NP-Jan-Jun-2012

eqLdjkdj*] vkjS fjdk£MLV us ^t+jk Åpa k* ckys us ds fy, dgkA
euaS s >q>a ykdj Q.kh&nk ls dgk] ^vc Vds dhft,] fcydqy Bhd vk;xs kA*
^gk]a gk]a Vds ]* Q.kh&nk us QV lger gkrs s gq, dgkA ^Lokeh] eds vi Bhd djks lkgc dk!*
Lokeh us fQj ikmMj dk iMS ejs s pgs js ij fQjkuk 'kq: fd;kA d+k;ns ds vuqlkj mlus lc Bhd

fd;k Fkkdµ Birq yh dh rjgA ij mleas ejs k viuk dNq Hkh ugha FkkA ejs h ml fnu okyh eLrkuh vnk
irk ugha dgka x+k;c gks x;h FkhA ejs k [k+;ky Fkk fd Q.kh&nk ejs h vkykps uk djxas ]s eq>s MkVa xas As ij
mUgkuas s ge's kk dh rjg cM+h rlYyh ls ulokj dh pqVdh ukd eas p<+krs gq, dgk] ^ojS h xqM 'kkVW !
vk-s d-s A* muds vk-s d-s dgus ij LVfw M;ks dh vkjs ls nks ckj lhfV;ka ctk;h x;hAa lc ykxs ejs s lkFk
gkFk feykrs gq, eq>s eqckjdckn nus s yx]s D;kfas d fQ+Yekas eas ;g ejs k lcls igyk Dykts +&vi FkkA
Q.kh&nk us ejs s ,dkmVa eas jlxqYys exa okdj lcdks ckVa As lHkh i'z kla k dj jgs FkAs eaS cgqr gjS ku gks
jgk FkkA eq>s irk Fkk fd os >Bw h i'z kla k dj jgs gAaS ij D;k\as vkf[k+j D;k\as eq>s cM+h my>u gks jgh
FkhA

;g Hkh ^rek'ks dh nqfu;k* dk ,d jkt+ g]S tks ikBdkas dks /khj&s èkhjs le> vk;xs kA
gk]a os >Bw h i'z kla k dj jgs FkAs LVfw M;ks dh nqfu;k eas dkbs Z fdlh ds vkxs lp ugha ckys rkA lc
,d&nlw js ds eqga ij mldh i'z kla k vkjS ihB ds ihNs funa k djrs gAaS ckgj ds ykxs kas dks ;g ckr cgqr
cqjh yxrh gAS ij vna j okykas dks bldk cgqr lgkjk gAS fQ+Ye ykbu eas fdlh dks ekufld rkjS ij
lqj{kk ulhc ugha gAS lHkh Nykokas ds lgkjs thrs gAaS lHkh viu&s vius liukas ds cqycqykas eas jgrs gAaS
os ,d&nlw js dk cqycqyk rkMs +uk ugha pkgrAs ;g ,d rjg ls ikjLifjd lgkuqHkfw r dk fn[kkok gAS
eku yhft, fd ml Dykts +&vi ds ckn fdlh ,d vkneh us Hkh lgh ckr ejs s eqag ij dg nh gkrs h]
rks ejs k gklS yk 'kk;n ge's kk ds fy, VVw tkrk] vkjS vxys fnu eq>ls dke gh u gkrs kA
ml fnu eaS flj eas nn]Z dej eas ihM+k] vkjS Vkxa kas eas Vhlsa yds j ?kj ykVS kA deS js us eq>s cgqr l[+rh
ls viuk vfLrRo vuqHko djk fn;k FkkA eaS tku x;k Fkk fd mlls c[s k+cj ugha gqvk tk ldrkA
ml Dykts +&vi] vkjS mlds ckn ckVa s x;s jlxqYykas us ^HkkbZ ykxs k*as ¼,DLVkª vk½as dks vglkl djk
fn;k fd eaS mueas ls ugha FkkA ejs k ^jfuxa jkys * ¼yca k ikVZ ½ FkkA ,dk,d eq>ls mudh ckrphr cna
gks x;hA os ejs s fy, vutch gks x;As viuh nqfu;k ls mUgkuas s eq>s fudky fn;kA
os fnu vkjS vkt dk fnu] eq>s fQj dHkh ,dLVkª vkas dh nqfu;k eas >ka dus dh vkt+knh ugha feyhA
euaS s lkps k Fkk fd fQ+Yeh nqfu;k eas Åpa &uhp dh nhokjas ugha gAaS fdruh cM+h Hkyw Fkh ejs h! fQ+Ye bMa LVhª
eas rks pIi&s pIis ij nhokjas [kM+h gAaS lekt ds vU; {k=s kkas eas ;s nhokjas 'kk;n b±V&iRFkj dh cuh gqbZ gkxas h]
ij fgna h fQ+Yekas dh nqfu;k eas ;s QkyS kn dh cuh gqbZ gAaS
vxyk 'kkVW ghjkbs u] Lo.kyZ rk ds lkFk FkkA mUgkuas s ejs s lkFk fjglyZ djus ls gh budkj dj fn;kA
'kkVW eas os ckys rh ejs s lkFk Fkh]a ij n[s krh deS js dh vkjs FkhAa ftruh njs os lVS ij jgh]a mUgkuas s eq>s
,ls s egllw djk;k tlS s eaS fdlh xna h vkjS Hk;kud chekjh dk ejht+ g]aw ftls dkbs Z Nuw k u pkgrk gkAs
fdruh ehBh vkjS lq[kn Fkh og ,DLVkª vkas dh nqfu;k] ftleas ls eaS fudkyk x;k Fkk! og nqfu;k]
ftleas gj dxa ky fuekrZ k cuus ds lius n[s krk Fkk] dgkfu;ka fy[krk Fkk] viuh yca h fujk'kkvkas dks
jxa &fcjxa h xnas cukdj mNky ldrk FkkA vkjS fdruk viuRo Fkk ml nqfu;k e!as ml vuqHko dks eSa

100 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

Hkyw ugha ldrkA mls eaS ge's kk cM+s I;kj ls ;kn djrk gAaw
nsoèkj gkWy] tgka bIVk ¼bafM;u ihiYt+ fFk;sVj ,lksfl,'ku½ dh fjglZysa gqvk djrh Fkha]

^ixz fr'khy y[s kd l?a k* dh xkfs "B;kas dk dnas z Hkh FkkA ixz fr'khy y[s kd l?a k us ixz froknh fopkjkas dks
dgka rd Q+k;nk igqpa k;k gS vkjS dgka rd uqd+lku] bldk eaS vkt rd fglkc ugha yxk ldk gAaw
mudh cBS dkas eas dqN ,d l;kus vkjS vPNs fny ds ftu O;fDr;kas ls ejs k ifjp; gqvk] mueas ,d
Fks v;cw [kk+ fµa QY+ eh vfHkurs k fnyhi deq kj ds cMs+ HkkbtµZ ks vc bl lla kj eas ugha gASa

v;cw if'peh <xa ds fyckl ds ctk; nfw èk;k lQ+sn lyokj&deht+ iguus ds 'kkdS +hu FkAs n[s kus
eas cM+s lq'khy vkjS det+kjs &ls yxrs FkAs cpiu ls gh lgs r det+kjs jgh FkhA ekVs s dkpa dh ,us d
yxkrs Fk]s ftleas ls gj pht+ dks cM+s è;ku vkjS gjS kuh ls n[s krs Fk]s tlS s Mj gks fd lla kj dks n[s kus
ds fy, muds ikl vfèkd le; ugha gAS muds ekVs &s ekVs s gkBas kas eas ls gla h bl rjg QVw rh Fkh] tlS s
os fdlh ,d ckr ij ugh]a ijw s lla kj ij gla jgs gkAas muds L;kg&dkys cky l?ku vkjS ?kq?a kjkys Fks ftUgas
os cgqr loa kj dj j[krs FkAs lkfgfR;d cBS dkas ds ml okrkoj.k eas mudh LoPNrk vkjS fu;eijk;.krk
vuk;kl gh gj fdlh dk è;ku viuh vkjs [khpa yrs h FkhA 'kk;n ;gh ckr gekjh nkLs rh dk cqfu;knh
dkj.k cuhA

v;cw dk ?kj Hkh ikyh fgy ij Fkkpµ rs u ds ?kj ds fcydyq utn+ hdA muds firk dQS k+ Ms Z ekdVZs
eas Qykas dk O;kikj djrs FkAs ,d vjls ls i's kkoj ls vkdj cca bZ eas cls gq, FkAs cgqr xkjS ooku] mnkj
vkjS feyulkj cqtqxZ FkAs mudk ifjokj ijw h rjg ita kch&jgu&lgu dk ikcna FkkA os v;cw dks cgqr
I;kj djrs FkAs v;cw ;|fi vius Hkkb;kas eas nlw js uca j ij Fk]s fQj Hkh firk mUgas viuk lykgdkj
vkjS ennxkj ekurs FkAs ijnls e]as tgka dk nkuk&ikuh eq>s ijw h rjg jkl ugha vk;k Fkk] vkjS
ijk;kiu&lk egllw gkrs k Fkk] v;cw dk ?kj ejs s fy, ,d ,ls k LFkku Fkk] tgka eq>s viuRo dk vglkl
gkrs k FkkA

mu fnukas ;qlqQ+ ¼fnYkhi dqekj½ us fQ+Yekas eas vHkh d+ne j[kk gh FkkA ckca s Vkdht+ dh fQ+Ye]
Tokj&HkkVk eas os ghjks dk jkys dj jgs FkAs v;cw fnyhi ls pkj lky cM+s FkAs fnyhi ls NkVs s Fk]s ukflj
[k+ka ftudh nos vkuna ls cgqr vPNh nkLs rh FkhA

,d fnu] 'kk;n vCckl ds dgus ij] fQ+fYeLrku okykas us tqcnS k ukVd ds dykdkjkas dks ypa
ij cqyk;kA ogka uhfru ckls et+njw uked fQ+Ye 'kq: djus okys FkAs ftu ykxs kas us ;g fQ+Ye n[s kh
g]S os ejs s lkFk lger gkxsa s fd vkt rd fgna qLRkku eas ftruh Hkh ;FkkFkoZ knh fQ+Yeas cuh g]aS et+njw mueas
igys uca j ij vkrh gAS fdlh vkjS fQ+Ye eas euaS s ox&Z l?a k"kZ dks bruh rh{.krk ls i's k fd;k x;k ugha
n[s kkA fdl idz kj itaw hifr gj lHa ko rjhd+s ls et+njw kas eas QVw Mkyrs g]aS eè;oxZ ds <qyeqy ;d+hu dks
feVV~ h eas ls mBkdj 'kh'kegy eas cBS k nrs s g]aS rkfd og viuh vkRek cps dj] et+njw kas dk [kuw plw us
e]as ekfydkas dh enn dj(as fQj fdl idz kj èkeZ vkfn ds uke ij et+njw kas dks x+yr jkLrs ij Mkyk tkrk
g]S vkjS etn+ jw kas ds lPps urs kvkas dks ekj Mkyus rd ls lda kps ugha fd;k tkrk;µ s lkjh ckras bruh
Li"Vrk ls bl fQ+Ye eas fn[kk;h x;h Fkha fd mlds fuekrZ k [kqn mlls cts +kj gks mBs FkAs dbZ 'kgjkas
eas ;g fQ+Ye cgqr ykds fi;z gkus s ij Hkh flues kvkas eas ls gVk yh x;h FkhA eq>s ,d nkLs r us crk;k
fd dkuiqj eas vxa tsz + fMIVh dfe'uj us vius djkMs +ifr fgnqLrkuh njckfj;kas ds t+kjs nus s ij bls
rhlj&s pkFS ks fnu flues k ls gVk fn;k Fkk] ftldh cnkyS r flues k ds ekfyd dks dkQ+h uqd+lku mBkuk

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 101

iM+k FkkA
ml t+ekus eas cxa ky eas fcey jk; gejkgh cuk jgs Fk]s ftleas itaw hoknh O;oLFkk ds f[k+ykQ+

dVw &dVw dj O;Xa ; Hkjk gqvk FkkA ij fcey jk; vra rd ;FkkFkoZ kn dks fuHkk ldus eas lQy ugha
gks ik;s FkAs gejkgh ds ghjk&s ghjkbs u Hkh] tlS k fd U;w fFk;Vs j dh fQ+Yekas eas ikz ;% gqvk djrk Fkk] vfa re
n'` ; eas njw f{kfrt dh vkjs tkrs gq, fn[kk;h nrs s g]aS ekuks lla kj dh leL;kvkas dk gy fd+Ler ij
NkMs + fn;k x;k gkAs ij et+njw fQ+Ye eas ,ls s Nk;kokn dk lgkjk ugha fy;k x;k FkkA u gh itaw hifr
dh cVs h ds lkFk ghjks dh 'kknh djkdj 'kjs vkjS cdjh dks ,d gh ?kkV ij ikuh fiyk;k x;k Fkk] vkjS
u gh ihfM+rk&as 'kkfs "krkas dks [kqn viuh ml gkyr dk ft+Eens kj Bgjk;k x;k FkkA blds myV] cgqr lkQ+
rkjS ij dgk x;k Fkk fd et+njw kas dh HkykbZ dk jkLrk dos y mudh ,drk eas g]S ftldh enn ls os
itaw hoknh O;oLFkk dks rkMs +dj ykxs kas dks lektokn ds jkLrs ij yk ldrs gAaS

uhfru ckls 'kk;n pkgrs Fks fd bu ixz fr'khy fopkjkas okyh fQ+Ye eas dke djus okys dykdkj
Hkh ixz fr'khy fopkjkas okys O;fDr gkAas vkjS 'kk;n blhfy, mUgkuas s tqcnS k ukVd okykas dks [kkus ij
cqyk;k FkkA

tc xkjs xs koa tkus okyh xkM+h idM+us ds fy, ge ckna kz LV's ku ij igqpa ]s rks irk ugha dgka ls
?kew r&s fQjrs gq, ukflj [k+ka nos vkuna ls vk feyAs gekjh Vkys h eas lHkh O;fDr nos ls cM+s Fks vkjS
prs u ds nkLs r FkAs nos lHkh ls 'kjek jgs FkAs mUgkuas s ukflj dks t+cnLZ rh vius lkFk ys fy;kA

ml [kkus dk urhtk cgqr vthc fudykA uhfru ckls dks geeas ls rks dkbs Z Hkh ila n ugha vk;k]
ij ukflj [k+ka dk]s tks ;aw gh gekjs lkFk py iM+s Fk]s mUgkuas s vxys fnu LVfw M;ks eas cqykdj ghjks dk
jkys ns fn;kA ftUgkuas s og fQ+Ye n[s kh g]S os tkurs gaS fd ukflj [k+ka us fey&euS ts j dk jkys fdl
[kcw h ls vnk fd;k g]S gkykfa d vfHku;&dyk dk mUgas dkbs Z Kku ugha FkkA blls u flQ+Z uhfru ckls
ds cf<+;k fun'Zs kd gkus s dk lcrw feyrk g]S cfYd ;g Hkh idz V gkrs k gS fd lgh dykdkj dk pquko
fdlh Hkh fQ+Ye ;k ukVd ds lQy cuus ds fy, igyh 'krZ gAS

[k+Sj] ml le; rks gekjs vna j b"Z ;kZ vkjS fujk'kk tkxus ls u jg ldhA [k+kldj nos dks rks gj
le; mBr&s cBS r]s [kkr&s ihrs gq, fQ+Yekas ds lius fn[kk;h nus s yxAs os vius nkLs r ls ihNs ugha jguk
pkgrs FkAs

ukflj [k+ka ds bl idz kj ghjks cu tkus dks fd+Ler tkxus okyh ckr gh dgk tk ldrk g]S D;kfas d
gekjs n's k eas ykxs kas dks fd+Ler eas cgqr xgjk fo'okl gAS ij bl flyflys eas ,d ckr eaS t+:j dgxaw kA
vius chl lky ds fQ+Yeh thou eas euaS s flQ+Z eè;oxZ ds ykxs kas dh gh fd+Ler dks tkxrs gq, n[s kk
g]S et+njw oxZ dh fd+Ler dks tkxrs gq, dHkh ugha n[s kkA et+njw rks tlS s egs ur djus vkjS Hk[w kkas ejus
ds fy, gh fQ+Ye ykbu eas vk;s gAaS gk]a eè;oxZ dk O;fDr t+:j ;g vk'kk djrk gS fd dHkh u
dHkh dkbs Z ljijLr ml ij egs jcku gkxs k] vkjS mldh lkbs Z gqbZ fd+Ler tkx mBxs hA

dqN vjls ds ckn gekjs fy, Hkh ,ls s gh 'kqHk volj vk;As iF` ohjkt dijw us viuk ^iF` oh fFk;Vs j*
[kkys k] ftleas vt+jk eqerkt+ vkjS ne;ra h nkus kas dks dke feykA ne;ra h dks vc ikpa lkS #i;s ekgokj
feyus yxs Fk]s tks fd ml t+ekus eas cgqr vPNh vkenuh dgh tk ldrh FkhA geus >V tgw w dh
fFk;kls kfs Q+dy dkyW kus h eas ,d NkVs k lk cxa yk fdjk;s ij ys fy;k] ;|fi mldk fdjk;k gekjh gfS l;r
ls dqN T+;knk FkkA

102 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

vkt ds vkjS ml t+ekus ds tqgw eas t+ehu vkleku dk Q+d+Z gAS mu fnukas ogka T+;knk vkcknh
ugha FkhA dqN ,d vehj ykxs kas ds cxa ykas ds vfrfjDr vfèkdk'a k ?kj ukfj;y ds iÙkkas ds cus gq, Fk]s
ftUgas ^'kdS * dgk tkrk FkkA ch-b-Z ,l-Vh- dh clas vHkh ogka pyuh 'kq: ugha gqbZ FkhAa mudh txg
uhys jxa dh NkVs h&NkVs h clas pyk djrh FkhAa os dk;s ys dh xlS ls pyrh FkhAa cgqr QVhpj fd+Le
dh l£ol Fkh mudh] o"kkZ ds fnukas eas mudk jkLrs eas gh #d tkuk vke&lh ckr FkhA

gekjh bIVk dh ljx£e;ka fnu&ifz rfnu c<+rh tk jgh FkhAa jkts + 'kke dks nos ?kj gkyW eas fjglyZ as
gkrs hAa ge Hkkx&nkMS + djrs gq, dHkh puhZ jkMs vkjS dHkh xkz Va jkMs LV's ku ls ukS cts dh ykds y&xkM+h
idM+r]s tks nl cts lkra kØtw + igpqa rh FkhA vxj og ,d feuV Hkh yVs gks tkrh rks vkf[k+jh cl fudy
tkrhA cl okys ,us ekdS +s ij eqlkfQ+jkas dks vxa Bw k fn[kkdj cl ys tkrAs ,ls k djus eas mUgas tlS s et+k
vkrk FkkA g¶+rs eas de ls de nks ckj rks t+:j geas lkra kØtw + ls inS y pydj tqgw tkuk iM+rk FkkA
yxHkx nks ehy dk Q+klyk Fkk ogA jkLrs eas geas Hk[w k lrk jgh gkrs hA ml Hk[w k dks fdlh gn rd
'kkra djus ds fy, ge Hkqus gq, pukas ;k exaw Qyh dh vku&s nk&s vkus okyh iqfM+;k [k+jhn yrs As LV's kukas
ij ;s pht+s vke fcdrh FkhAa ;s pht+as ,d rks lLrh gkrs h]a nlw js bUgas pckrs gq, mdrkgV njw gkrs hA
,d ckj d'` u pna j dks pus pckus dh ,ls h cqjh vknr iM+h fd muds eqga eas Nkys iM+s jgrs FkAs

prs u] mek vkjS nlw js dbZ nkLs r dgrs fd gekjk bruh njw jguk e[w krZ k gAS bleas dkbs Z 'kd ugha
fd tgka cknkz ls ppxZ Vs igqpa us eas vkèkk ?kVa k yxrk Fkk] ogka tqgw ls ppxZ Vs igqpa us eas yxHkx ,d
?kVa k yx tkrk FkkA vxj eaS fglkc yxkÅa fd ?kj ls 'kgj tku&s vkus eas euaS s viuh ft+anxh dk fdruk
le; cca bZ eas cjckn fd;k gS rks fny ngy mBAs ij tqgw eas leqnz dk viuk vkuna FkkA igys fnu
ls gh gekjk leqnz ds lkFk ,ls k ekgs gks x;k Fkk fd tqgw NkMs +dj cca bZ eas fdlh vkjS txg jguk geas
eta jw ugha FkkA lqcg gekjs nkus kas cPps vius gkFkkas eas NkVs h&NkVs h ckfYV;ka idM+dj ekghfxjkas ls viuk
VDS l olyw djus ds fy, Hkkx mBrs FkAs dds M+kas dks fcykas eas ls fudkydj viuh vxa qfy;kas eas mBk;s
fQjuk mudk [k+kl 'kkdS Fkk] 'kcue rks thfor eNfy;kas dks [kk tkrh FkhA geas Hkh leqnz dh ygjkas
eas rjS us dk et+k vkrk FkkA eaS le>rk gaw fd ftrus lky geus 'kgj ls njw gkus s ds dkj.k] vku&s tkus
eas cjckn fd;s g]aS mrus lky ,ls h lgs rena txg ij jgdj viuh ft+anfx;kas eas tkMs + Hkh fy;s gAaS
euq"; dh vkRek] lhfer gkus s ds dkj.k] vlhe dh ;kpd gS vkjS leqnz eas ls vlhe dh ;g Hkkouk
ikz Ir gks ldrh gAS gekjk ?kj fcydqy leqnz ds rV ij FkkA lqcg gkrs s gh ygjkas dh vkokt+ geas cqykus
yxrh vkjS ge uxa s ikoa leqnz dh vkjs nkMS + iM+rAs

xkèa khth dks Hkh leqnz ls cgqr I;kj FkkA tys ls fjgk gkus s ij os dqN le; tqgw ij vkdj jgs
FkAs lqcg&'kke] ena &ena cgrh gqbZ ygjkas eas muds fy, dqlhZ j[k nh tkrh] vkjS os ml ij cBS dj ygjkas
eas ikoa Mqcks nrs ]s vkjS njs rd vius fopkjkas eas [kk;s s jgrAs ogka jrs ij Vgyrs gq, ge I;kjys ky] MkDVj
lq'khyk uk;j] ehjk cus vkjS vU; dbZ eq[; O;fDr;kas dks n[s krAs ge njw ls gh mUgas gljr&Hkjh ut+jkas
ls fugkjrAs rc geas os fnu ;kn vkr]s tc geas Hkh vkJeoklh gkus s dk lkHS kkX; ikz Ir FkkA ge muds
ikl tkdj mUgas feyuk pkgrs FkAs ij LokfHkeku btkt+r u nrs k] D;k irk vc os gekjs lkFk dlS k
lydw djAas ij ,d fnu eq> ls jgk u x;k vkjS euaS s ckiw ls feyus dh vkdk{a kk idz V djrs gq,
mUgas ,d i=k fy[k MkykA eq>s irk Fkk fd og i=k mu rd igqpa us ds igys dbZ vkjS O;fDr;kas dh
ut+jkas ds uhps ls Hkh xqt+jxs kA eq>s mÙkj dh cgqr de vk'kk FkhA ,d fnu ehjk cus gekjh dkykus h

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 103

ds fcydqy ut+nhd vkdj [kM+h gqb±A gekjh ut+js feyhAa mUgkuas s geas igpku fy;kA igys rks os cgqr
fLuXèkrk ls ckys h]a fQj ,dk,d mudk jo;S k cny x;kbµ ruk T;+ knk fd e>q s vius i=k dk ftØ+
djus dk Hkh lkgl u gqvkA

eq>s fo'okl Fkk fd xkèa kh th ejs k vkjS nEeks ¼ne;ra h½ dk los kvkJe NkMs +dj ch-ch-lh-eas dke
djus ds fy, bXa yMaS tkuk ekQ+ dj ldrs FkAs ;g Hkh rks lp Fkk fd ge mudh lykg ls gh yna u
ds fy, jokuk gq, Fk]s ;|fi og lykg mUgkuas s ijw s fny ls ugha nh Fkh] ij muds vU; lkfFk;kas dk
geas ekQ+ djuk vlHa ko Fkk] D;kfas d gekjs tkus ds ckn mUgas dbZ eqlhcrkas dk lkeuk djuk iM+k FkkA
ge t+jk&lh Hkh f'kdk;r djus ds yk;d+ ugha FkAs

ge bruh T+;knk vkReXykfu ds f'kdkj Hkh ugha FkAs xkèa kh th ds ifz r gekjh J)k bruh xgjh
Fkh fd mldk mYy[s k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA [kk+ldj nEeks dks rks cki]w dLrjw ck] vk'kk&nh vkjS
vk;eZ na k ls cfs glkc I;kj feyk FkkA ij xkèa khokn ij ls gekjk fo'okl dkQ+h gn rd mB x;k FkkA
;g Bhd gS fd ge vius n's k dh vkt+knh ds fy, yM+s ugha Fk]s tys kas eas ugha x;s Fk(s ij vufxur
jkras geus cekas dh ckfj'k ds uhps xqt+kjh FkhAa geus ekrS ds Hk;kud okrkoj.k eas fnu fcrk;s Fk]s geus
pkj lky ml ;jw kis eas xqt+kjs Fks tgka yk[kk&as djkMs +kas ykxs ;q) ds f'kdkj gq, Fk]s vkjS tgka ukft+;kas us
funk"Zs k ;gfw n;kas dh pefM+;kas ls yES ikas ds 'kMs cukdj i'S kkfpdrk dk u;k fjdkMW Z d+k;e fd;k FkkA
geas fo'okl gks x;k Fkk fd oreZ ku ;qx dh Økfa rdkjh fopkjèkkjk xka èkhokn ds ctk; ekDloZ kn gAS
flQ+Z ekDloZ knA vkjS ;g fo'okl vkt rd et+crw gh gkrs k vk;k gAS

dyk vkjS lkfgR; eas ;FkkFkoZ kn dh f'k{kk eq>s dkyW ts eas vxa tsz +h lkfgR; ds vè;;u ls feyh FkhA
euaS s mlds bfrgkl dk vè;;u djrs gq, ;g ckr tkuh Fkh fd ;jw kis eas ;FkkFkoZ kn ls igys ds ;qx
dh dyk eas yca kb&Z pkMS +kbZ rks gkrs h Fkh] ij xgjkbZ ugha gkrs h Fkh] tks dyk dk rhljk vk;ke gAS ^jus ls kUl*
dyk eas rhljk vk;ke yk;k FkkA

;FkkFkoZ kn dh fo'k"s krk gS fd og dyk eas rhljk vk;ke ykrk gAS
euaS s vius LVts vkjS fQ+Ye ds vfHku; eas ;gh rhljk vk;ke ykus dk i;z kl fd;k gAS dykdkj
ds fy, ;g lcls eqf'dy jkLRkk gS vkjS blh eas lt` u dk vlyh vkuna vuqHko fd;k tk ldrk
gAS dykdkj fdlh ik=k dk jkys djrs gq, mls dqN bl rjg ltho <xa ls n'kdZ kas ds lkeus i's k
djuk pkgrk gS fd og ik=k likV yxus ds ctk; gj d+ne ij xgjk vkjS u;k curk gqvk irz hr
gksA
,ls k ;FkkFkoZ kn inS k djus ds fy, ;jw kis eas ina gz oha lnh ls fodflr gkrs h vk jgh rduhd dks
gh lh[kus vkjS le>us dh t+:jr ugha g]S ;|fi ;g Hkh ,d t+:jh pht+ gAS blds lkFk ;g tkuus
vkjS le>us dh Hkh t+:jr gS fd fiNyh lfn;kas eas ekuo&lekt fdl vkjs tk jgk Fkk] vkjS vc fdl
vkjs tk jgk gAS euq"; ds lkeus lcls egÙoi.w kZ loky D;k g]aS vkjS mudk gy dgka vkjS dlS s [kkts k
tk ldrk g\S lekt eas dkuS &lh ioz f` Ùk;ka mHkj jgh gaS vkjS dkuS &lh ej jgh g\aS O;fDr dks le>us
ds fy, legw dks le>uk t+:jh gAS
eaS T;k&s T;kas ekDloZ kn dk vè;;u djrk x;k] ejs h fnekxh èkqaèk feVrh x;h] vkjS ejs s vna j jk's kuh
gkrs h x;hA
,d fnu ekDlZ dh egku iqLrd] itaw h ds igys vè;k; eas gh i<+k fd ftUl gels ckgj dh

104 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

pht+ gkrs h gAS og vius xq.kkas ls fdlh u fdlh idz kj dh bla kuh t+:jrkas dks ijw k djrh gAS bl ckr
dk dkbs Z Q+d+Z ugha iM+rk fd os t+:jras 'kkjhfjd gaS ;k ekufldA

bl ckr dk eq> ij cgqr xgjk vlj iM+kA eq>s tlS s fdlh egÙoiw .kZ leL;k dk gy fey x;k
FkkA vfHku;&dyk Hkh vU; nqfu;koh dkekas dh rjg gh ,d dke gAS c<+bZ ets +&dqjlh cuk dj ;k
bta hfu;j e'khu cukdj vkneh dh dkbs Z u dkbs Z 'kkjhfjd vko';drk ijw h djrk gAS blh idz kj y[s kd
ukVd dh jpuk djds ;k vfHkurs k ik=k dk jkys djds vkneh dh ekufld vko';drk ijw h djrk
gAS nkus kas rjg ds dke ,d&ls gh ifo=k vkjS i'z kla k ds gd+nkj gASa

gekjs n's k eas vke rkjS ij ;g èkkj.kk cuh gqbZ gS fd dyk ,d b'Z ojh; nus gAS dykdkj curk
ugh]a cfYd og tUetkr gkrs k gAS mls b'Z oj dh vkjs ls ijsz .kk feyrh gAS og vykfS dd O;fDr gkrs k
gAS tlS kfd ,d ikz phu ;uw kuh nk'kfZ ud us dgk g]S ^fy[krs le; dfo fdlh noS h voLFkk eas igqpa
tkrk gAS *

vc bl èkkj.kk eas ejs k fo'okl fcydqy [k+Re gks x;k FkkA eaS le>rk gaw fd ;g Bhd gh gqvk
FkkA dyk eas vè;kReokn dks ykus ls uqd+lku gh uqd+lku g]S Q+k;nk fcydqy ugha gAS

ge gj lky fdruh gh vejhdh fQ+Yeas n[s krs gAaS mueas dos y eq[; ik=k gh ugh]a cfYd gj NkVs s
ls NkVs s ik=k dks Hkh bruh lqna jrk ls i's k fd;k x;k gkrs k gS fd dgha dkbs Z =kqfV fn[kk;h ugha nrs hA
ij gekjh fgna qLrkuh fQ+Yekas eas nk&s pkj eq[; ik=kkas dks NkMs +dj ckd+h fdlh ik=k ds dke eas vPNs vfHku;
dk vkHkkl ugha feyrkA dbZ ckj rks ukeh dykdkj Hkh ilS s ds ykyp eas ,d lkFk chl&chl fQ+Yekas
eas dke djrs gq, viuh dyk dk Lrj cgqr uhps ys vkrs gAaS

vxj vfHku; b'Z ojh; nus gS rks D;k ;g gjS kuh dh ckr ugha fd if'peh n's kkas e]as tgka èkeZ dk
dkbs Z fo'k"s k egÙo ugha g]S ;g nus gj fdlh dks bruh vklkuh ls fey tkrh g]S ij gekjs n's k eas
fdlh&fdlh dks gh ulhc gkrs h g]S tgka fd fnu&jkr èkeZ ds uke ij ?kfM+;ky ctrs jgrs gAaS

vfHku; flQ+Z dyk gh ugh]a foKku Hkh gAS oKS kfud <xa ls vè;;u vkjS vH;kl djus ij dkbs Z
Hkh O;fDr vPNk vfHkurs k cu ldrk gAS

olS s ;g dguk Hkh x+yr gS fd fdlh O;fDr dks tUe ls dqN feyrk gh ugha gAS gj fdlh ds
lLa dkj ,d&ls ugha gkrs As dkbs Z O;fDr vPNk oKS kfud cuus dh ifz rHkk yds j tUe yrs k g]S dkbs Z
xf.krK] dkbs Z f[kykM+h] dkbs Z fp=kdkj] lxa hrdkj] ;k vfHkurs k cuus dh ifz rHkk yds j tUe yrs k gAS
mlh O;fDr dk ijw h rjg fodkl gks ldrk g]S ftldh ifz rHkk dks NkVs h mez ls gh Qyu&s Qyw us dk
okrkoj.k feyAs ij ,ls h lgyw ras gekjs n's k eas fdrus ykxs kas dks feyh g\aS x+jhch] vKku vkjS dbZ fd+Le
ds vHkkokas ds dkj.k cgqr&ls O;fDr;kas dh vkdk{a kk,a cpiu eas gh dqpyh tkrh gAaS

vfHkurs k cuus ds fy, rh{.k vkjS Åpa h mM+ku okyh dYiuk dk gkus k t+:jh gAS dbZ cPpkas dh
dYiuk cgqr rhoz gkrs h g]S ftls l{w e nf` "V okys ekrk&firk vkjS f'k{kd >V igpku tkrs gAaS ,ls s
cPpkas eas cM+s gkus s ij dyk dk f'k[kj Nuw s dh ;kXs ;rk gkrs h gAS vPNk dykdkj rks gj dkbs Z cu ldrk
g]S ij egku dykdkj dkbs &Z dkbs Z gh cu ldrk gAS

ij ;g ckr 'kq: eas dkuS dg ldrk gS fd veqd dykdkj egku dykdkj cuxs k ;k lkèkkj.k
dykdkj jg tk;xs k! cgs rj ;gh gS fd vkneh [kqn dks vlkèkkj.k le>us ds ctk; lkèkkj.k le>]s
vkjS b'Z ojh; ijsz .kk vkjS ifz rHkk ij Hkjkls k djus ds ctk; viuh yxu vkjS egs ur ij Hkjkls k djAs

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 105

eaS tc vius cpiu ds fnukas ij ut+j nkMS +krk gaw rks ;kn vkrk gS fd ejs h dYiuk cgqr rhoz
FkhA vkerkjS ij cPpkas ds [kys cM+s O;fDr;kas ds dkekas dh ud+y gkrs s gAaS ij eaS bl ud+y dks bruk
vlyh cuk nrs k Fkk fd cM+h mez ds O;fDr Hkh ejs s [kys kas eas 'kkdS + ls 'kkfey gks tk;k djrs FkAs

f'k{kk ds nkjS ku ejs k T+;knk >qdko Hkk"kkvkas dh vkjs FkkA lLa Ñr eq>s vPNh yxrh FkhA vkB&nl
lky dh mez eas gh eaS okYehfd&jkek;.k i<+ x;k FkkA ,d ckj mlh 'kyS h eas euaS s 'ykds Hkh fy[ks Fks
vkjS vk;lZ ekt ds ,d okf"kdZ kRs lo eas lquk;s FkAs Ldyw eas lcls T+;knk et+k eq>s ml le; vkrk
Fkk] tc f'k{kd NkVs &s NkVs s lkda fs rd okD; fy[kdj muds vkèkkj ij geas dgkuh fy[kus ds fy, dgrs
FkAs lkfgR; dh ikB;~ &iqLrdas eq>s vuk;kl gh t+ckuh ;kn gks tk;k djrh FkhAa

ejs k lkfgfR;d #fp dks ekrk&firk vkjS f'k{kdkas dh vkjs ls Hkh vPNh ijsz .kk feyrh jgh FkhA euaS s
vxa tsz +h lkfgR; ls ,e-,- fd;k Fkk vkjS dkyW ts ls fudyrs gh dgkfu;ka vkjS dfork,a fy[kuh 'kq:
dj nh FkhAa eq>s ge's kk gh lkfgR;dkj cuus dk 'kkdS jgk gAS tlS kfd eaS igys dg vk;k g]aw fQ+Yeh
vfHkurs k rks eSa l;a kxs o'k gh cu x;k gAaw

vkt vxj dkbs Z O;fDr ejs h ikz jfa Hkd fQ+Yekas dks n[s k]s rks mueas ejs k dke mls bruk ?kfV;k yxxs k
fd mlds vkèkkj ij mls ;g fo'okl djus eas dfBukbZ gkxs h fd eaS dHkh vPNk vfHkurs k cu ldxaw kA
ejs s dbZ fe=k] tks ejs s lkFk gh fQ+Yekas eas nkf[ky gq, Fk]s cgqr vPNk vfHku; djrs FkAs fdlh dks bl
ckr eas lna gs ugha Fkk fd os cgqr tYn e'kgjw h ds lkroas vkleku dks Nw yxsa As ij nqHkkXZ ;o'k os [kqn
dks vlkèkkj.k O;fDr le>us ds Hkez dk f'kdkj gks x;As vfHku;&dyk dk oKS kfud <xa ls vè;;u
djus ds ctk; os b'Z ojh; ijsz .kk dh irz h{kk djus yxAs os le>rs Fks fd ftl ik=k dk jkys mUgas djuk
g]S og fdlh vykfS dd <xa ls [kqn muds vna j ioz 's k dj tk;xs kA dHkh os 'kkVW ls igys lekfèk yxkdj
mlds vkxeu dh irz h{kk djr]s vkjS dHkh 'kjkc ;k fdlh u'khyh pht+ dk lgkjk yrs As lk]s os mUufr
ugha dj ldAs ij eaS viuh lkèkkj.k ifz rHkk ds ckotnw muls vfèkd lQy jgkA

ftu ykxs kas dks ekDloZ kn dk Kku ugha g]S os mls dos y ,d jktuhfrd fl)kra le>s gq, gAaS
;g mudh cgqr cM+h Hkyw gAS ekDloZ kn okLro eas ,d n'kuZ g]S tks ikz Ñfrd vkjS lkla kfjd thou
ds gj i{k dks oKS kfud nf` "Vdk.s k ls n[s krk gAS gj dykdkj dks ;g tkuus dh vkdk{a kk gkrs h gS fd
mldh dyk dk lekt eas D;k egÙo gAS ml egÙo ds vuqlkj D;k mls og LFkku ikz Ir gS tks mls
feyuk pkfg,\ bl flyflys eas ekDloZ kn dbZ fd+Le dh x+yfr;kas ij ls inkZ mBkdj lgh jkLRkk
crkrk gAS oreZ ku ;qx eas ekDloZ kn dk vè;;u] ejs s [k+;ky e]as ,d dykdkj ds fy, Hkh mruk gh
mi;kxs h g]S ftruk fd fdlh lekt'kkL=kh ds fy,A

ekDloZ kn us Hkk"kk dh leL;k dks Hkh oKS kfud <ax ls n[s kus dk eq>s jkLrk fn[kk;kA VxS kjs vkjS
xkèa kh tlS s egkiq#"kkas ds fopkjkas ls iHz kkfor gkds j eaS igys ls gh bl nf` "Vdk.s k dh vkjs vk jgk Fkk fd
gj dykdkj vkjS lkfgR;dkj ds fy, mldh viuh ekrH` kk"kk vkjS lLa Ñfr vfHkO;fDr ds fy, lcls
mÙke lkèku gkrs h gAS ekDloZ kn ds vè;;u us ejs k ;g fo'okl vkjS Hkh n<` + cuk fn;kA

tqcnS k dh lQyrk ds ckn bIVk ds lkFkh ejs h gj ckr ekuus ds fy, r;S kj FkAs euaS s bl ckr
ij t+kjs fn;k fd fofHkUu Hkk"kkvkas dh fofHkUu eMa fy;ka cuk;h tk;Aas bIVk l)S kfa rd rkjS ij bl ckr
dks igys ls Lohdkj dj pqdk Fkk] ij vc ml ij vey Hkh fd;k tkus yxkA n[s kr&s n[s krs xqtjkrh]
ejkBh] vxa tsz +h vkfn Hkk"kkvkas dh Hkh mÙke J.s kh dh eMa fy;ka r;S kj gks x;hAa ;gka rd fd rys qxq&Hkk"kh

106 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

dykdkjkas dh Hkh ,d ukVd&eMa yh cu x;hA bu ukVd eMa fy;kas ds vfrfjDr bIVk dh ,d vf[ky
Hkkjrh; uR` ; eMa yh Hkh Fkh] ftldh viuh vuk[s kh 'kku FkhA mn;'kda j dh eMa yh VVw us ds ckn mlds
yxHkx lHkh iez q[k dykdkj bl lVsa yª LDoMs eas 'kkfey gks pqds Fk]s ftldh J"s Brk dk lcrw bl ckr
ls fey ldrk gS fd mls jfo'kda j] 'kphu 'kda j] 'kka fr oèkuZ ] vofunkl xqIrk] iesz èkou] nhuk xkèa kh]
xqy cèkuZ ] fcu; jk;] vyh vdcj [k+ka vkfn egku dykdkjkas dk lg;kxs ikz Ir FkkA

blh idz kj] fofHkUu ukVdh; foHkkxkas dks Hkh ekek ojjs dj] pna oz nu egs rk] xq.kora jk; vkpk;]Z
iF` ohjkt dijw ] nqxkZ [kkVs s vkfn pkVs h ds dykdkjkas vkjS lkfgR;dkjkas dk lg;kxs ikz Ir FkkA ;s ykxs dos y
njw cBS dj ljijLrh ugha djrs Fk]s cfYd ckd+k;nk rkjS ij bIVk eas vk;k djrs FkAs os bIVk ds fy,
ukVd fy[krs Fks vkjS mueas jkys vnk djrs FkAs nqxkZ [kkVs s us lcls igys bIVk ds ukVdkas }kjk gh jxa epa
ij dke djuk 'kq: fd;k FkkA

bIVk dk vkna kys u cca bZ eas gh ugh]a ijw s fgna qLrku eas rts +h ls QyS jgk Fkk] vkjS gj ikz ra ds ifz l)
y[s kd vkjS dykdj mlds ?kjs s eas vk jgs FkAs fofHkUu ikz ra kas ds dykdkj vuk[s ks iesz &l=w k eas ,d&nlw js
ls tqM+rs tk jgs FkAs vkt u;h ih<+h ds dykdkjkas ds fy, ;g fo'okl djuk cgqr dfBu gS fd dHkh
,ls k Hkh gkrs k FkkA

i'z u mBrk gS fd bIVk dh bruh 'kh?kz vkjS t+cnLZ r ykds fi;z rk dk dkj.k D;k FkkA bruk cM+k
vkna kys u viu&s vki gh [kM+k ugha gks ldrkA

bldk dkj.k] eaS le>rk g]aw ml le; dh dE;qfuLV ikVhZ dh lgh uhfr;ka Fkh]a mu uhfr;ksa dk
ykxs kas ds fnykas ij Q+kjS u vlj iM+rk FkkA eq>s ;kn gS fd ge tgka Hkh iesz èkou dk dkbs Z xhr xkrs
Fk]s ykxs [kM+s gkds j lquus yx tkrs Fks vkjS muds pgs jkas ij fdlh xHa khj fopkj dk Hkko >ydus yxrk
FkkA ikVhZ dh bu uhfr;kas eas lPph jk"Vhª ;rk Fkh] vkjS lgh vra jk"Z Vhª ;rk HkhA ikVhZ leL;kvkas dks cM+h
Li"Vrk ls ykxs kas ds lkeus j[krh Fkh] vkjS mUgas fcfz V'k lkekz T; ds f[k+ykQ+ lxa fBr gkds j yM+us ds
fy, ifsz jr djrh FkhA og jk"Vhª ; vkna kys u ds lkFk tqM+h gqbZ Hkh Fkh vkjS mldh vkykps uk Hkh djrh
FkhA mlds eEs cj bIVk eas ,ls h dqjckuh ls dke djrs Fks fd gj dkbs Z mUgas vknj dh nf` "V ls n[s krk
FkkA os c<+&p<+dj egs ur djrs Fks ij tc J;s yus s dk ekdS +k vkrk rks nlw jkas dks vkxs dj nrs s FkAs
vkjS dE;qfuLV depZ kfj;kas ds vuq'kklu dh rkjhQ+ rks muds nq'eukas ds eqga ls Hkh lquh tk ldrh
FkhA

blds vykok] ml le; n's k eas ekDloZ knh fopkjkas dk ,d lyS kc&lk vk;k gqvk FkkA èkuokukas
dh lLa Fkkvkas eas Hkh ekDloZ kn dk ft+d djuk ,d rjg dk Q+S'ku cu x;k FkkA 'kk;n blfy, Hkh
fd dE;qfuLV ykxs fcfz V'k lkekz T; ds fojkès kh gkrs s gq, Hkh f}rh; fo'o;q) dks ^ykds &;q)* dgrs FkAs
vkjS ml le; èkuokukas ds fy, og ukjk Q+k;nes na FkkA

tlora BDdj ls ejs h xgjh nkLs rh FkhA eaS èkhj&s èkhjs ikVhZ vkjS vU; depZ kfj;kas ls Hkh ifjfpr gks
x;kA lMaS gLVZ jkMs ij ^jkt Hkou* uke dh bekjr eas ikVhZ dk dnas hz ; n¶+rj FkkA cgqr gh I;kjk vkjS
ifo=k okrkoj.k Fkk ogka dkA ikVhZ dh Hkkts u'kkyk eas [kkuk [kkus dk ogh vkuna vkrk Fkk tks fl[kkas
dks ^xq# ds yxa j* eas [kkus dk vkuna vkrk gAS jkt Hkou eas gh ejs k ifjp; ih-lh- tk's kh ls gqvk vkjS
muds lkFk xgjk I;kj gks x;k] tks vkt rd pyk vk jgk gAS ,d lPps Økfa rdkjh dh rjg ih-lh-
thou dks gj i{k ls I;kj djrs FkAs os gj {k.k dks thrs Fks vkjS gj {k.k vius Kku vkjS deZ dk nk;jk

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 107

foLrr` djus eas fo'okl j[krs FkAs mudh ut+j eas dyk dos y jktuhfrd urs kvkas dh 'kku dks pkj
pkna yxkus okyh pht+ ugha gAS os [kqn mlds 'knS kbZ vkjS ftKklq FkAs vuds ckj mudh lykg vkjS
rtoht+as bIVk ds dke eas gekjs fy, lgk;d fl) gqbZ FkhAa gj dkbs Z lykg yus s ds fy, ih-lh- dh
vkjs nkMS +rk FkkA NkVs s ls NkVs s dkjdqu ds lkFk Hkh ih-lh I;kj&Hkjk lydw djrs vkjS mlds fny eas dkbs Z
mexa Hkj nrs As ,d vthc&lk pqacdh; vkd"k.Z k Fkk muds O;fDrRo eAas tks Hkh muls ,d ckj feyk]
mUgas lkjh mez Hkyw ugha ik;kA vkjS gjS kuh dh ckr ;g Fkh fd ih-lh- ds nkLs r ,d&nks ikz ra kas eas ugh]a
cfYd lkjs fgna qLRkku esa QyS s gq, FkAs rfeyHkk"kh vkjS ekykckjh Hkh mUgsa mruk gh viuk le>rs Fk]s
ftruk muds vius ;-w ih- ds ykxs A

ih-lh- dh iRuh dk uke dYiuk Fkk] ftUgkuas s lkys g o"kZ dh mez eas cxa ky ds vxa tsz + xoujZ ij
xkys h pyk;h Fkh vkjS mez dnS dh lt+k ik;h FkhA ih-lh- vkjS dYiuk ds lkFk gekjs ifjokj dh fe=krk
mUgha fnukas ls vVVw pyh vk jgh gAS ih-lh- ds O;fDrRo ls iHz kkfor gkds j gh nEeks vkjS eaS dE;qfuLV
ikVhZ ds eEs cj cu x;s FkAs

ij ;g lkps uk x+yr gkxs k fd dos y ;FkkFkoZ knh vkjS ekDloZ knh nf` "Vdk.s k viuk yus s ls gh
dykdkj viuh efa t+y ij igpqa tkrk gAS lcls igys fdlh dykdkj ds fy, vius nf` "Vdk.s k ds
vuqlkj l?a k"kZ djuk t+:jh gAS iqjkus lLa dkjkas dks vna j ls fudkyuk vkjS u;s lLa dkjkas dks viukuk iM+rk
gAS ;g vklku dke ugha gAS vk|S kfs xd n's kkas ds ykxs kas ds fy,] pkgs os itaw hoknh n's k gh D;kas u gk]as
;FkkFkoZ knh nf` "Vdk.s k dks viukuk vklku g]S D;kfas d foKku vkjS e'khukas dk muds thou ds gj vxa
eas ioz 's k gks pqdk gkrs k gAS ij ejs h ih<+h ds Hkkjrh; dykdkjkas ds lLa dkj lukruh vkjS tkxhjnkjh ;qx
ds gAaS mu ij ekDloZ knh fopkjèkkjk dk eqyEek mlh idz kj c<s xa k&lk yxrk g]S ftl idz kj dkbs Z dq:i
L=kh lqna j cuus ds fy, vius pgs js ij t+:jr ls T+;knk ikmMj&lq[khZ yxk yAs bl idz kj mldh
dq:irk vkjS Hkh c<+ tkrh gAS

vk|S kfs xd rkjS ij mUufr'khy n's kkas e]as pkgs os itaw hoknh gk]as pkgs lektoknh] vkil eas feydj
vkjS fdlh Øe ls dke djus dh ioz f` Ùk ik;h tkrh gAS fQj ogka ds ykxs dVV~ jiFa kh ugha gkrs As nlw js
dh ckr dks xHa khjrk ls lquus vkjS mls vius thou&vuqHko dh dlkVS h ij ij[kus dk mueas lkeF;Z
gkrs k gAS os ^okn* eas O;fDrRo dks ugha feykrAs mudk è;ku ckys us okys O;fDr dh ckr dh vkjs gkrs k
g]S mlds O;fDrxr thou dh vkjs ughAa

ij gekjs lLa dkj dqN vkjS fd+Le ds gAaS ge ekDloZ kn dks viuk dj mlds ckjs eas Hkh mrus gh
dVV~ j gks tkrs g]aS ftrus fd mlls igys vè;kReoknh fopkjèkkjk ;k èkeZ ds ckjs eas FkAs gekjs vna j
vlgu'khyrk igys gh dh rjg cuh jgrh gAS fdlh ls t+jk&lk Hkh erHkns gqvk ugha fd og ^cTw ok*Z ]
^ifz rfØ;koknh*] ^fpdugkVMZs * vkfn cgqr dqN cu tkrk gAS urs kvkas dks ge olS s gh itw us yx tkrs
gaS tlS s igys ixS ca jkas dks itw rs FkAs lPpkbZ ds ctk; gesa viuk i{k T+;knk I;kjk gks tkrk gAS tks vius
i{k dk g]S og nkLs r cu tkrk g]S tks ugha g]S og nq'eu cu tkrk gAS ekDloZ kn geas vgda kj ls NqVdkjk
ikus dh ijsz .kk nrs k g]S ij veyh rkjS ij ge fnu&ifz rfnu vga dkjh curs tkrs gAS

;gh gky ejs k FkkA ikVhZ eEs cj curs gh ejs s xq.kk&as voxq.kkas eas ifjoruZ vkuk 'kq: gks x;kA dyk
dks euaS s fcYdqy jktuhfrd nf` "Vdk.s k ls ij[kuk 'kq: dj fn;kA bIVk dks eaS ,ls s n[s kus yxk tlS s ikVhZ
dh [k+kfrj dke djuk gh mldk ,dek=k mí's ; gkAs eaS ,d NkVs k&lk fMDVVs j cuus yxkA ikVhZ ds

108 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

lkfFk;kas dh enn ls eSa viuh gj ckr euok ldrk FkkA x+Sj&ikVhZ eEs cj eq>s lykg nrs ]s ij mls ekuuk
;k u ekuuk ejs h et+hZ ij fuHkjZ FkkA bIVk ds n's kHkfDr ls i.w kZ lektoknh vkn'kk±s ls gj dkbs Z lger
Fkk] ij mlds eEs cj ;g ugha pkgrs Fks fd ukVd&dyk dos y ek=k ipz kj dk lk/ku cudj jg tk;As
os ukVd ds dykRed vkjS jkps d i{k dks Hkh loa kjuk pkgrs FkAs ij eaS Fkk fd tks Hkh O;fDr rduhd
dh ckr mBkrk] gkFk èkkds j mlds ihNs iM+ tkrk FkkA

fQj Hkh] os fnu cgqr lqanj vkjS ijsz .kknk;d FkAs geas gj le; et+njw kas dh cfLr;k]as pkyk]as
xyh&ekgs Yykas eas ukVd [kys us dk pko p<+k jgrk FkkA bl idz kj geas cca bZ ds ykxs kas ds thou dks cgqr
ut+nhd ls n[s kus ds cf<+;k ekdS +s fey]s ftudk eq>s vkxs pydj fQ+Yekas ds dke eas cgqr ykHk igpqa kA

,d fnu Q.kh&nk us tfLVl fQ+Ye dk ,d ikz boVs 'kks fd;kA euaS s viuk og eqx+Zs okyk
Dykts +&vi n[s kk] rks ,ls k yxk tlS s Nr eas ls dkbs Z cgqr cM+k iRFkj ejs s flj ij vk fxjk gkAs eq>s
viuk pgs jk ,d eqnZs dk pgs jk irz hr gqvkA eds vi ds dkj.k og vkjS Hkh Hkík yxkA eq>s [kqn ij
>q>a qykgV gqbZ fd D;k ejs h 'kDy bruh gh Hk;kud gAS

ij euaS s T+;knk fpra k ugha dhA Q.kh&nk us vius okns ds vuqlkj viuh fQ+Ye] njw pyks eas eq>s
,d eq[; ik=k dk jkys fn;kA bruk gh ugh]a mleas nEeks dks Hkh ys fy;kA fQ+Ye eas Hkh og ejs h iRuh
dk jkys dj jgh FkhA dey dijw ml fQ+Ye ds ghjks Fks vkjS ulhe ¼tfw u;j½ ghjkbs u FkhA lkFkh dykdkj
Fkvµs kx+k] lkg]w fd'kkjs lkgw ds NkVs s Hkkb]Z ?kk"s k] ¼vthc&ls LoHkko dk uktS oku] ftldh ekrS Hkh vthc
<xa ls gqb½Z ] d-s lh-Ms vkfnA d-s lh-Ms dks fudV ls n[s kus ij eq>s cgs n [kq'kh gqbAZ os nEeks dks cVs h
dh rjg I;kj djus yxs FkAs

bl fQ+Ye dh 'kfw Vxa T+;knkrj vkmVMkjs FkhA ?kkMs +cna j jkMs ij ge dbZ fnu lkbdy pykrs jgAs
'kkVW ls igy]s euaS s n[s kk] vkx+k gekjs lkFk lkèkkj.k <xa ls ckr dj jgs gkrs (s ij deS jk pkyw gkrs s gh
mUgas tlS s dqN gks tkrkA ekuks mu ij dkbs Z Hkrw lokj gks tkrkA os cgqr rts +&rts + vkjS vthc&vthc
gjdras djus yx tkrAs eq>s yxrk] tlS s os t+cnLZ rh eq>s vius lkFk [khpa s fy;s tk jgs gAaS tlS s mUgkuas s
eq> ij dkbs Z tknw dj fn;k gkAs tc Hkh muds lkFk ejs k 'kkVW gkrs k] eq>s viuk vxa &vxa f'kfFky gks
x;k irz hr gkrs kA ij mudh gjdrkas dks eaS e[w krZ kHkjk fn[kkok dgdj Vky nrs kA eaS lkps rk fd os vkos j
,fDVa x djrs g]aS tks fgna qLrkuh fQ+Yekas dh cgqr cM+h [k+jkch gAS ij tc 'kkVW ds ckn lHkh mudh gjdrkas
ij ykVs &ikVs gkus s yxr]s rks eq>s >q>a ykgV gkrs hA eaS lkps rk fd rkjhQ+ rks njvly ejs h gkus h pkfg,]
D;kfas d eaS bruk LokHkkfod vkjS l;a r fd+Le dk vfHku; dj jgk gAaw vukM+h vfHkurs k ds ;gh rks
y{k.k gkrs s gAaS og lc dqN x+yr djrk gqvk Hkh lkps rk gS fd Bhd dj jgk gAS 'kkVW ds le; vkx+k
tlS s vius ik=k eas ioz 's k dj tkrs FkAs vkjS 'kkVW [k+Re gkrs s gh os mleas ls fudydj fQj vkx+k cu
tkrs FkAs bu ckrkas ds ckjs eas eaS tkurk t+:j Fkk] ij vHkh mudk vH;Lr ugha gqvk FkkA eaS tks dqN
deS js ds vkxs djrk Fkk] mls vfHku; dk uke nus k vfHku; 'kCn ls vU;k; djuk gAS

euaS s n[s kk gS fd enk±s dh vi{s kk fL=k;kas eas vfHku; dh ifz rHkk dgha vfèkd gkrs h gAS ckgqcy dh
deh L=kh dks pkykdh ls dke yus s ij etcjw djrh gAS blhfy, fL=k;kas eas cpiu ls gh ppa yrk
vkjs piyrk fn[kk;h nus s yxrh gAS enZ eas lda kps vfèkd gkrs k gAS eaS nEeks dks deS js ds lkeus
ykijokgh ls gla r]s xkr]s ukprs gq, n[s kdj cgqr gjS ku gkrs k FkkA vkjS bleas dkbs Z 'kd+ ugha fd mldk
LoHkko vfHku; ds cgqr vuqdyw FkkA vkjS fQj ,d fnu ^iF` oh fFk,Vj* ds ukVd nhokj dk inkZ mBkA

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 109

igys 'kks eas nEeks iF` ohjkt ls t+jk f>>drh gqbZ dke dj jgh FkhA eds &vi Hkh cgqr vPNk ugha gqvk
FkkA lq[khZ T+;knk ey nh x;hA 'kks [k+Re gkus s ij euaS s eds &vi :e eas tkdj nEeks dks gklS yk fn;k
vkjS fuMj gkds j dke djus dh ijsz .kk nhA vkèks ?kVa s ds ckn nlw js 'kks ds fy, inkZ mBk] rks nEeks cnydj
dqN vkjS gh cu x;h FkhA ;g dgus eas vfr'k;kfs Dr ugha gS fd cca bZ eas mlds uke dk rgydk ep
x;k FkkA nhokj vkjS ne;a rh ds vfHku; dh ppkZ gkus s yxhA mlds igys fdlh ukVd dks bruh
lQyrk ugha feyh FkhA fVdVkas ds fy, bruh yca h ykbuas flues kvkas ds vkxs Hkh ugha n[s kh x;h FkhAa

nEeks LVkj cu pqdh FkhA vxys fnu ls gh fQYe&fuekrZ kvkas us gekjs ?kj ds pDdj yxkus 'kq:
dj fn;]s tkfs d gekjs fy, ,d vuk[s kh vkjS viRz ;kf'kr fLFkfr FkhA

yM+kbZ ds t+ekus eas ifz l) dykdkjkas vkjS lLa Fkkvkas dks Hkh vxa tsz + ljdkj fQ+Ye cukus ds fy,
yk;lUs l ns fn;k djrh FkhA yM+kbZ dh fgek;r djus okykas dks rks og vk£Fkd lgk;rk Hkh nrs h FkhA
ij fuekrZ k ikz iW xs Mas k&fQ+Yeas cukus ls Mjrs Fk]s D;kfas d turk mUgas ilna ugha djrh FkhA flQ+Z U;w fFk;Vs lZ
dh bl fd+Le dh ,d fQ+Ye] ekbZ flLVj lQy gqbZ FkhA og Hkh lgxy ds vfHku; ds dkj.kA

mn;'kda j vkjS lkèkuk ckls vkfn us Hkh yk;lUs l yds j fQ+Yeas cuk;h FkhAa ,d yk;lUs l jQ+hd
vuoj dks Hkh feyk Fkk] ftUgkuas s cq) Hkxoku ds thou ij ,d lkèkkj.k&lk uR` ;&ukV;~ yna u eas i's k
fd;k FkkA mu fnukas os ejs s lkFk ch-ch-lh- eas dke fd;k djrs FkAs jQ+hd ds yk;lUs l ij vkf[k+j
prs u vkuna dks uhpk uxj fQ+Ye cukus dk ekdS +k feyk] ij bl 'krZ ij fd ghjks [kqn jQ+hd gkxas As
ml gkyr eas prs u dks eq>s ghjks cukus dk 'kkdS + NkMs +uk iM+k] vkjS nEeks ejs s fcuk fQ+Ye eas dke djus
ds fy, r;S kj ugha gqbAZ lk]s prs u ghjkbs u ds jkys ds fy, ykgkjS ls ,d u;h yM+dh yk;]s ftldk
uke dkfeuh dk'S ky FkkA mUgkuas s ,ls k deky dk vfHku; fd;k fd fQ+Ye fjyht+ gkus s ls igys gh
mudh èkew ep x;hA

ml nkjS eas d'` u pna j us Hkh ,d fQY+ e cuk;hvµ ius ukVd] ljk; ds ckgj ds vkèkkj ijA [kqn
gh mldk fun'Zs ku Hkh fd;kA ifz l) ixz fr'khy dfo] gjnas uz kFk pVV~ kis kè;k; ds ,d mikld us vkt+knh
uked ,d vkn'koZ knh fQ+Ye cukus ds fy, viuh lkjh itaw h muds d+nekas eas ykdj j[k nhA

mi;qDZ r mnkgj.k ls vPNk lcrw vkjS D;k gks ldrk gS fd fQ+Yeh bfrgkl ds ml ekMs + ij gekjs
cqf)thoh oxZ dks mPp Lrj dh fQ+Yeas cukus ds fy, lgyw rkas dh deh ugha Fkh] cfYd lgyw ras [kqn
muds d+nekas eas vk jgh FkhAa vxj mudk Q+k;nk mBkus dh ;kXs ;rk mueas gkrs h] rks vkt fgna h fQ+Yekas
dk Lrj dqN vkjS gh gkrs kA ij ml oxZ us u fQ+Ye ds ekè;e dh fo'k"s k vko';drkvkas dks le>us
dh dkfs 'k'k dh vkjS u gh vius O;fDrxr thou dks fdlh lhek eas j[kkA mudh cuk;h gj fQ+Ye
us turk dh vk'kkvkas ij ikuh Qjs fn;kA flQ+Z ;gh ugh]a os ykxs viuh x+yr gjdrkas ds dkj.k mrus
gh cnuke gq,] ftruk fd os viuh dgkfu;kas eas fQ+Yeh lBs kas dks djrs FkAs vkt tc Hkh eaS vius
cqf)thoh fe=kkas dks turk ds ?kfV;k LRkj vkjS fuekrZ kvkas dh t+kfgykuk fd+Le dh ekxa kas dks nk"s k nrs s
gq, ikrk g]aw rks ejs k eu jk"s k ls Hkj tkrk g]S D;kfas d euaS s vPNs ls vPNs voljkas dks cjckn gkrs s viuh
vk[a kkas ls n[s kk gAS

vCckl vkjS lkBs dh fgEer ls bIVk dks Hkh ,d fQ+Ye cukus dk yk;lUs l feyk] ftlds
QyLo:i èkjrh ds yky cuh] tks ejs s fQ+Yeh thou dk igyk egÙoi.w kZ vuqHko FkkA

èkjrh ds yky dh lkjh ;kts uk [+oktk vgen vCckl us [kqn cuk;h FkhA os gh mlds y[s kd vkjS

110 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

fun'Zs kd FkAs bIVk jxa epa ds rhu fofHkUu ikz ra kas ds fun'Zs kdkas dks lg;kxs h fun'Zs kd fu;qDr fd;k x;kA
cxa ky ls 'kHa kq fe=kk] egkjk"Vª ls olra xqIRks vkjS cca bZ ls eAaS

cxa ky ds vdky lca èa kh rhu iLq rdas mu fnukas 'kkgdkj ekuh tkrh Fkhfµa ctu HkVV~ kpk;Z ds nks
ukVd] t+ckucna h vkjS uokUu vkjS d'` u pna j dk dkO;e; mU;kl] vUunkrkA bu rhukas iqLrdkas dks
fQ+Ye dk vkèkkj cuk;k x;kA

ij tc vCckl us iVdFkk dh igyh :ij[s kk r;S kj dh] rks mls n[s kdj cgqr&ls lkfFk;kas dk]s
[k+kldj eq>s vkjS 'kHa kq fe=kk dk]s cgqr fujk'kk gqbAZ vCckl ds ukVdkas dk eaS ftruk i'z kla d jgk g]aw
mudh fQ+Yekas dk mruk gh dM+k vkykps d Hkh gAaw fQ+Ye fuek.Z k dh tks ifjHkk"kk vCckl us vius fnekx+
eas cBS k;h g]S og 'kkra kjke dh rduhd dh rjg fcYdqy x+Sj&fQ+Yeh] Q+jlnw k vkjS x+yr gAS vCckl
dFkkoLrq ds gj vxa dks lgt&LokHkkfod <xa ls mHkkjus ds ctk; pViVs loa knk]as irz hdkRed vyda kjk]as
vkjS pkdaS kus ds ekgs eas iM+dj mls cukoVh cuk nrs s gAaS mudk vk'k; cgqr vPNk vkjS ixz fr'khy
gkrs k g]S ij urhtk ckfs j;r inS k djus ds flok vkjS dqN ughAa n'kdZ mudh fQ+Yekas eas viu&s vkidks
[kks ugha ikrkA og ,ls s egllw djrk gS tlS s vCckl mldh xnuZ idM+dj mldk eukjs ta u djok
jgs gAaS fdlh u fdlh gn rd fgna h fQ+Yekas ds lHkh fuekrZ k bl jkxs ds f'kdkj gAaS os ml vukM+h
fd+Le dh eka dh rjg gaS tks jks jgs cPps dks f[kykuS s nds j gh pqi djkuk tkurh gAS fep&Z elkyk feyk;s
fcuk] dos y dgkuh }kjk turk dks idM+dj j[kus dh [kcw h bUgkuas s lh[kh ugha gAS gkyW hoqM ds
fQ+Yedkjkas dh [kcw h ;g gS fd os >Bw dks Hkh lp cukdj i's k djrs gAaS ij gekjs fQ+Yedkjkas ds gkFkkas
eas lp Hkh >Bw yxus yxrk gAS rduhd dk fny Hkjdj fn[kkok fd;s fcuk mUgas lra k"s k ugha gkrs kA

vCckl us tks iVdFkk fy[kh Fkh] mleas iyZ cd dh xyq vFk]Z LVkbucds dh xIsz l vkQW + jkFk vkfn
fQ+Yekas vkjS irk ugha dgk&a dgka dk elkyk yds j ?kqlMs + fn;k Fkk] tlS s mUgas fctu HkVV~ kpk;Z vkjS d'` u
pna j dh jpukvkas ij ijw k Hkjkls k u gkAs vthc&lh f[kpM+h idk;h x;h Fkh ml iVdFkk eAas

'kHa kq fe=kk vkjS eaS ;FkkFkoZ knh rduhd dk vfèkd Kku j[krs FkAs cu&s cuk;s jkLrkas ij pyus ls
geas fp<+ FkhA ij ,d ckr ge Hkh Hkyw s gq, FkAs og ;g fd cxa ky dk vdky dkbs Z eukjs ta d ?kVuk
ugha FkhA vkjS fQ+Ye eas eukjs ta u turk dh igyh ekxa gkrs h gAS vCckl ;FkkFkZ ds jkLrs ij d+ne mBkus
ls Mj jgs FkAs ij ge Fks fd ,d dh txg nl d+ne ,d lkFk mBkuk pkgrs FkAs ml le; t+:jr
Fkh ,d&nlw js ds nf` "Vdk.s k dh ?khjt ls le>us dh] ,d lk>a k nf` "Vdk.s k mHkkjus dh] tks lcdks ilna
gkAs ij ,ls k èkhjt mez ds rT+kqcsZ ls vkrk gAS ge i<+s&fy[ks c's kd Fk]s ij rT+kqcsZ dh geeas deh FkhA
cgl djrs gq, ge vkil eas yM+us yxr]s nlw js dk fny thrus ds ctk; viuh thr pkgrAs

vCckl dk nkok Fkk fd os fQ+Ye&dyk dks gels T+;knk vPNh rjg le>rs FkAs geas bl ckr dk
vfHkeku Fkk fd ge turk ds dykdkj Fk]s bda +ykch Fk]s vkjS vius mlyw kas ls cbs la kQ+h gkrs h gqbZ ugha
n[s k ldrs FkAs dE;qfuLV ikVhZ gekjs ihNs Fkh] ftlds lg;kxs ds fcuk fQ+Ye dk cuuk lHa ko ugha
FkkA fQj ge D;kas u mNy&mNydj vCckl dh ukd eas udys Mkyr!s

èkjrh ds yky fQ+Ye dk fuek.Z k bIVk dh ;kts uk Fkh] vkjS bIVk eas cxa kyh dykdkjkas dk i{k lcls
Hkkjh vkjS et+crw FkkA vdkyihfM+rkas ds ckjs eas muls T+;knk vPNh vkjS dkuS tkudkjh ns ldrk Fkk\
ij eqf'dy ;g Fkh fd mueas ls fdlh dks Hkh fgna h vPNh rjg ugha vkrh FkhA os viuh ckr u le>k
ikrAs cglas vkjS fjglyZ as Hkh bruh yca h gks tkrha fd dbZ ckj 'kfw Vxa ds nkjS ku deS jkeuS vkjS vU;

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 111

depZ kjh irz h{kk eas gkFk ij gkFk èkjs cBS s jgrAs dHkh vCckl >Yyk;h gqbZ gkyr eas LVfw M;ks ls ckgj
fudy tkrs vkjS ge mUgas eukus ds fy, muds ihNs tkrAs dHkh ge ukjkt+ gks tkrs vkjS vCckl dks
feUuras djds geas eukuk iM+rkA 'kfw Vxa ds nkjS ku eas ,ls s rek'ks vk£Fkd nf` "Vdk.s k ls cgqr egxa s iM+rs
gAaS ij bl ckr dh ejs s tlS s lg;kxs h fun'Zs kdkas dks u tkudkjh Fkh] u ijokgA ij blds ckotnw vxj
d'rh e>a èkkj gh eas ugha Mcw x;h rks bldk ,dek=k dkj.k Fkk] bIVk vkjS dE;qfuLV ikVhZ dk vn'` ;
vuq'kklu] tks gj eEs cj dks lhek eas j[krk FkkA vkt tgka ,d rjQ+ eaS vCckl dh fQ+Yeh xqejkfg;kas
dh vkjS Hkh l[+r vkykps uk djuk pkgrk g]aw ogka mudh vf}rh; lgu'khyrk vkjS nkLs rh fuHkkus dh
;kXs ;rk dh Hkh nkn fn;s fcuk ugha jg ldrkA cca bZ e]as dykdkjkas dh ifa Dr eas [kM+s gkus s dh txg
eq>s vCckl us gh fnyk;h FkhA vkjS cnys eas eaS mudh nk<+h m[kkM+us yx x;k FkkA ij vCckl ds eqga
ls dHkh gk; ugha fudyh FkhA

gekjh 'kfw Vxa Jh lkmMa LVfw M;ks eas gkrs h FkhA mlds lpa kyd] jtuhdkra ikMa s cgqr cf<+;k deS jkeuS
Fks vkjS muds NkVs s Hkkb]Z pna dz kra ikMa s lkmMa fjdkfW M±x eas vf}rh; ekus tkrs FkAs ftl fQ+Ye ds xkukas
dh fjdk£Mx pna dz kra ikMa s ds gkFkk]as vkjS 'kfw Vxa lkmMa LVfw M;ks eas u gqbZ gk]s og fQ+Ye fMLVhª C;Vw jkas dh
ut+jkas eas ijoku ugha p<+rh FkhA dgkuhdkjk]as lxa hrdkjk]as fQ+Ye&LVkjk]as fuekrZ kvkas vkjS fun'Zs kdkas dk
fnu&jkr ogka te?kV yxk jgrk FkkA brus cM+s LVfw M;ks dk bIVk tlS h ,d x+jhc lLa Fkk dks vius ;gka
'kfw Vxa djus nus k vCckl ds gh jl[w k+ dk dfj'ek FkkA geas ge's kk ;g Mj yxk jgrk Fkk fd gekjh
fuR; ifz r dh cglk]as >xM+kas vkjS vukM+hiu ls rxa vkdj LVfw M;ks okys dgha ogka ls gekjk fcLrj gh
xkys u dj nAas

ij èkhj&s èkhjs s irk pyk fd ge mudh ut+jkas eas uhps ugh]a cfYd Åpa s mB jgs Fk]s D;kfas d gekjs
>xM+s O;fDrxr ugha gkrs s FkAs mu cglkas vkjS >xM+kas }kjk ge lHkh fQ+Ye dks T+;knk ls T+;knk vPNk
cukus dh dkfs 'k'k dj jgs FkAs pkgs fdrus Hkh >xM+s gk]as vra eas ge fQj ,d gkds j dke eas yx tkrs
FkAs cxa ky ls vk;s gq, O;fDr vCckl ds nks dejkas ds ¶+yVS eas jg jgs FkAs dbZ ckj ge Hkh ogka tkdj
'kj.k yrs As [k+kldj tc fnu ds le; njw pys vkjS jkr ds le; èkjrh ds yky dh 'kfw Vxa gkrs hA
mu fnukas jkr dh 'kfw Vxa dk ckys ckyk FkkA fdlh dykdkj dk fnu&jkr 'kfw Vxa djuk mldh cM+kbZ
dh fu'kkuh FkhA ,d ckj ge Hkh yxkrkj pkj fnu vkjS pkj jkras lks ugha lds FkAs vCckl dk ifjokj
egs ekukas dh HkhM+&HkkM+ eas fdl ij's kkuh eas le; dkV jgk Fkk] mldk vuqeku yxkuk eqf'dy ugha gAS

fQ+Ye tc vkèkh ls T+;knk cu x;h rks LVfw M;ks ds NkVs &s ls ikz tS Ds 'ku&fFk;Vs j eas mlds j'k&fiVaz
fn[kk;s x;As ifz l) fQ+Ye&fun'Zs kd eg's k dkyS Hkh ogka pqipki vkdj cBS x;s FkAs tc ckgj fudy]s
rks muds pgs js ij ,d vuk[s kk iHz kko FkkA dgus yx]s ^fQ+Yekas eas ls ejs k fo'okl mBrk tk jgk FkkA
ij vki uktS okukas us mls fQj ls d+k;e dj fn;k gAS * jktdijw Hkh ml le; muds ikl [kM+s FkAs
rc os vHkh fQ+Ye dykdkj ds :i eas mHkjs ugha FkAs dns kj 'kekZ ds lkFk lgk;d ds :i eas dke dj
jgs FkAs mUgkuas s Hkh fQ+Ye dh Hkjijw i'z kla k dhA

'kk;n èkjrh ds yky ls iHz kkfor gkds j gh eg's k dkyS us [kqn ,d ;FkkFkoZ knh fQ+Ye cukuh 'kq:
dhA mldk uke Fkk] dk'khukFkA èkjrh ds yky dh ghjkbs u] rf` Ir HkknqM+h ¼vc rf` Ir fe=kk½ dks mUgkuas s
ml fQ+Ye eas ghjkbs u cuk;k vkjS jktdijw dks ghjkAs dk'khukFk Hkh vfoLej.kh; fQ+Ye cuh FkhA

gelas ls dkbs Z Hkh bl gfS l;r dk ekfyd ugha Fkk fd dkj eas cBS dj LVfw M;ks tkrkA fQj Hkh

112 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

jtuhdkra ikMa s ls yds j LVfw M;ks ds NkVs s ls NkVs s depZ kjh rd gekjk cgqr vknj djrs FkAs viuk dke
NkMs +dj Hkh gekjh Q+jek;'kas ijw h djrs FkAs mudh ut+j eas ge n's k&los k dk dke dj jgs Fk]s vkjS blfy,
egku FkAs O;fDrokn ds dhVk.kqvkas ls Hkjs gq, fQ+Yeh okrkoj.k eas gekjs legw okn us LoLFk&lh lqna jrk
inS k dj nh FkhA cgqr&lh NkVs h&NkVs h ?kVukvkas ls bldk lcrw feyrk gS tks eq>s dHkh ugha Hkyw xas hA

mnkgj.k ds fy,] ,d jkr ge dgkuh ds eq[; ik=k] ièz kku eMa y ds dydÙks dh lM+dkas ij Hk[w k
ls flld&fllddj ikz .k nus s dh 'kfw Vxa dj jgs FkAs n'` ; bl idz kj Fkk% c<w +s fdlku dk 'kjhj cq[k+kj
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cBS s g,q gAaS cgs k's kh dh gkyr eas c<w +s fdlku dks viuh Q+lyas ;kn vkrh gèµaS kku dh >ew rh gbq Z Q+lyAas
vkjS og vius cVs kas dks njkfa r;ka yds j tkus ds fy, dgrk gAS ^dkVk]s t+kjs ls dkVk!s * og glra k gqvk
dg jgk g]S tlS s eMas + ij [kM+k dVkbZ dk ut+kjk n[s k jgk gAS ^fdruk èkku] fdruk <js &lk èkkuA* vkjS
og ej tkrk gAS

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eas ijw s n'` ; dh 'kfw Vxa dh x;hA blds fy, ^ykbfVxa * Bhd djus eas rhu&pkj ?kVa s yxAs ij 'kfw Vxa
djrs le; lgk;d fun'Zs kdkas ;k deS jk&foHkkx dh ykijokgh ds dkj.k QqVikFk ij yxs gq, fctyh
ds [kHa kkas dh jk's kfu;ka tyk;h u x;hAa bl x+yrh dk vglkl rc gqvk] tc ^Dykts +&vi* ds fy,
deS jk c<w +s fdlku ds fudV yk;k x;kA vc D;k fd;k tk;\s rc rd LVfw M;ks dh lHkh cfÙk;ka cq>k;h
tk pqdh FkhAa vèa kjs h jkr e]as c<w +s fdlku ds pgs js ij jk's kuh Mkyus dk cgkuk ,dek=k og fctyh ds
[kHa ks dh jk's kuh gh Fkh] Tkkfs d ykxa &'kkVW eas tyk;h ugha x;h FkhA

lc ,d&nlw js dk eqag n[s kus vkjS ,d&nlw js dks nk"s k nus s yxAs igyk 'kkVW vxj nkcs kjk fy;k tkrk]
rks ykbfVxa Bhd djus eas fQj rhu&pkj ?kVa s yx tkrs vkjS ijw h f'k¶+V cjckn gks tkrhA

rHkh ykbfVxa &foHkkx ds ,d et+njw us lq>ko i's k fd;k fd 'kq: eas fdlku ds Dykts +&vi dks
vèa kjs k j[kk tk;]s fQj tc fd og ckys jgk gk]s mlds pgs js ij] njw ls vk jgh fdlh ekVs j dh cÙkh
dh jk's kuh Mkyh tk;]s vkjS T;k&as T;kas og cgs k's kh ds vko's k eas vkrk tk;]s jk's kuh c<+rh tk;As vkf[k+j
mlds ejrs gh] 'kkVW dV djds fdlh vkjS dk.s k ls fn[kk;k tk;s fd bèkj fdlku dk ifjokj
jkrs k&dqjykrk gqvk mldh yk'k ij fxj iM+rk gS vkjS mèkj ,d pedrh gqbZ ekVs j] tlS s mudh eqlhcr
ij gla rh gqb]Z fcYdqy ikl ls xqt+j tkrh gAS

;g l>q ko luq dj ge vk'p;pZ fdr jg x;As vCckl] 'kHa k]q xIq r]s e]aS deS jkeuS dikfM;+ klµ c
v'k&v'k dj mBAs cqf)thfo;kas dh x+yrh ls inS k gqbZ vM+pu dks ,d vui<+ et+njw us dyk eas cny
fn;k FkkA

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dh vkokt+ Hkjh] tlS s ejus ds ckn fdlku dh vkRek lpeqp vius [krs dh vkjs mM+dj pyh x;h
gkAs bl idz kj fQ+Ye dk ;g ,d vRa ;r ek£ed n'` ; cu x;k FkkA vkjS ;g n'` ; ,d lkèkkj.k et+njw
dh nus Fkhmµ l oxZ ds O;fDr dh] tks 'kfw Vxa ds le; fdlh lQns+ ik's k ls ckr djus dk lkgl Hkh
ugha dj ldrk] lykg&e'kojk nus k rks njw dh ckr gAS

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 113

ge Hkh egqa eas t+cku j[krs g]aS
dk'k] iNw ks fd eq)vk D;k gAS
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dk lkgl gqvk FkkA lp rks ;g gS fd ikz ys hrkjh le>&c>w j[kus okys et+njw gekjh fQ+Ye dks viuk
gh le>us yxs FksA dE;qfuLV ikVhZ] VsªM ;wfu;uksa vkSj fdlku&lHkkvksa ds dgus ij lSdM+ksa
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^vkMVMkjs * 'kfw Vxa eas 'kkfey gqvk djrs FkAs Hk[w k]s ihfM+r ykxs kas ds xkoa NkMs +dj 'kgj tkus okys n'` ;
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cgukas dks cxa kyh <xa ls lkM+h igukuk fl[kkuk 'kq: dj fn;k FkkA pkj fnu rd ^dkiM+u*s xkoa ds
fdlkukas us geas u dos y [krs kas eas Å/ke epkus dh vkt+knh ns j[kh Fkh] cfYd egs ekukas dh rjg geas
f[kyk;k&fiyk;k HkhA
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vna j c<+ jgs FkAs voljokfn;kas us vius LokFkk±s dh [k+kfrj gekjs bn&Z fxnZ Vkfs y;ka ckèa kuh 'kq: dj nh
FkhAa NkVs &s NkVs s fQ+Yeh dkekas eas Hkh jkts + dk gt+kjkas #i;s dk yus &nus gkrs k gAS ;g ckr Hkh det+kjs pfj=k
okys dkeW jMs kas dh fxjkoV dk dkj.k cuhA tks dke brus pko ls 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk] og vra eas lcds
fy, flj&nnZ cudj jg x;kA vCckl tYnh&tYnh ,fMfVxa [k+Re djds ykgkjS pys x;s tgka mUgas
,d vkjS fQ+Ye dk dkaVDSª V fey x;k FkkA muds tkus ds ckn èkjrh ds yky fQ+Ye ykokfjl cuh
fMCckas eas iM+h jghA dkbs Z ugha tkurk Fkk fd vkxs D;k djuk gAS
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yx x;kA fQ+Ye cukuk Hkh] Q+ly inS k djus dh rjg] fd+Ler ds lkFk tqvk [kys us okyh ckr gkrs h
gAS fdlh Hkh iM+ko ij] vkjS fdlh Hkh dkj.k ls rhu dkus gks tkrs gAaS Q+lkn rks T+;knk njs rd u
jgs ] ij ykxs kas ds fnykas eas Mj cuk jgk] vkjS flues k&gkyW [k+kyh jgAs mu fnukas tks fQ+Yeas fjyht+ gqbZ
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mls LFkku fn;kA cs'kd] èkjrh ds yky eas [k+kfe;kas dh Hkjekj Fkh] ij dbZ [kfw c;ka Hkh ,ls h Fkha tks vU;
fQ+Yekas eas cgqr de n[s kus eas vk;h FkhAa ftl cM+s ieS kus ij fdlku&et+njw kas us mleas eq¶+r Hkkx fy;k
Fkk og fdlh vehj ls vehj fuekrZ k dh Hkh 'kfDr ls ckgj dh ckr FkhA fQ+Ye ds ,d&,d n'` ;
eas lPpkb]Z n;kurnkjh vkjS ekuoh; Hkkouk,a >ydrh FkhAa ,d fuekrZ k us fQ+Ye n[s kdj eq>ls dgk
Fkk] ^vki ykxs kas us rks ;FkkFkoZ kn eas :fl;kas dks Hkh ekr dj fn;k gAS *
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114 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

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FkhA

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n's k&dY;k.k dh fQ+Yesa cukrh jgrhA ij ;g ckr gekjh fd+Ler eas ugha fy[kh gqbZ FkhA

et+nwjksa dk xhr

vljk#y gd+ etkt+

esgur ls ;s ekuk pwj gSa ge
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xks vkQ+rks&x+e ds ekjs gSa
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cuus dh reUuk j[krs gSa
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u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 115

bIVk ugha gksrh rks lfyy pkS/kjh ugha gksrk

lfyy pkS/kjh

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gSa] mldh vksj ladsr djus ds fy, gSaA & la-

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116 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

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gAS eaS flQ+Z mlh Q+keW Z dks Lohdkj djrk gaw tks eq>s viuh ckr dks lcls iHz kko'kkyh rjhd+s ls dgus dh
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FkAs ½ 1943 ds cxa ky ds vdky u]s ftleas 50 yk[k ykxs ej]s ;gka ds ckfS )dk]as y[s kdkas vkjS dykdkjkas
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pfj=k Bhd&Bhd jk"Voª knh ugha FkkA lekt ds gj rcd+s ds ykxs bl vkna kys u eas 'kjhd gq,A fdlku]
et+njw ] vkjS e/;oxZ ds ykxs ] fo|kFkhZ vkjS cqf)thoh&&lHkh bleas leku :i ls vk;As mlh le; fctu
nk ¼fctu HkVV~ kpk;]Z cxa kyh ukVddkj vkjS vfHkurs k] bIVk vkna kys u ds ,d vxqvk½ us uokUu
fy[kkA bl ukVd dk ^Vkus * dgha ls jk"Voª knh ugha FkkA bleas mUgkuas s cxa ky ds dkykckt+kfj;k]as tek[k+kjs kas
vkjS HkLw okfe;kas ds Hk"z Vkpkj vkjS 'kk"s k.k dks mtkxj fd;kA fdlkukas us bl ukVd eas eq[; fdjnkj
fuHkk;]s ogh blds uk;d vkjS vfHkurs k FkAs rks u;h rjg ds bl ukVd uokUu us rkt+xh Hkjs ,d
u;s lkLa df` rd vkna kys u dh uhoa j[khA vkjS rc ls geus bIVk ds fy, dbZ xhr r;S kj fd;As geus
vius ukVdkas dks xkoa kas rd igqpa k;k vkjS jys os LV's kukas ij Hkh mudk inz 'kuZ fd;kA fdlkukas vkjS
xkz eh.kkas us gekjs ukVdkas eas fdjnkj fuHkk;]s [kqn vius ukVd Hkh fy[k]s mueas dke fd;k vkjS xkus
cuk;As blfy, ml le; ftl u;s vkna kys u dk vkx+kt+ gqvk] mls jk"Voª knh eku yus k x+yr gkxs kA
bl vkna kys u us vke turk dh prs uk eas ,d Økfa rdkjh cnyko ykus dh dkfs 'k'k dh] vkjS blus
^ihiqYl fFk;Vs j* tlS h xfrfof/k;kas ds t+fj;s vke turk dks Hkkxhnkj cukus dk i;z kl fd;kA gekjs
eqYd ds lHkh fgLlkas eas ;g txa y dh vkx dh rjg QyS kA bl ieS kus dk dkbs Z lkLa df` rd vkna kys u
ijw s Hkkjrh; bfrgkl eas nlw jk ugha gAS bldh rqyuk eas n[s kas rks 19 oha lnh ds cxa ky ds iqutkxZ j.k
eas rks flQ+Z e/;oxZ ds cqf)thoh gh 'kkfey gks ik;s FkAs

¼cxa ky ds tks fdlku vkjS [krs &et+njw bIVk eas dykdkj ds rkjS ij vk;]s ½ mueas ls cgqrkas ds uke
rks vc ;kn ugha gAaS gk]a ifz l) xk;d xqjnkl eq>s ;kn gAaS xqjnkl ,d fdlku ds cVs s FkAs ckn eas os

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 117

vk|S kfs xd et+njw cu x;As fQj n'kjFk yky FkAs os dkys dkrk dh Vkª e dia uh eas dke djus okys ,d
etn+ jw FkAs n'kjFk us ml nkjS eas dNq vPNs xhr fy[kAs muds tlS s vkjS Hkh FkAs tlS ]s vklke ds ,d fdlku
ds cVs ]s ek?s kkbZ vk>s kA os gekjs legw eas <kys ctkrs FkAs egkjk"Vª ds fdlku&iq=k vUuk HkkÅ lkBs FkAs
mUgkuas s ml nkjS eas dbZ ^rek'k*s vkjS ^ykof.k;k*a fy[khAa vej 'k[s +k vkjS xko.kdj muds lkFk FkAs ;s lHkh
fdlku&et+njw oxZ ls vkrs FkAs vej 'k[s k+ vkjS xko.kdj dh fLFkfr FkkMs +h cgs rj Fkh] yfs du vUuk HkkÅ
et+njw ds cVs s Fks vkjS [kqn Lye eas jgus okys ,d et+njw FkAs mUgkuas s dqN cgqr mEnk dfork,]a ykof.k;ka
vkjS rek'ks fy[kAs vki xk+ jS djxas s fd fgna Lq rku ds fofHkUu fgLlkas ds fdlku lenq k; ls bl rjg ds vuds
dykdkj mHkjs vkjS bIVk ds vka nkys u eas 'kkfey gq,A ;g #>ku vkt+knh feyus ds dkQ+h ckn rd Hkh
tkjh jgkA yfs du /khj&s /khjs geus ik;k fd vkna kys u viuh xfr [kks pyk gAS legw VVw us yxAs dqN ykxs
bl rF; dks <da u&s <kia us dh dkfs 'k'k djrs gaS fd bIVk dks dkbs Z yca k thou ugha feykA futh rkjS ij
eaS lkps rk gaw fd ;g vkna kys u ejk ugh]a cfYd blus vuds leku/kekZ ukV;~ &legw kas vkjS lxa hr&legw kas dks
tUe fn;k] ftUgkuas s ^dyk turk ds }kjk vkjS turk ds fy,* ij vk/kkfjr bIVk ds mlyw kas dk ikyu
fd;kA ;s u;s lkLa df` rd lxa Bu ijw s fgna Lq rku eas iuiAs blds ckn njvly bIVk uke ds ,d vkjS lxa Bu
dh t+:jr ugha FkhA ;g ,d dkj.k FkkA nlw jk dkj.k ;g Fkk fd Hkkjr eas vkjS ckgj okeiFa kh jktuhfrd
vkna kys ukas ds Hkhrj Øe'k% c<+rh gqbZ njkjkas us gekjs cqf)thfo;kas ds Hkhrj Hk;da j grk'kk dks tUe fn;kA
geus n[s kk fd phu vkjS :l ds chp dyg py jgk g]S ;xw kLs ykfo;k us [kqn dks iow hZ ;jw kis dh jktuhfr
ls vyx dj fy;k] vkjS fo;ruke eas jktuhfr us vyx gh jxa &<xa viuk fy;kA geus ;g Hkh n[s kk fd
Ýkla vkjS bVyh dh dE;qfuLV ikfV;Z ka viuh [k+kl jkg ij py jgh gaS vkjS fcYdqy vyx rjg dh pht+as
iLz rkfor dj jgh gAaS bu ?kVukvkas us gekjs cqf)thfo;kas ds chp cgqr Hkez vkjS grk'kk QyS k;h vkjS
vyx&vyx jxa &<xa dh vuds dE;qfuLV ikfV;Z kas dks tUe fn;k] tlS s lh-ih-vkb-] lh-ih-vkb-¼,e½]
uDlykbV ¼yfs uuoknh&ekvkos knh½ bR;kfn] vkjS bldk gekjs ixz fr'khy lkLa df` rd vkna kys ukas ij cgqr
vlj iM+kA okeiFa kh cqf)thfo;kas vkjS dykdkjkas eas vk;s bl Hkez vkjS grk'kk us dyk eas nqckjk verw uZ
dks mHkjus eas vkjS ^dyk dyk ds fy,* dks et+crw gkus s eas enn dhA lkotZ fud epa ij v'yhyrk /
khj&s /khjs cgqr vke gks x;h] felky ds fy,] lkotZ fud fFk;Vs j e]as ;gka rd fd tk=kkvkas ¼ykds ukV;~ k½as
eas Hkh] dcS js Mkla dh 'kq#vkr gks x;hA ixz fr'khy lkLa df` rd vkna kys u ij bl rjg dk geyk gkus s dk
dkj.k ;g Fkk fd ,drkc) oke lkLa df` rd vkna kys u foHkkftr gks x;k FkkA vHkh] bu fnuk]as ge ,d u;k
LQqfyxa fQj ls n[s k jgs gAaS vkt ds dbZ dykdkj ,d ,dhdr` okeiFa kh lkLa df` rd vkna kys u 'kq: djus
ds rjhd+kas ds ckjs eas cgqr ltx :i ls lkps jgs gAaS euaS s mueas ls db;kas ds lkFk bl lHa kkouk ij fopkj
fd;k gAS yfs du eaS egllw djrk gaw fd ge nqckjk bIVk dks lkeus ugha yk ldrAs ge ml nkjS dh rjg
ds ieS kus ij xhr xkus ;k ukVd efa pr djus ds ckjs eas ugha lkps ldrAs geus vkt ls rhl vkjS iraS hl
lky igys tks fd;k] mls vkt u dj ikus dk lcls cM+k dkj.k ;g gS fd tulpa kj ek/;ekas dh
vkckgs ok bu lkykas eas vkeyw pyw cny x;h gAS ml le; ,d lky eas nl&ckjg ls T+;knk fQ+Yeas ugha
curh Fkh]a blfy, ge fQ+Yekas dh ifz r}fa }rk eas vius ukVdkas dks [kM+k dj ldrs FkAs ml nkjS eas fQ+Yeas
lkQ+&lqFkjs rjhd+s ls dgkuh dgus dk ek/;e FkhAa 'kjr pna z pVth]Z cfa de pna z pVthZ bR;kfn dh
dgkfu;kas vkjS nlw js Hkkjrh; DykflDl ij fQ+Yeas curh FkhAa dqN dks NkMs +dj] T+;knkrj dgkfu;ka gekjs
lkLa df` rd Økfa rdkjh vkna kys u ds fy, dkbs Z [k+rjk i's k ugha djrh FkhAa blfy, gekjs jfS Mdy ukVd

118 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

mu fnukas dh fQ+Yekas ds lkFk vklkuh ls ifz r;kfs xrk dj ldrs FkAs yfs du vkt cuus okyh fQ+Yekas dh
l[a ;k nl ls c<+ dj Ng lkS ifz ro"kZ gks pdq h g!S —

¼Pkkyhl ds n'kd eas rk½s bIVk dk vlj t+cnLZ r FkkA bldh otg ;g Fkh fd tlS s gh vra oLZ rq
cnyh] Q+keW Z Hkh cnykA xhrkas dk Hkh Q+keW Z cnyk vkjS fFk;Vs j ds Q+kEW lZ eas Hkh rCnhyh vk;hA ikLs Vj
ukVdkas ds epa u gkus s yxs tks ykxs kas rd lh/ks viuh ckr igpqa krs FkAs bIVk us <js kas y[s kdkas vkjS dykdkjkas
dks lxa Bu dh vkjs vkdf"krZ fd;kA Hkkjr ds egkure lkLa df` rd O;fDrRokas eas ls 80 ifz r'kr rks
bIVk dh inS kokj gAaS felky ds fy,] bIVk u gkrs h rks lfyy pk/S kjh Hkh ugha gkrs kA eaS mlh vkna kys u
dh inS kokj gAaw bIVk us cyjkt lkguh] 'kHa kq fe=k] mRiy nRr tlS s dykdkj inS k fd;(s _fRod ?kVd
vkjS e.` kky lus tlS s fQ+Yedkj vkjS vej 'k+s[k tlS s xk;d fn;As bu lcdks blh vkna kys u us x<+k
FkkA vkèa kz vkjS djs y eas mu inz 's kkas ds pkVs h ds y[s kd vkjS fQ+Yedkj bl vkna kys u eas 'kkfey gq,A
rks ge dg ldrs gaS fd bldk vlj cgqr t+cnLZ r FkkA ¼gk]a cqf)thfo;kas vkjS vfHktkr oxZ ls vkxs
fuEuoxZ ,oa ofa pr rcd+kas eas bldh fdruh iBS cu ik;h]½ ;g vna kt+k yxkuk FkkMs +k eqf'dy gAS
yfs du vxj vki n[s kas fd gekjs dykdkjkas dk muds chp fdl rjg ls Lokxr gkrs k Fkk] rks FkkMs +k
vna kt+k yxk ldrs gAaS eaS ,d mnkgj.k nAaw tc gekjk legw lqna jou ds dkd}hi eas ,d ukVd [kys us
igqpa k] rks gekjh eqykd+kr ,d ,ls s fdlku ls gqbZ tks eqdqna nkl ds ykds ukV;~ kas eas dke djrs FkAs
viuh vfHku; ifz rHkk ds fy, mUgas vius thoudky eas lkS ls vf/kd eMs y fey pqds FkAs mUgkuas s
gekjs ukVd ls vfHkHkrw gkds j geas mueas ls ,d eMs y fn;kA euaS s vius thou eas blls cM+k lEeku
dHkh ugha ik;k gAS fdlkukas ds chp mldh uhykeh djus ij geas pkj gt+kj #i;s feyAs ckn eas eq>s
mls cps us dk cgqr eyky gqvkA eq>s ml bykd+s ds fdlkukas ds ykHk ds fy, ;g dke djuk iM+k
FkkA

;g rks cl ,d mnkgj.k Fkk fd vke tu ij gekjk dlS k iHz kko FkkA os egllw djrs Fks fd
gekjs xkus vkjS ukVd lpeqp mUgha ds fy, FkAs bl rjg ds rt+qcZs geas dbZ ckj gq,A ij mlds ckn
D;k gqvk\ gekjs jktuhfrd thou vkjS lkFk gh lkFk oke ekps Zs dh jktuhfr eas c<+rh grk'kk ds pyrs
gekjs legw fc[kjus yxAs dkxa lsz ds vkjS HkLw okfe;kas ds 'kklu eas iqfyl us oke jktuhfr eas 'kkfey
ykxs kas dks pqu&pqu dj ;kruk nus k 'kq: fd;kA ikVhZ ml lda V ds nkjS eas urs R` o nus s eas ukdke jghA
¼;kn j[k½as bIVk dk urs R` o dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds gkFk eas FkkA mldh lHkh bdkb;kas dkA ml le; ;g
vfoHkkftr dE;qfuLV ikVhZ FkhA ih-lh- tk's kh tks ikVhZ ds egklfpo Fk]s bl vkna kys u dks urs R` o ns
jgs FkAs ij bIVk dk urs R` o dE;qfuLVkas ds gkFkkas eas Hkys gk]s bldk y{; lHkh rjD+d+hilna oke #>ku
okys y[s kdkas vkjS dykdkjkas dks ,d epa ij lkFk ykuk FkkA blfy, bleas flQ+Z dE;qfuLV ugha Fk]s
Hkys gh urs R` o dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ns jgh gkAs dbZ ,ls s dykdkj vkjS xk;d Hkh bIVk eas Fks ftUgas jktuhfr
ls dkbs Z eryc ugha FkkA dHkh&dHkh dkbs Z cM+k dykdkj gekjs legw eas 'kkfey gks tkrk] tlS s eukjs ta u
HkVV~ kpk;Z tlS s vfHkurs k] ftUgas ge egf"kZ dgrs FkAs os lh/k&s lh/ks jktuhfr eas ;d+hu ugha djrs Fk]s
blds ckotnw os bIVk vkna kys u eas 'kkfey gq,A ,ls s ldS M+kas uke eaS ;kn dj ldrk gaw ftudk dE;qfuLV
ikVhZ ds lkFk dkbs Z jktuhfrd lca /a k ugha Fkk] ckotnw blds fd os tkurs Fks fd bldk urs R` o okeifa Fk;kas
ds gkFkkas gAS

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 119

bIVk us lektoknh Økfa r ij cy fn;kA ykxs kas dks tkx:d cukuk bIVk dk y{; FkkA tkx:d cukus
ds lkFk&lkFk ifsz jr djuk HkhA tc eaS fdlh ls dgrk gaw fd ;s rqEgkjs vf/kdkj gaS vkjS rqe vius vf/
kdkjkas ls ofa pr fd;s tk jgs gk]s rks fuLlna gs eaS mls vf/kdkjkas ds fy, mB [kM+s gkus s dks ifsz jr Hkh dj
jgk gkrs k gAaw vius bl y{; dh fn'kk eas dke djrs gq, bIVk us lekt ij xgjk iHz kko NkMs +kA vkt
dbZ pht+as tks gkfly g]aS os bIVk ds ;kxs nku dh otg ls gh lHa ko gks ik;hAa bIVk dk lkLa df` rd vkna kys u
vkjS fdlku vkna kys u mu vf/kdkjkas ds fy, ft+Eens kj gaS tks vkt fdlkukas vkjS et+njw kas dks feys gq, gAaS

gekjs vkna kys u dk [+kpkZ turk ls vkrk FkkA os nku ugha nrs s FkAs ge mUgas lLrh fVdVas cps rs FkAs
fdlkukas ds chp tc ge ukVd [kys rs rks os gekjs [kku&iku dk bra t+ke djrs Fks vkjS gekjs fy, /ku
mxkgh Hkh djrs FkAs ikVhZ eas dqN dqyoD+rh ykxs Fk]s ejs h rjgA eaS ikVhZ ls 30 #i;s eghus ikrk FkkA ;gh
ejs h dekbZ FkhA tks ikVhZ lnL; ugha Fk]s mueas Hkh dbZ ykxs cgs n lefirZ FkAs os eq¶+r eas dke djrs FkAs
fdlku ykxs ge's kk ;g lqfuf'pr djrs fd geas dqN [kkus dks feyAs tks dqN muds ikl gkrs k] mlh eas
ls geas Hkh f[kykrAs ;g ijia jk vkt Hkh gAS ge 4 vkus ls 8 vkus rd dh fVdVas Hkh cps rs Fks vkjS ;g
lxa Bu dh dekbZ gkrs h FkhA ¼fQj Hkh vkfFkdZ vlqj{kk dk rk½s lkeuk geas djuk gh iM+rk FkkA fuLlna gs ]
bldk Hkh ifz rdyw vlj iM+kA vkna kys u ds fy, dke djrs gekjs dbZ yM+dkas dks db&Z dbZ fnukas dk Q+kd+k
djuk iM+rkA mueas ls dbZ py Hkh clAs ekrS as flQ+Z Q+kd+s ds pyrs ugh]a ;kruk vkjS d+nS vkjS cqjh rjg
ekj [kkus ds pyrs Hkh gqbAaZ yfs du eaS dgxaw k fd vkfFkdZ vlqj{kk us yM+dkas ds tk's k dks mruk ugha rkMs +k]
D;kfas d euaS s mUgas nk&s nk]s rhu&rhu fnukas rd fcuk dqN [kk;s xkoa kas eas ?kew rs vkjS ukVd [kys rs n[s kk gAS tc
ykxs ,d vkn'kZ ls ifsz jr gkrs s gaS rks os NkVs h&ekVs h dfBukb;kas dks ut+jvna kt+ dj tkrs gAaS T+;knkrj oD+r
ejs h tcs eas 2 vkuk Hkh ugha gkrs k FkkA ejs s uke ij okjVa tkjh jgrs FkAs eq>s cgqr inS y pyuk Hkh iM+rk
FkkA yfs du euaS s bls dHkh d"Vinz ugha ekukA vly e]as gekjs ikl viuh futh lqfo/kkvkas ds fy,
lkps us dk le; gh ugha FkkA vc ge futh lqfo/kkvkas dh vun[s kh djus ds ckjs eas lkps Hkh ugha ldrAs
eaS [kqn Hkh ugha lkps ldrkA

¼;g le> fd vkt+knh dk vkna kys u gh bIVk dks cuk;s j[kus dk dkj.k Fkk vkjS vkt+knh feyrs
gh mlds pyrs jgus dh otg [k+Re gks x;h½ v'a kr% gh lgh gAS bIVk eas T+;knk cM+h rknkn jktuhfrd
:i ls ltx ykxs kas dh FkhA os vkt+knh ds lkFk Fke tkus okys ykxs ugha Fk]s cfYd bls vkxs lkekftd
Økfa r dh fn'kk eas ys tkus dh bPNk j[kus okys ykxs FkAs vycRrk] ftudk y{; vxa tzs +kas dks Hkkjr ls
Hkxkuk Fkk] os ed+ln vkjS ijsz .kk ls vo'; ofa pr gks x;As vxj vki n[s kas rks vkt+knh ls igys vkjS
vkt+knh ds ckn Hkh bIVk ds ifz r Hkkjr ljdkj dk jo;S k ,d&lk FkkA dkj.k ;g fd gekjk eq[; t+kjs
rks itaw hifroxZ vkjS 'kk"s kdk]as HkLw okfe;kas ds f[k+ykQ+ FkkA pfaw d ljdkj eq[;r% bUgha dk i{k yrs h jgh]
blfy, gekjh xfrfof/k;kas dks mlus ilna ugha fd;kA ¼ftUgkuas s vkt+knh ds ckn ljdkj cuk;h½ mUgkuas s
vkt+knh ls igys Hkh dHkh gekjh enn ugha dhA u ilS s l]s u fdlh vkjS rjhd+s lAs vkt+knh ds ckn
rks os gekjs dVV~ j nq'eu gks x;As geas ljdkj ds vf/kdkfj;kas dh vkjs ls [k+klk fojk/s k >ys uk iM+kA
yca s le; rd jfs M;ks LV's ku ds Hkou eas gekjk ioz 's k ifz rcfa /kr jgk] D;kfas d ge dE;qfuLV FkAs ;gka
rd fd gekjs tks xkus fdlkukas vkjS et+njw kas dh ons uk dh ckr djrs Fk]s mUgas jfs M;ks ds t+fj;s iLz rqr
djus dk ekdS +k ugha fn;k x;kA ;g vkt+knh ds ckn Hkh pyrk jgkA eaS rHkh jfs M;ks LV's ku eas ioz 's k
dj ik;k tc eq>s ykds fi;z rk fey x;hA vkt Hkh eaS viuh jpukvkas ds }kjk vxj O;oLFkk dh

120 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

vkykps uk djuk pkgaw rks llas j eq>s ckf/kr djxs kA llas jf'ki ds pyrs eaS viuh jpukvkas eas Økfa r dh
ckr ugha dj ldrkA

vkt+knh ds ckn ds nkjS eas Hkh eq>s iqfyl neu lguk iM+kA ,ls h dbZ ?kVuk,a gqbAaZ ge ge's kk
Hkfw exr gh jgrs FkAs 1946 ls 1950 rd eaS Hkfw exr jgkA ,d ckj ge ¼dydRrk e½as Lekjd ds
ikl bdVB~ k gq, vkjS xkus yxAs geus iqfyl }kjk gj txg fpidk;h x;h ifz rcfa /kr xkukas dh lpw h
n[s khA bleas yxHkx 20 xhrkas dk mYy[s k FkkA ,d ls M<s + yk[k ykxs os xkus lquus vk;s FkAs iqfyl
Hkh FkhA gekjs yM+dkas us epa dks ?kjs j[kk Fkk vkjS geas vk'oLr fd;k Fkk fd ^lfyy nk] xkuk tkjh
jf[k,] ge bu nkxs ykas dks jkds us ugha nxas As * vkjS ge iqfyl dh vogys uk djrs ogh xkus xkrs jgAs
blds ckn ge ?kj pys x;As iqfyl dqN dj ugha ik;h] D;kfas d lquus okykas dh rknkn bruh Fkh fd
iqfyl muds lkeus eqVB~ h Hkj FkhA rks mlus lpw h fpidkus dk viuk dke djus ds ckn mUgha xkukas
dks [kM+s gkds j lqukA

eaS [kq'kfd+Ler Fkk fd ml nkjS eas dHkh fxj¶+rkj ugha gqvkA rhu&pkj ckj cky&cky cpkA
ekgs Een vyh ikdZ eas gqbZ ,d ?kVuk ;kn gAS ge fo|kfFk;Z kas ds ,d tekoM+s eas xk jgs FkAs vpkud
iqfyl vk;h] geas mlus ?kjs fy;k vkjS ekjus yxhA ikdZ ml le; lM+d dh lrg ls Åij FkkA rks
ykxs dnw dnw dj lM+d ij Hkkxus yxAs iqfyl gekjk gkjekfs u;e Nhu ys x;hA dbZ ykxs kas us dnw
dj vius ?kqVus ?kk;y dj fy;As vkjS iqfyl us mu lc ykxs kas dks fxj¶+rkj dj fy;k tks ?kk;y ?kqVukas
ds pyrs yxa M+k dj py jgs FkAs eaS Hkh dnw dj Hkkxk vkjS lh/kk efs Mdy dkyW ts ds ikl ds ,d
Nk=kkokl eas x;kA tlS s gh fo|kfFk;Z kas us eq>s n[s kk] eq>s vna j ys x;]s ^lfyy nk] vna j vkb,A* bl
rjg ml fnu eaS cky&cky cpkA vxys fnu os lHkh ykxs tks ?kk;y ?kqVukas ds pyrs yxa M+k jgs Fk]s
fxj¶+rkj dj fy;s x;As idM+s tkus ds ckn mUgas cqjh rjg ihVk x;kA iqfyl mu lcdks ykyckt+kj
iqfyl Fkkus ys x;h] mUgas cQ+Z dh flfYy;kas ij fyVk;k x;k vkjS cqjh rjg ihVk x;kA

ejs s ,d dkeW jMs Mfs oM dkgs u~ vkjS eaS ldqyZ j jkMs ds ikl ,d txg lkFk jgrs FkAs ;g ,ls k
bykd+k Fkk tgka T+;knkrj ,Xas yk&s bfa M;u lDs l odlZ Z jgrha vkjS viuh vkthfodk pykrh FkhAa Mfs oM
us fdlh rjg mu efgykvkas ds ?kjkas eas ,d dejs dk tqxkM+ dj fy;k Fkk] ;g lkps dj fd fdlh
dks lna gs ugha gkxs k fd ,ls h txg ij Hkh dE;qfuLV jg ldrs gAaS ,d ckj eaS lkus kjiqj x;kA eq>s
bIVk }kjk vk;kfs tr 'kke ds ,d dk;ØZ e eas Hkkx yus k FkkA ge yxHkx ijw h jkr ogka xkrs jgAs lqcg
eaS dydRrk eas vius Nqius dh txg ij ykVS jgk Fkk fd xk;d d"` .kk o|a kis k/;k; u]s tks ejs s ifz r
cgqr Lugs j[krh Fkh]a eq>s jkds kA os tkurh Fkha fd eaS ykVS jgk gaw vkjS os Vkª e dh ykbu ds ikl ejs k
bra t+kj dj jgh FkhAa mUgkuas s eq>s Vkª e ls mrj tkus dks dgkA ckys h]a ^rqEgkjs ?kj ij dy jkr nfc'k
iM+h gAS vHkh er tkvkAs * ,d gh fnu igys euaS s nks dkeW jMs l~ dks vius dejs ij j[kk Fkk tks
tyikbxZ qM+h tys ls Hkkxs FkAs Mfs oM dkgs u~ Hkh ogka FkkA ,d v[k+ckj dk ifz rfuf/k Hkh Fkk tks ejs k bra t+kj
dj jgk Fkk] D;kfas d euaS s mls dqN fy[k dj nus s dk ok;nk fd;k FkkA iqfyl us bu lcdk]s yxHkx
X;kjg&ckjg ykxs kas dk]s fxj¶+rkj dj fy;k vkjS vc ejs s ykVS us dk bra t+kj dj jgh FkhA bl ckj Hkh
igys ls lpw uk feyus ds pyrs eaS cky&cky cpkA bl rjg dh ?kVuk,a dbZ ckj gqbAaZ

gekjs ukVdkas dks ifz rcfa /kr djuk eqf'dy Fkk] D;kfas d ge mUgas Niokrs ugha FkAs os ikMa qfyfi
dh 'kDy eas gh gkrs s FkAs ifz rcfa /kr gkus s ls cpkus ds fy, ge muds 'kh"kdZ Hkh yxkrkj cnyrs jgrs

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 121

FkAs felky ds fy,] geus ,d ukVd dk 'kh"kdZ ^,bZ ekVh r*s ls cny dj ^ekVhj ekuql* dj fn;kA
,ls k djds ge mUgas ckj&ckj [kys ikrs Fk]s D;kfas d iqfyl dh fuxkg ge's kk gekjs ukVdkas ij jgrh FkhA

¼tgka rd fy[kus okykas dk loky g½S ge lc ukVd fy[kk djrs FkAs dqN euaS s fy[k]s dqN vfuy
?kk"s k uAs fctu nk rks cgqr gh mEnk ukVddkj FkAs mUgkuas s lijs kas ds thou ij ,d lkxa hfrd ukVd
fy[kk Fkk] ^ft;u&dkUs ;k*A dbZ vkjS ykxs fy[kus okys FkAs yfs du eaS ukVd okys xqiz ls T+;knk lxa hr
okys xqzi ls tqM+k FkkA ukVd ds xqzi dh dbZ ckras eaS ugha tkurkA euaS s [kqn tks fy[kk] mUgas gh tkurk
gAaw tlS s euaS s ,d ukVd fy[kk] lda rs A d#.kk nh ¼vfHku=s kh d#.kk cuth]Z tks lR;ftr jk; dh viw
=k;h eas viw dh ekrk cuh½a us bleas vfHku; fd;k FkkA mRiy nRr vkjS dkyh cuthZ us Hkh bleas dke
fd;kA euaS s ml ukVd dh ikMa qfyfi [kks nh gAS ;g ukVd ifz rcfa /kr ugha gqvk Fkk] D;kfas d ;g e/
;oxh;Z thou ij vk/kkfjr FkkA ;g de&l&s de eq[kj rkjS ij jktuhfrd ugha FkkA

ejs s vykok mRiy nRr dkQ+h ikLs Vj ukVdkas dk y[s ku dj jgs FkAs _fRod ?kVd us Hkh dbZ ukVd
fy[ks vkjS fun'Zs ku Hkh fd;kA fnftu nk us Hkh dbZ ukVd fy[kAs

¼xhrkas dh ckr dj]as rk½s ifz rjk/s k&xhrkas dh tks ijia jk ihNs ls pyh vk jgh Fkh] og vius LoHkko
eas jk"Voª knh FkhA ut+#y bLyke us vius xhrkas eas rh[ks ifz rjk/s k ds Loj dks mHkkjk] ^dkjk&j vkbs Z ykgS ks
dikV] Hkxas s Qys Vqdjks nqikV*A VxS kjs us Hkh dbZ ifz rjk/s k&xhr xk;]s gkykfa d muds ;gka Økfa r dk ,ls k
[kqyk vkgo~ ku ugha gAS vrqy ilz kn lus vkjS f}tnas yz ky js bR;kfn us Hkh jk"Voª knh Hkkouk ls ifsz jr bl
rjg ds dqN xhr fy[kAs ij geus bu jk"Voª knh Hkkoukvkas ls ,d d+ne vkxs tkus dk i;z kl fd;k]
vkjS mls lektoknh Økfa r dh fn'kk eas c<+k;kA gekjk y{; Fkk] ,d ,ls s lekt dk fuek.Z k tks fdlkuk]as
et+njw kas vkjS e/;oxh;Z cqf)thfo;k&as &bu lcdh Hkkxhnkjh vkjS ,drk ij vk/kkfjr gkAs ge 'kk"s k.k ds
gj :i ds f[k+ykQ+ yM+uk pkgrs FkAs ;s fo"k; 1944 ds ckn ds nkjS eas fy[ks x;s xhrkas eas gh mHkj
dj vk;As mueas ekDloZ knh ck/s k FkkA blfy, ;s xhr vius iow oZ rhZ xhrkas ls fHkUu FkAs

vkykps dkas dks ejs s xhrkas eas tks u;h ckr ut+j vk;h] og ;g fd ejs s xhr T+;knk&l&s T+;knk ykxs kas
rd igqpa us dk i;z kl djrs FkAs ejs s xhr ^xk;a js ck/s kq* dks ;kn djAas ;g ,d vk[;kuijd xhr g]S
fd+Llk lqukus tlS kA ;g fd+Llkxkbs Z okyk Q+keW Z cgqr T+;knk xhrkas eas ugha feyrkA ;k fQj ^/kms mBRN]s
dkjk VqVRN*s ds fjne~ ij fopkj dj]as tgka LFkk;h] vra jk vkjS lpa kjh dh ikjia fjd xfr ugha feyrh]
ml Q+keW Z dks ijw h rjg ;gka cny Mkyk x;k FkkA ;k fQj lqdkra HkVV~ kpk;Z dh yca h dfork ^juj*
dh Loj&;kts uk ij fopkj djAas bl dfork eas u rks dkbs Z eq[kM+k Fkk] u vra jkA tlS &s tlS s xkuk lkeus
vkrk g]S ,ls k yxrk gS tlS s fQ+Ye dh rjg ,d ds ckn ,d n'` ; lkeus vkrs tk jgs gAaS bl dfork
dh vra oLZ rq] Loj&;kts uk ds rjhd+s eas Hkh ,ls s vkeyw pyw cnyko dh ekxa dj jgh Fkh vkjS bldh V;~ uw
eas u;s ukVs l~ dh Hkh ekxa dj jgh FkhA

euaS s ykds /kqukas dk bLres ky djds cgqr xhr r;S kj ugha fd;As dqN xhr t+:j mu ij vk/kkfjr
g]aS tlS s ^gbs lkHa kkyks /kku gk*s ;k ^vks ekns j n's kkcs k'kh j*s A eaS vk/kqfud lxa hr ds ifz r T+;knk vkdf"krZ
Fkk vkjS mls yds j euaS s T+;knk dke fd;kA ftu ykxs kas us ykds /kqukas ds lkFk dke fd;k] tlS s ges xa nk]
muds dke dk ogh ikz Fkfed {k=s k FkkA blfy, nkus kas rjg ds xkus ml le; lekukra j /kkjkvkas ds :i
eas vkrs jgAs

122 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

,ls k ugha gS fd Q+keW Z flQ+Z vra oLZ rq ds cnyko ds pyrs gh ifjofrrZ gqvkA euaS s if'peh lxa hr
dh ,d [k+kl VDs uhd] gkeuZ h dh VDs uhd dks ml rjg ls viuh vk/kqfud Loj&jpuk eas bLres ky fd;k
ftl rjg ls og cxa kyh Loj&jpuk eas igys bLres ky ugha dh x;h FkhA vc tks ykxs gkeuZ h dks ugha
le>r]s os lkps rs gaS fd ;g nks ;k rhu vyx&vyx /kqukas dks ,d lkFk xk nus k Hkj gAS yfs du ;g
lp ugha gAS vki gkeuZ h dks lxa hr dh idM+ ds :i eas le> ldrs gAaS vkDlQ+kMs Z E;fw t+d fMD'kujh
dgrh gS fd gkeuZ h lqj dh ik's kkd gAS tc vki ,d dkMW Z dk bLres ky djrs gq, fxVkj ;k fi;kuks
;k gkekfZs u;e ctk jgs gaS vkjS mlh dkMW Z ij pyrh /kqu ds lkFk xk Hkh jgs g]aS rks ogh gkeuZ h dks inS k
djrk gAS pfaw d ;gh gkeuZ h dk vk/kkj g]S blfy, ,d vkneh Hkh xkuk xk jgk gks rks og gkeuZ h dks
vftrZ dj ldrk gAS euaS s gh lcls igys gkeuZ h ij vk/kkfjr Loj&jpuk vkjHa k dhA felky ds fy,]
^vks vkykjs iFktk=kh*] ^/kms mBRN]s dkjk VVw RN*s bR;kfnA gkeuZ h ds vk/kkj ij ftu xkukas dh jpuk dh
x;h] os ml nkjS dh inS kokj Fk]s ftls euaS s viuh vk/kqfud Loj&jpuk eas vkjS Hkh fodflr fd;kA

bIVk }kjk ml nkjS eas vk;kfs tr gkus s okys ykds lkLa df` rd tekoM+kas eas ykds dykdkj fofHkUu
ykds :ikas dks yds j vkrs FkAs ml le; ge ykxs cxa kyh ykds lxa hr eas ektS nw fofHkUu ykds :ikas
dks tku ik;As rHkh euaS s igyh ckj ekynk ft+ys dk ^xHa khjk* lqukA fQj geus xHa khjk dk ,d legw
cuk;k vkjS blh rjg vkxs geus ^Hkkvkbs ;k*] ^HkfV;kyh* vkjS vle ds ^chg*w xkus okykas ds legw
cuk;As fQj fcgkj ls vkus okys n'kjFk us fcgkj dk ^fcjgk* xkus okykas dk legw cuk;kA ge viuh
lkxa hfrd iLz rqfr;kas eas bu lc Q+kEW lZ dks ykrs FkAs ;s lHkh igys ls gekjs eqYd eas Fk]s yfs du bIVk
us mudk ftl rjg bLres ky fd;k] olS k igys ugha gqvk FkkA geus mudk bLres ky fd;k ¼mueas
Økfa rdkjh vra oLZ rq Mky dj½A ges xa nk us bueas ls ,d ykds :i dk bLres ky dj viuk u;k xkuk
r;S kj fd;k] ^vks ekmVa cVs u lkgc] gw xkVW dLVMh vkQW + ;kjs cVs uA*

xkukas ds t+fj;s ¼fojk/s k O;Dr djus dk½ dke vklku gAS vki ,d ukVd dks ,d O;fDr ds
ekè;e ls ugha iLz rqr dj ldrAs de&l&s de 10&30 ykxs epa u ds fy, pkfg, gkrs s gAaS fjglyZ
dh Hkh t+:jr gkrs h gAS yca h vkjS dfBu r;S kjh ds ckn gh vki mudk inz 'kuZ dj ldrs gAaS nlw jh
vkjs ] ,d vPNs xkus eas {kerk gkrs h gS fd og Jkrs k dks rqjra rYyhu dj ns vkjS xkus okys ds lkFk
ml ifz Ø;k eas 'kkfey dj yAs bl rjg xkus ipz kj vkjS tulpa kj dk ,d vnH~ kqr ek/;e gAaS

geus cxa ky eas bIVk dks ,d LFkkuh; lxa Bu ds :i eas 'kq: fd;k] yfs du cca bZ eas mldk ,d
dnas hz ; nLrk r;S kj fd;k x;k] tgka n's k Hkj ls ifz rHkkvkas dks yk;k x;kA nLrs ds dES ikas eas ;s dykdkj
jgrs Fks vkjS ogka dh jlkbs Z eas muds fy, [kkuk curk FkkA ;g ,d dnas hz ; Viwª ds :i eas dke djrk
Fkk] tks ijw s Hkkjr ls vius lla k/ku tqVkrk FkkA fcu; nk ogka Fk]s ihz fr o|a kis k/;k; Hkh FkhAa jfo'kda j
Hkh lxa Bu ls tqM+s FkAs 'kkfa r o)uZ us uR` ; legw dk iHz kkj fy;k FkkA os lc fey dj lxa Bu dks pykrs
FkAs eaS rks cxa ky bIVk eas gh jgkA 1953 eas cxa ky NkMs +us ds ckn ls eaS bIVk ls tqM+k ugha jg ik;kA
blfy, mlds ckn dh xfrfof/k;kas ds ckjs eas dkbs Z fVIi.kh djuk ejs s fy, lHa ko ugha gAS

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 123

tu ukV~; dk og nkSj

vtqZu ?kks"k

chloha lnh dk pkSFkk vkSj ikapok n'kd ,d ,sls nkSj dks fpfÌr djrk gS] tc Hkkjr ds Lok?khurk
vkanksyu esa dkaxzsl dh ifjlhekvksa ls ckgj vR;ar vkewy ifjorZu gqvkA bl dky esa izxfr'khy
ys[kd la?k ¼1936½ vkSj bIVk ¼1943½ dk xBu gqvkA ;g og le; Fkk tc ;wjksi ij Q+klhokn dh
dkyh Nk;k eaMjk jgh FkhA dE;qfuLV baVjus'kuy dh vksj ls yksdfiz; tuekspkZ cukus dh dk;Zuhfr
us laLÑfr ij Q+klhoknh geys ds fo#) ys[kdksa vkSj dykdkjksa dh O;kid ,drk d+k;e djus ds
vkg~oku dk ladsr fn;kA varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ds izxfr'khy lakLÑfrd vkanksyu dh jktuhfrd ykbu
dks mlds Hkkjrh; vax us Hkh viuk;k] ysfdu ;wjksi esa Q+klhokn ds yxkrkj lQy gksrs geys ds lanHkZ
esa fNM+s oSf'od la?k"kZ dk ge ij mlls dgha T+;knk Bksl izHkko iM+kA izxhr'khy ys[kd la?k us igpkuk
fd Hkkjr dh laLÑfr o lH;rk dks [k+rjk] ml ij vkSifuosf'kd 'kklu ds }kjk Fkksih x;h nqnZ'kk ls
Hkh lapkfyr gSA izxfr'khy ys[kd la?k vkSj mlds ckn bIVk us Hkh vius fy, frxquk [k+rjk
n[s kkcµ <+rh gbq Z tkikuh Q+ktS kas ds gey]s Hkkjr ij rkRdkfyd Q+klhoknh [k+rjk vkjS edS kyW s dk fl)kra ]
tks Hkkjrh; dyk vkSj laLÑfr dks cnuke djrs FksA ;s lc Hkkjrh; laLÑfr ij izfrfØ;koknh ifjHkk"kk
Fkksius dh nf{k.kiaFkh dksf'k'k tkjh j[ks gq, FksA

gqxyh ¼caxky½ dh LVwMsaV Q+sMjs'ku us 1938 esa ,d o;Ld f'k{kk fczxsM cuk;kA 'kkafre; xqgk
us fczxsM ds fy, ,d y?kq ukVd eqfDrj vfHk;ku ¼Lokèkhurk dh ;k=kk½ fy[kk vkSj ;s yksx ft+ys ds
lHkh xkaoksa esa x;sA blds 'kh?kz ckn gh] nwljs ft+yksa dh LVwMsaV Q+sMjs'ku dh bdkb;ksa us Hkh bldk vuqlj.k
fd;kA 'kkafre; xqgk ;kn djrs gSa fd dHkh&dHkh rks mUgsa vius nkSjs ds nkSjku] yksxksa dh ekax ds vuqlkj
dkepykÅ izcaèk djds ukVd djuk iM+rk Fkk %

nkSjk djrs gq,] geas irk pyrk Fkk fd dksbZ fdlku vdky ;k t+ehankj ds }kjk fd;s x;s vR;kpkj
ds dkj.k ej x;k gSA ge nksigj ds [kkus ds ckn ml dgkuh dk IykWV cuk ysrs Fks] mls fofHkUu n`';ksa
esa foHkkftr djrs Fks vkSj muds vkjaHk o var esa mfpr izrhd pfj=kksa dk iz;ksx djrs FksA IykWV ds
lekèkku dk ge [kqn fu.kZ; djrs FksA jkr dks ge LVst ij tkrs Fks vkSj ,d NksVs ls ifjpk;d Hkk"k.k
ds ckn ukVd 'kq: gks tkrk FkkA tks yksx iks'kkdksa ds vHkko ds dkj.k fujk'k gksrs Fks] os Hkh ukVd esa
[kks tkrs Fks vkSj mls ns[krs jgrs FksA ukVd ds [k+Re gksus ij D;k [+kwc rkfy;ka ctrh FkhaA

tkikuh geys ds fojksèk ds vkèkkj ij 1940 esa Hkkjr dh dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ij vaxzst+ ljdkj }kjk
izfrcaèk gVk fy;k x;kA izxfr'khy ys[kd la?k vc T+;knk [kqys rkSj ij dke dj ldrk FkkA lh-
ih-vkb- ds eq[ki=k tu;q) ¼ihiqYlokWj dk caxkyh laLdj.k½ us ,dkadh ukVd izfr;ksfxrk dh ?kks"k.kk
dhA ukVd dh :ijs[kk ds vuqlkj] ukVd ,slk gks tks vke turk ds fy, mi;qDr gksA ukVd esa
fuEufyf[kr fo'ks"krk,a gksuh pkfg,%

bldk [kqys LFkkuksa esa eapu laHko gksuk pkfg,] lsV ;k iks'kkdksa ds :i esa bldh t+:jr cgqr

124 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

T+;knk ugha gksuh pkfg,A ;g dqN&dqN ^tk=kk* tSlk gksuk pkfg,A
bldh Hkk"kk ljy gksuh pkfg, rkfd vui<+ vke yksx Hkh mls vklkuh ls le> ldsaA
ukVd dh fo"k;&oLrq ,slh gks tks tkiku&fojksèkh Hkkouk,a mHkkj lds vkSj turk esa tkiku dk

izfrjksèk djus dk n`<+ fu'p; mRiUu dj ldsA
ukVd NksVk gksuk pkfg, vkSj mlds eapu esa Ms<+ ?kaVs ls T+;knk le; ugha yxuk pkfg,A
cgjgky] ;g izfr;ksfxrk vlQy jgh vkSj dksbZ Hkh vPNk ukVd ugha vk ik;kA LVwMsaV Qs+Mjs'ku

dh lkaLÑfrd fczxsMksa us Ng ft+yksa dk nkSjk fd;k ftlesa tkiku ds #drs gkscs ¼tkiku dks jksduk
gksxk½ ukVd dk eapu fd;kA 'kkafre; xqgk crkrs gSa fd nkSjs dk dk;ZØe cgqr gh nq"dj Fkk vkSj
xqfjYyk xfrfofèk;ksa ls feyrk&tqyrk FkkA

ftl le; bu nkSjksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k] vkèkqfud ifjogu&lkèku miyC/k ugha FksA
19 tuw Qµ us h LV's ku ls èkfw y;k xkoa igpaq us ds fy, geas 10 ehy inS y pyuk iM+kA
20 tuw èµ kfw y;k ls 11 ehy njw ckljq gkV ge inS y o uko ls igpaq As
23 tuw 'µ kke dks ge f=kijq k ft+ys esa ykyekbZ LV's ku igpaq s - - -
ge èkku ds [ksrksa ds chp esa lihZys jkLrksa ls cktqjk xkao dh rjQ+ 7 ehy pys vkSj ØkfUrdkjh xhr
xkrs gq, x;sA
bIVk ds xBu ds le; ixz fr'khy rkd+rkas ds lkeus ,d vkjS eíq k mifLFkr Fkkcµ Xa kky dk
Hk;kud vdkyA fofHkUu jkT;ksa esa bIVk dh 'kk[+kkvksa }kjk lakLÑfrd dk;ZØeksa ds ekè;e ls bl
ekuo&fu£er vdky ds fo#) vfHk;ku pyk;k x;k vkSj blds fy, vaxzst+h iz'kklu dks nks"kh Bgjk;k
x;kA ml le; tcfd lh-ih-vkb- us Q+klhokn&fojksèkh ;q) esa fe=k jk"Vªksa dk lkFk nsus dk vkg~oku
fd;k Fkk] vdky&fojksèkh vfHk;ku fu'p; gh vaxzst+h jkt ds f[+kykQ+ iM+rk FkkA ;g foMacuk gh gS

fd blh vfHk;ku us ml le; ds bIVk ds lcls izfl) ukVd uokUu ¼Q+ly dk mRlo½ dks tUe
fn;kA vdky ls jkgr ds fy, èku bdV~Bk djus dh izfØ;k esa bIVk us ns'k Hkj esa t+ksj&'kksj ls vfHk;ku
pyk;kA bldh cacbZ bdkbZ us fdlku&lHkk lEesyuksa vkSj fdlkuksa dh ehfVaxksa esa fu;fer :i ls
ukVd fn[kk;s] vkSj vdky ds fo"k; ij eq[; rkSj ij rek'kk vkSj iokM+k dk eapu fd;k] ftuesa
fn[kk;k tkrk Fkk fd fdl rjg xkao ds tek[k+ksj dks Hkw[k ls ihfM+r xkaookfl;ksa us vius ,drkc)
la?k"kZ ls gjk;kA

cacbZ bIVk us fu;fer :i ls xzqi fFk;sVj vkSj i`Foh fFk;sVj tSls ukVd&xzqiksa ds lkFk lg;ksx
cjrk FkkA vkaèkz esa lkaLÑfrd dke eq[; :i ls fdlku lHkk usVodZ }kjk iztk ukV~; eaMyh ¼rsyqxq
esa bIVk½ ds lkFk fey dj fd;k tkrk FkkA lkaLÑfrd dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds xzqi vius xhrksa] u`R;ksa] ukVdksa]
HkkVkas ds lkFk iwjs vka/kz dk nkSjk djrs FksA vka/kz iztk ukV~; eaMyh izxfr'khy mís';ksa gsrq yksddykvksa
dk iz;ksx djus ds fy, fo[;kr jgh gSA 1946 dh yksdfiz; gfjdFkkvksa esa ls ,d vkgqfr ¼cfynku½
Fkh tks caxky ds vdky ij vkèkkfjr Fkh vkSj mlds lHkh 5 izn'kZuksa esa yxHkx 10]000 Jksrkx.k
mldk vkuan ysrs FksA blh rjg ds dk;ZØe la;qDr izkar] eaxykSj] eykckj rFkk iatkc esa Hkh gqvk
djrs FksA

bIVk us ;g dksf'k'k Hkh dh fd og uo&izorZu djs vkSj ftrus fofHkUu ekè;eksa rd og igqap
ldrk gS] mudk iz;ksx djsA 1946 esa blus izn'kZu djus ds fy, Nk;kukVd ¼'kSMks Iys½ dh rduhd

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 125

dk bLrseky fd;kA 1943 esa ,p-,e-oh- bIVk ds fy, xkus fjdkWMZ djus ds fy, rS;kj gks x;kA
1946 esa bIVk us èkjrh ds yky fQ+Ye cukus dk fu.kZ; fy;k tks mu fQ+Yeksa ls fcYdqy gV dj Fkh
tks ml le; rd Hkkjr esa cuk;h tk jgh FkhaA ;g ns'k esa cuk;h x;h ^igyh okLrfod Q+hpj
MkWD;wesaVjh* Fkh ftlesa vdky&ihfM+r yksxksa dh n'kk dk fp=k.k FkkA èkjrh ds yky dks isfjl esa gksus
okys fQ+Ye Qs+fLVoy esa izn'kZu ds fy, pquk x;kA

ysfdu Lora=krk&iwoZ vofèk ds bIVk dks lcls T+;knk uokUu ds fy, ;kn fd;k tkrk gSA fctu
HkV~Vkpk;Z }kjk fyf[kr bl ukVd dh fctu HkV~Vpk;Z vkSj 'kEHkw fe=kk us lg&izLrqfr dh vkSj bldk
izFke eapu vDVwcj] 1944 esa gqvkA o;Ld f'k{kk fczxsM ;k tkiku ds #drs gkscs dh rjg bldk
eapu nkSjksa ds nkSjku xzkeh.k Jksrkvksa ds fy, ugha fd;k x;k] cfYd dydÙkk ds Jksrkvksa ds fy,
jaxihB fFk;sVjksa esa bldk eapu fd;k x;kA tc Hkh dydÙkk ls ckgj bldk eapu fd;k x;k] og
;k rks dE;qfuLV ikVhZ dh ehfVaxksa o dk;ZØeksa ;k fQj tu&laxBuksa ds fy, gksrk Fkk] ;g è;ku esa
j[k dj fd eap dh dqN cqfu;knh t+:jrsa iwjh gksrh gksaA bl izdkj bldh igqap mu yksxksa rd lhfer
Fkh ftudk ifjp; igys ls gh oke jktuhfr ls gks pqdk FkkA cgjgky] uokUu dh miyfC/k dqN vkSj
Hkh FkhA blus caxkyh fFk;sVj dks iru'khy O;kifjd eap ds iats ls cpk;k vkSj ewyHkwr <ax ls bldh
ifjlhekvksa dks iqu% ifjHkkf"kr fd;k] ftldk izHkko dbZ n'kdksa rd eglwl fd;k x;kA blus
lektoknh n`f"V ds izlkj ds mís'; dh iwfrZ djus ds fy, cakXyk fFk;sVj dh loksZÙke izfrHkkvksa dks
bdV~Bk fd;k vkSj blls bIVk us vR;fèkd izfr"Bk vftZr dhA

uokUu us dydÙkk ds O;kikfjd jaxeap ij izfrf"Br flrkjk&laLÑfr dk Hkh lkewfgd eq[kik=k@
uk;d ¼vehuiqj ds xkaooklh½ ds :i esa fodYi iznku fd;kA bl rjg dk iz;ksx djus dk lkgl
bIVk blhfy, dj ik;k D;ksafd og ckt+kjh O;kikfjd LVst ds equkQ+k ds mís'; ls eqDr Fkk vkSj mls
fopkjèkkjkRed rkSj ij xfBr ,d laxBu dk leFkZu izkIr FkkA dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds lkFk lac)
lkaLÑfrd laxBuksa us ikVhZ dh oSèkrk izfrf"Br djus esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk;hA ;g uokUu ds
eapu dk gh urhtk Fkk fd vxys rhu n'kdksa esa ckaXyk Hkk"kk dh egkure gfLr;ka bIVk ds >aMs rys
bdV~Bh gks x;haA vusd vkykspdksa vkSj fFk;sVj&bfrgkldkjksa us dydÙkk fFk;sVj vkSj xzqifFk;sVj
vkUnksyu ij uokUu ds nh?kZdkyhu izHkko dks js[kkafdr fd;k gSA

uokUu esa vdky dk fo'ys"k.k izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA ;g ukVd ml leknkj ifjokj dh n'kk
dk [k+kd+k [khaprk gS ftlus vius vehuiqj esa ft+ank jgus dh lHkh vk'kk,a NksM+ nh FkhaA

uokUu dk igyk eapu vDVwcj] 1944 esa gqvk tc caxky vdky ds lcls [k+jkc pj.k esa ls
xtq +j pdq k FkkA yfs du dydÙkk ds ykxs kas ds eu eas vdky ds t+[+e vHkh rkt+k Fkxµs fy;kas eas ekrS
ds nSfud n`'; vkSj pkSrjQ+k nqx±èk] ukVd dks ,d MkD;wesaVjh ds :i esa is'k fd;k x;k] ftldk mís';
ml oxhZ; <kaps dk fo'ys"k.k Fkk tks vdky ds fy, ft+Eesnkj FkkA blds ?kVuk&vkèkkfjr pfj=k us
vdky dh fofHkUu okLrfodrkvkas dk fp=k.k fd;kdµ kykckt+kfj;kas dh Hkfw edk] Hkfw e gM+ius okys dh
voljokfnrk] vehj yksxksa dh cs#[+kh] lekpkji=kksa ds Q+ksVksxzkQ+jksa dh cs'kehZ] jkgr izfØ;k dh
vdq'kyrkA ukVd ds ckjs esa dqN vkjafHkd izfrfØ;kvksa us blds ?kVuk&vkèkkfjr gksus dh vkykspuk
dh^µ ;g cxa ky ds fiNys nks lky ds bfrgkl dk fo'y"s k.k g*S ( ^?kVukvkas dh ,d yca h lpw h* ^fcuk
fdlh fØ;kRed ,drk ds*] ^vfHku; dk t+cnZLr ifjlj gS] euksn'kk ds ,dhdj.k ds ctk; ;g

126 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

fofoèk Hkkoukvksa dk feJ.k gS*A ysfdu bl vkykspuk esa Bhd ;gh rF; unkjn Fkk fd uokUu ,d
^?kjsyw =kklnh* fn[kkus dk iz;kl ugha Fkk] tks ml le; dydÙkk ds O;kikfjd eap ij izpfyr FkhA
nwljs n`'; esa 'kh?kz laØe.k ls igys] izR;sd ?kVuk viuh ijkdk"Bk ij igqaprh FkhA elyu] ,sDV 1
ds n`'; 5 esa tksrnkj gk: nÙkk vkSj leknkjksa esa ifjokfjd Hkwfe dh fcØh dks ysdj [+kwc lkSnsckt+h
gqbZA tksrnkj t+ehu [k+jhnus esa viuh nfj;kfnyh fn[kk jgk Fkk% ^bl t+ehu dks [k+jhnus eas eq>s---
uqd+lku gh gks jgk gS] rqe dgksxs ;g Ñf"k ;ksX; Hkwfe gS ysfdu vHkh rks ;g catj iM+h gS--- ,d
rjg ls eSa nku gh ns jgk gwa bl t+ehu dks [k+jhndjA vkt t+ehu dk dqN Hkh ewY; ugha gSA* tc
leknkj viuh t+ehu NksM+us ls badkj dj nsrs gSa] rks tksrnkj dqatw leknkj dks ihVus ds fy, vius
yBSr cqykrk gSA bl n`'; ds rqjar ckn] ,sDV 2 dk n`'; 1 pkoy ds O;kikjh dkyhèku dh nqdku
eas gAS og vius xkns ke eas pkoy dh ckfs j;kas is ckfs j;klµa ok yk[k eu ¼yxHkx 4700 Vu½ Hkjs tk
jgk gSA og ckj&ckj viuh cksfj;ka vkSj iSls fxurk gS vkSj viuh nqdku esa xksiuh;rk dk okrkoj.k
cuk dj j[krk gSA tc ,d csgn t+:jrean vkneh pkoy [+kjhnus vkrk gS rks dkyhèku mls pkoy
cspus ls euk dj nsrk gS vkSj mls Hkxkus ds fy, dkykckt+kjh d+her ls Hkh ma$ph d+her crkrk gSA
n`';ksa dk ;g nzqrxkeh laØe.k] de ls de jaxlTtk vkSj ?kweus okyh LVst ds dkj.k gh laHko gks ikrk
gsA Jksrkvksa dks ,d n`'; ls nwljs n`'; esa bl rjg ys tk;k tkrk gS tSls U;wt+jhyksa dh fHkUu&fHkUu
[+kcjksa dh d+rjusa gksaA bl ukVd ds eapu esa LikWVykbV tSlh LVst&VsDukWyksth dk Hkh iz;ksx fd;k
x;k FkkA

,DV&2 ds n`'; 3 esa èkuh oxZ dh ,d nkor ds ek/;e ls vehjh vkSj Hkq[kejh ds f'kdkj] vukt
<wa<+rs xkaookfl;ksa ds chp fo"kerk fn[kk;h x;hA vkxs okys xsV ls] vPNs diM+s igus gq, iq#"k o
fL=k;ka vk tk jgh gSaA ?kj ds }kj ds vanj] fctyh ds cYc ydM+h dh dybZnkj dq£l;ksa dh d+rkj
ij tSls >wy jgs gSaA vanj ls 'kgukbZ dh /kqu lquk;h iM+ jgh gSA --- LVst dh ck;ha vksj] ,d dksus
eas dMw n+s ku iM+k gvq k gvµS Li"V--- ièz kku ¼leknkj½ Li"V fn[kk;h ns jgk gAS og eVq B~ h Hkj pkoy ds
fy, fxM+fxM+k jgk gS vkSj mlus viuh ckagsa ?kj dh vksj QSyk j[kh gSa--- vpkud ,d dqÙkk dwM+snku
ds ikl HkkSadus yxrk gSA dqatw vius cqjh rjg t+[+eh gkFk dks idM+s gq, jks'kuh dh vksj tkrk fn[kk;h
nsrk gSA dqÙks }kjk dkVs gq, gkFk esa ls [+kwu Q+'kZ ij Vid jgk gSA ¼,sls foHkkftr n`';kas ds eapu ds
fy,] LikWVykbV dk iz;ksx vfuok;Z gSA½

ukVd ds ik=k lkekftd ikz :i ds gtµaS krs nkj] dkykckt+kjh] nyky] vehj ckc]w Hknyz kds ]
lapkj&ekè;e okyk MkWDVj rFkk xkaooklh] ftuesa èkks[ks dh f'kdkj fcuksfnuh] ejrk gqvk cPpk vkSj
fonkz gs h dtaq w 'kkfey gAaS nks gh ik=kkas dks dNq gn rd fof'k"Vrk inz ku dh x;h giµS èz kku leknkj tks
f'kdkj gksus ij ckj&ckj fonzksg djrk gS] vkSj n;ky tks vafre n`'; esa Q+ly dkVus ds lkewfgd
iz;kl dks usr`Ro iznku djrk gSA vr% ukVd ds ik=k mRihM+u ds ml <kaps ds fo'ys"k.k esa enn djrs
gSa tks vdky ds fy, ft+Eesnkj FksA fofHkUu ik=kksa ds chp fn[kk;s x;s lacaèkksa dk iz;ksx Hkh orZeku
vkSj laHkkfor oxhZ; xBcaèkuksa dks fn[kkus ds fy, fd;k x;k gSA tksrnkj gk: nÙkk èkks[ks ls xkaookfl;ksa
dks mudh t+ehu] ;gka rd fd vHkko ds dkj.k mudh csfV;ksa ls Hkh mUgsa vyx dj nsrk gSA fQj
og mUgsa dkykckt+kjh dkyhèku ds gkFkksa lkSai nsrk gS] tks ,d èkekZFkZ laxBu dh vkM+ esa os';ko`fÙk dk
vM~Mk Hkh pykrk gSA fujatu leknkj Hkq[kejh ds Mj ls vehuiqj ls Hkkx tkrk gS vkSj dkyhèku ds

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 127

fct+usl esa ,d et+nwj ds :i esa ukSdjh djus yx tkrk gSA ckn esa mldh iRuh fcuksfnuh] tks
dydÙkk esa [kks tkrh gS] nyky ds gkFkksa iM+dj dkyhèku ds os';ky; esa igqap tkrh gSA bl izdkj
vdky ds f'kdkj yksx] vdky ds ekuoh; ,tsaVksa ¼ftudh ,d nwljs ds lkFk lkaBxkaB gS½ ds lkFk
mRihM+u ds tky esa Qals gq, gSaA cgjgky] xkaooklh vius xBcaèku cukdj mRihM+u ds lacaèkksa ls eqDr
gksus dh mEehn dj ldrs gSa] tSlk fd vafre n`'; esa lkewfgd dVkbZ ds ekè;e ls fn[kk;k x;k
gSA fnypLi ckr ;g gS fd lkewfgd dVkbZ dk mRlo ml lkaiznkf;d ln~Hkkouk dk Hkh fp=k.k djrk
gS ftlesa fganw vkSj eqlyeku ,d nwljs dh t+ehuksa ij dke djrs gSa vkSj fey dj vius Je dk
mRlkg eukrs gSaA

gkykfa d uokUu dk eapu eq[;r% dydÙkk ds n'kZdksa ds le{k fd;k x;k Fkk] fQj Hkh ;g
egkuxj ds Hknzyksd ds mu rcd+ksa dh mxz HkRlZuk gS ftuesa ls dqN vkSifuosf'kd ukSdj'kkgh ds vax
Fks] ij ftUgksaus O;oLFkk dks cnyus dh viuh {kerk dk iz;ksx ugha fd;kA

iz'u ;g gS fd jktuhfrd :i ls ltx gksus ds ckotwn bIVk laLFkk us ukVd esa mi;qDr ifjorZu
djds mls turk ds T+;knk cM+s fgLls esa ys tkus dh laHkkouk ij fopkj D;ksa ugha fd;kA lqèkh izèkku
us dkj.k crk;k fd ;g lg&mRiknd 'kaHkq fe=kk gh Fks tks ^fLFkj Vkbi ds cksMks± ij ukVd dk eapu
djus dks rS;kj ugha FksA mudk vkxzg Fkk fd eap ?kweus okyk gh gksuk pkfg,] ugha rks mUgsa Mj Fkk
fd ukVd dh xfr dks d+k;e j[kuk laHko ugha gksxkA bldk ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd gesa lc xfrfofèk;ka
jksduh iM+haA*

bIVk us tks izfr"Bk vftZr dh] mlds dkj.k caxky bIVk ds ,d cgqr cMs+ Hkkx esa de ykxr
okys eapuksa vkSj x+Sj&uxjh; Jksrkvksa ds izfr ,d mnklhurk mRiUu gks x;hA uokUu dh vfr'k;
lQyrk ls Mj dj dydÙkk ds O;kifjd fFk;sVj&ekfydksa us bIVk dks vius fFk;sVj fdjk;s ij nsus
ls badkj dj fn;kA vr% laxBu dks nks fodYiksa esa ls ,d pquus dh etcwjh dk lkeuk djuk iM+k]
;k rks eap dh t+:jrksa esa dVkSrh dh tk;s] ;k fQj ukVd vkSj eapu NksM+ fn;k tk;sA bIVk ds dqN
leh{kd crkrs gSa fd ^urhts ds rkSj ij] gesa viuh lkjh xfrfofèk;ka jksduh iM+haA eghuksa rd ge
csdkj jgsA* bIVk ds bl ladV vkSj izfrHkk'kkyh O;fDr;ksa ij bldh fuHkZjrk ls irk pyrk gS fd
laLÑfr] jktuhfr vkSj laxBukRed O;ogkj ds chp lacaèk dh bldh jktuhfrd le> nks"kiw.kZ
Fkhbµ lh nk"s k ds dkj.k] Lor=a krk ikz fIr ds ckn bIVk vra r% fc[kj x;kA

Lora=krk ds ckn ds le; dh pqukSfr;ksa ds lkeus bIVk dk mRlkgiw.kZ izfrjksèk fVd ugha ik;kA
48&49 ds 'kq#vkrh o"kks± esa gh bIVk dk vf[ky&Hkkjrh; <kapk VwV x;k FkkA bldh vkaf'kd ft+Eesnkjh
Hkkjr ds dE;qfuLV vkanksyu esa mRiUu foHkze ij Fkh] tks vkanksyu okeiaFkh nqLlkgl vkSj nf{k.kiaFkh
la'kksèkuokn ds chp >wy jgk FkkA vkSj bl foHkze dh rk£dd ifj.kfr nsj&lcsj Hkkjr ds dE;qfuLV
vkanksyu ds dbZ VqdM+ksa ds foHkktu ds :i esa gqbZA ckd+h dh ft+Eesnkjh dyk vkSj jktuhfr ds chp
fj'rksa ds ckjs esa mu iz'uksa ds vfu.kZ; ij gS ftUgsa bIVk us lekèkku ds fcuk gh NksM+ fn;kA

ikVhZ vkSj lkaLÑfrd ekspksZ ds chp lacaèk ij tks fookn Fkk] mldk lQyrk ls lekèkku ugha fd;k
x;kA usr`Ro dh vksj ls ijLijfojksèkh c;ku vk jgs FksA igys vf[ky Hkkjrh; izxfr'khy ys[kd
lEesyu esa vius vè;{kh; Hkk"k.k esa izsepan us dgk] ^lkfgR; dk dke flQ+Z gesa [+kq'k djuk ;k gekjk

128 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

euksjatu djuk ugha gSA ;g lekt ds lHkh izxfr'khy vkanksyuksa ds ihNs ugha cfYd e'kky ysdj muds
vkxs pyrk gSA* 1943 esa ghjsu eq[kthZ us fy[kk] ^gesa eku ysuk pkfg, fd ys[kd ds izfr gekjk
n`f"Vdks.k izk;% x+yr jgk gSA blds ctk; fd ge ys[kd dks dgsa fd og Økafr dk <ksy ctk;as] gekjs
yksxksa dks pkfg, fd os ftruh tYnh gks lds] Økafr ds dke dks vkxs c<+k;saA blls igys fd ge
ys[kd ls ;g dgsa fd og bl vfHk;ku dks n`<+ djs] gesa u;h okLrfodrk dk fuekZ.k dj ysuk
pkfg,A* Lora=krk ds ckn tc lkaLÑfrd dk;ZdÙkkZ dks ;g dgk x;k fd ;g l'kL=k laxzke dk nkSj
gS rks ;g mnkjpfjr dykdkjksa ds fy, vafre èkDdk FkkA dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds lnL;] ckaXyk
miU;kldkj ekf.kd ca|ksikè;k; us bl vihy dk fo'ys"k.k djrs gq, dgk fd ;g ^isVh&cwtqZvk
nqLlkglokn* dk mnkgj.k gSA tc rd vkt+knh ds ckn ds Hkkjrh; jkT; ds pfj=k vkSj lektoknh
Økafr dh fLFkfr ls lacafèkr fopkjèkkjkRed fooknksa dh] ikVhZ ds fofHkUu VqdM+ksa esa caV tkus dh rk£dd
ifj.kfr ugha gqbZ] okei{kh; nqLlkglokn ikVhZ ds dke ds lHkh igyqvksa esa O;kIr FkkA ikVhZ }kjk vius
lkaLÑfrd ekspsZ dks pykus esa okei{kh; HkVdkoksa dh lcls mxz vkykspuk ^lkaLÑfrd ekspsZ ij* uked
,d nLrkost+ esa gqbZ ftls ikVhZ ds rFkk lkaLÑfrd ekspsZ ds lnL; _fRod ?kVd] tks ckn esa fo[;kr
fQ+Ye&fuekZrk cus] us ikVhZ dks is'k fd;kA _fRod ?kVd dks ikVhZ ls fudky fn;k x;kA

;g lgh gS fd bIVk us Hkkjr ds lkaLÑfrd mRiknu ds izfr n`f"Vdks.k dks cnyus esa cgqr cM+k
d+ne mBk;k] ftlus vkus okys dbZ n'kdksa rd Hkkjr ds lkaLÑfrd n`'; ij viuk nh?kZdkyhu izHkko
NksM+kA blds gLr{ksi dk;ZØe vkSj lkSan;Zcksèk] nksuksa Lrjksa ij FksA cgjgky] ;g eq[;r% eè;oxhZ;
cqf)thoh oxZ ds vkSj ,d ,sls dk;ZØe] tks et+nwj&oxZ vkSj fdlkuksa dks izkFkfedrk nsrk gS] ds chp
varfoZjksèkksa dks u rks igpku ik;k] u gh mUgsa lacksfèkr dj ik;kA blh dkj.k bl laxBu dk volku
gks x;k ftldks izxfr'khy vkanksyu ds fy, cgqr cM+s uqd+lku ds :i esa ns[kuk pkfg,A

vtqZu ?kks"k
Q+ksu u- % 9811542410
vaxzst+h ls fganh :ikarj % panzizHkk
Q+ksu u- % 9873573563

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 129

bIVk dh efgyk,a

yrk flag

efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh bIVk dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ igyw gSA ;gka vfèkdka'k efgyk,a jktuhfrd ekxZ
ls vk;h gSaA bIVk esa 'kkfey gksus ds ckn ;s jktuhfrd efgyk dk;ZdÙkkZ lkaLÑfrd dk;ZdÙkkZ o
vfHkus=kh Hkh cu x;haA è;ku nsus dh ckr gS fd ^lEekuuh;* oxks± ls vk;ha ;s efgyk,a 'kq: esa vfHku;
ls cprh Fkha] ysfdu bIVk esa vkus ds ckn vfHkus=kh cu x;haA fyax ifjizs{; esa bIVk esa efgykvksa
ds izos'k dks fdl :i esa fy;k tk;s\ D;k ;g iq#"klÙkkRed lhek dk vfrØe.k gS] bl ys[k esa eq[;
:i ls blh eqís ij fopkj fd;k x;k gSA iq#"klÙkkRed vfrØe.k dh ckr dks efgykvksa ds fy,
r; ekunaMksa ds lanHkZ esa gh le>k tk ldrk gSA dqedqe laxkjh vkSj nwljs yksxksa ds vè;;uksa ls Li"V
gksrk gS fd vkSifuosf'kd dky esa L=kh dh fQj ls ifjHkk"kk fdl rjg ls mnh;eku eè;oxZ ds
vkfèkiR; dh eq[; fo'ks"krk cu x;h FkhA vkfèkiR; dh ryk'k esa ^lEekuuh;rk* ds loky us
efgykvksa ls lacafèkr eqíksa ds ekeys esa rh{.k #[+k vf[+r;kj dj fy;k FkkA ysfdu lEekuuh;rk vkSj
efgykvksa ds fy, fuèkkZfjr futh@lkoZtfud LFkku ds iwjs izfreku ds Hkhrj vfHku; dh ckr vkSj
Hkh x£gr gksrh pyh tkrh gS vkSj mls lansg dh n`f"V ls ns[kk tkrk gSA lkoZtfud {ks=k esa d+ne c<+kus
okyh lcvkYVuZ efgyk,a Hkh efgyk vfHkusf=k;ksa dks lansg dh n`f"V ls ns[krh gSa vkSj mUgsa ^pfj=kghu*
ekurh gSaA vfHkusf=k;ksa ds ekeys esa eq[; ckr ;g gS fd mldk ru lkoZtfud :i ls ns[ks tkus ds
fy, miyCèk gks tkrk gS] vFkkZr~ og iq#"kksa }kjk ?kwjs tkus ds fy, miyCèk gks tkrk gSA vfHkusf=k;ka
lcls vfèkd iapk;rh efgyk,a gSaA blds vykok vfHku; ds dqN vkSj mf}Xu djus okys rÙo gSaA
fFk;sVj leqnk; vkSj mldk nk;jk tkfr] oxZ vkSj fyax dh lkekftd lhekvksa dk vfrØe.k djrk
gSA vfHku;dÙkkZvksa dks lekt esa fgd+kjr dh ut+j ls ns[kk tkrk Fkk] blhfy, ^lheakr*] ^xqeuke*
vkSj ^fuafnr* gyd+ksa ls efgyk,a fFk;sVj esa vkrh FkhaA bl i`"BHkwfe esa ^lEekuuh;* efgykvksa dk bIVk
esa vkuk cgqr egÙoiw.kZ cu tkrk gSA ysfdu igys dh vfHkusf=k;ksa ds foijhr bIVk esa efgyk,a
euksjatu dh nqfu;k ;k O;kolkf;d leqnk; ls ugha vk;haA okLro esa bu efgykvksa dh jktuhfrd
;k=kk mUgsa bIVk esa ys vk;hA muds fy, vfHku; Hkh jktuhfr FkkA jktuhfrd ed+ln dks vkxs c<+kus
ds fy, bIVk egÙoiw.kZ lkaLÑfrd eap FkkA blfy, lkaLÑfrd xfrfofèk;ka mudh jktuhfrd
xfrfofèk;ksa dk foLrkj ek=k FkhaA

bl ys[k esa eSa bl ckr dk [kqyklk d:axh fd bIVk ds fy, efgykvksa dh ;k=kk,a fdl rjg
ls iq#"klÙkkRed lajpuk dh voKk dh xkFkk,a gSaA ys[k esa bl voKk ds dqN egÙoiw.kZ {k.kksa dks
idM+us dk iz;kl fd;k tk;sxkA

vfèkdka'k efgyk,a ^mnkj* vkSj de ^izfrcaèkh* yxus okys ifjokjksa ls vk;haA os ,sls ifjokjksa ls

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Fkha tks yM+fd;ksa dks f'k{kk fnykrs gSa vkSj mUgsa mPp f'k{kk ds fy, Hkh Hkstrs gSaA 'khyk HkkfV;k dk
dguk gS fd muds ekrk&firk ds ?kj esa YkM+dksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds ykyu&ikyu esa dksbZ varj ugha
FkkA muds vuqlkj] yM+dksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa dks fn;k tkus okyk Hkkstu] oL=k vkSj f'k{kk ,d leku
FkhA nhuk xkaèkh dk dguk gS fd muds nknk th Hkkouxj jkT; esa gsMekLVj Fks vkSj fonzksgh fd+Le
ds O;fDr Fks vkSj vius ?kj dh efgykvksa dks f'kf{kr cukuk pkgrs FksA jsck jk;pkSèkjh ds firk]
ftUgksaus vius iq=k ds oke jktuhfr esa pys tkus ds dkj.k ml ij fo'okl [kks fn;k Fkk] viuh
iq=kh dks i<+kbZ ds fy, fons'k Hkstuk pkgrs FksA buesa ls cgqr&lh efgykvksa dks vius cpiu esa
lkaLÑfrd vuqHko Hkh izkIr gq,A buesa ls dqN us Ldwy dh lkaLÑfrd xfrfofèk;ksa esa Hkh fgLlk
fy;kA nhuk xkaèkh ds firk laxhr ds cgqr 'kkSd+hu Fks vkSj iq.ks esa cky xaèkoZ ds dk;ZØe esa
x;sA os fFk;sVj vfHku; ds fy, Hkh tkrs Fks vkSj ?kj ij fFk;sVj vfHku; djkrs FksA nhuk xkaèkh
dks Hkh vfHku; ns[kus dk volj feykA blds vykok fp=kdkj vkSj xk;d muds ?kj ij vkrs Fks
vkSj os muds lkFk ckrphr djrh FkhaA bu lc us mudh lkaLÑfrd psruk ds fy, [kkn dk
dke fd;k gksxkA

bu ifjokjksa esa yM+fd;ksa dks f'k{kk t+:j nh tkrh Fkh] ysfdu bldk ;g eryc ugha fudkyk tkuk
pkfg, fd mUgsa okLrfod ^Lora=krk* FkhA mu ij ,d fuf'pr izdkj dk izfrcaèk vkSj fu;a=k.k FkkA
os vius fy, fuèkkZfjr nk;js ds Hkhrj gh dke dj ldrh FkhaA 'khyk HkkfV;k dk ifjokj vkSj muds
fj'rsnkj mudh f'k{kk ls [kq'k Fks D;ksafd os i<+kbZ esa vPNh Fkha] ysfdu mUgsa ckgj tkus dh btkt+r ugha
FkhA muds vuqlkj] dksbZ fo'ks"k izfrcaèk ugha Fkk ysfdu ^ft+anxh dk nkSj gh ,slk FkkA* fookg ds ckn
'khyk HkkfV;k ds llqjky okyksa us mUgsa ykgkSj esa i<+us fn;kA mUgsa Nk=ko`fÙk feyh ftlls mudh f'k{kk
dk ekxZ [kqyk] ysfdu mUgha ds 'kCnksa esa] ^ml nkSj esa eq>s cgqr tn~nkstgn djuh iM+hA* mUgsa pkgs tks
vkt+knh feyh gks ysfdu ,d rjg ds izfrcaèk rks Fks ghA cyjkt lkguh] [kq'koar flag vkSj cyoar
xkxhZ tSls izcq) vkSj lqlaLd`r yksx ykgkSj vk;s ysfdu os muds lkFk ckrphr ugha dj ldhaA og
cafn'k ds nk;js esa gh fgLlk ys ldrh FkhaA mUgsa dgha tkus dh vkt+knh ugha FkhA mUgsa dsoy gksLVy
ls dkWyst vkSj dkWyst ds ckn gksLVy tkus dh vkt+knh FkhA os vkxs dgrh gS% ^ml le; gekjs ?kjksa
esa yM+fd;ksa dh D;k fta+nxh FkhA firk dk ?kjA dke èkaèksA fookg dk bart+kjA dkSu tkurk gS fd
fta+nxh D;k eksM+ ysxhA eSa Lo;a dks HkkX;'kkyh ekurh gwaA ckèkk,a gh ckèkk,aA ysfdu eSaus fo'okl dk
nkeu ugha NksM+kA ;g fdldk deky Fkk] eSa dg ugha ldrhA* jsck jk;pkSèkjh th vius laLej.kksa esa
fy[krh gSa fd muds ?kj dh yM+fd;ksa dks Ldwy vkSj dkWyst dh f'k{kk ds vykok vkSj dgha ugha tkus
fn;k tkrk FkkA muds firk u`R; laxhr esa mudh #fp dks ilan ugha djrs FksA xhr&u`R;] ckgj tkus]
flusek ns[kus ij ikcanh FkhA nhuk xkaèkh dk dguk gS fd gkykafd muds ifjokj dks cgqr mUur vkSj
izxfr'khy ekuk tkrk Fkk] ysfdu ^ge lqjf{kr ;qok efgyk,a FkhaA esjh eka ges'kk vehj ifjokjksa esa gekjk
fookg djuk pkgrh Fkha] gels ges'kk vius flj ij iYyw Mkyus ds fy, dgk tkrk FkkA flj <addj
j[kuk iM+rk FkkA* mudh cgu 'kkark xkaèkh ¼og Hkh bIVk esa 'kkfey gqb±½ dh i<+kbZ ,d vehj dks;yk
O;kikjh ds iq=k ds lkFk 14 o"kZ dh vk;q esa lxkbZ ds dkj.k #d x;hA 'kkark xkaèkh vius ifr dh
i<+kbZ ls vfèkd ugha i<+ ldrh FkhaA ysfdu 'kkark xkaèkh us fookg ds f[+kykQ+ fonzksg fd;kA

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 131

bu efgykvksa ds fy, r; ekunaMksa ds ckotwn mudh nqfu;k cnyuh 'kq: gks x;h FkhA 'khyk
HkkfV;k dk ykgkSj izokl mudh fta+nxh esa eksM+ yk;kA 'khyk HkkfV;k ds vuqlkj] izfrcaèkksa ds ckotwn
^esjs fnekx+ dh ;gka ijofj'k gks jgh FkhA* ykgkSj esa 'khyk HkkfV;k dks cgqr ls lqlaLÑr vkSj izcq)
yksxksa ls feyus dk volj feyk ftUgksaus u dsoy mu ij izHkko NksM+k cfYd muds fnekx+ dks [kksyk
vkSj Lo;a ls vkxs lkspus ds fy, izsfjr fd;kA mUgsa Nk=k vkanksyu] dE;qfuLV ikVhZ vkSj dkaxzsl dh
xfrfofèk;ksa dk vuqHko izkIr gqvkA mudk dguk gS] ^eSa lksprh gwa fd ;fn eSa lj xaxkjke ds ctk;
fdlh nwljs LFkku ij pyh tkrh rks ekywe ugha esjh fta+nxh dk D;k gksrk---eSa vHkh Hkh ogka fcrk;s
x;s thou ds fy, èkU;okn djrh gwa D;ksafd ml thou us cgqr ls cht cks;s vkSj vkt tks QyhHkwr
gqvk gS] og mlh thou dk ifj.kke gS---xaxkjke Ldwy us eq>s igpku nh vkSj esjs thou ij viuh
Nki NksM+hA eSa vHkh Hkh mldk fgLlk gwaA vkxs c<+us ds fy, ckèkkvksa dks ikj djksA dHkh fgEer er
NksM+ksA vkt eSa tks dqN gwa] ;g mlh ;qx dk ;ksxnku gSA*

nhuk xkaèkh gkbZ Ldwy esa Nk=k usrk cu x;ha vkSj mUgksaus nwljs Nk=kksa ds lkFk feydj fo|kFkhZ la?k
cuk;kA Nk=k la?k us dksbZ cM+h gM+rky rks ugha dh] ysfdu mlus vè;;u lewg] ppkZ,a vkSj izn'kZu
vk;ksftr fd;sA bl lcds t+fj;s nhuk xkaèkh fcYdqy fHkUu okrkoj.k vkSj xfrfofèk esa 'kkfey gqb±A
esfVªdqys'ku ds ckn muds firk us mUgsa cacbZ ds dkWyst esa HkstkA mUgsa bl 'krZ ij viuh cgu 'kkark
xkaèkh ds lkFk jgus fn;k x;k fd og mudh tSlh fdlh lkaLÑfrd xfrfofèk] dkWyst esa ukp&xkus
esa fgLlk ugha ysxh] og xaHkhjrk ds lkFk i<+kbZ djsxh vkSj dkWyst ds ok£"kd lekjksg esa fgLlk ugha
ysxhA mUgksaus vius firk dh 'krZ Lohdkj dj yhA mUgksaus dkWyst esa dqN ugha fd;k vkSj dkWyst ds
ckgj xfrfofèk;ksa esa fgLlk fy;kA muds vuqlkj] bl rjg ls os bIVk esa vk;ha vkSj mldh xfrfofèk;ksa
esa 'kkfey gks x;haA mudh cgu 'kkark dE;qfuLV FkhaA vkSj bldh otg ls nhuk xkaèkh dbZ dE;qfuLV
ls fey ldhaA os fu;fer Nk=k dk;ZdÙkkZ] izxfr'khy vkSj okeiaFkh dk;ZdÙkkZ cu x;haA jktuhfrd
xfrfofèk;ksa ds dkj.k nhuk xkaèkh dks dkWystksa ls fudkyk x;k vkSj mUgsa dkWyst cnyus iM+sA os t+sfo;j
esa ,d lky] ,y fQ+uLVksu esa nks lky vkSj blds ckn foYlu dkWyst esa jghaA muds fy, ;g lc
ukVdh; Fkkmµ uds fy, dkyW ts ds dkbs Z ek;us ugha FkAs muds firk dks [k+rjk Fkk fd mudh jktuhfrd
xfrfofèk;ka mudh ukSdjh dks [k+rjs esa Mky nsaxhA mUgksaus muls dgk fd os Lo;a viuh ft+Eesnkjh ysaA
blhfy, os viuh cgu ds lkFk jgus ds fy, ykgkSj pyh x;haA

jsck jk;pkSèkjh us Hkh can ?kj ls dkWyst esa Nk=k vkanksyu rd dh ;k=kk dhA Nk=k jktuhfr esa mudh
Hkkxhnkjh ds dkj.k fizafliy us muds firk dks psrkouh nh fd mUgsa dkWyst NksM+uk iM+sxkA jsck jk;
pkSèkjh dks vius HkkbZ ls leFkZu feyk vkSj HkkbZ dh jktuhfr dk mu ij cgqr izHkko iM+kA os efgyk
vkRej{kk lfefr dh lnL; cu x;haA jkgr lfefr esa mUgksaus xhr xk;s] Hkk"k.k fn;s vkSj èku ,df=kr
fd;kA mUgksaus igyh ckj dydÙkk eap ij ikuq iky }kjk ^egkekjh* ij vk;ksftr ukVd esa vfHku;
fd;kA

vius thou ds f'k{kk pj.k ds nkSjku jktuhfr dk vuqHko izkIr djus okyh vfèkdka'k efgykvksa
dh ;gh dgkuh gSA mu ij oke jktuhfr dk izHkko iM+k vkSj os Nk=k vkanksyu esa lfØ; gks x;haA
jsck jk;pkSèkjh vkSj nhuk xkaèkh tSlh dqN efgykvksa ds ekeys esa izsj.kk cM+s HkkbZ vkSj cM+h cgu ls feyhA

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nhuk xkaèkh viuh cgu 'kkark xkaèkh dh fuHkhZdrk ls izHkkfor gqb± tks ;qokoLFkk esa gh xkaèkhoknh vkSj
fonzksgh cu x;h FkhaA 'kkark xkaèkh us ds'k dVok dj fookg ds f[k+ykQ+ fonzksg fd;k ftlus muds ?kj
esa gaxkek dj fn;kA mudh eka HkkSapDdh jg x;ha vkSj le> ugha ik;ha fd D;k fd;k tk;sA nhuk
xkaèkh ds fopkj ls] ^dsoy ;gh Hkkouk efgykvksa dks nckus ds ctk; m$ij mBk ldrh gSA esjs Hkhrj
;g Hkkouk cgqr igys vk x;h FkhA* jsck jk;pkSèkjh ij igyh jktuhfrd Nki vkSj izHkko muds Hkkb;ksa
dk FkkA muds HkkbZ fcu; jkW; i<+kbZ NksM+dj Jfed vkanksyu esa 'kkfey gks x;s FksA mUgksaus jsck dks
Lo;a }kjk fy[ks x;s xhr le>k;s vkSj ml fo"k; ls lacafèkr dgkfu;ka le>k;haA fcu; jkW; chp&chp
esa ukVd fy[krs vkSj mudk eapu djrs Fks ftuesa jsck jk;pkSèkjh vfHku; djrh FkhaA og mUgsa u`R;
Hkh fl[kkrs FksA js[kk tSu dks muds ifr usfe tSu jktuhfr esa yk;sA

ysfdu jktuhfr esa mudk izos'k muds ifjokjksa esa dM+s izfrjksèk vkSj muds }kjk vius ifjokjksa dh
voKk dh xkFkk,a gSaA jsck jk;pkSèkjh ds firk muds izfr ^mnklhu* gks x;s] D;ksafd iq=k }kjk f'k{kk
NksM+dj jktuhfr esa 'kkfey gks tkus ds ckn mudh vk'kk,a jsck esa dsafnzr gks x;h FkhaA og mUgsa vè;;u
ds fy, fons'k Hkstuk pkgrs FksA mUgksaus jsck dh jktuhfr dk fojksèk fd;kA mudk ekuuk Fkk fd os
tks dqN Hkh djsa] ?kj ij jg dj djsaA mUgksaus vius firk dks ;g le>kus dk iz;kl fd;k fd os dksbZ
x+yr dke ugha dj jgh gaSA ,d fnu tc os ?kj ds fiNokM+s ls jktuhfr esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy,
pqipki fudy x;ha rks muds firk us iqfyl dh lgk;rk ls idM+ fy;k vkSj ?kj esa can dj fn;kA
blds ckn muds HkkbZ mUgsa dE;wu ys x;sA cgqr&lh efgykvksa dh rjg os Hkh ,d tksM+h diM+ksa eas ?kj
ls fudy x;haA ,d rjg ls muds ifjokj us mUgsa R;kx fn;k FkkA mudk dguk gS fd mUgsa viuh
^dkdh eka] cqvk vkSj Bkdqj eka* ls I;kj ugha feyk] D;ksafd og jktuhfr ds fy, dHkh Hkh vius ?kj
ls fudy iM+rh FkhaA

js[kk tSu dks Hkh vius ifjokj ls dM+s fojksèk dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA os vkxjk ds cgqr :f<+oknh
ifjokj ls gSaA vkB o"kZ dh vk;q esa mUgsa Hkkstu idkuk fl[kk;k x;kA ukS o"kZ ls Hkh de vk;q esa muds
rkÅ th us mudk Ldwy tkuk can djk fn;kA ml le; os rhljh d{kk esa FkhaA lk<+s ckjg o"kZ dh
vk;q esa mudk usfe tSu ds lkFk fookg gks x;kA mUgsa ijns vkSj ?kwa?kV esa jguk iM+kA cgqr de mez
ls gh mUgsa ^yksd e;kZnk] laLdkj vkSj Hkkjh&Hkkjh ulhgrksa ds lkFk* jguk iM+kA muds ifr usfe tSu
oke jktuhfr esa 'kkfey gks x;s vkSj js[kk tSu dks nfd;kuwl ekgkSy ls fudkyus esa mUgksaus cM+h Hkwfedk
vnk dhA usfe tSu us le> fy;k fd ?kj esa jgdj :f<+okn dks rksM+uk cgqr eqf'dy gS] D;ksafd ifjokj
bldk dM+k fojksèk djrk FkkA blhfy, mUgksaus js[kk tSu ds lkFk ?kj NksM+ fn;kA js[kk tSu dks dM+s fojksèk
dk lkeuk djuk iM+k vkSj mu ij vkjksi Hkh yxk;s x;sA muds llqjky okyksa dh eq[; vkifÙk ;g
Fkh fd tSu ifjokj dh cgw ^csijnk* nwljs 'kgj esa dSls jg ldrh gSA ;g cgw dh eq[; Nfo ls fcYdqy
fHkUu ckr FkhA ;g vPNk y{k.k ugha FkkA js[kk tSu dks ekufld larki ls xqt+juk iM+kA ,d rjQ+
ifr vkSj nwljh vkSj vU; llqjky okysA ;fn mUgksaus ?kj NksM+k rks llqjky okyksa ls muds lacaèk VwV
tk;saxsA nwljh vksj] mUgsa Mj Fkk fd ;fn os vius ifr ds lkFk 'kqtkyiqj ugha x;ha rks os vius ifr
dks [kks nsaxhA cM+s fojksèk vkSj HkkoukRed yxko ds ckotwn js[kk tSu us vius ifr ds lkFk jgus dk
QS+lyk fy;kA mUgksaus viuh cM+h csVh dks viuh llqjky esa NksM+ fn;k vkSj NksVh csVh jf'e ds lkFk
usfe tSu ds ikl pyh x;haA jks"k vkSj fojksèk ds ekgkSy esa js[kk tSu ?kj ls dqN Hkh 'kqtkyiqj ugha ys

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 133

tk ldhaA ;g muds fy, ,d rjg dk foLFkkiu FkkA mUgsa cgqr ls vkjksiksa dk lkeuk djuk iM+kA
'kqtkyiqj ds ckn js[kk tSu vkSj usfe tSu dydÙkk pys x;sA mudk dydÙkk tkuk Hkh cgqr ukVdh;
FkkA bl lcds lkFk js[kk tSu ds fy, u;h ;k=kk 'kq: gqbZA mUgkasus inkZ NksM+ fn;k vkSj jktuhfrd
:i ls lfØ; gks x;haA mUgsa ?kj ij vkusokys dkWejsMksa ls ekDlZokn vkSj ikVhZ dk;ks± dk vuqHko izkIr
gqvkA ?kj esa lkfgR;] n'kZu vkSj jktuhfr ij cgqr ppkZ gksrh Fkh ftlus mu ij cgqr izHkko NksM+kA
os vè;;u Vksyh esa fgLlk ysrha] fofHkUu lkaLÑfrd Vksfy;ksa ds lkFk izHkkrQsjh ds fy, tkrha vkSj
'kke dks ikVhZ dk;Z ds fy, eqfLye cfLr;ksa esa tkrhaA mUgksaus viuh i<+kbZ Hkh fQj ls 'kq: dh vkSj
ekjokM+h fo|ky; esa nkf[k+y gks x;haA nks yM+fd;ksa dh 19&20 o"khZ; eka dk Ldwy tkuk et+kd dk
fOk"k; cu x;kA ysfdu js[kk tSu vius dke esa n`<+ cuh jghaA mUgksaus ckaXyk lh[kh vkSj fcu; jkW;
ls xhr Hkh lh[ksA mUgksaus dkWejsMksa ls fe=krk dhA fcu; nk ls xhr lh[kuk] cfLr;ksa eas yksxksa ls feyuk
vkSj CySd vkmV ds le; ?kj ij lqjf{kr igqapuk js[kk tSu ds fy, bu nksLrksa ds dkj.k gh laHko gks
ldkA jktuhfrd yksdkpkj vkSj xeZtks'kh ds ekgkSy us nfd;kuwl ijaijkvksa ls NqVdkjk ikus vkSj
^Lokoyacu* izkIr djus esa mudh enn dhA os tgkt+ esa cSBuk pkgrh FkhaA mUgksaus lkbZfdy pykuk]
cSMfeaVu [ksyuk vkSj rSjuk lh[kkA

bl izdkj bIVk efgykvksa dh vfèkdka'k xkFkk,a vius ifjokjksa dh voKk dh xkFkk,a gSaA bl voKk
ds fy, rkd+r dgka ls vk;h\ vfèkdka'k lk{kkRdkjksa esa efgykvksa us dgk gS] rkd+r jktuhfrd fo'okl]
vkn'kZokn vkSj jktuhfrd dE;wu dh lgk;rk ls vk;hA jktuhfrd dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds :i esa mudh
;k=kk efgykvksa dh Hkwfedk dks lhfer djus okyh iq#"klÙkkRed lajpuk dh voKk dh ;k=kk gSA

efgykvksa ds fy, ,d vU; voKkdkjh {k.k vfHkus=kh ds :i esa bIVk eas 'kkfey gksuk gSA viuh
vfHku; Hkwfedk dks mUgksaus vius jktuhfrd dke ds foLrkj ds :i esa ns[kkA ysfdu tSlk fd igys
dgk tk pqdk gS] ^lEekuuh; ifjokj* ls vkus okyh efgykvksa dh vksj ls ;g cgqr egÙoiw.kZ voKk
FkhA vc bu efgyk vfHku;dÙkkZvksa us xfy;ksa] LVhdjksa vkSj vU; cgqr ls lkoZtfud LFkyksa ij
vfHku; fd;kA efgyk,a vdky ds lanHkZ eas lkaLÑfrd vkanksyu esa 'kkfey gqb±A ml le; fofHkUu
lkaLÑfrd ny lkoZtfud eapksa ij vfHku; djrs Fks] ysfdu eap ij vfHku; djus ds fy, rS;kj
efgykvksa dks <wa<+uk cgqr dfBu FkkA caxky ds vdky ds le; cgqr ls lkaLÑfrd ny cu x;sA
'kq: esa ;s dsoy xk;d ny FksA efgyk,a iwjs tks'k ds lkFk muesa 'kkfey gksus yxhaA lkoZtfud
vfHku;ksa esa efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh dks rRijrk ds lkFk Lohdkj fd;k tkus yxkA vdky jkgr
lfefr;ksa vkSj lkaLÑfrd nyksa ds lanHkZ esa fyax 'kkyhurk] uSfrdrk vkfn ds loky xkS.k gks x;sA

ysfdu efgykvksa dk vfHku; esa 'kkfey gksuk bu efgykvksa ds fy, fuèkkZfjr lEekuuh;
izfreku dk mYya?ku FkkA bl lanHkZ esa js[kk tSu }kjk >sys x;s ekufld fo{kkse dk ft+Ø t+:jh gSA
mudk bIVk ds lkaLÑfrd dE;wu esa 'kkfey gksuk muds vkSj muds ifr ds ifjokjksa ds fy, cM+s
foLQksV tSlh ckr FkhA ;g muds ifjokjksa ds fy, Hkwpky tSlk FkkA cpiu esa ftl yM+dh dks u`R;
ls nwj j[kk x;k vkSj ;gka rd fd i<+us Hkh ugha fn;k x;k] vc u`R; Vksyh esa 'kkfey gksxh vkSj lcds
lkeus vfHku; djsxhA ifjokjksa ds lkFk ruko vkSj Hkh vfèkd c<+ x;kA vkxjk ds lkekftd lanHkZ
esa muds ek;ds vkSj llqjky esa mudh cgqr vkykspuk dh x;h vkSj mu ij vkjksi yxk;s x;sA mUgsa

134 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

viuh lkl ls cgqr xank i=k feykA blesa fy[kk x;k Fkk fd u`R; lh[kuk] vkSj og Hkh iq#"kksa ds lkFk]
ifjokj ds fy, cgqr cM+k dyad gSA i=k vkjksiksa vkSj dVq mfDr;ksa ls Hkjk iM+k FkkA i=k ds vkf[k+j
esa ;s dBksj 'kCn fy[ks x;s fd ^;fn rqe iRFkj gksrh rks eSa rqEgsa unh esa cgk nsrh ftlls eq>s ;g
psgjk fQj ns[kus ds fy, ugha feyrkA* Nqfê;ksa esa tc js[kk tSu usfe tSu ds lkFk llqjky x;ha rks
mUgksaus viuh lkl ds iSj Nwus pkgsA lkl us ;g dgdj iSj ihNs dj fy;s] ^fdl eqag ls iSj Nw jgh
gSA irk ugha fdrus ?kkVksa dk ikuh fi;k gSA*

okLro esa dE;wu ds nk;js vkSj thou dks lekt esa lansg dh n`f"V ls ns[kk tkrk FkkA 1940 ds
n'kd esa vfookfgr iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa ds dE;wu esa lkFk jgus vkSj iq#"k L=kh nksuksa ds lkaLÑfrd
lewg ds lkFk ;k=kk djus dks cgqr gSjr ls ns[kk tkrk FkkA blls lkoZtfud vkSj futh LFkyksa ij
[kycyh ep tkrh FkhA vk'kadk efgyk ySafxdrk ls Hkh tqM+h FkhA cgqr ls yksx thou 'kSyh dh fuank
djrs FksA ;gka rd fd xkaèkh ds v[k+ckj gfjtu us bUgsa vuSfrd xfrfofèk;ka crkdj budh vkykspuk
dhA ny viuh izLrqfr ds fy, tc esjB x;k rks og ,d t+ehankj ds ?kj Bgjk vkSj mlus mudh
ns[kHkky dh] ysfdu ?kj dh efgykvksa dks ny dh efgykvksa ds lkFk ckrphr ugha djus nh x;hA
uSfrd Hkz"Vrk ds fy, muds f[+kykQ+ ukjs yxk;s x;sA ^jkèks&jkèks* cksydj efgykvksa dks gwV fd;k]
ftldk eryc Fkk fd os vuSfrd lacaèkksa esa caèkh gSaA vius laLej.kksa esa jsck jk;pkSèkjh us fy[kk gS
fd dsoy lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd fojksèk gh ugha Fkk cfYd efgykvksa ds uke ij fuanktud iksLVj
fudkys x;sA ysfdu jsck jk;pkSèkjh dgrh gS fd vkn'kZ ds fy, mudh izfrc)rk ,slh Fkh fd mUgksaus
ijokg ugha dhA bu efgykvksa ds izcy jktuhfrd fo'okl us bl rjg dh uSfrd fuank dk lkeuk
djus esa mudh enn dhA

vfèkdka'k efgykvksa ds fy, mudh jktuhfrd ;k=kk cgqr mYykliw.kZ jgh gSA bIVk dh cgqr lh
efgykvksa ds fy, lkaLÑfrd ny ds dE;wu dk vuqHko muds thou esa mPp LFkku j[krk gSA
lkaLÑfrd ny ds vfèkdka'k lnL;ksa ds fy, dE;wu dk vuqHko muds igys ds thou ls fHkUu FkkA
dE;wu esa fcrk;s x;s mu 2&3 o"kks± us efgykvksa dk thou gh cny fn;kA js[kk tSu us dE;wu] u`R;
lh[kus ds vuqHko vkSj lkaLÑfrd ny esa vuq'kklu dh cgqr iz'kalk dh gSA okLro esa bl vuqHko
us mUgsa ekufld :i ls >ksd>ksj fn;kA lkaLÑfrd ny esa 'kkfey gksus ds ckn 'kkafroèkZu us muds
#f<+oknh ^laLdkjksa* dks fgyk fn;kA mUgksaus eglwl fd;k fd muds ^eu dh f>>d* us muesa u`R;
ds fy, vko';d 'kkjhfjd yphykiu iSnk ugha gksus fn;kA ikfjokfjd laLdkjksa ds dkj.k muds Hkhrj
py jgs }a} us dbZ ckj u`R; lh[kus ds muds iz;kl esa ckèkk igqapk;hA mUgsa vkarfjd la?k"kZ ls xqt+juk
iM+kA mUgksaus 'kaHkq fe=kk }kjk funsZf'kr ,d ukVd esa ,d ik=k dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus esa my>u dh ckr
dh gSA ;g ,d tq>k: efgyk ik=k gS tks cx+Sj fdlh 'keZ ds viuh lkl ds lkFk yM+rh gSA bl
ik=k dh Hkwfedk djrs le; js[kk tSu dks vius #f<+oknh laLdkjksa ds dkj.k lkl ds cky [khapus vkSj
fpYykus esa dfBukbZ gks jgh FkhA blhfy, fofHkUu ^laLdkjksa* dh ^tdM+u* ds lkFk vkxjk ds ,d
nfd;kuwl ifjokj ls vkus okyh js[kk tSu ds ekeys esa dE;wu ds iwjs okrkoj.k us mudh ^f>>d* vkSj
^caèku* rksM+ fn;s vkSj muds fo'okl dks c<+k;kA js[kk tSu dk cpiu vkSj mudh 'kjkjrsa] ftUgsa tYnh
gq, fookg us nck fn;k Fkk] bl ekgkSy esa eq[kfjr gks mBhaA

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 135

nhuk xkaèkh us Hkh vius lk{kkRdkj esa dgk gS fd lkaLÑfrd ny dk fgLlk cuuk t+cjnLr vuqHko
FkkA muds vuqlkj] ^geus iwjs ns'k dk nkSjk fd;k---gt+kjksa yksxksa us gekjs izn'kZu dks ns[kkA geus Ng
eghus rd fjglZy dh vkSj Ng eghus nkSjk fd;kA ge izR;sd izkar vkSj NksVs&NksVs 'kgjksa esa x;sA eSaus
vius ns'k dks lgh <ax ls ns[kkA ge ,dtqV thou th jgs FksA rhu fMCcs cqd fd;s gq, Fks vkSj ge
muesa lksrs FksA dksbZ gksVy ugha FkkA 'kks ds ckn fMCcs esa ykSV vkrs FksA ogka ls nwljs LFkku ij tkdj
jaxeaph; izn'kZu djrs FksA ;g t+cjnLr vuqHko FkkA* nhuk xkaèkh us izfrHkk vxzoky dks fn;s x;s vius
lk{kkRdkj esa dgk gS] ^eS mldks [kkn dk dke dgrh gwaA* jsck jk;pkSèkjh us vius laLej.kksa esa dgk
gS fd mUgsa ^lkFkh* ds dkj.k la?k"kZ ds fy, rkd+r feyhA muds vuqlkj] ^galh] xIi] u`R;] ukVd]
ys[ku] iBu] vkykspuk* dk ekgkSy la?k"kZ ds fy, thouh 'kfDr nsrk FkkA

vius vè;;u esa ekfyuh Hkêkpk;Z us fn[kk;k gS fd O;kolkf;d fFk;sVj ds eqd+kcys dE;wu fdl
rjg ls efgyk vfHkUk;dÙkkZvksa ds fy, 'kks"k.kjfgr LFkku FkkA O;kolkf;d fFk;sVj ls xqt+jus okyh
vfHkusf=k;ka ogka rd+yhQ+ vkSj èkks[ksckt+h dh ckr djrh gSaA

,d vU; mYys[kuh; igyw ;g Hkh gS fd vius O;fDrxr thou esa bIVk dh efgyk,a vius ?kjsyw
vkSj oSokfgd thou dks dSls laHkkyrh Fkha tks fd eq[;èkkjk ds fookfgr x`gthou ls fHkUu FkkA izhfr
cuthZ ds ekeys esa muds fookg ds o"kZ esa ikVhZ ij izfrcaèk yx x;kA os dgrh gSa fd ^fookg ds
ckn ikap o"kZ rd gekjk ¼mudk vkSj muds ifr dk½ dksbZ laidZ ugha jgkA ge Hkwfexr gks x;s FksA
fookg ds rhu eghus ckn ge nktZfyax x;s tgka mUgsa idM+ fy;k x;k---eSa Ng eghus ls tsy esa FkhA
ikap o"kZ chr tkus ij izfrcaèk gV tkus ds ckn eSa muls fey ldhA* dsanzh; lewg esa 'kkfey gksus
ds ckn nhuk xkaèkh iw.kZdkfyd lkaLÑfrd dk;ZdÙkkZ cu x;haA rc rd mudh 'kknh gks pqdh FkhA
mudk dguk gS fd dsanzh; tRFks esa 'kkey gksus ds ckn ^eSa vius ?kj ds thou vkSj izR;sd pht+ dks
Hkwy x;hA eSa viuh xfrfofèk;ksa esa iwjh rjg ls rYyhu gks x;h vkSj esjs ifr viuh xfrfofèk;ksa esa
yx x;s vkjS ge njw gkrs s x;As mu fnukas bu pht+kas dk dkbs Z iHz kko ugha jgrk Fkkvµ kt ;fn ,ls k
gks tk; rks 'kk;n eq> ij vlj iM+sxkA vki tkurs gSa fd ml le; izkFkfedrk,a fHkUu FkhaA ml
le; eaS izokg ds lkFk cgrh x;hA* jsck jk; pkSèkjh vius ifr lty ls tu ukV~; laxBu esa feyhaA
ijLij fo'okl vkSj vkn'kZokn ds cy ij os eqf'dy le; esa vkxs c<+rh jghaA fookg ds ckn Hkh
os jktuhfr esa lfØ; cuh jgha vkSj tsy x;haA

bl izdkj viuh jktuhfr] dk;Z vkSj thou ds ekè;e ls bIVk efgykvksa us iq#"klÙkkRed lhekvksa
dks pqukSrh nhA ekfyuh Hkêkpk;Z us vius vkys[k esa crk;k gS fd eqf'dy vkSj [k+rjukd ifjfLFkfr;ksa
esa iq#"k vkSj efgyk dk;ZdÙkkZvksa }kjk feydj dke fd;s tkus ds fy, fdl rjg fyax vkSj oxZ dh
ckèkkvksa dks rksM+uk t+:jh gks x;kA mUgha ds 'kCnksa esa] ^bl iwjs n'kd ds nkSjku vius jktuhfrd dk;ks±
dks iwjk djrs gq, efgyk,a ,sls {ks=kksa esa dne c<+k jgh gSa tks muds oxZ dh efgykvksa ds fy, iwjh
rjg ls vifjfpr jgs gSaA mUgsa yxkrkj iq#"k dkWejsMksa ds cgqr ut+nhd jgdj le; fcrkuk iM+rk
gS vkSj x+Sj ijaijkxr rjhds+ ls et+nwj vkSj fdlku ?kjksa esa jguk iM+rk gSA blls bIVk dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds
lkeus u;h fyax laLÑfr vk;h vkSj blus efgyk dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds bfrgkl dks yxkrkj cuk;s j[kkA*

Lokra=;ksÙkj Hkkjr esa buesa ls vfèkdka'k efgykvksa us viuh igpku cuk;h vkSj vius dke esa
fo'okl vkSj fuHkhZdrk dk ifjp; fn;kA dqN us jktuhfr dk ekxZ pquk vkSj dqN us lkaLÑfrd

136 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

xfrfofèk;ksa esa viuk LFkku cuk;kA js[kk tSu ds ekeys esa ;g ^?kwa?kV* ls fnYyh esa cky fFk;sVj esa
igpku cukus okyh ;k=kk FkhA og jktuhfrd vkSj fFk;sVj xfrfofèk;ksa esa rYyhu FkhaA mUgksaus bIVk
ukVdksa esa vfHku; vkSj funsZ'ku fd;kA mUgksaus bykgkckn esa yM+fd;ksa dks bIVk esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy,
izsfjr fd;kA os mudks ys tkrh Fkha vkSj okil NksM+dj tkrh FkhaA muds }kjk izn£'kr fo'okl eksgu
mizsrh ds 'kCnksa esa mHkj dj lkeus vk tkrk gSA ,d fnu og u`R; fl[kk jgh FkhaA dqN yM+ds ugha
ukp jgs FksA mUgksaus ,d yM+ds dk gkFk idM+k ftlls og lkoèkku gks x;kA eksgu mizsrh] tks Lo;a
Nk=k Fks] ds vuqlkj] ^tc eSaus vdsyh yM+dh js[kk th dks yM+dksa dks i<+krs gq, ns[kk rks eSa nax jg
x;kA ysfdu eq>s muls cgqr izsj.kk feyhA bl vFkZ eas os esjh igyh xq# gSaA*

'khyk HkkfV;k d'ehj jk"Vªh; lkaLÑrd ekspsZ ij lfØ; gks x;ha tgka mUgksaus ukVdksa esa vfHku;
fd;k vkSj mudk funsZ'ku fd;kA 1951 esa os fnYyh ykSV vk;ha vkSj fnYyh vkVZ fFk;sVj dh LFkkiuk
dhA Lusg lkU;ky] m"kk Hkxr] Lora=k izdk'k Hkh mlesa FksA 'khyk HkkfV;k us ukVdksa dk ys[ku vkSj
funsZ'ku fd;kA mUgksaus us'kuy Ldwy vkWQ+ Mªkek esa vfHku; fl[kk;kA og pkgrh Fkha fd ,u-,l-
Mh- fFk;sVj vkanksyu esa fu.kkZ;d Hkwfedk vnk djsA mudk ?kj jaxdeZ dh dk;Z'kkyk cu x;k FkkA
okLro esa Lokra=;ksÙkj Hkkjr esa ;g cgqr lh bIVk efgykvksa dh ;k=kk gSA

fyax ifjizs{; esa ,d vU; egÙoiw.kZ igyw] bIVk ds laxBu ds Hkhrj efgykvksa dh fLFkfr] ij
ut+j Mkyuk gksxkA laxBu ds Hkhrj efgyk,a izeq[k :i ls vfHkus=kh jghaA muesa ls dqNsd gh ys[kd
vkSj funZs'kd cu ldhaA vius vè;;u esa ekfyuh Hkêkpk;Z us Li"V fd;k gS fd ^vkanksyu ds Hkhrj
ukVd fy[kus vkSj fu£er djus esa l{ke efgyk,a Fkh] ysfdu ;g {kerk dHkh QyhHkwr ugha gqbZ tks
fd bl ckr dk ladsr gS fd efgyk dk;ZdÙkkZ dks ,d lhek ds Hkhrj dke djus fn;k tkrk FkkA
efgyk vkRej{kk lfefr dk viuk lkaLÑfrd dk;ZØe Fkk] ysfdu os funsZ'kd ugha cfYd vfHkusf=k;ka
FkhaA blds vykok bIVk laxBu esa u ds cjkcj efgyk,a usr`Ro vkSj fu.kZ; esa 'kkfey FkhaA 1942 ls
caxky esa efgyk vkj{k.k lfefr cukus okyh efgyk,a vDlj bIVk esa Hkh lfØ; Fkha] ysfdu ;s
dk;ZdÙkkZ Hkh dHkh usr`Ro esa ugha jghaA ;s efgyk,a lpsr jktuhfrd dk;ZdÙkkZ Fkha] os lkaLÑfrd ny
esa gks jgs ifjorZuksa ls okfd+Q+ Fkha] buds ckjs esa muds vius jktuhfrd fopkj Fks vkSj os lkaLÑfrd
tRFks ds fo?kVu dks Hkh le>rh FkhaA egÙoiw.kZ ;g ugha gS fd bu ekeyksa ij mudk fHkUu er Fkk]
cfYd ;g gS fd jktuhfrd :i ls lpsr gksus ds ckotwn efgykvksa dk dksbZ jktuhfrd #[k ugha
FkkA vius lk{kkRdkj eas nhuk xkèa kh dgrh g^µaS eaS uhfr fuek.Z k vkjS lxa Bu dh lja puk eas 'kkfey ugha
FkhA eSa vfHkus=kh FkhA ysfdu ge lc bIVk ds dsanzh; ny dh vfHkusf=k;ka lpsr dk;ZdÙkkZ Hkh FkhaA
blhfy, ge fuLrst vfHkusf=k;ka ek=k ugha FkhaA ge ltho Fkha vkSj tks dqN gks jgk Fkk] ml ij
ifz rfØ;k djrh FkhAa ge lc fofHkUu ikz ra kas ls vk;h Fkhyµa fs du ge tc ixz fr'khy oke vkna kys u
ls tqM+h FkhaA gesa bl ckr ds fy, vfèkdkfèkd lpsr cuk;k x;k Fkk fd ge bls rksM+sa ugha] bls >d>ksjsa
ugha vkSj x+yr txg ij bls fMLVcZ ugha djsaA ;g ,d rjg dh iz;ksx'kkyk FkkA ^fLizV vkWQ bafM;k*
vkSj ^bafM;k bEeksjVy* nks fHkUu rjg ds Vwj FksA n'kZd cny x;s FksA ge n'kZdksa ds izfr lgt Fks
ftUgsa geus igys ns[kk FkkA ge mu eqíksa ds izfr Hkh lgt Fks ftuls geesa ifjorZu vk;kA ysfdu
dydÙkk] cacbZ vkSj fnYyh ds n'kZdksa ds ekeys esa ,slh ckr ugha FkhA ogka ge jkscq nk vkSj 'kkafr nk

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 137

ls Mjrs FkAs ,ls k yxrk Fkk tlS s fd os ekfyd gkas vkjS ge midj.k gkdµas e ls de euaS s ,ls k egllw
fd;kA ysfdu geus fdlh ds ckjs eas loky ugha mBk;kA ;g lcls cqjh ckr gSA ;fn geus bl ij
loky mBk;k gksrk] ;fn [kM+s gksus vkSj loky iwNus ds fy, lkaLÑfrd :i ls i;kZIr lqn`<+ gksrs rks
os t+:j le> ysrs fd os D;k dj jgs gSaA mUgksaus dksbZ ckr ugha le>hA D;ksa\ gels dkSu loky
djsxk\ ge ltZd gSaA* xqy cèkZu us vius lk{kkRdkj esa dgk gS] ^vius Vwj ds nkSjku ge tgka dgha
Hkh x;s ogka gekjh [kwc iz'kalk gqbZA gekjs dke dh otg ls Hkkjh la[;k eas cqf)thoh vkSj dykdkj
ikVhZ ds ut+nhd vk;s vkSj cgqr ls ikVhZ ds leFkZd cu x;sA ysfdu ikVhZ us bl ckr dks ugha le>kA
tc ge cacbZ ykSVs rks gesa crk;k x;k fd dsanzh; ny dks Hkax djus dk fu'p; fd;k x;k gS---dksbZ
cgl ;k ppkZ ugha gqbZ---dsanzh; ny ds lHkh lnL;ksa dks cgqr nq%[k vkSj [ksn gqvkA geus eglwl fd;k
fd ;g ,dne x+yr gS] ysfdu ge brus NksVs Fks fd usrkvksa ds lkeus eqag ugha [kksy ldrs FksA*

bl izdkj bl ys[k esa bIVk efgykvksa dh ml ;k=kk dk fooj.k nsus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS tks
muds thou ds fofHkUu {k.kksa esa iq#"klÙkkRed lhekvksa dk vfrØe.k gSA ;g vfrØe.k ukjhoknh
jktuhfr us 'kq: ugha fd;k] ysfdu vfèkdka'k efgyk,a bl ckr ls okfd+Q+ Fkha fd mudh jktuhfr
dk fojksèk iq#"k &lÙkkRed ekspsZ us fd;k gSA ;g vfrØe.k laxBu ds Hkhrj fyax ij vkèkkfjr
Js.khc)rk dks pqukSrh ugha ns ldkA bl leL;k dh vksj è;ku [khaps tkus dh vko';drk gSA

yrk flag
Qksu ua- 9868542857
fganh :ikarj% jke fd'ku xqIrk
Qksu ua- 9818084190

138 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

tu ukV~; ijaijk

¼lanHkZ % bIVk½

panzs'k

Hkkjrh; jax&vkanksyu ds bfrgkl esa Hkkjrh; tu ukV~; la?k¼bIVk½ dk vkfoHkkZo ,d ^Q+suksfeuu*
dh rjg gSA ljljh rkSj ij ns[kus ij lglk fdlh dks fo'okl gh ugha gksxk fd egkuxjh; i`"BHkwfe
ls rkYyqd+kr j[kus okys e/;oxhZ; cqf)thfo;ksa] laLÑfrdfeZ;ksa] jktuhfrdfeZ;ksa dh ,d NksVh&lh
tekr bdëk gksrh gS vkSj lkaLÑfrd tutkxj.k dk ?kks"k.kk&i=k tkjh fd;k tkrk gSA vkSj ns[krs&ns[krs
bldh ygj n's k Hkj eas QyS tkrh gyµS kxs ckx lkLa Ñfrd dkjoka dk fgLlk curs pys x;As yfs du]
^bIVk* ds xBu dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe dks le>s cx+Sj ml fojkV lkaLÑfrd vkanksyu dk lgh
vkdyu djuk eqf'dy gksxkA blfy, FkksM+k ihNs ykSVuk gksxkA

1917 dh :lh lektoknh Økafr dh /ked fdlh&u&fdlh :i esa iwjs fo'o esa lquk;h iM+ jgh
FkhA Hkkjrh; miegkns'k Hkyk blls vNwrk dSls jg ldrk Fkk] [k+kldj ,sls ekgkSy esa tc Hkkjrh;
turk vaxzst+h lkezkT;okn ls eqfDr ds fy, NViVk jgh Fkh vkSj Lok/khurk vkanksyu dh fpuxkjh iwjs
ns'k esa QSyrh tk jgh FkhA 1936 esa y[kuÅ esa izxfr'khy ys[kd la?k dh LFkkiuk gks pqdh Fkh] ftldh
vè;{krk e'kgwj ys[kd izsepan us dh FkhA vius v/;{kh; oDrO; esa mUgksaus Li"V ?kks"k.kk dh Fkh %
^gekjh dlkSVh ij ogh lkfgR; [kjk mrjsxk ftlesa mPp fparu gks( Lok/khurk dk Hkko gks] lkSan;Z dk
lkj gk]s lt` u dh vkRek gk]s thou dh lPpkb;kas dk idz k'k gktµs ks ge eas xfr] l?a k"kZ vkjS cps uS h
iSnk djs] gesa lqyk;s ugha] D;ksafd vc vkSj T+;knk lksuk e`R;q dk y{k.k gS---*A yxHkx blh le;
dfork ds {ks=k esa Nanksa dh eqfDr ds mn~?kks"k ds lkFk egkdfo fujkyk us dfork dh eqfDr dks euq";
dh eqfDr ls tksM+us dk vkg~oku fd;k FkkA

blh mFky&iqFky Hkjh i`"BHkwfe esa ^bIVk* dk xBu gqvkA blds igys lEesyu dks lacksf/kr djrs
gq, izks- ghjsu eq[kthZ us dgk Fkk % ^eSa pkgrk gwa tks dqN Hkh gekjs Hkhrj lcls vPNk gS vki lc mls
viuh turk ds fy, vfiZr dj nsa] tks pht+ brus yacs le; ls nck dj j[kh x;h Fkh] ij tks vius
vlyh :i esa 'kkunkj <ax ls okil vk jgh gSA ys[kd vkSj dykdkj vkvks] vkvks vfHkusrk vkSj
ukVddkj] vkvks rqe lkjs yksx] tks gkFk ;k fnekx+ ls dke djrs gks] vkvks vkSj vius vkidks Lora=krk
vkSj lkekftd U;k; dk ,d u;k lekt cukus ds fy, lefiZr dj nks--- ;fn lpeqp geyksx fdlh
mís'; dh [+okfg'k j[krs gSa rks gesa ;g ;kn j[kuk gksxk fd dkexkj /kjrh ds ued dh rjg gSa vkSj
mudh fu;fr ds lkFk Lo;a dks tksM+uk gh lcls cM+h miyfC/k gksxh---* ¼cacbZ] ^bIVk* ds igys lEesyu
esa mn~?kkVu oDrO; dk va'k] 25 ebZ 1943½A

njvly cacbZ esa ^bIVk* ds lEesyu dk viuk ,sfrgkfld egRo gS] D;ksafd bldh igpku flQ+Z
,d egkuxj ds :i esa ugha] cfYd vkS|ksfxd o lkaLÑfrd dsanz ds :i esa Fkh vkSj VªsM ;wfu;u
vkanksyu viuh tM+sa tek pqdk Fkk vkSj bl lEesyu us Hkkoh lkaLÑfrd vkanksyu dh :ijs[kk r; djus
esa fu.kkZ;d Hkwfedk fuHkk;hA ogka ls 'kq: gqvk vfHk;ku ns[krs&ns[krs tulkaLÑfrd vfHk;ku ds :i

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 139

esa caxky] fcgkj] vle] mM+hlk] mÙkj izns'k] iatkc] vka/kzizns'k] dsjy] egkjk"Vª lesr ns'k ds T+;knkrj
fgLlksa esa QSy x;kA ;g ,d rjg ls lkaLÑfrd iqutkZxj.k Fkk] ftlus Hkkjrh; lkfgR;] dyk] ukVd]
xhr] u`R;] flusek] foKku] lekt foKku ;kuh thou ds izk;% gj {ks=k esa cqfu;knh cnyko yk fn;kA
lekt dk 'kk;n gh dksbZ rcd+k gksxk tks bldh igqap ls ckgj jgk gksA ys[kd] dfo] i=kdkj]
f'kYidkj] fp=kdkj] jaxdehZ] laxhrdkj] oSKkfud] lekt foKkuh] dkexkj] fdlku] Nk=k] ;qok & lcksa
dks ,d lkFk ysdj cuk ,slk ekspkZ vHkwriwoZ FkkA ;g rF; Hkh vius vki esa cgqr vFkZiw.kZ gS fd
^bIVk* dk uke ns'k ds fo[;kr oSKkfud gkseh tgkaxhj HkkHkk us lq>k;k FkkA pkSFks&ikaposa n'kd esa thou
ds fdlh {ks=k ls dksbZ Hkh cM+k uke ysa] os bl lkaLÑfrd vfHk;ku dk fgLlk cu pqds FksA

tgka rd ukVd vkSj jaxeap dk loky gS ^bIVk* ds igys jaxeap ikjlh fFk;sVj dh fxj¶+r esa
Fkk] ftlus ukVd esa vfrjatuk] Hkkjh Hkjde eap lTtk] Hkkoqdrk] QwgM+rk dks gh lk/; cuk fn;k
FkkA ukVd t+cjnLr ;kaf=kdrk dk f'kdkj gks x;k Fkk vkSj og thou ds ;FkkFkZ ls nwj ,d ek;koh
yksd dh l`f"V rd lhfer gksdj jg x;k FkkA ysfdu ^bIVk* ds vkxeu ds ckn ukVd vkSj jaxeap
esa ,d Økafrdkjh cnyko ns[kus dks feykA igyh ckj ukVd dks thou ls tksM+us dh dksf'k'k dh x;h
vkSj mlus eap vkSj n'kZd ds chp dh nwjh dks yxHkx ikV fn;kA bl vfHkuo iz;ksx dh vksj ladsr
djrs gq, ^bIVk* ds 'kq#vkrh nkSj ls tqM+s tkus&ekus ukV~; leh{kd usfepanz tSu us fy[kk gS % ^nwljs
egk;q) ds fnuksa esa ^bIVk* us ukVd dh fo"k;oLrq vkSj vfHkusrkvksa dh {kerk ij cy nsdj] fcYdqy
lkns dkys ijns ds lkeus ukVd djds ;kaf=kd vkSj fn[kkoVh lTtk ds eksg ij igyk rhoz vk?kkr
fd;kA ^bIVk* ds ukVd ml lgt lk/kughurk ds ckotwn] vkSj mlds QyLo:i gj izdkj ds
vyadj.k vkSj rM+d&HkM+d ds vHkko esa Hkh] cfYd 'kk;n mlds dkj.k gh] vius dF; dks
rkRdkfydrk] lkFkZdrk rFkk xaHkhjrk ds cy ij izHkkoh gq,A bl izdkj Hkkjrh; jaxeap esa ukVd dks]
fo'ks"kdj mldh fo"k;oLrq dks] rFkk vfHkusrk dks] fQj ls izfr"Bk feyh--* ¼jaxn'kZu] i`- 65½A

tkfgj gS ,d lksph&le>h j.kuhfr vkSj lkaLÑfrd le> ds rgr ^bIVk* dk xBu gqvk Fkk vkSj
'kq#vkrh nkSj esa gh mlus vius ukVdksa ds eapu o lkaLÑfrd xfrfof/k;ksa ds ek/;e ls vius c`gÙkj
mís';ksa dh >yd ns nh Fkh] D;ksafd ukVd ds fy, ukVd djuk vkSj ukVd dks lkekftd cnyko
ds lkFk tkMs +us dh lkFkdZ igynµ kus kas nks ckras gAaS ^bIVk* us vius ukV;~ inz 'kuZ kas eas ukVd dh vra oLZ rq
esa VVdkiu vkSj bls yksxksa dh vk'kk&vkdka{kk ls tksM+us dh yyd ds lkFk&lkFk n{krk vkSj mRÑ"Vrk
ij Hkh iwjk t+ksj fn;kA ;gh dkj.k gS fd cacbZ ds igys jk"Vªh; lEesyu ds ekSd+s ij [+oktk vgen
vCckl }kjk Q+klhokn&fojks/kh i`"BHkwfe esa QSaVlh ds :i esa fy[ks x;s ukVd ;g ver` gS ds eapu
ds ckn bldh vkykspuk djrs gq, dgk x;k% ^fgVyj o tkWu dk pfj=k gesa jksekafpr djrk gSA ysfdu
laLÑfr vkSj blds ewy vk/kkj ;kuh Lora=krk ds nq'euksa ds izfr fgd+kjr dk Hkko iSnk djus rFkk muls
n`<+rkiwoZd la?k"kZ djus ds ladYi dh ukVd esa deh gSA gesa muls rc rd yM+uk gksxk] tc rd
os iwjh rjg [+kRe ugha gks tkrs---*A gkykafd ukV~; eapu dh n`f"V ls ;g ml nkSj ds lQy ukVdksa
esa ls ,d jgk gS vkSj blds dbZ eapu gq,A ysfdu ;gka ;g x+kSj djus okyh ckr gS fd ^bIVk* us
dyk ds lkFk oSpkfjd la?k"kZ vkSj ukVd ds VªhVesaV dks Hkh mruk gh egRo fn;k D;ksafd lkezkT;okn
vkSj Q+klhokn ds ml nkSj esa ukVd dk bLrseky Hkh ,d gfFk;kj ds :i esa gh laHko Fkk] D;ksafd dyk
dk Hkh izpkjkRed egRo gksrk gSA

140 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

Hkkjrh; jax&vkanksyu ds bfrgkl esa ^bIVk* ds egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku dks flQ+Z bl ckr ds fy, ;kn
ugha fd;k tk;sxk fd ns'k ds vyx&vyx fgLlksa esa ml iwjs nkSj esa u dsoy Js"B ukVd jps x;s]
lSdM+ksa&gt+kjksa dh la[;k esa mudk eapu fd;k x;k] cfYd mu ukVdksa us ,d gypy iSnk dj nhA
ukVd o jaxeap dks mlds ca/ks&ca/kk;s eqgkojs ls ckgj fudky dj turk ds O;kid fgLls ls tksM+us
dh bl ,sfrgkfld igy us] u dsoy ledkyhu Hkkjrh; jaxdeZ dks xgjs vFkZ esa izHkkfor fd;k] cfYd
jaxeap dh fn'kk r; djus esa Hkh vge ;ksxnku fn;k] 'kksf"kr] ihfM+r turk dh vk'kk&vkdka{kkvksa vkSj
reke lkekftd] jktuSfrd vkanksyuksa ls rknkRE; LFkkfir dj jaxdeZ dh u;h ifjHkk"kk x<+ nhA u
flQ+Z iz;ksx ds Lrj ij] cfYd varoZLrq] jaxf'kYi] Hkk"kk ;kuh gj Lrj ij ukVd us ,d u;s lkSan;Z&cks/
k dks tUe fn;kA ^bIVk* dh ;g Li"V ekU;rk Fkh fd cgqla[;d nch&dqpyh] 'kksf"kr vkSj oafpr
vkcknh dks ut+jvankt dj fdlh csgrj o [kq'kgky lekt dh LFkkiuk ugha dh tk ldrhA lekt
dh eq[;/kkjk ls yxHkx dVs gq, yksxksa ds chp jaxpsruk dk izpkj&izlkj rFkk ukVd ds t+fj;s muesa
ekuoh; laosnuk dk cks/k ^bIVk* ds le{k lcls cM+h pqukSrh FkhA ;gka bl ckr dks Hkh js[kkafdr djus
dh t+:jr gS fd bl vkanksyu ds nkSjku fudyh vusd ukV~;&eaMfy;ksa dks 'kkSfd;k dguk blfy,
mfpr ugha gksxk fd ,d [k+kl fe'ku ds rgr jaxdfeZ;ksa dh ;g tekr laxfBr gqbZ FkhA t+kfgj gS
fd os lHkh jaxdehZ mu nokcksa ls eqDr Fks] tks dgha u dgha] fdlh u fdlh Lrj ij ukVddkjksa]
jaxdfeZ;ksa dks le>kSrk djus dks foo'k djrs gSaA

^bIVk* ds bl ,sfrgkfld jax&vkanksyu dh dks[k ls fofHkUu Hkk"kkvksa esa vusd Js"B ukV~; Ñfr;ka
fudydj vk;ha] ftu ij vyx&vyx dks.kksa ls foLrkj ls dkQ+h dqN fy[kk x;k gS] fy[kk tk jgk
gSA buesa dqN ukVdksa dh ppkZ djuk ;gka izklafxd gksxk] ftuesa uokUu ;kuh u;h Q+ly] vU;re
gSA 1943&44 ds caxky ds Hk;kud vdky dh i`"BHkwfe esa ^bIVk* ds 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa tqM+s fctu
Hkêkpk;Z us 1944 esa ;g ukVd fy[kk FkkA vDVwcj 1944 esa igyh ckj bl ukVd dk ^bIVk* ds cSuj
ds rgr eapu fd;k x;kA iz[;kr jaxdehZ&funsZ'kd 'kaHkq fe=k vkSj Lo;a ys[kd us lkewfgd :i ls
uokUu dk funsZ'ku fd;k FkkA bl ukVd ds eapu us ckaXyk ukVd o jaxeap dh /kkjk gh cny nhA
fctu Hkêkpk;Z us bl ukVd esa ,dne u;h ukV~;&;qfDr;ksa dk bLrseky fd;kA ;g ,d ukV~;iz;ksx
Hkh Fkk vkSj ikjaifjd jax&'kSfy;ksa dk l`tukRed bLrseky HkhA ukVddkj us ik'pkR; ukVdksa dh
;FkkFkZoknh 'kSyh dks udkjrs gq, Hkkjrh; ifjos'k esa ,d u;k ekWMy fodflr fd;kA vdky ds cgkus
bl ukVd esa u flQZ+ vdky dh Hk;kogrk dk fp=k.k fd;k x;k] cfYd lkezkT;oknh rkd+rksa dh
u`'kalrk] vekuoh;rk dk Hkh dykRed <ax ls inkZQ+k'k fd;k vkSj mldh eq[+kkyQ+r dhA uokUu ds
pfj=k rRdkyhu fczfV'k ljdkj dh mnklhurk ds lkFk&lkFk bl rF; dks lQyrkiwoZd n'kZdksa ds
le{k j[kus esa lQy jgs fd ;g vdky izkÑfrd vkink ugha gSA ;fn ns'k ds 'kkldoxksZa esa ihfM+r
turk ds izfr FkksM+h Hkh ekuoh; laosnuk gksrh rks bl egkfouk'k dks Vkyk tk ldrk FkkA ukVd ds
pfj=kksa dks bl rjg mdsjk x;k Fkk fd os vHkko esa Hkh thfor jgrs gSa vkSj bl ladYi ds lkFk xkao
ykSVrs gSa fd euq"; gksus ds ukrs ft+ank jguk mudk gd+ gSA uokUu ;kuh u;h Q+ly] u;h mEehn
dk irz hd cu tkrk gS vkjS og Hkfo"; dh vkjs b'kkjk djrk g]S ftldk eyw vk/kkj glµS kgl vkjS
mEehnA

Hkkjrh; ukVdksa ds tkusekus v/;srk #Lre Hk:pk us uokUu dh vHkwriwoZ lQyrk dh ppkZ djrs

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 141

gq, fy[kk gS% ^uokUu vius :i vkSj varoZLrq esa rks ekSfyd Fkk gh] mlesa nq%[k&rdyhQ+ksa dks] fny
ngyk nsusokyh bZekunkjh ls] mdsjk x;k FkkA Hkk"kk vkSj jaxlTtk esa Hkh u;kiu FkkA uhyniZ.k ds ckn
uokUu ckaXyk fFk;sVj esa nwljh ;qxkardkjh ?kVuk dh rjg gSA dbZ ek;uksa esa blds mís'; vkSj lkgl
dk ikj ikuk ukeqefdu&lk gSA ukVd dh fo"k;oLrq caxky ds vdky esa ekjs x;s yk[kksa yksxksa dh
foHkhf"kdk ls de nk#.k ugha Fkh---* ¼fjglZYl vkWo fjoksY;w'ku] lhxy cqDl] 1983] i`- 44½A

bl ukVd ds lanHkZ esa ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd uokUu ds vykok xHkZorh tuuh] nsoh xtZu
lesr dbZ fo[;kr ukVdksa ds jpf;rk fctu Hkêkpk;Z us dbZ ckj vyx&vyx yksxksa ls ckrphr esa
Li"V :i ls Lohdkj fd;k fd muds xq# u rks vjLrw jgs gSa vkSj u gh ekbdsy e/kqlwnu nÙk] cfYd
vlyh xq# os xzkeh.k] fdlku] ckmy xk;d] ukfod vkSj f'kdkjh gSa tks muds laidZ esa vk;sA ^bIVk*
dh LFkkiuk Hkh bUgha mlwyksa dh cqfu;kn ij gqbZ Fkh fd vlyh uk;d turk gh gS vkSj turk ds
O;kidre rcd+s ls rknkRE; LFkkfir fd;s cx+Sj dksbZ cM+k lkaLÑfrd cnyko laHko ugha gSA blh ckr
dks #Lre Hk:pk us bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr fd;k gS% ^bIVk us jaxdeZ dh izpfyr vo/kkj.kk vkSj mlds
rkusckus esa cqfu;knh cnyko yk fn;kA fxuspqus laHkzkar n'kZdksa dh txg vke turk ds fy, ukV~;
izn'kZu ds t+fj;s mlus lekt ds oafpr rcd+s dks ukVd ls tksM+k] tks blls vyx&Fkyx Fks ;k ftUgsa
ukVd ns[kus ls oafpr j[kk x;k Fkk*- ¼fjglZYl vkWo fjoksY;w'ku] i`- 42½A

uokUu dk eapu flQ+Z caxky gh ugha] caxky ds ckgj Hkh ckj ckj fd;k x;kA caxky ds vdky
us ukVddkj] ys[kd] dfo] fp=kdkj lesr yxHkx gj,d fo/kk ls rkYyqd+ j[kus okys yksxksa dk /;ku
viuh vksj [khapkA ysfdu ^bIVk* ds iz;kl ls bl egkfouk'k dks Hkh yksxksa us ,d pqukSrh ds :i esa
Lohdkjk vkSj bls ,d jk"Vªh; foink ds :i esa yksxksa ds lkeus j[kkA Hkkjr ds lkaLÑfrd bfrgkl
esa ;g ,d egRoiw.kZ ?kVuk dh rjg gS fd laLÑfr ls rkYyqd+ j[kus okys yksxksa us vdky ihfM+rksa
ds lgk;rkFkZ ns'kHkj esa ukV~; izn'kZuksa ds ek/;e ls dkQ+h /ku bdëk fd;kA caxky ds lkaLÑfrd
nLrs us bl eqfge esa vxz.kh Hkwfedk fuHkk;hA bl lkaLÑfrd nkSjs dk iwjs ns'k esa t+cjnLr vlj gqvk
vkSj blus iwjs ns'k dh turk dks ,d&nwljs ds d+jhc yk fn;kA caxky ds vykok iatkc] egkjk"Vª o
xqtjkr ds vyx&vyx bykd+ksa ls ukV~; izn'kZu ds t+fj;s 2 yk[k #i;s bdëk djuk dksbZ ekewyh ckr
ugha FkhA ;gh tT+ck ^bIVk* dh lcls cM+h rkd+r FkhA bl nkSjku tqcSnk ¼[+oktk vgen vCckl½] ;g
[kwu fdldk gS ¼vyh ljnkj tkQ+jh½ vkfn vusd egRoiw.kZ ukVd fy[ks vkSj [ksys x;s] ftUgsa gt+kjksa
gt+kj n'kZdksa us ns[kk vkSj ljkgkA

^bIVk* dk QSyko cM+h rst+h ls gqvk vkSj ns[krs&ns[krs ns'k ds dbZ bykd+ksa esa bldh lSdM+ksa bdkb;ka
cu x;haA ysfdu] blds vykok ^bIVk* us cM+h la[;k esa mu ukV~;&eaMfy;ksa dks Hkh izHkkfor fd;k]
tks eq[; :i ls is'ksoj FkhaA bl Øe esa i`Fohjkt diwj ds ^i`Foh fFk;sVlZ* dk mnkgj.k gekjs lkeus
gSA 1944 esa bl eaMyh dk eqacbZ esa xBu gqvkA ;g eaMyh is'ksoj <ax ls iwjs Hkkjr esa ?kwe&?kwe dj
ukV~;&izn'kZu djrh Fkh] ysfdu ^bIVk* dk izHkko bl eaMyh ij Li"V :i ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA
i`Fohjkt diwj ^bIVk* ds d+jhc Hkh jgs vkSj mlds egRo dks mUgksaus Lohdkj Hkh fd;kA nhokj] iSlk]
fdlku] vkgqfr] dykdkj vkfn ukVdksa ij fdlh u fdlh :i esa ^bIVk* dk izHkko ns[kk tk ldrk
gSA blh ckr dks y{; djrs gq, ^bIVk* ls tqM+s egku dykdkjksa esa ls ,d cyjkt lkguh us dgk
Fkk% ^ml t+ekus ds tu&vkanksyuksa us ukVd ds nwljs dbZ lks;s 'ksjksa dks txk fn;k FkkA tu ukV~;

142 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

la?k¼bIVk½ dk vkanksyu ns[krs&ns[krs ns'kHkj esa QSy x;k FkkA bl cacbZ 'kgj esa us'kuy fFk;sVj] xzqi
fFk;sVj vkSj chfl;ksa nwljh ukV~;&eaMfy;ka cgkj dh dksiyksa dh rjg QwV iM+h Fkha---* ¼i`Fohjkt diwj
vfHkuna u xFaz k ls m)r` ½A

^bIVk* ds izHkko esa dsjy esa ^dsjy ihiqy vkVZ Dyc* ¼dsih,lh½ dk 1950 esa xBu gqvkA bl
ukV~;& eaMyh us esjk csVk lPpk ls viuh ukV~;;k=kk dh 'kq#vkr dh vkSj ;g ukVd lQy jgkA
bldh LFkkiuk okeiaFkh fopkj/kkjk ls tqM+s ukStokuksa us dh FkhA /khjs&/khjs bl laxBu dk foLrkj gksrk
pyk x;k vkSj ns[krs&ns[krs dsjy esa bldh igpku cu x;hA [+kkldj bl ukV~;&eaMyh us tc rksfIiy
Hkklh jfpr ukVd rqeus eq>s dE;qfuLV cuk fn;k dk eapu fd;k rks blus dsjy esa ukVd dh fn'kk
gh cny nhA iwjs dsjy esa bl ukVd us Hkwpky yk fn;k vkSj rksfIiy Hkklh dks ,d ukVddkj ds :i
esa u;h igpku fnyk;hA ;g og nkSj Fkk tc dsjy esa dE;qfuLV vkanksyu vius pje ij FkkA rksfIiy
Hkklh Hkwfexr jgdj ukV~; ys[ku dj jgs FksA rqeus eq>s dE;qfuLV cuk fn;k dks dsjy dh turk
dk O;kid leFkZu feyk vkSj ;g ukVd dsjy ds tu&lkaLÑfrd vkanksyu ds ,d izLFkku fcanq ds
:i esa lkeus vk;kA ;ksa] rksfIiy Hkklh us dbZ ukVd fy[ks vkSj mUgsa ljkgk Hkh x;k] ysfdu rqeus
eq>s dE;qfuLV cuk fn;k tSlh izflf) nwljs ukVd dks ugha feyhA bl ukVd us dE;qfuLV fopkj/
kkjk dks iwjs dsjy esa QSykus esa vge Hkwfedk fuHkk;hA ukVd esa lkekftd varfoZjks/k ds lkFk&lkFk]
iwjs lkekftd ifjos'k dk fp=k.k csgn dykRed <ax ls fd;k x;k FkkA dbZ pfj=kksa] [+kkldj iqjkuh
ih<+h vkSj u;h ih<+h ds oSpkfjd la?k"kZ dks bl ukVd esa c[kwch mdsjk x;k gSA u;h ih<+h fdl rjg
ifjoÙkuZ ds nkjS ls xtq +j jgh gS vkjS ijq kuh ih<+h viuh ijq kuh yhd ij d+k;e jguk pkgrh gbµS lh
}a} dks ukVd esa fn[kk;k x;k Fkk vkSj var esa iqjkuh ih<+h dk izfrfuf/kRo djus okyk pfj=k ml cnyko
dks eglwl djrs gq, Lohdkjrk vkSj vuk;kl dg mBrk gS% ^rqeus eq>s dE;qfuLV cuk fn;kA*

^dsjy ihiqy vkVZ Dyc* us dsjy ds ,d cM+s bykd+s esa dkexkj] fdlkuksa] cqf)thfo;ksa o
eè;oxhZ; yksxksa ds chp viuh xgjh iSB cuk;h vkSj ukVd ds {ks=k esa rjg&rjg ds dykRed iz;ksx
fd;s vkSj ukVd dks jkst+ejsZ dh fta+nxh dk fgLlk cukus esa vge Hkwfedk fuHkk;h gSA ns'k ds nwljs
dbZ {ks=kksa esa viuh csgrjhu ukV~;&izLrqfr;ksa ds t+fj;s bl ukV~;&eaMyh us viuh igpku d+k;e dhA

blh rjg vka/kzizns'k dk mnkgj.k Hkh gekjs lkeus gSA ^vka/kz izns'k iztk ukV~;&eaMyh* ds
fØ;kdykiksa ij Hkh ^bIVk* dk izHkko ns[kk tk ldrk gSA vka/kz izns'k ds dkQ+h cM+s bykd+s esa bl
ukV~;&eaMyh dh igqap gS vkSj blus ,d O;kid lkaLÑfrd vk/kkj d+k;e fd;k gSA iztk ukV~;&eaMyh
dh ,d cM+h miyfC/k ;g jgh gS fd laxBu dk eq[; vk/kkj xzkeh.k bykd+ksa esa gS vkSj fdlku] dkexkj
o nfyr yksxksa ds chp bldh xgjh iSB gSA iwjs vka/kz izns'k esa bl ukV~;&eaMyh dh 1000 ls T+;knk
'kk[+kk,a gSa vkSj 22 gt+kj ls T+;knk blds lnL; gSaA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd ^bIVk* ds t+ekus esa
tu&vkanksyu dh dks[k ls mith ^iztk ukV~; eaMyh* us rc ls ysdj vusd mrkj&p<+koksa ds ckotwn
viuk vfHk;ku tkjh j[kk gqvk gS] cfYd mls foLrkj gh fn;k gSA ;g bl iwjs tu ukV~; vkanksyu
dh ,d cM+h miyfCèk gSA blh rjg fcgkj] iatkc] m-iz-] e-iz-] vle] mM+hlk] ef.kiqj] f=kiqjk] xqtjkr
lesr dbZ jkT;ksa esa bIVk us viuh tM+sa QSyk;ha vkSj vius dke dks foLrkj fn;kA

^bIVk* ds 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa mldk lkaxBfud <kapk dkQ+h O;kid Fkk] D;ksafd mudh LFkkiuk c`gÙkj
mís';ksa dh izkfIr ds fy, dh x;h FkhA blh vksj b'kkjk djrs gq, cyjkt lkguh us dgk Fkk % ^bIVk

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 143

u rks fdlh jktuhfrd ikVhZ ls lac) gS vkSj u fdlh xqV lsA ;g ,d ,slk la?k gS] tgka lHkh
jktuhfrd nyksa vkSj x+Sjjktuhfrd yksxksa dk Lokxr gS] bl la?k ds lnL; gksus dh ,dek=k 'krZ
gnµS 's kHkfDr] viuh tulLa Ñfr ij xo*Z --- ¼6 tuojh 1945 eas fn;s x;s oDrO; dk v'a k½

1957 esa ^bIVk* dk vkBoka jk"Vªh; lEesyu gqvk tks 'kk;n ^bIVk* ds iqjkus uk;dksa dk vafre
lEesyu Fkk] D;ksafd 9oka jk"Vªh; lEesyu 28 o"kks± ckn 1985 esa vkxjk esa gqvk Fkk vkSj ;g Hkh la;ksx
Fkk fd 1957 esa gh dsjy esa nqfu;k dh igyh fuokZfpr dE;qfuLV ljdkj cuhA t+kfgj gS vkt+knh
feyus ds nl o"kks± ds nkSjku ns'k dk lkekftd] jktuhfrd] lkaLÑfrd ifjn`'; cgqr&dqN cny x;k
FkkA ^bIVk* dk tUe lkezkT;oknh&Q+klhoknh rkd+rksa ds fojks/k esa pyk;s tk jgs Lok/khurk vkanksyu
dh /kkj dks rst+ djus vkSj lekt esa tuoknh ewY;ksa ds izlkj dh ,sfrgkfld t+:jr ds rkSj ij gqvk
FkkA t+kfgj gS vkt+knh ds ckn ,d Lok/khu eqYd esa lfØ; ^bIVk* ds lkeus dqN nwljh vkSj u;h
pqukSfr;ka lkeus FkhaA bl nkSj esa 'kkldoxZ ds oxhZ; pfj=k dk ewY;kadu vkSj bl Øe esa oSpkfjd
la?k"kZ ykft+eh Fkk vkSj og gqvk HkhA ysfdu NBk n'kd vkrs vkrs fLFkfr;ka cny x;ha vkSj vkt+knh
ds ckn dh u;h ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lgh <ax ls vkdyu djus esa ^bIVk* dh ikfylh r; djus okyksa
ls dgha u dgha pwd gqbZA urhtru ftu dkj.kksa ls iwjs ns'k ds mRÑ"V dykdkj] jpukdkj ,d eap
ij bdëk gq, Fks] os dkj.k /khjs&/khjs xkS.k gksrs pys x;s vkSj mudh txg jktuhfrd ladh.kZrk us ys
yhA thou o tM+ksa ls tqM+us dh txg ikVhZ ykbu ij ukVd fy[ks tkus dk vkxzg fd;k tkus yxk
vkSj oxZlg;ksx dh uhfr;ka gkoh gksus yxhaA ikVhZ ds NqVHkS;s usrkvksa dh rqyuk esa dykdkjksa] jpukdkjksa
dk d+n NksVk fd;k tkus yxkA ns[krs&ns[krs ,d cM+k tu&lkaLÑfrd vfHk;ku vk'p;Ztud :i ls
fnXHkzfer gksdj Bgjko ds nkSj esa igqap x;k vkSj fc[kjko dh izfØ;k rst+ gksrh pyh x;kA ,d ,slh
fodV fLFkfr mRiUu gqbZ fd O;kid tuleqnk; dks tksM+us vkSj mlls tqM+us ds ctk; fdlh rjg
laxBu dks cuk;s&cpk;s j[kus ij lkjk t+ksj dsafnzr gks x;kA ^bIVk* ds mn~?kkVu lekjksgksa esa /khjs&/
khjs lÙkk:<+ ny ds jktusrkvksa] eaf=k;ksa dh mifLFkfr] futh fgrksa esa laxBu dk bLrseky vkfn vke
ckrsa cu x;haA vkanksyu dh tM+sa /khjs&/khjs yksdfoeq[k gksdj lÙkk ds xfy;kjs dh vksj eqM+ x;haA
lkewfgdrk dk Hkko frjksfgr gksrk pyk x;k vkSj O;fDrxr fgrksa us mldh txg ys yhA Åij ls
uhps rd ^bIVk* fxjksgcanh dk f'kdkj gks x;kA urhtru /khjs&/khjs thou ds vyx vyx {ks=kksa ls
tqM+h csgrjhu izfrHkk,a] tks cM+s mís';ksa dks ewÙkZ :i nsus ds fy, ^bIVk* dh tu eqfge ls tqM+h Fkha]
,d&,d dj blls vyx gksrh pyh x;haA bl rF; dks ghjsu xksgkabZ us bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr fd;k
gS % ^bIVk dk iwjk rkuk&ckuk vLr&O;Lr gks x;kA dbZ ukeh&fxjkeh dykdkj O;kolkf;d rFkk jkT;ksa
}kjk izk;ksftr miØeksa esa viuk dSfj;j ryk'kus esa tqV x;s vkSj bu laLFkkuksa }kjk ,sls yksxksa dks
lCt+ckx+ fn[kk;k x;k ;k fQj os viuh egÙokdka{kk dh iwfÙkZ ds fy, blls vyx gks x;s vkSj ftUgksaus
,slk ugha fd;k os eqQ+fylh dh fta+nxh thus ds fy, etcwj gks x;s---*A ¼n Vfs yxkz Q+] 19 tqykbZ]
1983½ vkt+knh ds ckn dh cnyh gqbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa us dbZ u;h pqukSfr;ksa dks Hkh tUe fn;k vkSj bu
pqukSfr;ksa dk lkaLÑfrd ekspsZ ij eqd+kcyk djuk ,d u;h pqukSrh cudj lkeus vk;kA ^bIVk* dk
jk"Vªh; <kapk pjejk x;k Fkk] fc[kjko dh izfØ;k rst+ gks x;hA

bl u;s ladV ds dkj.k gh iwjs ns'k esa] fo'ks"kdj caxky esa xzqi fFk;sVj vkanksyu izfrjks/kh rkd+r
ds :i esa lkeus vk;k vkSj blh nkSj esa caxky esa mRiy nÙk ds usr`Ro esa ^fyfVy fFk;sVj xzqi* us jk"Vªh;

144 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; Toyar leL;kvksa ij dasfnzr fofHkUu ukVdksa ds eapu ds t+fj;s /kwe epk nhA ;gka
;g Li"V djus dh t+:jr gS fd vius 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa mRiy nÙk ^bIVk* ls tqM+s Fks] ysfdu FkksM+s le;
esa gh os bl laxBu ls vyx gks x;s vkSj viuh Lora=k ukV~;&eaMyh cuk;hA igyh ckj ukVd iz[kj
jktuhfrd rsoj esa lkeus FkkA bl nkSjku mRiy nÙk us lM+d] uqDdM+ ls ysdj eap ij yxkrkj dbZ
ukVd fd;sA jkst+ejsZ dh leL;kvksa ij dsafnzr ^iFk&ukfVdk*¼LVªhV fFk;sVj½ ds t+fj;s mRiy nÙk us dbZ
u;s iz;ksx fd;s vkSj ukVd dks jkst+ejsZ dh ft+anxh dk fgLlk cukus dh dksf'k'k dhA blh nkSj esa mRiy
nÙk us vaxkj] dYyksy] Vhusj ryokj] vts; fo;ruke] csfjdsM] nq%LoIusjuxjh ljh[ks dbZ egRoiw.kZ
ukVd fy[ks vkSj mudk eapu fd;kA dks;yk [knku et+nwjksa dh fta+nxh ij vk/kkfjr vaxkj fdlh
Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk esa bl misf{kr fo"k; ij fy[kk igyk ukVd gSA bl ukVd esa dks;yk [knkuksa esa dke
djus okys et+nwjksa dh ukjdh; ft+anxh vkSj [knku ekfydksa] LFkkuh; iz'kklu ds xBtksM+ dks iz[kj <ax
ls n'kZdksa ds lkeus j[kk x;k vkSj n'kZdksa us bls [kwc ljkgkA caxky ds xkaoksa lesr fofHkUu bykd+ksa
esa bl ukVd ds 1150 izn'kZu fd;s x;s] ftUgsa dbZ txgksa ij gt+kjksa&gt+kj dh la[;k esa yksxksa us ns[kkA
blh rjg bfrgkl dh /kqa/k esa [kks;s ukSlSfud fonzksg dh egku xkFkk dks jaxeap ij igyh ckj dYykys
ukVd ds :i esa mRiy nÙk us thoar fd;kA bl ukVd ds Hkh 850 ls T+;knk izn'kZu gq,A mRiy nÙk
ds ukVdksa us lQyrk ds u;s dhfrZeku d+k;e fd;sA ;kuh bIVk ds ckn ,d ckj fQj x+Sjis'ksoj
izfrc) jaxdeZ ,dne u;s :i esa lkeus Fkk] bl fn'kk esa ^fFk;sVj ;wfuVh*] ^fFk;sVj fFk;sVlZ*]
^'krkCnh*] ^fyfoax fFk;sVj* lesr vusd jax&eaMfy;ksa dh lfØ;rk us bIVk }kjk 'kq: fd;s x;s
tu&ukV~;&vkanksyu dks fdlh&u&fdlh :i esa foLrkj gh fn;kA

lkaLÑfrd iqutkZxj.k ds ftl vfHk;ku dks ysdj ^bIVk* us tu&ukV~;&vkanksyu dh 'kq#vkr dh
Fkh] mldk QSyko o izHkko bruk foLr`r gS fd fdlh ,d vkys[k esa mls lesVuk ukeqefdu gSA
ysfdu] tgka rd ukVd dh ckr gS bl {ks=k esa nks cM+h 'kf[+l;rksa ds vonku dk mYys[k fd;s fcuk
dksbZ Hkh ppkZ v/kwjh gksxh] ftuesa ,d gSaµegku vfHkusrk o funsZ'kd 'kaHkq fe=k vkSj nwljs
guµaS kVddkj] fun'Zs kd o vfHkurs k gchc ruohjA bu nkus kas us Øe'k% u dos y ledkyhu ckXa yk o
fganh jaxeap dks le`) fd;k gS] cfYd Hkkjrh; jaxeap ij Hkh viuh mifLFkfr ntZ djk;h vkSj Hkkjrh;
jax esa jph&clh vfHku; 'kSyh esa ledkyhu jaxeap ds fy, u;k ekWMy Hkh is'k fd;kA

^bIVk* ds lkFk 'kaHkq fe=k dk tqM+ko uokUu ukVd dh izLrqfr ds lkFk gqvk] ftlesa fctu Hkêkpk;Z
ds lkFk 'kaHkq fe=k Hkh Hkkjrh; jaxeap ds bfrgkl esa ehy dk iRFkj ekus tkus okys bl ukVd ds funsZ'kd
FksA uokUu dks feyh vlk/kkj.k lQyrk ds ihNs 'kaHkq fe=k dk cgqr cM+k ;ksxnku FkkA ^bIVk* ds
'kq#vkrh LraHkksa esa ls ,d uokUu ds ukVddkj fctu Hkêkpk;Z dh izfrc)rk ds 'kaHkq fe=k d+k;y
Fks vkSj bls mUgksaus fuladksp Lohdkj fd;k gS tSlk fd lqifjfpr ukV~;&eeZK HkkjrjRu HkkxZo us fy[kk
gS% ^,d futh vkSj varjax ckrphr ds nkSjku 'kaHkq nk us eq>s crk;k fd os fctu Hkêkpk;Z dh
vfHku;{kerk vkSj pfj=k ds dykRed laizs"k.k ls ftrus vf/kd izHkkfor Fks] mrus gh bl rF; ls
fd jaxdeZ dh lkFkZdrk dk fud"k mldh lkekftd izfrc)rk gh gS*---¼jaxgchc] i`- 190½A

tkfgj gS 'kaHkq fe=k us lkekftd izfrc)rk dks vius ukVdksa esa thou&ewY; dh rjg Lohdkj fd;k
Fkk vkSj 'kk;n ;g izsj.kk fdlh u fdlh :i esa mUgsa ^bIVk* ls t+:j feyh gksxh] lkFk gh bl nkSjku
mUgsa ukVd o jaxeap ls tqM+h cqfu;knh leL;kvksa vkSj mlds Hkfo"; dks tkuus&le>us rFkk viuh

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 145

ukV~;& n`f"V fodflr djus esa vo'; gh enn feyh gksxhA
gkykafd FkksM+s le; ckn gh 'kaHkq fe=k ^bIVk* ls vyx gks x;s vkSj viuh ukV~;&eaMyh ^cgq:ih*

dk xBu fd;kA xks] 'kaHkq fe=k ds ^bIVk* ls vyx gksus ds dbZ futh o jktuhfrd dkj.k gks ldrs
gSa] ;g vyx cgl dk eqík gSA ysfdu ^cgq:ih* lesr xzqi fFk;sVj vkanksyu dk mRl dgha u dgha
^bIVk* }kjk 'kq: fd;s x;s tu&ukV~;&vkanksyu esa ryk'kk tk ldrk gSA tSlk fd ckaXyk ukVd o
jaxeap dks d+jhc ls ns[kus&le>us okys fdj.ke; jkgk us bl rF; dks bu 'kCnksa esa O;ä fd;k gS%
^---vf/kd egRoiw.kZ rks ;g gS fd mUgksaus¼'kaHkq fe=k½ izR;{kr% ;g tkuk fd ckaXyk jaxeap esa D;k nks"k
FkkA ^bIVk* esa O;rhr fd;s x;s o"kks± esa mUgsa ukV~;&vkanksyu dh laHkkoukvksa vkSj lhekvksa dks le>us
dk ,slk gh volj feyk---¼ckaXyk jaxeap] i`- 132½A

t+kfgj gS ^bIVk* ds lkFk tqM+dj 'kaHkq fe=k us tks vuqHko gkfly fd;k] ^cgq:ih* ds ek/;e ls
ml vuqHko dk l`tukRed bLrseky dj ckaXyk jaxeap ds {ks=k esa ,d u;k bfrgkl gh jp fn;kA
^bIVk* dh LFkkiuk ,d fe'ku ds rgr gqbZ Fkh] LokHkkfod gS bl cSuj ds rgr dh tkusokyh
ukV~;&izLrqfr;ksa dh 'kSyh] ukV~;&;qfDr;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk varoZLrq dk [+kkl egRo FkkA ;FkklaHko
lelkef;d fo"k;ksa dks ukV~;& eapu ds fy, T+;knk izkFkfedrk nh tkrh FkhA 'kaHkq fe=k us ,d ltx
funsZ'kd o jaxdehZ ds :i esa Lo;a dks 'kq: esa ik'pkR; Dykfld ukVdksa o ckn esa johanzukFk Bkdqj
ij dsfnzr fd;kA ledkyhu ckaXyk jaxeap esa ;g ,d u;k o pqukSrhiw.kZ iz;ksx FkkA bl lanHkZ esa
;g ;kn j[kuk gksxk fd lelkef;d jktuhfrd ukVd ugha gksus ds ckotwn 'kaHkq fe=k dh igpku
ftu fof'k"V ukVdkas ds dkj.k cuhpµ kgs o]s pkj v/;k;¼johanzukFk Bkdqj ds miU;kl dk ukV~;
:ikarj½] jDrdjch] vijkftrk] jktk¼johanzukFk Bkdqj½] iqrqy [kSyk] n'kpؼgsufjd bClu Ñr ,
MkWYl gkÅl vkjS ,u ,fueh vkWo n ihiqy½] jktk bZfMil gks ;k dksbZ vU; ukVdA Dykfld dk
ntkZ izkIr bu ukVdksa dh ewy laosnuk dks 'kaHkq fe=k us jaxeap ij bl rjg izLrqr fd;k fd os
ledkyhu gksus dk vglkl djkrs gSaA [+kkl dj fons'kh ukVdksa ds p;u ds ekeys esa Hkh 'kaHkq fe=k
csgn ltx Fks vkSj thouewY;ksa ls tqM+s mUgha ukVdksa dk mUgksaus eapu fd;k tks Hkkjrh; n'kZdksa ds
thouewY; ls esy j[krs FksA blfy, ^bIVk* ls vyx gksdj Hkh 'kaHkq fe=k ,d lPps vUos"kh dh rjg
vkthou mUgha lkaLÑfrd ewY;ksa dh ryk'k djrs jgs ftldh 'kq#vkr ^bIVk* us viuh tM+ksa ls tqM+us
dh igy ds rgr dh FkhA gka] ^bIVk* o 'kaHkq fe=k ds lksp esa ,d cqfu;knh Q+d+Z Li"V :i ls ns[kk
tk ldrk gSA ^bIVk* ukVd ds t+fj;s T+;knk ls T+;knk yksxksa ls tqM+uk pkgrk Fkk vkSj lkekftd
mFky&iqFky esa n'kZdksa dh lfØ; Hkwfedk dk fgek;rh Fkk] blds myV 'kaHkq fe=k xaHkhj n'kZdksa dh ryk'k
ds i{k/kj FksA LokHkkfod gS ,sls esa fo'kky n'kZdoxZ dh txg xaHkhj ukVdksa vkSj muesa fNih jaxeaph;
laHkkoukvksa dh ryk'k dks 'kaHkq fe=k us T+;knk ojh;rk nhA

ckaXyk gh ugha laiw.kZ Hkkjrh; jaxeap ds bfrgkl esa ,d egku funsZ'kd o jaxdehZ ds :i esa 'kaHkq
fe=k dk lcls ekSfyd vonku ;g gS fd fo'odfo ds :i esa fo[;kr johanzukFk Bkdqj dh
ukV~;&{kerk vkSj mudh vn~Hkqr ekSfyd ukV~;&n`f"V dk igyh ckj mUgksaus mn~?kkVu fd;k vkSj jaxeap
ij mls lkdkj dj fn[kk;kA 'kaHkq fe=k ds dkQ+h iwoZ johanzukFk Bkdqj ds dbZ ukVdksa ds eapu fd;s
tk pqds Fks] ysfdu ckaXyk jaxeap ij mldk dksbZ [k+kl vlj ns[kus dks ugha feyrk gSA ysfdu] 1954

146 / u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @

esa igyh ckj tc jDrdjch¼ykydusj½ dk ^cgq:ih* dh vksj ls 'kaHkq fe=k us eapu fd;k rks viuh
vlk/kkj.k funsZ'kdh; ifjdYiuk o csgrjhu jaxdehZ ds :i esa u dsoy caxky ds ukV~; ifjn`';]
caxky ds ckgj Hkh ^VªsaM lsVj* ds :i esa viuh igpku d+k;e dhA 'kaHkq fe=k dh ukV~;&n`f"V ij fopkj
djrs gq, ckaXyk lkfgR; ds xgjs tkudkj MkW- jke'kadj f}osnh dh fVIi.kh dkQ+h izklafxd gS% ^pkj
v/;k;] jDrdjch] foltZu] jktkjµ ohna uz kFk ds bu lc ukVdkas ds ek/;e ls mUgkuas s johna z ukV;~ ppkZ
dk izkjaHk fd;kA mÙkstuk dh vis{kk mn~cks/ku dh rjQ+ mudh ut+j vf/kd Fkh---'kaHkq fe=k us vius
fFk;sVj esa /kzqinh fet+kt ds lkFk dkO;&jpuk djuh pkgh gSA O;fDr vkSj lekt bu nks dh [khaprku
ds chp O;fDr euq"; esa gh lkekftd euq"; dks mUgksaus mBkdj j[k fn;kA* ¼dky ds niZ.k esa ckaXyk
eap vkSj ukVd] i`- 69½

;ksa] 'kaHkq fe=k us vusd ik'pkR; o Hkkjrh; ukVdksa dks u;h pqukSrh ds lkFk jaxeap ij lkdkj
fd;k vkSj vfHku; i)fr ds {ks=k esa u;s izfreku LFkkfir fd;s] ysfdu ckd+h ukVdksa dh ppkZ ;fn
NksM+ Hkh nh tk;s rks vdsys jDrdjch dh ukV~;&izLrqfr ds fy, mUgsa dHkh ugha Hkqyk;k tk ldrkA
johanzukFk Bkdqj Ñr jDrdjch njvly lkadsfrd :i esa ml vekuoh; lH;rk dk izfrdkj djrk
gS tks e'khuh lH;rk ds uke ij euq"; dh d#.kk vkSj laosnuk dks dqpy jgh gS vkSj ,d u;h
vekuoh; lH;rk dh t+ehu rS;kj djus dh dksf'k'k esa gSA johanzukFk Bkdqj us lekt ds lÙkk/kkjh oxZ
dh bl Øwj o vekuoh; ea'kk dks cgqr igys Hkkai fy;k FkkA ysfdu] dbZ n'kd ckn jDrdjch dh
ewy laosnuk dks igyh ckj 'kaHkq fe=k us idM+us dh dksf'k'k dh vkSj bl ukV~;&izLrqfr ds cgkus
johanzukFk Bkdqj dh fof'k"V ukV~;&'kSyh ;kuh dkO;kRedrk dks Hkkjrh; jaxeap ds ekWMy ds :i esa
is'k djus dh dksf'k'k dhA 'kaHkq fe=k us viuh jax;k=kk ds nkSjku ukV~;&eapu ds Øe esa jaxdeZ dh
xgjkbZ o vfHku; dh ckjhd+h ds lkFk dHkh le>kSrk ugha fd;kA t+kfgj gS bl Øe esa mUgksaus n'kZdoxZ
ds :i eas vketu dh fgLlns kjh dh ryq uk eas l/q kh tu dks T+;knk egRo fn;k;µ g mudh viuh le>
Fkh] tks cglryc eqík gks ldrk gSA ysfdu ^bIVk* us vius LFkkiuk dky esa gh turk }kjk fljts
x;s Js"B dyk:iksa dks gh turk ds chp ys tkus dh t+:jr ij cy fn;k FkkA blfy,] tgka rd
'kaHkq fe=k ds ukV~;deZ dh ckr gS dgha u dgha ^bIVk* ds dke dk gh ledkyhu fodkl ekuuk mfpr
gksxkA dkj.k fd ^bIVk* us tgka ls vkSj ftu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa tu&ukV~;&vkanksyu dh 'kq#vkr dh Fkh]
ckn ds fnukas eas opS kfjd o vU; nlw jh otgkas ls tks ykxs lxa Bu ls vyx gks x;mµs uds mí's ;i.w kZ
jaxeaph; vfHk;ku dks Hkh ^bIVk* ds fodkl o QSyko ds ifjizs{; esa gh ns[kk tkuk pkfg,] rHkh ge
bfrgkl ds lkFk U;k; dj ik;saxsA

gchc ruohj dh jax;k=kk ds lanHkZ esa ;g ,d fnypLi vkSj ,sfrgkfld rF; gS fd vius cacbZ
izokl ds nkSjku ^bIVk* ls tqM+us ds ckn mudh ukV~;&;k=kk dh 'kq#vkr ,d uqDdM+ ukVd] 'kkafrnwr
dkexkj ls gqbZ ftldk ys[ku&funsZ'ku mUgksaus gh fd;k FkkA bl uqDdM+ ukVd esa fo[;kr vfHkus=kh
t+ksgjk lgxy us Hkh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkk;h FkhA t+kfgj gS vius 'kq#vkrh nkSj ls gh gchc ruohj
ds fy, ukVd] dyk ;k ckSf)d foykl dh oLrq u gksdj] lkekftd m}syu ds nkSjku ,d t+:jh
vkSj gLr{ksidkjh dykek/;e ds :i esa FkkA blds i'pkr~ 1948 esa izsepan dh izfl) dgkuh] ^'krjat
ds f[kykM+h* dk 'krjat ds eksgjs uke ls gchc ruohj us ukV~;&:ikarj.k fd;k FkkA ^bIVk* dh bl
ukV~;& izLrqfr ls vius le; dh egku vfHkus=kh nhuk ikBd Hkh tqM+h gqbZ FkhaA dg ldrs gSa fd ;gha

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ls crkSj funsZ'kd gchc ruohj us ckd+k;nk vius eaph; ukV~;&thou dh 'kq#vkr dhA ^bIVk* ls
tqM+us vkSj mlds fØ;kdykiksa esa lfØ; fgLlsnkjh dk gchc ruohj dh jax;k=kk vkSj lksp ij xgjk
vlj iM+k] cfYd ;gha ls ukVd dh rkd+r vkSj tui{kh; jaxeap dh cqfu;knh le> muesa fodflr
gqbZ tks vkxs pydj mudh dHkh u [+kRe gksus okyh ukV~;&;k=kk esa fdlh u fdlh :i esa lacy Hkh
cuhA

^bIVk* ds lkFk fcrk;s {k.k o vuqHko dks gchc ruohj us bZekunkjh ls bu 'kCnksa esa Lohdkj fd;k
gS] ^cacbZ ds ^bIVk* dh mu fnuksa dh dqN ckrsa] ftuls esjk t+krh rkY+yqd Fkk] ftu pht+ksa dk eq> ij
x+kfycu vlj iM+k muds ckjs eas crkÅa igyAs vkiW js k gkÅl ds lkeus ,d gkyW g'µS kk;n nkekns j
gkWy] ogka vyx&vyx [kksfy;ksa esa ge cSBrs FksA vyx&vyx [kksfy;ksa esa vyx&vyx foaxA ejkBh
foax] fganh foax] rsyqxq foaxA ,d xqtjkrh foax Hkh FkkA ejkBh foax esa vej 'ks[+k FksA lh/ks xkao ls
vkdj bl vkanksyu ls tqM+s vUuk HkkÅ lkBs et+nwj rcd+s ds vkneh FksA cM+h mEnk dgkfu;ka fy[krs
FksA xko.kdj Hkh Fks] oks Hkh xkao ls tqM+s gq,A fQ+Yeksa ds tkus&ekus xhrdkj 'kSysanz mu fnuksa fganh foax
esa FksA xkrs Hkh Fks---vc vki lksfp,] dSls&dSls yksx Fks lkFkA i<+s&fy[ks ugha Fks ij xkao ls tqM+s FksA
mEnk dgkfu;ka fy[k ldrs FksA dYiuk fdlh dh cikSrh ugha gksrhA lkBs ds ikl VwVhQwVh Hkk"kk gksrh
FkhA cacbZ esa tks cksyh tkrh Fkh] mlh tqcku esa fy[krk FkkA ij cM+h mEnk pht+ fy[krk FkkA ,d
u;kiu] ,d rh[kkiu gksrk Fkk mlesaA ml lcdk ;d+huu eq> ij vlj iM+rk FkkA tujy ckWMh dh
ehfVax esa ge lc yksx ,d lkFk cSBrs Fks] ,d lkFk feydj lksprs Fks ¼jaxgchc] i`- 35½A* bl
LohdkjksfDr ls bl ckr dk dqN gn rd [kqyklk gks tkrk gS fd gchc ruohj dk jax O;fDrRo x<+us
esa ^bIVk* dk egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku jgk gS vkSj 'kk;n cacbZ izokl ds nkSjku gh mudh ;g le> cuh ¼tks
vkxs pydj fodflr gqbZ½ fd lk/kkj.k dks Hkh vlk/kkj.k cukdj is'k fd;k tk ldrk gSA vkSj
vius ukV~; dWfj;j esa mUgksaus ckj& ckj bls lkfcr dj fn[kk;kA

dqN o"kks± rd cacbZ esa ukVd] flusek] i=kdkfjrk vkSj dfork djus ds ckn] gj dyk esa mLrkn
cuus ds ctk; gchc ruohj us ukVd dks dWfj;j ds :i esa viuk;k vkSj fnYyh dks viuk dk;Z{ks=k
cuk;kA gchc ruohj dk fnYyh izokl ,d rjg ls muds ukV~; thou dk Vfu±x IokbaV lkfcr gqvkA

1954 esa fnYyh esa tc igyh ckj gchc ruohj ds funsZ'ku esa] vkxjk ckt+kj dk eapu gqvk rks
blus Hkkjrh; jaxeap ds bfrgkl esa tSls ,d u;s ;qx dk lw=kikr gh dj fn;kA vius le; ds
izxfr'khy o izfrHkk'kkyh] ysfdu misf{kr 'kk;j ut+hj vdcjkcknh dh thouh o Ñfr dks ysdj rS;kj
fd;k x;k vkxjk ckt+kj dh ukV~;&izLrqfr vkt+knh ds ckn igyh ckj ukVd ds {ks=k esa ,d csfelky
izLrqfr cu x;hA ijaijk ls ,dne vyx gVdj LFkkuh; yksxksa] xzkeh.kksa vkSj tkfe;k fefy;k
bLykfe;k ds Nk=kksa dks ysdj ;g ukVd rS;kj fd;k x;kA bl ukVd dk eapu can izs{kkx`g ds ctk;
[kqyh txg esa fd;k x;kA ukVd csgn lQy jgkA ysfdu vkxjk ckt+kj esa gchc ruohj us ftl
rjg iwjs ukVd dk rkuk&ckuk cquk] og ,dne u;k vkSj vn~Hkqr FkkA cx+Sj fdlh dFkkud ds ,d
ddM+h cspus okys ds bnZ&fxnZ iwjs ukVd dk <kapk rS;kj fd;k x;k FkkA ukV~;&izn'kZu esa ,slh
mUeqDrrk Fkh fd iwjk ukV~;&ifjos'k n'kZdksa dks ,dne ifjfpr tSlk eglwl gqvk] dgha ls dqN
vkjksfir ;k t+cnZLrh Bwalk gqvk ughaA ukVd esa 'kq: ls var rd ut+hj vdcjkcknh dh uT+eksa dk
[kwclwjr <ax ls bLrseky fd;k x;k FkkA ukVd ds cgkus igyh ckj n'kZd ,d egRoiw.kZ] ysfdu

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misf{kr 'kk;j dh ys[kuh ds eeZ vkSj mldh rklhj ls :&c&: gq,A njvly bl ukVd ds ek/;e
ls gchc ruohj lPps /keZfujis{k ewY;ksa dks thus okys 'kk;j ds cgkus ukVd esa /keZfujis{k ewY;ksa dh
ryk'k Hkh djuk pkgrs FksA lqxfBr dFkkud ds cx+Sj Hkh ukVd [ksyk tk ldrk gS vkSj u;k izfreku
d+k;e fd;k tk ldrk gS] bl vlaHko dks gchc ruohj us igyh ckj laHko dj fn[kk;kA vkxjk
ckt+kj dh vHkwriwoZ lQyrk us fganh gh ugha] iwjs Hkkjrh; jaxeap ds ifjn`'; esa u;s fljs ls cgl
dh 'kq#vkr djok nhA bl ukV~;&izLrqfr ds egRo dks ukV~;eeZK HkkjrjRu HkkxZo us bu 'kCnksa esa
O;Dr fd;k gS] ^---vfHku; dh lgtrk vkSj vÑf=kerk] xhrksa vkSj u`R;ksa dh Hkafxekvksa ds }kjk vkxjk
ckt+kj ftl vuqHko dks laizsf"kr djrk Fkk] mls O;k[;kf;r djuk cgqr dfBu gS---* ¼jaxgchc] i-`
96½A dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd bl ukV~;&izLrqfr ds t+fj;s izpfyr ukV~;&;qfDr;ksa] eqgkojksa]
jxa Hkk"kklµ c dNq dks udkjrs g,q gchc ruohj us ipz fyr ;FkkFkoZ knh jxa epa ds <kpa s dks puq krS h nrs s
gq, vius jaxeap ds fy, ,slk yphyk <kapk rS;kj fd;k tks mudh igpku cuk vkSj vkxs pydj
u;k fFk;sVj ds lgh vFkks± esa u;k gksus dh lkFkZdrk fl) dhA

gchc ruohj ,d cspSu vkRek FksA dqN u;k vkSj lkFkZd djus dh ft+n dh otg ls ukVd o
jaxeap ds {ks=k esa mUgksaus cgqr dqN u;k jpk vkSj mls Hkkjrh;rk dh u;h igpku fnyk;hA bl lanHkZ
esa] feêh dh xkM+h dh ppkZ izklafxd gSA gchc ruohj us fganqLrkuh fFk;sVj ds cSuj ds rgr igyh
ckj tc 'kwnzd Ñr e`PNdfVde~ dk :ikarj feêh dh xkM+h dk yksd&ukV~; 'kSyh esa eapu fd;k rks
og ukV~;izLrqfr n'kZdksa ij dksbZ Nki NksM+us esa vlQy jghA ysfdu] ckn ds o"kks± esa mlh ukVd dks
tc mUgksaus u;k fFk;sVj ds cSuj esa NÙkhlx<+h cksyh esa LFkkuh; yksdukV~; dykdkjksa ds lkFk fd;k
rks og izLrqfr ,d vfoLej.kh; ukV~;izLrqfr cu x;hA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g fd gchc ruohj vius
dks dHkh nkgs jkrs ugha FkAs gj iLz rfq r eas t+:jr ds erq kfcd+ os dNq u dNq Qjs cny djrs Fkdµs Nq
pht+kas dks R;kxrs Fk]s dNq u;h ;fq Dr;kas dks viukrs Fkmµs udk ;g vUo"s k.k vkthou tkjh jgkA

gchc ruohj Hkkjrh; ukV~; ijaijk] fo'ks"kdj yksdukV~; ijaijk ls xgjs vFkZ esa tqM+s gq, FksA os
ijaijk ls thoujl xzg.k djrs gSa] ysfdu vius jaxfparu esa ikjaifjd ugha] ,dne vk/kqfud gSaA ijaijk
muds fy, ca/ku ugha] jaxdeZ dks u;k vk;ke nsus dk ek/;e gSA dHkh Hkh ijaijk dks mUgksaus tM+:i
esa xzg.k ugha fd;k] cfYd mlds izogeku :i dks gh idM+us dh dksf'k'k dhA Hkkjrh; jaxeap ds
{ks=k esa 'kk;n os vdsys ,sls O;fDr Fks tks ,d lkFk ukVddkj] funsZ'kd] laxhrdkj o vfHkusrk ds
:i esa leku :i ls lfØ; jgsA NÙkhlx<+ ds ^ukpk* o ^iaMokuh* dh yksdukV~; ijaijk ls ÅtkZ
xzg.k dj yxHkx ikap n'kd rd os jaxdeZ ds {ks=k esa lfØ; jgsA brus yacs le; rd jaxeap ij
lfØ; jgus vkSj Lo;a dks ckj ckj nksgjkus ls cpk;s j[kuk] ;g ,d vlk/kkj.k xq.k gSA dg ldrs
gSa fd gchc ruohj us jaxeap dks lk/k fy;k Fkk] ijaijk ds l`tukRed o izxfr'khy ewY;ksa dks vkRelkr
dj fy;k Fkk] blfy, mudh gj ukV~;izLrqfr yhd ls gVdj] u;h yhd cukrh ut+j vkrh gSA gchc
ruohj dk iwjk thou jaxeap ds fy, lefiZr Fkk vkSj ,d lPps vUos"kh dh rjg os Hkkjrh; ifjos'k
esa jaxeap ds ml ekWMy dh ryk'k djrs jgs tks T+;knk ls T+;knk n'kZdksa dks xzká gks lds vkSj os ukVd
ds lkFk rknkRE; LFkkfir dj ldsaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd fganh gh ugha] lewps Hkkjrh; jaxeap dks mudk
fdlh u fdlh :i esa _.kh gksuk pkfg, fd fo'o jaxeap ij Hkkjrh; jaxeap dh igpku d+k;e djus
esa mudk lokZf/kd ;ksxnku jgk gSA

u;k iFk v tuojh&twu ¼l;qaDrkd½% 2012 @/ 149