Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 143 k¾edIm,IerobcMsNþab;Fñab;tamrebobcas;eLIgvij. k¾b:uEnþBYkéfeBlenaHmanGarüFm’eCOnelOnbnþic ehIy ehIyecHerobcMxøÜnl¥sRmab;eFVIcm,aMg. bursRKb;rUbEdlmankaysm,TamaMmYn RtÚvcUlbeRmI kgT½BesøókBak;ÉksNæanEdlRBHraCapþl;[.RBHraCapÞal;CaGñkbBa¢aelIkgT½BesHEdlerobcM)an RbesIrCagT½Bcin. RBHGgÁk¾manCRgukeBjeTAedayRsUv ehIynigmanRbB½n§Bn§dar d¾manRbsiT§PaB EdlGac[eFVIs®gÁam)anyUrGEgVg. emø:aHehIy BYkcinRtÜvBYkéfvay[braC½y CaeRcInelIkenAqñaM 754 ehIyRbtibtþikarrbs;cin)anCMruj[esþcnKrtalIxiteTArkcMNgemRtIPaBCamYyTIeb. b:uEnþ sm<½n§PaBenHminsßitesßreT eRBaHeyIgnwgeXIjenAeBleRkayfa nKrNanqav )aneFVIs®gÁamCamYy TIebenAqñaM794 ehIy)anC½yCmñH. cin)anbnþvaymkelINanqavCaeRcInelIkeTot EtRtÚvbraC½yrhUt ehIybgç¿[vaydkfy ecjeTAvij. nKrNanqaveBlenaH manTMnak;TMngjwkjab;CamYynKrEdleyIgehAsBVéf¶fa PUma EdlenA sm½yenaHmaneQµaHfa Pav b¤PüÚ b¤PüÜr CaTIkEnøgEdlBYkeKedIrqøgkat;enAeBlEdleKeFVIdMeNIrecjBI \NÐasMedAeTARbeTscinkalBIrab;ryBan;qñaMmunehIytaMgBIeBlenaHmkTMnak;TMngCamYyKñakñúgPaBCa GñkCitxagminsUvCal¥b:unµaneT.GacnwgfaBYkNanqavminEmnRKan;Et)anedIrqøgkat;Pavb¤PüÚb:ueNÑaH eT KWGacFøab;TaMg)antaMgTIlMenA enARtg;enHeTotpgk¾mindwg munnwgRtÚvedj[eFVIdMeNIrbnþeTAmuxeTot edaymUlehtuNamYy taMgBIyUrlg;Nas;mkenaH. b:uEnþGVIEdlBitR)akdenaH KWfa eRkayBI)aneKc putBIKeRmagvaykemÞcrbs;cinkalBIqñaM754rYcmk esþcéfeQµaH yImavsuIyun )anqøgkat;RBMRbTl; PaKxagt,ÚgenAqñaM800 vaydeNþImykGagTenø\ravtIxagelI rYcehIycab;eFVIs®gÁamCamYyRsukPav KWRbeTsPUmaPaKxagelIbc©úb,nñykdak;CacMNuHehIynig)aneFVIs®gÁamCamYyRbeTsTIebeTotpg. enAedImstvtSr_TI9eRkayBIcaj;édBYkNanqavrYcehIyBYkPav)anTTYlsÁal;GFiraCPaBrbs; GFiraCcin edIm,IykcineFVICaGaNaBüa)alRbqaMgnwgNanqav EtRtÚvesþcBYkenH elIkT½Bmkvay RbharmþgeTotenAqñaM833 cab;mnusSbIBan;nak;CaeQøIyykeTAkan;eQtug sBVéf¶ehAfa yunNan Esn CaraCFanITI2rbs;BYkeK. minEtb:ueNÑaH RbEhledaymankarKMramBIGñkRsukCitxagrbs;PUma pg EdlcinehAfa mIeqn ¬RbEhlCaGar:akan; b¤GasSamsBVéf¶¦ esþcrbs;éf b¤talI enaH k¾)anelIk T½BcuHmkvaybNþaRsuktammat;QUgsmuRTbwgháal;enAqñaM835Tmøak;esþcecjBIGMNacEfmeTot. enAcugstvtSr_TI9 ÉksarRbvtþisa®sþcin nigGaNÑam)anraykarN_[eyIgdwgGMBIBYkNanqav vaykgT½BcinmYykgEdlecjmkBItugkwg rYcqøgkat;RBMEdnxagt,Úgrbs;RsukenHcUleTAdl;GaNÑam
deNþImykraCFanIhaNUy)anenAkñúgqñaM863 RtÚvnwgmhaskraC785. eRkayBIRbtibtþikard¾Gg;- GackøahanminKYr[eCOenH esþctalIb¤éf)anvilRtlb;mkkan; yunNan vijBIrqñaMeRkayBI)anyk Rsukb¤kulsm<½n§rbs;cinenHcMnYn378 dak;CacMNuHrYcmk.KWenAeBlenaHehIyEdlcin)anrab;Nanqav cUlkñúgbNþaeRKaHfñak;TaMg4rbs;mhaGaNacRk eRKaHfñak;bIeTot manTIeb BYkrdæGuIhÁÜr nigBYkTYk EdlcinehAfa TYekV. raCaNacRkéf b¤talI )anrIkceRmIndl;kMBUlrhUtdl;eBlmYyRsab;EtRtÚvEbgEckecjCardæ BIr enAstvtSr_TI10 mindwgCamkBIehtuGVI ³ rdæmYyenAxaglicmanraCFanIenAtalIdEdl rdæmYyeTot enAxagekIt Rtg;ExRtyunNan EdleBlenaHCashB½n§énkulsm<½n§cMnYn37. karEbk)ak;KñaenH min manGVICaF¶n;F¶rNas;NaeT RKan;EtfaesþcEdlesayraCüenAtalI EdlBImunRtÜtRtaelIshB½n§Rsuk TaMg37 dUcCaRtÜtRtaelIkSRtRbeTséfTaMg6G‘ÍcwgEdr eBlenHRtÜtRta)anEtTwkdIcas;TaMg6b:ueNÑaH eBalKWfa mankarfycuHGanuPaBbnþic. vaTMngfakarEbk)ak;KñaenH)anbnþCaeRcInstvtSr_tmkeToteRBaHeyIgeXIjfaenAqñaM1253 mharaCtalIRtÚvyl;RBmcMNuHBYkm:ugehÁalrbs;KUb‘ÍéLxan; edIm,Ise®gÁaHRbeTskuM[rlay)at;bg;. edayehtuenHRsukyunNanRtÚvRtlb;mkCaExRtmYyrbs;cinvijrIÉbNþaraCaNacRkéfk¾RtÚvkøay CanKrsamnþraCrbs;cinEdr9 . cab;BIeBlenaHmk BYkéfEtgEtsakl,gerIbRmHTamTarrkÉkraCüCaeRcInelIkeRcInsa k¾b:uEnþ RtÚvcinb®gáabRKb;eBl. enATIbBa©b; esþceRkayeKRtÚvcincab;)anCaeQøIy ehIynaMykeTAkan; raCFanINanKIg rYcehIyeFVIXatedaycat;TukdUcCaRkúmbHe)ar. muneBlEdlBYkm:ugehÁalmkdl; vahak;dUcCamanRBwtþkarN_FMmYy)anekIteLIg BIeRBaHfa eK eXIjmanBYkéfenH cuHmktaMgTIlMenA enAPaKxageCIgRsuklavsBVéf¶ Rtg;høÜgR)a)ag/ enAm:g;/ enA 144 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 8 tamemIleTAKWCaEpñkTwkdIEdlNanqav)andeNþImykmkCacMNuHehIy)anTTYlnUvsV½yPaBrbs;eKvij. 9 elaksgÇessVIútmYyGgÁRBHnamfam:aFIy:aqag)ansresrraylMGitenAkñúgRBwtþbRtrbs;sala)araMgcugbUB’a qñaM1901 k,alTI1 Rtg;TMB½r312dl;321 CaGkSrcin nigmanbBa¢ak;CaGkSrLataMgpgEdr nUveQµaHesþcNanqav 46GgÁEdlesayraCüBIqñaM629dl;1251 nigeQµaHmharaCtYn11GgÁ EdlesayraCüeRkayeBl KUb‘ÍéLxan; yknKrdak;CacMNuH cab;BIqñaM1261dl;1381 rhUtdl;eBlEdlesþccugeRkayeKRBHnam mij RtÚv)ancincab;eFVI CaeQøIynaMykeTAkan; NanKIg.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 145 eQogém:bgábegáIt)anCardæsannigrdæxøaMgmYyeTotenAGagTenøemNamxagelI.mundMbUgBYkenHCardæ samnþraCrbs;esþcExµr manraCFanIenAs½gçelak ¬enABak;kNþalTIBIrénstvtSr_TI11¦. bnÞab;mk )anmkesayraCüenAsuexaT½y10 ¬cMENkcugeRkayénstvtSr_TI11¦ rYcesayraCüelITwkdICitxag TaMgGs; EdlCaTwkdIrbs;BYkmnExµr b¤taLaMg. KWecjBIraCFanIsuexaT½yenHehIy nigbnÞab;mk BIraC FanI GyuFüa EdlBYkéfcab;begáIt)anCakSRtRbeTstUc²mYycMnYn enAEk,rGagTenøemKgÁxagelI xag sþaM rYcbegáItraCaNacRkéf b¤esom EdlmanraCFanIelIkBIGyuFüaeTA)agkk enAstvtSr_TI18. enAeBlEdltaMgraCFanIenAsuexaT½y BYkéf)anRtÜtRtarYceTAehIyeTAelITwkdIEdlenACuMvij enaH. eKmin)andwgfaetIraCaNacRkfµIenaHmanRBMRbTl;rhUtdl;RtwmNaenaHeT k¾b:uEnþvahak;dUcCafa RBMRbTl;xagekItmin)anmkdl;eQogém:eT ehIyRBMRbTl;xaglick¾mineTAdl;smuRTEdr. RBMRbTl; xageCIgRbEhlCaenARtwmRBMEdnrvagesom nigPUmasBVéf¶ ehIyRBMRbTl;xagt,ÚgRbEhlCaenABIelI GyuFüabnþic. tamemIleTARbeTsEdleyIgehAfa esomsBVéf¶ KWCaTwkdIrbs;rdæmnExµrtUc²BIr taMgBIeRcIn stvtSr_Nas;mkehIy CanKrsamnþraCrbs;km<úCakñúgry³eBlRbEhlCag600qñaM EtrdænImYy² manesþcesayraCüsBV²xøÜn. Éksarcin)anehArdæxageCIgfa esonLÚ manraCFanIenALahug ¬hribnü³sBVéf¶KWlMBUn¦nigehArdæxagt,ÚgfaLÚh‘U.eRkaymkRbeTséfKWesonb¤esom)anÉkraC putBIkm<úCak¾b:uEnþLÚh‘UenAsßitenAeRkamkarRtÜtRtaenAeLIy.KWenAsm½yenaHehIyEdlelcRBHerag b¤ramakMEhgecjmkCaemb¤ecAénTwkdIsuexaT½y11 mindwgfaedayERCkraCüb¤y:agNaeTEtRTg;CaGñk ksagsnþtivgS esþcRsIsBa¢naly³suexaT½y EdleyIg)ansÁal;esþcmYycMnYn12. RBHeragenH EdlerOgniTanExµr)ancat;Tukfa CaemkgxagdwkCBa¢ÚnTwkbrisuT§ecjBIl¥agPñMs½kþisiT§imYykEnøg mkkan; 10 karkan;kab;TwkdIkalBIstvtSr_TI14enaHmindUcsBVéf¶eT eRBaHtamsilacarwkéf esþcsuexaT½yRBHnamfasYéfRtÚv eFVIkarRbyut§Tb;Tl;nwgBYkéfTaMg6 enAPaKxageCIg EdlelIkKñamkvayykraCFanI. 11 ´)armÖxøacEtkarpÁÚesþcramakMEhgCamYynwgRBHerag EdlGñkRbvtþiviTUbs©imRbeTskMNt;enH mankarxusqÁgeT eRBaHfaRBHeragGacRKan;EtCatYGgÁkñúg erOgeRBgniTan b¤k¾CavIrburskñúgsm½ybuerRbvtþimñak; EdleKykmkdak;[eFVICa tYÉkénerOgNamYyeRkaymk. 12 manerOgniTanesommYyerobrab;faRBHeragenHCabuRtrbs;kSRtInaKmYyGgÁ mann½yfa kUnGñkrdævasI CamYynwg esþchribnünKr KWlMBUnsBVéf¶ Edl)anCYbnagenAkñúgeBlelg. esþcenaH)anRtÚvRBHmata EdlCam©as;kSRtIrC¢Ta
raCFanI\nÞbtþmYyqñaMmþgnigCaGñkEdlnaMeKÉgeFVIkeBa¢Il¥IlabRm½kSN_hak;dUcCamanedImkMeNItenAÉ LÚh‘UeT b:uEnþedayman bBaðGVImYy k¾eKcxøÜneTAenAÉesoneTA. enAÉesonenaH mundMbUgKWCaembHe)ar EteRkaymkmanzan³CaecA bnÞab;BImanC½yCmñHelIBYkeson nigT½BExµr rYcehIyk¾)aneLIgesay raCü. erOgesomniyayfa RBHGgÁCabuRtesþc ebIehacNas;k¾CabuRtciBa©wmEdr ehIyRTg;)anerob GaBah_BiBah_CamYykSRtIy_rC¢TayaTrbs;nKrsuexaT½y em:øaHehIyk¾køayRBHGgÁ CaRBHraCa eRBaHfa CasVamIrbs;RBHkSRtIy_. GtßbTsilacarwksuexaT½y)anniyayfa ebIsinNaCakarRbdUc RBHrama kMEhgeTAnwgRBHeragBitR)akdG‘ÍcwgEmnenaH RBHGgÁKWCabuRtarbs;RBHecAmñak;CaemT½B CaemRkúmbøn; d¾rIkray nigCaesþc. eTaHCay:agNak¾eday RBHGgÁ KWCaGñkEdlrMedaHRbeTs[)anÉkraCü minRKan; EtcMeBaHnKreson b¤GagTenøemNamxagelIb:ueNÑaHeT EdlRbEhlCa)anÉkraCmunrYceTAehIy enA eBlEdlRBHGgÁTTYlRBHzan³CaRBHecA EtCaBiess cMeBaHLÚh‘U b¤GagTenøemNam xageRkam. tam ehtukarN_TaMgGs;enH vahak;dUcCa)anbBa¢ak;rYceTAehIyfa RBHramakMEhg esayraCüenAqñaM1296 RtÚvnwgmhaskraC1218. KWenAeBlenaHehIyEdlGñkkt;Rtacin)ansresrfa RbeTskm<úCanaqñaM1296 )ancuHexSay ehIymanRbCaCntic eRkayBImans®gÁamCamYyesomrYcmk nigfaGagTenøemNamTaMgmUl)anRtÚv bRgÜbbRgÜmmkCaraCaNacRkéfEtmYyEdlcinehAfaesonLÚnigLÚh‘UKWehAtamrebobcinykeQµaH nKr TaMg2dak;P¢ab;KñaEtmþg. km<úCaeBlenaH edaymanbdivtþn_neya)aypg bdivtþn_snþtivgSpg nig bdivtþn_sasnapgdUcEdl´)anerobrab;xagelI minmanlT§PaBnwgcab;bgç¿kSRtRbeTsEdlerIbRmHrk 146 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa yaTénraCblø½gásuexaT½y e)aHbg;ecal EtRtÚv)anRBHbitaTTYlsÁal; ehIyykmkciBa©wm dak;RBHnamfa GaruNkumar KWedayehtuenaHehIyeTIbRTg;GaceLIgesayraCüCaRBHraCa)an ehIymanRBHnamkøayCaRBHerageTA. BaküeragenH kñúgPasaExµrmkBIBaküGaruN b¤GrCun. erOgdEdlenH)anniyayfa esþcGgÁenaHxVHkarKYrsmCamYynwgesþcsamnþraCLúgKU k¾RtÚvBYkenaHtameFVI)ab rhUtQWcitþ k¾elatTwksmøab;xøÜneTA. manerOgniTanxøHniyayfa RBHGgÁRtÚveKeFVIXatenAkñúgRBHraCvaMg. manerOgniTanxøHeTotniyayfaeK)anfVayRBHnam[RBHGgÁfaBjadaM ¬esþcexµA¦ b¤BjaéhV ¬esþcePøIg¦ nigfaRBHGgÁ)andeNþImykExRtcnÞtab‘unBIesþcExµr ehIy)annaMT½Blukluy m:aeLsIu eTotpg. BYkm:aeL)anehAesþcGgÁenH enAkñúgraCBgSavtarrbs;eKfaBjaGaBi ¬sUmGan Hardouin, Légendes historiques siamoises, enAkñúg Revue Indochinoise, cuHéf¶TI30 Exmkra qñaM1904 TMB½rTI45.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 147 ÉkraCü [cUlmkkñúgnwmRtÜtRtarbs;xøÜn)anvijeT. eBlenaHRBHBja]Tg13 EdlesayraCüenA cenøaHnKrTaMg2 k¾)anseRmce)aHbg;raCFanIcas;rbs;éf mktaMgenAelIekaHmYykñúgTenøemNam cm¶ayRbEhlCa 500KILÚEm:Rt enAxagt,ÚgsuexaT½yvij. ekaHenH b¤ebIehacNas;k¾Rtg;TItaMgraCvaMgfµIEdr maneQµaHfa Ngesña ¬mann½yfa valesña¦ dUecñHehIy)anCaExµrehARsukesomeBlenaHfaCaraCaNacRkNgesña ÉBYkGWr:ubk¾ehAERbtamenaH fa rayaume du marais des sarnau b:uEnþBYkeb:háan nigPUmaenArkSaeQµaHsM®sáwtfa TVarvtI. raCvaMgfµIenH enA eBlEdlksagrYc eKdak;eQµaH[fa RkúgeTBmhanKrRsIGyuFüa14. cMENkÉnKrvij eKehAfa raCaNacRkGyuFüa b¤raCaNacRkesom b¤raCaNacRkéf rhUtmkdl;qñaM1763 enAeBlEdl esþcBjatak; e)aHbg;GyuFüaeTAKg;enAÉ)agkk ¬FnburI¦ vij. raCFanIGyuFüasßitenAcm¶ayRbEhlEt100KILÚEm:Rtb:ueNÑaHBIRBMEdnkm<úCa EdlkaleNaH enAÉxageCIgkUr:at; ¬nKrraC¦. edaycg;gakecj[q¶ayBIBYkeb:háanEdlBYkeKxøacrGa BYkesom)an xitmkCitkm<úCa ehIybgáCaeRKaHfñak;mYycMeBaHkm<úCaEdlkMBugEtman»nPaB. KWecjBIGyuFüaenaH ÉgEdlExµr)anerobcMkarBarsRtÚvy:agrwgmaM EdlT½Besomecjmkvaykm<úCaGs;kMLúg5stvtSr_. karEdlraCFanIGyuFüarbs;éfsßitenACitGtItraCFanIExµrKW \nÞbtþmhanKr CamUlehtu mYyEdlbgç¿ [RBHraCaExµreFVIdMeNIrcuHmkxagt,Úg rhUtdl;RsIsn§r rYceTAPñMeBj bnÞab;mklEgVk ehIyeRkaymk eTot eTA]tþúgÁ ebIeTaHCaRBwtþikarN_épÞkñúgtRmÚv[vilmkenAlEgVkvijk¾eday. 4- Rsku lav b ¤ ga: yLav RbeTslavCaEpñkmYyenAxageCIgeKbg¥s;énnKrhVÚNn kalBICMnan;esþcekaNÐBaس. lav )an TTYlsÁal;GFiraCPaBénmhaNacRkExµr Edl)ancak;b£senAPaKxagt,Úg\NÐÚcin k¾b:uEnþeKBi)ak nwgeCONas;faesþchVÚNnEdlmanraCFanIenAÉtUmUkñúgExRtéRBkb,assBVéf¶ÉeNaH)anvatGMNac BitR)akdEmneTAelIbNþaRbCara®sþEdlrs;enABIxageCIgPñMdgErk nigeRCaHexmr:at;. 13 RBHGPiesknamKW RsIsuriyamhaFmµraCaFiraC EtcinehAfa):aLÚLanmIs‘unLÚ ¬):aLÚ=RBH/ LanmI=rama/ s‘unLÚ= suriya¦. manÉksarxøHfVayRBHnamfa RBHramaFibtI. tamemIleTA ]Tg b¤]fg CaeQµaHFmµta )anCaeKehAdUecñH mkBIGRgwgrbs;RBHGgÁeFVIGMBImas. 14 GyuFüa CaeQµaHBImunrbs;raCaNacRkmYyenA\NÐa KWraCaNacRkG‘Ud. GñkxøHfaGyuFüakøaymkBITVarvtI.
RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCaenAkñúgeBlEdlcab;ksageLIgCadMbUgk¾dUcCaenAeBlksageLIgCaelIk TIBIr minEdlmanRBMRbTl;xageCIghYsBIexan ehIyRBMRbTl;xag|sanhYsBIGatUBWeT. RBHraCaRkúgkm<úCa)ancab;vat\T§iBlrhUteTAdl;xageCIgraCaNacRkhøÜgR)a)agsBVéf¶ EtenA eBlEdleK)anelIkraCFanIeTAtaMgenAÉ\nÞbtþ elImat;bwgTenøsabb:ueNÑaH. \T§iBlCam©as; b¤Gnutþr PaBenH eRkaymk)anrIkceRmInFMeLIg b:uEnþ)anfycuHeTAvijbnÞab;BIekItmanRBwtþikarN_epSg² Cabnþ bnÞab; KWmanEteQµaH minmanGVICaBitR)akdeT. RBHraCakm<úCaGacnwgelIkT½BeTAtamdak;eTas esþc nKrsamnþraC NamYy EdlbHe)arRbqaMgTamTarÉkraCü ehIyminRBmeKarBtam/ RBHGgÁGacnwg bgákarlM)akdl;BYkkulsm<½n§sanenAtamRBMEdnyunNan Edlcin)anykmkdak;CaGaNaniKmenA stvtSr_TI13 CaehtueFVI[RBHecAGFiraCeb:kaMgbBa¢ÚnraCTUtmYyeTAkm<úCaedIm,IeFVIkartv:a. RBHGgÁ GacTTYl[sñak;enAkñúgraCvaMgrbs;RBHGgÁnUvraCvgSNamYyGgÁEdlminsb,aycitþb¤mankMhusdUcCa krNIBjav:at; buRtBjakMBg; CaesþcenAhøÜgR)a)ag Edlrt;mksuMRCkekan rYcehIyeRbIGMNac eFVIGnþraKmn_BIelIraCblø½gá [rkSasnþiPaB [edaHRsaybBaðaedaysRmÜl nigCaBiess TTYlsÁal; esþcNaCaesþcNa b:uEnþminEmnRKb;eBleT. RBHGgÁGacTTYlesþcnKrsamnþraCEdlenACit² [cUl Kal; edIm,I{»nRBHeksykmkudRtdusRkckRBH)aTa}. RBHGgÁk¾GacGnuBaØat[esþcnKrsamnþraC TaMgenaHnaMyksilacarwkmkkb;enAEk,rraCvaMgdUcCasilasayhVúgEdlenAEtb:unµanKILÚEm:Rtb:ueNÑaH BIevogc½nÞ. b:uEnþRBHGgÁminGnuBaØat[manesþcNamYyGgÁ EdlmanGMNacCagesþclav bgðajxøÜnCa m©as;BIelIeToteT elIkElgEtRBHecAGFiraCcinecj EdlFøab;)anTTYlsÁal;fa manGFiraCPaBelI km<úCa esom nigCVa rYcmkehIy. etImuneBlEdlBYkéfGay-Lavmkdl; BYklavenHCaGñkRsukedIm b¤y:agNa ? ´hak;dUcCa mineCOeT. ebIdUecñH etIBYkenHmanedImkMeNItmkBINa? BYkenHmanTMenomTmøab;RbéBNIdUcExµreRcIn ehIyKWRbEhledayehtuenaHehIy )anCaBYkcin)ancat;TukBYklavenHfa CaGñkRsukhVÚNn taMgEtBI munRKisþskraCem:øH edaymin)anEbgEckGFibetyüPaBrbs;eKeT. BitR)akdNas;fa BYkenHman lkçN³ dUcKñanwgBYkExµrEdlCasm<½n§jatinwgGñkRsukrs;enAGagTenøemNamEdr. BYkenHdUcCaminTan; kan;RBhµBaØsasnaenAeLIyeTenAsm½yhVÚNnTal;Etdl;eBleRkayyUrmkeTIbTTYlyksasnaenH rYcehIymin)anERbeTAkan;BuT§sasnaenAeLIyeTmunstvtSr_TI14KWrhUtdl;eBlEdlhVag:umdeNþIm ykRbeTs)an. etIGñkRsuklavenaHmansac;QamEtmYy b¤k¾y:agNa? vaGacnwgdUecñH enAmuneBlmanBYkGñk 148 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 149 EdlcuHmkBITIeb nigGaNaExRtxagt,ÚgénRbeTscin CaRkúmtUc² EtTIbBa©b; )anmkdeNþImykRsuk TaMgmUlehIyeFVI[GñkRsukedImrlay)at;nUvCatisasn_rbs;xøÜnb¤k¾mkrs;enAlayLMCamYyGñkRsuk edIm edayTTYlykTMenomTmøab;RbéBNImYycMnYnFM. KWedaysarBYklavenHmanQamC½rEtmYy dUecñH ehIy )anCaeKEtgEtniyayfaBYkenHEbkecjmkBIbuBVbursEtmYy ehIyebIeTaHCaplRbeyaCn_ xagsmÖartRmÚv[eKEbkKñaecjCaCati5y:agNakþI k¾eKenAEtminePøcfa eKmanRbPBedImrYmKñaEdr. eKmin)andwgc,as;faetIenAeBlNaEdlBYksan b¤éf b¤esom EdleyIg)aneXIjBIxagelIrYc mkehIyfa manedImkMeNItCahiNÐÚEdr cuHBIxaglicyunNanmkkan;RsuklaveT15 b:uEnþvaR)akdNas; fa ehtukarN_enHekItmaneLIg eRkayeBlEdlBYkéfcUllukluynKrsan. KYrkt;smÁal;faBYkéfmanBIrRkúm ³ RkúmTI1 KWBYkEdlrs;dMbUgenAkñúgGagTenøemNamxagelI rYceRkaymk)anvatykTwkdIkñúgGagTenøemNamxageRkameTot eKehAfa BYkéfFM/ nigRkúmmYyeTot Edlmkrs;enARbeTslav eKehAfa BYkéftUc. ÉBYksank¾manBIrRkúmdUcKñaEdr KWmYyRkúmmktaMgTI lMenAenAxagelIGasSamnigmYyRkúmeTotenAxagekIt)anqøgkat;RbeTsPUmarYcmktaMgTIlMenAenARtg; kEnøgEdleyIgehAfa rdæsansBVéf¶. ÉksarRbvtþisa®sþcink¾)anniyayfa manBYkéfBIrRkúmEdr k¾b:uEnþmin)anehAfaéfFM nigéftUc eT EtehAfaéfexµA nigéfs. karEbgEckRbEhlCanwgRtwmRtÚvCag RbsinebIeKniyayfa manBYkéf edIm eBalKWBYkéfhiNÐÚEdlexµA nigBYkéffµI eBalKWBYkGñkRsukedImEdlrs;enAyunNan ehIy)ankøay eTACaéfEdr bnÞab;BIBYkéfhiNÐÚmkdeNþImykRsuk)an ehIyrs;enAlayLMKña ebIeTaHCafa BYkenHman Catisasn_Cacin16 mansm,úrelOg b¤s b¤Rbhak;RbEhlenaHk¾eday. enAmanviRbCaCaeRcIneTotenAkñúgRbeTslav xiteTACittugkwgbnþic EdlRbkan;fa xøÜnCaéfexµA 15 KWenAeBlenaHehIyEdlBYkcinehABYkenHfa éfLav b¤fLav edIm,IkuM[RcLMCamYyBYkéfEdlenAyunNan. 16 BYkéfEdl)ancuHmktaMgTIlMenA²Rtg;RbeTsesomCaBYkéfexµA eBalKWCaBYkEdlecjmkBIRbeTs\Nça man kMeNItedImCahiNÐÚ )anmkdeNþImykGaNaExRtEdlmanBYkcinEs,kelOgrs;enAEdleKehAfaCaBYkéfs. BYkéfs enH min)ancuHmkRbeTsesomtamBYkéfexµAeT eRBaHeKCaGñkcaj;. KWedayehtuenaHehIy)anCamanBaküEdlehA BYkéenAesomenaHfa süam mann½yfa exµA. karEbgEckGñkRsukCaexµA nigsdUecñH eKRbTHeXIjmaneRcInNas;enAcugbUB_a dUcCaBYkTIebEtgehABYkhiNÐÚfa QahÁa mann½yfa QaexµA ÉcinvijeKehABYkhiNÐÚfa QaNak mann½yfa Qas.
b¤Caéfs k¾b:uEnþkarEdlRbkan;y:agenH eKsMGagPaKeRcIneTAelIBN’semøókbMBak;EdleKesøók eTAvijeT. dUecñH eKminRtÚvelIkykerOgsBVéf¶enHmkniyay edIm,IedaHRsaybBaðaEdleyIgkMBug niyayxagelIenaHeT. ´Kitfa KWBYkéfexµAenHÉg EdlkalenaH)anRtÜtRtaeTAelIBYkéfs dl;RtÚvBYkcinedjvay Rbhar )aneFVIdMeNIrvilRtlb;mkkan;RbeTsPUmavij CaTIkEnøgEdlBYkeKFøab;)anedIrkat; b¤k¾Føab;rs; enApgk¾mindwgkalBIeRcInryqñaMmun. ehIyk¾KWBYkéfexµAenHÉg EdleRkayBI)aneFVIdMeNIreTAdl;Rsuk cin ehIy)anbnþdMeNIrcuHmktaMgTIlMenA enAkñúgGagTenøemNamxagelI taMgBIstvtSr_TI9 rhUtdl; stvtSr_TI11 rYcehIybnþBRgayKñamkkñúgRbeTslaveTot. eBlenaH BYkkulsm<½n§lavsßitenAeRkamkardwknaMrbs;BYkecA b¤Xun EdlminEmnCaéfenAeLIy eT ehIy´KitfaRbeTslav)ansßitenAy:agdUecñHrhUtmk elIkElgEtenAeQogém: nigeQogEsn EdlsßitenACitraCaNacRksuexaT½y EdlRbEhlCamanesþcesayraCümanedImkMeNItCaéf ehIy )ankøayxøÜnCasRtÚvrbs;BYklav. b:uEnþGVIEdlR)akd KWRbeTslav)ansßitenACaRbeTsÉkraC min )ancMNuHéfeTrhUtmkdl;sBVéf¶ ehIyenAeBlEdlBYkkulsm<½n§Edlrs;enAxageCIgTenøemNam naMKña gakeTAcMNuHsuexaT½ytaMgEtBIstvtSr_TI13rhUtmk BYkkulsm<½n§lav)annaMKñaEbrmkrk suvNÑaPYn esogdug nig esogtugemOgsVa ¬sBVéf¶KW høÜgR)a)ag¦ ÉenHvij. BYkéfEdlmkdl;RsuklavmanGarüFm’eCOnelOnCagBYkGñkRsukGay. mü:ageTot BYkenH mkdl;manKñaeRcIn ehIymanBYkéfFM ¬KWBYkEdleRkaymkmaneQµaHfa esom¦ enABIeRkayxñg CYy CMrujCYyRcanBYkeKCYypþl;GavuFehIyCYnkalk¾GacCYyCakmøaMgT½BpgEdr.emø:aHehIyBYkenHman eRbóbelIBYklavEdlenAminTan;suIvil½y cab;taMgBIcugstvtSr_TI13mk enAeBlEdleKdeNþImyk TwkdITaMgGs;enAcenøaHGagTenøemNamxagelI nigGagTenøemKgÁxagelI deNþIm)anraCFanITI2rbs;lav ehIytaMgxøÜnCasRtÚvrbs;høÜgR)a)ag. raCFanIenaHsBVéf¶eKehAfaevogc½nÞ EtkalenaH BYkéfdak; eQµaH[fa cnÞ³burI mann½yfa CaraCFanIxøwmcnÞn_Rkwsña. tamemIleTA BYkéfRbEhlCaenARtÜtRtaelITwkdImYycMnYnFMenABIxageCIg xaglic nigxagt,Úg raCFanIenHenAeLIy enAqñaM1336 enAeBlEdlvIrbursrbs;lav KWhVag:um )anelcxøÜneLIg KWRbEhl edaysñaédRBH)aTramakMEhg. dUecñH enAeBlEdlraCaNacRkkm<úCaFøak;cuHGab;»n manraCaNacRkFM²BIrekIteLIgenAÉ RbeTslav KWraCaNacRkLanqanhUmxav b¤suILagsWghUmxav mann½yfa {raCaNacRkdMrIrab;lan 150 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 151 nigkøs;BN’s} ehIynigraCaNacRkcnÞ³burI mann½yfa {raCaNacRkxøwmcnÞn_Rkwsña}. raCaNacRkTI1 enACaraCaNacRklavenAeLIy ÉraCaNacRkTI2 )ankøayCaraCaNacRkéfeTAehIy. 5- RbeTsPmU a b ¤ Rsku mn RbCaCnExµr )ansÁal;RbeTsEdleyIgehAsBVéf¶fa PUma CaeRcInstvtSr_Nas;mkehIy eRkameQµaHfa Rsukmn b¤Rsuk)aKU ¬eb:háan¦ fVIebIsilacarwkminmanniyayGMBIRsukenHk¾eday. edaykalBImunenaH Rsukmn nigRsukExµr manRBMRbTl;Cab;Kña EdlRtÚvnwgRBMRbTl;rvagPUma nigesom bc©úb,nñ vaR)akdNas;fa RbCaCnTaMgBIrBitCaFøab;manTMnak;TMngnwgKña ehIyk¾GacFøab;eFVIcm,aMgnwgKña eTotpgk¾mindwg RtwmmunstvtSr_TI14. tamBiteTA manEtsilacarwktaRBhµmYyb:ueNÑaHEdl)anniyayGMBI´beRmICatimn eRkABIenaH minmansilacarwkNaelIkeLIgeT EdlCaehtuGaceFVI[eKKitfaBYkExµrmin)anykcitþTukdak;cMeBaH GñkRsukEdlrs;enAÉxageCIgnigBay½BüRsukesomb¤RsuksaneLIyGñkRsukTaMgGs;enaHcMNuHkm<úCa EtExµrdak;eQµaH[epSgBIeQµaHEdleyIgehA. ´mineCOfa Exµrmin)andwgmin)anB¤GMBIRBwtþikarN_TaMg LayEdlekItmanenAPUma ¬mIy:an;m:a¦ b¤)aKU ¬eb:hÁÚ¦ muneBlEdlkekItraCaNacRkéfenaHeT. Exµr R)akdCa)ansÁal;raCFanIepSg²rbs;PUma ehIyedayehtuenaHehIyeTIb)anCaeKmanBaküCaeRcIn sRmab;ehAGñkRsukenaH. \LÚvenH sUmBinitüemIlRBwtþikarN_epSg²EdlekItmaneLIg nigkarpøas;bþÚr TItaMgraCFanI EdlCaplvi)ak b¤k¾CamUlehtuénkarpøas;bþÚrneya)ayFM². kalBIyUrlg;Nas;mkehIy KWtaMgBIsm½yEdlRBHecAGFiraCGaLicsg;LWRkg; ¬stvtSr_TI4 munRKisþskraC¦)aneFVIkarvayRbhardeNþImykRbeTs\NÐaPaKxageCIgrYcehIy]tþmesnIy_rbs; RBHGgÁ)anbegáItraCaNacRkGaMgdURkic mYyenAelImat;TenøKgÁa eBlenaHmanBYkhiNÐÚEdleFVIdMeNIr mkBIRsukkligÁb¤kligÁn³ )anmktaMgTIlMenA enAelImat;smuRTbwgháal;xagekIt KW\NÐÚcinenaHÉg. TwkdImat;smuRTRtg;kEnøgenaHeBlenaHmanBYkviRbCaminTan;suIvil½y CaGñkRsukedImrs;enA maneQµaH fa BilU b¤Bal³ EdlmanenAesssl;kulsm<½n§xøHrhUtdl;sBVéf¶enAkñúgRbeTsesom. eKmindwgfa etIBYkGñkRsukedImTaMgenaH )anTTYlBYkhiNÐÚy:agNaeT b:uEnþvahak;dUcCafaBYkeKmin)anRbqaMgTb;Tl; nwgBYkGñkcMNUlfµI EdlmanGarüFm’RBhµBaØsasnarYceTAehIy ehIyEfmTaMgecHeFVIs®gÁameTotpg eT. BYkeKGacnwgbeNþay[BYkhiNÐÚmkrs;enAkñúgcMeNamBYkeK b¤mYyk¾eKnaMKñadkxøÜnfy TukkEnøg[ Etmþgk¾fa)an. bNþaRkúm]bnievsn_hiNÐÚTaMgGs;enaHminxusKñaBIGVIEdl)anekItmanenAÉ\NÐÚcinPaK
xagt,ÚgnigGaeKñy_enaHeTKWcab;epþImBIkarbegáItRKwHsßanBaNiC¢kmµtUc²rYcbnþeTAbegáIt)anCardækm<úCa nigcam:,aeLIg. bNþaRkúm]bnievsn_hiNÐÚenAtammat;smuRTbwgháal;naeBlenaHRbEhlCataMgenA Rtg;TItaMgRkúgtav:y/ EmrKuy/ etNaesrIm nigm:ata)ansBVéf¶ EdlBImunGñkRsukedImdak;eQµaH[fa favy/ m:an;/ taNavRsI/ m:atam:a. eyIgmin)andwgGMBIeQµaHBitR)akdrbs;TIRkúgTaMgGs;enaHeT enAeBlEdleKksageLIg RKan;Et)andwgfa BYkhiNÐÚ)andak;eQµaHtamPasasM®sáwt[fa rmBaØeTs³ mann½yfa {RsukRss;bMRBg} eTAtamTidæPaBRsukEdleK)aneXIj. KWedaymaneQµaHedImfa rmBaØ dUecñHehIy eTIb)anCaeRkaymkkøaymkCarmnü³ rYcmkCa m:anI/ emanI ehIyenATIbBa©b;mkCamn b¤mnI. ebIeTaHCaRsukenHmanRbvtþieQµaHedayELky:agenHkþI EtExµr ehARsukEdleyIgehAfaPUmaenaHfaRsukmndUecñHtaMgBICag1000qñaMmunrhUtmkdl;sBVéf¶enH. RsukEdlenABIxageCIgrmBaØeTs³ EdlBYkmn b¤Bal³ b¤BilU rs;enAmaneQµaHCaPasasM®sáwt EdlBYkbBaØvnþhiNÐÚdak;[fa{suvNÑPUmi}mann½yfa{TwkdImas}b:uEnþtamemIleTABYkGñkRsukRbEhl )andak;eQµaH[epSg EteyIgmin)ansÁal;. BYkGñkRsukedImenAsm½yEdlBYkkligÁb¤kligÁn³mkbegáItGaNacRkrmBaØeTs³eLIgenaHKWBYk kaern Edlmankarcat;taMg manemdwknaMrYcehIy b:uEnþminTan;manGarüFm’eCOnelOndUcBYk BilU b¤Bal³ enAtameqñrsmuRTetNaesrImenAeLIyeT. BYkenHsBVéf¶enAmanrs;enAray):ayBaseBjRbeTs PUmaPaKxageRkam Rtg;mþúMeb:hÁÚ nigenAPUmaPaKxagelI Rtg;Gv³17. BYkeKrs;tamPUmitUc²enACnbT q¶ayBITIRkúg manTMenomTmøab;xusEbøkBIBYkGñkEdlmkRtÜtRtaBIelIeK. eKmanPasaniyayxus²Kña KWenAGv³ niyayxusBIenAeb:hÁÚ k¾dUcCaPasaGñkeb:háanxusBIPasaBYkPUma PasaBYkkaern xageCIg xusBIBYkkaernxagt,Úg. BYkniKmCnkligÁEdlmkdl;muneK)anBRgayxøÜneTATisxageCIg rhUteTAdl;mat;BamTenøsalU Gg; rYc)anksagraCFanImYyenATIenaH dak;eQµaHfa falun EdleyIgehAsBVéf¶fa taligÁ. karEdl BYkeKmanraCFanItaMgenAq¶ayeTAxageCIgy:agenH CakarbBa¢ak;fa BYkeKR)akdCa)anvatGMNaceTA q¶ayrhUtdl;kEnøgEdleyIgehAfaPUmaxageRkambc©úb,nñ.karbegáItraCFanIenHRbEhlCaekItman eLIgenAedImRKisþskraC KWdMNalKñanwgkarbegáItraCFanItamU enAhVÚNn Edr. eRkaymkenAstvtSr_TI6eKniyayfamanesþcmnenAfalunb¤taligÁmYyGgÁ)annaMraCbriBar 152 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 17 raCFanIrbs;RsukEdlcMNuHesþcGv³ enH maneQµaHdMbUgfa emOgkaM.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 153 eFVIdMeNIreTATisxageCIg ehIy)anksagraCFanIeb:hÁÚ enAkñúgRsukvUkam EdltamemIleTAKWCaTwkdImYy kEnøgrbs;kulsm<½n§kaern Rtg;eb:KUsBVéf¶ rYcRTg;)andak;eQµaH[fa hgSavtI. raCFanIenaH GñkRsuk \NÐÚcineRkaymkehAfa eb:hÁÚ b¤)aKU EtBYkGWr:ubehAfa eb:háan. enAkñúgsm½yEdlBYkkligÁksagraCFanIfalun manRbCaCnmYyRkúmeTot ecjmkBIRBMRbTl; TIeb b¤k¾mkBITIebEtmþgk¾mindwg )anmkdeNþImykTwkdIEdleyIgsBVéf¶ehAfaPUmaPaKxagelI rYcehIy )aneFVIdMeNIrcuHmkt,Úgbnþicmþg²tamGagTenø\ravtIénTwkdIsuvNÑPUmi.BYkGñkmkdl;fµIenH)anRbkan; xøÜnfa CaCatisasn_x<g;x<s;CageK ehIy)andak;eQµaHxøÜnÉgfa mrmµ³ b¤Rmmµ³ b¤mümµ³ EdlRcLMKñanwg BaküRBahµN_EdrEtBYkGñkRsukedImehABYkenHfakULamann½yfabreTs.tamBitBYkenHmanEs,ks CagBYkmnbnþicEmn b:uEnþBYkenH )anmkdl;TwkdIsuvNÑPUmiRbEhlCa 2stvtSr_eRkayBYkmnb:ueNÑaH ehIyKµanGVICaéføfñÚrCagb:unµaneT eRBaHeKmanedImkMeNItecjBIRsukmYy EdlTTYlGarüFm’mYycMENk BI\NÐa nigmYycMENkeTotBIRbeTscin. edaymanemaTnPaBnwgC½yCmñHdMbUg² niggay²rbs;xøÜn BYkb‘Írm:an hak;dUcCa)aneFVIdMeNIrcuH mkeRkambnþeTot rhUtmkdl;RBúm CaPasasM®sáwtKWRsIekSRt³ ehIy)anksagraCFanITI2 mYy eTotmaneQµaHfaRBÚ.eQµaHenHeRkaymkkøaymkCaRBM/CaRBMm³EdlBYkPUmaehAfaRBhµ½nehIyBYk GWr:ubfa R)ak;m:an/ rYcb‘Írm:an. cMENkBYkcinvij EdlminGacGanGkSr {r} )anehAfa PüÚ b¤Pav rhUt cab;BIstvtSr_TI7mkdl;stvtSr_TI12. etIeRkayBIksagraCFanITI2enHrYc BYkb‘Írm:an)anb:HBarCamYyBYkmn ehIyRtÚvbgç¿[eFVIdMeNIr eTAeCIgvij b¤y:agdUcemþc ? Rtg;enHeKmin)andwgdUcemþceT EtGVIEdlR)akdenaHKWfa enAeBlEdl BYkmn kMBugdeNþImykTwkdIPUmaPaKxageRkamenAstvtSr_TI5 BYkb‘Írm:an)anksagraCFanIenA):akan EdlmaneQµaHeRkaymkfa taháúg18 rYc)ane)aHbg;raCFanIenaHmktaMgenAÉemonvij. KWedayman raCFanITI4enAemonenHÉg eTIb)anCaCYnkaleKeXIj BYkcinehABYkb‘Írm:anfa BYkemon² dUecñH. cMeBaHBYkExµrvij eKmindwgfaetIcab;BIeBlNamkeTEdleKehABYkb‘Írm:anenHfa kULa nigPUma edaymin)andwgpgeTGMBIGtßn½yrbs;BaküTaMgBIrm:at;enH.BakükULaGacmkBI{kuLa}mann½yfaéføfñÚr b¤mkBIBakü{kULa}mann½yfabreTs.b:uEnþBaküenHBYkb‘Írm:anxøÜnÉgniyayfaminEmnCaeQµaHrbs; xøÜneT ehIyBYkEdl)anmkeFVIBaNiC¢kmµenAtammat;TenøemKgÁniyayfa manEtBYkExµr niglavb:ueNÑaH 18 raCFanIburaNenHsBVéf¶enAmanenAeLIy EtRKan;EtCaTIRkúgtUcmYyb:ueNÑaH.
EdlehAxøÜny:agenH. cMENkÉBaküPUmavij ´KitfakøaymkBIBaküsuvNÑPUmi ³ eKGaccaM)an EtBakü xagcugfa PUmI yUr²eTAk¾køayeTACa PUma19. Et´)anRbTHeXIjmþgEdleKsresrfaPUmimas. BYkb‘Írm:anenHminEmnmanEtBYkmn b¤eb:hÁÚ nigBYkkulsm<½n§GñkRsukedImCasRtÚvb:ueNÑaHeT. enAxageCIgq¶ayÉeNaHmanBYkNanqavb¤éf EdlmanRbPBedImCaBYkhiNÐÚEdr )anmktaMgTIlMenA enAcenøaHTIeb nigRsukcintaMgBIyUryarNas;mkehIy. BYkNanqavenH EdleTIbEtrYbrYmKñaCaraCa NacRkEtmYy )anvayRbhareTAelIcindeNþImykTwkdIyunNan ehIykMBugEtmankmøaMgrulcuHmkTis xagt,Úg. BYkNanqav RbEhlCaFøab;)anQøanBanRsukPUmaCaeRcInelIkeRcInsaenAstvtSr_TI8 nigTI9ehIy)anykRsukenHdak;CacMNuHy:agyUreTotpg.BYkcinehAkSRtRbeTséfenAyunNanfa NanqavEtBYkb‘Írm:anehABYkNanqavenHRBmTaMgBYkcinpgfatar:ub/tar:ukb¤taruikehIyRtÚvBYkcinnig BYkéfyunNan ehAvijfa emon² tameQµaHraCFanITI4rbs;eK. tamemIleTA KWRbEhlCaenAeBlEdlBYkéfkMBugRtÜtRtaelITwkdIPUmaPaKxagelIenHÉg Edl BYkenHlUkédcUlkñúgbBaðaépÞkñúgrbs;GñkRsukenAkñúgGagTenøemNamxagelI edIm,ICYyBYkGñkRsukenH[ RbqaMgnwgkm<úCa rYcehIyk¾cab;epþImcuHmktaMgTIlMenA enAkñúgGagTenøemNamenH enAkñúgstvtSr_TI10 edayksagraCFanIhribunüKü³ ¬hribunünKr¦ KWlMBYnsBVéf¶ nigraCFanIsuexaT½y. enAeBlCamYy KñaenaHEdr manBYkéfÉeTot²cUlmkrs;enAkñúgTwkdIlav ehIydeNþImykraCFanIevogc½nÞ. Rsuklav eBlenaH sßitenAeRkamkarRtÜtRtarbs;km<úCa. enAxagt,ÚgÉeNaHvij karksagraCFanIeb:hÁÚ edayBYkmnenAstvtSr_TI6 CakarbBa¢ak;fa BYkenH )andeNþImykBamTenø\ravtI )anehIy ehIy)anrujRcanBYkb‘Írm:an [eFVIdMeNIreLIgeTATis xageCIg eTACYbCamYyBYkNanqav. GVIEdlBitKWBYkb‘Írm:anenHRtÚvRbQmmuxnwgBYkNanqavcab;BIstvtSr_bnÞab;mkehIyk¾RtÚveFVI s®gÁamTb;Tl;nwgBYkeb:háanenAxagt,ÚgpgEdr rhUtdl;eBlmYyeRkaymk EdlBYkNanqavqøgkat; RBMEdn eTAdeNþImykGagTenøemNamxagelITaMgmUl. eBlenaHBYkb‘Írm:an nigBYkeb:háan c,aMgKña\t 154 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 19 mansa®sþaExµrmYy)anniyayGMBIesþcmYyGgÁ EdlmanRBHnamfa PUma Etsa®sþaxøHeTotfa PUmI man½yfa m©as;Twk dI. ehtukarN_enHeFVI[´mancm¶l;CaxøaMg mindwgfaetIBaküenHmann½ydUcemþc b¤k¾køaymkBIBaküNamYym:at; Edl´ minGacsµan)an.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 155 Qb;Qr rhUtdl;eBlBYkGWr:ubmkdl; eFVICaGaCJakNþalEbgEckTwkdIeTIbs¶b;. GVIEdleKGacdwg)ansRmab;ry³kalmunstvtSr_TI11 KWfa RBúm ¬RsIekSRt³¦ CaraCFanItaMg BIstvtSr_TI7mk EteKmindwgfaCaraCFanIrbs;GñkNa etICarbs;BYktaligÁ ¬eRkaymkkøayCaBYk eb:háan¦ b¤Carbs;BYkRmmµ³ ¬eRkaymkkøayCaBYkb‘Írm:an¦. erOgenHfatictYck¾)an b:uEnþk¾CacMNuc KYrkt;smÁal;mYyEdr KWraCFanIRBúmmanvtþmankñúgsm½yEdlvgSvrµ½nesayraCüenAvyFbur³ Edlman R)asaT)ak;Ebksl;dl;sBVéf¶enAxagt,Úg)aTI kñúgRsukéRBkb,as. enAkñúgstvtSr_TI11 raCaNacRkeb:han)anRtÚvBYkb‘Írm:an vayykdak;CacMNuH BYkenH)an taMgraCFanIenAdaLa ¬KWr:g;hÁÚn¦ enAnwgmat;BamTenø\ravtI. raCFanIsMxan;²epSgeTotnaeBlenaHman m:ata)an nig)asaMg EdlsßitenAelIédTenømYyéndIsNþ\ravtI. enAraCFanIcas;KW):akanb¤GrimµTn³ÉeNaHvijeKeXIjmanrUbsMNakrbs;RBHraCab‘Írm:ancMnYn 51GgÁ ehIycab;taMgBIeBlEdlBYkenHcuHmktaMgTIenAxagt,ÚgRbeTsenAstvtSr_TI13 eKniyayfa manesþceqñIm²CaeRcInGgÁ CaGaTi KWRBH)aT]hSam eLIgesayraCüenAqñaM1250 rYcRtÚvdMrIeRBc suKtenAqñaM1283. Gs;BIRBHGgÁeTA RBH)aTnrsßbti CaraCbuRtrbs;RBHGgÁCamYybuRtICagRkLwg mñak; )aneLIgesayraCübnþ eRkayBIraCbuRtRsbc,ab;RBHnamfa sIh³sur³ RtÚvBYkm®nþIeFVIKut. RBHraCaGgÁenHCaykSkalBICatimunemø:aHehIykacsahavqab;xwgRkGWtRkTmelµaPsuIRbmwk ehIycUlcitþesaysac;. raCBgSavtarerobrab;mü:ageTotfa RTg;k¾elµaPkamNas;Edr manmehsI 3000nak; enAkñúgRBHraCvaMg kñúgenaHmanRBHraCGKÁmehsITI1mYyGgÁ nigTI2R)aMGgÁ. RBHGgÁ)an bBa¢a[RBHraCbuRtmYyGgÁcab;xøÜnRBHraCbuRtmYyGgÁeTot EtRBHraCbuRtTI2enH )anrt;eKcxøÜnrYc ehIyk¾bHe)arRbqaMgnwgRBHGgÁ nigcab;RBHGgÁCaeQøIyenAkñúgqñaM1286. enATIbBa©b; RBHraCak¾RtÚv RBHraCbuRtenaHdak;fñaMbMBul[suKteTAenAqñaM1288. RBHraCbuRtEdlbHe)arRbqaMgenaHKWRBH)aTsIh³sura CaRBHGgÁm©as;elIraCFanIRBúm k¾eLIg esayraCübnþmk EtRtÚvsuKtnwgRBÜjrbs;RBHGgÁÉg kñúgeBleFVIs®gÁamCamYyRBHGgÁm©as;énraC FanIdaLaCaRBHGnuC enAkñúgqñaM1288 dEdlenaH. RBHGnuCmYyGgÁeTotRBHnamfaküÚsV³ )aneLIgesayraCübnþmk. RBHraCafµIenH manlkçN³ sm,tþiBiess KWqøatév eKarBkuslFm’ PkþInwgsasna ehIymanKtibNÐit. RTg;)ancat;TukRbCa nura®sþ nigGñkkan;sasnadUcKñaCa {sac;RBHkaypÞal;} k¾b:uEnþvahak;dUcCafa RBHGgÁminmaneTBeka slükñúgkareFVIneya)ayeT BIeRBaHRBHGgÁKµanlT§PaBkñúgkarrkSaTwkdIEdlRBHbita)anksagTukmk
beNþay[rebHExRtGs;mþgmYy². RBHGgÁ)anRtÚvRBHGnuC3GgÁmanedImkMeNItmkBInKrsan Edl RBHGgÁ)anykmkenAkñúgRBHraCvaMg nigRBHGKÁmehsITI2EdlCamnusSBiessmYyGgÁ EtRBHGgÁ minEdl)ansaksYreyabl;kñúgRBHraCkic© Tmøak;BIraCblø½gáenAkñúgqñaM1298 cab;ekarRBHeksa rYcehIydak;[bYsenAkñúgvtþGarammYy.RBHraCbuRtrbs;RBHGgÁRBHnamfasUnIt)aneLIgesayraCü bnþmk edayRbkan;ykRBHzan³d¾GFikGFmdUcRBHraCaExµrenAstvtSr_TI16Edrfa siriRtIPvnTitü³ brvFmµraCa. RBHraCaGgÁenH esayraCü)an27qñaM ehIysuKtenAqñaM1326. bnÞab;mk KWRBHraCbuRtRBHnamfa sUmunIt )anesayraCübnþrhUtdl;eBlEdlRTg;suKtenA qñaM1368. enAkñúgGMLúgeBlenH RbeTscin)anlukluyRbeTsPUmamþgenAkñúgqñaM1277 ehIyvayBYk b‘Írm:an [braC½yy:agxøaMgenAm:ugTI ¬NaneTon¦. bnÞab;mk BYkcin)anvayykPema k¾b:uEnþRtÚvdkfy eTAvijenAqñaMbnÞab; eRkayBIminGacdeNþImyk):akan)an. enHKWCakarQøanBanelIkTI1rbs;cin. enAqñaM1281 cinQøanBanPUmamþgeTot eRkayBITamTar[PUmaRbKl;dMrIs nigsYysarGakr epSg²eTAfVay kñúgnamCaRBHecAGFiraC min)an. eRkayBIdeNþImykPema)anrYcmk T½Bcin)anvay yk g:esagküaM {raCFanIenAk,alTenø} EdlenAcm¶ayEtb:unµanKILÚEm:Rtb:ueNÑaHxagTisGaeKñy_. enAeBlenaH RBH)aTnrsßbti)ancat;[eKeFVIkMEpgkarBarraCFanI):akany:agrwgmaM b:uEnþedayenAEtmin TukRBHT½y RTg;k¾)anePosRBHkayeTAenAÉ)asaMg ehIyRtÚvT½BcinedjtamrhUtdl;RBúm Etminh‘am tameTAq¶ayeT. karQøanBanelIkTI2rbs;cinenH GñkRsukenAmancgcaMenAeLIy. karQøanBanrbs;cinelIkTI3ekItmaneLIgenAkñúgraCüRBH)aTsUnIt edIm,IelIkRBH)aTküÚsV³ [eLIgesayraCüvij. k¾b:uEnþedayRTg;Cakmµvtßúéns®gÁam RBHGnuC3GgÁrbs;RBHGgÁk¾)aneFVIKut RBHGgÁrYckat;ykRBHeksepJICUn]tþmesnIy_cinRBmCamYynwgvtßúGnusSavrIy_CaeRcIneTot.emT½Bcin k¾vilRtlb;eTARsukvij)at;eTA. karlukluyrbs;cinelIkTI3enHmin)aneTAq¶ayhYsBImüindaMg raCFanIrbs;PUmaPaKxageCIgeT.eBlenaHRbEhlCaBYkeb:háan)anksagGaNacRkeLIgvijenAxag t,ÚgrYcehIy. enAsm½yeBlEdleyIgerobrab;mkdl;enH manRbCaCnBIrCasRtÚvnwgKñaenAPUma KWmYyenAxag eCIg mYyeTotenAxagt,Úg RbCaCnTaMgBIrenHb:HTgÁicc,aMgrujKñaeTAvijeTAmkdeNþImTwkdIsuvNÑPUmi. ral;eBl GñkEdlQñHEtgEtbnþs®gÁameTAelIBYkéf dUc²Kña. dUecñH BYkeb:háan nigBYkb‘Írm:an EdlCa sRtÚvnwgKña mansRtÚvsYBUCrYmKñaKWBYkéf ehIyKMnuMrYmenHÉgbegáIt)anCamenaseBa©tnaCatirYmmYy 156 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 157 EdleFVI[eKrYbrYmKña)anenAeBlNamansnþiPaBnwgKña ebIehacNas;k¾mYydgmYykalEdr kalNaeK maneKalbMNgrYmKñaEtmYy CaBiesskñúgkarsþar nigksagRbeTseLIgvij ebIeTaHCafa TMnas;)an bnSl;nUvkarxUcxatCaeRcIn k¾eday. RBHraCaTwkdIsuvNÑPUmiGgÁNak¾eday minfaRTg;manQamC½rCaGVI eT KWsuT§EtCasRtÚvnwgBYkéf b¤esom TaMgGs; ehIyEtgEteFVIs®gÁamCamYyBYkéfenHCanic© minEdl manesþcGgÁNa EdlERskrt;rkCMnYyBIéfmþgNaeT20 . 5- RbeTsma: eLsIu Baküfa m:aeLsuI Edl´eRbIenH sMedAykbNþaRsukTaMgGs;EdlmanBYkm:aeL b¤GñkRsukEdl sßitenAeRkamkarRtÜtRtarbs;BYkm:aeLrs;enA ehIyenAeBlenH ´nwgelIkEtGMBI\T§iBlEdlBYkenH manmkelI\NÐÚcinb:ueNÑaH. TwkdIm:aeLsuIrYmman ekaHs‘Um:aRtaEdlCaRbPBedImrbs;BYkm:aeL/ ekaHCVa CaekaHEdlBYkenHdeNþIm)anmuneK/ ekaHtUc²EdlenACuMvij]bTVIbb‘½reNGU ehIynigeTobekaHm:aLaka EdlBYkRkic nigLataMgsÁal;eRkameQµaHfa EQsUENsmas. ´min)anrab;bBa©ÚlpgeTnUvBYkcam EdlCabcäajatirbs;BYkenH ehIyEdl´)anerobrab;ehIyBIxagelIrYcmkehIy. eyIgKµanBt’manGMBITwkdITaMgGs;enHkalBIsm½yburaNeT. manEtBYkcinb:ueNÑaH Edl)an sresrBt’manxøH²GMBIRsukenHmuneK eRkABIenHeyIgesÞIrEtmindwgGVITal;EtesaHmunstvtSr_TI13. EtBt’manrbs;BYkcinenaHeTotesatk¾cEmøkxøaMgNas;Edr eRBaHQµaHEdleKdak;[tamGkSrcinPaK eRcIn minGackMNt;rkeXIj mindwgRsukNaCaRsukNaeT. karsikSaEdlGñkR)aCJmYycMnYn)aneFVI Ca Biess elIRsukenHk¾minc,as; smµtikmµEdlBImuneKTTYlsÁal;faRtwmRtÚv \LÚvenHEbrCafaxuseTA vij. ´nwgxitxMelIkykmkniyayenAeBlenHEtGMBIGVIEdlR)akdRbCa edIm,Ibgðaj[eXIjfa BiPB m:aeLenaHdUcemþc ehtuGVIk¾KµanGVI[rwgmaM GñkRsukCaBYkecarsmuRT b:uEnþmantYnaTImYysMxan;enAkñúgRbvtþi sa®sþrbs;\NÐÚcin ebIniyayGMBI\NÐÚcinRtÚvEtniyayGMBIBYkenHpgEdr. ekaHs‘Um:aRtamaneQµaHdUecñHedaysarraCFanIEdlmaneQµaHsmuRT³.BImuneKehAfaekaHCVaFM 20 sBVéf¶enH BYkeb:háan)anRtÚveKkemÞc bM)ak;exÞcxÞI b¤k¾rlaycUlCamYyBYkb‘Írm:anGs;ehIy GñkEdlenAsl;rs; rebobCaCnbreTsenAelITwkdIrbs;xøÜn b¤CaRkúmCnKµansarsMxan; elIkElgEtBYkEdl)anePosxøÜnmkenARsukesom manRbmaNCa10muWnnak;b:ueNÑaH.
ÉekaHCVasBVéf¶CaCVatUc. BYkhiNÐÚehAfaCVaTVIb Edl´KitfaCaeQµaHcas;CageKTaMgGs;. EtGñkRsuk m:aeLxøÜnÉg nigGñkRsukCitxag)anehAekaHenHfa taNasm:aLayU mann½yfa TwkdIBYkm:aeL. R)akd Nas;faekaHTaMgGs;enHKµaneQµaHGVI[c,as;las;eTkalBIsm½ybuerRbvtþieRBaHdUc´)anCRmabBIxag elIrYcmkehIy eK[eQµaHRsukmYyeTAtamEtraCaNacRkEdl)ankekIteLIgb:ueNÑaH. CYnkal vaGacnwgfa karEdleKehAfaCVaFM nigCVatUcy:agenH KWGaRs½yeTAtameQµaHraCaNacRkEdlxøaMgCag eK GacvatGMNaceTAelIraCaNacRkÉeTot²)an b:uEnþniyaydUecñHvahak;dUcCaTUlMTUlayeBk. eKTTYlsÁal;fa ekaHCVaFM b¤s‘Um:aRta CaRsukedImrbs;BYkm:aeL b¤m:aLayU. eKniyayfa BYk m:aeL )anecjBIekaHenHeTAdeNþImykekaHCVa rYcykRbCuMekaHesELb nigeTobekaHm:aLaka CaTIEdl eK)anCYbCamYyviRbCamanCatisasn_Rbhak;RbEhlnwgeK KWBYkmn ehIybnÞab;mk)anCYbCamYy GñkRsukedImCaGñksagnKrhVÚNn EdleRkaymkkøayCakm<úCa nigesom. BYkm:aeL)antaMgTIlMenA enARKb;TisTI ehIyebIsinCa´minRcLMeT KWenAeBleRkayBIkartaMgTI lMenAenHrYcehIyEdlBYkenH)ane)aHbg;ecalkareKarBbUCaduMfµnigCIdUnCItaEbrmkkan;RBhµBaØsasnavij EdlCasasnamYyeKarBbUCaGaTieTBtMNagedayrUbbdima enArvagqñaM70énRKisþskraC enAeBlEdlmanBYk\NÐaRbmaN2muWnRKÜsarmkrs;enAlayLMCamYynwgBYkeK. edaymanTMnak;TMng Cab;CamYybNþaTwkdIcMNuHrbs;eK BYkCVaRBahµN_TaMgenaHk¾taMgnaMykCMenOfµIenHmkpSBVpSayEdr dUc Edlbcäajatirbs;eKnwgeFVIenA12stvtSr_eRkaymk eBlpSBVpSayc,ab;mham:at;. tamemIleTA BYkm:aeL cab;kan;RBhµBaØsasnaenAkñúgsm½yEtmYydUcKña. eday)anrkSaTMnak;TMngCaRbcaMCamYy\NÐaPaKxagt,Úg CaTIkEnøgEdlRBhµBaØsasnamankar rIkceRmInxøaMgCagPaKxageCIg BYkm:aeLmanCMenOsasnamutmaMNas;. Cak;EsþgdUcCaenAnKrcam:,a EdlCaGaNaniKmm:aeLmYyEdrenaH eKeXIjfaBYk®sþI²EtgEtelatcUlkñúgePøIgEdleKbUCasVamI edIm,IsMEdgPkþIPaB RBmCamYyenaHk¾manTmøab;mYyeTotEdl´KitfaRbEhlCamanedImkMeNItecjBI BYkm:aeLvij KWesnaTaMgLaysuxcitþbUCaxøÜnenAkñúgePøIgEdleKdutemekay EdlBYkeKFøab;beRmI. nKrhVÚNn nKrcam:,a Rsukesom ehIynigeTobekaHm:aLaka TaMgGs;KñaenHmanTMenomTmøab;min sUvxusKñaeT. ÉksarRbvtþisa®sþrbs;cink¾)aneFVIkarkt;smÁal;eXIjy:agenHEdr. ´Kitfa Tmøab; EdleKeRbIenAkñúgraCvaMgesþc BiFIkarepSg² karerobcMcat;taMgraCvaMg c,ab;Tmøab;sRmab;RbCara®sþ Gnuvtþ nigkartubEtgTaMgLay mankarxusEbøkBIKñatictYcNas; BIeRBaHfarebobrbbTaMgGs;enaH eKcmøgecjBI\NÐaTaMgGs;Kña ehIymñak;²Edlkan;RBhµBaØsasnadUcKña xitxMeFVIRtab;y:agNa[)an 158 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 159 dUcBYkhiNÐÚCam©as;edIménsasna. dUcEdleK)aneXIjBIxagelIrYcmkehIyfa Baküvrµ½n mann½yfa GñkkarBar EdleKeRbIP¢ab;eTAnwgRBHnamRBHraCaenAhVÚNn nigeRkaymkenAkm<úCa manedImkMeNIt ecjmkBI\NÐa eRbIdUecñHedaysnþtivgSbløv³ nigsnþtivgSmYycMnYneTot ehIyRBHraCacam:,a CVa nig s‘Um:aRta k¾)anykBaküenHmkdak;lm¥RBHnamCaPasasM®sáwt EdlRTg;TTYlykenAéf¶GPieskdUc KñaEdr. ´segáteXIjfaeTobekaHm:aLakamin)anGnuvtþtamTmøab;enHeT ehIyRBHraCarbs;eKminman RBHnamfavrµ½nEdr. cMNucRtg;enH eKKYrKitfa rhUtmkdl;stvtSr_TI13 muneBlEdlTwkdIrbs;eTob ekaHTaMgmUlFøak;eTAkñúgkarRKb;RKgrbs;raCaNacRkm:aLakaenAqñaM1252rYceRkaymkenAeRkamkar RKb;RKgrbs;BYkesom eTobekaHenHRKan;EtCaRsukmYyenAcMNuHnKrhVÚNnb:ueNÑaH ehIytamFmµta esþccMNuHminsmnwgmanzan³esµI esþcGFiraCeT. eyIg)ansÁal;eQµaHRsukTaMgGs;enH edaysar BYkcinEdlehAxusBIeQµaHedImehIyk¾min)anbBa¢ak;GMBITItaMg[)anc,as;las;pgEdrCaehtueFVI[man karlM)aknwgkMNt;TItaMg[)anRtwmRtÚvNas;. BYkcinerobrab;famanRsukmYy maneQµaHfa TYnsuIyun enAcugstvtSr_TI5 dwknaMedayKYnelVn ¬KULúg¦mñak; KWKrug/ Rkúg mann½yfa esþc GñkRsukmansk; Rkjaj;sm,úrexµA.Rsukpanpan21 BaküenHGacCazan³rbs;RBHraCaGñkGgÁm©as;b¤k¾rbs;m®nþI.Rsuk Lagy:aesov ¬RbEhlKWetNas;esrIm¦ niyayPasamndUcpanpanEdr PasaenHmanGm,ÚrCamYy PasaExµr22. RsukLÚEy EdlGñkniBn§cinmñak;niyayfa enAx½NÐBIRsukExµredaysmuRTtUcmYy ¬QUg smuRTesom¦tamemIleTAKWekdah_.RsukhVÚeqenAcugxagt,ÚgéneTobekaHEtenAxagelIekaHsigðburI. ekaHs‘ Um:aRta ³ enAstvtSr_TI5énRKisþskraC eKsÁal;ekaHenHtameQµaHm:aeLfa taNas m:aLayUmann½yfaTwkdIBYkm:aeLÉeQµaHtamPasasM®sáwtfaCVaTVIb.enAeBleRkaymkekaHenHman 21 elakvresnIy_ehSrInIKitfaTYnsuIyunRbEhlCasßitenAcenøaHm:ata)annigsuexaT½yehIyfapanpanenAxagelI TYnsuIyun cenøaHPñMtav:y nigTwkdIGyuFüa. kar):an;sµandUecñHGacRtwmRtÚv k¾b:uEnþebIy:agenHraCaNacRkTaMg2 nig Lagy:aesov minsßitenAkñúgeTobekaHm:aLakaeT. 22 elak EBlIy:U )anBnül;fa BYkmn nigBYkExµrenH)anRtÚvEbkKñaedaysarkarhUrcuHmkénBYkéf EdleFVI[BYkeKdac; TMnak;TMngCamYyKña.sUmGanÉksarrbs;Kat;maneQµaHfa Deux itinéraires de Chine en Inde EdlcuHenAkñúgRBwtþbRtsala )araMgcugbUB’a.
eQµaHfa RsIePaC³ EdltamemIleTAKWCaeQµaHEdlCaeKehAtameQµaHraCaNacRkNamYy EdlxøaMg BUEk GacvatGMNaceTAelInKrCitxag)an ehIycinehAminc,as;faeclIhVÚeq. ekaHd¾FMenHmanrdæTaMg Gs;cMnYn29. rdæEdlFMCageKKW):alwm)agEdlRbEhlCamaneQµaHfaRsIePaC³enaHÉgehIyEdlGñkRsuk eRkAKitfalatsn§wgelIekaHTaMgmUl.rdæenHmantYnaTIsMxan;Nas;kalBIGtItkal23.esþcrbs;nKr enH)anGHGagfa eKCab;ExSRsLayCamYyRBHecAGFiraCGaLicsg;LWRkg; Edl)anTMnak;TMngesñha Ca mYybuRtIrbs;esþcKIdahiNÐIEdlc,aMgcaj; manraCbuRtmYyRBHGgÁRBHnamfaGasÞÚn CaRBHraCa mYyGgÁmuneKkñúgcMeNamRBHraCahiNÐÚEdll,Il,aj.RBHraCaEdll,Il,ajCageKKWRBH)aTs‘UErm. esþcenHmanbcäajatimYyGgÁRBHnamfasg;saBY)a¬b¤esEB)a¦RTg;)anyagmkKg;enAsmuRT³enAelI PñMsaKuntagmhamIrU CaPñMskþisiT§irbs;BYkm:aeL bnÞab;mk )anyagmkKg;enA):alwm)agvij. RBHGgÁ CaemsnþtivgSénraCam:aeLTaMgGs; EdlesayraCüenA):alwm)ag enAemNagkabU ):ahÁarUy:ug mC):a hIt enACVa b‘íntag sigðburI m:aLaka ehIyebIsinCaeKeCOtamerOgeRBg RTg;k¾Caemrbs;snþtivgScin mYyEfmeTot Edl)anerobGaBah_BiBah_CamYyRBHnagRsIeTvI CabuRtI rbs;RBH)aTsg;saBY)a. esþc):alwm)agk¾dUcCaesþcm:aeLTaMgLayEdrEtgEtelIkraCvgS[esayraCüenAnKrenHnKr enaH ebIBuMenaHeTelIkkSRtIfVayesþcenH b¤esþcenaH Canic©. Cak;EsþgdUcCaesþcmC):ahIt Edl)an erobGaBah_BiBah_CamYyRBHnagQ®nÞeTvI CaRBHGanuCesþcRsukcin ehIymanGaBah_BiBah_ CaeRcIn eTot EdlrwtcMNgemRtIPaBekIteLIgehIyenH [kan;EtRbesIreLIgEfmeTot. manbcäajatirbs;esþcsg;saBY)amYyGgÁ)anksagraCFanICaeRcIn.RBHraCbuRtrbs;RBHGgÁ RBHnamfasg;nILaG‘Utam:abnÞab;BIesayraCüenAebntam)anksagraCFanIsigðbur³enAÉnKrtam:asak; b¤Fmµsk³ ehIyRTg;CaRBHraCaTImYyEdlmanRBHnamfa RsIRtIPUvn³. BYkcinEdl)anmkkan;):alwm)ag taMgBIqñaM670énRKisþskraCrhUtmk )ancat;TuknKrenHfa CanKrxøaMgBUEkCageKTaMgGs;kñúgtMbn;enH.enAkñúgqñaM720RBHraCa):alwm)agmYyGgÁ)anyagkat;mux 160 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 23 enAstvtSr_TI6 rdæenHmaneQµaHfakNÐrI ehIyenAstvtSr_TI10 cinehAfasanhVÚTSI ¬sMePaC³¦. eBlFøak;kñúgkar QøanBanrbs;BYkCVaenAkñúgqñaM1397 BYkenHdak;eQµaH[faKavküg; ¬KUkag¦. sm½yenaH BYkGar:ab;ehARsukenHfa Es‘bUy:a.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 161 bUCnIeysk_cineQµaH yItSúIg RTg;)aMgkøs;CaeRcInCan; ehIyKg;enAkñúgbus,úkeFVIGMBImas elIERKeFVIGMBI masEdr. raCFanIrbs;RBHGgÁCaraCFanIrbs;ekaHCVaFM CaTImCÄmNÐlBaNiC¢kmµCamYybreTsd¾ sMxan;. tamemIleTAekaHs‘Um:aRtaeBlenaHsßitenAeRkam\T§iBlrbs;):alwm)ag ehIyCasm,úk mnusSd¾FMmYy EdlCaRbPBedIménBYkGñkEdl)anmkdeNþImyknKrcam:,a nigtaMgTIlMenAdMbUg² enA km<úCaenAbNþaekaHm:aeLsuITaMgLayrYcsayPayeTAeBjRbCuMekaHTaMgmUlnig]bTVIbm:aLakapgEdr. ekaHCaV ³BYk\NÐaehAekaHCVafaCVaTVIbEdlcinehAtamEtminc,as;eTACaqUb:U/QUb:Ub¤TUb:U 24.enA sm½yCamYyKñanwg):alwm)agenaH manrdæmYyEdlRtÜtRtaelIkSRtRbeTscMnYn18epSgeTotenAelI ekaHenaH KWrdæmC):ahIt mkBIeQµaHedImeQImYyedImKW mC³ nigEpøEdlmanrs;CatilVIg ¬):ahIt¦. eK mindwgfa rdæenHcab;kekIteLIgBIeBlNamkeT. enAstvtSr_TI13rdæenHmanraCFanIfµIEdlhak;dUcCamaneQµaHfamCbhIt³sßitenAelImat;Tenø ekDIrI enAkNþaléRBém:sak;d¾FMmYy. mansMENsesssl;rbs;raCFanIenHsBVéf¶enAelIdICaeRcIn Ban;Em:Rtkaer: EdlCakarbBa¢ak;fa KWCardæd¾xøaMgBUEkmYy kalBIsm½yenaH. vahak;dUcCakarBitEdlfaTIRkúgenHmaneQµaHfa CVa muneBlEdl)anRtÚvksageLIgvij eday esþcviC½y. KWCaTIRkúgFMCageKenAelIekaHenH CaehtueFVI[eKehAekaHTaMgmUlfaCVadUecñHEdr taMgEtBI muneBlEdl)anvatGMNaceTAelIkSRtRbeTsÉeTot²emø:H. manGñkxøH)anGHGagEfmeTotfa ekaH enHBImunmaneQµaHfa hUlIg b¤kligÁ dUceQµaH rdækligÁ enA\NÐaG‘ÍcwgEdr EdlCakarbBa¢ak;rwtEtc,as; EfmeTotfa enHCaGaNaniKmmYyrbs;BYkhiNÐÚ mkBIkligÁ. erOgehtuGacekItmany:agenHEmn Et´ Kitfa BYkGñkeFVIdMeNIrtamnavamkdl;ekaHCVaetagEtehAekaHenHeTAtamTIRkúgEdleK)ancuHct ehIy kligÁ/ CVa nigmCbhIt³ GacCakMBg;EpnavabnþbnÞab;EdlmanBaNiC¢kmµsMxan;CageK. edayehtuenH ekaHenHk¾RtÚveKehAfaCVadUecñHeTA ehIyBYkbreTsehA nigsresreQµaHeTAtamGkSreK BYkhiNÐÚehA fa hUlIg b¤kligÁ ÉBYkcinehAfa qUb:U.l. CaedIm. ebIeTaHCay:agNakþI eKminGackMNt;eBlénkarksagTIRkúgmCbhIt³muncugstvtSr_TI12 )aneT. b:uEnþ´dUcCaecHEtenAcg;kMNt;kalbriecäTenaHeTABIrstvtSr_mun KW[RtÚvnwgsm½ykalvIr 24 ExµreyIgehAfaekaHCVaRsukCVanKrCVa.
burssuInEbd rbs;GñkniBn§Gar:ab; nigEBkS b:uEnþKµanmUlehtuRKb;RKan;. mYyryqñaMeRkaymk RBHecAGFiraCcinKUb‘ÍéLxan;)anbBa¢ÚnT½BmYykg[mksgswknwgkar Rbmafrbs;esþcmCbhIt³mkelIraCTUtcin. T½BcinvayT½BCVaQñHmundMbUgenARtg;dIsNþs‘Ur:a)ay:a Ek,rmat;BamTenøekDIrI. bnÞab;mk)antammkvayrhUtdl;kMEpgraCFanImCbhIt³ dutbMpøajRsukexÞc xÞI EtdeNþImykraCFanImin)an k¾Rtlb;eTAvijeTAeBl4ExeRkay. RBwtþikarN_enHekIteLIgenAkñúg qñaM1293. karcaj;édcinenHmin)aneFVI[raCaNacRkCVacuHexSayeT BIeRBaHeyIgeXIjbnÞab;mkfa BYkenH)anecjmkvayEpñkGaeKñy_ekaHs‘Um:aRta deNþImykraCaNacRk):asIdak;CacMNuHenAedIm stvtSr_TI14. mankarbBa¢ak;c,as;fa rhUtdl;muncugstvtSr_TI14 rdæmCbhIt³enH)anvatGMNaceTAelI raCaNacRkcMnYn18 EdlsßitenAelIekaHEk,r²ekaHCVa eTAelIraCaNacRkcMnYn8enAelIekaHb‘½reNGU nigeTAelIraCaNacRk3eTotenATisxagekIt enAkñúgRbCMuekaHhVIlIBIn. RBHraCaCVa minGacrkSardæd¾eRcInTaMgGs;enHenAeRkamkarRtÜtRtarbs;xøÜn)anyUrb:unµaneT b:uEnþ eKeXIjfa enAstvtSr_TI14manRBHraCamYyGgÁ)ancab;epþImeFVIs®gÁamCamYyraCaNacRk):asI rYc)anvaykemÞchSmb‘I nig):alwm)ageBleFVIdMeNIrRtlb;mkvij RBmTaMg)annaMykBYkeQøIyswk mkdak; enAelIekaHCVa EfmeTotpg. gb;gulnwgC½yCmñHenAelIekaHs‘Um:aRta RBHraCaGgÁenaHk¾cab;epþImeFVIkarvaydeNþImykkSRt RbeTsTaMg29xagelI RBmTaMg)anvaydeNþImykkSRtRbeTsÉkraC5eTot dak;CacMNuH. RBHGgÁ )anksagsMeBA600 manT½B nigGavuFyuT§PNÐRKb;RKan; eRkamkarbBa¢arbs;]tþmesnIy_3rUb. kñúg s®gÁamxagelI RTg;RbmUl)anC½yPNÐCaeRcIn rhUtdl;RbvtþiviTUrbs;):asI huIkay:utr:aCa ¬r:aCa):asI¦ niyayfa minGacKNna)an. s®gÁamvatGMNacenH )aneFVI[esþcmCbhIt³ mankitþiname)aHsMeLgCaxøaMg enAkñúgcMeNam RBHraCadéTeTot Edlcab;bBa¢ÚnsYysarGakrd¾eRcInelIslb;mkfVay ehIymCbhIt³ k¾køayCa {TIkEnøgEdlmanmnusSmñaeFVIdMeNIreTAmkBIRsukcMNuH\tdac;}. raCFanImCbhIt³)anrIkFM manRbCa CneRcIn sm,Úrsb,ay {B¤EtsMeLgsÁrKgeXµaHbnøWlayLMCamYysMeLg]bkrN_t®nþIÉeToty:ag BIeraHrg¿}. GñkRbvtþiviTU)anbnþeTotfa{eKeXIjmanEl,g nigTsSnIyPaBEbøk²CaeRcIn dUcCaelçan sil,ésy elçantukáta nadükmµ)aMgmux ceRmógCaRkúm nigRkúmesokd¾buinRbsb;. manbuNüTaMgyb; TaMgéf¶ mðÚbGahark¾minxVH maneTscrmkBIRKb;TisTIcUlmkTsSna}. 162 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 163 )a: sI ³ enAedImstvtSr_TI12 TIRkúgmYyenAcugxageCIgekaHs‘Um:aRtamaneQµaHfa sam:aLg;. TIRkúgenHCaraCFanIrbs;raCaNacRktUcmYyEdlCardæcMNuH):alwm)ag. manRBHraCa2GgÁ Cabgb¥Ún Edl)anksagTIRkúgenHeLIg RBHraCaenaHkan;sasnatamBYkGar:ab; RbEhledaysasnaenaH CasasnaeFVIs®gÁamRbqaMgBYkk,t; nigRbEhledaysarBYkGar:ab;Edl)aneFVIdMeNIrmkdl;TIenaH niyayEtGMBIcm,aMgvatTwkdI EdlBYksasnikeFVIcab;BIcugEpndIxaglic rhUtmkdl;smuRTbwgháal;. BYkGñkRsukk¾)ancUlsasnaGar:ab;enH dUcCaRBHraCaeKEdr. dUcenH raCaNacRkenHKWCaraCaNacRk TI1 Edlkan;sasnamham:at;. manm®nþImñak;eQµaH m:ar:asuIlU EdlRtÚveKbeNþjecjBInKrsam:aLg; )anmktaMgTIlMenA enAnwg PUmitUcmYy maneQµaHfa b‘ULÚetLúg. eKniyayfam®nþIenaH)ankøayxøÜnCaemecarsmuRTd¾kacsahav manRTBüsm,tþihUrehorEtcitþTUlayBUEkeFVIcm,aMgnigmanl,iceRcIn.GñkRsukenATIenaH)anelIkm®nþI enaH[eFVICaesþc ksagraCFanImYyfVay nigelIktemáIgRBHraCaGgÁenHdUcCabNþas‘ultg; rbs; sam:aLg; G‘ÍcwgEdr. RBHGgÁ)anRbkan;ykRBHzan³Cas‘ultg;sumuRT³enAqñaM1250. RBHraCaGgÁenH )aneFVIs®gÁamRbkbeTAedayC½yCmñHCajwkjab; CamYys‘ultg; sam:aLg; CaehtueFVI[eKxøacrGa RBHGgÁRKb;KñaenAkñúgtMbn;. KWenAeBlenaHehIyEdlRTg;)anksagraCFanI):asIeLIg cUlkan;sasnaGuIsøam ehIye)aHbg; ecalRBHzan³m:ar:asuIlU edayRbkan;ykRBHzan³CaemLwkEGlsaeLsvij. RTg;)andak;eQµaH[ raCFanIsumuRT³fa sumuRT³daEGlsaLaM mann½yfa {sumuRT³CaTIsMNak;snþiPaB} BIeRBaHfa GñkRsuk )anbþÚrcUlkan;sasnaGuIsøamedaymincaM)ac;mankarbgçitbgç¿25. RBHGgÁ)anerobGaBah_BiBah_CamYy buRtIRBHraCa EBrLak; ehIymanraCbuRtmYyGgÁKW emLikEGlsaEh‘ EdlesayraCübnþBIRBHGgÁ)an b:unµanqñaM k¾suKtteTA bnSl;TukraCbuRta2GgÁ[enACamYy RBHGyüekaemLikEGlsaeLs mYyKW emLikEGlm:amUdmYyeTotKWemLikEGlm:g;sY.emLikEGlm:amUdeRkaymkCas‘ultg;esayraCüenA ):asI ÉemLikEGlm:g;sY Cas‘ultg;enAsumuRT³. 25 eQµaHEbbenHhak;dUcCakan;EtbBa¢ak;fakarbþÚrcUlkan;sasnaGuIsøamenAcugbUB’aenAbUB’anigenAbs©imRbeTsminEmn RbRBwtþeTAedaykarsµ½RKcitþenaHeT.
raCaNacRkTaMg2mankitþinaml,IsuHsayeTARKb;TisTI ehIyenAkEnøgNak¾B¤EteKniyayGMBI s‘ultg;emLikEGlm:amUdnigemLikEGlm:g;sYfamanGMNacxøaMgkøasm,Úrsb,ayEdr.ehtukarN_enH )aneFVI[esþcesombBa¢ÚnT½BtameCIgTwkmYykgFMmkkan;sumuRT³ edIm,ITamTar[elIksYysarGakr eTA fVayedayRbkan;faCaRbeTscMNuHePøcbMeBjkatBVkic©EdltamemIleTAKWCasiT§iEdlmantBIRBHraCa km<úCamk.emLikEGlm:amUdRTg;eRkaFnwgGakb,kiriyarbs;esomenHCaxøaMgehIy)anbBa¢a[vayeTA T½BesomEdleTIbnwgcuHdl;dI rYc[sagsg;kMEBgkarBarraCFanI. s®gÁammanry³eBlyUr EtTIbBa©b; m:amUd TTYlC½yCmñH smøab;T½Besom)anesÞIrEtTaMgGs; GñkxøHRtÚvGñkRsuksmøab; esssl;tictYcrt; eLIgsMeBARtlb;eTARsukvij. emRtIPaBrvagbgb¥ÚnTaMg2l¥Nas; rhUtdl;eBlmYyEdlemLikEGlm:g;sY eFVIdMeNIreTAkan; raCvaMgrbs;bgEtemLikEGlm:amUdminenARbeTHeXIjnarIs¥atmñak;edIrecjmkKYrRslaj;k¾cab;yk eTA. m:amUdxwgNas; k¾erobEpnkarsgswk edayeFVICaGeBa¢Ijm:g;sY[mkcUlrYmBiFIkat;Es,kGgÁCati buRta rYccab;ykeTAbMbrbg;elIekaHq¶aymYy. m:amUd)anyksumuRT³mkdak;CaTwkdIrbs;xøÜn. dl; eRkaymk m:amUd nwkeXIjGaNitb¥Ún sþaykMhus k¾bBa¢a[eKtameTAykb¥ÚnRtlb;mkvij b:uEnþ m:g;sY RtÚvsøab;tampøÚv.erOgenHrwtEteFVI[m:amUdmanvib,disarIxøaMgeLIgEfmeTotRTg;k¾dak;raCsm,tþifVay RBHraCbuRtaRBHnamfa GaemdeTA. KWenAkñúgrC¢kalrbs;esþcGaemdenHÉg EdlesþcmCbhIt³)anbBa¢ÚnkgT½Bmkvayyk ):asI ehIydutbMpøajexÞcxÞI eFVI[rdæenHrlt;rlay)at;eTA min)anmYystvtSr_pgcab;BIeBlksagmk enA qñaM1250. b:unµanqñaMeRkaymk BYkcamenA\NÐÚcinEdlRtÚvBYkGaNÑamvay[braC½y )aneFVIdMeNIrmkkan; TwkdIRtg;enH begáItCamYyBYkm:aeLkñúgRsuk)anCardæGaeceLIg EdlmanGtßiPaBrhUtdl;qñaM1900. ma: Laka ³ ry³kalyUreRkaymkesþcmCbhIt³)anvaydeNþImyksigðburIEdlsagnILaG‘Uta m:a )anksageLIgkalBIeRcInstvtSr_mun ehIymansah_26 GuIság;EDrkMBugEtesayraCü. tamBit 164 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 26 Bakü sah_ enHCaBakü EBkS køaymkBIBaküsM®sáwtkSRtiy³ bBa¢ak;fa GñkEdleFVI[tMbn;enHEbreTAkan;sasna GuIsøamvij KWBYkEBkS b¤BYkm:ugehÁal mkBI\NÐa.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 165 raCFanI )anRtÚvFøak;eTAkñúgédsRtÚvdUecñHedaymkBImanm®nþIk,t; KWebndahar:asg;r:g;CUnta):a eRBaHxwg nwgRBHraCaEdl)ansmøab;buRtIrbs;xøÜnCaGKÁmehsI y:agefakTabbMput edayRTg;ecaTfa RBHCaya bM)ak;muxRBHGgÁ k¾sgswkedayebIkéd[sRtÚvcUlmk. GuIság;EDreKcxøÜnrYc)anePosRBHkayCamYyRBHraCvgSnigesnaPIelogeTAKg;enAÉm:UGarYceTA kUtab‘UrU eTAsg;hÁg;G‘UhSúg TIbBa©b; eTAKg;enAelImat;Tenøbg;taM EdlRTg;yl;faq¶ayputBIédBYkCVa ehIy k¾cat;[ksagraCFanIhSakULa eLIgenAkñúgRKisþskraC1375 RtÚvnwgmhaskraC1297. raCFanI enH eRkaymkKW m:aLaka27 . enAeBlTTYl)andMNwgGMBIkarksagraCFanIfµIenH GñkRsukCaeRcInEdlePosxøÜnecjrYcBIsigðburI putBIkarsmøab;rgÁal¬manmnusSCag4muWnnak;RtÚveKsmøab;¦)annaMKñart;BBak;BBUnmkrs;enAeFVI[ekIt CaraCaNacRktUcmYyRbkbeTAedayRbCaCnGg;Gachankøa eRBaHsuT§CaGñkpSgeRBg CaGñkmankMhwg QWcab; EdlePosxøÜneKcBIkarkab;smøab;rbs;BYkCVa. raCFanIfµIenHmanTItaMgl¥ KWsßitenAelIRckd¾ ceg¥óténsmuRTm:aLaka enAcMBImuxekaHr:U):at;. raCFanIenHbnÞab;mk)ankøayCaTIkEnøgsRmak nigpÁt; pÁg;es,ógsRmab;BYkGñkefµIrsmuRTEdlecjcUlCajwkjab;. RBHraCaEdlesayraCübnþBIGuIság;EDrbnÞab;TI3 KWektCitebsa eLIgesayraCüenAqñaM1276 )anERbcUlkan;sasnaGuIsøamehIydUreQµaHeTACas‘ultg;mhaemdsah_vij.eBlenaHGñkRsukTaMg Gs;TenÞjcaMmat;nUvrUbmnþBIrXøa{KµanGaTieTBdéTeTotNaeRkABIGaTieTBEdlmanEtmYyKt;KµanGñkNa RbdUc ehIymhaemdCa´beRmI nigCaGñknaMsarrbs;RBHGgÁ}. edayehtuenHm:aLaka)ansßitenACa raCaNacRkkan;sasnaGuIsøamGs;kald¾xøI enAkNþalrdætUc²CaeRcInEdlkan;RBhµBaØsasna. enAeBlenaHs®gÁam)anRtÚvRbkaseLIgeTAelIBYkRbqaMgehIyTwkdIEdlsßitenAxagekItm:aLaka rhUtdl;smuRTesomk¾RtÚv)andeNþImdak;CacMNuH rYmman):ahag/ eRtghÁanU/ rYcRbCuMekaHligÁ³ nig RbCuMekaHebntag EdlBImunCaTwkdIcMNuHesþcsigðburI )ann½yfaRKb;RKgedaybuBVbursrbs;s‘ultg; m:aLaka. eyIg)aneXIjBIxagelIrYcmkehIyfa esþcesom)anTamTarfaxøÜnmansiT§iGFiraCPaBelIraCa NacRk):asI enAxageCIgekaHs‘Um:aRta dUecñHvac,as;Nas;fa eKrwtEtmansiT§ixøaMgNas;eTAeTotmkelI 27 Baküm:aLaka enH CaeQµaHrukçCatimYyedIm KW emblica officinalis.
eTobekaHm:aLakaEdltamemIleTAGnutþrPaBenHbnþBIGFiraCPaBrbs;esþckm<úCamk.esþcesommYy GgÁEdlRbvtþisa®sþraCaNacRkm:aLakaehAfab‘U)anIy:a28 edaymanbMNgcg;ykraCaNacRkfµIenH dak;eRkamkarRtÜtRta )anbBa¢ÚnT½BmYykg[mkvay eRkambBa¢arbs;rdæm®nþIxags®gÁam. EtT½BenH RtÚvesþcm:aLakavay[braC½y ehIyT½BEdlbBa¢ÚnmkelIkTI2eRkambBa¢arbs;eteCaesom k¾RtÚv braC½yEdr EfmTaMgRtÚvedjvayRbharrhUtdl;cugeTobekaH. cab;BIeBlenaHmk esþcesomk¾ e)aHbg;KMnitcg;)anraCaNacRkenHEdlecHkarBarxøÜn)any:agBUEk ehIyeKk¾ElgeXIjmanT½Besom cUlmkeTotEdr. enAedImstvtSr_TI14 s‘ultg;EdlesayraCübnþBIs‘ultg;enHmaneQµaHfa m:g;sYsa RTg;)an eFVIs®gÁamdeNþImyk):ahagEdlRbEhlCa)anerIbRmHrYcBInwmRtÜtRtarbs;m:aLaka ehIyEdlkal enaHsßitenAeRkamkardwknaMrbs;mharaCeTv³suriya Casac;sarelahitb¤k¾CaesþcsamnþraCrbs; esþcesom. m:g;sYsa)annaMmharaCenHCaeQøIyykmkkan;m:aLakaCamYyraCvgSTaMgGs; bnÞab;mk k¾)anerobGaBah_BiBah_CamYybuRtIRss;s¥atRBHnamfa vNagRsI. GaBah_BiBah_enHeFVI[esom nigm:aLakaxiteTACitrkKña eRBaHbnþiceRkaymks‘ultg;m:aLaka )anbBa¢ÚnraCTUtmYyeTAkan;GyuFüa ehIydUcEdlelak m:arI )anniyayG‘Ícwg sm<½n§emRtI nigmitþPaB )anekItmaneLIgrvagraCaNacRkesomd¾manGMNacCamYynwgrdætUcm:aLaka KWrdæmYykan;RBHBuT§ sasnardæmYyeTotkan;sasnaGuIsøam. b:unµanqñaMeRkaymk s‘ultg;)anerobGaBah_Bibah_CamYybuRtIesþcmCbhIt³ RBHnag r:aDin hÁaLac®nÞekr:aNa ehIy)anTTYlCacMNgédnUvraCaNacRk\®nÞKirI/ esogtag nig):alwm)ag Edlsßit enAelIekaHs‘Um:aRta b¤ekaHCVaFM. tamemIleTAnKrTaMg4minTan;ERbeTAkan;sasnaGuIsøamenAeLIy eRBaHfaeQµaH \®nÞKirI k¾dUcCaeQµaHrbs;nKrRBHnagkSRtI minEmnCaeQµaHtamPasaGar:ab;eT. enAeBlRtlb;mkkan;nKrvij s‘ultg;m:aLaka )anelIkbuRtIRBHGgÁ[eTARBHraCa\®nÞKirI eFVICa mehsI. eKniyayfa sUm,IEtesþcRsukcinEdl)anGHGagfaCab;ExSRsLayCamYyRBHecAGFiraC GaLicsg;LWRkg; k¾R)afñacgsm<½n§emRtICamYys‘ultg;m:aLakaEdr Cak;EsþgKWRTg;)anelIkRBHraCbuRtI RBHnamhuglIb:UfVay EdlEhhmeTAedayraCTUt nigPIelogRsIRbúscMnYn500nak; suT§EtCakUn Gs; 166 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 28 etICaBakü {Bja} b¤?
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 167 BYknamuWnsBVmuxm®nþIBYkenHeRkaymkbegáIt)anCaGaNaniKmcinenAb‘UKitéqNa¬PñMcin¦EdleRbób)an eTAnwgPñMm:ugm:aRtmYyenAm:aLaka. edayRBHkSRtIRTg;yl;RBmcUlsasnaGuIsøam esþc s‘ultg; k¾ TTYlerobkareFVICamehsIeTA. enAsm½yCamYyKñaenaH sg;GaCI b¤esþcb‘½reNGUk¾)ancuHsn§isBaØamitþPaBCamYys‘ultg; m:aLakaEdr Edl)ankøayeTACamhaGMNacxøaMgkøamYy. RTg;)anseRmccitþkm©at;emecarsmuRTd¾ sahavmñak; enAkñúgsmuRTxagt,Úg KWesþcm:g;kasa EdlEtgEtratt,atTwkdItammat;smuRTCVa esom sigðburI nigs‘Um:aRta. RTg;)anbBa¢ÚnT½BedjvayemecarsmuRTenaH ehIybgç¿[vadkfyecjeTAsm¶M enAkñúgRbeTsvavij. bnþiceRkaymkeTot RTg;)aneFVIcm,aMgCamYys‘ultg;):asI EdldeNþImraCsm,tþiBIRBHerom nigcab;deNþImTwkdIrdæepSg²eTotrbs;RBHGgÁ. s‘ultg;EdlesayraCübnþBIRBHGgÁKWRBHraCbuRtaRBHnamGaLaEGlDInr:ay:atsah_.RBHraCa GgÁenH )anvaykm©at;BYkecarEdlEtgEtmkqk;bøn;m:aLaka rYc)anvayb®gáabesþcharU:EdlecHEt mkratt,atmat;smuRTm:aLaka ehIycab;bgç¿[cuHsn§isBaØasnþiPaBmYy. raCbuRtrbs;GaLaEGlDInr:ay:atsah_ KWs‘ultg;m:amUdsah_ CamnusSxilxUc )anvayyk Rsukm:g;Cg/ eb:r:ak;29 nigkaLg;tg;dak;bBa©ÚlmkkñúgTwkdI EdleFVI[mankarPJak;ep¥IlCaxøaMg b:uEnþRbvtþiviTU m:aLaka niyayfa enHKWmkBIkaMePøIgEdlT½Bm:aLakamYycMnYnmankñúgéd GavuFTaMgGs;enaHBYkB½rTuyehÁ EdleTIbmanvtþmankñúgtMbn;)anfVay s‘ultg; CaGnusSavrIy_. enAsm½yenaHRbéBNIm:aLaka)anRsutcuHCaxøaMg manbBaðapitk,t;CaerOy² eFVI[GVI²l¥k;kkr Gs; ehIyerOgGs;enHekIteLIgmkBImanKMrUminl¥rbs;RBHraCa RBHerom nigRBHGnuC nigesnasBV muxm®nþI. manerOgcab;BRgt;®sþI nignarIral;yb; ehIyebIkuMEtmannaykrdæm®nþImñak;rwgmaM KWebndahar:a RsImharaCamWugm:at;kñúgkarRKb;RKgkic©karnKrmindwgCaRsukeBlenaHkøayCaGaRkk;y:agNaeTeRBaH RBHraCamin)anykRBHT½yTukdak;nwgdwknaMnKreTKitEtBIkarsb,ay.ebndahar:aenH)anrujRcanT½B RBHraCalIK½r Edlesþcesom)anbBa¢Ún[mkvayRbharTIRkúg):ahag [dkfyeTAvij rYc)ancab;bgç¿ GgÁm©as;esommñak; Edl)aneKcxøÜnmkksagkSRtRbeTs):atanI [dUrcUlkan;sasnaGuIsøam ehIy 29 CaPasaExµr KWR)ak;.
dak;xøÜncMNuHs‘ultg;m:aLaka RBmTaMgbþÚreQµaHeTACa s‘ultg;Gaemdsah_ én ):atanI vij. ebndahar:a enH k¾)anENnaM[esþcekdah_ dak;xøÜnCacMNuH s‘ultg;m:aLaka pgEdr. edayrdæm:aLakasßitenAkñúgRckd¾ceg¥óténsmuRT ehIy)ankøayeTACaRckecjcUlénsMeBA smuRT CamCÄmNÐlBaNiC¢kmµd¾BiessmYy nigCaTIpSarmanskmµPaBy:agskmµenaH ehtukarN_enH )anTak;TajBYkB½rTuyehÁ[mankarcab;GarmµN_CaxøaMg. BYkenHmansMeBAFM² EdleFVIdMeNIrkat; smuRTEBkSsmuRT\NÐabwgháal;eTAdl;PaKxagt,ÚgRsukcinnigRbeTsCb:unEfmeTot.m:aLakaeBl enaH manRbCaCn19muWnnak; kMBg;EpmansMeBAcUlctelIkdak;TMnij b¤pÁt;pÁg;es,ógmunnwgcakecj eTAvij minticCag20eRKÓgeTkñúg1éf¶² ¬TMnijmans<an;b¤kaLaCaedIm¦. KWCaTIRkúgénkarsb,ay EdleKykR)ak;RbmUl)anmkBIq¶ay mkcajvaybMpøajkñúgbnEl,gb¤bnRsI. mansMeBAhiNÐÚ EBkS m:aeL CVa esom eb:háan km<úCa cam cin mkBIRKb;TisTI ehIynaMykkitþinamTIRkúgsb,ayenHeTApSBV pSayRKb;TIkEnøgvij. Rsab;EtenARBwkmYy eBlRBHGaTitüeTIbEtrH mank):al;hVar:g;hÁI30mYy )an bgðajxøÜneLIg enaHKWCak):al;rbs;BYkB½rTuyehÁ EdleFVI[mankarPJak;ep¥IlCaxøaMg EtbnÞab;mk embBa¢a kark):al;enaH)anRtÚvnaykrdæm®nþITTYly:agGFikGFm. embBa¢akark):al;TTYlsÁal;fa TIRkúgenH FM s¥at ehIysm,Úrsb,ay. embBa¢akark):al;enaH)anraykarN_CUnelak]tþmnavIB½rTuyehÁ elak Gal;b‘uyEKk enAeBlRtlb;eTadl;ekaHháÚGavij. edayyl;TIRkúgm:aLakaenH CaRckbiT nigebIkTVar eTAkan;cugbUB’aRbeTs elak]tþmnavI)anbBa¢a[elak hÁúghSalev:eb:ruIr:a dwknaMnavacm,aMg7eRKÓgmk vaydeNþImykTIRkúgenH.b:uEnþelakebndahar:aRsImharaC)anrujRcankarQøanBanenaH[dkecj eTAvij eFVI[BYkB½rTuyehÁdwgfa eKminGacdeNþImyk TIRkúgenaH)aneT drabNamanelaknaykrdæ m®nþI.b:unµanqñaMeRkaymkBYkeKRtlb;mkvaym:aLakamþgeToteRkayBIelakebndahar:a)anRtÚvRBH raCabBa¢a[eKsmøab;CamYynwgkUnRbúsRBmTaMgkUnRbsaeQµaH TYnGalI pg enAeBlEdlRBHGgÁ )an cab;bgç¿ykbuRtIelak ebndahar:a KWPriyarbs;TYnGalI eFVICamehsI. edays¥b;RBHraCa mehsIenH )an[qµbrMlUtkUnecjral;eBlEdlmanépÞeBaH. eRkaymk edayyl;fa ra®sþElgKaMRTRBHGgÁ 168 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 30 BaküenHCakarehAmincMnUvBaküRhVg; Franc eBalKWsMedAykBYkGWr:ub BIeRBaHcab;taMgBImans®gÁamdeNþImykTIRkúg esruysaLim BIBYkmuls‘uym:g; nigmankarbegáItrdæ):aeLsÞIn enAqñaM1099mk BYkGñkcugbUB’aRbeTssÁal;BYkGWr:ub dUecñH.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 169 eTotehIy RTg;k¾)andak;raCsm,tþifVayRBHraCbuRtaeTA. RBHraCbuRtaenH fVIebIcUlcitþkarsb,aybnþicEmn EtRTg;Gg;GackøahanNas;. RTg;minbEg¥ bg¥g;eT KW)anbBa¢a[ekNÐT½B rYcRTg;cUlRbyuT§eRbóbdUcraCsIh_. karRbyuT§manry³eBl2éf¶ TIbBa©b; BYkB½rTuyehÁmaneRbóbCag31. s‘ultg;Gah_emd RtÚvrbYs )aneKcRBHkaymundMbUgeTAenA ):akU rYc)anyageLIgsÞwgeTAKg;enA):aNarIhÁg; rYceRkayBIRBHbitayageTAdl; )anyageTA):ahag EdlCanKrsamnþraCmYy. eTAdl;TIenaH esþcTaMg2)anEckpøÚvKña m:amUdbnþeFVIdMeNIreTAkan;ekaH b‘Íntag É s‘ultg;Gah_emd CamYynwgraCbriBar )anksagTIRkúgkUeBh_eLIg. edayRtÚvnamuWnsBVmux m®nþI EdlEhhmmineBjcitþnwg s‘ultg; eRBaHGakb,kiriyaemIlgayemIlefakrbs;RBHGgÁ RBHbita )an[eKeFVIXats‘ultg;ecal ehIyRTg;)annaMraCbriBarmYycMnYnbnþdMeNIreTAksagraCaNacRk hSÚh‘r. CamYyKñaenaH RTg;)aneFVIkarRbyuT§CamYyBYkB½rTuyehÁbnþeTot. mYyryqñaMeRkaymk KWBIhSÚh‘r nigrdæGaec enHÉg EdlBYkcammkBI\NÐÚcinbegáIteLIg eday mankgT½BecjmkvaybM)ak;GMNacrbs;BYkB½rTuyehÁenAm:aLaka deNþImGMNacRbKl;[BYkhuløg; vij. BYkB½rTuyehÁdeNþImykm:aLaka)anenAqñaM1511 dUecñHraCaNacRkenHmanGayu)an136qñaM. 8- \NaÐ ngi Gkñ kans; asnaGsIu aøm eyIg)aneXIjBIxagelIrYcmkehIyfa eRkayBIdeNþImyknKrEBkS)anehIy BYkGar:ab;)an EbgEckTwkdIenHCaeRcInkSRtRbeTsGuIsøamehIykSRtRbeTsnImYy²)anTamTarÉkraCüBIGFiraCenA )akdadmYymþg².eyIgk¾)aneXIjpgEdrfacab;taMgBIstvtSr_TI7mkBYkenH)ancUlmkdl;RbeTs \NÐaPaKxageCIg ehIy)antaMgTIlMenA enATIenaH eRkayBI)ankm©at;GaNacRksSúItecj. karlukluyrbs;BYkGar:ab;enHenAmanbnþCab;mkeTotenAkñúgstvtSr_TI8 TI9 nigTI10 Edl)an eFVI[rdæsuIn rlt;rlayGs;eTA ebIeTaHCafamin)anksagGVIk¾eday. kñúgcenøaHeBlb:unµanstvtSr_enH manEtkarbMpøicbMpøajmkelI\NÐaeFVI[cuHRkeTA²rIÉEBkSvijkan;Etm,Úrsb,ayeLIg².TIbBa©b;kar lukluyGs;kal8qñaMrbs;m:amUdxan; CaesþcénnKrhÁasNa BIqñaM992dl;qñaM1000 )anbnSl;Tuk 31 enAkñúgs®gÁamenH BYkB½rTuyehÁ )anTTYlkarKaMRTBInaysMeBAcin 5nak; EdlctsMeBAenAkñúgkMBg;Ep.
nUvGanusSavrIy_d¾lVIgCUrct;minGacrlubecjBIsnþancitþrbs;RbCaCn)aneLIy. bnÞab;BImanC½yCmñHmkelIRBHraCaénmharaCTaMgLay EdlCam©as;elIkSRtRbeTssamnþraC mYycMnYn kñúgenaHmankSRtRbeTsEdløI/ GaCEmr/ kaNUeC nigkalighÁúg rYcmkm:amUdk¾cab;taMgTIlMenA rwgmaMs‘b;EtmþgenAkñúgRbeTs rYcEbgEckRbeTsCas‘U)ab‘Í nigCaNa)ab‘Í ehIyRtÜtRtaBYkhiNÐÚy:ag twgruwg eFVI[BYkenHenAmankarcgcaMesssl;rhUtdl;sBVéf¶. m:amUd)anksagsnþtivgSmYyEdlmanGayucMnYn150qñaMrhUtdl;qñaM1152eTIbmanesþcnKr hÁr mYyGgÁ Edl)anRbkasxøÜnfa Cabcäajatirbs;esþcEBkShSÚr:asBIGtItkal mkdeNþImyk GMNac)an. esþchÁ½renHmanRBHnamfa kasuIn )antaMgRBHraCFanIenALah‘r. RBHraCaEdlesay raCübnþBIRBHGgÁ)anlukluycUleb:nhSab rYcbnÞab;BI)anQñHs®gÁamd¾FMmYyenAfaensar ehIybnþ lukluycUlEdløI/kaNUeCrYc)anbnþkarvayRbhareTAq¶ayhYsBIenaHeTAeTotEdlminEdlmankal BIkñúgrC¢kalsnþtivgSmun². enA\NÐaPaKxagt,ÚgrdæEdldeNþIm)anmankaNar:a/ b‘ÍsNahÁar/ raCaNacRkmUltg;. cMENkenAPaKkNþalvij manraCaNacRkebNaer:s. k¾b:uEnþenAqñaM1215 esþchÁ½r )anRtÚveKeFVIXat GaNacRkTaMgmUlk¾RtÚvEbkExJk rYcFøak;kñúgkNþab;éd]tþmesnIy_rbs; RBHecAGFiraCcugeRkaymansBa¢atiGahVhÁanIsßan b¤):atg; KUTUb Edl)anRbkasxøÜnCaRBHecAGFiraC enAraCFanIEdløI. KWenAeBlenaHehIyEdlmanelcBYktaktar-m:ugehÁal rbs; hSg;hSúIxan; ecjmk. BYkenH )anratt,atEBkS/ GuIr:g;/ hÁasNaEdlkalenaHeKehAfadar:ulm:asá 1222¦/ kg;dahar rYc)anmk e)aHT½BenABImuxraCFanIEdløI Rsab;EtmindwgCaedayehtuGVI k¾dkecjPøamBI\NÐaedaynaMykC½yPNÐ y:ageRcIneTACamYypg EbreTAlukluy m:UsáÚvI nigRbeTscinvij. GaRs½yedaycitþsavarbs;BYkm:ugehÁalEbbenH GaNacRk):atg; b¤GahVhÁanIsßan k¾)anrYcxøÜn BIkarbMpøicbMpøajeTA ehIyraCFanIEdløIk¾dUecñaHEdr. cMENkRbeTs\NÐaRBhµBaØniymvij edayRtÚvbraC½y RtÚvKabsgát; bnÞúcbg¥ak;kñúgCMenO sasna k¾cab;RbKl;xøÜn[BYkGñkQñHs®gÁambnþicmþg² ehIyKµanKMnitRbEmRbmUlKñaRbqaMgTb;Tl;nwg BYkGñkQøanBanvijeT. cab;BIeBlenaHmk eKsegáteXIjfanKrd¾FMenHRtÚvebIkcMhsRmab;GñkQøan BanbreTsCanic© ehIycaj;eKCanic©. eBlenaH BYkmUsø‘Ím kan;kab;\NÐaPaKxageCIg nKrEBkS eGhSúIb nigéb‘kat ehIynigedykat TaMgGs;enAGa®hVikxageCIg.RbeTseGs:,ajk¾RtÚvcMNuHBYkenHEdrelIkElgEtGar:ahÁúgkasÞIyxag 170 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 171 eCIg nigkataLÚjb:ueNÑaH. BYkmUsø‘Ímk¾)andeNþImykGasuImIn½rBIGaNacRkbUB’apgEdr ehIyraCFanI kugsþg;TINUbRtÚvFøak;xøÜnP½yj½ry:agxøaMg eBleXIjBYkenHbgðajxøÜnenAEk,r²enaH. s®gÁamrMedaH rbs;BYk®hVg;BIqñaM1095dl;qñaM1099nigkarbegáItrdæmYyenAeh‘SruysaLim/s®gÁamrMedaHrbs;Rkúm cRmúH®hVg; Gg;eKøs nigGaløWm:g; BIqñaM1145dl;1149 nigBIqñaM1189dl;1192/ s®gÁamrMedaH rbs;BYk®hVg; enAeh‘SruysaeLm CamYynwgBYkhugRKI BI1219dl;1221 ehIynigs®gÁamrMedaH2 elIkrbs;®hVg; BIqñaM1248 dl;1270 )anCYyBnüareBlmin[kugsþg;TINUbqab;Føak;cUlkñúgéd BYkmUsø‘Ím k¾b:uEnþ kardeNþImykGaNacRkbUB’aedayBYk®hVg; EdlelIkemrbs;BYkeKmñak;eFVICaGFiraC enAb‘ÍhSg;kñúgqñaM1209RBmCamYykarksagGaNacRkLataMgmYyenAbUB’aminEmnCakarBRgwgrdæmYy EdlmanTItaMgenAmuxeK nigmanGMNacxagsµartI sRmab;karBarGWr:ub nigRKisþsasna RbqaMgTb;Tl;nwg BYkmUsø‘Ím enaHeT. enAeBlEdlRBwtþikarN_FM²TaMgLayRbRBwtþeTAy:agdUecñHEdleFVI[BiPBelakmYycMENkFMFøak; cUlkñúgkNþab;édBYkGar:ab; KWBYkGñkkan;sasnaGuIsøam ehIytamry³RbeTs\NÐa )antP¢ab;BYkGar:ab; nigEBkSeTAnwgcugbUB’aRbeTs GMNacrbs;RBhµBaØsasnaenA\NÐa)ancab;fycuHCaxøaMg. enAtam TIRkúg BYkhiNÐÚmYycMnYnFMEdlP½yxøac )anERbcUlkan;sasnafµI. viharEdleK)anksag]TÞisfVay RBHsiv³ RBHvisÑú Rkwsñ³.l. )anRtÚveKvayrMlMecal ehIyBYkGñkQñH)anyksmÖarTaMgenaHeTA ksagviharmUesávij.cMENkBYkRBahµN_EdlenAbnþesµaHeKarBbUCaRBhµBaØsasnaEdlrgkareFVI)ab BIBYkGñkEdleCOelI {RBHGaTieTBEtmYy KµanGñkNaeRbóbpÞwm} k¾)anrt;eKcecjBI\NÐaPaKxageCIg eTArkTIkEnøgNaEdlsuxCag enAÉcugxagt,Úgrbs;]bTVIbvij. C½yCmñHrbs;BYk®hVg;eTAelIBYkGar:ab; )anl,IsuHsayeTABaseBjcugbUB’aRbeTs eFVI[buBV bursrbs;BYk®hVg;enH Edl)anbegáItrdæmYyenA):aeLsÞIn Ek,r²nwgTIkEnøgEdlCaedImkMeNItrbs; mham:at;mankitþinamEtmñak;ÉgtMNagGWr:ubTaMgmUlehIyEdlGñkcugbUB’aRbeTsehAfahVar:g;hÁI.eBl enaH enAelIBiPBelak eKsÁal;EtBYkGar:ab; nigBYk)araMg b:ueNÑaH. enAGasuIeKmin)andwgc,as;eTfa manRbCaCnxus²Kñay:agNaenAGWr:ubenaHeT eKdwgEtfamanBYkhVar:g;hÁImYyb:ueNÑaH EdlExµrehAfa )araMg faCaRbCaCnGg;Gackøahan deNþImeCaKC½y nigeFVI[BYkGar:ab;xøbxøac)an. k¾b:uEnþenAÉcugbUB’aRbeTsÉeNaHvijenAeBlEdlT½BEBkSdeNþImykRbeTs\NÐaPaKxageCIg [ERbcUlkan;sasnaGuIsøam nigbegáIt)anCamhaNacRkm:ugehÁal sµartIpSBVpSaysasnarbs;BYk enH)anRCabcUlmkdl;Rsukrbs;BYkm:aeL. enAedImstvtSr_TI13 manraCa2GgÁ EdleTIbEt)an
ksagrdæsam:aLg; )anERbcUlkan;sasnafµIenH. rhUtdl;cugstvtSr_TI13kSRtRbeTsm:aeLesÞIrEtTaMgGs;)ankan;sasnaGuIsøamehIyk¾man GñkeCOCaeRcInlannak;eTotEdrenAÉRsukcin. enAGasuIEb:kGaeKñy_ km<úCa nigcam:,ak¾e)aHbg;GaTieTB cas;ecalEdr. RBhµBaØsasna)anrlt;)at;Gs;eTAy:agqab;rh½s enAGaMgs‘uyLaMg ehIymaness sl;CMenOcas;EtenAtamRsukERsb:ueNÑaH. enARKb;TIkEnøgEdlGñkRsukkan;sasnafµIenH EtgEtmans®gÁamCanic© s®gÁamenHnaM[mankar dUrcUlkan;sasnaenHTaMghVÚg². sasnaenHCaTIeBjcitþrbs;Catisasn_EdlGg;GackøahanbMput BIeRBaHfaeK)aneFVI[davrbs;eKRbLak;eTAedayQamedIm,IRBHGaTieTB mü:ageTot BIeRBaHkardeNþIm yk\NÐaedayBYkGñkkan;sasnamham:at;)aneFVI[rBa¢ÜyGasuITaMgmUlnigBIeRBaHsasnafµIenHsamBaØ RsYl minBi)aknwgRbtibtþieTcMeBaHGñkEdlcUlfµI KWRKan;EtRtÚvTenÞj[caMfa {manGaTieTB EtmYyGgÁ KµannrNaRbdUc)an ehIymham:at;KWCaTUtrbs;RBHGgÁ}. edIm,IfVaybgÁ¿RBH eKRKan;EteFVIkareKarB edayEbrmuxeTATisxaglictRmg;eTArkTIRkúgLamic EdlmanpñÚrrbs;TUtRBHEtb:ueNÑaH. bNþaesþcTaMg Lay)ane)aHbg;RBHzan³BIRBHraCamkCas‘ultg;vij ebIBuMenaHeRbIBaküTaMg2P¢ab;KñaEtmþg. RTg;Qb; eRbIGkSrsM®sáwt EdleKsresrBIeqVgeTAsþaMeTotehIy ehIyEbrmkeRbIGkSrGar:ab; EdlsresrBI sþaMmkeqVgvijmþg. eKTTYlykKm<IrkUr:g;Cac,ab;sRmab;BUCGñkcm,aMg EdlecjeFVIs®gÁamrMedaHBiPaB elakTaMgmUlBIédBYkk,t; eBalKW BYkGñkEdlmineCOmham:at;. eTaHCay:agNakþI enAeBlEdlsasnaGuIsøamGacdeNþIm)anBYkm:aeLTaMgGs; sasnaenH minGacTTYleCaKC½ymkelIRbCaCnEdlmansBa¢atihiNÐÚb¤\NÐÚcin )aneT. km<úCa esom lav PUma )ane)aHbg;RBhµBaØsasnaecal b:uEnþ)anRtwmRtlb;mkkan;BuT§sasnavijEtb:ueNÑaH. GaNÑam tugkwg k¾minbeNþayxøÜn[lg;tam ehIyenArkSaTsSnviC¢arbs;kugh‘VúysWdEdl enAeKarBCIdUnCIta nigRbtibtþiBiFIBuT§sasnalayLMCamYysasnatav. eyIgnwg)aneXIjfamanesþcExµrmYyGgÁenAkñúgstvtSr_TI17 Edl)anRbkan;ykRBHnamfaCa GuIR)ahuIm ehIydUrcUlkan;sasnamham:at; ykBYkcam nigm:aeLCabriBar ehIysVHEsVgrkcgsm<½n§ emRtICamYyesþccamEdlemIlgayemIlefakRBHGgÁEtRtÚvsuKteTAedaymin)annaMRbCara®sþm®nþI nigraCvgS[GnuvtþtamRBHGgÁpgeT.esþcmYyGgÁenaHRbvtþisa®sþExµr)andak;RBHnam[faCa{esþc ecjsasna} b¤{esþccUlsasnaCVa}. 172 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 173 k,alTI2 RbeTskm<úCatamraCBgSavtarnigÉksarRbvtþisa®sþepSgeTot ____________ CMBUkTI1 RbeTskm<úCacab;BIqñaM1340 rhUtdl;karEbkbnÞaylEgVk 1- RBH)aTnBi anV bT ¬1340-1346¦ tacay EdlnamuWnsBVmuxm®nþI)aneRCIstaMg[esayraCüelIraCblø½gákm<úCa nigCaGñkksag snþtivgSmhakSRtExµrbc©úb,nñ )ansuKteTAenAkñúgqñaM1340. ebItamkarniTant²Kña tamerOgeRBg nigraCBgSavtar KWRBHraCbuRtc,grbs;RBHGgÁRBHnamfaRBH)aTsemþcRBHbrmniBVanbT1 CamYy RBHGKÁmehsIEdlRtÚvCaRBHraCbuRtIrbs;RBH)aTsIhnuraC EdlRTg;)anerobGaBah_BiBah_ edIm,I[ mancMNgTak;TgCab;CamYysnþtivgSmun )aneLIgesayraCübnþBIRBHGgÁ. raCBgSavtarniyayfaRBH)aTniBVanbTRTg;Kg;enAÉ\nÞbtþmhanKr2 KWGgÁrFMsBVéf¶ ehIyRTg; esayraCüsm,tþiedaysuxsnþiPaBCamYyRbeTsCitxagmanRsuklavesomnigGaNÑam.eyIgGac bEnßm)aneTotfa CamYynKrcam:,apgEdr. RBHGgÁesayraCü)an5qñaM ehIysuKtenAkñúgqñaM1346. 2- RBHsTi a§ nraCa ¬1346¦ RBHGnuCrbs;RBH)aTniBVanbT RBHnamsemþcRBHsiT§anraCa)anRtÚveKeRCIserIs[eLIgesay raCüsm,tþibnþBIRBHGgÁ3 edayTukRBHraCbuRt2GgÁedayELk k¾b:uEnþRBHGnuCenH)ancUlTivgÁt 6Ex eRkaymk edayminTan;TaMg)anTTYlkarGPieskpg. kareRCIserIsRBHraCaEbbenHRbEhlCa RbRBwtþeTAtamTmøab;EdlmanenAesssl;rhUtmkdl;sBVéf¶KWc,ab;sñgraCücas;buraNEdltRmÚv[ RBHGnuCesayraCübnþBIRBHerom c,ab;enHmanbBaðaCaeRcInenARsukesom nigRsukPUma. 1 tamemIleTARBHnamenH smEtCaRBHmrNnameTAvijeT. 2 mann½yfa RBHraCFanIrbs;RBH\®nÞ. 3 ÉksarmYyenaHniyayfaRTg;esayraCü)anEt4ExeT.
eyIgnwg)aneXIjxageRkamenHfaRBHPaKienyüeBalKWbuRtrbs;RBHeromeLIgesayraCübnþBI RBHbitula. edayehtuenH´snñidæanfa GVIEdleKcg;)anenaH KWRBHraCamYyGgÁeRCIserIsecjBI raCvgSCitbMputnwgRBHraCa EdlmanRBHCnµcas;smlµmkñúgkardwknaM nigKYr[eKeKarB)an. 3- RBHRslI BM gSraCa ¬1347-1351¦ Gt;BIRBHsiT§anraCaeTA esnasBVmuxm®nþI )aneRCIserIsRBHraCbuRtc,grbs;RBHniBVanbT GPiesk[eLIgesayraCübnþeRkamRBHnamfa RBH)aTsemþcRBHraC»gáarRBHlMBgSraCaFiraC nigEtg taMgRBHraCbuRtb¥ÚnRBHnamfa RBHsurieyaT½y [eFVICa]braC. RBHraCa nigRBH]braC)ancat;Ecg [eKerobcMBiFIbUCasBRBHvrraCbita nigRBHbitula rYcehIyerIsRBHGdæiFatudak;kñúgekadæmas tmál;Tuk kñúgRBHectiy. enAsm½yenaHRbeTsesomEdlFøab;EtcMNuHExµrBImun)anÉkraCehIy.ÉksarraCBgSavtar )anniyayfaBYkesomenH)anTTYlesrIPaBenAkñúgraCüRBH)aTbTumsurieyavgSEdl´KitfaKWRBH)aT suriyavrµ½nTI2 EdlesayraCükñúgqñaM1162 edayRTg;Cab;rvl;nwgRKb;RKgkSRtRbeTsCaeRcIn enA PaKxageCIg. enAeBlEdlRBHsurieyavgS b¤suriyavrµ½n suKteTA manbursmanGMNac nigBUEkqøatévmñak; eQµaHfa Bjaerag )aneLIgesayraCüenAsuexaT½y ehIy)anbRgÜbbRgÜmrdæesomTaMgGs; Edlsßit enAkñúgGagTenøemNam dak;mkkñúgGMNacrbs;xøÜn eFVI[suexaT½ykøayeTACaraCaNacRkd¾xøaMgmYy. m:üageTot esþclavenAeQogér4 eRkayBIRtÚvvay[braC½yedayesþcnKrCitxagmYyGgÁ k¾)annaMRbCanura®sþcuHmkrYmrs;CamYysuexaT½y5 ehIybRgÜbbRgÜmbcäajatirbs;BjaeragTaMgGs; mkkñúgGMNacrbs;xøÜnvijnig)anmktaMgraCFanIenAkMEpgeBRC6 d¾FMTUlay.bcäajatirbs;RBHGgÁ)an esayraCüsm,tþiedaysuxsanþ t²Kñadl;eTA4CMnan;. 174 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 4 esogér:KWesogéhsBVéf¶sßitenAelIExSry³TTwg19GgSa50kñúgGDÆeKalxageCIgnigExSry³beNþay97GgSa 10 xagekIt enAelIédmYyénTenøemKgÁ BIxageCIgrdæsan. 5 enAelImat;TenøemNamxagsþaM Rtg;ExSry³TTwg17GgSaxageCIg nigExSry³beNþay97GgSa30xagekIt. 6 sßitenAelImat;TenøemBIgxageeqVg cm¶ay40KILÚEm:RtBIxagBay½BüsuexaT½y.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 175 eRkayenaH manGñkRsukmñak;eQµaHfa esnabUm )aneLIgesayraCüenArdælavmYyCab;nwg suexaT½y eRkayBI)anerobGaBah_BiBah_CamYyRBHraCkSRtIrbs;nKrenaH. RTg;)anksagraCFanI RkúgeTB7 rYc)anykRBHzan³CaRBHecAesrIviC½yCagEsn8 ehIyesayraCü)an20qñaM. raCbuRtrbs;RBHGgÁRBHnamfa]TgEdlesayraCübnþBIRBHGgÁ )anksagraCFanIenANgesña ehIydak;eQµaH[fa RkúgeTBmhanKrbvrFiraCvtIRsIGyuFüa EdleRkaymk)anRtÜtRtaelInKrtUcFM cMnYn16. eRkayBI)anksagraCFanIfµIenHrYc RBH]TgxøÜnRBHGgÁk¾dUrRBHzan³eTACaRBHecAramaFibtI RBHecARkúgRsIGyuFüa9 vij. kartaMgraCFanIGyuFüaenAelIekaHNgesña kñúgGagTenøemNam )aneFVI[esommanraCFanI xitmkCitRBMRbTl;EdnExµrCaehtueFVI[Catisasn_TaMg2EdlmankmøaMgEtmanplRbeyaCn_epSg²Kña cab;mankarb:HTgÁicnwgKñaedayecosminrYc. karEdlesomksagraCFanIGyuFüa enAekokmkEk,rnwg raCFanI\nÞbtþy:agdUecñH CakarbBa¢ak;c,as;fa RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCaenAkñúgstvtSr_TI14 enaH)ancuH »nfyeTAehIy KµansRtÚvNaxøbxøaceToteT eRBaHfaeKminxøacrGanwgmkenAEk,renaHeLIy pÞúyeTA vij BYkesomenH)anR)akdxøÜnfa Gg;Gac nigkacsahav. 7 mann½yfaraCFanIrbs;eTvta tamemIleTARbEhlKWemOgeTBsBVéf¶ enAelImat;TenøemgYnxageqVg. 8 BaküExµrfaecA esom niglavfaqav cinfacUbU sanfasUbU GaNÑamfaCav b‘Írm:anfasabU mann½yfaesþc b¤GgÁm©as; eRkaymkeKeRbIsRmab;ehAm®nþIEdlminmanCab;sac;raCvgSpgEdr. KWecjBIBaküenHehIy²rYmpSMCamYyBakü Edlb‘Írm:g;faGY mann½yfak,al emb¤RbFan esomfahY ExµrfahVa EdlekIt)anCa BaküfaecAhV‘a KWnaykrdæm®nþI ecAhVayRsuk. BaküPUmafa cabY mann½yfa esþcbreTsEdlcMNuH. Bakü san fa cUbU b¤sUbU køayecjmkBIBakü edImenHEdr. BaküesomfahY b‘Írm:anfabY ExµrfahVa lavfav:a eRbIP¢ab;CamYyBaküEkv mann½yfamantémø )anCaBaküEkvh‘Va Cazan³mYyrbs;raCvgSbnÞab;BIzan³]braC. 9 ebItamkarerobrab;enHGyuFüaEdlCaraCFanIrbs;esomBIqñaM1350dl;1768minEmnksageLIgedayesþcmk BIsuexaT½yEdlCabcäajatirbs;RBHerageT KWksagedayesþcesogEsnmYyGgÁmanedImkMeNItCara®sþsamBaØ Edl )anesayraCüenAkSRtRbeTsmYyenAkñúgGagTenøemNamxagelI. kSRtRbeTsenaHmanraCFanIdMbUgenAkMEpgeBRC ksageLIgedayesþclavmYyGgÁEdlesþcnKrCitxag)anbgçM[dkfyeKcRBHGgÁmkxagt,Úg.´KitfavaKµanGVICaEbøk eT ebisinCaéf¶NamYyeKrkeXIjfa esþcEdlmanC½yCmñHenaHKWCaesþcéfmYyGgÁ mkBIRbeTsPUmaCamYynwgRbCa ra®sþéf.
s®gÁamEdlFøab;mantaMgBIeRcInstvtSr_Nas;mkehIyCamYyBYkmn Edlrs;enARtg;TwkdI esomsBVéf¶enHmunBYkesomeTAeTot )ancab;epþImeLIgsaCafµICamYykarksagraCFanIGyuFüa eday RBH]Tgrbs;éf nigRBHlMBgSraCarbs;Exµr. ebItamraCBgSavtarExµrEdl´mankñúgéd enAkñúgqñaM1352 esþcesom)anseRmcBRgIkTwkdI edaydeNþImykkm<úCaEdlRBegIykenþIyminRBmTTYlsÁal;GFiraCPaBrbs;xøÜn10. esþcesom)an erobcMT½BCa2kg kgTI1manBlerh_5Ban;nak;sßitenAeRkambBa¢arbs;RBHraCntþaRBHnamfa suIsav:at; kgTI2 manBl1muWnnak;sßitenAeRkambBa¢akarrbs;RBHraCbuRtramasYn rYcRTg;)anbBa¢a[eFVIdMeNIr TaMgéf¶TaMgyb;mkvayykRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa. eBlenaH GaCJaFrExµrenAtamCayEdnmin)anKitfaesomnwgcUlmklukluykm<úCaeT emø:aH ehIymin)aneRtómxøÜnnwgeFVIkarTb;Tl;eLIy k¾naMKñadkfyeKcecjCamYyRKÜsarBImuxT½Besom Et)an cat;GñknaMsar[naMdMNwgBIkarlukluyenHmkfVayRBHraCaEdlKg;enAÉraCFanI\nÞbtþburI. GñknaMsar )anmkdl;mhanKrehIy)ancUlKal;RBHraCaeBléf¶Rtg; RBHlMBgSraCa)anbBa¢a[RBHGnuC surieya T½yCaRBH]braCekNÐT½B2muWnnak;kñúgbNþaRbCara®sþkñúg nigCit²raCFanI ehIyecjerobcMtTl;nwg T½Besom. ecjRBHraCbBa¢arYc RTg;)anyageTAkan;salsvnakar CYbCuMnamuWnsBVmuxm®nþIrebobCa RkúmRbwkSas®gÁammYyrYc)anelIksMNYreLIgfa{RBHraCaNacRkrbs;eyIgmansuxsnþiPaBCayUrmk ehIy eyIgminEdlmanhVwkhat;kgT½BeT Rsab;Et\LÚvBYkesomelIkT½BmkvayeyIgy:agenH etIGs; elakyl;fadUcemþcEdr?}. RBH]braC)aneqøIytbeTAvijfa {T½BesomR)akdCamankarenOyht;edayRtÚveFVIdMeNIrTaMg yb;TaMgéf¶cab;BITl;Ednmk eRBaHcg;mkdl;qab;nwgGalvayeyIg TaMgeyIgmin)andwgxøÜn. BYkenH RbmafemIlgayExµr KitfaeyIgminecHeFVIcm,aMg ehIyeCOfaeyIgminecHkarBarxøÜneT. cMENkT½B rbs;eyIgfVIebIfaminFøab;)anhVwkhVWnEmnBitEtCaT½BfµIminTan;Gs;kmøaMgehIymanectnacg;RbyuT§}. manbnÞÚldUecñHehIy RTg;)ansuMkarGnuBaØatBIRBHraCaecjdMeNIr edIm,ITb;Tl;nwgT½Besom[)anq¶ay BIraCFanIbnþic Rtg;kEnøgEdlBYkenHkMBuge)aHT½B. 176 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 10 raCBgSavtaresomniyayfa esþcesom)anRbkass®gÁameLIg edaymkBIBYkxm KWExµr RBehInEbrxñgdak;min RBmeKarB.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 177 RBHraCa)anecjRBHraCbBa¢atamsMeNI RBH]braCEdlKg;elIdMrI )anyagecjdMeNIrTaMgyb; enaH. T½BExµrmanEckecjCaT½BesH T½BdMrI nigT½BefµIreCIg. T½Besommin)anKitfa Exµrecjvaymun dUecñHeTk¾RtÚvbraC½yehIyRBHGgÁm©as;suIsav:at;k¾RtÚveFVIKutenAelIkdMrIeTA.cMENkT½BExµredayrvl; Etsb,ayrIkraynwgC½yCmñH k¾min)anKitedjtamT½Brbs;RBHramasYn11EdrKW beNþayTuk[BYkenH vilRtlb;eTAvij)at;eTA. T½BExµrRtlb;cUlmkkan;\nÞbtþvijRbmUl)anC½yPNÐCaeRcIn mantaMgBI esHdMrI nigeQøIyswkpg. eRkayBITTYl)andMNwgGMBIbraC½y nigmrNPaBrbs;RBHraCntþasuIsav:at; esþcesom)anbBa¢a [ekNÐT½BCaeRcInbEnßmeTot edaydak;eRkambBa¢arbs;RBHGnuCéføRBHnamfabrmraCa nigEckT½BCabI kgsßitenAeRkambBa¢arbs;raCbuRtTaMg3 ¬b¤RBHGnuC k¾mindwg¦rbs;RBHramasYn KWecA)asaF/ ecA)aGat nigecAkMbg;BisI. T½BTaMgGs;enHecjdMeNIrBIGyuFüamkCYbCamYyT½Brbs;RBHramasYn rYcehIynaMKñae)aHCMrMenAcm¶ayBIRBMRbTl;EdnesomExµrRbEhledIr BIr-bIéf¶ edayefµIreCIg. eBlenaH RBHraCakm<úCa EdleQVgyl;fabraC½yelIkenHminGnuBaØat[esomvilRtlb;mkeFVI s®gÁamvijeTot)an k¾bBa¢a[rMsaykgT½Becj nigQb;eFVIkMENnepSg²teTAeTot TukEtT½BrkSaRBH GgÁb:ueNÑaH. dl;eBlesomelIkT½BcUlmkmþgeTot RTg;)anbBa¢a[ekNÐkgT½BeLIgvijEdr EtRBHraC bBa¢amun[rMsayeTIbEtpSBVpSayecjminTan;putpg emø:aHehIyk¾KµankmøaMgTb;Tl;nwgT½Besom d¾eRcIn elIslb; CagT½BEdlRBH]braC)anvay[braC½yeTAeTot. RTg;)anseRmc[Tb;Tl; EtkñúgbrievN RBHraCFanIsin TRmaMcat;kmøaMg[ecjekNÐTahanCafµI)an. GñkRsukEdlrs;enACayraCFanI\nÞbtþ )anrt;cUlmkRCkekankñúgraCFanI EdlmanerobcMkMEBgdak;kmøaMgkarBary:agrwgmaM. RBHraCaRTg;)anerobcMRbCuMRkúmRbwkSas®gÁamenAkñúgsalsvnakar ehIyRbkasR)ab;GgÁRbCuM fa T½BesomelIkmkelIkenHeRcInCagBIqñaMmun10dg ÉRBHraCaNacRkKµankmøaMgT½BeT. eRkayBI RBHGgÁ sNþab;RBHeyabl;rbs;RBHmha]braCsurieyaT½y nigeyabl;rbs;esnabtI m®nþI RTg;k¾cat; RBHPaKienyürbs;RBHGgÁ RBHRsIsurieyavgS CaraCbuRtrbs;RBHsuKn§bT nigRtÚvCaRBHraCntþarbs; RBHniBVanbT [yagecjekNÐkgT½BtambNþaExRt ykmkCYyraCFanI. bIéf¶eRkaymk T½Besomk¾mkbgðajxøÜnenABImuxraCFanI\nÞbtþburI ehIycab;epþImeFVIkarvay 11 mann½yfa{sßansYK’rbs;RBHrama}b¤{c,ardMNaMrbs;RBHrama}kñúgn½yfasßansYK’Edr.
Rbhar.RBHramasYnrayT½BBIxageCIgecA)asaFenABIxagekItecA)aGatenABIxagt,ÚgnigecAkMbg;BisI enABIxaglic. T½Besom)ansakl,gvayCaeRcInelIk Et\tRbeyaCn_ eRBaHkMEBgraCFanIrwgmaM manKUTwkFM nigeRCAB½T§CuMvij cMNucRtg;Namans<ansuT§EtmanTahankarBarmWugm:at; nigyamkam tamCBa¢aMgkMEBgTaMgéf¶TaMgyb;eTotpg. eBlenaHRBHecARkúgkm<úCa EdleBareBjeTAedayesckþIkøahan )andwknaMT½BpÞal;RBHGgÁ ecj vayT½Besom. karRbyuT§bgðÚrQam)anRbRBwtþeTAy:agsahav b:uEnþminmanT½BNamanC½yCmñHelIT½B NaeT RBHlMBgSraCak¾yagcUlmkkñúgraCFanIvijenAeBll¶ac. b:unµanéf¶eRkaymk RBHramasYn)ancat;[ksagR)agÁx<s;²CaeRcIn Rbhak;RbEhlnwgkm<s; kMEBgGgÁrFMEdr edIm,IgayRsYlkñúgkar)aj;kaMePøIg12 cUlkñúgraCFanI nigedIm,IecosvagkarxUcxat. T½BExµr nigesomc,aMgKñarebobenHGs;eBl4Ex cab;BIExFñÚ qñaM1352 rhUtdl;cugExmIna qñaM1353 EtKµannrNaQñHnrNaeT. eBlenaHRBHlMBgSraCa)anepJIraCsarmYyc,ab;[eTA]tþmesnIy_esomsYrfa {km<úCaCamhaNacRkmYyFM ÉesomRKan;EtnKrtUcmYycMNuHkm<úCab:ueNÑaH. esom)anÉkraCüeyIgk¾mincg;rMxaneRBaHmincg;mansRtÚv.etIehtuGVIk¾esombBa¢ÚnT½Bmkvaykm<úCa sUmR)ab;[eyIgdwgGMBImUlehtupg}. ]tþmesnIy_esomeqøIymkvijfa ebIkm<úCayl;RBmTTYlsÁal;GFiraCPaBrbs;esþcesomenaH eKnwgdkT½BfyeTAvijTaMgGs;. 178 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 12 kaMePøIg=kaM ¬RKab;¦+ePøIg. RtÚvdwgfaGñkcugbUB’aRbeTs)ansÁal; nigeRbIR)as;rMesvCaeRcInstvtSr_Nas;mk ehIy munBYkGWr:ubmankaMePøIgFMtaMgBIstvtSr_TI14 ehIyExµr)ansÁal;GavuFenHyUrehIy. enAkñúgqñaM1398 BYktaEmr Lg; )aneRbIkaMePøIgFMenAkñúgs®gÁamdeNþImTwkdIrbs;BYkhiNÐÚ ehIyenAGgÁrFMmankEnøgmYymaneQµaHfa {XøaMgRKab;kaM ePøIg}. elak v:UsuIyus )anGHGagfa cinmankaMePøIgFMeFVIGMBIsMrwT§ nigEdktaMgBIqñaM1055 ehIyecHeFVIRKab;EbktaMgBI qñaM1232 EdlGacsmøab;mnusSEdlsßitenAkñúg rgVg;10Em:Rt)an. QavtakVan; )anniyayfa enAkñúgqñaM1295 enAGgÁrFMmaneKecHeFVIkaMRCYc nigpav kaMRCYcxøHehaHx<s;Gac[eKemIl eXIj)anBIcm¶ay40KILÚEm:Rt kaMRCYcxøHeTotFM dUcduMfµehIypÞúHlan;rMBg eFVI[rBa¢ÜyTUTaMgraCFanI. GñkniBn§xøH)anniyayGMBIkareRbIR)as;kaMePøIgFMedaysUlIm:an kñúgkarvayykTIRkúgEblRkadenAqñaM1073 nig edIm,IkarBarTIRkúgesvIlenAqñaM1247. ehIyvaR)akdNas;fa emrbs;BYkm½reQµaHfa GuIsµaEGl )anvayykTIRkúg ebhSa rbs;eGs:,aj enAkñúgqñaM1325 edaysareRbIkaMePøIgEdr.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 179 RBHraCaExµr)aneqøIytbeTAvijfa RTg;suxcitþsøab;CaCagcuHcUl EdlnwgeFVI[eyIg)at;bg;Gs; nUvkitþinam xµasRbCanura®sþ. RTg;k¾yagecjRtÜtBlpÞal;RBHGgÁ ehIyRbkasfa nwgTb;Tl;rhUtdl; TIbBa©b;. cMENkÉT½Besomvij k¾)anbegáInkarRbharRBmTaMg)anxitxMBRgwgkarkarBarpgEdr. rdUvvsSamkdl; emT½Besom)anepJIsareTAfVayesþceK TUlfaebIcg;deNþImykkm<úCa RtÚvcab; vays®gÁúbxøaMg\LÚvenH [)anmuneBlEdlT½BCMnYyBIExRtmkdl;. esþcesomÉkPaBnwgsMeNIenH k¾ekNÐT½BbEnßmehIy elIkmkpÞal;RBHGgÁ rhUtdl;eCIgkMEBg\nÞbtþburIEtmþg enAcugrdUvvsSa. eBlenaHRBHGgÁm©as;RsIsurieyavgS13 EdlecjekNÐT½BGs;eBl8ExehIy )annaMT½BcUlmk dl;kMEBgraCFanI. edaymin)anrg;caM[T½BmkCYbCuMmUlKña RTg;)andwknaMT½BmYykgcUleTACitT½Besom eBkedaymindwgxøÜnk¾RtÚvT½BesomvaymkelIkñúgeBlEdldkfypgeFVI[RBHGgÁbraC½yT½BTaMgLay k¾EbkExJkKñaGs;eTA. RBHRsIsurieyavgSxøÜnRBHGgÁ)aneKceTAKg;enARsuklav kñúgRkúgsuIsuTÞnaka Nah‘ut14 ¬KWhøÜgR)a)agb¤evogc½nÞ?¦sBVéf¶RbEhledIm,IbMpusbMpulGnþraKmn_BIxag|sanmkvij. enAeBlEdlRBHRsIsurieyavgSyageTAdl;RbeTslav T½BÉeTot²EdlRBHGgÁekNÐ)an )an eFVIdMeNIrmkdl;raCFanI ehIyTTYldMNwgGMBIbraC½y nigkar)at;xøÜnrbs;RBHGgÁ eFVI[BYkeKGs;sgÇwm CaxøaMg. eqøót»kasenaHBYkesomk¾ebIkkarRbyuT§mkelI eFVI[T½BEbkExJk rt;eTARsukvijGs;eTA. eXIjT½BExµrEbkExJkdUecñH esþcesom)anbBa¢a[ebIkkarRbyuT§eTAelIraCFanI b:uEnþRtÚv)at;bg; T½BCaeRcIn nigRtÚvrujRcanfyeTAvij. esomenAbnþh‘umB½T§raCFanIRbEhlCamYyqñaMeTot b:uEnþenAEt deNþImmin)an RKan;EtRbmUl)annUvC½yPNÐepSg²tamExRtCitxagraCFanIb:ueNÑaH. eBlenaH RBHRsIlMBgSraCaFiraCk¾Føak;RBHGgÁRbQYn rhUtdl;suKteTAkñúgqñaM1353. dUecñHRBHGgÁRTg;esayraCsm,tþi)anbYnqñaM kñúgenaHRTg;cMNayeBlmYyqñaMedIm,IeFVIs®gÁam. 4- RBH]braCRssI ru ei yaTy½ ¬1353¦ RBH]braCRsIsurieyaT½y CaRBHGnuCrbs;RBHraCa RTg;)anerobcMTukdak;sBRBHeromenAkñúg mhaR)asaTrg;caM»kaseFVIBiFIbUCarYccab;cat;Ecgkic©karRBHnKredayseRmcbnþeFVIs®gÁamteTAeTot 13 ÉksarxøHeTotniyayfa KWRBHsurieyaT½yeT EdlekNÐT½BenH eRkaymkRTg;)anRtÚvelIk[esayraCüsm,tþi. 14 CYnkaleKRbTHeXIjfaeKehAfa suIstþNakah‘ut/ suIstþNahÁah‘ut nigsuIstþNa]tþlam:acrat;satanI pgEdr. eQµaHCaPasasM®sáwtKW RsIsuT§mµn KirI suT§mµ³enHKWCasalkat;kþIrbs;RBH\®nÞ.
EdlÉksarraCBgSavtarniyayfaKWCamhnþraymYycMeBaHRBHraCaNacRk. raCBgSavtarerobrab; fa {eKB¤sUrEtsMeLgERskyMrbs;RbCara®sþ ]tþmesnIy_ nigemT½Bsøab;bnþbnÞab;Kña sUm,IEtbkSa bkSI k¾ERskyMRseNaHraCFanIEdlxµaMgsRtÚveLamB½T§CitCuMEdr}. eXIjExµrFøak;kñúgkþIGs;sgÇwmdUecñH esþcesom)andak;bBa¢a[cab;eFVIkarvayRbharmþgeTot {nrNaeKcxøÜndkfyeRkaynwgRtÚvTTYleTasRbharCIvit nrNakøahaneRCótcUlkñúgraCFanI)annwg TTYl)anrgVan;}. karRbyuT§k¾cab;epþImeLIgy:agsahaveXareXA. T½BesomebIkkarvayRbhary:agGg;Gac køahan b:uEnþRtÚvT½BExµrrujRcanTmøak;cUlkñúgKUTwkvijGs;. cugbBa©b; TVarTisxagekIt15mYy )anRtÚv sRtÚvvayebIk)an.karRbyuT§bnþRbRBwtþeTAy:agbþÚrpþac;enAelIdgpøÚvénraCFanIehIyRBH]braCEdl dwknaMkarts‘UsVitsVajenAmuxkgT½Bk¾RtÚvsRtÚvRbhar)an. mrNPaBrbs;RBH]braCrwtEteFVI[kgT½BGs;sgÇwm TaMgGñkEdlFøab;Etkøahank¾eKcxøÜnGs;. manEtBYk)arKURBahµN_eTEdlCaGñkEfrkSaektnPNÐraCaniymkm<úCataMgBIburaNkalmkedayyl; faminRtÚvbeNþay[ektnPNÐTaMgenaHFøak;eTAkñúgédsRtÚveTk¾RbEmRbmUlKñaCaeRcInBan;nak;enACuMvij RBHbrmraCa/RBHFmµesakraCnigRBahµN_buerahitEdlrkSaRBHx½nraCü/lMEBgraCFñÚnigektnPNÐÉ eTot² )annaMKñaeKcecjBIraCFanICamYyesnasBVmuxm®nþImYycMnYn nigRbCara®sþRBmTaMgRKÜsarpg. BYkeKvaysRmúkeTAelIT½BesomEdlh‘umB½T§CuMCity:agGg;Gackøahan ebIkpøÚvecj RtÚvsøab; )at;bg; kmøaMgGs;CaeRcIn EtGacrMedaHektnPNÐTaMgGs;EdlCanimitþsBaØaCatikm<úCa)an. enHKWCakarRbyuT§ cugeRkay nigCaC½yCmñHeRkaybg¥s;EdlExµrmanelIT½Besomnasm½yenaH. 5- cenøaHrC¢kalénesþcesom3RBHGgÁ ¬1353-1357¦ raCFanI)anFøak;eTAkñúgédsRtÚvehIyesþcesomyagecjcUlcuHeLIgrebobCaGñkQñHesI¶csr esIrraCvaMgEdlsg;eLIgGMBIfµ RbkbeTAedayrUbcmøak;k,ac;k,Úrrcna bnÞb;mYy²l¥\tex©aH. RTg;yl; 180 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 15 raCFanImanKUTwkFM nigeRCAB½T§CuMvij BIeRkamCBa¢aMgkm<s;Cag10Em:Rt. manRckecjcUlCapøÚvlMcak;dI manbgáan;éd CarUbykSRTnaKraCmYy.eKkarBarRckecjcUlenHedaydak;T½BenAelIR)agÁx<s;enABIelIpøÚvnigenAelICBa¢aMgBIxageqVg nigxagsþaM. k¾b:uEnþeKmin)andwgGMBIkareFVIs<anelIkdak;)anenaHeT emø:aHehIy sRtÚvGaccUlmkdl;TVar ehIybukTmøúH cUlmkkñúg)an.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 181 eXIjfa mhanKrl¥mincaj;sßansYK’33Can;rbs;RBH\®nÞb:unµaneT. enAeBlEdlRTg;yagcUleTAkñúg RBHbrmraCvaMg RbTHeXIjsBRBHlMBgSraCa k¾ekItkþIsegVKCaxøaMg eTIbRTg;ecjbBa¢a[erobcMBiFIbUCa fVay[skþismnwgTMenomTmøab;buraN. eRkayBiFIbUCasBenH esþcesom)anelIkRBHraCbuRteBARBHnamecA)asaF[esayraCüelI raCblø½gákm<úCa ehIybBa¢a[RBHerom2GgÁeTot KWecA)aGat nigecAkMbg;BisI enACYykic©karRBHGnuC CamYynwgkgT½BcMnYn1muWnnak; edIm,IkarBarraCFanI16 . bnÞab;mk eRkayBIRTg;)anEtgtaMgecAhVayExRtesom[RKb;RKgExRtbs©im nignKrraCsIma ehIyEckrgVan;elIkTwkcitþdl;BYkGñkGg;GackøahanrYcmk RTg;)anecjbBa¢a[naMRbCara®sþ Edlrs; enAkñúgraCFanITaMgGs; ykeTARsukesom elIkElgEtra®sþRbmaNCa1muWnnak;17b:ueNÑaH edayyk TaMgRTBüsm,tþikñúgraCvaMg CamasR)ak; Carbs;mantémøepSg²dUcCakenÞlmas kenÞlR)ak; esH dMrI raCrf CaedImeTACamYypg. ecA)asaFRTg;)anEtgtaMgecAhVayExRtesom nigExµr[erobcMkardwknaMExRteLIgvij ehIy[ eTAb®gáabExRtEdlminTan;TTYlyl;RBmcMNuH. ecAhVayExRtTaMgGs;enaHGacerobcM)anEtbNþa ExRtCit²raCFanIb:ueNÑaH ÉExRtq¶ay²enAxagekIt xageCIg nigxagt,ÚgminRBmcMNuHeT. ecAhVay ExRtTaMgenaHRbkasxøÜnÉkraC ehIycab;epþImRbRBwtþGMeBIecarkmµ nigcm,aMgrvagKñanwgKña eFVI[RbCaCn Føak;kñúgTurPikSy:agF¶n;F¶r. eBlenaH RBHRsIsurieyavgS yagRtlb;BIRsuklavmkvijCamYyT½BmYy kg nigeQøIyswkRbmaN9muWnnak; EdlRTg;deNþIm)anBIesom eBlkMBugekorBI\nÞbtþeTAkan;nKr raC. RTg;)anRbmUlbNþaExRtEdlmincMNuHesommkkñúgGMNacrbs;RBHGgÁvijeday qab;rh½s. RBHecA)asaFesayTivgÁtenAkñúgqñaM1355 RtÚvnwgmhaskraC1277 culøskraC717 eRkayBIRTg;esayraCü)an3qñaM. RBHeromrbs;RBHGgÁ ecA)aGat EdleLIgesayraCübnþ)an3Ex k¾suKteTAeTot edayCMgW 16 eyIg)aneXIjBIxagelIfaraCBgSavtar)anniyayfa RBHGgÁm©as;TaMg3RBHGgÁRtÚvCaecArbs;RBHramasYn minEmn CabuRteT. Et´KitfaRbEhlCamankarP½nþRcLMenATMB½rmun EdlRtÚvniyayfa {T½BTaMg3kg)anRtÚvRbKl;[bgb¥ÚnTaMg 3rbs;RBHramasYn} minEmn[ecArbs;RBHGgÁeT. 17 tamraCBgSavtar cMnYnRbCaCneBlenaHmanRbEhlCa10muWnnak; b:ueNÑaH.
GasnñeraK. eBlenaH RBHRsIsurieyavgS )andeNþImykbNþaExRtEdlcuHcUlCamYyesom)an mkvijehIy. ecAkMbg;BisI CaraCbuRtc,grbs;esþcesom )aneLIgesayraCübnþBIRBHGnuC enAkñúgqñaM 135718 . mYyExeRkaymk RBHRsIsurieyavgS)anelIkT½BmkvaydeNþImykraCFanI)anvij ehIyraC BgSavtarniyayfa T½Besom9PaK10)anRtÚveKkab;smøab;. ecAkMbg;BisIRTg;)an)at;xøÜnkñúgeBl enaHeTA ehIyKµannrNadwgfa RTg;køayeTACay:agNaenaHeT. cab;BIeBlenaHmk RBHraCaNacRk)anRtÚvrMedaH ehIyksageLIgvij EtExRtbs©im19 nignKr raCsIma enACarbs;esomenAeLIy. 6- RBHRssI ru ei yavgS ¬1357-1366¦ RBHRsIsurieyavgS eRkayBIc,aMgdeNþImykbNþaExRtEdlÉkraCminRBmcMNuHesom nig vayesom[braC½yrYcmk k¾RtÚv)aneKelIk[esayraCsm,tþieRkamRBHGPiesknamfa RBH)aT semþcRBHraC»gáarRBHRsIsurieyavgSraCaFiraC20. RTg;)ancat;EcgEckrgVan;dl;nayTahaneTAtam kic©karEdl)anbMeBj rYc)anEtgtaMgnamuWnsBVmuxm®nþI[kan;kic©karRBHnKr. 182 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 18 raCbuRtc,grbs;esþcesomKWRBH]Tgrama b¤ramasYn EdleyIg)aneXIjdwknaMT½BesommkvayExµr ehIy)aneLIg esayraCübnþBIRBHbitaenAkñúgqñaM1369. tamemIleTARBHecA)asaF EdlRBH]Tg elIk[esayraCüenAkm<úCaCa buRtRBHraCaTI4/ ecA)aGatCaraCbuRtTI3 ehIyecAkMbg;BisICaraCbuRtTI2. 19 ExRtbs©imsBVéf¶KWR)aCImsßitenAelIpøÚvBIGgÁrFMeTAGyuFüaRtg;ExSry³TTwg14GgSaxageCIgnigExSry³beNþay 99GgSaxagekIt. 20 RTg;CaraCbuRtrbs;RBH)aTRsIsurieyaT½yCamYyRBHraCGKÁmehsI eBleLIgesayraCü RTg;manRBHCnµ43 RBHvsSaehIy. GtßbTxagedImniyayfa RTg;CaraCbuRtrbs;RBHsuKn§bT nigRtÚvCaecArbs;RBHniBVanbT/ ebIsin CadUecñaHEmn RTg;RtÚvCaecAkµÜyrbs;RBHRsIsurieyaT½y BIeRBaHfa RBHsuKn§bT CabuRtrbs;RBHniBVanbT ehIyRBH surieyaT½y CabuRtrbs;RBHsiT§anbT. b:uEnþebIsinCaRBHRsIsurieyavgSmanRBHCnµ 43RBHvsSaenAeBleLIgesay raCsm,tþi eKBi)aknwgTTYlsÁal;faRTg;RtÚvCabuRtmha]braCRsIsurieyaT½yNas; eRBaHRTg;RtÚvCaRBHGnuCrbs; RBHsiT§anEdlsuKtenAqñaM1346 ehIyxøÜnRBHGgÁÉg suKtenAkñgqñaM352. EterOgenHGacfaBit)an ebIsinNaCa TTYlsÁal;fa RBHsiT§an nigRBHlMBgSraCa eLIgesayraCümanv½ycMNas;²eTAehIy.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 183 manraCBgSavtarmYyenaHniyayfa kñúgrC¢kalrbs;RBHraCaGgÁenH RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa man RBMRbTl;xagekItdl;dugNay RtÚvnwgExRt)araCsBVéf¶ KWCab;nwgnKrcam:,a ehIyRBMRbTl;xaglic latsn§wgeTAdl;nageragGgÁrraC enAGaeKñy_ExRtkUr:at;sBVéf¶ xagt,ÚgTl;nwgQUgsmuRTesom xageCIgeTATl;nwgsñamxSac;eKakxan; eBalKW valxSac;eKakxan;. RBHraCvgSanuvgS)anRtÚvRbEmRbmUleLIgvij BYkRBahµN_buerahitk¾)annaMykektnPNÐmk vijEdrRBHRsIsurieyavgS)anEtgtaMgkµÜyRBHGgÁbuRtrbs;RBHRsIsurieyaT½yEdlsuKtkñúgs®gÁam CamYyesom Ca]braC. bnÞab;mkRTg;)anbBa¢ÚnT½BmYykg[eTAkan;kab;ExRtnageragenABIxag|sannKrraCsImaykTI enaHCaRBMRbTl;EdnRBHnKrxageCIg ÉExRt2eTotEdlesþcesom]Tg21 b¤RBHecAramaFibtIdeNþIm )an enAEtCarbs;esomdEdl. naeBlenaHBYkesommanCMenOelIxøÜnÉgxøaMgNas;ehIyemIlTabemIlefakExµrEdlxøÜn)anvay [braC½y eFVI[ExµrRTaMRTkarRBehInenHedaylM)ak. edayehtuenaHehIy)anCaenAeBlEdlBYk esomcUlcab;ExµrRbmaNCa100nak; enAkñúgExRtCayEdnCab;nwgmat;smuRTnaMykeTARsukesom ecAhVayExRtenaH )ansgswkedaycUlcab;BYkesomehIynaMykmkdak;enAcugExRtxagt,Úgvij. ecAhVayExRtesomxwg )anekNÐT½B2Ban;nak;eFVIdMeNIrmkkan;Tl;Edn. eBlTTYl)andMNwgenH RBH raCaExµr)anecjbBa¢a[ekNÐT½B5muWnnak;BIkñúgExRtRTaMg/)asak;/RBHRtBaMg/GUrm:Ul/RkmYns/TwkexµA/ Bam/ kMBt nigkMBg;esam22 ecjeTATb;Tl;. emT½BFMKWesþcRtaj;EdlCaecAhVayExRtRTaMg ÉemT½B RsYc KWecAhVayExRt)asak;. T½BesomRtÚvbraC½ytaMgEtBIeBlCYbRbyuT§CamYyT½BExµrmundMbUg ehIyenAkñúgkaredjtam Exµr )andeNþImykvalFM nigExRtry:g/ cnÞtab‘un/ mgÁlburI23 ehIy)annaMykeQøIy8Ban;RKÜsarmkkan; 21 raCBgSavtaresomEcgfaesþcenHminEmnCab¥Únéførbs;RBH]TgeTEtKWCabuRtaTI2. 22 )asak;sBVéf¶KWLúgesog/ GUrm:UlCacMENkmYyénRsuksukRtaMg/ RkmYnsCacMENkmYyénRsukLúgesog/ TwkexµACa cMENkmYyénRsukr:aCy:a/ ÉBam kMBt nigkMBg;esamsßitenAmat;QUgsmuRTesom. 23 ExRtTaMg3enH sßitenAelITwkdIEdllatsn§wgBImat;QUgsmuRT)agkkrhUtmkdl;ExRt)at;dMbg nigBIPñMdgErk rhUtdl;QUgsmuRTesom. tamemIleTA ExRtTaMg3enHeBlenaHElgCaTwkdIkm<úCaeTotehIy RbEhlCa)anpþac;cUl eTAesomkñúgsm½ys®gÁammun nigenAeBlEdlesþcesomesayraCüenA\nÞbtþ.
km<úCavij. eRkayC½yCmñHenH RBHraCa)anEckrgVan;dl;GñkEdlmansñaéd ehIy)anecjbBa¢a[ecAhVay ExRtTaMgtUcTaMgFMRbjab;Rbjal;ekNÐT½B hVwkhat;[)ansÞat;CMnaj nigeRtómxøÜnCanic© eday)armÖ xøacesomRtlb;mkvayRbhareTot. eBlenaHRtÚvcMeBlEdlesþcesomvilRtlb;mkBIeQogém:vij edaynaMyklavCaeRcIn RKÜsarmkCamYypgdl;TTYldMNwgGMBIC½yCmñHrbs;T½BExµrmkelIT½BesomRTg;k¾cat;[BjaBiC½ydar:ug dwknaMT½BnaMmuxecjlukluykm<úCaÉRBHGgÁnaMT½BFMmktameRkay.esomdeNþImykExRtTaMg4enATis nirtI EdlExµreTIbyk)anmkvijy:agqab;rh½s rYcbnþeFVIdMeNIrcUlmkkñúgkm<úCaeTot EtRtÚvT½BExµr eRkamkardwknaMrbs;RBH]braC)anvaykat;Rtwms<anEjk. karRbyuT§cab;epþImeLIgCadMbUg rvagT½B RBH]braC CamYyT½BBjaBiC½ydar:ug RbyuT§Gs;eBlCaeRcInéf¶edayKµancaj;QñH Rsab;EtT½Besþc esommkdl;RTg;bBa¢a[eLamB½T§T½BExµr. edayeXIjT½Besomraycak;mkcMehogdUecñH ehIyeday xøacRtÚveKB½T§Cab;pgemT½BExµrk¾bBa¢a[dkfyqøgs<anRbjibRbjab;rYccuHsMeBAecjeTA.T½BeCIgTwk EdlmansMeBACaeRcInkMBugctcaMkñúgsÞwgk¾minGaceFVIGVI)an eRkAEtBIEhhmkarBarsMeBA]braCecjeTA b:ueNÑaH. écdnüGVIRsab;EtrMesvpÞúHeLIg eFVI[rbYsRBH]braC nigesnakarBarCaeRcInnak;24. eqøót »kasEdlT½BExµrkMBugEtRcbUkRcbl;y:agenH sMeBAesomk¾cUlmkdeNþImyksMeBA]braCeFVI[RTg; suKteTA3éf¶eRkaymk. eBlTTYl)andMNwgsþIBIbraC½yenH RBHRsIsurieyavgS )andwknaMT½BpÞal;RBHGgÁEtmþg ecjmk rkT½Besom EdlTn;édbnþicehIy minh‘anRbQmmuxnwgRBHraCaeT k¾vaydkfyeTArkkEnøgsRmak. T½BExµr)antamedjRbkitBIeRkay min[T½BesomsRmak)an eFVI[esomrt;EbkExJkKñacUleTARsuk esomvijeTA sl;xøHRtÚvcab;xøÜn)anCaeQøIyCamYyGavuFyuT§PNÐCaeRcIn. bnÞab;BIenaHmk RbeTskm<úCasÁal;suxsnþiPaB)anb:unµanqñaMEdr. RbCara®sþrs;enAsuxsb,ay RBHraCaNacRkk¾mansuvtßiPaBl¥. RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCaeBlenaHmanRBMRbTl;xaglicTl;nwgExRtbs©imxagBay½BüTl;nwgeQog r:ug nignKrraCsIma xageCIgTl;nwgsñamxSac; xag|sanTl;nwgeKakxan; xagGaeKñy_Tl;nwg )araC 184 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 24 eyIgeXIjfamanniyayGMBIrMesvmþgeTotehIy elIkenHRbEhlCaenArvagqñaM1360.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 185 dugNay xagt,ÚgTl;nwgsmuRT. RBHRsIsurieyavgS )ansuKtedayeraKaBaFenAkñúgqñaM1366eRkayBIesayraCü)an10qñaM. 7- RBHbrmrama ¬1366-1373¦ Gs;BIRBHRsIsurieyavgSeTA raCvgSanuvgS nignamuWnsBVmuxm®nþI)aneRCIstaMgRBHraCbuRtrbs; RBHlMBgSraCaRBHnambrmrama EdlRtÚvCakµÜyrbs;RBHraCa [eLIgesayraCübnþ. GVIEdleK)andwgGMBIRBHraCaGgÁenH KWTI1RTg;)anerobcMbUCasBRBHbitula nigTI2RTg;suKt edayeraKaBaFeRkayBIesayraCü)an7qñaM. cMENkesþcesomvij )ansuKteTAenAkñúgqñaM1369 ehIyraCsm,tþiRtÚvFøak;eTAelIRBHraC buRtc,g RBHramasYn EdlesayraCümindl;mYyqñaMpg k¾RtÚvRBHbitulaéfø RBHbrmraCa EdlCasVamI rbs;RBHGnuCkSRtIRBHraCa ehIyEdleyIgeXIjdwknaMT½Bmkvaykm<úCaBImun Tmøak;BIraCsm,tþieTA. RBHraCaesomfµIenHesayraCü)an8qñaM ehIy)aneFVIs®gÁameTAxageCIgRBHnKr deNþImyk raCaNacRktUc²enAxageCIgGyuFüa EdlrkSa)annUvÉkraCürhUtmkdl;eBlenaHmYymþg² man emOgNaxnpagxa nigemOgesgsav enAkñúgqñaM1372/ emOgPisÑúelak kñúgqñaM1373/ emOgCakag r:ay kñúgqñaM1378 eRkayBIcm,aMgdeNþImykbraC½y2elIk KWkñúgqñaM1373mþg nig1377mþg/ emOg TaMgGs;kñúgRsuklaveBaHexµA ¬ehAdUecñHedayBYkenHlabBN’eBaH¦. esombraC½ykñúgkar deNþImykeQogém: 2dg b:uEnþbraC½yenHmin)aneFVI[eK)at;bg;kitþis½BÞCaGñkcm,aMgBUEksVitsVaj nigbuinRbsb;enaHeT BIeRBaHfaraCFanIenaHmankMEBgkarBary:agrwgmaMminGac[sRtÚvvaycUl)an ehIynigmaneTvtaCYyEfkarBareTotpg25 . 8- RBHFmeµ sak³ ¬1373-1394¦ RBHGnuCrbs;RBHbrmrama KWRBHGgÁm©as;Fmµesak³ )aneLIgesayraCübnþBIRBHeromeRkam RBHGPiesknamfaRBH)aTsemþcesþcRBHraC»gáarRBHFmµesak³raCaFiraC. 25 Tal;Etdl;qñaM1384eTIbeQogém:Føak;cUlkñúgGMNacrbs;esom ehIyrhUtTal;Etdl;qñaM1430eTIbesomerobcM raCFanI)anl¥ eRkayBI)anCemøósRbCaCnecjGs;2muWnRKÜsar.
RBHraCaGgÁenHesayraCü)an9qñaM enAeBlEdlesþcesomRBHbrmraCasuKteTA ehIyRBHraC buRtRBHnamfa fgLaM esayraCübnþ)an7éf¶ bnÞab;mkRtÚveFVIKutedayRBHramasYn CaraCbuRtrbs; RBH]TgEdlRtÚvRBHbrmraCadkecjBIraCsm,tþienAkñúgqñaM1369bBa¢Ún[mkKg;enAExRtlBVburIvij CakEnøgEdlRTg;CaecAhVayExRtBImun. RBHramasYnesayraCü)an6qñaMk¾suKteTA ehIyRBHraCbuRt RBHnam RBHecArama raCBgSavtarExµrehAfa ecAsMPüacan; )anLIgesayraCübnþeRkamRBHnamfa RBHecAbrmraCa kñúgqñaM1388. RBHraCaesomenHmanRBHT½yelaPln;cg;vatTwkdINas; k¾cat;[ekNÐT½BCaeRcIndak;[RBH raCbuRtRBHnamfaRBH\®nÞaraCakan; rYc)anbBa¢a[ecjmkvaydeNþImykRBHraCaNacRkexmra b¤Exµr26 . tbeTAnwgmhicätarbs;esomenH RBHraCakm<úCa)anerobcMT½BCa4kg dak;eRkambBa¢arbs; BjaEkv/ BjatI/ ecABjay:at ¬ecABjaenHCab;sac;raCvgS¦ nigecAhV‘aTlð³27 Canaykrdæm®nþI [ ecjTb;Tl;nwgT½Besom. raCBgSavtarExµr)anelIksresIrCaeRcInGMBIemT½BTaMg4 k¾b:uEnþmin)anerob rab;pgeTfaetIkgT½BnImYy²)aneFVIGVIxøH.GVIEdlBitR)akdenaHKWfaT½Besom)ancUlmkdl;eCIgCBa¢aMg raCFanI\nÞbtþedIrrukerIraCFanIcab;cak;dIbMeBjKUTwkehIyebIkkarvayRbhardMbUg²sahaveXareXA xøaMgNas;. esomebIkkarvayRbhar3pÞÜn²KñakñúgeBlEtmYyy:agxøaMgkøa EtkarTb;Tl;BIxagT½BExµr k¾Gg;GackøahanNas;Edr. T½BesomRtÚvrgrbYsy:agdMNMedayduMfµ EdlRbCaCnKb;ecjBIelICBa¢aMg fµmk. T½BesomB½T§raCFanIGs;eBl7Ex EteFVIGVImin)an. enAeBlenaH esþcesomeFVIklCaecaT Tahan6nak;fa )anRbRBwtþxus [eKdak;TNÐkmµedayvaynwgrMBat;epþA mñak;50rMBat;enAmuxT½BExµr. yb;eLIg eKeXIjesomTaMg6nak;enaH EdlmanKUssBaØaeCIgEk¥kelI f¶as mkbgðajxøÜnenAnwgTVar kMEpgraCFanIniyayfaesþcesomGyutþiFm’dak;eTaseKminRtwmRtÚveKkac;exñaHlYcrt;ecjmkehIy 186 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 26 enHKWCaelIkTI1ehIyEdl´RbTHeXIjeKeRbIBakü exmra enH. niyayfaRBwtþikarN_enHekIteLIgenAkñúgqñaM1384 dUcCaRtwmRtÚvl¥Nas; ebIsinCaeKeCOtamraCBgSavtaresom BIeRBaHfaraCFanIkm<úCaRtÚvesomvayyk)an kñúgqñaM1385. b:uEnþebIdUecñHEmn RBwtþikarN_enHRtÚvekIteLIgeRkam rC¢kalRBHramasYn minEmnkñúgrC¢kalRBHecAc½nÞ CaRBHraCbuRtenaHeT. 27 enHKWCaelIkTI1ehIyEdl´CYbCamYyzan³enH EdleyIgnwgRbTHeXIjeTotenAeBleRkay². BaküenHdUcCaman RbPBecjBIPasaeb:háan.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 187 eKsUmbeRmIExµredIm,Isgswknwgesþcesomvij. eK)annaMesomTaMg6nak;enaH eTAcUlKal;RBHraCa ehIyenAeBlEdlRBHraCakMBugsNþab;r)aykarN_rbs;BYkenaH manm®nþImYyrUb)ancUlmkray karN_fVayRBHraCafa BYkesomeTIbEtelIkedImb£sSImYyedImenAcMBImuxRckTVarkMEpgxaglicedImb£sSI enaH manedatk,alGñkyamEdleFVsRbEhseFVI[BYkk,t;TaMg 6nak; rt;ecjrYc. RBHraCarwtEteCOelIerOgTaMgGs;enHEfmeTot enAeBlEdlmanTahanesom2nak;kñúgcMeNam 6nak;enaH søab;b:unµanéf¶eRkaymk28. RTg;[rgVan;dl;BYk4nak;eTotEdlenArs; rYc)an[namuWnsBVmux m®nþIykcitþTukdak;EfmeTot.BYkenH)ancUlrYmRbyuT§kñúgCYrT½BExµrRbqaMgnwgesomRKb;elIkehIy)an bgðajsñaédCaeRcIn eFVI[emkgrbs;BYkeKeCOTukcitþelIeKCaxøaMg. k¾b:uEnþ ral;eBlEdlT½BExµrerobcM ecjeFVIRbtibtþikar BYkenHEtgEtsresrlixitpþl;Bt’manGMBIéf¶Ex TIkEnøg nigem:ageBlRbtibtþikar cgCab;CamYyRBÜjmYyrYc)aj;RBÜjenaHcUleTAkñúgCMrMT½BesomCanic©.éf¶mYykarRbyuT§cab;epþImtaMg BIRBwkRBlwmrhUtdl;eBll¶ac eFVI[TahanTaMgsgxagsøab; dYleBjKUTwkTaMg4Tis Rsab;EtBYkesom TaMg4nak; edaymankarCYy]btßmÖBIBjaEkv nigBjatI EdlBYkeK)anbBa©úHbBa©Úl[cUlrYmk,t; ebIk TVarTisxaglic[xµaMgcUl. BYkesomTaMg4nak;)anRtÚvsmøab;enAnwgkEnøg k¾b:uEnþGVI²)anknøghYseTA ehIy T½BesomEdlrg;caMEt»kasenHyUrNas;mkehIy )annaMKñasRmúkbukcUlmkkñúgraCFanI ehIy deNþIm)ankñúgeBlenaHeTA.RBHraCak¾RtÚvT½BesomeFVIKutkñúgkarRbyuT§enaHEdrExµrRtÚvdak;GavuFsuMcuH caj;enAkñúgRKisþskraC1394 RtÚvnwgmhaskraC316 culøskraC659. esomcab;)annamuWnsBVmuxm®nþI nigT½BCaeQøIyy:ageRcIn naMykeTAkan;Rsukesom b:uEnþmanGñk RsukmYycMnYnFM)aneKcxøÜnrYcCamYyecABjay:at nigBYkRBahµN_buerahit edaynaMykRBHx½nraCü lMEBgraCrbs; tacay nigektnPNÐrbs;raCaniymExµreTACamYypg. 9- cenaø HrCk¢ al ¬1394¦ esþcesom)an[eKe)assm¥atRbmUlexµacTahanEdlsøab;y:ageRcInkñúgs®gÁam ecjBIraC 28 karGFib,aylm¥itEbbenHeBkdUcCaeFVI[mankarsgS½yfaraCBgSavtarerobrab;bMéPø BIeRBaHfa ebIsinCaesom 6nak;enaHRtÚvesþcesomdak;TNÐkmµedIm,I RKan;EtbnøMEPñkExµreT vaminsmnwgF¶n;F¶rrhUtdl;GaceFVI[maneRKaHfñak;Ebb enHeLIy.
FanIedIm,IbM)at;køinGesacrYcRBHGgÁ)anelIkRBHraCbuRtRBHnamBjaERBk29 [eLIgesayraCsm,tþi eRkamRBHnamfaRBH\®nÞaraCa. raCBgSavtarExµrerobrab;fa eRkayBIerobcMBiFIraCaPieskrYc)anbnþic esþcesom)anyagkat; mhaR)asaT RTg;nwkq¶l;k¾sYrfaehtuGVIk¾RBHraCdMNak;d¾l¥enHmanbnÞb;eRcInemø:H? eBlenaH m®nþIExµr mñak;)anTUlfVayfabnÞb;TaMgGs;enaHsRmab;TTYlraCbuRtrbs;esþcsamnþraCTaMgLayEdlRtÚvbBa¢Ún mkkan;raCvaMgkm<úCa. RbTHeXIjRBHeKa esþcesomsYrfaetICaGVI? m®nþIExµrcas;mñak;EdlecHcaMGnusSavrIy_BIGtIt kal )anTUlfVayfa RBHbdimaRBHeKaenHksageLIgtaMgBIyUrlg;Nas;mkehIy kñúgsm½yEdlkm<úCa CamhaGMNac sRmab;dak;Km<IrRBHéRtbidk. eKeKarBbUCaRBHeKaenH ehIycat;Tukfa KWCaRBHpñÚlén RBHraCaNacRk. esþcesomeBjcitþnwgcemøIyTaMgGs;enHNas; ehIyenAeBlEdlyagRtlb;eTARsukesom vij RTg;)annaMykRBHeKaenaH nigRBHBuT§bdimaCaeRcInEdlksagBImas nigR)ak; ykeTACamYypg. RTg;k¾)annaMykeTApgEdrnUvGñkkan;sasnaExµr BYkk,t;BjaEkv nigBjatI nigGñkRsukCaeQøIyswk cMnYn7muWnnak;. cMENkÉRBH\®nÞaraCa Edlesþcesom)anelIk[esayraCükñúgraCFanIkm<úCavij eRkaymk )antamrkektnPNÐraCaniymExµreXIj eRBaHfaebIKµanvtßúTaMgGs;enaHeT eKminGacesayraCsm,tþi eBjlkçN³CaRBHraCa)aneLIy. edayP½yxøaceKlYcykeTAvij RTg;)anBicarNafanwgbBa¢Únvtßú TaMgGs;enaHeTATukenAÉRkúgGyuFüa Rsab;EtpÁrlan;rMBgeLIg ehIyePøógk¾bg¥úrmky:agxøaMgeBjmYy raRtImunéf¶EdlRtÚvbBa¢ÚnecjBIraCFanI\nÞbtþ enHebItamraCBgSavtarerobrab; eFVI[RBH\®nÞaraCa 188 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 29 BaküExµrfaBjaenH RbEhlCakøaymkBIBaküeb:háanfab‘Íj:a Cazan³rbs;esþcBIburaN ÉBaküfaecAk¾sMedAyk esþc Edr. BaküecABjaenHCazan³rbs;BYkGñkGgÁm©as; nigRBHraCaExµrenAstvtSr_TI14 nig15 EtbnÞab;mk)aneRbI BaküenH sRmab;ehAEtBYkGñkGgÁm©as;b:ueNaH rYcehIysRmab;EtnamuWnFM². kñúgPasalav eKfa ):aj:a b¤paj:a. eKminRtÚvRcLMBjaERBkenH EdlRtÚvCaraCbuRtrbs;esþcesom ehIyRtÚveKelIk[esayraCüenAkm<úCaeRkam RBHnamfa RBH\®nÞaraCa CamYynwgbuRtesþcesommYyGgÁeTotEdlmanzan³dUcKñaEdrEteFVICaemT½BesomeT. ehIy k¾minRtÚvRcLMCamYyRBH\®nÞaraCamYyeTotEdlRtÚvCaRBHjatirbs;esþcesomRBHPüaramEdldeNþImraCsm,tþikñúgqñaM 1401 Edr.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 189 mankarP½nþPaMgCaxøaMg ehIyRTg;RsémfamanGtItRBHraCaExµrmYyGgÁmkKg;BIelI ehIyRBmanRBHGgÁ fa nwgeFVI)abRBHGgÁebIRBHGgÁbBa¢ÚnektnPNÐTaMgenaHeTARsukesomEmn. RBHGgÁP½yxøac k¾seRmc TukvtßúTaMgGs;enAnwg\nÞbtþvijeTA. eKmindwgfaetIRBH\®nÞaraCaesayraCüenAkm<úCa)anb:unµanqñaMeT ehIyk¾mindwgfamanmUlehtuGVI EdleFVI[RTg;yagRtlb;eTARsukesomvij. GVIEdleKdwgKWfa RBHGnuCrbs;RBHGgÁPüarama EdleLIg esayraCsm,tþibnþBIRBHramasYnenAkñúgqñaM1375 )anRtÚvm®nþImYyrUbTmøak;BIraCsm,tþi enAkñúgqñaM 1380 ehIyelIkRBH\®nÞaraCa[esayraCüelIblø½gáraCesomvij cMeBlEdlRBHraCaNacRk km<úCa kMBugEterobcMRbeTs bnÞab;BITTYl)anÉkraCüeLIgvijedaysñaédRBHGgÁm©as;mYyGgÁénraC vgSanuvgS. 10- RBHRsIsurieyavgS ¬1401-1417¦ putBIkarRtÜtRtarbs;esom namuWnsBVmuxm®nþI)anelIkRBHRsIsurieyavgS EdlRtÚvCaRBHraC buRtrbs;RBHsurieyaT½yEdlesayraCüBIqñaM1353dl;1359 [eLIgRKgraCblø½gákm<úCa enAeBl EdlRBHGgÁmanRBHCnµayu43RBHvsSa. raCBgSavtarniyayfaRTg;esayraCü)an16qñaM ehIysuKtenAkñúgqñaM1417 kñúgRBHCnµ59 RBHvsSa edaybnSl;TUkRBHraCbuRtamYyGgÁRBHnamecABjay:at manRBHCnµ17RBHvsSa. 11- RBHbrmesak³ ¬1417-1421¦ RBHraCaEdlRtÚveKeRCIserIs[esayraCübnþBIRBHsurieyavgS KWRBHPaKienyürbs;RBHGgÁ EdlmanRBHCnµ29RBHvsSa eRkamRBHnamfaRBHbrmesakraCa. tamraCBgSavtar esom)anvayyk\nÞbtþburImþgeTotkñúgrC¢kalesþcGgÁenH enAkñúgqñaM 1420 ehIyRBHGgÁ)ansuKteTAeRkayBIesayraCü)anRbEhl3qñaM kñúgRBHCnµ32RBHvsSa. karcUlTivgÁtrbs;RBHraCaCaehtubNþal[BYkesomvaycUlmkdl;kñúgraCFanI. k¾b:uEnþerOgr:avenHhak;dUcCaRcbUkRcbl;bnþic GacnwgfaBYkGñkEdlsresrraCBgSavtarmankar RcLMkalevlarvagrC¢kal2 KWrC¢kalesþcFmµesak³ nigbrmesak³ BIeRBaHfamanraCBgSavtarxøH min)anTaMgelIkGMBIesþcbrmesak³ b¤surieyavgS pgeT emø:aHehIyvaGacnwgmankarlM)akkñúgkarbnSúI kalevla. EteTaHCay:agNakþI raCBgSavtarTaMgGs;ÉkPaBKñaRtg;cMNucEdlfarC¢kalrbs;esþc
Bjay:at )ancab;epþImeLIgtaMgBIqñaM142130. 12- RBHRsIsurieyaBN’ b¤ecABjay:at ¬1384-1431¦ RBHecABjay:at min)anFøak;kñúgkNþab;édesomeT RTg;)anecjeXasnabBa©úHbBa©ÚlnamuWnm®nþI nigRbCara®sþ[RbqaMgnwgesomvij. RTg;kT½B)an rYce)aHCMrMenAkñúgbnÞaymanrbgkarBarrwgmaMmYy enAkñúgRsukRsIsQr ¬RsIsn§r¦31 EdlerOgniTanniyayfa CakEnøgRBH)aTbkSIcaMRkúgKg;enAmun eBl)aneLIgesayraCü32.RTg;)ancat;[ksagraCFanItUcmYymanrbgkarBarrwgmaMehIymanRbCa ra®sþCaeRcInmkBIExRtepSg² cUlmkrYmrs;eRkamkarRKb;RKgrbs;ecABjay:at kñúgenaH mYycMnYnFM EdlmanbMNgbeNþjesomecjBIRBHnKr )ansµ½RKcUlbeRmIkñúgCYrkgT½Brbs;RBHGgÁ. ecABjay:atmincg;eFVIs®gÁamRbqaMgnwgT½Besom nigesþcesomEdlesayraCüenAelIraC blø½gákm<úCaedaycMheT RTg;manbMNgcg;lYceFVIXatvij. RTg;)ancat;mhatlik2nak;[eFVIkargar enH ehIy)ansnüa[rgVan;eRcIndl;GñkTaMg2nak; Edlsµ½RKcitþeFVIdMeNIreTAkan;\nÞbtþburI CamYykmøaMg 15nak;eTot. BYkenH)anCYbm®nþIesommñak; rYc)ansuMcUlKal;esþcesomedIm,IsuMbeRmIesµaHRtg;Gs; mYyCIvit. eBlenaHesþcesomKg;enAkñúgsYnkñúgRBHbrmraCvaMg m®nþIesomk¾naMGñkTaMg 17nak; eTArg; caMRtg;pøÚvEdlRBHraCayageFVIdMeNIrrYceqøót»kasbgðajxøÜnGñkTaMgenaHEtmþg.esþcesomenA\nÞbtþ eRtkGrxøaMgNas;edaymanRBHbnÞÚlfataMgBIRTg;)aneLIgCaRBHecARkúgkm<úCaeTIbEtmanGñkTaMg17 nak;enHeT EdlPJak;rlwkmksuMbeRmIRBHGgÁmuneK emø:aHehIyRTg;yl;RBmTTYl ehIynwg[rgVan;dl;Gñk TaMgGs;Kña. RTg;)anbBa¢a[eKyksemøókbMBak;mk[ ExµrTaMg17nak; Rsab;EtBYkenH dkykkaMbit esñótEdllak;kñúgKl;ePøAecjmk ehIyRBÜtKñacak;eTAelIRBHraCasMedARtg;eBaH nigRTÚgeFVI[RBHGgÁ suKtPøameTA. BYkesnakarBaresþcesomeBlenaH)an ecjmkCYyPøamEdr b:uEnþ )anRtwmEtkab; 190 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 30 manÉksarmYyniyayfa esþcBjay:at eLIgesayraCükñúgqñaM1432. tamemIleTARbEhlCaqñaMEdlRTg;TTYl RBHraCaPieskeT KWqñaM1423 b¤ 1433. 31 enAcm¶ay40KILÚEm:Rtxag|sanraCFanIPñMeBj elIRcaMgTenøemKgÁxageqVg. 32 erOgRBH)aTbkSIcaMRkúgenHCaerOgniTansuT§saFEteQµaHTIkEnøgRtÚveTAnwgeQµaHRsukeTsBitR)akdEmn.enARsuk esomk¾manerOgniTandUcKñaenHEdr RKan;EteQµaHTIkEnøgbþÚreTACaeQµaHRsukeTskñúgRbeTsesomeTAvij.
Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 191 smøab;BYkXatkb:ueNÑaH Éesþcesom)ansuKtputeTAehIy33. b:unµanéf¶eRkaymk ecABjay:at EdlecjdMeNIrBIbnÞaymkrg;caMEtdMNwgenH k¾)anbgðajxøÜn RBHGgÁenAmux\nÞbtþburI ehIycab;epþImebIkkarRbyuT§. eBlenaHBYkExµrEdlrs;enAkñúgraCFanI k¾naMKña cab;kan;GavuFeLIgkab;smøab;BYkesomrYcebIkTVarraCFanI[T½BecABjay:atcUl.enAeBlEdlkMBugEt mankartamkab;smøab;sRtÚvtampøÚvepSg²énRBHraCFanI ecABjay:at )anyagcUlkñúgRBHraCvaMg ehIy)anCYbnwgRsIesoms¥atmñak;kMBugEtyM. RTg;saksYreTAnagenaH EdlRkabfVaybgÁ¿ecalknÞúy EPñkedogemIlRBHGgÁ rYcTUlfa nagmaneQµaHfa nagRsegom CabuRtIGkxun nigRtÚvCaRBHCaya rbs; esþcesomEdlExµrTaMg17nak;eFVIKutenaH. ecABjay:at eBjRBHT½ynwgsRms;nag Rsegom xøaMg Nas; k¾elIknageFVICasñMÉk. ecABjay:at)anRtÚveKelIk[esayraCükñúgqñaM1384énRKisþskraC k¾b:uEnþTal;Et12qñaM eRkaymk KWkñúgqñaM1396 eTIbRTg;)anerobcMGPieskeRkamRBHnamfaRBH)aTsemþcesþcRBHraC »gáarRBHbrmraCaFiraCramaFibtI RBHRsIsurieyaBN’FmµikmharaCaFiraC RBHbrmnafbrmbBiRt. enAqñaM1388 énRKisþskraC34 RBHraCa)anRbCuMRBHraCvgSanuvgS namuWnsBVmuxm®nþI nigesna btITaMgLay rYcRTg;manRBHbnÞÚlfa {RBHraCaNacRkkm<úCaeyIgmanraCaNacRkesomCasRtÚv. BI 33 esþcenHminEmnCaRBHBjaERBk EdleLIgesayraCüenAkm<úCaeRkamRBHnamfa RBH\®nÞaraCaeT BIeRBaHRBHGgÁ esayraCüenAesomtaMgBIqñaM1401. ebIdUecñH etIRBHGgÁCaesþcmYyNa. RBHsgÇraCExµrR)ab;´fa esþcenHGacCa esþcEdlesayraCübnþBIRBH\®nÞaraCa k¾b:uEnþebIsinCadUecñaHEmn etIRBHRsIsurieyavgS nigRBHbrmesak³esayraCü enAeBlNa ehIyenAÉNa? 34 ÉksarmYyenaHniyayeRcIndgfaenAkñúgqñaM1310 énmhaskraC RtÚvnwgculøskraC751 EdlRtÚvnwgRKisþsk raC1374b¤1388b¤1389.eyIgnwg)aneXIjenAxageRkamfakarcakecjBIGgÁrKWenAkñúgculøskraC735Ca qñaMerageTas½k. k¾b:uEnþqñaM735 énculøskraCEdlRtÚvnwgRKisþskraC 1373 minEmnCaqñaMerageT ehIyk¾minEmnCa qñaMeTas½kEdr KWCaqñaMmSaj;bBa©s½keTAvijeT. ÉmhaskraC1310 EdlRtÚvnwgRKisþskraC1388 eTIbCaqñaMerag eTas½k. KWedaymUlehtuenHehIy)anCa´KitfakalbriecäTenHsmCag ehIymü:ageTotmankarerobrab;enAxageRkam BIqñaMculøskraC751 nig752 ¬RtÚvnwgRKisþskraC1389 nig1390¦. cMNucmYyeTot KWeKniyayxageRkamfa RBHGgÁesayraCü)an 47RBHvsSa kñúgenaH 17RBHvsSaenAmhanKr ehIyebIyk 17qñaMeTAbUkCamYy qñaMEdlRBH Fmµesak³suKt1373 eyIg)an1390 KWxusKñaEt2qñaMb:ueNÑaH. ´BinitüeXIjfamankarminsUvsmCaeRcInenAkñúg kalbriecäT Et´Gac)anRtwmEtpÁÚpÁgdUcxagelI ehIysuM[GñkNaEdlmanÉksareRcInCagCYyEksRmÜlpgcuH.
munbNþaGaNaExRtPaKxaglicmanRbCaCneRcInNas; \LÚvExRtPaKeRcInRtÚvesomykGs;ehIy. esomk¾)anekorykRbCaCnBIExRtepSg²eTot EdleyIgkan;kab; naMykeTACaeQøIyEfeTot eyIgBi)aknwgeTArkRbCaCnBINamkdak;vijNas;. ebInwgcg;deNþImykGaNaExRtEdlesomyk eTAenaHmkvijk¾min)an eRBaHmankaryamkamrkSamuWgm:at;Nas; NamYyeyIgk¾Bi)ak nwgeFVIs®gÁamt eTAeTotpg. ExRtCab;RBMEdn minGac[erIsT½BsRmab;Tb;Tl;nwgkarlukluyrbs;esom)aneT. raCFanIeyIgFM manrbgkarBarrwgmaM EtminsUvmanRbCaCn dUecñHminRKb;RKan;nwgkarBareLIy. ebIsinNaCaesomelIkT½BmkvaymþgeTot TaMgsasnikTaMgBYkRBahµN_nwgRtÚvrgTukçevTnadUcKña. eyIgKYrEtcakecalraCFanIenHEdleyIgminGackarBar)an ehIyeTAksagraCFanIfµImYy enAÉ ExRtRsIsQr ¬RsIsn§r¦ vij. ebIBYkesommk vaRtÚvqøgkat;ExRtepSg²EdlvaRtÚvRbyuT§CaeRcIn kEnøgGacTukeBl[eyIgekNÐT½BTb;Tl;Tan;munnwgbeNþay[BYkvacUlmkdl;eCIgrbgrbs;eyIg}35 . manRBHbnÞÚlrYc RTg;saksYreyabl;namuWnsBVmuxm®nþI Edlyl;RsbtamRBHraCtRmiHEdr ehIyk¾seRmc[dwkCBa¢ÚnraCRTBüraCbriBarnigesnabtIeTAkan;RsIsn§r.luHdl;qñaM1388eRkayBI )aneRCIserIseBlevlal¥rYcehIyRTg;)anyagcakecjBIRBHraCvaMg\nÞbtþburItamRBHraCTInaMgnava FMmYy EhhmeTAedaynavatUcFMCaeRcIn eRkamsMeLgKgeXµaH nigsÁrlan;B¤rMBg KYbpSMCamYysMeLg eh‘ake®Ba¢óvrbs;kgT½BeCIgeKaknigeCIgTwkGWgkgedIm,IeFVI[RBHraCdMeNIrRbkbeTAedayeCaKC½y. navaRBHraCa)anmkcuHctenAnwgTYl)asan ehIyPøam²enaH eKk¾cab;ksagraCvaMgh‘umB½T§eTA edaykMEpgkarBarrwgmaMsg;eRkalesHeRkaldMrInigCRmkRBHraCTInaMgnava.RBHraCvaMgEbrmuxeTArk Tenø.RBHraCbriBaresvkamatüsg;pÞHCuMvijRBHraCdMNak;Rtg;kEnøgNaEdlmanTYlehIyRTg;RbTan nam[RBHraCFanIfµIfa RkúgRsIsn§rbvrFanI. rdUvvsSamkdl;ePøógFøak;eCakCaMeFVI[liclg;TUTaMgRBHnKrRBHraCak¾seRmcmkKg;enAÉctumµúx vij KWraCFanIPñMeBjsBVéf¶ Rtg;GaeKñy_PñMtUcmYy36 . RBHraCa)anbBa¢a[]kj:aeteCaekNÐkmøaMgmnusSCaeRcInCIkdIRtg;kEnøgmYyehIyErkykmk 192 Rbvtþisa®sþRbeTskm<úCa 35 eyIg)aneXIjBIxagelIrYcehIyfa RBHraCa)ansÁal; nigFøab;)anrs;enAkñúgExRtenHmYyry³rYcmkehIy. 36 RBHsgÇRBHnamcan; Ca)aLat;vtþ]NÑaelam )anGHGagfaKWeteCaRkhmkEdl)anBUnkUnPñMenHeLIgenAkñúgqñaM 1605 rYcehIy)ansg;ectiyFMmanragCa BIr:amId. k¾b:uEnþraCBgSavtarniyayfaectiyEdlsßitenARCúgxagBay½Bü enaH KWCaectiyEdldak;FatuesþcecABjay:at Edl)anykctumµúxCaraCFanI.