NP-Jan-Jun-2012

dqN rÙo ,sls gSa tks èkhjs&èkhjs cnyrs gSa vkSj dqN vis{kkd`r rsth ls cnyrs gSaA ekDlZokn ekurk gS

fd lalkj ds iziap ,d&nwljs ls vyx&Fkyx ugha cfYd vkil esa tqM+s gq, gSaA blh rjg Hkkjr osQ
Hkk"kk ifjokj Hkh ,d nwljs ls vyx Fkyx ugha gSaA

vius vk£Fkd vkSj lkaLd`frd fodkl ds dkj.k Hkkjr us ,f'k;k vkSj ;ks:i dh vusd Hkk"kkvksa
dks izHkkfor fd;k FkkA rhu [kaMksa esa izdkf'kr viuh iqLrd Hkkjr ds izkphu Hkk"kk ifjokj vkSj ¯gnh
esa mUgksaus ;g le>kus dk iz;Ru fd;k fd vk;Z Hkk"kkvksa dk fodkl dSls gqvk] nzfoM+ Hkk"kkvksa ls mudk
lacaèk fdl izdkj dk Fkk vkSj Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa us ,f'k;k vkSj ;ks:i esa fdl rjg dh Hkwfedk fuHkk;hA

;g egÙoiw.kZ d`fr ^O;kl lEeku* ls lEekfur gqbZ FkhA
jkefoykl th dk dkQ+h ys[ku ,slk gS ftldk lhèkk lacaèk ekDlZokn vkSj bfrgkl&n'kZu ls gSA

ekDlZokn ds flðkarksa dks vklku Hkk"kk esa vke vkneh dks le>kus ds fy, mUgksaus iqLrd
fy[khµ ekuo lH;rk dk fodklA dE;qfuLV ikVhZ vkSj izxfr'khy ys[kd la?k dh cSBdksa esa mBk;s tkus
okys lokyksa dks ysdj mUgksaus iqLrd fy[kha] izxfr'khy lkfgR; dh leL;k,aA

Hkkjr ds Lora=krk laxzke] fo'ks"k :i ls 1857 ds x+nj esa jkefoykl th dks xgjh fnypLih FkhA

cgqr ls yksx x+nj dks Lokèkhurk laxzke ugha ekurs FksA mUgksaus bu fo"k;ksa ij vkSj [+kkl rkSj ij vaxzst+h
jkt dh Hkkjr esa Hkwfedk ij vusd iqLrdksa vkSj nLrkost+ksa dk ladyu vkSj vè;;u fd;kA lu 1957
esa tc x+nj dh 'krkCnh euk;h tk jgh Fkh] rc mUgksaus y[kuÅ vkSj dydÙkk ds iqLrdky;ksa ls fo'ks"k
lkexzh tqVkdj ,d iqLrd fy[kh] lu~ lÙkkou dh jkT;ØkafrA vkxs pydj mUgkasus blesa dqN lkexzh
vkSj tksM+dj bldk uke j[k fn;k] lu~ lÙkkou dh jkT;Økafr vkSj ekDlZoknA

dbZ vkykspd ekDlZ dk gokyk nsdj dgrs Fks fd Hkkjr xzke lektksa dk ns'k Fkk vkSj iqjkuh o.kZ

O;oLFkk dks rksM+us dk Js; vaxzst+ksa dks gSA bl rjg os Hkkjr esa vaxzst+ksa dh Hkwfedk dks izxfr'khy ekurs
FksA bu èkkj.kkvksa dk [kaMu djus ds fy, mUgksaus nks [kaMksa esa ,d iqLrd fy[kh ftldk uke gS] Hkkjr
esa vax+zsth jkt vkSj ekDlZoknA bls lksfo;r ySaM usg: iqjLdkj ls uokt+k x;kA mUgsa lksfo;r :l
tkus ds fy, vkeaf=kr Hkh fd;k x;k Fkk] ysfdu fdUgha dkj.kksa ls tkuk laHko ugha gks ik;kA ekDlZokn
dh nk'kZfud i`"BHkwfe ds lkFk Hkkjr dh viuh nk'kZfud ijaijk dks mtkxj djus ds fy, vkSj lkFk
gh ;g crkus ds fy, fd ghxy dh x+yr voèkkj.kkvksa dks NksM+ nsuk D;ksa vko';d gS] mUgksaus rhu

iqLrdas fy[kha] ftuesa bfrgkl ds lkFk&lkFk Hkkjrh; n'kZu dk Hkh foospu fd;k x;kA ;s iqLrdas gSa]
if'peh ,f'k;k vkSj ÇXosn] Hkkjrh; uotkxj.k vkSj ;ks:i rFkk bfrgkl&n'kZuA Hkkjro"kZ ds lanHkZ
esa ekDlZokn dks lgh ifjizs{; esa le>kus ds fy, mUgksaus dqN iqfLrdk,a fy[kha ftUgsa ckn esa ,d
iqLrd dk :i ns fn;k x;kA bl iqLrd dk uke gS] Hkkjrh; bfrgkl vkSj ,sfrgkfld HkkSfrdoknA
bu pkj esa ls rhu iqLrdsa fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds ¯gnh dk;kZUo;u funs'kky; us izdkf'kr dh gSaA
Nk=kksa ,oa vè;kidksa ds fy, iqLrd de d+her ij miyCèk gks lds] blds fy, mUgksaus viuh jkW;YVh

dk ,d fgLlk NksM+ fn;kA
mUgsa i=kkpkj dk cM+k 'kkSd+ FkkA muds ikl fuR; izfr vusd i=k vkrs Fks] ftudk os fu;fer

:i ls mÙkj nsrs Fks] pkgs fdrus gh laf{kIr :i esa D;ksa u gksA vius fe=kksa] lkfgR;dkjksa vkSj ifjokj

tukas ds i=k os ljq f{kr j[krs FkAs dNq lkfgR;dkjkas ds lkFk mudk i=k O;ogkj yxHkx 70 o"kk±s rd pyrk
jgk FkkA gj i=k iBuh; gksrk gS] ysfdu ys[kdksa ds i=kksa esa tgka lkfgR; ppkZ gksrh gS ogha jktuhfr o

300 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

lkekftd iz'uksa ij mudh rkRdkfyd izfrfØ;k,a Hkh gksrh gSaA ;s lkef;d fVIif.k;ka cgqr egÙoiw.kZ

gksrh gaSA vkxs pydj bu fVIif.k;ksa dks dSls mi;ksx esa yk;k tk ldrk gS] os bls le>rs FksA mUgkasus
Lo;a budk mi;ksx djds dbZ iqLrdksa dh jpuk dh vkSj i=kkpkj dh foèkk dks ,d u;h ÅapkbZ vkSj
xfjek iznku dhA fe=k laokn muds vkSj dsnkjukFk vxzoky ds i=kksa dk laxzg gSA rhu egkjfFk;ksa ds i=k
esa cukjlhnkl prqosZnh] fd'kksjhnkl oktis;h vkSj oa`nkou yky oekZ ds i=k gSaA dfo;ksa ds i=k eas rjs g
dfo;ksa ds i=k gSaA v=k dq'kya r=kkLrq esa ve`ryky ukxj ds lkFk dk i=kkpkj gSA

ikfjokfjd i=k ^lpsrd* dks izksRlkfgr djus vkSj vkxs c<+kus esa mudk fo'ks"k ;ksxnku FkkA blesa
izdkf'kr lkexzh ds vkèkkj ij mUgksaus rhu iqLrdsa laikfnr dh Fkha] ?kj dh ckr] cM+s HkkbZ] vkjS tgkt+
vkSj rwQ+ku ¼nks [kaMksa esa½A vkSj vHkh blesa izdkf'kr muls lacafèkr lkexzh ds vkèkkj ij ,d u;h
iqLrd izdkf'kr gqbZ gS] psrd vkSj MkW- jkefoykl 'kekZA thou ds vafre dqN o"kks± esa mudk gkFk dkaius
yxk Fkk vkSj mUgsa fy[kus esa d"V gksrk FkkA bldk bykt mUgkasus ;g fudkyk fd os viuk ys[k
VsifjdkWMZj ij fjdkWMZ dj nsrs Fks vkSj mlds VªkalØkbc gksus ds ckn mleas vko';d lqèkkj dj nsrs
Fks vkjS ikMa fq yfi idz k'kd ds ikl Hkts nrs s FkAs blh rjg ls r;S kj dh x;h iLq rdkas eas ls ,d gµS xkaèkh]
vkEcsMdj] yksfg;k vkSj Hkkjrh; bfrgkl dh leL;k,aA YkxHkx 800 i`"Bksa dh bl iqLrd esa os bu
rhuksa usrkvksa dh dk;Z'kSfy;ksa dks ij[krs gSa] [k+kl rkSj ij Hkkjr ds orZeku jktuhfrd vkSj lkaLd`frd
ifjn`'; dks le>us ds fy,A jkefoykl th ds vuqlkj] ;s rhuksa yksx Hkkjrh; bfrgkl ds ckjs esa

lksprs jgs] tkfr izFkk ls Vdjkrs jgs vkSj lkezkT;okn ds fo#ð fo'ks"k n`f"Vdks.k dh odkyr djrs
gq, lekt dks cnyus dh dksf'k'k djrs jgsA

Hkkjrh; laLd`fr vkSj mlds bfrgkl esa mudh xgjh #fp FkhA vius xgu vè;;u dks mUgksaus
ftl iqLrd dh 'kDy nh] mldk uke gS] Hkkjrh; laLd`fr vkSj ¯gnh izns'k ¼nks [kaMksa eas½A blds izFke
[kaM esa ÇXosn ls ysdj dkfynkl rd vkSj nwljs [kaM esa fo|kifr ls ysdj fujkyk rd Hkkjr ds
lqfoLr`r ,oa fo'kky Hkw[kaM ds lkaLd`frd bfrgkl dk o.kZu vkSj foospu gSA ;gh og {ks=k gS tgka

osnksa] mifu"knksa] jkek;.k vkSj egkHkkjr tSls egkdkO;ksa dh jpuk gqbZ] tgka ikVfyiq=k] dk'kh] eFkqjk]
mTtf;uh tSls izkphu egkuxj Fks vkSj tgka lwjnkl] rqylhnkl] dchjnkl tSls dfo;ksa us tu ekul
dks izHkkfor fd;kA ;gh og {ks=k gS tgka Hkkjr esa Lora=krk laxzke dk Jhx.ks'k gqvkA ysfdu mldk

lkaLd`frd bfrgkl dsoy bl {ks=k rd lhfer ugha gS] foospu dh ifjfèk dgha vfèkd O;kid gSA
vius thou ds vafre fnuksa esa os ftl iqLrd ij dke dj jgs Fks vkSj ftls iwjh xaHkhjrk vkSj

izkekf.kdrk ls iwjk djuk pkg jgs Fks vkSj ftls iwjk djus ds fy, thou ds dqN o"kZ vkSj ikuk pkg
jgs Fks] og Fkh] Hkkjrh; lkSan;Z cksèk vkSj rqylhnklA rqylhnkl muds fiz;re dfo;ksa esa ls Fks vkSj
mudh jpukvkas ds yksdi{k us mUgsa cgqr xgjkbZ ls izHkkfor fd;k FkkA

lkfgR; vkSj laLd`fr ds ckjs esa jkefoykl th dh n`f"V cM+h O;kid FkhA mudh n`f"V ¯gnh lkfgR;

ij gh ugha] lkjs Hkkjrh; lkfgR; vkSj laLd`fr ij jgrh FkhA os Hkkjr dh vU; Hkk"kkvksa ds lkfgR;]
[+kkl rkSj ij ckaXyk vkSj ejkBh lkfgR; ls vPNh rjg ls ifjfpr FksA mnwZ vkSj ¯gnh dks os ,d gh
Hkk"kk ekurs FksA os dgrs Fks fd flQZ+ fyfi;ksa ds Q+dZ gksus ls Hkk"kk,a vyx ugha gks tkrhaA mnwZ lkfgR;

dks yksdfiz; cukus ds fy, os mls nsoukxjh fyfi esa izdkf'kr djkus dh lykg nsrs FksA
lkfgR; ds vykok fo'o Lrj ij py jgs jktuhfrd vkSj vk£Fkd elyksa ij mudh ut+j jgrh
u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 301

FkhA cM+s ns'k NksVs ns'kksa dk dSls 'kks"k.k djrs gSa] ;k mldh dksf'k'k djrs gSa] bls le>uk vkSj yksxksa
dks le>kuk os viuk dÙkZO; le>rs FksA NksVs ls NksVs ns'k dh jktO;oLFkk] mlds laxhr] bfrgkl vkSj
lkfgR; ds ckjs esa T+;knk ls T+;knk tkudkjh izkIr djus dh dksf'k'k djrs FksA lkfgR; ds lkFk&lkFk mUgsa
ew£rdyk] laxhr] fp=kdyk vkSj okLrqdyk esa xgjh fnypLih FkhA os bu lHkh vuq'kkluksa dks lefUor
djds ns[krs FksA muds vuqlkj fdlh Hkh le; ij leLr dyk,a ,d nwljs dks izHkkfor djrh gSaA

Hkkjrh; lxa hr] fo'k"s kdj 'kkL=kh; lxa hrfµ gna Lq rkuh vkjS dukVZ deµ as mudh fo'k"s k #fp FkhA mUgas
èkzqin] èkekj vkSj yksdlaxhr vfèkd fiz; FkkA [+;ky xk;dh mruh ilan ugha FkhA lkfgR; vkSj laxhr
esa os mu d`fr;ksa dks ilan djrs Fks tks mnkÙk Hkkoukvksa dks tUe nsrh gSaA tSls lkfgR; esa Üka`xkfjd vFkok
vfr&vyadj.k okyh jhfrdkyhu dfork,a os de ilan djrs Fks] oSls gh laxhr esa vko';drk ls vfèkd
vyadj.k] eq£d;ka] rkusa vkfn mUgsa ilan ugha FkhaA ik'pkR; laxhr esa mUgsa ^flEQ+uh* ilan Fkh] tSls
esaMylu }kjk leqnz ij jfpr lajpukA mUgksaus laxhr ij tks dqN fy[kk ;k dgk Fkk] mls feykdj ,d
iqLrd rS;kj dj nh x;h] ftudk uke gS] laxhr dk bfrgkl vkSj Hkkjrh; uotkxj.k dh leL;k,a
¼izLrqfr % fot; eksgu 'kekZ½A

vius futh thou esa os vR;ar ljy vkSj lgt FksA x£e;ksa esa ?kj ij os yaqxh vkSj ckagnkj cfu;ku
iguuk ialn djrs Fks] tkM+ksa esa [kknh xzkeks|ksx okyh xeZ iSaV vkSj can xys dk dksV igu ysrs FksA
fo'ks"k voljksa ij èkksrh dqjrk vFkok lwV vkSj VkbZ Hkh igu ysrs FksA Nk=kksa ls os fo'ks"k Lusg djrs Fks
vkSj vke rkSj ij mudk dksbZ vuqjksèk Vkyrs ugha FksA lkekU;r% os lqcg dk le; i<+us fy[kus esa
yxkrs Fks vkSj blesa fdlh rjg dk O;oèkku ilan ugha djrs FksA Nk=kksa dks NwV Fkh fd os tc pkgsa
fey ldrs FksA

[ksy&dwn esa mudh xgjh #fp FkhA viuh ;qokoLFkk esa os dljr djrs Fks vkSj dq'rh Hkh yM+rs
FksA ckn esa os ?kj ij gh fu;fer :i ls O;;ke djrs FksA mudk fØdsV izse yxHkx nhokuxh rd
FkkA Hkkjrh; Vhe ds thrus ij os cPpksa dh rjg izlUu gks tkrs Fks vkSj gkjus ij mnklA

os gn ntsZ ds bZekunkj vkneh FksA tks dgrs Fks] ogh djrs FksA mUgsa thou esa fdlh rjg dh
cukoV vkSj csbZekuh ls uQ+jr FkhA ftu yksxksa ls muds oSpkfjd erHksn Fks] muls Hkh os Lusg djrs
Fks vkSj O;fDrxr thou esa mudk vknj djrs FksA ,d egku ys[kd gksus ds lkFk&lkFk os ,d egku
O;fDr Hkh FksA

èku] in ;k iqjLdkjksa us mUgsa dHkh eksfgr ugha fd;kA ¯gnh lkfgR; ds lHkh izfrf"Br iqjLdkj
mUgsa fn;s x;s] ysfdu mUgksaus Lohdkj fd;s vius 'krks± ijA iqjLdkjksa ds lkFk tqM+h èku&jkf'k mUgkasus
lk{kjrk izlkj ds fy, nku dj nhA lEeku ysus ds fy, og dgha x;s ugha] iqjLdkj nsus okys mu
rd vk;s] pkgs os m|ksxifr ds-ds- fcM+yk gksa vkSj pkgs lEekuuh; eq[;ea=kh 'khyk nhf{krA

30 ebZ 2000 dks ,d Hkjk iwjk thou fcrkus ds ckn] ftls dbZ ek;uksa esa ,d vkn'kZ thou
dgk tk ldrk gS] mUgksaus bl lalkj ls fonk yhA vius ihNs os cgqr lkjs ,sls lw=k NksM+ x;s gSa ftu
ij py ge lkezkT;okn] laiznk;okn vkSj mlls lacð dqjhfr;ksa dks rks VDdj ns gh ldrs gSa] lgh ekuksa
esa ,d tuoknh x.kra=k dh LFkkiuk dj ldrs gSaA

eks-% 09810018167

302 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

jkaxs; jk?ko

eSa iwNrk gwa lcls] xfnZ'k dgka Fkesxh

v'kksd dqekj ikaMs;

gks fdruh vutku jkg ;g Hkwy u tkuk
vks esjs thou ds ;k=kh pyrs tkuk
gj catj ds fy, es?k dks pyks cqykrs
gj ihfM+r ds fy, pyks rqe ân; #ykrs
eu dh èkjrh dHkh u lw[ks djks dkeuk
lkjh Hkwfe gjh dj nsxh ;gh lkèkuk

&&jkaxs; jk?ko dh dfork ^fcyM+h dh èkjrh* ls
,d

jkaxs; jk?ko ls esjk igyk ifjp; mudh cgqpfpZr dgkuh ^xny* ds ekè;e ls gqvk FkkA 1991&92
dh xfeZ;ksa dh dksbZ nksigj jgh gksxh tc eka ds ch-,- ds ikB~;Øe dh dgkfu;ksa dk ladyu esjs gkFk
yxkA mlesa dksbZ nl ;k ckjg dgkfu;ka jgh gksaxhA ysfdu tks eq>s ;kn jg x;h gSa] os gSa panzèkj 'kekZ
^xqysjh* dh ^mlus dgk Fkk*] vejdkar dh ^fMIVh dyDVjh*] vKs; dh ^xSaxzhu* vkSj jkaxs; jk?ko dh
^xny*A ,d fcYdqy fHkUu ifjos'k dh bl dgkuh us esjs fd'kksj eu dks csgn m}sfyr fd;k Fkk]
ysfdu ml NksVh lh txg ij mudk fy[kk dqN vkSj u fey ldkA xksj[kiqj vkus ij tks nwljh pht+
mudh fn[kh] og fe=k Lons'k dqekj dh lkfgfR;d iqLrdksa dh nqdku ^v{kjk* ij muds }kjk fd;s
x;s 'ksDlih;j ds vuqokn FksA ml le; rd 'ksDlih;j ds dbZ ukVd ewy esa i<+ pqdk Fkk ysfdu
fQj Hkh jkaxs; jk?ko ds uke dk izHkko gh Fkk fd muesa ls dbZ dks i<+us ds fy, ys x;kA ysfdu ^xny*
dks i<+dj ftruk m}sfyr gqvk Fkk] bu vuqoknksa dks i<+dj mruk gh fujk'kA ckn esa tSls&tSls mUgsa
i<+rk x;k] bu nks Nksjksa ds chp dk lsrq tksM+us dh dksf'k'k djrk jgkA cgqr ckn esa muds miU;kl
dc rd iqdk:a esa vk;s ,d izlax us esjh bl xqRFkh dks lqy>k;k tgka ,d jktk us uVh ls oknk fd;k
Fkk fd og vxj ,d igkM+h ls nwljh igkM+h ds chp caèkh jLlh ij pydj tk;s rks mls vkèkk jktikV
ns nsxkA uVh tc vkèks jkLrs ij igqaph rks jktk dks yxk fd dgha og lpeqp ml ikj rd u pyh
tk;s] jktk ds b'kkjs ij jLlh dkV nh x;h vkSj uVh fxjdj ej x;hA

1988 esa ih-,p-Mh- dj ysus ds ckn ys[ku ij iwjh rjg ls dsafnzr gksus ds fy, fo'ofo|ky;
dh ukSdjh vkSj izxfr'khy thou ewY;ksa ds Lohdkj ds ckn oSj xkao ds eafnj ls tqM+s ifjokj dh iqjksfgrkbZ
dk ijaijkxr is'kk vkSj mlls tqM+h tkxhj Bqdjkus okys jkaxs; jk?ko us eflthoh cus jgus ds vius
fu.kZ; dk eksy pqdk;kA viuh reke jpukvksa dk dkWihjkbV dkSfM+;ksa ds eksy csp fn;k] izdk'kdksa
dh ekax ij vaxzst+h ls reke Ñfr;ksa dk ^:ikarj.k* fd;k] ys[k fy[ks] dkslZ dh fdrkcksa ds fy, fy[kk-
- vkSj Hkh D;k&D;kA ysfdu bl ruh jLlh ij larqyu cukdj bl Nksj ls ml Nksj rd tk ikuk Hkh
muds fy, laHko ugha gqvkA lkfgR; ds ?kksj lkearh xBtksM+ksa okys lekt esa os vkykspdksa vkSj eBkèkh'kksa

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 303

ds chp vius thoudky esa Hkh misf{kr gh jgsA gka] ikBdksa ds chp mudh yksdfiz;rk vlafnXèk rc

Hkh Fkh] vc Hkh gSA
nks
miU;kl] dgkuh] fjiksrkZt] dfork lfgr reke foèkkvksa esa leku vfèkdkj ls fy[kus okys jkaxs; jk?ko

u dsoy vius le; vkSj lekt dh csgn xgjh tkudkjh j[kus okys vkSj mldh foMacukvksa dh rg
esa tkdj js'kk&js'kk vyx djus okys jpukdkj gSa] cfYd blls vkxs tkdj muls nks&nks gkFk dj lkfgR;
dks ,d csgrj Hkfo"; ds fuekZ.k ds t+:jh vkSt+kj dh rjg mi;ksx djus okys HkhA ek=k 23 o"kZ dh
mez esa mudk igyk miU;kl ?kjkSank izdkf'kr gqvk FkkA bldk ft+Ø djrs gq, mudh iRuh lqykspuk
jkaxs; jk?ko us fy[kk gS] ^oSls i<+us esa vPNs Fks] ijarq ch-,- esa vFkZ'kkL=k esa dEikVZesaV vk;kA muds
firk dks bl vlQyrk dk dkj.k ckn esa irk pyk] tc ?kjkSank rS;kj gks x;kA dkWyst ds izkax.k esa
mxs isM+ dh Nk;k esa cSB] vFkZ'kkL=k dh Dykl esa tkus ds ctk; ?kjkSank fy[kus esa rYyhu jgrsA ;g
mudk igyk ekSfyd miU;kl gS] ftls mUgksaus 18 lky dh vk;q esa fy[kk FkkA* bl miU;kl dh
fo"k;&oLrq Hkh dkWyst ds bnZ&fxnZ gh gS tgka xkao dk ,d esèkkoh Nk=k Hkxorh 'kgj ds ,d dkWyst

esa nkf[+kyk ysrk gS vkSj ogka dh pdkpkSaèk ls :&c&: gksrk gSA mrkj&p<+koksa ls Hkjs dksbZ <kbZ lkS iUuksa
ds bl miU;kl esa jkaxs; jk?ko dh jpukRed izfrHkk ds lkFk izxfr'khy n`f"V Hkh Li"V rkSj ij yf{kr
dh tk ldrh gSA lqxfBr dFkkoLrq] izokge;h Hkk"kk] L=kh ik=kksa ds izfr mudh lgkuqHkwfr] lÙkk'kkyh

oxZ ds izfr rh{.k vkykspukRed n`f"V vkSj oafpr oxZ ds izfr Li"V i{kèkjrk ds dkj.k ;g miU;kl
vkt Hkh izklafxd vkSj iBuh; yxrk gSA miU;kl ds vkjaHk esa gh tc lsØsVjh gj o"kZ dkWyst esa
nkf[+kyk ysus okyh yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k esa c<+ksrjh dh ckr dks vQ+lksl ds lkFk dgrk gS rks ys[kd

dh fVIi.kh gS] ^tSls tc ls yM+fd;ka vkus yxha budh t+cku ij ,d&,d ?kko gksrk x;k vkSj vkt
,d lkS chl iwjs gks x;sA* xkao vkSj 'kgj ds chp dk tks }a} mudh jpukvksa esa var rd fn[kk;h
nsrk gS] mlds òksr Hkh bl miU;kl esa gh fn[kk;h nsus yxrs gSaA ,d lanHkZ esa os fy[krs gSa] ^'kgj

eas :i gkrs k glµS kekz T;kas dk oHS ko mudh mPp vVV~ kfydkvkas eas fNik jgrk g]S yfs du uhps gh rhoz
vèa kdkj dkus kas eas xjq k;Z k djrk gAS njw &njw rd QyS rh Nk;kxµ koa kas eas eu"q ; dos y thfor jgrk gAS
o`) vius thou ls cst+kj gks tkrs gSa] ;qod viuh Hkw[k vkSj oklukvksa dks feVkus dh gh bPNk esa >qd

tkrs gSa] vkSjrksa dh Nkrh ukt+ djus ls igys dh <y tkrh gS vkSj cPps xans] f?kukSuh lh jkg ij dqÙkksa
ds lkFk [ksyk djrs gSaA eè;oxZ bl xkao dh >wBh lknxh ij ejrk gSA jbZl ogka izÑfr dk lkSan;Z
ns[kus tkrs gSaA ioZr dk euksje n`'; dkSu ugha tkurk\ fdarq tks i'kq izÑfr dh dBksj n;k ij xqQkvksa

esa iyrk gS] og dHkh lq[kh ugha gksrkA*vkSj è;ku jf[k, fd xzkeh.k thou dk ;g Øwj ;FkkFkZ os pkyhl
ds n'kd ds ml nkSj esa yk jgs Fks tc izsepan lfgr fganh ds reke jpukdkj 'kgj dh rqyuk esa xzkeh.k
thou dks egku crkrs gq, mlds }a}ghu fp=k.k esa yxs FksA ^vgk xzkE; thou Hkh D;k gS* ds eksgd

xhrksa ls lkfgR; dh nqfu;k xqatk;eku FkhA oSls xzkeh.k thou dk ;g vkn'kZoknh vkSj :ekuh fp=k.k
ckn esa Hkh yxkrkj pyrk gh jgk vkSj cacb;k fQ+Yeksa dh rjg lkfgR; esa Hkh xzkeh.k thou dh
foMacukvksa dks vius dfYir vkn'kZ yksd dh lqugjh ijr esa nck;k tkrk jgkA ysfdu jkaxs; jk?ko]

ftUgksaus xzkeh.k thou dks gh ugha] eq[;èkkjk ls ckgj dj fn;s x;s tu&leqnk;ksa ds thou dks Hkh csgn
d+jhc ls vkSj lac) gksdj ns[kk Fkk] muds ijorhZ lkfgR; esa bl foMacuk dk fp=k.k vkSj Hkh vfèkd
304 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

Li"Vrk ls gqvk gSA izsepan dh cgqpfpZr dgkuh ^iap ijes'oj* ds gh 'kh"kZd ls fy[kh viuh ,d
dgkuh dh Hkwfedk esa os fy[krs gSa] ^tu&thou dk dkSu&lk :i gS tks vkt gesa [khaprk gSA leL;k
dk gy ;k ;FkkFkZ dk fp=k.k! eSa bu nksuksa dks ;qxijd lR; ekurk gwa] ijarq bUgsa lkfgR; dk lc
dqN ugha ekurk D;ksafd lkfgR; dk l`tu ,d vkSj Hkh O;kid rRo pkgrk gSA og rRo gS Hkko&fp=k.k]
izkphu 'kkfL=k;ksa ds 'kCnksa esa] vkSj esjh O;k[;k esa ekuoh;rk dk O;kid :iA blh rRo dks eSaus fujarj
fodflr fd;k gSA izsepan esa bldk vHkko FkkA* dc rd iqdk:a dh Hkwfedk esa mUgksaus bls vkSj Li"V
rjhd+s ls fy[kk gS] ^izsepan ds le; esa jk"Vªh; vkanksyu fons'kh ds fo#) Fkk] vr% ml le; jk"Vªh;rk
dk gh egÙo muds miU;klksa esa feyrk gSA izsepan vkn'kZoknh Hkh FksA xkao dh cgqr lh vlfy;r
Hkh os blh ls Li"V ugha fy[k lds Fks D;ksafd ml le; leL;k jk"Vªh; vkanksyu dks cy nsus dh Fkh]
fdarq vc ;qx izsepan ls vkxs dk gS vkSj dsoy 'kks"k.k dk vkfFkZd igyw gh ns[kuk dkQ+h ugha gSA
'kgjksa esa cSBus okys vkèkqfudrk ds ut+fj;s ls lcdqN ns[k Mkyrs gSaA ij vlyh Hkkjr xkao esa gS] tks
vc Hkh eè;dkyhu fo'oklksa ls xzLr gSA ;s fo'okl eè;dkyhu vk£Fkd O;oLFkk ls fu;af=kr gSaA*
xzkeh.k thou dh foMacukvksa dk fp=k.k vkSj mRihM+d lkekftd lajpukvksa dks csinZ djus dh mudh
;g eqfge thoui;±r pyrh jghA

rhu

;g egt la;ksx ugha gS fd muds lcls pfpZr miU;kl] dc rd iqdk:a vkSj lcls pfpZr dgkuh
^xny* dk dFkkud o.kZO;oLFkk vkSj ySafxd erHksn tSlh bUgha mRihM+d lkekftd lajpukvksa ds
f'kdkj nks tuleqnk;ksa ds thou ds bnZ&fxnZ ?kwerk gSA mudk ,d vkSj pfpZr miU;kl] èkjrh esjk
?kj Hkh ,sls gh ,d leqnk; xkfM+;k yksgkjksa ij gSA vc rd yxHkx Dykfld dk ntkZ ik pqds vius
miU;kl] dc rd iqdk:a esa mUgksaus jktLFkku vkSj if'peh mÙkj izns'k dh djuV tkfr ds tuthou
dks dsanz esa j[kk gSA bl vkfne tutkfr dh thou'kSyh] ewY;&ekU;rkvksa] buds lrr mRihM+u vkSj
cnyrs lkekftd&jktuhfrd ifjos'k ds mu ij izHkkoksa dks jkaxs; jk?ko us bruh xgjkbZ vkSj bruh
lac)rk ls fpf=kr fd;k gS fd ;g miU;kl] ftlds ,d jksekapd ,sfrgkfld vk[;ku Hkj cu dj
jg tkus] ;k fQj vkapfyd tSlk dqN cu tkus dh iwjh laHkkouk Fkh] vkèkqfud rFkk oSKkfud thou
ewY;ksa dk mn~?kks"kd cu tkrk gSA muds L=kh ik=k vkèkqfud L=kh dh Lora=krk ds mn~?kks"k ls Loj feykrs
yxrs gSaA pank vkSj ujs'k ds izlax esa rks mUgksaus varjtkrh; izse fookg tSls loky ij csgn [kqydj
ckr dh gS vkSj os Li"V i{kèkjrk ds lkFk lkeus vk;s gSaA ,d izlax esa ys[kd dgrk gS] ^;g cqjkbZ
ugha gSA ;g tkr&ikr lc vkneh ds cuk;s caèku gSaA nqfu;k esa ,d eqYd vejhdk gSA ogka dkys
gC'kh jgrs gSa] mu ij vR;kpkj gksrk gS] D;ksafd ogka ds ckd+h gqdwer djus okys yksx xksjs jax ds gSa-
---cqjk èku gS] èku dh xqykeh cqjh gSA* ;gka ;g ft+Ø Hkh izklafxd gksxk fd vius fcYdqy vafre
nkSj ds miU;kl] ir>j esa Hkh ,d euksoSKkfud ds ekè;e ls mUgksaus varjtkrh; izse fookg ds loky
dks Hkh mBk;k gS vkSj mls ;kaf=kd rjhd+s ls gy djus dh txg fofHkUu lekt'kkL=kh; rFkk
euksoSKkfud voèkkj.kkvksa dh xgu foospuk ds lkFk os varjtkrh; fookg ds i{k esa [kM+s gq, gSaA bl
miU;kl esa os vkèkqfudrk ds uke ij if'pe ds vaèkkuqdj.k ds lkFk&lkFk okeiaFkh ns'kksa ds Hkhrj
O;fDrxr Lokra=; ij t+cju yxk;h tk jgh cafn'kksa ij Hkh loky [kM+k djrs gSa] ^phu okys O;fDrxr
laifÙk gVkus ds fy, ifjokj rksM+ jgs gSa] t+cjnLrhA eSa t+cjnLrh ij fo'okl ugha djrk] vkSj ifjokj

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 305

dk var eSa blfy, dg jgk Fkk fd euq"; dk pje y{; viuk ckSf)d fodkl djuk gS] tks mlds
efLr"d ij fuHkZj gSA og ;ksx ds fodkl ls gks ldrk gS vkSj bu tkrh; caèkuksa ls ;ksx dk fodkl
#drk gSA blfy, ifjokj uke dh pht+ VwV tk;sxhA eSa tkurk gwa] vki bl ckr dks lqudj galsaxsA
eSa ,d rjQ+ ifjokj rksM+us dh ckr dj jgk gwa vkSj nwljh rjQ+ Lora=k izse dh ckrsa dj jgk gwaA* bl
miU;kl esa mUgksaus ftl rjg vkfne d+chykbZ ;qx ls ysdj vkèkqfud ;qx rd ds lekt esa fookg
laLFkk esa varfuZfgr ccZjrk dks fpf=kr fd;k gS] og jkgqy lkaÑrR;k;u ds izfl) miU;kl] oksYxk
ls xaxk dh ;kn fnykrk gSA

dc rd iqdk:a dk fo'kn foospu rks vyx ls ,d yacs vkys[k dh ekax djrk gS] ysfdu la{ksi
esa ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd dc rd iqdk:a esa jkaxs; jk?ko us ftruk cM+k dSuokl jpk gS] ftlesa
og iwjc&if'pe] vkSifuosf'kd ekufldrk ds var}±}] tkfrO;oLFkk ds Hkhrj L=kh ;kSfudrk ds
fu;a=k.k] vkfnoklh leqnk; ds Hkhrj L=kh dh ;kSfudrk dh Lora=krk ds cgkus L=kh iz'uksa ij xgu
foe'kZ vkSj lkearh mRihM+u dh fofHkUu rgksa dh iM+rky tSls egÙoiw.kZ dk;Z dj ikrs gSa] og vU;=k
nqyZHk fn[kk;h nsrk gSA ;g ,d fopkjd vkSj ,d jpukdkj ds :i esa muds fojkV O;fDrRo dk irk
nsrk gS rks mudh laosnukvksa vkSj i{kèkjrk dk HkhA ledkyhu vfLerk foe'kks± ls dksbZ ikap n'kd
igys bu fo"k;ksa ij bruk Li"V vkSj bruk [kjk fy[kus okyk ys[kd foe'kks± ds ledkyhu 'kksj esa
D;ksa ;kn ugha fd;k tkrk] ;g dksbZ eqf'dy loky ugha gSA

ikjaifjd rFkk fganh esa ifjfpr xzkeh.k thou ls brj gekjh lkekftd O;oLFkk ds gkf'k;s ij
fLFkr bu vkfne ?kqearw leqnk;ksa ij ftruk jkaxs; jk?ko us fy[kk gS] esjh lhfer tkudkjh esa fganh ds
fdlh vU; ys[kd us ugha fy[kk gSA ;g blfy, Hkh egÙoiw.kZ gS fd ,d rjQ+ rks vkerkSj ij
eq[;èkkjk ls ckgj ekus tkus okys bu lektksa dh reke ewY;&ekU;rk,a ikjaifjd lektksa dh lkearh
ewY;&ekU;rkvksa ls vfèkd [kqyh vkSj ekuoh; ut+j vkrh gSa] rks nwljh rjQ+ lkfgR; txr esa
lkekU;r% bu lHkh lektksa ds xgu ekuofoKkuh rFkk lekt'kkL=kh; vè;;u dh eqf'dy jkg
viukus dh txg bUgsa fdlh jgL;e; eksuksfyFk esa rCnhy dj misf{kr j[kk tkrk gS] vkSj xkao dh
,d ^ekud* lajpuk ds fofHkUu ^Vksyksa* ds chp dh vkoktkgh dks gh laiw.kZ xzkeh.k lekt dh
vkoktkgh eku dj dke pyk fy;k tkrk gSA blds lkFk&lkFk iwoksZ)fjr rFkk vU; miU;klksa esa Hkh
jkaxs; jk?ko us vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k ds frfyLeksa dks Hkh c[kwch Hksnk gSA xzkeh.k thou ij dsafnzr ,d miU;kl]
iFk dk iki esa os fy[krs gSa] ^fdlku dh dekbZ cM+h xk<+h esgur dhA rkoM+k dh èked esa xksjh dkyh
iM+ tk;s [kkyA vc gy pykvks] fQj cksvks] fQj ujkok djks] fQj dkVks] fQj nka; djks] fQj cjlkvks]
rc dgha ukt ?kj vk;sA frlesa vkaèkh] ikyk] fctyh] dM+d] fVM~Mh] fVM~Mk] ipkl tks[ksa gSaA* bu
iafDr;ksa esa cztHkk"kk ij mudk vlkèkkj.k vfèkdkj vkSj mldk lkS"Bo Hkh ns[krs gh curk gSA

pkj

,d jpukdkj ds :i esa mudh cgqvk;kferk vkSj fo"k; ds foospu dh vn~Hkqr {kerk ds ihNs mudk
fojkV vè;;u Hkh FkkA u dsoy os fganh] laLÑr] rfey] vaxzst+h vkSj czt tSlh Hkk"kkvksa ds izdkaM
fo}ku Fks] vfirq bfrgkl] n'kZu] jktuhfr] lekt'kkL=k] èkeZ'kkL=k] vFkZ'kkL=k vkfn ds Hkh xgu vè;srk
FksA mUgksaus ek;dksoLdh] pkSlj] gksej] ;wfjihMht+] jkcVZ yqbZ LVhosalu vkSj ykvksRlq tSls dfo;ksa ij
fdrkcsa rS;kj dh Fkha ¼tks vizdkf'kr gh jg x;ha½ rks lekt'kkL=k] vijkèk'kkL=k] laLÑfr vkSj
306 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

ekuo'kkL=k tSls fo"k;ksa ij vfèkdkjiwoZd fy[kus ds lkFk&lkFk eè;dkyhu eqfLye bfrgkl ij Hkh
fdrkc fy[kh Fkh ¼bldk ,d [kaM mUgksaus fy[kk Fkk] vle; e`R;q ds dkj.k bls vkxs ugha fy[k lds½A
1946 esa mUgksaus Hkkjrh; iqutkZxj.k dh Hkwfedk fy[kh rks vkykspuk ds Hkh nl ls vfèkd xzaFk fy[ksA
bu lc dk vlj muds miU;klksa esa fn[krk gSA mudk cgqp£pr miU;kl] eqnks± dk Vhyk eksgutksnM+ks
ij fy[kk x;k] esjh tkudkjh esa] igyk miU;kl gSA blds igys eqYdjkt vkuan us blh fo"k; ij
,d dgkuh fy[kh FkhA ;g miU;kl eksgutksnM+ks dh [kqnkbZ ls igys fy[kk x;k FkkA x+kSjryc ckr
;g gS fd bl miU;kl esa ogka ds tuthou vkSj muds jgu&lgu ds ckjs esa nh x;h vusd izLFkkiuk,a
jk[kky nkl cuthZ }kjk bldh [kqnkbZ ds mijkar fn;s x;s fu"d"kks± ds fcYdqy vuq:i gSaA os ,d
miU;kldkj ds :i esa vius le; ls vkxs fudy tkrs gSaA blds vykok fganh esa fjiksrkZt 'kSyh esa
ys[ku djus okys Hkh os igys gh ys[kd gSaA caxky ds vdky ds nkSj esa ogka dk nkSjk djus x;h
izxfr'khy ys[kd la?k dh Vhe ds lnL; jgs jkaxs; jk?ko us ogka ls ykSVdj rwQ+kuksa ds chp uke ls
tks fjiksrkZt fy[kk gS] og bl 'kSyh dh cqfu;kn Hkh gS vkSj cqyanh HkhA

lqykspuk jkaxs; jk?ko us iwoksZ)fjr iqLrd esa muds thou vkSj fo'oklksa ds ckjs esa reke jkspd
tkudkfj;ka nh gSaA esjs fy, buesa ,d tks csgn egÙoiw.kZ ckr gS] og gS mudk dfo :iA esjh ih<+h
ds reke yksx bl ckr ls vifjfpr gSa fd jkaxs; jk?ko us u dsoy ,d jpukdkj ds ukrs viuh
'kq#vkr dfo ds :i esa dh Fkh] vfirq ckn esa ,d miU;kldkj vkSj dgkuhdkj ds :i esa igpku
ik ysus ds ckn Hkh mUgksaus dforkvksa dk Øe yxkrkj tkjh j[kkA lqykspuk th us viuh fdrkc esa
Ng izdkf'kr vkSj lkr vizdkf'kr dfork&laxzgksa dh lwph nsus ds lkFk&lkFk mudh dqN dforkvksa
dks Hkh txg&txg mn~?k`r fd;k gSA reke dksf'k'kksa ds ckn muds ladyu u fey ikus ds dkj.k bl
ys[k esa mu ij foLrkj ls ckr djuk laHko ugha gks ik jgkA blh laLej.k esa os ,d txg crkrh gSa
fd jkaxs; jk?ko us dHkh dgk Fkk fd ^os pkgrs gSa fd yksx mUgsa dfo ds :i esa tkusaA*

ysfdu ftl vFkkZHkko esa os yxkrkj la?k"kZ djrs jgs] muesa 'kk;n x| gh mudh eqlhcrksa dk dqN
gn rd funku dj ikrk FkkA ;gh otg Fkh fd dbZ ckj muds miU;kl tYnckt+h esa fy[ks gq, yxrs
gSaA dbZ ckj ,slk yxrk gS fd cl budk igyk Mªk¶+V rS;kj fd;k x;k vkSj izdk'kd dks ns fn;k
x;kA ,d eflthoh ys[kd dh fganh esa ;g nqnZ'kk dksbZ vdsyh ugh gSA ysfdu [kyus okyh ckr gS]
fganh dh laLFkkxr vkykspuk }kjk mudh mis{kkA ftl d+n vkSj ftl jsat ds os ys[kd Fks] fganh dh
vkykspuk us ml xaHkhjrk ls mu ij dke ugha fd;kA dqN mckÅ 'kksèk izcaèkksa ds vykok muds
jpukRed vonku dh xaHkhj foospuk djus okyh dksbZ fdrkc vkt Hkh ckt+kj esa fn[kk;h ugha nsrhA
39 lky ds vYi thou dky esa lkB ls vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ ekSfyd fdrkcsa fy[kus okys bl vf}rh;
izfrHkk'kkyh ys[kd ds jpuklalkj dh iM+rky dk dke u dsoy muds egÙo dks le>us esa ennxkj
gksxk cfYd Lora=krk ds rqjar ckn dh lkekftd&vk£Fkd&jktuhfrd ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj gkf'k;s ds
lekt ds lkFk muds varl±caèkksa vkSj }a}ksa dks le>us ds ml t+:jh dke dk fgLlk Hkh cusxk] tks
orZeku gkykr esa ,d oSdfYid lkekftd&vk£Fkd&jktuhfrd O;oLFkk ds fuekZ.k ds dke esa yxs
yksxksa dks Hkfo"; dk ekWMy rS;kj djus ds fy, t+:jh [kkn&ikuh dk dke djsxkA

eks-% 09425787930

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 307

'khy

v'kksd frokjh

Ekéyw ky 'khy mu jpukdkjkas eas ls jgs gaS ftuds fy, dykdeZ dHkh Hkh thou ls gVdj dkbs Z vyx
pht+ ugha jgh gAS thou ds gj jxa eas Lo;a dks dyk dh dlkVS h ij [kjk mrkjus okys 'khyth eyw r%
dfo jgs gaS ;k ukVddkj & ;g dguk FkkMs +k eqf'dy gAS 'kk;n nkus kas ghA mUgkuas s nkus kas gh {k=s kkas eas viuh
et+crw idM+ cuk;h gAS mudh dforkvkas eas ,d vkjs tgka vke bla ku cjcl ft+ank gks mBrk gS ogha
nlw jh vkjs muds ukVdkas eas egs urd'k dk fdjnkj viuh ijw h r;S kjh ds lkFk 'kk"s kdkas ls nks nks gkFk
djrk ut+j vkrk gAS og yM+rk gS vkjS lektoknh ifz rLFkkiuk ds ifz r viuh ifz rc)rk ntZ djrk
gAS bl grs q 'khyth ds ukVdkas eas ftl rjg ds LokHkkfod rdZ mHkjdj lkeus vkrs gaS & og n[s krs
gh curs gAaS os egs urd'k ds lq[k nq[k dh tks rLohj vius lkfgR; eas mdjs rs g]aS og bruh lPph
vkjS ;FkkFkZ ds d+jhc gkrs h gS fd eqga ls cjcl QVw mBrk gS & okg!

'khyth ds y[s ku dk egÙoi.w kZ nkjS yxHkx rHkh 'kq: gqvk tc ixz fr'khy y[s ku dk nkjS vkrk
gAS rhljs n'kd ds ckn okys nkjS eas ixz fr'khy prs uk dk Lo:i rts +h ds lkFk fodflr gqvkA fgna qLrku
ds reke y[s kd bl lxa Bu dk fgLlk cuAs 'khyth ixz fr'khy y[s kd l?a k dh LFkkiuk ¼1936½ ds
ckn gh ixz fr'khy /kkjk eas vk;s gk]as ,ls k ugha gAS os mlls igys ^rd&rd rd&rd cyS *] ^fo"kerk*]
^et+njw dh >kis M+h* ljh[kh dfork,a fy[k jgs FkAs 'khyth dh dforkvkas dk lkekftd fpra u Li"Vrk
ds lkFk lkeus vk jgk FkkA p[kk'Z kkyk ds xk/a khoknh dfo dk dkxa lsz dh le>krS kijLr uhfr;kas ls
ekgs Hkxa gkus k LokHkkfod FkkA Qyr% 'khyth dE;qfuLV fopkj/kkjk ds fudV vkrs pys x;As bldh
>yd muds y[s ku eas fujra j lkeus vkus yxhA

'khyth vius y[s ku eas tks Hkk"kk bLres ky djrs Fks oks lnoS vke ckys pky dh Hkk"kk gh jghA
ckys pky dh Hkk"kk eas gh mUgkuas s leLr lkfgR;deZ fd;kA Hkk"kk eas fdlh rjg dk Hknls iu] cukoV
;k fDy"Vrk mUgas ilna ugha FkhA ckr ,ls s dh tk;s vkjS fy[kh tk;s fd tu tu dks le> vk;As
rkfd ikBd ml jpuk ds lkFk viuk lca /a k LFkkfir dj ik;As ikBd ds lkFk vkjS ml jpuk ds lkFk
bl rjg ,deds gkus k jpuk dh rkd+r dks idz V djrk gAS 1953 eas fy[kh ^HkkbZ dk i=k* dfork
eas 'khyth us vius HkkbZ dh loa ns uk dks lelkef;d ifjfLFkfr;kas eas lgtrk ds lkFk fijk;s k gAS

nq[k ns jgk lqjkt] fdlku djkg jgs gSa@HkS;k fQj vc rqEgsa ;gka lc pkg jgs gSaA
rM+i jgs gSa yksx] ?kksj cspSuh QSyh@mBus dks rwQku] vHkh dqN Fkkg jgs gSaA
FkksM+k fy[kk] le>uk T+;knk] Hkwy u djuk@#i;k nsuk Hkst eqlhcr nsrh /kjukA

¼ykok vkSj Qwy] i`- 64½

blh idz kj Rkhu fnu rhu ?kj ukVd gks ;k fdlku ;k gok dk #[+k ;k fQj ikLs Vj fpidkvks
;k fQj dkbs Z vU; & gj ukVd egs urd'k vkjS e/;oxZ dh reke foMca ukvkas dks mtkxj djrk pyrk

308 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

gAS Hkk"kk ,ls h fd loa kn vius eqga ls QVw rs ut+j vk;Aas ukVd ,oa dfork dk eeZ mu 'kCnkas eas bl

d+nj tT+c gks fd yx]s ;g ejs h viuh gh ckr g]S viuh gh ihM+k g]S viuk gh dFku gAS

'khyth dk thou'‘ k#q vkr ls gh l?a k"keZ ; jgkA mUgkuas s t>q k:iu ds lkFk ?kj ifjokj ,oa lekt ds

lkFk vius fojk/s k lkQ+rkjS ij ntZ fd;As 'kq: 'kq: eas firk mUgas ifa MrkbZ ds pDdj eas Qla kuk pkgrs

Fks tcfd mudh e'a kk 'kq: ls gh fdrkckas ls Kku ikz Ir djus dh FkhA x+jhch ,oa ikfjokfjd rxa h ds

pyrs 'khyth viuh i<+kbZ tkjh u j[k ldAs vius ckck ds lkFk gy dh eBw idM+uk] firk ds lkFk

ifa MrkbZ ds <kxas &<ikM+kas rFkk reke vkMca jkas dks >ys uk o bu lcds chp vius vkidks vkus okys oD+r

ds fy, r;S kj djuk 'khyth ds fy, ,d pqukrS hi.w kZ dke FkkA

Ckpiu dh x+jhch ds ml vkye eas 'khyth us firk ds lkFk ^lR;ukjk;.k dh dFkk,*a Hkh dhAa

yfyr 'kqDy dks fy[ks ,d i=k eas mu fnukas dks ;kn djrs gq, mUgkuas s fy[kk % ^lR;ukjk;.k dh dFkk,&a

dHkh&dHkh ,d fnu eas pkj&ikpa gks tkrh FkhAa vkjS firkth ls ;g r; Fkk fd dFkkvkas eas tks ilS k p<+xs k

og mudk vkjS itw k eas ;kuh x.k's k] xk;S k]Z dy'k vkfn eas tks feyxs k og ejs kA gk]a eq>s tks ilS k feyrk

Fkk & mlls eaS iqLrd [+kjhnrk FkkA nks rhu iqLrdkas dh eq>s fo'k"s k Lef` r gS & pna dz kra k lra fr] 'kadj
fot; vkjS jek'kda j voLFkh dh lkfs o;r Økfa r lca /a kh iqLrdA ¼/kkj dkQ+h g]S i-` 264½

Hk;da j dedZ kMa vkjS vkMca j;qDr bu ÑR;kas ls 'khyth us rkcS k dj yh vkjS fu'p; dj fy;k

fd tks gk]s iqjkfs grh deZ djds dedZ kMa h ifa Mr cuuk mUgas d+rbZ vHkh"V ugha gAS vius xkoa ikyh eas

os dkxa lsz ds igys lnL; cuAs fnu eas tYnh gh [krs h ds dke dks [k+Re djds os fuR;ifz r dkxa lsz

ds dke eas fudy tkrAs dkxa lsz dk ecas j cuuk xkoa ds t+ehna kj dks jkl ugha vk;kA og 'khyth dh

vkt+knh ds vkna kys u eas dh tk jgh f'kjdr vkjS vklikl ds xkoa kas eas dkxa lsz ds ecas j cuk;s tkus dks

cjnk'r ugha dj ik jgk FkkA mldh fj;k;k ;s lc djs & mls ;g lc dlS s eTa +kjw gkrs kA og 'khyth

dks pkjs &cnek'k] nQ+k nl dk tjk;e i's kk cukus ij mrk: gks x;kA mlus 'khyth ds firk dks /

kedk;k & ?kqM+dk;k fd os vius yM+ds dks ljdkj fojk/s kh x+yr jkLrkas ij tkus ls jkds ]as ugha rks

?kj&ifjokj ds lHkh ykxs kas dks tys eas cna djok fn;k tk;xs kA

'khyth us ?kj eas firk ds dM+s O;ogkj ,oa #[+k ds ckotnw viuk dke ugha NkMs +kA 16 lky dh

mez eas 'khyth dk fookg gks x;kA foMca uk ;g fd fookg ds ,d ekg ckn gh 'khyth tys igqpa

x;As tys ;k=kkvkas ds njE;ku gh iRuh o cPps dk ngs kra gqvkA eka dks Hkh [kk;s kA exj ijw s l?a k"keZ ;

thou eas 'khyth us dHkh /k;S Z ugha [kk;s kA tys eas lkFkh jktufS rd d+fS n;kas dks tc 'khyth fdlku

,oa et+njw i{kèkjrk dh dfork,a lqukrs rks os mUgas dkejMs dgdj lca kfs /kr djrAs vkjS ;ghs os {k.k

Fks tc os dE;qfuT+e dh vkjs vkdf"krZ gq, rFkk ekDloZ kn i<+us dh ijzs .kk ikz Ir dhA

ekDlZ ,oa yfs uu ds fopkjkas dks i<+us vkjS le>us dk volj 'khyth dks rc feyk tc os vkxjk

tys eas cna FkAs mUgas le> vkus yxk Fkk fd ^xk/a kh dh leUo;dkjh jktuhfr Hkfs M+;k vkjS cdjh dks

,d txg ikuh fiykus dh jktuhfr FkhA* 'khyth ds lkfgR; eas oxh;Z nf` ”Vdk.s k ls pht+kas dks n[s kus

dh nf` "V 'kq: ls gh feyrh gAS mudh jpukvkas eas lkekftd ;FkkFkZ ds lkFk lkFk vra fojZ k/s k] }}a o

itaw hoknh gFkdMa kas dks lkQ+ rkjS ij n[s kk tk ldrk gAS mudk lexz y[s ku eyw r% lkekz T;okn dk fojkès k

djrs gq, fdlkuk]as ihfM+rk]as 'kkfs "krkas ,oa nfyrkas dh i{k/kjrk djrk gAS ;gh i{k/kjrk muds y[s ku dk

dnas hz ; rRo gAS u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 309

;d+huu 'khyth ds y[s ku eas fdlkukas o et+njw kas ds ifz r i{k/kjrk mudh rkd+r ds :i eas mHkjdj
vkrh gAS ,d vkjs tgka os gfjo'a kjk; cPpu dh e/kq'kkyk ds cjDl p[kk'Z kkyk fy[k jgs Fk]s ogha os
jk"Vhª ; vkna kys u eas 'kjhd gkrs s gq, fdlku ,oa egs urd'k ds ifz r viuh ifz rc)rk dks y[s ku eas
mtkxj dj jgs Fk%s

Eksjh bl p[kkZ'kkyk esa Lora=krk ds rkj Hkjs
nhu ghu et+nwj fdlkuksa ds mj ds mn~xkj Hkjs
;qodksa ds mtM+s ;kSou esa Hkj uo thou dk I;kyk
uo;qx dk lans'k lqukrh xka/kh dh p[kkZ'kkyk

****

dkr dkrdj lwr yxk nsa Hkkjr esa vrqfyr <sjh
Lora=krk dk lkt ltk nsa vkSj ctk nsa j.kHksjh
O;olk;ksa ds la?k [kqysa] gks csdkjh dk eqag dkyk
lkE;okn dk 'ka[k ctk;s xka/kh dh p[kkZ'kkyk
'khyth dk ekuuk Fkk fd dfork tu/kehZ gkAs dfork dh D;k rkd+r g]S bl ij 'khyth }kjk lquk;k

,d fnypLi ilz xa gS ftls d-s ih- flga us viuh fdrkc fljts ftuus lius eas m)r` fd;k g%S ^ckna k
eas ,d jk"Vhª ; dfo lEeys u gks jgk Fkk] 'khyth us p[kk'Z kkyk dh dfork,a lquk;h]a ;g lu~ 1940&41
dk le; FkkA xehZ ds fnu FkAs dfo lEeys u ds ckn rhu pkj dfo bDds eas cBS dj] nlw js LFkku ds
fy, tk jgs FkAs dqN jkLrk txa y ls gkds j xqt+jrk Fkk] pkj yqVjs kas us bDdk jkds fy;k vkjS dgk fd
^'khy dkuS gAS * lc ykxs lékVs eas Fks fd D;k gqvkA dfo lEeys u eas 11 #i;s feys gaS os Hkh gkFk
ls x;As 'khyth us vkxs vkdj dgk^µ dfg,A* ^pfy, vkidks jktk us ;kn fd;k gAS * Mkdw ekuflga
dks muds leFkdZ vkjS lg;kxs h jktk ds uke ls iqdkjrs FkAs vk[a kkas ij iVV~ h ck/a kh x;hA ?kus txa y
ls gkrs s gq, ,d LFkku ij x;s tgka dqN >kias fM+;ka cuh Fkh]a pcrw js ij ekuflga cBS s FkAs fcuk
vkiS pkfjdrk ds mUgkusa s {kek ;kpuk dh vkjS dgk fd ejs s dqN ckx+h lkFkh vkidh dfork,a lqu jgs
FkAs eaS Hkh dfork lquuk pkgrk gAaw ejs h et+cjw h vki tkurs gAaS mUgkuas s dfork lquus dk vkxgz fd;kA
'khyth us mUgas [+kcw tedj dfork,a lquk;hAa 'khyth us crk;k fd ekuflga dfork lqudj cgqr
mnkl gks x;s vkjS ckys s & dk'k! Lok/khurk vkna kys u eas eaS Hkh dqN ;kxs nku ns ldrkA eq>s ,d lkS
,d #i;s nds j fonk fd;kA* 'khyth FkkMs +h njs eqLdjk;s vkjS ckys s & ^;g gS dfork dh 'kfDrA* ¼fljts
ftuus lius] i-` 119½ mudh dforkvkas vkjS ukVdkas ds ik=k lnoS t+ehu ls tqM+s gq, gkrs As ykxs kas dh
vke ,oa jkts +ejkZ dh leL;kvkas dks vius y[s ku eas os mBkrs vkjS cgs rj lekt O;oLFkk ds i{k eas vius
rdZ iLz rqr djrAs

'khyth ds dfork lxa gz vxa M+kbZ dk ,d fnypLi fd+Llk gAS vxa M+kbZ iqLrd fdrkc egy]
bykgkckn ls idz kf'kr gks jgh FkhA bl lxa gz dh reke dforkvkas eas lekt }kjk vxa M+kbZ fy, tkus
o Økfa r dh ckr Fkh exj idz k'kd egkns ; ds fnekx+ dh mit nfs [k,] mlus fdrkc ds eq[ki"` B ij
vxa M+kbZ yrs h gqbZ vkjS r dk fp=k cuk fn;kA t+kfgj gS ;g dqN vkjS gh vFkZ O;Dr djus tk jgk FkkA
'khyth us n[s kk rks viuk ekFkk ihV fy;k vkjS fcuk eq[ki"` B cnys fdrkc dks yus s ls lkQ+ bda kj
dj fn;kA

310 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

dfork] xhr] y?kq dfork,]a x+t+y]as nkgs ]s fopkfjdk,]a lo;S ]s ?kuk{kjh lo;S s vkfn :ikas dks bLres ky
djrs gq, 'kkhyth us fgna h dfork dks u dos y le)` fd;k cfYd u;s u;s i;z kxs Hkh fd;As p[kkZ'kkyk]
vxa M+kb]Z mn; iFk] ykok vkjS Qyw ] deoZ kph 'kCn gaS ;]s ,d ix] yky i[a kkas okyh fpfM+;k 'khyth ds
idz kf'kr dfork lxa gz gAaS cgqr lh dfork,]a lkekftd ,oa jktufS rd fVIif.k;ka o y[s k mudh Mk;jh
eas vHkh Hkh idz k'ku dh irz h{kk eas gAaS 'khyth ds vFkZ fi'kkp] pkna ls xkoa rd uked nks dgkuh
lxa gz Hkh idz kf'kr g,A nqHkkXZ ;o'k lkfgR; txr eas ftudh vifs {kr ppkZ ugha gks ik;hA tu lkfgR;
vkjS tu lLa Ñfr dk epa cukus ds lna HkZ eas 'khyth us miek uke dh ,d if=kdk fudkyh ftls fe=kkas
ds vifs {kr lg;kxs u feyus ds dkj.k cna djuk iM+kA 'khyth us ^lkxa ,Ma Mkª ek fMoht+u* dh vkjs
ls jkuh Yk{ehckbZ ij Hkh ukVd fy[kkA

u;s lekt dk liuk dnkfpr n's k dh vkt+knh ds ckn gj fdlh dh vk[a kkas eas iy jgk FkkA ,d
,ls k lekt tgka gj dkbs Z viukiu egllw dj ld]s vius lq[k nq[k lk>k dj lds vkjS fey tqydj
,d ,ls h u;h nqfu;k cuk ld]s tgka bla ku dk 'kk"s k.k u gks vkjS tks viuh egs ur ds cy ij bl
èkjrh dks gjk Hkjk vkjS n's k dks [+k'q kgky cuk ldAs blh u;s lla kj dks vkckn djus dk vkgo~ ku 'khyth
vius xhrkas eas ckj&ckj djrs gAaS fo"ke ls fo"ke ifjfLFkfr;kas eas vkrrkb;k]as 'kk"s kdkas vkjS itaw hifr;kas
ls os lh/ks lh/ks VDdj yus s dh ckr djrs gAaS

ns'k gekjk /kjrh viuh ge /kjrh ds yky]
u;k lalkj clk;saxs] u;k balku cuk;saxsA ¼ ykok vkSj Qwy] i`-69½
'khyth mu ykxs kas eas ls jgs gaS tks viuh ifz rc)rk vkjS drOZ ;fu"Bk ds fy;s viuk loLZ o fuNkoj
dj nus s ds fy;s lnoS r;S kj jgrs FkAs os ,d cgs n loa ns u'khy ,oa Hkkoqd fdLe ds bla ku Fks ftUgas
viuh ikVhZ ij n<` + fo'okl FkkA 'khyth dks eR` ;q ds le; ,d fpra k lrk jgh Fkh vkjS og fpra k Fkh
mudh vidz kf'kr dforkvkas vkjS nlw jh jpukvkas ds idz k'ku dhA 'kk;n os viuh ekrS ds ckn ds gJ

dks n[s k ik jgs FkAs /kkj dkQ+h gS iqLrd ds idz k'ku ds le; euaS s muds Hkrhts Jh v'kkds ds ikl
t;iqj dbZ pDdj dkV]s exj eq>s muls idz kf'kr djkus grs q mudh ,d Hkh ykbu ;k ,d Hkh Q+kVs ks
miyC/k ugha gks ik;kA eaS mudh itaw hoknh vkdk{a kk dks ijw h ugha dj ldrk FkkA cDls eas cna mudh
vidz kf'kr jpuk,a ,oa Mk;fj;ka /kyw vkjS nhed dh HkVas p<+ tk;xas h & viuh jpukRedrk dk ;g
gJ D;k mudks ekyew Fkk\ ,d lp ;g Hkh gS fd mudk fy[kk gqvk lkfgR; vkt Hkh iqLrdky;
dh vyekfj;kas ls fudydj vius eYw ;kda u dh jkg n[s k jgk gAS

gekjs ;gka ykds xhrkas dh ijia jk dkQ+h iqjkuh gAS ykds xhrkas dh O;kidrk vkjS ifz lf) ds pyrs
dbZ ckj y[s kd dk uke ihNs NVw tkrk gAS ^lc BkB iM+k jg tk;xs k tc ykn pyxs k cta kjk*]
^vknehukek* ;k ^gkys h* vkfn xhr tks ijw s ctz {k=s k eas xk;s tkrs gAaS exj cgqr de ykxs tkurs gaS
fd ykds xhr dk ntkZ ik;s ;s xhr uth+j vdcjkcknh ds gAaS 'khyth Hkh mUgha y[s kdkas eas ls ,d jgs
gaS ftudh fy[kh gqbZ ifa Dr;ka mÙkj ,oa fgna h Hkk"kh {k=s k eas ykxs fookg eas vius fue=a k.k i=k ij Niokrs
jgs gAaS

Hkst jgs gSa usg fuea=k.k] fiz;oj rqEgsa cqykus dks A

gs ekul ds jktgal] rqe Hkwy u tkuk vkus dks AA

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 311

cgqr de ykxs tkurs gaS fd ;s ifa Dr;ka 'khyth us 'khryilz kn feJ dh cgu ds fookg ds volj
ij bVkjlh LV's ku ij fy[kh FkhAa 'khryilz kn feJ vyko ds ^'khy fo'k"s kkda * eas Nis vius ,d y[s k
eas bu ifa Dr;kas dks fy[ks tkus dk ,d [+kqyklk djrs gq, dgrs gaS % ß1947 dh vkt+knh ls dqN iow Z
dqN ?kVa kas ds fy, os bVkjlh vk;s FkAs os ml le; cca bZ tk jgs FkAs eaS viuh cgu dh 'kknh dh r;S kjh
eas FkkA euaS s mUgas jkds uk pkgk] fdra q os #ds ughAa mUgkuas s ejs h cgu dh 'kknh dh fue=a k.k if=kdk cuk;h
vkjS mleas tks ifa Dr;ka fy[kh]a mUgas n's kHkj ds ykxs vkt rd fue=a k.k if=kdkvkas eas Niokrs vk jgs gAS
¼vyko] i`-45½

'khyth dk Ikkpa oas n'kd eas cca bZ tkuk gqvkA bIVk ds lkFk dke djus ds njE;ku mudh eqykd+kr
iF` ohjkt dijw ls gqbAZ fQj lkFk feydj dke fd;kA blh nkjS ku fdlku vkjS rhu fnu% rhu ?kj
tlS s cgs rjhu ukVd fy[k]s ftUgas iF` ohjkt dijw us n's kHkj eas [kys kA 26 vDVcw j] 1956 dks fdlku
ukVd dh igyh iLz rqfr iF` oh fFk;Vs j eas gqbAZ bl ukVd ds n's k fon's k eas 700 ls Hkh vf/kd inz 'kuZ
gq,A fdlku ukVd tgka n's k dh vlyh rLohj dks fn[kkrs gq, l?a k"kZ dh e'kky tykus dh ckr djrk
gS ogha rhu fnu% rhu ?kj ukVd eas et+njw equkQ+k[+kkjs Q+DS Vhª ekfydkas ds "kM+;=a kkas dk HkMa kQ+kMs + djrs
gASa bl ukVd dk ,d xhr ^vkneh dk xhr* ¼ n's k gekjk /kjrh viuh-----½ bIVk dk iez q[k xhr cu
x;k FkkA gok dk #[+k] unh vkjS vkneh] fjglyZ ] jk'S kuh ds Qyw o ikLs Vj fpidkvks ukVd muds
e'kgjw ukVdkas eas ls jgs g]aS ftueas egs rud'kk]as et+njw k]as fdlkuk]as nfyrkas vkjS vkjS rkas ds nq[k nnkaZs dh
vfHkO;fDr ds lkFk lkFk l?a k"kZ dk vkgo~ ku gAS

iF` ohjkt dijw ds ;g fo'okl fnykus ij fd os ,d cgs rjhu y[s kd gh ugha vfHkurs k Hkh g]aS
'khyth us ukVdkas eas vfHku; fd;kA 'khyth us tkxf` r] t+yt+yk] vugkus h vkfn fQ+Yekas eas Hkh dke
fd;kA fu%lna gs iF` oh fFk;Vs j ds lkFk mudk lca /a k cgs n ixz k<+ FkkA xhrk ckyh dks vki cgqr ilna
djrs FkAs blh ilz xa dks uferk flga us vius ,d y[s k ^'khy nk dks ;kn djrs gq,* eas fy[kk gS %
^,d fnu vyhx<+ eas 'kke ds le; euaS s muls 'kEeh dijw vkjS xhrkckyh dh 'kknh dk ilz xa NMs + fn;kA
'khyth igys rks 'kjek;]s fQj Vkyus yxAs dkQ+h bljkj djus ij os mu fnukas ds fd+Lls lqukus yxAs
os Mcw x;s mu ;knkas eAas mUgas vkf[+kjh lkla rd ;g x+yrQ+geh cuh jgh gkxs h fd vxj 'kEeh dijw
us [kyuk;d cudj chp eas Hkkta h u ekjh gkrs h rks Loxh;Z xhrk ckyh us 'khy nk ls gh 'kknh dh gkrs hA
mUgkuas s vius rgfs ny ls dHkh 'kEeh dijw dks ekQ+ ugha fd;kA muds bl Hkkys s fo'okl vkjS lius
dks rkMs +us dk lkgl fdlh eas ugha FkkA* ¼/kkj dkQ+h gS] i-` 55½

d+jhc pkj lky igys iF` oh fFk;Vs j] eqacbZ eas iF` ohjkt dijw ij ,d cM+k dk;ØZ e fd;k x;kA
ftleas muds ukVdkas ds cM+s cM+s dV vkmV o ikLs VlZ yxk;s x;s FkAs ;s dV vkmV o ikLs VlZ mu ukVdkas
ds Fks tks iF` ohjkt dijw us n's kHkj eas [kys s FkAs ftu ij ukVd dk uke] y[s kd dk uke o fun'Zs kd
dk uke fy[kk FkkA ,d cM+k dV vkmV iF` oh fFk;Vs j ds eus xVs ij Fkk tks fdlku ukVd dk FkkA
ml ij ls 'khyth dk uke x+k;c FkkA fdlku ukVd eas /khjt dk ik=k cus iF` ohjkt dijw dk Q+kVs ks
Fkk] mudk uke Fkk exj y[s kd unkjnA ;gka ml ?kVuk dh ;kn vkuk LokHkkfod gS tc bykgkckn
eas muls iNw s cx+jS mudk ukVd fdlku [kys k x;k Fkk vkjS dkQ+h e'kDdr ds ckn jk;W YVh dh jkf'k
mu rd igqpa ik;h FkhA

312 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

lkera h ,oa /keHZ kh# eYw ;kas ds f[+kykQ+ 'khyth thoui;raZ vius fopkjkas eas cgs n ifjiDo jgAs os
mEehn djrs Fks fd lekt dk cqf)thoh bu lHkh :<+ ekU;rkvkas ds f[+kykQ+ ,oa /kkfedZ dedZ kMa kas
dk fojk/s k [+kqydj vkjS lkQ+rkjS ij djxs kA ,d ckj dkuiqj eas ,d mRlkgh dfo lquhy okti;s h us
vius cjs kt+xkjh ds nkjS eas irS d` ?kj eas ,d Ldyw [kkys k & Hkkjrh KkuihBA ,d fnu lquhy okti;s h
u]s tks fd 'khyth dk cgs n lEeku djrs Fk]s 'khyth ls vuqjk/s k fd;k fd os muds Ldyw eas lkekU;
Kku o ufS rd f'k{kk nus s dh ft+Eens kjh lHa kkyAas jkts + ,d&nks ?kVa As 'khyth us ;g ft+EEkns kjh lg"kZ dq+cyw
dhA dkbs Z nl ina gz fnu ckn ,d fnu 'khyth lqcg Ldyw [+kqyus ds Bhd le; ij igqap x;As ml
le; lHkh cPPks ,d lkFk [kM+s gkds j ikz FkuZ k xk jgs Fk%s ^og 'kfDr geas nks n;kfuèk]s drOZ ; ekxZ ij
MV tk;Aas * 'khyth us lquk] dqN ugha ckys As muds pgs js ij ruko dh j[s kk,a i<+h tk ldrh FkhAa mUgkuas s
lquhy ckti;s h dks ,d vkjs cqykdj dgk % ;g tks ikz FkuZ k lqcg lqcg gkrs h gS rqEgkjs ;gk]a ;g rks
cPpkas dks b'Z oj&Hkh# cukrh gAS bls cna djk]s ojuk budh ufS rd f'k{kk dk dkbs Z eryc ugha gkxs kA*
'khyth us mUgas jkLrs lq>krs gq, dgk fd ,ls h ikz FkuZ kvkas ds ctk; bd+cky dk ^lkjs tgka ls vPNk*
;k fQj ^d+ne&d+ne c<+k;s tk* ;k fQj ^vkneh dk xhr* vkfn dks xok;k tk ldrk gAS blls cPpkas
ds vna j LoLFk lLa dkj iM+ ldxas As lquhy ckti;s h ds vuqlkj mudk u;k Ldyw Fkk vkjS os cPPkkas ds
vfHkHkkodkas ls ,oa lekt ls VDdj yus s ds eMw eas u Fks vkjS u gh ml lius ds lk>hnkj ftleas 'khyth
us u;k lla kj clkus ds ckn ,d u;s bla ku dks cukus dh ckr dh FkhA

'khyth dh dfork egt+ dfork ugha Fkh] ukVd egt+ ukVd ugha FkAs os vkna kfs yr fopkj Fks tks
lekftd ifjoruZ ,oa Økfa r ds fy, vkx inS k djrs gAaS mUgkusa s vkna kys u dh ,d LoLFk ijia jk dk
fuokgZ u dos y vius 'kCnkas ls fd;k cfYd vius deZ ls Hkh fd;kA y[s ku ds vrfjDr deZ eas Hkh
mudh ifz rc)rk ds reke igyw ut+j vkrs gAaS ^ikyh ls dkuiqj rd tkMs +us okyh lM+d dk l?a k"k*Z
ge lcdks ;kn gkxs kA 1942&43 eas dkuiqj eas et+njw kas dh gM+rky eas mudh iez q[k Hkfw edk Hkyk dkuS
Hkyw ldrk gAS f'koexa y flga lqeu ds 'kCnkas eas dgas rks ^'khy eas ,d vkx Fkh] mudh dfork eas ,d
vkx FkhA de'Z khy dfo Fks oAs muds thou] deZ vkjS O;fDrRo dk eYw ;kda u fdlh dfork ;k fdlh
dh jk; ls lHa ko ughAa '— khy lPPkk tudfo FkkA'— khy viuh txg ij n<` r+ k ls [kMs+ jgAs 'khy dk
iHz kko vNrw k gAS l?a k"k'Z khy 'khy! egku 'khy! vPNk bla ku 'khy!* ¼/kkj dkQ+h g]S i-` 40&41½ ;d+huu
muds gj 'kCn deoZ kph Fk]s tks Fkduk ugha tkurs Fk]s #duk ugha tkurs FkAs jkg ds gkj tkus ds ckotnw
'khy l?a k"kZ iFk ij rjkrs kt+k c<+rs pys tkus dks lnoS rRij jgs vkjS dgrs jgs

Ikj u vc rd Fkdk esjs y{; dk /kzqo /;s; rkjk
jkg gkjh eSa u gkjkA

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u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 313

lvknr glu eaVks

jfodkar

eaVks us jpukRed vfHkO;fDr ds fy, dyk dh dksbZ Hkh fn'kk pquh gks] gaxkek fdlh u
fdlh rjg vo'; gqvkA

cyjkt esujk o 'kjn nÙk
dkbs Z lÙkkou lky igys egt+ c;kyhl dh mez eas rd+lhe&,&fgna vkjS 'kjkcuk's kh ds feys tqys vlj
ls vdkydkydofyr eVa ks vkt lkS dk gkus s ij Hkh mruk gh gjfnyvt+ht+ g]S ftruk gjS rvxa ts +]
mruk gh yqRQ+vna kts + g]S ftruk rhjus heds 'kA 'kk;n vkt Hkh mruk gh ekuh[k+ts +A cfYd ;kas ekyew
gkrs k gS fd oD+r ds lkFk mlds vui<+ vkykps dkas dh rknkn de gkrs h x;h gS vkjS fiNys nk&s rhu
n'kdkas eas eq[+rfyQ+ foèkkvkas eas iljs mlds y?kq&dFkkvksa o cM+s vQ+lkuk]as et+kehu] jfs M;ks ukVdk]as
eta +jukek]as [k+rk]as fQ+Yeh lLa ej.kkas vkjS vuqoknkas ds ckjhd+rjhu ikBkas dk flyflyk Fkeus dh txg t+kjs
idM+us yxk gAS vkjS ikB&iquikBZ dh ;g èkkjk flQ+Z mnZw ;k fgna h eas gh ugh]a cfYd vxa tsz +h eas Hkh
eqlyly cg fudyh gS ftlds crw s nf{k.k ,f'k;k dk ;g vifz re dgkuhdkj vc leLRk nqfu;k
dh ,d uk;kc èkjkgs j cu x;k gAS ;g okftc Hkh gS D;kfas d eVa ks ds vnc o Q+ylQ+s eas if'pe
o iow Z dk vnH~ kqr lxa e gqvkA ekis klk]a p[s +ko o xkds hZ ox+jS g ls mlus vxj uik&rqyk] eq[+rlj
vna kt+&s c;ku lh[kk rks ,f'k;kbZ ekfgjkas ls jl cjlkus okyh nkLrkuxkbs Z dk peRdkj] vkjS r¶+lhykr
dk bt+gkjA viuh 'kyS h eas vkèkqfud gkds j Hkh og lkLa Ñfrd rkjS ij ykds fLFkr vkjS jktuhfrd rkjS
ij ykds kUs eq[k y[s kd Fkk] olS s gh tlS s ykgkjS ] ikfdLrku tkdj Hkh vucVa k cca b;k fgna qLrkuh jgkA
n's kHkfDr] rjD+d+h] vkt+knh] fgna qLRkku&ikfdLrku] Lojkt] uofuek.Z k tlS s ukjkas vkjS rgjhdkas dks mlus
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ppk leS dks mlus ,d lkFk vkM+s gkFkkas fy;kA fopkjèkkjkvkas vkjS vfLerkvkas dh bruh cM+h vkjS
c's kqekj vkfa èk;kas eas mlds vc rd lkcqr fVds jgus dh ;gh otg gS fd d+ye pykrs gq, mldh
vkRek lUu) jgrs gq, Hkh rVLFk jgh] mldh ufS rdrk pkyw ufS rdrk ugha cu ik;h] t+gj&cq>s mlds
vktS +kj c's kd ekjd Fk]s vkjS mlds o.kuZ fugk;r beZ kunkj vkjS ijrnkjA mlls Hkh vge ckr] mlds
pfj=k ik[kMa h vkjS fo"ke lekt ds yfr;k;]s nqjnqjk;s vkjS mBYyw fd;s gq, ykxs g]aS ftUgas vkt gkf'k;s
ds fdjnkj dgk tkrk gAS [k+kl rkjS ij] rd+lhe&,&fgna ds u;s tuoknh ;k lckYW VuZ bfrgkl dk
vkykrjhu gennZ elhgk rks eVa ks gS ghA

eVa ks ls ejs h igyh eqykd+kr ;qokoLFkk dh ngyht+ ij gqb]Z ml dec+[r mez e]sa tc vki fdlh
ekla y vkjS yt+ht+ fdrkc ij vk[a k Qjs us dh tqxr eas gkrs s gAaS gkfs 'k;kj idz k'kdkas dks Hkh gekj&s tlS s
xkz gdkas ds vfLrRo dk bYe jgk gkxs k] ojuk ^eVa ks dh cnuke dgkfu;k*as dk jys os LV's kukas ij feyuk
D;k bruk vklku gkrs k! cgjgky] mudk 'kqfØ;k fd eVa ks ls r*vk#Q+ djok;k] Hkys gh eVa ks us vius
ikfdLRkkuh thou&dky eas gh fgna qLrku eas viuh jpukvkas dh pkjs h dh f'kdk;r ièz kkue=a kh ugs : ls
yxk nh Fkh] tks t+kfgj gS cvs lj jghA vxj vki Hkh ejs h n'kk eas eVa ks ds ikl x;s gkxas s rks 'kk;n lger

314 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

gkxas s fd I;kl rks [k+jS eVa ks txkrk g]S cq>krk ughAa fygkt+k crkjS ikBd eq>s ftLekuh t+:fj;kr ds
fy, lkfgR; dh nhxj rjg dh ^ida i;kfs èk* eas Mcw uk iM+k] ftlls crkjS y[s kd egkohj ilz kn f}ons h
viuh tokuh eas cM+h lQ+kbZ ls cp fudys FkAs yfs du eVa ks dks i<+dj nks [k+kl Q+k;ns t+:j gq,% ,d]
ftla h elk;y ij cqt+qxkuZ k otuZ kRed lLa dkjkas dk tks vijkèkckès kuqek lk;k Fkk] og dV x;k] t+kfgj
gqvk fd ;g fcYdqy ulS £xd pht+ g]S blls dkrs kgh dh dkbs Z Bkls otg ughAa nk]s le> eas vk;k
fd 'kjhj ls eqrkfYyd+ dgkfu;ka flQ+Z 'kjhj dh ugha gkrs h(a os idz kjkra j ls lekt] ifjokj] èke]Z tkfr]
uLy] jk"V]ª L=kh&iq#"k lca èa kk]as vkjS lÙkk vkfn dh dgkfu;ka gkrs h gAaS pkgs og 'kjhj VVs oky ds dqÙks
dk gh D;kas u gk;µs g vglkl rks dbZ lky ckn tkdj gvq k tc foHkktu ds njfe;ku ykxs kas ij
D;k xqt+jh ;g tkuus ds fy, fgna h&mnZw ds ckd+h dgkuhdkjk&as miU;kldkjkas ds lkFk eVa ks dks nqckjk
i<+u&s xquus yxkA 'kqfØ;k ,d ckj fQj minas z ukFk v'd ¼lLa ej.k½] nos nas z bLlj ¼eVa ks dh jktuhfrd
dgkfu;ka½] ujnas z ekgs u ¼dgkfu;k]a lLa ej.kk]as o eqd+íekas dh fdrkc½as o cyjkt eus jk rFkk 'kjn nÙk
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i<+uk rks ckn eas lh[k ik;k] vkjS dqN gn rd eVa ks ls ekgs Ccr ds vlj eas ghA vxa tsz +h eas miyCèk
eVa k&s lkfgR; rc rd eq[+rlj] cqjh rjg vufw nr vkjS ukdkQ+h gh Fkk] cfYd vkt Hkh gAS fQj tc
gekjh nkLs r Q+jhnk egs rk us dkyh 'kyokj cukus dh Bkuh rks eVa ks dk ,d ckj fQj ikjk;.k fd;k
x;k] vkjS lkefw gd dkfs 'k'k ls ml iqjkuh dgkuh eas u;h vFk&Z Nk;k,a gkfly dh x;hAa vktdy tc
Hkh flues k ;k jfs M;ks ij dqN lkps us ;k fy[kus cBS rk g]aw rks cjcl ;kn vk tkrk gS fd tgka eaS cBS k
g]aw ;kuh flfoy ykbUl e]as ogka vkyW bfa M;k jfs M;ks dk n¶+rj gkrs k Fkk] tgka ls ikpa oas n'kd eas eVa ks
vkjS Ñ'.k pna j ds fy[ks ukVd ilz kfjr gkrs s Fk]s os ;gka vklikl jgrs Hkh FkAs vkjS eVa ks us fQ+fYeLrku
ls tMq d+ j flues k ds fy, Hkh [kcw fy[kkvµ Ql+ kls fd mldh fy[kh T;+ knkrj fQY+ eas fQy+ gky xeq 'knq k
g]aS yfs du dVkjh i<+dj ;g vglkl gkrs k gS fd D;k dlk gqvk eta +jukek gAS vkjS flues kbZ lLa ej.kkas
dh fdrkc ehukckt+kj rks eVa ks dh iuS h ut+j vkjS lkQ+xkbs Z ds fy, e'kgjw gS ghA

x+jt+ ;g fd eVa ks us ftl foèkk dks pquk] mleas f'kYi ;k dFkkud ds fygkt+ ls dqN u dqN
u;k tkMs +k] dqN u;s y[s kdh; ifz reku x<+]s u;h t+ehuas rkMs +hAa fdoa nra h gS fd Q+jekb'kh dgkfu;ka rks
og veew u ,d gh cBS d e]as dHkh&dHkkj rks dgok?kj eas ckt+h yxkdj dkQW +h dh pqLdh yrs s gq,] fy[k
ekjrk FkkA ,d t+ekus eas ikih iVs ds fy, yxHkx jkts +kuk fy[krk FkkA eus jk o nÙk ds vuqlkj] fnYyh
eas eVa ks dh fjgkb'k vkjS vkyW bfa M;k jfs M;ks eas eqykft+er rd+jhcu mUuhl eghus dh gAS bl NkVs h
vofèk eas mlus dkbs Z lkS jfs M;ks ukVd o Q+hpj fy[k]s tks ,d fjdkMW Z gkxs kA cd+kyS eVa ks ;s ,ls s ukVd
Fk]s ftUgas i<+dj ykxs kas dks Hkys gh gla h vkrh gk]s mls rks d+rbZ ugha vkrh FkhA bu ifa Dr;kas ds y[s kd
dks cgqr gla h rks ugha vkrh yfs du eqLdqjk;s fcuk Hkh ugha jg ikrkA viuh ckr le>kus ds fy,
^vkvk-s --* Ük[a` kyk ds jfs M;ks ukVd fy;s tk ldrs gAaS vOoy rk]s uke cM+s fnypLi g%aS ^vkvks dgkuh
fy[k*as ] ^vkvks rk'k [kys *as ] ^vkvks pkjs h dj*as ] ^vkvks >Bw ckys *as ] ^vkvks v[k+ckj i<+*as ] ^vkvks cgl dj*as ]
oxj+S g&ox+jS gA bl Ük[a` kyk eas vioknkas dks NkMs + nas rks eyw fdjnkj rhu gh giµaS fr fd'kkjs ] tks fdlh
n¶+rj eas dke djrk g]S mldh iRuh yktora h tks ?kj lHa kkyrh g]S vkjS mudk nkLs r ukjk;.k tks eyw r%
fd'kkjs dk gh nkLs r g]S tks Bdqjlqgkrh rks HkkHkh dh djrk g]S yfs du vfa re fo'y"s k.k eas i{k fd'kkjs
dk gh yrs k gAS nkus kas feydj dHkh&dHkh yktora h dks mYyw cukdj viuk dke fudky yrs s g]aS yfs du

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 315

nhxj ekdS +kas ij ckrphr eas ekfgj yktora h muls ,d&nlw js dk HkkMa k QqM+okdj viuh t+gkur dk ykgs k

euok yrs h gAS
vc ^vkvks jfs M;ks lqu*as dh FkkMs +h rQ+lhy eas tk;]as blfy, fd ;g nkjS fgna qLrku eas jfs M;ks ds

fy, cqfu;kn Mkyus dk nkjS FkkA mu fnukas chchlh ls vk;s yk;uys Q+hYMus dh vxqvkbZ eas firjl

cq[+kkjh vkjS muds NkVs s HkkbZ tqfYQ+dkj cq[+kkjh vkyW bfa M;k jfs M;ks dk lta ky fcNkus eas th&tku ls yxs
gq, FkAs ,d vkjs mnkjoknh Q+hYMus dkfs 'k'k dj jgk Fkk fd jfs M;ks dk bLres ky dkxa lsz h urs k Hkh viuh
turk ls eq[kkeq[ke gkus s eas dj]as nlw jh vkjs xkèa kh o ugs : tlS s urs k vkjS egkdfo fujkyk&tlS s fgna h

dk;dZ rkZ bl ekè;e dks lkekz T;oknh Hkkias ]w blfy, dyda vkjS Nrw dh fu'kkuh ekurs gq, blls ,d
lqjf{kr njw h cuk;s j[kus ds i{k eas FkAs yfs du lkFk gh ilz kj.k dh vra oLZ rq o mldh t+cku dks yds j
jfs M;ks ds vna j vkjS ckgj fgna h o mnZw okykas ds chp ckd+k;nk ,d v[kkM+k [kqyk gqvk FkkA fgna h okys

bls ^chchlh* ;kuh ^cq[kkjh cnz lZ dkjW ikjs 's ku* ds f[+krkc ls uokt+rs ugha Fkdrs Fk]s vkjS jfo'kda j 'kqDy
tlS s urs k bldh t+cku ;kuh fgna qLrkuh dks vinLFk dj 'kq) fgna h dh rktik's kh ds gkeh FkAs bl ilz xa
eas jfs M;ks ds fy, eVa k]s Ñ'.k pna j] bfEr;kt+ vyh rkt tlS s y[s kdkas dk [kcw fy[kuk jfs M;ks ds fy,
fugk;r Q+k;nes na lkfcr gqvkA vius jfs M;k&s ukVdkas e]as vkjS dVkjh&tlS s nlw js ukVdkas eas Hkh] eVa ks
jfs M;ks tlS s vi{s kkÑr u;s ekè;e ds ipz kj&ilz kj eas dk;dZ rkuZ qek eqLrnS h fn[kkrk g]S D;kfas d mlds
fy[ks dbZ viRz ;kf'kr ilz xa kas eas jfs M;ks dh ckr ?kew &fQjdj vk gh tkrh gAS ,d vkjS x+kjS ryc ckr

;g gS fd eVa ks ds jfs M;k&s ukVdkas dh tc+ ku mlds vQl+ kukas ls vygnk] vFkkrZ vkeQg+ e ljy&lgt&lcq kès k
g]S tks fd mlds fQ+Yeh eta +jukekas ds fy, Hkh fcyk 'kd dgh tk ldrh gAS gj ekè;e ds fy, ekdyw
Hkk"kk ds i;z kxs dk uqL[+kk eVa ks us ikjlh ukVdkas ds lqijLVkj y[s kd vkx+k gJ d'ehjh&tlS s vxtz kas dh

felky ls lh[kk gkxs k] ftuds fy, mlds eu eas vxkèk J)k&fefJr&'yk?kk gAS blds vykok] tlS k
fd mlus vkyW bfa M;k jfs M;ks eas viuh ukdS jh dh nj[+okLr dks et+crw h nus s ds mí's ; ls fy[kk Fkk]
mlds ikl jfa M;kas vkjS muds xkz gdk]as HkM+okas vkjS muds rkjS &rjhd+k]as ngs &O;kikj vkjS mlds okrkoj.k

ds ckjs eas ijw k Kku ektS nw FkkA ;kn j[kus dh t:+ jr gvµS kjS bl ckr dh rkbnZ ml le; dk;jZ r
jfs M;kds £e;kas dh dbZ vkRedFkkvkas ls gkrs h gfµS d ml nkjS eas ikjlh ukVd] flues k vkjS jfs M;ks eas dke
djus dks Hkys ?kjkukas ds yM+d&s yM+fd;kas ¼yM+fd;kas ij T+;knk gh l[+rh Fkh½ ds fy, mfpr ugha ekuk

tkrk FkkA rks eVa ks dh ml ^nj[+okLr* dks ,ls s ekgkyS cukus okys nfd+;kulw h lekt ij NkMs +k x;k
O;Xa ;&ck.k Hkh ekuk tk ldrk g]S ftlls igys Q+hYMus vkjS ckn eas cq[+kkjh&cèa kq viu&s vius rjhd+kas
ls t>w rs jgs Fk]s vkjS ftUgas eVa ks dk ;g rq'kZ gkL; lgt Hkk;k gkxs k] rHkh rks mls jfs M;ks dh e'qa khfxjh

feyhA nkos pkgs tks gk]as n[s kus yk;d+ ckr ;g gS fd ^vkvk-s --* Ük[a` kyk fdruh ?kjys w gTµS ;+ knkrj
ckrphr fd'kkjs &yktora h ds ?kj] muds Mkª bxa :e eas gkrs h g]S cM+h vra jxa gkrs h g]S jkts +kuk dh xg` LFkh
ds uuw &rys &ydM+h ds elykas ls nk&s pkj fe;k&a choh ds >xM+k&as mykguk&as I;kj&nqykj&euqgkj ls ycjts +A

,ls k yxrk gS ekuks eVa ks cgql[a ;d eè;oxh;Z fgna w vkcknh dks mlds vius gh ?kj dh rLohj fn[kkdj
mlds eu ls jfs M;ks dh xna yh Nfo feVkdj] mldh txg ,d ekgs d vkjS Lohdk;Z Nfo dh
ikz .k&ifz r"Bk djuk pkgrk gAS yfs du blds fy, og dHkh vius dF; ls le>krS k ugha djrkA mldh

yktora h vkèkqfudk g]S okdp~ krqjh vkjS rd.Z kk eas 'kkgS j ls cjkcjh dh VDdj yus s okyh] vkjS ckt+ nQ+s
chl iM+ tkus okyh] tcfd fd'kkjs ds ikl lpw uk,a vkjS cgkus T+;knk g]aS D;kfas d og ckgj dh nqfu;k

316 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

ls T+;knk okd+fQ+;r j[krk gAS nkus kas dh lxa hrkfHk#fp;kas eas Hkh Q+d+Z lkQ+ gAS choh Fkd&s ekna s ifr ds
?kj vkrs gh jfs M;ks lquus dk iLz rko j[krh gAS v[+rjh ckbZ dh x+t+y lquokuk pkgrh g]S yfs du ifr
ekurk ughAa fQj rku&s mykgus dk flyflyk 'kq: gkrs k g]S tks ijw h rjg ekfS ld+h ds eqgkojs eas gh dlk
gqvk gAS tc jfs M;ks lquus ij lgefr gkrs h gS rks ngs yh lquk tk;s ;k ykgkjS ] bl ij fookn Bu tkrk
gAS fd'kkjs 'kkL=kh; lquuk pkgrk g]S ftl ij yktora h dgrh g%S

^u ckck] eq>esa fgEer ugha gS ,sls Hkkjh&Hkjde xkus lquus dhA rkSck] D;k
gky djrs gSa ;s [k+ka lkgc! ;g Hkyk D;k xkuk gqvk fd lquusokys le>sa fd
dksbZ ?kk;y ne rksM+rk gSA*
fd'kkjs % rqEgsa rks cl lgxy dk xkuk ilan gS---^ckye vk; clks esjs eu esa---* tSls
Mwcus okys ds eqag esa ikuh dHkh vanj tkrk gS] dHkh ckgj vkrk gS--- rkSck!
feV~Vh iyhn dh gS bUgksaus jkx dh---mLrkn gSa] mudks dksbZ iwNrk gh ugha---

rqe [k+keks'k cSBh jgks] eq>s lqu ysus nks] [k+ka lkgc dk xkukA

yfs du >xM+k fucVus ls igys [k+ka lkgc dk xk;u [k+Re gks tkrk g]S vkjS jfs M;ks ij ckt+kj Hkko vkus
yxrk gAS lqbZ gVkdj cca bZ LV's ku yxk;k tkrk g]S ftl ij ejkBh rd+jhj lekIr gks pqdh g]S eVa ks
dk ukVd ^jfs M;k*s py jgk g]S ftleas jfs M;ks dh rduhdh tkudkjh dh vkM+ eas choh dk et+kd mM+k;k
tk jgk gS tks ltx&lqifBr yktora h ds fy, ukd+kfcy&s cnk'Z r gAS og ;g dgrs gq, jfs M;ks cna dj

nrs h g%S
csgwnk] okfg;kr] ukekdwy---dksbZ 'keZ g;k ugha jgh bu ejnqvksa dks---chfo;ksa dks rks cl
f[kykSuk le> fy;k x;k gS---fQ+Yeksa esa muds lkFk et+kd+] ukfoyksa esa cspkfj;ksa ds lkFk
NsM+&NkM+] uT+eksa esa mudh feV~Vh iyhn ---vc ;g jsfM;ks ckd+h jg x;k Fkk] lks bl ij Hkh
mudks cqjk&Hkyk dguk 'kq: dj fn;k---esjs cl esa gks rks ,sls reke enks± dh ,d xnZu
cukdj Qkalh ds Qans esa ns nwaA

¼esujk o nÙk] eaVks% nLrkost+&3½

fd'kkjs dks ukVd eas yqRQ+ vk jgk g]S og vkjS lquuk pkgrk g]S bl ckr ij yktora h x+qLlk gkds j
:B tkrh gAS og eukus ds fy, lqbZ ?kqekrk gS rks d-s lh-Ms dk fQ+Yeh xkuk vkrk g%S ^ckck eu dh
vk[a kas [kkys ---*A fd'kkjs jfs M;ks cna dj nrs k gAS yktora h iis joVs ls jfs M;ks dks rkMs + Mkyus dh èkedh
nrs h gS --- mls ikuh ih&ihdj dkls rh gS fd mlds pyrs ?kj dh 'kkfa r Hkxa gks x;h fd rHkh ukjk;.k
vkdj crkrk gS fd ckgj jfs M;ks dk bLa iDs Vj [kM+k g]S ykbllas dh tkpa djus vk;k gAS Mjh gqbZ yktora h
vius eghus ds [k+pZs dk vkf[k+jh nl #i;k ukjk;.k dks ^?klw nus *s ds fy, ns nrs h gS ¼ftlls nkus kas
nkLs r fQ+Ye n[s kus pys tkrs g½aS ] yfs du ukjk;.k ls ;g dguk ugha Hkyw rh fd bLa iDs Vj dks tkdj dgs
fd v[+rjh ckbZ Q+St+kcknh jfs M;ks ij jkts + xk;k dj!s

yCcys qokc ;g fd yktora h eVa ks dh vkjS r g]S vkjS og fdlh fd'kkjs dh mPp&Hkwz èkklaS eas ugha
vkus okyhA nlw jh [k+kl ckr ;g fd bl ukVd eas eVa ks us jfs M;ks ds ckjs e]as blds eq[+rfyQ+ LV's kukas
ds ckjs e]as ukukfoèk Hkk"kkbZ dk;ØZ ekas ds ckjs e]as dk;ØZ ekas dh vfxez lpw uk nus s okys cqyfs Vu ^bfa M;u
fyLuj* ds ckjs e]as vkjS ykbllas &i.z kkyh ds ckjs eas rekerj t+:jh tkudkfj;ka eqg;S k djk nh g]aS og

Hkh 'kkSgj&choh ds euksjatd >xM+s esa yxk&yisV djA ;d+hu ekfu,] dksbZ vkSj ys[kd ,slh

bf'rgkjckt+h djrk rks ijw k ukVd ljdkjh foKkiu cu dj jg tkrkA

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 317

vkb,] vc eVa ks dh foHkktu&lca èa kh dqNds dgkfu;kas dks fQj i<+Aas tlS k fd euaS s Åij vt+Z fd;k]
eVa ks rd+lhe&,&fgna ls mits gkykr dks c;ku djuos kyk nneZ na vQ+lkukfuxkj gAS xqft+'rk lnh
dh vkf[k+jh ngkbZ eas tc bfrgkl ls ikjia fjd rkjS ij cfg"Ñr ,glklkr ¼vk'kh"k una h½ dh fQj
cgkyh gqb]Z vkjS ^x+Sfj;r dk x|* ¼Kku ikMa ½s ryk'kk tkus yxk rks eVa ks dh dgkfu;kas dks tlS s u;k
thou feykA ^[kkys nk*s tlS s vQ+lkukas dks ;g le>us ds fy, i<+k x;k fd og ,ls k nkjS Fkk tc
tc+ ku ds lkFk tks bla ku dk dnq jrh fj'rk Fkk] ogh njd x;k Fkkoµ h.kk nkl ds vYQk+ t+ e]as ^xxaw kiu
ml nkjS dh eukns 'kk dk [k+kl nLr[k+r gAS * tqYe dh ,ls h vka èkh vk;h Fkh] bla ku }kjk bla ku ij
vR;kpkj dh dgkfu;kas dk ,ls k lyS kc meM+k pyk vkrk Fkk fd eVa ks us Hkh vius t+sgu dh f[kM+fd;ka
cna dj yh FkhAa tc >kda u&s Hkj ds fy, njokt+k [kkys k rks ^fl;kg gkf'k;*s uenw kj gq,] dkys fyckl
eas lH;rk ds vèkkis ru ij Mjkouk vVV~ gkl djrs gq,A ge ;g Hkh tkurs gaS fd ftl nkjS dks
cqf)okfn;kas us nkjS &s ogf'k;kuk vkjS ^ikxyiu* dk i;k;Z eku dj mlls iYyk >kM+ fy;k Fkk] mls eVa ks
us fe'kys Q+dw ks ls cgqr igys Vkcs k Vds flga dh ft+ankfny nkfu'kena h] vkjS ,us ukes US lyMaS eas mldh
^jk"V*ª fojkès kh ft+íh ekrS dk vkbuZ k fn[kk fn;k FkkA

pfaw d eVa ks cfg"Ñr o ifrr txgk]as vkjS fLFkfr;kas dk y[s kd g]S blfy, cca bZ 'kgj dh ,d erw jh
dh nhokjkas ij fy[kh bckjrkas ls tks dgkuh mlus jph] mls n[s kAas vxj vkius eVa ks dk ^nhokjkas ij
fy[kuk* 'kh"kdZ y[s k i<+k g]S rks vki le> ldrs gaS fd loa knèkehZ uLy ds uqekbna s gkus s ds ukrs ykxs
gj nhokj ij dqN&u&dqN fy[krs pyrs g]aS xkz fQ+rh cukrs pyrs g]aS ftldh lqyHk lqfoèkk lkotZ fud
e=w kky; dh nhokj eqg;S k djkrh gAS rks igyh ckj tc gekjk ujS Vs j erw jh eas Q+kfjx+ gkus s grs q nkf[k+y
gqvk rks mls rts + cncw vkjS x+ykt+r ds lkFk&lkFk [kYyh ls fy[kh ;g bckjr feyh% ^eqLyekukas dh
cgu dk ikfdLrku ekjk!* nlw jh ckj tkus ij bl ukjs dk t+cnLZ r jí&s vey feyk% ^fgna qvkas dh eka
dk v[kMa fgna qLrku ekjk!* fQj mldk tkuk dkQ+h oD+Q+s ds ckn gkrs k gAS bl chp egkRek xkèa kh tys
ls NVw tkrs g]aS ftUuk lkgc ita kc eas f'kdLr [kkrs g]aS yfs du dkxa lsz Hkou vkjS ftUuk gkml ij
ik£V;kas dk d+Ct+k cjd+jkj jgrk g]S vkjS erw jh ij cnLrjw cncw dkA yfs du ujS Vs j erw jh ds vius rhljs
pDdj eas ml vlekIr loa kn dh rhljh dM+h n[s krk g%S ^nkus kas dh eka dk fgna qLrku ekjk!* bl ckj]
^tc og vkfgLrk&vkfgLrk ckgj fudyk rks mls ;kas yxk fd cncqvkas ds ml ?kj eas ,d cus ke lh
egd vk;h Fkh] flQ+Z ,d yEgs ds fy,A* fdruh lknk] fdruh NkVs h] fdruh ekjd gS ;g dgkuh]
;g geas crkrh gS fd og dkuS &lh lLa Ñfr Fkh] ftlus ml rjg dh lkefw gd fgla k dks tUe fn;kA
erw jh eas enZ vius liuk]as viuh Qra kfl;kas dks iq#"k o eknk ukekas o dkekxa kas ds mRdh.kuZ ds t+fj;s
fpf=kr o vfHkfyf[kr djrs gAaS ;g liuk nq'eu dh vkjS r ds cykRÑr 'kjhj ls feys ifz r'kkès kkdk{a kh
fot;&lq[k ds ekè;e ls ijw k gkrs s gq, Hkh vra r% ,d dkeW u xkyh dh 'kDy eas >UukVns kj okilh dk
vglkl djkrs gq, ,d nq%LoIu] ;k dg]as og` Ùkj lR; dk vglkl cu tkrk gAS

cVa okjs ds igys ds ,d lkotZ fud 'kkpS ky; dk tk;t+k yus s ds ckn] vkb, n[s k]as cVa okjs ds ckn
,d ijw s 'kgj dk D;k gkrs k gAS ^dy lojs s tks ¼eVa ks dh½ vk[a k [kqyh* rks mlus D;k n[s kk\

ikfdLrku rks igys dk ns[kk&Hkkyk Fkk] ysfdu tcls ft+ankckn gqvk] dy ns[kkA fctyh ds
[kaHks ij ns[kk]
ijukys ij ns[kk] NTts ij ns[kk( tgka u ns[kk] ogka ns[kus dh gljr fy, ?kj ykSVkA

318 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

ikfdLrku ftna+ kckn! ;g ydfM;+ kas dk Vky gµS
ikfdLrku ftna+ kckn! QVkQV egq kftj g;s j dfVxa lyS uw µ
ikfdLrku ftna kckn! ;gka rkys ejEer djok;s tkrs gµaS

ikfdLrku ftna+ kckn! xekxZ eZ pk;iµ kfdLrku ftna+ kckn!
chekj diMk+ as dk gLirkyiµ kfdLrku ftna+ kckn!

¼nsosanz bLlj] eaVks dh jktuhfrd dgkfu;ka ½
erw jh dh gh rjg] ;s Hkh jk"Vª dh bckjras gAaS uolf` tr jk"Vª 'kgj ds gj edku] gj n¶+rj
uqDdM+&pkdS &pkjS kgs ij [kqn dk gLrk{kj dj bfrgkl eas vej gks tkuk pkgrk gAS og mRdfa Br g]S
ÑrK g]S fpfa rr g]S Hkfo";kdqy g]S blhfy, ikfdLrku] ;k d+k;n&s vkt+e] ;k ftUuk lkgc ds ukekas
ls nqdkukas dks iquukfZ er fd;k tk jgk gAS bl jk"Voª knh mRlkgkfrjds ij eVa ks dh gkyr ^n[s k dchjk
jk;s k* okyh gks tkrh gtµS xgas vkjS rf[r+ ;ka rks vkf[kj+ n[s kh&Hkkyh g]aS uke vycÙkk vfHkuovµ kjS
foMca ukfrjds eas ^ikfdLrku ftna kckn*! ^ikfdLRkku ft+na kckn*! dg mBrk gAS

uke egt+ uke ugha gkrs ]s fefYd;r dh lkLa Ñfrd fu'kkfu;ka gkrs s g]aS vkjS u gh ukedj.k] uke
feVkus ;k iquukfZ er djus dh ifz Ø;k bruh eklew gkrs h gAS fdlh pht+ dks uke nus k mldh fu'kkungs h
ls T+;knk ml ij viuk nkok Bkdas us tlS k gAS vxj ,ls k ugha gkrs k rks ,d gh t+cku ds brus uke
ugha gkrs ]s vkjS mu ukekas dks yds j bruk forMa k [kM+k ugha gkrs k] vkjS u gh nks eqYd curs tks t+cku
ds uke ij vkf[+kjh fxurh ij rhu gks tk;Aas uke nus k] fxuuk] dy ds cqèkqvk&exa jok ds xys eas ,d
igpku&i=k yVdk nus k] gj bla ku dks ,d l[a ;k ls iqdkjuk] ;s vkèkqfudrk ds lkoHZ kkeS y{k.k gAaS
;g vkèkqfudrk jk"Voª kn ls lia D` r gkds j vPNh&[k+klh Øjw gks tkrh g]S ftleas HkfDr] fu"Bk] R;kx]
oQ+knkjh] x+íkjh tlS s vYQ+kt+ u;s ekuh xgz .k djds lia Tw ;] vi'z ukfa dr eYw ; cu tkrs gAaS rHkh rks
VsVoky dk og lM+dNki] vkokjk] 'kj.kkFkhZ&Vkbi dqÙkk foHkkftr d'ehj ds nksuksa rjQ+ yxs
fgna qLrkuh&ikfdLRkkuh tokukas ds diaS eas ckjh&ckjh tkdj u;k&u;k uke ikrk gAS ;kas rks nkus kas vkjs ds
Q+ktS h Hkh bla ku gh g]aS lqcg mBdj pk; cukrs g]aS oft'Z k djrs g]aS lhek ij T+;knk gypy ugha g]S
blfy, Åcs jgrs g]aS vkjS fnu rks tlS &s rlS s dV tkrk g]S yfs du jkr dks choh ;k ek'kdw +k dh ;kn
eas rM+irs gq, ^ghj* xkrs gAaS Q+ktS h g]aS blfy, ckfs j;r dk bykt gokbZ Q+k;fjxa eas <<aw +rs gAaS bla ku
gh g]aS blfy, fgna qLrkuh diaS dk cra k flga tc dqÙks dks viuh vkjs vkrs n[s krk g]S vkjS lcdks crkrk
g]S rks dqrgw yo'k lc ds lc mlls [kys us yx tkrs g]aS mls nèw k&fcfLdV f[kykrs gAaS yfs du Q+ktS h
drq gw y ltx drq gw y g]S mldks ,d ukepµ iM>+ uq &>uq fµ n;k tkrk g]S vkjS xys eas r[r+ h Mkydj
teknkj gjuke flga ds e'kfojs ij uhps ;g Hkh fy[k fn;k tkrk g^µS ;g ,d fgna Lq rkuh dÙq kk g*S !
¼,d vkjS toku cvkokt+scqyna lkps rk g%S vc dqÙkkas dks Hkh fgna qLrkuh ;k ikfdLrkuh gkus k iM+xs k!½
cgjgky] dqÙkk rks dqÙkk Bgjk] 'kke dks Vgyrk gqvk lhek ikj djds ikfdLRkkuh f'kfoj eas tk igqpa rk
g]S tgka c'khjh viuh Åc feVkus ds fy, dkbs Z ita kch xhr xkrk gS fd ml dqÙks ds igpkui=k dks
n[s kdj pkdaS mBrk gAS Q+kjS u ^okjW :e ehfVxa * dh tkrh g]S xqjeq[kh eas fy[ks loa kn ij ukd&HkkaS fldkMs +rs
gq, ekFkkiPph dh tkrh gS fd bu fl[kM+kas dks dlS s lcd+ fl[kk;k tk;As urhts eas fgEer [k+ku ds
dgus ij ml dqÙks dh r[+rh cnydj mldk ^u;k* uke xqjeq[kh eas gh fy[k fn;k tkrk g]S rkfd lna 's k
jlhn gkus s eas dkbs Z xy+ rQg+ eh u gk^µs liMl+ uq luq ( ;g ,d ikfdLrkuh dÙq kk gAS * fQj dÙq ks dks

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 319

cgyk&Qqlykdj le>k;k tkrk gS fd mls oQ+knkjh fuHkkuh gkxs h] mlus ued [kk;k g]S vxj x+íkjh

dh rks vta ke cqjk gkxs k] ox+jS g&ox+jS g! eqrebu gkus s ds ckn mls fgna qLrkuh [k+es s dh vkjs tkus dks ifsz jr

fd;k tkrk gAS fgEer [k+ku xk;s k nq'eukas dks yydkjrs gq, ,d gokbZ Q+k;j Hkh djrk gAS gjuke

flga vkokt+ lqudj ckgj fudyrk g]S rks dqÙks ds xys eas dqN yVdk rks n[s krk g]S ij mls nq'eukas

ds [k+es s ls vkrk n[s kdj vkxccyw k gks tkrk g]S vkjS tokch Q+k;j dqÙks dh vkjs djrk gAS flyflyk

py fudyrk g]S vkjS bl d+nj ØklW &Q+k;fjxa eas Qla k gqvk Hk;kØkra dqÙkk ^u ;;kS u rLFkk*S dh n'kk

esa dHkh bèkj tkrk g]S dHkh mèkj] fd gjuke dh ,d xkys h mldk dke reke dj nrs h gAS Vkcs k Vds

flga dh ;kn fnykrs gq,] ,d ckj fQj uk&s eUS l y.S M eAas nkus kas rjQ+uS ds ;q;qRlq tokukas us ;kas efl;Z k

i<+dj mldks J)kta fy nh%
lwcsnkj fgEer [kka us cM+s vQ+lksl ds lkFk dgk% ^pp&pp---'kghn gks x;k cspkjk!*
teknkj gjuke flag us canwd dh xje&xje ukyh vius gkFkksa esa elyh vkSj dgk% ^mlh
ekSr ejk tks dqÙks dh gksrh gS!* ¼eaVks% nLrkost+&2½ ¼bl dgkuh ds foLr`r ikB ds fy, ns[ksa%

jfodkar vkSj r#.k lsUV ¼la-½] ^VªkaLysfVax ikVhZ'ku*] dFkk] 2001½

rY[k+h vkjS rq'kh]Z O;Xa ; vkjS foMca uk eVa ks ds y[s kdh; cDls ds vfuok;Z gfFk;kj FkAs dqÙks ds :idkFkZ

eas 'kj.kkFkhZ dk ;g gJ ;g b'kkjk djrk gS fd vc tc fd jk"Vª dh gnas r; gks x;h g]aS u;k fut+ke

d+k;e gks x;k g]S rks cx+jS igpku&i=k] cx+jS iklikVs Z vkfn ds dke ugha pyus dkA r; djks fdl

vkjs gks rqe] vxj nqfpÙkkiu ds f'kdkj gk]s rks cqjk gkxs kA vc ;g ugha gkxs k fd fgna qLrku eas Hkh jgk]s

ikfdLrku eas Hkh] ;k [kkvks ;gka dk] Hktks ogka dkAs bruk gh ugh]a oQ+knkjh flQ+Z ofn;Z kas ij Vkda us

dh pht+ ugha g]S mldh ?kk"s k.kk vius vki eas t+:jh] ij dkQ+h ugh(a rqEgas viuh n<` + oQ+knkjh dk [kjk

lcrw Hkh i's k djuk gkxs k---ojuk---A

vc bls eVa ks dh njw na 's kh gh dguk pkfg, fd ml t+ekus eas tc jk"VHª kfDr cM+h 'kS Fkh] jk"Voª kn

dk Mda k ct jgk Fkk] tc ykxs x+qykeh ls mcjdj ^ge yk;s gaS rQw +ku ls d'rh fudky d]s bl n's k

dks j[kuk ejs s cPpks lHa kkyd*s xk jgs Fk]s mldh gkgkdkjh rkd+r dk vna kt+k Hkh ykxs kas dks ugha Fkk] rc

mlus bla ku dks rqPN vkjS ukpht+ cukus dh bldh {kerk dk D;k [k+kd+k [khpa k Fkk!

mlh rjg nk&s ,d fugk;r ifjfpr dgkfu;kas ds fuEukfa dr m)j.kkas ls lkQ+ gks tk;xs k fd eVa ks

u flQ+Z rok;Q+kas dks fof'k"V ugha vfirq vke fd+Le dk et+njw ekuus dk d+k;y Fkk ¼ftls vkt dh

nqfu;k ^lDs l odjZ * dgrh g½S ] cfYd ljdkj ;k jt+kdkj ds gkFkkas vius n's k dh vkc: dks vius ;gka

ykVS k ykus ds fy,] vxok efgykvkas dh fjdojh dks rts + djus ds fy, tkudh&gj.k ds tks ilz xa lla n

eas lquk;s tk jgs Fk]s mlds ckjs eas og D;k lkps rk Fkk%
tks bLeras yVq pdq h Fkh]a mudks et+hn yVw &[klkVs ls cpkuk pkgrk Fkkfµ dlfy,\ blfy,
fd mldk nkeu et+hn èkCcksa vkSj nkx+kas ls vkywnk u gks] blfy, fd og tYnh&tYnh viuh
[kwu ls fyFkM+h maxfy;ka pkV ys] blfy, fd og balkfu;r dk lqbZ&èkkxk ysdj bLerksa ds
pkd&nkeu jQ+w dj ndµs Nq le> eas ugha vkrk Fkk] yfs du mu jt+kdkjkas dh tíkts gn fQj
Hkh d+kfcys&d+nz ekywe gksrh FkhA
eSa mu cjken dh gqbZ yM+fd;ksa vkSj vkSjrksa ds eqrkfYyd+ lksprk rks esjs ts+gu esa
flQ+Z Qyw s iVs mHkjrbµs u iVs kas dk D;k gkxs k( bueas tks dNq Hkjk g]S mldk ekfyd dkuS g]S

ikfdLrku ;k fganqLrku\ ¼^[kqnk dh d+le*] nLrkost+&2½

320 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

geus ver` k ihz re ds miU;kl vkjS ml ij mlh uke ls cuh pna iz dz k'k fnoz ns h }kjk funfZs 'kr
fQ+Ye] fita j n[s kh g]S ftleas vxok gkus s ds ckn] cykRÑr gkus s ds ckn Hkh ijw ks dh ft+na xh [k+Re ugha
gks tkrh] cfYd vius d+kfry ds lkFk gh u;s fljs ls 'kq: gkrs h gaS dkQ+h tíkts gn ds ckn] ru vkjS
eu dks cgqr gn rd ekjdj] yfs du 'kq: rks gkrs h g]S vkjS ,d vlkèkkj.k nkLrku cu tkrh g]S ftleas
,d fof{kIr xHkoZ rh efgyk ds lkFk gennhZ dk fj'rk] vkjS viuh HkkHkh dks cpkus ds fy, vius
ifr] jkf'kn dh enn ls vta ke nh x;h cM+h&cM+h cgknqfj;ka 'kqekj gAaS vkf[k+j eas tc mls pquuk gkrs k
gS fd og fdls pquxs h] fgna qLrku dks ;k ikfdLrku eas cl pqdh viuh u;h ft+na xh dk]s rks og ckn
okyk fodYi gh pqurh gAS mo'Z kh cVw kfy;k dh Ñfr;kas eas ,ls h vkjS fdruh dgkfu;ka g]aS tgka L=kh&ngs
dk mYy?a ku ml L=kh dh ft+na xh dk ,ls k dyda ugha cu tkrk ftls oD+r u èkks lds ;k cgs rj
ifjfLFkfr;kas e]as gennZ bla ku ds lkfUuè; e]as ;k [kqn fgEer&gklS yk tqVkdj ftlls mcjk u tk ldAs
tkudh&gj.k dk eq[;èkkjk dk og jkek;.kh :id eVa ks dks Hkh bruk ik[kMa h yxk gks rks dkbs Z vk'p;Z
ugh]a D;kfas d ^[kkys nk*s dks ;kn djas rks ldhuk ds 'kjhj ij vR;kpkj djuos kys ykxs dkbs Z vkjS ugh]a
cfYd [kqn èke&Z èkqjèa kj Lo;la os h jt+kdkj gh gAaS

nqvk dhft, fd eVa ks dh ckras pyrh jg]as de&l&s de rc rd] tc rd ;g ukd+kfcy&s cnk'Z r
nqfu;k lgus ;kXs ; u gks tk;As

eks- 9810934855

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 321

bLer pqx+rkbZ

tqcSj jt+ch

mnwZ ds dFkk lkfgR; esa nkLrku cu tkus okyh bLer pqx+rkbZ dk iwjk uke bLer [k+kue pqx+rkbZ FkkA
og 21 vxLr 1915 dks cnk;aw esa iSnk gqb±A muds [k+kunku dk flyflyk ywVikV djus okys vkSj
ryokj ds cy ij nqfu;k vkSj mldh balkuh vkckfn;ksa ij geyk dj ds mUgsa viuk ekrgr vkSj
X+kqyke cukus okys paxst+ [kka rd igqaprk gSA paxst+ ds nks csVs FksA ,d dk uke pqx+rkbZ [k+ku Fkk vkSj
nwljs dk gykdw [k+kuA pqx+rkbZ [k+ku ywVikV ds ctk; bYe vkSj vnc dk vkf'kd+ FkkA ;g bYe nksLrh
vius Øfed fodkl esa bLer ds nknk fet+kZ djhe csx pqx+rkbZ rd Hkh igqaphA

bLer ds firk fet+kZ d+¸;e csx pqx+rkbZ vaxzst+ gqdwer esa fMIVh dyDVj ds vksgns ij dHkh ;w-
ih- rks dHkh jktLFkku esa jgsA mUgsa vPNh dkjxqt+kjh ds flyflys esa ^[k+ku cgknqj* dk f[k+rkc Hkh fey
pqdk FkkA bl f[k+rkc dks ikus okys vkerkSj ij vaxzst+ ljdkj dks [kq'k djus ds fy, ogh lc dqN
djrs jgrs Fks tks ml oD+r dh gqdwer ds fgr esa gksrk FkkA exj dqN fganqLrkuh ,sls Hkh Fks tks chp
dk jkLrk viukrs gq, vius Q+tZ+ dks vatke ns jgs FksA fet+kZ d+¸;e csx pqx+rkbZ ds fny esa georu
yksxksa dk nnZ FkkA og fganw eqfLye HkkbZpkjk vkSj esy&feyki dks cgky j[kus dh ft+Eesnkjh eglwl
djrs FksA mUgksaus viuh ukSdjh dks [k+rjs esa Mkydj dkuiqj esa eqgjZe ds rkft+;ksa dks fudkys tkus ds
ekSd+s ij vius vPNs bart+ke ls Q+lkn cjik gksus ugha fn;kA og lLisaM dj fn;s x;s] fQj vaxzst+
gkfdeksa us mUgsa cgky Hkh dj fn;kA mudk rcknyk y[kuÅ dj fn;k x;kA bLer ds ikyu&iks"k.k
dk 'kq#vkrh nkSj csgn fnypLi gS] ftls bLer us viuh vkichrh dkx+t+h iSjkgu esa cgqr foLrkj
ls fy[kk gSA bLer rhu cM+h cguksa vkSj ikap Hkkb;ksa ds ckn iSnk gqb±A NBk HkkbZ muds ckn iSnk gqvk
FkkA bLer nl cgu HkkbZ FksA bu HkkbZ cguksa dks eka dk nwèk jkl u vk;kA blfy, nkb;ka mUgsa nwèk
fiyk;k djrhaA bLer dks eka dk ykM+&I;kj u feykA bldh otg c;ku djrs gq, bLer fy[krh
gSa] ^brus lkjs cPps Fks fd gekjh vEek dks gekjh lwjr ls dS+ vkrh FkhA ,d ds ckn ,d ge mudh
dks[k dks jkSanrs dqpyrs pys vk;s FksA myfV;ka vkSj izlo ihM+k lg lg dj og gesa ,d lt+k ls T+;knk
vgfe;r ugha nsrh FkhA*

mudh ijofj'k ds ;gh os dM+os vkSj dlSys 'kq#vkrh cjl Fks ftUgksaus bLer ds gksaBks ij fj'rksa
dk dM+ok dlSyk t+k;d+k NksM+kA cguksa ds eqd+kcys muds jkr fnu Hkkb;ksa ds lkFk [ksyrs dwnrs vkSj
muls yM+kbZ >xM+k djrs vkSj yM+dksa ds [ksy fxYyh MaMk] iraxckt+h] èkekpkSdM+h djrs xqt+jsA cgusa
?kjsyw dkedkt esa fnypLih ysrha ysfdu bLer esgur ls ijgst+ djus okyh yM+dh ds rkSj ij ?kj
okyksa dh MkaV MiV lgrhaA exj ;g lc dqN csvlj gksrkA ft+n vkSj vdM+ bLer dk fet+kt cu
x;s FksA os Hkkb;ksa dks nj[rksa ij p<+rk ns[krha rks [kqn Hkh isM+ksa ij p<+ tkrha] lkbdy pykrha vkSj
ft+n djds ?kksM+s dh lokjh djrhaA bLer viuh 'kq#vkrh ijofj'k ds ckjs esa fy[krh gaS %

322 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

lp iwfN, rks vly eqtfje esjs HkkbZ gh Fks ftudh lksgcr us eq>s mudh gh rjg vkt+knh
ls lkspus ij et+cwj fd;kA og 'keksZ g;k tks vke rkSj ij eè;oxZ dh yM+fd;ksa esa ,d
t+:jh [kwch le>h tkrh gS] iui u ldhA NksVh lh mez ls nksiV~Vk vks<+uk] >qddj lyke
djuk] 'kknh fc;kg ds ft+Ø ij 'kekZus dh vknr Hkkb;ksa us NsM+ NkM+dj iM+us gh u nhA
flok; vt+he HkkbZ os lHkh ?kj esa pkd pkScan FksA iwjk [k+kunku csgn et+kfd;k vkSj ckrwuh
FkkA vkil esa ph[krs fpYykrs ;s&;s tqeys rjk'k dj ,d nwljs ij mNkys tkrsA ,d nwljs
dh èkfTt;ka mM+k;h tkrhaA cPps&cPps dh t+cku ij lku ¼èkkj½ j[kh tkrhA
;g ft+íhiu] ckx+hiu vkSj vfM+;yiu bLer dks vius gh ?kj vkSj ekgkSy ls feyk FkkA bLer esa
viuh jkg esa #dkoV cuus okyh gj pht+ dks Bksdj ekjdj vkxs c<+us dk gkSlyk FkkA mldk eqt+kfgjk
ml oD+r gqvk tc mUgksaus Hkkb;ksa vkSj eka cki dh eq[k+kyQ+r ds ckotwn vyhx<+ tkdj eSfVªd vkSj
vkxs dh rkyhe gkLVy esa jgdj gkfly djus dh ft+n dh vkSj vius bl Q+Slys ij vius okfyn
dks jkt+h gksus ij etcwj dj fn;kA og [kqn vyhx<+ igqpha vkSj ukSoha Dykl esa nf[k+yk ysus ls badkj
dj fn;kA Ldwy okyksa us bl Hkjksls ij mUgsa nloha esa nkf[k+yk ns fn;k fd os esgur djds csgrj
uEcjksa ls dke;kc gksdj fn[kk;saxhA mUgksaus vyhx<+ ls ch-,- chVh fd;k vkSj ft+anxh ds eSnkus&tax
esa viuh dke;kfc;ksa vkSj thr dk ,d yack flyflyk 'kq: djus ds fy, dwn iM+haA mUgksaus nksfLr;ka
Hkh dha vkSj b'd+ Hkh fd;sA viuh lksp vkSj viuh pkgrksa dks Nqikuk bLer dk fet+kt u FkkA os
viuh vknrksa] ckrksa vkSj [+okfg'kksa ds bt+gkj esa ;d+hu j[krh FkhaA mudh gj izfrfØ;k mudh fQ+rjr
ds eqrkfcd+ gksrhA ;gh vlj dqN mudh dgkfu;ksa vkSj ukfoyksa esa Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk gSA ,d ckj
fnYyh esa mudh ,d d+jhch dh enn ls mUgsa vkWy bafM;k jsfM;ksa dh mnwZ lfoZl ds fy, baVjO;w djus
dk ekSd+k feyk] rks eSaus [k+kl pqHkrs gq, lokykr muls iwNsA os fdlh lksp fopkj ds cx+Sj [kqys vkSj
pViVs ygts esa tokc nsrh jgh FkhaA tc mudh vkRedFkk vk;h rks mlesa Hkh ogh csckdiu vkSj
lkfgfR;d fuHkhZdrk vkSj bZekunkjh Fkh ftldk bt+gkj os vius jsfM;ks okys baVjO;w esa dj pqdh FkhaA
mudh [kwfc;ksa] det+ksfj;ksa vkSj lksp esa ,d flyflyk gksrk FkkA vnch vkSj rgt+hch elyksa ij
os fdlh yhikiksrh ;k ykxyisV ds cx+Sj lkQ+ ygts esa viuh ckr dks Li"V dj fn;k djrh FkhaA
t+cku ij vk;h gqbZ fdlh ckr dks fdlh vPNkbZ ;k fdlh ncko esa jksd ysuk mudh rch;r ds
f[k+ykQ+ FkkA
geus tc vnch egfQ+y esa d+ne j[kk rks ml oD+r mnwZ vQ+lkus dh nqfu;k esa Ñ'u panj] jktsanj
flag csnh] lvknr glu eaVks vkSj bLer pqx+rkbZ ds vQ+lkuksa dh cM+h èkwe FkhA 1942 esa bLer dk

vQ+lkuk ^fygkQ+* ykgkSj dh if=kdk vncs yrhQ+ esa izdkf'kr gqvkA ml ij gqdwer dh rjQ+ ls
v'yhyrk dk tks eqd+nek pyk Fkk mldh xwat vHkh vnch gYd+ksa esa lquk;h ns jgh FkhA 1944 esa fQj
,d ckj ;gh vQ+lkuk fnYyh ds lkd+h cqd fMiks us bLer ds vQ+lkuksa ds lkFk 'kkfey djds
izdkf'kr dj fn;k FkkA bLer ds ml oD+r ds bl cnuke vQ+lkus ds lkFk gh lvknr glu eaVks
ds vQ+lkus ^èkqavk* ij Hkh ykgkSj dh mlh vnkyr esa v'yhyrk ds byt+ke esa eqd+nek ntZ FkkA
^fygkQ+* vkSj èkqavk* ds flyflys esa eaVks us cM+k vge jksy vnk fd;k FkkA pqx+rkbZ cgqr gn rd
eaVks ds] ,d nks vQ+lkuksa ij eqdnesckt+h ds rtqcsZ ds ckjs esa tkurh Fkha] blfy, vnkyrh dkjZokbZ

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 323

ds flyflys esa mUgksaus eaVks dh fgnk;rksa dks eku fy;k FkkA bLer vkSj eaVks nksukas vnkyr ls ckbTt+r

cjh gks x;sA bl eqd+nes dk iwjk ys[kk&tks[kk bLer vius d+ye ls fy[k pqdh gaSA
^fygkQ+* L=kh leySafxdrk ij mnwZ dk igyk vQ+lkuk] nwljk vQ+lkuk eqerkt+ 'kSnha us ^vaxM+kbZ*

ds 'kh"kZd ls fy[kk FkkA ^fygkQ+* ij bYt+ke ;g Hkh Fkk fd og dkeqdrk dks ikBd ds Hkhrj HkM+dkrk

gh ugha] mlesa vkSj t+ksj iSnk dj nsrk gSA ^fygkQ+* ij pys eqd+nes ds ckn bLer dh vQ+lkukfuxkjh
dks dkeHkkouk dk leFkZd dgk tkus yxkA ysfdu bLer us vius vQ+lkus ds ikBdksa dks fy[k dj
;g ;d+hu fnyk fn;k Fkk fd mudk fo"k; insZ ds ihNs vkSj nhokjksa ds ihNs clj dh tkus okyh ft+anxh

ds fojksèkksa] fnekx+h my>uksa vkSj nch gqbZ [+okfg'kksa dks iwjk djus dh [k+kfrj e;Llj ekgkSy esa mu jkgrksa
dks ikuk gS ftuls og eg:e jgh gSaA vkSj dkeqdrk ls dgha T+;knk ?kjksa dh pkjnhokjh esa ?kqVh ?kqVh
dke Hkkoukvksa dh dkyh lQ+sn [+okfg'kksa dh fudklh ds fy, csd+jkjh dks jkS'kuh esa ykuk Hkh FkkA

^fygkQ+* vQ+lkus esa 'kkSgj Hkh gS vkSj choh Hkh] ysfdu enZ ckgj enZkus esa de mez yM+dksa ds chp
,s'k djrk gSA og 'kknh djds choh dks ?kj ds LVksj :e esa ,d vkbVe dh lwjr esa j[kdj mlds
bLrseky vkSj ns[kjs[k ds rd+kt+ksa ls csfQ+Ø gks tkrk gSA ?kj esa ukSdjkfu;ka gSa] og csxe tku dh vkokt+

ij dku yxk;s j[krh gSaA ,d ukSdjkuh jCcks tks ns[kus esa dkyh gS exj mldk cnu lqyxrk gqvk
vaxkjk gS] og gj oD+r csxe ds ftLe ds vyx vyx fgLlksa dks nckrh jgrh gSA èkhjs èkhjs csxe
tku vkSj og ,d nwljs dh ftLekuh I;kl ls okfd+Q+ gks tkrh gSaA t+kfgj gS] bl rjg ukSdjkuh jCcks

dks [k+kl fdjnkj vnk djuk iM+rk gSA tkM+s ds ekSle esa csxe jCcks ds lksus ds dejs esa fygkQ+ ds
vanj dh gjdr ,d ukSmez yM+dh dh vka[kksa esa gkFkh dh Nfo cukrh gS] ogh njvly de mez yM+dh
ds t+sgu dks gSjku dj nsrh gSA og ,d jkr fygkQ+ ds vanj gksus okyh gjdr dks dqjsnus ds fy,

Mjrs Mjrs iyax ds nwljh rjQ+ iSj uhps mrkjrh gS vkSj fctyh dk cVu nckrh gS] rHkh mls yxrk
gS] gkFkh us fygkQ+ esa dykckt+h yxk;h gS vkSj tks fygkQ+ dk fQV Hkj mBk gqvk dksuk Fkk] og fipd
x;k gSA

bLer ds T+;knkrj vQ+lkus ijnknkj eqfLye ?kjkuksa dh nsu gSa tks eè;oxZ ds fnu&jkr dh
dgkfu;ka lqukrs gSaA muesa cPps gSa] ukStoku yM+fd;ka] x+jhc ukSdjkfu;ka] vèksM+ foèkok,a] rjksrkt+k
ftLeksa okyh ukSdjkfu;ka] cw<+h ukfu;ka] gj lky cPps iSnk djus okyh eka,a vkSj HkkfHk;ka gSaA os vkSjrsa

gSa tks dHkh glhu vkSj [kwclwjr Fkha vkSj vc xwns fudys Qyksa dh rjg [kqn dks gjk j[kus ds fy,
tru dj jgh gSaA ?kjksa dh vyx vyx dksBfj;ksa esa csdkj fta+nxh thus okyh cM+h&cwf<+;ka gSa] 'kknh ds
[kq'kxokj fj'rksa esa Hkh ukSdjkuh gksus dk ,glkl djus okyh lqgkfxusaA jLeks fjokt] 'kd] cnpyuh]

'keksZ g;k ds eqt+kfgjs] ?kjksa ds dksuksa esa toku ftLeksa esa iM+us okyh flyoVsaA bLer fy[krh gSa] ^esjh
'k#q vkrh dgkfu;ka ?kj dh pkj nhokjkas eas cBS dj fy[kh x;h glµaS Ds l dk fo"k; ?kVq s g,q ekgkyS vkjS
ijns esa jgus okyh chfo;ksa ds fy, cgqr vge gSA os ml ij cgqr ckrphr fd;k djrh gSaA esjh

vQ+lkukfuxkjh ml ?kqVs ekgkSy dk fp=k.k gS QksVksxzkQ+h gSA*
okfjl vYoh ds vuqlkj] ^^njvly bLer vkSj eaVks dk cqfu;knh fdjnkj vkSjr dh dkeqdrk

dks c;ku djus ds ctk; mldks balkuh O;fDrRo iznku djuk gSA bl ed+ln ds fy, t+:jh Fkk fd

enZ ds d+k;e fd;s gq, lekt esa vkSjr ds lacaèk esa enZ ds cuk;s gq, lHkh dkeokluk laca/kh joS;ksa
ij pkjksa rjQ+ ls geyk fd;k tk;sA vkSj gd+hdr Hkh ;gh gS fd tkuojksa dh rjg ck;ykWftdy lrg

324 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

ij Hkh uLy dh c<+krs jh dh [k+kfrj gekjh dkeioz f` Ùk igys ls r; g]S mueas dn+q jrh vkjS inS kb'kh fnyd'kh
de gSA*

yM+fd;ksa dk ,d yacs vjls ij QSyk nhokj ds ihNs dk dqaokjkiu tks dy Hkh lekt vkSj eka
cki ds fy, fQ+Ø dh ckr Fkh] og igys dh rjg vkt Hkh 'kjhQ+ vkSj 'kDy&lwjr dk è;ku nsus okys
?kjkuksa esa fQ+Ø djus dh otg gSA eqfLye ?kjksa esa d+jhch fj'rsnkjksa ds njE;ku 'kknh djus vkSj fj'rs
d+k;e djus dh btkt+r ekStwn gS] exj fdlh vPNs vkSj yk;d+ fj'rs ds feyus ds bart+kj esa yM+fd;ka
vkt Hkh nqYgu dk lq[+kZ tksM+k igudj fdlh dh choh cuus ds bart+kj esa cw<+h gks tkrh gSaA bLer
dk vQ+lkuk] ^pkSFkh dk tksM+k* bl ekST+kw ij fy[kk gqvk csgn vljnkj vQ+lkuk gSA bl vQ+lkus
ds vykok bLer ds uqekbank vQ+lkuksa esa ^nks gkFk*] ^vej csy*] ^xsank*] ^tMsa+*] ^uUgh dh ukuh*] ^?kj
okyh*] ^Hkwy HkqyS;ka* gSa tks dbZ dgkuh laxzgksa esa ckj&ckj txg ikrs jgs gSaA bLer ds vQ+lkuksa esa lcls
cM+h [kwch t+cku gS tks o.kZu dks bl d+nj pednkj cuk nsrh gSa fd ?kVuk vkSj ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds NksVs
ls NksVs n`'; dks Hkh ikBd idM+ ikrk gSA bLer ds vQ+lkuksa esa t+cku u flQZ+ ik=k vkSj mlds pfj=k
dks i<+us okys dh vka[kksa ds lkeus lkdkj dj nsrh gSA og ,slh fQ+t+k Hkh jprh gS fd o.kZu fny
esa ?kj dj tkrk gSA os vYQ+kt+ vkSj tqeyksa dks ,slh [kwclwjrh ls eqgkojksa vkSj :idksa ds t+fj;s ltkus
dh dksf'k'k djrh gSa fd muds vQ+lkus vkSj ukfoyksa ds i`"B ekykeky gks mBrs gSaA mÙkj izns'k vkSj
bnZfxnZ ds nksvkch bykd+ksa ds jgus okys enks± vkSj vkSjrksa dh cksypky vkSj mudh vkilh ckrphr
dh cs'kqekj dSfQ+;rksa] ejgyksa vkSj gkykr esa fdjnkj ftl rjg Hkh vkxs ihNs vkrs gSa] os [+kkls Bksl
ygts esa viuh ckr dks izHkkoh cukrs gq, fn[krs gSaA ;gka ;g nksgjkus dh t+:jr ugha fd t+cku vkSj
fy[kk gqvk y¶+t+ lkfgR; dk ekè;e gSA lkfgR; dh ?kVuk vkSj mldk VsDLV fdruk gh fnypLi
D;ksa u gks] vxj og ikBdksa rd laizsf"kr u gks rks i<+us okys dk è;ku mlls gV Hkh ldrk gSA bLer
dks bldk ,glkl gSA blhfy, os dgkuh dh t+cku ds tknw esa ;d+hu j[krh gaSA muds vQ+lkus vius
fo"k; ls dgha T+;knk t+cku dh rkd+r ds cy ij i<+us okys dks nsj rd vius vlj esa j[krs gaSA
og t+cku vkSj rduhd dks u rks mckÅ gksus nsrh gSa vkSj u gh mls derj gksus nsrh gSaA blesa dksbZ
'kd ugha fd bLer dh t+cku mudh viuh bZtkn dh gqbZ gS ftldk vuqlj.k vkSj vuqdj.k nksuksa
eqf'dy gSaA ;g rduhd ^bZtkns cank* dh rjg bLer dh d+ye dh mit gSA

bLer us ftl csckd vkSj uspqjy <ax ls viuh ¯t+nxh ds la?k"kZ dk viuh vkRedFkk esa ft+Ø
fd;k gS] og [kqn viuh txg fdlh vkRedFkkRed miU;kl ls de ughaA bLer us bl ckr dks
Lohdkj fd;k gS fd pkgs muds vQ+lkus gksa ;k ukosy] os lc ;k rks muds bnZfxnZ dh ?kVukvksa dh
nsu gSa ;k fQj mudh viuh ¯t+nxh dh èkwi Nkao vkSj mlds lnZ vkSj xeZ dh dks[k ls lkaoyh lyksuh
jaxr ysdj iSnk gq, gSaA bLer tSls gh fopkj j[kus okyh vkSjrksa esa deyk nkl gSa ;k fQj ve`rk izhreA
bu nksuksa us viuh fL=k;ksfpr Hkkoukvksa ij fxjs gq, ijns mBkdj viuh lkjh [+okcxkgksa dks vkSj :ekuh
'kf[+l;r dks ns[kus ds d+kfcy cuk;k gSA bu rhuksa esa ,d ,slh fL=k;ksfpr gks'keanh vkSj gqLu gS
ftldks vius ljkiksa dk gqLu cukus ds fy, vkt dh gj yM+dh csd+jkj ut+j vkrh gSA

;g ckr fnypLi gS fd rhu vyx vyx t+ckuksa esa fy[kus okyh vkSjrksa us tc viuh vkRedFkk
fy[kh rks rhuksa us cM+s csckd ygt+s esa og lkjk lp i<+us okyksa ds gokys dj fn;k ftldks fy[kus

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 325

dk gkSlyk vkSj fgEer enZ lkfgR;dkj Hkh u cVksj ik;s FksA deyk lqj¸;k ¼deyk nkl½ dh ekbZ LVksjh
ve`rk izhre dh jlhnh fVdV vkSj bLer pqx+rkbZ dh vkRedFkk dkx+t+h iSjkgu vkneh dk gky c;ku
djus esa pkSadk nsus dh gn rd csckd vkSj cstokc gSaA ve`rk us dykdkj banjthr dks ^bejkst+* uke
nsdj viuh ft+anxh Hkj dk nksLr cuk fn;k FkkA bLer tc b'd+ dh dbZ lhf<+;ka p<+dj vkSj mrj
dj 'kkfgn yrhQ+ ds bt+gkjs&b'd+ ls nks&pkj gqb±] mUgkasus lhèks vankt+ esa 'kkfgn yrhQ+ dks trk fn;k
fd os 'kknh dh fjpqvy esa ;d+hu ugha j[krha] blfy, csgrj ;g gksxk fd ^'kknh* dh b±V rvYyqd+
vkSj nksLrh dh nhokj ds chp esa u yxk;h tk;sA bLer vkf[k+j oD+r rd 'kkfgn yrhQ+ ls dgrh
jgh Fkha fd muls ,d choh ds jLeh fdjnkj vkSj mlds rd+kt+ksa dks iwjk djus dh mEehn u j[kh tk;s
D;ksafd os ij drj dj fdlh ckM+s esa can gksdj xqVjxwa djus dh d+kcfy;r ugha j[krhaA 'kkfgn yrhQ+
ds lkFk bLer us vkf[+kjdkj fuckg nhA os dgkfu;ka vkSj ukosy fy[krh Fkha vkSj 'kkfgn mu ij fQ+Yesa
cukrs FksA ft+íh vkjt+w vkSj cqt+fny us dke;kc gksdj [kwc èku nkSyr cjlk;kA ysfdu ckn dh fQ+Yeksa
us ekdsZV u cuk;hA deyknkl us izkS<+koLFkk esa igqapdj bLyke dqcwy djus dk ,syku djds lcdks
gSjr esa Mky fn;k vkSj ekFks dh fcafn;k jxM+ nh vkSj insZ ds fy, pknj lj is yisV dj deyk lqj¸;k
tykus ds ctk;s nQ+uk;h x;haA mèkj bLer pqx+rkbZ ds viuh nksuksa csfV;ksa dks trk fn;k vkSj olh;r
dj nh fd mUgsa d+cz ds vaèksjs ls csgn Mj yxrk gS] blfy, mUgsa ejus ds ckn tyk fn;k tk;s vkSj
mudh jk[k leqanj esa cgk nh tk;sA bLer us vkf[+kjh lakl yh rks csfV;ksa us Hkh olh;r dks ;kn j[kkA
bLer ij fxurh ds tku fNM+dus okys ml ekSds+ ij ekStwn jgsA exj bLer ds ledkyhu
rjD+d+hilanksa esa ,d Hkh tkuk&igpkuk psgjk bLer ds ml èkekds ls mBus okys 'kksyksa dks ns[kus dh
fgEer u dj ldkA èkk£ed fo'okl t+athj cudj mu lcds ikao dks iRFkj cuk x;kA

bLer us [kwc fy[kk] vQ+lkus] ukosy] vkSj fQ+Yeksa dh dgkfu;ka vkSj fLØIVA eaVks ds lkFk bLer
dh xk<+h Nurh FkhA lkfgfR;d lekt bUgsa ges'kk njokt+s ds ckgj [kM+k j[krkA ysfdu eaVks vkSj bLer
gh ,sls mnwZ dgkuhdkj Fks tks ,d flyflys ds lkFk viuh t+cku mnwZ ls ckgj dh t+ckuksa esa viuh
jpukvksa ds ekè;e ls vkrs tkrs jgs] nkf[+kyk ikrs jgsA ;s nksuksa xS+jmnwZ nqfu;k ds ikBdksa ds ilanhnk
ys[kd cu x;sA

t+qcSj jt+oh
Qksu ua- 011&26983804
vuqokn % eks- t+Q+j bd+cky

eks-% 9868584878

326 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

Ñ'u panj

'kehe Q+St+h

ledkyhu dFkkdkjksa esa Ñ'u panj lcls fof'k"V gSa vkSj mUgsa lcls T+;knk i<+k Hkh x;k gSA flQ+Z
mnwZ eas gh ugha ftlesa mUgksaus ewy :i ls fy[kk gS] cfYd lHkh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa HkhA muds dke
dks lksyg Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa vuwfnr fd;k x;kA mudh lQyrk dk dkj.k gS lgtrkA os vius
ys[ku esa ckSf)drk ds vkxzg vkSj lgtrk dk vPNk feJ.k djrs gSa tks lkèkkj.k yksxksa dh le> esa
vklkuh ls vk tkrk gSA

Ñ'u pna j ,d ifz rc) y[s kd Fkiµs xz fr'khy vkna kys u ds fy, le£Ikr vkjS l?a k"kjZ r ykxs kas ds
i{kèkjA ;gka rd igqapus ds fy, mUgksaus yack jkLrk r; fd;k gSA mudk 'kq#vkrh thou d'ehj esa
xqt+jk] tgka muds firk jkT; ljdkj esa MkWDVj ds :i esa dk;Zjr FksA izÑfr dh lqanjrk dk Ñ'u
panj ij xgjk izHkko iM+k] ftlls mUgksaus Hkk"kk;h lqanjrk xzg.k dhA mudk x| dkO;kRed gSA igys
dgkuh laxzg] rLyhes [+k;ky ls gh mudh ;g dkO;kRed Hkk"kk muds ys[ku dh igpku cu x;h FkhA
;gh muds fy, izÑfr dk migkj FkkA

tc os dkWyst ds Nk=k Fks] rHkh ls mudk >qdko mxzoknh vkanksyu dh rji+$ gks x;k FkkA Hkxr
flag ls dbZ ckj feyus ds ckn mxzoknh xfrfofèk esa mudk fo'okl vkSj lqn`<+ gksrk pyk x;kA bu
ckrksa us mUgsa blds fy, izsfjr fd;k fd os ?kj ls Hkkx dj dksydkrk pys x;s] tgka os dbZ eghus
jgs vkSj mUgksaus mxzoknh xfrfofèk dh Vªsfuax yhA Hkxr flag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dh fxj¶+rkjh ds ckn
Ñ'u panj dks Hkh fxj¶+rkj dj fy;k x;kA d+Snh ds rkSj ij ykgkSj tsy esa ,d eghsus rd jgsA rc
mUgksaus mxzoknh vkanksyu ls vius tqM+ko ij iqu£opkj djuk 'kq: fd;kA tYn gh blls mudk eksgHkax
gks x;kA ijarq jktuhfrd xfrfofèk;ksa esa os lfØ; jgs] [k+kldj Lye ,fj;k esaA mUgksaus lkQ+ lQ+kbZ
djus okyksa dk ,d laxBu cuk;k ftlds os vè;{k cusA fupys rcds+ ds yksxksa ds lkFk muds bl
tqM+ko us mUgsa ,d u;h n`f"V nhA bu la?k"kZ'khy yksxksa ds vHkko vkSj d"V dks Ñ'u panj dh ys[kuh
ds ekè;e ls vfHkO;fDr feyhA ^;jd+ku*] ^vaxwj* vkSj nks ^Q+yk±x yach LkM+d* bUgha fnuksa fy[kh x;haA
ijarq lcls egÙoiw.kZ dgkuh tks rc fy[kh x;h og gS ^dkyw Hkaxh*A ;g ,d O;aX; gS tkfr O;oLFkk
vkSj NqvkNwr ij ftldh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh tk ldrhA

;g cgqr ukT+kqd dgkuh gS ftls iwjh laosnu'khyrk ds lkFk c;ku fd;k x;k gSA vuar d#.kk
vkSj vuar n;uh;rk ls Hkjh gqbZ dkyw Hkaxh dh rLohj ys[kd dh dYiuk esa dqN èkqaèkyh lh fn[kk;h
iM+us yxrh gS] tgka og xank lk >kMw+ fy;s [kM+k gS] ?kqVus [kqys gq, gSa] isV [+kkyh gS] vka[ksa èkalh gqbZ
gSa] xky fipds gq, gSa] psgjk ?k`f.kr] Vkaxsa lw[kh gqbZ vkSj dkys cky #[ks&lw[ksA dHkh dHkkj ,d xk;
;k HkSal dkyw ds flj dks pkVrh gS vkSj og 'kkar gksdj iatkc dh melHkjh nksigjh esa lks tkrk gSA
,d vkneh ftls fdlh ls }s"k ugha] fdlh ls eueqVko ugha] eu esa fdlh ds fy, eSy ugha] fny
esa fdlh ds fy, ukjkt+xh ughaA

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 327

;g Fkk dkyw Hkaxh tks vpkud ,d fnu mlh vLirky esa ej tkrk gS ftls og nks n'kdksa rd lkQ+
djrk jgkA iwjs dykRed lkS"Bo ds lkFk ftlds fy, os tks tkus tkrs gSa] Ñ'u panj dkyw dh e`R;q ds
n`'; dk o.kZu djrs gSa%

og mlh vLirky esa vkSj mlh okMZ esa HkrhZ gksrk gS ftlus mldk cpiu] mldh fd'kksjkoLFkk vkSj
mldh iwjh tokuh Nhu yhA vLirky dk dEikmaMj mls nok nsrs oD+r ftruh nwjh cuk;s j[k ldrk
Fkk] j[krk FkkA vnZyh mlds [kkus vanj djds tSls rSls j[kdj fHkufHkukrk gqvk pyk vkrkA dkyw
Hkaxh vius [kkus ds lkeku dks Lo;a èkksrk] pkjikbZ ds uhps dh lQ+kbZ Lo;a djrkA fcLrj vkSj
'kkSpky; dh lQ+kbZ Hkh Lo;a djrkA pwafd mldk dksbZ okfjl ugha Fkk blhfy, iqfyl mldh yk'k dks
vKkr vkSj ykokfjl ekudj mldk vafre laLdkj dj nsrh gSA og gekjs lkFk chl lky rd jgk]
ij og gekjk lacaèkh ugha FkkA ftl fnu og ejk] ml fnu dqN ugha cnykA gj pht+ igys tSlh FkhA
gj dksbZ viuk viuk dke dj jgk FkkA vLirky ges'kk dh rjg vius le; ij [kqyk vkSj can
gqvkA esfMdy vkQ+hlj us ges'kk dh rjg uqL[+kk fy[kk vkSj gj fnu dh rjg geus jsfM;ks ij xkuk
lquk vkSj lks x;sA ijarq MkDVj dh xk; vkSj dEikmaMj dh cdjh us nks fnuksa rd dqN ugha [kk;kA

nksuksa vLirky okMZ ds ckgj vkleku dh rjQ+ eqag mBkdj fefe;krs jgsA

fupys rCkds+ ds yksxksa ds lkFk dke djus ds ckn Ñ'u panj us dsoy muds vHkkoksa ds ckjs esa ugha
tkuk ftlls os ihfM+r Fks] cfYd mUgksaus mu dkj.kksa dks le>us dh Hkh dksf'k'k dh ftlls mldk oxZ
ihfM+r FkkA blls mudk ekDlZokn dh vksj >qdko gks x;kA Ñ'u panj us Lo;a ekuk gS% ^rhljk vkSj
lcls egÙoiw.kZ eksM+ esjh ft+nxh esa rc vk;k tc eSaus ekDlZokn dks tkukA :l dh Økafr ds ckn
tks fopkj nqfu;k Hkj esa QSyk] mlls esjk efLr"d Hkh izHkkfor gqvkA dkyst ds igys lky esa gh eSaus
ekDlZ vkSj ysfuu dks i<+uk 'kq: dj fn;k FkkA dqN fopkj gekjs fl)kar dk ,d lw=k curs gSa] ij
ekDlZokn us eq>s bl gn rd izHkkfor fd;k fd og esjs iwjs fo'okl dk dsanz fcanq cu x;kA*

blus Ñ'u panj ds fy, u;s }kj [kksy fn;sA os lektokn] yksdra=k] lkekftd U;k; ds fy,
tula?k"kZ ds izcy leFkZd cu x;sA os izxfr'khy ys[kd vkanksyu ds ,d cM+s usrk ds :i esa mHkjsA
vkt+knh ds ckn tc lTTkkn t+ghj ikfdLrku pys x;s rc Ñ'u panj us izxfr'khy ys[kd la?k ds
egk&lfpo dk inHkkj laHkkykA Ñ'u panj us ckj ckj t+ksj fn;k%

tc rd ykHk dk fu;e gS] mRiknu ds lkèku futh gkFkksa esa gSa] lkfgR; iwathokn dk leFkZd gS] izsl
iSls okyksa ds gkFkksa esa gS vkSj e'khu rFkk Je ds mRiknksa dk caVokjk tc rd yksdrkaf=kd <ax ls u gks]
rc rd bl nqfu;k esa 'kkafr ugha gks ldrh gSA rc rd lPph vkt+knh ugha fey ldrhA Lora=k vkSj
LFkk;h jpuk fu£er ugha dh tk ldrhA blfy, ;q) ls fouk'k vkSj ijek.kq ÅtkZ ds foèoal ls cpus
dk flQ+Z ,d gh rjhd+k glµS kE;okn dks vkxs c<+kuk] mldks QyS kukA blds fcuk ekuork dk

Hkfo"; [k+rjs esa gSA

LokHkkfod :i ls os Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ls lgkuqHkwfr j[krs FksA Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds ipkl

lky iwjs gksus ij mUgksaus vius lans'k esa fy[kk%

Hkkjrh; dE;qfuLV ikVhZ iwjh ekuork dh izxfr'khy rkd+rksa ds fy, izsj.kk dk òksr jgh gSA bldk
izHkko iwjs Hkkjr esa vkSj lkekftd] jktuhfrd] lkaLÑfrd] vk£Fkd vkSj ,sfrgkfld lHkh {ks=kksa esa
eglwl fd;k x;kA ikVhZ ges'kk x+jhch ds [+kkRes vkSj Hkkjr esa lkaLÑfrd le`f) ds i{k esa jgh gSA
geesa ls tks yksx fy[k jgs gSa vkSj tuer dh vfHk#fp ij vkèkkfjr lektokn] èkeZfujis{krk vkSj
yksdra=k tSls izxfr'khy fopkj j[krs gSa] ikVhZ mudk Hkh leFkZu djrh jgh gSA geus viuh ekDlZoknh

328 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

i`"BHkwfe ds cgqjaxh lkfgR; ds fo'ys"k.k dh izfØ;k ds Øe esa ik;k gS vkSj ge cgqr gn rd
loZgkjk vkanksyu ls izHkkfor vkSj izsfjr jgs gSa vkSj ml ;qx cksèk ds lkFk gh lkFk mldh ifjiDork

vkSj foosd ls HkhA

Ñ'u panj vafre le; rd vke tu ds la?k"kZ ds izfr le£ir jgsA la?k"kZjr yksxksa ds izfr muds
leiZ.k dks mudh jpukvksa ds ekè;e ls Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gSA os flQ+Z muds lkFk lgkuqHkwfr gh

ugha j[krs cfYd muds fy, yM+uk Hkh pkgrs FksA ^dgkuh dh dgkuh* esa os fy[krs gSa%
vc eSa yM+uk pkgrk gwaA eSa eqLdku ds fy, yM+uk pkgrk gwaA eSaus lquk gS fd phu esa ,d fdlku gS]
mldk uke yh gSA og mlh eqLdku ds fy, yM+ jgk gS vkSj eSaus lquk gS baMksusf'k;k esa ,d uw#íhu
gS tks [+kku esa dke djrk gS] og Hkh blh ds fy, yM+ jgk gSA vkSj eSaus lquk gS xzhl esa ,d yksgkj
gS] ekdksZl] og Hkh blh ds fy, yM+ jgk gSA vkSj eSaus lquk gS fd cekZ eyk;k vkSj baMksusf'k;k ds ?kus
taxyksa esa jgus okys cPps Hkh blh ds fy, yM+ jgs gSaA eSa Hkh blh eqLdku ds fy, yMwaxkA eSa ,d vPNk
Mkalj ugha cuuk pkgrkA eSa flQ+Z ,d tksdj Hkh ugha cuuk pkgrkA eSa ,d DydZ Hkh ugha cuuk
pkgrk tks gYdk lk fojksèk ntZ djkrk gSA eSa pkgrk gwa fd eSa ,d NksVh lh xksyh cu tkÅa vkSj eq>s

ogka Hkst nks tgka vkneh vkneh }kjk fd;s tk jgs vR;kpkj ds f[k+ykQ+ yM+ jgk gSA

Ñ'u panj la?k"kZjr yksxksa ds fy, d+ye ds t+fj;s yM+rs gSaA ,axsYl dk dguk gS fd fdlh nh x;h
ifjfLFkfr esa izfrfufèk pfj=k dks izLrqr djuk ;FkkFkZokn dk vkèkkj gSA ge bl lektoknh ;FkkFkZokn
dks Ñ'u panj ds ys[ku esa ikrs gSaA tc [ksr tkx mBs bldk thrk tkxrk mnkgj.k gSA ;g 1952
esa izdkf'kr gqvk] ;g miU;kl rsyaxkuk l'kL=k fonzksg dh i`"BHkwfe esa fy[kk x;k gSA

;g caèkqvk et+nwj j?kw dh lkèkkj.k lh dgkuh gSA rsyaxkuk l'kL=k fonzksg esa mldh dfFkr Hkwfedk
ds fy, iqfyl mls idM+ ysrh gS vkSj u;h ljdkj mlds fy, Qkalh dh lt+k lqukrh gSA vxyh lqcg
mls Qkalh ns nh tkrh gSA Qkalh ds r[+rs ij p<+us ls igys og vius chrs gq, fnuksa dks ;kn djrk
gSA og ;g le>us dh dksf'k'k djrk gS fd D;k og lgh eas d+kfry gSA

,d caèkqvk et+nwj ds ;gka tUe ysus ds ckn og Hkh ,d caèkqvk et+nwj cu tkrk gSA ijarq og
cpiu ls gh vius vklikl dh pht+ksa dks ysdj dkQ+h mRlqd jgkA tc og dqyhu t+ehankjksa ds cPpksa
dks vPNs diM+s igus gq, ns[krk rks og vius firk ls iwNrk fd mlds ikl ;s lc D;ksa ugha gSaA tc
og t+ehnkj ds fy, dke djus yxk rc Hkh og mu dkj.kksa dh ryk'k esa jgrk fd vkf[+kj D;ksa mldh
vkSj mlds lkfFk;ksa dh ,slh gkyr gSA og gj fdlh ls iwNrkN djrk ij mls larks"ktud mÙkj ugha
feyrkA gj dksbZ mls bZ'ojh; Q+Slys ds :i esa ns[krkA rc og ogka ls Hkkx x;kA igys ft+yk
eq[;ky; esa ?kjsyw ukSdj ds rkSj ij dke fd;kA ogka mls ,d u;h rjg dk 'kks"k.k fn[kk;h iM+kA
u;k caèkqvk et+nwj! og gSnjkckn x;kA mlus fjD'kk pykuk 'kq: fd;kA bl chp og ed+cwy ls feyk
tks dE;qfuLV Fkk] mlus mls le>k;k fd yksxksa ds bl vHkko vkSj la?k"kZ dh otg D;k gSA

ed+cwy fey et+nwj cuus esa j?kw dh enn djrk gSA iwathoknh 'kks"k.k dk lkeuk djus ds ckn
mls ,d u;h fd+Le ds vR;kpkj dk irk pyrk gSaA tc et+nwj&gM+rky djrs gSa rks og mudk lkFk
nsrk gS] ftldh otg ls og fxj¶+rkj Hkh gksrk gSA tsy esa og ukxs'oj ls feyrk gS] tks mlh ds xkao
dk ,d Hkwfeghu gSA ukxs'oj dks xzkeh.k x+jhcksa dks t+ehankj ds f[kykQ+ mdlkus ds vkjksi esa fxj¶+rkj
fd;k x;k FkkA ;g [+kcj lqudj j?kw dks [kq'kh gqbZA varr% mlds nksLrksa us vR;kpkj ds f[+kykQ+ vkokt+

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 329

mBk;hA
tsy ls NwVus ij ed+cwy ds lq>ko ij og vius xkao tkdj t+ehu ds fy, la?k"kZ esa 'kkfey gks

tkrk gSA okil vkus ij cgqr ls lkglh dE;qfuLVksa ls feyrk gS tks l'kL=k fonzksg dk usr`Ro dj
jgs FksA

tc og vius xkao igaqprk gS rks yksxksa dks la?k"kZ djus ds fy, ,dtqV djrk gS vkSj varr% Hkwfe
ij xzkeh.kksa dk vfèkdkj gks tkrk gSA t+ehankj xkao NksM+dj Hkkx tkrk gSA mlds caxys ij turk d+Ct+k
dj ysrh gSA ogka ,d Ldwy [kksyk tkrk gSA j?kw cPPkksa dks i<+kuk 'kq: djrk gSA

blh chp iqfyl dkjZokbZ dh [k+cj feyrh gSA turk bldk Lokxr djrh gSA vc vius yksx
ge ij 'kklu djsaxsA vc t+ehu mldh gksxh tks mls tksrsxkA ij mudh mEehnksa ij ikuh fQj tkrk
gSA u;h ljdkj caèkqvk et+nwjksa dks vkns'k nsrh gS fd t+ehnkjksa dks mudh t+ehu ykSVk nh tk;s ftlls
yksxksa dks dkQ+h fujk'kk gqbZA mUgksaus izfrjksèk djus dk Q+Slyk fd;kA ysfdu t+ehankj iqfyl dks lkFk
ysdj vk;kA cgqr ls yksx ekjs x;s] cgqr ls fxj¶+rkj fd;s x;s ftuesa j?kw Hkh 'kkfey FkkA

;gka Ñ'u panj viuh ckr dgrs gSa tc j?kw lksprk gS%
j?kw vius fny dks VVksyrk gSA D;k og lpeqp ,d gR;kjk gS\ gR;k dh fLFkfr] izk;% ,d ;k nks ;k
dbZ psgjs gksrs gSa ftudks gR;kjk ;kn j[krk gSA og muls uQ+jr djrk gSA og cnyk ysuk pkgrk gS
;k mUgsa ekj Mkyuk pkgrk gS] tc og iwjh rjg ls uQ+jr ;k I;kj ds vkos'k esa gksrk gSA ij ;gka dksbZ
psgjk ugha FkkA dksbZ vkos'k Hkh ugha--- vxj vR;kpkj dk izfrjksèk djuk fgalk gS] vxj viuh tku
cpkuk fgalk gS] vxj ekavksa dh bT+t+r dks cpkuk] eDds dh lqugjs ckyksa dks cpkuk fgalk gS] tc

thou vius vki esa fgalk gS] lkal ysuk fgalk gS] fnyksa dks èkM+dkuk Hkh fgalk gSA

blfy, j?kw vius dks vijkèkh ugha ekurkA og [+kq'kh&[+kq'kh Qkalh ds r[+rs ij p<+us dks rS;kj gks tkrk
gSA og gR;kjk ugha gSA yksxksa ds fgrksa ds fy, yM+us okyk ;ks)k gSA

ysfdu Ñ'u panj ;gha ugha #drsA os yksxksa dh Hkkoukvksa dk o.kZu djrs gSaA j?kw ds fy, flYd
dh yky 'kVZ cukus dk iz;kl mudh ,drk dk izrhd cu tkrk gSA j?kw dh rjg Ñ'u panj dks ;g
fo'okl gS fd ,d fnu turk ,dtqV gksxh vkSj lkearokn ds tq, dks mrkj QsadsxhA balku ds }kjk
balkuksa ds m$ij fd;s x;s lHkh izdkj ds 'kks"k.k Hkh [+kRe gksus gSaA

Ñ'u panj dh ipkl ls vfèkd jpuk,a izdkf'kr gqb±A dgkuh fy[kus ds lkFk&lkFk O;aX; fy[kus
esa Hkh mUgsa egkjr gkfly gSA tks Hkh dgkuh mUgksaus fy[kh mlesa lkekftd ljksdkj fn[kk;h iM+rk gSA
^vUunkrk* bldk ,d mnkg.k gSA caxky ds vdky ij blls T+;knk xgjkbZ ls eglwl fd;k x;k
vkSj izekf.kdrk ds lkFk vfHkO;Dr fd;k x;k vk[;ku dksbZ nwljk ugha gSA ;g ekuo ds fo}s"k ds

cjDl foosd ds fy, vihy gSA foÑr ;FkkFkZ dks Hkh dykRed :i ls lkekftd cuk;k x;k gS%

bu yk'kksa ls xqt+jrs gq, tc vkn'kZ lekt dh ryk'k dj jgk Fkk] gkFkksa ls jsr fQly jgh Fkh] lw[ks
iÙks pkjksa rjQ+ fc[kjs iM+s Fks] yk'kksa ds chp [kM+s vdsys eqfLye yM+ds dks xys yxkdj vrhr ds iqjkus
lMs+ gq, lalkj dks tyk fn;kA eSa pyrk x;k] pyrk x;k tc rd lc dqN ihNs ugha NwV x;kA vc
dksbZ eq>s uqd+lku ugha igqapk ldrkA vc eSa bl ccZjrk ls pkSdwaxk ughaA vc eSa fdlh iki esa

Hkkxhnkj ugha cuwaxkA vc ls eSa lj dVk gqvk ,d vkneh gwa tks gjs vkSj cM+s iÙks dh ryk'k esa gSA

Ñ'u panj dks ;g fo'okl gS fd euq"; dks flQ+Z thfor ugha jguk] mls lQyrk ls thuk gSA

330 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

blfy,] O;aX; muds gkFk esa lkekftd] vk£Fkd vkSj jktuhfr cnyko ds fy, ,d gfFk;kj gSA dkyw
Hkaxh ftls igys m)`r fd;k x;k gS] bldk ,d thoar mnkgj.k gSA ,d xèks dh ljxqft+'r dk muds
ys[ku esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ LFkku gSA blds ekè;e ls oxhZ; lekt esa QSyh gqbZ cqjkbZ ij geyk fd;k
x;k gS] tks varr% iwjh 'kklu O;oLFkk dh dBksj vkykspuk gSA mudk xèkk vkneh dh Hkhrj dh vPNkbZ
dk irz hd gS tks cjq kbZ dk lkEkuk dj jgk glµS kekftd] lkLa Ñfrd] vk£Fkd vkjS jktuhfrdvµ kRelEeku
dh Hkkouk ds lkFkA Ñ'u panj bl O;aX; dks fy[krs le; oxhZ; psruk ls laiUu ys[kd fn[kk;h
iM+rs gSaA muds xèks dk pfj=k 'kks"kd lekt ds lkeus Li"V gks tkrk gS] ij og ,d ^yksdra=koknh*
dh rjg dke dj jgk gSA xèkk lhjht+ dh nks dgkfu;ka blh Øe esa vkrh gSa% ^,d xèks dh okilh*
^vkSj ,d xèkk usQ+k esa*A

vke la?k"kZjr yksxksa ds izfr leiZ.k dbZ pht+ksa ls T+;knk egÙoiw.kZ gSA ^fQ+D'ku* ds fy, mUgksaus
O;fDrijdrk dHkh ugha NksM+hA ^nknj ds iqy ds cPps*] ^lM+d okil tkrh gS* nksuksa dgkfu;ka mldh
felky gSA ;gka dksbZ ikjaifjd ghjks ugha gS] ijarq ;s dgkfu;ka ikBdksa ds fnyksa dh Nwrh gSaA iqy vkSj
jksM thrs tkxrs pfj=k cu tkrs gSa vkSj Ñ'u panj ftl lkekftd rF; dks izLrqr djuk pkgrs gSa]
og Li"V :i ls mHkjdj lkeus vkrk gSA

vius iwjs ys[ku esa Ñ'u panj flQ+Z oxZ vkèkkfjr lekt dh cqjkb;ksa dks fn[kkrs gSa ftlls yk[kksa
djksM+ksa yksx x+jhch vkSj vHkko dk thou thus dks etcwj gaSA lkFk gh lkFk os yksxksa dks muds vHkko
vkSj 'kks"k.k ds dkj.kksa dks le>kus dk Hkh iz;kl djrs gSaA os iwathoknh O;oLFkk ds 'kks"k.k dks mlds
uaxs :i esa fn[kykrs gSaA bl ckr ij os dHkh le>kSrk ugha djrsA os ,sls ys[kd ugha fd tks vius
ys[ku dks ikjaifjd Q+keZ esa fQ+V djuk pkgrs gksaA dbZ nwljs cM+s ys[kdksa dh rjg Ñ'u panj ds fy,
Hkh varoZLrq vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ gS] mlds ckn Q+keZA ;gka rd fd Ñ'u panj u;s&u;s fo"k;ksa ls Vdjkrs
gq, ;s Q+keZ bZtkn djrs gSaA ;g [kklrkSj ls NksVh dgkfu;ksa ij ykxw gksrk gSA

Ñ'u panj ds lkfgfR;d thou ds lkFk&lkFk Hkkjr esa dgkfu;ksa dk vkVZ&Q+keZ ds :i esa fodkl
gksrk gSA ;gka rd fd vkt dgkuh dbZ dyk :iksa esa tks viuk egÙoiw.kZ LFkku cuk ik;h gS] mlesa
Ñ'u panj dh ,d dgkuhdkj ds :i esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk jgh gSA vxj vkSj Li"V :i ls dgsa rks
dg ldrs gSa fd dgkuh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa] [k+kl rkSj ij mnwZ esa] mudh ckyl[kk jgh gSA ;g muds
lkFk tUeh] lkFk cM+h gqbZ] toku gqbZ vkSj lkfgfR;d vfHkO;fDr ds l'kDr ekè;e ds :i esa mlus
Lo;a dks LFkkfir fd;kA

Ñ'u panj dh dgkfu;ka vius :ifoèkku ;k Q+keZ dh otg ls vkxkeh ih<+h ds fy, ft+ank ugha
jgsaxhA ;g mudh fo"k;oLrq gS ftldh otg ls mUgsa ges'kk ;kn fd;k tk;sxkA mUgksaus la?k"kZjr yksxksa
ds fy, fy[kkA mUgksaus yksxksa dks ,dtqV djus ds fy, dgkfu;ka fy[khaA

ysfuu us dgk Fkk gj egku dykdkj Økafr ds ,d ;k nwljs igyw dk izoDrk gksrk gSA Ñ'u
panj blh rjg ls la?k"kZjr yksxkas ds yksdrkaf=kd vfèkdkj ds izoDrk FksA os egku dykdkj FksA

'kehe QS+t+h

eksa- 9868737986

vuqokn % eks- t+Q+j bd+cky

eks 9868584878
u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 331

jktsanj flag csnh

dsoy xksLokeh

jktsanj flag csnh us lkfgR; vkSj flusek ds {ks=k esa vHkwriwoZ lQyrk izkIr dh gSA buke&bdjke
fdlh Hkh dykdkj dh xq.koÙkk dk izek.k ugha gksrs fQj Hkh mUgsa vius y?kq miU;kl] ,d pknj eSyh
lh ds fy, 1965 esa lkfgR; vdkneh vkSj mnwZ ukVd ds fy, 1978 esa x+kfyc iqjLdkj ls uokt+k
x;kA 1959 esa fcey jk; dh fQ+Ye] eèkqerh ds loZJs"B laoknksa ds fy, vkSj 1971 esa lR;dke
ds loZJs"B laoknksa ds fy, mUgsa fQ+YeQ+s;j iqjLdkj izkIr gq,A csnh us yxHkx 35 fQ+Yeksa ds fy,
laokn iVdFkk,a fy[kha] ftUgsa n'kZdksa us u dsoy ljkgk vfirq mUgsa izflf) ds vkdk'k ij ,d pedrk
flrkjk cuk fn;kA muds }kjk funsZf'kr fQ+Yeksa vka[ku ns[kh ¼1978½] uokc lkgc ¼1978½ Qkxqu
¼1973½ vkSj nLrd ¼1970½ dks Hkh vikj lQyrk feyhA os ,d ek=k ys[kd gSa ftuds ,d ek=k
miU;kl ,d pknj eSyh lh ij ljgn ds nksuksa vksj egÙoiw.kZ fQ+Yesa cuhaA ipkl o"kZ ds lkfgfR;d
thou esa mUgksaus mnwZ dFkk&lkfgR; dks viuh cgqeq[kh dyk ls vksrizksr 72 vn~Hkqr vkSj ;knxkj
dgkfu;ka nha] ,d vfoLej.kh; ,oa Dykfldh ntsZ dk y?kq miU;kl ,d pknj eSyh lh vkSj lkr [kys
'kh"kZd ls mnwZ ukVdksa dk vn~Hkqr laxzg Hkh fn;kA

,d fucaèk esa vius tUe dh ppkZ mUgksaus cM+s euksjatd <ax ls dh gS% ^ johanzukFk dgrs gSa fd
lalkj esa izfrfnu tks brus euq"; iSnk gks tkrs gSa bl ckr dk izek.k gS fd bZ'oj Hkh euq";ksa dh jpuk
djus ls ugha MjkA bZ'oj dk ;g fdruk Øwj et+kd+ gS fd pwafd og Fkd ugha ldrk blfy, euq";
cukrk tkrk gS%

csdkj u cSB dqN fd;k dj]
iktkek mèksM+ dj fl;k djA
^rks [kqn ds iktkeksa dk vkf[k+jh Vkadk vFkkZr eSa igyh flracj lu~ 1915 dh lqcg ykgkSj esa 3 ctdj
47 feuV ij dsoy egkdfo johanzukFk dks izek.k izLrqr djus ds fy, iSnk gks x;kA *
csnh dh eka lsok nsoh czkã.k oa'k ls Fkha vkSj firk ckck ghjkflag [k=kh fl[k FksA 'kCn csnh ;k
osnh osn ls vk;k gSA tks [k=kh osn dks viuk xzaFk ekurs gSa osnh dgykrs gSaA tSlk fd èofur gksrk
gS ;g iwathoknh :f<+oknh ifjokj Fkk vkSj vk£Fkd :i ls fiNM+k gqvk FkkA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ;g viuh
larku dks mPp f'k{k.k nsus esa leFkZ ugha Fkk] fdarq csnh dh ys[kdh; izfrHkk us oxZxr vkSj vkSipkfjd
f'k{kk ds vHkko dks iwjk dj fn;kA csnh ds firk iksLV vkfQ+l esa dke djrs FksA nksuksa ds ifjokjksa
dh lgefr ds fcuk lsoknsoh vkSj ghjkflag us ykgkSj ds ,d vk;Zlekt eafnj esa 'kknh dj yhA eka

mnwZ] fganh vkSj FkksM+h cgqr vaxszt+h tkurh FkhaA ?kj esa xhrk vkjS ti th lkgc nksuksa dk ikB gksrk Fkk]
fdlh èkeZ ;k fo'okl ds izfr v#fp ugha Fkh] blh èkkfeZd voLFkk esa csnh ds eu esa èkeZfujis{krk
dk chtkjksi.k gqvkA ml voLFkk esa ekrk&firk }kjk lquk;h x;h cksèk jpukvksa vkSj rRdkyhu izfl)
ys[kdksa dh jpuk,a i<+dj lquk;h x;haA mu jpukvksa ds dkj.k muds Hkhrj dk ys[kd iYyfor iqf"ir
g3k3sr2k /jugk;] kiizR;Fsdk vds tnq[uko&njnh&Ztdwuks r¼lho;zrqaDkrlkds e½%gl2wl01d2 ju@k vius ik=kksa esa Lo;a dks lek nsuk vkSj gkL;

O;aX; dh pk'kuh ;g lc mUgsa ekrk&firk ls mÙkjkf/kdkj esa feyk FkkA
,d pknj eSyh lh miU;kl dh Hkwfedk esa csnh fy[krs gS% ^u tkus fdl feV~Vh ls cus gSaA terh

gqbZ cQ+ks± vkSj rirh gqbZ jsrksa esa cl ldrs gSa] tgka vU; yksx nwljksa dh gh uqD+rkphuh esa yxs jgrs
gSa ogka iatkch gh gS tks vius&vki ij gal ldrk gSA og vPNk fe=k gS vkSj cqjk 'k=kq] tgka Hkh yksx
rqEgas Åaph vkokt+ esa galrs gq, lquk;h nsa] ogka vo'; gh dksbZ iatkch gksxk] D;ksafd og nqfu;k dk
ekre djus ugha vk;k vkSj u gh :[kh nk'kZfudrk mlds thou dk mís'; gSA og tks Hkhrj ls gS
ogh ckgj ls gSA mlds thou dk jgL; ;gh gS fd mldk dksbZ jgL; ugha*A

foHkktu ds i'pkr tks iatkch Hkkjr vk;s Fks os [+kwu dk nfj;k Qykax dj vk;s FksA ?ku?kksj
vfuf'pr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa] ij mudh rhoz ftthfo"kk us mUgsa fMxus ugha fn;k] frudk&frudk pqudj
mUgksaus fQj ls ?kksalyk cuk;k vkSj thou dh xkM+h dks iVjh ij ys vk;sA csnh Hkh mUgha esa ls ,d
FksA ykgkSj ds ekMy Vkmu esa mu dk edku yqV pqdk Fkk] Hkkjr esa dksbZ vkSj fBdkuk u FkkA ;gka&ogka
vkSj tkus dgka&dgka HkVdus ds ckn varr% cacbZ igqapsA dgkfu;ka fy[krs jgs vkSj fQ+Yesa cukrs jgsA
;gka mUgsa lEeku Hkh feyk vkSj iSlk Hkh] ij ekufld HkVdu ls NqVdkjk u feykA v'd ds uke
,d i=k esa fy[krs gaS%

vc rqEgkjh rfc;r dSlh gS\ eSa Hkh bruk vfèkd m$c pqdk gwa fd nl&ianzg fnu ds fy, fdlh
LokLF;o)Zd LFkku ij Hkkx tkuk pkgrk gwaA ;wa eSa bèkj&mèkj dbZ LFkku ij x;k gwa ij rqe gSjku
gksxs fd tc ls eSaus ft+anxh 'kq: dh gS ¼lu~ 1935½ esa iksLV vkfQ+l esa ukSdj gqvk Fkk] ml le;
ls vc rd ,slk ugha gqvk fd eSa dke dkt Hkwy dj ianzg fnu ds fy, dgha foJke djus ds fy,
fudy x;k gksm$aA ;fn dgha x;k gwa rks fdlh dke ds lacaèk esa fnekx+ ij cks> ysdjA vc rks

vanj dh f[akpkoV iwjh rjg ls <hyh gks pqdh gSA

vBkjg o"kZ dh vk;q esa Vh-ch- ds dkj.k eka dk nsgkar gks x;kA eka ds ejus ds i'pkr ikap lky ds
Hkhrj Hkhrj firk Hkh py cls] fQj csjkst+xkjh vkSj Q+kd+sA Mkd[+kkus dh ukSdjh us FkksM+k lgkjk fn;k]
ij tkuysok esgur vkSj esgurkuk uke Hkj dk] frl ij gj ?kM+h vieku] blh dky esa csnh us xaHkhj
dgkfu;ka Hkh fy[khaA 1936 esa budk igyk dgkuh laxzg] nkuk&vks&nke vkSj 1941 esa nwljk laxzg]
xzg.k izdkf'kr gqvkA vc rd mUgksaus viuh vkjafHkd jksekafVd dgkfu;ksa ls iwjh rjg ls eqfDr ik
yh FkhA ykgkSj dh ,d egÙoiw.kZ lkfgfR;d if=kdk vncs yrhQ+ ds os voSrfud laiknd cuk fn;s
x;s] vc rd mudk 'kqekj mnwZ ds mRÑ"V dgkuhdkjksa esa gksus yxk FkkA csnh] eaVks] Ñ'u panj bu
rhuksa us mnwZ dgkuh dks cqyafn;ksa rd igqapk;kA

mudk ikfjokfjd thou Hkh de mFky&iqFky Hkjk u Fk] iRuh ds lkFk mBk&iVd yxh gh jgrh
FkhA mudh e`R;q ds i'pkr mUgsa lqdwu fey tkuk pkfg, Fkk( ij os vius fe=k vkSj fQ+Yedkj [+oktk
vgen vCckl ls dgrs gSa% ^vCckl eSa vius gh nq[k ls pfdr gwaA ?kj eq>s dkVus dks nkSM+rk gS] vc
dqN Hkh ugha jgk tks eq>s fy[kus ds fy, izsfjr djsxkA vc eq>s yxrk gS mldh f>[k&f>[k esjs fy,
fujarj izjs.kk dk òksr Fkh*A fQj vius toku csVs ujsanz dh vlkef;d e`R;q us mUgsa cqjh rjg ls rksM+
fn;kmµ Ugkuas s dgk] ^eR` ;q ixyk x;h gS vk;h vkjS xy+ r vkneh dks ys x;h*A

os lgh ek;uksa esa ekuorkoknh izxfr'khy vkSj èkeZfujis{k O;fDr FksA ljnkj gksus ds ukrs mUgksaus
yca s d's k j[k]s ixM+h ck/a kh] ij fl[k èkeZ eas fuf"k) 'kjkc vkjS flxjVs ihuk ugha NkMs +kA cns h fQ+Yeas cukrs

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 333

jgs] dgkfu;ka fy[krs jgs] egfQ+yksa esa yrhQ+s lqukrs jgs] ij nSfud thou dh fparkvksa esa ncs gq, bl

O;fDr dks de yksx ns[k ikrs FksA
viuh vkjafHkd dgkfu;ksa esa os vk£Fkd fo"kerkvksa vkSj thou la?k"kksZa ls f?kjs lkekU; xzkeh.kksa dk

fp=k.k djrs gSaA ^nl feuV ckfj'k esa*] ^xeZ dksV*] ^eudh eu esa* vkSj ^xzg.k* tSlh dgkfu;ksa esa

fuEu vkSj fuEueè; oxZ ds thou dk vn~Hkqr vkSj izkekf.kd fp=k.k feyrk gS] D;ksafd ;g csnh ds
futh vuqHkoksa dk nk;jk gSA blfy, 'kks"k.k ds fo#) os dgkfu;ka ,d jpukRed izfrjksèk izLrqr djus
dk iz;Ru djrh gSa] os lgkuqHkwfr vkSj fujarj ifjorZu'khy n`f"Vdks.k ds lkFk ekuoh; xfjek dks c<+k

nsrh gSaA viuh varnZ`f"V }kjk csnh mu oxks± ds ekufld larks"k dks cgqdks.kh; cuk nsrs gSaA ik=k vkSj
ifjfLFkfr o ijLij la?k"kZ }kjk ;g n'kkZus dh ps"Vk djrs gSa fd muds euksoSKkfud nckoksa] lkekftd
rukoksa dk tUe okrkoj.k esa fLFkr vk£Fkd vHkkoksa ds dkj.k gksrk gSA

tksfxanj iky ds vuqlkj] ^csnh lksp lksp dj fy[kus dk vknh gSA lkspksa ds ?ksjksa esa vkdj mls
#d&#d dj i<+rk gS] ekuks dgkuh dks Lo;a vius thou ls lacaf/kr le>dj vkxs c<+ jgk gksA ikBd
dh ryk'k dh ml xqatkb'k dks è;ku esa j[k dj csnh us vè;;u dks ekuks la?k"kZ'khyrk dh lhekvksa

ls tksM+ fn;k gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd csnh dks rst+&rst+ i<+us ls muds fy[ks gq, dk ,d fljk maxfy;ksa
ls fQly tkrk gS] ml fljs dks idM+ esa ykuk vHkh"V gks rks my>s gq, ckjhd+ rkjksa dks laHkky&laHkky
dj lhèkk djuk gksxkA tYnh ls >Vd nsus ls ge mls chp esa gh dgha rksM+ cSBsaxsA*

mijksDr dFku u dsoy csnh dh fof'k"V dgkuh jpuk dh vksj ladsr djrk gS vfirq fdUgha
vFkks± esa mUgsa vius ledkyhuksa ls vyxkrk Hkh gSA os iqjkuh vkSj u;h mnwZ dgkuh ds chp dh dM+h
gSaA os :f<+xr jpukRed i)fr vkSj mins'kkRed 'kSyh ls vyx ,d u;h i)fr dk vkfo"dkj djrs

gSa tks mudh jpuk dks fof'k"V cukrh gSA xksxksy] ps[k+o vkSj yksdkZ dk vnHkqr lfEeJ.k mudh jpuk
dks vkd"kZd ,oa iBuh; cukrk gSA rukoxzLr vke vkneh dh eqfDr muds ys[ku dk vkèkkjHkwr fcanq
gSA vius&ik=kksa ds nq[k&nnZ dks laizsf"kr djus ls igys os mls bl rjg ls vkRelkr djrs gSa ftlls

mudh jpuk dks lkSan;kZRed larks"k izkIr gksrk gSA
csnh fy[krs gS% ^feFkdh;* rRoksa dk iz;ksx eSa Hkkjrh; lH;rk vkSj vkLFkkvksa dks izLrqr djus ds

fy, djrk gwaA muds nsoh&nsork( muds eafnj ekfLtn ;g lc fn[kkus dh dksf'k'k djrk gwaA eSa vius

vki esa u dsoy Hkkjrh; gwa cfYd Hkkjr gwaA*
llqjky esa izrkM+uk ds i'pkr ?kj ls Hkkxh ^gksyh* ¼xzg.k½ ij ljk; esa cykRdkjh dk vkØe.k

vkSj mlls eqfDr ds fy, mldk la?k"kZ] lw;Z xzg.k ls lacafèkr ikajifjd dFkkRed laokn] dgkuh vkSj

ik=k nksuksa dks vfèkd lkFkZd ,oa lqanj cuk nsrs gSaA ik£Fko panzek ;kuh L=kh dh ihM+k jkgq&dsrq ds
mi;qDr lanHkks± ls vfèkd /kuhewr gks tkrh gSA ik=kksa ds lkFk lanHkZxr feFkdksa vkSj vk[;kuksa dks xwaFk
dj os mUgsa vfèkd lkFkZd cuk nsrs gSaA csnh us L=kh ik=kksa dks fo'ks"kr;k egÙoiw.kZ cuk fn;k gSA muds

L=kh ik=k vius L=khRo ls vkyksfM+r gkM+&ekal ds izkÑr balku gSa ftuesa nsoh dgykus dh bPNk dHkh
tkx`r ugha gqbZ] mudh vusd dgkfu;ksa esa Hkkjrh; ukjh ds fofoèk :i gSaA L=kh vk£Fkd :i ls iq#"k
ij fuHkZj gksdj muds d+kuwu dk f'kdkj gksrh gS] ij mlds izfr fonzksg ugha djrhA ;kSu ds izfr Hkh

csnh dk ut+fj;k vius ledkyhuksa ls fHkUu gSA eu cgyko dh lhevksa ls ijs Hkh os L=kh&iq#"k lacaèkksa
dh O;k[;k djrs gSaA os ekurs gSa] L=kh iq#"k ijLij fey dj larku mRifRr djsa vkSj mldh ftEes+nkjh

334 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

laHkkysaA bl izfØ;k ls lsDl ,d leL;k ugha jgsxkA viuh ,d dgkuh] ^,d flxjsV* esa csnh lar

jke ds fopkjksa dks bl izdkj izLrqr djrs gSa%
vktdy gekjs thou esa gj u;h pht+ vk x;h gS] ftls ^xqM Vkbe* dgrs gSaA ysfdu iq#"k vkSj
ukjh esa tks ekSfyd varj gS mls rqe er HkwyukA iq#"k ij dksbZ ft+Eesnkjh ugha] tc rd og vius
lnkpkj] viuh lH;rk ds rgr bls Lohdkj u djs] ysfdu ukjh ij cgqr gS( D;ksafd cPpk mls
mBkuk iM+rk gS] blfy, lalkj Hkj esa ukfj;ka u dsoy ijkèkhu gSa cfYd muls vuqjksèk fd;k tkrk
gS fd ijaijk dk ikyu djsa vkSj ;g Bhd gSA mUgsa Lo;a dks ,sls iq#"k dks lefiZr ugha dj nsuk

pkfg, tks mldh vkSj mlds cPpksa dh ft+Eesnkjh u laHkkysA

csnh ds ikl thou dks fofHkUu dks.kksa ls ns[kus dh dyk gS] blh dkj.k mudh dgkfu;ksa esa fofoèkrk
gSA 'kSyh esa dgha nksgjko ugha] 'kCnksa dk viO;; ughaA mUgsa leqnz dks dwt+s esa can djuk vkrk gSA
blesa yk{kf.kd iz;ksx vkSj izrhd mudh lgk;rk djrs gSaA mudk ,d ek=k y?kq miU;kl] ,d pknj
eSyh lh bl 'kCn 'kSyh dk loksZÙke mnkgj.k gSA yksd thou dh #fp;ka] [+kkfe;ka] fo'okl&vaèkfo'okl]
#f<+oknh Vksus&VksVds vkSj ;gka&ogka lwQ+h larksa dh ok.kh ds lVhd mnkgj.k ik=kksa dks vfèkd eq[kj vkSj

dFkkud dks cy'kkyh cuk nsrs gSA ,slk tks dqN csnh ds ;gka gS muds ledkyhuksa esa mldk vkHkkl
ugha gksrk% ;|fi eaVks] Ñ'u panj dk lacaèk Hkh iatkc vkSj iatkfc;r ls mruk gh gS ftruk csnh
dk gSA blfy, ikBd csnh dh vksj vfèkd vkdf"kZr gksrk gSA

dqN vkykspdksa dk ,slk ekuuk gS fd csnh dh vkf[+kjh nkSj dh dgkfu;ka mudh igys nkSj dh
dgkfu;ksa ds eqd+kcys nqcksZèk gSa] igys nkSj dh dgkfu;ksa esa tgka lsDl ijns esa gS] mu dgkfu;ksa esa og
dqN vfèkd Li"V :i ls lkeus vk;k gSA ^ dY;k.kh*] ^eSFkqu* ^lksfQ+;k* rFkk ^ckjh dk cq[+kkj* blh

dksfV dh dgkfu;ka gSaA bu dgkfu;ksa dh lgh vFkZoÙkk rd igqapus ds fy, tks ekufld rS;kjh vkSj
èkS;Z pkfg, mls vftZr djus dk iz;kl bu vkykpsdksa esa fn[kk;h ugha nsrkA blhfy, os mu dgkfu;ksa
dks csnh dh izfrfufèk dgkfu;ka u ekudj iYyk >kM+ ysrs gSaA

csnh ds ukVdksa dh vksj mruk è;ku vkykspdksa dk ugha x;k ftruk mudh dgkfu;ksa dh vksj
x;k gSA ;g f'kdk;r [kqn csnh dh Hkh jgh gSA ,d baVjO;w esa os dgrs gSa%

eSaus lkr ukVd fy[ks gSaA dksbZ i<+s rks] esjs ;gka vkdj yksx esjh dgkfu;ksa ds ckjs esa ckr djrs gSa
Mªkeksa dh dksbZ ckr ugha djrkA gkykafd [+oktk ljk esjk bruk mEnk Mªkek gS fd mls cyoar xkxhZ
vejhdk esa djus okys Fks] exj dqN otg ls ugha gks ldkA
baVjO;w ysus okyk dgrk gS% ^csnh lkgc] vkidk dguk fcYdqy Bhd gS] gekjs ;gka ¼mnwZ esa½ Mªkeksa dh

tks le> gksuh pkfg, Fkh] mldks ftl <ax ls i<+k tkuk pkfg, Fkk le>k tkuk pkfg, Fkk] vkykspdksa
us 'kk;n ml ij mruk è;ku ugha fn;kA ysfdu D;ksafd LVst ij os'kHkw"kk dh vko';drk gksrh gS]
[k+pZ gksrk gS] vfHkusrk dks cqd djuk gksrk gS] blfy, gekjs ;gka izkQS+'kuy dkS'ky iSnk ugha gks ldk]

fQj ;g fd fQ+Ye cM+k ehfM;k gS] blfy, yksxksa dk è;ku fQ+Ye dh vksj vfèkd pyk tkrk gS tc
fd fQ+Ye vkSj jaxeap ,d nwljs ds cgqr fudV gSa ysfdu fQ+Ye dk pwafd vk£Fkd igyw gS] blfy,
ml dh vksj vfèkd yksx vkdf"kZr gksrs gSa] Lo;a vkius Hkh Dykfldh dksfV dh fQ+Yesa cuk;h gSaA*

csnh ds ÑfrRo vkSj O;fDrRo ij nks o"kZ ckn muds 'krkCnh o"kZ esa xaHkhj vkSj foLr`r dke gksuk
pkfg, vkSj gksxk Hkh ,slk fo'okl rks curk gS] cuuk pkfg, HkhA

Qksu ua- 011&26941144
u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 335

dSQ+h vkt+eh

xkSgj jt+k

vt; Hkou dk ,d NksVk lk dejk] ,d iyax] nks dq£l;ka] ,slk dqN lkQ+ ugha rks xank Hkh ugha]

fcLrj ij dSQ+h lkgc vkèks cSBs] vkèks ysVs gq, vkSj xksikyA xksiky tks mudh fta+nxh dk ,d fgLlk

cu pqdk FkkA eSa vkSj 'kcue tc dejk uacj iwNrs ikNrs vanj nkf[k+y gq, rks dSQ+h lkgc dh Hkkjh

xwatnkj vkokt+ us vkoHkxr dh] ^vkvks vkvks] cgqr vPNk fd;k rqe nksuksa vk x;sA cSBksA HkkbZ] eSa

;gka rqEgsa pk; ugha fiyk ldrkA*

cjkcj esa jD[kh Q+kYs MMs Oghy p;s j ij ut+j iM+h] rks ejs s t+gu eas x+kfyc dk 'kjs xtaw k] ^dkbs Z ohjkuh

lh ohjkuh gS] n'r dks ns[k ds ?kj ;kn vk;kA* bl ohjkuh esa Hkh fdruh xjetks'kh gS bl vkokt+ esaA

uk nqfu;k dh f'kdk;r] uk rdyhQ+ksa dk nq[kM+k] uk vius Q+kfyt dh ckrsa] uk gh chekjh ds fd+Lls]

uk viuh cM+kbZ dk ft+ØA dSQ+h lkgc fnYyh mnwZ vdknseh dh fdlh ehfVax esa vk;s FksA vuhl

vkt+eh Hkh dqN gh nsj ckn ogka igqap x;sA ckr mlh ehfVax ls 'kq: gqbZ vkSj fQj cy [kkrh gqbZ ns'k

dh] fQj nqfu;k dh jktuhfr rd igqaphA oD+r dSls fQly x;k] irk gh ugha pykA

dejs esa xehZ rks Fkh gh] exj mlls Hkh T+;knk ijs'kkuh Fkh VsfyQ+ksu u gksus dh vkSj ckFk:e tkuk

Hkh dkQ+h fnD+d+rryc FkkA dejs eas baVjuy Q+ksu Hkh ugha FkkA fjlsI'ku ij ekStwn dkejsM us gesa ;g

crk;k Fkk fd dSQ+h lkgc ckgj ugha x;s gSa rks dejs esa gh gksaxs] ;kuh u dksbZ dSQ+h lkgc ls ckr

dj ldrk Fkk] u os fdlh ls laidZ dj ldrs FksA ge x;s rks de gh nsj ds fy, Fks exj mudk

vdsykiu ns[k dj dqN T+;knk nsj cSB x;sA pyrs pyrs eSaus dSQ+h lkgc ls dgk] ^dSQ+h lkgc] gekjk

?kj bl d+kfcy rks ugha] ij ogka Q+ksu gS vkSj vki dk [k+;ky j[kus ds fy, ge gksaxsA vki gekjs

?kj pysa rks gesa csgn [+kq'kh gksxhA* Mj bl ckr dk Fkk fd os Q+kSju euk dj nsaxsA eSa ;g fd+Llk lqu

pqdk Fkk fd fnYyh dh cgqr lh cM+h cM+h gfLr;ka mUgsa vius ?kj ys tkus dh dksf'k'k dj pqdh gSa]

exj os tc fnYyh vkrs gSa rks flQ+Z vt; Hkou eas gh #drs gSaA

eSaus rks flQZ+ ckr dks bl rjg j[kk Fkk fd os pkgsa rks euk dj nsa] 'kcue us t+ksj nsdj dgk]

^dSQ+h lkgc] dy ge vki dks ysus vk jgs gSa] cgqr ls yksx gSaA tks vki ls feyuk pkgrs gSa] ckr

djuk pkgrs gS] gekjs ikl VsyhQ+ksu vkrs gSa vkSj gesa Hkh vki dk izksxzke irk ugha gksrkA vki tc

rd gSa gekjs ?kj jgsaA vki dks dgha tkuk gksxk rks gekjh ,d VwVh QwVh ek#rh dkj gS] ml esa xkSgj

vki dks ys tk;saxsA* rkTtqc bl ckr ij Fkk fd os rS;kj gks x;sA

lh-,l-vkb-vkj- dk fn;k gqvk lkroha eaft+y ij rhu dejksa okyk gekjk ¶+ySV fcydqy

vkjkensg ugha FkkA fQj Hkh dqN 'kcue dh dksf'k'ksa vkSj dqN VsyhQ+ksu ij yksxksa ls jkCrs gks tkus dh

otg ls ?kj ij egfQ+ysa teus yxhaA mlds ckn tc Hkh dSQ+h lkgc fnYyh vk;s] gekjs ?kj gh BgjsA

rc rd tc rd 'kckuk] mudh csVh] esEcj ik£y;kesaV ugha gks x;ha vkSj mUgas v'kksd jksM ij dksBh

ugha /feuy;kxi;FhAk v'kctkuuk ovjhk&tt+ewuh d¼lks ;?kqaDjrrkdks ½v% y20kV12gks @pqdk Fkk exj 'kk;n mlesa dke py jgk Fkk]

336

gSaM vksoj ugha gqvk FkkA Q+ksu vk;k] ^eSa dy lqcg vk jgk gwa] nks ?kaVs rqEgkjs ?kj #dawxk] fQj vkxjk
tkÅaxkA eq'kk;jk gS] rhu eq'kk;js gSaA* eSaus vkèks fnu dh NqV~Vh ys yh] dSQ+h lkgc lqcg pkj cts
?kj ls pys gksaxs] ?kj ij dqN vkjke dj ysaxsA mUgksaus ckFk:e bLrseky fd;k] uk'rk fd;k] pk; yh]
bl esa dqy feykdj dksbZ nks ?kaVs yxs gksaxsA xksiky ls dgk] ^pyks*A eSaus dgk ^dSQ+h lkgc] vkxjk
dksbZ nwj ugha] vki vkjke ls igqap tk;saxsA dqN vkjke dj ysa] pkj cts Hkh fudysaxs rks vkB cts
igqap tk;saxs] vkSj eq'kk;jk dkSu lk oD+r ls 'kq: gksrk gSA* cksys] ^xksiky] budh u lquks] bUgsa n¶+rj
tkuk gSA pyksA* eSa dgrk jg x;k] ^n¶+rj dkSu lk esjs Hkjksls py jgk gS*] vkSj os viuh Oghy ps;j
ij ;g dg dj py fn;s fd ^dy lqcg ykSVwaxk] irk ugha dcA* eSaus lkspk Fkk fd rhu eq'kk;js vkxjk
esa gh dgha vklikl gksaxs] exj ;g esjh Hkwy FkhA

vxys fnu lqcg vkB cts ds d+jhc] dSQ+h lkgc fQj fnYyh igqap x;sA cksys] ^eq'kk;jk nsj ls
[k+Re gqvk] mlds ckn eq>s ogka #d dj D;k djuk Fkk] vkSj fQj vHkh eq>s ve`rlj Hkh rks tkuk
gSA* lqcg fQj ogh dy okyk pØ pyk vkSj dSQ+h lkgc nks ?kaVs esa g'kk'k c'kk'k ve`rlj tkus dks
rS;kjA rhljk eq'kk;jk dgha iatkc ;k gfj;k.kk esa Fkk vkSj pkSFkh uf'kLr fnYyh esa r; gqbZ FkhA oSls
rks ml nkSj ds lc dE;qfuLV fdlh vkSj gh /kkrq ds cus Fks] exj dSQ+h lkgc dh fgEer dh rks dksbZ
lhek gh ughaA vkèkk ftLe Q+kfytt+nk] nl nl ?kaVs VSDlh esa lQ+j] lqcg pkj&ikap cts rd eq'kk;js
esa LVst ij cSBs jguk] eq'kk;jk [k+Re gksus ls igys dqN u [kkuk u ihuk] bu lc vknrksa dk eSa xokg
gwa] xokg gwa fd os viuh 'kk;jh vkSj eq'kk;jksa dks izxfr'khy fopkj QSykus dk t+fj;k le>rs FksA

vkaèkh dh rjg ds bl lQ+j ds vkf[+kjh fnu 'kke dks muls ckr djus dk dqN oD+r fey x;kA
eSaus beks'kuy vankt+ esa dgk] ^vc rks 'kckuk dks fnYyh esa ?kj fey x;k gS] vki gekjs ?kj ugha
BgjsaxsA* dSQ+h lkgc ds psgjs ij ,d jax vkdj xqt+j x;kA eq>s yxk ;g ckr ugha dguh pkfg,
FkhA cksys ^rqe eq>s ,slk le>rs gksA rqe tc cqykvksxs] eSa rqEgkjs ?kj vkÅaxkA tc Hkh fnYyh vkÅaxk
rqEgsa t+:j Vsy+hQksu d:axkA* fQj dkQ+h nsj ds fy, [k+keks'kh Nk x;hA eSa ;k 'kcue us fQj dHkh
dSQ+h dks ?kj ugha cqyk;k] Mj ;g Fkk fd os lkjh eqlhcrsa mBk dj Hkh vk tk;saxsA 'kckuk dh dksBh
esa muds dejs ls dkj rd tkuk csgn vklku FkkA exj tc Hkh os fnYyh vk;s] mUgksaus VsyhQ+ksu dj
ds eq>s t+:j cqyok;kA

igyh ckj dSQ+h lkgc dks eSaus cpiu esa vyhx<+ eqfLye ;wfuo£lVh ds eq'kk;js esa nwj ls ns[kk
vkSj lquk FkkA ml eq'kk;js esa fganqLrku ds lkjs cM+s 'kk;j LVst ij ekStwn FksA tks dqN eq>s ;kn gS
mlds fglkc ls fQ+jkd+ xksj[kiqjh us vius dqN nksgs vkSj #ckb;ka lquk;h Fkha] vyh ljnkj tkQ+jh us
'kk;n viuh uT+e] ^nq'eu dkSu* lquk;h FkhA lkfgj yqfèk;kuoh us ^rkt egy* vkSj ^ijNkb;ka* lquk;h
vkSj dSQ+h vkt+eh us igys ^eqírksa eSa ,d vaèks dq,a esa vlhj* vkSj fQj ^vkSjr* lquk;hA lkfgj dh
yach uT+e ^ijNkb;ka* vkSj dSQ+h vkt+eh dh ^eqírksa eSa ,d vaèks dq,a esa vlhj*] eq>s ogha ;kn gks x;ha
vkSj deks&cs'k vkt Hkh ;kn gSaA ;gh izksxzsflo 'kk;j rks Fks tks eq'kk;js ywVk djrs FksA ml eq'kk;js ds
ckn dSQ+h lkgc dks ns[kus vkSj lquus dk ekSd+k ,d yacs vjls rd ugha feykA

^lger* ds 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa dbZ izksxzke vkSj eq'kk;js ,sls gq, ftu esa dSQ+h lkgc ls eqykd+kr
gqbZ] exj jLeh xq¶+rxw] Bgjus dk bart+ke] izksxzke esa LVst rd ysus ys tkus ls T+;knk vkxs ckr dHkh
c<+h ughaA muls esjh igyh yach eqykd+kr vt; Hkou esa gh gqbZ Fkh ftldk ft+Ø t+:jh Fkk] D;ksafd

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 337

;gha ls eSaus mUgsa ,d dkejsM vkSj og Hkh t+cjnLr fgEer j[kus okys balkunksLr dkejsM dh rjg
d+jhc ls tkukA ,d ,slk balku ftls fcLrj ij djoV cnyuk Hkh eqf'dy gks] ftls viuk ,d
gkFk fgykus ds fy, nwljs gkFk dk bLrseky djuk iM+s] ftls NM+h vkSj Oghy ps;j dk lgkjk pkfg,
gks] og fdlh ls ,d jÙkh ,glku u ysuk pkgrk vkSj og fganqLrku ds gj dksus esa tkus ds fy, ges'kk
rS;kj Hkh jgs] ;g ml 'k[+l dh vFkkg fgEer dk rks lqcwr FkkA exj bl fgEer dh otg D;k FkhA
yksx rks t+jk t+jk lh rdyhQ+ksa esa VwV tkrs gSA fQj ;g 'k[+l D;ksa yxkrkj la?k"kZ esa yxk gqvk Fkk\
D;k ;g flQZ+ ft+ank jgus dh [+okfg'k FkhA ugha] D;ksafd os vius tqgw ¼ckWEcs½ ds vkyh'kku ?kj esa jg
dj Hkh vkjke dh ft+anxh xqt+kj ldrs FksA lc ls viuh f[+kner djok ldrs FksA mudh vFkkg
fgEer ds ihNs Fkk ,d lks'kfyLV lekt dk [+okcA cjkcjh dh d+nzksa esa vVwV fo'oklA ;g fd vxj
ft+anxh gS rks fQj ,d lks'kfyLV lekt cukus ds fy, gh oDQ+ gksuh pkfg,A ;g ;d+hu dSQ+h lkgsc
tSls fdrus gh dykdkjksa dks viuh futh ijs'kkfu;ka >syus vkSj Hkwyus dh fgEer nsrk jgk A

dSQ+h lkgc dh csxe] 'kkSdr dSQ+h us viuh fdrkc] ;kn dh jgxqt+j esa ,d et+snkj fd+Llk
fy[kk gS%

,d ckj dk okD+;k gS fd esjh u;h u;h 'kknh gqbZ Fkh] dSQ+h lkgc ,d eq'kk;js esa 'kk;n eq>s eX+kwZc
djus ds fy, vkSfM,al ij Nk tkus okys vankt+ vkSj csgn vPNs ewM esa uT+e] ^gd+hd+rsa* lquk jgs FksA
tc os bl can ij igqaps] ^oks jQ+hd+k ¼lkFkh] choh½ oks esjh ewful&b&b[+kykl iukg ¼x+jhch ds ?kj dh
lkFkh½@ftl dh en~dwd ¼Vh-ch-t+nk½ tokuh gS elk;c ¼eqlhcrsa½ dh xokg---*] fQj rks yksx eqM+ eqM+
dj esjh rjQ+ ns[kus yxsA 'kk;n lksprs gksaxs] ;g rks vPNh Hkyh [+kwclwjr diMs+ igus cSBh gS rks fQj
dSQ+h dh og en~ddw’ + tokuh vkjS elk,c dh xokg cxs e dgka gAaS e>q s cMh+ 'keZ vk jgh FkhA cUus
HkkbZ ¼lTTkkn t+ghj½ us nwljs fnu eq> ls dgk fd ^HkkbZ eksrh ¼'kkSdr vkik dks ikVhZ dE;wu esa jgus
okys I;kj ls eksrh dgrs Fks½ rqEgkjs 'kkSgj us rks dy eq'kk;jk ywV fy;kA* vkfgLrk vkfgLrk eq>s
,glkl gksus yxk fd ;g gSnjkckn ¼'kknh ls igys os gSnjkckn esa jgrh Fkha½ dh nqfu;k ls fcydqy
eq[+rfyQ+ gaSA bu yksxksa dk fj'rk pan balkuksa ls gh ugha cfYd lkjh balkfu;r ls caèkk gqvk gSA os
vius ?kj] viuh choh cPpksa dk bruk ugha lksprs ftruk et+nwj] fdlku vkSj esgurd'k balkuksa ds

ckjs esa lksprs gSaA* ¼'kkSdr dSQ+h] ;kn dh jgxqt+j] LVkj ifCy'klZ] 2006 i`0 74&75½A

dSQ+h lkgc dh ft+anxh dh gkyr tks eq>s ekywe gS og dqN bl rjg gS fd os vkt+ex<+ ds fetoka
xkao esa ,d csgn et+gch f'k;k eqLyeku t+ehnkj ?kjkus esa 19 tuojh 1919 ds fnu iSnk gq,A dSQ+h
lkgc dk uke vrgj gqlSu fjt+oh FkkA muds vCck 'kk;j Fks] cM+s HkkbZ Hkh 'kk;jh djrs Fks] ?kj esa gj
fnu eq'kk;js gksrs Fks] mnwZ vnc ?kqVVh esa fey jgk FkkA ,d ckj ?kj ij 'kke dh egfQ+y ltus okyh
Fkh] mu ds cM+s HkkbZ dkWih d+ye fy;s ijs'kka cSBs FksA 11 lky ds vrgj iku dh Fkkyh fy;s cM+s HkkbZ
ds cjkcj ls xqt+js rks iwNk] ^D;ksa ijs'kka cSBs gSaA* tokc feyk] ^eq'kk;js dk oD+r gks x;k gs vkSj x+t+y
iwjh ugha gqbZA* vrgj us dgk] ^eSa dqN enn d:a\ cM+s HkkbZ gal iM+s] exj d+ye dkx+t+ ns fn;k] vrgj
dqN gh nsj esa rjfg;k feljs] ^bruk galks ds vka[k ls vkalw fudy iM+s*] ij pan 'ksj fy[k yk;sA igyk

'ksj Fkk%

bruk rks ft+anxh esa fdlh dh [+kyy iM+s

galus ls gks lqdwu u jksus ls dy iM+s

fjok;rh 'kk;jh esa Mwch t+cku] ot+u vkSj cgj ds fglkc ls x+t+y dk gj feljk nq#Lr Fkk] 'kCchj
Hk¸;k us rkTtqc ls dgk] ^;g x+t+y rqe us fy[kh gS\* ;g r; gqvk fd 'kCchj HkS;k vCck ls flQ+kfj'k
338 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

djsaxs fd vrgj dks x+t+y i<+us dh btkt+r nh tk;sA vrgj us x+t+y i<+h vkSj okgokgh Hkh gqbZ] exj
bl rjg dh tSls mUgksaus fdlh vkSj dh fy[kh x+t+y i<+h gksA vrgj dks ;g ,glkl gks x;k fd
yksx bl ckr dks] fd x+t+y mUgha us fy[kh gS] >wB le> jgs gSaA vkaxu esa tgka eq'kk;jk gks jgk Fkk
ogka ls ?kj ds vanj vk;s vkSj fcy[k fcy[k dj jksuk 'kq: dj fn;kA fny esa ;g Q+Slyk dj fy;k
fd bu yksxksa dks ,d fnu cM+k 'kk;j gksdj fn[kkÅaxkA ;g fd+Llk ,d 'kke] nsj ls] cSBus ds nkSjku
dSQ+h lkgc us eq>s lquk;kA mUgksaus ;g Hkh dgk fd bl x+t+y dks csxe v[+rj us xk;k gS] csgn
e'kgwj gqbZ vkSj mUgsa cgqr ilan Hkh gSA dSQ+h lkgc dh fta+nxh ij bl okd+;k us xgjk vlj Mkyk
Fkk] 'kk;n blhfy, mUgksaus eq>s lquk;k] 'kkSdr dSQ+h dh fdrkc esa Hkh bl fd+Lls dh rQ+lhy ekStwn
gS vkSj baVjusV ij Hkh ;g txg txg fey tkrk gSA

cgjgky] dSQ+h lkgc us mnwZ vkSj Q+kjlh dh rkyhe y[kuÅ tkdj gkfly djuk 'kq: dh] exj
muds lkFk Hkh ogh gqvk tks ml oD+r T+;knkrj gLlkl ukStokuksa ds lkFk gks jgk FkkA dSQ+h lkgc
Hkh vkt+knh dh tax dh yisV esa vkus yxs] igys dkaxzsl ds tylksa esa nwj ls 'kkfey gq, fQj d+jhc
ls] blh chp mudh eqykd+kr vyh ljnkj tkQ+jh ls gqbZ tks mu ls 6 lky cM+s FksA nwljs izxfr'khy
ys[kdkas vkSj 'kk;jksa ds nk;js esa vkus ds lkFk mUgksaus ekfDlZT+e ds igys lcd+ Hkh ;gha i<+sA ml t+ekus
ds et+nwj vkanksyuksa vkSj dE;qfuLV ikVhZ esa bruh T+;knk df'k'k Fkh fd dksbZ Q+udkj] dksbZ fØ;sfVo
fnekx+ bl vkanksyu ds vlj ls cpk ugha jg ik;kA nqfu;k dks cnyus dk] balku ij balku ds neu
dks [k+Re djus dk] ,d ,slk lekt cukus dk ftlesa lc cjkcj gksa] tgka lc gkFkksa dks dke feys]
tgka gj lj ij Nr gks vkSj gj isV esa jksVh gks] ,sls lekt dk rlOoqj vkSj mls cukus dk iwjk uD+'kk
flQ+Z vkSj flQZ+ dE;qfuLV gh is'k dj jgs FksA ckd+h lkjs Q+ylQ+ksa esa >ksy FkkA vkt Hkh gS] fdlh
esa de fdlh esa T+;knk] dgha vk£Fkd Åapuhp dk Q+ylQ+k gkFk feyk jgk Fkk rks dgha tkrh; caVokjk
ml dk vkèkkj Fkk rks dgha enZ vkSjr dks cjkcjh nsus dks rS;kj ugha Fkk] dksbZ taxksa dks lgh Bgjk jgk
Fkk rks dksbZ balkfu;r dks ckaV jgk FkkA ^nqfu;k ds et+nwjksa ,d gks* tSlk ukjk fdlh vkSj Q+ylQ+s
ds ikl ugha FkkA bl ukjs dh xwat ;gh ikVhZ odZlZ mHkjrs gq, et+nwjoxZ rd ys tk jgs FksA ;g ukjk
,d lyhc Fkk ftls gt+kjksa ukStoku mBk;s fQjrs FksA bUgsa lwyh ij p<+ tkus dk dksbZ Mj ugha FkkA

dSQ+h lkgc Hkh vius fgLls dh lyhc mBk;s ikVhZ esa 'kkfey gksus ds ckn i<+kbZ NksM+ NkM+ dj
dkuiqj py fn;s] et+nwjksa ds chp dke djusA ;gka ls Q+Slyk gqvk fd eqacbZ tkvks vkSj dE;wu esa
jgks rks eqacbZ igqap x;s] ogha mUgksaus 'kkSdr vkt+eh ls 'kknh dh] dguk rks ;ksa pkfg, fd 'kkSdr vkik
us muls 'kknh dh] muds b'd+ vkSj 'kknh dk fnypLi fd+Llk 'kkSdr vkik us viuh fdrkc eas cM+h
[+kwclwjrh ls fy[kk gSA ih-MCY;w-,- vkSj bIVk dh cqfu;kn iM+ pqdh FkhA dE;wu vkSj mlesa jgus okyksa
dh ft+anxh] bIVk] ih-MCY;w-,- esa dke djus okyksa dh d+qckZfu;ksa ij ;ksa rks cgqr nkLrkusa fy[kh x;h
gSa] ysfdu vxj Q+St+ dh bl ykbu dks le>uk gS fd] ^rq> dks ekywe gS D;ksa mez xaok nh ge us*]
rks 'kkSdr vkik dh fdrkc vkSj gky gh esa izdkf'kr dYiuk lkguh dh fdrkc ftlesa ih lh tks'kh
dk ,d ys[k gS] i<+uk t+:jh gSA

gkykr cnys rks os dykdkj] ftu dks bIVk ;k ih-MCY;w-,- ls nwj gksuk iM+k] dHkh ml [+okc ls
nwj ugha gq, ftls ge ekDlZoknh lksp dgrs gSaA ;g Hkh lgh gS fd ewoesaV us bUgsa cM+k vkSj ed+cwy
dykdkj cuus dh lykfg;r nh vkSj ;g Hkh lgh gS ewoesaV det+ksj iM+k rks Hkh ;s yksx voke esa

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 339

ed+cwy jgsA vius vius Q+u dh ÅapkbZ Nw dj uke iSnk djrs jgs] fQ+Ye baMLVªh dks] vky bafM;k

jsfM;ks dks] 'kk;jh dks] vnc dks ft+anxh nsrs jgsA tc bad+ykc d+jhc Fkk rks bu yksxksa us viuk lc
dqN nkao ij yxk fn;k vkSj tc mEehn dh ykS efène gqbZ rks viuh 'kk;jh] viuh vnkdkjh vkSj
ys[ku ls ekfDlZLV lksp dks u;h uLy rd igqapkus esa tqV x;sA gekjh uLy tks vktk+nh ds ckn iSnk

gqbZ ml ij dSQ+h lkgc] bIVk vkSj ih-MCY;w-,- ds cM+s ,glku gSa] tks dksf'k'k ds ckotwn pqdk;s ugha
tk ldrsA

dSQ+h lkgc dks vius xkao ls csgn eqgCcr Fkh vkSj os viuh ekDlZoknh le> ls bl urhts

ij igqaps Fks fd tc rd vkSjrksa dks u i<+k;k tk;sxk rc rd xkao dh rjD+d+h ugha gks ldrhA fetoka
esa yM+fd;ksa ds ljdkjh Ldwy dks tks dSQ+h lkgc dh dksf'k'ksa ls gh [kqyk Fkk vyx ls xzkaV fnyokuk
vklku ugha FkkA ml oD+r dk fl;klh ekgkSy gh bl rjg dk Fkk] Hkktik dh jguqekbZ esa ,u- Mh-

,- ljdkj dsanz esa Fkh ftldk eqlyekuksa dh rjQ+ joS;k cgqr vPNk ugha FkkA exj dSQ+h lkgc gkj
ekuus okys ugha FksA tc ekSykuk vkt+kn Q+kmaMs'ku us vkukdkuh dh rks mUgksaus vVy fcgkjh] ;kuh
izèkkuea=kh dks Q+ksu ?kqek fn;kA vVy fcgkjh us dgk] dSQ+h lkgc] vki ls feyus vk jgk gwa] vki

irk crk;sa] dSQ+h lkgc us Q+ksu eq>s nsrs gq, dgk] ^vius ?kj dk irk crk nks*] Q+ksu ij vVy fcgkjh
[+kqn Fks] eSaus irk rks crk fn;k] exj Q+ksu j[krs gh dgk] ^dSQ+h lkc] vVy fcgkjh esjs ?kj ugha vk
ldrs] vki vxj muls feyuk pkgrs gSa rks xkM+h dk bart+ke dj nwaxkA* ¼;kuh eSa viuh xkM+h esa Hkh

vki dks ugha ys tkÅaxk½ dSQ+h lkgc us fQj VsyhQ+ksu fd;k vkSj dgk] ^eSa vk tkÅaxk*A vVy fcgkjh
muls feyus dk ekSd+k ugha NksM+uk pkgrs FksA mUgksaus dgk] ^eSa dkj Hkst jgk gwa*A dkj vk;h vkSj dSQ+h
lkgc dks tkuk gh iM+kA os fetoka ds Ldwy ds fy, vVy fcgkjh ls Hkh feyus dks rS;kj FksA dksbZ

vkSj gksrk rks esjs bl rjg nks Vwd ckr djus ij csgn [k+Q+k gksrk vkSj lkjs rkYyqd+kr [k+Re dj nsrk]
'kk;n dksbZ vkSj gksrk rks ;g ,glku Hkh èkjrk fd esjh otg ls ns'k dk izèkkuea=kh rqEgkjs ?kj vk jgk
gSA ij dSQ+h lkgc ds ekFks ij f'kdu rd ugha vk;hA os mlh rjg eq>s ^esjk xkSgj* dgrs jgs tSls

igys dgrs FksA
bl okd+;k dks rhu lky xqt+j pqds Fks] 'kckuk vkt+eh dks dksBh fey pqdh Fkh] dSQ+h lkgc

fnYyh esa gksrs rks ^lger* VsyhQ+ksu dj ds eq>s t+:j [k+cj djokrs vkSj eSa mu ls feyus tkrk] xqtjkr

dk ujlagkj gks pqdk Fkk] ,d fnu 'kcue dk VsyhQ+ksu vk;k] ^dSQ+h lkgc nsgyh esa gSa] mudk VsyhQ+ksu
vk;k Fkk] exj ;g Hkh irk pyk gS fd os vkt 'kke vVy fcgkjh oktis;h dh b¶+rkj ikVhZ esa tk
jgs gSa*] rqe vkSj lqgsy tkvks] mUgsa jksdks] mu ij cgqr ncko gS] mUgsa ugha ekywe fd tkfe;k vkSj

ts-,u-;w ds lkjs izksQ+slj bl dk cfg"dkj dj jgs gSa] flQZ+ rqe gh mUgsa jksd ldrs gks] os rqEgkjh lqu
ysaxsA

eSa vius vkWfQ+l esa Fkk] tYnh tYnh ^lger* ds n¶+rj igqapk] lqgsy ogha vk x;s Fks vkSj ge

HkkxeHkkx v'kksd jksM okys ,e-ih- caxys esa nkf[+ky gq,] dSQ+h lkgc vius cM+s ls dejs esa fcLrj
ij vkèks cSBs gq, Fks ?kj ds ekgkSy ls irk py jgk Fkk 'kke dh ikVhZ esa tkus dh rS;kjh iwjh gks x;h
gSA dqN vkSj yksx Hkh dejs esa ekStwn FksA oD+r bruk de Fkk fd lc ds lkeus gh ckr djuh Fkh]

fcuk fdlh rEghn ds eSaus cSBrs gh dgk] ^dSQ+h lkgsc ,d dke ls vk;k gwa] eSaus lquk gS vki vkt
'kke dks vVy fcgkjh dh b¶+rkj ikVhZ esa tk jgs gSa\ dSQ+h lkgc us dksbZ tokc ugha fn;k] tokc fdlh

340 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

vkSj us fn;k] ^th gka*A eSaus dSQ+h lkgc ls dgk] ^dSQ+h lkgc] xqtjkr ds d+Rysvke dh otg ls

tkfe;k vkSj ts-,u-;w- ds lc izksQ+sljksa us Q+Slyk fd;k gS ds os bl b¶+rkjh ikVhZ esa ugha tk;saxsA ;g
ikVhZ ges'kk ls fl;klh gSfl;r gh j[krh gS exj bl lky ikVhZ dh vyx gh ukS¸;r gSA vki tk;saxs
rks vki dh Q+ksVks dy v[k+ckjksa esa gksxh] ,d 'kk;j ;k dE;qfuLV dh gSfl;r ls ugha] cfYd ,d

eqlyeku dh gSfl;r ls] ;g lkfcr djus ds fy, fd eqlyekuksa us izèkkuea=kh dh b¶+rkj ikVhZ dk
cfg"dkj ugha fd;k gSA lhih,e vkSj lhihvkb us QSlyk fy;k gS fd lcls fuosnu djsa fd os b¶+rkj
esa u tk;sa*

tks yksx mUgsa b¶+rkj ikVhZ esa ys tkus ds fy, dejs esa ekStwn Fks mu ds psgjs ij X+kqLlk lkQ+ ns[kk
tk ldrk Fkk] dbZ rjg dh ckrsa dh x;ha] ^;kuh vVy fcgkjh dk xqtjkr ds ujlagkj ls D;k ysuk
nsuk] mUgksaus rks eksnh dh et+Eer dh gS] os rks cgqr vPNs vkneh gSa] dSQ+h lkgc dh cM+h bT+t+r djrs

gSa] dSQ+h lkgc dks [k+kl njokts+ ls ih-,e- gkml esa ys tk;k tkrk gS] mudk flD;wfjVh psd Hkh ugha
gksrk] oxS+jg oxS+jg- - -A tc ckd+h lcdqN dg pqds rks lqgsy us dgk] ^tc dksbZ ih-,e- gks tkrk
gS rks vPNk vkneh vius vki gks tkrk gS] pkgs mls lkyksa lky vkj-,l-,l- esa uQ+jr dh Vsªfuax

gh D;ksa u nh x;h gks*A eSaus dgk] ^dSQ+h lkgc] ge pkgrs gS fd vki ogka u tk;sa] QS+lyk vki ds
gkFk gS] dy ge eaMh gkml ij ,d eqt+kfgjk dj jgs gSa] vki ogka t+:j vk;saA* vkSj ge yksx tkus
ds fy, [kM+s gks x;sA dSQ+h lkgc fcydqy [k+keks'k jgsA ge nksuksa us vknkc fd;k vkSj ckgj fudy

vk;sA dSQ+h lkgc us ;g Hkh ugha dgk] cSBks pk; ihdj tkukA
ckgj fudy dj lqgsy us dgk] ^fdruk eqf'dy dke Fkk] tk;saxs ;k ugha\* eSaus dgk] ^ugha

tk;saxs] tkrs rks [+kkeks'k u jgrs*A exj fny esa Mj rks Fkk] os ugk dj diM+s cny dj ¼tks muds fy,

cgqr eqf'dy dke gksrk Fkk½ rS;kj cSBs Fks] vkf[+kjh oD+r esa Q+Slyk cnyuk eqf'dy gksrk gSA fQj
eSaus dgk] ^ge us viuk dke dj fn;k] vc flQZ+ flDdk mNky ldrs gSa] gsM ;k Vsy\ fQj ge
mu yksxksa ds ckjs esa ckr djrs jgs tks chp esa cksy jgs FksA dSQ+h lkgc b¶+rkj ikVhZ esa ugha x;s vkSj

vxys fnu lkjh eqlhcrsa >sy dj] viuh Oghy ps;j ij lQ+nj gk'eh ekxZ ij izn'kZu esa vk;s] viuh
xwatrh vkokt+ esa cksys Hkh vkSj viuh uT+e ^cuckl* Hkh lquk;hA

ftl nkSj esa dSQ+h lkgc us gekjs ?kj Bgjuk 'kq: fd;k og t+ekuk Fkk vthc jktuhfrd mFky
iqFky dk] vkSj eSa vkWfQ+l ls NqV~Vh ys dj dlkSVh lhfj;y cuk jgk FkkA oD+r de gh feyrkA dSQ+h
lkgc tc Hkh ?kj esa gksrs vkus okyksa dk flyflyk jgrk] exj 'kke gksrs gh os VsyhQ+ksu djokrs] ^xkSgj
ls dgks] lwjt Mwc x;k gS ykSV vk;sa*A csgn de cksyrs Fks blfy, eq>s ;k 'kcue dks gh cksyuk

iM+rk FkkA jkr nsj ls lksus dh vknr] dHkh dHkkj ,d vkèk tqeyk dguk] tc rd loky u iwNk
tk;s ckr dks chp esa u jksduk] bl rjg 'kke 'kq: gksrh FkhA eq>s tYn gh irk py x;k fd dSQ+h
lkgc dh jk; tkuuh gS] rks lhèkk loky iwNuk gksxkA jkr T;ksa T;ksa toku gksrh tkrh oSls oSls dSQ+h

lkgc ds tokc yacs gksrs tkrsA
tc Hkh os vyh ljnkj tkQ+jh ;k Q+St+ vgen QS+t+ ds ckjs esa ckr djrs rks mudh vk[kksa esa vthc

lh ped gksrhA tkQ+jh lkgc ls mUgsa eqgCcr Fkh] vd+hnr dh gn rd vkSj QS+t+ dh Hkh csgn bT+t+r

djrs FksA ,d fnu eSa tks'k eyhgkcknh ds ckjs esa iwN cSBk] os D;ksa pys x;s ikfdLrku] rks cksys]^HkkbZ
mudh ckr u djks] os viuh egcwck ds fy, oru NksM+ dj pys x;s vkSj ogka ft+anxh Hkj ijs'kka jgsA*

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 341

gekjh ;g ckr 'kq: gh gqbZ Fkh fd 'kcue vk x;ha vkSj cksyha fd ^dSQ+h lkgc] xkSgj Hkh fy[krs gSa]

ij Niokus dks rS;kj ughaA dSQ+h lkgc us vius uisrqys vankt+ esa dgk] ^uT+e lqukvks*A eSaus Mjrs
Mjrs ^u;k fyckl* lquk;h] nsj rd pqi jgs] fQj cksys] ^rqEgkjh 'kk;jh D;k dkyk èku gS tks Nqik dj
j[kh gS fdrkc Niokvks* eSaus dgk] ^dSQ+h lkgc] mnwZ 'kk;jh esa mLrkn lc dqN dg pqds] vkSj bruh

[+kwclwjrh ls dg pqds fd eq>s viuk dgk VkV dk iScan yxrk gSA* dqN nsj fQj [+kkeks'k jgs vkSj
cksys] ^vki dh 'kk;jh fdlh dke dh gS ;k ugha] og vPNh ;k cqjh bl dk QS+lyk i<+us okyksa ij
NksM+ nsa] 'kcue rqe Niokvks*A

'kcue dks 'kg fey x;hA os esjh uT+esa bdV~Bk djus esa yx x;haA jktdey us nsoukxjh esa
Nkius dk Q+Slyk dj fy;k] mnwZ ds ifCy'kjksa us fdrkc Nkius ds iSls ekaxsA esjk Q+Slyk Fkk fd eSa
iSls nsdj viuh fdrkc ugha Nikokm$axkA fdrkc nsoukxjh esa Nih] mnwZ jLe&my&[k+r esa vkt rd

ugha NihA fdrkc ds btjk ¼foekspu½ dk loky gqvk rks eSaus dSQ+h lkgc dks eqacbZ VsyhQ+ksu fd;k]
dSQ+h lkgc Q+kSju rS;kj gks x;sA rkjh[k+ r; gqbZ] gkWy cqd gks x;k vkSj [+kcj ;g vk;h fd dSQ+h
lkgc dh rch;r [+kjkc gSA ftruh ckj eqacbZ Q+ksu fd;k] ?kj ls dksbZ mEehnvQ+t+k tokc ugha feykA

ukeoj flag th vkSj nwljs nksLrksa ls ckr gks pqdh Fkh] bart+ke iwjs gks pqds] btjk dh rkjh[k+ djhc
vk jgh Fkh vkSj 'kcue dh ?kcjkgV c<+rh tk jgh FkhA cacbZ ls dksbZ tokc ugha] u tkus dSQ+h dSls
gSaA mu ij t+ksj Mkyuk vPNk ughaA vkf[+kjdkj fd+Ler vPNh Fkh fd vyh ljnkj tkQ+jh lkgc nsgyh

vk x;s vkSj bafM;k baVjus'kuy lasVj esa Bgjs FksA 'kcue us mu dks VsyhQ+ksu fd;kA os foekspu djus
ds fy, rS;kj gks x;s] rks dqN tku esa tku vk;hA ijs'kkuh ;g Fkh fd mnwZ esa gkFk ls fy[kk fdrkc
dk uqL[+kk rks dSQ+h lkgc dks Hkst fn;k Fkk] ml dh ,d csgn [+kjkc Q+ksVksdkWih esjs ikl Fkh vkSj tkQ+jh

lkgc ds fy, nks fnu esa fQj ls lkQ+ lkQ+ fy[kuk eqf'dy Fkk vkSj tkQ+jh lkgc nsoukxjh i<+
ugha ldrs FksA tkQ+jh lkgc dks ogh cqjh lh dkWih Hkst nhA cspkjs ls dqN i<+k x;k] dqN ugha] mUgksaus
foekspu djrs gq, f'kdk;r Hkh dh vkSj 'kk;n tks dfork mu ls i<+h x;h Fkh] ^tc /kwi dk lksuk

fi?ky pqds* lqukus dk gqDe Hkh fn;kA
cgjgky] btjk dk izksxzke py jgk Fkk] eSa jhfMax dj pqdk Fkk] ukeoj flag th cksy pqds Fks]

vpkud D;k ns[krk gwa dSQ+h lkgc viuh Oghy ps;j ij cSBs xksiky vkSj nwljs yksx mudh ps;j dks

pykrs gq, gkWy esa nkf[+ky gks jgs gSaA eSa LVst ls viuh dqlhZ NksM+ dj mu dh rjQ+ c<+k] fcydqy
fganh fQ+Ye ds vkf[+kjh lhu dh rjg FkkA vkSj eaS dkjZokbZ dks fQ+Ye dh rjg gh ns[k jgk FkkA dSQ+h
lkgc viuh xwatrh vkokt+ esa dg jgs Fks] ,d fnu 'kke dks 'kcue us crk;k] xkSgj Hkh fy[krs gSa]

exj Niokus dks jkt+h ugha gksrs] eSaus dgk] HkkbZ rqEgkjh 'kk;jh D;k dkyk èku gS tks yksxksa ls Nqik dj

j[kk gS] D;k bls x+Sjd+kuwuh rjhds+ ls gkfly fd;k gS- - -*

dSQ+h lkgc nks yksxksa dk gokbZ tgkt+ dk fVdV ysdj flQ+Z esjs fy, vk;sA viuk Hkh vkSj xksiky
dk HkhA fVdV ds iSls ysus ls badkj dj fn;kA eq>ls dgk] ^esjs xkSgj ¼vDlj os uke ds vkxs ^esjk*

yxk fn;k djrs Fks½ dh fdrkc dk btjk Fkk] fcLrjs&exZ ij Hkh gksrk rks vkrkA mnwZ esa rjD+d+hilan
'kk;jh djus okys cps gh fdrus gSa- - -A*

esjh ;k 'kcue dh muls dksbZ fj'rsnkjh ugha Fkh] dksbZ [+kkunkuh nksLrh Hkh ughaA os mez esa Hkh ge

ls cgqr cM+s FksA os gesa 1990 ls igys tkurs rd ugha Fks] u eSaus mudk dksbZ t+krh dke fd;k] u

342 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

mUgsa eq> ls dksbZ ,slh mEehn FkhA ,d lkfgck gSa] nsgyh esa cM+h gksVy dh ekfyd] dSQ+h lkgc dh
vd+hnr vkSj eqgCcr esa nhokuh] tc mUgsa irk pyrk fd dSQ+h lkgc nsgyh esa gSa rks cgqr lkjk] csgn
yt+ht+ [kkuk ys dj igqap tkrha vkSj vkdj muds lj dh ekfy'k djus ij Hkh bljkj djrha] gj ckj
bljkj djrha fd os mu ds ?kj py dj jgsaA dSQ+h lkgc muds vkus dh [+kcj lqu dj ges'kk ;g
dgrs] ^HkkbZ 'kcue] eq>s buls cpk yksA* dkSu lk fj'rk Fkk ftl dh otg ls dSQ+h lkgc gekjs ?kj
dk ekewyh [kkuk et+s ys ys dj [kkrs Fks ¼'kkSdr vkik bruk yt+ht+ [kkuk idkrh gaS fd vkneh maxfy;ka
pkVrk jg tk;sA½ dkSu lk fj'rk Fkk tks bruk cM+k 'kk;j esjh ekewyh 'kk;jh dh fdrkc dh rdjhc
esa bruh ijs'kkuh mBk dj vius gt+kjksa #i;s [+kpZ djds nsgyh rd pyk vk;k\

vxj dksbZ fj'rk Fkk rks 1978 esa fl[kksa ds d+Rysvke] 1992 esa ckcjh efLtn fxjk;s tkus vkSj
2002 ds xqtjkr ujlagkj ds f[+kykQ+ vkokt+ mBkus dk fj'rk] dksbZ fj'rk Fkk rks rjD+d+hilanh dk
Fkk] dksbZ fj'rk Fkk rks ekfDlZT+e esa ;d+hu dk Fkk] dksbZ fj'rk Fkk rks voke vkSj et+nwjksa ds nnZ dk
fj'rk Fkk vkSj vxj dksbZ fj'rk Fkk rks ,d csgrj lekt ds [+okc dk fj'rk FkkA ekfDlZT+e esa ;d+hu
dk fj'rk vDlj vVwV gh gksrk gSA muds dSalj us mudks 20 ebZ 2002 esa nx+k nh ojuk dSQ+h lkgc
bl fj'rs dks dHkh u rksM+rsA

eks- 9810358179

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 343

ukud flag

cyoar dkSj

ukud flag iatkch lkfgR; ds mu jpukdkjksa esa ls ,d gSa ftuds ys[ku us iatkch lkfgR;] [k+kl

dj iatkch miU;kl dh :ijs[kk r; djus esa cgqr cM+h Hkwfedk vnk dh gSA njvly ukud flag

,d ,sls ;qx dh iSnkb'k Fks tgka ,d rjQ+ èkeZlqèkkj vaknksyu py jgs Fks] nwljh rjQ+ Lokèkhurk ds

fy, la?k"kZ viuh pje lhek ij Fkk vkSj rhljh rjQ+ lekt o lkfgR; esa vkèkqfudrk dh vuqxwatsa

lquk;h ns jgh FkhaA ukud flag vius thou vkSj lkfgR; esa u flQ+Z bu lc vkokt+ksa ls Vdjkrs gSa

cfYd vius lkfgR; ds t+fj;s ,d u;s lekt ds fuekZ.k esa viuk ;ksxnku Hkh nsrs gSaA

ukud flag dh iSnkb'k ls yxHkx 25&30 lky igys iatkc esa Lora=krk izkfIr vkSj lnkpkj

fuekZ.k ds fy, ckck jke flag dh vxqokbZ esa pyh ^dqdk* ygj vaxzst+ 'kklu ds neu dk f'kdkj

gksdj jg x;hA ckck jke flag dks ns'k&fudkyk nsdj jaxwu esa ut+jcan dj fn;k x;kA ;g ,d ,slh

ygj Fkh tks èkk£ed mRFkku ls tqM+h gksus ds ckotwn fczfV'k gqdwer dks lhèks pqukSrh nsus okyh izkjafHkd

ygjksa esa ls ,d Fkh ftldh vuqxwat ukud flag dh iSnkb'k ds ckn rd lquh tk ldrh FkhA blds

ckn iatkc ds èkk£ed vkSj lkekftd lqèkkj vkanksyuksa esa ^flag lHkk vkanksyu* vkrk gSA bldk eq[;

y{; Hkh iatkc esa bZlkbZ èkeZ ds izpkj o izHkko dks jksduk vkSj èkkfeZd iqu#RFkku gh FkkA ij èkhjs&èkhjs

;g vkanksyu lkekftd lqèkkj ls Hkh tqM+ x;kA NqvkNwr] tkfrizFkk dk [kaMu djrs gq, bl vkanksyu

us lkekftd lerk dh LFkkiuk ds fy, Hkh egÙoiw.kZ iz;Ru fd;sA iatkch Hkk"kk vkSj f'k{kk ds

izpkj&izlkj esa bl vkanksyu us vge Hkwfedk fuHkk;hA bl vkanksyu dh egÙoiw.kZ miyfCèk Fkh 1892

esa ve`rlj esa igys [k+kylk dkWyst dh LFkkiukA 'kq#vkr esa flag lHkk vkanksyu jktuhfrd èkjkry

ij fczfV'k gqdwer ds f[k+ykQ+ ugha Fkk] ftlds dkj.k bldh vkykspuk Hkh gqbZ] ij blus vius èkk£ed]

lkekftd vkSj 'kSf{kd lqèkkjksa }kjk og Hkwfedk cuk;h ftlds QyLo:i iatkc esa jktuhfrd

tutkx`fr dk fodkl gqvkA ckn esa vaxzst+h gqdwer ds fo#) mBh ^vdkyh ygj* blh vkanksyu ls

gh izdV gqbZA HkkbZ ohj flag vkSj ukud flag tSls vkèkqfud fopkjkas okys ys[kd Hkh vius&vius le;

esa bu vkanksyuksa ls tqM+s jgsA ns[kk tk;s rks iatkch Hkk"kk vkSj lkfgR; ds vkèkqfudhdj.k dh izfØ;k

blh i`"BHkwfe esa 'kq: gksrh gSA eè;dky ds èkk£ed n`f"Vdks.k ds cjDl oSKkfud psruk dk fodkl

bu vkanksyuksa dh i`"BHkwfe esa gqvk vkSj blh i`"BHkwfe esa ukud flag tSls jpukdkj O;fDrRo dk mn;

Hkh gqvk ftlus vkxs pydj iatkch lkfgR; dks eè;dkyhu cksèk vkSj vykSfdd ?kVukvksa ds lEeksgu

ls fudky dj mls izxfr'khy fopkjksa dk tkek iguk;kA

ukud flag dk tUe 4 tqykbZ 1897 dks ,d eè;eoxhZ; iatkch fganw ifjokj ¼xkao pDd gehn]

ft+yk >sye] ikfdLrku½ esa ^galjkt* ds :i esa gqvkA firk dh e`R;q] ikfjokfjd ft+Eesokfj;ksa rFkk

vk£Fkd fLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k galjkt ikapoka tekr rd gh f'k{kk izkIr dj ldsA ij ys[ku dh 'kq#vkr

12 o"kZ dh vk;q esa gh gks x;hA laxhr vkSj cSrckt+h ds 'kkSd+ ds pyrs 13 lky dh mez esa gh mudk
du;kOk;liFaxkzg]vlhtgjuQohjhg&talwujkt¼lN;iqaDkArkdnj½v% l2y012;g@og cSrckt+h1
igyk nkSj Fkk tc iatkch esa djus dks

344 /

gh dfork eku fy;k tkrk FkkA laxhr vkSj dfork dh ;gh yxu ukud flag dh igyh izsfedk
^lkfo=kh* dh e`R;q ds mijkar ^galjkt* ds thus dk lgkjk Hkh cuhA lkfo=kh dh e`R;q ds ckn ukud
flag dks ,slk yxus yxk tSls gj jkS'ku vkSj fn[kk;h nsus okyh pht+ dks lkfo=kh dh :g vius lkFk
ys x;h gSA os fy[krs gSa% ^eSa fcydqy [k+kyh Fkk] pyrk fQjrk ,d [kksyA u esjs Hkhrj dksbZ bPNk
gh 'ks"k Fkh vkSj u fdlh pht+ esa dksbZ #fpA vkSj bl ij foMacuk ;g Fkh fd vius fny dh osnuk
eSa fdlh ls ugha dg ldrk FkkA - - - ij ,d pht+ esjs ikl ,slh Fkh ftlds lgkjs eSa iy nks iy
viuk x+e x+yr dj ldrk Fkk] vkSj ;g pht+ Fkh dfork vkSj laxhr dh yxuA tks 'kk;n lkfo=kh
gh viuh ;knxkj ds rkSj ij eq>s ns x;h FkhA* lkfo=kh dh e`R;q vkSj viuh osnuk fdlh ls lak>k u
dj ldus dh fLFkfr esa galjkt flxjsV] 'kjkc vkSj pksjh tSlh cqjh vknrksa dk Hkh f'kdkj gks x;kA
ij Kkuh ckx+ flag] tks LFkkuh; xq#}kjs ds xzaFkh Fks] mudh izsj.kk vkSj jguqekbZ ls ^galjkt* u flQ+Z
^ukud flag* cuk] cfYd èkkfeZd dV~Vjrk ds ml ifjos'k esa ,d csgrj balku dh ifjHkk"kk ls Hkh
ifjfpr gqvkA

vius x+eksa vkSj vdsysiu dh nqfu;k ls Kkuh ckx+ flag dh izsj.kk ls ckgj vkus vkSj ^'kksgjr
vkSj izflf)* dh dkeuk us lkfo=kh dh ekSr ds ckn ukud flag dks iqu% laxhr vkSj dfork dh nqfu;k
esa ykSVk fn;kA blh le; èkk£ed xhrksa dh mudh ,d fdrkc] lrxq# efgek izdkf'kr gqbZA blds
ckn ukud flag ds xq# dhjr] laxhr iq"i* vkfn dkO; laxzg Hkh izdkf'kr gq,] ij lokZfèkd
yksdfiz;rk lrxq# efgek dks gh feyhA

;g ogh le; Fkk tc iatkc esa Hkxr flag ds pkpk vthr flag dh vxqokbZ esa fo'kky fdlku
ygj mB [kM+h gqbZ vkSj pkjksa rjQ+ ckads n;ky dh dfork ^ixM+h laHkky tV~Vk ixM+h laHkky os ixM+h
laHkky rsjk yqV x;k eky osa* dh vuqxwat lquk;h ns jgh FkhA lHkh yksxksa esa cspSuh c<+ jgh FkhA yksx
jkst+h&jksVh dh ryk'k esa vkSj vkt+kn fQ+t+k esa lakl ysus ds fy, vejhdk vkSj dukMk dh rjQ+ iyk;u
dj jgs Fks tgka igqap dj muesa viuh X+kqykeh dk ,glkl vkSj vfèkd izcy gks mBkA ,sls gh cgqr
ls yksxksa us oru ykSV dj ^x+nj ikVhZ* dh uhao j[khA ukud flag us ns[kk] Lora=krk ds fy, la?k"kZ
dj jgs cgqr ls uo;qodksa dks ;k rks ekj fn;k x;k ;k fQj ^dkyk ikuh* Hkst fn;k x;k ftldk O;kid
fp=k.k ukud flag us vius miU;kl] ,d E;ku nks ryokjsa ¼1959½ esa fd;k gSA blh chp ^dkekxkrk
ek:* tgkt+ dh ?kVuk rFkk 1919 esa ^tfy;kaokyk ckx+* dh ?kVuk ds dkj.k iatkc esa vaxzst+ksa ds fo#)
tT+cs us vdkyh ygj dk :i èkkj.k dj fy;k ftlls ukud flag Hkh tqM+s jgsA tfy;kaokyk ckx+ dh
?kVuk esa ukud flag ds nksLrksa dh 'kgknr mudh yach dfork] ^[+kwuh cSlk[kh* dk lcc cu x;hA
bl dfork ds vlj ds pyrs tYn gh vaxsztksa }kjk bls izfrcafèkr dj fn;k x;kA ckn esa 1922 esa
^xq: ds ckx+ eksjps* esa 'kkfey gks ukud flag tsy Hkh x;sA 1923 esa mUgksaus ^t+[+eh fny* dfork
dh jpuk dh ftls nks g¶+rs ds Hkhrj gh vaxzstksa us izfrcafèkr dj fn;kA

jk"Vªh; Lora=krk vkanksyu esa viuh dforkvksa }kjk yxkrkj ;ksxnku nsus okys ukud flag dks
vdkyh ygj ds nkSjku fxj¶+rkj djds cksLVZy tsy Hkst fn;k x;k tgka igys ls gh 1000 vdkyh
dS+nh ekStwn FksA bUgha fnuksa ,d dkaxzslh usrk iafMr txr ukFk Hkh tsy esa gh FksA risfnd dk jksx gksus
ds dkj.k mudk tsy esa gh bykt py jgk FkkA laiUu vkSj izHkko'kkyh ?kjkus ds gksus dkj.k tsy esa
mUgsa dqN fo'ks"k lqfoèkk,a izkIr FkhaA jktuhfrd lkfgR; rks tsy esa eaxokuk laHko ugha Fkk exj vU;

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 345

lHkh izdkj dh iqLrdsa txr ukFk ds fy, miyC/k FkhaA ukud flag dk nksLrkuk iafMr txr ukFk
ls gqvk vkSj iatkch ds lokZfèkd izfl) miU;kldkj ukud flag dh cqfu;kn iM+hA iafMr txr ukFk
us ukud flag dks eqa'kh izsepan dk lkfgR; i<+us ds fy, fn;kA ukud flag ds fy, ;g fcydqy
u;k vuqHko Fkk ftlus muds thou vkSj lkfgR; dh fn'kk gh cny nhA os fy[krs gSa% ^izsepan dh
jpukvksa dks Hkys gh eSaus Lokn ysus ds fy, i<+uk vkjaHk fd;k FkkA ij Lokn ls Hkh cM+h pht+ tks eq>s
feyh] og Fkh thou ds ,d u;s ekxZ] ,d u;s y{; dh rjQ+ pyus dh izsj.kkA bl izsj.kk us eq>s
dqN bl rjg dk fo'okl fnyok fn;k fd vc rd eSa tks dqN dj jgk Fkk] og vaèksjs esa pyus ;k
gok esa ykBh Hkkatus okyh gh fØ;k FkhA esjh vkRe&n'khZ cuus dh bPNk] 'kksgjr izkIr djus dh reUuk
vkSj esjk ,d vkn'kZ balku cuus dk liuk] ;g lc dqN O;FkZ gS] tc rd eSa lkekftd ugha cu
tkrkA vkSj lkekftd cuus ds fy, eq>s izsepan ds vkn'kks± ij pyuk pkfg,A - - - izsepan dh rjg
miU;kldkj cuds vius lekt ds fy, dqN djuk pkfg,A lp ckr rks ;g gS] esjk Hktu dhrZu]
esjh iwtk vpZuk fdlh dke dh ugha vxj esjs lekt dh ogh gkyr gS tks izsepan us vius miU;klksa
esa fpf=kr dh gS vkSj tks eSa ns[krk pyk vk jgk gwaA* bl rjg ls ukud flag us izsepan dh jpukRedrk
ls og ÅtkZ izkIr dh ftlus u dsoy ukud flag cfYd iatkch lkfgR; fo'ks"k :i ls iatkch miU;kl
dh fn'kk vkSj n'kk gh cny nhA vkSj bl rjg ,d èkkfeZd dfo ;k xhrdkj ,d ;FkkFkZoknh
miU;kldkj esa cny x;kA

ukud flag iatkch ds laHkor% igys ,sls miU;kldkj Fks ftUgkasus vius miU;klksa dks O;kid

lkekftd lqèkkj dk ekè;e cuk;kA og iatkc ds 'kgjh eè;oxZ ds thou] mudh lkekftd&vk£Fkd

leL;kvksa dks vius miU;klksa dk fgLlk cukrs gSaA miU;kl ys[ku ds bl igys nkSj esa ukud flag

lkaiznkf;drk] NqvkNwr] foèkok fookg] vf'k{kk tSlh leL;kvksa ls tw>rs ut+j vkrs gSaA bl le; dk
mudk egÙoiw.kZ miU;kl ] fpVV~ k&ygw ¼lQ+sn [+kwu½ gSA gkykafd blls igys muds] erjsbZ eka ¼lkSrsyh
eka½] dky&pDdj ¼dky&pؽ] izse&laxhr] rFkk feB~Bk eksgjk ¼ehBk t+gj½ tSls pkj miU;kl izdkf'kr
gks pqds FksA ij ukud flag viuh jpuk;k=kk dh okLrfod 'kq#vkr 1929 esa fy[ks] fpV~Vk&ygw ls
gh ekurs gSA vkSj ckd+h pkj miU;kl rks mudh viuh n`f"V esa ^e'kd dh iV~Vh* gSaA vius ys[ku
ds fodklØe esa ukud flag viuh ledkyhu ygjksa tSls dkaxzslh ygj] vkSj lektoknh ygj vkfn
ls Hkh ÅtkZ xzg.k djrs gSa vkSj muds izHkkoLo:i] I;kj nh nqfu;k] x+jhc nh nqfu;k] VwVh oh.kk] rFkk
vèk f[kfM+;k Qyw ¼vèk f[kyk Qwy½ vkfn miU;klksa dh jpuk Hkh djrs gSaA gkykafd ;s miU;kl Hkh
ukud flag ds iwoZorhZ miU;klksa dh Hkkafr lqèkkjoknh <kaps esa gh jps x;s gSa] ij lqèkkjokn dk ;g <kapk
ukud flag ds vafre nkSj rd vkrs&vkrs VwV tkrk gS tc os xxu nekek ckftvks rFkk uklwj
miU;klksa esa lkekftd ifjorZu ds fy, Økafr dh odkyr djrs gSaA uklwj miU;kl dk ekLVj csyh
jke dgrk gS% ^os';k cukus okyh fQ+t+k dks [k+Re djus ds fy, iwathifr;ksa dk d+Rysvke t+:jh ugha]

cfYd budks iSnk djus okys ok;qeaMy dks gh cny nsuk pkfg, vkSj bl ok;qeaMy dks cnyus dk

rjhd+k ,d gh gS fd tgka T+;knk ikuh tek gksdj HkM+kl NksM+ jgk gks ogka ckaèk dks rksM+ dj ikuh dks

[kqyk NksM+ nsuk pkfg, rkfd ml ikuh dh enn ls t+ehu dk og lw[kk >qylk gqvk fgLlk gjk gks

lds] ftldks lfn;ksa ls ikuh dh cwan Hkh ugha feyhA vFkkZr ljek;snkjksa ls T+;knk ljek;k ys dj djksM+ksa

t+:jreanksa esa ckaV fn;k tk;s tks lfn;ksa ls isV dh fpark esa ihls tk jgs gSA*
346 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

bl :i esa ns[ksa rks ukud flag ds miU;kl vius iwoZorhZ miU;kldkjksa ls fcydqy fHkUu izdkj

ds <kaps esa jps x;s miU;kl gSaA HkkbZ ohj flag tgka vius miU;klksa esa èkk£ed izpkjd dh Hkwfedk ls
vkxs ugha c<+ ik;s] ogha eksgu flag oSn e;kZnkoknh <kaps dk vfrØe.k ugha dj ik;s] tcfd ukud
flag chloha 'krkCnh ds rhljs n'kd esa iatkch dFkk lkfgR; esa xq#er ijaijk vkSj fd+Llk dkO;ksa dh
ijaijk ds cjDl 1929 esa izdkf'kr] fpV~Vk ygw ¼lQ+sn [+kwu½ miU;kl ds ekè;e ls vkèkqfud
;FkkFkZoknh psruk dk vkxkt+ djrs gSa vkSj vafre nkSj rd vkrs&vkrs cnyko ds fy, lÙkk ifjorZu
dh ckr djus yxrs gSa vkSj iatkch lkfgR; esa izxfr'khyrk dh og Hkwfedk rS;kj dj nsrs gSa ftl

ij vkxs pydj lqfjUnj flag u:yk] tloar flag doy] lar flag ls[kksa vkSj drkZj flag nqXxy tSls
ys[kdksa dk vkxeu gksrk gSA

;g dguk x+yr u gksxk fd iatkch lkfgR; fo'ks"kdj miU;klksa dks eè;dkyhu cksèk ls eqDr

dj mls ,sfrgkfld lkekftd psruk ls laiUu djus esa ukud flag dk egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gSA ukud
flag ls igys HkkbZ ohj flag vkSj eksgu flag oSn ds miU;kl izdkf'kr gks pqds FksA fuLlansg bu nksuksa
us vkèkqfud iatkch lkfgR; dh uhao j[khA ij vykSfdd ?kVukvksa vkSj eè;dkyhu cksèk ls eqfDr

ukud flag ds miU;klksa ds }kjk gh laHko gks ldhA ukud flag ds ekè;e ls gh igyh ckj iatkch
miU;kl dks èkeZfujis{k n`f"V izkIr gqbZA ij ;g èkeZfujis{k n`f"V èkeZfojksèkh ugha] lkaiznkf;drk fojksèkh
gSA ;g n`f"V ukud flag ds bl fo'okl ls fudyh gS fd ^èkk£ed balku dHkh Hkh fQ+jd+kijLr ugha

gks ldrk ;k ;g dg yhft, tks fQ+jd+kijLr gS og èkk£ed dHkh Hkh ugha gks ldrkA* ukud flag
Hkh ,sls gh èkkfeZd Fks tks ^ekul dh tkr lcS ,dS igpkucks* esa fo'okl j[krs Fks vkSj bl vFkZ esa
ukud flag Hkkjrh; lkfgR; ds ,d ,sls jpukdkj gSa tks èkk£edrk vkSj izxfr'khyrk dks ,d nwljs

ds fojksèkh ds :i esa ugha cfYd ,d nwljs ds lg;ksxh ds :i esa ns[krs gSa] D;ksafd ukud flag ds
vuqlkj nksuksa dk è;s; ekuork gSA ;g Hkh è;ku j[kk tkuk pkfg, fd lrxq# efgek tSlh ?kj&?kj
izpfyr èkkfeZd iqLrd jpus okys ukud flag fo'kq) èkkfeZd jpuk,a fy[kuk NksM+dj ;FkkFkZoknh

jpukvksa dh rjQ+ izo`Ùk gq,A ij Kkuh ckx+ flag ds vkèkkj ij jps x;s vkn'kZ èkkfeZd ik=k fdlh
u fdlh :i esa muds T+;knkrj miU;klksa esa ns[ks tk ldrs gSaA Kkuh ckx+ flag ds fo"k; esa Lo;a ukud
flag fy[krs gSa% mudk ft+Ø dsoy ^vèkf[kyk Qwy esa gh ugha gS cfYd gj ,d miU;kl esa os dksbZ
u dksbZ :i èkkj.k djds vk;s gSa& lQ+ns [+kuw ¼fpV~Vk ygw½ esa ckck jksMw] dkypØ ¼dkypDdj½ esa lar
lkse izdk'k] dkx+t+ dh d'rh esa lqanj nkl] yoeSfjt esa ,d lkèkq] nwj&fdukjk esa fi;k:] vkSj xxa k&ty
¼xaxk&tyh½ esa ,d v[k+ckj ds laiknd ds :i esa - - -A* blh rjg mudh eka vkSj lkfo=kh Hkh fdlh

u fdlh :i esa muds dbZ miU;klksa esa ekStwn gSaA
ukud flag dk lkjk lkfgR; Hkh njvly ^euq";rk* dh ryk'k dk gh lkfgR; gSA ^euq";rk*

ij pksV djus okys gj fopkj dk ukud flag vius miU;klksa esa fojksèk djrs gSaA njvly os ekurs

gSa fd ^eSa vkSj esjk lekt] eSa vkSj esjh euq";rk] ge ,d nwljs ds lkFk blh rjg ls vHksn gSa fd dHkh
Hkh eSa buls vyx gksdj dqN lksp ugha ldrkA esjs lekt vkSj esjh euq";rk ds 'kjhj ij ;fn dksbZ
[kjksap Hkh vkrh gS rks ml dk nnZ gksuk LokHkkfod gSA* vius bl nnZ dks ukud flag us iqtkjh miU;kl
esa c[+kwch c;ku fd;k gSA iqtkjh miU;kl iatkc ds fganw&fl[k naxksa dh i`"BHkwfe ij fy[kk x;k
miU;kl gS ftlesa ukud flag u dsoy ^euq";rk* dh ryk'k djrs ut+j vkrs gSa cfYd iatkc ds

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 347

lkekftd lkaLÑfrd ifjos'k esa naxksa ds dkj.kksa dh iM+rky Hkh djrs gSaA os ekurs gSa fd iatkc ds
lkekftd&lkaLÑfrd ifjos'k esa ^fl[k vkSj fganw ,d gh isM+ dh nks 'kk[+kk,a le>s tkrs FksA* ij bUgsa
nks d+kSeksa dh ^F;ksjh* esa ckaV fn;k x;k vkSj pan lkyksa ds Hkhrj ;s yksx ,d nwljs ds tkuh nq'eu
cu x;sA ukud flag dk ekuuk gS bl lc esa ftruk nks"k vaxzst+ksa dh ^QwV Mkyks jkt djks* dh uhfr
dk jgk gS] mlls cM+k gkFk ml le; dh nks uotUeh ygjksa&;kuh ^vk;Z lekt* vkSj ^flag lHkk*
vkanksyu dk Hkh gS ftUgksaus vius&vius èkeZlqèkkj ds uke ij nwljs èkeks± ij dhpM+ mNkyus ls Hkh ijgst+
ugha fd;kA lekt esa bu vkanksyuksa ds ;ksxnku dks Lohdkj djrs gq, Hkh ukud flag ;g dgus ls
ugha fgpfdpkrs fd budh x+yfr;ksa dh otg ls ^fganw vkSj fl[k nks d+kSesa cu x;haA* muds chp ds
ikfjokfjd&lkekftd lacaèk VwV x;sA blds ckn 1947 ds foHkktu us rks ukud flag dks fcydqy
fgyk dj j[k fn;kA mudh ekufld fLFkfr fLFkj u jg ldhA ns'k vkSj lekt dh bl fLFkfr dks
js[kkafdr djrs gq, ukud flag us 1947 ls 1950 ds chp [+kuw ds lkfs gys ¼[+kwu ds 'kksys½] vx nh
[k<s + ¼vkx dk [ksy½] e>èkkj] rFkk fp=kdkj tSls pkj miU;klksa dh jpuk dhA bl rjg ukud flag
us lekt ds ohHkRl o f?kukSus psgjs dk fp=k.k vius miU;klksa esa fd;k] ij bl fp=k.k ds fy, ukud
flag us fdlh ^okn fo'ks"k dks viuk ekè;e ugha cuk;k* cfYd os rks ;g ekurs gSa fd lekt dk
ohHkRl psgjk mtkxj djus ds fy, mUgsa ^fdlh ^okn* dh] ;k fdlh fo'ks"k ikVhZ dk >aMk daèks ij j[k
dj viuk dke* djus dh dksbZ t+:jr gh ugha- - - D;ksafd jpukdkj dh ys[kuh esa gh bruh rkd+r
gksrh gS fd og viuh jpuk }kjk lekt dks fn'kkghu gksus ls vkSj vkus okys [k+rjksa ls lkoèkku dj
ldrk gSA jpuk ds }kjk laiw.kZ lekt dk dk;kdYi Hkys gh u fd;k tk lds] ij lekt ds lkèkkj.k
euq";ksa dks d+ye ds t+fj;s vlkèkkj.k ik=k cuk dj lekt ds fy, vkn'kZ rks izLrqr fd;k gh tk
ldrk gSA ukud flag dh d+ye dh blh 'kfDr dks cyjkt lkguh Hkh Lohdkj djrs gSaA vius ,d
i=k esa os fy[krs gSa% ^vkidh d+ye esa dksbZ cM+k [k+rjukd lk tknw gSA eSaus fdrkcksa esa i<+k gS fd
egku jpukdkjksa dh d+ye esa vthc lh df'k'k gksrh gS ij bldk izR;{k izek.k vc feyk gSA - -
- vki O;fDr dks cqjh rjg viuk vlhj cuk ysrs gksA 'kqØ gS] eSa L=kh t+kr ugha] ojuk esjk ^L=khozr
èkeZ* t+:j [k+rjs esa iM+ tkrkA*

dguk x+yr u gksxk fd ukud flag ds miU;kl chloha lnh ds iatkc ds bfrgkl ds os iUus
gaS ftlds ek è;e ls lepw s ita kc ds thou dks tkuk o n[s kk tk ldrk gAS ita kch lkfgR; fo'k"s kdj
miU;klksa dks ukud flag ds ekè;e ls gh igyh ckj èkeZfujis{k n`f"V izkIr gqbZ vkSj lkèkkj.k euq";
dk lkèkkj.k thou miU;klksa dk fo"k; cukA

eks-% 09868892723

1- cSarckt+h ijaijkxr dfork dk ,d :i gSA tks fd+Llk dkO; ¼vk[;ku½ ds :i esa iatkch esa vkèkqfud
dky ls igys izpfyr FkhA

348 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

jkefdadj cSt

o"kkZ nkl

gekjs ns'k esa ew£rdyk ;ksa rks vfr izkphu dyk jgh gS] xqQkvksa vkSj eafnjksa esa blsds i;kZIr izek.k
feyrs gSaA bruk gh ugha ;s ew£r;ka lkSan;Zcksèk ds ekunaM ij Hkh mRÑ"V dyk gh ekuh tk;saxhA ysfdu
Hkkjrh; ledkyhu dyk dks ns[kas rks fp=kdkjksa dh rqyuk esa ew£rdkj de ik;s tkrs gSaA iRFkj vkSj
èkkrq ls ew£r;ka cukus okys dgrs gSa fd lkexzh egaxh gS] izfØ;k esa 'kkjhfjd ifjJe cgqr vfèkd
gSA fp=kksa dh vis{kk ew£r;ksa ds [k+jhnkj de ik;s tkrs gSaA izn'kZuh ds fy, fp=kksa dks ,d txg ls
nwljh txg ys tkuk vklku gS ysfdu ew£r;ksa dks ys tkuk cgqr eqf'dy gSA ,d rks mudk ot+u
vkSj nwljk rksM+QksM+ dk MjA

chloha 'krkCnh ds ,d cstksM+ ew£rdkj jkefdadj cSt ¼1906&1980½ ds thou vkSj dk;Z dks
ns[ksaA mudk tUe 25 ebZ 1906 ds fnu if'pe caxky ds ckadqM+k esa gqvk FkkA ifjokj dh lkekftd
vkSj vk£Fkd fLFkfr det+ksj FkhA ckadqM+k ds gLrf'kYi vkSj yksddyk :i dkQ+h le`) FksA ckadqM+k
dk feêh dk ?kksM+k dkQ+h fo[;kr gks x;k gSA dkWVst baMLVªht+ ,Eiksfj;e dk ^yksxks* ;gh ?kksM+k gSA
jkefdadj cpiu ls gh xkao ds dykdkjksa vkSj gLrf'kfYi;ksa ls mudk gquj lh[kus yxs FksA os
NksVh&NksVh ew£r;ka vkSj fp=k cukus yxs FksA mu fnuksa ekWMuZ fjO;w vkjS izcklh uke dh if=kdk,a
fudyrh Fkha ftuds laiknd Fks jkekuan pVthZA mUgksaus jkefdadj ds Hkhrj ds dykdkj dh izfrHkk
dks igpkuk vkSj muds firkth dh vkKk ysdj jkefdadj dks 'kkafrfudsru HkstkA ;g lu~ 1925 dh
ckr gSA ogka mUgsa vkpk;Z uanyky cksl dk ekxZn'kZu feykA mudh fodkl ;k=kk 'kq: gqbZA

jkefdadj ds izkjafHkd fp=kksa esa vcuhanzukFk Bkdqj] vCnqj jgeku pqx+rkbZ dh 'kSyh dk izHkko cgqr
Li"V fn[kk;h nsrk gSA ;s fp=k dkxt+ ij tyjaxksa ls fd;s x;s FksA gkykafd muds ml le; ds
js[kkfp=kksa esa Hkh 'kSfy;ksa vkSj fo"k;ksa dk oSfoè; ik;k tkrk gSA

jkefdadj ds thou dk yack le; 'kkafrfudsru esa chrkA ;gka dk ifjos'k mudh izÑfr ds
vuqdwy FkkA ijaijk] yksd vkSj vkèkqfud dykvksa ,oa dykdkj dh viuh vkarfjd lw>] mudh
Hkkokdqyrk vkSj eLrh] bu lc dk vn~Hkqr lfEeJ.k mudh Ñfr;ksa esa ik;k tkrk gSA blh lfEeJ.k
ls mudh viuh fof'k"V 'kSyh cuh] ,slh 'kSyh tks f'kYi dkS'ky vkSj t+ehu ls tqM+h ladYiuk dh mit
Fkh] tks vke vkneh ds vke thou ls tqM+h gqbZ FkhA bl 'kSyh ds dkj.k ;FkkFkZ ,d u;s Lo:i esa izLrqr
gksrk FkkA ;g 'kSyh mudk gLrk{kj ;k igpku cu x;h FkhA bl fl)gLr dykdkj us viuh Ñfr;ksa
ls cgqrksa dks muds izfr vkÑ"V fd;k FkkA

'kkafrfudsru ds mÙkjk;.k ladqy esa lheasV daØhV ls cuk ,d cM+k f'kYi gS ^laFkky ifjokj*A
[kqys vkdk'k ds uhps èkjrh ij [kM+h bl ew£r dks 1938 esa cuk;k x;k FkkA bl ew£r esa laFkky
ifr&iRuh gSaA iRuh us ,d gkFk ls flj ds Åij j[kh Vksdjh dks idM+k gS vkSj nwljs gkFk esa vius
f'k'kq dks fy;k gSA mlds ifr ds daèks ij dkaoM+ gS] ftlds ,d iyMs+ esa ckyd cSBk gS vkSj nwljs

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @ 349