Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 293 eFVI[TahanBulsøab;Gs;CaeRcIn. eBlenaHesþcesom )anyl;RBmbBa¢ÚnRBHC½yecsþa [vilRtlb;mkkm<úCavij tamsMNUmBr rbs;RBHraCakm<úCaCaRBHbita. kñúgRBHraCdMeNIryagRtlb;mkvijenH RBHC½yecsþa)anb®gáabeFVI [bNþaExRtEdlenAtampøÚvmansnþiPaBeLIgvij manExRtnagrg )at;dMbg eBaFisat; kMBt rhUtdl; ekaHsøaEkt rYcRTg;yagkat;eTACYbCamYyeteCaRBHGgÁEdleTIbEtdak;taMgT½BenABImuxbnÞayxµaMg enA RTaMg. eRkayBI)anCYbCamYykgT½B ehIyTTYlBt’manGMBIyuT§sa®sþbMBulTwkrbs; kUEm:l RBHC½y ecsþa )anecjbBa¢ahammin[TahanpwkTwkRtBaMgEdlenAtamdgpøÚveT rYc)ancat;[ekNÐGñkRsuk eTAdgTwkBITIq¶ay dak;bMBg;rab;Ban;Esn ykmk[Tahanpwkvij. yb;mYyenAeBlEdlBYkxµaMgenAkñúgbnÞayRTaMgmin)anKitdl;fanwgmankarRbyuT§eteCaRBHGgÁ nigymraCemOg)anRbmUlTahan EdlmankaMePøIgkan;enAéd vaylukcUleTAkñúgbnÞay ehIy)aj; smøab;BYkxµaMgTaMgGs; rYmTaMgkUEm:l nigBYkFµb;pg. cb;s®gÁam RBHraCaNacRk)ansuxsnþiPaBehIy RBHRsIsurieyaBN’ )anelIketeCaRBHGgÁ [eFVICaecAhVayExRtsMeragTg. ry³kalbnþiceRkaymk eteCaRBHGgÁ)anTTYlmrNPaBeTAedayCraPaB. eBlenaHRBHraCa )anelIk´beRmIrbs;eteCaRBHGgÁmñak;eQµaH y:t18 manedImkMeNItCaCnCatiBñg [eLIgeFVICaecA hVayExRtbnþ BIeRBaH´enHEtgEtedIrtamnayecAhVayeTARKb;smrPUmiRbyuT§ nigeronsURtecHdwgBI citþKMnit nigl,icRbyuT§epSg²rbs;ecAhVaynay ehIy)anbgðaj[eXIjfamanR)aCJaQøasévCa eRcInelIkeRcInsa. nayy:tenH)ancab;bnþeFVIkarb®gáab[RsukmansuxsnþiPaB RbkbedayeCaK C½y EdlRtÚvGak;xanmYyry³ edaymrNPaBrbs;eteCaRBHGgÁ. KWenAeBlenaHehIyEdlRBHraCa )anseRmcbþÚrRBHraCvaMgBIekaHsøaEkt edaynaMRBHraCbriBar raCvgSanuvgS nignamuWnsBVmuxm®nþImkKg;enAÉlVaÉm19 EdlsßitenAcMBImuxPñMeBjvij. RTg;)anelIk 18 niTansþIGMBIerOgenHniyayfa eteCaRBHGgÁ)anbBa¢a[RTmak;dMrIrbs;Kat;erobcMKMnr»s ehIydutKat;TaMgrs; edIm,I bMeBjkarsb,ayrbs;PriyaKat;. niTanenaHniyayeTotfa Kat;CaesþcRtaj;enAdIkMBg;sVay minEmnenAsMeragTgeT ehIy)anniyaybEnßmeTotfa Bñgy:atenHbnÞab;mk)anykRbBn§rbs;eteCaRBHGgÁeFVICaPriya. 19 raCFanIenHRBHraCa )an[ksageLIgenAkñúgéRBlVaEp¥m eRkaymk)ankøayeTACaTIRkúgsMxan;mYy EdlBYkB½rTuyehÁ nigeGs,aj:úl ehAfa LÚGuIm.
RBHGKÁmehsIsemþcRBHPKvtIRsIsuCati[eLIgCaRBHmhakSRtIy_. ExRtRsIsQrk¾RtÚvEbgEckCa 2KW mYyEpñkxagelIenArkSaeQµaHfa RsIsQr dEdl ÉmYyEpñkxageRkammaneQµaHfa lVaÉm enAkñúgqñaM1604. ehIyenAeBlenaHEdrEdlRBHraCa EdlRTg;RKgEtGavpayBN’elOgtamrebobesom nig)an seRmc[namuWnsBVmuxm®nþI taMgBIBYkmhatlik nignayBleLIgeTA e)aHbg;semøókbMBak;reboblEgVk Edlbg;kRkmaEvgecjehIy[esøókBak;dUcRBHGgÁvij.TaMgkarniyaysþIk¾RTg;[dUrKW[ehARBHGgÁ faRBHRsIsurieyaBN’semþcmnafvij. ®sþI²Edlmanzan³x<s;RtÚveqøIynwgRBHraCafaRBHBr eqøIynwg RBHmhakSRtIy_faRBHEm:ehIyeqøIynwgBYkGñkGgÁm©as;fa RBH)aTm©as;. enAeBlenaH GtItraCanusiT§iRBHEkvh‘VaeyamminGaclak;kM)aMgKMnitEdlcg;deNþImykGM NacteTAeTot)aneT RTg;)aneKcxøÜneTAKg;enAkñúgExRtesÞag cenøaHExRtCIERkg nigExRtkMBg;sVay enAkñúgqñaM1611 ehIycab;ekNÐkgT½B. RBHRsIsurieyaBN’ )anelIkT½BeTAvayEkvh‘Va eyam cab;xøÜn)an ehIy)anbBa¢a[eKeFVIXatecaleTA. BYkesom EdltamdansPaBkarN_enAkm<úCaCab; enAeBlEdlTTYlBt’mansþIGMBIkarbMEbk xøÜnrbs;Bjaeyam k¾bBa¢ÚnT½BmYykgcUlmkdl;kñúgExRteBaFisat; edayykelsfamkCYyRBH raCakm<úCa. RBHRsIsurieyaBN’ )andwknaMT½BeTACYbCamYyT½Besom BYkenHk¾cab;ebIkkarvayRbhar mkelIRBHraCa EtRtÚvRBHraCarujRcan[dkfyeTARbTl;EdnvijeTA. RBHraCa)anyageTAkan;søaEktenAkñúgExRtkMBt CaTIEdlRBHGgÁKg;enA taMgBIeBlyagRtlb;BIRsukesomemø:H. enAkñúgqñaM1601 RBHsurieyaBN’ )anksagvtþsm,úk RbTandI kat;b£ssIma rYcRTg;bBa¢a ecAhVayExRt[erobcMTTYlTUtmkBITis]tþr nigTisbUB’a bNþaGñkR)aCJbNÐitmkBIbreTs CaBiess [fVaytgVayEdlRBHraCakm<úCataMgBIburaNkalFøab;fVayCUndl;esþcePøIg nigesþcTwkral;3qñaMmþg edIm,I[CYyEfrkSapøÚv nigéRBRBwkSa kuM[sRtÚvebotebon)an. RBHRsIsurieyaBN’RKgraCsm,tþi)an13qñaMehIy b:uEnþminTan;TTYlRBHraCaPieskenAeLIy. RBHraCaPieskenH)anRbRBwtþeTAenAkñúgExFñÚ qñaM161320 RBHraCaRTg;kan;RBHx½nraCü Kg;enAeRkam esVtcäRt ehIyTTYlRBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcRBHbrmraCaFiraCramFibtIRBHRsIsurieyaBN’. 294 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 20 kalbriecäTenH mankMNt;ehtumYybBa¢ak;c,as;GMBIRBHraCBiFIGPiesk RBHRsIsurieyaBN’.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 295 6- RBHC½yeCdæa b¤ C½yecsþaTI2 ¬1618-1622¦ R)aMqñaMeRkaymkKWenAkñúgqñaM1618edayenOyNaynwgRKb;RKgRbeTsCatiNamYymanGaBaFpg RBHRsIsurieyaBN’)anpþl;dMNwgdl;RBHC½yeCdæaCaRBHraCbuRtac,grbs;RBHGgÁ Edlesom Tuk[enAnwgRsukeKenAeLIyfaRBHGgÁmanbMNgcg;dak;raCsm,tþifVay.RBHC½yeCdæak¾suMkarGnuBaØat BIRBHraCaGyuFüa eFVIdMeNIrmkkm<úCavij edaymanT½BesomEhhmmkCamYypg nigBYkExµr EdlenA beRmIRBHGgÁehIyEdlmanbMNgcg;mktamEdr. mkdl;bribUN’ RTg;)anbBa¢a[T½BesomvilRtlb; eTAvij rYck¾yagkat;mkrklVaÉm. eBlenaHRTg;manRBHCnµ40RBHvsSaehIy. RBHRsIsurieyaBN’k¾elIkRBHC½yeCdæa[eLIgRKgraCblø½gá manRBHnamfaRBH)aTsemþcRBH raC»gáaRBHC½yeCdæaFiraCramaFibtIbrmbBiRt. RBH]T½yCaRBHGnuC EdlmanRBHCnµ39RBHvsSa )anTTYlRBHzan³CaRBHmha]braC. mYyqñaMeRkaymkRBHRsIsurieyaBN’)anesayTivgÁteTA enAkñúgRBHCnµ64RBHvsSa. RBHC½y eCdæa nigRBH]T½y)anerobcMRBHraCBiFIbUCaRBHsBRBHvraCbita rYcehIy)anykRBHGdæiFatueTAbBa©úH enAkñúgectiymYysg;enAelIPñMRBHraCRTBü enAEk,r]tþúgÁ PñMenaHk¾dUreQµaHeTACaéRtRtwgScab;BIeBl enaHrhUtmk. enArvagqñaM1620 RBHraCaC½yeCdæa )aneFVIdMeNIrbUCnIeysk_mkkan;PñMéRtRtwgS RTg;cab; RBHT½yCaxøaMgnwgRsuk]tþúgÁ k¾bBa¢a[sg;raCvaMgmYyenABIxageCIgRsHEkv rYc)anecjbBa¢a[dUreQµaH raCFanIEdlenAEk,rRBHraCvaMgenaHfaCa ]tþúgÁmanC½y vij. enAqñaM1622 RTg;)an[CIkRsHmYy eTotenABIxageRkayRsHEkvenaH. KWenAkñúg»kasenaHÉgEdlRTg;)anecjbBa¢a[ namuWnsBVmuxm®nþI ehARBHGgÁfa semþcRBHnrayN_mnaf. enAkñúgqñaM1623T½BesomBIrkg)ancUlmklukluyRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCamYykgcUlmkBITis xageCIg dwknaMedayRBHraCbuRtesþcesom nigmYykgeTotdwknaMeday]tþmesnIy_PüaéfNaM cUlmk kñúgExRtbnÞaymasBITisxagt,Úg. RBHC½yeCdæa )andwknaMT½BecjeTAvayT½Besom enATisxageCIg[ braC½yenAbribUN’ Rtg;PñMcgág;21 ÉRBH]T½y )andwknaMT½Becjvayesom[braC½yenAbnÞaymas bgç¿ 21 manT½BesomCaeRcInRtÚvcab;)anCaeQøIyenAkñúgkarRbyuT§mYyenAeCIgPñMcgkg RbEhlCa50KILÚEm:Rt BIxageCIg Tenøsab CaehtueFVI[eKehAfa esomcgág;² dUecñHrhUtmk.
[cuHTUkecjeTAvijeTA. mYyqñaMeRkaymk T½BesomcuHsMeBAvilRtlb;mkmþgeTot k¾b:uEnþRtÚvBüúH bk; e)akbgç¿[Rtlb;cUleTAkñúgTenøemNamvijedIm,IeCosvagkarxUcxat CaehtueFVI[esþcesom RBHecA R)asaTefage)aHbg;yuT§nakarenHecal.edIm,IrMlwkdl;C½yCmñHenHehIyedIm,IsMEdgkardwgKuNdl; RBHrtnRt½ypg RBHraCa)anecjbBa¢a[ksagR)agÁmYyenAelIkMBUlPñM RBHraCRTBüBIelIectiyEdl dak;GdæiFatuRBHbitaRBHGgÁ. eLIgRKgraCblø½gámin)anb:unµanpgRBHC½yeCdæa)anTTYlykkSRtIGaNÑammYyGgÁEdlRBHraCa GaNÑam)anbBa¢ÚnmkfVay eFVICaRBHCaya ehIy)anelIkRBHkSRtIenaHeLIgCasemþcPKvtIRBHRsIv rkSRtIy_. RBHkSRtIy_enHmansmösSl¥xøaMgNas;ehIyecHeFVI[RBHraCaRslaj;nigsþab;bgÁab;.eK)an cat;Tukfa TMnak;TMngrvagRBHraCaGaNÑamCamYyRBHraCakm<úCa )ancab;epþImekIneLIgBIRtwmeBlEdl kSRtIyrUbenHyagmkdl;raCvaMgkm<úCa. enAkñúgqñaM1623 manTUtGaNÑammYyRkúm )annaMykCMnUnl¥²mkfVayRBHraCaC½yeCdæa Ca RBHraCbuRtsuNisarbs;RBHraCaGaNÑam ehIyesñIsuMRBHraCanuBaØat[RbCaCnGaNÑamcUlmkrs; enAcugxagt,ÚgénRBHraCaNacRk ehIysMuRBHraCanuBaØatbegáItTIsñak;karKymYykEnøgenAéRBnKr ¬sayhÁn¦22 edIm,IKaMRTdl;kic©karTaMgGs;enH. RBHraCaGacnwglM)akkñúgkarRbEkkminyl;RBmtam sMeNI ehIyRBHraCkSRtIy_k¾RbEhlCa)anTTUc[RBHraCabMeBjtambMNgrbs;RBHbitapgEdr enATI bBa©b;RBHraCa k¾yl;RBmpþl;karGnuBaØattamkaresñIsuMTaMg2. KWedayEbbenHehIyEdlBYkyYncUl mkrs;enAkñúgRsukExµr ehIycab;epþImT®nÞandeNþImykTwkdIEdleyIgehAsBVéf¶fa kUsaMgsuIn. enAsm½yenaH tamkarerobrab;epSg²EdlRbEhlCaeKniyaybMepøIseRcIn )andMNalBIGñk RsukGatUBW erIs)anmasenAnwg)atsÞwgeBlTwkRsk RBHraCak¾yageTAkan;TIkEnøgenaH23. BaNiC¢kr Catihuløg; elak ehSr:av:an;vUsUv )ansresrBIerOgenHenAkñúgqñaM1642fa ³ 296 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 22 ExRtcugxagt,Úgrbs;km<úCaenH niyay[cMfakEnøgEdlCaTItaMgrbs;TIRkúgsayhÁúg nigRcWLWgsBVéf¶ minmaneQµaH faéRBnKreT EtmaneQµaHfa éRBKr ÉBaküevotNamfa sayhÁn mann½yfaéRBKr dUecñHÉg. 23 ehtukarN_CaPsþútagmYyeTotbBa¢ak;faenAkñúgstvtSr_TI17sÞwgERtgnigGatUBWCaTwkdIrbs;RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa ehIyRBHraCaeRkaybg¥s;rbs;lEgVkRBHC½yeCdæaeBlePosRBHGgÁeTAsÞwgERtgRTg;Kg;enAkñúgTwkdIkm<úCaminEmncUl eTARsuklaveT.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 297 {enARtg;TIkEnøgenaH¬bwthSúg-)acug-sÞwgERtg¦mansÞwgmYyhUrcuHBITisxagekItmk.ebIeLIg tamsÞwgenHeTAcm¶ay30ém:l_mankEnøgmYyeQµaHfaNamm:ymanBYklUEvn¬lav¦rs;enAnigman ExµrxøHEdrrs;enATIenaHEdr}. {kalBI20qñaMmun RBHraCakm<úCa )anyagtamTUkmkdl;kEnøgEdlGñkRsukerIs)anmas enA 20ém:l_BIxagelINamm:y CamYyT½BCb:un cin m:aeL nigExµrcMnYn300nak;. k¾b:uEnþTwkmins¥at eFVI[ mnusSsøab;Gs;CaeRcIn enAsl;mindl;50nak;pgeT EdlGacvilRtlb;BIebskkmµenHvij. eTaHCa y:agNakþI BYklUEvn)anGHGagfamanEr:masCaeRcIn EtGñkRsukmin)anTajykpleT edayminecH eFVICMnYj}. RBHC½yeCdæa )ansuKteTAenAkñúgqñaM1628 kñúgRBHCnµayu58RBHvsSa eRkayBIRTg;eLIg esayraCü)an 10qñaM. 7- ry³kalcenøaHraCsm,tþi ¬1628-1629¦ RBH]T½yCaRBHGnuC enAeBlenaH manRBHCnµayu48RBHvsSaehIy. RBHGgÁ)aneFVICa]braC taMgBIqñaM1618mk RTg;k¾cab;kan;kic©karRBHnKrCabnþkñúgRBHzan³CaRBH]byuvraC manRBHnamfa RBHFmµnafeyamraCFmµ. RBH]T½ykan;kab;GMNacrhUtdl;qñaM1629 dl;eBlEdlRBHraCbuRtc,grbs;RBHC½yeCdæa RBHnamfaecABjasUr Edl)ansagRBHpñÜstaMgEtBImuneBlRBHbitaRTg;suKt )anlacakRBHpñÜsmk vij eBlenaHRTg;manRBHCnµ26RBHvsSaehIy. RBH]T½yCaRBHraCanusiT§i Edl)anTTYlRBHzan³ mYy EdlFmµtaminGnuBaØat[RBHGgÁTTYlraCsm,tþi)aneT RTg;k¾seRmcerobcMGPieskRBHPaKienyü [eLIgesayraCsm,tþieLIg. 8- RBHRsIFemµaraCaTI1-ecABjasUr ¬1629-1630¦ RBHraCBiFIGPieskecABjasUr)anRbRBwtþeTAkñúgqñaM1629 ehIyTTYlRBHnamfa RBH)aT semþcesþcRBHraC»gáarRBHRsIFemµaraCaFiraCramaFibtI. raCBgSavtarCYnkalehARBHGgÁfa RBHRsI FemµaraCa CYnkaleTotehARBHGgÁfaRBHraCsmÖar. RBHraCav½yekµgenH mincg;kan;GMNaceT emø:aHehIy RTg;)anRbKl;kic©karRBHnKrTaMgGs;[ RBHbitulacat;Ecg cMENkxøÜnRBHGgÁ )anyageTAKg;enAÉekaHeXøak sBVéf¶ehAfa xSac;kNþal KitKUr
GMBIGkSrsa®sþvij.KWCakSRtmYyGgÁBUEkxagerOgsasnanigGkSrsa®sþehIyeKniyayfaRBHGgÁ )anniBn§kaBüeXøagnigerOgr:avRbvtþisa®sþCaeRcInb:uEnþmineXIjmanesssl;GVIrhUtmkdl;eyIgeT. RTg;)an[dUrBiFIkarEdlRBHraCamun²)anbþÚrCaeRcInelIkeRcInsamkehIy eday[GñkTaMgBYgehA RBHGgÁfa RBHraCsmÖar)armIBiess nig[ehAGtItRBHraCanusiT§ifa RBHPUvnaf. RTg;)anÉkPaBCamYyRBHC½yeCdæa lHbg;PaBCabBVCitenAqñaMbnÞab; edIm,IdwknaMT½BeTAvayluk ExRtkUr:at; kñúgRBHraCbMNgdeNþImykBIesommkvij. k¾b:uEnþ RtÚvbraC½y minGacQreCIg)an k¾dk T½Bmkvij edaynaMykeQøIyCaeRcInmkCamYypg. eBlyagRtlb;mkdl;GgÁrvtþvij RBH]byuv raC)anyagTaMgRKÜsarkat;eTACYbnwgRBHGgÁ eFVIRBHGgÁ)anCYbCamYyRBHsuCatikSRtI CaRBHmehsI rbs;RBHbitulaRBHGgÁ EdleK)anpÁÚpÁgCamYyRBHGgÁBImun EtRtÚvRBHbitulaerobGaBah_BiBah_ Ca mehsI kñúgeBlEdlRBHGgÁkMBugbMeBjbBVC¢a. RTg;k¾cab;epþImRslaj;RBHnageday)ansuMNat;CYb CamYyRBHnagenAmuxnaK ehIyk¾Rslaj;KñaeTA. eBlyagRtlb;mk]tþúgÁvij RBH]PeyaraCk¾RbQYn karEfFYnk¾minditdl; TMnak;TMngesñha rvagRBHraCanigRBHkSRtIGgÁvtIecHEtbnþeTA.raCBgSavtarmYyniyayfaGñkTaMg2sgÇwmfa)anCYb KñaenAeBlEdlRBH]PeyaraCsuKt k¾b:uEnþpÞúyeTAvij RBHraCanusiT§i EbrCaCasHes,Iy eFVI[GñkTaMg 2mankarPitP½yCaxøaMg xøacRtÚveKEvkmuxraykarN_fVayRBHbitula eRBaHnrNak¾dwgEdrfa RBHGgÁ Rslaj;Kña. P½yeBk RBHGgÁvtI )anlYcrt;ecjBIraCvaMgrbs;RBH]PeyaraC eTAKg;enARBHraCavaMg rbs;RBHraCaCamYyshayvij. RBwtþikarN_kñúgraCvgSenH)anbgá[ekItmanerOgGaRsUvCaxøaMg³mnusSCaeRcInbenÞasfaRBH]P eyaraC)andeNþImykKUesñharbs;RBHrC¢TayaT/ GñkxøHeTotbenÞasRBHraCaEdl)andeNþImyk RBHCayarbs;RBH]PeyaraC EdlxitxMdwknaMRbeTsCatikñúgnamCaRBHeyamraCFM rYcehIy)anRbKl; raCsm,tþimk[EfrkSavij/ ehIymanGñkxøHeTotkan;eCIgRBHGgÁvtIEdlsBVRBHT½ynwgRBHraCaekµg EdlCaKUsgSarcas;CaCagRslaj;RBHsVamIcas;EdlRKan;EtCa]PeyaraCb:ueNÑaH.RBH]PeyaraC nigRBHraCak¾cab;taMgekNÐT½BEtsBV²xøÜn ehIys®gÁambgðÚrQamEtRKÜsarÉgk¾)anpÞúHeLIg. b:uEnþ taMgBIkarRbyuT§KñadMbUgemø:H T½BRBHraCaRtÚvbraC½y ehIyemT½Brbs;RBHraCa 4nak; EdlsuT§CaCnCati cink¾RtÚveKsmøab;)an.RBHraCanigRBHGgÁvtIk¾naMKñaeKcxøÜneTAkan;ExRtkBa¢rEtRtÚvT½BRBH]PeyaraC mYykgtamTan; ehIyeFVIXatnwgkaMePøIgsuKteTA. 298 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 299 RBHRsIFemµaraCaesayraCü)an1qñaM ehIyk¾suKteTAkñúgRBHCnµayu29RBHvsSa24 . 9- RBHGgÁTgramaFibtI-ecABjanU ¬1630-1640¦ RBHraCaEdleLIgesayraCübnþBIRBHGgÁsUr KWecABjanU EdlTTYlkarGPieskeRkamRBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcRBHraC»gáarRBHGgÁTgraCaFiraCramaFibtIbrmbBiRt enAkñúgRBHCnµayu23RBHvsSa. raCBgSavtarniyayfaRTg;esayraCü)an5qñaMk¾b:uEnþkarKNnabgðajfaRTg;esayraCü)an9qñaMy:ag tic. RTg;)anb®gáabkarbHe)armYyrbs;GñkRsukrlaMgRTúl dwknaMedayCnhiNÐÚmñak; EdlRtÚvcab;xøÜn )an rYcehIyRTg;)anbBa¢a[eKkat;k,alsmøab;ecal. RBHramaFibtIRTg;)anpøas;bþÚrrUbmnþBiFIkarEdlkMNt;eLIgedayRBHFemµaraCa edayRTg;[Gñk pgehARBHGgÁfa RBHkruNaBiessRBHGgÁraC. RTg;esayraCüsm,tþienAraCFanI]tþúgÁ. RBHramaFibtI)ancUlTivgÁt enAkñúgExmifuna qñaM164025 . 10- RBHbTumraCaTI1-RBHGgÁnn; ¬1641¦ tamkarbgðajBIRBH]PeyaraCRBH]T½y GtItRBHeyamraCFM namuWnsBVmuxm®nþI)anelIkRBHraC buRtac,grbs;RBHGgÁ EdlmanRBHCnµayu24RBHvsSaehIy [eLIgesayraCübnþ eRkamRBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcesþcRBHraC»gáarRBHbTumraCaFiraCramaFibtI. ebItamsmþIrbs;elak ehSr:av:an;vUsUv RBHraCaGgÁenHRtwmRtÚv søÚt ehIymanRBHraCGakb,kiriyal¥. tamemIleTA KWRbEhledayRTg;)an karBarBYkhuløg; Edl)anksagGKarBaNiC¢kmµmYy enAxageRkamBjaB¤bnþic26 . eRkayeBlRTg;eLIgesayraCü)anbnþicmanekItCMgWmYyFMenAkñúgExkkádaqñaM1640eFVI[søab; RbCaCnkm<úCaGs;CaeRcIn. CMgWenH )aneFVI[emGKarBaNiC¢kmµhuløg;enAkm<úCaeQµaH v:an;EDrhahÁin søab;kñúgeBlEt 24em:agb:ueNÑaH. 24 ÉksarxøHniyayfa RTg;esayraCü)an 8qñaM ehIysuKtkñúgCnµayu 37 RBHvsSa. 25 kalbriecäTenH )anmkBIÉksarmYysresredayCnCatihuløg;mñak; ÉksarenaHmaneQµaHfa Récit succinct de ce qui s’est passé de curieux aux Indes Orientales, dans le Royaume du Cambodge. ebItamraCBgSavtar faRTg;suKtenAkñúgqñaM 1664. 26 ÉksarxagelI)anelIkBIRBHGgÁfa {RTg;søÚtbUt ehIymaRBHP½®kþRss;l¥} ehIyfa {RTg;cUlcitþBYkhuløg;}.
RBHbTumraCaesayraCsm,tþienA]tþúgÁ)anRbEhl1qñaM Rsab;EtecABjac½nÞ CaRBHraCbuRta TI3rbs;RBHC½yeCdæaCamYym:mlaveQµaHfa nagGñkbusSa ehIyRtÚvCaRBHGnuCrbs;RBHGgÁTgecA BjanU minsb,ayRBHT½ynwgRBH]PeyaraCRBH]T½y EdldkhUtraCblø½gáBIRBHGgÁykeTA[RBH GgÁnn;vij k¾)anelIkEpnkark,t; ehIy)anlYceFVIXatRBH]T½yRBmTaMg raCvgSanuvgSCaeRcInGgÁ eTot enAkñúgBiFIkMsanþmYy enAkñúgéf¶TI5 Exmkra qñaM1642 edaymankarCYyKaMRTBIBYkm:aeL nigcam EdlRTg;)ansnüafa nwgpþl;plRbeyaCn_[CaeRkay27 . rYcecABjac½nÞ )anbBa¢ÚnT½B 5kg [ecjeTACYbCamYyRBHraCaGgÁnn; EdlkMBugEtRbBatkarbr )aj;stVenAcm¶ayRbEhl60lIyWBIraCFanIenAkñúgExRtmYyenAmat;smuRTehIyEdlmanmhatlik karBarEt60nak;b:ueNÑaH. RBHGgÁRtÚvT½BTaMg5kgB½T§vayRbhar rYccab;naMxøÜnmkkan;raCFanI]tþúgÁ. bnÞab;BIXatkmµmkelIRBH]T½y manraCkumar 3GgÁ )anePosxøÜnrYcBIkarkab;smøab;rgÁal. KWraCbuRtrbs;RBHraCa nigRtÚvCaRBHraCntþarbs;RBH]T½y. raCkumarTaMg3GgÁ)aneKccUleTARCk ekanenAkñúgvtþmYy em:øaHehIyk¾TTYl)annUvsiT§iRCkekan EdlenAsm½yenaH KµannrNarMelaP)aneT enAkñúg\NÐÚcinTaMgmUl. ecABjac½nÞeFVIhak;dUcCa)anbMePøckumarTaMgenaHehIy b:uEnþ)antamdanrhUt. rhUtdl;eBlEdlmanRbCaCn1muWn2Ban;nak;xwgsm,aehIykan;GavuFeLIgeFVI[kumarTaMg3rt;ecjBI 300 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 27 Éksarrbs;BYkhuløg;xagelI)an[dwgfaRBH]PeyaraCRBH]T½y)anRtÚveFVIXatnal¶acmYyenAeBlEdlRTg;kMBug EtRksalebocinCamYyGñkGgÁm©as;c½nÞ ehIynigm®nþIFM²epSgeTotenAkñúgRBHraCaNacRk. eBlRBHGgÁkMBugEt RksalenaHmhatlikrbs;RBHGgÁEdl)ancUlédcUleCIgCaBYkk,t;)anlUncUlmkCitRBHGgÁBIxageRkayhak;dUcCa cg;mkcUlTUlRBHGgÁGMBIbBaðaGVImYy dUcEdlFøab;EteFVIdUecñHCaFmµta rYcehIyk¾dkkaMbitesñótcak;smøab;RBHGgÁEtmþg. PøamenaHBYkédeCIgÉeTot²k¾sÞúHeRkakeLIg Bnøt;ePøIg vaysMBgeTAelIGñkTaMgGs;EdlenATIenaH rYcehIyk¾dutvaMg ecalEtmþgeTA. ePøIgeqHeLIgenH CasBaØaR)ab;dl;BYkk,t;ÉeTot² [sMrukcUleTAkñúgeKhdæanrbs;BYkm®nþIEdlesµaH Rtg;nwgRBH]PeyaraC ehIydutecalTaMgGs;Edr. manm®nþIxøHEdldwgxøÜnTan; )aneqøót»kaskMBugRcbUkRcbl;rt;eKc xøÜneTAkan;RsukERscmáar)an k¾b:uEnþbnÞab;mkRtÚvcab;xøÜnnaMykmkraCFanIvij ehIyTTYlkarvaydMeFVI)ab\tRtaRbNI minKYrnwgemIl rYcehIyk¾RtÚvsmøab;ecaleTA. TaruNkmµcMeBaHm®nþITaMgGs;enaHsahavéRBépSNas; ³ eKykeQIedat TMlayeBaH exVHykkMb:HKUT rYceRbIkaMbitcugRsYceqáólsac;q¥wgxñgtaMgBIeRkamrhUtdl; k-édTaMg2 eKcgP¢ab;eTAnwg begÁalcgExVgeCIgEk¥k eCIgCan;elIkþar1bnÞH ehIyeKTukecalhaléf¶enAelIpøÚvsaFarN³ Tuk[GñkRsukedIrmkeCr RbeTcpþasarhUtdl;søab;kñúg2b¤3éf¶.ÉksarmYyEdl´manenAkñúgédniyayfaectiyCaeRcInEdleKsg;enACuMvij PñMEpñkxageRkam KWsRmab;dak;GdæiFaturbs;m®nþITaMgGs;enaHÉg EdlRtÚvsmøab;edaybBa¢aBjac½nÞ.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 301 vtþrYccab;kumarbgTaMg2mkRbKl;[Bjac½nÞ.raCkumareBA)anRtÚvRBHvrraCmataCYyse®gÁaHykeTA ciBa©wmbI)ac;EfrkSa minRBmRbKl;[Bjac½nÞeT. b:unµanqñaMeRkaymk RBHraCa)anelIkRBHraCkumarenH [eLIgeFVICamha]braC. Éksarrbs;BYkhuløg;)anerobrab;fa raCkumarTaMg2)anrgnUvkareFVITaruNkmµGaRkk;xøaMgNas; munnwgRtÚveKsmøab;.eKykRBHGgÁeTAdak;KukehIy[esayEtsac;EdleKkat;ecjBIxøÜnRBHGgÁ.Et raCkumarTaMg2manesckþIkøahan xusEbøkBIkumarTaMgLay. enAeBlEdlRTg;RtÚveKsmøab;edaycg P¢ab;eTAnwgedImeck RTg;)ansMNUmBrehIyBinitübBa¢ak;fa eK)ansMelogkaMbitEdlRtÚvykmkkab; xøÜnRBHGgÁCa2kMNat;enaHmutl¥ehIy. kareFVIXatraCkumarTaMg2)aneFVI[RbCara®sþmankarPitP½y CaxøaMg ehIyKµannrNamñak;h‘anecjmuxmkCYyeLIy. tamBiteTA GñkGgÁm©as;c½nÞ RTg;dwknaMRbeTskñúgRBHnamRBHeromrbs;RBHGgÁ ehIyGVI²suT§EteFVI eTAtambBa¢arbs;RBHeromTaMgGs;. b:uEnþedayRbCara®sþs¥b;RBHGgÁ EtRslaj;RBHeromemø:aHehIy RTg;k¾seRmccitþkm©at;RBHeromecj. BYkhuløg;niyayfa RTg;)anerobcMeFVI[RBHGnuCéførbs;RBH raCa ecaTRbkan;RBHraCafa)anEccg;RBHCayarbs;RBHGgÁ rYcehIyRTg;)anecjbBa¢a[eKkat;-k RBHraCaeTA. bnÞab;mk GñkGgÁm©as;c½nÞ)anbBa¢a[eKsmøab;RBHGnuCéføenaHecaleTot edayecaTfa )aneFVIkarecaTRbkan;minRtwmRtÚveTAelIRBHraCa. erOgkMEbøgTaMgGs;enaH maneKalbMNgCaBiess KWedIm,IrkSaraCsm,tþiTukxøÜnÉg. 11- RBHbTmu raCaT2I Bjacn½ Þ-escþ clU sasnaCaV ¬1642-1659¦ eRkayBI)anGnuvtþGMeBI]RkidæxagelIrYcehIy GñkGgÁm©as;c½nÞ EdlmanRBHCnµ26RBHvsSa )an[eKerobcMBiFIGPieskRBHGgÁ eRkamRBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcRBHbTumraCaFiraCramaFibtI. GñkGgÁm©as;Ém raCbuRtarbs;RBH]T½y EdlRBHvrraCmata)anCYyse®gÁaH RtÚv)anelIk[eLIgzan³ CaRBHEkvh‘Va. BYkhuløg;niyayfaecABjac½nÞenH mankitþinaml,IxagmancitþGaRkk; nigkacsahav ehIyRBHraCaTaMgGs; rYmTaMgRBHraCamun²pg xøacrGaRKb;Kña enAeBlTteXIjnUvGtþcriteXareXA rbs;RBHGgÁnaéf¶mYy28 . 28 ecABjac½nÞ manRBHmataCaCnCatilav.
cab;taMgEtBIeBlEdl)aneLIgRKgraCblø½gá RTg;)anecjRBHraCbBa¢amYybBa¢ak;GMBIRBHzan³ rbs;RBHraCvgSanuvgSTaMgGs;CaPasa)alI ehIyRTg;)anseRmc[eqøIynwgRBHraCafa RBHkruNa Biess ehIyeeqøIynwgsmaCikRBHraCvgSfaRBH)aTm©as;. enAsm½yenaH BYkhuløg;)anebIkGKarBaNiC¢kmµrbs;eKenAkm<úCa)an2-3qñaMehIy. BYkenaH )anCYbCamYyBYkB½rTuyehÁEdlmanvtþmantaMgEtBIqñaM1553mkemø:H ehIyEfmTaMg)anbMeBjParkic© FM²fVaydl;raCvgSEfmeTotpgdUcEdleyIg)aneXIjrYcmkehIyenAcugstvtSr_mun.BYkB½rTuyehÁ manGKarBaNiC¢kmµenAkMBg;høÜg ÉBYkhuløg;manGKarenABjaB¤. BYkCatisasn_enHTaMg2mankar RbkYtRbECgxagBaNiC¢kmµRsYcRsal;xøaMgNas; dUecñHehIykars¥b;KñaeTAvijeTAmkk¾xøaMgNas;Edr. eK)ancab;epþImdeNþImTItaMgKñaeTAvijeTAmkrYcmkehIyenAkñúgcugbUB’aTaMgmUl ehIyeKk¾taMgcab; epþImeCrKñaeTAvijeTAmk deNþImKab;KYrCamYyRBHraCakm<úCa sMedAbMpøajKñaeTAvijeTAmkEdr. enAkñúgqñaM1636 BYkGñkRsuk)ancUlykTMnijrbs;k):al;eQµaH n½rvIk EdllicenAEk,rmat; smuRTkm<úCa BYkhuløg;k¾bþwgrkyutþiFm’29. eBlenaHRBHraCa EdlBiPal;faBYkenHCacarkmµrbs;BYk esom)aneqøIytbeTAvijfaRBHGgÁmansiT§inigTTYlykral;rbs;rbrepSg²Edl)anmkBIkarliclg; rbs;k):al;breTs. BYkhuløg;eqøIyfaBYkeKminEmnCaCnbreTseToteT eRBaHeK )anmktaMgTIlMenA enAkñúgRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCarYceTAehIy. TLð IkrN_enHminRtwmRtÚveT BIeRBaHfa enAÉGWr:ub eKsnµt;fa ral;k):al;rbs;RbeTsmYyEdllicenAelIeqñrsmuRTrbs;RbeTsmYyeToteKEtgEtcat;TukCak):al; breTsehIy. enAéf¶TI28 Exemsa qñaM1638 elak]tþmesnIy_ v:an;DIyuWmuin EdlQreCIgenAÉ )atavIy:a )anbBa¢ÚneQµaH b:UlRKúk [eFVIdMeNIrmkkan;raCvaMg]tþugÁ edIm,IeFVIkaredaHRsay. eBlenaH BYkB½rTuyehÁ Edl)ansmøab;BYkhuløg;Gs;2nak;kalBImYyqñaMmun )anseRmccitþfa nwgeFVI[ebskkmµ enHbraC½y. erOgr:avenH)anGUsbnøayeBlCag3qñaMmkehIy edayelak]tþmesnIy_ énRkúmh‘un BaNiC¢kmµhuløg; nwkKitsµanfa xøÜnenH)anRtÚvRBHraCa nigRBHmha]braCcat;TukdUcCabgb¥ÚnrYceTA ehIy EtesþcTaMg2GgÁenH )anRbEkkminyl;RBmTTYllixitrbs;Kat;eT ehIyTTYlmanRBwtþikarN_ ecABjac½nÞ nigBYkGuIsøameFVIXatRBHraCa RBH]PeyaraCCamYynwgm®nþIGñkmuxGñkkarenAkñúgRBHraCaNa cRkkalBIéf¶TI5 Exmkra qñaM1642 BYkhuløg;k¾cab;epþImKitrkdMeNaHRsaysaCafµI. 302 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 29 BYkExµr)andeNþImykTMnijGs;BIk):al; kñúgenaHmanTaMgs<an;mkBICb:uncMnYn500hab nigkaMePøIgFM13edImpg.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 303 RBHraCafµI)anepJIRBHraCsarlixitmYyc,ab;eTA[]tþmesnIy_30 Rkúmh‘unhuløg;EdlQreCIg enA ÉekaHCVa bBa¢ak;faRBHGgÁmanbMNgcg;rkSaTMnak;TMngl¥CamYyKña. elak]tþmesnIy_ enAeBl)andwg fa ebskCnrbs;Kat;minTan;)ancUlKal;RBHraCaenAeLIyeT pÞúyBIBYkeGs:,aj nigB½rTuyehÁ EbrCa TTYl)annUvkareR)asRbNICaeRcIn minEtb:ueNÑaHRBHraCa)anTaMgbBa¢ÚndMrI2k,aleTACUnelakGPi)al Rkúgm:anIlEfmeTotpgenaH k¾cat;taMg[elak K½rNIEkøk CaemxagEpñkBaNiC¢kmµ eFVIdMeNIrtamk):al; 2eRKÓgmkkm<úCaenAkñúgEx]sPaqñaM1642.elakK½rNIEkøkmanParkic©mkTUlsresIrRBHraCaEdl TTYl)anC½yCmñHelIBYkxµaMgsRtÚv Edlknøgmk)aneFVI[RBHGgÁ)at;bg;Gs;nUvsiT§iRsbc,ab;TaMgLay ehIyRTg;)ankemÞcecalBYkesþcERCkraCüTaMgGs;. Kat;k¾manParkic©RtÚvraykarN_fVayRBHraCa sUm[RBHGgÁRbúgRby½tñnwgl,icklrbs;BYkB½rTuyehÁ Edlknøgmk)anlYcbMBul RBHraCa b‘½reNGU nignamuWnsBVmuxm®nþImYycMnYn nigsUm[RBHGgÁrkSaTMnak;TMngl¥CamYyBYkhuløg; EdlCanic©Cakal Camitþd¾l¥sRmab;RBHraCaEdlTTYlrak;Tak;BYkeK. enAeBlEdlkarcrcaxagelIkMBugEtRbRBwtþeTA enAkñúgqñaMdEdlenaH RBHraCaEdl)anTTYlyk narIm:aeLmñak;CaRBHCaya.RbEhlCaedIm,IbMeBjRBHT½yRBHCayaenHpgehIyk¾RbEhledIm,IelIk TwkcitþBYkm:aeL nigcamEdl)anCYy[RBHGgÁdeNþImykraCblø½gámkvij)anpg RTg;)anbþÚrcUl sasnamham:at;vijeday[eKkat;Es,kehIyRTg;RbkasbþÚrRBHnamfaGuIR)ahuImvij.elakehSr:a v:an;vUsUhV )anniyayfa RBHraCaRTg;)anpþl;plRbeyaCn_CaeRcIndl;BYkm:aeL nigcam. ehtukarN_ enH )aneFVI[RbCaCnminsb,aycitþeT eK)anehARBHraCafaCaesþcecjsasna nigCaesþccUl sasnaCVa. BYkm:aeLnigcamEdlkan;sasnamham:at;TaMgGs;enHeRcInEtCaBaNiC¢kremø:aHehIyKWCasRtÚv nwgBYkGWr:ub EdlCaédKURbkYtRbECg. dl;eBl)ankøayCaGñkCitsñiT§nwgRBHraCa BYkenHk¾ERbkøayeTA Cakacsahav. edayxøacrGakarvayRbharrbs;BYkenH nigedayBYkB½rTuyehÁecHEtpSBVpSayBakü minl¥BIxøÜnpgBYkhuløg;k¾seRmccitþdkfyecjBIkm<úCaEdlminEmnCaTIsuxsanþsRmab;xøÜneT.ebsk Cnrbs;]tþmesnIy_)atavIy:a)ancakecjBIkm<úCa ehIynayGKarBaNiC¢kmµhuløg;enAkm<úCa k¾RtÚveK 30 ]tþmesnIy_rbs;Rkúmh‘unhuløg;enAcugbUB’a (Compagnie hollandaise des Indes - Orientales) EdlenA)atavIy:aehIydwknaM RKb;RKgral;GKarBaNiC¢kmµhuløg;TaMgGs; KWCaemdwknaMBaNiC¢kmµ minEmnCaemT½BeT.
bBa¢a[dkecjeTAvijEdr drabNaraCrdæaPi)alkm<úCamin)anbMeBjesckþIRtÚvkarrbs;xøÜnenaH. etImanGVIekIteLIgeRkayBIBYkhuløg;cakecjputeTA? eyIg)andwgGMBIGVI²EdlekItmanCabnþ mkeTotEtedaysarÉksarBYkhuløg;b:ueNÑaH. BYkhuløg;min)anR)ab;[dwgBitR)akdfaetIGñkNa EdlCaemePøIgeT k¾b:uEnþBYkeK)ansresrfa eRkamkarjúHjg;rbs;BYkB½rTuyehÁ nigBYkm:aeL nigeday mankarfVayeyabl;BI]kj:aBIeresñdul¬?¦RBHraCa)anecjbBa¢a[kab;smøab;BYkhuløg;vaykemÞcGKar nigdeNþImykk):al;huløg;eQµaHn½rvIknigsMeBAeQµaHrIvIkpg.RBHraCbBa¢aenHRtÚv)aneKGnuvtþtam enAéf¶TI3ExkumÖ³qñaM1644elIkElgEtk):al;n½rsVIúkmYyecjEdleKminGaccab;)an.k¾b:uEnþécdnü GaRkk;enH )anFøak;eTAelIk):al;eQµaH GUr:g;ehS EdleTIbEtmkdl;BIekaHéhVy:Uv:an; ¬étv:an;¦31 eTAvij edayKµan)andwgerOgr:avEdlekItmanenAkMBg;høÜgeT. GñkedIrk):al;enH )anRtÚvBYkCb:un EdlmanKña RbEhlCa 10nak; bgç¿[cuHmkdIehIysmøab;Gs;mYycMnYn mYycMnYneTotRtÚvcab;CaeQøIy. eBlTTYl)annUvdMNwgenH BYkhuløg;enA)atavIy:a)anseRmccitþeFVIkarsgswkvij edaybBa¢Ún k):al;5eRKÓgmkkm<úCa nigTUksM):anCaeRcIn dwknaMTahan160nak; nignavik240nak;. eKnwgeFVIkar sgswkedaykarbgðÚrQamRbsinebIRBHraCaGuIR)ahuIm minRBmRbKl;cMNab;xµaMgmk[vij ehIymineFVI [manTMnak;TMngdUckalBImunqñaM1640eT. Rkúmh‘unBaNiC¢kmµhuløg;eTIbEt)anepJIkarsresIrmkfVay RBHraCaRsab;EtRtÚveFVIs®gÁammYyeTAvijk¾b:uEnþBYkeKcg;)ansnþiPaB.k):al;TaMgGs;)anecjdMeNIr enAéf¶TI23 ExmIna qñaM1644 eLIgmktamTenø)asak; ehIy)anmke)aHyufáaenAnwgBamTenøsab BIxagelIPñMeBj-ctumµúxbnþic KWRbEhlCacm¶ay16KILÚEm:Rt BIGKarBaNiC¢kmµhuløg;. enAeBlEdlkic©crcacab;epþImeLIgenAéf¶TI7 Exkkáda BYkm®nþIxagkm<úCa)ansMNUmBr[Bnüar eBl 7éf¶ edayehtufaRBHmatarbs;RBHraCaeTIbnwgsuKt. edayBinitüeXIjfaKµanGVIEbøk KYr[ sgS½yenAtammat;Tenø embBa¢akarhuløg;k¾yl;RBmtamsMeNI ehIyEfmTaMg)ansMEdgkarcUlrYm mrNTukç edaykar)aj;kaMePøIgFMeKarBeTotpg. k):al;huløg;enAkñúgTwkrhUtdl;6Ex EtenAminTan;manlT§plGVIbnþicesaH. dl;éf¶TI20 Exmkra 304 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 31 ekaHhV‘½rm:Us cinehAfa étv:an; GñkRsukGayehAfa eb:kan. BYkhuløg;kan;kab;ekaHenH)anenAkñúgqñaM1634 k¾b:uEnþ dl;mkqñaM1661manecarsmuRTeQµaHkuksuIghÁaEdlCaédeCIgrbs;raCvgSmijdeNþImykvijeRkayBI)ankan;kab; mYyry³. manbnÞaysMxan;2 KWétv:an; b¤éhVy:Uv:an; nighÁaLg;daMg. eQµaHEdlBYkhuløg;ehAfa kuksuIghÁa tamemIl eTARbEhlKW ebvDij.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 305 qñaM1645 embBa¢akarhuløg;k¾seRmccitþnaMKñaecjk):al;eFVIdMeNIrbnþeTAkan;lEgVk. eTACitdl;kMBg; høÜgeTAehIy Rsab;EtmanelcB¤dMNwgfaeKkMBugRbmUlb£sSImkKrenAPñMeBj CamYynwgGavuFyuT§PNÐ epSg²eTot. embBa¢akark¾bBa¢a[eFVIdMeNIrcuHmkvij EtRtÚvTUktUc²CaeRcInsáat;vayenABak;kNþal pøÚv. k):al;huløg;)anvayrujRcanTUkTaMgGs;enaHecj)an EtRtÚvrgkar)aj;\tdac;BIelIeKakEfm eTot. yb;mkdl; k):al;)ane)aHyufáasRmaksin. dl;eBlRBwkEs¥keLIg eKBinitüeXIjmans<an mYyRbEvg120Em:Rt TTwg6Em:RtenAkat;TTwgTenø nigmankaMePøIgFM8edImerobteRmóbKñaenAelIRcaMg Tenøxaglic ÉxagekItTenøvijmanb:mmYykMBugsg;eLIgminTan;rYc. embBa¢akarhuløg;)anseRmcfa RtÚvEtvayebIkpøÚvecj ehIykarRbyuT§k¾cab;epþImeLIg. embBa¢akarenaH)anRtÚvRKab;dac;k,al)at; taMgEtBIcab;epþImRbyuT§Pøamemø:H ehIyxaghuløg;)an)at;bg;kmøaMgGs;120nak; k¾b:uEnþk):al;)anqøg putcUleTAkñúgTenøFM xageRkamPñMeBj enAevlaem:ag4resol ehIye)aHyufáasRmakenATIenaHeTA. Éksarhuløg;niyayfa enAkñúgkarRbyuT§KñaenaH xagExµr)anxUcxatkmøaMgrhUtdl;eTA1Ban;nak;. edayminGacTb;Tl;nwgkarvayRbharteTAeTot k):al;huløg; k¾eFVIdMeNIrcuHtamTenøbnþeTAeTot ehIyeTAdl;panr:agenAéf¶TI12Exkkáda.esþcnKrcam:,aEdlesssl;BIkarvatTIrbs;BYkGaNÑamenA eBlenaH )anTTYlsVaKmn_BYkhuløg; ehIyGnuBaØat[BYkenHeFVIBaNiC¢kmµenAtamkMBg;Eprbs;eK k¾b:uEnþ )anhamR)ammin[vayBYkB½rTuyehÁenAkñúgTwkdIeKeT.esþcnKrcam:,aenaH)anRbkasfaGakb,kiriya rbs;esþcc½nÞGuIR)ahIumKWCaGMeBIk,t; EtRBHGgÁ)anpþac;cMNgTak;TgCamYytaMgEtBIeBlEdlBjac½nÞ )aneFVIXatRBH]PeyaraC]T½y nigRBHGgÁnn; EdlCamitþPkþimkemø:H. kñúgeBlenaHmannavahuløg;mYy eRKÓgeToteQµaHeGT½lb:UElrecjminTan;putBITenø)asak;enAeLIyehIykMBugEtrgkarvayRbharBI T½BeCIgTwkkm<úCa EdldwknaMedayRBHraCapÞal;RBHGgÁ nigBYkB½rTuyehÁ m:aeL nigCb:un CaGñkbBa¢apg. navaenaHGacRTaMRTkarvayRbharenaH)any:agl¥ehIycuHputcUleTAkñúglMhsmuRTÉnavakm<úCak¾Elg h‘anedjtameTotEdr. )atavIy:a)anesñIsuMCMnYyGnþraKmn_BIesþcesom² )anbBa¢Únnava10eRKÓgmk k¾b:uEnþenAeBl mkdl;mat;BamTenøemKgÁmineXIjkgnavahuløg; navaesomTaMgGs;enaHk¾Rtlb;eTAvijGs;eTA enAkñúg ExkBaØa qñaM1645. b:unµanExeRkaymk RBHraCakm<úCa )anyl;RBmRbTansnþiPaB edayRTg;)an bBa¢ÚnraCTUteTAkan;)atavIy:a enAkñúgEx]sPa qñaM1646. mkExemsa qñaM1647 RTg;)anedaHElg BYkeQøIyswkEdlRTg;)ancab;BIk):al;GUr:g;ehS k¾b:uEnþbBaðalM)akenAEtmanbnþteTAeTot rhUtdl; Exkkáda qñaM1652 enAeBlEdlBYkhuløg;)ansMNUmBr[RBHraCabBa¢ÚnraCTUteTAcrcaseRmcCa
elIkcugeRkay. enAExkkáda qñaM1653 ]tþmesnIy_)atavIy:a)anCUndMNwgeTARBHraCakm<úCavijfaBYkhuløg;min Gacmke)aHTItaMgenAelITwkdIkm<úCaCamYynwgsRtÚvrbs;xøÜn)aneT elIkElgEtRBHGgÁbeNþjBYkenaH ecjsin. tamBitBYkhuløg;eBlenaHkMBugEtmans®gÁamCamYyBYkGg;eKøs EdleTIbEt)aneFVIXat esþcrbs;eK.RBHraCa)anRcansMeNIenaHehIykarcrca)anbnþrhUtdl;ExkkádaqñaM1656eTIbman cuHsn§isBaØamYyEdlminmanecaTRbkan;eTaskMhusGVIdl;RBHraCaGuIR)ahuIm eLIy ÉBYkhuløg;k¾min)an TTYlnUvkarsgswkGVIEdr Et)anTTYlplRbeyaCn_xagBaNiC¢kmµxøH EdlBYkeKminGacEfrkSakarBar )an 32 . mkdl;eBlenH KWkñúgqñaM1658 RBHraCaGuIR)ahuImesayraCü)an18qñaMehIy. eBlenaHman buRta2GgÁrbs;GtItRBH]PeyaraCRBH]T½yEdlBjac½nÞ-RBHGuIR)ahuIm)aneFVIXat KWBjasUr ¬Bja sUrenHeRkaymk)aneLIgesayraCümanRBHnamfaRBHbTumraCa¦manRBHCnµ26RBHvsSanigRBHGgÁ tn;manRBHCnµ18RBHvsSa)ancab;kan;GavuFbHe)arRbqaMgnwgRBHraCaeLIg.eBlenaHRBHeromrbs; kSRtaTaMg2 KWRBHGgÁÉm Edl)anrYcrs;ranmanCIvit edayRtÚvRBHvrraCmataykmkciBa©wmbI)ac;Ef rkSaehIymanzan³CaRBHEkvh‘Vamin)ancUlédcUleCIgCamYyeTEtEbrCakan;eCIgxagRBHraCaeTAvij. BjasUrnigRBHGgÁtn;)anRtÚvT½BRBHraCavay[braC½yk¾rt;eTARCkekannwgRBHmehsIemm:ay mansBa¢atiGaNÑamrbs;RBHC½yeCdæa EdlENnaM[kSRtTaMg2rt;eTAsuMCMnYyBIesþcGaNÑam. eBl enaHmanRbCaCnGaNÑamCaeRcInEdlCaCnGnafaCnrt;ecalCYrCnmaneTasEdlRtÚvbeNþjecjBI Rsuk nigCnepSg²eTot cUlmkrs;enAlayLMCamYyGñkRsukedImenAkñúgExRt)araC nigdugNay. eBleXIjkSRtExµrTaMg2GgÁrt;mkrkCMnYydUecñH esþcGaNÑam Kitfa»kasl¥mkdl; ehIykñúgkar deNþImykRbeTsenH. GñkRbvtþiviTUGaNÑameQµaH eRTÓg vijKW)ansresrfa RbeTskm<úCa manTenø 306 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 32 mans®gÁammYyekIteLIgenAkñúgqñaM1658-59. eBlenaHpÞHBaNiC¢kmµrbs;huløg; )anRtÚvBYkGaNÑamdutbMpøaj exÞcxÞI ehIymanBYkhuløg;CaeRcInnak; )anRtÚvcab;xøÜn nigsmøab;ecal. GñkEdleKcxøÜnrYc)anrt;eTARsukERs rYcbnþdMeNIr eTARsukesomeTIbqøgeTA)atavIy:a)anCamYynwgemrbs;eKmñak;eQµaHfaBIEyrEXTIjenAéf¶TI17ExsIhaqñaM1659. mancuHsn§isBaØamYyeTot enAkñúgéf¶TI1 ExkumÖ³ qñaM1665 CamYynwgRBHraCabTumraCa. BIEyXITIj)anTTYl karGnuBaØat[taMgGKarBaNiC¢kmµenAlEgVk k¾b:uEnþBYkhuløg;enAEtminGacsþarsßanPaBrbs;eKenAkm<úCa)an ebIeTaHbICa BYkB½rTuyehÁ m:aeL nigcam Elg)anTTYlnUvkareR)asRbNIeTotehIyk¾eday.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 307 FM² manédeRcIn dIERsk¾manCICatil¥ KYr[cg;)anNas;. RBHraCaGaNÑamk¾yl;RBmpþl;CMnYydl; kSRtTaMg233 ehIy)anbBa¢ÚnT½B2Ban;nak;dwknaMeday]tþmesnIy_CagFU[mkCYy.s®gÁamk¾cab;epþIm eLIg ehIyRBHGgÁÉm buRtaTI3rbs;RBH]PeyaraC EdlcUlédcUleCIgCamYynwgXatksmøab;RBH bita k¾RtÚvsuKteTAenAkñúgkarRbyuT§mYytameCIgTwkenA)araC. rIÉRBHraCavij RtÚvBYkGaNÑamcab; )anCamYynwgesnaGamatüehIydak;kñúgRTúgEdknaMykeTAkan;ExRtkVagb‘íjenACab;nwgRBMEdntugkwg. RTg;)ansuKtenATIenaHenAkñúgqñaM1659 kñúgRBHCnµayu 40RBHvsSa. ebIKiteTA RBHGgÁesayraCü )anRbEhlCa 18qñaM. BYkGaNÑam)anGHGagfa GñkeTasEdleKcab;)ankñúgs®gÁamenaH)anRtÚveKedaHElgmkkm<úCa vijEtenAeRkayeBlEdleK)ancuHsn§isBaØsnþiPaBmYy EdlbBa¢ak;c,as;faRbeTskm<úCanwgnaMyk sYysarGakreTAfVayesþcGaNÑamCaeTotTat; ehIyBYkRbCaCnGaNÑamEdlcUlmkrs;enAelI TwkdIRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa nwgTTYl)annUvsiT§ikmµsiT§ielIdIEdlxøÜnkan;kab; ehIynwgRtÚvcat;TukdUcCa GñkrdævasI b:ueNÑaH. kareRCótERCkrbs;BYkGaNÑamcUlmkkñúgerOgr:avrbs;km<úCa tamry³mhakSRtImanedIm kMeNItCaGaNÑamenH KWCaesckþIepþIménkarxusqÁgd¾EvgGnøay EdlnwgnaMmknUvkar)at;bg;TwkdIbnþic mþg² minxusBIkarlukluyratt,atBIsMNak;BYkesomb:unµaneT. ehtukarN_enH)anbeBa©j[eXIj nUvGVIEdlGacnwgekItmanPøam²Etmþg³eRkayBITTYlC½yCmñHehIym©as;karelIsPaBkarN_)anehIy ]tþmesnIy_GaNÑamk¾cab;sakl,gkemÞckSRtaExµrTaMg2GgÁ CabkSBYkPøamEdr. k¾b:uEnþ edayminGac eFVIGVI)anenAcMeBaHmuxRbeTsTaMgmUl NamYyRtÚvbraC½yenAkñúgkarRbyuT§CamYyT½Brbs;RBHGgÁxøHpg ]tþmesnIy_GaNÑamenaHRtÚvbgç¿citþvaydkfy rt;ecjBIkm<úCaeTAvij enAkñúgqñaM1659 edaynaMyk eTACamYynUvC½yPNÐCaeRcIneTApg. enAkñúgqñaMbnÞab;mk BYkesomEdlEtgEtKitfakm<úCaCacMNId¾q¶aj;Bisarbs;xøÜneTAGnaKt )an bBa¢ÚnraCTUtmYyeTAkan;raCvaMgEkcUenAhaNUy suMcgsm<½n§emRtIPaBRbqaMgnwgBYkegVógenAxagt,Úg 33 raCBgSavtarGaNÑam)anniyayfa kSRtaTaMg2GgÁ )anTUlfVayRBHraCaGaNÑamfa kSRtaTaMg2 suxcitþlHbg; raCsm,tþifVayRBHGgÁ [EtRBHGgÁCYysgswknwgRBHGgÁc½nÞ Edl)aneFVIXatbitakSRtaTaMg2. GñkRbvtþviTUExµr minÉkPaBnwgsMdIenHeT ehIymanRBHsgÇcas;mYyGgÁmansgÇdIkafa sUm,IEtRBHraCaEdlkMBugEtesayraCsm,tþi k¾minGacecHEtelIkRsukRbKl;[nrNa)antamcitþenaHeT.
¬Rkúgev:¦ EdlTIbEterIbRmHrYcBInwmRtÜtRtarbs;BYkGaNÑamxageCIg ehIy)anbgðaj[eXIjtamry³ GnþraKmn_elIkTI1xagelIfa cg;gakmkrkdeNþImykkm<úCaEdr. 12- RBHbTumraCaTI3-BjasUr ¬1659-1672¦ RBHbTumraCBjasUr CaraCbuRtac,grbs;RBH]PeyaraC EdlesþccUlsasnaCVa)aneFVIXat. RTg;)ansuMCMnYyBIGaNÑam EtRtÚvBYkenHRbúgnwgkemÞcecaleTAvij. namuWnsBVmuxm®nþI)anelIkRBHGgÁ [TTYlkargardwknaMRBHnKr. eBlenaHRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµ28RBHvsSaehIy34 . enAeBlenaHBYkcam nigm:aeL enAkñúgExRtt,ÚgXµúM EdlFøab;)anbHe)armþgrYcmkehIyenAkñúgqñaM 1599 minsb,aycitþnwgPaBRkLab;cak;eRkayBIRBHraCaGuIR)ahuIm)anRtÚveFVIXatEdleFVI[)at;bg; plRbeyaCn_xøÜnGs; k¾bHe)areLIgmþgeTot kñúgrvagqñaM1660. RBHraCa)andwknaMT½BpÞal;RBHGgÁ ecjeTAb®gáabBYkenH [braC½y rt;eKckat;ExRtkMBg;sVayrhUteTAdl;ExRtGgÁr EtRtÚvT½BRBHraCa tamedjvayRbharrhUt ehIytRmÚvcuHGnusBaØamYybgç¿[BYkem²rbs;BYkenaHePosxøÜneTArs;enAÉ RsukesomeTA. raCbuRtaTaMgGs;rbs;RBHraCaecalsasna KWRBHGgÁnI RBHGgÁ]T½y nigRBHGgÁGM k¾)annaMKñaeFVI dMeNIreTArs;enAÉRsukesomEdr CamYynwgRsIsñMRkmkarTaMgGs;rbs;raCvaMgmun manTaMgRBHsgÇpg srubTaMgGs; 2/224nak;. edayRtÚveFVI[FUrRsalBIsRtÚv-manBYkcamm:aeLnigraCbuRtrbs;GtItRBHmhakSRtnigbkS BYk RBHbTumraCaBjasUrk¾cab;kan;RBHx½nraCüeLIgKg;elIblø½gáraC TTYlRBHraCaPieskenAkñúgqñaM 1662 eRkamRBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcesþcRBHraC»gáarbrmraCaFiraCramaFibtIbrmbBiRt. enAkñúgqñaM1661 RTg;)anelIkRBHGnuC KWRBHGgÁtn; [eLIgCaTI]PeyaraC RbEhledIm,IbMEbk RBHGnuCecj[q¶ayBIraCblø½gá[ehIy ehIyRTg;)anTTYlRBHnagGgÁLI Cabgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYy eFVICa RBHGKÁmehsI manRBHnamfa semþcRBHPKvtIRBHcmkSRtIy_. enAkñúgExkkáda qñaM1661enaH manCn)araMgmñak;eQµaH lVIsWRvWy )aneFVIdMeNIrBIRsukesommk 308 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 34 manÉksarmYyniyayfa RBHGgÁCaRBHraCbuRtarbs;mehsImYyGgÁRBHnamfa nagsYs ehIyRTg;RbsURtenAkñúg qñaM1628. ÉksarmYyeTotfaRTg; RbsURtenAkñúgqñaM1631 cMENkÉksarEdl´manfaRbsURtqñaM1621 nigman RBHCnµ 38RBHvsSa enAeBlRTg;eLIgesayraCü.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 309 taMgTIenARtg;)asak; Ek,rsVayerog kñúgnamCasasnTUtrbs;RkúmnikaypSBVpSayCMenO ehIy)an begáItniKmkatUlikGaNÑammYyenATIenaH )anmYyry³. bIqñaMeRkaymk lVIsWRvWy )ant¥ÚjEt¥renAkñúg sarlixitmYyepJIeTARsuk)araMg faKat;minGacbBa©úHbBa©Úl[GñkRsukGayNamñak;bþÚrmkkan;sasna katUlik)aneT. enAeBlEdlKat;mkBjaB¤b:unµanqñaMeRkaymkeTot Kat;)aneXIjfa enATIenHmanGñk kan;sasnakatUlikRbEhl400nak; kñúgenaHmancRmúHBYkcin B½rTuyehÁ nigGaNÑam EdlKat;ehAfa CaBYkkUsaMgsuIn. enAqñaM1671 RBHRsIC½yeCdæa CaraCbuRtarbs;RBHbTumvgSaraCaEdlRtÚvRBHraCaecal sasnaeFVIXat ehIyk¾RtÚvCaRBHPaKienyürbs;RBHraCa nigCaRBHraCbuRtaéførbs;RBHraCapgEdr )ank,t;nwgRBHraCa ehIynaM[BYkebskCneFVIXatRBHraCaecaleTA. RBH]PeyaraCtn; nigRBHGgÁnUk¾rt;eKcxøÜneTAkUsaMgsuIn suMCMnYyBIBYkGaNÑam dUcEdlRBH ]PeyaraC nigRBHraCaeTIbsuKtFøab;)aneFVIrYcmþgmkehIykñúgqñaM1658. 13- RBH)aTC½yeCdæaTI3-FemµasurieyavgS ¬1672-1673¦ esþcenHCaraCbuRtrbs;RBHGgÁnn; nigRtÚvCaRBHraCntþarbs;RBH]PeyaraC]T½y Edl)anRtÚv eKeFVIXatenA]tþúgÁkalBIqñaM1642. RBHGgÁeTIbEt)anXubXiteFVIXatRBHraCamunrYcEdr rYcehIy )ancab;kan;GMNacPøam nig)an[eKerobcMGPieskRBHGgÁeRkamRBHnamfa RBHFemµasurieyavgSraCa FiraCbrmbBiRt. eBlenaHRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµayu33RBHvsSaehIy. RBHGgÁ)ancab;bgç¿RBHGKÁ mehsIrbs;RBHraCaEdlRTg;)aneFVIXatKWsemþcRBHPKvtIRBHcmkSRtIy_[TTYleFVICaRBHGKÁmehsI rbs;RBHGgÁEdr b:uEnþRBHcmkSRtIy_ )aneFVIkarsgswknwgRBHGgÁvij edaynaMBYkm:aeLCakUnecAEdl Føab;KaMRTRBHraCaGuIR)ahuIm [mkeFVIXatRBHraCa 5ExeRkayBIGPieskrYc. EtXatkmµenHmin)an RbKl;raCsm,tþieTA[RBHraCvgSrbs;RBHraCaecalsasnavijeT. 14- Gkñ GgCÁ y½ ¬1673-1674¦ RBHEkvh‘VaGñkGgÁC½y CaraCntþarbs;RBH]T½yeyamraCFM nigCaraCbuRtarbs;RBHraCabTum raCaGgÁsUr35 EdlmanRBHCnµayu21RBHvsSaehIy )anRtÚvnamuWnsBVmuxm®nþIelIk[eLIgkan;GMNac 35 RBHraCaGgÁenH)anRtÚvRBHraCamun KWRBHC½yeCdæa eFVIXatenAkñúgqñaM1672.
eRkamRBHnamfa semþcRBHEkvh‘Va KWfaCaRBHraCaEdlmin)anTTYlkarGPiesk. enAqñaMbnÞab;mkRBH]PeyaraCGgÁtn;nigRBHGgÁnn;Edl)anrt;ePosRBHkayeTARCkekannwgBYk GaNÑameRkayRBwtþikarN_manXatkmµeTAelIRBHraCabTumraCa )ancUllukluyRbeTsBIxagt,Úgmk niyayfaminEmnmkdeNþImGMNacGVIeT RKan;Etcg;sgswknwgRBHraCa EdlebItamBiteTA KµanmUlehtu GVInwgmksgswkesaH BIeRBaHfaGñkGgÁC½yenHminEmnCaraCvgSxagRBHraCaGuIR)ahuImÉNa. RBH]P eyaraC)annaMT½BGaNÑamy:agFMmkCamYyehIyeFVIs®gÁameBj1qñaM.RBHraCa)andwknaMT½BecjRbyuT§ nwgT½BRBH]PeyaraC ehIyRtÚvsuKtenAmuxkgT½BenaHeTA36. RTg;)anesayraCümin)an3qñaMpgeT. eBlenaH RBH]PeyaraCGgÁtn; EdlmanRBHCnµ51RBHvsSaehIy )anGaBaFehIysuKt eTAEdr. dUecñHenAsl;EtRBHGgÁnn;mYyGgÁÉgb:ueNÑaH. 15- ry³kalcenøaHraCü-RBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn; ¬1674-1675¦ esþcenHCabuRtarbs;RBHGgÁÉm Edl)anKaMRTRBHraCaecalsasnaRbqaMgnwgRBHGnuCTaMg2 Edl)anrt;eTAsuMCMnYyBIesþckUsaMgsuIn. RTg;)annaMRBHraCvgSmkKg;enAÉraCFanI]tþúgÁvij ehIyk¾ cab;kan;kab;GMNackñúgRBHnamfa semþcbTumraCa]PeyaraC KWRTg;minRKgraCüeT. manÉksarxøH niyayfa RTg;manRBHzan³CasemþcRBHEkvh‘Va. karEdlRTg;Rbkan;ykRBHzan³Ca RBH]PeyaraC enH KWedIm,I[RsbeTAnwgRBHraCbnÞÚlEdlRTg;)anRbkasBImunmkfa RTg;minEmnmkRbyuT§edIm,IraC blø½gáenaHeT KWedIm,IEtkarsgswkb:ueNÑaH. RBHGgÁnn;kan;GMNacmin)anTaMg5Expg RBHGgÁsUrEdlRtÚvCaraCbuRtrbs;RBHbTumraCa Edl suKteTA ehIyRtÚvCaRBHGnuCrbs;sBGñkGgÁC½y EdleBlenaHmanRBHCnµ18RBHvsSaehIy )an RbEmRbmUlkgT½BRbqaMgnwgRBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn;. RBHGgÁsUr)anTTYleCaKC½yl¥bgÁÜr eFVI[RBH]P eyaraCRTaMmin)ank¾rt;eKcxøÜneTAenAÉkUsaMgsuInEk,rPñMdWka¬Rtg;RBMRbTl;Ednkm<úCa-GaNÑambc©úb,nñ¦ enAR)aMtmøwg. bnþiceRkaymkraCvgSanuvgSrbs;RBHGgÁ kñúgenaHmanRsIsñMmñak;EdlmanedImkMeNItCa cin )annaMKñart;mkrs;enACamYyRBHGgÁEdr. 310 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 36 manÉksarmYyeTotniyayfaRTg;RtÚvbraC½y k¾ePosRBHGgÁeTAKg;enAÉRsukR)aMdMLwg kñúgExRtsMeragTg ehIy suKtenATIenaHedaysarCMgW.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 311 16- RBHC½yeCdæaTI4-RBHGgÁsUr rC¢kalTI1 ¬1675-1688¦ RBHGgÁsUreBlenaH manRBHCnµ19RBHvsSaehIy. kalBIqñaMknøgeTA RTg;)anTamTaryk GMNacEdlRBHGgÁRtÚvTTYlbnþBIRBHGgÁC½yCaRBHerom Edl)ansuKtenAkñúgkarRbyuT§CamYynwgRBH GgÁtn;nigRBHGgÁnn;.enAeBlEdlRBHGgÁnn;rt;ePosRBHkayeTAenAÉkUsaMgsuInRBHGgÁsUrk¾cUlkan; GMNacenAkñúgqñaM1675ehIy)an[eKGPieskRBHGgÁenAraCFanI]tþúgÁeRkamRBHnamfasemþcRBHC½y eCdæabrmsuri®nÞFiraC. RTg;)anelIkGñkRBHGgÁnn; Cabgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYy[eLIgCaRBH]PeyaraC. enAkñúgqñaMbnÞab; RBHraCa)anyagmkKg;enARTnMRCwgkñúgExRtsMeragTg ehIy)anbBa¢a[eKsg; raCvaMgmYyfVay. enAsm½yenaH RbEhlCakñúgrvagqñaM1680 man]tþmesnIy_cinmñak;xagraCvgSmijeQµaHfa DYgg:anDIc eRkayBIc,aMgcaj;kgT½Brbs;xaghuI -GñkksagsnþtivgSfaj;- )annaMT½BEdlenAsl;cuH sMeBA200 eFVIdMeNIrmkGaNÑam. b:uEnþxül;BüúHbk;e)aklicsMeBAGs; sl;EtsMeBA50 nigT½B3Ban; nak;b:ueNÑaHEdlGaceLIgeKak)ank¾naMKñamksuMcuHcUlnwgesþcGaNÑamenAnwgTUr:anEtmþgehIysMNUmBr suMdIFøIedIm,Irs;enA. esþcGaNÑammincg;rkSaBYkbreTs3Ban;nak;enH[enACitxøÜnRBHGgÁeT k¾bBa¢Ún[mk rs;enAkñúgkm<úCavijedayfVaydMNwgdl;RBHC½yeCdæa)anRCabpgEdrKW[enAExRt)araCnigdugNay EdlmanBYkGenþaRbevsn_GaNÑamcUlmkrs;enAeRcInbgÁÜrrYceTAehIy ehIy)ancat;Tukfa enHKWCaTwkdI EdlxøÜndeNþIm)an. ]tþmesnIy_DYgg:anDIc minsb,aycitþnwgTwkdIEdleK)aneFVIsm,Tan[rs;enAeT k¾naMT½BBak;kNþaleTArs;enAÉmIfvijTuk[embBa¢akarrgeQµaHRtan;rs;enAnwg)araCCamYynwgT½BBak; kNþaleTot. BYkcinTaMgGs;enHRtÚvr:UvKñaCamYynwgBYkGaNÑamNas; eRBaHCaGñkmkBIeRkAdUcKña b:uEnþminsUv RtÚvKñaCamYyBYkExµreTCaBiessCamYyGaCJaFrExµrEdlRKb;RKgTwkdIkñúgnamRBHraCakm<úCa.mü:ageTot BYkenHcUlcitþbgáclacly:agxøaMg mincUlcitþeFVIkargar ehIymincg;eKarBc,ab;Tmøab;rbs;RBHraCaNa cRkelIsBIBYkGaNÑameTAeTot.eKrs;enACakgminEmnCaGñkRsuksmeTAtamGtßn½yrbs;BaküenHeT ehIyhak;dUcCacUlcitþnwgkareFVIs®gÁamCaCagrs;enAkñúgsnþiPaBdUcenAkm<úCaenH. KWedayehtuenHehIy)anCaenAeBlEdlRBHGgÁnn;Føak;ecjBIGMNac RTg;)anseRmcRBHT½y cab;epþImeFVIkarRbyuT§tbteTAnwgRBHGgÁsUreLIgvijenAkñúgqñaM1682 ebIeTaHbIfaRBHGgÁsUr Føab;)an elIkRTg;[eLIgCaTI]PeyaraCehIyk¾eday k¾RBHGgÁnn;)anmkTak;TgnwgBYkcinxagelIenH Edlman emkgeQµaHfa )agkn [eFVICasñÚlénkgT½BmYyd¾rwgmaMEdr. RBHGgÁ)anTTYlykBYkcam EdlkMBugEt
rt;eKcxøÜnBIRsukeTsmk [cUlkñúgkgT½Brbs;RBHGgÁEfmeTot. bnÞab;mkRTg;k¾cab;vaydeNþImyk ExRt)asak; RBHRtBaMg PñMeBj nig]tþúugÁ. RBHC½yeCdæaRBHGgÁsUr eBlenaHmin)anKitfanwgmanekIts®gÁamdUecñaHeT emø:aHehIyKµanRbúg eRbóbGVInwgTb;Tl;eLIy. enAeBlEdlkgT½Brbs;RBHGgÁnn;eFVIdMeNIrecjBIPñMeBj EdlkalenaHman eQµaHfa ctumµúxmk RTg;k¾ePosRBHkayeTAKg;enAÉRTnMRCwgkñúgExRtsMeragTg EdlRTg;)ancat;[eK sg;RBHraCdMNak;mYyfVayBImunrYcehIy. bnþiceRkaymkeTIbRTg;yagecjBIRTnMRCwgmkvijCamYy nwgT½BmYykgEdlRTg;ekNÐ)anBIbNþaExRtenAtMbn;enaH rYmCamYyT½BCMnYyrbs;esommYykg Edl esþcesom)anbBa¢Ún[mkCYy. T½Brbs;RBHGgÁ)anvayT½BRBH]PeyaraC[braC½y BYkcinrt;ecal Gs; RBH]PeyaraCk¾eKcxøÜnRBHGgÁeTAKg;enAÉekaHetg ¬KWekaHKULavyagsBVéf¶¦ ehIylakxøÜnenATI enaHeTA enAqñaM1684. RBHraCak¾yagRtlb;BIRTnMRCwg mkKg;enA]tþúgÁvij ¬qñaM1685¦. kñúgeBlenaH RBH]PeyaraC k¾)anyagmkKg;enAkñúgExRtRsIsn§r ehIy)an[eKsg;bnÞaykarBarmYyenATIenaH. enAkñúgqñaMbnÞab;mkeTot RBH]PeyaraC )anTTYlT½BesommYykgBIRBHraCaGyuFüa EdlEtgEt cg;dutePøIgs®gÁamsuIvil[eqHeralralenAkm<úCa T½BenaHmktameCIgeKakpg nigtameCIgTwkpg. RTg;)anRbmUlT½Bcin nigT½BExµrrbs;RBHGgÁbBa©ÚlCamYyKña rYc)ancab;ebIkkarRbyuT§CafµI vaysRmúk mkdl;PñMeBjenAedImqñaM1684. RBHraCaC½yeCdæaGgÁsUr)andwknaMT½BecjeTARbyuT§ Tb;Tl; vayT½B RBH]PeyaraC[braC½y bgç¿[RBH]PeyaraCdkfyeTARsIsn§rEdlraCBgSavtar 2c,ab;enAEtehA RsIsQrtameQµaHedImdEdl.eRkaybraC½yenHRBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn;)anbBa¢ÚnraCTUteTAsuMCMnYy bEnßmBIesþcesom. KWraCTUtrbs;RBHGgÁnn;enHÉg EdlBYkraCTUtrbs;esþc lVI TI14 )anCYbenA GyuFüakñúgqñaM1685 ehIyniyayfamanEtRBHPaKienyürbs;RBH]PeyaraCmYyGgÁeTkñúgcMeNam BYkbreTsTaMgGs; EdlmansiT§iTTYlRBHraCsgðamas. elak dWsUm:ug )anniyayfa rC¢TayaTkm<úCa mYyGgÁEdl)anePosRBHGgÁmkKg;enARsukesom )ansMNUmBresþcesom[CYyRBHGgÁ)anKg;elI raCblø½gávij ehIyelak)anbEnßmeTotfa esom)aneFVIGnþraKmn_rYcmkehIykalBIeBlfµI²enH. enAkñúgqñaM1687 RBHraCaC½yeCdæaGgÁsUr )anCasHes,IyBICMgWGutFMEdlesÞIrEteFVI[RBHGgÁ kS½yRBHCnµ. RTg;)andak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHmata edIm,IyagsagpñÜs7éf¶ labMNn;Edl)anbn;Rsn; enAeBlRTg;GaBaF. enAqñaM1688 semþcecABjakn nigcinmñak;eQµaHfa tagcugs‘a ÉksarmYyeTotfaeQµaH kan 312 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 313 cugG‘a manbMNgTmøak;RBHraCaBIraCblø½gá k¾naMKñaeTARsIsn§rsuMT½B nigGavuFyuT§PNÐBIRBH]PeyaraC rYcnaMKñamkQreCIgenAPñMeBj.BYkenHehobEtnwgecjdMeNIreTA]tþúgÁeTAehIyRsab;EtT½BRBHraCamk dl;mun ehIyebIkkarRbyuT§mkelI eFVI[BYkenHPJak;xøÜnP½yrt;eKcGs;eTAedayecalGavuF nigsMeBA 2 eRKÓgenAelIsmrPUmi. kµÜyRsImñak;rbs;semþcBjakneQµaH GñkGgÁGI EdlenAkñúgsMeBAmYy k¾RtÚv RBHraCacab;)anCaeQøIy ehIyTTYlykeFVICaRBHCayab:unµanExeRkaymk. enAkñúgqñaMenaH eRkayBIRTg;kan;GMNacGs;eBl14qñaM RBHraCak¾bgÁab;[eKerobcMGPiesk RBHGgÁeRkamRBHnamfa semþcRBHC½yeCdæabremasurinÞraCaFiraCrama. ehIyenAkñúgqñaMdEdl RBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn; eRkayBImin)anTTYlCMnYyGVIBIBYkesom RBHGgÁk¾ yageTAkan;kUsaMgsuIn ¬GtItnKrcam:,a¦ edIm,IsuMCMnYyBIesþch‘anevOg37 )anT½B2muWnnak;bBa¢aeday ]tþmesnIy_GaNÑameQµaH GugFanXYn nigGugFummU. RTg;)andwknaMT½BenHrhUtmkdl;raCFanI]tþúgÁ. T½BGaNÑamrbs;RBH]PeyaraCvaydeNþImykraCFanI)an rYcehIy)anekorGñkRsukkMBg;høÜg nigbnÞayelIykmkdak;enAeRCaycgVaBImuxPñMeBj. semþcRBHTavCaRBHmatucäarbs;RBHraCa RBHCnµ 15RBHvsSak¾sßitenAkñúgcMeNamGñkRsukTaMgenaHEdr.cMENkÉRBHraCaC½yeCdæa)aneKcRBHGgÁeTA ÉRsukR)aMtmøwg rYcehIy)ancat;[ecABjaPkþIs®gÁamsYstammkrkRBHmatucäaykeTAvij. RTg;)an RbTancieBa©ónmYyvg;edIm,I[semþcRBHTaveCOTukcitþ rYcehIyecABjaPkþI k¾ecjdMeNIrmkCamYyGñk beRmImñak;eQµaH GaeKa enAéf¶GaTitüeBjbUN’ExplÁúN ¬cugExkumÖ³¦. mkdl;sÞwg]kj:ahøÜg eBl RBlb; ecABjaPkþI k¾EhlTwkqøgkat;eTAeRCaycgVa cUlKal;RBHkSRtIbgðajRBHTRmg; ehIyyag RBHnagmkPøamEtmþg. ecABjaPkþIdak;RBHkSRtIenAelIsµa rYcEhlTwkqøgTenømkvij ÉGaeKak¾Ehl cmøgPIelogRBHnagmkEdr.Ehlmkdl;eRtIymçagecABjaPkþIeFVIGRgwgEsgRBHkSRtIrYcecjdMeNIr bnþeTotedaymin[nrNaeXIjTan;.mkdl;TMnb;RBHeTBrYcmkdl;lMhacCakEnøgEdlRBHraCaRTg;rg; caMRBHmatucäa nigesnaGg;Gackøahan CamYynwgesnaEhhmmYykg nigdMrICaeRcIn. RBHkSRtIyagKg; elIdMrImYyk,alrhUtmkdl;R)aMtmøwg. eBlRTg;RCabGMBIkar)at;xøÜnrbs;semþcTav RBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn;)ancat;[T½BGaNÑam 5Ban; nak;eFVIdMeNIredjtam. T½BGaNÑammkCYbCamYyT½Brbs;RBHraCa EdldwknaMedayecABjaPkþIs®gÁam 37 esþcGaNÑamenH suKtenAkñúgqñaM1688.
enARtg;valhug k¾RtÚvT½BRBHraCavay[braC½yrt;Rtlb;eTAeRCaycgVavij. eXIjT½BGaNÑam)ak;rt; KµansNþab;Fñab;dUecñHT½BRBHraCak¾edjtamvayrhUtrYcqøgk,ÚneLIgvayyk)anbnÞayeRCaycgVa. eBlenaHT½BGaNÑamPitP½yxøaMgNas; Ebk)ak;x©at;x©ay rt;naMemekayrbs;eK nigRBH]Peya raC ykeTAdl;kUsaMgsuInvijedaylM)ak. GñkRsuk]tþúgÁ nigkMBg;Elgk¾vilRtlb;BIeRCaycgVamk TIlMenAerog²xøÜnvij. eBlenaHsemþcTavkSRtI)anesñIsuMRBHraCa[yagCamYyRBHnag sadanRtlb;tampøÚv EdlRBH nagrt;eKcCamYyecABjaPkþI edIm,IBinitüemIlTIkEnøgEdlRBHGgÁ)anQb;sRmaklak;xøÜn rYcRTg;)an[ eKsg;vtþGaramTukCaGnusSavrIy_. vtþTI1KWvtþkanLal sg;enAelITYlR)aMtmøwg CaTIkEnøgEdlRBHra Ca)annaMRBHnageTAdl;eRkayBIeKcRBHGgÁrYcmk. edayyagbnþmkeTotQb;emIlRKb;TIkEnøgEdl)anQb;sRmakrhUtmkdl;éRBBYnCaTIkEnøg EdlRBHkSRtIRtÚvBYnlak;xøÜn kuM[BYkGñkEdltammkrkRBHnageXIj. RBHraCa eRkayBIRBHsNþab; dMeNIrerOgeXIjfaRBHnageKcputBIeRKaHfñak;edayGBÖÚtehtuRTg;k¾bBa¢a[ksagvtþmYyenATIenaH.RTg; )anelIkecABjaPuk[eLIgCaTI]kj:aFmµa rYcRbKl;Parkic©[sagsg;vtþenH nigCIkRsHTwkFMmYypg. enAeBlenaH manelcBaküccamGaramminl¥cMeBaHRBHraCa nigRBHkSRtI BaseBjRBHraCa NacRkedayecaTfaehtuEtRBHraCaykRBHT½yTukdak;nwgRBHmatucäaekµgy:agenHBIeRBaHRBHnag)an shaysµn;CamYyRBHraCa. RBHkSRtI EdlkMBugEtRKgRBHB®sþatamrebobGñkRsuk RTg;xJal;xøaMg Nas; ehIy)aneCrRbeTcpþasatbteTAGñkEdl)anniyayRbharRBHnagvijfa ³ {GñkNak¾eday eTaHCam®nþIfñak;Nak¾edayb¤k¾CaRbCara®sþk¾edayEdl)ansgS½ymkelIrUb´niyayminl¥BIGtItkal rbs;´ sUm[GñkTaMgGs;enaHsøab;eTAehIyFøak;cuHnrkd¾EsneRCA kuM[RBHBuT§elakeR)as)an}. - ry³kalcenaø HraCü ¬1688¦ vtþéRBBYnksagrYck¾erobcMBiFIbBa©úHsIma BiFIenaH)aneFVI[RBHraCaRTg;nwkeXIjkalRKgcIvr 7éf¶eRkammøb;RBHrtnRt½y RTg;k¾seRmcRBHT½ye)aHbg;raCsm,tþisagRBHpñÜsmþgeTot. RBHGgÁ )andak;raCsm,tþifVayecABjay:g RtÚvCaecAkµÜy RBHCnµ22RBHvsSa EdlbYsCaPikçú ÉRBHkSRtI k¾bYsCadUnCI kñúgvtþéRBBYnenaHEdr. kSRtTaMg2GgÁKg;enAkñúgvtþenHRbEhlCa3Ex rhUtdl;ecjvsSa eTIbcaklasikçabTmkvij. RBHraCa)anykGMNacmkkan;CafµI ÉRBHkSRtI)aneLIgCaRBHkSRtIÉkenAkñúgRBHraCvaMg. 314 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 315 18- RBHC½yeCdæa rC¢kalTI2 ¬1688¦ eRkayBIlacaksikçabT RBHraCa nigRBHvrraCmatucäa)anecjRBHraCbBa¢a[eKksagvtþfµImYy eTotenAkñúgExRtsMeragTgRtg;kEnøgEdleBlkMBugrt;eKcBIsRtÚvsñMRBHnageQµaHnagGM)anfVaypáa dl;RBHnagenAeRkammøb;edImRCwg. vtþenaHmaneQµaHfa vtþGURCwg. enATIbBa©b; RBHraCa)an[eKsg;vtþmYyeTotenAeKakcMbk; Rtg;kEnøgmYyEdlGVI²TaMgGs; enACuM vijRBHraCakMBugEtrMeCIbrMCYl GñkTaMgGs;KñakMBugEtP½yxøac RBHraCaTteXIjemeKamYyk,albMe)AkUn eFVIvahI CaehtueFVI[RBHGgÁmanesckþIkøahaneLIgvij. vtþenaHmaneQµaHfa vtþemeKabMe)AkUn. bnÞab;mk RBHraCa)an[eKsg;dMNak;mYyenAEk,rvtþcugeRkayenH rYcehIyRTg;k¾cab;erobcM rcnasm<½n§rdæ)alrbs;RBHraCaNacRkeLIgvij RbTanrgVan;dl;GñkTaMgLayNaEdlFøab;tamdEgð RBHGgÁedayesµaHsµ½RK. RTg;)ancat;taMgctusþmÖ KW]kj:aeyamraC ]kj:avaMg ]kj:aRkLaeham nig ]kj:acRkIeLIgvij bnÞab;mkmanraCeteCa nigmhatlikeqVgsþaMKWmhaeTB nigmham®nþI. RBHraCak¾)ancat;taMgpgEdr nUvm®nþI5rUbsRmab;tambeRmIsemþcRBHTavCaRBHmatucäa kñúgenaH maneQµaH sYs CaGñk)anCYyse®gÁaHRBHkSRtI Edlmanzan³CaRkLaBas ehIydMeLIg[eTACafñak; semþcecABja TTYl)anPUmi9 rYmTaMg´ nigGñkRsuk Edlrs;enAkñúgPUmienaHTaMgGs;38CakmµsiT§i. m®nþI2rUb KWGñk GIum Edl)ancab;kan;GavuFmuneK nigecAéClI Edl)anbgákarlM)akCaeRcIn dl; RBHraCaNacRkRtÚvdak;eTasRbharCIvitbg;mñak;edayRCmuCkñúgTwkRsHmñak;eTotRCmuCkñúgTwkERBk. bnÞab;BIpþl;yutþiFm’rYc RBHraCa)anyagRtlb;vilmkKg;enAÉ]tþúgÁ CaRBHraCFanIvij. eBlenaHenAÉExRtRsIsn§rmanraCvgS2GgÁKWRBHGgÁGñkc½nÞnigRBHGgÁGñkGukEdlCamitþPkþirbs; GtItRBH]PeyaraC)andwknaMGñkRsuk[bHe)areLIgehIynaMKñaeFVIdMeNIreTAkan;ExRtéRBEvgCaTIkEnøg EdlBYkkan;sasnakatUlikrs;enA BYkenHBImundwknaMedayelak«Buk sWRvWy. RBHraCa)anbBa¢a[semþc RBHRseLAdwknaMT½BeTAb®gáabBYkenaHcab;raCvgSTaMg2)anehIyeFVIXatecalenAnwgeRCaybenøórYcRTg; )anEbgEckPUmiTaMg9CakmµsiT§irbs;raCvgSTaMg2[eTAsemþcBjaRseLA nigraCvgSepSg²eTot39 . 38 PUmiTaMg9enaHmanenArhUtdl;sBVéf¶ enAxaglicPñMeBj BIeRkaybwg. mü:ageTot ecABjasYs mansl;kUnecA rs;enAdl;sBVéf¶enHEdr. 39 karelIkGMBIPUmicMnYn9CakmµsiT§irbs;raCvgSmYyGgÁenH k¾dUcCakarbBa¢ak;xagelIGMBIecABjasYsTTYl)anPUmi9 Edr hak;dUcCabgðaj[eXIjfaenAsm½yenaHRBHraCa;RbTanrgVan;dl;GñkEdltambeRmIRBHGgÁedayRbKl;PUmimYycMnYn[.
karbHe)arxagelIenHmanry³eBlRbEhlCa3Ex. eRkayRBwtþikarN_enH RBHraCa)anyag ecjBIraCFanI]tþúgÁ mkKg;enAÉkMBg;RksaMg Rtg;TYlRBHRsIvij. enATYlRksaMgenHRBHGgÁ)ancat; taMgKN³rdæm®nþI edayrab;bBa©ÚlTaMgbuerahit/ ecARkmCan;x<s;/ ecAhVayXøaMgTaMg4 nigecAhVayRsuk TaMg10fñak;. KWenAkñúgPUmiTYlRksaMgenHÉgEdlGaeKa ´rbs;BjaPkþIs®gÁam)anerobGaBah_BiBah_ CamYynagGM PIelogEdl)anfVaypáamYyTgdl;RBHTav ehIyRtÚv)anelIk[eFVICaecAhVayExRt eKakesHeLIg40 . manbBaðamYyFMCagbBaðaGaBah_BiBah_enaHeTAeTot EdleFVI[KN³rdæm®nþIQWk,al KWbBaðapøas; bþÚrraCFanI. eRkayBI)ansaksYrTIRbwkSa ehara nigRBHsgÇraCrYcmk eKseRmcfaraCFanITYlRksaMg enH manRbCaCneRcIn ceg¥ótNas; KYrdUrraCFanIeTAdak;enAÉbwgk,invij. karpøas;bþÚrraCFanIenHRbRBwtþeTAenAqñaMbnÞab; ehIyraCFanIfµImaneQµaHfa dMNak;. mankarbHe)armYyeTotekIteLIgeFVI[sPaBkarN_kñúgRBHraCaNacRkPaKxagt,Úgl¥k;kkr bnþic. enaHKWkarbHe)arrbs;BYkcinenAmIf eRkamkarGuCGalrbs;eQµaH hiujtaM CaCMnYykarmñak; rbs;]tþmesnIy_dYgg:an;DIc. BYkbHe)ar)ansmøab;dYgg:an;DIc rYcehIyelIkhuijtaM[eFVIem nigRb kasTwkdImþúMenaHCakSRtRbeTsmYyÉkraC. BYkbHe)ar)ansøEdkcak;eFVIkaMePøIgFM nigekNÐ)anTUk kþar)anCaeRcIn. eKbiTpøÚvcracr begáItKyyaml,at ehIyXat;BYkExµr[bg;R)ak;elaH. RBHraCakm<úCaeQVgyl;fa BYkcinenHnwgmkvayRbharRBHraCaNacRkenAéf¶NamYyCaminxan eTIbRTg;bBa¢a[eKsg;kMEBgkarBarenAPñMeBjenA)ak;NamnigenAeKab‘ÍcrYcehIy)an[eKeFVIFñs;biTTenø enARtg;)aNam edaycgk,ÚnnwgRcvak;maM². RBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn; eBlenaHRTg;Kg;enAÉéRBnKr. RTg;manBiPal;xøaMgNas;nwgkarbHe)ar rbs;BYkcinenH EdlKµansm<½n§PaBGVICamYyRBHGgÁeT k¾sMNUmBrsMuCMnYyBIBYkGaNÑam. eBlenaH BYk GaNÑam RbúgeRbóbEtnwgRbkass®gÁamCamYykm<úCaeTAehIy )anehAhuijtaM[mkcuHcUlnwgxøÜnrYc[ dwkT½BedIrmux. huijtaMeBlenaHrIkrayNas;nwg)anRtÚveKTTYlsÁal; cat;TukdUcCaesþc k¾cab;ecj dMeNIr ehIyFøak;cUlkñúgGnÞak;rbs;BYkGaNÑam EdlmanTUksMeBAeRcInelIslb;B½T§CitCuM. hiujtaM k¾ RtÚvBYkGaNÑamcab;)an rYcsmøab;ecaleTA ÉbnÞayTaMgLayk¾RtÚveKbMpøajecalKµansl;. GaNa niKmcinenAmIfk¾RtÚv)aneKRbKl;[Gug):agcinenA)araCeQµaH Rtan; kan;kab;RKb;RKgvij. 316 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 40 emOgeKakesHenHenAkñúgExRt)arayN_ edaymanvtþ)arayN_enAcMkNþal.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 317 T½BGaNÑam eRkayBI)ankemÞcT½BBYkbHe)arcinenA mIf rYcehIy min)anQb;enAesomeT. eK)anbnþdMeNIrmkvaydeNþImykPñMeBjeTot rhUtTal;Et)an. RBHraCakm<úCa)anePosRBHkaymkKg;enAÉkMBg;høÜg elIRcaMgxagsþaMTenøsab Rtwm]tþúgÁ rYcRTg; )anepJITUtmksuMcrcasnþiPaB. b:unµanéf¶eRkaymksn§isBaØasnþiPaBrvagkm<úCa nigGaNÑam k¾)anRtÚvcuH htßelxaCafµI edaykMNt;[km<úCaelIksYysarGakrfVayRBHraCaGaNÑam Caerogral;qñaM. mankarniTant²Kñafa k,Ünc,ab;epSg²rbs;RBHraCaNacRk)anRtÚvx©at;x©ayr):at;r):ay)at; Gs;CamYynwgkar)ak;EbklEgVkkalBIqñaM1593 eFVI[BYkecARkmmankarlM)akNas;kñúgkarkat; esckþI eRBaHKµanGVICasMGag kat;esckþIeTAtamEtkarcgcaMb:ueNÑaH. RBHraCamun²)anbBa¢a[xitxM RbEmRbmUlk,Ünc,ab;TaMgGs; BItambNþaExRt nigvtþGaram eLIgvijEdr ehIyeKRbmUl)anmkvij CaeRcIn k¾b:uEnþk,Ünc,ab;TaMgGs;enaHminRtÚvKñaeT mYycMnYnERbxusc,ab;edImedaykarcmøgt²Kñamk. edayBinitüeXIjdUecñH RBHraCa)anecjbBa¢a[RbmUlk,Ünc,ab;TaMgGs;ykmksikSaeRbóbeFobKña emIl ehIyebIcaM)ac;RTg;[eFVIviesaFnkmµ. RTg;)anbnÞúkbNþak;[GñkR)aCJbNÐit6rUbeFVIkaresIerI Binitüc,ab;TaMg12k,aleLIgvij. BYkGñkR)aCJbNÐit)aneFVIkargarenHseRmckñúgry³eBl5qñaM rYcehIyRBHC½yeCdæak¾Rbkas[eRbI. manesssl;c,ab;enHrhUtmkdl;sBVéf¶cMnYn2c,ab;EdlmanPsþuútagbBa¢ak;GMBIkaresIerIBinitü eLIgvijenHKWRkmecareroberogtaMgBIqñaM983énculøskraCRtÚvnwgRKisþskraC1621nigRkmsuPa FibtIeroberogBIqñaM980énculøskraCRtÚvnwgRKisþskraC1618.c,ab;epSg²eTotEdlemIleTA RbEhlCaeroberogeLIgkñúgsm½ykalenaHEdr b:uEnþminmanbBa¢ak;eQµaHRBHraCa b¤kalbriecäTc,as; las; KWRbEhlCaRtÚv)aneKesIerIBinitüeLIgvijCaeRcIndg41 . RkmecarmanesckþIbBa¢ak;[eXIjc,as;GMBIRBHraCbBa¢a[esIerIBinitüeLIgvij ³ {RBHraCaC½yeCdæa EdlesayraCüenAraCFanI]tþúgÁ manRBHT½ysenþasRtaRbNIdl;ra®sþrbs;RBHGgÁ. RBHGgÁeQVgyl; faTNÐkmµEdldak;eTAelIBYk]Rkidæfñak;elx1enaHmansPaBF¶n;F¶réRBépSxøaMgeBkNas;RTg;manRBHT½y cg;[lubecjvij. edayehtuenH RTg;)anbBa¢a[ykTNÐkmµEdl)ankMNt;[dak;elI]Rkidækmµfñak; elx2 mkdak;elI]Rkidækmµfñak;elx1 ehIyykTNÐkmµsRmab;]Rkidækmµfñak;elx3 mkdak;elI]Rkidækmµ fñak;elx2vij.l.} esckþIRtg;enHmann½yfa lubbM)at;TNÐkmµRbharCIvitbg;. eyIg)aneXIjBI 41 dUcCaRkmRsuk CaRbePTc,ab;rdæFmµnuBaØmYyEbb EdleKeRcInehAfa RkmRsukC½yeCdæa.
xagelIrYcmkehIyfamanesþclavmYyGgÁ KW hVaegam k¾)anbBa¢a[lubTNÐkmµenHecalEdr edayRTg; Bnül;faeKminRtÚvsmøab;mnusSEdl)ansmøab;eKenaHeTeRBaHvanwgeFVI[manmrNPaBmYyEfmeTot. eRkaymk manc,ab;mYyeTot)anEkc,ab;RBHC½yeCdæa edayERbdak;[maneTasRbharCIviteLIg vij. c,ab;enaHeroberogeLIgenAkñúgqñaM1660. ´eCOfac,ab;qñaM1621minRtÚv)aneKeKarBtamb:unµan eT ebIy:agehacNas;k¾kñúgkarGnuvtþn_Edr. Cak;EsþgKWmanerOgr:avTak;TgeTAnwg semþcRBHTavkSRtI EdlmanelIkeLIgenAkñúgc,ab;TMenomBIburaN kñúgenaHmanniyayGMBIkrNImnusSCaeRcIn EdlRtÚv RbharCIvitedaykat;k,al42 . eTaHCay:agNakþI RbEhlCa70qñaMeRkaymk KWenAkñúgqñaM1690 RBHC½yeCdæaEdleyIgkMBug EtsikSaenH RTg;)anbBa¢a[eKBinitüc,ab;qñaM1621TaMg12c,ab;eLIgvij rYc)anRbTannam[fa c,ab; RBHC½yeCdæa b:uEnþ[dak;kalbriecäTRtwmqñaM1675 CaqñaMEdlRBHGgÁeLIgesayraCü. enAkñúgqñaM1681KW1qñaMbnÞab;BIc,ab;TaMgLay)anRtÚvRbkas[eRbIrYcehIyRBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn; )anyagRtlb;cUlmkkñúgRsukExµrvij ehIyk¾suKteTAenARsIsn§r. eBlenaHRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµ37 RBHvsSa nigkan;GMNac)an1qñaM ehIykarbHe)arrbs;RBHGgÁmanry³eBlBI15eTA16qñaM. eBlenaH RBHraCaRTg;Kg;enAÉbwgk,in. minyUrb:unµaneRkaymk RTg;)anyagRtlb;mkKg;enAÉ]tþúgÁvij. raCBgSavtar)anerobrab;fa enAkñúgqñaM1692 RBHraCvgSanuvgSrbs;RBHraCanKrcam:,a)annaM Kñayagmkdl;RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa edaymanTaMgesnaEhhm5Ban;nak;mkCamYypg edIm,IsuMRCk ekanCamYyRBHraCakm<úCa. RBHC½yeCdæa )anRbTandIFøI nigGnuBaØat[BYkenaHrs;enACitlEgVk. mYyqñaMbnÞab;mkeTot c,ab;GyüekaTak;TineTAnwgsßansRmaleTas )anRtÚvRbkas[eRbI. ehIyc,ab;mnÞIrrdæ)al KWc,ab;Tak;Tgnwg {kgrkSaRBHGgÁ} EdlminEmnCac,ab;eyIgmansBVéf¶ EtCa c,ab;mYycas;Cag EdleK)aneFVIviesaFnkmµCac,ab;fµIenH k¾RtÚv)anRbkas[eRbIpgEdr. tamc,ab; enH GñkRsukminRtÚvcgRtedakeKaeTenAeBlbrreTHkat;raCFanI minRtÚv)aMgq½RteBlCiHreTH minRtÚv eRkóveKaminRtÚvkab;smøab;eKayksac;briePaKeTreTHk¾min[labBN’eqIt²cenÞalreTHmin[dak;cgá¿ BN’masEdr. 318 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 42 ´sUmelIkerOgmYyKWenAkñúgeBlEdlelaksUm:ugCaraCTUtrbs;esþclVITI14GeBa¢Ijmkdl;raCvaMgesomenAkñúgqñaM 1695 eTasRbharCIvitmanGnuvtþEtcMeBaHCnNaEdl)anRbRBwtþbTelµIs]RkidæcMeBaHRBHraCab:ueNÑaH. ehIyc,ab; esomeBlenaHminsUvxusBIc,ab;Exµrb:unµaneT.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 319 bIqñaMmþgGñkRsukRtÚvbg;Bn§reTHnigeKacMnYnesµInwg1PaK10ehIyRBHraCa)anseRmcfaeKaNa Edlmansm,úrBRBúsdUceramllkRtÚvdkhUtTukCaRBHraCRTBü. enAkñúgqñaM1695 RBHraCaEdlmanRBHCnµ30RBHvsSa ehIyesayraCsm,tþitaMgBIRTg;manRBH Cnµ20RBHvsSaemø:H )andak;raCfVaydl;RBHPaKienyü RBH]T½y EdlmanRBHCnµ22RBHvsSa43 . 19- RBHnrayramaFibtI-RBH]T½y ecABjay:g ¬1695-1696¦ RBHraCaGgÁenHRTg;)anTTYlkarGPieskenAkñúgqñaM1695 kñúgRBHCnµ23RBHvsSa eRkamRBH namfa RBH)aTsemþcesþcRBHraC»gáarRBHnrayramaFibtIRBH]T½yraCabrmbBiRt. RBHGgÁ)anyk RBHmatucäaCabuRtIrbs;RBH)aTsemþcRBHbrmraCaFiraCCaGKÁmehsI.RTg;esayraCü)an10ExrYck¾ suKteTAkñúgqñaM1696. 20- RBHC½yeCdæa-rC¢kalTI3 ¬1696-1699¦ RBH)aTC½yeCdæaeRkayBI)ansagRBHpñÜsCaelIkTI3Gs;ry³kal5éf¶rYcehIyk¾lacaksikça bT ehIymkTTYlykRBHGKÁmehsI erobcMRBHraCBiFIGPiesk eLIgKg;elIraCsm,tþiCaelIkTI2 eday manRBHnamxusBImunbnþicbnþÜc. enAqñaM1699 manm®nþImñak;eQµaHfa ]kj:anrinÞÉm RtÚvCakUnelakBjaesna em:g )anelIk KeRmagEpnkark,t;minEmnRKan;EtedIm,ITmøak;RBHraCaBIraCblø½gáb:ueNÑaaHeTKWb:unb:gKas;rMelIgraCvgS TaMgmUlEtmþg. Cnk,t;enH)aneFVIdMeNIreTAkan;kUsaMgsuIn suM)anT½BGaNÑam2muWnnak; k¾erobcMCa 2kg eFVIdMeNIreLIgmktamédTenøTaMg2. RBHraCaC½yeCdæa RtÚvbgç¿RBHT½yrt;eKcRBHGgÁeTAKg;enAÉExRt eBaFisat; edIm,IekNÐT½B. T½BGaNÑamrbs;]kj:anrinÞÉm)anerobcMedjtamRBHraCa EdleFVIdMeNIr yWt²mkdl;kMBg;qñaMg k¾taMgdutbMpøajexÞcxÞI. eBlenaHRBHRsIFemµaraCaCaRBHraCbuRtarbs;RBHraCanigGñkGgÁm©as;ÉmRtÚvCaraCbuRtarbs; GtItRBH]PeyaraCk,t; EdleTIbEtRtlb;mkBIGaNÑamBIqñaMmun )andwknaMT½BmYykgmñak; ecjBIExRt eBaFisat;mkmYykgmktampøÚveKakmYykgeTotcuHtamTenøsabmkecamvayeTAelIT½BGaNÑameFVI[ BYkenaHrt;ecal]kj:anrinÞÉmdkfyeTAxagt,ÚgsayhÁndl;ExRtebonv:anig)araCEdlesþckUsaMgsuIn 43 raCBgSavtar)anniyayfa RBHC½yeCdæa RTg;mandMrIjIBN’s mYyk,al.
eTIbEtRbKl;fVaymk[RBHraCakm<úCavij.munenHExRtTaMg2sßitenAkñúgkarRKb;RKgrbs;BYkGaNÑam. eKGacnwgecaTsMNYr)anfaetIRBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn;b¤EdlsuKteTAenAkñúgqñaM1691CaGñk)an RbKl;ExRtTaMg2enHeTAfVayesþcGaNÑam b¤mYyk¾]kj:anrinÞÉmeTEdlCaGñkRbKl;ExRtTaMg2 enHCafñÚrnwgkgT½BEdlxøÜn)ansuM. manÉksarxøH)anniyayEfmeTotfa edIm,ITb;Tl;kuM[Tahanrt; ecalkgT½B esþcGaNÑam)anGnuBaØat[]tþmesnIy_rbs;RBHGgÁenARKb;RKgExRtTaMg2[)an. k¾b:uEnþGVIEdlR)akdenaH KWfakgT½BGaNÑam)ansmøab;]kj:anrinÞÉmecal muneBlEdlkgT½BenHcab; bnþdMeNIrmkPaKxagt,Úgbnþic. enAqñaMbnÞab; TwkdIExRtTaMg2enaHk¾RtÚveKEbgEckCaRsukx½NÐtUc² RKb;RKgedaynamuWnGaNÑam cMNuH[]tþmesnIy_EdldwknaMT½BmkCYy]kj:anrinÞÉmenaHÉg. BYk]tþmesnIy_TaMgenaHenAnwgbnÞay sayhÁn ehIymanGMNacTaMgxagsuIvil TaMgxagkgT½B. TwkdIExRtTaMg2enH)ankøayeTACarbs; GaNÑamcab;taMgEtBIeBlenaHrhUtmk. enAdMNac;qñaM eRkayBIRTg;esayraCüCaelIkTI3)an4qñaM RBHraCaC½yeCdæa)andak;raCsm,tþi fVayGñkGgÁm©as;Ém EdlRBHGgÁ)anelIk[eLIgCaRBHEkvh‘VataMgEtBIeBlRtlb;BIGaNÑammkvij ehIyEdlRBHGgÁ)anerobGPieskbuRtIrbs;RBHGgÁmYyGgÁfVay BIeRBaHfaRBHEkvh‘Va )anbgðaj[ eXIjfVIédrYcmkehIy kñúgkarRbyuT§CamYyT½BGaNÑamrbs;]kj:anrinÞÉm. 21- RBHEkvh‘VabrmbBiRtGgÁÉm ¬1700-1701¦ GñkGgÁm©as;ÉmeBlenaHRTg;manRBHCnµ25-26RBHvsSaehIy. RBHGgÁRtÚvCabuRtarbs; RBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn;CamYyRsIcinmñak;. RBHGgÁRtÚv)anelIk[eLIgCaRBH)aTsemþcRBHEkvh‘Va brmbBiRtenAkñúgRKisþskraC1700 RtÚvnwgmhaskraC1622 culøskraC1062. RBHGgÁ )anyageTAKg;enAÉExRteBaFisat;. cMENkÉRBHraCadak;raCüvij )ancMNayeBlevlarbs;RBHGgÁRtÜtBinitükarCYsCulvtþ RBHeBaFimanbuNüEdlRBHc½nÞraCa)an[ksageLIgkalBIqñaM1534eRkayBIRTg;manC½yCmñHelIBYk esom. RTg;)ancMNayRBHraCRTBüpÞal;enAkñúgkarCYsCulenH. enAeBlEdlkarCYsCulenHcb;sBV RKb;rYcehIy RBHGgÁRTg;)anyagcUlsagRBHpñÜsmþgeTot k¾b:uEnþ)anEt3éf¶ RBHGgÁk¾lHbg;sikçabT mkTTYlykraCsm,tþivijCaelIkTI4 raCBgSavtarniyayfatamsMNUmBrrbs;RBHEkvh‘Va Caehtu bgðaj[eXIjfa RTg;Caesþcd¾manGMNacBitR)akdEmn. 320 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 321 22- RBHC½yeCdæa-rC¢kalTI4 ¬1701-1702¦ RBH)aTC½yeCdæa )aneLIgesayraCüCaelIkTI4 enAkñúgRBHCnµayu45RBHvsSa. eTIbeLIgRKgraCblø½gáminTan;)anb:unµanpg RBHGgÁRtÚvRbyuT§RbQmmuxnwgCnbHe)armñak;eQµaH fa PIErnKIm CakUnrbs;m®nþIRBHraCvaMgmñak;. Cnk,t;enHEdl)anTTYlT½BCMnYyBIesþcGaNÑam k¾dwknaM eLIgtampøÚvTwkrhUtmkdl;Rtwm]tþúgÁ.eBlT½BsRtÚvmkCitdl;ehIyRBHraCak¾naMRBHraCvgSnigesna m®nþITaMgGs; eKcRBHGgÁeTAKg;enAÉExRteBaFisat;. PIErnKIm)andwknaMT½Bedjtam k¾b:uEnþRBHraCa RTg;man»kasGacekNÐ)anT½BmYykgtUcTan; ehIy)anebIkkarvayRbharbkmkelIT½Bk,t;vij vay[BYkenH braC½yEbk)ak;KñaGs;eTA ÉPIErnKImRtÚvcab;xøÜn)an. qñaMbnÞab;mkRBHC½yeCdæa)andak;raCsm,tþimþgeTotk¾b:uEnþmþgenHfVaydl;RBHraCbuRtac,gRBHnam RsIFemµaraCaEdlmanRBHCnµ12RBHvsSa.rYcehIyRBHGgÁk¾yagcUlsagRBHpñÜsmþgeTotcMnYn3éf¶. 23-RBHFemaµ raCaT4I ¬1702-1704¦ edayRBHraCafµImanRBHCnµticeBk eKk¾bg¥g;minTan;erobcMRBHraCBiFIGPieskeT ehIyRBHbita enAbnþcat;Ecgkic©karRBHraCaNacRkhak;bIdUcCaRTg;mindak;raCüenAeLIy. enAkñúgqñaMbnÞab; manCnsMEr:mñak; EdleTArs;enAÉRsukkULa ¬PUma¦Gs;eBlb:unµanqñaM )anRtlb; mkvij. BYkkulsm<½n§sMEr:enHFøab;manbuBVburseLIgeFVICaRBHraCakm<úCaehIybegáIt)anCasnþtivgSfµI mYy KWtafIb¤taRtsk;Ep¥m. CnsMEr:enaHhak;dUcCaminsUvCaeT k¾b:uEnþeKmanlkçN³sm,tþismlµmnwg eFVI[RbCaCneCOfaeKCaGñkmanbuNü EdlRtÚvmkesayraCüenAkm<úCaenH. manRbCaCnCaeRcIneCO ehIyedIrtam eFVI[RsukeTsRCÜlRcbl;CaxøaMg. namuWnsBVmuxm®nþI )ancat;T½BmYykg[cuHmkcab;Cn sMEr:enH k¾b:uEnþCnenaH)aneKcxøÜn)at;eTA ehIyRBHraCaNacRkk¾Rtlb;mansNþab;Fñab;l¥eLIgvij. enAqñaM1703 RBHraCaFanIEdlepÞreTAtaMgenAÉeBaFisat;taMgBIqñaM1699mk )anbþÚrmktaMg enAnwg]tþúgÁvij. enAqñaMbnÞab;mkeTot RBHRsIFemµaraCa)andak;raCsm,tþifVaydl;RBHbitavij eRkayBIesay raCü)an2qñaM. 24- RBHC½yeCdæa-rC¢kalTI5 ¬1704-1706¦ RBHC½yeCdæa)aneLIgRKgraCblø½gámþgeTot CaelIkTI5. eBlenHRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµ49
RBHvsSaehIy. raCBgSavtarmineXIjmanniyayfa etIRBHGgÁ[eKerobcMRBHraCBiFIGPieskfVay Edr b¤Gt;eT. enAeBlenaHKWqñaM1705 manRBHraCvgSanuvgSlavCamYynwgRbCaCn 5Ban;nak; EdlRtÚv beNþjecjBIraCFanIevogc½nÞ )annaMKñart;mksuMRCkekan nigsuMdIrs;enAenAkm<úCa. raCvgSenHesay raCsm,tþienAelIraCblø½gálavCaeRcInqñaMmkehIy mundMbUgesayraCüenAhøÜgR)a)ag rYcmkenAÉevog c½nÞ. RBHraCalavEdlelak ehSr:av:an;vUsUv )anCYbenAkñúgqñaM1641eRkayBIRTg;esayraCü)an 3qñaMehIy b:uEnþmin)an[dwgRBHnameT KWRBHGgÁm©as;suriya RBHnameBjKWfavsuriyavgSFmµik³ raCa brmbBiRtFiraC.RBHraCaGgÁenH)ansuKteTAenAkñúgqñaM1595edaybnSl;TuknUvRBHraCntþaEdlenA tUc²enAeLIy. manm®nþImñak;kñúgcMeNamm®nþIrbs;RBHGgÁ)anerobGaBah_BiBah_CamYynagKam:g; CabuRtImYyGgÁrbs;RBHraCasuriya bMEbkRBHraCntþatUc²TaMgenaHecjBIraCblø½gá ehIyk¾eLIg esayraCüxøÜnÉg. eBlenaHmanm®nþImñak;eTot GacCaRBH]PeyaraC b¤k¾CaBjaEsn )anegIbRbqaMg eLIgvaydeNþIm)anC½yCmñH ehIybgç¿[m®nþIk,t;enaHeFVIGtþXat rYck¾eLIgesayraCübnþmkeTot edaymanRBHnamfa Püann;GFiraC. manRBHPaKienyürbs;RBHraCasuriyamYyGgÁ CabuRtarbs;RBHerommYyGgÁeTot EdlePos RBHGgÁeTAKg;enAÉRkúgev: )anvilRtlb;mkvijCamYynwgT½BmYykg ehIyRbkass®gÁamCamYy Püa nn;. RBHraCaPüann;GFiraC EdlRbEhlCaraCvgSmYyGgÁrbs;RBHraCasuriyaEdr )anRtÚvsuKtenA kñúgkarRbyuT§enaH ehIyR)aC½yGugev: EdlTTYl)anC½yCmñH k¾eLIgesayraCüenAevogc½nÞ rIÉ fav ¬b¤ecA¦ ng EdlCaGnuCmYyGgÁ k¾yageTAesayraCüenAhøÜgR)a)ag. dl;mkqñaM1605 manbuRta mYyGgÁrbs;RBHraCasuriya )anmkedjfavngecj ehIyeLIgesayraCüenAhøÜgR)a)agenaHeTA. cab;BIeBlenaHmk RbeTslavEdlmanÉkPaBGs;kalCayUrNas;mkehIy k¾RtÚvEbgEckCaraCa NacRkBIr EdlmanRBHraCaCabgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYynwgKña KWCaRBHPaKienyü nigCabuRtarbs;RBHsuriyaTaMg Gs;Kña ehIyRtÚvCabcäajatirbs;RBHraCahVaegam. tamemIleTA KWraCvgSrbs;RBH]braCPüaNakn Edl)anrt;eKcmksuMRCkekanenAkm<úCa. enAkñúgqñaM1706 RBHraCaC½yeCdæa EdlenOyNaynwgGMNaceRkayBIesayraCü)an 2qñaM k¾dak;raCsm,tþimþgeTotCaelIkTI5 fVaydl;RBHRsIFemµaraCaCaRBHraCbuRta EdlRTg;)anelIk[ esayraCümþgrYcmkehIy enAkñúgqñaM1702 Et)andak;raCüfVayRBHbitavijenAkñúgqñaM1704. 322 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 323 25- RBHFemµaraCaTI4-rC¢kalTI2 ¬1706-1710¦ RBHraCaGgÁenHmin)anTTYlRBHraCBiFIGPieskeTkalBIRTg;esayraCüelIkmun eRBaHenAekµgeBk KWeTIbEtmanRBHCnµayu12RBHvsSab:ueNÑaH. RTg;)andak;raCsm,tþienAkñúgqñaM1704. enAeBlEdl RBHGgÁeLIgRKgraCblø½gásaCafµIenH RTg;manRBHCnµ17RBHvsSaehIy ehIy)anRtÚvGPieskeRkam RBHnamfa RBHRsIFemµaraCaFiraCramaFibtIbrmbBiRt CaRBHraCasñg ÉRBHbitarbs;RBHGgÁvij )an TTYlykRBHzan³CaRBH]PeyaraC KWCazan³EdleKEtgEtRbKl;fVaydl;RBHraCa Edlmincg;TTYl ykraCsm,tþi b¤k¾RtÚveKbMEbkBIraCsm,tþi. niyayBIBYklavEdlnaMKñamkkm<úCatamesþcrbs;xøÜnvij )anRtÚvRBHraCaGnuBaØat[eTArs;enA kñúgExRt)aTICamYyBYklavmYyRkúmmunEdlkalBIqñaM1561RkúmenHeK[enAÉ)arayN_EtbnÞab;mk )an[mkrs;enATIenHEdreRkayBImanbHe)armþgrYcmk. PUmiEdlBYklavenHrs;enA eKdak;eQµaH[fa PUmi)arayN_k,atCuMmann½yfaPUmiBYkGñkbHe)arenA)arayN_.edaymankarCYyKaMRTBIbNþaCnrYmCati eK BYkGñkmkdl;fµI)anbgákarlM)akdl;GaCJaFrmUldæanmþgenAkñúgqñaM1708. RBHraCa)ancat;[m®nþI 2nak;mknaMBYkenHeTArs;enAÉekaHraBN_vij EtBYkenHminRBm ehIyk¾RbEmRbmUlKñabHe)arCacMh eLIg. RBHraCak¾cat;[kgT½Becjmkb®gáab CaehtueFVI[BYklavenHbMEbkKñaCa3kg KWkgTI1rt;cUl éRB kgTI2rt;eTAkUsaMgsuIn rIÉkgTI3rt;eTArkRBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm EdlRtÚvCaRBHPaKienyürbs;RBH C½eCdæapg nigRtÚvCabuRtsuNisaRBHGgÁpg. RBHEkvh‘VaenH)andkRBHkayq¶ayBIraCvaMgRbkbeTA edaycritRbqaMg taMgEtBIeBlEdlRTg;)andak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHbitaekµkvij enAkñúgqñaM1701. eK)armÖRBHEkvh‘VaenHeFVItRmab;tamRBHbitaRBHGgÁEdr KWRBH]PeyaraCGgÁnn;. tamBiteTARBHEkvh‘VaRTg;rg;caMEt»kasnwgcab;kan;GavuFRbqaMgb:ueNÑaH.RBwtþikarN_bHe)arrbs; BYklavenHCa»kasl¥ehIyRTg;k¾RbkasxøÜnRBHGgÁCaGñkkarBarBYkenaHehIy)anehAemFMrbs;BYkeK eQµaHsukuNa)aT[Rtlb;mkBIkUsaMgsuInmkvij.sukuNa)aTRtlb;km<úCaCamYynwgT½BGaNÑam2muWn nak;EdleK)anekNÐCamYyGaCJaFrmUldæanEdlrYmKMnitCamYyRBHEkvh‘Va.kñúgeBlCamYyKñaenaHRBH Ekvh‘Va ekNÐ)anT½BkYy nigsMEr:1muWnnak;Edr. RBHEkvh‘VadwknaMT½BeFVIdMeNIreq<aHeTAkan;raCFanI]tþúgÁ rIÉsukuNa)aTcab;vayykGaNaExRtxagekIt. T½BTaMg2eFVIskmµPaB elOnrh½sNas; Tal;EtRBHraCa nigRBHGnuCGgÁTgEdlmanRBHCnµ18RBHvsSaehIyRtÚvB½T§Cab;enAkñúgbnÞay]tþúgÁ.RBHraCaTb;Tl;CamYy T½BsRtÚvGs;eBl3Ex RTaMElg)aneTIbRTg;vayebIkExSeRtómrt;eKc ecjnaeBlyb;mYysMedAeTARsuk esom edaynaMykRBHraCbuRtarbs;RBHraCamYyGgÁ EdlRbsURtenAkñúgqñaM1706 eTACamYypg.
26- RBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm-rC¢kalTI2 ¬1710-1722¦ RBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm )anesayraCümþgenAkñúgqñaM1700. eRkayBI)anbeNþjRBHraCasñg[rt; eKcRBHGgÁeTARsukesomrYcmk RTg;k¾cab;kan;kic©karRBHraCaNacRk b:uEnþminTan;h‘an[eKGPiesk RBHGgÁCaesþcenAeLIyeT. RBHGgÁrg;caMGs;eBl4qñaM KWrhUtdl;mkqñaM1704 eTIbRtÚv)anGPiesk [eLIgRKgraCblø½gáeRkamRBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcRBHEkvh‘VabrmbBiRt EdlRTg;Føab;)anTTYlrYcmk ehIyenAkñúgqñaM1700-1701. eBlenaHRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµ34RBHvsSaehIy. enAqñaMbnÞab;mkesþcRsukesom)anbBa¢ÚnT½B1muWn5Ban;nak;CamYynwgraCTUtpgmkkan;RsukExµr edIm,IsuM[RBHEkvh‘VaERCkraCülHbg;raCblø½gáfVayeTARBHRsIFemµaraCavij. GtItRBHraCaenH )anQb;sMctenAkñúgExRt)at;dMbg CamYynwgRBHGnuCGgÁTg nigRBHbuRtaGgÁÉm CamYynwgkgT½B EdlbBa¢aedayecABjaBleTB nigecABjaraCaesaPavtI. RBHraCafµIEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm bdiesFmin yl;RBmTTYlyksMeNIxusBIFmµtaenHeT ehIyk¾minRBmGnuBaØat[kSRtaTaMg3GgÁsñak;enAkñúg RBHraCaNacRkEdr eRBaHvtþmanrbs;kSRtTaMg3GgÁGacnaM[manPaBl¥k;kkr)an. enAkñúgqñaM1715 enAeBlEdlRBHC½yeCdæa]PeyaraC yagsagRBHpñÜsCaelIkTI5 cMnYnmYy s)aþh_ RBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm)andak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHGKÁmehsI CabuRtIEdlRBHC½yeCdæa )anelIkfVay RBHGgÁkalBIeBlEdlRTg;yagRtlb;BIGaNÑammkvij eRkamRBHnamfa RBHmhakSRtI rYcRTg;k¾yag cUlsagRBHpñÜs. sagpñÜs)an3éf¶ RBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉmk¾lacaksikçabT rYccab;kan;GMNaceLIgvij. enAcugqñaM1716 RBHGgÁTg CaRBHGnuCrbs;RBHraCaRsIFemµaraCaEdlFøak;BIraCsm,tþi )an ecjmuxdwknaMGñkRsukeBaFisat;EdlbHe)areLIgRbqaMgnwgRBHraCaRBHEkvh‘Va. RBHEkvh‘Va eBlenaH KµankgT½BeT NamYyRbCanura®sþk¾mineBjcitþnwgRBHGgÁpgEdr eRBaHRTg;cUlcitþEtkarsb,ay. ebIeTaHCafaRbeTskm<úCanasm½yenaHminTan;Føak;cuH»nexSaydUcsBVéf¶k¾eday k¾b:uEnþeKminGaceFVI[ RbCara®sþedIrtamTaMgminsb,aycitþ)anEdr.emø:aHehIyedaydwgc,as;faRbCara®sþminKaMRTRBHGgÁ RBHEkvh‘Va min)anerobcMekNÐT½BkñúgcMeNamRbCara®sþExµreT RTg;EbreTArkBYkGaNÑam EdlCaeQøIy swkenAkñúgkm<úCavij.T½BGaNÑamenHeRkayBI)anTTYlkarerobcMrYcehIyk¾ecjeTAvayRbyuT§RbqaMg nwgRBHGgÁTg eFVI[RBHGgÁrgrbYsenAkñúgsmrPUmidMbUg ehIybgç¿[RBHGgÁvaydkfyeTAeRkayvij. BYkGñkRsukeBaFisat;EdlGs;sgÇwmk¾bMEbkKña vilRtlb;eTARsukPUmivijGs;Edr. RBHGgÁTg fVIebIRtÚvrgrbYs b:uEnþRBHGgÁminGs;sgÇwmeT. RTg;)anePosRBHkayeTAKg;enAÉ b£sSIsaj; edIm,IBüa)alrbYs. dl;mkqñaM1722 esþcesom)an[T½B1muWnnak;CUndMeNIr RBHRsI 324 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 325 FemµaraCa yagqøgkat;RBMEdncUlmkkm<úCatameCIgeKakCamYynwgRBHbuRtaGgÁÉm nigT½B5Ban;nak; eTot eLIgsMeBAtameCIgTwkmkcuHenABam ¬haeTog¦. RBHGgÁTg)anyagkat;eTArkT½BeCIgeKakrbs; RBHeromenATIenaH. Bam b¤haeTog EdlCaTIRbCuMCnrbs;ExRtxm b¤emOgxm eBlenaHsßitenAeRkamkarRtÜtRta Gs;eBlb:unµanqñaMrYcmkehIyedayemecarsmuRTCaticinmñak; EdlCaGtItbkSBYkrbs;snþtivgSmij. cinenaHmaneQµaHfam:ak;KU44 kalenAÉPñMeBjeFVICaembnEl,gsuIsg.enAeBlkøayCaGñkmancinenH 44 m:ak;KU ekItenAkñúgPUmieLkVat sgáat;éheKOg RsukLyecA ExRtkg;tug. Kat;søab;enAhaeTog enAkñúgqñaM1736 kñúgGayu78qñaM. kUnRbúsKat;eQµaH m:ak;tug)aneLIgkan;GMNactBIKat; manzan³CaebskCnrbs;RBHecAGFiraCcin ehIymansiT§ie)aHBum<kak;s½gásI. eKniyayfam:ak;tugenH)anksagpøÚvCaeRcInEdleyIg)anCYsCuleLIgvij ehIyk¾ )anCIkERBkCIkRbLayeRcInpgEdr EtGñkeRkay² min)anEfrkSa[l¥eT. Kat;)an[eKsagsg;pSarmYy ehIy)an cat;[BRgwgRbB½n§karBarTIRkúg Edl«Bukrbs;Kat;)ansg;eLIgenARtg;RckcUlkMBg;Ep. Kat;l,Il,ajBUEk xagkar karBarTIRkúgRbqaMgnwgemecarsmuRTCaticineQµaHhYkjanenAkñúgqñaM1770nigRbqaMgGñkpSgeRBgcinmñak;eToteQµaH Rtan;fay EdlRtÚvr:UvKñaCamYybgb¥ÚnCIdUnmYyKat;2nak; ehIyRbqaMgnwg ]kj:aEx nigCnCatim:aeLeQµaH lIm:alU Edl)andwknaMkmøaMg1Ban;nak; mkvayRbharelIKat;. manEtBYkesomeT EdlGacdeNþImykhaeTog)anenAkñúg qñaM1772 eRkayBIeLamB½T§Gs;eBl3éf¶. b:uEnþm:ak;tug)anTTYlGMNacRKb;RKgelIhaeTogvijenAqñaM1775 eRkay BI)ancuHsn§isBaØamYyCamYyesom. enAcugqñaM1779 enAeBlEdlKat;eFVIdMeNIreTAkan;raCFanI)agkk cUlKal; esþcesom m:ak;tug )anRtÚvesþcesomXat;min[vilRtlb;mkhaeTogvijeT. esþcesom)an[eKkat;kkUnc,gKat; CamYynwgraCvgSGaNÑammñak;Edl)aneFVIdMeNIreTACamYyKñanigbriBarEhhm50nak;eTot.m:ak;tugRtÚveKeFVITaruNkmµ y:agxøaMg. edayRTaMemIlTaruNkmµenaHmin)an CnCatiesommñak; k¾)anlYcRbKl;fñaMBul[Kat;pwksmøab;xøÜneTAenAkñúgqñaM 1781 ehIy)anCYyCIvitkUnKat;3nak; nigecAKat;4nak;. kñúgeBlEdl m:ak;tug Cab;XuMXaMgenAÉRsukesom kUnKat; eQµaH m:ak;TWsaj )aneLIgkan;GMNactBIKat;enAÉhaeTog ehIy)ankøayxøÜnCaGñkKaMRTesþcy:aLúg y:agdac;xatmñak; EdlkMBugts‘UdeNþImGMNacBIBYkétsWnenAGaNÑam. enAeBlEdl m:ak;TWsaj søab;enAkñúgqñaM1790 b¥ÚnRbúsrbs;Kat; eQµaH m:ak;kugb‘íj )aneLIgkan;GMNacbnþ. KWm:ak;kugb‘íjenHÉg Edl)anTTYlsB m:ak;tug BIesþcesom EdlepJImk[ enAkñúgqñaM dEdlenaH. m:ak;kugb‘íj )anerobcMbBa©úHsBCItaenAelIPñMb‘íjsWn. Kat;søab;enAkñúgqñaM1809 edaybnSl; TukEtkUntUc² minGackan;GMNacbnþBIKat;)an. k¾b:uEnþdl;mkqñaM1816 mankUnRbúsKat;mñak;eQµaH m:ak;Din )aneLIg eFVICaGñkRKb;RKgRkúghaeTog rYcCaecAhVayRkúgenAkñúgqñaM1818. dUcCaKµanGñksñgRtkUlenH rs;enArhUtmkdl; sBVéf¶eT k¾b:uEnþeKniyayfa enAmanRtkUlenHenAeLIyenAkñúgqñaM1867 enAeBlEdlBYk)araMgcUlkan;kab;haeTog BYkenaH)anrt;eKcxøÜneTAkan;TIRkúgev:eTA.
ekItKMnitcg;eFVI[CIvitxøÜnkan;EtRbesIr nigfáúMefáIgeLIg k¾eTAtaMgTIlMenAÉBam RbEmRbmUlBYkecarsmuRT cin nigGaNÑamCaeRcInnak; RBmTaMgBYkGavaEsepSg²Edlrg;caMEteBlbeRmIecAhVayxøaMgBUEkmñak; [mk rs;enACamYyxøÜn. m:ak;KU)andeNþImykTIRbCuMCnFM²cMnYn7dak;mkkñúgGMNacrbs;xøÜn ³ TI1KW Bam 45 EdleRkaymkmaneQµaHfa haeTog/ ekaHPUkukEdlExµrehAfaekaHRtl;/ ERslYgékEdlExµr ehAfa ERsGMbil enAkñúgExRtkMBg;esam/ evOgFM ¬kMBg;esam¦/ RkmYns/ kanvt ¬kMBt¦ nigkaem:A enAPaKxagt,Úg EdlkalBImunmanmaneQµaHfa TwkexµA. karRbmUl)anTIRbCuMCnTaMg7dak;mkkñúgGMNacrbs;xøÜn mann½yfaGtItemecarsmuRTenH)anbegáIt )ankSRtRbeTsmYyenAelITwkdIkm<úCa. edIm,IFanaGnaKtrbs;xøÜn m:ak;KU)anbBa¢ÚnTUteTAcUlKal;esþc GaNÑam TUlfaTwkdIGaNaExRtPaKGaeKñy_enHxøÜnsUmelIkfVayesþcGaNÑam ehIysuMkarGnuBaØatRKb;RKg CMnYs. esþcGaNÑam)ancat;taMgelIkm:ak;KUCaGPi)al ehIyCa]tþmesnIy_elITwkdImat;QUgsmuRT esomTaMgmUl ¬1715¦ ebIeTaHbIfam:ak;KUenHKµansiT§iGVIbnþicbnþÜcelITwkdITaMgGs;enaHk¾eday eRBaHfa T½Brbs;eKminEdlvaydeNþIm)anmþgNaeT ehIyk¾KµankareFVIsm,Tan[ b¤k¾mankarRbTUsr:ayGVIEdr. KWedayEbbenHehIyEdlm:ak;KU)ankøayxøÜneTACam®nþId¾mhimamñak; Etk¾CaemecarsmuRTd¾ sahavmñak;sRmab;raCvaMgGaNÑamk¾dUcCaraCvaMgkm<úCa pgEdr. enAeBlEdlBYkesomcg;dwknaMT½BmkcuHenAhaeTog edIm,IbnþdMeNIreLIgeTAvayGñkGgÁÉm BYkenH)anmkCYb]bsKÁmYy KWm:ak;KUenHÉg EdlKaMRTesþckMBugesayraCü ehIy)anekNÐT½BecjBI BYkmnusSyg;XñgcRmúHCatisasn_ eRtómRbyuT§rYcCaeRsc. m:ak;KU)anvayT½BeCIgTwkesom Edldwk naMedayBjakasanigeteCa[braC½yesÞIrEtTaMgRsug.EtT½BesomxageCIgeKakTTYl)anlT§pll¥ GacrujRcanT½BGaNÑamrbs;RBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm[dkfymkRtwmeBaFisat; nigmkdl;]tþúgÁ eRkayBI c,aMgKñaGs;eBl1qñaM. edayBinitüeXIjfaminGacbnþRTaMRT)aneT RBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm)ansaksYreyabl;esnam®nþI EdltamEhhm rYck¾cat;bBa¢ÚnraCTUt[eTAcrcaCamYy]tþmesnIy_esom BjacRkI faRBHGgÁyl; RBmdak;km<úCaCacMNuHesom ehIynwgelIksYysarGakrCapáamaspáaR)ak;eTAfVayerogral;qñaMRbsin NaebIesomTuk[RBHGgÁkan;GMNacdEdl ehIynaMykGñkGgÁm©as;ExµrEdlenACamYyT½BesomeTA GyuFüavij CaBiess KWGtItRBHraCaExµrEdlT½Besomcg;ykmk[esayraCüenAkm<úCavij. 326 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 45 Bam enH CaeQµaHTIRbCuMCnrbs;ExRtxm b¤emOgxm. BYkGaNÑamehAfa PYnfaj;.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 327 emT½Besom)anyl;RBmtambNþal½kçx½NÐTaMgGs;enH ehIyk¾naMT½BRtlb;eTAGyuFüavij edaynaM ykGñkGgÁmas; nigGtItesþcExµreTApg. RbCara®sþ nignamuWnmYycMnYnEdlminKaMRTRBHEkvhVamankarxwgsm,aCaxøaMg ehIytamkar dMNalt²Kñamk)anniyayfa eKnaMKñaehARBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉmfaCaesþcesom. edayRTaMnwgBakü rGarGUmenHmin)an RBHEkvh‘Vak¾dak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHraCbuRtrbs;RBHGgÁ KWGñkGgÁC½y. enAeBl enaHRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµ42RBHvsSaehIy ehIyRTg;esayraCsm,tþi)an6qñaM. 27- GñkGgÁC½y-RBHstßa ¬1722-1729¦ GñkGgÁC½ymanRBHCnµayu20RBHvsSaehIy enAeBlEdlRTg;eLIgesayraCü. eRkayBI RBHbitadak;raCsm,tþifVay)an2Ex RBHGgÁ)anRtÚvGPieskenA]tþúgÁeRkamRBHnamfa RBHstßa nig manRBHzan³CaRBHraCasñg. RTg;)anykRBHmatucäasemþcRBHRsIsuCata buRtIrbs;RBHC½yeCdæa CaRBHGKÁmehsI. rC¢kalrbs;RBHGgÁ )ancab;epþImeLIgCamYynwgkarvayBYkkøwg b¤BYkhiNÐÚrbs;nagPak; [ braC½y. kñúgrC¢kalenH RBHGyüekaC½yeCdæa Edl)anesayraCü ehIydak;raCüCaeRcInelIkeRcIn RKaedIm,IsagRBHpñÜs manRBHCnµ65RBHvsSa ehIymanRBHzan³CaRBH]PeyaraC. RBHGgÁFøak;RBH kayRbQYn ehIysuKteTAenAkñúgqñaM1725. enAqñaM1729 mindwgCaenOyNaynwgraCkic© b¤k¾edaymankarpþl;eyabl;BIRBHbitaRBHEkv h‘VaGgÁÉm RBHstßa)andak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHbitavij eRkayBIRKgraCblø½gá)an8qñaM. 28- RBHEkvh‘VabrmbBiRt-Ekvh‘VaGgÁÉm rC¢kalTI2 ¬1729-1730¦ RBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm)anesayraCsm,tþieLIgvij ehIy)anTTYlRBHraCaPieskeRkamRBHnamfa semþcesþcRBHraC»gáarRBHC½yeCdæaFiraCramasUrkMBUlelakiy_éRtPavna. b:uEnþ )anEt7Ex RbCa ra®sþk¾bHe)arRbqaMgnwgRBHGgÁ eFVI[RBHGgÁdak;raCsm,tþifVay RBHraCbuRtRBHstßa mþgeTot. 29- RBHGgÁC½y ehA RBHstßa rC¢kalTI2 ¬1730-1736¦ RBHstßa )anRtÚvGPieskCaelIkTI2enAedImqñaM1730 eRkamRBHnamfaRBH)aTsemþc esþc
RBHraC»gáarRBHbremµaraCaFiraCramaFibtI. eBlenaHRTg;manRBHCnµ27RBHvsSaehIy. RBHbita rbs;RBHGgÁEdl)andak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHGgÁ )anTTYlRBHzan³CaRBH]PeyaraC. enAkñúgqñaMbnÞab; manCnePosxøÜnlavmñak; rs;enAPUmiRBHsURtkñúgExRt)aPñM EdlLb;sti )an RbkasxøÜnfa CaGñkmanbuNü ehIyTTYlParkic©[cuHmksmøab;pþac;BUCBYkGaNÑamecjBIkm<úCa. man RbCaCnCaeRcIneCOCak;elICnenHehIyedIrtamenAPaKxagt,ÚgénRBHraCaNacRkrhUteTAdl;PaKxag mçageToténTl;Edn. BYkenH)annaMKñaqøgcUleTAkñúgkUsaMgsuIn ehIycab;kab;smøab;ral;CnGaNÑamNa EdleKCYbRbTH.eBlenaH]tþmesnIy_EdlRKb;RKgenAsayhÁn)anbBa¢ÚnT½BmYykgtUc[mkb®gáab BYkenH ehIyedjtamrhUtdl;qøgputTl;Edn. eBlmkdl;Rsuk edaymanCMenOgb;gulelICnlav BYkenH k¾cab;taMgeFVIkarkab;smøab;CabnþeTot. RBHraCa)ancat;sñgkarRBHraCaNacRk[eTAb®gáab ehIyBYkenHk¾EbkExJkKñaGs;eTA.esþcGaNÑamenAeBlEdl)anRCabGMBIehtukarN_kab;smøab;rgÁal enH k¾bBa¢ÚnkgT½Bmkvaykm<úCa edaymin)anKitfa RBHraCakm<úCa )aneFVIGnþraKmn_rYceTAehIyeT. edayminGacTb;Tl;nwgT½BGaNÑam)an RBHstßak¾ePosRBHkayeTAKg;enAÉBamERtg kñúgExRtsnÞúk. RTg;)anekNÐT½BRbjibRbjab;rYcdwknaMmkkan;PñMeBjCaTIkEnøgEdlBYkGaNÑameTIbeFVIdMeNIrmkdl;. RBHGgÁ)anvayT½BGaNÑam[braC½y rt;EbkExJkKñaRtLb;eTAkUsaMgsuInvij tamédTenøTaMg2. TTYl)anBt’mansþIBIbraC½yenH esþcGaNÑam)anecjbBa¢a[ekNÐT½BmYykgFMCagmun ecj dMeNIrmkvaykm<úCaeTot. enAeBlEdlT½BGaNÑammkdl;PñMeBj RBHraCaEdleTIbEtyagRtlb;CamYyraCvgSanuvgSmk Kg;enA]tþúgÁ )anePosRBHGgÁmþgeTot eTAKg;enAÉBamRke)A kñúgExRtsnÞúk. RTg;eRCIserIsT½B enATIenaH rYcdwknaMmkvayBYkGaNÑam eFVI[BYkenHbraC½ymþgeTot ehIybgç¿[dkfyeTAExRtmIf nig vijLúgGs;eTA. ExRtTaMg2enHCaTwkdIrbs;km<úCaeT k¾b:uEnþBYkGaNÑamkan;kab; ehIydak;bBa©ÚlCapøÚv karCamYyExRt3eTot EdleKvayyk)anBImun. enAeBlenaH edayBinitüeXIjfa]tþúgÁsßitenACitPñMeBjeBk RBHraCak¾seRmcRBHT½ycakecal raCFanIenH edaynaMraCbriBareTAKg;enAÉlEgVkvij q¶ayeTAxageCIgbnþic EdlRBHraCamun² )an e)aHbg;ecalkalBIstvtSr_mun. edayehtuenHehIy)anCaraCFanIExµrrMkilxiteTAxageCIgeTot eRBaHxøacGaNÑam pÞúyxusBIeBlmunEdlrMkilxitmkxagt,Úg edayxøacesom. enAkñúgqñaM1736 RBHraCaRBHstßa )andak;raCsm,tþiedIm,IsagpñÜs3éf¶ rYceTIblacaksikçabT mkKg;elIraCblø½gá kan;GMNaceLIgvij. 328 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 329 enAkñúgqñaMdEdlenaH RBHraCamanmnÞilsgS½yfaRBHGKÁmehsIRsIsuCata CabuRtIrbs;RBHC½y eCdæa k,t;nwgRBHGgÁ XubXitCamYyGñkGgÁsUrb¤semþcRBH]T½y/ GñkGgÁs¶Ün ehA RBHRsIC½yeCdæa/ nig ecABjac½nÞehAbTumraCa CabuRtamYyGgÁrbs;RBHGgÁTg nigbuRtarbs;GtItRBHraCaRsIbTumraCa EdlsuT§EtRtÚvCabgb¥ÚnCITYtmYyrbs;RBHGgÁ cg;Tmøak;RBHGgÁBIGMNac b¤k¾cg;eFVIXatRBHGgÁ. enAqñaM bnÞab;mkeTot edaysnSMRBHT½ycg;sgswknwgBYkenH RBHraCa)anyagmkKg;enAÉPñMeBj rYcehIyk¾ erobcMviFankarcab;xøÜn nigkab;smøab;RBHmehsI nigbkSBYkTaMgGs;. kSRtaTaMg3RBHGgÁ eBldwgxøÜnfaRBHraCaRbúgnwgeFVI)abehIy k¾eKcxøÜnecjBIraCFanI ehIy RbEmRbmUlkgT½BedIm,IRbyuT§RbqaMgnwgRBHraCavij. karRbyuT§suIsac;hutQamsahavxøaMgNas; Gs;ry³eBlCaeRcInEx. enATIbBa©b; RBHraCastßa nigRBHGnuCGñkGgÁÉmRtÚvrt;ePosRBHkayeTA kUsaMgsuIn enAkñúgqñaM1737. bgb¥ÚnRBHRsIC½yeCdæa nigbTumraCa)anedjtamRbkitBIeRkay rYc ehIyRBHRsIC½yeCdæak¾e)aHT½BenAnwg)aPñMelIeRtIyxagekItTenø RBHbTumraCae)aHT½BenAelIeRtIyxag lic ehIyrobcMviFankarTb;Tl;kuM[RBHraCaRBHstßavilRtlb;mkvayykkm<úCavij ebIeTaHCaRBHGgÁ manT½BGaNÑamCYykþI. enAeBlenaH GñkGgÁm©as;Ém EdlRBHFemµaraCaCabita)anRbTanRBHnamrbs; RBHGgÁfVay -enAsm½yenaH karRbTanRBHnampÞal;fVaymann½yfaRTg;)anepÞrral;siT§iTaMgLay fVay- )anvaycUllukluyExRtGgÁr CamYynwgkgT½BEdlekNÐ)anenAkUr:at; Gs;eBleRcInqñaMmk ehIy. CamYyKñaenaH esþcesom)anRbKl;T½B2Ban;nak;[GñkGgÁTgCaRBHbitula ecjtamBIeRkay edIm,ICYy nig)an[RBHFemµaraCdwknaMT½B3Ban;nak;eLIgTUkmkcuHenAÉkMBt. enAeBlEdlT½BGñkGgÁm©as;ÉmnigT½BRBHGgÁTgcuHmkCitdl;lEgVkenAsl;RbEhlCa50KILÚ Em:Rt RBHmhakSRtIRsIsuCata)anekaHRbCuMraCvgSanuvgS nignamuWnsBVmuxm®nþIBieRKaHeyabl; rYc ehIyRBHnagk¾seRmcnaMKñamkCYbkSRtTaMg2GgÁenA]tþúgÁ. eRkayBICYbKñabnþicenAelITenøsab eK)an seRmcfaRtÚvmkCYbCuMKñaedaHRsaybBaðaenAÉPñMeBj.kSRtaTaMg2yagcUlmkkñúgraCFanICamYynwg kgT½BTaMgGs; ehIyeK)anRsuHRsYlÉkPaBKñafaelIkRBHFemµaraCa[RKgraCblø½gáeLIgvij. b:uEnþ RBHFemµaraCaeTIbEt)anfVayRBHnamrbs;RBHGgÁfVaydl;RBHraCbuRta RBHFemµaraCaGgÁÉm emø:aH ehIyRTg;RbEkkminRBmTTYlykraCsm,tþieT sUm[fVayeTARBHraCbuRtaeTAcuH. k¾b:uEnþraCvgSanuvgS minRBm BIeRBaHfa manEtRBHGgÁeTEdlkarcrcaKñaGacTTYlyk)an dUecñHRBHGgÁRtÚvEtlHbg;karepÞr RBHnamfVayRBHraCbuRtsin. edayminsUvsBVRBHraChb£T½yb:unµan RBHFemµaraCa)anseRmcRBHT½yKg;enAExRtRTaMg rhUt
dl;qñaM1738 Tal;Etdl;eBlEdlmankarcaM)ac;enAPñMeBj Edl)ankøayCamCÄmNÐlrbs;RBHraCa NacRk eTIbRBHraCvgSanuvgSeTAyagRBHGgÁ[vilRtlb;mkkan;raCFanIlEgVkvij46 . 30- RBHFemµaraCa-rC¢kalTI3 ¬1738-1747¦ RBHFemµaraCaGgÁsUrRTg;manRBHCnµ48RBHvsSaenAeBlEdlRTg;RtÚv)anGPieskCaelIkTI3. eBlGPieskelIkenHRTg;manRBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcRBHraC»gáarRBHC½yeCdæaFiraCramaFibtIbrm bBiRt. RTg;RtÚvCaRBHraCbuRtarbs;RBHraCaC½yeCdæa EdlRTg;)andak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHGgÁ. RTg; esayraCümþg)anmYyqñaMenAkñúgqñaM1702-1703 rYc)andak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHbitavij. bnÞab; mk eRkayBIesayraCü)an2qñaM RBHbitaRBHGgÁk¾dak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHGgÁeTot ehIyesayraCüBI qñaM1706 dl;1714 k¾RtÚvRBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉmbeNþjecjBIraCblø½gá. \LÚvenH eRkayBI23qñaM knøgputeTARTg;)aneLIgRKgraCblø½gákm<úCaCafµImþgeTot. GñkGgÁm©as;GgÁTg RtÚvCabuRtarbs;RBH]T½y EdlyagBIcnÞtab‘un mkcuHctenAkMBt manRBHCnµ 47RBHvsSa ehIy)anRtÚvelIk[eLIgCaTI]PeyaraC. RBH]T½yCabuRta)anRtÚvelIk[eLIgCaRBH ]braC. RBHGKÁmehsIRTg;TTYlRBHzan³CasemþcRBHCatikSRtI. cMENkÉRBHFemµaraCaGgÁÉmCa RBHraCbuRtamYyGgÁeTotEdlmanRBHCnµ29RBHvsSa)anTTYlRBHzan³CaRBHEkvh‘VaehIy)anerob GaBah_BiBah_CamYym©as;kSRtIGñkGgÁmuI CabuRtIrbs;nagGgÁsUrEdlsuKteTAenAeBlRbsURtbuRt. raCBgSavtar)anelIkeLIgfa enAeBlenaHTenøemKgÁmanCMnn;mYyFMxusEbøkBIerogral;qñaM ehIy nigmankareQøaHRbEkkRbyuT§KñarvagBYkExµr nigBYkGaNÑamenAkñúgExRt)asak; ¬sukRTaMg¦. BYk GaNÑam RtÚv)anvay[braC½y k¾naMKñadkfyeTAenAelIekaHhugBammIsa kñúgTenøemKgÁ ehIy)an ykTIenaHrs;enAerobcMhak;bIdUcCam©as;kmµsiT§iEtmþg. BIrqñaMeRkayBIm:ak;KUTTYlmrNPaB)at;eTAkñúgGayu78qñaM qñaM1738 RBHraCakm<úCaFmµaraCa )aneqøót»kasEdlmanCemøaHmYyekIteLIgrvagBYkExµrCamYynwgbkSBYkrbs;m:ak;tug CakUnrbs; m:ak;KU EdleLIgkan;GMNactBI«Buk )anmanbMNgcg;deNþImykhaeTogmkvij. k¾b:uEnþhaeTog man kmøaMgkarBary:agrwgmaM nigbuinRbsb; eFVI[xagkm<úCaxatbg;kmøaMgGs;CaeRcIn k¾dkfymkvij. 330 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 46 eKniyayfa enAeBlenaHraCvaMgkm<úCa mandMrIsmYyk,al.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 331 enAqñaM1747 RBHraCa)anGaBaF ehIysuKteTA enAkñúgRBHCnµ57RBHvsSa. RBHGgÁesay raCü 3dg )an12qñaM ehIymanry³eBlyUrCageKenAkñúgrC¢kalcugeRkay KW)an10qñaM. 31- RBHFemµaraCaTI5-GgÁÉm ¬1747¦ RBHEkvh‘VaGgÁÉm EdlRBHFemµaraCaCaRBHbita)anlHbg;RBHnam nigsiT§iTaMgGs;fVaykalBIqñaM 1733 )aneLIgesayraCübnþkñúgRBHCnµ42RBHvsSa. karEdlRBHbitalHbg;RBHnam nigsiT§i GMNacfVaykalBIeBlmunenH)aneFVI[namuWnsBVmuxm®nþIeRCIstaMgRBHGgÁeLIg. RBHGnuCrbs;RBHGgÁ RBHnamfaGgÁhuIg EdlRBHbita)anfVayRBHnamfa RsIsurieyaBN’enAkñúg»kaseFVIBiFIekarCuk )an bHe)areLIgdeNþImraCsm,tþi TaMgRBHGgÁeTIbEtmanRBHCnµminTan;RKb; 16RBHvsSapg47. RTg;)an eFVIXatRBHraCa ehIycg;eLIgesayraCüCMnYs k¾b:uEnþnamuWnsBVmuxm®nþIminRBm ehIy)anelIkRBH ]PeyaraC GñkGgÁtn; ehAfa RBHGgÁTg [eLIgkan;GMNacvij. 32- ramaFibtI-RBHGgÁTg ¬1747-1749¦ kSRtGgÁenHmanRBHCnµ56RBHvsSa nigmanRBHzan³CaRBH]PeyaraCGs;kal 10qñaMmk ehIy. eK)anelIk[RTg;eLIgkan;GMNac k¾b:uEnþminEmnelIk[eLIgRKgraCblø½gáeT KWTuk[EtRBHGgÁ cat;EcgraCkic©kñúgzan³CaRBH]PeyaraCb:ueNÑaH. enAqñaM1748 BYkkSRtaEdlePosRBHkayeTAKg;enAkUsaMgsuInkalBI10qñaMmun CamYy RBHstßa )ancab;dwknaMT½BGaNÑamcUllukluykm<úCa. BYkeK)anvayecAhVayExRt)asak; elak ]kj:anernÞKuk EdldwknaMT½BmYykgtUcEdlekNÐ)anTaMgRbjibRbjab;eTATb;Tl; ehIyRtÚvbgç¿[dk fymkkan;ekaHhugBamemsvij. rYcehIykgT½Brbs;RBHGgÁ)aneFVIdMeNIreq<aHmkxageCIg nigmkCit dl;]tþúgÁ. mkdl;TIenaH eKCYbCamYyT½Brbs;elaknaykrdæm®nþI ecAh‘VaÉk k¾vayT½BenaH[EbkExJk 47 kSRtakm<úCa eRcInEt)anTTYleQµaH3dgenAkñúg1CIvit ³ KWTTYleQµaHmþgenAeBlEdleKerobcMBiFIekarsk;éRBBI kMeNIt/ mþgeTotenAkñúg»kasekarCuk EdlCaBiFIerobcMfVayeBleBjv½y ehIymþgeTotenAeBlEdlerobcMBiFI GPieskCaesþc Ca]braC b¤k¾CaRBH]PeyaraC. RBHGgÁGac nigmanRBHnamTI4 mYyeTotenAeBlEdlRTg;suKt. muneBlTTYlRBHnamkñúgBiFIekarCuk RBHkSRtaGgÁenHmanRBHnamfa GgÁhuIg. RTg;CabuRtarbs;RBHFemµaraCa CamYynwg Gñkmñagesommñak;eQµaH Gñkmñagr½tñ ¬1730¦ ehIyRTg;manRBHGnuCrYmmatamYyGgÁeTotRBHnamfa RBHGgÁdYg.
x©at;x©ayGs;eTA.RBHraCaGgÁTgRBH]braCRBH]T½yCaraCbuRtaRBHRsIC½yeCdæa¬GñkGgÁsܶn¦Cabg b¥ÚnCIdUnmYy nigRtÚvCabuRtarbs;RBHRsIbTumraCa nigCaRBHGnuCrbs;RBHFemµaraCaEdlRBHsurieya BN’ )aneFVIXat k¾naMKñart;eTARsukesomsuMCMnYy. GtItRBHmhakSRtbrmraCa nigRBHGnuCGñkGgÁÉmk¾eLIgCam©as;Rsuk ehIy)anyagmkKg;enA ]tþúgÁ enAkñúgraCvaMgrbs;RBH]PeyaraC EdlsßitenABIxaglicbwg):am:a. RBHGgÁminGacbBa¢aeTAelI kgT½BGaNÑam)aneT k¾beNþay[BYkenaHdwknaMRbeTs eFVI)abRbCara®sþ naM[ra®sþekþARkhay xwgsm,akan;EtxøaMgeLIg²ral;éf¶. elak RkLaehamGuk nigecAhVayExRteBaFisat;elak]kj:asYK’aelak G‘uk eRkayBI)anCUn dMeNIrRBH]PeyaraCqøgkat;Tl;EdnrYcehIy k¾Rtlb;mkeBaFisat;vij erobcMeRCIserIskgT½B. BYk ]tþmesnIy_GaNÑamk¾dwknaMT½BeFVIdMeNIrsMedAmkkan;ExRteBaFisat;.kñúgCamYyKñaenaHRBHGgÁhuIgRsI surieyaBN’k¾)andwknaMT½BExµrmYykg tameCIgTwkmkEdr. emdwknaMT½BeRkayenH)anRtÚvsøab; enAeBl eRkaybnþicmk EtT½BGaNÑam)aneFVIdMeNIrmkdl;valRsabGgáam ¬rlaeb¥ór¦ ehIye)aHTItaMgenA kEnøgenaHEtmþg.eBlenaHelakRkLaehamk¾elIkT½Bmkdl;vayRbhareTAelIT½BGaNÑamEdldwknaM edayGñkGgÁeGg[braC½yTaMgRsugehIyrt;eKcxøÜnkat;mux]tþúgÁminh‘ancUlkñúgRkúgeT.GñkGgÁÉmnig GtItRBHraCaFemµaraCak¾rYsran;naMRKÜsarrt;tamBYkGaNÑam vilRtlb;eTAkUsaMgsuInvijEdr. GñkGgÁ Ém yagmkdl;kMBg;qñaMgmin)anb:unµanpg k¾suKteTA ¬1748¦. cMENkÉGtItRBHraCaFemµaraC )an yageTAdl;GaNÑam b:uEnþedayenOyht;CaxøaMg k¾suKteTAkñúgqñaMenaHEdr kñúgCnµayu 43RBHvsSa. elakRkLaeham Guk nigecAhVayExRteBaFisat;k¾cat;EcgerobcMRsukeTseLIgvij pøas;bþÚr ecAhVayExRtNaEdlKµansmtßPaB eKcevHmin)anTb;Tl;CamYysRtÚv rYc)anesñIsuMesþcesom[ bBa¢ÚnRBHRsIC½yeCdæaGgÁs¶Ün EdlRtÚvCabuRtarbs;RBHraCaRsIbTumraCa EdlGg;GackøahanCag [ mkTYlraCsm,tþienAkm<úCa KWmin)ansuM[bBa¢ÚnRBHraCaGgÁTgb¤RBH]PeyaraC]T½y EdlGs;esckþI køahaneTAehIyenaHeT. esþcesom)anyl;RBmtamsMeNIenH ehIyk¾bBa¢ÚnRBHRsIC½yeCdæa [vil Rtlb;mkvijCamYym®nþIesomCaeRcInnak; sRmab;eFVICaTIRbwkSaCYyRBHGgÁ. 33- RBHC½yeCdæaTI5 GgÁs¶Ün ¬1749-1755¦ RBHC½yeCdæa eBlenaHmanRBHCnµ42RBHvsSaehIy. RBHGgÁCaRBHraCbuRtarbs;RBH)aT FemµaraCa EdlRBHsurieyaBN’GgÁhuIg)aneFVIKut. RBHGgÁRtÚv)anGPiesk[eLIgesayraCüeRkam 332 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 333 RBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcesþcRBHraC»gáarRBHRsIC½yeCdæaFiraCbrmbBiRt. RBHGgÁTTYlsÁal;KuNUbkar³rbs;ecAhVayExRteBaFisat; Edl)ans‘UbþÚrnwgRBHGgÁenAkñúgeBlman s®gÁamemø:aHehIyRBHGgÁk¾EtgtaMg[eFVICaecAh‘VaKWnaykrdæm®nþI.karelIktemáIgecAhVayExRteBaFisat; enH )aneFVI[namuWnm®nþIcas;²ekItkarRcENn k¾XubXitKñaeFVIy:agNabMEbkelak ecAh‘Va ecjBIRBHT½y RBHraCa.BYkm®nþITaMgGs;enaHcak;rukfaelakecAh‘Vak,t;manbMNgcg;deNþImykraCsm,tþirhUtdl; RBHraCaeCOehIy)ancat;[Cnm:aeLmñak;eQµaHfab:ULWEm:nlYceFVIXatelakecAh‘Vaecal.elakecA h‘VaGukdwgerOgenHk¾eKcxøÜneTAenAÉRsukesomeTAehIyRBHraCak¾elIk]kj:acRkIBU[eLIgCMnYsvij. enAqñaM1751 BYkGñkGgÁm©as;EdlePosRBHkayeTAKg;enAÉRsukesomtaMgBIqñaM1748 )an TTYlkarGnuBaØatBIRBHraCaesom[vilRtlb;mkRsukvij ehIy)anmktaMgRBHraCdMNak;enABamcas; kñúgRsukeBaFiem)a. RBH]braC]T½y EdlRbEhlCaminKaMRTEpnkarrbs;RBHbitarbs;RBHGgÁ kñúgkar Tmøak;RBHraCaRsIC½yeCdæaBIraCsm,tþi)anyagcUlsagRBHpñÜsenAGgÁrvtþ.cMENkRBHGgÁTgEdleK bgç¿[TTYltYnaTICaRBH]PeyaraC bnÞab;BIkareRCIserIsRBHmhakSRtfµI[RKgraCblø½gáehIyenaH )an yageTAKg;enAkñúgExRtRkg sßitenAtammat;RcaMgTenøxagsþaMPaKxagt,ÚgbMputénbwgTenøsab. kñúgeBlCamYyKñaenaH manm®nþImñak;eQµaHfa ekSRtÉk EdlePosxøÜneTAenARsukesom )an erobcMEpnkarTmøak;RBHRsIC½yeCdæaecjBIraCblø½gá edIm,IelIkGñkGgÁm©as;tn; buRtarbs;RBH]braC EdlyagcUlsagRBHpñÜsenAGgÁrvtþ [eLIgesayraCüvij. m®nþIenaH)anbBa¢ÚnkUnRbúsrbs;xøÜn[ eTAekNÐT½BkñúgcMeNamGñkRsukEdlrs;enAÉPñMex¢al. eTAdl;PñMex¢al kUnm®nþIenaH)anCYbCamYymnusS Lb;stimñak;eQµaH sYs EdlGñkRsukeKarBRslaj; eCOfaCamnusSmanbuNümankmøaMgmhima ehIy naMKñaehAfa sIlsYs. Epnkark,t;enH)aneFVI[rMxandl;RBH]PeyaraCCaxøaMg RBHGgÁk¾erobcMGnÞak; cab; ekSRtÉk )an rYcehIyk¾smøab;ecaleTA. eBlenaHsIlsYsmanT½B3Ban;nak; )anRbkasxøÜn eLIgCaRBHGgÁy:g CaeQµaHGñkGgÁm©as;mYyGgÁEdlsuKtyUrNas;mkehIy ehIy)anelIkCnxVinxVg; mñak;Caesþc dak;eQµaHfa RBH)aTGgÁúlIraC. RBH]PeyaraC)anekNÐkmøaMg rYcehIyyageTAkan;PUmi k,alRkbI enAxaglic]tþúgÁ CaTIkEnøgEdlkUnrbs;ekSRtÉk nigsIlsYsrs;enA edaymanRBHEkvh‘Va nigRBHGgÁGat eTACamYypg. mnusSTaMg2nak;enH RtÚveKcab;)an ehIysmøab;ecaleTA. bnÞab;mk RBH]PeyaraC)annaMT½BeTAvayesþcGgÁúlIraCeTot. RTg;)anvaybMEbkT½Brbs;esþcenH rYccab;esþc GgÁúlIraCykeTAsmøab;ecalenAÉkMErgPñMRsg; enAkñúgExRtRkg. RbEhlenAcugqñaM1753 RBH]PeyaraC)anyagmkKg;enA]tþúgÁvij edIm,I[)anCitRBHraCa
CaRBHPaKienyü.enAqñaMbnÞab;mkeTotbuRtarbs;RBHGgÁKWGñkGgÁsUrehARBH]braC]T½y)anesayTi vgÁtenAkñúgvtþGgÁrvtþ. eBlenaHRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµ40RBHvsSa. buRtarbs;RBHGgÁ )anRbkan; yknamRBHbitafa RBH]T½y edIm,ICakarbBa¢ak;faRBHGgÁRTg;eLIgsñgbnþBIRBHbita. b:uEnþzan³Ca RBH]braC)anRtÚvFøak;eTAelIRBHGgÁhuIgRsIsurieyaBN’ EdlRtÚvCabuRtarbs;GtItRBHraCaRBHC½y eCdæa ehIyCaXatkrRBHraCaFemµaraCaGgÁÉmenAqñaM1747. RBHraCaC½yeCdæa)ansuKtenAkñúgqñaM1755kñúgRBHCnµayu46RBHvsSaeRkayBIRTg;esayraC sm,tþi)an7qñaM. 34- RBHramaFibtI-GgÁTg ¬1756-1757¦ RBH]PeyaraC EdlFøab;esayraCü)anmYyqñaMmþgrYcmkehIykalBIqñaM1748-1749 )an RtÚvBYk)arKU nignamuWnsBVmuxm®nþIelIk[eLIgesayraCümþgeTotenAedImqñaM1756 enAeBlEdlRTg; manRBHCnµayu57RBHvsSa. RBHGgÁmanRBHzan³CaGñkRKgraCü b¤raCanusiT§i. enAkñúgqñaMenaHEdr eRkayBImanCemøaHtUctacmYy RBH]braCsurieyaBN’)anmanbMNgeFVIXat RBH]T½y ¬GgÁtn;¦ k¾b:uEnþRBHGgÁtn;)anePosRBHkayeTAdl;Bam-haeTog EdlkUnmñak;rbs;GtItem ecarsmuRTm:ak;KU KWm:ak;tug48 kMBugRtÜtRtakEnøgenaHbeRmI[plRbeyaCn_esþcGaNÑam. m:ak;KU)an RBÜtédCamYyT½BExµrmYykg vayRbhareTAelIT½BeCIgTwkesommYykg EdlmanbMNgeLIgeKak enABam enH[braC½yenAkñúgqñaM1722 ehIyKat;)ansøab;enAkñúgqñaM1737. RBHGgÁtn;)anRBmeRBógKñanwg m:ak;tug edIm,ITmøak;RBHGgÁTgecjBIraCblø½gá. enAeBlEdl m:ak;tug bBa¢ÚnebskCneTA bBa©úHbBa©Úl GñkRsukenAkñúgExRtRTaMg bnÞaymas )aTI nigéRBkb,as RBHGgÁtn;)anyageTAkan;ExRtRtavij kñúg cMeNamRbCaCn EdlsßitenAeRkamGMNacGaCJaFrGaNÑam taMgBIb:unµanqñaMmkehIy. RTg;ekNÐT½B)an y:agqab;rh½s ehIyerobcMecjCa3kg edaydak;enAeRkambBa¢akarm®nþIExµrEdlesµaHnwgRBHGgÁ 3nak; rYc[ecjdMeNIrmkkan;]tþúgÁtampøÚvepSg²Kña. m:ak;tugdwknaMT½BCaBYkecarbøn;mYykg eFVIdMeNIrBI xageRkayT½BExµrTaMg3kg. T½BRBH]T½yraCaTTYl)anT½BCMnYymYyenARksaMg enAxageCIgCitmat;RCÚk ¬cUvduk¦. mkdl;PñMeBj emT½BTaMg3)anvayT½BRBH]braCRsIsurieyaBN’ [braC½yenAkñúgsmrPUmi 334 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 48 BYkGaNÑamehAfa m:ak;FanTW ExµrehAfa RBHsuTtþ.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 335 mYy RBHRsIsurieyaBN’ )anrt;ePosRBHkay)at;eTA. RBH]T½y )ancat;kmøaMg[edjtam cab;RBH RsIsurieyaBN’)anenAExRtéRBkþI kñúgdIkMBg;sVay ehIyeFVIXatecaleTA. RBHGnuCrbs;RBH]braC KWRBHEkvh‘VaGgÁdYgEdlyagcUlsagRBHpñÜseRBaHmincg;manbBaðaCamYyRBH]T½y)anRtÚveKbgç¿[la caksikçabT49 rYcehIyRtÚveKeFVIXatEdr enAeBlyagecjputBIbrievNvtþs,wg. eRkayBIeFVIXatesþcTaMg2GgÁrYc RBH]T½y )anyagcUlKal;RBHraCaGgÁTgCaRBHGyüeka eday\teGonxµas ehIysuMkarGnuBaØatnaMykRBHraCvgSanuvgS nigbriBarmkrs;enAxageCIgvtþRBH ectiyfµI. RBHraCaRTg;)anGnuBaØattamsMeNI edayminGaceFVIGVI)an eRBaHRBH]T½ymanT½BrwgmaM. BIrExeRkaymk enAeBlEdlBYkTahanmYycMnYnFMvilRtlb;eTARsukkMeNItvijehIy RBH]T½y TTYldMNwgfa mehsIemm:ayrbs;RBH]braCRsIsurieyaBN’ )anerobcMEpnkarRbqaMgnwgRBHGgÁ edaymanm®nþIFM²CaeRcIncUlrYmpg ehIyBYkeKkMBugRbúgeRbóbebIkkarvayRbharmkelIRBHGgÁ ehIy.edayP½yxøaccMeBaHkarvayRbharenHRBHGgÁ)annaMRBHraCvgSnigesnaGamatüyagecjBI ]tþúgÁ mkKg;enAÉeRCaycgVa cMBImuxPñMeBjvij rYcehIy)ancat;taMgm®nþI nigemT½BmYycMnYn[ecj ekNÐT½BsaCafµI. eBlBinitüeXIjfaRBH]T½yeFVIxøÜnCaesþc ehIyRbúgeRbóbvayRbhareTAelIRBHmehsIem m:ayrbs;RBH]braCdUecñH RBHraCaGgÁTgk¾manesckþIkøahaneLIgvij ehIyekNÐT½BmYykgvayeTA elIBYkbHe)ar. b:uEnþT½BenHbraC½y RBHraCak¾eKcxøÜnecjBIraCFanI]tþúgÁ eTAKg;enAÉExRteBaFisat; edaynaMykkSRtakSRtI manGñkGgÁm©as;GgÁTg GgÁnn; RBHrama nigesnaGamatüTaMgGs; eTACamYy pg. RBHGgÁ)ansuKtenATIenaH eRkayBIyageTAdl;)anbnþic kñúgRBHCnµayu 65RBHvsSa. srubeTA RBHGgÁ)anesayraCsm,tþi 3qñaM kñúgcenøaHeBlmYyEdlmanry³ 70qñaM. minyUrb:unµaneRkaymk RBH]T½y)an[eKeFVIXatRBHmehsIemm:ay rbs;RBH]braC nigRBH buRtac,grbs;GgÁTg EdlRBHnagmanCamYyRBHFemµaraCaCaRBHsVamImun eRkayBI)annaMykBIbevl CaPUmimYyenAxagekItéRBb£sSIsaj;mkvij.RTg;)andkecAhVayExRtkMBg;sVayecjBItMENgEdl TTYlGñkGgÁm©as;GgÁnn;rama nigGgÁC½y[sñak;enA ehIydak;GñkCMnitrbs;RBHGgÁEdlcab;GñkGgÁm©as; 49 karRKgcIvrelOgGaceFVI[eKcputBIkarcab;eTaséBr_)an. eKnwgCYberOgdUcKñaenARsukesom enAeBlEdlesþc ERCkraCü PüaTn RtÚveFVIXat.
TaMg2 dak;kñúgRTúgfVayRBHGgÁ CMnYsvij. enAkñúgeBlkMBugeFVIdMeNIr m®nþImñak;rbs;RBH]T½y KWBjac½nÞ )ankab;bM)ak;RTúgrMedaHykRBHGgÁnn;ramart;eKceTARsukesom.enAsl;EtRBHGgÁC½yb:ueNÑaHEdl RBHGgÁTg )an[eKsmøab;ecalenA]tþúgÁ. edIm,IrMgab;kartv:arbs;BYkGaNÑam EdlecaTfaRBHGgÁ)ancUleTAkñúgTwkdIkUsaMgsuIn rhUtdl; ExRtvijLúg eRCIserIsT½BeFVIs®gÁamRbqaMgnwgRBHraCamun RBH]T½y)anRbKl;eTA[GaNÑam nUvTwkdI 2kEnøg KWdItaMpugLúgEdleRkaymkKWExRtGagy:ag nigmYykEnøgeTot EdleRkaymk eKbegáIt)an CaRsuk2 KWcan;dn nigs‘uyLab; ehIyP¢ab;eTAkñúgExRtvijLúg ¬1757¦. 35- RBHRsIsurieyaBN’-RBH]T½y ¬1758-1775¦ eRkayBIRTg;)anRbRBwtþGMeBI]RkidæepSg²dUcEdl)anerobrab;xagelIrYcehIy GñkGgÁtn; ehAfa RBH]T½yCabuRtarbs;RBH]braCRBH]T½yEdlsuKteTAenAGgÁrvtþkalBIqñaM1753nigRtÚvCaRBHntþa rbs;RBHraCaGgÁTgnigCakUnciBa©wmrbs;m:ak;tug)aneLIgesayraCüenAkñúgRBHCnµ20RBHvsSaeRkam RBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcesþcRBHraC»gáarRBHnrayN_raCaFiraCramaFibtIRBHRsIsurieyaBN’brm suernÞ. RBHecAGaNÑam)anRbkasTTYlsÁal;esþckm<úCaenHPøam. esþcenHminRKan;EtCaCn]RkidæcMeBaH raCvgSanuvgSb:ueNÑaHeT k¾b:uEnþ)ank,t;RbeTsCatiEfmeTot. RTg;)anRbKl;TwkdIExRtBIr EdleKehA sBVéf¶fasukRtaMgnigRtavijeTA[BYkGaNÑam.KWedayEbbenHehIyEdlrdæaPi)alRkúgev:)aneqøót yk»kasEdlRbeTskm<úCaCYbRbTHnwgkarlM)ak deNþImykTwkdIkUsaMgsuIndak;bBa©ÚlmkkñúgkarRKb; RKgrbs;xøÜnbnþicmþg². ehIyBYkGaNÑamenHelaPln;minecHsáb;sál;eT. erobcMExRtTaMg2minTan; TaMg)anRsYlbYlpg BYkenHk¾cab;taMgksagbnÞayenAsaEdk ¬pSarEdk¦ enAKULavyag ¬ekaHetg¦ nigenAcUvduk ¬mat;RCÚk¦ EfmeTot. b:uEnþraCBgSavtarExµr)anelIkeLIgfa RBHraCa]T½yCaesþcl¥ manRBHT½yTUlay ehIycUlcitþ dak;Tan. RTg;)anbric©aKRBHraCRTBüCaeRcIndak;Tandl;sµÚmyack nigbUCafVayRBHBuT§ nigBuT§sasnik edIm,IsnSMbuNüeCosvagGkuslkmµTaMg5y:ag nig)abkmµTaMg14Ebb. manTuK’tCnCaeRcInkat;BITI q¶ay² mkTTYlTanBIRBHGgÁ. enHKWCakarvinicä½yGMBIGtßRbeyaCn_epSg²EdleKGaceqøótTaj yk)anBIRBHGgÁ. RBHGgÁsBVRBHT½ynwgpþl;dMbUnµan eyalbl;l¥²dl;namuWnm®nþI nigCMruj[BYkenaHeFVITan eCos 336 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 337 vag)abkmµ. RTg;eQVgyl;faRBHGgÁKWCaeBaFistVmYyGgÁEdlRtÚvcuHmkCYyse®gÁaHstVelak éf¶NamYy RBHGgÁnwgnaMGñkTaMgGs;enaHCaeRcInryBan;eLIgCiHelIsMeBAmasmYyqøgkat;mhasmuRT ebIeTaHCamanBüúHbk;e)aky:agNakþI. enAqñaM1763 eBlEdlsPaBkarN_kñúgRbeTss¶b;s¶at;l¥ehIy RBH]T½y)anRbKl;kardwknaM RbeTs[m®nþIFM²TTYl rYcehIyRTg;yagRKgs,g;BN’elOg sagRBHpñÜs3Ex eTIblacaksikçabT mk Kg;elIraCblø½gávij. enAkñúgqñaM1765 RBHraCa)anelIkRBHmehsIGñkmñagmalinÞbu)aövtI [eLIgCasemþcRBHPKvtI rYcehIy)anEksRmÜlBiFIkareday[m®nþITaMgLayeqøIynwgRBHmhakSRtIfa RBHkruNaBiess cMENk ÉPriyam®nþITaMgenaHvij RTg;[ehARBHmhakSRtIfa RBHEm:. 2qñaMeRkaymkesþcPUma50 EdleFVIs®gÁamCamYyesþcesomtaMgBIExmkraqñaM1765eRkayBI )andeNþImyktav:y EmrKuy ehIynigetNas;esrImrYcmk )andeNþImykGyuFüaeTot eRkayBI h‘umB½T§Cab;Gs;ry³eBl2Ex rYcdutkemÞcexÞcxÞI ¬éf¶TI28 Exemsa qñaM1767¦. eBlenaHmanGñkGgÁ m©as;esommYyGgÁ EdlraCBgSavtarExµrehAfaRBHecAeLsag )anrt;eKceTAeLIgeKakenAhaeTog edayTTYlkarEfTaMBIRBHsgÇkatUlikeQµaH BIj:Ú rYcehIy)anmkesñIsuMRCkekanenAraCvaMg]tþúgÁ51 . eRkayBIraCFanIesomFøak;cUlkñúgédsRtÚvrYcmk manekItCMgWeb:sþ nigGasnñeraK RBmTaMgman ecarlYcecarbøn;BaseBjRbeTs.eBlenaHmankUnkat;cinkñúgshKmn_éhhugmñak;eQµaHfaPüatakb¤ ecABjatak CaecAhVayExRtmYyenATisxageCIg EdlmanT½B1Ban;nak; )anvayBYkPUma[braC½yCa eRcInelIkeRcInsa. edayraCFanIGyuFüa)anRtÚvbMpøajexÞcxÞIGs; ehIyRBHraCak¾RtÚv)aneKeFVIKut eToteFVI[raCblø½gáenATMenr Püatakk¾RbkasxøÜneLIgCaRBHraCaesom enAÉ)agpøasy. Püatak Edl eFVIdMeNIrmkdl;ry:g)anRtÚvRbCaCnGbGrTTYlcat;TukfaCaGñkrMedaHehIynaMKñacUlbeRmIkgT½BeFVI[ cMnYnekIneLIgdl; 2Ban;nak;. eBlenaHecAhVayExRtcnÞtab‘unminRBmcMNuH TTYlsÁal;GMNacrbs; Püatak eT/ Püatak k¾vaylukdeNþImykExRtcnÞtab‘un rYcehIyk¾dwknaMT½BEdlmancMnYnkan;EteRcIn eLIgeTAvayBYkPUmaeTot. PüatakvayQñHBYkPUmaenAsmrPUmiCaeRcIn ehIy)anrujRcanBYkenH[dk 50 enaHKWRBHraCaTI3énsnþtivgSGaeLagRpa Edl)aneLIgesayraCüelIraCblø½gáGv:aeRkayBIbdivtþn_qñaM1754. 51 GñkGgÁm©as;enH)ansuKtkm<úCakñúgqñaM1771.raCBgSavtarGaNÑamehARBHGgÁfaecAsuIsag.cMENkbBVCitBIj:Ú vij eRkaymk)anTTYlzan³Ca eGEv:kGaRdg;.
fyecjBIRBHraCaNacRkeTA. C½yCmñHTaMgGs;enH )aneFVI[PüatakkøayeTACamnusSGs©arüCageK enAkñúgRsukesom RbCara®sþTaMgGs;TTYlsÁal;kñúgzan³CaemdwknaM. Püatak )anmktaMgraCvaMgenA )agkk bþÚreQµaHdak;fa caNaburI vij Rtg;kEnøgEdlRBHnrayN_)aneFVIsm,TanRbKl;[RbeTs )araMgBImun EdlenACakmµsiT§irbs;BYk)araMgenAeLIy fVIebI)araMgmin)anmktaMgTIenAk¾eday. Püatak cg;[RBHraCaExµrTTYlsÁal;GFiraCPaBrbs;esom ehIycat;Tukkm<úCaCanKrsamnþraC mYy dUcEdlesþcesommun²EtgEtKitG‘ÍcwgEdr k¾cat;bBa¢ÚnraCTUt[naMsarmkfVay manGtßn½yfa {sUm[RBHraCakm<úCarkSaTuknUvRbéBNIEdlFøab;mantaMgEtBImun kuMbIKitdl;karpøas;bþÚrEdlekItman eLIgGaRs½yedayRBwtþikarN_FM²b:Bal;dl;RBHraCaNacRkesomenaH} ehIyfaRBHraCakm<úCaRtÚv elIksYysarGakreTAfVay dUcEdlRBHraCamun²Føab;)anGnuvtþknøgmk. raCBgSavtark¾manniyay pgEdrfa RBHGgÁ)anTamTar[ExµrbBa¢ÚnGñkGgÁm©as;esommYyGgÁ Edlrt;mkRCkekanenAkñúgraCvaMg ]tþúgÁeTAvijeTotpg. eBlenaHRBHraCakm<úCaRBH]T½ysurieyaBN’EdlFøab;EtCaesþcbHe)armYyGgÁehIyEdl)an eLIgesayraCüedaysarEtkarcgsm<½n§emRtICamYyGaNÑam rYc)anRbKl;ExRt2[ nigFøab;)aneFVI XatraCvgSCaeRcInGgÁedIm,IkuM[mkraraMgkareLIgRKgraCblø½gárbs;RBHGgÁ KWCasRtÚvnwgGtItRBHraCa NacRkesomEdlEtgEtTMnukbRmúg CMruj[manesþcRbqaMgnwgRsukExµr\tdac; RTg;minTTYlsÁal;fa ra®sþsamBaØmñak;GaceLIgesayraCüelIraCblø½gáesom)aneT eTaHbIfaCnenaH)anCYyse®gÁaHrMedaH RbeTsBIkarRtÜtRtarbs;sRtÚvk¾eday. RTg;)ancat;TukPüatakfaminmanzan³esµI nwgRBHGgÁeT. RBH GgÁ)antbRBHraCsareTAvijfa{RTg;minGaccrcaesµIPaBKñaCamYymnusSmñak;EdlekItecjBIBaNiC¢- krcinmñak;CamYynwgRsIesomsamBaØmñak;)aneTebIeTaHCafaCnenaHmansmtßPaBpÞal;xøÜndUcemþckþI}. TTYl)anraCsarenH Püatak RceLatxwgy:agxøaMg ehIy)anebþCJafanwgTmøak;RBHraCakm<úCaenH ecjBIraCblø½gá[)an. edIm,IseRmcbMNgenH RTg;)ancab;epþImbMpusbMpulrkesþcRbqaMgmYyGgÁ ehIy)aneRCIserIsykGñkGgÁm©as;GgÁnn;rama Edl)anrt;ePosRBHkaymkKg;enARsukesom Ca mYym®nþImñak;EdlFøab;kab;bM)ak;RTúgrMedaHRBHGgÁmk. Püatak)an[T½BesommYykgCUnRBHGgÁnn; ramaeFVIdMeNIrmkkan;]tþúgÁkat;tampøÚvnKrvtþ edIm,IesñIRbKl;[namuWnsBVmuxm®nþIenAkñúgRBHraCaNacRk EdlminsUvCaeBjcitþnwgRBH]T½yRsIsurieyaBN’b:unµanenaH seRmc. eBleFVIdMeNIrmkdl;GgÁrvtþ kgT½BenHe)aHCMrMsRmak rg;caMkarRbyuT§. RBHraCakm<úCaeBlenaH )ancat;[ekNÐT½BmYykg dak;enA eRkambBa¢akarrbs;elakRkLaeham ):ag. RkLaeham):ag)anRtÚveKRbhar)an enAkñúgkarRbyuT§ 338 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 339 dMbUg k¾b:uEnþkgT½BExµrEdlminmankartk;søúteRBaH)at;bg;emekayenaH )anbnþkarRbyuT§rhUtTal;Et TTYl)anC½yCmñHelIT½Besom eFVI[BYkenHEbk)ak;rt;x©at;x©ayeTARsukvijGs; enAkñúgqñaM176952 . enAeBlenaH m:ak;tugEdlExµreyIgehAfa RBHsuTtþ ecAhVayExRthaeTog EdlTTYldMNwgBIkar vayRbharenHBIesþcGaNÑam )anseRmccitþeFVIGnþraKmn_CYyRBHraCakm<úCa. Kat;)anekNÐT½BExµr mYykgecjBIExRtRTaMgnigbnÞaymasrYc)andwknaMTaMgtameCIgeKaknigtameCIgTwkeTAvaylukGaNa ExRtmat;smuRTrbs;esom. enAeBlkdl;cnÞtab‘un T½Bm:ak;tug)anCYbRbyuT§CamYyT½BesommYykg EdlkMBugenArg;caM T½BesomenaH)anvay[m:ak;tugbraC½y rt;ecalTUkkþar nigsmÖarmYycMnYn cUleTA haeTogvij. esþcesom)anyagRtlb;mk)agkkvijehIy)anerobcMnavamYykgrYcnaMT½BeLIgCiHsMeBACamYy RBHGgÁm©as;GgÁnn;rama ecjdMeNIrsMedAmkhaeTog vaydeNþImykExRtenH)an nigcab;RkúmRKÜsar m:ak;tug mYycMnYnCacMNab;xµaMg Ém:ak;tug)anrt;eKcxøÜn)at;eTA. kñúgeBlCamYyKñaenaH kgT½BeCIgeKak esommYykg EdlenAeRkambBa¢akarrbs;ymraCesommñak; )anqøgkat;RBMEdnExµrPaKxageCIgeFVI dMeNIrkat;nKrvtþ)at;dMbg nigeBaFisat;sMedAmkrkraCFanI]tþúgÁ. Püatak nigGñkGgÁnn;rama k¾)anmk dl;PñMeBjEdr edayeFVIdMeNIrBIhaeTogmkmindl;6éf¶pg eRBaHKµanCYbT½BTb;Tl;bnþicNaesaH. edayxøacesomcab;)an RBHraCakm<úCa)annaMRBHraCvgSanuvgS nigbriBareKcecjBI]tþúgÁmk cuHnavaenAkMBg;høÜg ehIyeFVIdMeNIreTAkan;RtLúgxøúH)ak;GeBa©ón [elak ymraC dwknaMT½BnaMmux RbyuT§ y:agGg;GacCamYyT½Besom. BYkGñkRsukEdlxøacesomk¾rt;tamRBHraCaeTAEdr GñkxøHeTAdl;mat; RksH nigGnøg;b£sSI xøHeToteTAdl;RtLúgxøúH)ak;GeBa©ónEdr. enAeBlEdlRBHraCakMBugEtrt;eKceTAenaH T½BPüatak nigGñkGgÁnn;rama)aneFVIdMeNIrtammat; TenøRcabQam cab;RsI² nigykrbs;rbrGñkRsukEdlrt;eTAmat;RksHGs;eTA. enAeBlenaHehIyEdlBYkGaNÑamcab;epþImeFVIGnþraKmn_53 edayekNÐT½BmYykg mkCYbKñaCa mYynwgT½BelakymraCenABambBa©ÚsBas.T½BGaNÑamnigExµr)anTTYlC½yCmñHelIT½BesomrYc)an 52 tamraCBgSavtar)anniyayfa enAkñúgqñaMenaHmanpáayduHknÞúymYyl¥Nas; elceLIgenAkñúgedImExkBaØa ecjBITis xagekIt ehIybnþsMedAeTATisnirtI. 53 raCBgSavtarExµrniyayfa esþcGaNÑameBlenaHmanRBHnamfa y:aLúg. tamBitesþcenaHmanRBHnamfa ehVevOg GPiesknamKW egVógPukFn;. KWCabuRtarbs;RsIsñMmñak;. RBHGgÁesayraCü)an13qñaM BIqñaM1756 dl;1778.
mkedj Püatak nigGñkGgÁnn; ecjBIPñMeBj [eFVIdMeNIreTAhaeTogvij rYcT½Besom nigPüatak k¾cuHTUk eTARsukesomvijGs;eTA. ÉGñkGgÁnn; RTg;Kg;enAnwghaeTogenHCamYyT½Besom5rynak; b:uEnþbnÞab; mk )aneTAKg;enAÉkMBtvij edayminGackarBarhaeTogTb;Tl;nwgm:ak;tug)an. eTAdl;kMBt RTg;)an bnþeRCIserIsT½BbEnßmeTotBIExRtCitxag. enAPaKxageCIgT½Besomc,aMgecHEtcaj;Cajwkjy. dl;TTYldMNwgfa Püatak cuHTUkCamYy kgT½BecjBIhaeTogeTAvij k¾yl;faxøÜnkMBugEtsßitenAkñúgeRKaHmhnþrayehIy )ane)aHbg;karRbyuT§ vilRtlb;eTARsukvijEdr edaynaMykeTACamYynUveQøIyswk1muWnnak; EdleK)anRbmUlpþú¿enAeBaFisat;. eKniyayfa manGñkRsukCaeRcInRtÚvsøab;edayGt;GahartampøÚv. enAeBlGs;T½BesomehIy T½Belak ymraC k¾EbkecjBIT½BGaNÑam ehIyeFVIdMeNIreTArkT½B GñkGgÁnn;rama CYbKñaenAnwgBamrka k¾vay[braC½yeTA ¬1771¦. enAcugqñaM1771 RBHraCa )anyagmkKg;CabeNþaHGasnñenAmat;kNþúr sßitenAelITenøsab cm¶ay10KILÚEm:RtBIPñMeBj.RTg;)anTTYlyker:suIdg;GaNÑammñak;ehA)avhUmkenAnwgRBHraCvaMg. eFVIy:agenH mann½yfa RBHGgÁ )andak;RBHraCaNacRkenAeRkamGaNaBüa)alrbs;GaNÑamehIy. bnÞab;mkRBHraCa)anyagmkKg;enAnwgBak;RBR½t54 rYc)ancat;raCTUteTA)agkk crcasnþiPaBCamYy Püatak edayElgcat;esþcesomfµIenHfara®sþsamBaØmkERCkraCsm,tþi dUckalBIb:unµanqñaMmun eTotehIy. PüatakminRBmTTYlraCTUtTaMgGs;enaHeT k¾)an[eKcab;XuMTuk rYcepJIraCsarmYymkfVay RBHraCakm<úCa niyayfakarccaGacnwgmaneTA)anluHNaEtRTg;bBa¢ÚnRBHmata nigraCvgSanuvgS TaMg Gs;[eTAKg;enAÉRsukesomsin.cMENkÉm:ak;tugvijeKk¾cab;crcaCamYyesþcesomehIyhak;dUc Ca)ane)aHbg;karKaMRTesþcExµrEdr ehIy)anTTYlkarGnuBaØatBIPüatak [RkúmRKÜsarEdlesþcesom cab;TukCacMNab;xµaMgenAÉ)agkkenaHvilRtlb;eTAhaeTogvij.edIm,ICafñÚrm:ak;tug)anyl;RBmRbKl; GñkGgÁm©as;esommYyGgÁEdlePosxøÜnmkKg;enAraCvaMgkm<úCa ehIyEdlRBHraCakm<úCaRbEkkminRBm RbKl;[eTA Püatak. Püatakk¾naMykGñkGgÁm©as;esomenaH eTA)agkkvijrYceFVIXatecaleTA. enAkñúgqñaM1774 RBHraCakm<úCa)anyagecjBIraCdMNak;Bak;RBR½t mkKg;enAÉekaHcin CaekaH 340 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 54 PUmienHenACit]tþúgÁ Rtg;kEnøgmYymanenArhUtdl;sBVéf¶ sRmab;TukEs,keKaRkbIEdl)arKU vHTukeFVICaRB½Rt enAkñúgRBHraCBiFIGuMTUk naéf¶eBjbUN’mI Extula.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 341 mYyenAkñúgTenøsab sßitenAcMBImuxkMBg;høÜg minTan;h‘anyagRtlb;cUlraCFanIvijeT edayxøacRBH GgÁm©as;GgÁnn;rama EdlkMBugEteXasnaerIsT½BenAkñúgGaNaExRtxaglic cab;RBHGgÁ)an. GnaFibetyümanRKb;TIkEnøg nKrTaMgmUlvilRtlb;mkrkPaBéRBépSeLIgvij. manExRt CaeRcInEdlmineKarBRBHraCa Etk¾minsþab;bBa¢arbs;esþcbHe)arEdr. ecAhVayExRtRbmUlBn§)an Etmin)anykmkbg;CUgraCkareT ÉGñkRbmUlBn§RtÚvRbCara®sþedjmin[cUlkñúgPUmi. enAkEnøgxøH RbCaCnRtÚveKbgç¿[bg;Bn§[PaKITaMg2. ra®sþrgTukçevTna CMgWGasnñeraKratt,at ehIyCMgWGut )aneFVI[GñkRsuksøab;Gs;CaeRcIn. raCBgSavtar)anniyayfa enATIbBa©b; edayRTg;manemtþakruNadl;RbCanura®sþxøaMgeBk RBHraCak¾suxRBHT½ylHbg;raCsm,tþifVaydl;RBHGgÁnn;rama CaKURbNaMgRbECg nigCasRtÚvpg enAkñúgqñaM1775. RTg;esayraCü)an17qñaM ehIyrC¢kalrbs;RBHGgÁmanEtTukçevTna. 36- RBHGgÁramraCa-GgÁnn; ¬1775-1779¦ RBHGgÁramraCaCaRBHraCbuRtarbs;RBHRsIC½yeCdæa nigCaRBHraCntþarbs;RBHFemµaraCaTI1. RBHGgÁmanRBHCnµ36RBHvsSaehIyenAeBlEdlRTg;TTYlRBHraCaPieskeRkamRBHnamfa RBH)aT semþcesþcRBHraC»gáarRBHeromraCaFiraCbrmbBiRt. RBHraCamunEdldak;raCü )anTYlRBHzan³ CaRBH]PeyaraC ÉRBHGgÁfn CaRBHGnuCrbs;RBHGgÁramraCa )anTTYlRBHzan³CaRBH]braCFM. edaymankarRBÜy)armÖxøacBYkGaNÑam EdlRbqaMgnwgkareLIgesayraCürbs;RBHGgÁ eFVIkar vayRbharmkelIRBHraCa)anecjRBHraCbBa¢a[eFVIkaMePøIgFMkaMePøIgtUcrMesvRKab;kaMePøIgFMRKab;kaMePøIg tUc ehIy)an[sg;bnÞaykarBarrwgmaM2 mYyenAPñMeBj mYyeTotenAmuxkMBUl. k¾b:uEnþecAhVayRkúg sayhÁnnigesþcy:aLúg¬egVógPukFn;¦EdlesayraCüenAraCFanIev:eBlenaHmankarrvl;nwgerOgepSg eTAvij.enaHKWBYkGñkPñMxagekItb¤étsWnenAnwgétPU)anbHe)areLIgeRkamkardwknaMrbs;bgb¥Ún2nak; eQµaHDukGugfaj;nigDukGugÉm55 ehIyeFVIkarKMramkMEhgmkelIraCFanIev:kñúgqñaM1775.cMENkenA kUsaMgsuInxageRkamvij mankarbHe)armYyekIteLIg eFVI[ecAhVay ExRtGaNÑam eQµaH casec man karlM)aknwgb®gáaby:agxøaMg.emø:aHehIyBYkenHmin)anebIkkarvayRbharmkelIkm<úCaeTpÞúyeTAvij 55 BYkGaNÑamdak;eQµaHeKfa egVógv:an;j:ak; nigegVógv:an;ehVFug.
eK)ansMNUmBr[km<úCaCYyeTAvij. k¾b:uEnþRBHraCakm<úCa)anRbEkk mincg;manTMnak;TMngCamYy BYkGaNÑam EdlFøab;EtvayRbharmkelIRBHGgÁ muneBlEdlRTg;)aneLIgesayraCüeLIy. ecAhVayRkúgsayhÁnmin)anGgVrkrGVIeToteT bu:EnþenAeBlEdlb®gáabkarbHe)arrYc eKk¾Ebr mkrkeFVIs®gÁamsgswknwgkm<úCaEtmþg. Kat;)andwknaMT½BeLIgtamTenø rhUtmkdl;PñMeBj edayKµan CYbRbTHkarTb;Tl;GVIeLIy. b:uEnþmkdl;PñMeBj manT½BExµrmYykgkMBugEtrg;caMCaeRsc. mankar RbyuT§KñacMnYn20 elIkenACuMvijraCFanI BYkGaNÑamRtÚvbraC½yesÞIrEtral;elIk. enAeBlEdlc,aMg eTA)at;bg;kmøaMgGs;eRcIneBk ehIykarpÁt;pÁg;es,ógk¾lM)ak eRBaHGñkRsukbHe)arRbqaMgRKb;TisTI CaBiessBIxageRkay BYkGaNÑamk¾Ebrxñgrt;Rtlb;eTAkUsaMgsuInvijeTA enAcugqñaM1776. RBHraCa)andwknaMT½BedjtamrhUtdl;hYsRBMEdn deNþImyk)anExRtvijLúg nigmIfmkvij. eKniyayfaRTg;)anbMpusbMpulBYkGñkRsukkUsaMgsuInEdlmankMhwgnwgBYkGaNÑamRsab;[kab;smøab; BYkGaNÑam[Gs;BITwkdI k¾b:uEnþ)anRBH]PeyaraC nigRBH]braCFMXat;. enAkñúgqñaM1777 vibulraCRsI EdlCaCMnYykarrbs;elakRkLaeham rdæm®nþIxagT½BeCIgTwk edayyl;eXIjfa RBH]braCGgÁFMCamnusSEtmñak;Kt;EdlGacTamTarykraCblø½gá)an k¾suMkar GnuBaØatcUlKal;ehIyfVayeyabl;[RTg;yl;RBmeFVIKutRBHraCaCaRBHeromedIm,IdeNþImraCsm,tþi. RBH]braCFM )anRcanecalmtienH k¾b:uEnþRTg;minniyaysþIGVIeT eRBaHfatamBiteTARTg;k¾cg;)anraC blø½gábnþBIRBHeromEdr. vibulraCRsIP½yxøÜn xøacRBH]braCFMecaTRbkan; k¾eTAcUlKal;RBHraCaTUl bgáac;faRBH]braCFMk,t;)ancat;[xøÜnmkeFVIKutRBHraCa. RBHraCaRTg;eCOsmþIvibulraCRsI ehIy)an pÞúkpþak;[CnenHeFVIKutRBH]braCvij enAeBlEdlRTg;Rksal)asáaCamYy ehIyjak;EPñkeFVIsBaØa. RBHraCa)anbbYlRBH]braCFMelg)asáaenAnwgranhaldMNak;]tþúgÁ EtRTg;min)an[sBaØaesaH. Es¥keLIg RTg;RksaleTot EtenAEtminpþl;sBaØadEdl eFVI[vibulraCRsI mankarGs;sgÇwmCaxøaMg )armÖxøacEtRBHraCa)anBiPakSasaksYrRBHGnuCdwgerOgr:avsBVRKb;eTdwg eRBaHfaRBH]braC nwgFwg xøaMgNas; hak;dUcCaKµanGarmµN_RcbUkRcbl;GVIbnþicesaHeLIy. vibulraCRsI )ancUlKal;RBHraCa mþgeTot ehIyTUlRBHGgÁ GHGagfaRBHGnuC)anerobcMGavuFyuT§PNÐTukenAkñúgRBHraCdMNak; GMeBIk,t; enAEteBlnwgpÞúHeLIgb:ueNÑaH RBHraCaRtÚvcat;kar[rh½s eTIbTb;sáat;Tan;sPaBkarN_. RBHraCacab; mankarPitP½yCaxøaMg ehIy)ansnüafa RTg;nwgeFVIsBaØa[ enAkñúgeBlelg)asáal¶acenH. eBlelg )asáamþgeTot RTg;enAEtmin)an[sBaØadEdl eRBaHxøaccaj;beBaäatvibulraC. b:uEnþenAeBlEdl RTg;gakRBHP½®kþemIleTAvibulraC CnenHcat;Tukfa enaHCasBaØaEdlRBHraCa[ehIyk¾dkkaMbitesñót 342 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa