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_ L~D{ Ly rC} Qw LSx Ow L6x G{ D )]} LQx Gu O}{ ]Lx ${’ G{‹  ]Cv
LSx O}w L6x G{ E LSx D}w %y 8{ <y L~Q{ Qy )Z} ]y 2x Q}x L€Gz rOCs
LSx U}w L:x )G} PLQ’x Fz‹ L~:w Sy C{ Q}w ( RHvC€z LOw Uur5† Qx
PL€*x U{ L†O{ Uz ([(E† zL L:’x Wy S{ Oy (D‘ [yC}z Gˆ3w Gx L0…x F
LGSHFGCL ¸}HzrGLy L]†x C+z J{  CrO} Hy LUx :y Wx  CrO}
G[z(U (S€Sz )0Lx Hy R(Y† [|Ly RrH}Uz  LOx $}y G
  LGSHFGCL ¸}HzrGLy G<…z C{ Hy H GC}w [y( L]†x C[zZy Ox
GYz LZ’x Gz OCw’ [z8y Lx L…Gw rOCs ])C‘ Dz Yy _ PL~Gx rOCs
LFwEy r$  O0™z RrJŠ <z  OC{ P€Lx )%G{  O0™z FrZ~ Wy Ox
DOv 0z’ N{‹ (Q~ Gs}vL D[vU}vOz (D(:† zL I GOz T}v RHvC†z
PGv’ LWx $y R(U… L$x {L _ G…3w Gx J [LU}x (DDy )T~ LHx
U{ Q}w r: LQ~x  L0x P€Gv L]w )]} Wy 8x $y ])D} [zJu

EZ

LS\ \FHJO L KS L\LO\ PHLO [WT

)Q€Oz  ZJ{ 8y <x LGSHFGCL ¸}HzrGLy  G<†z C{ Hy K
G[zrQ€ :y Cv /L†Ov Cw )*} U| L P}Lx )% ON™z Oy EU{’ Oy <x ‹
L[Z L&†x Ty J{ L†Gw rOCs CL L$}x %{ 8y Qx PLG’x rOCs‹ L0}x
LSx ~Cw [y{L PLG’x rOCs‹ LSx €Qw &y Z{ Ly HFTJ DL]N
L2’x U{ (J– 0y :y Lx  R5v _ P…Ew [yG{ <}{  OC{ DL L[}z[yr:} Dy
L}SzrFCu (S†3w Ex Q}z )QF€wL[x)G} Hy /} Oy LJ}w Dy  )QU†wLSx Gu
(F~Ny 1}z Lx Hy )QL]~w Wz— 8y  [D{ &}y )QL5’x  ]C+{ J{ EL
G~1w 0{ FL ([5}w T{ Ly :J{ †0{ Qx ( GOz Cz Q}w ( P€Sz )CEy Dx
PLG}x rOCs L0}x (U’ Fy }wLH}y )Q~Sw LCw— H}y Gˆ1w 0{ GQz Jw Dy
GOz T}v X[v†Cz Gz LTw Wy C{ Oy DrZ€ Uu}{L$y O†:w rQ
(DDy )T~ LHx DOv 0z’ N{‹ (Q~ Gs}vL D[vU}vOz (D†:| zLHy HK
OrN€ Cs O}v RHUHSL DL]N L[Z R(U† LSx Ly G2z G}w IK [LU}x
[L:†x Cz _ L…Sx Cu H}{ IL (SLO}x z,H{ (U’ $y 8y Lx‹ CrO~  PCx
]z L†Lx Gz  L0}x /&~vTy J{— [Zv r$’ O{ R~3w [{Cu H}{ /}*vU|
L}*x U| JL LO}x  [Y{ P)†L$y T)S’ Qz (‹ L€Ox D†%z 8y Qx

FZ

LS\ \FHJO CL T L\LO\ PHLO [WT

L$’x %{ 8y Qx ‹ PL~Gx rOCs  L0x G[z2€w I{Cu /L†Ov Cw
L&}x Ty J{ L~Gw rOCs

\FHJO CL PHL

T GQJOQO MOLO

P<z Ny Qx ](F€Uw R:†{ (: OU{ J{ 6}w S{ Qy O}{ C

_ )]Š )6G{ $y D F2}w O{ Oy F†HxFzOy
G~Dz )Y— P[ˆ{Cu  ]Cv Hy PLx [}{Gu}S{ P[†{Cu ]~Cv
JO{ €Qv  CLEw $y P)F† Cs  ]Cv .†{,H{ DCz’ )L D:™z…z,H{
(S<†z Jy S{ Iy PLG}x rOCsE VOv C}z [†8z Uz PLSw :y
(SO}z D~Dw ):† <y <z Wy S{’ Cz‹ (S<€z Yy [{Wy
GWz [y '<€z Qy Y{ 5y X[v†Cv G<z :y U†{[yGx F
/† 2y U{ G]z LC†x [yGx G GKz Q}z  LNx Gz L[†vDz :y
G<z ]…{ Sz H GO}z Uw [y<{ RxL†L{ (S]z’ LZx :y Gx ‹ G€:z Zz
K:v rZ† LSw’ 5y Qx ‹ T€Tw )S]y Gx Oy T}3w  /L†Cv [wL1}x
GUz L:x )G /LF€vLFx Ly R(Y† Oy J}z wL RU{ Q}{ Oy I GOz T}v

GZ

LS\ \FHJO CL CT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

[~$v &x _ PLG…x rOCs J HSSUH DL]N L[Z LSx }Sw Uu H}{ /† Sy LQ}x Ly
ZQv UwHy P€Nv :y GZ~z1y J{ Cu GIzrO~ UsC}v— ):’ Fy Z™z $y
G;v’ S{ Qy LOx– Hy _ FUzŠ Oy Ex L…Ox K F&}wQ{ Cu ])0† T|
LZ}x Zy rJ} Qy GF’z(GLy‹ L:€x Cr[ I)U† Qz PLx [}{Wy Cv Hy
.LO†x :y C{ P)F} Cs OU{ LY’x Jy [{ [LT–x _ D…Cz )Q L
LQ†x CL LUx U}zr[]y Gx ]:v †Ov 5y LO{’ Uz‹ L€Ox Uu}S{
P)F} Cs  FU{ LSx †J{ Sz LQx [)Y€ Qz [LU†x LSx O}w Dx rL}
 CrOH}y (S<€z Jy S{ Iy PLG†x rOCs G<†z C{  CrO} Gu DL
(S†1z  GDz G}z EL (SL]}w )CDy Yx $y PLG’x rOCs‹ C~Yw ]w
PF}zCz ]U~{(:<y CHy:z’ Hy‹ [€6z Qx ][†zIy Uv
T(D~ zL C(G’ Hy‹ OLx €Jz  G8v Uu}S{ PL~Gx rOC$}w FL

(SL[}wYz

CT ]LDD ]D\O GC[L MO \L PC

GU†zQy :x D FH}xFzOy ]S{– LEx Sy  OU}{ _ J{ 6w– S{ Qy O}{ C

GDz L:’x Zy G{ ‹ L]€x 3z [x PLG}x rOCs

HZ

LS\ \FHJO CL DT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

C[}zZy Cv /L†Ov Cw _ X[vCzŠ Gz G…Yw Zy Qx E L]}x 1z Wx <y
LSx J}w Sy ]{ L3x †2v Qx P([zL [(Y} $y L$€x Ox VrK† Uu$}{
L~Sw 5y Qx IrU’ ‹ O&{Ey Qx L€Ox G†Tv Jy Q{ ]z L†Lx Gz  L0}x F
GTŠv Js C}v PLQ€x Oz )U} /} Oy G™z C}z Dy  G[z(E† Cz G D}wL)C
PLG}x rOCs G<†z C{  L0}x H GOz 4}v /L†Wv Sz 0y []v Tw Dy
/Q}v :y L~Cw [yLx ];{’ [|Ly‹ <z ]~{ Sz L[€zFzSy Ox <z Uy Q†{ :z
HL]z’ )S:y ‹ VLT€x )< .Ov Q†v  LQw Ly  OU{ PLQ†x zL I
L†Sw Wy Ox PO}z )U D†:w wL J [rF} Hz [rF~ )Q0y
R…0w K (G[}|Yy Sy Lx RQ†{ ]Qv’ Cs }Hv‹ FTv ~Jv PLG€x rOCs
_ P)†L L[’{FzSy‹ LQ~x 1y :{ O}y FU€{Oz /† Qy :x G[†z2y I{Cu

P)L}

DT ]LD[U L[JCH GJSQ L[JC H]HC [QHO

FH}xFzOy [)Q~ Iy Qx R(]’ (FLy ‹ OU}{ J{ ~6w S{ Qy O}{ C

G†z,Qx (&} PLG}x rOCs OCv .C†{ D
L[}x(Y C(G†  .C{ E L]}x Uz (:} Ly (32v’ Qx ‹ L:€x Wy S{

IZ

LS\ \FHJO CL DT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

G$}z [{ K)2~ Cv  CrO} L$’x %{ 8y Qx ‹ L]€x Uz (:} LHx
(Jˆ 6y [™z<y :LCx  OU{ (]† ]y )G} <y _ GSz …Cz  FU{ F
.C…{ G G}zL(J&y G{ [F’w%z‹ L(K€ Sz [LZ~x0y P~Nv 1y N|—
HL~Wx $y D~IzNz— (Yˆ [yLx J{ L&}x G{ Oy (Y† Uu}zL _ )]Š Cw 9y Qx
.C†{ H GOz T}v  (OOy Z}{Ly P$z’ [yZx Dy (‹ (N[€wDz Ly
L]}x HzZy <x (32v’ Q‹x  L0}x L:€x Wy S{ L2x )&† PLG}x rOCO}w
CrO† L$’x %{ 8y Qx ‹ L]€x Uz (:} LHx L[}x(Y C(G†  .C{ I
LF€x )DNy ( LU†x :y Lx PLG}x rOCs OU{ J K)2} Cv
)D… (J Ky $x K PLG}x rOC$}w LT’x Jy Q{ ‹ L~*x U|  [(Y}
P€Nv Dy D{ Oy HL~Sz Wz Oy  (N} Wy :x PUz’ _ ]UŠw  ON™z Dy
ODv ~Gv _ .C…{ L GOz T}v (S†1z  GTv Ju Q}{ PLGx rOCs
PxL~S{Iy CrQ} $y :L~Cx LSw— $y DˆIz0z PFzCz  L}Sw $y
 OC{ CL FJ{}zL ODv ~Gv Qw G2z Gw’ ‹ ])O€ UuO}{
_OLx …J{ (O~$z Gy <v—  OC{ OˆIwEz Dy ( Z:v rU} Dy (J† Ky Dy <x
[$v– &x _ ]…J{ C{ DL DO}w (]L:~x <z  OC{ D(S€zL L0}x

JZ

LS\ \FHJO CL ET L\LO\ PHLO [WT

IrU’ ‹ L~0x L<x Uy €Qz :z (I~ PLx <}{ :y PLG’x rOCs
G<zŠ C{  L0}x FTv €Jz L~SzrFCu  /} Oy ( EL PLG}x rOCO}w

(G8}w UuQ}{ 0}y :LC†x Oy P1w :{ ]y

ET G[HJTD JLOYGO

[~${ Fy Qx $y )]’ )LGy $}x ‹ F€HxFzOy [)Q~ Iy Qx C

G<z’ C{ L~Ox Cw _ PL…Gx rOCs D GF}z(GLy
/† Oy 'Q†{ 0z L:’x Wy S{ _ /Š Oy GCz– Qy Y}z -z [~vJu— :}{ Cu
R0w E PLx Q}z  LOx $y V†wLUz Hy Gz,Yx  X[vC}v $y L[€x8z Dy
/F}v)DNy ( /’ *y U|‹ ])C~ [yOx /]€x LIx Ju :Fvr7† ${
L]~{ Wz 8y PL,x’J{ Q}w ‹ /} &y Ty J{  D)K†  L0x F
/’ Qy :x $y ‹ L€z,J{ Dy /† Ny [vD}z Cu R†0w G /Sy (J} $y :{ Ly
U†${ 8y <x R:v F}v Hz DOv †Jw )Q… 0y H L5}z N{ C~9z Cv
 PCx I L5}x  O1v G{ Ly ])S’ Sz [y‹ L]~w Wy 8x Hy L:€x Wy S{
 G%v Gy Cv ])[’ Q| :y C{ $y ‹ LU€z(YLy  OU{ /L<~x [yN{ Iy
OYw Dy ( L€1x G]z [†zIy Uv ]z L†Lx Gz  L0}x J .$}z

KZ

LS\ \FHJO CL FT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

L$’x ‹ /L[€vJu C}{ L:†x Wy S{ GZ†zDy &}z K R}3w [{Cu /L†Wv Sz 0y
(:† Zy D{ Ly GC}z ):Oy  G2z Gw’ Hy L /}SvLQx Ly G~Nz Qy <}z
X[vC}z Gz ])~,<x Jy ]{ $}y (CrD’ zL‹ L:€x Wy S{
PLO†x Uz :}| ]Sz Qy D[v€Jz  LFwLy  OU{ (G[~|L%x {L CL
PL~Gx rO— C$}w JˆQ{ 8y Lx .Ov 2}v G{ Hy DL (L} Gy }Lx
L5†x [Nw’ 4z Lx‹ L~0x )$€ U†$z :y 3x G{  O0™z O1}w G{ ]y Lx 

[Zv :}z  L[wDy )F}

FT [GSD [HDUO

 UQ{ :y D FH}xFzOy [)Q~ Iy Qx J{ 6w’ S{ Qy O}{ ‹C

L€Jx L8x Dy LO†x )Z PLG†x rOCs
LSx [}wL<x Ty <{ E L}z,J{ [r6~ <x DwL’)C‹ FJ{ ~5{ Qx
RHvC}z LOw Uur5† ]:{’ Ey [xQ}w ‹ PLU€x [wQy F)4† Qx
P6z’ Jx ‹ (N~ [y&}z P€Sz ):Oy D[v†Jv N{ (S† Sy :}z […:v Cu F
P<€z PL[†x<z Ty 2x ${ ]r[†LOx G [Q}z [~Dz &z
_ )QOzŠ  (Z*y J{ Ly H (C[}zLLx CrO† Hy (G[’|rL‹ PrC~ ]y 5x

LZ

LS\ \FHJO CL GT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

([’ Qy C}z‹ PL:€x Zy )Q} R)Q† Ky Ox ([}5y T{ }Ly  U[’z […Dz &z
(SQy <}{  ]rO’ )U (85}y Jy }{L I )Q1}z  GCv [yLx LQ†x
ZrQ} Uz D†Ow Hy :LC’x ‹ D[vZ~vHy 8€5z J| Qy 8Wv †Jw
P]}z r0Q{ (L’Gz ‹ P)C€ ]y 5x X~Jw PL~Gx rO— Cs P[’wr,H{ J
(F’ Fy )S} ]y Lx‹ P€Sz ):Oy )QL†Ow Uz (G†O| L:x Ny {,H{ K
(FL}%x {,H{ PF~zCz—  O0™z (C’ [yL},x H{ L PD}z GCw r[~ O0™z
(OL0}x 8y Gx (G~8w UuQ}{ ( PLG’x rOCs‹ OU{ r5~
)D€ GTz †Jz Hy LGSHFGCL ¸HzrGL$}{ ZL&†x Y{ J…Q{ 8y Lx CL

DO}w  L[w:y Lx  O0™z (O’ Oy G}{ ]y }Lx Hy‹

GT \LCQ [DF GYH[ PC

/… Oy D [L:}x F~HxFzOy [)Q’ Iy Qx ‹ J{ ~6w S{ Qy O}{ C

PL~Gx rOCs G1z• Gx ]y Gz,–Qx F}|
G€1z Wx <y U{ ~Qw r: E [Fv}Sv P1{ :| Ly /’ Oy (‹ R)€,Yx $y
]rS} rHUu L[†wDy &x F (CrD} zL [~8z $z  O0™z /LF’vUz‹
P[}w5y N{ ]y G<~z C{ (SLUw’ :z 5y ‹ L3x €Qv ([Dy†%z

CLZ

LS\ \FHJO CL GT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

/L[~vYw— Ju Rr0ˆ :y Lx D[wZz ]y ( [†J{ Dy <}x _ L[…w:y C{ G
/O}v Nz LG}w :rF’ Zy ‹ /]€v L$w D(K† $y GU}z $y 8y Sx
(SU€w:y Lx L†Gw rOCs (S}Sw Uu<}{  ZFv†Yv $y _ ])CŠ [z)S… H
PLZ}x rJ[y P†zLHy X[vC’v‹  LHwYy Z{  O0™z J~Kz Dy Qx
G[}z(DEy $x [Iz’Cy Sv‹ )J€ rN$y PL[†xGz RLN†x Qw I
PGv’ L1w %{‹ R)C~ :y PL2}x {L R)C† :y _ J{ L$…x :y Q{ J
]rH}Yz Zy L†Dw :y rL} _ (CŠ [yL…,x H{ K PL2}x C| Oy R)Q~ Gu H}{
RL}Sx [y<{ D[vU†vHz [Zv rD LCw ~Yz )Q… /L]€v r])C} Qw
]${– [{ Gz Zv‘ Zy r:ˆ <y H{ _ X[vCzŠ Gz <z Fy Z…{5z L
RL~Nx <z PLx Q€z COw Q†z PLG}x rOCs EOv †5v G3z [’v:y Uy <{
G}(w[{ Gz L†Qv Oz <y CL Gz }Sv LNx <y R~Nw  L0x PSz’ Ez &y‹
'~Jz Qy Yx G3z Ev’ Ey rQ} <y ‹ PL~Dx LDx [y$x Gz F€v(F%y ]†Jw S{
/]€v Dz )K} ]†S{ :y <z [y+}{ Ux DL .[}wDz <y
])C† Sy (W} Uu[yLx EL R:v &}z R(W~ Uu[yLx /LOv’ %z Uy Q{ (‹
(:– Dy O}z FL GSz [yr%} Jy <{ ])U~ Dz %y OLE’x Hy‹ [€$z Fy Qx

DLZ

LS\ \FHJO DL HT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

[€Dz  (WKy U{}{L PLZ~xQz Uu H}{ RCr6’ G{ _ PL[ŠxNz
([L:}x zL VC{ (U’ Uu)[}]y Lx‹

\FHJO DL PHL

HT JH[ HO \L\ LQO

(UL[~xGz [)Q€ Iy Qx [L:†x J{ 6}w S{ Qy O}{ C
X[vC}z Gz  O0™z PLG’x rOCO}w ‹

F)D’ Nz‹ (QL~8x )Q€ :y  F)D} Ny ([~2y I{ D

C[†z)3 GQ{ PLG}x rOCO}w ([†Qy Cx E )]} 1z Gx <y

/LD}v Ly rC} /† Oy (: Ju N}{ }Ly /’ *y U|‹ Dr[~$y /L€8v UuQ}{

.€Oz  ([2y I{LH}x /} Oy  (H†Ju <}{ :y Lx _ X[v…Cz Gz  O0™z F

(C} [y( (N† Oy G GOz T}v /† Qy :x ([2y I{Ly

L~Sw $y  OU{ GOz’ LOx Uu‹ C[~z)S PL€Gx rOCs ])O† UuWy Qx

([†Dy U{}{L [G}z 3z ${ G:z’ $z {LO}y _ PzLŠ .W{ …Gz H PF}zCz
O…:w rQ I )$}  GJz Qy 8y Sx P:z’ ‹ OEv [€zDy

GSz L€5v Yy <x P†Lx )%${ HL}Sz LUw POz’ )U _ )]Š [z(D} Ey $x

ELZ

LS\ \FHJO DL HT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

)Q†Oz HQL[L DL]N L[Z (Q([zL OC{ _ PL[•x[y)4} G{
(ULQ’x :y G{ Hy‹ (SL€Gw rOCs _ PL2~x U{ (N [y$}z J GOz T}v
PL€,x J{ $}{ (S:}w Wy S{ P†9z G{ K )]} 1z Gx <y O)Z†
(S<~z Sy J{ Dy  L0}x L (SO}w Ey [{ K)2† O{ R]{ Sz  CrO} Hy
VTv 0}z  V[™zYy 0x (S<z’ Wy [{Yy ‹ PLG€x rOCs
GZ†zUz (Q} <z Qy 8{ GF€z(Y2y D{ (S]~z CDw Gu CL
(S~:w Cr[— Oy :)S’ Cs <z Dy ~0{ [yGx DL (SL}Sw ]y Q™z Dy
G}zLHz[yO}z (SCw’ LYx )<} H{‹ PLx 2€{ D{ ( :~Cw Dz  (SC$}z
/† Oy P1w :{ Cu ])O€ )UDy /† ]y LD}w C)D† Cz EL
L5’x ‹ [$v Fx Hy L]€z Wz 8y (Y~ 5z  [:v Cu FL L[}zFzSy
.1z  GOv UuC}{ PLJ†x Qw ])O…r U HK LO}x  [6{ ${
 PUx [ZzDz G8vŠ UsC}v PL€Ox LCw ][vrK† Zy  PUx
G[}z5y T{ Cu H}{ (U† Qy :x  (N} Oy IK GOz T}v PLF†x (<U{
L:}x Wy S{ Oy G†8z Uz [:v Cu PL€Gx rOCs L†Cw [yLx  O0™z
L}Sx ):Oy ]J{ <†{ PQ{’ )[Hy‹ L]x C[€zZz  L5}x HL~Oz Cw IL

FLZ

LS\ \FHJO DL IT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

_ UQ†{ :y Lx CrO L$€x Ox Dy L]x LC†x [z PCx RHvC}z JL
DL:’x Zy Gx ‹ PL€Gx rOCs UQ†{ :z RN}w Cz KL L}SzrFCu
[~:v Cu PLG€x rOCs .([~$z N L]}x 1z Wx <y O)Z† $y

L<}x Cx Q}w )&’ Ty J{ Hy‹ L]~x 1z Wx <y [LTx Gw  CrO}

IT ]LFLQ] ]JFZO

[L:}x [)Q~ Iy Qx ]rS’ LEx Sy $x ‹ J~6w S{ Qy O}{ C

(S€Nw [yD}z LHx (S~3w J™z Ly PLG’x rOCs D
X[vC†z $z ]U{ F†{Oz E GOz T}v (S<†z Cx HLSz 5z [~Cw…zL
/(F)L F /]}v Uz (:} Ly PLx’)%‹  ON™z $y /€0v [y&{
P1}z 0| PL2~x U{ /(F’ )L‹ PL€Gx rOCs _ PL2~x U{
Kr5† :y ]x  L0}x PL2~x C|— Oy (S’ 3y [{LH}x (J~ Qy 8y }Lx G
P†Jw Sy <{ X[vCz $z _ PL2•x C| Oy ( [r:€ LQx PL2†x U{
/(F’ )L‹ PLG€x rOCs _ PL2~x U{ /(F)L H GOz T}v
'€Oz (DLy G†Sz ]y }Sz X[vC}v I P1}z 0| PL2~x U{

HKZ

LS\ \FHJO DL JT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

(S~Nw [yD}z Ly J (SLG}w rOCs PL~Gx rOCs (SNw’ [yD}z Ly‹
X[vC}z  LTw Wy C{  O0™z )]’ )C‹ (C~ [yL}Lx Hy PLG€x rOCs

JT C\LD JH[O

P(Z† zL D [L:}x [)Q~ Iy Qx FH’xFzOy ‹ J{ ~6w S{ Qy O}{ C

HL€Dz Ly )C} (Y(W† zL PLG}x rOCs
R:z’ Uz Vr&~Sy Gx 0y E HL}Sz 5z Qx HLCz’ Sy 8{ Qy ‹ (T(S~ zLHy
(F~Dy CrL} :€Cw  LSw 5y Qx E}S{ )& T†2w Gx 0y Vr&~Sy <—x
PLZ’x L&x Y{ H}y F PLG}x rOCs L~Sw 5y Qx PLU’x :z [y‹
(8L8~x zLHy PLG’x rOCs‹ L~Sw Wy Ox (Y} Oy U{}{L (J† Qy 8y Lx
)Q~ :—y ([ˆ2y I{ PLGx rOCO}w _ ([L:…x G GJ}z Qy 8x Dy
(I~Oy Ux Hy )Q’ :y ‹ '~zL$y ])D} [zUu$}z D†Nw r[O}z (1rT‘
])S€ Qz Oy C{ R†{,F{Hy PLQ}x )]Ly  LD†x Cu H HL}Sz Wz Oy
DL:…x )Q _ PL…Gx rOCs I ):} Fy Z™z R)U~ Qy $x PLG’x rOCs‹
PL[}xLTx Cu CLY†x )Q G]z Ly ${’ _ PLFŠx LJx Ly
GJ}z LJx Yy (S~ Ny :}z PL[’x[y)T} ‹ .C~{ ])[€:z )0} ${

IKZ

LS\ \FHJO DL JT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

/ &y Uy Y{ $y /2€v U{ L†Sw Wy Ox /} ]y CY}w $y  PLG’x rOvC}y J
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L€S{ LTx G~Iv PL~Gx rO— Cs LˆSw 5y Qx (WKy }Sz PLx Q†{ :z
P:v †%v L OC}w [z8y Lx L~Gw rOCs PLG’x rOCs‹ L~Sw 5y Qx
GCz’ Oy Sx Hy‹ /~ ]y O}z Ju}S{ PL€Gx rOCs VL†Sx <z ])D} FzSy
'€Dz  (D:y }zL /~ ]y }z,J{ CL '<}z Sy S{ )N} G<~z C{
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RL…$w R(D0y :y <x  PC}x FL OO}z :z Z~1w J{ <y
VTv €0v D{ G†5z Jy Sv G}Sz )L L†Ww Sy 0{ PLx <~z W{— :y
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PL3x’ |SDy %{‹ [~G{ R€:z $z  [G{ PLG}x rOCs [G{ IK
PL~3x |S— Dy %{ PL[ˆxGz R(F6y [{<}y _G2z …Oz IL R:}z $z  [G{

ILZ

LS\ \FHJO DL JT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

¸H’zrGLy‹ VC{ )<€ Dy :x Oy PLG†x rOCs FQ†{ Jz [Gz’ Gz
PLG’x rOCs DNv […v JL JY{ }Sv Oz Rr0~ :y Lx LGSHFGCL
L~S{ LTx PDz’ ‹ L~SzrFCu R€Cz Sy :x L†Ww Oy C{ PLx ]~{ r$— [x
LDx ;v’ ]z LD…x :z _ P)[Š 2z O{ ]z L…Ox Uz KL :Fvr7} ${
PL[’x[y)T} ‹ VC~{ Hy PF€zCz $}z ])S} <z Q{ <z Jy Z†{Oz
_ P)…L LSzrFCu .([†…$z N PLG}x rOCs 'zL– _ Rr0… :y Ox
GOz T}v (S]w– Uz (:} }Ly O…Cw Gz (SOz’ ‹ TQ™z Uu}L{ P)~L
L[Z G~HxrGLO}w Hy ])U~ :z— )Q} O}y O…Cw (SO}z _ O†Cw …Gz CN
 .C{ DN ])C} Yz )<} ]Hv2z’ O{ ‹ L€SzrFCu PLG‘w qOCOv Hx
[U€z8w FrZ~ Fy Z™z HL~Dz Ly rC—} :Cr[… XJ{ Qy Lx PLG’x rOCs
R†:z $z Qx L}SzrFCu [Q†{ Cz EN HLQ}z :z Cu $}{ .1w’ G{ ]y Qx ‹
_ RU{ …Q{ Oy FN P}zL ])O~ Y| 2y Q}x DL:’x Cz‹ DL:€x Cz
/L€Dv Oz 0y R):~ Oy PF~z$—y /’ Oy Ey [{ X~J{ Qy <}x
/L]†v )NLO}x Gu (C† [z GN (G}3w Qx PL~Dx Ly )C} Qw
:Fvr7} D{ L0†x Oy Q{ LOx Cw ])N… LOx Gu PLG€x rOCs

JLZ

LS\ \FHJO DL JT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

.)]~ $y PL€Sx Ey rS} [†J{ C{ PL[}x:z  (Q† &y Zx HN
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P…:z JN OC}w [z8y Lx [)Z~ 2y Qx LSz’rFCu‹ PLG€x rOCs
P]€z Qz Ey [x GF}z(GLy  L[†w8z PF’wr[ [LU‘x Yz _ RQŠx zLSy $x
G~(zYx KN LO}x <z Wy S{ L[~w8z R(O’ D| Iy‹ L[~w8z
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T~5w [{]y Qx PL2’x U{ LOw– Ey Uv $y _ PL[ŠxL$x C{ ]F…{Uu
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RGw PFv Z€v LQw :y L†Qw :y $x DN}w r[O}z FO GOz T}v
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KLZ

LS\ \FHJO EL KT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

)*’U| Hy‹ )]€ HzCu}%{ O~Cw [z8y Lx  OU{ PL~Gx rO— CO}w
/L~:v &—z Zy 2x Q}x PLG’x rOCs C[~z)S… HO PLZ}x Jz ;y ${
])Q~ Y| Uu]}{ Hy IrU _ R]wŠ rS C(G… OCw’ [z8y Lx O…Cw

PLG}x rOCs .([~$z PUz’ Oz ‹

\FHJO EL PHL

KT LCSIH RFQJO

FH}xFzOy PL3x– :{ ):}  OU{ _ J{ 6w– S{ Qy O}{ C

(CDz L…0x PL€Gx rOCs LSx U~wL:x )G} D

GO}z (YQy  R†HwL$x _ L<x Uy …D{ Kz E :Wv}Sz  FU{ PLx Q†{

PLx Q’{‹  L7w Q{ UuQ}{ Dy L]x C~$z F€Qz Ut™ Q}z RL†Cw Hy

[ˆJ{ Sx LCx [yZ™z Dy L<x Uy†E{zL F LSx ]y W}z Kz :y ]Ov r$~ :x Hy

_ ($… [{ G LG}z rOCO}w OJw’ {LQy ‹ L€S{ LUw (O~ 0z L~Sx )[— %y

(Q† Yy U}z P~3z J—x LˆC{ Sy r8} L:x Cr[ ])[†Uu9}{ Qx

L<x Oy I{’Ez‹  CrO} [~:v Cu [Zv €:v L†D{ Ly rC} L]}{ LQx Yy Q{

<z Uy F}{ zL G<†z C{ PLG’x rOvC}y H DL:}x Cz I†Cz

NZ

LS\ \FHJO EL KT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

(FJ}z Ny Sx  CrO} /~ 2y Qx L]{’ )Q:y C{ Hy‹ L<€x Oy ({Cx Oy
L[Z GH’xrGsL L~SzrFCu /L}HvrZ _ LDŠx (:rD…wL OC{ I
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L]x C8†z Sz /LO}v Uz  L0}x J OC}w [z8y Lx LGw’ rOCs‹
[}Iz(QK L}Sz Wz G†2z Ox Ny G]z 4y 0x G€5z [yJv
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/LWv’ [y)J} ‹ ])5~ [yJv Hy LSx ]y €Oz Nz Cu /† ]y L$}w ]C†{ Sy Zx
LGx <y H{ L:€x Wy S{ P)6† D{ G†0v Dy Cv }Hz CL LO}z Uz (O~ Wy }Sz
Z€8z L:†x (DOy G†Sz <y Cv }Hz DL LO}x ])W† [zJu O}{
LDw :y r†L LDx  (JL8†x zL EL O:}z Qz Oy P†Gv Oz LGx Cs }Hz
L…Sx Cu H}{ FL [N}z :w L]~w ): ])S’ LEx Sy (‹ [U{ €:z
R)Y’ [z ]U…w LGSHFGCL ¸H‘zrGLy _ /Š Oy  L]}x 1z Wx ]y
]~Qv Cs $}v LSx Sw’ Uu‹ /&€vTy J{  D[™z$y PL~Gx rOCs
GUz €$z Ky Cv  OC{ Hy KL+}x Qx  LSx †Ow L6x G{ HK /U}v :y Lx
 OC}{ IK PLx Q}z  L7w Q{ Uu2}{ Qx ( LC{’ Sy r9} Qx ‹ G~Oz Yy }3z Cx

CNZ

LS\ \FHJO EL KT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

LSx U†wOz Dy <x  OC{ Hy PLx Q}{ ]Ov r$† :x _ LSx …Ww Ky :y <x
Gz L5}x [†Cw $y LO{ Uz  [K{ Cy <v  OC{ Hy G€Oz (YQy
Dr[~0y /&€vTy J{ D)K†  L0x LGSHFGCL ¸}HzrGLy  LSx †Sw Uu IL
/L}Sv 5z [<†w Ty <{  OC{ Hy JL LO}z Cw G†Sw 5y /LQv’ Ju [}{‹
G†Dz [yZ™z KL LSx }Sw Uu [~Gw Q{ LO’x ‹ [Y{  L0}x /&€vDy U{ Q}w
LSx F}w5y L†D{ Ly rC} RU{ Q{ Oy '€Oz Cz Ey L:†x Wy S{  OCv
L]€x 2z Ox Ny ( L<}x :y D™z ( L]†x 5z [yJv <z Uy F’{ zL G<…z C{ N
L$’x Ox G[~zDy :}z _ G…5z [yJv CN L[}z[y)Y}  O0™z /’ &y Ey Sv‹
PLQ’x Ju}S{ Qy O}{ Hy‹ RLx C€{ Hz F(S† Oz G†(vZ{ Cu }Hz G:z (S~ Cz— }Hz
:Cr[€ L]†x ([D}z $y (S† <y ,x H{ DN L]x CY}z Qz CrO† Hy
P†Sz Jz Oy :|  LG}x Ly EN XQv rJ} LSx (Z~ :y {L LC’x Qz Yy Ox Hy‹
:Z}w)QOy PLQ~x )O:y Ox H}y J€Wz Oy P†Gv LSw Wy Ox
PGv’ LSw ]y Q™z (‹ ])C€ [yQ}w PG}v LSw LU}w GSz Ny :†{ Jy <v FN
/Q€v Uy I{ P~Gv LOw Uu .W™z :y GN FU}{ Qy G{ FLQ~x <z
P]~z [zLK}x  LGx <y HN P}Ew L9x {L /’ 5y C{ ‹ R)[~Ju H}{

DNZ

LS\ \FHJO EL KT L\LO\ PHLO [WT

 L0}x IN D:}w rL L~Gx Ly  OC{ PGv’ LOw Gt™ C}z $y ‹ G€2z :{ Sy
D)C Ny Q{  OCv Hy (WF€z[z ]z L0†x Gx  [:v Cu G<†z C{
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[Wv †4w Qx (J} 2z Lx KN /]}v Zz Fy Yx $y (CrD’ zL‹ OC{ Hy
L}Sx Cu H}{O (D]}w 0z Lx  OC{ PLZ’x L&x Y{‹ PU~x Hy PL€,x J{
LSx D}w %y 8{ <y PLG†x rOCs / ]y U}z (:Ly D€Cw )NHy L†Sx Uz
(3~Ov &y E{ Cu H}{ [L:€x $y PLG†x rOCs  P:}w G†Oz Oy G}{ Cu CO
[);~ Qx LGSHFGCL ¸HzrGLO}{  D†K{ L]x Hy DO GF}z)]Dy
PL†HxSz Uu (C† [z EO TL[}xWy Q{ R[~xZy Q{ [5z’‹
PN}v Dy D{ Oy L~Jx LHx PLG’x rOCs‹ L~:w [yr&} (J€Qz 8y Lx
LGSHFGCL ¸€HzrGLy PL†Sx )LDy Cv  OCv U{ Q†w r: L0}x FO
(G(O} Oy G}{ }Ly GO G}IzDz CrO† HL[’zLTx Cu‹  ]Cv Hy
L0…x HO P$}z 8~Qw r[ ON™z H}y PL2’x {L‹ X[v€Cz Hz PLx Q†{ :z
GF€z(GLy L[†wUz G}Sv Dy Lx Hy R),’Yx U{ L:…x )L _ PLGŠx rOCs

ENZ

LS\ \FHJO EL U L\LO\ PHLO [WT

HLF}zDz Uu U[{†IvHy IO Gz (:} [wLH}x P:z’ ‹ (D:y ~zLHy
'D}z  (S0y :y Lx )Q’ :y ‹ L~Dw Gu rC} Hy Gz (O€ Jz Sy Lx

U GQJOQO

PL~Gx rOCs D [L0}x Iy G{ Oy F~HxFzOy J{ 6w’ S{ Qy O}{ ‹C

LGSHFGCL ¸H’zrGLy‹ LSx €Ow L6x G{ Oy
Lˆ:w Zy D{ Qy ([5y Jy {LHy (:rD† wL E G:z (J} L]x [~zIy Uv Oy
L]}x Uz [}z LYw’ Ww Ju‹ (Q€ Oy 0}z Lx Hy [)J} Cz (Er4† Lx L:~x Wy S{—
PL[’xQy rC} Gz ‹ P<€z :y $™z DZv U†w OU{ (D(:} zLF
/’ $y _ (JŠ Qy 8y Lx Hy (8L8…x zL G JC}z Gv _ J~Cz Gv
O&†{Ey Lx FLQ}x ]z  ([†Qy CrL} Hy /L~:v Zy D{— Qy  O0™z
L†Sx Uz _ L…Sx Cu H}{ H /]}v Uz (:} Ly LDw’ Gu rC} ‹ PLG€x rOCs
LK†x Oy W{ Qy ( L[†xIy Uv L~1x G:z— (J} PLˆGx rOCs R)LDy Cv Hy

[J}{ C{ <y  OC{ LGSHFGCL ¸H’zrGLy‹ G<z €C{

FNZ

LS\ \FHJO EL CU L\LO\ PHLO [WT

CU RJ CHYQO

 OC{ L]x LT€x Jz LGSHFGCL ¸~HzrGLy  /} $y C

PO}z )UOy G:z )D~ Cw
L~O{ Cw  G+}w G{ LSx €Kw 1y W{ ]y (} LSx ~Ow L6x <{ /’ ]y Z}zFy Yx $y D
R)U‘ Qz [(Y† Oy _ LOŠx G…wLGs E LSx U}w L:x )G} Hy /’ Sy Iy C™z‹
LUx Oy T{  L0}x LSx U€wL:x )G} Oy ]z L~(xYx FLQ’x <z C)D’ Oz
F†{,Qx LSx K}w 1y 5{ LG{’ rOvC}y F G<z C}z L]†x Fz(Y} Qy (
G~<z C{  L0}x G XQ}w )JHy O†(wU{ Qy V0{ Qx U€:z [z
L~Jx K{ Dy Qx PLG‘w qOCr L[Z GH’xrGsL‹ L~SzrFCu L]€x HzZy ]x
LU†w2y Qx RKv $v’ Qx L<x Ny Q{– Ty Sx _ /L…Ov Uz H L[}z(U3y Qx
FLQ}x ]z L]†x 1z Gx ]y / $y L€Ix )E G<†z C{ L2}x Cx 
IrU}  LTx Ju Q}{ G<z’ C{ Hy‹ PL$€x [{Oy L]x L†Lx Gz ]W}w )Q0y I
/<}v [yC{ Wy <x P),’G{‹  O0™z /]€v 1z Gx <y LWx COw 2†z Lx J
LJ’x r0‹ ])O~ Ny 0x G€Sz Zy Ix ]U†wOy LSx N}w LOx :y <{  OC{ K
L€Ox L†D{ Ly )C} ([†Qy C}z  L0x L LSx D}w Iy U{ <}{  OC{

GNZ

LS\ \FHJO EL CU L\LO\ PHLO [WT

[rQ} COw CL H&}zJy {L (Y~ Uu)S} L:’x Wy S{‹ L[~wQy r:} Hy
RL~Cw  L0x (G(8’ Wy ]x Hy‹ (W~ Fy [}x )D€ IzUu PLG†x rOCs
L3x €2v Qx Z†J{ [y<x  OC{ PLG}x rOCvyDL OL6}x Q{
G\LJ DL]N L[Z G:z (J} L]x [~zIy Uv Oy LG{’ rOCs‹
G5}z [yJv (K† Uu}{L L:~x Wy S{— LˆSw Ky r8} (ONy Lx (:rD† wL EL
FLQ†x <z L}Sx Cu H}{F L L]}x Uz [}z L:w’ Zy D{ Qy ‹ G€2z Ox Ny (
/]}v 1z Gx <y  O0™z  OU{ L<’x Wy T{ )G} Hy‹ O€Jw {LCu
/]€v Uz (:} <y P)~,G{  O0™z /]v’ Zz Fy Yx [5w– T{ Ly _L…5x HK
C)D’ Cz IK ])[}rWTy L<x Uy †F{ zL CrO L…0x
[L0x Iy C{ PLG‘w qOCr L[Z G€HxrGsL L†SzrFCu ])[}D| Ey $x 
LSx <~{ Fy 2{ Ox PLG’x rOvC}y IL /&}vD{ Oy /† ]y Z}zFy Yx
/L]}v )COy Wy Sx FL~%x C{ G3z Gw’ ‹ FU{ Hy L[€z(U3y Qx
 OC{ PLˆGx rOCs GDz L8w Hy _ GSzŠ Zy Ix  FU{ P…E{ Hy JL
 ON™z Oy [)F€Oy /† Uu)[}Iy FL†%x C{  FU{ LSx ~Dw Iy U{— <}{
 FU{ PLG’x rOCs /~ ]y Z}zFy Yx Hy KL /]}v [z(D} %y C)D’ zL‹

HNZ

LS\ \FHJO FL DU L\LO\ PHLO [WT

LQ†x PLG’x rOCs‹ ])O€ rFEy ]z L8~x Uz  [:v Cu P)[~Qz—
_ HS]LC[G DL]N L[Z LSx ]Š{ LCx [yGx […:v Cu N /)Q} Nz
L[Z LSx€w,J{ <y D(:~ <z ])U~ [—zHy ])$’ [{ ])[~Yz
D(:~ <z X[vCz’ Gz ‹ ])Q~ rG<y Qx (} HSLLJ] DL]N
L]’x 1z F| %}y‹ _ D[v<…v CN HSOU] DL]N L[Z LSx O}w Uu<}{
/† Fy )C} _ L…Sx Cu  P%{ DN LSx Q}w Ju}S{ <}y Dr4~ ]x Hy
/† Oy G[†z2y I{Cu L~Gz rO— Cs /ˆ <y Qx Cu ODv}Sv  LOx Ny Dx
L]}{ Wz 8y  Gz3†3w[{<y EN OC}w [z8y Lx :)F’ Zy ‹ [)3€ Nx Dy
]z LF}x 5z [†:v Cu L:’x Wy S{ Hy‹ .€1z  G[z2y I{Cu L0†x
/]€v Zz Fy Yx G†%v Gy <v P),} G{  O0™z LSx’ ):Oy  P%{ FN

L]}x Uz [}z L~:w Zy D{ Qy ([’ Wy J}z‹  LNx (:rD~  L0x

\FHJO FL PHL

DU FTJH RJ CHYQO

.Ov Q†v Oy /LK}v 5z :y Qx  PLG’x rOCs _ GrQŠ rO:y Ox C

.Ov Q}v  RDv Oy /~ ]y Z}zFy Yx Hy R<€w

INZ

LS\ \FHJO FL DU L\LO\ PHLO [WT

K5}z :y Qx Dy /L~v,Sx Uu H}{ ZFv€Yv Dy /† 2y U{ RLF†xzL D
])U’ Dz Ey (‹ PU€zOz P)O~ :z PL[•xGz (C… 8y Lx E
L†Sw Dy Ox U{ L:}x )L PUz’  Lw,Sx U{}y _ Kr5… :y Lx F GZ}zFzYy $x
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F[}wwLH PL[}x)& [)&† J{ [’wzL‹ L~Sw Wy Ox Hy :Qv €:z
X[vC}z VL~Ix [yI{ PLD’x LDx [y0x ‹ I€%w  OU{ [†Kz Qz 0y
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[Gz’ 3z Qx (‹ P€zL FU{ P†z,Qx &y [y}LwHyJ J{ [}wzL L~Ox $y
PL€,x Yx (U† [yNy Lx HL}Sz Wz Oy K X[vC}z  LTw Wy C{  FU{
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CDz’ Ty (‹ C~Dz :y LNw Oy Q{ (DL:€x zL G†Jz Sy Qx PL},x Cx Hy
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PL†Sx )LDy Cv ]): Wy S{ Hy R)€LDy Cv Hy O&†{ OU{

JNZ

LS\ \FHJO FL DU L\LO\ PHLO [WT

P€:z Wy S{ OC†{ Ey Lx TQ}z Jz Q}w ( .)<† Qx FL U{ L:}x )L
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FLQ€x ]z )F† Uu$}{ O†1w 5{ ]y Lx Hy C~Dz :—y DˆG{ *y Qx
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L…Gx Ly IL X[vC}z Gz D8v U†w0y [LU’x Qw ‹ (YL~Yx zLHy )€L[y5x
RLSL DL]N L[Z R)3ˆ Lx :Qv :}v  LSw Wy Ox POz’ )UO}y _ )QŠ :y
(G([};y C{ Ly PLx’)% ‹ O0™z )D€ (N[y~$z ]y Lx Hy )Q~ :—y
L†Gw rOCs PLG}x rOCs LGSHFGCL ¸†HzrGLy _ .([…$z JL
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L:}z Lx  R$v FH’x&z‹

KNZ

L\LO\ \FHJO FL EU LULD[ PHLO [WT

£ L\LO\ [WT ¤

£ LULD[ PHL ¤

EU FJWQ OYSGO

O~Cw [z8y Lx Oy D)K .C…{ V~Tz Cz— Oy [)Q’ Iy Qx C

LSx’ Cu H}{ D DD}z Ow L[~wDz Oy PLG’x rOCs‹
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