Marchis, A - Structura si proiectarea tesaturilor

snr(xrririlr:1lqr;rc firltr (prrtrirtclc plirrr:) lcltcii cu flotriri lrrrrgi pc tl,'itstrlit'rt,
iiu' r'.r't lrlrrtrtr srnotrLr'i[c rlc lxr ;'1r1 (]l'slrl [(.'sirt.rrrii (2 lirrirr[c orizont:ll(]) lr:irgli
crr llot.lr'i ltrngi pe rledesrrbt.

Srnocurilc r-or'fi tiiiatc atiL pr: flIii, cil;i pe r'ovt:r'sul !esrilrrrii, ('ur.rl s(j
lctlc ln sercIiunt't trausr-crsalii din fig.411.

db J){l
t,'ig. 'tl t) I-cgIlrrri prrrllrr calilrlc crr sntucrrli pc fali

\11

liig. .lll. S,.r'tilrtc llrttsvctsllii inlr'-tru pltt; r:tt stnor'ttri 1r,' firlri
;i pc dos.

I1 f ig. 4L0, b, slnocurile sint lnai hrrrgi decit in cazul din lrrgritttlir a.
rlsirarccc lriitiiLrrrilc perrtnr smocuri au flntiili mrri lrrrtgi. Naviidirr-l 1i 1t';rgr't'r'rt
in sl)1[ir, la cati feLcle irr ctu'r) snll)(]urilc sittI loltttlttc rIc lrirtirtrrl'i-t, st l'ircc clt
lrcnIr'u !estiturilc simple.

2. Catifere gi pluguri cu smocuri de urzeali

rrrir Pfl'ritegrrn.,.ltl1rrut1tt2carcrelL:stelticpt rrc!iczsiturltttrarirtrnli)rrso'ritrnllrlIrrrln\dellcctoerrscxtltrllc'ii.zoar]e.ritair1p.tlruii;LsririrlloorL,rtlitrrrrr'z,acrlic" tlitt r,rtrt,:

smocttlilt)

sint folrrraIe de rrrzeala; ]lc o i]or'liurle dc ilori:i pina la ;asc lriitiittrli. l.rritiitulit
irsllric s:i legc atit cu rrrzcirla Iurdurtttutala, It:.i gi crr urzcala peulltr stlroctlri.
jraltl:src'chlicdc{uunrdr arornsct.ntlaalec,acrocbtoor:rittce. fircle d.e urzcalii pcntlu srnoctrri silrt
,\poi, -"r: in acest rost. se irrtrodrrce o tijli /.
rirlicate, Sase I.riitiituli, Lratc yor l.cga
rlrrpii carc rostLrl se irrchirlc. Se lrat ial doui tijft, cluPii ce au Iost ridical-c
,rr anrliclc- ru'zcli; apoi, -ss iltrodrrce. tlin rrou, -o
toat.e {ir:trlc dc urzeali penlru srnocuri. Dupri ce s-au irrtrotlus astf cl l0-12
1i.ic, sc st:ot plirni'le pe linrl fi -sc introrlttt'itr rrtsttrrilt'urtnitoarc.

298

L,Oo

'ef11 alsecI q3er1 r'rrr (ojr1

lt r:rrr.r;r) tlulu,lunll)unJ !pr.)z.nr. op JlJ.rr,,l 'r;rl'11 lrrirrnl E-o[) t.ll;lorirs qzltcrrr.roJ Jt

'1:r;p !rrl'r1 elsod p.;'llr1 (,rrrr1rI o1ojr3.r1r,'rl) r.rnrrorLrs rr.rltrocl ljIl]itz.rn illl o[J.rr.,J

'J.t.)J un il.t nlBctlllil'll.ilrluliJ,t.r

ri.rt?J Illl o !21r,)ltt.rn'(llcjrprrcrr.ro) r.rn;y1r3r1 rc,rl qdnp'pc'.rpu,t os l.nrurrurle.rrl
lilrrJSJl) uI 'clullli)u JIr,il]:)(]1(rs Lr.t irrlrl ilrrnt u.rill!5o1 r;.|urz.r,rrlo.r p;;; '5r,,1

'Jllrl!l.rll Jll.tllr)otltS lli) b-nT(I r.inirld rt.rlrt.rrl o1r5.la,l ltr.rrl lg t 1 ,jl.,l
Lrrr n.rtrr.rrl 'q.rn11:bl'1 I g- 'il.,l

ru w%@

'.)llrlll lu!s iltI i,,tll,l ,)lr.ili.)olus rUttlu,l
rr.rLrltlsli BjuJ c(l 'osl:oJs lsoJ nu .rlllrl .r.r r,.tln11 '(l'I:Ll. iirl rrrP rloi) lur,c
'.)ll,ro rrus'Jpurrlo.r ol.q qzvazqllr.l'Js'o1ul91lru r.rnJours euriqo u nJ.lrrJd rUllr

oler^E au rJncotus nc rrn6n14 '1'6

cls.rrl 'JoIrJlrSnlil Ir.rIt]rJr[u] oprmdsc.roo Bur.ro] JI rl Jp lll)oJrur lllsuJ.)u 'urru 1
o nt.rolefrl 1n.ro1nlu nl alnuriqo JIr.rnJouts J;)ii.ruo.)(I
cp olrtrFunl 'r.rnffr; rrc r3 olrlrqrl r.irrJotrr,c

lrruu;ril'de1ulsLq,)1Jetuur.rIprIJ6orJ.lrursJrrJIJrsu: ir, JrJlopdu1c1lrn.dru'rS.rnrtlpdorurr' c1a1o1r1uc '1.r11s1, 'oJ,lpo.r ol)
o:-
clprtr ruur ur lrrr.r([t?J. 1{,rcI
JJrJ urp cluu.roJ]u!s cIr.nlJoIrIS o.Il]t u1
'r,,1u,rzru Jp 'lj.nrlLrlsoJ.) rr.r u.[r1 rtt rcrrnrjccs 'J '[:IIr 'a1r.urBn1d. rt- o1o111r1rr'-;
'.311 u1 .rur 'rJui lrlsJJr
l^rJIJ

'.r1lo'.rC,r ur.rd .rolr.nlJonts r;J,llltu.ro,l A tfr 'tl,,l

clrl u! ruuli.r:rs [)f A cs q'\:w 'ff1J tt1 't;1rjnc.^r 1i r-r1u1 Itur ,)l:-J no 'uitt11 s ttrlt
1n1r^rdcc uI Jrr 'Lrl)un]oJ BIU o rr1 ']uruolrlll J]otu u! rJltJ cs
epc,r es l'1'11r 'r"r1

rr,r.r'-ci Ind[rrl rr1 .ro1cI11 BaJClrocs rS ue,racnpoJ]ul'rloz.rn olgquru nc !8Bel oJuJ
fnoP oTi).1 c[) oll'rx1[
r.nll!lL?([ 331;$ _. luls llJ 1rr.1r,[r,:1 Lt r.tt['o1olr1 loJS os el r;tl rrI

t* !.rzuo,rl:-!d Js i).nlJ lJnJorus'.ro1cf11 [n5rnlI l]-J[)'l)ttt.roJ.to,r Js'[,]J]sV

2.2. Plugrrri err slnoerrri tiriate

Itt'tttr'tt :t olr!irt,':rloturi lrrirttr'. s(,rtiliz('itzit li.il r'irlc iul. rl('-ir lurrgrrl Ir,r'.
tilc o r'l'('stittulit (l'ig. llli. r'). l'r'irt lrcstriturile ti.jr,lol tfcr-r' rn lllil ,.,tr','
l:ric stttortrrlilr' ; itr'r'stir {,rt(' nl(,rrtlrt po ltn irl)itfilt spcciill.

lfig. ll.i 1'r'lrltzintii rrrr ir:lfcl rlt irPitrat pcltrrr tiriat srrror.rrli .
Stttotrttt'ilr'-ctr Iitir: ;i r'rr irjtrlorLrl ti.ici lrrre. lit clpilt- r'.tc liltita si lsr.rrliti'r.
lot'tttitttl rt lattrl lrr t:lilrrl irr sus.
L,irrtl ti.ia e,c tc trlsir lirnlr ttie toir lc
I ir','1,' ,ll ut'2,':rlrr l)r.ntru :nt()r.r!r'i.
citrc sirrt. d('asul)tir ci, lorrtrirrtlrr'sr'.
irsllrl" snrorru'ilo (I'ig. 4lli.rr).

Itiit-. I 15. .\parat ;rlltlLr tiii.r'r rr .rrr,r, rrt il,rt' lrr l:'ig. ll6. l,r'sitrrr[ pt'trlrtt utr ;rltts
plrr;rrli (Drlrlnelt, ). srrtrx'ttti tilietr'.

I'ig. ll6 rr'pllzinla lcgiiltra l)rntru un plui clr slnocurilc liriatc. l)u1rii
rlorrii lriit;ltrrt'i ttt'tttcitzii o ti.it {'lr o ('r'('sIjittttii t.'. Iilzcirlir frntr[arncntirlrr le'agri
rips. lrt scctitul('. st' tctlr' (:utlt leitgit IillLr ilrr rrrzcirll 1 si 2 (lirrii srrhtili)"
ralc sint file lurrdarrrcntalc (l{r urz{lalir" si r,'tttrt sc lonn0ilzii smoculilc r'rr filrrl
,lc rrrzcalri Ptrrtrrr suio('ul'i ([irric gloasri). Lt Ir'ilttrrl srnoc. crrc irtcii rnr a Iost
tii.ial,. sc I crlc 1r'ol'ilul rrrrci lijc r'rr t'rr'-sliilrrrit. r'ar rtrli slrs sillt irrrl ir:lrtr'

srrtorrrlilc tiiiatc.
Lrrugirtt,'ir snrocrrrilor,lclrirrr[,'tlr: lr"rginr,'rr 1r'rgr:lt'lor'.

'l'ragcr','it ill sllatii:('l)()ltc f:tcr'l)(i ral)or'trrri" trrlit-ii irr fiecnt'e r'irsrrli sr:
\'oi' [['ag(' {ir:r'lc rl inlr'-Lrrr l'ill)olt rlc ut'ztirlii. \rir';rd ilca sc Irrcc in dorrai tolprrri,
,'or'pul rlc ile crr lile pcrrtnr srnolrrri Iiirrrl in l'afir (lingi slralii).

L)t'oiu'c,'t'tclr: rlorri-r rrt'ztli -c rcur'ttilzii rlil'r'r'it, s,'rrtilizcazii rlorrii srrlrrli

rl,'trt'2,'itla-

2.3. l)lu;rrri err ligrrri

l'lrrrrlilc r'rr ligrrri s1r lrot lrlorlrrr:r, irr ttrti lnrltc f,'lrrri :
irl-urt.rrrrtrilrirzlri'rlri.rilirrr-r srrt'tlii.irrr'rr'urir crcstaluli. u(rccilqi ti.ilr rrvirrrl rlilcrit,,lrilirui.
l;lr lat:r. 1i srnocrrtilr"r'or l i rrriri lurrgi :

l ;it':i --lt'r':rltrtiilliiitlzitzrirliirr.rrlrulr-rs--(r' '.ti.li,('',r)rlllt'urliitIrc'cliotcirflirrllcirsnriil;trt'rr" liir'r'rr r:r'r,sliilrrl'i :i lii,,
l'is. llT lr'Pr','zint:i
ttt'zcttlit Irrttrlitlttttt{itlrr :i lt'srcirllrtrtl',rrr'nulnfurrisPrnluost'rfrorilutr'satIclrrrlclc2e:sIl.fcli.nPlltoirptaotrtlriaririnlstltrc,
plolr6r'lit'; rlorrii lli'rtiituli. o
ttt'lllitlortrr':t ti.ji l)culrn snro(:uri tiiiittc. apoi rlorr:i
l,rrl:rlrrli. r, li.irr |r'rrtt'rr :tnor.ut'i rrr.llriirlr.,

:l( ){ )

loti

'trfr1 rlrrs lrl r-rffrr.r1 '.r1.r11u rrL .nlr '.rl r1 ,r1s,rtT_ t-rfitlo1 'rttttti.totT_i)1.)tlll tl! l.lllJ()llI{
.)lri.[o lo(T nrrtl JS r.rlliltl(I rt! r)[t.tllilJl
,,-i1ir,,,l'lllu.)z.rr ,r1,'o',i.,,.i : li)Ilsr I'll]lIlSC'It l) ]
.r11.rlr; pr;r.19.rrl lr\.ti)i{[o .r< 'l.ril1I:l-sJ.r;) L2.rl^lI .rOI.)r Itl ]3
ulrrrjl.rs rrT 'r.lnll]lsJ.Ir) rl,] illJi) tlrts irtl 1i r.tl11!lSlt.r,)
,,.ti,1'' ,,irl'i1 i)llrol ul.sctl
riSrrol rJncorrrs n.rlui)d lilEoz.ltl oP '.llilJlI 'o'tllo;rr.ts
,,1-.','t' 1il .,).r.).ntr).rlr '.rlllilrlJtr r,tn.,oilti l:lll.loJ .lo\ ,ri 'l:illl ' l/ li // ol'l.lll(ll r''c

'J:llllIlJlI ri illll!l l.Tllrlotlls 11,

rrrrrri.rrrl url) .rtlIrr.roJ linFr; rrr itrlrl ttrt n.rlttltl q.rrl1p,9.)'l '81 l 'lel,'l

,1,..,t,.,[it,,',.(,),...,l,1,.r,lr,-t..l)IptlittS)t.lr)lJlt:Jtl_,JrrIrlIrrI.oiutJollUiJlr:J,J]rrZro1o.lrrllrrloo.nsttlaro.]qrt'rtrqliIOnll'ltost,Jl;uSo.i8ldOtJ[I(ScIlb,JratutUnoI.rltIrcnInI.:ls]!r:ll]sriJJuon.luIllcll.dlliJil]U1ulci!)!(_llur'trll'oJzljllc.oBr.!tlr'L1ldt'1lleuJtltT.r.i[tI)ill|Iltslrtr-"O-r^'.ItIPulIcsJlp.rlllll1ll-u3rlJui;Oc)'1Il
''!lllrlrl.)rttll l)
-UnJ plt,)z.trl I lrol c.l8 ntr u.rrll ESoi 't.tntotus
'J'lrr!l r.nlrxrrus nl rtttrti.tlttl pltt rll l-lJliI ronnrj.ro([ U! Jut 'crrntj.roti '!]lsllo.)l? uI '.loJ
ill,l ,',' rr.rlrr.irl r.rr1q'er)'t 'l Il Sl.,l -Jlrl t.IdilsEilp tFBaI l.tlli)ouls rl.Iltlod rltJz.lll

l.jJ il.r.lrrod lzrcIlIJoj i)s l.Illoolu:- ilc JIrSunfl
'rrF.irlrrlnopIO'3Snr;^rrI.rrt1str:.l8ott]ttt1ut !n''c) I[r)rrjl(I{tor.ril)o1dll] T.Inioltls
rPIII cq ll:)

"elerrlolr rJnrolllS

rlll) elP[r.roJ lFunP n1) PrrluJcilIB 'clnr!]l
'currStrnl u!
r.ilt;iolrrs rfiI) il'll:l(r.roJ rSLrnp {elrIOz

-r.r.T rr,L u.rnlg-soi '1a3lsn | (clcrmcl) oltlll:lcrl
t.rilrorus ullrJoJ.Ior cS JoT lseoB u!'.lPpuEY
,1.',a1)i!lr,t).)1'l.-.r,):,rrr1rri1,r.r1)...r9,rr1(nr)sl1Jar9.o.),1.d.lrr)rJll.urr.t.,lnrr,cl,r)l.r)uoioltc1.!n,ra(rrlf.sn1rIo1ririgrl.car.j)6rplor1rcrsIt:l'rrua1lc.s1drlrdlrcnJo'1"orl3^(FruIo'ur1pat.c1('s1J6rore.rncprrulli(tlTou1[l!t't.ol.ISt'[otJctT;iJnrror.;.J],rI.)IltrIrr]srlBroF.I(ldllrltl).l]rIiul{^oIlrI1sJlIrsa.t(rllzIrlJ1J.l,oIrl1nl1IPr1t'JJ^h.lEtz6trlJ.otI-tl;lto.tt\o:l'oJrjotllcur]'t-ljtsllBul;.-:loqlplsrzoo.ttll(unt(tl
FI-- l .r)y;ttru ill) cli).r l ,)Jlrnl r:arLrtrj.rotl rrI lt?tuJoI nll-s JIlllf] Jlr.Ini)oluq

\plrlar, I igrn'ilc s{-r \'or Iot'tttit trtrtttai it por'fiuniltr itt crtt'(: Iircle tlc ttt'zclt lit
pt'rrtlrr stitocrrt'i lcugii lrc-'t.c lijr:.

I"iu. ll9 r't'plczinta o lt'giilrtrii pr nttLr un pl Lr5 rLvirrrl l)of!iuni i'rt strtot'rrt'i
si l'irlir snocrrfi " irr cittc. IrLintlr.r-sc t'a rrio,lr,l. rttotivLrl 'l/" s-irrr folittrr{ [igrrril,'
lr,rtlr'[, irrcit lilr'!c rIc rrlzt'alii l]eutrrr srltocut'i leagl lrr llrnrcte[r' irtrlirittrr r'rr
piitrir [rlc plirrr: 1.rt'sle ti ie ; dcci. ait i -q(r vol'{olrrra srttoculi tiiiatc.'I'ol irr

Fic lle l'r'g';it,"i'r r";:i:.'0i,11"1t.;i i:]li':"#Jlil'i cu stttor LI'i (pi'itri'r'

lig. IIl'ilrx9'oaltsrioit,lirtrcirurtrlelunrlttl'riiP'l'urinlrrlzc:ttlotalacrtl-cpserrurrrlotzl'tet'luasllatsllioci .irlstlttt.rri',(slcctltsttlrrrucitrirclugcilizard'Ilirri.rrJgtucltn,tqrllltutcrrrstltat,c'.rrotirlcti.jsiri. rtrlri
i'str rrrr:t

l)('trtltr snrocut'i . iitl in lrirtiitrrtrri, rlc t.r'ci biitiituri ;i o t.iiir lrr ,rte:tritrrt'rr. lrr
rrrtr.it-"tti ltgi'rtrtIir, ntt [.oaIc l irr'1c 1tt'rrtlrt -"tttttcuti sc s(rlrf t('azil in rtr:ccitf i ltriisrrrii.
l)r.r,'xr.rrr1rlir. IiluL prntlrr -.ruucru'i / [lrtgii pcstrr rlona ti.je. iar. {irrrl pcrrt.r'rr
srllocuri.l lcuga [)Lrste fast) ti.jc 5i. rlct,i" at'esta sc r:a scurta rrriri rrrrrlt. (,irrrl
sint mai nrrrl tc finr do rrlzcllii (uro so sfurtcitz;r djfelit. in loc sa sc rrtilizlzc
t()L ltitc.a sulrri ilr, rrlztalii. ('rf('il rrc r:str'imposihil" se utilizeazii lrol.riu{r ulezat(l

irr Ir-rrn rastel.

il plrr;rLli ;i cati f r'1r' >r: ltol {tilrttr f ignli ;i 1lrin olefa[iilc rlc l irri-.lrr:.
I't'olcrlcuI r'cl uai rlc-s utilizat. ltqrtrtr frtlrttltea rlc figrrri in clrtifcLr ;i
rFlt il[)r'(][ilrca p1 Lrlrrrilor Ic tlo-* cu urr clr,i calt'Lr pirtlu.ndc. l)ulir lrlLrtrrli

tltir stir-
l,luful. r's1t'1r't'crrt. pLilIr'e rloi r:ilirrrlli . dirrtrc culc ccl rlc.ios cstr.i111l111iurl
t'tt. rratttr,iut'. l)r'rttt'rr cit sir {ic nlti clastitr. iar ccl dc srrs csl-c inlirlziI r.rr llrrrli
;i itrt' grtitr itI l]r) cl l'iguri. l'lrrsrrl. tlt:t'irrl lrliirtl'c cli rloi t:ilirrrlli ctlr: irsirtirr";i
o Irc-.irrrtt rrlrrcciabilii. I igrrlilc dc 1re lilindlrrl srrpcl'ior' Ir'r:sctzii srrror.rrrilr:
cat'c arlcrir la lr':irltrlir. fonrrirrt[" a-"lIcl . Iigurilc.
Ilolttltlttt IigLLt'iior ilr llrr;uli sc rttrti poatc rllrlizit {]u litl}loirnc rlc rrrctirl,
irt t:afe -sirr[. Iiiittt.rr I'iurrli, trLrrzilrdtr-s'r'lor:Lrrilc riirrritsrr ncl)rosirt(.. Srrrolrrril,:
t'lr'r: sittl lu'rsittc srrlr lirbloant'r'iitnirr intrcgi. folrrriurl l'igrrr'iLr, iur lclc lrrrrst
L' scot in t'r'itlcrrIrr.

302

f t08

ill) J.rr.l lrl{rl) llilr- llrilrr t* t.r.lllot.r3(lils llJlllL'sri lt.t lrrr(T LrlllJu.ln Jll o.il I f n()l')
,il, lrlls lnlll] i)lr ols., lllu,)2.il1 i)l) o[i),ll.[ c.r)lIl) lrri.lr]{I(l.r(l i,11c1rrp cl t.ilti-lt[(I trl
'r.ilr;)(,trrs l1.r lili){[ rlli)z.il] iil[lr-q lt.)oP i)tlr.t,)ln(l il.llrr l-rzlli)ilf.tJlr!.)s lns
'll.ills!ru rir:i)i).)u uI lzPill.llr:)s Js clo J;)J.il?oJl)'1ns r(r:1.r.rl| i)([ lr.nr{l.rJilr ls.r.)v
P,\ i]g

J.lIol.li).lrrr r:- rr.mor.rJrlils rr.l nlr:s,ri r?pi)z.r'rr rrlr'rrrirri[ ,i1ltlunrtrrflouJu.nr.troJJ 1I llr lli)
;rr.tils.)j lli(lltrtl rrr !znitl.iltus
'rrlrprl *n1rl illIrr r]il1.)rl.r\- ();l '51,,I ,,: ,rs t.til.)rt1t1:- tt.tltLrtI tl1tlCZ.Itf CJO.ntO,)([
J VN(I l?.rf[rJ url)'clelrJ crr'loJrrrs c.rl'Jv('lIlrrl;t)
-lrls rrg 'rlnrrl 1rrurr1ln ur 'ri lluJcrJll.nt nts

l.rlr].rnltu oslrJr_lrr';rrtrpur'1or tu$ r;1rrrplclorcI

llrl op Jrj rrn. olsJ r.rnJonrs nrlrr;rd rrloz,rr
.ntr'llrrn([ clll]rFJ op
lnllrrJollrru .lrT Inl'rolrqo cll'clse cllqII]nq
i)p lr.)ils!.r r.rn1!scj

1^rl.)p.rolilc il.tnlltluq 1n rs rrlcz;rn llrlsrJ
-allrtr{'rrrrlrsoj gnop
cIOo eJ}trrp ejuulsrp
cp oprrrelcp r.nr,lorrrs .rolsoot? uorur6unl

'cj.InJs r.lltotus nc ot.raj
-rrlr1 n.rlrror{."n1rI rrn rS rraurl T.rrrri)trs ltn
l.lrnrl(l i)l) lrrilrl rnrr o nl(hui)xo op 'clPsrrrr r.rlli)ours nr r.rn$nrI .pAn. oflupoEzJllnnzco,pr
uzulr 1so:rlr rrr'ri oolftrrr lll oJrlJ i)s nrr Bo.ror1i1 .r.rnzuo oloull uI
cl,).lrJ rr rJ) olr:ttr"toJ r.lrrorus'1rjr1 ocI'Boau
.r().\ i)s aio'r.ur11isci Enop alor cJ:lu! laolfrur B,t oJlrcorJ rS e11r: cp nrrn r.rerlbs
€T llleaz.rn ep rll:lsace purgI

'aruor.reJrrr n.rn1 pscf

lr.rntftfq tin"- od ?1ep o ri e.ruorredns rr.rnlpsei urnlglEq olsed 91up o F8€ol
n,trl,t'pltez.rll op InJr] rrr.rrT elerrno.rrl[fi lrrrs'u11u JP nrm ljuulstp L]lnntrru o
r:I i)llrlrs'r.rnlgsof Enop clsorv'O BJn'[l]1Iq rp elo.rrJ rrrp ri 3 lll:tcz.rn cp clir.rr.[
rl l) l^?lr?nl.roI l-rJuoI.rJJur n.rn:1qscj 'elrlrropr lrirltrro.r rrr 'pzucurJoJ os c.ruc qns
'qzuttl 1:.rn1ti"qo1 no q.rcor.ratlns urnlgsaj. !zl:rotr.roJ o.nlll 'e.nror.rorlns rr.m1 gsai c1u
r-r.lll!ll-r([ cp clc.rrT ]nIS fI r[c.rr] Jur'c.rRor.rarlns rr.lrlus^ci clr? tlncz.n'l el) olc.rlI
I ul-q f,' Jlo.rr,r[ t.rn5:n1d .rolsaou u a.rctlrf r1o o[) r1 l)orrr rl1lIrzo.rd.rr 0at '31,,I

'clr.rntolrr r

qzrlllrrJoT o.IrlJ lllloz.rn o-,r1rn.rtI i)lJ o.rllrr c1t.i.r1 'lIrlrnl,r.) n.rrTrrsir,rll lnun'r^rlrpo,)l)

r.rrritrld t.rrtop siii os roqzg.r I*lrloin o.1 ':rlr1 r.rgJ rrrjrlo os i)J{[np clr.rniAnT(I

alqnp lrnsnld .E

t.trrqrJ o *lplzJ.I lrr'tlsllcru ep r-ruruos:r.ri .rs rt' r?.,r(['1.r,)o,Xlttt*illi
luIl]cz.rn l^:zt,)l.rnrs os r.Io alIJ lrp 'r^rffun1 nrrrr r.ro polrlu op rJ r \ r.lrlconrs n.r;rrarI
lllr.)z.rn ltl pluutr.rtlttr u.rnFrl 'rcep i(l.to el " " t ap) c.ns.ri ?[ ]plrrr ol.ruoJ
-l^lrl:z-,I)i.rllJ.rlrnoIlsr[ni)oslur..i)l]Jroi rrirls.retrs.iolrir.rilroIrrlrtlrrl]o3]zc.rlnio,rr;rl.rrc1ln1etclr1ne.a)cp utlrr],)s ouri n,t os'J.lt.[.,1] 1lrlil.r
n',r.r1 'l.lri r1 'r.rnffr; rutrrdr.rrr lod e s lllp. zJn cl) efrsred r3 e1c.r1,r0rl
rrJ'c:lr?"rolo3
o1e1c1r1rll rr1
cIr.rngrll(l ii
'E;rffr:ctr nlrlru,rrc c1't 'o.reo1rt.i flTu rp ;llJZ.lr
{.} llJ ri,rl .ro-\ e.ntolriru.rn uerrnrj.rod ttt rur'.rri1cf1} u.rtlnsto;i'qc11u nlrltrlrl
i)lr '.).nrolnJ o.ll) ![uozJn o ll) u5e[ .rot 'Lrtrrrj.rorI J[Jun rI'lr.ttl 'qgn1 q1r-r11 lrp r(
Lrn:Jl.llr ill) i,ltr.lolo.) ll.rt1 't.tltaottts n.tlrtCtl'qzuOztltln JS l^r.)llP't.tO1nrl Oll Cl;lJJ,,
uLitlrr r.- url:rril(I rI! ls'J[oJnt:t u1 't.msn1tl rtg t* ttptt]nt ut r.toltb ap a1:tatl1

t1ltc'z(l.riirtliiritrl)rrr'r1i1l;r1lotp(fosti'rlitaurot sintolt(lil(orirIli:i"l. tlroi tru {ir'lrlrrtlu slllocnri. iar ilrtrr: Iir'r'lc
l:2 sau 3: ii. itr acest I'r:1. I'r'opor'fiir
1.rlrr; fortttat lrliuc). ial irr lriitltrrr'ir.
,lirrtrrI.lig'i .ilc1l2,.i.,t:tl,c1,rr.r,lrzzri,rirr1liiir L'girtura unrri
tsrc tlc I : I : l. (prrtlirlclc
rlorri lrirtrrtrrli l,rcutrrr lr,\;rlll'ir.11plt'ilrtr'ii 1i tlotr.ii l.riitirtul'i pt'tttr'tt ltlsitlttl'lt

It i l,cgirtrrla p)ntln ull plrrl rlrrlrlrr.
i.,,

irrIt't'iollii. Li1 lcgiitrrrii, atil- pcrrtrlr !esiilufa supcrioitlii (crLr,,irrlitr:). r rt qi
"pcrrtrJtt,aelcoiLt tiirttal'tc'rl,'iirttaittl,iei s(ltrirtirrIrct:gtca)t,tus'-irtsr'riltilllilz'oiroteudrartriiptsst.f-rl-l :
S-u Ir111-(]lrrs lqgritrrr'l lr'>iitulii t[c srrs (clLrciuli!c) r'u [cgiitrrrt !t'sirtrrrii

rlc.io-* (prrnt,ie);i s-a liirul artl,rr,it.itrl (s-atr rtrrtt.tl prtltr'tc[t: tL: lcg-ttt'r' itlr'
I'ir.c[9r ru.zdii sirplio,rlc pcstri lout{) lir:r'le rlc lriitrilrrlii alc Ic-slittrr'ii ittl'r'r'irtitrc,

lnilrrirtc {ru dottii lirrirrlc \ cr.ti(rille). ulzclii pcnlru stttucuLi. 11s1l'1rl irtlil
S-itr.t tl,'settitt lrurrctclc tlc It:glrc irlt: supori{)itl'il. cin([ 1rc srrlr o ltit til IrrIii
Irlcirsta sir lcgr', t'irrd pcstc o l.riLtatrrr':i

irr Iclioarti.

i1 Iigulri sr: r'r'rl,r cir rriir ttlirca s-ir .licLtt in rloLrl corl)tlli f i rttllrlllr'"
,.,rr'ptrl / perrtrrr rrlzt,irl:r srrpct'iortt'lt si irrltcrioalir, r'ot'1itrl /1" lltrtttltr ttrz,'itlit rlt'
nnior,rrli. Lt rllt:l1tlit. jos, s-a crt-t'tttitI descttul lartIuhr.i t[e t'artcIc.
0 sec{iune lfan-<t'r:r'srrLi arttii lii r,clc doltii !.csiit.irr:i silt Il tt itttrttttitlt
rlistarIii ula do al ta (irr lurrclio dc lnngiruca sulocurilor). Cine[ r'rrlitrrl rr tair'
ltzoirll pentru surotrrLi. r,'r'lc tlotrii tlsi'tt.rrli sc sttpitri, iar pe fata lor: l;rtrl
snrocutilc.'l'aielct snrocur;lol se J)oatc {irt'c Po rrizltoi. ctt lt n,'trlil crt t'r- rc
rrrisr,ir al.turluti.\', intro eclc dorrir ttsirtrrri, tlitr sc 1-roal-c Iacc;i irr -*r:r'titt tlt'

lirrisirt. (iu itjutolul rrrror tttagini spccialc.

.1. Diferite {esXturi eu legituri plttq

i11 j111111-stric sr: utilizr:uzii, trlr:scrri, LrgirtLrri tlc lrhr; pctrtrrt lcsiilLrri" r'lrl't'"
irl-r9i. sirrl slrl)1s(' rrrrlr o;rr'r'1[i i rl,, f irrisitfc, prirt r:rrt'r' i1i sr,lrirrtlri-r rolttplr'I

;rspcr:trrl clt: pIr11 pc t'itrc l-itu avtLt.
rlr.lctlornriuprr:oailtu.e-scl(o'(fri!tc,srilrclrrtl'i-rtt,rsrtltoplurtc.ri:tcs:prieii t1rt';1rli1r'lrr'lttrtlsrtt'iltirI{trr:'ryltrilttrr;l,rrli.rltcl,-rr'irti,t'tI
I)g;i

;rspr.r.trrl

it{ t4

t{)f : r.)lr.rnlfsJi lrJntlf,)ror(l r( 1?.ntlf,n.llS - 0i ,--

,)l(,ts(lo \ i)s (tllst,).)u r(ln(J 'TnJu.ll?,) lnlnl,)nn uulrlt([ l]]llllt lr.rtl!rs^i)i '[i].l lsu 'ti
,r'li.ti,r.t.rrtt i)s llt.u.l.',)lr.rll;){rurs,)ilt1.)s lu!,} nt1s.)1.)1.}li.r,)\ lo.)s.)s l)ur')'i)}tltIrli)rr
uui,rlnlIl l.l lotl :r.rtrl'rnlrrirrlrl oTrJnJ()lus lrzu,)trr.t()J.)s'.trJ ls.),)11 n'J

'i)1.) v\(['1r,; ,r.rr1,r1rrr{ i}.1(lrJ iltlr ill'rs.Ilnr[()lrr.rr-rl ilr1r r.rzll,iJl.l i):
r.rn,)()Iils rt.rlrr;rrT In.r1 .l 'i|.l1 ic.r:)tlI i)l) l^ririll)lr.)l o r{.)lr?lrlr(1sil.)l\J os-rl-lll)tlr.l').1 il{)r)

'rtrll:.tl{l lrtlrl ttrr rr.r;1.rrl 1:.r111';.,'l f;l --l.l

';r{'}.)llslf.Iz,)l) os lrr rl,)nsrl os'i)slt.rttrJt ils'J.ilJ,)l) 0e-g rrrril.r.rrhtII t-q.))nslt.I
i)s :rl [(lltlo\i) i)l] 'l?O ol)Olcttt o]t.rJTtl) rrL.rrI urjrJo ,rs L.tnlriO.t,rrrl il;) alO.IlrI,

'olIiJ.rotIl 1.lr1]outs'r^riu1 .rr['l.rr':

rrl)lrJ.ri.lJ:r;lrrSl ''olrl[lrloilr:lrt.tsl.ntr]cls;ltrltl.lzrEtu;tt:li.rrrrJ.lrU'1.1'rl1ruI.))llJru.dlpll.slIqll,llortl;lflfrI.^).r.'1lrrr(rrTzl,rr'.lr1l.rlrllorl,(.r)lo1ou-lr6)'^1llltl't,5t)l.rrr.r(,,1[rsdl.:r.r!lulllJsrrir)r(znr1.llrrloouprl)lr,r)r.lrrsrr1fit[r.nr;rrurll|r)

lnJDrea PlerJrJrlrP FuuIff .u.t

'!.roeu0tI i).rlloltlt 'rl )
'lrll|ilrq rrr ;)lgJS(roA es rodD ts clso.lll(f,| os r:rnJusoi 'rrnr11r.11ss rnlnlrole uc.ruxrl
,lnl)O.r..(IllulrrJSJorJ.irl{PI'lrrttorl.t.rJirltIT?O.ltllrBsrrrsj?rlOqorlir))nsqtIlitlotrrrl.u[rllolr.[rIll?stcl-trllolll.lptrt)t,l.)or]1ri^1lorSt'rILl,r\)rtin:I,'[(rul].1'r1ro,.r3).;1rtrtlytst:clrli.))t.llrlI-r)?rI.ItrIldtn,urit):o)cn.prI1.lrulE)t drilr;.)rurrJtrleor_clUrrrq,troci
Jll'rlr i)lJroI iIpt?rJeolslroflrBr Irrn1l-l.*rlrTrl.Pln1i)Iltr!(l[n)oJ.r\l.l)tl luls ri Itl1il 9.rP r:.rttrrirrtrl nlr
:rlrrnroruq'T:6 ti r.nl:lolils l.r.r]ui)cI lrrll l>r l^lTr.ilrollr
.lrlilnrT rlllrz.ll .r.rlrrrp tr'i.rorlo.r(T'(t;at f'lt) ltttrttt tittl;r.rtl n.) rtIIrll,)tlu tut)l(l
lrl nut ,).rr?al {n1rI rr.rnlrrSJI ili t.illltsJi o ,)ls.) rnlllllJlsll r-llllr.)rJIl.lu l:ltnll[[

UPqBI}EE PIEICIII}IE PUDIS 'T''

lrrrrr.rrl n',r.11.1rr11 op;l rrirr.rlrl(l tn.tr['o.ttt:r itr;rT tttt'lJtrt1nttrtzo.rp.tdll,u).lIl(f,[eTo/l')rq1rt,t,1[:rorlstt

'lrtlpollr.rrT

1.lnlr1rrr.:rl.nfi:l.lrruIrIr'1riIlilti)ll.')lr.t.rf.:I,n]'.rrsJ,r)ricliolllloor.rrr[,lrilllttlot.sroJJ,lllo"rrl.lt).,lIrorrllsol.rtri,{rptl[(6lttllpllllilrl,llll({ltr,ur1lll';onJ.rit-tc.tu's..r[tl

;,lrr;rrl irr lrulatii 1i lrtrrrlt'rL ca olt:( tltl rlc r'itlacul sri rru tl i-s1tat'i:r, sr' lirrllrl
;rlrr;trl sc rlci';rtr'rrzir. l,rrrrgirttcir stttolrrt'iloL t'stc tlr i-l{) rrrrn.
ti
l.iS. ,.l.2il rr.llrlcrzi,'1,i ,, [cgirttuit t:or-cslrrLrtziitortLc I)L)ntlrr rrrr 1,lrrs r:rr lulrrll
:r'r'l i u rrlrL rlirr Iigrrlri I'r'1r11'7iv1tii trt6lrrtia I'i1r'l1r rIg tLrzlitlit 9. l0 \i // rrl'
irlr',r tti Ir' sirtrrti, irr litt't' :r' r iitl -qlir)(:urjl(j tiiiatl si rrr.t;rirrtr..

lJiS. llL l'lrr,r ss aslr,ct rl, lrLLrrr,rrt'.rlul. |;g ll; l,r'griltttri tr'ctttttt trtt ;,1it- , irllr, rrl.

1i ['r'opolliu rlirrtle rrrzcala Irulrn: ttl'a('grunlriitt,ta.1li -;li| Lrrzcalir lrclrtt'lr :iliotrilli. ('illll
intlc lrirtirtrLrir 5i ti.jc t'ste. lcgittrrrrr
: I. (lir tc irrlt'r:lrrrirt.

!r'itzii Lrg:itrrrtr irirtza. r'ipstrI sitrt l('girttl|il l)itllr.tlllit.

.1.J. Lcgirturi si tchnologii de fabrica{ic pen{nr covoarc

(lotout'r'lc s('pol lalrlir'a in trtiti tttrtltc trrorlrrli, t't'lc nnri rrrrrllc rlintrt'r.lr
Iiirrr4l .l3e.1s.llrCrloi vrottarleegcirututs'irm1orlLcr1tl.rilllnrleictdaitacterl,inSilrilrrt tip lirrr.
rtctiiiitttt, r:tt rlt'os,'lritc ttrl:t'ulilizcitzii,.in 1rlrr1, si lrsii{rrli '|rIr: r.rr \nro(.ur.i
o rrrzculu rlc LrrrrIlrrlll'aL Fiur

Iritt;tlttt'ir irrlt'r'iolrt'ri" (l('{)lu'r'('(' (,r)'
\ ()irt'{'lr lt'r,irrril r:r ii,, ltiti st'(,.1-r.

l'ot'Iirrnclr rIirrtlo Lrlztli cstr, rlc
,rlrir','i" I : l. : l. iur irrtrr I'ilr.lc rl,'
lriitiitrrrii.,ll its,'nlr,rr,'iL I : I : I (r, lrrr-
litttrt'it irrlclioalir. () I('r'g('u si ,r lrir.
liil rt'ir su pclirilrti).
Irig. z126 rcpr'(.zi11tii e llrgiitrrr';i

Ir'ntt'u r'{)\ oilt t' r'tt -ntr)r'ilt'i ttr.l;tiltlr'.
l)r'r'( tull pi o sct'!irrrrc l,rrrgiturlirrllir
itr ttlt'itrIr-t !r''it(ttt'il. itt
t'itt't' .t' \,',1,'
r'r oltrtiir I ilr-lor rl,' ttrz,'llii l. l. .'i ti L

4.3.2. Covoare cu smocuri td-
iate. PcrrtlLr illlstc (ro\ ()irf(. sr. rrlili-
zcazir a, r'lasi rtrirtcliui r:r ptnllrr lo-

\ otlt'clr' oU sill()(lrri ncliriiltc. 1,il r,,,-
1'q11','lc icf tirrr.. nrz('lla plrrlru
snlo{rttt'i l)oit[(' fi lolntlrtir rlirr Iir','
Iig. l:l(r. Llrrrlrrri lnlltttr un lo\rlr ('il stll\'r'l:ll rlc irrla. [,rrrtgirtrcir srnrlr'rrril,,r'" lrr lr-
t:r'stt t'o\ oitt'('. c-!t(! rl,t 5--10 lrrtrr.
rrtiiiirlr..

ii(xi

L()f:

'.It r]9,t.)rl .).r P0,\ 'rr.l '!lll.rllllltl .){ll'l llltl
-0.r tr.t)tl,rl t.llrl,r,\ '()il ill).).il.1 llrs l_r.t(lr.) i)l).ll(l fzll,)ztltllt i)s 'oUtJ O.n?oaoi)

JqP il.ilrr.r(l ';u.rr.r1.; rrl ';l.li) lotrlcir'frnl.)lni qrr11 ltldttlo\i) oll
''tl.ill.r)'llltsl,l)?.r..I)r(rFr I!s.t1.lljrJ!,),rtl(l[1() .)[) 'i).nlru llt.]ltl
i)ls^c ,IOlt.iltpoU ilir ljltrI o-.rlurl)
IltllI.l,)llrIt-
'i ),Illol il, )

#+1+ tit:.r.r.t'tt ,)l) t.tnP{)lt lt.} .t() \O.) rtt ,r.rrtIfl.trl.).t ,)( U,)s.)J)

lil [) ir.n]of l.) .r.rP.).)lT I .t<l \0lr :rl l)ou trrrrrr c;ttntrl*,r.r
-o;) lrJs.)l) rtrp 1.rjrr.rlr:rI u '.to \oal ut r.tnl)ou :lrpo.lrl.r.r
os c.r'u.) grlrrp 'rr.rs.rp rrn I zllJztlr:l n i)s cl.),lr([o ,)(l

f
-'ro.rlnrprlourl.oaepuopl u.rrJ.lr.u) n6(Efnpolloplrnurtso)s
ltorr ur;r r$ r^:zugcl lJltlt-rF
o :rolll]o.r'l UI c:-
rr.rn1p1p([
gu'r.tlr:li-l|(r()tlsual:.lrI.llr)rsjl)luIstI.rr:rcrottrll,hlrrlI,.ltrltuollrlr'irr-.unlrrr3Jcnrsrrq.)oo.nn?i.)rJp1gu(.dJrrn.Itu|)rarlr'r.'rlt1-tccIIzGIn.r.lIr-qollIosuroI.)ln.rltrrtrlsior,po\rll.lor?rrJrrcSrlrFuIrIr1!nrl..rrorlTtlltr-]3Tllluulroolzz.o.rrr[tr]
.'l)llr)s.ir).[).](.liliJ)pl)toftlJlutl i)s : IJI'lsr? os.rj c'- [n.ro,\o') 'r-:lrlrn]r ol) nrrs !rrlurt oP .tlI rrll)
u[ .It.'r 'Jsc.IrlslrT rrrrlurn(l Irrp 'rJOrqrl cp 'trr.llrlq
';r1:-lr r]lr?Jz.rn
.,1) i)li)JP() \o.) lrr[ 'i]ur>-.rixI .Iolc.rBo-\()c tle.ilrJr.trlr:T uI oJr:ztilln 'Jlr.rcJll) l.rr]l)orr ro.rl
r11 rrLz,r.rrl;r.t :r r* g 6Z{, '3r.'1 'our.ro1 elr.rcJrl) nJ,\u lod rS r^r1u.rzrn a1r cllr.rrl orl
,)llr\lJ luJs Jlt.rrtl)"otN'Jlll.rolo:) T.T1r.)ours rrlp Jltlur.ro['r.roln, ollllrrr nrnr rrr oilo,)s
'.nlrrl.)'illts al'rsr.lrl'ilct.tlclttrs r.nlSIJ lil:s.).\rlottr rul r.illl)ou nJ {).ur().\o,) Jllnltl

rrrlu r1o,) '(err.rftrrq ep o.reo,ro:i) euesJad nes lJnpou nJ ereo^oJ'€'€']
'olrzJn rI l?

,)l) i)lunrur qzn;rsc,rffcp os lr;)lsJcr'lrtr1 rtt.rd orrlq rrlttl !lrl([Lr.rl)- ns- utru?s({o:l
t]:) l.tltr,)J '.)[aJt]to ri rJnsrlld ul PJ 'rJnaouts ll,llrrod l?luJz.rlr ctl ltttr.ttluu
,)s i)lr.rolil:) J.rllJ lll 'a1t.to1oc l.lnocrT ri o ttl()uI Jll.r.lIrP llr i).lPo lo;) Lrls-lIiT

'JllrrII rsi .rlerIlJrr r.rnJours UIP oluttr.loJ I lll]{)llIc il.,l
r.rrriirl rr;r .ro \('J rnr n.rturd e.trttqf;.t.I BZI 'il..I r.) .lo \o.) rrr"rrlrIrl!.rllrt.rrI q:.nr1r^r,r,r'1 ']lt

'/1. Ill \llolU l.)l)olu lt.) i)s-il1)Uiltl .ltlltlil.).r\r
t:.rrrltr;-.r; 0 t'1tttz.r.trllr.r o.lllj) '{}GT' '""!.1 ul !ll:.lll c{ 1ilil.) r:iP '1.111;1''...).r,) n,) :)ltl
r:'1r.r'.rp,r1.ru.r{'r1 ltlr'.t(}.\oJ rgulJ.)n rr1 'purirrrutla.rlrrg'r.trrir.l clt.lJ.l tl} culir[r)
lorl .rs ',)lr:r!rl r.ur.lolrts rlJ i)IJ.) u! ri ulnJ 'JlrtBl.rrt l.ln.rouri rrJ ir[.).lllo \oJ
'.)lllilrl r.tnJorrrs 1r.) J[.).rlto.ro,) llI fll,zlltln sJP l^r.ilrlBoqJ1 o qlurzrr.rrl.r.r 16;,'5r,4 uI

rllr,ll,grr,irriulrg1tlrr4i,rlri.rti3iaiilj.rl4:trp':r.,iiriir11lCriorzlo'rir,1ivi.iot,(liiciuiaatsrur,ei,rliirtr,ltj,i.rer',l',ln,,irrrpilliliirif,erti'rrzs,ricr(srAluiiririext,ritlrmit:zrtirtl,riglton,'attl:lszttrtrtirreirlirrrrtr)piirlt.rrcnIAIiaiiriretr'tt.extitbstl'cntt:ctlirbelsitc(rpo'no.lr\il-rcltro'liaf'li2iluc.'c0'eF.t:-'tiii{rtlgr).uot"to.lcs'iit0ttrl,lltlco'zrclr(to'lt'lti'rbplicliriiicctlltizctl'riitirtti,lgtt'ttiii'oiri,,
irpui se ttage irr spatii ulr grrr;r rlr: l-[i lirt'.

rrirrrI tl trpti trltLr[" sc lasii castr tt'l(] goalc 1tc o rlis-

tiruIi dt: .l 5-20 tntn, c[upii tlitr'c so l-l'itg rIirr rrotl
itr s1-ratii l-{l I'ilt, rlt: rtrzt-'itlii. in itt'castii trl'zt'irlii
rc Jilt biitritrrli tlc rlifcriltr errlori, tlitttr-tttt trrrt-
tcliirl lu Irrt'itr" tlc olrict,i, Iir rlc tttolritir :ittl rl(l

sfE-

lris. I.i0. liir clrt'rrill,"

[il1i scr ie[. rrrirtitsg rrltrrrirlii. pap. raiort" firc sirrtcLic() ('ttr., olrIinirrtlu-s,r, it-ttf el.
r) lcsiitnrit la itt st,lrt'ttra tl in iig' Jiil.
l:lllosi1,l o ilstalatir: osbpleirrciniadlriir.-s!r,''.siltsttt1lc1l,scIlltiritigir"rgi.r.rtrslt6(]t.:r(tr'i:tirltct ..llilr'ratrarrtic.ilorctl.
siigr:ti. irr rl ir.r't.tiu rrlzclii. r.rr srttot'rrri in arrrlrclt: prir'Ii. I'l;iil,' s(: rilstt('('s('"
,,,," ,,i1,..r :r fir.c il,' ,,rr,'ulii. jcrrilic. ('ilr'{"l'it fi at'opcrit ( ornpl{]t dc stnot'urilt'
,,i,riuirr,l ,,-r,'. 1-.t{e[. lrr {ir
riu'(' s(' a;lzii irr spilalir.
'!'r'siittrlilt: ionilit sirrI trtilizttt'. irr lfarii tlc co\-oilrc, 1i pcrrtlrr pcrrlclr'.
rrrrr:t'tttt'i. lrr'()soitpc. ttlsatrlli rlr'corirlirt'. lrosr)tr', 5altrri ttr:.

5. lesdturi cu bucle

\r'r'slr, (t':irtut'i s(' rrrrtlt('s(' tstIr'1. tlt't,itt't','t' Ir'r'ziltii lrttt'lr' 1rt' ltttlrtlr'. {r'ltr
js1,trlr,l.,rrir,.r,rrrrr,1r'.ri,rll,rr,r',i.s,1:irr,rt,,"9l'crrf.lt,u,l.ii,.,o,,'\isI,prr.,rlir'trrur'olirtltrorlg..ilccrlsrilrlcrlrrtlarr'itrlcocrr,r,l'arrrtlitIzlrt'tirtriclslirtct isntct_trrirt:siittpt'tiottttrlttttitilttttttitil ltt ltr:t'llt itl
1i It'sirllrl'i
itct'rtt'it. l,rr
ii1,,tri,rirt",,,r.,.1il,r,tr'lI,irar,l..las(lri'r.lririrrrItinitsrrr;,r"rrlrl.rtc'ssttta'r'iir"lirlriltlrlcrtltiri lrf{' )rtlllrizirrcrlllilirrrst'ilrctt1tlclilorIisrltltltt{'iotlr'tirtltirtr
l't'tc llt' tcsir trrlii.
:uu l'llciig1.141n:li1lr'lc rtprczirrtri lr:giittrla rcsiitrtri lrullatc. r'tt lrttcl,'1x: ittttltr:1rr

rrrrci
rii irrrl rrrlrr'rtqa1,lg *istr,rtrg rlr' {ilr': o lriitritrtrir. o rtl'ztrala frrrrrlitrttctrlalit'
t.rr crrrcirrlilt'). o rrrzt'ala pcrrtt'rr brrr'ltrlc tlr' -itts, clcci pc f r!a tcsitluri i
'lliurr1riir.eatri r.rr piitrtifclc lrlirrr') Fi 9 trrzctlti ltt'rttru lrrtllclt' rlr' .jot. i1l1'f rllr l)rl

(rrrar.gltii

rlosttl lcsirttrlii (rnllt'a tir crr ptrrtcLr'). lrirtirlrrri tllsr'. ctt o t'ttt'sli slttltil lt
() ttrrrr r[r' lt rrltirrrir lrirtalrr|ii (irr
r ii l'r.rrtrtr.fot'ruar.ca Lullclor:, so tcs 1r:r:i
tirlci ; rr1r1i. srr lusir rrn irrlctr al tlr' 5-l
l'rrrr.li. rlt ilral(irrlctl ll{'1'('silt'it l lrrrttlrrl'r'): stl Ics' tlitt ttttlt" trt'i lrlrtirtttri' I'arrl
sr'rrt irrrpirrsr: rlr: sp1tii irrlirrtc. lilrgii lr:'itiitrlriltr rlil grtllrtrl ltftrt'r'tlcttt. tlt:'ritt'tt'c,
in lolrrl lr.iitirt lrr srjg-r,atu (lig-. ,l:i2). r irtal a :lrtr o (rrlrsii hrngii.
(lirrrl yr'i lal1 1r.r. I crrrsir lrrrrgli. srrIrrl tlc trlzr:ala l)cntrtr lrttllt'rlt'slristitt'ri,

'itt tttorl islllotttitt. 5-l 0 tttrtt t.tLztlitlil |r'trtt'tr btllle'

ii0E

608
!llr[Jtl([ I,ilrll]>^Ji o tlrtrr.]rI r.'ll:ll]r rrrrqJs 'tfl 3lJ

Itr,ttlttr-ull[) cd 1zr:.r1o11 c.ruc'lr1:tnt1 rt.rlLrecl ljlu.fzJlt o u]urnrr'zuJ:ls,r.ru rrr.JS-lrl,ruz
-.)rl1f ri1lrrrb'rrru.rzrurlcr7zsr.lrrljrruclsit::lJrraagc.rcnJEJuur"r-inoclordurruuuInguzru1.(li
urrr.rol locl .r"- JIJlJrr[[.r.r'r1q5c1
p.rn1gEa1 nus sdr.r [n-Jlur 'r,,lrt1o
.)p,u.rrr11;qq nc r^r5u.r1 (cj11nr.n.rc rro

'1i.rRd rlrtluru ;rtl clrturl tra

'!l!'.r1.rng u-.ru1qsri o u,rlrr.ttl !.rnuFJ'I 'U flr

-.rn ruloal'..)mr)lqolJ.ruuru'(t.ln'rrru1rn[ lgalseciqi,r1l nqsd,rl)_ru.r;.rrtlno-dr

rp

-uJli o{[ u.ruor.rl(lns Jlelcnq rut]uod !rloz.llr
ur'tulolJ ur.rr[ 1uru.ro3 nu-s u;rr11g:-ai rjt.1
atl aP a1;1.[t([ cRSr.r;)s.rp tsJnlEFol trI

';rrepc'uc.rd prtln.r8

p..!tr11 r.rl uds c p surtlurl Bcu! :f sol ll-rr
rJnllilq([ op Jo]ljnr.rn ptln.ri o.)r.luoop
'.t[,rtttl ]t'tu.roJ rru-s rnr rrrnrjo;s rolsoJr:
-rrrrrrt-i:.ru1rrpor.ir).Jrtrl.nrsnlguleBl(,[rtq:t5luu11I'l'uuclupralsccru.rdostlrnrrrll
-tt4 ]so] nu i)JuJ 'r.m1g:y r.3t1 ro.r1 lnsc j
nu-s oo tAdtntp'5irllJelatrnrcpf ]Bnrro] .nu-s
Jpo,t i)s rcunljlos u1 run,)

r.., ) fruro,surl rlurs ;il'#It "iiXi:ll

'i,[r n.) I]up o'13 p.ntlglprl ap olJ.l]
pttltti).tlttll'e11uyo1clt uctr.3rtl1c.rcl rrr llrTl
;lslrl)lr l:' clurrorfcu 1u1s "pFun1 ls.rno
o l.r.)lrJ Is ulpl B1 uJ .rusooJlr olsJ puje
!.rtlllll: '.).ltf ) 'e l)- y cl.rs.rrtl rurP Blnrllrlu clsJ rJIul!].\ rll,rrtl'r[)nq ut r.nr1lsoj

rr.rJtt.rrI r0tlzLr.r tlI 'r.r1u 1 1't tl ;r.ntuolj;)rruI cp lil[]olr'roliJ)lu)JdJ\ prsmutr:(quIs,rr'irl]i ul

l1our1 .rp

ful.r urI !zr.)tu.roJ ,r.tt:;r'u1nrn.r.f1r {il:Is a)1,]lr(I lr.lluJ([ u1r:.rz.rrr l)utu,r.tltnl',r1rrrnu1
lj")Jttllllt l.llIl !l!jr([ ill-i.).1u',rrtullrrrl Iltu!.lJu! [)uilJ f|]lU.)unrpunJ llllrt)z,til.

('unI lczuItir rl irr lcgriLrrla rl irr fig ,,'1,t],1 irrtr'c f irclc rlc urzcalii I -- l7 (nlru.{.r Io
t'Lr rii t r::i1 clc lrli ne) .
l
Lrr toir tc trsiitrrrilc cu lin,rirl ir'ra sc Jace in r[ouii ('ol'l)uri. itcle crr
lrur:lc

f ilc pt'rrtnr Jrnt'lc liind rnontato iu f afti. 'l lirgc.rr:a ln spatii se r.a {acc pc

lirllorturi. Srrhrl dc urzealir al f ilc-

lol pcntru liullc cstc rctiorrrt rlr'
urr regulator. cafe r]ebiteazri trr',
lrig. 43J. Leg[tuli pcntrtL o 1esiittr1i b nr:lir I ii zr)itllr pcrrtftr buc]c irr rtrotncilttrl

riinr[ virta]a plinlc-qtc o curfsir
luugt. l)entru r:a lxrclclt: sri nit
se pr'eseze, Iesiturr se tlcpr.rnr:

pliat:i intr:-o crrlic, srrb razboi s:rrr
se ilr f iiFoarii clr rninit.

Sulrrl lrrrr: tra.qc tesirturir lir
ti inzestral" cu ace. tol ltcntrtr t'lt
irrrclt'1,'sri ntt se preseze.

Filel: p,rntm urzcala {rrntlir-
lncn[.ali"r -qint din butrtbae, {inr' 1i

rirsrrlitr:, i:rr cele pentru brrcle. rlin

IrrrnrlncrrI ltidrofil. r'tr torsiurri ltr-
rlLrsc. lliifr-rtrrra poatr, fi un fiL

sirnplrr din hrrrnhac.
'J't'srilrrlilc buclate sint rrtili-

zalc penlrrr lralatc ile liaie- pro'

-qo{lll(' ii t'u't'cr:tttLi.
La lcsAturilc cu brttrlc se ltot

1'olma f iguri 1-re o f llri sllll llc atll'

lr,'lr, f, tr'.

ln fig.4,ii.5 se aral:i tnorltrl

curn so iolttrcazii cltrouri irttr'o Ir:-
sir turii litrr:llrtii. Iu set:toart'le I

qi -ll" lesalrIra atlc ltttrllt: tlttrtrni lttl
fu!ii" rleoArccc, ut'zcala l)elltltl
l.rrrcle (rnarcalir crr p.itrtilcle plinc)
fLrteazi"r deasttptla, iar ftt scc[olr'

I ir T,r'gir{rrlir pcntlu o 1r'sitinii lrtrr'lr1i tu relc,I1 qi 12, 1c-ril-rtril csto nctr'rlit.
{igLrli pirlra tr:. {iirit ltuclc,qi irrycrs.

ti. f,esituri gaz6
'['t'sirt.Ltr.ilc gazt, rlilcr'i] rlc Icsii trrr'ili: stuil ittc 1'titrit ltcttttl. irttrttt it I'ir'i'1,'

,1,' rrr.zcnli nu sint toatc parrlclr. r'i o llartr: dintr'r: cle i1i sr:rlrirttlrri lrozitiir.
lrr'r'rrr:isirrrlu-sc urt Iilclr ilc urzeali irlitttrr'att:. legind Ia tlreaptt;i lir stirrgrr
l,rr. i.rr {ilclc de ltiitattrrir I der:i, r:ltr sirtt. irr acelaqi 1irnp,9i lcsute. ;i implctitr:.

l'ig. {36 r'cplczintri schcnta unrri" riizlroi pertru o lcsatufa gtz(i. I:ilLrl
stiltionlr s estc niviidit lrlin ita statiolrari-r Is. itpoi trecc ltrintt'e tloi coclt'{i.
rlintr'r clrL'c unul e,qt{) firal pt: o ilir clirt fali If " iar rteli'rlalt, pe o iIa rl:rr
,rpltr'1.s7r. in{r'c ar,r'lti coclcti csto aianruntit.ul jtrlrritate cor'le1 ,fr,'. ttitl:r'. itt

;110

II8

ir''rr11l13)1rrI'l-c((iultlou,iurltull1l:[)ltrnnup.flurprJ.or:tuslrlr,p'rF'.lrrA.rrudulrl'or)u./oq;IraouniucllusJlsooJlIsrIeicneJJIelBnshoJJ'rprruJnorsldnuol1c.Ffrlrrrou4Jo'1!9us,.EFrnucus11pul1pJ]IsrlBroqoqluolus1ouli)!roue'IBlJrnrrnqr.rrrpolnrorI[rr,r$rru;lrclIornrrrr(prrlorrotsJ]sunrru:liJul'niltnr-crrrJ.irrrl)rtoJpl.)Jrrc.',JjIr1cnell.Js1r.ono]srJ.:tl,

r.rllurrJsJp n,r;rtrtI rt1.r1r1 cd luluazl.nl '.,2rt' r.tnl!lsJl r.rrrn t:irrJ:r\^ .1gt tl,,l

r.r'g6g u.rn.8r1 urp lnrzr:3'ggp'5r.4

I

7

o

f

J

I

/

p
J

q

'ozuE rrnlqsoi nrltr;d roqzq.r rnrrl BnrJrlrs 9tf, 'FJJ

.UsJ I

-e

tls1

i

U

rJ

'./'.r.lll tlll .r1t sof itr slr,rl ol)-J c.ru;) 'IJJsnJ Lrrt or.[ c1 nxrJ ]u!s ttodu ! lrlcrls rrrlr
uir .rrl .)[) nrltrlJlJ0,) llln['J{r ur.rd 'o,rrFun[il.r(l ]lllrrluo;r .rtr 'gir; urp u jr od op
rrl,l rI lllllr,l)l1ir.)uoitlll't?tlrtl/,rt[rtc{trotr.utti ilJJJl 1;Ur-t J.n?rJ C.IIIITP'S0l trI r.rrirrrtl.r.rtl l^rrlol) J.ru li)[t();] i)l)

InJrJ'lJp!]At?r-t clsc c.ltu ttt,rt[';,tttril- o r).n]'sns op trir;..rrrrl

l't'rrtlrr rr lirlitrr iirrrl urolril [rr rln'irpttr ]irrrltri slatiortttr'. sc lirlilii ita /s7r.
lirr'c rirlit'a ('u silr('si.irrnriillrtct rlc t'or:lr'I itt t'itltr cstc rri'rtarli{ l'ir'rrl rrrolril.
rl'r;trirtti'rtrrrr.jlLirr"ngIttclllrtlrrlllli]rrPirttilrituIiltrlrllrrriil''r1'riarIi;oi rrut t'.palrtrr:alo.sstttrrlt'tlo1rrcrrftiiatir.trsct[tai$ttitrro,ittrlltrLr.ct' it rll)ttl

La {csiil-uriLc gaz6, astlel obti-
nrrlr', slrirot:peoler:tniarollnri1Lrrccf-iqrteclerlr-q'tla-:Iiol.-
Iralt:
d rlct'i clt au o -qrrl)r'al a!ii rrrril:ol't:tit.
b l,l,' srrrl irrllrlrrrirrlirtr' Plrrlrr -il{'.
c f iltlr'. r'iirnir;i ;i pcrdclr'.
d tl lrr'l l,r',,,lrrc,' !r'-it lut'i q.rZr;

7 {rL1 asp('('t rtrai Yari:tt si clriaI r'rr
0 Iiguri. lt calr: lrroporIia intrr: Ii-
rnobilt r':lc
5 r'clc statiolrarc Sjl:i ccIo la crtt't'. in
4
3 tLr 2:2. 2: l. Ji ;i
2 alirr'ri rlc itr-[c stationare si itr'[,'
rrrolrilc. s(' mui irrl.r'r:buirrtctzir si
ite rirliciikralr:.
7 Tcs:llttl'ilc gitzrt ir' t't'l)l'r'zi!tlit.
dc olricci. intr'-o sclritir c'r t t't tl irr
AB liif l.il. rllrr' :(' [)r)l lrt'r'zr-tt[.r .i
pe .lrirtiii pcntln tlcscntrtulir
t'io. 1i:i9. Sr,hilr (:1;,"i rlcscnnl llgnltrlii (/i) rr
rrrrli l':ilrrli grzll
( I'ig-. Li[i
rlr'r'uIpulu.figilr.4,I3a7l,rirlattitbrilr'tt:i2tu.r:lirr.a-g/.ir tonte ). grottri) Jt'agii lir
filclc mobilr: sulrlilc):
(linic
la sl'inga firulrri staliotrar (linic
itllr: /./ ;i /.s7r rlirr fic. 4ii6 -sc lirlicii aIternlti\r. l)ollIru a dt [t'salrrrii rrrr

e

I

a
d
b
b

d
d

t-

B
Iig. 410. Lcqittrra ppnllu o lcsiltllri sazerr :
'4 - schila lcsiittrrii ; B * clcsenur legilurii cu nirviclirea si cartclclc.

irllslc[]lcrpctla. .mjlari variat ({ig.4ii9), la IritatLrra l. firrlc nrolriLr iurpiu'r'lr',irgii lrr
cclc l)nfc, Ia -qtillgir {ilrrlrri slaIiorrar; I)('nl-rrl 1ilclc rrrolrilr. inrlrur'r'
sc rirlit'ri i1u /.sp. iitr pentnr {ilelc rnolri Io pare sc riclicrr i1t /.[.
1n {ig.4:10, la lidtritur:ilc /.2;i ,?, filrrl rnoliil / se a{lii la rlrcirlrtir. iar'
iinrl rnobi I 2. la stingt f irrrlrri -qtttionar; iir hiitiitrrr:r 4-. tnihllr' I'irr, ltirgii

:312

i, ta,

'gtt '3lI rrt cPO,\ cs mno
'll[r:rirur llrirzo{l rl rrrc],r.i).l r? op o}ilnrrrr'JlulL?ulllI rS o.rrlo,r o r:r .nlil[J lcu] Us
ii)l.ti)l:o)(zl l1r:ni.ilr..,[n'l1J,lTst.r)i'5J1sIJurur nl]ulu,l)rrsilzloU.Il(lIraj.rIrtol lsuirllrIz.torl(lTlr'su.]Ii op I.r.[]sR o i r:1.rltuor) e.rrloJ
i)ur.tJ.r J.luJ ljdnp'.ruuoriu;s
nrltt.t t.l lll.rrll rrl foelli).I11! lr.tttl o eJuI lrqotII lll.ltJ e.IuJ BI '92tfi c1r.rn1Bsa,i,

"o.rrl rt.r zrlJ r.rnllsJl rJun 'r'7(:fI)Z ali.Iod ri (;..) rirr1,r5 'et'1, jdt,iI
u.rn1pBc1
I Y

p _t

lq

a -tH

.'ix).Ir.lto:r.ltrzlr1ourllq'nultni)rlrrrttair.9I zrsu'3clru.rlrgtluprsnalj' tsc.mnu as lznr?t o.n?l urp'cluruttg o-lnlu u c.nf,)
crl rurunlr -reuorjuls rnlnJl] InJnI rr! olSoloJ es

lr(lor-tl InJrJ'.r1ur1ttr1s rrzt5 alr.rulqsol u1 'r21a1rltuo.t aJ,loJ itJ tt:uF t.nr1psa,i,
'llrnlrSrrlo r3.m1qs,ej o nc gzuli 1.rn1r3s.rj u1r orilrrrrl
-tuoJ o trl) r.rroJlt.) lrlu.toJ rr1 '6 : 6 uri.rnclo.rr[ '61'1.' 'ir1
nu-i- []I | '.ir; ur;r uirrl.rs

-.rrrlr'.rrl rt.r zud q.rulpsrf o u4ur,l t?l)tll.,"r1ig.f ri (7) rlrr1.r5- ll,l, .s!.,I
SV

iltlr u!).) il1 lrr '1 :6 urj.rodo.rd 'Il-lr '.311 rrrp :rzuil t.rn1rr.'oi u1 ,n1tfrtl,r-ro op
:.rri.totlo.rrl l^rlllr l]lll Jluod oi^'1rr.tuA ttlltt l)JtIsu tttl tt.tllttslj trll u rr.rluccl 1o,1
J'l:lroJ il)l)tl.'r[ls'o2.ollti([oIril 0[i]D ri
c.ru[oriu] b^ olJJr] i).tlrilp rrri.rot[o.rrT '12u3 r.rrrlqsuj c]t^.r;-)t:
cIrrlonr
r[cJrJ cP I r.rcJrl] qliucl 1, rir t olrqour olo,rrj 's^J.r,rur

'l'csirtrrlilr: gitzr: { rr r'oIir'o cotttlrlt-tit si rrrr o lotirc 5i .irrrrrirtrrtl s(l [{'s gt'('u"
rlirr cltuzt Ir'cciilii pr,cu urirli tliutlc f irc.

I"ig.,J.l6 rcr|r'r'zirrtii r) 1(.sirllu'ir guz'i specialir, 1ir ttllc Iir.r,lc rrrolrilc sr.
irrlt'trt'ist'azli atit ltr lilcle statioualc si crr iriitiituriIr', t:it ;i irrtr.t: clc. rl]rr r,lrl
r irrrzii sr: lLllnelt.c l-(.sii Iln'ir gazd dl$li.
rrti,iizLaart!l.ts'ti:itteirrdieclucgirlrl.:rgr ilLitrrgriitzo,Lf,i;,iouliols-cilrl(ipr-isnczra,lildciasgpo1'aclir.l,(,',r'ecp,,est.c1.i1).r,isl c,l,li),ort
irnlrotlolri tcslitrrli le ltlin cfectc gitr,c, in cilt'(j clz le,siitrr la prrle lii cstc lrlorlutii
( lis. '117), tlitr cart: t'czrrltii o lstIol rle conrl.rinalic. S-a rlcst'nrr[ ,i l,'sittrrlrr

r!-
rl

t, tig. .1,113 Schila (,1) ;,i ltsilrrra (1i) yntru o l.sirtulri gar.f cu Iiguli in

cllourr.

fl

;-il4

a:T o

',)zu3.rr,J un lrJ nl..l nl(rrP lrrzut q I. nl.,l
f;ilr\.')'!'trnuir([(' !.n11!sr.i.'||

p
pc

q
p
q
e

'.rJqrI uc.rd otrse FluP !llB Jl]t 'SullIrI ucJd olSJ l.IO.)trn OJOJBOcf

.i)tgnr^un I al) O.tt)oJt)sltA(lutoc ?l? o-tlur.rcl rS l rpg.rr^rtt Jlll[[o.l:] It([ottt llrJII - li
i 1r.la1rp lizBo:lJrtos os ooJ.IlloaP 'glrqour l?[l]tz.In n.tlrrctI
n,tlttod Inun 6qluaz.In cp rJn[ns In] llr
(-ro1 to.rt$r3n;Icul J;)rlJ 3lllod cs
u.rrruurjuls t?[uJz.rn ?noP cJBSeccu ]rIIs -Jt; .ru(.lJs
ntt ;cl tttp utr-'tlttr.tcl e
i
Jli).nJ r^rrr:p) rlzuait;)ruJu! os cJrlc rlJ'oJttloljuls eleJlJ
llrls Lri- i)lr([ortr cloJr] :llru! 'leJlsu lllrur!] olncloJ] TlEds q rt.r t-:insltl -o.r;trL
JIJ UJ.IJSBJ] -

'J I Lr llll Ilnl .!lrld
!.il11 o n.r rl.fzuJ cl | .dr.,l uroJ l:.ilI} nJ il.rzr.) IIl, n'1.,1

irl) J[!([orrr.ro[J.rrJ In.nitttnu rl, i l.rodu.r rrrr-.r:lrrp alr.roJrp Jrin[o,\,) n,]
J[,r.r:,lf lrt.rtt ,]1, t:tttu.]s Jlrti l: \ IuSo olJ 1^ls ollc[our.rolajr Ilr.It]LrIuu
!r'lr:,)z.rrr ds :rzui -'i,;,,;.,t,t
: .rolr.nrlt.:-,]i t:,r.tt:ttJi.,1, ,'';

r:ir tr1 g![)y-tl]rr Jl-cJ c.ruJ'lrqour Icn..rIrrpJEt,lt.lIu]uJod BJ.Irl)l^r{Eu cpJ:r as ejr qrls Jtr
'(r.rrr.r.r.rc) .rir n.rlud u! '!lducJp olso : rr.rnlFs.rf B.mlISc[ il.tJrro([
os lr'Juor,rodns ucl,rud x1 '(1, r5 I ) lr1to5 o1u,r1t^lcI c[) r.Inl)il!.1
r:.r.il lu \l-ru r)l).)r\ rrui[) Irqotu lrr,rr] n.rluci['cs-rrpu1s11 '(stlc.rrc) 7lc llruoilrrl)
f

r;rro1r'(lr-uo,ri

7. Marginile fesiturilor

Nlirrgirri[t'Ittsrttrrrilor'arr t'olul plirrliIrt[ ,lc it 1rr'ot,'.irr lcsiitut'rr ittt|otritrt
rIr'grlrliirilrtr tlirr lirrrlrrrl prot't'sn[11! rlr'Ir'scr'r';i lr opcrlliilor rlc Iirrisart'.
lrr a Ialii dc act'astu. rrrulginilc ('\c(:utiltc cu llrttltii atcn(it:" corrtribrric. irr
loitl'tr' tltltr(' ttti-tsrrt'ir. la irrrl,rtrni"rlllilcir lslte<rtultti trtsiittrrii. lrr lt, r't[ :r'r)|r.
rrllgirrtu tr.sritrrliLrr tlclrrrie sli Iie rrrrifolrnii. sii aibir o linir: tllculrlii si rrr.tcrlir.
lirlirrrea. t:ttIrtal'r'lt si lcg-itrrlir li.irrrl lrtr-sc in cottcot'rlanlii trr Ir':irlut'ir lr'spr','tirir.
\[lrlgirriL'sLtprairrtirrsc.:lrilritr'. rtt','galt'. irrlolrrte sitrr zittrtttt'rlarr tcsri{Lrlii

rrtr its;r'r't rrtr'ot'r'slttrrtzr-rtot.
Ll llcgclt'l lltl.eri('i l)rinlc lx,ntrrr fircle {olosite l:t ntargirrr.a tt.sirtrrrilor'.
sc littt's('lrllii rlc c,'le rlorrii mali glrrlre rlt' It.,qir Irtr'i care -q('pot l)roduce,5i alrrrr,t.c:
lr':iitr--rlii.t[er'si.iiiittrtrtrlii crr lt.grrlrrli liu'r. s(.oI in r.r itlcnIir dcscunl pe stLpltrfa{t tesirtrrl'i i:
tlcsenul pe -supralitfir
crr Icgiilnri (rlr(] nlr s('ot in r:r.irlcntir

l'r'rrlrrr tt'sirtrrrile rl irr primir {'atogolic. rleoalcce. la !cscrr'. Iirllr. ltr'ntlrr
lnilrgin('sirrt suprrsc la eforturi mrrlt mai lnati dc(:it fircle dc trr'zcula l)('n1rrr
I'orrrl. {'st(' n{'{ ('silr l st' alege. l)('ntru {tltttrar-err marginilor' in londitii
Irrrn,'" t, tttatllic l)r'inn'l (lr'calititt('rrrai lrurtii sttr sii sc Ioloseascir o rlesirtrc rtrai
nrat'e la Irtaru^.i'ni. ltcutnr carc cstc n('('esilt. ct accst(i fir'e sii se tlcsfa;oalc rlr.Pi'
lrl()\oilr'c irrrIir irlrtal{r ]rr tirrrpu[ 1e-rr'rii.
l)t'rrltrr lilclc rle rlilrg;ni. dt obicci" sc irttrr:huirrtcazir f irc r'ii,qrrr'itc" rle
rrlccrrsi lirrr'te lrr lilr'lc rlc Iorr11.
T,l o legirtrrt'ii nrai rleas:i it tcsltrrrii ;i rnai rirrii a rtrargiuil sc liot inllr.-
lrttirrtrt filc nrli groas('. Iiinrl nt'r't'titt'. irt at'es[ (]az. d('it sc ttttttiit'i^ {'u rllitr('
lutcntic. r'a rttllgirrt'l sir nr fil strprairrtirrsir. in cittc ('az firele srrllrsc lir cl'olt
lnlri nrllt so pot rulxl.
Tn scoprrl de a sr: irnlnrni'rtli{i tczistenft rnalginilor. filelr: nrals-ilr:tl(.sr-
rrirrittlcst'cilc rlotti'r irttr-urr cor'lcl al it,'lor" iar Iilelc rlin rloi lot:leti tliltrrtlli
s() trirg. rle olricci" printr-o singru'ir cilsutii t spctei. ln c,'r'l ('e lrilcile trugr'r'r':r
in sgralir . sc rttai telorrrarrrlii cu it('citstil sir sr: facti in a5a fcl" ilrcit lrcrrrrltitl:r
r'irsrrlii rlt'1a ntarginca tr,sirtul'ii sir rirrrrirrir liherir.

Tn lccst frl sc olrtirrc o re;lrrcertr:r rlr'sirnii 5i a stringr'rii nrars-irrii rlirr
cirrrzl firr.lor'rIc ]riitirtrrri. in spccial. in t azrrl inlrr'lrnintarii spr:tclor foirrtt rltsr'.
l'r,nlrrr e\c('utarlril marqinilor Ia !r'sirtrrrile de lini irnpislitr'. in gcrrr.tal. sl
foloscsc:rcr,lea;i filc cale.,'folr,ses,'si pcrttru lond. I)aeii se lrrcrclzii crr
lulte firt'. tr"r'brrir^si sr'Iirrir se:rrlrri cu llegcrea sii fie {ircutir rlirrtr.o rntlr'ric
Ir"inrii r'urc si'r sc cornl'lort('in tinrprrl pro<'csului rlc Piuare la fcl cl fir'clc
lcsirtrrlii rle bazir. Acest lrrcru itrc o intportantl'r foarte rlrarc. in spelial l)('nIr'u
{r'sii trrlilr' ('ilrc sc caractt'r'izlazi'r ci, in tilrprrl proct'srrlrri rlr.
1'rrirr rcer.lt
irnpislirt' sc corrtra('tit foarte mrrlt.
itr cazrrl lesiituliLrr rle in. pentnr nrargini se irltrchuillteilzir" dc obict'i.
I'irt'rlr'lrutttlritt," ial la tcsiituliL: dinlr-nn matcrial rnli fin" sc irrtrelrrrirrlr,irzri
tttu:'girri rl in firc dc ]rrrnrbrc nrcr('cliz:rt.

7.1. Lcgitrui lntrebuintate pentm margini

l)rr( fiirrrl lolrrl inrIoltarrt pc ltrlr'-l o{ltpii lllitfginilr'tr.sirturilor, lr.glitrrlilr,

lr'r'lrrric irl,'sr, r'rr rrrrrltir gri.ia.

irr lazrrI ttttol'tr'.siitrri c:u lcgl-rtulr-r tlt: pirrzir san rliagonal, la curc rlcnsi-
Iittt'rt ltittritrrlii t'slt'rlcstul rlt ttticri. rrrr r'>tc rtr'\oic rlr. llqltrrri scpar'at(.pcstlu

iil (i

I

Ltt)

l'lt.tl..illItIl,r)r(-[('sJtir1ll1tarJr|l.stlrrtrrllJiJi)ll);rIuillSrcJ.Jlu()rJr(IttLr;?rZr.trlttnl'0u.ll.s3tr;rrtsISo,1)SoO1rnJssB.rl-rists.)lill(|[|r.e).Jtlulntrulliz)lr?rJ;)IlttJnSt tr:slnt;r)
tt1 'lt.ttl tzotl:-lp ol[rr nus clttt.rocls oj.r e.tttsoaott lirrs nrr 'ruroc.illtl.t n.r:;rr;)(I r,rn.1p3o1
,rIr{.)rlsts.)i};nllrrtlo.ritt'iurrtlrrrtt.rulall.lt|;lti'r,Ir1ItlrzrrulJrrpuriT,-r1'ttlttr.)l}tl:l.u1ttlll.nr*u.rsi osdr,r1,rrrroz.pr.rtll]r..rrll.l,ll*oq(roi lI trr ulrrrs,tttrr

.r"r.; rri

tr.rrl)r rr.rrr r! l.rn1 r1o:rffr;or1rrroJS.lll?locrprr'oi)"rlt(3oTqr,{lrrtrIc.xlrriluo)irlu^|rs.rrc1Jilr-rrrlrInpcnlr.lr)lolroJ.lmllrIir:r}crlzrlr,,)s)J($pli).fr.inIt1lqU.fffI1is1r}t'rrrittrr,1t,,r*r.,r;t,rrtrrr
llp o.IPr 'rrrrff.rurrr

rr.rrrlpsoj rrproJ n.rlrr:rrl LrrrsoIoI *cc rc Brnrrrc;)T rDrrJi).r? ,ljli,:l'Jatl]llll;J ""'
'clclurrs r.rn1pffe1 no trrS,urr qzuaiurnqc.rlrrl cs ,o1dr,r1 rru--
r.rrrlr-r3c1 n) .rolrJn:|l^?saj lnzPc u1 .alcltul.s ,.ntlpfl,,1 ltx ,ufi:n: N
rr111il1r 'ogrlrtrrs
'lnrri11
cllnur nltr rrr sci cs o.rrt olilo.)rl.ru rr.rlucrl .rc1u; rrrr8,st111 -
l olulrrorrrrlruro rJnlljFcI no rurS.rurrr -
' a;rlrttrs r.rtt;rrff.r1 tt,t
s111f;.l11111 -

lJ torf .rolr.nr1r;saj e11rr15;lrnrr 'c,rulruaxo op alrjrltrpqrsotI nr'1;roelu,r ir1

'ucrrLS.ruur nl
p.rrtlq:li,r1 r"ruJ.)iil).).rr] Inlll()t:l.ntc u1 rrrrrS.rnrrr l|,).rtur.ro,,l BtI,'Bl.,l

{} zlr-irlur.!)url:!,.l rslrl,s)illlrI.)rrrrrrq1r'rrr1.rnr1(!u]s.trrjr 'rsuolurrJJ r:A lsutlrrl orrrF.rttlr
'ctrrSJBur n.rlrrorl u.ru1r:311 lir Illlqtrrrl,)s lrrn([oJ]
'f [1lprroI llJJf orlr.t.]lnrI rrrtr lprnr .rsrrrlr.rr rrn([o.rl

i)1ilil!q.luilr 'lj.rn1 131pq cP JolJJrJ ll,)IIIrsolt alio,rl ;ro'rl-qrrr'llJr-rsFrrt o.1'.lrrff.rrrut

irr Iig. 150 st, t'eplczintl o urargiuc cu lcgiilulti lips, f oLrsitir irr cirztrl
un{'i losittuli r'rL 'Iontlul in L'qiil-ulri tIr' pirrzii. cxccutirtii ])c lnr riizlroi lrr o
.irgtrt'a srnlit'i-t si clL,' rr,', r,sitrr Pltlrr itc slrr'r'ialc. scptrittc rlc t'r'lc lolo-.il-,'
[)('lrtt'u Iont[. irr I)altct r[c jos a IigrLlii ('-ctc l)rezultrrta, sclrcnrttir'. Ir'r'r't.Lr'ir

11

r:
.l

,i1
.i\
I ]J

l is. .l l(). l",rrur:rr', a rrrrrg-irrii la crttc {,rtttlrrl rr',
rnalgin,'a rlc t ips.

lrlilt r'osI t ]ilr,krl tlc lriltiitllr'ir, rl in ,",,',' 1's:ilse prin(lclct l{:1'stot' Iirt lt
nrlrginca lr'-sirtrrlii. Sc r ctlc r'ri Iirclc Jolo.itc lrlntlu rniu'gille Ir'r'lrrrir: sii lcgl
irr rtlir Icl. irroit, lnaiute do {iecalc ltusuro tu'urilt()lre a bitiilrrlii" tr"r'lrrric sir
ir ilrir lot; st:lrirullitlrt rostr,rlLri irr rtttlgirt,'ir t.l'latir in piu'tca iesir:ii rrryeicii.

lrig. iJt). l'olrnarcr rrrirlqinii crt lriu. ljl. lirillnitlcir rnargirrii lrr llgri-
lrgilrrll-t rl,' r'ips ltrllu ( irtl Itrrii rll tips, ;rlrtltrt llrt, rrrzlr,lri, l,r
r lrzl',,;ti, l, -ittl tlotrttl lLt ,, :itt- rirrt riolrrlc trr lrisrr{e sclrirrrlritoalr'^

gulr'i srrvcit ir.

l,lt l'arzlrortitt tlotittrrt ('ll ('itsll{(r sr'ltirttlraIoltt't' . illiu'giil('il ('tt l1'gii trtl'ir t'ilrs
ic (.\c(,u['l l]unlli lrr rlotrii i!rr st'1tat'irtr'. itt lo I tltr ilittt'tt, ([rtoitl'('(:r' t]lt ltliti Ii[('
lrcr'('slrii rlr'pllts;tt'tir r'oriil)roLrit ir It:gatrllilot'.

.\r'est Itrrrt'tt s(: ])r)ittc t ctIcit irt l'ig. '151.

ii l8

0 t[]

-117il!(l rir[) osil(Ituo:')';tr.rlrrt1.3 Ur '1lIrs'rtrrft.rt'tttr l]crrJrilitsP tr.rlUcrI i)llliuiila[a).r]trI
,)ll.{rlll^rJ(iCT "Jrla)lsa) 1tr;.rlrrlsu'r1.rrr"^rlttr.l.tnlrr lr!':r'-cipltrurrrlnrL slrltI rrr'lrllrrrr{r1rr

.lolr.lillL:soj Inzlr.) lrr ri n,t'1o.r riu[0,)lr lrrr r.::r 1rr';tTuJ. tffrrll ct[,c;rtrr.fi.runr i].lll.) ul
-1r.il,{)1.t,)(lns ,)lrllrlll,) i)ll r,rnlgsrrl .torrrr lnzlt.) rl ils.):-olol os rulS.rurtr clsJt\i

olrlucrusuro ryr8;re1q'6'2

,J)lslro(rJrJ.l,)lll!:F-fJtitl 'i)rlirlso 1n1:lcrlstr Jll -\rsrll;)il1 'o.Inor.Lll lIl J,)roqoloilll.rl itllrsl.r0,rrl
lr,rS i):--1ll)tlltlri ',r1tttlIr'rtPttt ttttiii.tunt tl.rlu.rrl l.iltl!5.)J l^rzrri)1,)ot().til
rl fnorr rl.mlcn.rls o.mcorJ n"rluod'gt 1n1rlu1 Erurlqns elrocl oq
'€91''FIJ UT cp,)\
,)i lrnl;) n$u orBel uA l"nu tS.raqrl In.rlJ ust^lI r,r ri.rptl rrtli 1]rrn-.tlul tcrrri.ruLrr
J,)J.rrloop'qlrtcr;rJns rI uA nrl'arrrS.rrrrr rl.tlilJrI fltsolol'1usp1 n.r1ui['1nrr1 n.rlrrrl
'srlr.r c1t t,rn1p.3o1 e.ruc rt.rlrred'e.rr1 pnop ollr ni) cJllJ t^ os g.rnlgsoi rr! rrJrllllf([
lril.r't?zcSu'o1.retI p.rnffrrrs o-.rlur c.rrlolllqrtlillcs iiins!.) ep,\]'llzoL[-qrl) un ll.) ]I.]il)
1lrz!,to.rr'[ o]so nu aTjrzodsrp uI IuJAII l-e"nrc od lnloqzl]"I c.IlrJ III Ilzt:l) ill
'rr.rntr!soj InpuoJ op elu.rurI,rs nir n.rlntl
,).rrtcrolr:lurs i).rll,) tt.rlir;rrl rS o1rsr31 tt.rlrrtl rrt cltlrrl .rlcrrLrt{ n.r1 ltT u1 1r5rrn1 srlr.r
lnlll In.rolrrl'r n.r l.llni)u.l ols.t crrrS.rrtt.rr rJJtlJ r:'p.rrr1g1r;c1 cp l-rl(lrrp tr.ttrlns,ri o
rltttzc,rrl:r.r r)s egl'5r3 rr1 'cnoc1[errult]oopp9ilrr1llnsr.rnr1.ilrrJ-l:lq(.,trrirIl:r-tt,)rr-u] .-rs]lrrllr]rl[l),lr,i).r\1,l,r.l)JsI.)(i)i.lnrl1r.r)
ill) o.luo:llj(llillr[;)s ojnsl-lir
lrtl olorrrorlzpl; 'csrFrrnl cs olujLrinqJJlrr! sdt.r cll.rrrllir[ 't.Itrzlr,) lr.)tt')ltt.rsrr Il I

'c1.rr:rI g.rnrqtrts o-.r1rtt :rrrl-q-:rrd J.ruol!(pur rl.)s

o.rcolp([tuillis Ji]rs!t l.lD ilrlto(t rrirrsLJ ni oruo([z]-r.r rr1 J. J- stIr.r q.trr1
-zl.r Dl lrl. sdr.r l:rrlt!oqrl il.) -roqli ll rrrrrii.rnru lnrJ.rrru.ro,l Ill "'],,t
rrru..q.rr;rrt llaf,Bur.Io,{ Fqf H].,1

'.r.tt:o1 r-rzu r rrl s;r.totJrr l-rIr?pro-qnrrrs JIrill o rtl r'rrrrfi.rttrtl {)-.]llIr.r(T cclll,lltl .)s 'rll.lrll.rd
',).) u.)JJ t,rPr.ir.r ti csilP lli).rd IT.ru i)clrpo.rrT:r1rrrr.fi.ilirrr lr.r.r.rll0.r;r';t1rr;Plrttt:ril0:r,i.r

'zlrrrs rlrr 9.,i'., ,rr,, uzrrrrI op;)Jr.urlLlocJ] 'r-l.rrt111r-rrJ rl) ll([nl) rrlrrrrlqsli r].Ilrri)([



Jolrrrltes3l eaf,utJarord rE urrliJnJls - I3

n,;n,'llu.)l,lslt.ll)lurlitllltll)Uslillr'r[!r'{ul.)):t.,ii)llu'r9t.llll.[llr)lsr'-n-i;llt;r:l)tl)u.ur!\trzrIsuurl)l.lll)i:(l.l)r.Jt.I)iulnl'.t[)I:n.rr)lesr,)),.(i)n[]zsllrq(I-)IrolI.or t.'>lor:lil1rrls:r..,)rn1'.r1nl.l1trru1.r1r:t1'-t..lJ1rfoilrrlctrtrsut.trrcrn.crllt;!..?nfriul.luu)o.lrr)Ittll:ltr.o,tr)u..r.inulI.orJtl1ril'.,iJo)rlu.[oa)n(.\ril;ll1!lql',r1r.rl^I(iltrlr:;[)r[.u.l)rp.llr)r;rrxIrIllitcil
'!.lrlor.r,) | lll
.).nrirtIrT.)lr,)lritt.rcrlo tl l-rirrclstz.r.r;p olrli rl)uo.),)p ti',rrl.rls.r
lt.il:.l ll ut 'llililr,rs os-ltpruil li tllr.rirlrp JIr.)s.)l) rti rrtri.rr:ur r{ '1tr.ttrd,rs 1t!rzr1rr;,rr,1rr.[rslru0;.rt1rlr

.)c'r.:.nrl1:soi .rp notr rlri i.nl.)oII rt.rlu,l(['rr.rnlqs,ri nrlrl)u()J u,).nroIn.) tt.r';.rorlrt.r

ut't^rlrnllsll.rlu();) o.ll|olll.r o,)l):1.:sllr)tJill ,rsnlr.Irr.rP'1t.r.rrr.lr" uI'lu!s'rrrrri.tr:rU

ll lrlluJrtn?u.ro Intlcsi)p lr.tlrlu cJr:r lrr Inl]rroJ tt.tltt.rrI alrrirrrrrrlc.r'l tIr i)1,).rr.,I
'Jr?r.)IIPI (lrl .'l) l.illluq,ri
(l.)r1l.:r.r)tr[l.inll.)firlo;lr.fzlrlr)(uTI.oIlp)prr-sri.lr0n1:)q3'1o11 rrttt.to.J ill(:l ..llu!'l'; rtrirIt.t.tsur lri) illll]lr.rltrr:u.lo
rlp Jnur.r()T lt1 ,s,r rrrrti.rr:ur Tn.urtli)rl')'o,o1.y1y; t^tu11

.ip i).ilT rrrlr'!.rr:0r.rirrlns oltlrlll.r rr1t.rolr.rrr1ls,ri l-rlrrrills.)l)'t31r1tr:rrrrt,trr.trt.rtlli.rillrr

lp rtlrlrrltr,r lnr-.rlrrrp al.rrtrT o l.lllr[)i).r i)lsi) cql'5r.; rr; ']'tlr:)tr ul rTrl .rlr.tolt.rrrJr.rsJi

ll.)rurt,)l !zl,rirrrilrJ.r.r1uT os^ rrtti,rl?rtl al) IJ]lstr .rotllr.rol,)u,rs,rl) lt,).lrlltr.loJ ll.Ilrl,)([
rr.rrrlqs,ri 11ir-rlr1r:.r r:.rrlnstr.tolrr.tttrlrrttt.r ctl
';rrrleldsol ttztt.ttu.ro.l tn

,r.rir.r 'rr.r,r;)ur.rrl;r.t1rrr llJ.Tllltr llllc rlJlurlrI .)tllltlsuo:) lI i)lrlrt.)lutrtt.trl rti.tqtl llt \tlolll
'r.).rr([(] i)(T'lll'l.rliuI cp Iu.)Jl\.) oltrllt;)l\r orJ l-rs ornc[{t.r1 ';t:teot{s rl! 'Ittll ll).lolr.l
'to.rs.'tttr:Jitlttillrqrs[,.rr.illUlrIrputrro.I.(;JJ'll)r.tltrr.rl't).r1s,lllii
-rr1n.;ri Jlrrroe.nll{'ilsr?ounrJI ll.Iuol.,11r.r1rr rttitJo
.)ll?.1()lo:l l^:]11.)Z.ilr Jl) c.rrl i)l) tlrrrreJr'!ItI rtJllrJ(I

llrlt.l)).r)r.or,J)l)tJt.\r1IurI;rrlI)uoJ{t?l:IItI.rlllrJtr;r.lrjtrl. Is't:11;r;ttl 1r! alrpl-].{lltI lu!s.Il?ltJl[;) rt.tltrorl l1rr.rl1
lrit t.rttt,l ')lI,l il.llls.).).)ll ltlls,r.ttl.t tt.tltt,lt['lllltl.]ltt
-lrn.tr, \tl0ltr Utl lllTi) I:" trzlrTrT e1r r].rrtlrrli,rl ur Jr?il,)rl.) ulr-.rlurll .rllltu.ro.l ttrtS.rttttr
'ill rr; ',rir lt;) rlrllntlsttnl,),)rtt llt.Iolltf tt tl,)
.lrrlJzitl.prl.r)h.rrr.;)rlrr,.rror.ir1n1ol)(i.r1lu1.r)zJc.T.rrl(oIc.t.lpti1lsr-rfTi;tg1I ri)u1 lP l.ttttlt:.r.lll!erIls tltl-.llrlll)
ll:ltI.l().1 olsi)

rrrtri.rttu TilptroJ '.r:lrr.toloo .loll.rnl!si)i lllzPJ tl [ 't.tn1t^ts.lj ,)P .)lllJtlIrl.l()s .rll.IJTlp
z^.rl);rrjlrrnl uI r-?zll.nrr o.rno InlrrJl(Iprr.ro l)uoI tttt.)liJi!fi i)s ll.lo.Il-r.) Itl.loI.li)lrII u!

).n:ltorJ.) 11trrzl.rrl arrrff.rtttt o.IP:)ilI,{'q 6; nes Z "- 1tttt,rfit:tP tttls stIt.l 'lttttttttttrI
U6

Capitoltrl

VII
l'es{turi cu. desene mari

1. f,esdturi jacard simple

trlrr.ior:itatt'a tt'sirtulilor rlcsclist,;rirrii acrrrtt I)rczcrltatt, in grtuet'al. I'itl)oitr't('
rnili in rrrzcral:i ;i Lescr:ea lor rrcr,esill rrrr uutnirr tlc t'cl rurrIt 2-l--.J2 ilt'. rrrotir
j)cntlu carc elt, s('nulnesc tt'sirturi r,u efdrctc nrici tle legirttrrti (dcscuc rrrili).

ln alalii dc accstcir, existii Ir'siituri cu o{ct'tc ntari dc lcgrittrr'ir (rlcst'rrc
rrrari). r'czultate rlirr rret:csitatca dc a rt'1rlt'zcuta. prin etectc tlc legiilurii. rIifcritc
sccnr-', pt'isujc. portrt'l-c. tablorlri t'tc.. la ('tle rapor'tuI t[t'urzealii t:onrportir
-sutcr sarr, elriar. nrii dc cvolrrlii rliIcritrr ale firelor.

lielrlizar:ca Iesirtur"ilor cu raloartc mtu'i $i f oartr: rrrnri ilc'urzcalii l)r'csul)trrr{'
irr'!iorrltcit iurlilirlualir a Ii.r'elor r.lc urzt::ttlii, t'orrcl ilir'('iu'o sc asigulii pr:rr
folosr'n'a nrccanisnrclor' iacard.

1.1. Clasifiearca. caracteristiei ;i uiilizarcil nlccanisrnelor jacaril
l)rrpii rrrrrrriilrrl rlt' lrlntirrc, irrtlt: ')()0-3 600 platirrr,. rltrpir rlistarrIir rlirrtlr'

ar,rlc a rlorrir irt'c t'r.r'irr'. cxistir rttt't:rtrti.tttc.jatr:tLtl eLr irtrpirr'lifc tttitt','. r'rr itttIitt'-

!ilc rrriirrrrrtii ;i irrrlriir{iro l'oiu'tt' urirrrrrtIii (tabcla 212).

'l'ttbelt ]2

(ilasifiearea mecanistnmclor jacard dupd numhrul dc platinc si distanta intle axcle
a doui acc vecine

Nrrrttilr: dr: plaiire l)lirtirtc dc reztrvir Disiarrja irrtrc acc L)cttrrnrilczr intpir{irii
!/o nlnl

200* .rlj(] 2 6,75 I I lltf(]

30Cr- 80C 5-11, 5,75 rniilrrrrtir
80tr I 20C
I 200-:j 600 5- 11 t,- ftrar"it' rri"l rrrrlir

')()() 5-- I (l t'r1 r:r Iirrir

nl)c.nJrulrllrrl.locJrrrns.rrrlnuluicdrrrl'ilp.rulruraurrr(r)ocstFIeclpJE''fU, olslxlS[I''"!.0rn9ltf:ll-or{pl ol].rrJ.In8rlis rllt tl nlpllso.r
rr.rurrorjoullJ cP illur.) IIn nn

lrlu1 rn.rr;c tlr.lolup'rnlnlrqzql 1e lecTrcrtr.rtl clel.ro([.Ir] l?I i]p c]tlrotjeu 1rr1s c.ru;r
'pldnrrs orptsnrt nJ p.rucrll oIIISrtIBcal'u lilsrxo 'J.Illttoricrrnl e'p(q1Sn1l.r'rfatlq)clnL?gItcz.rtr
iu)il))l,rrundln.trrryl'zcerjcceJ.rsropcencuI1'1o:11re.renc1l rrscappur'rrnl Iunurorqsrz.FrtJl'rnlrlnrr^or3qrrzgp1s.ruEeJl.lrlerurlJIrrrlP! uttrrltsr
r^r1tlu+.rp

otuzciu
tlotrpst.rroclloi.)r.lIl?l J'e€rIio'ltarrrrrp]q1ruu1lcclruuruzcalit'rnnpl ropc.rltzl.qr.ttl!
lro llruJtf culsluucour ri 'grn111gq
01c1ur{s uI
nts eir:J rq gluza$t else
cirrs,r,,nlnr, glsrxc'roqztJ cd tnlntusluaoalu ll oJltzesu c1r lnpou gthl6

'p.Luluf rursrrrucaur rnrrn .rolJlrrJruJI.) tll.Iulo.rJtunN 9!1.':il.'l

tl,)/J1),7 \a
90/ tE_

:/, \."'

J0/t.toJg
ere/d

P.tPg
pa/qPJPJ

-

/roJS

n1aur1b1d
/np0d

t0/ th'
z0/
AJV e,o0tl
t0t

l0/ z0/ €0t ,0/ tot
au//Pld

tz€19

' ( p.rrrlr: f

.)loulsrrrpJorrr u1 'Blrrrufur cl.rnoJ e.,r.rrj.rgrltr1 llI l!top ll)IIII ItlIu rlll'r 'tttut t rllrllnrl
op crJ !,q.JJuocl .rtrrcal acu ljnop e.r1u1 rirrulsrlr) p.rr:en[.roloulsIIrlrtcttl ltlzl]J rll
l1aap 'crrrJ rr'lru r.rri.rptkul rorrn r:;r1n1r1rr1rsotl nu ri (1ri.4Js rl.IrJ rlpuurl) r.moltu
ap ljrrrJol rr! cll.r!rl cp clal.l0r cSJ>^oloI LrJ Bac,)1? rrr.rt[ ulsa;ru i)l] os-llPlrrqJSoop
'(rilrirzJn cp .roloJrI u ![enprr\rput BpulrluoJ qlncexa) ple:ref rnlnwsluuco'ur

lnrrlrlrr.rcl ad qzearroricun1 c.rpc '1op;rel dr1 cutstrte,rcrrl l]]srxa 'tlctrottrese og

cu nrilclre tlt.rblii, carc l)rinl('se tljsearca tle lt ar-bor:c[e st,t'trndar, at,intl rrtt
t,ilhr tlr'l'rrnctiorrarc tlc 720',si o cartclri Ptrtind cornlrrrla fomritrca rostulrri
srrt'r'r'sir ltcntlrr r[oLrii Iilt: rlt' ],riitiitr-rrir.
l)u1iri nururirul dt'grrrprLri de platirrc;i. nulttirrul rlc plisnr., (,\i\lit nrlril-

rrislttt, jaeartcl crr un -sinljur glup de platirrc silrr cu. rrrti urulte grupuri {l''
Illtilc si nrclarrisrrrc.jacartl crr o sirrgurii lrr'isrrt:i sarr ('u rrrai rrrultr, prisrnc.
])c 'rs('nl('lr{'a. tristli nlccitrrisnrc .iirr:trrrI Lrart: ilu pristucle irrrpiir'tilc l)(.
srctoar,c (1 ... I scctotrc).

1,2. Elemontele cornponcnte ale mecanisrnului jacard

5r'ht'Jctrrl r'u podcarra plttiuclor'. platirrclc. cLrlitric. pri-.ruir r:tr IirllLrl rlc
t,ru'tclc tlt calton sau rtr rrratcrial pia-.tir'. plitcl ;rrrrlrrril.or, s Iolilc pl:rtirrr'Iol'.
tot'lr'Iii. i;-r'cutirlilc legatc tle r:ot'lt'li ctc.
Ilctrieltclc collrponcnte akr ntccarrislllulrri ja{.rard -*c gnrpeuzii lrr orglrrt. rlr:
tl'ooctrtlar:nlicil)i;ti(cugoirtcgllcn, t'plrrrisrinIitaar;ei car[elelc). olgtrro dc crclutio (platirrclr'. storilc.
(|otl rrl ;rlatinilor. lrllcu slor:ilor'. rt'r'gclc[r't[e
ghitlar:c ctr;.).

1.3. Utilizarea nrecanisnrului iacaril

,\t'cs[ -*i-*tt'ttt de rrtt:c'auisut Pt'ntru l]ltttnart-ril rostului cstc irrtl i,'irt lir IirLli"
r'itt'ca lcsiitrrrilor'latt:. crI rilpoar'Ic rlali si.fotltc ruari rIr, rrlzcalii. l)irr prrrrt.t rlt
r t'ilr,'lr,' plattic" rru un nrct'anisnr jllartI Iucra losirtLrLi r:rr
It'giilLrlii, lit citrtr ltportrrl dc rrrzeralii sir sr: Pol c:u irrrnriirul lottl clcscuc tlr:
irlzt'alii. 1ie cgal
tlc Iilr.rlt'
ritpoitl'tc I[ct,;rrrisnurlc.i,.rlarrl iprcost tfilrrfeorluoqrnitrec;si tclarriIcri'ointlduicr,cttr.crpittr'rsiciiitulcrrilrotirrlr(i,lu.

rtrici in urzcalri. rlar

tllitt',orctlr',r't'ttrturttt;titr'rrr'i,sttntrisc[nt:turl'rr.iiattc'itrs:tirlrlrircrriirl.t1'i'rnz1ii11ri,t.t|c'zrtittr.rrrlcacr'fri'ogninarlel aliiizt,l'rlooirr'r.lr(r.in. (on)l)iu'ii.
llul''ir lur't':r it,'cllir.i lls;rlnri.
clfo s-ilr

1..{. Nrrlncrotari:a clcmentelor tle corrra:ndi si dc r:rcrrr{ir ale rnecanisrnului jararrl

1.4"1. Numerotarea platinelor. lltli{r'r'cnt tlc rnorlrrI tle a5t,zar.e i. ru('t l-
rbrPisirlrtrtt)rls.uini jllri-ts'atzrAtlr:poocrtitlzpl)roi-.ilr(iaL;c1rnzatrlclccaLlrrtliat'i;.is.utiI1'tsirprc'fctairl,i'i.,
af ozlrr'{r cu ;rr'isrrr:r irr

irr -*tiugu r:iizltoirrlrri).
tstc ttt'tresat' sir se tlct, ittriut' pozilit pl'inrt:i p.[ittinc, drrpri t'arc sc poatc flct.,
rupoi, uLrrurlotar:el platinelor qi rt acelor..
tr'ig.4i6 rcplczirrta s('h(:urit ttuui. tttt:cattislr.jacaltl, nrorrttI cu filclr,tlc
trt'zcitlii. trlirtrl pristtta 1n plrtca stirtgii. trIccauisnrtrl cste prcr-irzrrt r,rr 105 platiuc
tl isptrso irr 5 r'jntluli logituclirrale (112r) qi in 2l rirclrrri lrausr crsak' (lt1tt).
I'rir ind rrrcclnisnrLrl tlin par:tca pri sltlci, aflate in parlca stirrgii. r'r'zrrltii
la linduli lr: tlo platinc lorrgiturliualc sirt tntttreLotate dirr spatc in sprt: laIii
(,le ll I ll ir), itl t'r'lc Intrrst ct'sitlt' sint nc]rrllucrotatc rlc la stinga spr'c rlr:ctltit.
,\stlcl. lrlirtint / cstc irr l,ozilirr .r'it rtiri clin spatc, pc pilrtca sl.irrgri (/1p11 si
Iipll). ial rrltinra irlatirra. , rr rrr'. I.05. al'(: poziIia t:ea ruti l1l'opialii rlirr rlr'clplir
(/l7r/5 ;i r lipt21) 1 111v 1:1r'tultl.rr. platirrt rtr. f),j cstrt u lii-rr plttirrri rlirr ll/rl;r li
iiril:l,li-(ir):l.r1lrlr:l,i1nr(i):r5li1rr:5li9ltl:36.1:l6ip9L:7t ,c1s:t7c9l:oilllm:8a9l:(d)iln:()p()la:it(i)n,c1le. 4,:9: ],1 : 19:21 :
irr Jt)
rlr: lrlirlirrc. irrr 1i7rl11 os(rr I'rurnirt dil platiuele 5l :5):.54 totll 2l
irr tolitl 5
plir tirro. 7i 55 -

.l,l I
t)"tt

96t

"lIyrurln1.il.rircrtllu'rrltrlltlpr)o-.urlulut[psIl{rutr.rJtull.cSlrurrPc:rru.urrrlo,\lu!trrPtltt1l.tgt]lpGirr'r1r1u!?9s(.,I)r)\JJrrl[rl:1'J.J'Brrturop]l.sIUlilrrtr..:Jnroiruo'rpI"l.crruIt.unIrtl!n:ru.us'rp1lFrvuuu.ur.'!uproI.!rtIr3ll:PrIrlt.lr!rs8ni,r()r,1uJ1J{r!urS!rs3?'rlJrran'u.rorJB0'.oI:r:r[\S1u]ussqPFurur.p1Iuu-,.enr).rl.riluc]ru}rrolp5]rporpnrr]1.rnliloll)Ju.ur1ur5rJldruuunrlo(1udeu).1llrn-icrsl61lulju1€lI1)ulrpurIi1u1n'up(sr,eIr,r'.u1rrlirrr.Irl,lJ1rrurt;,InrrrciJ'ispo.l-.rr'r1Bgp..uru,,1,ulri1.rdrsrSI,uuurntpepruo1:,rlJg,rr]1t;oplt-.ir[rup)ruru.olr",lrIirir1.ujipti',
lnl,U!,1 rlsJ u.)l-al- [u-op rrrrr.prgllrt[ruurr.qrtiIucJ.lrs1ru,1[
r.rrryg 311 r.nlpu!.r op -6V rlJIc.t-omar.'8lo.3lrL.rror1Jss ilI1npLr1.r) rIus.tr,r5^rru.rl

rr,xurFunl ,c1u-r.r.r.r
-stttr.tl I'ttltlli oP r.ttlPtt!.I ol, I6 cl!.),).ru il|loz.rn up 1.rotTtr.r.).ruJJtJ J;lJ.nfoiJ(I

.q.,:1tr u1 .o1u.ro;.retr 3tr1s r.*r1.roer,, u,,"il".Lj[:t';ii:J-; ll.fiii;fi::'l;,]Ji]u;tilll
l-rlslx,) c.ltrJ rt1 ' ctjuttlts o 1rl rlgirdJ.Ir,or.lrrJcosJSl0rl.lcu'"1*rr[1aclu[ltor.prz.)t.lrrc.rlnllrrr]lc..lrnorallx.r:or ]i:-r.rrnrclllo[rtll
-r.r rllllur lBut ilr clri;rgdurl
rr qlrlrro.rp ltrp II 1rr1.rodt.r 1l
iS r;Fu11s ual.ret[ url] I ;lIsnn].crols(r[pu,rlt:r.rrsm'n.rron1ir,rros1::-ql-itialczr.jilrdr
.r1t t.lrtl.rotl*J l-:1lop n.rlLtJtI
o.ruotrlzuntls;r.to;t r.nt1t5

r.rttrrirrrrl cr['qo B]Inzo.l'riolrroc rop rzrJuolilu qrrrlrltI e.luJorJ CCJ.n?OJ(I
'rollJoJS uculd ad ap clr.rnr;ii rrr.t[ c1nca,r1 1trg"- .ro1ri
",rf.'r).,,,lt.tuJ5'li.r1.ro.r rolr t:.r.ru.fi.y1 rlt nlJutun)u, ltlt l)lulu.ro.; .our;rr1rl rrrrop.rluji,,J
Itl!!- r.ruJ cP'Itrr11u.ru.r o'Lr.Ilror.IcJrIr uol.rut[ l]l'Ilr]re,rl alsc lrrrlrld J.ilr,rJr].r1,'ll.i
glnzJ.{ 9gl,'.Bl} rrr11.rolrroJs Ereld ed ap rollrnp8 €aJulorarunN .9't.l

lr;) l:,)rl.!)pr clso .rolJurluld .r'1r.ro1s uJ.rrlo,rJ*rrr, ',,ru".,r"*Xt:l;":;J;:::li'liii;i::
rn,-rtrti.Jr!ttttltrl1qiIut;)I)'Jt.r.)t'tr.rIr)1It.l)Jtuu'p53lrtocltpJcrornpl-s1{lrSsl!Bti,lrtr'lstla.to;rtorl.oo1orl1nzlcaoctJu.6IIurI6o1u.l"rufn0npe1f6pud,lu1udn.!lJrn.'erF1prlnoljopulrolcLtoircJ[iord'..tofrtir[.tuarrl'uid1cderllrpnJu.e1pi-)-plLss'u.1yrrJnouqo.'u)r1rl.sFIr)Jirurrcrnzdtr^lotj)redzolEllr.nlrlEurJeqIrferru'l'rs.rnrrreonpnl1l.sluorroelJupcirre'lB(1cs-rr1osu1u'1crn]so1lIN.l1lsrloJa.,r..nruSrl'u]-rrl.uotjer.1r.z.rijItlc1polrrut;liolrtl,rrrturrrP.l.1r]
r;cr1ru) 11 er.itzod rU ocr.rl '111 efivod rn? :"rol.).1? r:iu1 ur a.ilrrrrlu pLrltl ,(rrjcb
-ris lil:^uirs rr1) eriulo.r ap olu:lEutnI o ernl J71 er.itzotl Ut p lrlJ]Jl?:.) : JlullLru l:r
F-us U! sol Jp clu.lo.rournrr luls eluluozt.to,rlr.rnprrrJ el)rnr'.ro1cau rcrlr{ ctl op
'r.]J.lr:r:lo.rJunlu op o,rrqcsoal-r o.rds's<ll'u1 sls Jl).llltlo.tJutntr'!lr-ur L:luls r.urr^ri op

i)Frlrrozl,lo JIt.rnpu!J I rolc.ru u;rulcl ar[ ol) JI.).r r>" r,r.r 'BlrTuo.rp o.rcls n5t111s t1 .rp
JllrloJJtttttu lrrgs t.rnr35 cp J[u'JIl.IJ,r elr.lnprrJg'r.rrr95 11.11s3{ r.nao1 tJrrr.) pur.,tll
ItlJtlJJ.t Ptlt.t c.llr;)JtJ r3 l.rnt^r5
-rl,to,t r.lnPUrr 913 aluluozr.ro n.rlucc[ r.ln.)ol Ie pilr,ru ll]]uozr.ro prrl.r.r.nlJJtJ.JIr:;)
ggp 3r1 u il3tr11s urp uol.rcr[ Ut ellrl
r.lrrlu!.r g lru
-.qI)uz..,rrrnuz.[,.r)trlJ.rlu.rllJlf.((r).[nrJ.orc1l]l[r.J)rr.0.lroIdlrsl]JJ'1JcrruJJ.rr'I]el,[lrrlJolrullr5.J]nour]J3JId'Bnt'iI€npJo'l1]erJ1.rgcuorelrr'1.crooI1era]dul.s,rluueBsp1,)rnclJ1gcodJlrollIo,lJrr1p.nrsptocrFrs'1e.eur:orerucuJlpu!e-.urrl.oUroJJst.epc,r1;uFs]-nl.o.tnNr.ulrJuB.rlto!.rstp(.nl pi1I)onl).iut.lluulJ1.l
'.toii)i)ll tlt.llllo.lJtttlltt t3 uc TSBJJJtI o.lso r.lrlLltl!.r.rt[.I(r1r.Irrg3 r].)Julo.rJttrnN'itIll,)tl.rJ.\

r.nll)ut.t r3 aluluozr.rt) unllttr.I u!;illccD Ib- u.) ci-n([srP ]rrls illl.lnlli)'p.rrru5 o.r1Lr
',)u J.rlr.).rrJ rr.tltrlld 't3iusrrtl c.rtl-r ttrp uel.rrtt[ u1 :.ro1,r,ru
r:; .r1i,r\.r.)s .rolorr 'pluzrr:r;r.rcl c,tu l.r.rlurisrrt-
uceld ad .rolrrne8 ealeloJerunN
rrslJ 'JoIeJe .g.t,I

'.|.)lr ti)ilrJ cl!.J rIJ alBJllJc,t tJnllulJ 16 lS acu Ie cllc nJ JluJrrozr.to rJnprrr.l
t.)ru;i u! osrrtlsrlr lrr!s .)1.) : -tol.)Jl: u o.nrl'rre.ru Jl) Inl)otu ll:lI,nt ,r;s.t ,9g1., '3r;
r.rrr\rtlrri)lisuil)tr[l.u)Jruorrrlrorlnrl.LrlnrJl.or'rr1Jr.^rrn'.pl1rl1p!_rur5ouacluJIurol!uoclcs]r^prJrrcJ-l,rulu.uJ)lnsno.,o))pVrr:rrun.Jrd1osu;l1lo.rdJour.sr^eru1eaJc.erugtrrrlounJnyou[rurr,nS).NruLlrcJ'2caur.Jt.tonIrqJ!..nUlou

1.4.7. Numerotarea sforilor gi a coclefilor estc iderrtit'ii cu nurll{'r()tilrcl
gr'lrrilor tlirr pltca sforilor, dcoarecc slorile qi cocltllii c()l'c-ql)llnd cil t.ttttlliit:, ca

lirrrluli logitLrrlinale. trasversale ;i ca raport'

2. Sisteme de ndvddire a sforilor la mecanismul jacard

I

Nrivirtlirea sforilor: cste opcrttia pr:int'ipaLi pentrrr pregiitirca trl,','a,tisttr,i'
Itri ilcarrI i1 rcclelca exccrrl-irlii Iesir trrlii. Iia prt suprrtte crttxra; ltrrctr pr:ellirlrilir
rr sii.lctulii nrecalisrnului;i a operlfiurrilot ariitatc la capitolul prccctlcrrt (rtrr'
lurcr'otaroa t'lenrentclor tle cornattdir ;i tle erccrrfie).
Se 11rneltc nivtidirc l sforilor sau..inlrrtrit". olrcralia l-rccclii s{olilor
1u.in placa sforilol intr-o arrrrrnita ordinc. Iia c'or:esptrnrlc rriiviirlirii (irr cazrrl
trcbuie Iircuti cu precaulie qi ctr atcnlie tnitxinlii.
inecanismelor cu i1e) ;i
ln funr,!ie de deielcle c'are tr'cbuie realizate, sc Iolosesc rnai mutte sisttrtttrr

de niryiiilire a sJorilor.

2.1. Nlvidirea drcaptE a sforilor la mecahisme laearilo cu atczarca prismei
in stinga (fig. a5Q

Iistc sisterrrtrl t'el nrai frr'cvcnt intllnit. l'latirra / este in drcaltta ;i irr slrnr
spatclc riizboiului. Cind, iti-sii, pri-qtrla ostc r5ezatii in tlreallta rirzboiulrri, plrt-
tiua.l c,slc lrt Iatri qi ln stinga liizboitrlrri (a [r'sirtorului). In aml)elc cazttt'i,

;nrtruitul platinei i srr f ace iir
giulile I ale ficcrirui raltort. si-
tuate la stlnga, in -qpc spatelc
r:irzboiulrri ({ig. ut$1;;.

-///\ 2.2. Ndviilitea dreapti a sforilor
la mecanisme jaeard
WNNH
Se lroate Iacc ctr. :tlezill:{'il
:.: !1 pliiimci irr fata rirzboitrlui (rlea-
a: supra lcsirtolului, f ig, 459). l'la-
tirra / estc sprc spatcle l'tizboirrlui.
|ig.'lir1 i\{oll.atca mcc:rnismrrltri jlr:ar:d tlrrpri S IS. in stinga. Toatc;ttrtrulile pri nse
rle phtirlclt: dirr at'clasi lirrtl lon-
tt'rnul cu plisrnu irt stitrqr. giturlinal se gilscsc intt'trrt lllatl
cornun. firi itcrrtcigirri. Nurl;lr'rrl
plartclot' pllirlcl,' ,1,' rtllll'lll'i \ il
f i egal t'tt nrtttritt'ul lirrdur'ilol dc

pla t.irr c.

I)attri plistna esttr sitLratrr irr
spetr:lc lrizboiului, tlcasuprir strlrr-
lui tle ulzr,'alii, platina J vl {i irr
{a{n qi in Parteu drr,raptit.

2.3. Nir.idirea aseutiti

i rr cirzrtlilc cirt,l. pe loat:r li'
timea It'siil-urii, sc forlneazll rln
singur dcstrr (in cazul leserii co-

326

na
crt

'z

p(

\1p:o;laIialtricrrlrl(i)rsr'Is.ogariplolo)rtr'.oIlseoogaila]t)cerlloosuririei at$cilt.lru)i.ir'-utuvrnii.tldPsilnaogtirrarrra\'iisl edacectolisroindlteccatzlgiicri.tu(ltlltit, rniilot'rrl 11p7"lii,
t[itr' rltr
rtll irllrr. lit'i'rtt'ir
l)l'irllllI
iir il,, r,r'z,,,rlir rlin rrr|eirt, ial cu al iloilcrt snlrr ac[ioJreazii ultirurrl lnrrl rlirr
r.epolt; platirra 2 ar'!ioleazir" ('u 1r1l snur. al doilta Iil rlr-. rrr'zcalti din litlrot't
rr;llirc,prr:arrrrrzatccIa.liillrno, irla:"ancrce;rs,itn,,clrraizra.cinuIirorrnaripnaoczcr:tia,prrdcislnlroul rljitainttr'mii.rlllttalfpicrtuudl.ule0i 0u('rizpeclaasttlreirtr\io-liorlrrtlc)lt:airop(rrlocclattzttaiti itiit rrrli
[]00 firc

tlt'tt'tr t'lt

o rrri dc siuclri.e lotrgitrrdirrnlit.

3. Desene pentru fesdturi jacard

l'c riizlroaicle de [r'-srrt rlotatr: r:tr tnccanistuc.jitcar,l sc ltot pl't'ltttrrit" i,t
gcrrcLtl. tollc stlucturile ;i tipurilc rIr: f.csirtrrri d.c-qcr:ise l)inii rt( tnl] : !r':rt lrrt'i
sinrpli.r, lr.siitrrli compusc (plintlc (rilrc Iesiitiu'i -qrrmitlu].rle;i duhle rlt'ttrzcitla
9i rlc lratiitrrr.ir), fcsritrrri ttrbulalc. {csirl-uri tlrrble dr: rlifcrite catttgot'i i. t:rr tli-
\.('tsc sist('llrc tle iu.criilrn'(.. cll s{raturi altcr:nativr'" cu strirtrn'i tntrltiplc r'lt:.

4. Metodica executirii desenelor iacard

4.1. Alcgerea ilesenului

Irrrjrrtt.rlc rr l'i tlansprrsli le tiizlroi.,, lcgiitura.irrcard rrc(:{'s;ti lt Ii rcPt't'-
zortrr[:i ltt'irrIr'-rrrr ile-*r'rr ptt hirtir-' rlc <lcst:tt.
l!xistri posil,rilitatea de a sc lu.cra cu rlcscuc dcrrrrmitc..rlirt'r'tr:". r'rtttttittt'
rlin irlaginuIic : acost(]a.. sc Irc(] rlir:ct:t pe lrirtit pcntru tlcsctt. l)1: r'rcrttplrr.
rlil'r'r'itc [egirtrtli c1ep. Ieulttrli t'olr}rirrittc. lcgrituri l.lrttt'zic ('rt t'itlrr]i.tl'tr'lrl:lr'i
irr rrlzcalli" care nu -se pot. t'rettttIa (]tt it.ilttonll tttccaltistttclor clr iIt'.

in ccle mai frecvente ctrzuri se loloscsc, insii, rlesetrcle..iudiLt't:ttt" 1i atrrttttr',
ilcc[ca care foloscsrr cL.rnentl cxistcltr', concfctizale irr d.ivcr-qrr scltit,r, t'itl'{'s('
tlunslrun in {orrno idt:ntice cu nrodcltrl
silu in ,lirr.r'.,'
rle rlcscn, tlupii ,ootrtntlerilrortilto!ilio-uie Pr' lrirtiir
ilrrunli{ii.

Fig. 460. I)csen contpir:r I'ig. 461 . ll(-'sen simr-'trir
328

'ilor - J: Pfnprocl- q jduJJ*D
nJ u.)sJU lgl 1:-lJ
:r.Irl).r0(l

(lltf 'l-t.l ) r-r1 trs.r,rtl*r1r Jtr')si)l)
tr,r,rirt;.rs 1rItt1r usttpu.rrI lrrrs l].tp.irl'
;r1t.ttt1t-:sitj 'r.tttzl:,r cltl,lrri)a.rJ rBlu cIJa) rrr lp-rerrul' rtrnlgFlll 1nl.rorler rrt r.r(] .rllnllr
0'lr.rTlrutr.r o'.r.rno1J o).rrr1rro,r.)p lilourJli) l5r12l.);)'l,r
ilrtlt ,)l];t.ttrrlt: ('clc llzun.rJ
ri
ltttut lli) lri),1.)l? rtr.rel t^rzuczt.rolclt.nlo i)s i).nr;l'.r1 u.-,ta'(dtsrr19ttr'J3lttirl).l nJ oIrJSJl) -lrtilo
(rrlTrrtr.)s.)l)
r)

I tt t t; irr tt !.:zlrJltl.toJ i)s'.t()l t.rrlP.toq rl.).ntIllclltt! u1 I r7 r.rnP.tt)([ i)llnttr lllltl lllr-q e i).tlll1
1-l;ttlt'q.l 1.:tti 't-r lt1t1tr.rtttt:prrrr 1 1jIt[,]-s o-.r]tIrP .)|l:IIt.lo.l'l.lIIIt.l{}lI ILI .rll.r-,III
'5 i .;
lqt' ): ( o rr s.r'r.L.tr rr.r 1
1
ilr:s.)lirltrl)il1r,"rro1 r1 lotl .)JltJ'(rSrrrrP rr1 r.rlrn-r1 rr:r) rrltlrtP lt.) i)tl.)sJP -

rHunp nr u.rsa11 1.91, 5r.4 'J J0.r (l

-r.).r.r,r!rlorrL nJ rt.rs.)(l ;gi. 51,'t

: (aqt '5t.t ) Jc!.lrr).rrrltr;!.[.uuHrl..srr1ncl,url]lol il)il\lJro](l)tio)Jtnjl,n)[untJt1.i)l1tr:.u')l.1nrlrr,,Js)'trlr).ltrrrrrtltrtru:.il.)''i,rJltrlr.tlc,tTlrtl..lt.ItrcI t1t1J1-uq.i)ttl)rr-ltr.r'ttr,r

r,:rrr.r:o(.1l9tirl,:..ri.)rJ;l)l iOnir,:,r,i]j,,,.].:;il, ;j,,,,.,,1,

.)1,)r1ilil: tit lllt{ lili)lsJolt ll.rLrr rjlj1 rrl'rr.rrrltlsoi t:lJillrsqulll rt! J}llllllLlrltt0.i ptl!ltl.)z

-.r.rrl',tr:1r.rtnlr.lrrul.sr'ri.)rl(1.r.1).rtl')ultrt'trt.l,tlis)lrr.ruc1lottr,;r.urttJ5.rrs)lttJl.trl.)[.rrlll)lllttll.zr,'trt.:t'.lotl,tr.[1dJlLJJtt.ott,Lr),t)tttl.)Js[J,)ttlJ)si)(-_[

,166 I)r'sen cu {iguri rlispcr Dcscn cu figrrli dispcr

s:l I e, sfltr:.

Fig..lfill. Sdrila crr 5 iiguri lmpr;iqtitrle, fiecare in altl pozilic. Liniile groasc
rclrrrrzintl rc(crrra sclrilci, inr liniilr: snbtiri lcIeaua ,lczinclor':
M - Motivul ; rL - legetura cli n foncl.

I f)8

'lu,) t.).).r.1 l)()ut u! f rs()[oJ 'lr..ru.rrudslt i)1, 'J]-s!) pt;u.r-3oltrtr.1 's.)ltl lnl.]poru nc 1.rotlu.t
r.tl rlultilt; 01tl0rI r:lsai)r] '(.il1.r1r1 0l) .)rBo] tt irtl rnll[rcs.t1r
ilr '!.il:;)c 0 r:l Jn.ttrlu0.r r1

-n(.)r:t.:rrriit-uutlulrr.srnllrro.r.rtrt[rot.rr1ir..rr1nr::ro)tl.rlr1i,]rsoorJor?.rdzpa.l)).).,lrol?[..])lt:i.lr!u'(lll1u.[lllnu.,rrsoi]lln) ftlr.trtc.rr'lut.crtSteotlrorJl Slllrpoi)'l(i)Iu'lrlr.rri
i.olo.l .rlrorl rq'tr.millI ln.rltlrrol'1urrrir.r0 ltrlol)orrt J(l'PU!sts.l1 rs p.rrlurtlr.r or1.r1r1
pur(olr).1 'r-rlrrrrr(rr1o lrr1.q11 cel orJ'rluo.)l),)rl.I!r[ cd or1 .r,ru1 clttotl rs uelorrlo';

'll.l(ts.Ilttl lllr!^ l.l!ltl l-U '1r.1:,ru[ 1:.rrt1qs

n.rlrud';.rpottt rt.rlrr.rrl t.r1.rl .iri rr.rlu.rrl 1.rpo11 691, ;.r.,1
-,r.t u.r.r.rurtrlr.rrlrrq 0' I jdr.,1

'!,rnllsJi ur csnpo.rdc.r r6 'rr.rnJ!3ol [nuJ3.)p u! 6osn(I:^uuJl lJ

t-r1lod 1"- i).n?,1 'Jnluoo rlrJ[elu,rttt.rlJ Jrrri([o es n rl.rltIJd'pr[.)l)ott[ lztltrlo.r;tq
'69l'.3r1 rr1 1t:1u.rz.utl.r.r lJ.) BJ l,)polrr uu.r3.r1u.rltrod i)s',)p(ltun(l op r^r.rrr;r1s.ri

0 rr,rlil.rrl'nldltrJxJ J(J'snloJd JrI rj5- tjzl?ourJll l|.mt lnlrII0.)tl.nl JolEzUlld,(J.lo.I
l.)l)oru rur .)reJlu cS 'Flnuesap ealelnJaxa IS Flnlapour BaJeEaIV 'I't't

'r,JJ\J Js ,js .ruse,,J,, ilTl.;t",,li.'i:'i,;il;",.lll;'L:';i:r:;",1,;iili:i:'i.,',1,,:'"'

prucuf r.rntrp8;I reun s3rezllear n.r;uad erusioru nlJ.riuiedg 'g'1

rr1 ri (91 '(grg InJolJa=^) .,t;n.rUrr.ru'' lrrirzorI
:;n(.7ro;1'.rlcusJ)orl.lrlrorsrJ^n) l-!:q-gJ.Br (!)!l-u.rItloorljurzro,crlrjruzyor|l uL | (,,1t, pr.lr1.r.rs) riluu.lrlsB.r
rrrirzrrrl r11 (y.7
ln.rotoas) l]ldurJp orirzbrl
lil lllzr[uc,r clsc (Bzun.lJ o) lnlLrou.)P ]uJrlrJl,r t5'u[.)ru cpun'1;91 '611 u1 'I.il1>-liril
.).rltut tl! '1u.r1srr1r 'Jl:^i) lr.r.]il1 lsaJV' 'lut.ru \ nlrrt Jl,) I.[lltioecl i)P U.rs.)l) rrn llzt1r.lrr ,,.
r: rr.rlrrlt['11irzorl o]lnur rulu trl o.ttrrlu.lrrluo.).)l) lu.)lurli) riul.).)B':91 '5I.t trI
'01 : 0i1(fyurllrtrqlrotolr:r.sr ';rrl..r)ros1s1puo)1.t:n.r1rrr;proii..rr1,)po.)rliulr.s)Iou[io)1.l.)lsoFJttolrp..r.pltttrlrn.rrrltr1r.or1cq'g' rf:,r,itrtt;z
-tlu.).t n.rluJ(l

'rrlrTrrr,rrc i)lr: r"tnSlI cllnu-r nrrrr lms l^rrol) ulttrtze.tclrt.r lo(l ils ttJs.)l) r*tll,l,)ll ttI
'Jl.) gI:0I Inl.ro(It.r r.) snllu urt
'11,;f ilr; trr : (c.lvlr 'g9I-'iir.1 rrr : Bzur([ r:.rn11:ii.r1
rrldurcxo t)l) o.rlrrrp rritrr rrltrtou ri rzu([.)l] r.rn1r:ii.ry.rsJsop.;',r<

.. \ttol\" .).n?JJIJ ll.rlrrc(I '.ro;r.rn3r1 u o.rul,)ll,).r .)P nlllrp()tu lr.).Iezrpl.|.I u.rlllJ(T
'/il l;s II OI.).rnol.).)s i).re(lrI os-il1)u!s!l ']r/1 rir 1 lil.r
-(|1.),)s u!'.)unrur rs'r.ttr lrrolr ol):ltu.)s.)p ls-o.l rr (.r.rnolJ o).tnluo.) ol).ltli)lrIJl,) lnl
lso.l 1l rr.rnlBSJl
: i).nrol.)cs rr.rlurl rr1 tyi"rr.'thu1 ;tt;.rotle.t '991. 'ilJ trr 'rtlrlttt,rr.r 111

'g u1,r.rtls.r.r r:rjunlr-s tt.ilucd 'cr1a1s;r oJC[)a,t op-lJtlrld rrlp IIqulr;]ruttt:t ',.,rtlo1q" qttttritt
Jrttrntru r[r-.r]lrr ljln.).)\i} i):-.)si)[ll .toIt.rlloetJ ntlri.rttlttoJ lt.).nlz
-llilt rrrr IrInp'Portr
.tllr,).t'.)rl.)ls,) IUru lLJ.)rJ I-c l,ttt.rttl tr.ttrlqs.ri tl.IlllBr'i.)l Illtl.)si)l) uJ ll.tltl,l(I

,ro;r.rntr; e a.re[uerr rp Inpol{ 'A't

L)upir cxccLrtarca dcscrmlrri dupai modcltrl lles, in modtrl lirecizlt nriti sus.
sc inior'nrr'5tc tr'Ir'atra schilci. a$a ('rrrn sc crcrnplilicii in 1ig.,170. I)casrrpltr
nlorlr'lrrlrri ul,'s s-it tlcsurat o l'e1ea, Iolrnincl piitrate cu liiIirnea dr:4 nrur. l)ltlt
r:stc rrccr'-qirr cu dcscrrrrl sii {ic meilit satr rnic;olat, se crecrrtii, pe o alti hirtic.
r) r'('l()iI crr prilr'irlclr', urirrrl laturir dc tlonii ori lnai mit'ii (2 mm) sarr rlc 2 oli
ttliri tttat't' (ll rrrnr), rlulrir carl corrtrrrtrl i[cseuuhri s(r Irillrsl]unc in lc!r'itna

J'csl)('ttivil.

l)up:i cc s-l ('x('(rut1lI conturrrl ilcsenului rnoileluhri altrs, -qc plecizeazii;i
pozilia. si ntorlrrl rlc allrr.iarc a ligrrlilor: recipt'ocri, silnetrir'[, (lispcrsltil otc.
Str alegc ltgiitrrln ('lrc va sclvi la lt'licf alea figurilor in lesilurai (rlef i-
nirca ,,I{otivrrhri"). In exelnl,hrl din fig. 468 XI , s.a {olosit. o legritrrri atlas dr,
birtritrua. r'u ralrotrrrl /t 5 : ,it. irr lig. 'l(rlj st, prezintii rr:tcaua s(rhitei, (.aro alc url
rttuttrir tle 5Xir Iirrii. Lirriile gfoasc tnarr:lrcazir pitll'ilfcle, in carc
sc tras.lzii

r le sor trl.

l'cntrrr orit.rrtlrc. se rnurcheazrr pritrirIclelc relelei cu l.rulncrc dc ll I lrr i'r
|i, r'r'spct:tir, crr littrr, r1,'la r\ la li, dupii citfc sc face transpuncret.

irrrille tle a -"r'i[escna clcmcutclc rle conttu (o fnrnzir), sc Prccizeazri
lrozilia lrri (fic.,168).

Portm desclarca, ctr tlcstulii u$urilrtri, a clemcntelol d6 contur. in r'elcarril
st'hitei, r'tr hiltirr rle copiat. sc rr:contanclii a srr.folosi o bucatii din lscltrcnca
lriltic, arirrd rnirlirnea rrnrri pitlal-. tlin re{ca, cilre se tsiazilt pc rind, dcasrrpLu
Iitcirrui piitrat. l)r'stc pirtralrrl dc hirtic to1'riativti s,e aqazti hirtitr cu nrorl,.lul.
colrilt rst{cl. inliI contrrlrrl acestrrir sir coir.rcidri cu ccntnrl patlatulrri. I)rrpii
tfitsirrca contultrlui 1r'spcltir. il.r'stir s'' r'etuieuzii. pcnlrrt it prez('rrta linii prc-
,'ise. 5i, ill)oi" s(' rlefinitir-r-azir'crr 1ug.

llcscrrr:lc. cxecutatt'rlupii modelrrl aIes. -qe lnar('lleazri cu o crrloarc dilurrtii
rlt'nrrarr(ir rlesthi -*a (galbcn. r-cr'(l{} et('.). ltcnlru a se tlistingc dc fond.

4.3.2. Executarea desenului legdturil jacard. f)cscnul schilei. intocrrril
lsl cunl s-ir lrlt'cizat lrai sus ii rlistrilrrri t in rr'1ea, irrdicir nroilul culn \r)r al)iiroir
cfr,ctcle r:lt legi'rtulii in tt'siiturri (elenrenlele de conlur'). Penlrrr l se t'r'aliza"
ilsl. rlr'stnrrl. legritririi, este rrece-car sri sc t'-cccutc o seric de alte opcrrr!irrni.

4,.3.2.l.Impitr!iret htrtie,i perrlru. desen,. Se stabile;te inrpiirtilr.:r hirlici rlc
rlrrscn" rrorrstlrrd in Irecizarca nrruranrltri rle spafii clenlerrtlrrr pe directic orizorr-
llli-r ti \orticalii (prccizarea irnplir'f irii hirti.rri de rlcsen).

Sc ttit'cii" perttlrr tcsirtrrli eret'trtatc pe ri'rzlroaic cu rne,'utismc rlt.i1tr. 1'11pp
;rrr rlr-scn,'nrici , se rrtilizelzl lrirtic tlt rlesen cu irrrpar:file egalir" rlc crcnrlilrr
lriltiu lrr inrpiiltinr tl: {i. |0:1() ctr.. rlcourctt'. in e,azul rrnor dcscnr, mici, pro-
;roltil rli{cli tir Pcntnr rlcsitrtttl f irclol dc ttrzcalir ;i rle hr-rtritul'ii ilrl Irorlrrlr'
r,l c, lr' .r'.izrrl,il,'.
La tr'tirtLrri[r' jirculrl. r'are plezirrtir rlt'scne cu Iiguri nrrrri. cstr,nr]ccsut'{'lr
lriltia lrr.rrtnr dt'st'n sit ailrir o inrpitr'1irc (tlo sil [ini seama dc'proportil intrc
rlcsirttcit filclor rlt rrrzcalii li cr.Ic rle ]ritiILrrii i it car, ('orrtrar. {igrrrilc pot
itlriirr':r rlr'l'orrnute" ne|roltor'1iorrirtr.. I)c ercrnplrr, pcntrn a realiza contut'ul lului
1'1'1'1r pt'irt t'l'r'c'te dt'legatru'ir iat'trrrl , lt o Icsiiturii undc tL'simea in rtrzcalii es(c
cgitli"t ltt dlsitttca in lriil-iilrrrii, {rsle nccesarii o hirtic de desen cu inrpiir!irr. cgalii
(rlc crc11111l1r. inr|i-rr'[irca [l: li sarr l0: l0)- in (,ure caz ar rczulta rnr (erc
rrrirrttirl (f ie.,l7l ) : rlar':i" irrsii. s-ar lolosi o lrirtie cu irnpiu.finr B:16 sau l(r:3"
cotttttrttl fis-rrrii in tesatrrrri ar aptrc trrrtit fie in -qensul urzelii (fig.472). fic
irr srrrrsrrl lriil.atuli!. lrr g,.ri,'r.irl. irrsil. st.qtie ci. tleoarece, in tirnpul tcscrii.
cf oltrr|ilc stt;tot'trttc de f ilr'lc rle trrzealii siut ruai trllri decit celc srrportatc rlr:

o1o

Irrl ttr.rrl 'nr^l,s 1n1tu1.t rrJ '1r i.rrltlrrrl i)l:-,r I t?.t lll{I o.iltJJt } I.r rbr JD-lto.tff rtur rrrrrl
Irr r,ir .irrrz;rp rr! ljl tj.tldur!
,tt1.tt11 ,xl 's)lt) ltlap\ut ,)lso rlcscp u.r1n,rrl url.rlrl !.r,) lrrzrao.rr{ lr-q.r/.)sJ/) tt.tlttarl
12rlnp' 7D1ttta.|a !1t lttt,rsitp natatrtds.uD.t,[,'G' E' t-V
'!l.nllL?i.)l o[, olJi]J J rrt.rd ;r.tnl
-r\.)i lil r|lrls.),)u llo.ril,.[1])o.rfTo.r 1r1io 11.16[ ,)o ll.)i)J ila .ilp{I.)sJp rr.tn3t.[ olrU]trsrrJt{il1}
ur JlslrI lgirorlo.rrl g.rnffrsu os,sns rcrrr ol] uo.rri.rr3rlrrrl lrr rr.)sJl),r1r or1.r1r1 crl .s,rlir
'Jl.rrlrr:lr,r,ellr)r([r)lIt,nI)..lt)l.it.utrIflr:rr-iP,h)lr)'r.3rn..1nrt1.rr1urut;.i,.drir-IcrcrJ.rprld..lnrllr.Itr['lour'.a(marrll$ilrcr:o1.lr.s1,ort.r._lr1orn1iJlo,)rl|crnisi)lu.n)'t,Ir).ir;llrttlrorrrrl(cil.[rrotro:l]rdc\rolrt..torrltn)rll',ulri)ilo)u.)s..a)-0nulcr)tor.lrJpJr[rr)rrttl),z]9nB11;qt:o: 9u\,1i-I[6nor.rnnsi

i).nrluillu,IlJ rrit:rTs n,rlurl ,trlccdsoJ'q1nrrlo,rrle rtru 'FIEcrlJo.L uric;r,rr 1r ;rI
uirr t.rJtil n1 ollcfnnlo.r o1-

{t.i' - 001 r' 'lPJrl)r-crroe 1n1rlttrorc u1

ogexg

G,L) +:tdax
'rrriula,r rlrxlclu os'f1u.ir1.t,r,r crj,ra.rrp
,rrl .r.rtllU'tttto;il rtir:1f'- i)l) llt.rIItillrr llln,)111.I l| ilJlUc(l 'u.liJdsJ,r p.rlrrtrl' llllttsrrr
-tl.l,)tlr ,).rlr,rrr r;tr1rl i)l) Jllrftrl)r)lrfirro1 r.rrrPul.r a1r.r'uJrrlrrozr.ro rrri,ta.rrp ct['.r;ilr.re1ur

,)l).rIrrnrtl ulr r]o,rll u-r uJsJp n.rlrlitrl lltl.t!l['lt?.tJprsrro.l [trldrrtJxJ rlJIU.)([

rl.)rLrrsJl) .)l) r-rtr.ri)Jr' i)ls.) BllrJZ.l. ,ll) .rrlc.rrl *,).rs!)l) ,,.,,r.,,,,1"t1t:;,ti,lrlf ll..i;lll;i
ll! 'Il:l)';rtilJ.ttp o orf .)Iu,l.IOlrrr lI urJ rlllu.r]usn.tl '.rlulrrort.t{} tr- JlnJll.rJ\ lntI

o.rrr.lrii.qrlrt.1'ltrr)rryt.r[tnrrtl..rrr6u.r1.ltr)l'71Jsorsatlr.r.lriurtlt(Jrrll.),.r'tl01rrlq.r0t),I\tlrtllr('r-c:iridrllIfr1drl1tlsrtu6r)l1rocollr]Iltrln0]sr'srIu0J.u.rrfr3dril\l'rnsrp0r?rlltnrluo/jl.iprz.xttg..lcrrlclJrpL:laulrllnr0lprlrpli9.urtueololrn.lssrl::ti,rr))Jt.r11plpIc.q].i,rrqt)o(tlcr.:rrrrl;inrlr).r3rrIrrrrndnrsull'nucnJrs.Flq1rr,l(tr)l[lcrc()tlalcral];lPr.iUrxp]].ut.r)lJroor(rclorl.J]I{r;'rrerqrrrr1rr.urrt1]rz.r1)pr.cp4rirlp1riru1sl)lrrlFrsrcquoc[ro.clur)li

'1r1r1.rn1 p.rrr"qr.4 'Ull ;l,t 'u lllrt
.orl.rrirlo.rl r.'.rn,9 r.,1

-odstP 1t.tu.tuf nllnulcruusJtu (r:l.nr1o.r.lrrnrr) r.xrrrJLflu talsponnJ os l^rs.nls:r;l.)u
;'t;FlrlrclrcJrlil'altJlt',l)rts;rtli.slr)1l)tttpr.urrjlrntttstlt[,)lll)rlllrlnlllr.trsrl.lnI IrLzS?u.(.l[)cIlrlluIl^Irtsapo1.rislllr.rr]JlJrtlr.?trl(:ir[n.runrir.lrrrrs3J'rcnlrfllllu1j:l^rJJl.t)ilslrl:reI(lFuirrlplrssrrlopi)o.s'lrucJ;c'rlpl.rllcliilJ.i)tu(u[trtrllttr(rlr
,)lcJ 'l^?lltJz.rlt UI lr.rillIsoj uourrsap 'lo1r.lnzu3 no1n1r.ro{'uur rrt 'r3rn1l:1 Br[ \, l) oloJrJ

lslcusbelniriiupadra0lzeilneccuu$llarrtcuarzilici ,opinertmaliauiurrruaulit[ec irtrrateursvpauletl'elrme pilildftet"s:citl1rrll1ul'i",l.c.j-it:t1'rl'it'r.l'tit:t
scpar:rt, pc hir:tia pelrlru tlcsetr'
.,,u], S" trua"*ri. pcstt' sclrifa tlesenului e\eLrutat 'sclrltrat.
111 i11:oS[ ,,1,i (]ltttl s-it 1r..,,ir,ot rllti irl:iinlc, releaua dcsclclot'tlc |c .lrrlitrrtpiiiri

ruiorIr.lrrl ulcr.

l"ig. t713. Calibrtr tlivizor.

rlc rlcs.n. I itt :rcr-:sI t'orl. tlescurrl sc rIilirlc in pnrli r1ici, dt:finitrtltt--*t:' tot,rl,tii'
.. ,l.r"rl 6c pc hirtia peutru dcserr lrelnric ficcare l)rlrtc it tlcs"ttt'
i,, ieproclrrsd

lrri cxct rrtal :efrill.ilt, dupii rtlorlt'lul alt'-.
r,,li,r"r'tyirnriiriPt.etngii.or,lt-rrnlp,e,l.""l,rr*l,(.ilr,ru:,,e,l1asi,lltirc.,cis1tsrtt-ir;vp;i .rio'r:cnlziiprra"-anpprt,oalii1ttl.t1ir1rpiiI,efdtiglteeli.lei4nrl69rpli:iai4r.lr9^sfoicrirahtilzeilo4an9nt_itdca.:ea'ltirsl9ccqrunlcupvirlrnelieprzetirii.crnr'1actrcilriiteir,tat:aiintitutrslcttiirlltelricnlzrtii.rrtl:ll9tt,rr
li;',uc.ri,i,gu1rit,rrtriiuirctinrl.i-u-rrripilr,ifcti'iirprenecrate{alircrl"idicrztrlaeteiltsclstclctaeunrrt2'-rp(a1"ca,l9reorl4aa,n:1gtp19rileia6r, {n,vr9'erelcisruiptpmirc.ct,pa'ictpiiler'i,guit,,lielrb;ncihata)itorf,ht,liilzeiurraotiritipe-,proictdalpnitlnuiottr,lrrutaarLepdup{oceacrsltlteeeruasinlttre)pln.eliogteD-rsraaa'ttet'u('etrl6ltil'.'ioz:t:i.ritlinIaoIetr(atlaLtotrrrrr1f)ltt'i

,l() : ,'19.

r(Lri9rrrt:t.tlo1tllhrx9lreifrp,cicusrat.arrlpirbfeouratrcireclguirrpiralrt{iliaricvrlicitzcsaolifr(e'r)ierrilptier:ileeturiicgrpicu.tliop4tltl7alrc4rtle.glto'roirrnfipstetidc- c,srcta:aht,ite'to,cudlecrspaerperonzrrell-unLitratlt'\ct{l'ccirrrlitrrr{tritIgii\r('''1Il}i.l:7tl:-'i
,eiti,,gi,i1',,t,itr,I,i)ri"l'un-rtpr*li.irrrittc"enyiuxtrierlrftcolaarnltreLlnasrll,cc/rst;celrr.rerLaplrcl.laiuseslcitcrhapiizalpettir,ri(ap%rtleeierlrloh1rfia.ritgtpiia'nc4p(sfr-iiccgf'lnr.itlr'a1u6,ct6llcc, ssrcconupur(oluItijlgttts:')c(4etef'tlfrci.[;tit,trIccstorcttctp.tlictttrLitttlttrl'r

rrl) l

)(-rO r

'Lr.nllltrrJsJp n.llrrJlI i)r:lJIrl
)rl r.ln;rl llln.tillrrr)J l).).nlt.rs,'q 'cr I '3t.,1

'J.).t.)Sll, llllll l)Olll lll lll:s'll.llllll{,ri

rtjtrlu.rtTtts o(I'st;ro.rtl nlru porir u1 lt.ruthl tls r1.r]loqrJ lr,).r1rsoJ.)lr,rl:-.) !r.l?l);rrlrlrr.J
,rP ti.r0ic.rr.; lrojourJ op erj,rrnl uI aielB os'!l.rn5tI rr1 p.trlrlu cs a.rp.) l?.rn:lB.3orl
'o.)rslrio rr.rnllllicI Jn'l.lorlP^r 1lr :]sJ.r ll.rrI .)Pr\al) ;)s
llrlllisiii'.)rJltl'rll)tetIs.) (tl:tllit)dJo'op.rrrn1lsuo,rtou11I.trJnJEc:lpr^.cillnJl.]rflrrila.rtnl lF: .5)rol.lrl[snJ],rJo.td.rlrr.J) (Ezuo.rot"cttu os nrr-)

r .rI loLrncl rrrp c.luol

Jll rJitr[,]S r] -f.lp([ns rfiun[].n:de r;rn1r3suj u! "eurq.,oror1lrtt1" os rrrr
!tl)olrI\l 'l.ll
'.rtIrz.rP JJrl l).tuJpl tr.lnl ll13ol rr1r.nr1.rotle.r'or j rprro;r lll spe;)r t31c;rlsa.l
'!ilC
-.rqrlrrrr lp ils nrI t^lJu(I rrrnlpsai rnlnPItoJ olr.rrl([n ecrsl?l:) rr"ilu

iiL'z////60t!9tg/ I h z -r^r3o1 prl.rodll.r 1l:) lsi).I f.rfl Bplllp i):- fs lrnc[JJ:l F.ritl
-lllt-?rI u! ri r-t1t:,rz.rrt ut;t.rr:.irrl nlylues.)ll u.rn11fic1

'f r-.rJ,\rrr rrjunlrr^ rS TIrqr,qo([ alse Jup 'B.rn]

-l-?l|{[ ol):lJ:]J.i 1l:) 1^rcrsill.) B.illlr30l o'1rrro1 'n.r1 rr;rr1 .rur
'yp:.rz.rrt i)l) lr)eJe lrJ llcrsBlJ Ll-rnll3cl o 'n.lnFr1 n,llrrorT
.-c'uIl(;.i)rillr::rJinllnt"litr)llo!rlnslrlrtrr't1rl.jrt)l..lfrrlc,rairltrl[oolFir)llLlluul]ll.1-s\lo;u)';,.ilr))\..la)lrlvel 'crtit*)n.n;[)ptrl!.rs]!r.Jrmo[3rlil)rl.irf)1,iToIlrrlt.rlntou.lld:nr]lurl-:aii;sr[?l!r):;Jptrnr'lrllJrqnfnioalne!1apcel
-uol t) tS' tt.nfilrt lnlrr.rot.nlrLt Da.nlaldruol 'r'Z'f:'1,
''JLrLr.,tIr,ro'f;rrtJJl)ur!rr:rllrtIluoolzra.rs(lrrll'rlruycpTrrqrrlc] rJc[orlraripB,rf1irSllrrzI arbrrrprrcrnlJr)udrillo

rS a'zcllo.rBIu i)s us.rusotcrr olse'lJnzgc olottrt ttt,trcltt
-ourtr lsoJa alr-4,c t
u n.rlrrJd'rJnlqlsoJJ rrr nns e1da.r:;
lt! t.rn.rnluoi) Jorrn 'q.rnl gsoj rr1 ,trir.redu tl r.\J os a
il.rlue{l 'q1rc1;rsoop arjrrlle.o '!]lrsocorr rrasap n;1rrod nr1
-.rlil ,;rrI rr.rrr!iry rnln.ntlrroi u oJur.ru[r ep erju.rcdg

,rrri.r,rT,, o.,.?i .rrrn.rrniloig.,sc"i0n,ll,u,"rr,d!3rri.1rn,lr-;,30.r1;'il]n"rr:.;)l,sllilrl,liiuil1ii'ls'c;1],ulil:l,rl:ilr'p'lo:r'riril,TlciiIul,p;ll'Bl'1lnjrlc,rlrlr

..ilrJ{ 'l).nlr}rf

lllrrJs,)l) lrI cP oJo.rl cs cJl]t rr1 'psrz-nI.rdo.ril oriu.retlo nrrrr.rrl e1 srr r$ rr.r[r:s.o6p't'nIrlrrorl
nr1.r1r1 otI cceJ cs ariu.reclo
flsplo\i 'rrttEr!'tltlltrnluox ndrD).rD]1

Daci este intlicat ca figula s:i sc r[istingir l'otltc clar per lond" sc Iolo.
sr-'1(c, pcrrIt'tt lccasta. rrt'gltir,ul krg-iiLulii rle iontl. in Iig.,17[i" lcgittn't l'olosi{ii
('st(' lr.n ltlas :rlirrrl ll|oltrrl lcgiitrrrii /i ,l: ir. crr clet'1 rlc rrlzt:itlil (pr'rrtI'rI
Iigrrlrr) yi lrr r'l'et't rll Jrirtiitru'ir (lrcrtlu Iorrrl). lu carc s-ir a;rlilir t si c0tl !t':r-

1r rr rrt t rrl

Iig. .lli. ,\{otL'l crr rl;l,r'itt l;nii tlr.rptc 1i rrrllrt:.

(iorrtrirstrrl l)olt{. Ji ;i rrrai rrtlt'c. tltt ir se iltfc])rtir}tcazit. ltt'ltlt'u ligttLit" ,'
icgllrrrrl r.rr llotirli rrrli trrlli. tlr, crcrttltltt rul (liltg()lriti. iar'lrtntru lorr,l. o itlt.r
lcgiiturit, tlc r,r,'urlrltr un ittlas (tig. 479).
(liutl estu rrccesar sli se plot[ulir.l.iguli stn clcrrlentc t[e Iig'rrli tttai rlisct't'tr'"
il(rostr:t ror Ii errplinse ittlt'-uu Iorttl t'rr lt'uittrrrri lrirtzrr (.[ig.4li0) t'orrrlitia Il,rrii.
Itt,rrl;.rr rlur.qirri" lir lcsirtru'i[r:.laciilrl so folos,'su. i11 gellcrlrl, Lcgirtrrr'i r'ips-
.sil sl t't'spt't:t.c corrrliliit (ia,filportltl irr lliiliilrrrir
llillzii siut i;,,,.,j,a,,t.,i,tir,r.l ]lls(c nct:r'sirt' lirrri rt'st pr'itr .ritpolttrl t[c batirtLrl'ii llgirtrrlii
irl
rrl lt,grrtrrri sir st rlir irli
l]('n tln rrirrgini,

ti, tt)

roli:n1q-sri r:rru1:rro.rcl !" urnlrn:ts - lil

'PrnSrJ

rS [,uo] u! 0]i.r.]Jrp Fn113rr1 ne prrIrl' Ir.,\.'{l tr.l irl

'1n1cundu.r1uoc lscllde u-s erea e1 prucel ueseq Blt '5ld

ct h/

4.4. F't:losirea efectului ile umbrire la legiturile jacard
Prin umbrire se infelege procedeul prin care sc dtr unei suprafele sau urrti

tiguri un aspect plastic, prin efecte de lumini qi umbre. Accst procedr:u rstr-

ilustrat in exemplul din {ig. 480 fi este indicat, crl precaidcre, la lesltulil,:'

Fig. lit0. l)t:srn jacard la cale contrastul tslt' rrridrn!iat lrrirrir-rrrr FFtr
spafirr r:u c{cr:t. clc bltdturi;i in.jrrrul ligtrrii. E

.iacard" c.are produc portfllte, peisaje gi diver"sr: alte tablouli. li[tr.:ttri rlc ,.unr-' kfrEx-
lrrite'' se realizeazir prin trecerea suc'cesivl dc la un efet:t de blt:iturir, la unul
de rrrzeald si invers (fig. a8f ). Sint indicate leglturilc trlasice diagolal -si" in t-
special, legf,turile a1las. l.lrnbrirea -.t' poate {ac{l F=

pe fiiii gi pe figuri. a$a crurl se prtzintii crr:r:r- l--

plnl din tig. 482, dirr car'u rezultir rnodul ('uru se t---

oxecutl o uml)rire (1llie) o fipie longitrrdinali in). F

pe o fiqie oblir:l ;i fazek'olrcra{iurrii rlc FEr
runbrire (c). S-a f olosit e a legitr.rra clasir':-r.
/ple:n5tm,5fond, rtn atlas rlt' biitiil-trr"i. r:u lapoltrtl bl--.j

Umbrirea s-a {iicut irr lllul ru'rliitor': irr

prima fiiie din stinga, formatri dirr t'inci {ili: de

rrrzeali, se vAd nunlai lnrlctclt.r dr'leqarr, alt'
atlasului: in {i9ia urrn;rtoal'r de r:inr;i fin'. lir
Iiecarc punct de legarc s-l itlasrt cltc nl] t-rii-
L'iF. .lBl. Schila ccrcului nnrlrrit trrttel plin. Il fi,.ia a treia s-a ata5at citr.' {1,)nii
din figura 442.

:fi8

68f;

'ilal ur - J:EJrlqo ed:cParr.rIpr.rfuirIu-il g : pluurpntr8[o1 urlra:rp ug - a
'zflt ;:4

-e-r'DFs2{p.zJ,r')}rpZif1r:?1ti'l":jf?ir',rc.iolrr.lptlri'lrSTtJr1rSErrJq,F;rJoq1urIlu.ruSrrroolrnno(dpfr."furu?Rc;u,rr[,ro.tnlnlrrg.l4rn.or5r.lJul'e1utrqForrEullqudenI1rJnIz1n-"1rDug^,erarrilorpp-Ag;dsrEun:"o".n1rrJlrgrI,BaE561Fa-rgn:o1yI"11!Ip:r[icBoul..rl:)f'{)UJ'gieirE.lJ,Jplrnoo]Jn,tJrzr,oiJi,;r}ll:,prtill:cql.]ora]r,r1rPilzrrnr.;rrr11IrJrll,rrnurI:rpou1lrrjrtn"."i.arri);f:1o.lr,rnltsr,{tnIonclpir.:ulrtrni;l$,rlr.nJ'lisjulTnaide#.etrrr1lu"rolr1lelrifcT;qrecrar;lpoeIe*orpd-.o0pu.dL[,"::rsr.uru{aotlzlT,gllrrp),l,?rt,qqrcr,aau,lusr,r[.tr.,rrr)rl

a.irrf lt;l cloJ eI I rFunl eILrElolJ 11|r,ro lf n.rlrrad .,lr1r :llorlir.t rro olrrnlffio[ ,UzerX
ap r.rn1l-r8a1 €e llpr os c.rr.rqurn n.rluacl'otrr1 urjud rpnl i)JrJ urp o1i.rn1g-scj u1

'ggp 'Sr; trr
1c1Lraz.r.rtl Itlriurrrx.r rrr lBlrir.r0lll il-s rlur.r -,r.rr5.r1 ill).rol.)1.)uil,rl nlri?a.rir uJ c:lnl
os i)Ji.r{lr!!;rp.ro1c1aund ea.mSrilc,qnntl rrrru o1e}rle,a op olsa uJn}ljlgrl pulr)

rp s'rl,r ulr r1,.r r.,s ,*.',1e'e, ,;:"ilJ:;lt':;*lrT;;'l?l :,,:l,t,,ti xHllHfft:l
lepa;ro-rd t-s nl..rrJlr:lrra-\dr :'arrzllneB8lcca[uronpadlJrraJ;reqnou1lngp3q{orr1rJel-curPrr;.leuelrce:r3llsrelap1.rJlapJs.rpo,elcoo:llJasur.)rqrurudmlr.eroz.rJ,dnunJlsleo]uaspI3ppu-z!'n}ainle
os .r.rr.rgrrrrr

'(.ro1 e.rdr.rsuep nu rB) c,reFel op .ro131,,,,,,I r:1rlea.r;r n1 llluielr:1so1
nB rrr.rf]rr! cp alelcuncl orBc eI I3 B/B:}1 no,r;rnlplgq rp sBllp
lrr:;.torlu.r 1:lrrrza"rdal q,aBI,.ffId qr.rnt
-15a1 o-llrirp 1?lnooxo lsol l? o.rltc.,luqurn..
:^l?llu rirr

rrs11 ad 1o1 ',tr-sc:rc.s 'aa'rqunr"o ,.rort'tl-l''liitr:,0,,"fi{ il:"]":;iilltl r;,T}j:i
urp e+ged.uJ 'EIEazrn ap sEIlB errnIncs1pl'lql?.r'npt,rgTlstqeou"np,s splJp rr,n e1 ep sunte
lrur,' qngd (rr,rqurn) lrJFlrr! lsoJ i.rrJq?luI uFd ?1e;ts1r e-.s

oJalcu'rl u1 'ar*p1rrr rrJr olor,.rrl raq or!., 1e*u1u ,,*-. ,or1r,di:]ti;;t5-"it:":":j:Ll$

gregte a-qtfcl: l. :. :i. J. :1. J (rr,lit'ri in Iisia [. rrrr 1,trrt, t. in lilia ll, tlorri,r
l-peugndctItue)eracqi.o,ar.rri.gnai.pndoa.i).rtiiLr,ilencsltetcout5ar,zl eisaaillllitinaiualsrn1a,r)tilraru'-ilf.uldelLe,rirfeilSrslipilibeccr.ittticl t'i.6ttt1esc;t,lrieiittlir'iio'0rtrtrllr
{ire (atli,',r
tle hritiittrri;.

lirninc ca la legllula oliginarri, rllri 5 fire.

lig. 483. Umblirt: prin ata;itlc tlc ptttrctr: la tlr,'apta Irtttttrt, l,rl tle l,':{alr

2,A3tl.a4s.u5i -n6rn.l,1rl.it6d. inlt.'{1ig. .j4i.8I3: I'a avca rairoLtul tle 96'[] 5i rrrrrr,rtoiu'cle fi'ii:

I. rlcti lJ Ii:ii.
Raportul legfturii dc baza ra fi : 96 f ilc.
Unele legdturi clau aspect cle rimblire -[ari sir sc ttrtttiirt'itsr':i allsI lLrlrrr :
dc exenrplu, lcgitrrrile din fig. 22:1. 221 ai 225.
Urr atias ulllbrit, lt cale, ca lcgItr.rrit tlc ]razii s-a [rrat irtla-qtrl tlc ]riitiitrrrii
(jrr laportul R:10i10, 't'rI arca 16 fiqii, iar rapoltui tlt: trt'2,'rriat lr fi
R,':160 {ir:c.
In ntrrltr, cazLrri" clectul dc rLmbrire sc altlir:ri rrto, Iigut'i. ('lrnr sint. (lt
exernplu. carourilc (Iig- 294). cercrrlilc (fig. 4t30). Iirriilc {iurl}c (l:is. 481[) ctc.

f:-.ii-,;'r,j*.-e!i+^4r..*."t-1i;, -;- *:J..i*i
-i
:lr-+d1!1

* {,-,\ !;.r, a dret

i-**" i

l.r'i{6,*"i' ji!'+

liig. l{11. f igrrri in linii lLrr'},r'. lottttrt{r' lititt tttnl,titr:it itnui rtlrs.

?,1()

tvt

'(a ac[ltr t.ttr;r.tal) rrntrtlrl rrtrs (,1 .,.ri]-.ru r.nr.r.r.r.r) rrir:.r,r1;,rrl .rr1 r.rt 1od c.tu;t'r"lrruS
c-n'ar.l1"rlrr}dtureaaedle1prla.lrrr1pnr.nnrctplo3ruBl 'ru(e.rrofITtZt-gfiaB'r@IlI)otrl-BBDrIIdl!d'nualJpr.sllu[oI)rmafux1prral1rriltslJsun;rros.l)ssnarrIrpIl:IlBcl:JrrIulBr,prl,orp]rrlrrrer.trrol{lrs{rJl.nir.r.]urglo}'l.{lrrlllrurirr,arJ'n,pr){llJllrllsrtrr.Jut{.I,lru3n.u\srsurJupspsnr.unlrrp}JBc}uauaouerrtud1r
hnBS ep rJnpul.r asel 'g €arulifl 'n uourr8urrl : oJrraurrl,r a{.r.nr{)lfu{.rn ?Jr? r.{

'(airlrrrcn,rc) cur.Sruu n.rlued rrnlqiial
ul.rr;lrlrly q.rnBr; uI rd puo1 ur rr.rnlgFcl r;.i.ruer1rllr'rgl..,rl.t

'p.rucef uasap un n.r1u.rrl JIrt.nlJ r;lrn ujjllJS !fil .?1,,i -

| 3 _---

p .ilnI r

n0 t0

'pJeJtsl rJnlESa{

nraaunJeuEe6a[lsa.ruEltBs[pe]pJuJcBrLBr]IurpzmaJldqJFJegl toft-n'..irllJulo'ld?t..r)elssa').]ia)rl:r ellllaltJ.lpulr!rlal_p1rIlnJ.rEPrr.1rnnN1"r0r[n,r

paeouI rrn;g8r1 nr;rnd rolrla]reJ uaru]nJa\q 'c't;

liaiericEiGniddguchraiilderatefrl,eaaseisn(itaterptleulelnevgl;oifzr,,u;laelraepe;firierItacllarmrbciujlctooacnpucalitteparuiIsucuaate.ritFegrleiiniseg,"reviieialsiclfelilragcfisitxecairnoelraogadirLuorcrzfci,-.

sfoara, cind se insiiileaza lanlul dc carlelc. Numtirrl tle orcline al cartelei (rt,s-
pectiv ru. 17) se -qclie la capatul diuspr:e lesltor'(ileci" diusl'rte lanter:nii). Car-
lela aceasta corespunde baitaturii 17 tlin raportul de liiititturir (fig... a86).

Fig. 485 aratii rnodul cum se procetleazri 1:r per{of itrrril 11v16'i cattel('. S('

aEazi cartela astfel. incit numiu'ul ei sI fic la dreapta. Apoi se a;azii hirtil

pentru desen Ia rrn loc vizibil, irrveclerea citirii cu ugurinla a evoltrliei iirclor.
Citirea. eaoluliilor firel,or se face dc la stingtr spre dreapta. iar perforal'rla

c,artelei. dc aserrreriea. f)in fig. 48i'r. plasatri derastpra r'artelei. sc poate r,'iti
evolulia {irului lT rle ltirlirturii dirr raliortrrl lesirtilrii iacar'rl , in haza rrirtria s-a

fdcut perforarea (baterea) cartelei 17.

4.6. Pregitirea rlzboiului de {esut pontnr erecu{area unui ar{itol cu legitnri
jaearrl (pentru o lesituti simpt5)

l.'t-'1t1ir crctltplifir'ule. se r:onsirlerir o tc,sitlur;l sinrplri trrt icgiitrrlit.irtl'tlrl "
aviltl lapoi'rul Jl:294:196. ttarc a servit in calt,ulele arttcrioart'. lfrtrrtarrrit
rrrzr,.lii pe lirzlroi ;i. prcgritilca {c-eerii tuai cotnpor'lli itr''rt {} st'l';c rlc opt'r'a1.inrri

li ealcule.
Prrntrrr lcgalura cou-qidcratii ,c-a a\-Llt in ledcre rttr ttrcctattistu iltcllrd t'tt
lreutrll tlesctr. rl pliitirrl
il00 lrlatinc : din ace-qlea^ 294 platinc se irlt'clruirittrazii t.:u cele 12 platirrtr tlt
pcrrlrn ccle tlor.ra rnal'gini. iar tlouii platirre- inipretrni

i'ez,,r'vir. r.or: l i s{'o:rse dc lit rnecattisnr. drroat"efc nrl sitlt trct'esat't' itt t'aztil

de fa{ir.
St ctitt,ts,t dt,sirtrilo [esattrr:ii Du-'l(l{l ]'ilci1{) r'lrt -*i Dl:260 f ilt/10 t:rrr

si raportirl legilurii jacard I se pot calcula dirnensiunile (lrrnginrcu ;i lirlirrrrla.
tn turn) al,.unui ralturt 11e lt:a;i1ui'ri ialtrr'il . r:on,sitlr'rat irt 1r'si-ttttt'a clrrrl,r" si

anume :

- lirrigittteir lir pol'11r1111 l, '*i :'nnt - i.]..-r rrrtlt :

- lirrirrr, ir lirpolrrrlrri L_z Rll b: 2l:,u60 , ;;. I tttttt.

Deo:rrtt:e lulrortrrl de Lrr:zealii clr iii{irtreir de 71i.,-l l}llll sij t'tltetir rlt l-l oli.
i1 ltif irrrr,a !tsiiLulii cr:utle itc,ea-sta lit l i rle i;i.il X l [: ] 0l() lrtrtt rlt't i
r,iu. irr cA1^{r so adaug:i I crtr lrt:tttt'u cclt'ilorrii ltr:rrgitri.
= 10:i r:alrolttri rlr. urzcalri sirrt ')9 t dt' iirr'" (riile s(' t'r'littri rlc l. l ori ; rlct i"
in.
1rc hlim,ea itrtt'e;egir. l.esiitura \:a aIea : 294 )(. I1 - I l1(r fire dc rrlzealii' ll
riirire se adaugir tiO de f ire pcn{-r:u celc douii malgini.
Deoarecc !esitura ar:e1 pc inlleaga liif iriitr. 1,1 t'itpoltrrli dt' rrlzr'alii. tlc tt
platina se 1-or lesa 14, slori. r'espectiv 1'.1 tlocleti.
Met:1ni,.llrl jar,ard alt, li00 platiirr: (lirr:ii pliltirrclc c[,' t'ezrtlti'r)" ial rIt's,'ttrti

se tepct:i pe intreaga lii{irnr' : ;i00 ,"1 ll : ri 20(-} girrr|i. pelfot'al,o irr $it-c1'
r:induri lolglrudinale. ou'o cor',:.puntl la lclc ;a-se linduri longitudiiralt'tlc irlittinrr
(j?pl). 1'rin liur:are gaurir se tre0e (jitrr ti -.foarii. iat. rle r'alriitul rlc jos al lic-

cirrei s{ori rste lcgat cite un. coclete.

tl4 2

:'18

"(fel 55) 6y't'In\rI
.our rrr r.llirlzJ.l rurrJ 'n.lFau plro} IIrl ad qqlt quErS o aJ€ uJil]Fsai '.^.rs.rer :r4
'(:,SB'3g) lr{i Inar}ou u! Ellnzar urnl t:St 'g.rEuau u.rn8ry es-Lrpulttritlo 'r.,
-Inrzsor.t)l.\qat.lrrrarrdrl:prszurai1io1q1r.rEnrl[qElliqpo.crpJocIrI'Ir.r)Jlsnlslp1slol1jopnjrJ:IyJJirt'ln.ErrZt'.lBhqernl]osele]rlpaql.Jur5pl u'.qasrtPrFrutll..rnrnotllr(:l)l]J.Er1\rltIl.r:l gr"
!rtl
plol.; ut 'ti1l
Ir:r 'prtlnsucp t?'t FqlE uni]li]{q 'lrd. rltllt]\tJoilr lltpllo{ puol u1 1rtprloS rrri
uru.tol es P n,rluad '(iAt'Ftl'l1r-r In-rt]olu) q1e od u.r.itr'rLt
r-r.tFtatt u.mFr1

I'r'r'i1f i 'nldtLtcx.r "o "..'.iH:iT,Tj::H i1",,il:t,,""".T :'"';'lXlXfilfi;::i,,.11r,,,,,,,
JJs;| l-r.luor.rJJur Ba,l lur'qq1e JlsJ E.rEorJarfns e.rnl91q(i Bil orintlnsc.trl os qrug
'g ernir.:o'o1 Llit.lP IunJ
(lBI '.FrJ utp'7r
"'rqr.;ran1llt),qlr..liinlnlpFs-JeJf,tei).ituryrclc3c[unB1unfzl BFozElorl]]opI].rBq.otIuJoorJtcurrln1.?-.Iuplr.it:n]l^lEr{lllIiit{ J[) lt[t]lsrs tr.tttl
: e.trI g]- 'ir1 tr1
-tror1.:ur.n prlr,{p p.ls.rEl r.rn1gF.+1 Icun Inrlcsalt 1tr1rt;izl.rrlo.l .)i,].r
lilsi) '

prnlplpq op alqnprruas p,rnaut r.rnlpsa;fl '1'5

'J.ilJ ilP Jtuili

'sis l-lllOP Cf llllul rutll 11J IJ[]JI]"rJS ira]Si:rJSO[0i J:- l^rs "tl:sJ.]irtl ,]ls.]'(';lli.] Jtirl,lO;,
'lr.r;itlrr.rp'o1ap.red'aladrec r.rnSnld alr.tdJrp'91tr.1clrr
ooJeoaoa'rln3rl nc r)p Jlolii

'.ilu.ur.r.r n.rlrrld r.rnlr3soi '.".roI.m.rrqr-c" rdn.r5 urp r.ntlcscj) i.ro;n;r Jllllltt rlrlii uI

L.urFrl n:r 't.rlr{rr Jrrcsop prrrluaz.}.rcl p.rr:.ruf' r.rrllfslri Jourt lrJ.luztllli).r nJllr')(I

asndruoJ p;ece{ ;rnlgsaj 'g

.gtlB-I0t.r1aur1r:1.1 n.rluad'1t.ruo unop t tocln '00Ir-1c1ou11t1eI n.I;tt.id tl;t:o
u;'rl aurti:1rl 111111
rrlnrJcl'r.ro Fnop op Inuasap alsclrc os'JoIoIa]Juo urre.rolJr([
]r.r l[>*ruucaur un Rr a>- i ue[op lE rnlnrrrsrur?coul E[J]xBar n.tlrtod llEiltrrttf l-r]lplu.].,

"lfnlrgeu1rr-r"rIpdg.raeG.angec!riurleurrspzr.uI'o€nttrerr1ule)r1Jdrlna0lnr0trJu6'rt:.or.r,d}1!ctBon[p.eJ]Jo[EBucr.srrln:rrrrelur'0).c,0)dufre,t-sllen(l)grp:rlru'nr,nr]zFl.ulr;r{r)]t.lr]zlJ,|,.trrlr':)tr.u.rt.rl-L.rlsrsrlmtrtt,rrroparis'.1iartrzpt.l1rr\*;
-tro[r es : rJnpou gnop uI epeeo.rd aleod es 'ursrrrl])r]nr rl.)1r;lltrJslr rrn ep cunlisrlr
rlu F.\rl?OdseJ EeJApurJda4uI ?Cu([ 'eulluld 00T7 n;) ruslrlcDclil tln oP cro,\or{ Jls.)
'rrl1 00t ap Eleazrn ep pgodu.r nc p.recel Emtfsai o nJni.)xr os lr ]l.rtrlo(l

'00[:-I(]r

p] ep eleurleld n.rluad 'ertlrc erell e u1 rS 006-I0I clorrrluld nlltt.trl ',t'itlIr
Hnop e uI '00I-I epurleld nrluad eprng8 pzue.rol.rad es 'ortttrtr erurrd u1 'r.ro
lJ, op ersarrc as errJ 00r ap tireaz.m "n .L:T"i;;: ry,:';l ,.,,,r.l'1;:r"J:,0"$'rr".,
--'0ua.p0r fr';$lu:ularinpprrnsEquIaBo.r)aluzI!rnntzoaedcpoupSlp'oo'erdJlleJrUrf, olsote ep lurdo.rde E[uozJn a1i ln'019.ro'gdlur'0n0oI i]uat
'09
Is t 'g 'g'0I'ZI'gT'gZ,'09 '0gl
na arec eleuesap luls ealseru : (OOt: ,trlleclse.r)
-,-r,a(lu)i{rarJ1lluelro1!rdc}enlauropp!}Eer^nnlEr.lrpnrlut{r-Ba{'6}dtruuIen-illuurqrnIs€q?aIgJa.ror-lruz}gr[agrEazpIluueirraorrnzudJ.manalssaaop.eruuqialrllluauqarlddrznlJ0pnI 0yc'1f9lptl,-ntc1lrt.ot1pc'erl.u1+ra.r.rIultll'r.t)p1Ilfo-er'J.1turtlpdir,rsr)rrerlluoprir.l6clripJul1xtB.urt-aul1t1r.lt)ilf\'t9rlipo-ltrrr'

de lirReepsreezpeonattaerefaacgerafifeicpl rain-!.ndeesi elensienttuergi rjaalc, ainrdccauremtoaaitme uellet mdeendteoleu[lessisdteturnreii
sint reprezentate prin cite un spafiu vertical, respectiv orizontal, fie prin desen'
redus, in care, dupd inrprejurdri, printr.un spaliu vertical, respectiv orizontal".
stnt reprezentate doui sauo chiar, mai multe elemente.

L-3

t yB*a- r**-e^Rl- Y !,g* l rond
,

W

ffi
b

ffi

Fig. 487. Reprezentarea """t T:;t#. jacard cu douii blrdtur.i si o

In fig 487, Ly, este prezentat procedeul de executare a desenului integral

atr unei fesdturi jacard eu doul sisteme de betatura.

Se deseneazd motivui Mr (Iig. 487),legltura batlturii a, (care va avea
efect- de h_a_tdturd), legdtura bateturii b (care va ayea efect de urzeal6) qi se
stabilesc dimensiunile desenului. ln motiyul Mt, sectarul ,4. cuprind" 24'ffte

344

abt'

'lrnlBlFq tlnop alsad Eii8.l[ ttltsJzJn ]rJ ]:lu.IF r]Btlll' Ieigx]

-1?{[ ttrt IJ !1[r-lz?.r 'l.tnlpl?q Fnop g]urze.rda.r leluozr.ro nriuds 1In oiaJuoaq

'91dee;p

rJ l,rnr[ uJ Eztoursop os trurS.reur r: gru u.rnlqFaX 'rul 'a1uoF csBtuE.i a1a1ei9.r1gd

011r(i1 'r.rn3r1 lri rplunti '(oltlcrp oirlnrrn.rrr) lltt{l--q !IB n'.r 1:zeeleldwoo eS

'1a1r0nd uud
j01ri,,.ruu-r) ruir19Fa1 e1e.r.ruFc1 oP alolcund iS (aurltl e1ei9.r1gd ur.rd alec.reu) r
rrrnlr-:8c1 u1r: c.re8cl ap clelcund','lrlotu tq r:r rt.rnff11 In.rnluoc qzeauesap o(
,r)ulupa:rlusrl-sq(o.ra,lrl1oJoqlruturrtneur1satrlru$o'ilwu1eallcpzi)zec;odsJeeaIp.lIriqtineAlutl.srIaospcalslnuo;rrllus*!aolt(zfsqrurJloanllsllpnrllrro?iSertcl{dlIaas;ptrFnt-nle1-e.rOlr,o;Au'lunre1.Jrin"doE1:.rtrauo]l,radtn.e1raurgl'ol8e.aralnq1logpalqJleuqrqr
rrp e.rn1gffe1 'r rr.rn191pq e.rrrlq5al tlr.ir
qJnlplEq oP aluelsls inop nl
-ll

-urr:) 'g rr.rnl!l€q Inr\rloul lzeau?scp aS

rrrIriuosap r::oru.]ilraxo n.rlued lrepero.rd ]eluazarcla.r 'rpt,r,t?J.EeI?t.r;.ir,n9ltlntsre,ritI'tutrJs,lllP"rr*J

'r,,,, ,rlr'prrop'1uluozr.io nrigds rttt-;tluurtl rt1.r.ttf-ra't'rtes f l,t,,,.,nt ap a.rlJ 1: nes rall
'1nop'lecrlra,L rrrierls rin-.r1ur.rd'pu11uaze.rda.r'snpo.r'tresap un oJncaxa as ?s Iq
-BpuBrrrocal atrso 'rJeiu tllrltsuoltilP ltu preouf .rO1r.rn1gi.l1 OIJuoSap J3OJ€oAO
.tlrcri;lu:[i.r-r'llll'rflrnl ,rIlf)rnqluea1zs".l,n'(o1pg1,.,tir".rSutrilr
i]l-qJ rrer tS ltttl.ttlttt tl.t 1ttlt1 u"ttt1p3;r1 "2111 15'
u'rnlPi.r1 tr
,'f IS IT qlduerp eirl.xud uJ

".rtrritrrd nc uasep un'4ul {Ir|l'Inar}'BoJ''quErlgpqUalprueoulcraaslslEs lgunlzoporcdlooct'7c.'r*1.uu1L6r:l7incup.ount'i

r:rzrri,nrJn ,n urnlglgq Fnop ?dnp per.pB'z:.z rJ uA EJr-ilEll:q cp c{ur:l sIS lnop elso
.r.r1uip uri.rodo.rd,(gluqurlqcs IJ e ?:rds {f,Juolul os ?S alnqoJl EtusuPI r,tlra,tns o)
rrSrcills I n3 aJtoJ?qtllltl:}s otr3s€c e.rP InIoqzB.I BJB([
llE.ro]lllrrilr oJlf({ttllq;}s ?JnrEtEq o lzeoluJn ?r F.mlElEq o qdnp Eclpe)

.[ '(g

'I , cp o'lsJ ts.In]Lr.]Eq oP emotsrs ?nop sloc srlu! uri-rodo-rd 'r7'LBV'ErJ u1
'(B.r6reu uec) g u.rnlFlsq
lrFll
,!-reorF Brurl .r€r'(gqp uec) o tsrnlFlEq .-su1Juorzlua.rrdra*.r g1drt.ro.r3ul 'B rg J ?Jn19l
a1a.rr1 ,eurrices u1 ,1epa.r llts-s puo1
-(q ap g.rnFr1 u! ulp leJl pulo

'erjrzod rrnlql((l rlnop oloo Equtqcs 161 runc alllq Ient e8eleiul es e lulued

't^iqlo li u.r.'rr.rnltisei InsJoaer od rur'1.r8eeu r; u.r ern3rl 'rr'rnlgsai uie;
a, rt*r'1r.o11r311s19iq-'.rr.ur rI'rnrs.rJno1^gcsraoi d€iaBzJe1ao1d16qusn1'auorz1odtoallle!ist.rtrt(dEJrStrB.redu g1e:l-rpul '(fq1e uec)
uec) ejqnrrn.rc ur.rtl

rlltscrprrr 'g B.rnlBlqq 11lrr1 '1a11su runllsai rr.rn8r; e'rn19Fa1 gzeeuasap aS
'n-r8err ry ua
'n.rnlgsai uieJ ad ugl 1e;}se
r.r Ins.ror\or o[l JBr 'qIB ]J ts.{ rJ Inpttol r$) aiqnrcnrc urld E}BcIpuI ('rge lns.re,tar
at{,3un1 ozolol1 Es'(ErFearr a}s6 a.Iu? BJnlEl?q

.rer 'rr.rnlgsai uiul ed 3urr1 azaroll rs '(9q1u olso erlec rs) oruld alelai9.rl?d uud
g1*aiprrr 'o r.rn1g19q 11cu1 '1e;lse il.rnlFsei rnlnPuol (.et7-rn1lggFte1 'FEzIJB)aurar;srenP5roJS1ru-n1
'?s€orF irirq o-.r1urrd gcrpur es
ulp rrnlglPq raun-opc p1de1
-,1u,o"r],r',riror"u-B" laBse-iilpnuolpuri'u'easrelopurutu:rppunrgdnsi6.rroltarl!oJ'anlllou1out (traso-p 14 'cnpo.rder eg
'(rmlplpq ap atualsrs eliqure qlttrzardal as eceraoap) u'rnrrr
-E{l op rrrJ 9I r$ gleaz.m ep e.ri1 77,'t7 Inuesap '?rnlPlti2q eP oJr} g t$ ?luezrn ap

I
r

i

n

irr Iig. lt'ri l,.r^ 1l'intr'-r-rrr ipaf iu orizorrtal .{irril r'eprr'rztntate tloui b*taturi.
lucru de caLr trer]rLric sir se linii seanra la perforarea cartelelor. in scnsul r-ar-
l)entrlr fiecart' >palili or-izontal. se perforeaz{ doua cartele 5ini anunre:
pentnr birtirtura {r sc pelforeflzi cartela, tcolo urade, des'en" €ste uu
pritralel plin sau o crufe dreapti, iirr pentm rnargine. ar-,olo unde est€ u!r
ptitrltcl cu t.loriii liniuIe orizoniale:

-.en, l)cntrr biitirlrrra b st-- perforr,azri o altii cartelii 5i auLrnre. ai:olo unde, fu dt'.
es1.e un pirtr:iitcl gol. iar: pentx'u rnargirie. acolo und('
plirr sarr uu pitrifel
€ste un p[tralel crr doui liniule orizorrtale. Bste ri,ecesar un rlurnir dc car-
tr:lr:. r'itr' firc cle Jriitiitur:ir iire Lln laport. In cazul acestei !esaturi rluhl.: rl,'
lratirturii, numrirul de <:artelc va fi dr: 2'X 24:48. Acestea se rnunej:oteaz.i.
rle prefr-:rintir. cu rlotLir culori di{eritc, deexemplu. pentlu cart€la rr,., r:u I ltl-
lrastru. lar Pt'ntlrL Iirnl rlc Jrirtirtrlrir I tlitr sistemul 21te cartcla 1,,. cu l veLtlr.
Sr: stalrilcsl.r' regrrlr pcrrlLu Perf61*,'uo cartelel{)t. Dac"i se ia o linie tar,'
culrrinrlt, Iorrrl. lcgiil.rrrilt dc lorrtl si r:elt-'pt'ntttt figur'ii" cle exernplu linia 4
,iin dcscnrrl clin f ig..lti;. 13. (:ar:c core)sptlndc hitftur:iior 7 si B din dcsenul trr.
Lrrrniileptc ils la slirrga la dreapta^ eonoornitent,
rlin ar:eea5i figrrrri ii sc biitii-
I (din ls). 1a biitiitura T sc r,'itegtt:3I:isat. I Iuat.
l.rrla I (dirr.l,1) si lirria
2lisat,3 hrat, I liisat" i) hrat, l. lf,sat. iJ luat" 2lasato I luat. 3lisat. t hrat.
i)at'ii sl ulnliir'(rs[('linit.J ilin fig.,11ii. Lr. se oltservi r:u. lrurrctelor de lc-
ganr..lnatr'" rlin biitiitura 7, Lr corespuud pritr:ilele negre si cmciulite. Dupri

.l{reasta. sc stabile.le cc sclnr}c corcspund punctelor cle legare..luate" din bi-
itiiltrirrsral tl.i:ji l lrrat. I lris:rt. l] hrat.2lii-rat, I luat.3 1luat.3 l
iuat. I hsat, hsat. lunt.
Lisat" 2luat.
T)atrir se uruliirc;tt" tot de Ia stirrga spre dlealrtu. linia,l. se yttle ci lruri{'.
tclor rle'lr-'gale..lnatr"' rlirr birttituri"r B lc corespund. irr tinia 4. p;rtlirlele albc *i
1.r;itri:rfclr: ]rcgrc li. in acest cirz. se poatc stabili regLrla pentru perforarea r:arte-
ir:1or. calt, so irplicri la toate carte:lcle ;i anume: ltr cartelele nunx-.Lotatc t;t:
tll.rastru sc perforcazri pritliifelele ncgrc $i cruciuliteie. iar la cartelele rrullL]ro-
tato clr veLcle s.e perfoleazir p[trilelele negre si celc albe.

Aplit'ird regrrla dc uriti 2strlsuapte.n.h1.'ulislianti,aiiBl.ularet.nIttulirc,.aattt.e3lir rrurnt:i'otatii cu {:i
irlhrrstnr ce tritcste: lJ Lisat. I pen.
luat etc.- iar
trrr raLtela nulut)r()latir cu 8 l.crde luat. lisat, luat.
-qe cite$te: 1 2 .tl l.lsat.
I lrrtt. il lilstt" I lrrrrl.,i liisat e1r:.
(lirrrl sr: insirileazi langul de cartcle. se iu o cartelir cu numir albastru. riprii
() curleli cn ntnttir verde. Aceasta se face cind proporfia rlintre cele rloua biita-
trrri cstc l:1. nclicir alunci cind r;-rzboiul e\c{'utri si:irirnliarea bilaterali a

's rll'r:icilor.

Cincl rirzboir,rl erecrLlai schimbarea unilaterala a sul'eicilor. proportia ilintre

lrirtiltrrra c;i bitirtura li cste 2:2, cnrn lezulta din fic. 487, L2.
il) ilcest citz. Ilcfforarea cartelelor sc J.a,c{-r,ca rnai su,{^ cn deoscbirtra cii liru-

tLrl dc cartcle se forrneazii tlin doua carteic nrrmerotate cu albastru. alternin,-!

t:rr dorrir cattcle nLtmrtrott[.t: cu verdc.

5.2. Jesituri jar:arcl semiiluble tlc urzeali

O uralr prrto dillrc !esirturilc jat,alil au fignri {orniali-' lilin r1,ru& s,ii-
lcrttl rIc rrlzt'li ri irn sisIt:r'u dc ltatitti.rrii.

l)e escrnplu, se c.r'r' sa sti cxeulrtr. intr-o rtesirLurd duhtra ,lt ttrzt'nlii. pe rrt
,l'orrrl lllr. o {igrrlri nt'rslir. tltrpA ntotirul ilfr din fig. 1{lE.

.,4t1

- I (,

'inuTilrlrtti-rrlll\ot(rts3-.lcloJ.dblrneci.tlrr.rllcrrnzr-l1crr'pr,nd.)ir:itr,fsurl;1JaInJlrrullrlqrJlllrliuq!l'zna-.Jr.sI\)n^)uI:Jr!rliIJJ;iF]€l]r.J:i]r?rlalt',J'(rldzJla.,llrtul'lslr]nnBgn(lr?'l.oir'rr.r1t'id.rgr1lTrlslr;f1rl{r.l.r.ur'irlSsrrl1.rlr1i(rll.r1l1lrt.:irr1sllnl.4u:r1t..1?3rrq-iuo1tls]J.iB,'.:)irrrZl1i/il.tirnit'llizIt1lj,.u.t.rrr.):rlr1glrro']o[l1l.rfrl)r1.s.l.irrlJlrr'l|:.ll'rltioi-rir)l1[li.:17r.ilr.)ltir(Lt;ui.lrrinl1-lpn\.rlr:^rz/1]l).lrilprrlrrnJc.u'rzi-]lo'.u:iprl,lJ.lrrlriZ.rtti:.irlo]ri:Ipup.il!
lr-rttrs..t,il/lzlltJrls.lril.rrrl,,i)rZ.rrr.'iiillrr'lrllli.rr+JrcllIrlrEn;uIzJ;lr:lrJlssloJri?l.lt'rJpfJtLrr?1lorrIt.lsIl1i.lu,Is)Jz'!.r.rr.et(ttr.gr-ctroirrls.tirrl'on1DJ'7r);.llrrrn:.n1ronBtrP1.rlryziiu.,rrrl!1rl l.i)rlii)'i.ntrl)rit.lotri"IrlT|lni.J.l|:l.F1.snn-.,-r)l,.t.rl),)l1t):..r9lrq.-rrrizlz);utrrftlr\.Ul)llp-t1'r..rrry.rsi),r.trl.)rrP)(i;ll)).lt.;l.Slrl)(z(2It.n)l(,tlli

'r? lrluo>-op 1rl l^lTuJz.ul ,)ll .f.tr.l r.:rro1r irLrrrds.).1().I rI',tllouI
l;'XtuirriPru.rlr);lss.ll:r-rl1tlltr1r!7illlJza1Z.lrPi..ll6ntu.t.i)rrll;sli;)ls.[.,](Iprrt1I)uiarJrtrztJnll.icrun:[;nIBaJ'"rtlt.r:orjE;r{3r[ar','1lr{,)(r.rrlrtf1tirnr.rrg]rrcdnlo.ufr.letrli.it)ogltgl.'u.qu.lr.ll)iiorJ.ql.izlti:rtn;J[]trflprJilrmrrr[liri]errSi.;)s'.rs.riu)u'lIle;nSrie)sItr--n.-orlrIrnrql/5lr,ct,ertu[{LJz.}lrB1LBl}J.nrriJlr,).rirr}]..:1lJlr'lnt.[o.J.rltl.pll.tr'i)lrres.,:r).r-o.irrr.ra.1itt1r?Up.,rt)r)l.'l.ilf-lr,,1l..liu})rr.l^,t,..rr:);}!u.-..l\no,rltrrl.:rrl(.iLul1}t,r.r{tlrl)rltio:.:l}.)Lrr),r':r)l'{J.rq1n[Sf/).rflr-u.ir,i1-ltr!il{l;rll

'rj.rrnl!l!([.] ri rlilz.ilr trnol] nJ p.Lu.}r:l r.rLrlpsti r.]urr IJ.nrlir.]z,r,rrl.r11 .1;P1 "-r-1

,ffiffi0j*
ffiffiffiffi*ffiffi
r:-j //t __J,_ a 5il l

frffiffi.g ffi r{

)i4h"r

3 '.(o @

ffidri\(.?:)

ffiffi (Pr'.)onli't:'

u! ,pe- ils unl, 'nr5au puo+. rprrnroal dunr^arqd1,cp.rr38.elne5t1r1r3orn5'rrrJ.ronlgeas.orgfdletr.ls6,rortrprrI.nren^drlqlos.uree{jl,

'tlt: lnrrrlotr u! epea as tunc'qle
rriel ;rcl i (p e.m1gFel u1 opei as une) lqnsopap crl 'qq1u eac rS u.rtluieop cel
L:zualol; r.r5narr BIaezJn'g.rnFr; rrg rer'(c e.rn1g"qq ur apar os turil) lqnscpofr!
r3zue1o1 I rlqlB Eleez.rn,rr.rnl?Fai trilptrol rrl
Irl'p.r8uarr pirJ rt r:.rctrnsr:ep orl