พจนานุกรมศัพท์เกษตร agricultural_dictionary

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 264

A shell 1. ‡√◊Õπ√Õ°*, ‡ª≈◊Õ°·¢ßÁ 2. °√–‡∑“– shingle, dimension ·ªÑπ‡°≈¥Á ‡Õ°√Ÿª, ·ªÑπ
‡°≈Á¥¢π“¥‡¥’¬«°—π*, °√–‡∫◊ÈÕ߉¡â¢π“¥
B ‡¡≈¥Á ‡¥’¬«°π— *

C shellac §√—Ë߇°≈¥Á * shingle bolt ‰¡â°âÕ¡*, ‰¡∑â àÕπ∑”·ªπÑ ‡°≈Á¥*
D shiplap ‰¡âΩ“∑—∫‡°≈Á¥, ‰¡∫â —ß„∫
E sheller ‡§√◊ËÕß°–‡∑“–‡¡≈¥Á (‡Õ“‡ª≈Õ◊ °ÕÕ°) shiplap board ‰¡Ωâ “∑—∫‡°≈¥Á , ‰¡∫â ß— „∫
shipping-dry ·ÀâßæÕ¢π àß
F sheller-dehusker ‡§√◊ËÕß©’°‡ª≈◊Õ°¢â“«‚æ¥ shipping tally ∫≠— ™’‰¡ â ßà ÕÕ°
G ÕÕ°®“°Ωí°·≈–°–‡∑“–‡¡≈Á¥ÕÕ°®“°´ß— shipping ton µ—π¢π ßà
shipworm ‡æ√’¬ßÀπÕπ, ‡æ√’¬ßÀÕ¬ (S.
H shell ginger ¢‘ßÀÕ¬ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Alpinia
teredo)
I nutans) shock load(ing) πÈ”Àπ—°°√–·∑°
shock resistance §«“¡µ“â π∑“π·√ß°√–·∑°
J shell membrane ‡¬ËÕ◊ ‡ª≈◊Õ° shoe 1. ª≈Õ°√¥— ‡ “√–¬“ß, ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß√ß—È  “¬√–¬“ß

K shell shake √Õ¬√â“«µ“¡«ßª¥ï â“π¢â“ß* (S. tree shoe) 2. ®“π√ÕßÀ«— ´ÿß, °√–∑ß
L √ÕßÀ—«´ÿß 3.  à«π¢ÕßÕÿª°√≥凵√’¬¡¥‘π
M shelly √Õ¬√“â «µ“¡«ßªï¥“â π¢“â ß* ´Ë÷߇§≈◊ËÕπ∑’ˉª„π¥‘π (‡™àπ ·ºàπ‚≈À–∑Ë’
µ‘¥Õ¬ªŸà ≈“¬¥â“π≈à“ߢÕ߉∂¥π‘ ¥“π À√◊Õ∑Ë’
N shelter belt ·π«°—π≈¡ ‡ªî¥√àÕ߇§√Ë◊ÕßÀ¬Õ¥‡¡≈Á¥)
O shelter chappice system √–∫∫µ—¥‰«√â ¡à ‡ªπì shoe, brake Ω°í ‡∫√§ (™‘πÈ ‚≈À–‚§ßâ ¡º’ ‘«Àπ“â
¢ÕߺⓇ∫√§Õ—¥µ‘¥Õ¬Ÿà „™â¥—π®“πÀâ“¡≈âÕ
P ·∂∫ „ÀâÀ¡πÿ ™â“≈ßÀ√◊ÕÀ¬¥ÿ À¡πÿ )
S-hook ª≈‘ß√ªŸ S* («π.)
Q shelter coppice system √–∫∫µ—¥„Àâ·µ°

R ÀπàÕ·∫∫‰«√â à¡

S shelterwood felling °“√µ—¥‰«â√à¡
T
U shelterwood strip system √–∫∫µ—¥‰«â√à¡

V ‡ªπì ·∂∫
W shelterwood system √–∫∫µ—¥‰«√â à¡

X sherbet ¢ÕßÀ«“π∑”®“°π”È º≈‰¡â·≈–π”È µ“≈

Y À√Õ◊ π”È °∫— π”È µ“≈ ‡µ¡‘  ’ °≈πË‘ ·≈–√  ·≈«â

Z 𔉪‡¢â“‡§√◊ËÕß∑”‰Õ»°√’¡ ®–‰¥â¢Õß∑Ë’¡’

≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ‡°≈¥Á πÈ”·¢ßÁ ‡≈Á°Ê shook ‰¡â∑”≈—ß, ‰¡â∑”À’∫, ‰¡â·ºàπ‡≈Á°∫“ß*

shield, termite ‚≈Àà °å π— ª≈«° ( ”À√—∫∑”≈—ß, À’∫ œ≈œ)

shield-budding °“√µ¥‘ µ“·∫∫‚≈Àà Àå √Õ◊ √ªŸ µ«— T shoot ÀπàÕ (µâπ‰¡â) Õ“®‡°‘¥®“° à«π∑Ë’Õ¬àŸ

shifting cultivation °“√∑”‰√à‡≈ËÕ◊ π≈Õ¬ „µâ¥‘π´÷ßË ‡√¬’ °«à“ sucker ‰¥â

shim 1. ·ºπà ª–´Õà ¡* 2. ‰¡â®¡’ * 3. ·ºàπ‰¡â shoot, coppice ÀπÕà ®“°µÕ

‡ ’¬È «*, ·ºπà ‰¡‡â  ¬’ §≈Õß* (S. shaving shoot, leading ¬Õ¥π”

board) shore ™“¬∑–‡≈

shin  à«π¢Õ߉∂À«— À¡∑Ÿ ’™Ë «à ¬·¬°¥π‘ „π·π«¥Ë‘ß shore column ‡ “ πÈ— *

shingle ·ªπÑ ‡°≈¥Á *, °√–‡∫Õ◊È ß‰¡*â (S. shake) shore cord §Õ√奠Èπ— *

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

265

shoreline ·π«™“¬∑–‡≈* shrinkage limit : SL ¢¥’ ®”°¥— °“√À¥µ«— A
B
shortening º≈µ‘ ¿≥— ±∑å Ë’‰¥®â “°°“√π”‰¢¡π—  µ— «å shrinkage ratio Õ—µ√“ à«π°“√À¥µ—«* C
D
(‚¥¬‡©æ“–À¡Ÿ) ¡“∑”„Àâ∫√‘ ÿ∑∏‘Ï ª√—∫„Àâ shrinking °“√À¥µ«— E
F
¡’§ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ‘µ“¡∑’˵âÕß°“√ À√◊Õ∑”®“° shrivel ‡À’¬Ë «, ¬àπ G
H
πÈ”¡—π∑’˺à“π°“√‡µ‘¡‰Œ‚¥√‡®π‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡’ shrub ‰¡âæÿà¡, ‰¡â‡πÈ◊Õ·¢Áß∑Ë’¡’æàÿ¡‡µÈ’¬ ·µ°°Ë‘ß I
J
Õߧåª√–°Õ∫§≈⓬πÈ”¡—πÀ¡Ÿ „™â„π°“√∑” ∫√‡‘ «≥‚§πµâπ‡ªπì ®”π«π¡“° K
L
¢π¡Õ∫„À√â «à π°√Õ∫ shrub, bush ‰¡æâ ÿà¡ M
N
short grain ‡ ¬’È π Èπ— *, ‡ ’¬È π‡ª√“–* shrubby althaea ™∫“®π’ (¥Ÿ rose of sharon) O
P
short millet À≠“â π° ™’ ¡æ,Ÿ À≠“â °Õ (¥Ÿ jungle shrub hare bell ¥Õ°ªï∫Ω√—Ëß [«™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ√âÕπ Q
R
rice) „π °≈ÿ Laurentia longiflora, (L.) Endl. S
T
shorts ‰¡â·ª√√ªŸ  È—π* À√Õ◊ Isotoma longiflora, Presl.] U
V
shortwood logging °“√∑”‰¡â∑àÕπ È—π* shrub verbena º°“°√Õß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Lan- W
X
(S. log-length logging) tana camara, L.) Y
Z
shot-hole borer ¡Õ¥≈°Ÿ ª√“¬* shudder °“√ —Ëπ –‡∑Õ◊ π* (S. judder)

shot-holes √≈Ÿ Ÿ°ª√“¬*, √Ÿ¡Õ¥ shuttering ‰¡·â ∫∫*

shoulder ‰À≈àº≈ Siam cardamon °√–«“π, °√–«“π¢“« (æ™◊

shoulder girdle °√–¥°Ÿ ∑Ë’∞“π§√’∫Õ° (ª¡.) „π °≈ÿ Amomum krervanh, Pierre)

shoulder process ‡°≈¥Á ∑∞’Ë “π§√’∫Õ° (ª¡.) Siamese sal ‡µÁß (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Shorea

shoulder scale ‡°≈Á¥∑Ë’∞“π§√’∫Õ° (ª¡.) obtura, Wall.)

shower of orchid vine æ«ßª√–¥‘…∞å (‰¡â sibbing º ¡√–À«à“߇§√◊Õ≠“µ‘ ‡ªìπ°“√º ¡

ª√–¥—∫„π °ÿ≈ Congea tomentosa, √–À«à“ßæ◊™∑Ë’¡’§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å°—π∑“ß

Roxb.) æ—π∏°ÿ √√¡

showy crotalaria ÀË‘ßÀ“¬ (¥Ÿ rattle pod) siblings (sibs) ≈Ÿ°∑‡Ë’ °‘¥®“°æàÕ·¡à‡¥’¬«°—π

shred ¢¥Ÿ , ©’°„À⇪ìπΩÕ¬ sibmating ¥Ÿ sibbing

shredder ‡§√◊ÕË ß©°’ µ¥— ·¬°µâπæ™◊ (‡™àπ ¢â“« sickle ‡§¬’ « ”À√—∫‡°Ë¬’ «¢â“«

‚æ¥ À≠â“Õ“À“√ —µ«å) „À⇪ìπ™‘Èπ‡≈Á°™È‘π sickle pod ™ÿ¡‡ÀÁ¥‰∑¬ [«—™æ◊™‡¢µ√Õâ π„π °≈ÿ

πÕâ ¬ Cassia tora, L. syn. Emelista tora

shrimp plant √“µ√’·¥ß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ (L.) Britton & Rose]

Beloroperone plumbaginifolia, Nees.) side 1. Àπ«à ¬∑”‰¡*â 2. Àπ“â * 3. ¥“â π¢â“ß*

shrink À¥, ‡À’ˬ«, ¬àπ (°Õ߉¡â)

shrinkage °“√À¥µ«— * side, slack ¥â“πÀ¬“∫ (‰¡∫â “ß)

shrinkage, basic °“√À¥µ«— ¡Ÿ≈∞“π* side, tight ¥â“π‡√’¬∫ (‰¡∫â “ß) (S. tight face)

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 266

A side axe ¢«“π∂“°* significance, test of °“√∑¥ Õ∫π—¬ ”§—≠*
silage À≠“â À¡°— , À≠“â À√Õ◊  «à π¢Õßæ™◊ ∑’ÀË ¡°—
B side board °√–¥“π¢â“ß*
À√Õ◊ ‡°∫Á ‰«â„π∑´Ë’ ß÷Ë ‰¡¡à Õ’ “°“»∂“à ¬‡∑ ”À√∫—
C side cut 1. ‰¡â‰¡àµ‘¥‰ â 2. °√–¥“π¢â“ß* ‡ªìπÕ“À“√ —µ«å (‚¥¬æ◊™¬—ßÕ¬Ÿà„π ¿“æ
D Õ«∫πÈ” ‡æË◊Õ„À∫â ¥‡§¬È’ «·≈–¬àÕ¬‰¥âßà“¬)
E (S. siding) silan §√“∫´‘≈‘°“â
siliceous ¡ ’ “√®”æ«°´‘≈°‘ ⓪πÕ¬àŸ
F side dressing 1. °“√„ àª¬Üÿ √Õ∫Ê À√Õ◊ ¢“â ß√àÕß siliceous earth ¥π‘ ‡∫“ (S. diatomaceous
G À√◊Õ√–À«à“ß·∂«æ◊™ 2. °“√·µàߢâ“ß* earth)
silicle º≈∑Ë’¡’≈°— …≥–§≈⓬°—∫ silique „πæ™◊
H (øíπ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬) («π.) µ√–°≈Ÿ Cruciferae ·µ¡à ¢’ π“¥ πÈ— ¡“° ¥“â π
°«â“߇°◊Õ∫‡∑à“¥â“𬓫
I side grafting °“√µÕà °Ëß‘ ·∫∫‡ ’¬∫¢â“ß silique º≈ª√–‡¿∑·Àßâ ·µ°‰¥â æ∫„πæ™◊ µ√–°≈Ÿ
Cruciferae ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬™àÕß«à“ß„π√—߉¢à
J side grain ¥“â πµ“¡‡ È¬’ π* (locule) 2 ™Õà ß ¡’ºπß— °πÈ— (septum) °È—π
µ√ß°≈“ßµ“¡§«“¡¬“«¢Õߺ≈ ‡«≈“·µ°
K side-line, to 1. ‡∫Ë’¬ß·π« 2. ≈“°‡¢â“·π« °≈’∫®–¬—ßÀÕâ ¬µ¥‘ Õ¬Ÿà
L silk cotton tree ß‘«È ∫“â π (¥Ÿ cotton tree)
M side lining °“√‡∫Ë’¬ß* (‡¢“â À√Õ◊ ÕÕ°®“°·π«) silk oak  πÕ‘π‡¥¬’ (µπâ ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Grivillea
robusta, A.Cunn)
N side-matching °“√®¥— ≈“¬ °“√‡√¬’ ßÀπâ“ À√Õ◊ silky ¡¢’ πÕàÕπª°§≈¡ÿ µ¥‘ Õ¬Ÿà°—∫º«‘
O °“√‡¢â“‰¡â·∫∫µÕà ¢“â ß* sill 1. æπ—ß·∑√°™—Èπ (ª∞.) 2. ‰¡âÀ¡Õπ,
‰¡∞â “π (S. skid, sleeper) («π.)
P side sprig ÀßÕπ°Ëß‘ (¢Õß —µ«ªå °ï ) sill, toxic ®ÿ¥‡ªìπæ‘… (¢Õß “√Õ“∫‰¡â)
silo ∑’‡Ë °∫Á À√Õ◊ ∂—ß(¢π“¥„À≠)à  ”À√∫— ‡°Á∫‡¡≈Á¥
Q siding 1. ‰¡âΩ“∑—∫‡°≈Á¥* 2. ‰¡â‰¡àµ‘¥‰ â æ™◊ , ∑‡Ë’ °Á∫À≠â“À¡°— , ∂—ß ”À√∫— À¡—°·≈–
‡°Á∫√°— …“À≠â“À¡°—
R 3. °√–¥“π¢“â ß*

S sieregem soils ¥‘π∑’Ë™—Èπ¢Õߥ‘π‡®√‘≠¥’·≈â«
T
U ¥‘π∫π¡’ ’π”È µ“≈ªπ‡∑“ ™È—π∑Ë’¡’ “√æ«°

V §“√å∫Õ‡πµ – ¡®–¡’ ’®“ß ™È—π≈à“ß¡—°
W ‡ªπì ¥π‘ ¥“π ‡°¥‘ „π·∂∫Õ∫Õπàÿ ®π∂ß÷ Àπ“«-

X ·Àßâ ·≈âß

Y sieve area æ◊πÈ ∑µ’Ë –·°√ß*

Z sieve cell ‡´≈≈åµ–·°√ß*

sieve elements æ«°‡´≈≈µå –·°√ß*

sieve pitting °“√‡√’¬ßµ—«À≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈å·∫∫

µ–·°√ß*

sieve plate ·ºàπµ–·°√ß* (æƒ.)

sieve tube ∑Õà µ–·°√ß*, À≈Õ¥µ–·°√ß (æƒ.)

sieve-tube elements ‡´≈≈Àå ≈Õ¥µ–·°√ß silo, tower ∂ß—  ”À√∫— À¡°— ·≈–‡°∫Á √°— …“ À≠“â

sieve-tube member Àπ«à ¬∑Õà µ–·°√ß*, ‡´≈≈å À¡—°∑ÕË’ ¬à∫Ÿ πº‘«¥π‘

À≈Õ¥µ–·°√ß silo, trench ∂ß—  ”À√∫— À¡°— ·≈–‡°∫Á √°— …“À≠“â

sieving °“√§¥— ¢π“¥¥«â ¬µ–·°√ß À¡—°∑Õ’Ë ¬àŸ„µºâ ‘«¥π‘

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

267

silt ∑√“¬·ªÑß, ¥‘πµ–°Õπ, ¥π‘ ´ß÷Ë ¡¢’ 𓥇 âπ simple leaf „∫‡¥Ë¬’ « A
B
º“à »πŸ ¬°å ≈“ߢÕ߇¡¥Á ¥π‘ 0.05-0.002 ¡¡. simple perforation ™àÕß∑–≈ÿª≈“¬‡´≈≈å C
silt-stone À‘π∑√“¬·ªÑß ‡¥’¬«* D
silty clay ¥‘π‡Àπ¬’ «ªπ∑√“¬·ªÑß E
Silve µ“√“ߪ√¡‘ “µ√‰¡´â ≈‘ ‡« simple pit À≈ÿ¡ºπß— ‡´≈≈åà·∫∫‰¡¡à ’¢Õ∫* F
silver bush °– —ß [«—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ simple pit-pair À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈姟à·∫∫‰¡à¡’ G
H
Peperomia pellucida, (L.) H.B.K.] ¢Õ∫* I
silver fern ‡øî√åπÀ‘√—≠ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Pteris simple race ¥Ÿ race, simple J
simple variety æ◊™∑¡Ë’ ’¬π’ µâ“π∑“π‚√§Õ¬πàŸ âÕ¬ K
quadriaurita, Retz. var. agentea, L
Bedd.) µ«— (æ∏.) M
silver figure ≈“¬‡≈Ë◊Õ¡* («π.) simply supported beam §“π™à«ß‡¥’¬«* N
silver grain ≈“¬‡≈Ë◊Õ¡* («π.) Singapore almond ÀŸ°«“ß (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ O
silver oak  πÕ‘π‡¥’¬ (¥Ÿ silk oak) P
silvery ¡≈’ —°…≥–¢“«‡ªìπ¡—π«∫— Terminalia catappa, L.) Q
silvics «™‘ “¡≈Ÿ ∞“π«π«≤— πå single 1. ‡¥’ˬ«, ‡™‘߇¥Ë’¬« 2. ¥‘π∑Ë’‡ªìπ‡¡Á¥ R
silvicultural systems √–∫∫«π«≤— πå S
silviculture «‘™“«π«—≤πå ‡¥¬’ «‚¥¥Ê (ª∞.) T
simple ‡¥’ˬ«, ‡™‘߇¥¬Ë’ « single-bladed axe ¢«“π§¡‡¥’¬« U
simple average ‡©≈¬Ë’  “¡≠— single comb ÀßÕπ®°— (¢Õ߉°à) V
simple bud µ“‡¥Ë¬’ «, µ“∑’ˇ®√‘≠‰ª‡ªìπ°Ëß‘ „∫ single cross ≈°Ÿ º ¡‡™ß‘ ‡¥¬’Ë « (¥Ÿ cross, single) W
À√◊Õ¥Õ° Õ¬“à ß„¥Õ¬à“ßÀπß÷Ë single fertilizer ªÿܬ‡™‘߇¥’ˬ« X
simple coppice system √–∫∫µ¥— „À·â µ°ÀπÕà single grain ·∫∫‡¡Á¥‡¥Ë’¬« Y
∏√√¡¥“ single seed descent «‘∏°’ “√ª√—∫ª√ßÿ æ—π∏æÿå ™◊ Z
simple epithelium ‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬ÕË◊ ∫ºÿ «‘ ™π¥‘ ™πÈ— ‡¥¬’ «
simple fruit º≈‡¥¬’Ë « (º≈∑‡’Ë °¥‘ ®“°¥Õ°∑’¡Ë ’ º ¡µ«— ‡Õß∑Ë’„™‡â ¡≈¥Á ‡æ¬’ ß 1-3 ‡¡≈¥Á ®“°
√ß— ‰¢à‡¥¬’Ë « Õ“®¡æ’ √Ÿ —߉¢à¡“°°«à“ 1 æ)Ÿ ·µ≈à –µπâ ∑’ˉ¥√â ∫— °“√§¥— ‡≈Õ◊ ° ª≈°Ÿ µÕà Ê °π—
simple layering °“√∑—∫°Ë‘ß·∫∫ßà“¬Ê „™â°—∫ ‰ª®π°«“à ®–‡¢“â ∂ß÷ homozygosity
µâπ‰¡∑â ‡’Ë ªπì æÿ¡à ‚¥¬‚πâ¡°Ë‘ß≈߉ª„π¥π‘ ‡Õ“ sink √Õ¬∫“°≈“à ß*, √Õ¬∫“°Àπâ“* («π.)
¥‘π∑—∫°‘Ë߉«â„Àâ à«πª≈“¬‚º≈à‡Àπ◊Õ¥‘π sinker ‰¡®â ¡π”È
∫√‘‡«≥ à«π„µâ¢Õß°Ë‘ß∑Ë’®¡¥‘π„™â¡’¥∫“°„Àâ sink hole À≈¡ÿ ¬∫ÿ * (¥Ÿ swallow hole)
‡ªπì √Õ¬‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰¥‘ √“°‡√«Á ¢πÈ÷ sinuate ¢Õ∫„∫∑’ˇ«“â ≈÷°‡ªπì ≈°Ÿ §≈Ë◊π
sinus √Õ¬‡«“â À√Õ◊ √Õ¬∫ãÿ¡∫π„∫À√Õ◊ º≈
sire æàÕæπ— ∏ÿå ( µ— «)åà
siris ®“¡®ÿ√’ (¥Ÿ raintree)
siris, black ∂àÕπ (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Albizzia
odoratissima, Benth.)

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 268

A siris, white ∑Èß‘ ∂Õà π (µâπ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ Albizzia ·µàµâπ
skid 1. ‰¡â‚°≈π*, ‰¡â≈Ÿ°√–π“¥*, ‰¡â∞“π*
B procera, Benth.)
2. ™°— ≈“°‰¡â* (S. yard) 3. ‡≈Ë◊Õπ∑’Ë„™â
C sirloin ‡πÕÈ◊  π— , ‡πÕÈ◊ ∑ÕË’ ¬∫àŸ √‡‘ «≥‚§π°√–¥°Ÿ  π— ∫√√∑°ÿ ·≈–≈”‡≈¬’ ß«— ¥ÿ 4. °“√‡≈ÕË◊ π‰∂≈
D ¢Õß≈Õâ ¢—∫
E À≈—ß∑ß—È ¥â“ππÕ°·≈–¥â“π„π skid, fender À≈—°°π— ´ßÿ *
skid, ground ™°— ≈“°µ“¡æÈπ◊ ¥‘π*
F sisal ªÉ“π»√π“√“¬≥å (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Agave skid, hand ™—°≈“°¥«â ¬·√ߧπ*
G sisalanla, Perri.) skidder §π™°— ≈“°‰¡*â , ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß®°— √™°— ≈“°‰¡*â ,
√∂™—°≈“°‰¡*â
H sisal hemp 1. »√π“√“¬≥å (¥Ÿ sisal) 2. skidder, cableway ‡§√Ë◊Õß®—°√™—°≈“°¥â«¬
 “¬‡§‡∫‘≈*
I  —∫ª–√¥‡∑» (Agave americana, L.) skidder, ground ‡§√◊ËÕß®—°√™—°≈“°µ“¡æ◊Èπ
¥‘π*
J sister lines ¥Ÿ lines, sister skidder, line  “¬≈“°*
skidding dog À¡ÿ¥¢Õ≈“°´ÿß*
K site ∂‘πË ∑µË’ —ßÈ skidding hook ¢Õ®—∫´ßÿ * (S. grabs)
L skidding line  “¬≈“°*
M site class ™π—È ∂πË‘ ∑µË’ —Èß (¢Õß∂π‘Ë π‡‘ «»π)å skidding pan ®“π√ÕßÀ«— ´ßÿ * (S. dish, pan,
shoe, snigging pan)
N site index ¥™— π’∂π‘Ë ∑µË’ Èß— skid(ding) road ∑“ß™°— ≈“°√«¡À¡Õπ*, ∑“ß
O site map ·ºπ∑’∂Ë π‘Ë ∑µ’Ë Èß— ∑Õ¥‚°≈π* (S. skipper road, travois
road)
P site quality ™È—π§≥ÿ ¿“æ∂Ëπ‘ ∑’˵—Èß

Q site type ™π¥‘ ∂π‘Ë ∑’˵ߗÈ

R siva π°»«‘ – (π°„π °≈ÿ Minla sp.)

S siwash ≈“°‡¢â“·π«, ‡∫¬Ë’ ß* (‡¢“â ·π«)
T
U size : sizing 1.  “√Õÿ¥º«‘ * 2.  “√°π— ´¡÷ *

V size, exploitable ¢π“¥µ—¥øíπ
W size, norminal ¢π“¥¡“µ√∞“π*, ¢π“¥√–∫*ÿ

X size guide number : SGN µ—«‡≈¢™’È¢π“¥,

Y µ—«‡≈¢∑’Ë· ¥ß∂÷ß§à“¡—∏¬∞“π (median)

Z ¢Õß¢π“¥‡¡¥Á ª¬Üÿ

size tolerance ‡°≥±§å ≈“¥‡§≈ÕË◊ π¢Õß¢π“¥ skidding tongs §’¡®∫— ´ßÿ *

(‡¡¥Á ª¬Üÿ ) skidway ∑’Ë¢÷πÈ ≈ß´ÿß*

short-day plant ¥Ÿ photoperiodism skidway, hot ∑¢Ë’ π÷È ≈ß´ÿß™—Ë«§√“«*

skeleton soil ¥π‘ ªπ°√«¥ skinning °“√∂≈°Àπß—

skeletal substance  “√‚§√ß√“à ß* skipper road ∑“ß∑Õ¥‚°≈π*, ∑“ß∑Õ¥‚°≈π

skeletan §√“∫∑√“¬·ªßÑ §¥°√‘™*

skeleton grain ‡¡¥Á ·√àÀ¬“∫ skips-in-dressing  «à π∑’Ë„∫¡’¥‰¡°à ‘π*

skeletonization °“√∑”„À‡â À≈Õ◊ ·µ‚à §√ß skips-in-planning  à«π∑Ë’„∫¡¥’ ‰¡à°π‘ *

skeletonizer ·¡≈ß´÷Ëß°‘π„∫æ◊™‡ ’¬®π‡À≈◊Õ skips-in-surfacing  à«π∑’Ë„∫¡’¥‰¡à°π‘ *

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

269

sky flower ™Õà Õ‘π∑π‘≈,  √Õâ ¬Õπ‘ ∑π≈‘ (æ◊™„π ‡º“* A
B
 °≈ÿ Thunbergia grandiflora, Roxb.) slash disposal, progressive burning °“√ C
D
sky hook √∂™—°≈“°≈Õ¬ø“Ñ * ‡º“‚À¡* E
sky line  “¬À≈°— ≈Õ¬øÑ“* slash disposal, pulling tops °“√≈“° à«π F
skyline (cable) logging °“√™°— ≈“°≈Õ¬øÑ“* G
skyline carriage √Õ°‡≈Ë◊Õπ≈Õ¬ø“Ñ * (S. bi- ¬Õ¥ÕÕ°* H
slash disposal, spot burning °“√‡º“‡ªπì I
J
cycle, bugsy) À¬Õà ¡* K
L
slab ªï°‰¡â*, ‡ª¥î ªï°* slash disposal, strip burning °“√‡º“‡ªπì M
N
slab saw ‡≈◊ÕË ¬´Õ¬* ·π«* O
slacker ‡§√ÕË◊ ß®°— √™°— ≈“°·∫∫ “¬À≈°— À¬Õà π* slasher 1. æ√“⠢եⓡ¬“«* 2. ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬™ÿ¥µ—¥ P
slack face ¥“â πÀ¬“∫ (‰¡â∫“ß) Q
slack line  “¬≈“°À¬àÕπ*, ·∫∫ “¬À≈—° ‡»…‰¡â* R
slash grain ∑’ˇ≈ËÕ◊ ¬µ—¥√»— ¡*’ , ∑’ˇ≈Ë◊Õ¬·∫∫ S
T
À¬àÕπ À≈ß— À¡Ÿ* U
V
slack shook ‰¡â∑”≈ß— * slashing ªÉ“√°‡»…‰¡*â W
X
slack side ¥â“πÀ¬“∫ (‰¡â∫“ß) slash sawn ∑ˇ’ ≈◊ÕË ¬µ—¥√»— ¡’*, ∑ˇ’ ≈◊ËÕ¬·∫∫ Y
slaked lime ªŸπ¢“«, ªŸπ °ÿ ∑Ëæ’ √¡¥â«¬πÈ”·≈â« À≈—ßÀ¡*Ÿ Z

[¡’ Ca(OH) ‡ªπì Õߧåª√–°Õ∫À≈—°] slat ‰¡´â Ë’*
2 slat, pencil ‰¡â´¥Ë’ ‘π Õ*
slate Àπ‘ ™–π«π
slant ‡Õ’¬ß, §«“¡‡Õ’¬ß
slanted screen µ–·°√߇լ’ ß∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥

‡¡≈Á¥∏—≠æ◊™„π‡§√Ë◊Õßπ«¥À√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß slat saw ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ®‘«Î *

‡°Ë’¬«π«¥ slaughter ¶à“ µ— «,å °“√¶“à  µ— «,å ‚√ß¶à“ µ— «å
slash 1. √Õ¬∂“°* (S. blaze) 2. °“√‡≈◊ËÕ¬ slaughter house ‚√߶“à  —µ«å
sled(ge) ‡≈◊ËÕπ∑Ë’‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑’Ë‚¥¬„™â‰¡âÀ√◊Õ‚≈À–
µ—¥√—»¡*’ 3. ‡»…‰¡ªâ ≈“¬‰¡*â („π°“√∑”
‰¡,â ∂“ߪ“É ) (S. brash, lapwood) 4. Àπ“â ·∑π≈âÕ „™ â µ— «å≈“°‰ª∫πÀ¡‘ –À√◊Õ‡≈π
‡¢¬’ ß sled(ge), bale ‡≈◊ËÕπ≈“°øÕÉ πÀ≠“â ø“ß

slash disposal °“√°”®—¥‡»…‰¡âª≈“¬‰¡â* sled(ge), double ‡≈ËÕ◊ πæà«ß§à*Ÿ

slash disposal, broadcast burning °“√‡º“ sled(ge), log ‡≈ËÕ◊ π≈“°´ÿß*
„π∫√‡‘ «≥°«â“ß* sled(ge) hammer ¶âÕπ¢π“¥„À≠∑à ”¥â«¬À‘π

slash disposal, live burning °“√‡º“ ¥* À√Õ◊ ‡À≈°Á
slash disposal, lopping and scattering °“√ sleeper ‰¡Àâ ¡Õπ, ‰¡Àâ ¡Õπ√∂‰ø*, ‰¡∞â “π*
sleeper, crossing ‰¡âÀ¡Õπª√–·®*
µ—¥·≈–‡°≈¬’Ë *

slash disposal, piling and burning °“√ ÿ¡ sleeper, half-round ‰¡Àâ ¡Õπ´’°*

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 270

A sleepy Õ“°“√∑Ë¥’ Õ°‰¡Àâ ÿ∫À√◊Õ‡©“°Õà π°”Àπ¥ slipper spurge · ¬° (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈
Pedilanthus tithymaloides, Poit.)
B sleepy wood ‰¡âÕ∫‡°π‘ °”Àπ¥*
slip-tongue cart ≈âÕ≈“°‰¡*â
C slender amaranth º°— ‚¢¡À«“π («™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ sloop ‡≈◊ËÕπ ≈ªŸ *, ‡≈◊ÕË π∫√√∑°ÿ ´ÿß π—È *, ≈“°

D √âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ Amaranthus viridis) ¥«â ¬‡≈Ë◊Õπ ≈ªŸ *
E slope ∑’Ë≈“¥‡Õ¬’ ß, §«“¡≈“¥™—π
F slew ¡ÿ¡ à“¬* (S. swing) slope of grain §«“¡≈“¥¢Õ߇ ¬È’ π*
slope of stack §«“¡≈“¥¢Õß°Õ߉¡*â
G slicer ‡§√Ë◊Õß·≈à slope complex  ¿“ææπÈ◊ ∑Ë≈’ “¥™π— ‡™‘ß´Õâ π
H slice veneer ‰¡∫â “ßΩ“π* slope complex land æ◊Èπ∑Ë≈’ “¥™—π‡™‘ß´âÕπ
I slickenside : slickenslide √Õ¬∂‰Ÿ ∂, √Õ¬‰∂≈ sloven √Õ¬‚§πà ‡ªìπ‡ ¬’È π*
slow loris ≈‘ß≈¡, π“ßÕ“¬ ( —µ«å„π °ÿ≈
J slicker ‡§√Ë◊ÕߢŸ¥Àπ—ß„Àâ‡√’¬∫, ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ
Nycticebus coucang)
K  ”À√—∫µ—¥«—™æ◊™™π‘¥ÀπË÷ß  “¡“√∂µ—¥„Àâ sludge µ–°Õπ, ®≈ÿ π‘ ∑√’¬∑å µ’Ë °µ–°ÕπÀ≈ß— ®“°

L ™‘¥°∫— º«‘ ¥‘π‰¥â ºà“π°√–∫«π°“√°”®¥— π”È ‡ ¬’
sludge acid °√¥¡’µ–°Õπ
M slide 1. √“ߪ≈àÕ¬‰¡*â (S. chute) 2.  «à π∑Ë’ slurry ¢Õ߇À≈«¢πâ
small clear specimen ‰¡âµ—«Õ¬à“߇≈Á°
N ‡≈◊ÕË π‰ª¡“‰¥¢â Õ߇§√Õ◊Ë ß®°— √°≈ 3. ‡≈ÕË◊ π
O ª√“»®“°µ”Àπ*‘
P ‰ª smallwood ‰¡â‡≈Á°* (S. topwood)
Q slide matching °“√‡√¬’ ßÀπâ“·∫∫µÕà ¢â“ß* smoke, legitimate §«“¡Àπ“·πàπ¢Õߧ«—π∑Ë’

R sliding plate ·ºàπ«— ¥∑ÿ ’ˇ≈Õ◊Ë π‰ª¡“‰¥â °ÆÀ¡“¬¬Õ¡„À⇰¥‘ ¡’‰¥â
S slightly acid ‡ªìπ°√¥‡≈°Á πâÕ¬ (pH 6.1-6.5) smoke candle ‡∑¬’ 𧫗π
smoke chaser §π¥—∫‰ø
T slightly screened area æπÈ◊ ∑´Ë’ ß÷Ë ¡Õ߇ÀπÁ ‰¥â‰¡à

U ™¥—

V slime  “√´ß÷Ë ¡’≈°— …≥–‡À𒬫 ª√°µª‘ √–°Õ∫

W ¥â«¬‚ª√µπ’ æ∫µ“¡√Ÿ∑Õà π”È ∑Õà Õ“À“√

X slime mold : slime mould √“‡¡◊Õ°
Y sling punt ‡√◊Õ∑àÿπ*
Z slip 1. µ–‡°’¬ß, ÀπàÕ∑’ˇ®√‘≠¡“®“° à«π∞“π

¢Õß≈”µâπ À√◊Õ‡°‘¥√–À«à“ßßà“¡„∫ (¥Ÿ smoke damage §«“¡‡ ¬’ À“¬®“°§«π—

crown) 2. °“√≈πË◊ ‰∂≈ smoke haze À¡Õ°§«—π

slip, crown ÀπÕà ∑’‡Ë °‘¥µ√ß∞“π¢Õßµ–‡°’¬ß smoke-jumper æ≈√¡à ¥—∫‰ø

slipe ‡≈ÕË◊ π‰¡ßâ “à ¡*, ≈“°¥â«¬‡≈◊ÕË π* smoke kiln ‡µ“Õ∫·∫∫√¡§«π— *

slip matching °“√‡√¬’ ßÀπ“â ·∫∫µÕà ¢“â ß smooth º‘«‡√¬’ ∫‰¡à¢√¢ÿ √–À√◊Õ¡’¢π

slip nose À«— º“≈‰∂À—«À¡Ÿ (∂Õ¥ÕÕ°‰¥)â smooth rattle pod ÀËß‘ À“¬ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π

slippage °“√≈πË◊ ‰∂≈  °≈ÿ Crotalaria striata, DC.)

slipper plant · ¬° (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Pedilanthus smooth-slik cotton tree ß«‘È ª“É (µπâ ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ

tithymaloides, Poit.) Salmalia insignis, Schott & Endl.)

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

271

smudging °“√√¡§«—π, °“√ ÿ¡‰ø„À‡â °‘¥§«—π snubber 1. ‡§√ÕË◊ ßµßã * 2. ‡§√Õ◊Ë ßºÕà 𧫓¡‡√«Á * A
B
snace wood µà¡ÿ °“·¥ß (¥Ÿ nux-vomica tree) soap nut tree ¡–§”¥’§«“¬ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ C
D
snag 1. ‰¡â¬◊𵓬*, ‰¡âµ“¬¢Õπ* 2. ¢Õπ Sapindus rarak, A. DC.) E
F
À√◊ÕµÕ‰¡â„µâπÈ”, ‰¡â„µπâ ”È * 3. Àπ‘ °Ë‘ß‰¡â soap stone Àπ‘  ∫àŸ G
H
√“°‰¡â ∑¬Ë’ Ëπ◊ ÕÕ°¡“·À≈¡ 4. °ß‘Ë À°— §“µπâ , soboliferous ¡’ÀπàÕÀ√◊Õ¬Õ¥‚º≈àÕÕ°¡“®“° I
J
°‘Ëߥ«â π*  à«π∑’ÕË ¬Ÿà„µ¥â ‘π K
L
snagging 1. °“√‡°≈“* 2. °“√¢®—¥‰¡â„µπâ È”* socies  ß— §¡æ◊™µ“¡¬§ÿ (π«.) M
N
snake 1. √Õ¬‡≈◊ËÕ¬‡ªπì §≈π◊Ë * 2. √Õ¬§≈πË◊ „π society  —ߧ¡æ◊™ (π«.) O
P
‰¡µâ ¥— * 3. ™—°≈“°µ“¡æÈ◊π¥π‘ * socket wedge ≈¡‘Ë ´Õß* Q
R
snake gourd ∫«∫ߟ (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Trichosanthes sod  π“¡À≠“â , ∑ßàÿ À≠“â ∑∂Ë’ °Ÿ ‰∂, æ√¡À≠“â , ¥π‘ S
T
anguina, L.) ¢ÈÀ’ ≠â“ U
V
snake plant 1. ªÉ“πÀ“ß®√‡¢â (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ soda pulp ‡¬ÕË◊ ‚´¥“* W
X
Sansevieria thyrsiflora, Thumb.) 2. sodding °“√ª≈°Ÿ æ√¡À≠“â Y
Z
«à“π≈È‘π¡—ß°√ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Sansevieria sodication ¢∫«π°“√‡°‘¥¥π‘ sodiac

trifasciata, Prain) sod-mulch system °“√‡¢µ°√√¡∑Ë’µ—¥«—™æ◊™

snapdragon ≈È‘π¡ß— °√ (‰¡¥â Õ°„π °ÿ≈ Antir- §≈¡ÿ ‰«∫â π¥π‘

rhinum majus, L.) softboard ·ºàπ„¬‰¡Õâ —¥ÕÕà π*

snape : snipe ≈“¥À—«´ßÿ * soft dorsal §√∫’ À≈—ßÕπ— ÕàÕπ (ª¡.)

snatch block √Õ°‡ª¥î ¢â“ß* soft-dough stage √–¬–∑’ˇ¡≈Á¥¢â“«‚æ¥æâπ

sned ≈‘¥°‘Ëß* ®“°√–¬–πÈ”π¡¡“·≈â« ¢Õ߇À≈«„π‡¡≈Á¥

snedding °“√√Õπ°ß‘Ë ®–¢âπ‡ªìπ·ªÑ߇À≈«

snig ™°— ≈“°µ“¡æ◊Èπ¥π‘ * softener ‡§√◊ÕË ß°”®—¥§«“¡°√–¥â“ߢÕßπÈ”

snigging pan ®“π√ÕßÀ«— ´ßÿ * soft heart ‰ âø°í * (S. spongy heart)

snout 1. ®ßÕ¬ª“°, ®¡Ÿ° ÿ°√ 2. ≈“¥À—«´ÿß* soft phosphate À‘πøÕ ‡øµªπ‚§≈π (‡°‘¥

snow blight ‚√§µ“¬·Àßâ À¡‘ – ®“°°“√™–≈â“ß ‘Ë߇®◊Õªπ„πÀ‘πøÕ ‡øµ

snow-break ·π«°—πÀ¡‘ –, °“√À°— ‡æ√“–À‘¡– ¥â«¬π”È Õπÿ¿“§øÕ ‡øµ∫“ß à«π®–‰À≈

snow mould √“À¡‘ – ªπ‰ª°—∫πÈ” ‡¡◊ËÕµ°µ–°Õπ·≈–¡’°“√

snow on the mountain ‡¢¬µ“¬ (æ◊™„π °≈ÿ  – ¡¡“°¢÷Èπ°Á¡’°“√≈Õ°µ–°Õπ¢÷Èπ¡“

Euphorbia heterophylla, L.) µ–°Õπ·Àâß∑Ë’‰¥â¡’øÕ øÕ√— Õ¬àŸ„𧫓¡

snowy orchid tree °“À≈ß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ ‡¢â¡¢âπµ”Ë „™â ”À√—∫„ à„π·ª≈ߪ≈Ÿ°æ◊™

Bauhinia accuminata, L.) ‚¥¬µ√ß ‰¡à “¡“√∂𔉪º≈µ‘ ‡ªπì ªÜ¬ÿ ‰¥â)

snub 1. µãß* 2. ºÕà 𧫓¡‡√Á«* soft-rayed ´ËÕ’ Õà π (ª¡.)

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 272

A soft rot °“√ºÕÿ Õà π* soil, sour ¥π‘ ‡ª√Ȭ’ «, ¥‘π°√¥
soil, top ¥‘π™—πÈ ∫π
B soft tissue ‡πÕ◊È ‡¬ÕË◊ ÕÕà π* (S. storage tis- soil, virgin ¥π‘ ∑Ë’¬—߉¡‡à §¬∑”°“√‡æ“–ª≈Ÿ°
soil acidifier  “√‡æ¡‘Ë °√¥„π¥‘π („™·â °â‰¢¥‘π
C sue)
D ¥“à ß)
E softwood ‰¡â‡πÈ◊ÕÕÕà π, ‰¡®â ”æ«° π* soil aeration °“√∂à“¬‡∑Õ“°“»„π¥π‘
soil aggregate °âÕπ¥‘π
F softwood cutting °ß‘Ë ™”ÕàÕπ soil alkalinity §«“¡‡ªìπ¥à“ߢÕߥ‘π,  ¿“æ
G soil, acid ¥‘π°√¥, ¥‘π‡ª√’¬È «
¥“à ߢÕߥ‘π
H soil, aeolian ¥π‘ ≈¡ÀÕ∫ soil amendment « — ¥ªÿ √—∫ª√ÿߥ‘π
soil association (Àπ૬) ¥‘π ¡— æ—π∏å, (Àπ«à ¬
I soil, alkali : soil, alkaline ¥π‘ ¥“à ß
¢Õß·ºπ∑¥’Ë π‘ ´ßË÷ ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬¥π‘ Õ¬“à ßπÕâ ¬
J soil, alluvial ¥‘πµ–°Õπ 2 ™π‘¥ ‡°‘¥¢È÷π„π¿Ÿ¡‘ª√–‡∑»∑’˵‘¥µàÕ°—π
„π°“√∑”·ºπ∑’Ë ‰¡à “¡“√∂·¬°¢Õ∫‡¢µ
K soil, arable ¥π‘ ∑‡’Ë À¡“–°—∫°“√‡¢µ°√√¡ ¢Õß¥π‘ ·µ≈à –™π¥‘ ÕÕ°®“°°π— ‰¥â ‡πÕË◊ ß®“°
L ¡“µ√“ à«π‰¡àÕ”π«¬ ®÷ß√«¡¥‘π‡À≈à“πÈ’‰«â
M soil, black cotton ¥π‘ ‡À𒬫¥” „πÀπ૬‡¥¬’ «°π— )
soil auger  «“à π‡®“–¥‘π
N soil, brown forest ¥‘πª“É  π’ È”µ“≈ soil biochemistry ™«’ ‡§¡¥’ ‘π
O soil, calcareous ¥π‘ ªπŸ soil borer  «à“π‡®“–¥π‘
soil-borne µ‘¥¡“°—∫¥‘π, ·æ√°à √–®“¬∑“ߥ‘π
P soil, chestnut ¥‘π ’‡ß‘π soil building crop æ™◊ ∫”√ÿߥπ‘
soil capability map ·ºπ∑ ’Ë ¡√√∂π–∑Ë¥’ ‘π
Q soil, colluvial ¥‘π°¥— ™–

R soil, degraded ¥‘π‡ ◊ÕË ¡

S soil, eluvial ¥‘π´“°, ¥π‘ ´¡÷ ™–
T
U soil, illuvial ¥π‘  – ¡, ¥‘π¡πŸ

V soil, immature ¥‘π‡°¥‘ „À¡à
W soil, mangrove forest ¥‘πª“É ™“¬‡≈π

X soil, mature ¥‘π‡®√‘≠‡µÁ¡µ—«

Y soil, muck ¥π‘ À¡—°

Z soil, prairie ¥‘π∑àÿßÀ≠â“

soil, primary ¥π‘ ª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘ soil category Õ—π¥—∫¢Õß°“√®”·π°¥‘π

soil, residual ¥π‘ ª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘ soil characteristic ≈—°…≥–¥‘π, ≈—°…≥–

soil, saline ¥‘π‡§¡Á ‡©æ“–µ«— ¢Õߥπ‘

soil, secondary ¥‘π∑µÿ ‘¬¿¡Ÿ ‘ soil classification °“√®”·π°¥π‘

soil, skeletal ¥π‘ ‚§√ß soil climate  ¿“槫“¡™È◊π·≈–Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘

soil, solonchak : soil, white alkali ¥π‘ ‡§¡Á ¿“¬„π¥‘π

¢“« (¥Ÿ solonchak) soil clod ¥π‘ °âÕπ, °âÕπ¥π‘

soil, solonetz : soil, black alkali ¥π‘ ‡§¡Á ¥” soil color  ¢’ Õߥ‘π

(¥Ÿ solonetz) soil color, dusky (¥π‘ )  ’À¡πà

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

273

soil color, matrix (¥π‘ )  æ’ ◊Èπ soil fumigant  “√‡§¡’√¡¥‘π‡æ◊ËÕ¶à“‡™È◊Õ‚√§ A
B
soil color, mottle (¥‘π) ®¥ÿ ª√– À√Õ◊ «™— æ™◊ C
D
soil complex (Àπ૬)¥‘πº ¡, Àπ૬¥‘π soil genesis «™‘ “«“à ¥«â ¬°”‡π¥‘ ¢Õߥπ‘ E
F
‡™‘ß´âÕπ, Àπ૬¢Õß·ºπ∑’Ë¥‘π∑’ˉ ¥â soil geography ¿Ÿ¡»‘ “ µ√å¥π‘ G
H
√«∫√«¡¥‘πÕ¬à“ßπâÕ¬ Õß™π‘¥´÷Ë߇°‘¥ soil grouping °“√®—¥À¡«¥À¡àŸ¢Õߥπ‘ I
J
ª–ªπ°—𠬓°µàÕ°“√∑”·ºπ∑’Ë ®÷ß√«¡‰«â soil horizon ™Èπ— ¥‘π, ™«à ß™—Èπ¥‘π K
L
‡ªπì Àπ૬‡¥¬’ «°—π soil indicator æ◊™™È’≈°— …≥–¥π‘ M
N
soil conditioner «— ¥ÿª√—∫ ¿“楑π,  “√ soil interpretation °“√·ª≈§«“¡À¡“¬¥π‘ O
P
ª√—∫ª√ßÿ ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߥ‘π soil layer ™«à ß™—πÈ ¥π‘ Q
R
soil conservation °“√Õπ√ÿ —°…¥å π‘ soil legend §”Õ∏∫‘ “¬ ≠— ≈°— …≥¥å ‘π S
T
soil consociation Àπ૬¥π‘ ‡¥¬’Ë « soil loss tolerance ¥π‘  ≠Ÿ ‡ ’¬‰¥â U
V
soil consuming crop æ™◊ º≈“≠¥‘π soil management °“√®¥— °“√¥‘π W
X
soil correlation  À —¡æπ— ∏å¥π‘ , °“√®—¥·≈– soil mantle ™—Èπ¥‘π‡Àπ◊ÕÀπ‘ Y
Z
ª√– “πß“π°“√„™â√–∫∫®”·π°¥π‘ soil map ·ºπ∑Ë¥’ π‘ (°“√®”≈Õß·∫∫™π‘¥¢Õß

soil correlator ºŸâ®—¥·≈–ª√– “πß“π°“√„™â ¥‘π∑Ë—«Ê ‰ª„π·ºπ∑Ë’ √«¡∂÷ß°“√‡≈◊Õ°∑Ë’

√–∫∫®”·π°¥π‘ ‡æ“–ª≈Ÿ°·≈–≈—°…≥–∑“ß°“¬¿“æ¢Õß

soil creep ¥π‘ ‡≈◊ËÕπ, °“√§◊∫¢Õß¥π‘ º«‘ ¥π‘ ‡æÕ◊Ë §«“¡ –¥«°„π°“√„™‡â æ“–ª≈°Ÿ )

soil crust ·ºπà §√“∫·¢ßÁ Àπ“â ¥π‘ soil matrix ¥π‘ æπÈ◊ [¡°— „™‡â «≈“°≈“à «∂ß÷ ®¥ÿ ª√–

soil drainage °“√√–∫“¬π”È ¢Õß¥π‘ „π¥‘𠮥ÿ ª√– (mottle) ®–Õ¬àŸ∫π¥‘πæ◊Èπ]

soil erosion °“√°—¥°√àÕπ¢Õߥ‘π, °“√æ—ß soil microorganism ®ÿ≈π‘ ∑√¬’ å„π¥π‘

∑≈“¬¢Õߥπ‘ (°“√™–≈“â ߇πÕ◊È ¥π‘ ‚¥¬πÈ” ≈¡ soil mineral ·√à„π¥π‘

Õ“®‡°‘¥µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘À√◊Õ®“°°“√°√–∑” soil mineralogy «‘∑¬“·√à„π¥‘π

¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å°Á‰¥)â soil moisture §«“¡™◊Èπ¥‘π

soil expectation value §“à §“¥º≈º≈µ‘ ·≈– soil moisture characteristic ≈—°…≥–

ª“É ‰¡â §«“¡™◊Èπ¥‘π

soil extract  Ëß‘  °—¥®“°¥‘π soil moisture control section ™à«ß§«∫§¡ÿ

soil family «ß»¥å π‘ §«“¡™◊πÈ ¥‘π

soil fauna  µ— «å„π¥π‘ soil moisture regimes  ¿“槫“¡™È◊π¥‘π

soil fertility §«“¡Õÿ¥¡ ¡∫√Ÿ ≥å¢Õߥ‘π soil moisture (water) storage °“√°—°‡°∫Á

soil flora æ™◊ „π¥‘π π”È ¢Õߥπ‘

soil-formation factors ªí®®—¬§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ soil monolith √Ÿª®”≈ÕßÀπ⓵—¥¢Õߥ‘π,

‡°¥‘ ¥‘π Ààÿπ®”≈ÕߢÕߥπ‘

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√ 274

A soil morphology  ≥— ∞“π«∑‘ ¬“¥π‘ ,  ≥— ∞“π soil series ™¥ÿ ¥π‘ (Àπ«à ¬¢Õß°“√®”·π°¥π‘ ∑Ë’
‰¥â√«∫√«¡¥‘π´÷Ëߧ≈⓬§≈÷ß°—π„π≈—°…≥–
B ¥π‘ ∑Ë’„™â°“√·∫àß·¬° °“√®—¥‡√’¬ß™È—π ·≈–
«—µ∂ÿµâπ°”‡π‘¥¢Õߥ‘π‰«â¥â«¬°—π  à«π‡π◊ÈÕ
C soil nutrient status  ¿“æ∏“µÕÿ “À“√„π¥‘𠥑π∫πÕ“®·µ°µà“ß°—π‰¥)â
D
E soil order Õ—π¥—∫¥‘π soil solution  “√≈–≈“¬¥π‘
soil sterilant  “√‡§¡’Õ∫¥‘π
F soil organic matter Õπ‘ ∑√’¬«µ— ∂ÿ¥‘π soil structure ‚§√ß √“â ߥπ‘
G soil organism  Ë‘ß¡’™’«µ‘ „π¥‘π soil surface º‘«¥‘π
soil survey °“√ ”√«®¥‘π
H soil particle Õπÿ¿“§¥‘π soil symbol  —≠≈°— …≥¥å ‘π
soil temperature regimes ™π—È Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡¥‘ ‘π
I soil ped °âÕπ‚§√ß √â“ߥπ‘ soil test °“√∑¥ Õ∫¥π‘
soil texture ‡πÈÕ◊ ¥‘π
J soil phase ª√–‡¿∑¥π‘ (Àπ«à ¬¢Õß·ºπ∑¥Ë’ π‘ soil tilth ¥π‘ ¡Ÿ≈‰∂, °“¬¿“æ ¡∫√Ÿ ≥¢å Õߥ‘π
soil type ™π‘¥¥‘π (Àπ૬¢Õß·ºπ∑’¥Ë π‘ ´÷ßË ‰¥â
K ´Ë÷߉¥â·∫à߬àÕ¬≈߉ª®“°¥‘π™ÿ¥‡¥’¬«°—π
L ·∫à߬àÕ¬≈߉ª®“°¥‘π™ÿ¥‡¥’¬«°—π‚¥¬∂◊Õ
M ‚¥¬∂◊Õ≈—°…≥–∑’Ë¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈µàÕ°“√„™â ≈—°…≥–‡π◊ÈÕ¥‘π∫π∑Ë’‡À¡◊Õπ°—π‡ªìπÀ≈—°
„π°“√®”·π°)
N ª√–‚¬™πå·≈–°“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“¥‘π‡ªìπÀ≈—° soil variant ¥‘π§≈“â ¬ (Àπ«à ¬¢Õß°“√®”·π°
O „π°“√®”·π° ‡ªìπµâπ«“à §«“¡≈“¥™π— ¢Õß ∑’√Ë «∫√«¡¥π‘ ´÷Ëß¡≈’ °— …≥–·µ°µ“à ßæÕ∑®Ë’ –
·¬°‡ªìπ¥‘π™ÿ¥„À¡à‰¥â ·µà‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡ªìπ
P æ◊Èπ∑Ë’ §«“¡≈÷°¢Õß¥π‘ °“√°¥— °√Õà π ·≈– ∫√‘‡«≥‰¡à¡“°æÕ ®÷߉¥â·¬°‰«â‡ªìπ¥‘πÕ’°

Q ÕË◊πÊ)

R soil pit À≈¡ÿ ¥‘π

S soil population  Ë‘ß∑¡Ë’ ™’ «’ µ‘ „π¥π‘
T
U soil pore ™àÕß«“à ß„π¥‘π

V soil porosity §«“¡æ√ÿπ¢Õߥ‘π
W soil productivity º≈º≈‘µ¥π‘ , §«“¡ “¡“√∂

X „π°“√„Àâº≈º≈µ‘ ¢Õߥ‘π

Y soil profile Àπ“â µ¥— ¥‘π, Àπâ“¢“â ߢÕߥ‘π

Z soil profile description §”∫√√¬“¬Àπ⓵—¥

¥π‘ , °“√æ√√≥π“Àπ“â µ¥— ¥‘π Àπ૬ÀπË÷ß ‚¥¬„™â™Ë◊Õ¢Õߥ‘π™ÿ¥∑’Ë¡’

soil protecting crop æ◊™æ∑‘ °— …契π ≈—°…≥–„°≈⇧’¬ß∑Ë’ ÿ¥ °”°—∫¥â«¬

soil quality §≥ÿ ¿“æ¥π‘ ≈—°…≥– ”§—≠· ¥ß§«“¡·µ°µà“ß°—∫™ÿ¥

soil reaction ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“¥‘π, √–¥—∫§«“¡‡ªìπ ¥π‘ ππÈ— )

°√¥-¥“à ߢÕߥ‘π soil water πÈ”„π¥π‘

soil salinity §«“¡‡§Á¡¢Õߥπ‘ soil water storage °“√°°— ‡°Á∫π”È ¢Õߥπ‘

soil science ª∞æ«’ ∑‘ ¬“, ª∞æ»’ “ µ√å (S. pedo- soil water tension §«“¡µß÷ π”È „π¥‘π

logy) soil wounding ‡µ√¬’ ¡æ◊πÈ ª“É

soil separate °≈ÿ¡à Õπÿ¿“§¥‘π soil zone ™«à ß™πÈ— ¥π‘

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√

275

sol ¢Õߺ ¡∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°¢Õß·¢Áß¢π“¥‡≈Á° solum ™π—È ∑‡Ë’ ªπì ¥π‘ , ™π—È ∫πÊ ¢Õß (Àπ“â µ¥— ) ¥π‘ A
B
°√–®“¬µ«— Õ¬Ÿà„π¢Õ߇À≈« ‡™πà ·ªÑߺ ¡ ∑’ËÕ¬àŸ‡Àπ◊Õ«—µ∂ÿ„Àâ°”‡π‘¥¥‘π  à«π¡“°√“° C
°—∫πÈ” (S. colloid) ¢Õßæ◊™ “¡“√∂À¬—Ë߇¢â“‰ª∂÷ß „π¥‘π∑Ë’ D
solid particle density π”È Àπ—°¥‘π·ÀâßµàÕ ‡®√≠‘  ¡∫√Ÿ ≥·å ≈«â À¡“¬§«“¡√«¡∂ß÷ ™πÈ— A E
Àπ«à ¬ª√‘¡“µ√¢Õߥ‘ππ—Èπ ·≈– B F
solid solutions  “√„π ¿“æº≈÷°´Ë÷ß¡’°“√ solute µ—«≈–≈“¬, µ—«∂Ÿ°≈–≈“¬ (‡™àπ ‡Õ“ G
‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß¿“¬„π ‚¥¬Õπ¡ÿ ≈Ÿ Õ¬“à ßÀπ÷ßË πÈ”µ“≈„ à„ππÈ” π”È µ“≈§◊Õµ—«≈–≈“¬  à«π H
‡¢â“·∑π∑’ËÕπÿ¡Ÿ≈´Ë÷ß¡’Õߧåª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’ πÈ”§◊Õµ«— ∑”≈–≈“¬) I
µ“à ß°π— ·µà¡¢’ 𓥇∑à“°π— solution  “√≈–≈“¬ J
solid stack °Õ߉¡â·∫∫∑÷∫* solvent µ—«∑”≈–≈“¬ (¥Ÿ solute) K
solid volume ª√¡‘ “µ√®√ß‘ * (S. true volume) solvent seasoning °“√∑”„À≡·â Àßâ ¥«â ¬µ«— ∑” L
solifluxion °“√‰À≈≈ߢÕߥπ‘ ≈–≈“¬* M
solitary flower ¥Õ°‡¥¬’Ë « solvent type preservative  “√ªÕÑ ß°—π√°— …“ N
solonchak : white alkali ¥‘π∑Ë’™—Èπ¢Õߥ‘π ‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡ªâ √–‡¿∑„™âµ—«∑”≈–≈“¬,  “√Õ“∫ O
‡®√‘≠‡°◊Õ∫ ¡∫√Ÿ ≥·å ≈«â ¡‡’ °≈◊Õ≈–≈“¬‰¥â ‰¡âª√–‡¿∑„™µâ —«∑”≈–≈“¬ P
Õ¬àŸ Ÿß ª√°µ‘¡’ ’®“ß ‰¡à¡’ —≥∞“π¢Õߥ‘π somatic ‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬Õ◊Ë ¢Õ߇´≈≈√å “à ß Q
‡°‘¥¢È÷π ‡°‘¥®“°Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õßæ◊™∑’Ë™Õ∫¥‘π somatic cell ‡´≈≈‡å πÈ◊ÕÀπß— R
‡§Á¡ æ∫µ“¡∫√‘‡«≥∑Ë’¡’Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õ߇°≈◊Õ sorbic acid °√¥‰¢¡π— ™π¥‘ Àπß÷Ë ¡’§ÿ≥ ¡∫µ— ‘„π S
®“°¥π‘ ™—Èπ≈à“ß ‡™àπ ™ÿ¥¥π‘ Õÿ¥√ °“√∂πÕ¡Õ“À“√ T
solonetz : black alkali ¥π‘ æ«° intrazonal soredium  à«π ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå摇»…¢Õßæ◊™æ«° U
™π‘¥ÀπË÷ß ‡πÈ◊Õ¥‘π™—Èπ∫πÀ¬“∫ √à«π´ÿ¬ lichens V
·≈–‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ßÕ¬àŸ‡√Ë◊Õ¬Ê ¥‘π™—Èπ≈à“ß sorghum ¢â“«øÉ“ß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Sorghum W
(B horizon) ¡’≈—°…≥–·¢Áß  ’‡¢â¡ ¡’ vulgare, Pers.) X
≈—°…≥–‚§√ß √“â ß·∫∫ columnar ·≈–¡’ sorption °“√¥Ÿ¥-§“¬* Y
 ¿“æπÈ”¢—ßÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π æ∫„π∫√‘‡«≥∑Ë’¡’ sorrel-top ¬Õ¥·¥ß Z
Ωπµ°πâÕ¬·≈–¡’«—µ∂ÿµâ𰔇π‘¥∑Ë’¡’‡°≈◊Õ sorter ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß§¥— (¢π“¥  ’ ™π‘¥ œ≈œ)
º ¡Õ¬àŸ ‡™à𠙥ÿ ¥π‘ ÀπÕß·°, °ÿ≈“√âÕ߉Àâ sorter, drop ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß§¥— §«“¡¬“«‰¡*â
soluan §√“∫‡°≈Õ◊ sorter, edge ‡§√Ë◊Õߧ—¥§«“¡Àπ“‰¡â*
solubility  ¿“æ≈–≈“¬‰¥â, §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π sorting boom ∑πÿà °π—È §¥— ´ßÿ * (S. sorting jack)
sorting gap ՟ৗ¥´ÿß*

°“√≈–≈“¬‰¥â¢Õß “√ sorting jack ∑àÿπ°πÈ— §¥— ´ÿß*

solubilization °“√∑”„À≈â –≈“¬ sorting table ‚µ–ä §¥— ‰¡â* (S. green chain,

soluble solids ¢Õ߇À≈«∑’Ë§È—π®“°º≈‰¡â green table)

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 276

A sorus °≈ÿà¡ sporangium ‡°¥‘ ‡ªπì À¬Õà ¡Ê ∫π spacing √–¬–√–À«“à ßµπâ
spade æ≈—Ë«, ‡ ¬’ ¡
B º«‘ „∫¥â“π≈à“ߢÕ߇øî√πå spade, to ¢ÿ¥
spadix ™àÕ¥Õ°·∫∫ spike ¡’≈°— …≥–À𓇪πì
C sound ‰¡ºà ÿ*, ‰¡à¡µ’ ”Àπ‘µâÕßÀ“â ¡*
D ‡π◊ÕÈ ¡’ spathe ≈Õâ ¡√Õ∫ À√Õ◊ ‡°¥‘ ∫√‡‘ «≥
E sound defect µ”Àπ∑‘ ’ˉ¡ºà *ÿ ∞“𠇙àπ ¥Õ°Àπâ“«—« ‡ªπì µâπ
Spanish needles À≠“â °π⠮Ȕ¢“« (¥Ÿ black jack)
F sound knot µ“·¢Áßµπ— * spalt ‡»…‰¡â°âÕ¡*, ‡»…‰¡∑â Õà π∑”·ªÑπ‡°≈¥Á *
G sour paspalum À≠â“π¡ÀπÕπ, À≠ⓇÀÁ∫ spar (-tree) ‰¡‡â  “√–¬“ß*
spar, head ‡ “√–¬“ßÀ«— *
H («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ Paspalum spar, tail ‡ “√–¬“ß∑“â ¬*
sparrowûs brinjal ¡–·«âß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈
I conjugatum, Bergins.) Solanum indicum, L.)
spathaceous §≈⓬°≈’∫‡≈¬’È ß (spathe)
J soursop ∑ÿ‡√¬’ π‡∑» (‰¡ºâ ≈„π °ÿ≈ Annona spathe °≈∫’ ‡≈¬È’ ßÀ√Õ◊ „∫∑À’Ë Õà À¡âÿ À√Õ◊ æ¬ßÿ °≈¡àÿ
¢ÕߥհÀ√◊Õ™àÕ¥Õ° ∫“ß∑’¡’ ’ —π§≈⓬
K muricata, L.) °≈’∫¥Õ°
L spatulate ¡’√Ÿª√à“ߧ≈⓬„∫擬À√◊Õ™âÕπ∑’Ë
M southern cutgrass À≠“â ‰∑√ («™— æ™◊ π”È „π °≈ÿ ·æ∑¬å„™â ”À√∫— °¥≈πÈ‘
spawn ‰¢à ( —µ«πå È”), ‡™◊ÈÕ‡ÀÁ¥, «“߉¢à
N Leersia hexandra, Schwartz.) spawning °“√«“߉¢à, °“√„ ‡à ™Õ◊È ‡À¥Á
O southern sandbur À≠â“∫âÿß, Àπ“¡°√– ÿπ spaying °“√µÕ𵫗 ‡¡¬’ , º“à ‡Õ“√ß— ‰¢Õà Õ°
spear ·À≈π
P («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ Cenchrus

Q echinatus, L.)

R southern Sida À≠“â ¢¥— , µπâ ‰¡°â «“¥ (¥Ÿ broom

S weed)
T
U southern yew  π„∫擬, ©”©“≠ª’Ë πÉÿ (µπâ ‰¡â

V „π °≈ÿ Podocarpus macrophylla var.
W maki, Sieb.)

X sow ·¡æà —π∏åÿ ( ÿ°√)

Y sow, to À«à“π, ‚ª√¬

Z sowing, broadcast °“√À«à“π∑«Ë— ∫√‘‡«≥

sowing, direct °“√À«à“πµ√ß specialization °“√‡ª≈¬Ë’ π·ª≈ß∑“ß‚§√ß √“â ß

soyabean : soybean ∂Ë—«‡À≈Õ◊ ß [æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ ¢Õ߇´≈≈å‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬ÕË◊ Õ«¬— «– À√Õ◊ æ™◊ ∑ßÈ— µâπ

Glycine max (L.) Merr.] species ™π‘¥, ™È—π„π°“√·∫àß·¬°æ◊™∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà∂—¥

soyabean glue °“«∂Ë«— ‡À≈◊Õß* ®“° °≈ÿ (genus) ≈ß¡“

space, intercellular ™àÕß√–À«“à ߇´≈≈å* species, accessory ‰¡â™π‘¥Õÿª°√≥å

spaced column ‡ “ª√–°—∫* species, principal ‰¡™â 𥑠‡Õ°

space spray °“√æπà  “√‡§¡’„πÀÕâ ß®”°—¥ ‡™πà species, secondary ‰¡â™π‘¥√Õß

°“√¶“à ¬ßÿ À√Õ◊ ·¡≈ßÕπ◊Ë Ê „π∫“â π ·¡≈ß®– species, succession ‰¡â™π¥‘  ◊∫≈”¥∫—

∫π‘ ‰ª∂°Ÿ  “√‡§¡´’ Ë÷ß≈Õ¬Õ¬Ÿà„πÕ“°“» specific adhesion °“√¬¥÷ µ‘¥®”‡æ“–*

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

277

specific gravity §«“¡∂à«ß®”‡æ“–* spider plant ‡»√…∞’‡√◊Õπ„π (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ A
B
specific name ™Ë◊Õ™π¥‘ Chlorophytum elatum var. vittatum) C
D
specific strength §«“¡·¢Áß·√ß®”‡æ“–* spike 1. ™àÕ¥Õ°∑’Ë¡’¥Õ°´÷Ë߉¡à¡’°â“π ‡°‘¥Õ¬Ÿà E
F
specific surface ‡πÈ◊Õ∑’˺‘«®”‡æ“–, ‡πÈ◊Õ∑Ë’º‘« ∫π·°π°≈“ß, ™àÕ¥Õ°·∫∫™àÕ°√–®–‡™‘ß G
H
¢ÕßÕπÿ¿“§µàÕÀπË÷ßÀπ૬¡«≈¢ÕßÕπÿ¿“§ ≈¥ 2. «—µ∂ÿ∑¡Ë’ ’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ´Ë·’ À≈¡ I
J
ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬‡π◊ÈÕ∑’˺‘«¿“¬πÕ°·≈–‡π◊ÈÕ∑’Ë spikelet spike ¬Õà ¬ (¥Ÿ spike) K
L
º«‘ ¿“¬„π¢ÕßÕπÿ¿“§ spike rush ·À«â ∑√ß°√–‡∑’¬¡ [«™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ√Õâ π M
N
specimen, small clear ‰¡âµ—«Õ¬à“߇≈Á°ª√“» „π °≈ÿ Eleocharis geniculata, (L.) R. O
P
®“°µ”Àπ*‘ & B.] Q
R
spent ª≈Õà ¬·≈â« spiketooth ´Ë·’ À≈¡ S
T
sperm ‡™◊ÕÈ ‡æ»º,Ÿâ ‡´≈≈å ◊∫æ—π∏µåÿ —«ºŸâ spike-top ¬Õ¥µ“¬ U
V
spermatophyte æ™◊ ∑¡’Ë ‡’ ¡≈¥Á (¥Ÿ phanerogam) spinach º—°‚¢¡, ª«¬‡≈âß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ W
X
spermatozoa ‡™Õ◊È ‡æ»ºŸâ Spinacea oleracea, L.) Y
Z
sphenopsis æ◊™„π°≈ÿà¡ Equisetum spine 1. Àπ“¡·À≈¡·¢ßÁ 2.  —πÀ≈ß—

spherical √Ÿª∑√ß°≈¡ spinescent ¡’ª≈“¬À√Õ◊  à«π¬Õ¥·À≈¡·¢Áß

spherodizer ‡§√◊ËÕߺ≈‘µ‡¡Á¥ªÿܬ·∫∫∂—ßÀ¡ÿπ spinous dorsal §√’∫À≈—ßÕ—π·¢Áß (ª¡.)

(S. rotary drum granulator) spinulose ¡À’ π“¡·¢ßÁ ¢π“¥‡≈Á°Ê ∫πº«‘

sphincter °≈â“¡‡π◊ÈÕÀŸ√Ÿ¥, °≈â“¡‡πÈ◊Õ∑’Ë spiny amaranth º—°‚¢¡Àπ“¡ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ

∫—ߧ—∫°“√ª¥î -‡ªî¥¢Õß™àÕ߇ªî¥µà“ßÊ √âÕπ„π °≈ÿ Amaranthus spinosus, L.)

spicate ™àÕ¥Õ°´÷Ëß¡’¥Õ°∑Ë’‰¡à¡’°â“π (§≈⓬ spiny rayed ´Ë’·¢Áß (ª¡.)

spike) spiny spider flower º—°‡ ’È¬πº’ («™— æ◊™‡¢µ

spice, to ª√ßÿ √ , „ à‡§√Õ◊Ë ß‡∑» √Õâ π„π °ÿ≈ Cleome spinosa, Jacq.)

spice-grafting °“√µàÕ°Ë‘ß·∫∫Ω“π∫«∫ ‚¥¬ spiracle ™Õà ß≈¡, ™Õà ßÀ“¬„®, √ÀŸ “¬„®¢Õß·¡≈ß

Ω“πµâπµÕ·≈–°Ë‘ßæ—π∏ÿ凪ìπ√Ÿªª“°©≈“¡ Õ¬Ÿà¢“â ß≈”µ«—

·≈«â ‡Õ“¡“ª√–°∫°π— spiral ‡ªìπ‡°≈’¬«

spices ‡§√◊ËÕ߇∑» spiral grain ‡ ¬È’ π∫¥‘ * (S. twisted grain,

spider ·¡ß¡ÿ¡* ( ”À√—∫«¥— ™«à ߧ¥— øπí ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬) twist fibre)

(«π.) spiral thickening ‡°≈’¬«ºπ—߇´≈≈å*

spider hunter π°ª≈’°≈⫬ (π°„π °ÿ≈ spirometer ¡“µ√Õ“°“»À“¬„®

Arachnothera sp.) spit ·À≈¡∑√“¬

spidering º—°‚¢¡À‘π («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ splade ‡ ’¬¡, æ≈«—Ë

Boerhaavia decumbens) splash ∑”„À¢â Õ߇À≈«°√–‡¥πÁ

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 278

A splash plate 擬«‘¥ “¥π”È ¡π— sporophyte √–¬–ÀπË÷ß„π™’æ®—°√¢Õ߇øî√åπ
®–¡’ ªÕ√å ‡¡◊ËÕ ªÕ√åßÕ°®–‡¢â“ àŸ√–¬–
B splay knot µ“√ªŸ ‡¥◊Õ¬* gametophyte, √–¬–¢Õßæ™◊ ∑¡’Ë ‚’ §√‚¡‚´¡
2n
C spleen ¡“â ¡
D sports  «à π¢Õßæ™◊ ∑Ë°’ ≈“¬≈°— …≥–®“°µâπ·¡à,
E splicer ‡§√Ë◊ÕßµÕà √‘¡* °“√º‘¥·º°Õ¬à“ß°–∑—πÀ—π‰ª®“°™π‘¥
‡¥‘¡¢Õßæ™◊
F spline 1. ‰¡®â ¡’ ∫“ß* 2. ≈π‘È  ≈°— * 3. √Õà ߇≈°Á Ê
G (∑‡Ë’ ´“–‰«â∫πº‘«‰¡âÀ√◊Õ¢Õß·¢ßÁ ) spot 1. ‡∑’¬∫* 2. À¡“¬‰¡*â
spot burning °“√‡º“‡ªπì À¬Õà ¡*
H splint ‰¡â®—° “π*, ‰¡â°“â π‰¡â¢’¥* spot gluing °“√µ¥‘ °“«‡ªπì ·Àßà Ê*
spot heating °“√„À⧫“¡√âÕπ‡ªìπ·ÀàßÊ*
I splintering fracture √Õ¬À—°‡ªìπ‡ È’¬π* spot worm ¡Õ¥®ÿ¥*
spotting line  “¬‡∑¬’ ∫√∂*
J split 1. √Õ¬·µ°* 2. §“π´°’ * sprag ‰¡â§”È ¬—π πÈ— *
spray æàπΩÕ¬, ¢Õ߇À≈«∑æË’ πà ‡ªìπΩÕ¬
K split, end √Õ¬·µ°∑˪’ ≈“¬* spray bar √“«∑’Ë¡’À—«©’¥æàπ¢Õ߇À≈«‡ªìπ
L
M splitter Õÿª°√≥å·∫àß«— ¥ÿÕÕ°‡ªìπ Õß à«π ≈–ÕÕßΩÕ¬
spray-compatibility °“√∑ Ë’ “√¡“°°«“à 1 ™π¥‘
N À√Õ◊ ¡“°°«à“ππÈ—
O splitting saw ‡≈◊ËÕ¬¢Õ∫≈“¥ ÕßÀπâ“*  “¡“√∂º ¡°—π‰¥â‚¥¬‰¡à‡ªìπªØ‘ªí°…å
µàÕ°π—
P spoilage  à«π∑‡’Ë  ’¬„™â‰¡à‰¥â spray-incompatibility °“√∑’Ë “√¡“°°«à“ 1
™ π‘ ¥ ‰ ¡à   “ ¡ “ √ ∂ º   ¡ °— π ‰ ¥â · ≈ – ‡ ªì π
Q sponge gourd ∫«∫°≈¡ (æ™◊ „π °ÿ≈ Luffa ªØ‘ª°í …åµÕà °—π

R cylindrica, Roem.)

S spongy heart ‰ øâ °í * (S. soft heart)
T
U spongy rot °“√ºÿ·∫∫øÕßπÈ”*

V spool blanks ‰¡∑â ”À≈Õ¥¥â“¬*
W spool donkey ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß®—°√°«â“π‰¡·â °πµÈ—ß*

X sporadic ª√–ª√“¬

Y sporangiophore °â“π™Ÿ à«π∑ˇ’ ªπì ∑Ë’Õ¬àŸ¢Õß

Z  ªÕ√å

sporangium  «à π∑’ˇªìπ∑’ËÕ¬àŸ¢Õß ªÕ√å sprayer, boom ‡§√Ë◊Õßæàπ·∫∫√“«

spore  ªÕ√å (‡´≈≈ å ∫◊ æπ— ∏´åÿ ß÷Ë ¡‡’ ´≈≈‡å ¥¬’ « æ∫ sprayer, knapsack ‡§√ÕË◊ ßæπà ·∫∫ –擬À≈ß—

„πæ™◊ æ«° Pteridophytes ·≈–æ™◊ ™—πÈ µË”) spraying °“√µÕπµ—«‡¡’¬

sporocarp  «à π∑’ˇªπì ∑Õ’Ë ¬Ÿà¢Õß sporangia spray treatment «‘∏’°“√æàπ*

sporogenesis °“√ √â“߇´≈≈å ◊∫æ—π∏åÿ‚¥¬ spread ª√¡‘ “≥∑’Ë∑“*, ·æ√à°√–®“¬

¢∫«π°“√ meiosis spread, rate of (fire) Õµ— √“‰ø≈“¡

sporogenous ‡πÈ◊Õ‡¬Ë◊Õ∑’Ë “¡“√∂ √â“ßÕ«—¬«– spreader 1. ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß∑”„À°â √–®“¬ 2. Õÿª°√≥å

 ◊∫æπ— ∏åÿ ∑Ë’„™â®à“¬π”È ‰ªµ“¡√àÕßπÈ” 3. ‡§√Ë◊ÕßÀ«à“π

sporophyll „∫∑Ë’„À â ªÕ√å ª¬Üÿ À√◊Õ “√‡§¡’

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

279

spreading ·ºàÕÕ°µ“¡·π«πÕπ ·¬°™—°≈“°* A
B
spreading flower º—°ª√“∫ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√Õâ π spurge ‡¢¬µ“¬ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ C
„π °ÿ≈ Commelina diffusa, Burn. F.) Euphorbia heterophylla, L.) D
E
spring ‚°ßà * spur pepper æ√‘°™Èø’ Ñ“ (æ◊™„π °≈ÿ Capsi- F
spring board °√–¥“π‚§πà ‰¡*â (S. chopping cum frutescen, L.) G
H
board) squamate „∫À√Õ◊ °≈’∫‡≈È’¬ß∑Ë¡’ ’‡°≈¥Á ‡≈°Á Ê I
J
spring chicken ‰°°à √–∑ß (‡À¡“– ”À√∫— ªßîô ) squamose ª°§≈¡ÿ ¥â«¬‡°≈¥Á ‡≈Á°Ê K
L
springer ‰¡¢â π— ™–‡π“–* (S. binder, dancer, square 1. µ“¥Õ°¢ÕßΩÑ“¬∑’ˬ—߉¡à‡ªî¥‚¥¬¡’ M
twister) °“∫Àâÿ¡Õ¬Ÿà 2. ‰¡â 100 µ“√“ßøÿµ, ‰¡â N
‡À≈¬Ë’ ¡* (S. balk, baulk) («π.) O
springing °“√∂Õ𵫗 * (S. popping) P
spring males µ—«ºŸâ„πƒ¥Ÿ«“߉¢à square-cut 1. µ—¥¢«“߇ ¬È’ π* (S. crosscut) Q
spring set øíπ‡∫π* 2. µ¥— ‡ªπì ‡À≈Ë’¬¡©“°* R
S
spring wood ‡πÕ◊È ‰¡µâ πâ ƒ¥*Ÿ (S. early wood) square-edge timber ‰¡â‡À≈ˬ’ ¡©“°‡µ¡Á * T
U
sprinkler ‡§√ÕË◊ ßæπà π”È „π°“√„Àπâ ”È ·∫∫Ωπ‚ª√¬ square log ´ßÿ ‰¡‡â À≈’¬Ë ¡* V
W
sprinkler, fixed head √–∫∫°“√„Àâπ”È ·∫∫ square-sawn timber ‰¡‡â ≈ËÕ◊ ¬©“°* X
Y
Ωπ‚ª√¬∑¡’Ë À’ —«©¥’ ¬÷¥µ‘¥Õ¬Ÿà°—∫∑’Ë square system (planting) °“√ª≈Ÿ°µâπ‰¡â Z

sprinkler irrigation °“√™≈ª√–∑“π·∫∫Ωπ ·∫∫ ‡’Ë À≈ˬ’ ¡®µ√ÿ  —

‚ª√¬ squash πÈ”º≈‰¡â∑¡Ë’ ’‡π◊ÕÈ º≈‰¡ªâ πÕ¬àŸ

sprinkling °“√„Àπâ È”·∫∫Ωπ‚ª√¬ squeezing pump ‡§√◊ËÕß Ÿ∫πÈ”™π‘¥ÀπË÷ß(¢—∫

sprout ÀπÕà ÕÕà π, ßÕ°ÀπÕà ÕÕ°¡“, ßÕ°ÕÕ° ¥π— π”È º“à π∑Õà ‚¥¬„™â·√ß∫’∫√’¥π”È ÕÕ°‰ª)

¡“®“°‡¡≈Á¥ ‡™πà ∂Ë«— ßÕ°, ‡Õ“ à«π∑’ßË Õ° stabilization °“√§ßµ«—

ÕÕ°®“°‡¡≈¥Á ‡™πà µπâ ∑ß’Ë Õ°®“°µ“¡π— Ω√ßË— stabilizer  “√∑Ë’∑”„À⇰‘¥°“√§ßµ—«,  “√ √“â ß
sprouting broccoli °–À≈Ë”¥Õ°Õµ‘ “‡≈¬’ π (æ™◊ ‡ ∂’¬√¿“æ

„π °≈ÿ Brassica oleracea var. italica, stabilizing selection ¥Ÿ selection, stabiliz-

DC.) ing

spud ‡À≈°Á ·´–‡ª≈Õ◊ °* stack 1. °Õ߉¡â* 2. °ÕßÀ≠â“À√◊Õ°Õßø“ß

spur 1. µÕ°Ë‘ߢÕßÕßàÿπ 2.  à«π¢Õßæ◊™´÷Ëß¡’ ¢π“¥„À≠à 3. ´âÕπ°π— ‡ªìπ™—πÈ
≈—°…≥–§≈⓬°‘Ëß ¡’°“√‡®√‘≠ª√–®”ªï È—π stack, block(ed) °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫∑÷∫*
¡“° ¡’§«“¡¬“«πâÕ¬°«à“ 1/2 πÈ‘« ¡’„∫ stack, box °Õ߉¡â·∫∫ ’ˇÀ≈’¬Ë ¡*
‡°‘¥‡ªìπ«ß ¡’¢âÕ∂Ë’¡“° æ◊™À≈“¬™π‘¥ stack, box-end °Õ߉¡â·∫∫ Ë’‡À≈’ˬ¡*
®–¡’¥Õ°∫π –‡ªÕ√å 3. ‡¥◊Õ¬ (‰°à) stack, bulk °Õ߉¡â·∫∫∑∫÷ *
4. æŸæÕπ* (S. buttress) («π.) 5. ∑“ß stack, crib °Õ߉¡â·∫∫ “¡‡À≈ˬ’ ¡*

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 280

A stack, cross °Õ߉¡â·∫∫¢«“߇µ“* stagheaded °‘Ëß∫𵓬
stagûs horn fern °√–‡™“â  ¥’ “, ™“¬º“â  ¥’ “ (æ™◊
B stack, edge °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫¢Õ∫µßÈ— *
„π °≈ÿ Platycerium coronarium, Desv.)
C stack, end °Õ߉¡â·∫∫Àπ“â æß‘ *, °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫ stain √Õ¬¥“à ß* (S. discoloration)
D stain, glue √Õ¬¥à“ß°“«*
E ¢π“π‡µ“* stain, interior sap √Õ¬¥“à ß¿“¬„π°√–æ’*È
stain, kiln √Õ¬¥à“ß®“°°“√Õ∫*
F stack, end racking °Õ߉¡â·∫∫¢Õ∫æß‘ * stain, light √Õ¬¥“à ß ’®“ß*
G stack, flat °Õ߉¡â·∫∫Àπ“â √“∫* stain, mineral √Õ¬¥à“ß ’·√*à
stain, sap √Õ¬¥à“ß∑°Ë’ √–æ*’È
H stack, inclined °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫Àπâ“≈“¥* stain, watermark √Õ¬¥“à ß≈“¬π”È *
stain, weather √Õ¬¥“à ß®“°≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“»*
I stack, open °Õ߉¡â·∫∫‚ª√ßà * stain, wound √Õ¬¥à“ß®“°·º≈*
stake : stanchion À≈—°*, À≈—°°—π¢â“ß*
J stack, pigsty °Õ߉¡â·∫∫§Õ°À¡*Ÿ
(√∂∫√√∑ÿ°), ª°í À≈°— ¬÷¥ (S. stay)
K stack, slope of §«“¡≈“¥¢Õß°Õ߉¡â* stake out, to ªí°À≈°—
L stake trap, bamboo net ‚ª–Ö Õ«π
M stack, solid °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫∑∫÷ * stalk  «à π°â“π¢ÕßÕ«¬— «–æ™◊ ‡™àπ °â“π„∫ °“â π

N stack, stepped °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫¢È—π∫π— ‰¥* ™àÕ¥Õ° °â“π¥Õ°¬àÕ¬„π™àÕ¥Õ° °â“π™Ÿ
O stack, stickered °Õ߉¡â·∫∫‚ª√ßà * Õ∫— ‡√≥Ÿ‡ªπì µπâ
stall §Õ° —µ«å, ´Õß∫ß— §∫—  µ— «å
P stack, stripped °Õ߉¡â·∫∫‚ª√ßà * stamen ‡° √µ—«ºâŸ,  à«π¢Õߥհ∑Ë’ª√–°Õ∫
¥â«¬°â“π™ŸÕ—∫‡√≥Ÿ (filament) Õ—∫‡√≥Ÿ
Q stack, vertical °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫¢Õ∫µ—Èß*

R stack bottom ∞“π°Õ߉¡*â

S stacked cubic foot ≈Ÿ°∫“»°åøÿµ°Õß*
T
U stacked volume ª√¡‘ “µ√°Õ߉¡â*

V stacker 1. ‡§√Ë◊Õß°Õ߉¡â* 2. ‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ„™â
W  ”À√—∫¬°·≈–‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬ø“ß √«ß À√◊Õ

X À≠â“®“°‡§√◊ÕË ß𫥉ª Ÿ√à ∂∫√√∑ÿ°À√◊Õ‡Õ“

Y ‰ª°Õß Õ“®„™â·√ß —µ«åÀ√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß®—°√°≈

Z °Á‰¥â 3. ‡§√Ë◊Õß°≈∑Ë’™à«¬¬°«— ¥ÿ¢÷Èπ≈ß„π

·π«¥ß‘Ë (anther)

stacker fan 楗 ≈¡∑æ’Ë ¥— ‡»…ø“ßÀ√Õ◊ √«ß‡¢“â ‰ª staminate flower ¥Õ°µ«— ºâŸ (¥Ÿ flower, stami-

„π∑àÕ∑“ßÕÕ°¢Õ߇§√◊ÕË ßπ«¥ nate)

stacking guide Õÿª°√≥宥— ·π«‰¡â§—πË * staminode ‡° √µ—«ºâŸ∑‡Ë’ ªìπÀ¡—πÀ√◊Õ‰¡∑à ”ß“π

stacking stall ™Õà ߇°Á∫‰¡â§—¥√Õ°Õß* Õ“®®–‡À≈◊Õ„Àâ‡ÀÁπ‡ªìπªÿÉ¡‡≈Á°Ê À√◊Õ¡’

stacking stick ‰¡§â Ëπ— * ¢π“¥„À≠à°Á‰¥â

stacking strip ‰¡â§Ë—π* stand À¡àŸ‰¡â, ª√‘¡“≥·≈–ª√‘¡“µ√À¡Ÿà‰¡*â

staff ‰¡√â –¥—∫ stand, elite À¡Ÿà‰¡â™Èπ— ‡¬¬’Ë ¡

stag æÕà æ—π∏åÿ ( —µ«å) stand, fully-stocked À¡Ÿà‰¡‡â µ¡Á ∫√‘∫√Ÿ ≥å

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

281

stand, pure ª“É ≈â«π star shake √Õ¬√“â «√Ÿª¥“«* A
stand, residual æ™◊ º≈À≈°— starter À—«‡™◊ÈÕ, ‡™◊ÈÕ‡√‘Ë¡µâπ B
stand age Õ“¬‰ÿ ¡â„À≠à starved joint √Õ¬µÕà ‰¡·à πàπ* C
standard 1. °≈’∫¥Õ°Õ—π∫π ÿ¥¢Õߥհæ◊™ static  ∂‘µ, ¿“«–À¬¥ÿ πËß‘ (A. dynamic) D
static bending °“√¥—¥ ∂‘µ* (°“√∑¥ Õ∫°≈ E
µ√–°Ÿ≈∂Ë—« ¡’¢π“¥„À≠à°«à“°≈’∫ÕË◊πÊ F
2. ‰¡â§ß‰«â 3. ¡“µ√∞“π* (Àπ૬ª√¡‘ “µ√  ¡∫µ— )‘ G
‰¡·â ª√√ªŸ ) static load(ing) πÈ”Àπ°—  ∂‘µ* H
standard deviation §«“¡‡∫¬’Ë ß‡∫π¡“µ√∞“π* station, fag ‡¢µ ∫Ÿ ∫Àÿ √Ë’‰¥â I
standard error §«“¡‡§≈ÕË◊ π§≈“¥¡“µ√∞“π* stationary լట —∫∑,Ë’ µ‘¥µ“¬µ—« J
stand density 1. §«“¡¬“«®“°ª≈“¬ª“° stationary mill ‚√߇≈Õ◊Ë ¬Õ¬Ÿà°∫— ∑*’Ë K
∂÷ß‚§πÀ“ß (ª¡.) 2. §«“¡Àπ“·πàπ¢Õß stave ‰¡â∑”∂ß— * L
À¡Ÿà‰¡â («π.) stave bolt ‰¡∑â àÕπ∑”∂ß— * M
stand density index ¥™— π§’ «“¡Àπ“·ππà ¢Õß stay À≈°— *, À≈—°°—π¢“â ß* (√∂∫√√∑°ÿ ) N
À¡àŸ‰¡â stay log ∑¬Ë’ ¥÷ ´ßÿ * (·∫∫°Ë÷ߪհ) O
stand development æ—≤π“°“√¢ÕßÀ¡àŸ‰¡â steam-and-quench treatment «‘∏’°“√πË÷ß P
standing derrick ªπíô ®—πË ¬◊π* Q
standing sale °“√¢“¬¬◊πµâπ* ·≈«â ·™πà È”¬“‡¬πÁ * R
standing timber ‰¡¬â π◊ µâπ* steam bending °“√¥¥— ‰¡â¥«â ¬‰ÕπÈ”* S
stands µâπµÕ¢Õßæ◊™ Õ“®¡’™’«‘µÕ¬àŸÀ√◊Õµ“¬ steamed bone °√–¥°Ÿ Õ∫‰ÕπÈ” (¥Ÿ bone meal, T
·≈â«·µ¬à —ß¡√’ “°¬÷¥Õ¬àŸ„π¥π‘ U
stand structure ‚§√ß √â“ߢÕߪɓ steam) V
stand table µ“√“ß·≈–™È—π‰¡â steaming treatment «‘∏°’ “√πË÷ß* W
staple ª≈‘߬÷¥À«— ‰¡â* steam-jet kiln steeping treatment ‡µ“Õ∫ X
star check √Õ¬ª√√‘ ªŸ ¥“«* Y
starch glue °“«·ªÑß* ·∫∫æπà ‰ÕπÈ”* Z
star-gooseberry ¡–¬¡ (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ steeping treatment «‘∏°’ “√·™*à
Phyllanthus distichus, Muell.) steep slope §«“¡≈“¥™π—  ßŸ
starling, black-collared π°°ßÈ‘ ‚§√ß (π°„π steep (topography)  ¿“ææ◊πÈ ∑’ Ë ߟ ™π—
 °ÿ≈ Sturnus nigricollis) steer 1. ∫ß— §—∫·π«°“√‡§≈◊ÕË π∑’Ë 2. ‚§µÕπ,
star ipomoea ‡§√◊Õ «√√§å (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈
Quamoclit coccinea, Moench.) ⤢ع
stele (∑∫— »æ— ∑å), ‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬ÕË◊ ≈”‡≈¬’ ߢÕß≈”µâπ*,

°≈ÿ¡à ¢Õ߇πÈ◊Õ‡¬ËÕ◊ ∑≈Ë’ Õâ ¡√Õ∫¥«â ¬ cortex
stellate √Ÿª§≈⓬¥“«, ¢π∑Ë’¡’·©°·¬°ÕÕ°

star sedge °° («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ §≈⓬¥“« ·µà≈–·©°Õ“®¡’°Ë‘ß°â“π·¬°

Dichromena ciliata, Vahl.) ÕÕ°‰ªÕ°’

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√ 282

A stem ≈”µπâ *,  «à π¢Õßæ◊™´ßË÷ ‡ªìπ∑‡’Ë °‘¥¢Õß°ß‘Ë stick, boom ≈°Ÿ ∑πàÿ *
stick, gunning ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¡Õ◊ °”Àπ¥∑»‘ ∑“ß≈¡â ‰¡*â
B °â“π „∫ ·≈–¥Õ°
(S. gun)
C stem, trap µâπ‰¡â¥°— ·¡≈ß stick, scale ‰¡«â ¥— ´ßÿ
D sticker 1. ‡§√Ë◊Õ߉ ‰¡âª√–µŸ* 2. ‰¡â§—Ëπ*
E stem analysis °“√«‘‡§√“–À≈å ”µπâ
(S. crosser, filet, pilling stick, pilling
F stem class ™—πÈ ≈”µπâ strip, pin, stacking stick)
G stem end ¥“â π¢«È— º≈ sticker alignment °“√®—¥·π«‰¡â§Ë—π*
sticker spacing √–¬–‰¡â§Ëπ— *
H stem flow ª√‘¡“≥πÈ”Ωπ∑Ë’‰À≈≈߉ªµ“¡≈”µâπ stickered stack °Õ߉¡â·∫∫‚ª√àß*
stickiness §«“¡‡Àπ¬’ «
I ®–¡“°πÕâ ¬‡æ¬’ ß„¥¢πÈ÷ Õ¬°Ÿà ∫— ™π¥‘ ¢Õßµπâ ‰¡â sticklac §√ß—Ë ¥∫‘ *
sticky ‡Àπ¬’ «
J stem grafting °“√µàÕ°ßË‘ ∫π≈”µπâ sticky point ®ÿ¥‡À𒬫, ®¥ÿ À¡“¥
stiff-leg 1. ‡§√ËÕ◊ ߬°·∫∫§“π§ß∑*’Ë 2. ∑πÿà °°—
K stemwood ‰¡â®“°≈”µπâ * (S. bodywood) ´ÿ߬¥÷ Ωßòí *
L stiffness §«“¡·¢ßÁ µ÷ß*
M stenospermocarpy  ¿“æ∑Ë’‰¡¡à ’‡¡≈¥Á Õπ— ‡°¥‘ stigma 1. ¬Õ¥‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬ 2. √ŸÀ“¬„®¢Õß
·¡≈ß
N ®“°‰¢à∑Ë’‰¥â√—∫°“√º ¡‰¡à‡®√‘≠À√◊Õ‡®√‘≠ stigma fluid πÈ”‡¡Õ◊ °‡Àπ¬’ «„  ‰¡¡à  ’ ’ ≈°— …≥–
O ‡æ’¬ß‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ ∑”„À⇡≈Á¥≈’∫ ¡’≈—°…≥– §≈⓬°“«Õ¬àŸ„π·Õßà ‡° √µ—«‡¡¬’
stile °√Õ∫«ß°∫µß—È *
P ÕàÕππà¡ÿ √Ÿª√à“ߺ‘¥ª√°µ‘ stillbirth ≈Ÿ° µ— «∑å µË’ “¬„π∑Õâ ß, ≈°Ÿ  µ— «å∑’ËÕÕ°

Q steppe ∑’Ë√“∫´ßË÷ ¡À’ ≠“â ·µªà √“»®“°µπâ ‰¡â (‡™πà

R „π√— ‡´¬’ ·≈–‰´∫’‡√¬’ )

S stepped stack °Õ߉¡â·∫∫¢È—π∫π— ‰¥*
T
U stepping °“√Õ“∫‚§π

V stepping treatment «‘∏°’ “√Õ“∫‚§π*
W stere (∑—∫»æ— ∑å), Àπ«à ¬«¥— °Õ߉¡â

X stereo pairs ¿“æ∂“à ¬§¥Ÿà ∑Ÿ √«¥∑√ß

Y stereoscope °≈âÕß¡Õß¿“æ∑√«¥∑√ß

Z stereoscopic vision °“√¡Õ߇ÀπÁ ¿“æ∑√«¥∑√ß

sterile ‡ªìπÀ¡π— , ª≈Õ¥‡™ÈÕ◊ , ª√“»®“°‡™ÕÈ◊ ¡“·≈–µ“¬

sterilise : sterilize ∑”„Àªâ √“»®“°‡™ÕÈ◊ , ∑”À¡π— stilt root √“°§”È

sterility  ¿“«–ª≈Õ¥‡™ÕÈ◊ , °“√‡ªìπÀ¡—π, °“√ stinging nettle µ”·¬µ«— ‡¡¬’ (¥Ÿ scratch brush)

∑’Ëæ◊™À√◊Õ —µ«å‰¡à “¡“√∂ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå‚¥¬„™â stink bug ¡«π‡¢¬’ «

‡™ÕÈ◊ ‡æ»‰¥â stink weed ¥“«‡√Õ◊ ßπâÕ¬ («™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ√Õâ π„π

sterilization °“√∑”„Àâª√“»®“°‡™◊ÈÕ, °“√  °ÿ≈ Tagestes patula, L.)

∑”À¡—π stipes °“â π¥Õ°∑‚’Ë º≈®à “°¥π‘ , °“â π„∫‡ø√î πå , °“â π

sterilized soil ¥‘π∑Ë’º“à π°“√¶à“‡™Õ◊È ‚√§·≈«â ¥Õ°‡À¥Á , ‡° √µ«— º´Ÿâ ßË÷ ¡°’ “â π‡ªπì ‡¬Õ◊Ë ∫“ßÊ

stick ‰¡§â Ë—π* ‡À𒬫 ·≈–¬◊¥À¬àÿπ‰¥â æ◊™∑Ë’¡’°â“π‡° √

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

283

·∫∫π’ȉ¥â·°à °≈⫬‰¡â„π °ÿ≈·«π¥â“À√◊Õ stool µÕ„ÀÀâ πÕà A
B
 °≈ÿ „°≈⇧¬’ ß stool-layering ¥Ÿ mound-layering C
D
stipilate ‡°‘¥∫π stipe stool shoot ÀπàÕ®“°µÕ E
F
stipulate ¡°’ “∫°â“π À√◊ÕÀ„Ÿ ∫ stop ®¥ÿ µ—¥∑Õπ* G
H
stipule À„Ÿ ∫ storage 1. °“√‡°∫Á √°— …“ 2.  ∂“π∑ˇ’ °Á∫√—°…“, I
J
stitchbolt  ≈—°°π— ‰¡·â µ°* (S. cross bolt) ‚√߇°Á∫, ‚°¥—ߺ≈º≈‘µ K
L
stock 1. µâπµÕ, µâπ‡≈È’¬ß,  «à π¢Õßæ◊™∑‡Ë’ Õ“ storage life Õ“¬ÿ°“«* M
N
µ“¡“µ‘¥À√◊Õ‡Õ“°‘Ëß¡“µàÕ 2. ª√‘¡“≥‰¡â storage losses °“√ Ÿ≠‡ ’¬º≈º≈‘µ√–À«à“ß O
P
„πªÉ“ 3. ¢Õ߇À≈«‡¢â¡¢âπ 4. °≈àÿ¡¢Õß °“√‡°Á∫√°— …“ Q
R
 —µ«å∑®Ë’ ¥— ‰«ºâ  ¡æπ— ∏åÿ storage tissue ‡πÕ◊È ‡¬Õ◊Ë  – ¡* (S. soft tissue) S
T
stock, to ‡°∫Á º≈º≈µ‘ , ‡°Á∫ – ¡‰«â stores, naval º≈µ‘ ¿≥— ±å¬“ß π* U
V
stock, dimension ‰¡‡â ≈◊ËÕ¬‰¥¢â π“¥* storey æ◊Èπ™—Èπ, ™—πÈ ¢Õ߇√Õ◊ π¬Õ¥ («π.) W
X
stock, nursery °≈“â ‰¡â„π ∂“π‡æ“–™”, ‡Àß“â storeyed : storied ‡ªìπ™πÈ— * Y
Z
stock board °√–¥“πÀπâ“¡“µ√∞“π* storeyed high forest ª“É  ßŸ À≈“¬æÈ◊π™È—π

Stockholm tar π”È ¡—π¥π‘ ‰¡â π* stork π°°“∫∫«— , π°°√– “

stocking §«“¡Àπ“·ππà ¢Õßµπâ µÕ («π.) stork, open-billed 𰪓°Àà“ß (π°„π °ÿ≈

stock taking °“√ ”√«®·®ßπ∫— ªÉ“‰¡â («π.) Anastomus oscitans)

stolon : stolonifer ‰À≈ª≈âÕß (≈”µπâ ∑’‡Ë ®√≠‘ storm, dry 擬øÿ Ñ“ºà“

µ“¡·π«√–¥—∫‰ª°—∫º‘«¥‘π µ√ߢâÕ®–¡’ storm, ice 擬ÿπ”È ·¢Áß

√“°‡°‘¥¢È÷π·≈–¬÷¥º‘«¥‘π‰«;â ¥Ÿ runner) stover ´“°¢Õßµâπ¢â“«‚æ¥À√◊բ⓫øÉ“ßÀ≈—ß

stoma : stomata 1. ª“°„∫ (™àÕß∂à“¬‡∑ ®“°∑˵’ ¥— ‡Õ“Ωí°ÕÕ°·≈â«

Õ“°“»·≈–‰ÕπÈ”¢Õß„∫ æ∫¡“°∫√‘‡«≥„µâ straddle-carrier : straddle truck √∂¬°

„∫ ¡’¢π“¥‡≈Á°¡“° ¡Õߥ⫬µ“‡ª≈à“‰¡à ·∫∫§√àÕ¡*

‡ÀπÁ ) 2. ª“° ( «.) straight grain ‡ ¬È’ πµ√ß*

stomach poison  “√ª√–‡¿∑°π‘ µ“¬ strain 1. §«“¡‡§√¬’ ¥* 2.  “¬æπ— ∏,åÿ  “¬‡≈Õ◊ ¥

stone 1. °Õâ πÀπ‘ , À‘πªŸπ„π‡πÕ◊È ‰¡â* 2. ª√—∫ [°≈ÿà¡¢Õßæ◊™À√◊Õ —µ«å„πæ—π∏åÿ‡¥’¬«°—π

√–¥—∫øπí ‡≈◊ËÕ¬* (S. top) (variety) ∑Ë’¡’√Ÿª√à“ß·µ°µà“ß°—π‡≈Á°πâÕ¬,

stone cell ‡´≈≈Àå π‘ * ¥Ÿ line]

stone fruit ¥Ÿ drupe strain, compressive §«“¡‡§√¬’ ¥®“°·√ßÕ¥— *

stone wort  “À√à“¬‰ø («—™æ◊™π”È „π °ÿ≈ strain, residual °“√Õ¬µàŸ «— ∂“«√* (S. perma-

Chora spp.) nent set)

stoniness  ¿“æ°Õâ πÀ‘πªπ, ≈°— …≥–Àπ‘ ‚º≈à strainer ‡§√◊ÕË ß°√Õß, µ–·°√ß°√Õß

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 284

A straining, rate of Õ—µ√“§«“¡‡§√’¬¥* stream erosion °“√°¥— °√àÕπ‚¥¬∏“√π”È
strength ·√ß*
B straite ¡‡’  πâ √Õà ß À√Õ◊  —π‡≈°Á Ê µ“¡¥â“𬓫 strength, bending ·√ߥ¥— *
strength, breaking ·√ߪ√–≈¬— *
C strake 1. ‚´√à ¥— ≈âÕ* (S. wheel girdle) 2. ‰¡â strength, compression ·√ßÕ¥— *
D strength, compressive ·√ßÕ—¥*
E ‡ª≈◊Õ°‡√◊Õ* strength, cross-breaking ·√ߥ—¥À°— *
strength, crushing ·√ßÕ¥— *
F strangulation °“√‡√àß√—¥¥Õ° strength, crushing (at elastic limit) ·√ß-
G strap ‡§‡∫≈‘  ÕßÀ*Ÿ
Õ—¥∑¢Ë’ ¥’ ¬¥◊ À¬àÿπ*
H strata ™È—π strength, crushing (at maximum load)

I strategy, fire ·ºπ°“√ âŸ‰ø ·√ßÕ¥—  Ÿß ¥ÿ *
strength, gel §«“¡·¢Áß·√ߢÕ߇®≈*
J strath terrace ≈“πµ–æ—°∑’ˇÀ≈◊Õ®“°°“√ strength, impact 1. ·√ß°√–·∑°* 2. §«“¡

K °—¥°√Õà π (ª∞.) ·¢Áß·√ßµàÕ·√ß°√–·∑°
ML stratification 1. °“√‡°¥‘ ‡ªìπ™—πÈ , ™È—πµ–°Õπ strength, maximum crushing ·√ßÕ¥—  ßŸ  ¥ÿ *
N (ª∞.) 2. °“√®—¥™—Èπ, ™«à ß™—Èπ 3. °“√√°— …“ strength, shear(ing) ·√߇©Õ◊ π*
O ‡¡≈Á¥æ—π∏ÿå strength, tensile ·√ߥ÷ß*
strength, ultimate ·√ߪ√–≈¬— *
P stratified random sample µ—«Õ¬à“ß ÿà¡ stress §«“¡‡§âπ*, §«“¡‡§√¬’ ¥
stress, allowable §«“¡‡§πâ ∑’ˬա‰¥â*
Q µ“à ß™«à ß™π—È stress, bearing §«“¡‡§πâ ®“°·√ßÕ¥— *
stress, bending §«“¡‡§âπ®“°°“√¥¥— *
R stratify ®¥— ‡√’¬ß‡ªπì ™πÈ— Ê, ®—¥‡√’¬ß‡¡≈¥Á æ◊™‰«â

S „π∑™’Ë ◊πÈ ·≈–‡¬Áπ (‡æÕ◊Ë ∑”≈“¬°“√æ°— µ«— )
T
U stratum ™—Èπ (¥Ÿ strata)

V straw ø“ß, ‡»…À≠â“·Àâß, ≈”µâπ¢â“«, À≈Õ¥
W ¥¥Ÿ ¢Õ߇À≈«

X strawberry  µ√Õ‡∫Õ√’Ë (‰¡âº≈„π °ÿ≈

Y Fragaria chiloensis, Done.)

Z straw line  “¬™«à ¬*

stray field heating °“√„À§â «“¡√Õâ π°√–®“¬* stress, case compression §«“¡‡§πâ ®“°°“√

streak ∫È—ß* (√Õ¬‡®“–¬“ß) ·¢ßÁ πÕ°*

streak, black ≈“¬¥”* stress, case-hardening §«“¡‡§âπ®“°°“√

streak, heart 1. ‰¡Ωâ πó ·√ßÕ¥— * 2. ≈“¬‰¡Ωâ óπ ·¢ßÁ πÕ°*

·√ßÕ¥— * stress, compression §«“¡‡§âπ®“°·√ßÕ¥— *

streak, mineral ≈“¬·∂∫ ·’ √à* stress, compressive §«“¡‡§âπ®“°·√ßÕ¥— *

streak, pitch ≈“¬¬“ßπÈ”¡—π‰¡â* stress, concentration §«“¡‡§âπ Ÿß‡©æ“–

streak, resin ≈“¬¬“ßπ”È ¡π— ‰¡*â ·Ààß*

streak, water √Õ¬™”È * stress, crushing §«“¡‡§πâ ®“°·√ßÕ¥—  ßŸ  ¥ÿ *

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

285

stress, design §«“¡‡§âπ„™âÕÕ°·∫∫* striate ‡ªìπ√È‘« ‡ªπì √àÕß À√◊Õ‡ªìπ∑“ß A
B
stress, drying §«“¡‡§πâ ∑‡’Ë °¥‘ ®“°°“√∑”·Àßâ * strict µß—È µ√ߢπÈ÷ C
stress, extreme fibre §«“¡‡§πâ ∑’ºË «‘ §“π* strigose ¡’¢π·¢Áß·À≈¡ ∫√‘‡«≥‚§π‚µ°«à“ D
stress, growth §«“¡‡§âπ®“°°“√‡µ∫‘ ‚µ* E
stress, maximum crushing §«“¡‡§âπ®“°  «à πª≈“¬ ≈Ÿà‡≈°Á πâÕ¬ F
strike, to ∑”„ÀâÕÕ°√“° G
·√ßÕ¥—  Ÿß ÿ¥* string measure «∏‘ «’ ¥— ·∫∫ “¬«—¥√Õ∫* H
stress, maximum (crushing; shear; ten- stringer 1. §“π*, √Õ¥* 2. §“π·æ* I
stringy rot °“√ºÿ‡ªπì ‡ πâ * J
sile; torsional) §«“¡‡§πâ  ßŸ  ¥ÿ * (°“√ strip 1. ‰¡Àâ π“â ·§∫* 2. ·π«™—°≈“°*, ·π« K
°¥, °“√‡©Õ◊ π, °“√¥ß÷ , °“√∫‘¥) L
stress, safe §«“¡‡§âπª≈Õ¥¿¬— * µ—¥øíπ* 3. ≈Õ°‡ª≈◊Õ°*, §«Ë—π≈Õ° M
stress, shearing §«“¡‡§πâ ®“°·√߇©◊Õπ* ‡ª≈◊Õ°°«“â ß* 4. √’¥π¡, ∫’∫À√Õ◊ √’¥ÕÕ° N
stress, swelling §«“¡‡§πâ ®“°°“√æÕßµ«— * „ÀâÀ¡¥ O
stress, tensile §«“¡‡§πâ ®“°°“√¥÷ß* strip, isolation ·∂∫°—π√Õ∫, ·π«°π— √Õ∫ P
stress, ultimate §«“¡‡§πâ ª√–≈—¬* strip, kill µ“¬‡ªπì ·∂∫ Q
stress, working §«“¡‡§âπ°“√„™ßâ “π* strip burning °“√‡º“‡ªπì ·π«* R
stress, relief treatment of «‘∏’°“√≈¥ strip count 1. °“√π—∫µ“¡¢π“¥* 2. °“√π—∫ S
§«“¡‡§πâ * ‡ªìπ·π«* T
stress, reversal of °“√ºπ— °≈∫— ¢Õߧ«“¡‡§πâ * strip cropping °“√ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™ ≈—∫·∂∫ [°“√ U
stress at 0.1 inch deformation §«“¡‡§âπ ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™‡ªìπ·∂∫¬“«¢«“ߧ«“¡≈“¥‡Õ’¬ß V
∑’°Ë “√‡ ’¬√ªŸ 0.1 πÈ«‘ * ¢ÕßæÈ◊π∑’Ë ·∂∫¢Õßæ◊Èπ∑’˪≈Ÿ°π’È°«â“ß·µ° W
stress at proportional limit §«“¡‡§πâ ∑’Ë¢’¥ µà“ß°—π  à«π¡“°°“√ª≈Ÿ°‡°◊Õ∫®–¢π“π X
®”°¥— §◊π√Ÿª* °∫— ‡ πâ √–¥∫— ¢Õ∫‡π‘π (contour line)] Y
stress crack √Õ¬·µ°∫πº‘«º—° º≈‰¡â À√Õ◊ strip cropping, buffer °“√ª≈°Ÿ æ◊™ ≈—∫‡ªìπ Z
‡¡≈Á¥∏—≠æ◊™‡πË◊Õß®“°°“√‡ª≈Ë’¬π·ª≈ß ·∂∫´÷ËßµâÕß°“√©π«π [„π°√≥’∑Ë’æÈ◊π∑Ë’¡’
Õ≥ÿ À¿¡Ÿ ‘À√◊Õ§«“¡¥—𠧫“¡≈“¥‡∑‰¡à ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ®–µâÕß·°â·∂∫
stressed-skin construction °“√ª√–°Õ∫ ¢Õß°“√ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™„Àâ¢π“π°—π ‚¥¬·°â®“°
·∫∫º«‘ √—∫§«“¡‡§âπ* ‡ âπ√–¥—∫‡ âπ∫π≈ß¡“ ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ –¥«°„π
stress grading √–∫∫§«“¡‡§πâ * °“√„™â‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ‰∂æ√«π„π∫√‘‡«≥©π«π
stress relaxation °“√ºÕà π§≈“¬§«“¡‡§πâ * (buffer) ¡—°®–ª≈Ÿ°À≠â“À√◊Õæ◊™µ√–°Ÿ≈
∂—«Ë ≈߉ªÕ¬à“ß∂“«√]

stress section ™π‘È ∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡‡§âπ* strip cropping, contour °“√ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™ ≈—∫

stress system √–∫∫§«“¡‡§πâ * ‡ªìπ·∂∫µ“¡·π«√–¥∫— ( «à π¡“°®– ≈—∫

stress value, basic §“à §«“¡‡§âπ¡≈Ÿ ∞“π* °—π„π√–∫∫°“√ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™À¡πÿ ‡«¬’ π)

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 286

A strip cropping, field °“√ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™ ≈—∫‡ªìπ strobilus Õ«¬— «–√Ÿª°√«¬´Ë÷߇ªπì ∑ËÕ’ ¬à¢Ÿ Õß «à π
 ∫◊ æ—π∏åÿ„πæ◊™æ«° π ª√ß œ≈œ
B ·∂∫Õ¬à“ß¡’√–‡∫’¬∫¢π“π°—π‰ª µ—¥¢«“ß
stroll method (of planting) «‘∏’°“√ª≈Ÿ°
C §«“¡≈“¥‡∑‚¥¬‰¡à§¥‡§’Ȭ«‰ªµ“¡‡ âπ √–À«à“ß·π«°Õß
D
E √–¥∫— ¡—°∑”„πæ◊πÈ ∑’≈Ë ¡àÿ Ê ¥ÕπÊ ¡“°) strong crotch ß“à ¡¡¡ÿ °«â“ß
structural timber ‰¡‚â §√ß √“â ß* (S. timber;
F strip cropping, wind °“√ª≈°Ÿ æ◊™‡ªπì ·∂∫
G ‡æ◊ËÕªÑÕß°—π≈¡ [§«“¡°«â“ߢÕß·∂∫ª≈Ÿ° construction timber)
structural veneer ‰¡∫⠓ߪ√–°Õ∫‚§√ß √“â ß*
H æ™◊ ¡¢’ π“¥·ππà Õπ ·µªà ≈°Ÿ ¢«“ß∑»‘ ∑“ß≈¡ structure ‚§√ß √â“ßÀ√◊Õ√Ÿª√à“ß„π°“√‡°“–

I π‘¬¡„™â„π∑Ë’Ê ¡’§«“¡≈“¥‡∑πâÕ¬ ·≈–¡’ ‡√¬’ ßµ«— ¢ÕßÕπÿ¿“§¥‘π (ª∞.)
structureless ·∫∫‰¡ªà √“°Æ‚§√ß √“â ß (ª∞.)
J °…—¬°“√‚¥¬≈¡ (wind erosion) ‡°‘¥¢È÷π structure of flower ≈—°…≥– à«πª√–°Õ∫

K ¡“°] ¢Õߥհ µ≈Õ¥®π°“√®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫¢Õß
L  à«πµà“ßÊ ∑Ë’ª√–°Õ∫¢πÈ÷ ‡ªìπ¥Õ°
M strip cutting °“√∂“߇ªìπ·π«* strut ‡ “*, ‰¡â§”È ¬—πÕ‚ÿ ¡ß§å* (S. pit prop)
St. Thomasûs bean  –∫â“,  –∫â“„À≠à,  –∫â“
N striped crotalaria À‘ßË À“¬ (¥Ÿ smooth rattle ¡Õ≠ (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Entada phaseoloides,
O pod) Merr.)
stub ‰¡â¬◊πµâπ, µÕ*, µÕ°ßË‘ ´÷Ë߇°¥‘ ®“°°“√µ—¥
P striped stack °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫‚ª√ßà * °Ë‘ßÀ√◊Õ≈”µâπÕÕ°, ¢ÕπÀ√◊ÕµÕ„µâπ”È
(S. stump)
Q stripe figure ≈“¬·∂∫* stub, to ¢ÿ¥µÕ
stub out, to ¢¥ÿ µÕ
R strip heating °“√„À⧫“¡√Õâ π‡ªπì ·π«* stubble µÕ´—ßæ™◊ (∑‡’Ë À≈◊Õ®“°°“√‡°∫Á ‡°Ë’¬«)
stubble mulch °“√§≈ÿ¡¥‘π¥â«¬‡»…æ™◊
S stripling ‰¡â«¬— √ÿàπ‡µ√’¬¡ª≈°Ÿ stud æÕà æ—π∏(åÿ  µ— «)å ,  ∂“π∑‡’Ë ≈Ȭ’ ß —µ«å∑”æπ— ∏åÿ
T stud(ding) ‰¡§â √“à «*, ‰¡‡â ≈°Á ¬Õà ¬* (S. scant-
U strip mine : open pit mine ‡À¡◊Õ߇ªî¥, ling)
stump µÕ*, µâπæ◊™∑Ë’∂Ÿ°µ—¥‡À≈◊Õ·µàµÕ‡æË◊Õ
V ‡À¡Õ◊ ßÀ“∫  –¥«°„π°“√𔉪ª≈Ÿ°, ‡Àß“â (S. stub)
W stripper 1. ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ π´Õ¬* 2. ‡§√ÕË◊ ß∂“ß* stump, to ¢¥ÿ µÕ*, ·µßà ‡Àßâ“
stumpage 1. ‰¡â¬◊πµâπ* 2. §à“‰¡â¬◊πµâπ*,
X stripping 1. °“√°Õß·∫∫‚ª√àß* 2. °“√‡≈Õ◊ ° §à“∏√√¡‡π’¬¡√“¬µâπ*

Y µ—¥, °“√‡øÑπµ—¥‡ªìπ·π«* 3. °“√≈Õ°

Z ‡ª≈◊Õ°‡ªìπ·∂∫*, °“√∑√¡“πæ◊™ (‡æ◊ËÕ

„Àâæ◊™ÕÕ°¥Õ°‚¥¬°“√µ—¥‡Õ“‡ª≈◊Õ°

ÕÕ°‡ªìπ·∂∫µ“¡¬“« „Àâ·º≈°«â“ß
ª√–¡“≥ 1/2 πÈ‘« ¬“«ª√–¡“≥ 2 π‘«È „Àâ
√Õ¬Àà“ß°—π 1/2 π‘È«) 4. °“√∫’∫À√◊Õ√’¥

π¡„ÀâÀ¡¥®πÀ¬¥ ¥ÿ ∑“â ¬ ( «.)

strip road ∑“ß≈”≈Õß*, ∑“ߪŸ≈“¥µ“¡·π«

≈Õâ *

strip system √–∫∫µ—¥‡ªìπ·∂∫

strobile ¥Ÿ cone

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

287

stump analysis °“√«‘‡§√“–Àµå Õ §Õà π¢“â ßµ”Ë A
B
stump figure ≈“¬µÕ‰¡â* subinferior ‡°◊Õ∫Õ¬Ÿà¢â“ß„µâ („™â°—∫√—߉¢à∑Ë’Õ¬Ÿà C
D
stump height §«“¡ Ÿß¢ÕßµÕ* ‡°Õ◊ ∫„µ â à«π¢Õߥհ) E
F
stump jumper ‡§√ËÕ◊ ߢ¥ÿ µÕ* submarine bar  π— ¥Õπ„µâ∑–‡≈ G
H
stump plant ‡Àßâ“ submergence °“√¢—ßπÈ”,  ¿“æπ”È ¢ß— , ∫√‘‡«≥ I
J
stump scale 1. °“√À“ª√‘¡“µ√®“°µÕ* πÈ”∑–‡≈∑à«¡∂÷ß K
L
2. ª√¡‘ “µ√°Õ߉¡‡â ¬Ë◊Õ∑µË’ Õ* subpetiolar „µâ°â“π„∫ ª√°µ‘∂Ÿ°Àÿâ¡‚¥¬∞“π M
N
stump wood 1. ‰¡â®“°µÕ* 2. µÕ‰¡â π* °“â π„∫ O
P
3. ‰¡â°Õß∑µ’Ë Õ* ( ”À√—∫∑”‡¬◊ËÕ) subpetiolar bud µ“∑∞’Ë “π°“â π„∫§√àÕ¡Õ¬Ÿà Q
R
stunning ∑”„Àâ ≈∫, ∑”„ÀâÀ¡¥ µ‘ subsere °“√ ◊∫≈”¥—∫™È—π Õß (≈”¥—∫°“√ S
T
stunt ·§√–·°√Áπ, ßπ— , ∑”„Àâ·§√–·°√πÁ , °“√ ∑¥·∑π¢Õß™ÿ¡™πæ◊™∑Ë’‡°‘¥¢È÷π∫πæÈ◊π∑Ë’´Ë÷ß U
V
‡≈àπ‚≈¥‚ºπ ‡§¬ª°§≈¡ÿ ¥â«¬™¡ÿ ™πæ◊™¡“°àÕπ ·≈â«∂Ÿ° W
X
sturdy ·¢Áß·√ß, ∑π∑“π ∑”≈“¬À√◊Õ∂Ÿ°√∫°«π ·µà¬—߇À≈◊Õ à«π Y
Z
stylar ‡°¬’Ë «¢Õâ ß°—∫°â“π™¬Ÿ Õ¥‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬  ◊∫æ—π∏¢ÿå Õßæ◊™‡¥‘¡Õ¬àŸ∫“â ß) (π«.)

style °“â π™¬Ÿ Õ¥‡° √µ«— ‡¡’¬, °“√¢¬“¬µ«— ¢Õß subshrub æ™◊ ∂“«√∑¡’Ë æ’ ÿ¡à ‡µÈ’¬¡“°

‡° √µ«— ‡¡’¬ subsidence °“√¬∫ÿ µ—«, °“√∑√ÿ¥µ—«

styloid crystal º≈÷°·∑à߬“«* subsidiary cell ‡´≈≈ºå ‘«∑Ë’‡°‘¥≈âÕ¡√Õ∫‡´≈≈å

stylopodium  à«π∑’Ë¢¬“¬„À≠àÕÕ°µ√ß∞“π §¡ÿ (guard cells)

¢Õß°â“π™Ÿ¬Õ¥‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬¡’≈—°…≥– subsistence crop æ™◊ ∑’˪≈Ÿ°‡æË◊Õ„™â∫√‘‚¿§‡Õß

§≈⓬®“π subsistence farming °“√‡°…µ√·∫∫¬ß— ™’æ

sub- „µ,â √Õß subsoil ¥π‘ ≈“à ß, ¥π‘ ™π—È ≈“à ß (‡ªπì  «à π¢Õß solum

subangular blocky ·∫∫°Õâ π‡À≈¬’Ë ¡¢Õ∫¡π ∑ÕË’ ¬Ÿà„µâ¥π‘ ™Èπ— ‰∂æ√«π)

sub-compartment µÕπ·∫ßà ¬àÕ¬ sobsoiler ‰∂¥‘π¥“π

sub-dominant ‰¡â™—πÈ ‡¥àπ√Õß sobsoiler, compressed air ‰∂¥π‘ ¥“π∑’Ë∑”„Àâ

subequal ‡°Õ◊ ∫‡∑à“°π— ¥‘ π · µ ° ‚ ¥ ¬ „ ™â °” ≈— ß Õ “ ° “ » Õ— ¥ ® “ °

suberin  “√∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–§≈⓬¢’ȺÈ÷ß æ∫„π‰¡â §Õ¡‡æ√ ‡´Õ√å

§Õ√å§ sobsoiler, towing type ‰∂¥π‘ ¥“π·∫∫„™·â √ß

suberization °“√¡ ’ “√æ«° ∫ÿ √’ π‘ ‡§≈Õ◊ ∫º«‘ √“° ©¥ÿ ≈“°®“°·∑√°‡µÕ√å

subherbaceous ‰¡‡â π◊ÕÈ ÕàÕπ∑‡Ë’ ¡◊ÕË Õ“¬¡ÿ “°¢πÈ÷ sobsoiler, vibration ‰∂¥‘π¥“π∑¡Ë’ ’°“√ —Ëπ„π

®–°≈“¬‡ªπì ‰¡â‡π◊ÈÕ·¢ßÁ ·π«√“∫·≈–·π«¥Ë‘ß ‚¥¬∂à“¬∑Õ¥°”≈—ß

sub humid §Õà π¢“â ß™à¡ÿ ™È◊𠇪ìπ·À≈ßà ∑’Ë¡’Ωπ ®“°‡æ≈“Õ”π«¬°”≈—ß

µ°™ÿ°ª“π°≈“ß ·µà¡’Õ—µ√“°“√√–‡À¬ subsoiling °“√‰∂æ√«π„µâº«‘ ¥π‘

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 288

A substance §«“¡Àπ“¢Õߥհ‰¡â ¡“° ‚§πµâπ‡ªìπ‰¡‡â π◊ÕÈ ·¢Áß  à«π¬Õ¥‡ªπì
‰¡‡â πÕÈ◊ ÕÕà π)
B substitute fibre ‡ πâ „¬∑¥·∑π suffruticose ‰¡·â §√– (¥Ÿ suffrutescent)
sugarcane ÕâÕ¬ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Saccharum
C substrate Õ“À“√∑’Ë„™â‡≈È’¬ß®ÿ≈‘π∑√’¬å,  “√∑’Ë officinarum, L.)
D sugar refractometer ‡§√Ë◊Õß«—¥‡ªÕ√凴Áπµå
E ‡Õπ‰´¡å‡¢â“∑”ªØ°‘ √‘ ¬‘ “ π”È µ“≈‚¥¬Õ“»—¬°“√À—°‡À¢Õß· ß
suint §√“∫µ¥‘ ¢π·°– [§√“∫ (‡ÀßÕË◊ ‰§≈, ‡°≈Õ◊
F substratum ™—πÈ «µ— ∂µÿ â𰔇𑥥‘π œ≈œ) ¥ß— °≈“à «¡’ NPK ‡ªìπ «à πª√–°Õ∫
G subsurface ¥π‘ ∫πµÕπ≈à“ß ‡ ¡◊Ë Õ   °— ¥ ¥â « ¬ µ— « ∑” ≈ – ≈ “ ¬ ® – ‡ ªì π
º≈æ≈Õ¬‰¥â∑Ë’„™∑â ”≈“‚π≈‘π·≈–ªÜÿ¬‰¥]â
H subsurface tillage °“√‰∂æ√«π„µâº«‘ ¥π‘ suitability §«“¡‡À¡“– ¡
sul-ammo (∑—∫»—æ∑å), ‡ªπì º≈æ≈Õ¬‰¥¢â Õß
I subtend Õ¬àŸ„µâÀ√◊Õ√Õß√∫— Õ¬àŸ Õÿµ “À°√√¡°√–¥“… ¡’·Õ¡‚¡‡π’¬¡
´—≈‰ø¥å‡ªìπÕߧåª√–°Õ∫ ¡’º≈µ°§â“ß
J subterranean termite ª≈«°„µ¥â π‘ * ‡ªπì °√¥®ß÷ ‡À¡“–∑®Ë’ –„™‡â ªπì ª¬ÿÜ „π¥π‘ ¥à“ß
sulcate ¡√’ àÕ߉ªµ“¡¥â“𬓫
K subtropic ™“¬‡¢µ√âÕπ sulfate of ammonia À¡“¬∂÷ß·Õ¡‚¡‡π’¬¡
L ´≈— ‡øµ
M subvalvate ‡√¬’ ßµ«— °—π§≈⓬·∫∫ valvet sulfate of lime À¡“¬∂ß÷ ·§≈‡´’¬Ë ¡´—≈‡øµ
sulfate of potash À¡“¬∂÷ß‚æ·∑ ‡´Ë’¬¡
N subulate √Ÿª§≈“â ¬À“ß ´—≈‡øµ
O succession °“√ ◊∫≈”¥∫— (π«.) sulfate of potash magnesia À¡“¬∂ß÷ ‚æ·∑ -

P succession of crops °“√ª≈°Ÿ æ™◊ µ“¡ƒ¥„Ÿ À≥â

Q º≈º≈‘µµàÕ‡π◊ËÕß°—π, °“√ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™Õ“¬ÿ È—π

R 2 ™π‘¥À√◊Õ¡“°°«“à )

S succulent Õ«∫π”È
T
U sucker 1. ÀπàÕ, ‡Àßâ“, ÀπàÕ∑’ˇ°‘¥∫π≈”µâπ

V ‡Àπ◊Õ¥‘π·≈–Õ¬àŸ„µâ slip ≈ß¡“ (¥Ÿ crown)
W 2. ª“°¥¥Ÿ (°’Ø.)

X sucking root √“°‡∫¬’ π

Y suckle „Àâ≈°Ÿ °‘ππ¡, ¥¥Ÿ π¡

Z suckling ≈Ÿ° µ— «å∑ËÕ’ “¬ÿÕ¬Ÿà„π™«à ߥ¥Ÿ π¡, ∑’Ë¥Ÿ¥

π¡ ‡´Ë’¬¡·¡°π’‡´¬Ë’ ¡´≈— ‡øµ

suction §«“¡‡§√¬’ ¥, °“√¥¥Ÿ sulfofication °“√·ª√ ¿“æ¢ÕßÕ‘π∑√’¬å

suction head §«“¡¥π— ∑“ߥ“â π¥¥Ÿ ¢Õ߇§√Õ◊Ë ß °”¡–∂π—

 ∫Ÿ sulfur-coated urea : SCU ¬Ÿ‡√’¬‡§≈◊Õ∫

suction lift √–¬–∑“ß®“°®ÿ¥»Ÿπ¬å°≈“߇§√◊ÕË ß °”¡–∂—π (ªÜÿ¬≈–≈“¬™â“™π‘¥ÀπË÷ß ‰¥â®“°

 Ÿ∫„π·π«¥Ëß‘ ‰ª¬ß— º‘«π”È °“√æàπ≈–ÕÕß°”¡–∂—π‡À≈« ‰ª‡§≈◊Õ∫

suction stroke ™à«ß™—°„π®—ßÀ«–¥Ÿ¥¢Õ߇§√Õ◊Ë ß º‘«‡¡Á¥ªÿܬ¬Ÿ‡√’¬´÷Ëߺà“π°“√ª√—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘

 Ÿ∫À√◊Õ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¬πµå „Àâ Ÿß)

suffrutescent ‰¡·â §√– (‰¡∂â “«√∑’¡Ë ¢’ 𓥇µ¬È’ sulfur cycle «Ø— ®—°√°”¡–∂—π

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

289

sulky ≈Õâ ≈“°‰¡*â supine ·º√à “∫‚¥¬À—πÀπâ“¢πÈ÷ ¢â“ß∫π A
B
summer lilac √“™“«¥ ’ ¡’ «à ß (‰¡ªâ √–¥∫— „π °≈ÿ supplement  à«π‡ √‘¡ (‡™àπ ∏“µÿÕ“À“√∑Ë’ C
D
Buddleja davidii, Franch) ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡®“°∑Ë’¡’Õ¬àŸ∫â“ß·≈â« ‡æË◊Õ„À≥â√—∫ E
F
summer wood ‡πÕ◊È ‰¡âª≈“¬ƒ¥Ÿ* ∏“µÕÿ “À“√§√∫∫√∫‘ √Ÿ ≥å), Õ“À“√‡ √¡‘ G
H
summit ¬Õ¥ Ÿß ÿ¥ supplemental pastures ∑ÿàßÀ≠“â ™«—Ë §√“«∑’Ë„™â I
J
sump ∂ß— ∫√√®¢ÿ Õ߇À≈«À√◊Õ°÷ËߢÕ߇À≈« ‡≈È’¬ß —µ«å„π¢≥–∑Ë’∑ÿàßÀ≠â“∂“«√µ“¬À√◊Õ K
L
sunbird π°°π‘ ª≈’ (π°„π °≈ÿ Anthreptes sp.) ‰¡àÕ“®„ÀâÕ“À“√·°à —µ«å‰¥â Õ“®‡ªìπ∑àÿß M
N
sun crack ‡¡≈Á¥¢â“«À—°√â“«‡πË◊Õß®“°ª≈àÕ¬ À≠â“∑’ˇ°‘¥¢È÷πµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘À√◊Õ‡ªìπ∑ÿàßπ“ O
P
∑Èß‘ ‰«πâ “π‡°π‘ ‰ª ∑Ë’¬ß— ¡µ’ Õ´ß— ¡“°æÕ ”À√—∫‡ªπì Õ“À“√ —µ«å Q
R
sunflower ∑“πµ–«π— (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Helianthus À√◊ÕÕ“®‡ªìπµâπÕàÕπ¢Õß∏—≠æ◊™∫“ß™π‘¥ S
T
annuus, L.) ‡™πà º—°‡∫¬È’ À√Õ◊ æ◊™µ√–°≈Ÿ ∂Ë«— ÕËπ◊ Ê °Á‰¥â U
V
sunken joint √Õ¬µÕà ∫ãÿ¡* supply, to ª≈°Ÿ ´àÕ¡ W
X
sunnhemp ªÕ‡∑Õ◊ ß (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Crotaralia suppressed ¡’¢π“¥·≈–√Ÿª√à“߉¡à™—¥, ∂Ÿ°¢à¡ Y
Z
juncea, L.) ∫—ߧ∫—

sunscald ‰¡âµ“¬¿“§, ·º≈·¥¥‡º“ surface ·µßà º«‘ *

sunscald, winter ·º≈·¥¥‡º“ƒ¥ŸÀπ“« surface, neutral √–π“∫‡ªìπ°≈“ß*

superface foot µ“√“ßøÿµ* surface check √Õ¬ª√µ‘ “¡º‘«*

super(ficial) foot : sup. ft. ´Ÿ‡ªÕ√åøÿµ* surface-dry º«‘ ·Àßâ *

(Àπ૬) surfaced timber ‰¡â‰ ·≈«â * (S. dressed tim-

superficial measure °“√«—¥æÈ◊π∑ºË’ «‘ Àπ“â * ber, wrot, wrought)

superflous moisture §«“¡™È◊π‡°π‘ ®”‡ªìπ surface hardening  ¿“溑«¥Õ◊È πÈ”¬“*

superheated steam seasoning °“√∑”„Àâ surface measure °“√«¥— æπÈ◊ ∑Ë’º«‘ Àπ“â *

·Àâߥ«â ¬‰ÕπÈ”Õÿ≥À¿¡Ÿ ‘ Ÿß* surface sealing º«‘ ¥π‘ Õÿ¥µ—π

superior Õ¬Ÿ‡à ÀπÕ◊ °«à“À√Õ◊  Ÿß°«“à surface soil ¥‘π∫π, ¥‘π™πÈ— ∫π,  à«π∫π¢Õß

superior ovary √—߉¢∑à Ë’‡°‘¥Õ¬Ÿà‡Àπ◊Õ°≈∫’ √Õß ¥‘π∑Ë’„™∑â ”°“√‡æ“–ª≈Ÿ° (arable soil) ≈°÷

°≈’∫¥Õ° ·≈–‡° √µ—«ºŸâ ª√–¡“≥ 5-8 π‘«È

supernumerary ¥Ÿ colateral surface storage ·Õßà πÈ”∫πæ◊Èπº‘«¥‘π

superovulation °“√µ°‰¢à‡°π‘ ª√°µ,‘ °“√∑¡Ë’ ’ surface treatment «‘∏’°“√Õ“∫º‘«*

‰¢µà °À≈“¬„∫ surface-volume ratio Õ—µ√“ à«πº‘«Àπ⓵àÕ

superposed µ“∑Õ’Ë ¬Ÿ¥à “â π¢“â ßµ—ßÈ ·µà 2 µ“¢÷Èπ‰ª ª√¡‘ “µ√

‡°¥‘ ‡√’¬ß°—π„π·π«¥‘ßË surface water πÈ”º«‘ ¥π‘

superpressed ·√ßÕ¥—  Ÿß* surfactants  “√≈¥§«“¡µß÷ º‘«¢Õ߇À≈«

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 290

A surround : surround buffer ·π«°—π√Õ∫ swage set øπí ∫“π*
swallow : martin π°π“ß·Õàπ (π°„π«ß»å
B survey, cadestral °“√ ”√«®·≈–∫—π∑÷°
Hirundinidae)
C °√√¡ ∑‘ ∏Ï‘„π∑¥Ë’ π‘ swamp 1. ¡“∫, ∑Ë≈’ ÿ¡à ™πÈ◊ ·©–, ∑’≈Ë ¡àÿ πÈ”¢ß— , æ√ÿ
D
E survey, detailed °“√ ”√«®·∫∫≈–‡Õ¬’ ¥ 2. ·º«â ∂“ß*
swamp fern ª√ß∑–‡≈(æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Aerostichum
F survey, enumeration °“√ ”√«®·®ßπ∫— ª“É ‰¡â
G survey, forest °“√ ”√«®ªÉ“‰¡â aureum, L.)
swamp hook ¢Õª≈“¬‚´à*
H survey, line-plot °“√ ”√«®·∫∫·ª≈ßµ“¡·π« sward æπÈ◊ À≠â“, ¥‘π™π—È ∫π∑Ë’ª–ªπÀ√Õ◊ ‡µÁ¡‰ª

I survey, soil conservation °“√ ”√«®Õπÿ√—°…å ¥â«¬√“°·≈–≈”µâπ¢Õßæ◊™∑’ˇ®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ
Õ¬Ÿà„°≈âÊ º«‘ ¥‘π‚¥¬‡©æ“–æ«°À≠“â
J ¥π‘ swarm °“√√«¡°≈ÿà¡ (¢Õß·¡≈ß)
swatch ‰¡â∫“ßµ—«Õ¬à“ß*
K survey, strip °“√ ”√«®·∫∫·π« sway bar §“πæà«ß*
L sweat ‡ÀßÕ◊Ë , ‡Àß◊ÕË ÕÕ°, ¢∫— ‡Àß◊ÕË
M susceptibility ‰¡¡à §’ «“¡µ“â π∑“π‚√§, ÕÕà π·Õ sweating Õ“°“√∑Ë’¡’¢Õ߇À≈«´÷¡ÕÕ°¡“®“°
º≈‰¡â¡“‡°“–Õ¬àŸµ“¡º«‘ (‡°‘¥®“°°“√¬â“¬
N µàÕ‚√§ º≈‰¡®â “°·À≈ßà ‡°∫Á ∑¡Ë’ Õ’ ≥ÿ À¿¡Ÿ µ‘ Ë”‰ª¬ß— ∑ÊË’
O susceptible ‰¡à¡’§«“¡µâ“π∑“π‚√§, µ‘¥‚√§ ¡Õ’ ÿ≥À¿¡Ÿ  ‘ ߟ )
Swedish turnip rape º—°‚¢¡Àπ‘ (æ™◊ „π °ÿ≈
P ßà“¬ Brassica napus, L.)
sweep  à«π‚°àß* (≈”µπâ , ´ßÿ )
Q susceptible, moderately §àÕπ¢“â ߉¡à¡§’ «“¡ sweet basil ‚À√–æ“, ·¡ß≈—° (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈

R µâ“π∑“π‚√§

S susceptible, very ‰¡¡à §’ «“¡µâ“π∑“π‚√§‡≈¬
T
U suspending agent  “√‡ √‘¡ ¿“æ·¢«π≈Õ¬

V suspension  “√·¢«π≈Õ¬
W suspensor °“â π¢Õߧ—æ¿–‡¡Õ◊Ë ·√°‡°‘¥

X sustainable agriculture ‡°…µ√°√√¡¬Ë—߬◊π

Y (‡°…µ√°√√¡∑Ë’º ¡º “π‡∑§‚π‚≈¬’°“√

Z ®—¥°“√¥‘π·≈–æ◊™‡æË◊Õ°“√º≈‘µÕ“À“√·≈–

‡ âπ„¬∑Ë’¡’§ÿ≥¿“æ ¢≥–‡¥’¬«°—π°Á Ocimum basilicum, L.)

 “¡“√∂§ß ¿“æÀ√◊Õª√—∫ª√ÿߺ≈º≈‘µ¥‘π sweet corn ¢â“«‚æ¥À«“π (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Zea

‡æ‘Ë¡æŸπ°”‰√ ·≈–√—°…“§ÿ≥¿“æ ‘Ëß mays, var. saccharata, Boiley)

·«¥≈Õâ ¡∑¥’Ë ’‰«â¥«â ¬) sweet flag «“à ππ”È (æ™◊ „π °ÿ≈ Acorus cala-

suture µ–‡¢Á∫, √Õ¬‡™Ë◊Õ¡µàÕ¢Õߺ≈∫“ß™π‘¥ mus, L.)

suture, dorsal µ–‡¢Á∫¥â“π∫π sweet pea ∂Ë—«ÀÕ¡ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Lathyrus

suture, ventral µ–‡¢Á∫¥“â π≈“à ß odoratus, L.)

swage(r) §—¥™πÿ ∫’∫ (S. jumper, upset) sweet potato ¡—π‡∑» (æ™◊ „π °ÿ≈ Ipomoea

swage saw ‡≈◊ÕË ¬¢Õ∫≈“¥Àπ“â ‡¥’¬«* batatas, Lamk.)

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

291

sweetsop : sugar apple πâÕ¬Àπà“ (‰¡âº≈„π sylvite (∑—∫»—æ∑)å , ·√à‚æ·µ™ (KCl) ‡ªπì º≈÷° A
 °≈ÿ Annona squamosa, L.) ‰¡à¡’ ’ ‡ªìπ«—µ∂ÿ¥‘∫ ”§—≠„π°“√º≈‘µªÿܬ B
‚æ·∑ ‡´’ˬ¡§≈Õ‰√¥å·≈–ªÜÿ¬‚æ·µ™™π‘¥ C
sweet wivels field ·°â«≈◊¡«“ß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ ÕπË◊ Ê D
Dianthus chinensis, L.) E
symbiosis °“√Õ“»¬— Õ¬àŸ√à«¡°π— (¢Õß ß‘Ë ¡’™’«µ‘ F
swell-butted ‚§πæÕß* (S. barrel-butted, ‡™àπ ·∫§∑‡’ √’¬„πª¡∂Ë—«, lichens œ≈œ) G
churn-butted) H
symbiotic ´Ë÷ß¡¿’ “«–°“√Õ¬√àŸ «à ¡°π— I
swelling °“√¢¬“¬µ«— symmetric : symmetrical : symmetry J
swelling stress §«“¡‡§âπ®“°°“√æÕßµ—«* K
swift, tree π°·ÕàπøÑ“ (π°„π«ß»å Hemip- 1.  ¡¡“µ√* 2. ¥Ÿ actinomorphic flower L
sympetalous °≈∫’ ¥Õ°‡°¥‘ µ¥‘ °—π M
procnidae) symphysis °“√‡™◊ËÕ¡µ‘¥°—π¢Õß à«π∑’ˇÀ¡◊Õπ N
swift, true π°π“ß·Õπà O
swiftlet π°π“ß·Õàπ (π°„π«ß»å Apodidae) °—πÀ√Õ◊ ™π‘¥‡¥¬’ «°—πµÈ—ß·µà¡°’ “√·ª√√ªŸ „π P
swine  ÿ°√ µÕπ·√° Q
swing ¡ÿ¡ à“¬* (S. slew) sympodial °“√‡®√‘≠∑“ߥâ“π¢“â ß‚¥¬°“√·µ° R
swing-dingle 1. ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬™π¥‘ Àπß÷Ë 2. §“π¬° ÀπàÕ„π√–¥—∫‡¥’¬«°π— ‡™àπ °≈⫬‰¡â °ÿ≈ S
À«“¬ ·§∑≈’¬“ ·≈– ÕÕπ´’‡¥¬È’ ¡ ‡ªìπµâπ T
µ¥‘ √∂* symptom  ¡Øÿ ∞“π, Õ“°“√¢Õß‚√§ U
swinging °“√¬“â ¬À¡Õπ‰¡*â (¥«â ¬ “¬‡§‡∫≈‘ ) synandrium Õ∫— ‡√≥‡Ÿ °¥‘ µ¥‘ √«¡°π— Õ¬°àŸ ∫—  «à π V
swinging cross-cut saw ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬·¢«π* Õ◊πË Ê ¢Õ߇° √µ«— ºŸâ æ∫„πæ™◊ ∫“ßµ√–°Ÿ≈ W
swingle-bar : s(w)ingle tree ·Õ°πâÕ¬* ‡™àπ Aroids X
synapsis °“√®—∫§Ÿà°—π√–À«à“ß homologous Y
(S. whipple-tree) chromosomes „π¢—Èπ prophase ¢Õß Z
swing saw ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬·¢«π* meiosis
swirl figure : swirl grain ≈“¬«π* syncarpous ¡æ’ √Ÿ ß— ‰¢à (carpel) ‡™◊ËÕ¡µ¥‘ °—π
switch tie ‰¡âÀ¡Õπª√–·®* syncline ™πÈ— À‘π‚§âß√ªŸ ª√–∑ÿπÀß“¬
sword ¢Õ‡°’ˬ« “¬«¥— * synconium º≈∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“°°“√¢¬“¬µ—«¢Õß
sword bean ∂—«Ë æ√“â (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Canavalia ∞“π¥Õ°∑”„À⇰‘¥≈—°…≥–‡ªπì ‚æ√ß ¥Õ°
®–‡°‘¥Õ¬¢Ÿà “â ß„π‚æ√ßπÈ’ ‡™àπ º≈¡–‡¥◊ËÕ
gladiata, DC.) syndrome ≈°— …≥–Õ“°“√‡©æ“–¢Õß‚√§
sword fern ‡øî√åπº—°°Ÿ¥ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ synecology  —ߧ¡π‘‡«»«‘∑¬“ (°“√»÷°…“∂÷ß
§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß°≈àÿ¡¢Õß ‘Ëß¡’™’«‘µ
Nepholepis exalata, Schoot) °∫—  Ë‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡)
sword sucker ÀπàÕ°≈⫬„∫·§∫
sylvinite (∑∫— »—æ∑)å , ·√à™π¥‘ ÀπËß÷ ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬

´‘≈‰«∑å (KCl) ·≈–Œ“‰≈∑å (NaCl) „™â
‡ªìπ«—µ∂ÿ¥‘∫„π°“√º≈‘µªÜÿ¬‚æ·∑ ‡´’ˬ¡
§≈Õ‰√¥å

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√ 292

A synergids π«‘ ‡§≈¬’   2 Õ—π ‡°‘¥Õ¬¢àŸ â“ß egg §¥— ‡≈◊Õ°
syringing °“√„™πâ È”™–‡Õ“·¡≈ßÀ√Õ◊ ‚√§ÕÕ°
B cell „π embryo sac
®“°µπâ æ◊™
C synergist  “√‡æË‘¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ¢Õß “√ syrup π”È ‡™◊ËÕ¡
D system, accessory √–∫∫Õÿª°√≥å
E ªÕÑ ß°π— °”®—¥»µ— √Ÿæ™◊ system, conversion √–∫∫°“√‡ª≈¬’Ë π«π«≤— πå

F synergistic ‡ √‘¡´ß÷Ë °—π·≈–°π— «∏‘ ’
G syngamy °“√√«¡°—π√–À«à“߇™◊ÈՇ滺Ÿâ·≈– system, high forest √–∫∫ªÉ“ Ÿß
system, improvement felling √–∫∫°“√µ¥—
H ‡æ»‡¡¬’ (¥Ÿ fertilization)
„À‡â ®√≠‘
I syngenesious Õ∫— ‡√≥∑Ÿ ‡Ë’ ™ÕË◊ ¡µ¥‘ °π— ‡Õß æ∫„π system, shelterwood √–∫∫µ—¥‰«â√¡à
system, silvicultural √–∫∫«π«≤— πå
J æ◊™µ√–°Ÿ≈¥“«‡√Õ◊ ß systematic botany : plant taxonomy

K synoecium ¡’¥Õ°µ—«ºŸâ·≈–¥Õ°µ—«‡¡’¬∫π™àÕ æƒ°…“π°ÿ √¡«∏‘ “π(°“√®¥— ·∫ßà ·¬°·≈–µßÈ—
L ™Õ◊Ë æ◊™)
M ¥Õ°‡¥’¬«°π— systematic zoology : animal taxonomy
 µ— «“π°ÿ √¡«∏‘ “π (°“√®¥— ·∫àß·¬°·≈–µÈß—
N synovia 1. ‰¢¢âÕ 2. ‡ª√¬’ ß ™◊ËÕ —µ«å)
O synovitis Õ“°“√Õ—°‡ ∫¢Õ߇¬Ë◊ÕÀÿâ¡∫√‘‡«≥¢âÕ systemic ´÷¡´“∫‡¢“â ‰ª¢“â ß„π
systemic herbicide  “√°”®—¥«—™æ◊™™π‘¥
P µÕà µ“à ßÊ ´¡÷ ´“∫‰ªµ“¡ «à πµ“à ßÊ ¢Õßæ™◊ À√Õ◊ «™— æ™◊
systemic insecticide  “√°”®—¥·¡≈ß∑’Ë
Q synsepalous °≈’∫√Õ߇™Õ◊Ë ¡µ‘¥°π—  “¡“√∂´÷¡´“∫‡¢â“‰ª Ÿà «à πµ“à ßÊ ¢Õßæ™◊

R synthetic °“√ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™‚¥¬‡Õ“‡¡≈Á¥∑’ˉ¥â®“°

S °“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß¡“ª≈Ÿ°√«¡°—π‡æ◊ËÕ∑”‡ªìπ
T
U ‡¡≈Á¥æ—π∏å¢ÿ ¬“¬ (stock seeds)

V synthetic fertilizer ªÜÿ¬ ß— ‡§√“–Àå
W synthetic hormone ŒÕ√‚å ¡π —߇§√“–Àå

X synthetic material «— ¥ÿ —߇§√“–Àå

Y synthetic organic chemical Õ‘π∑√’¬ “√

Z  —߇§√“–Àå

synthetic variety √πÿà ≈Ÿ°∑Ë’‰¥â¡“®“°°“√º ¡ ‡¡Ë◊Õ·¡≈ß°—¥°‘π à«π¢Õßæ◊™∑’Ë¡’ “√π’ÈÕ¬Ÿà

·∫∫æ∫°—πÀ¡¥¢Õß “¬æ—π∏ÿå∑Ë’‰¥â√—∫°“√ ®–‰¥√â —∫Õπ— µ√“¬

T

table, green ‚µ–ä §¥— ‰¡*â table-land ∑√Ë’ “∫ ßŸ

table egg ‰¢à ( ”À√∫— ) °π‘ tachometer ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß«—¥√Õ∫°“√À¡ÿπ

table fern ‡øî√åπ‡ß‘π (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Pteris tactics (fire) °≈«‘∏’ (¥∫— ‰øª“É )

cretica, L.) tactile organs Õ«—¬«– ”À√—∫ —¡º — (°Ø’ .)

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

293

tactile papillae À𫥇≈Á°Ê „™â‡ªìπÕ«—¬«– ine) A
B
 ”À√—∫ —¡º — (°’Ø.) tangential cut ∑‡’Ë ≈◊ÕË ¬µ¥— √»— ¡’*, ∑Ë’‡≈◊ËÕ¬·∫∫ C
tail block √Õ°∑“â ¬* À≈—ßÀ¡Ÿ* D
tailed ¡’À“ß E
tailings 1. À“ߪ¬ÿÜ , ‡»…ª¬Üÿ  «à π∑Ë’‰¡à‰¥§â ≥ÿ ¿“æ tangential section ¥“â π —¡º — * F
tangential wall ºπ—߇´≈≈å¥â“π —¡º— * G
2. À“ß·√à,  à«π¢Õß·√à∑’˧—¥∑ȑ߉ª°—∫ ‘Ëß H
(A. radial wall) I
J
‡®◊Õªπ„π√–À«“à ß°“√∑”§«“¡ –Õ“¥·√à tangent offset method (fire) «‘∏’‚¬ß —¡º—  K
L
tailor bird π°°√–®∫‘ (π°„π °≈ÿ Orthotomus (‰ø) M
sp.) tangerine  ¡â ‡¢¬’ «À«“π,  ¡â ®π’ (‰¡ºâ ≈„π °≈ÿ N
O
tail spar : tail tree ‡ “√–¬“ß∑⓬* Citrus reticulata, Blanco.) P
talipot ≈“π (ª“≈å¡„π °ÿ≈ Corypha tank, charging ∂—ß„ à “√‡§¡’ Q
tank, relay (fire) ∂—ß∂à“¬π”È R
umbracunifera, L.) S
T
tall fringe rush À𫥪≈“¥°ÿ [«—™æ™◊ ‡¢µ- tankage ‡≈◊Õ¥ºß, ‡≈◊Õ¥ªÉπ, «— ¥ÿ‡»…‡À≈◊Õ U
V
√Õâ π„π °≈ÿ Fimbristylis annua, (All) µà“ßÊ ®“°‚√ß¶à“ —µ«å´÷Ëß∑”·Àâ߉«â„™â‡ªìπ W
R.& S.; ¥Ÿ fimbristylis] ªÿܬÀ√Õ◊ Õ“À“√ µ— «å X
tallow ‰¢ —µ«,å ‰¢¡π— ®“° —µ«å tankage, animal ‡»…´“° µ— «å Y
tall purslane ‚ ¡ [«—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ tanker √∂∑Ë’∫√√∑ÿ°∂—ß¢π“¥„À≠à∫√√®ÿ·≈– Z
Talinum paniculatum, (L.) Gaertn.] ¢π àߢÕ߇À≈« ‡™àπ π¡ π”È À√◊ÕπÈ”¡—π

tally, green-chain ∫—≠™’π∫— ‰¡â‡≈◊ËÕ¬* ‡ªìπµπâ

tally, log ∫—≠™’´ßÿ * tannin πÈ”Ω“¥,  “√∑¡’Ë √’  ¢¡ Ω“¥ (astringent)
tally, shipping ∫≠— ™’‰¡â ßà ÕÕ°* „™â ”À√∫— øÕ°Àπß— ‰¥â
tally, timber ∫≠— ™’®”·π°‰¡â·ª√√Ÿª*
talus ≈“πÀ‘πµ’πº“ tanning °“√øÕ°Àπ—ß
tamarind ¡–¢“¡ (‰¡ºâ ≈„π °≈ÿ Tamarindus tap °√¥’ *, ‡®“–*
tape ·∂∫°“«*

indica, L.) tape, diameter  “¬«—¥‡ πâ ºà“π»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ß*
tampara º°— ‚¢¡®π’ (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Amaranthus tape, quarter girth  “¬«¥— 1/4 ¢π“¥«¥— √Õ∫*
tape over bark : t.o.b. «—¥‡ÀπÕ◊ ‡ª≈Õ◊ °
tricolor, L.) taper §«“¡‡√¬’ «*
tanbark ‡ª≈Õ◊ °π”È Ω“¥* taper (-ground) saw ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬¢Õ∫≈“¥ ÕßÀπ“â *
tandem 1. §ŸàµàÕ‡πË◊Õß°—π, ´÷ËßµàÕ∑⓬°—π tapering ‡√’¬«
taper sawing °“√‡≈Ë◊Õ¬µ“¡§«“¡‡√¬’ «*
2. (°“√§—¥‡≈Õ◊ °) ∑≈’ –≈°— …≥– taper set ‡§√◊ÕË ßª√—∫‰¡‡â ≈Ë◊Õ¬µ“¡§«“¡‡√’¬«*
tangelo  ¡â ‡¢’¬«À«“π,  ¡â ®’π (‰¡âº≈„π °≈ÿ

Citrus reticulata, Blanco.; ¥Ÿ tanger-

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 294

A tapir  ¡‡ √®Á , º ¡‡ √®Á ( µ— «å„π °≈ÿ Tapirus tectonic process °√–∫«π°“√·ª√‚§√ß √â“ß
tedder ‡§√◊ËÕ߇°≈’ˬæ≈‘°À≠â“(∑µ’Ë —¥·≈«â )
B indicus) telegraph plant ™âÕ¬π“ß√” (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈

C tapping °“√°√’¥*, °“√‡®“–* Desmodium gyrans, DC.)
D teller ‰¡â§ß‰«Õâ “¬ÿ 1 √Õ∫À¡ÿπ‡«¬’ π
E tapping, two-storey °“√°√¥’ (¬“ß)  Õß telluric moisture πÈ”´—∫, π”È ´”
telophase √–¬–ÀπË÷ß„π°“√·∫à߇´≈≈å·∫∫
F ™—Èπ*, °“√‡®“– (¬“ß)  Õß™π—È *
G taproot √“°·°«â mitosis ´÷ßË ‰´‚µæ≈“ ´—¡Ë ®–·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ
2  «à π
H tar π”È ¡π— ¥π‘ tempeh Õ“À“√æπÈ◊ ‡¡Õ◊ ߢÕßÕ‘π‚¥π‡’ ´’¬∑”®“°
∂«Ë— ‡À≈◊ÕßÀ¡—°°∫— ‡™ÈÕ◊ √“
I tar, coal πÈ”¡—π¥‘π∂à“πÀπ‘ * temperament Õ“√¡≥å, π‘ —¬, ≈—°…≥–¢Õß
 —µ«å∑Ë·’  ¥ßÕÕ°¡“
J tar, Stockholm πÈ”¡π— ¥π‘ ‰¡â π* temperate ‡¢µÕ∫Õÿàπ
temperature, ignition ®¥ÿ µ¥‘ ‰ø*
K tar acids °√¥πÈ”¡π— ¥π‘ temperature gradient ≈“¥Õÿ≥À¿¡Ÿ ‘
L tempering 1. °“√ª√—∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘·≈–/À√◊Õ
M tar bases ¥“à ßπ”È ¡π— ¥π‘ §«“¡™◊Èπ¢Õߺ≈º≈‘µ„Àâ ¡Ë”‡ ¡ÕÀ√◊Õ¡’
§à“µ“¡µâÕß°“√ 2. °√–∫«π°“√∑”„Àâ
N taro (À—«) ‡ºÕ◊ ° ∏—≠æ◊™¡’Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘·≈–/À√◊Õ§«“¡™◊Èπµ“¡∑Ë’
O tassel ™àÕ¥Õ°µ«— ºâŸ¢Õßæ™◊ µ√–°Ÿ≈À≠â“ (‡™πà µÕâ ß°“√
template, slotted Õªÿ °√≥å„π°“√·ª≈¿“æ∂“à ¬
P ¢“â «‚æ¥ ÕÕâ ¬), ·∑ß™Õà ¥Õ°µ«— ºâŸ ∑“ßÕ“°“»

Q tattoo °“√ —°, °“√∑”‡§√Õ◊Ë ßÀ¡“¬∫πµ—« —µ«å

R Taungya ‰√‡à ≈Õ◊Ë πµÕ߬“, ‡∑§π‘§Õ¬“à ßÀπßË÷ „π

S °“√ª≈Ÿ°ª“É ‚¥¬Õ“»—¬™“«‰√à
T
U taxadjunct Àπ«à ¬Õπÿ°√¡«∏‘ “πºπ«°

V taxodioid pit À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈·å ∫∫‰¡ â °≈ÿ ·∑°
W ‚´¥‘ÕÕ¬¥å

X taxon ¢πÈ— Õπ°ÿ √¡«∏‘ “π,™π—È À√Õ◊ °≈¡àÿ „¥°≈¡àÿ Àπß÷Ë

Y „π∑“ßÕπÿ°√¡«∏‘ “π

Z taxonomic unit Àπ૬Õπÿ°√¡«‘∏“π

taxonomy Õπ°ÿ √¡«∏‘ “π («‘™“∑«Ë’ à“¥«â ¬°“√µ—ßÈ temple tree ≈Ë—π∑¡ (µπâ ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ Plumeria

™ËÕ◊ ·≈–·∫ßà ·¬°ª√–‡¿∑∑“ß™«’ «‘∑¬“) acuminata, Ait.)

T-budding °“√µ‘¥µ“·∫∫‚≈àÀåÀ√◊Õ√Ÿªµ—« T temporary wilting °“√‡À¬’Ë «™Ë—«§√“«

(¥Ÿ shield budding) tenderization °“√∑”„ÀâÕÕà ππ¡ÿà

tea ™“ (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Thea sinensis, L.) tenderize ∑”„ÀÕâ Õà ππ¡ÿà

teak  —° (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Tactona grandis, tenderloin ‡πÈÕ◊  π— „π

L.f.) tending °“√∫”√ÿß√—°…“

tea plant ™“ (¥Ÿ tea) tendril Àπ«¥, ¡Õ◊ ,  à«π∑Ë∑’ ”Àπâ“∑ Ë’ ”À√∫— ¬¥÷

teat À«— π¡ À√Õ◊ ‡Àπ¬’Ë «≈”µπâ „Àµâ ¥‘ °∫— §“â ßÀ√Õ◊  ßË‘ Õπ◊Ë Ê

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

295

tensile ¥÷ß, ∑’ˬ¥◊ ÕÕ°‰¥â ‡°Õ◊ ∫®–‰¥√â –¥∫— °∫— ‡ πâ ¢Õ∫‡ππ‘ (contour A
B
tensile strength ·√ߥ÷ß*, §«“¡∑π·√ߥß÷ line) ‡æË◊Õ≈¥§«“¡‡√Á«¢Õß°√–· πÈ”∑Ë’°àÕ C
D
tensile stress §«“¡‡§âπ®“°·√ߥß÷ * „À‡â °¥‘ °“√™–≈â“ß] E
F
tensiometer ¡“µ√§«“¡µß÷ terrace, to ∑”™È—π¥‘π G
H
tension 1. §«“¡‡§√¬’ ¥, §«“¡µ÷ß*, °“√¥ß÷ *, terrain æ◊πÈ ¥π‘ I
J
·√ߥß÷ 2. π«¥* („∫‡≈◊ËÕ¬) terranean ‡°Ë’¬«¢Õâ ß°—∫‚≈° K
L
tension failure °“√©’°¢“¥®“°·√ߥ÷ß* terrestrial æ◊™∫°, æ™◊ ∑’¥Ë ”√ß™’æÕ¬àŸ∫πº«‘ ¥π‘ M
N
tension set °“√լൟ —«®“°·√ߥß÷ * terrestrial animal  µ— «∫å ° O
P
tension strain §«“¡‡§√’¬¥®“°·√ߥ÷ß* terrestrial orchid °≈⫬‰¡â¥‘π ¡’√–∫∫√“° Q
R
tension wood ‰¡âΩπó ·√ߥß÷ * ‡ªìπΩÕ¬≈–‡Õ¬’ ¥°«à“°≈«â ¬‰¡‚â ¥¬∑—Ë«Ê ‰ª S
T
tentacle Àπ«¥®—∫ tertiary root √“°µ√’ U
V
tepal °≈’∫√«¡,  à«π¢Õߥհ‰¡â∑Ë’‰¡à “¡“√∂ test cross °“√∑¥ Õ∫≈—°…≥–¢Õß≈Ÿ°º ¡ W
X
·¬°‰¥«â “à ‡ªπì °≈∫’ ¥Õ°À√Õ◊ °≈∫’ √Õß,  «à π ‚¥¬‡Õ“≈Ÿ°º ¡‰ªº ¡°—∫æàÕÀ√◊Õ·¡à∑Ë’¡’ Y
Z
ª√–°Õ∫Õ—πÀπË÷ߢÕß perianth ≈—°…≥–¥âÕ¬‡À¡◊Õπ°—π (homozygous

teredo ‡æ√¬’ ßÀÕ¬* (S. shipworm) recessive, ¥Ÿ cross test)

terete  à«π¢Õßæ◊™∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–‡√’¬« ‡¡◊ËÕµ—¥¥Ÿ testa ‡ª≈Õ◊ °Àÿ⡇¡≈Á¥ (S. seed coat)

µ“¡¢«“ß®–‡ÀÁπÀπ“â µ—¥‡ªìπ√ªŸ °≈¡ tetany ∫“¥∑–¬—°‚√§§“ß·¢ßÁ

terminal ¬Õ¥, ª≈“¬, ª≈“¬ ¥ÿ tetrad ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬®”π«π 4

terminal bud µ“¬Õ¥ tetradynamous ‡° √µ—«ºŸâ∑¡Ë’ ’ stamen 6 Õ—π

terminal inflorescence ™àÕ¥Õ°´÷ËßÕÕ°∑Ë’ 4 Õ—π„𬓫°«à“ 2 Õ—ππÕ° æ∫„πæ◊™

ª≈“¬¬Õ¥ µ√–°Ÿ≈ Cruciferae sp.

termite ª≈«°* (S. white ant) tetrahedral ¡’ 4 ¥â“π

termite, dampwood ª≈«°‰¡â™◊Èπ* tetramerous ¡‡’ ªìπ®”π«π 4

termite, drywood ª≈«°‰¡·â Àâß* tetrandrous ¡’‡° √µ«— ºŸâ (stamen) 4

termite, subterranean ª≈«°„µ¥â π‘ * tetraploid ¡®’ ”π«π‚§√‚¡‚´¡ 4 ™¥ÿ (4n)

termite runway ∑“߇¥‘πª≈«°* „π·µ≈à –π‘«‡§≈’¬ 

termite shield ‚≈àÀå°—πª≈«°* tetrapod  —µ«å ‡Ë’ ∑â“

ternate ¡’ «à π‡ªìπ “¡ tetrasomics ¥Ÿ aneuploids

terra rossa ¥π‘ ·¥ß textural class ª√–‡¿∑¢Õ߇π◊ÈÕ¥‘π

terrace §π— ¥π‘ , ™πÈ— ¥π‘ , ∑√’Ë “∫¢πÈ— °√–‰¥, µ–æ°— , texture 1. ‡π◊ÈÕ*, ≈°— …≥–‡πÕ◊È ‰¡â*, ≈°— …≥–

≈“πµ–æ—°, ∑Ë’≈“¥‰À≈à‡¢“ [¥‘π∑Ë’ √â“ߢÈ÷π ‡π◊ÈÕ —¡º—  2. º‘«æ√√≥ (æ◊™) 3. √“¬

‡ªìπ™πÈ— Ê ¢«“ߧ«“¡≈“¥™π— ¢ÕßæÈ◊π∑’Ë À√Õ◊ ≈–‡Õ’¬¥¿“æ

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 296

A texture, close ‡πÕ◊È ≈–‡Õ¬’ ¥* thermostat ‡§√ÕË◊ ߧ«∫§¡ÿ Õÿ≥À¿¡Ÿ ‘
thickener  “√∑’Ë∑”„À¢â πâ
B texture, coarse ‡π◊ÈÕÀ¬“∫* thickening °“√∑”„À¢â πâ ‡Àπ¬’ «
thicket °≈àÿ¡µπâ ‰¡â«—¬√ÿπà , ªÉ“‰¡â‡≈Á°∑÷∫
C texture, even ‡πÕ◊È ‡ ¡Õ°—π* thick-knee π°°√–·µº’(π°„π«ß»å Burhinidae)
D thief, water (fire) ‡§√Õ◊Ë ßª≈àÕ¬πÈ”ÕÕ°®“°
E texture, fine ‡π◊ÈÕ≈–‡Õ’¬¥*
 “¬ ∫Ÿ
F texture, uneven ‡πÕ◊È ‰¡à‡ ¡Õ°π— * thin ∂Õπ·¬°, ∑”„À‡â ∫“∫“ß, ∑”„ÀâÀπ“·ππà
G thalamus ¥Ÿ receptacle
πÕâ ¬≈ß
H Thallophyte °≈àÿ¡¢Õßæ◊™´Ë÷ß‚§√ß √â“ß thinning °“√ª≈¥‘ , ∑”„À₪√àß, °“√µ¥— ¢¬“¬

I ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ thallus °≈à“«§◊Õ‰¡à¡’√“° √–¬–
thinning, crown °“√µ¥— ¢¬“¬√–¬–‡√Õ◊ π¬Õ¥
J ≈”µâπ ·≈–„∫ thinning, line °“√µ—¥¢¬“¬√–¬–µ“¡·π«
thinning, low °“√µ¥— ¢¬“¬√–¬–µ”Ë
K thallus Õ«—¬«–√Ÿª·∫π§≈⓬„∫‰¡â æ∫„πæ◊™ thinning, mechanical °“√µ—¥¢¬“¬√–¬–
L
M ∫“ß™π¥‘ ‡™àπ ‡øî√åπ ‡°¥‘ ¡“®“° ªÕ√å ‰¡¡à ’ ·∫∫µ¥— µπâ ‡«âπµπâ
thinning, ordinary °“√µ—¥¢¬“¬√–¬–
N √“° ≈”µâπ ·≈–„∫®√ß‘ ∫π «à ππ®È’ –‡ªìπ∑’Ë
O ‡°‘¥¢Õ߇滺Ÿ·â ≈–‡æ»‡¡’¬ ∏√√¡¥“
thinning cycle √Õ∫µ—¥¢¬“¬√–¬–
P thaw ≈–≈“¬Õ“À“√·™à·¢Áß„Àâ°≈—∫§◊π Ÿà ¿“æ thinning out °“√µ¥— °ßË‘ ‰¡¥â Õ°‚¥¬‰¡à„À‡â À≈Õ◊

Q ‡¥¡‘ °àÕπ°“√·™à·¢ßÁ µÕ°ßË‘ (stub)
thiourea (∑∫— »æ— ∑)å , Õπæÿ π— ∏¢å Õ߬‡Ÿ √¬’ ¡ ’ ¡∫µ— ‘
R theca ∂ßÿ ‡°∫Á ‡√≥Ÿ„πÕ—∫‡√≥Ÿ
‡ªìπµ—«¬—∫¬—Èß°√–∫«π°“√‰πµ√‘ø™—Ëπ
S theodolite °≈Õâ ß«¥— ¡¡ÿ
T
U thermal analysis °“√«‘‡§√“–À凙‘ߧ«“¡√Õâ π

V thermal capacity §«“¡®ÿ§«“¡√Õâ π
W thermal process °√–∫«π°“√º≈‘µ°√¥¥â«¬

X §«“¡√âÕπ

Y thermal property  ¡∫—µ‘∑“ߧ«“¡√âÕπ

Z thermodynamics Õ≥ÿ Àæ≈»“ µ√å

thermophilic bacteria ·∫§∑’‡√’¬™Õ∫ ·≈–°‘®°√√¡¢Õ߇Õπ‰´¡å urease  “√

Õ≥ÿ À¿Ÿ¡ ‘ Ÿß ≈–≈“¬‡®◊Õ®“ߢÕ߉∏‚Õ¬Ÿ‡√’¬™à«¬°√–µÿâπ

thermoplastic resin ‡√´‘π™π‘¥ÕàÕπµ—«‡¡◊ËÕ µ“¥Õ°¢Õ߉¡âº≈∫“ß™π¥‘ ‡™πà ¡–¡à«ß „Àâ

√âÕπ* ‡®√‘≠ÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπ™Õà ¥Õ°‰¥â‡√«Á ¢πÈ÷

thermosetting resin ‡√´‘π™π‘¥·¢Áßµ—«‡¡Ë◊Õ thixotropic gel ‡®≈‡À≈«‡¡ÕË◊ °«π ‡ªìπ “√´÷Ëß

√Õâ π* ¡’ ¿“懪ìπ¢Õ߇À≈«‡©æ“–‡¡Ë◊Õ‡«≈“

thermophyte æ™◊ ƒ¥Ÿ‡¥¬’ « ‡¢¬à“À√◊Õ°«π ∂â“À¬ÿ¥‡¢¬à“°Á®–¡’ ¿“æ

thermoplastic æ≈“ µ‘°™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëߢ÷Èπ√Ÿª¥â«¬ ‡ªìπ‡®≈µ“¡‡¥‘¡ „™â„π°“√º≈‘µªÿܬ‡À≈«

§«“¡√Õâ π ™π¥‘ ·¢«π≈Õ¬

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

297

Thomas phosphate : Thomas slag throwing °“√µ¥— *, °“√‚§àπ A
B
º≈æ≈Õ¬‰¥â®“°°√–∫«π°“√∂≈ÿ߇À≈Á° thrush, ground 𰇥‘π¥ß (π°„π °ÿ≈ C
®“° π‘ ·√à phosphatic iron À√Õ◊ ‡À≈°Á ∂≈ßÿ Zoothera sp. ·≈– Turdus sp.) D
(pig iron) ‚¥¬°√–∫«π°“√¢Õß‚∑¡ — ‡§¬ E
„™â‡ªìπªÜÿ¬øÕ ‡øµ„π∫“ߪ√–‡∑»¢Õß thrust ·√ߺ≈°— F
∑«’ª¬ÿ‚√ª thumb pot 1. °√–∂“ß°≈⫬‰¡â¢π“¥®Î«‘ ‡ πâ G
thorax  à«πÕ° H
thorn apple ≈”‚æß (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Datura º“à »πŸ ¬°å ≈“ߪ“°°√–∂“ß 1-11/2 π«‘È 2. ≈°Ÿ I
metal, L. ·≈– Datura stramonium, °≈⫬‰¡â¢π“¥‡≈Á°¡“° ‡À¡“– ”À√—∫ J
L.) ª≈°Ÿ „π°√–∂“ß¢π“¥ 1-11/2 π‘«È K
thorny sensitive plant Àπ“¡‡ Õ◊ , ‰¡¬√“æ thunder shake √Õ¬√“â «®“°æ“¬ÿΩπ L
µâπ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ Mimosa thyrse ™àÕ¥Õ°·∫∫ panicle ∑’ˇ°‘¥√«¡°—π M
pigra, L.) À≈“¬™Õà ∫π°“â πÕπ— ‡¥’¬«°—π N
three way cross ¥Ÿ cross, three way thyrsus ¥Ÿ thyrse O
thresher ‡§√◊ÕË ßπ«¥, §ππ«¥ tick ‡ÀÁ∫ P
threshing °“√π«¥ tidal flat ∑Ë’√“∫≈ÿ¡à πÈ”¢÷Èπ∂÷ß Q
threshold, protective ®¥ÿ ªÑÕß°—π* ( “√Õ“∫ tidal marsh ∑’Ë≈ÿࡵ˔™“¬∑–‡≈, ∑’≈Ë àÿ¡™πÈ◊ ·©– R
‰¡â) πÈ”¢πÈ÷ ∂÷ß S
throat 1. ™àÕßÀ√◊Õ√Ÿ∑’ˇ°‘¥®“°°≈’∫¥Õ°‡™◊ËÕ¡ tidal smarch ¥Ÿ tidal flat T
°—π‰¡àµ‘¥ (æƒ.) 2. √àÕß‚§πøíπ‡≈◊ËÕ¬* tidal swamp ∑’Ë≈àÿ¡µ”Ë ™“¬∑–‡≈, ∑≈’Ë àÿ¡™È◊π·©– U
(S. gullet)(«π.) 3.  à«π‚§âߢÕß·ºàπ πÈ”¢πÈ÷ ∂÷ß V
‰∂(µÕà ®“°ª≈“¬‰∂¡“¬—ߪﰉ∂) 4.  à«π∑Ë’ tie ‰¡âÀ¡Õπ√∂‰ø* W
·§∫∑ Ë’ ¥ÿ ¢ÕßÕªÿ °√≥∑å ˇ’ ªπì ∑Õà À√Õ◊ ª≈Õà ß tie, pole ‰¡Àâ ¡Õπ¢â“ß∫π* X
throttle °“√§«∫§ÿ¡§«“¡‡√Á«¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕß®—°√ tie. switch ‰¡Àâ ¡Õπª√–·®* Y
‚¥¬ª√∫— Õ—µ√“°“√‰À≈¢ÕßπÈ”¡—π‡™Õ◊È ‡æ≈‘ß tie, two-faced ‰¡âÀ¡Õπ¢â“ß∫π* Z
through and through (‡≈◊ÕË ¬) ¥–* tie points ®¥ÿ ‚¬ß¬¥÷
through check √Õ¬ª√‘µ≈Õ¥* tier ·π«™—πÈ °Õ߉¡â*, ·π«‰¡â§—πË *
throughfall ª√‘¡“≥π”È Ωπ∑Ë’√Õß√—∫‰¥â¿“¬„µâ tiger ‡ Õ◊ ( —µ«å„π °ÿ≈ Panthera tigris)
‡√Õ◊ π¬Õ¥¢Õßµâπ‰¡â tigerûs claw ∑ÕßÀ≈“ß (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈
throughout ª√‘¡“≥ß“πÀ√◊Õº≈º≈‘µ∑Ë’‰¥â„π Erythrina arborescens, ¥Ÿ coral tree)
√–¬–‡«≈“ÀπßË÷ tight ·πàπ*, ‡√’¬∫*
through shake √Õ¬√“â «µ≈Õ¥* tighten ∑”„À·â πàπ
tight face ÀπⓇ√¬’ ∫* (‰¡â∫“ß)
tight knot µ“ (µâπ‰¡â) ·πàπ*

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 298

A tight-lining °“√™—°≈“°·∫∫ “¬¥ß÷ °≈—∫µß÷ * timber ‰¡â·ª√√Ÿª*, ´ÿß¢π“¥®”°—¥*, ‰¡â
‚§√ß √“â ß*, ‰¡¬â π◊ µπâ *
B tight side ÀπⓇ√’¬∫* (‰¡∫â “ß)
timber, bled ‰¡«â “¬¬“ßπÈ”¡π— *
C tight veneer ‰¡∫â “ßÀπⓇ√’¬∫* timber, box ‰¡∑â ”≈ß— *
timber, carcassing ‰¡â‚§√ß*
D tile cell ‡´≈≈°å √–‡∫◊ÕÈ ß* timber, cleft ‰¡âºà“*
E timber, construction ‰¡â‚§√ß √“â ß*
F till ‰∂æ√«π timber, converted ‰¡·â ª√√Ÿª*
timber, dressed ‰¡â‰ ·≈«â *
G tillable ´÷ËßÕ“®®–∑”°“√‰∂æ√«πÀ√◊Õ∫ÿ°‡∫‘° timber, factory ‰¡â‡æ◊ÕË ª√–¥…‘ ∞°√√¡*
H (‡æÕ◊Ë ∑”°“√‡æ“–ª≈Ÿ°) ‰¥â timber, flat-sawn ‰¡â‡≈Ë◊Õ¬µ—¥√—»¡’*, ‰¡â

I tillage °“√‡¢µ°√√¡, °“√‰∂æ√«π, º«‘ ¥‘π∑’ˉ¥â ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬·∫∫À≈—ßÀ¡Ÿ*
timber, framing ‰¡â‚§√ß*
J ‡µ√¬’ ¡¥‘π‡æ“–ª≈°Ÿ ·≈â« timber, green ‰¡ â ¥*
timber, half ‰¡â‡À≈’ˬ¡º“à §√÷ßË *
K tillage, conventional °“√‰∂æ√«π·∫∫ timber, half wrought ‰¡â‰ À¬“∫*
timber, hewn ‰¡â∂“°*
L ∏√√¡¥“,√–∫∫°“√‡µ√¬’ ¡¥π‘ ∑¡’Ë ∑’ ß—È ‰∂æ√«π timber, milled ‰¡â‰  ”‡√Á®√ªŸ *
timber, mining ‰¡Õâ ÿ‚¡ß§å‡À¡Õ◊ ß*
M §√“¥¥‘π ·≈–ª√—∫√–¥∫— °àÕπª≈Ÿ°æ™◊ timber, moulded ‰¡âµ“¡·∫∫*
N tillage, conversation °“√‰∂æ√«π·∫∫Õπ√ÿ °— …å timber, primary ‰¡âª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘, ‰¡â™π‘¥¥’*,
O
P (‰¥·â °à 1. no-tillage ‰¡à‰∂æ√«π 2. ridge- ‰¡â∑π∑“π*
timber, quatered ‰¡∑â Õà πº“à  *Ë’
Q tillage ™à«ß‡«≈“À≈—߇°Á∫‡°Ë’¬«æ◊™®π∂÷ß timber, quater-sawn ‰¡â‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬µ“¡√»— ¡’*
R °àÕπª≈Ÿ°æ◊™√ÿàπµàÕ‰ª®–‰¡à√∫°«π¥‘π‡≈¬ timber, rough ‰¡∑â ȗ߇ª≈Õ◊ °*, ‰¡â‰¡à‰¥â‰ *
timber, round ´ßÿ , ‰¡´â ßÿ *. ‡ “, ‰¡‡â  “°≈¡*
S 3.mulch-tillage ¡’°“√‡µ√’¬¡¥‘π°àÕπ timber, saw ´ßÿ ‰¡‡â ≈Ë◊Õ¬*
timber, sawn ‰¡·â ª√√ªŸ *
T ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™æÕ ¡§«√‚¥¬„™â‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ∑Ë’ timber, secondary ‰¡∑â µÿ ¬‘ ¿¡Ÿ ‘, ‰¡™â 𥑠√Õß*,

U ‡À¡“– ¡) ‰¡â‰¡∑à π∑“π*
timber, square-edged ‰¡‡â À≈ˬ’ ¡©“°‡µ¡Á *
V tillage operation °“√‡¢µ°√√¡, °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘ timber, square-sawn ‰¡‡â ≈◊ËÕ¬©“°*

W °“√‰∂æ√«π
YX tiller 1. ÀπàÕ∑’ˇ°¥‘ ®“°√“°À√Õ◊ µ“¢“â ßµÕπ≈“à ß
Z ¢Õß≈”µπâ , °Õ 2. ·∂∫¬¥÷ „∫‡≈ÕË◊ ¬* (‡≈ÕË◊ ¬

°√Õ∫) («π.) 3. ‡§√◊ËÕ߉∂æ√«π

tiller, power √∂‰∂‡¥‘πµ“¡

tiller, rotary ®Õ∫À¡ÿπ

tillering ·µ°°Õ

tillering stage √–¬–·µ°°Õ

tilt §«“¡‡Õ¬’ ß

tilth 1. °“√‰∂æ√«π¥‘π 2. ¥π‘ ∑’ˉ∂æ√«π·≈«â

3. §«“¡¬“°ß“à ¬„π°“√‰∂æ√«π 4. §«“¡

≈÷°¢Õߥ‘π∑Ë’‰∂æ√«π 5. °“√‡°“–µ—«¢Õß

°âÕπ¥π‘

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

299

timber, standing ‰¡â¬◊πµπâ * §≈⓬°π— ·≈–∑”Àπâ“∑ËÕ’ ¬“à ß„¥Õ¬“à ßÀπËß÷ A
B
timber, structural ‰¡â‚§√ß √“â ß* tissue, conjunctive ‡πÈ◊Õ‡¬ÕË◊ ª√– “π* C
D
timber, surfaced ‰¡â‰ ·≈â«* tissue, primary ‡πÕ◊È ‡¬◊ËÕª∞¡¿¡Ÿ *‘ E
F
timber, veneer ‰¡â∑”‰¡∫â “ß* tissue, soft ‡πÕ◊È ‡¬ÕË◊ ÕÕà π* (S. storage tissue) G
H
timber carrier √∂¬°‰¡·â ∫∫§√Õà ¡* tissue, storage ‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬Õ◊Ë  – ¡* (S. soft tis- I
J
timber concession ‡Õ° “√Õπÿ≠“µ∑”‰¡â* sue) K
L
timber connector Õªÿ °√≥¬å ÷¥µÕ‰¡â* tissue, vascular ‡πÈÕ◊ ‡¬◊ËÕ≈”‡≈¬’ ß* M
N
timber driving °“√≈¡â ‰¡‡â ªπì °≈ÿà¡* tissue analysis °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå‡πÈ◊Õ‡¬Ë◊Õæ◊™ O
P
timber elevator ‡§√ËÕ◊ ߬°‰¡â* (‡æË◊Õª√–‡¡‘𧫓¡Õ¥ÿ ¡ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å¢Õߥ‘π) Q
R
timber height §«“¡ ßŸ ∑”´ÿ߉¥*â TMV : tobacco mosaic virus ‚√§‰«√ — ¢Õß S
T
timber marking °“√À¡“¬‰¡â*, °“√µ’µ√“ ¬“ Ÿ∫ U
V
ª√–®”µâπ* toadstool ‡ÀÁ¥æ‘… W
X
timber mill ‚√߇≈Ë◊Õ¬‰¡â„À≠*à , ‡§√Ë◊Õ߇≈ËÕ◊ ¬ toast ªîßô , ¬“à ß, ¢π¡ªßí ªßôî Y
Z
‰¡*â toaster ‡§√ËÕ◊ ߪßôî ¢π¡ªíß

timber piling °“√°Õ߉¡*â tobacco ¬“ Ÿ∫ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Nicotiana

timber tally ∫—≠™’®”·π°‰¡·â ª√√ªŸ * tabaccum, L.)

timber wheels ≈âÕ≈“°‰¡â* toggle chain ‚´µà “¢Õ*

timber worm ¥â«ß‰¡â* tolerable µ“â π∑“π, æÕ∑π‰¥â

timber yard ≈“π°Õ߉¡â* tolerance 1. §«“¡∑π 2. ¢π“¥¬Õ¡„Àâ*

time, open assembly ™à«ß‡«≈“√Õª√–°∫ tolerance, salt §«“¡ “¡“√∂∑π‡°≈◊Õ

timeliness ‡«≈“∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ tolerant limits ‡°≥±å§≈“¥‡§≈Ë◊Õπ´Ëß÷ ¬Õ¡-

timing °“√µß—È ‡«≈“°“√∑”ß“π √—∫‰¥â

tine øπí À√Õ◊ ´Ë’¢Õߧ√“¥, ´Õà ¡ tomato ¡–‡¢Õ◊ ‡∑» (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Lycopersicon

tine cultivator æ√«π´Ë’ esculentum, Mill.)

tin mined land æÈπ◊ ∑¥’Ë π‘ ‡À¡Õ◊ ß·√à√â“ß tomato, cherry ¡–‡¢Õ◊ ‡∑»≈°Ÿ ‡≈°Á (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ

tip §«“¡‡©·π«¥ß‘Ë , ‡Õ¬’ ß Lycopersicon esculentum, var.

tip-layering °“√∑—∫°‘Ëß·∫∫ª≈“¬∑‘Ë¡ (∑”‰¥â cerasiforme)

‚¥¬°“√‚π⡪≈“¬°Ë‘ß≈߉ª„π¥‘π ·≈â«„™â tomentosa ¡’¢πÕÕà ππà¡ÿ ª°§≈¡ÿ

¥‘π°≈∫ª≈“¬„À¡â ¥‘ ) tomentulose ¡¢’ πÕÕà ππ¡àÿ ª°§≈¡ÿ ‡æ¬’ ߇∫“∫“ß

tipped saw ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬øπí ‡≈’¬Ë ¡ª≈“¬* ton, cubic µ—π≈°Ÿ ∫“»°å*

tire-tube process °√√¡«‘∏’„™â¬“ß„π* ton, shipping µπ— ¢π àß*

tissue ‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ, °≈àÿ¡¢Õ߇´≈≈å∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥– tone §«“¡‡¢¡â

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 300

A tongs, logging §¡’ ®—∫´ßÿ * top girth ¢π“¥«—¥√Õ∫ª≈“¬*
top log ´ÿß∑àÕπª≈“¬*
B tongue 1. ‡¥Õ◊ ¬¥â“¡¢«“π* 2. ∑∫ÿ * 3. ≈πÈ‘ * topographic map ·ºπ∑’Ë≈°— …≥–¿¡Ÿ ª‘ √–‡∑»
topography 1. ¿Ÿ¡‘≈—°…≥–*, ¿Ÿ¡‘ª√–‡∑»,
C tongue, groved and beaded ≈π‘È √Õà ߉À≈¡à π*
D ≈°— …≥–¿Ÿ¡ª‘ √–‡∑» §«“¡ ßŸ µË”¢Õߺ«‘ ¥π‘
E tongue, groved and V-jointed ≈πÈ‘ √àÕ߉À≈à 2. ≈°— …≥–º«‘ ·ºàπ¥π‘ ´÷Ëß¡Õß®“°¥â“π¢“â ß
toposequence ≈”¥∫— ¿¡Ÿ ‘ª√–‡∑»
F ≈“¥* topping 1. °“√µ—¥¬Õ¥ 2. ‡§√◊ËÕßµ°·µàß
G tongue and groved ≈π‘È √àÕß* Õ“À“√„Àâπ“à √—∫ª√–∑“π
topping axe ¢«“π‡≈°Á *
H tongue and groved joint √Õ¬µÕà ‡¢â“≈Èπ‘ * top root √“°·°«â (¥Ÿ tap rooot)
top rot °“√ºÿ à«π¬Õ¥*
I tongue-grafting ¥Ÿ whip-grafting topsoil ¥‘π∫π, ¥‘π™È—π∫π, Àπâ“¥‘π∫π
(S. surface soil)
J tonoplast ‡¬ÕË◊ ‰´‚µæ≈“ µ∑å ‡’Ë °¥‘ ≈Õâ ¡√Õ∫™Õà ß top wood ‰¡‡â ≈°Á *
top-working °“√‡ª≈Ë’¬π¬Õ¥
K «“à ߇≈Á°Ê „π‡´≈≈å (vacuole) torch (fire) ‡§√ÕË◊ ß©’¥ (‰ø)
L torch ginger °“À≈“, ¥“À≈“ (æ™◊ „π °ÿ≈
M tool, machine ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¡Õ◊  ”À√—∫¢÷Èπ√Ÿª« — ¥ÿ Amomum magnificum ·≈– Phaeo-
meria magnifica)
N tool bar §“π ”À√—∫µ¥‘ ‡§√Ë◊Õß¡Õ◊ À√◊ÕÕªÿ °√≥å torch wood tree ΩÑ“¬§”,  ÿæ√√≥‘°“√å (¥Ÿ
O æ«à ß∑Ë∑’ “â ¬√∂·∑√°‡µÕ√å yellow silk cotton tree)
torn grain ‡ È’¬π©°’ *
P tool box °≈Õà ߇°Á∫‡§√ÕË◊ ß¡Õ◊

Q tool kit °≈Õà ߇°∫Á ‡§√◊ËÕß¡Õ◊ ¢π“¥‡≈Á°æ°æ“‰¥â

R tool shop ‚√߇°∫Á ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß¡Õ◊ , ‚√ß´àÕ¡Õªÿ °√≥å

S µ“à ßÊ
T
U toona tree ¬¡ÀÕ¡ (¥Ÿ Indian mahogany)

V tooth angle ¡ÿ¡§¡øíπ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬*
W tooth pitch ™à«ßøíπ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬*

X top Àπâ“∫π§¡≈“¥*, ª√—∫√–¥—∫øíπ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬*

Y (S. stone)

Z top, to µ¥— ¬Õ¥*

top and bottom saw ‡≈◊ÕË ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ π§Ÿµà —ßÈ * torque ·√ß∫‘¥*

top and lop °ßË‘ ‰¡ªâ ≈“¬‰¡*â (S. lop and top) torsion °“√∫¥‘ *

top cross °“√º ¡æ◊™∑’Ë®–§—¥‡≈◊Õ°°—∫µ—« torulose ∫‘¥À√◊Õ¢Õ¥‡ªìπª¡

∑¥ Õ∫µ—«„¥µ—«Àπ÷Ëß (¥Ÿ cross, top) torus 1. ª¡‡¬◊ËÕ* (À≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈)å 2. ∞“π

top diameter ‡ πâ º“à »Ÿπ¬å°≈“ߪ≈“¬*(∑Õà π ¥Õ° (æƒ.) (¥Ÿ receptacle)

À√◊Õ≈”µâπ) total acidity  ¿“æ°√¥√«¡

topdressing °“√„ ªà ¬ÿÜ ·µßà Àπ“â , °“√„ ªà ¬Üÿ ‚¥¬ total height §«“¡ Ÿß ÿ¥¬Õ¥*

°“√À«à“π‰ª∑—Ë«∑—Èß·ª≈ß (§≈⓬§≈÷ß°—∫ total inhibition point (of preservative) ®¥ÿ

side dressing) ¬∫— ¬ßÈ— ¢Õß “√Õ“∫‰¡â*

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

301

total potential (of soil water) »°— ¬√å «¡ (¢Õß track cable  “¬‡§‡∫‘≈À≈°— * A
B
πÈ”„π¥‘π) track line  “¬À≈°— ≈Õ¬øÑ“* C
total pressure (of soil water) §«“¡¥—π√«¡ traction ·√ߢ∫— ‡§≈Ë◊Õπ, ·√ß©¥ÿ ≈“° D
tractor-grader √∂‡°≈¬’Ë * (S. grader) E
(¢Õßπ”È „π¥π‘ ) tractor logging °“√∑”‰¡â¥â«¬√∂·∑√°‡µÕ√*å F
tote road ∑“ß ßà  ¡— ¿“√–* trail 1. ¢∫«π´ßÿ * 2. ≈“°¢∫«π´ßÿ * 3. ‡≈ÕÈ◊ ¬, G
touchwood ‰¡âºÿ¬¬àÿ * H
toughness value §à“§«“¡‡Àπ¬’ «* ∑Õ¥‡∂“ 4. ‰∂®“π(®“π‰∂µ‘¥µßÈ— ¢π“π°∫— I
tow ≈“°¥÷ß ‡ âπ∑“ß°“√‡§≈Ë◊Õπ∑Ë’) 5. ∑“ß∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“° J
tower man (fire) ¬“¡ÀÕ√–«ß— ‰ø °“√‡¥π‘ º“à π´È”‰ª¡“¢ÕߧπÀ√Õ◊  µ— «å K
towing wheel ≈Õâ ≈“°(‰¡¡à °’ ”≈ß— ¢∫— ‡§≈ÕË◊ π‡Õß trail builder √∂∑”∑“ß*, √∂∫ÿ≈‚¥‡´Õ√å* L
(S. buldozer) M
‡™πà ≈âÕ‡°«¬’ π) trailer æ◊™∑∑’Ë Õ¥‡∂“‡≈ÕÈ◊ ¬‰ªµ“¡º‘«¥π‘ N
toxic limit ®ÿ¥‡ªìπæ‘…* (¢Õß “√Õ“∫‰¡â) trailing °“√≈“°¢∫«π´ÿß* O
trailing implement Õÿª°√≥åæà«ß´Ë÷ßæà«ß‰«â∑Ë’ P
(S. killing point, killing point of ®ÿ¥æà«ß‡¥’¬«·≈–¡’≈âՙ૬·∫àß√—∫π”È Àπ—° Q
preservative) ®“°µ«— ©ÿ¥≈“° R
toxic sill ®¥ÿ ‡ªπì æ‘…* (¢Õß “√Õ“∫‰¡)â training °“√¥¥— (µπâ ‰¡)â , °“√®¥— , °“√·µßà , °“√ S
toxic threshold ®¥ÿ ‡ªπì æ…‘ * (¢Õß “√Õ“∫‰¡)â Ωñ°À—¥ (°“√µ—¥‡Õ“ à«π¢Õßæ◊™ÕÕ°„π T
toxic value ®ÿ¥‡ªìπæ‘…* (¢Õß “√Õ“∫‰¡)â ¢≥–∑Ë’æ◊™¬—߇≈Á°À√◊Õ¡’Õ“¬ÿπâÕ¬ „π‰¡â U
toxicity §«“¡‡ªìπæ…‘ * ¬◊πµâπ¡—°∑”„π√–À«à“ß 3 ªï·√° ‡æË◊Õ„Àâ V
toxicology æ…‘ «∑‘ ¬“ ‰¥‚â §√ß √â“ßÀ√◊Õ∑√ßµπâ ∑˵’ Õâ ß°“√) W
toxin ™’«æ‘…,  “√æ‘…∑Ë’‰¥â®“° —µ«åÀ√Õ◊ æ◊™ training system √–∫∫°“√·µàß°ß‘Ë [∑Ë’ ”§—≠¡’ X
trabecula(r) ºπ—ß°π—È µ“¡¢«“ß („π‡´≈≈剡â) 3 ·∫∫ §◊Õ ∑√ߪ√î “¡¥‘ (leader or pyra- Y
trace 1. ‡™◊Õ°, ·∂∫«— ¥ÿ 2. ∑’˺Ÿ°°—∫¡â“„™â mid type) ∑√ß·®°π— (vase-shaped type) Z
≈“°‡°«’¬π 3. √àÕß√Õ¬ 4. ≈Õ°≈“¬ ·≈–∑√ߪî√“¡‘¥·ª≈ß (modified-leader
trace element ®≈ÿ ∏“µÿ, ∏“µÕÿ “À“√‡ √‘¡, ∏“µÿ type)]
Õ“À“√∑Ëæ’ ◊™„™πâ âÕ¬ (¥Ÿ minor element) tramping ¬Ë”„Àâ·πàπ‚¥¬„™â·√ߧπÀ√◊Õ —µ«å
trachea ∑àÕ≈”‡≈¬’ ßπÈ” (æƒ.) (∫“ß∑’Õ“®„™â√∂·∑√°‡µÕ√å ‡™àπ „π°√≥’
tracheary elements ‡´≈≈å≈”‡≈¬’ ß ¢Õß trench silo)
tracheid ‡´≈≈å∑àÕπÈ” (xylem) ´÷Ëß¡’≈—°…≥– tramway, log ∑“ß√∂√“ߢπ´ÿß*
‡√’¬« ºπ—ß¡’√Ÿ∑–≈ÿ (pit) ¡’Àπâ“∑’˧”È ®ÿπ

·≈–≈”‡≈’¬ßπ”È ·≈–·√∏à “µÿ transformation °“√·ª√ ¿“æ

tracheophytes æ◊™∑’Ë¡’∑Õà πÈ”∑àÕÕ“À“√ transgressive segregation ¥Ÿ segregation,

track 1. µ’πµ–¢“∫* 2. √“ß§àŸ transgressive

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 302

A transitional zone ∫√‡‘ «≥‡¢µ‡ª≈¬Ë’ π trap, stone barrier ≈“¥À‘π (‡§√ÕË◊ ß¡Õ◊ ¥°—
 —µ«åπÈ”∑Ë’„™âÀ‘π∑ÿ°¢π“¥¡“‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫°—π
B transition hand À«’µ’π‡µà“, À«’ ¥ÿ ‡ªìπªï°·∫∫‚æßæ“ß®”π«π 2 ªï° À—π
Àπâ“√—∫πÈ”≈ß ‡¡Ë◊ÕπÈ”≈ß™“«ª√–¡ß®–π”
C translocation 1. °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬Õ“À“√À√◊Õ ∂ßÿ ´Ëß÷ ∑”·∫∫ «‘ߥ—°ª≈“¡“√Õ∑’°Ë πâ „™¥â °—
D °ÿâß∑ÕË’ ¬µŸà “¡≈“¥À‘π≈ß¡“)
E  “√¿“¬„πµâπ‰¡â 2. °“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ¬â“¬
trap, stone block À‘π«ß, ≈–¡ÿÀ‘π (‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¡Õ◊
F ‚§√‚¡‚´¡ 3. ‚§√‚¡‚´¡∑Ë’º‘¥ª√°µ‘´Ë÷ß ¥—° —µ«åπ”È ∑Ë’„™âÀ‘π°âÕπ¢π“¥„À≠àπ”¡“
G ‡°‘¥®“°°“√ —∫‡ª≈Ë’¬π à«π¢Õß‚§√‚¡‚´¡ «“ß´âÕπ°—π‡ªìπ√Ÿª§√÷Ëß«ß°≈¡À—πÀπâ“
‡¢“â À“Ωòíß √—»¡’ 30-50 ‡¡µ√ µÕπ°πâ  ßŸ
H √–À«à“ß‚§√‚¡‚´¡∑Ë’‰ ¡à‰¥â ‡ªì π§Ÿà°—π 60-90 ´¡. „™¥â —° µ— «åπ”È ‡¡Ë◊Õ‡«≈“π”È ß«¥)

I (homologous) trash ¢¬–, ‡»…À≠“â
traumatic duct ∑Õà ‡°‘¥®“°·º≈*
J transmission °“√∂à“¬∑Õ¥, °“√¬â“¬®“°∑Ë’ traumatic heartwood ·°πà ‡∑¬’ ¡‡°¥‘ ®“°·º≈*
traumatic intercellular canal ∑àÕ√–À«à“ß
K Àπß÷Ë ‰ªÕ°’ ∑’ËÀπË÷ß
L ‡´≈≈凰¥‘ ®“°·º≈*
M transmutation °“√·ª√æπ— ∏åÿ (™«’ .) traumatic ring «ß·º≈‡ªìπ*
travellerûs tree °≈«â ¬≈—ß°“, °≈⫬日 (æ™◊
N transom(e) 1. §“π¬¥÷ À«— ‡ “* 2. ‰¡«â ß°∫∫π*
O (ª√–µŸ) 3. ≈°Ÿ ¢«“ß°≈“ß* (S. capsill) „π °ÿ≈ Ravenala madagascariensis,
J.F.Gmel.)
P transpiration °“√§“¬πÈ” (®“°„∫æ◊™) travois road ∑“ß∑Õ¥‚°≈π*
travoy ‡≈ËÕ◊ π‰¡âß“à ¡*
Q transpiration ratio §«“¡µâÕß°“√πÈ”¢Õßæ™◊ trawler ‡√◊Õ®∫— ª≈“¥â«¬Õ«π≈“°, §π≈“°Õ«π
trawl line ‡∫¥Á √“«
R transpiration stream ∑“߉À≈¢ÕßπÈ”∑Ë’‡°‘¥ trawl net Õ«π≈“°‚¥¬‡√Õ◊ ¬πµå
treated, thermal neutron ‡¡≈Á¥æ◊™∑Ë’Õ“∫
S ®“°°“√§“¬π”È ¢Õß„∫ Õ“®Õ¬àŸπÕ°µâπæ◊™ °—¡¡—πµ¿“æ√ß—  ‡’ æË◊Õ„À‡â °¥‘ °“√°≈“¬æ—π∏åÿ
T treatment  ß‘Ë ∑¥≈Õß, °“√√°— …“‚√§
U („π¥‘π) À√Õ◊ „πµπâ æ™◊ °Á‰¥â tree ‰¡â*, µâπ‰¡*â , µπâ ‰¡â√àπÿ „À≠à, ‰¡â¬π◊ µπâ , ‰¡â
∑¡Ë’ ≈’ ”µπâ „À≠≈à ”‡¥’¬«
V transmit ∂à“¬∑Õ¥ tree, broadleaved µâπ‰¡â„∫°«â“ß*
W transplant °≈“â ‰¡â¬â“¬ª≈°Ÿ tree, co-dominant µπâ ‰¡‡â √Õ◊ π¬Õ¥√Õß, µπâ ‰¡â
√«à ¡§«“¡‡¥àπ
X transplant, to ¬“â ¬ª≈Ÿ°

Y transplanter ‡§√Ë◊Õ߬“â ¬ª≈Ÿ°µâπ°≈â“

Z transplanting °“√¬â“¬ª≈Ÿ°

transported material «µ— ∂‡ÿ §≈ÕË◊ π¬“â ¬, « — ¥ÿ

π”æ“

transverse µ“¡¢«“ß, µßÈ— ‰¥©â “°°∫— ·°π¥“â 𬓫

transverse heating °“√„À⧫“¡√âÕπµ—Èß©“°

·π«°“«*

transverse section Àπ“â µ¥— *, ¥â“πÀπ“â µ—¥*

(S. cross section)

transverse shake √Õ¬√â“«µ“¡¢«“ß*

transverse wall ºπß— ‡´≈≈墫“ß*

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

303

tree, dead and dying µπâ ‰¡µâ “¬ treepie π°°–≈ß‘ ‡¢¬’ ¥ (π°„π °≈ÿ Dendrocitta A
B
tree, dead or moribund ¥Ÿ tree, dead and sp.) C
D
dying treepie, racket-tailed π°°“·«π (π°„π °≈ÿ E
F
tree, diseased µâπ‰¡‡â ªπì ‚√§ Crypsirina tenia) G
H
tree, dominant µâπ‰¡™â —πÈ ‡¥πà tree shoe ‡§√Ë◊Õß√ß—È  “¬√–¬“ß* (S. shoe) I
J
tree, dominated µπâ ‰¡â∂°Ÿ ¢à¡ tree veldt ∑ÿßà À≠“â K
L
tree, elite µâπ‰¡â™È—π‡¬¬Ë’ ¡ trellis §“â ß, ∑”§“â ß(„Àæâ ◊™) M
N
tree, mother ·¡à‰¡â trench, gutter (fire) §°Ÿ —π‰ø O
P
tree, nurse µâπ‰¡âæË’‡≈È’¬ß trencher ‡§√◊ËÕߢ¥ÿ √àÕß≈°÷ Q
R
tree, pumped µâπ‰¡â·°πà º*ÿ trench-layering °“√∑∫— °ß‘Ë ·∫∫§Ÿ (∑”‚¥¬‚π¡â S
T
tree, reserved µπâ ‰¡â ß«π, ‰¡âÀ«ßÀ“â ¡ °Ë‘ß≈ßµ‘¥¥‘π ‡Õ“¥‘π°≈∫∑ÿ°¢âÕ ∫“°¥â“π U
V
tree, royal ‰¡Àâ «ßÀâ“¡ª√–‡¿∑ °. „µâ¢Õß°‘Ëßµ√ß∫√‘‡«≥¢âÕ‡æ◊ËÕ„À⇰‘¥√“° W
X
tree, sapwood µπâ ‰¡·â °πà  ®’ “ß*, µπâ ‰¡â°“π ß“à ¬¢π÷È ) Y
Z
‰¡µà “¬* trestle ‚§√ß∞“π*

tree, seed ·¡à‰¡â, ‰¡â‡™◊ÈÕ trestle, framed ‚§√ß∞“π‰¡‡â À≈ˬ’ ¡*

tree, suppressed µâπ‰¡â∂Ÿ°¢¡à ∫—ߧ—∫ trestle, pile ‚§√ß∞“π‰¡°â ≈¡*

tree, tail ‡ “√–¬“ß∑“â ¬* (S. tail spar) tri-  “¡ À√◊Õ “¡‡∑“à

tree, trap µπâ ‰¡¥â °— ·¡≈ß triad ‡ªπì ®”π«π “¡

tree, virgin µπâ ‰¡¬â ß— ‰¡‡à ®“–¬“ß* (S. round) trial, field °“√∑¥≈Õß¿“§ π“¡

tree, weed µπâ ‰¡âπÕâ ¬§“à trial, yield ·ª≈߇ª√¬’ ∫‡∑¬’ ∫º≈º≈µ‘

tree, wolf µπâ ‰¡â‡°–°– triangular system ¥Ÿ hexagonal system

tree cal(l)iper ·§≈‡‘ ªÕ√å«¥— ‰¡*â tributary ·§«, ≈”πÈ” “¢“

tree-creeper, brown-throated 𰇪≈Õ◊ °- trichina 欓∏‘„π‡πÈÕ◊ À¡Ÿ

‰¡â (π°„π °≈ÿ Certhia femiliaris) trichinosis ‚√§∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“°æ¬“∏‘„π‡π◊ÕÈ À¡Ÿ

tree injection °“√„À â “√‡§¡ª’ ÕÑ ß°π— °”®¥— ‚√§ trichome ¢π·¢Áß,  à«π¢Õßæ◊™∑’ˬË◊πÕÕ°®“°

·°àµâπ‰¡â ‚¥¬°“√„™âÀ≈Õ¥©’¥‡¢“â ‰ª„πµπâ ‡´≈≈ºå «‘ Õ“®¡≈’ °— …≥–‡ªπì ‡°≈¥Á À√Õ◊ √ªŸ Õπ◊Ë

tree marking °“√À¡“¬‰¡*â , °“√µµ’ √“ª√–®” trickle ‰À≈ÕÕ°‡ªìπÀ¬¥

µπâ * (S. timber marking) tricolpate ¡’ 3 √àÕß

tree nail : trenail ≈Ÿ° ≈—°* (S. trunnel) tricuspid  “¡·©°

tree nutrition Õ“À“√æ™◊ ª“É ‰¡â tridax µπ’ µ°ÿä ·°(«™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ√Õâ π„π °≈ÿ Tridax

tree of paradise ª“√‘™“µ‘ (µâπ‰¡â °ÿ≈ procumbens, L.)

Erythrina indica, L.) trifoliate ¡’ 3 „∫

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 304

A trifoliolate ¡’„∫‡ªπì ·©° 3 ·©° À√Õ◊ ¡’„∫¬Õà ¬ trogon π°¢ÿπ™â“ߢÿπ·ºπ (π°„π °ÿ≈
Harpactes sp.)
B 3 „∫
troll ‡∫¥Á ≈“° (‡§√ËÕ◊ ß¡◊Õ®—∫ —µ«åπÈ”™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß)
C trigonal ¡’ 3 ‡À≈Ë’¬¡ trolley √∂‡¢πÁ , √∂√“ß, ‡≈ËÕ◊ π
D tropic ageratum À≠â“ “∫·√âß (¥Ÿ blue top)
E trim 1. ‡»…ª≈“¬‰¡â* (S. ends, offcut) tropical evergreen forest ªÉ“¥‘∫™È◊π
tropical farming ‡°…µ√°√√¡‡¢µ√Õâ π
F 2. µ—¥ª≈“¬* (S. clip, end butt) tropical monsoon climate ¿Ÿ¡‘Õ“°“»·∫∫
G 3. µ°·µßà , µ¥— ·µßà * (‰¡â∫“ß) 4. ≈¥‘ °ßË‘ *
¡√ ¡ÿ ‡¢µ√âÕπ
H (S. lop, sned) tropical rain forest ª“É ¥‘∫™πÈ◊ , ªÉ“™πÈ◊ ‡¢µ√âÕπ
tropical rain forest climate ¿¡Ÿ ‘Õ“°“»·∫∫
I trim, allowance for §«“¡¬“«‡ºÕË◊ *
ªÉ“Ωπ‡¢µ√âÕπ
J trimmer Õªÿ °√≥·å µàßµπâ ‰¡â tropical savanna climate : tropical savan-

K trimming °“√·µàßæÿ¡à , °“√√Õπ°Ëß‘ nah climate ¿Ÿ¡Õ‘ “°“»·∫∫∑ÿàßÀ≠“â ‡¢µ
L √Õâ π, ¿¡Ÿ Õ‘ “°“»·∫∫Ωπ‡¡Õ◊ ß√Õâ π‡©æ“–ƒ¥Ÿ
M trimming, open-center °“√·µßà °ßË‘ ·∫∫∑√ß tropics ‡¢µ√âÕπ
tropism °“√ßÕ‚§âߢÕßæ◊™‡π◊ËÕß®“°‰¥â√—∫ Ë‘ß
N ·®°—π ‚¥¬°“√∫—ߧ—∫„Àâ°‘ËßÕÕ°∫√‘‡«≥®ÿ¥ °√–µπâÿ ®“°¿“¬πÕ°
O „°≈⇧’¬ß°π— tropophyte æ™◊ ∑π™◊Èπ∑π·≈âß
trough √“ß, ∂“¥
P trimorphic ¡’ 3 √ªŸ truck √∂∫√√∑ÿ°, √∂°√–∫–
truck, fork √∂¬°·∫∫ß“à ¡*
Q trioecious æ◊™∑’Ë¡¥’ Õ°µ—«ºâŸ ¥Õ°µ«— ‡¡¬’ ·≈– truck, straddle √∂¬°·∫∫§√àÕ¡* (S.
straddle-carrier)
R ¥Õ° ¡∫√Ÿ ≥‡å æ» Õ¬·àŸ ¬°µπâ °—π truck farming °“√∑”‰√ºà °— ¢π àß
truck logger §πß“π∑”‰¡â¥«â ¬√∂*
S triple shooting °“√„ àªÜÿ¬ “¡™π‘¥„µâº‘«¥‘π truck logging °“√¢π´ÿߥ⫬√∂∫√√∑°ÿ *
T
U („™â°—∫ªÜÿ¬∑Ë’¡’ ¡∫—µ‘‡¢â“°—π‰¡à‰¥â ‚¥¬

V ª≈Õà ¬ªÜÿ¬º“à π∑Õà  “¡∑Õà ·¬°®“°°π— )
W triploid ¡’‚§√‚¡‚´¡ 3 ™ÿ¥ (3n)

X trip line  “¬¥÷ß°≈∫— *

Y tripod, loading ªôíπ®Ë—π “¡¢“*

Z triquetrous ¡’‡À≈¬’Ë ¡µ“¡¥â“𬓫 3 Õ—π

trisomic æ◊™∑Ë’¡’‚§√‚¡‚´¡™π¥‘ ‡¥’¬«°π— 3 µ«—

(2n + 1) ∂Ⓡæ¡Ë‘ 2 §Õ◊ ‡ªπì 2n + 2 ‡√’¬°

«à“ tetrasomic (¥Ÿ aneuploids)

triternate  “¡‡∑à“¢Õß 3 truck gardening ¥Ÿ truck farming

triuret (∑—∫»—æ∑å), ªÜÿ¬‰π‚µ√‡®π≈–≈“¬™â“ true aloe «à“πÀ“ß®√‡¢â (¥Ÿ medicine plant)

™π¥‘ ÀπË÷ß true berry º≈´Ë÷߇π◊ÈÕº≈ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬‡´≈≈å

trochomoniasis ‚√§™π‘¥ÀπË÷ß∑”„Àâªï°¡¥≈Ÿ° ®“°√ß— ‰¢à·∑Êâ ‡™àπ ¡–‡øÕó ß ¡–‡¢◊Õ‡∑»

Õ—°‡ ∫ ™àÕߧ≈Õ¥¡’ÀπÕß ·≈–∑”„Àâ —µ«å true mean ¡™— ¨¡‘ ª√–™“°√* (S. population

·∑â߉¥â mean)

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

305

true measure °“√«—¥ª√‘¡“µ√®√‘ß* tube-well 1. ∫àÕπ”È „µâ¥‘π (‡®“–∑àÕ≈÷°≈߉ª A
B
true volume ª√¡‘ “µ√®√ß‘ * (S. solid volume) ®π∂÷ß™—Èππ”È „µâ¥‘π·≈â« Ÿ∫π”È ¢÷Èπ¡“) C
D
true wood ·°πà * 2. ∫àÕπ”È æÿ E
F
truffle ·Àâ« (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Eleocharis tubular ‡ªìπÀ≈Õ¥* G
H
toberosa, Schult., ¥Ÿ water chestnut) tuff (∑—∫»—æ∑)å , Àπ‘ ∑’ˉ¥®â “°°“√µ°∑—∫∂¡¢Õß I
J
truffle, Chinese ·Àâ«®’π [æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ ‡∂â“¿‡Ÿ ¢“‰ø K
L
Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.f.) Hensehel] tug 1. ‡√◊Õ‚¬ß* 2. √∂ “≈*’Ë M
N
(¥Ÿ water chestnut) tule ∏ŸªƒÂ…’ (¥Ÿ narrowleaf cattail) O
P
trumpet honey · ßÕ√ÿ≥ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ tumid ∫«¡À√◊ÕæÕß Q
R
Campsis chinensis, Voss. ·≈– Casua- tumour ‡πÈ◊ÕßÕ° S
T
rina equisetifolia, L.) tundra ∑Ë’√“∫„À≠à„π‡¢µÕ“°“»Àπ“«∑“ß U
V
trumpet vine ¥Ÿ trumpet honey ·∂∫‡ÀπÕ◊  ¥ÿ ¢Õ߬‚ÿ √ª Õ‡¡√°‘ “‡ÀπÕ◊ ·≈– W
X
truncate ªÑ“π,  «à πª≈“¬À√◊Õ∞“π∑Ë¡’ ≈’ —°…≥– ‡Õ‡´¬’ Y
Z
µ¥— , µ¥— µ√ß tung oil π”È ¡—π∑ß— *, πÈ”¡—π¡–¬“«*

truncated profile (soil) (¥π‘ ) ∑˺’ «‘ ™π—È ∫π∂°Ÿ tunic ‡¬Õ◊Ë ∫“߇°“–°—πÀ≈«¡Ê ∫√‡‘ «≥º‘«πÕ°

°—¥°√àÕπ ·µà‰¡à„™‡à ´≈≈ºå «‘ (epidermis) æ∫„π corm

truncation °“√°—¥°√Õà π À√Õ◊ bulb

truncheon ‡Àßâ“ tunica ™—πÈ ‡´≈≈å√Õ∫Ê apical meristem ·∫àß

trunk ≈”µâπ* (¢Õ߉¡¬â π◊ µâπ) µ—«∑“ߥâ“πµ—È߉¥â©“°°—∫º‘« ‡°‘¥≈âÕ¡√Õ∫

trunk rot °“√º∑ÿ ≈’Ë ”µâπ* corpus

trunnel ≈°Ÿ  ≈°— * tunicate ¡’ tunic, ¡™’ Èπ— À√Õ◊ ‡ª≈Õ◊ °‡√¬’ ß´âÕπ

truss ‚§√ߧȔ¬—π* ‡¢“â  àŸ‡ âπº“à »πŸ ¬å°≈“ß

tube, planting °√–∫Õ°ª≈°Ÿ tunnel √Ÿ·¡≈ß

tuber À—« (·∫∫¡—πΩ√—Ëß) [≈”µâπ∑Ë’¡’≈—°…≥– tunnel kiln ‡µ“Õ∫·∫∫µÕà ‡πÕË◊ ß*

Õ«∫ π—È ¡’°≈à¡ÿ µ“ (eye) Õ¬à√Ÿ Õ∫Ê] tunnel ventilation √Ÿ√–∫“¬≈¡

tubercle ªÉÿ¡, À—«¢π“¥‡≈Á°À√◊Õ à«π∑Ë’¡’ tup µÿâ¡°√–·∑°*

≈°— …≥–°≈¡Ê ¬πË◊ ÕÕ°‰ª turbinate √Ÿª°√«¬À«— °≈—∫

tubercular 1. ‡ªπì ª¡Éÿ 2. ‡ªπì ‚æ√ß°≈¡ (ª¡.) turbine °—ßÀ—π, ‡§√Ë◊Õß°≈‰°∑Ë’À¡ÿπ·≈â«∑”„Àâ

tuberose ´àÕπ°≈‘Ëπ (‰¡â¥Õ°„π °ÿ≈ ‡ª≈’Ë¬π ¿“æ‡§≈Õ◊Ë π∑¢Ë’ ÕßÊ ‰À≈

Polianthes tuberosa, L.) turbine pump ‡§√◊ËÕß Ÿ∫™π‘¥·√߇À«Ë’¬ß

tuberous ‡ªìπÀ—«, ¡’À«— ¡’„∫æ—¥À≈“¬™ÿ¥ ™à«¬¥—ππÈ”„Àâ¡’§«“¡¥—π

 Ÿß‰¥â

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 306

A turbocharger ‡§√Ë◊ÕßÕ—¥Õ“°“» („∫æ—¥Õ—¥ tusky ¡’ß“
twig °Ëß‘ , ·¢πß¢π“¥‡≈Á°¢Õßæ◊™
B Õ“°“»„À⇢ⓠŸà‡§√Ë◊Õ߬πµå‡æË‘¡¢÷Èπ ∑”„Àâ twin band-mill ‚√߇≈Ë◊Õ¬À√◊Õ‡§√Ë◊Õ߇≈◊ËÕ¬

C  π— ¥“ª‡™Õ◊È ‡æ≈‘߉¥â¥’¢Èπ÷ )  “¬æ“π·Ω¥*
twine ‡≈◊ÈÕ¬æ—π
D turf  π“¡À≠â“, À≠“â ∑Ë·’ ´–‡ªπì ·ºπà Ê, ªŸ¥â«¬ twiner ‡∂“«≈— ¬å, ‰¡‡â ≈È◊Õ¬, ‰¡â‡∂“‡«’¬π, æ™◊ ‡∂“
E
F À≠â“, ª°§≈ÿ¡¥«â ¬À≠“â ´ß÷Ë ¢È÷πæ—πµâπ‰¡âÀ√◊ÕÀ≈°—
twinning °“√‡°¥‘ ≈°Ÿ ·Ω¥, °√√¡«∏‘ ∑’ ∑Ë’ ”„À‡â °¥‘
G turgid ‡µßà µ—«
H turgidity, relative §«“¡‡ª≈ßà ª≈ßË—  ¡— æ∑— ∏å ≈°Ÿ ·Ω¥
twist ∫¥‘
I turgor ‡µßà , §«“¡‡µßà twisted fibre ‡ ’¬È π∫‘¥*
twisted grain ‡ È’¬π∫‘¥*
J turgor pressure ·√ߥ—π¿“¬„π‡´≈≈å ‡°¥‘ ®“° twister ‰¡â¢—π™–‡π“–*
twitch ™—°≈“°µ“¡æÈ◊π¥π‘ *
K °“√¥Ÿ¥´÷¡π”È ¢Õß™àÕß«à“߇≈Á°Ê „π‡´≈≈å two-faced tie ‰¡âÀ¡Õπ¢“â ß¡π* (S.pole tie)
two-feet method (fire) °“√ª√“∫‰ø‚¥¬∑”
L (vaccuole) ·≈–°“√°≈π◊ πÈ” (imbibition)
·π«°—π‰øÀ“à ß 2 øµÿ
M ¢Õß‚ª√‚µæ≈“ ´Ë—¡ two-hack girdle  ∫— °“π√Õ¬§Ÿà*
N turion ÀπÕà ÕÕà π∑‡’Ë æ‘ßË ‚º≈æà âπ¥π‘ (S. offset, two-men saw ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬¡Õ◊ §à*Ÿ
O two-pinnate ¥Ÿ decompound
P offshoot, sucker) two-ply (‰¡Õâ ¥— )  Õß™—πÈ *
two-sled ‡≈◊ÕË πæà«ß§Ÿà* (S.double sled)
Q turmeric ¢¡‘Èπ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Curcuma two-storeyed high forest system √–∫∫
R zedoeria, Rosc.)
ª“É  Ÿß ÕßæÈπ◊ ™È—π
S turn ‡∑ˬ’ «* (‰ª-°≈—∫, √∂∫√√∑ÿ°) two-storey tapping °“√°√’¥À√◊Õ°“√‡®“–

T turn-around ≈“π°≈—∫√∂*  Õß™π—È *
Tyler screen series ™ÿ¥µ–·°√ß¡“µ√∞“π
U turn-out ∑’Ëæ—°√∂√‘¡∑“ß*, ∑’ËÀ≈’°√∂*
¢Õ߉∑‡≈Õ√å (µ–·°√ß¡“µ√∞“π∑Ë’„™â„π
V (S. lay-by) °“√§—¥¢π“¥Õπÿ¿“§¥‘πÀ√◊ÕªÜÿ¬¡’Õ¬àŸ 2
√–∫∫ §◊Õ √–∫∫ U.S. standard À√◊Õ
W turning-radius √—»¡’«ß‡≈¬’È «* (√∂) (S.wheel ASTM ·≈– √–∫∫ Tyler)
X tylosis °“√‡®√‘≠¢Õ߇´≈≈åÕ—πÀπ÷Ë߇¢â“‰ª„π
Y lock) ™Õà ß«“à ߢÕ߇´≈≈Õå °’ Õπ— Àπ÷Ëß
Z turnip À«— º°— °“¥ (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Brassica rapa,

L.)

turpentine π”È ¡—π π*

turpentine, gum πÈ”¡—π π®“°¬“ß*

turpentine, wood π”È ¡π—  π®“°‰¡â*

turpentine borer ¥«â ß π*

turpentining °“√‡®“–¬“ß π*

tush ™°— ≈“°µ“¡æ◊Èπ¥π‘ *

tusk ß“ (™â“ß)

tusker (™â“ß) µ«— ∑¡Ë’ ’ß“, (À¡ªŸ É“) µ—«∑¡’Ë ‡’ ¢¬’È «

‚ßâß

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

307

type ™π¥‘ À√◊Õæ«° typical flower ¥Õ°‰¡â∑Ë’∂◊Õ‡ªìπ·∫∫Õ¬à“ß, A
B
type-specimen µ—«Õ¬à“ß™π‘¥¡“µ√∞“π, ¥Õ°‰¡â∑Ë’ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬°â“π¥Õ° ∞“π¥Õ° C
D
µ—«Õ¬à“ß·ÀâߢÕßæ◊™∑’Ë∑√“∫™Ë◊Õ·≈â« „™â °≈’∫√Õß °≈’∫¥Õ° ‡° √µ«— ºâŸ ·≈–‡° √ E
F
‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫≈—°…≥–¢Õßæ◊™∑Ë’‡√“¬—߉¡à µ—«‡¡’¬ G
H
∑√“∫™Õ◊Ë tyre-tube process °√√¡«∏‘ ’„™â¬“ß„π* I
J
U K
L
u.b. (underbark) µ.ª. („µ‡â ª≈◊Õ°*) unbranched ray ´ÕË’ àÕπ∑’ˉ¡à‡ªìπ·©° (ª¡.) M
N
udder ‡µâ“π¡ uncinate ¡¢’ Õ‚ßßâ µ√ߪ≈“¬ O
udometer ¡“µ√π”È Ωπ undercut 1. ∫“°≈à“ß, √Õ¬∫“°≈à“ß*, √Õ¬ P
Q
ulcer ·º≈Õ—°‡ ∫¿“¬„π, ·º≈À≈ÿ¡ ∫“°Àπâ“* (S.box, dip, gullet, kerf, R
ultimate strength ·√ߪ√–≈—¬* mouth, notch, sink) 2. °“√µ—¥πâÕ¬ S
T
ultimate stress §«“¡‡§πâ ª√–≈—¬* °«“à °”Àπ¥* 3. °“√µ—¥√“°„π·ª≈ß U
ultra basic rock Àπ‘ ∑Ë’‡ªπì ¥à“ß¡“° undergrowth æ™◊ ™π—È ≈à“ß V
W
ultrasonic §≈Ë◊π‡ ’¬ß∑Ë’¡’§«“¡∂’Ë Ÿß°«à“∑’Ë underground runoff πÈ”‰À≈∫“à „µ¥â ‘π X
Y
ª√– “∑ÀŸ¢Õß§π®–‰¥â¬‘π underplant, to ª≈°Ÿ „µ√â ¡à ‰¡â Z

umbel ™àÕ¥Õ°ª√–‡¿∑ indeterminate °“â π underrun  à«π¢“¥*
¥Õ°„π™àÕ¥Õ°‡®√‘≠ÕÕ°®“°®ÿ¥ À√◊Õ understock ¥Ÿ rootstock
∫√‡‘ «≥ ‡¥¬’ «°π— ∑”„À¥â §Ÿ ≈“â ¬√¡à ‡™πà º°— ™’ understorey ‰¡âæ™◊ ™π—È ≈à“ß

umbellate ‡ªπì ™àÕ¥Õ°§≈⓬√à¡ (umbel) underwood ‰¡â™Èπ— ≈à“ß
umbelliform §≈“â ¬™àÕ¥Õ°·∫∫ umbel undifferentiated (soil) group Àπ«à ¬(¥‘π)

umbilicate ∫ãÿ¡À√Õ◊ ‡«“â ≈ßµ√ß «à π°≈“ß ‰¡ à ¡— æ—∑∏,å Àπ૬(¥π‘ )»°— ¬‡å  ¡Õ

umbo  «à π∑Ë’¬Ëπ◊ ÕÕ°¡“®“°º‘«¡≈’ °— …≥–§≈“â ¬ undisturbed soil ¥‘π ¿“æ∏√√¡™“µ‘

°≈⫬ undisturbed soil sample µ—«Õ¬“à ߥ‘π ¿“æ
umbrella sedge °° (¥Ÿ common sedge) ∏√√¡™“µ‘
umbrella tree À°Ÿ «“ß (¥Ÿ Singapore almond)
unarmed ‰¡à¡À’ π“¡ undressed ‰¡à‰¥â‰ * (S.unwrought)
undulate ‡ªìπ§≈◊πË *

unavailable nutrient ∏“µÿÕ“À“√´÷ËßÕ¬àŸ„π√ªŸ undulating ( ¿“ææπÈ◊ ∑Ë’) ≈Ÿ°§≈Ë◊π≈Õπ≈“¥
∑Ë’æ◊™„™âª√–‚¬™πå‰¡à‰¥â unedged (u/e) ‰¡à‡≈Ë◊Õ¬¢â“ß*
uneven-aged µà“ß√àÿπ
unavailable water π”È ∑’Ëæ◊™‡Õ“‰ª„™â‰¡à‰¥â uneven grain ‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡à‡ ¡Õ°—π*
‡æ√“–∂°Ÿ ¥Ÿ¥µ‘¥Õ¬°àŸ —∫Õπ¿ÿ “§¥‘π

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 308

A uneven texture ‡πÈ◊Õ‰¡à‡ ¡Õ°π— * unsaturated flow °“√‰À≈·∫∫‰¡Õà Ë‘¡µ«—
unseasoned ‰¡à‰¥ºâ ÷ßË *
B unexacting ∑π‰¡‡à ≈Õ◊ °∑’Ë unserviceable (u/s) „™ßâ “π‰¡à‰¥â*
unsorted (u/s) ‰¡à‰¥â§—¥*
C unfacial leaf „∫´÷Ëß¡¥’ â“πº«‘ 2 ¥“â π‡À¡Õ◊ π°—π unsound knot µ“ºÿ*
D unsulfonated residue : u.r. ¡“µ√«¥— §«“¡
E unguiculate ≈°— …≥–§≈“â ¬Õßÿâ ¡Õ◊
∫√‘ ÿ∑∏Ï‘À√◊Õ§«“¡ª≈Õ¥¿—¬¢Õßπ”È ¡—π∑Ë’
F unhulled ´ßË÷ ¬—߉¡°à √–‡∑“–‡ª≈Õ◊ ° æπà ∂÷ß„∫æ™◊ (∂“â π”È ¡π— ¡’ u.r. 87% À√◊Õ
G unhumified «µ— ∂∑ÿ ¬Ë’ ß— §ßµ°§“â ßÕ¬àŸ‰¡∂à °Ÿ ‡ª≈¬’Ë π ¡“°°«“à ∂◊Õ«“à ‰¡‡à ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬µàÕ„∫)
unwrought ‰¡à‰¥â‰ * (S. undressed)
H „À⇪ìπŒ‘«¡— À≈—ß®“°°“√ ≈“¬µ—«¢Õß upgrading °“√º ¡æ—π∏ÿå‡æË◊Õ¬°√–¥—∫‡≈◊Õ¥
( «.)
I Õ‘π∑√’¬«—µ∂ÿ upland ∑ Ë’ ߟ , ∑’Ë√“∫ Ÿß
upland crop farmer ™“«‰√à
J unicellular ‡´≈≈凥¬’ « upland soil ¥π‘ ‰√à, ¥‘π∑¥’Ë Õπ
uplift soil °“√¬°µ«— *
K unifoliolate „∫¬Õà ¬Õπ— ª≈“¬ ¥ÿ ¢Õß„∫√«¡ ‡°¥‘ upper limit æ°‘ ¥— ∫π
L upright growth °“√‡®√‘≠∑“ß «à π ßŸ
M Õ¬‡Ÿà ¥Ë’¬«Ê upright ray cell ‡´≈≈√å —»¡’µßÈ— *
uproot ∂Õπ√“°
N uniform system √–∫∫µ—¥(‰«√â à¡)‚¥¬‡Õ°√Ÿª upset 1. §¥— ™πÿ ∫∫’ * 2. ‡ªÕ√‡å ´πÁ µ°å “√¥¥— ‚§ßâ *
O unigeneric æ◊™∑’˪√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ °ÿ≈‡¥’¬«„π upset price √“§“¢—πÈ µË”*
upsets °“√‡¥“–®“°·√ßÕ¥— * (S. compression
P µ√–°Ÿ≈

Q unijugate „∫√«¡∑’Ë¡’„∫¬àÕ¬‡æ’¬ß 1 §àŸ

R unilateral ¥â“π‡¥¬’ «

S unilaterally compound pitting °“√‡√¬’ ßµ«—
T
U À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈å·∫∫√«¡‡ªπì ÀπË÷ß

V unilocular ¡™’ àÕß«“à ß¿“¬„π√—߉¢à 1 ™àÕß
W uniseriate ray √—»¡’·∂«‡¥¬’ «*

X unisexual ¡‡’ 滇¥¬’ « ‡™πà ¥Õ°µ«— ‡¡’¬ À√Õ◊

Y ¥Õ°µ—«ºŸâ

Z univalent ‚§√‚¡‚´¡∑ÕË’ ¬‚Ÿà ¥¥‡¥¬’Ë «‰¡‡à °¥‘ °“√

®—∫§Ÿà (synapsis) °∫— ‚§√‚¡‚´¡Õ◊πË ∑”„Àâ failure)

‡°‘¥°“√·ª√ª√«π¢Õß≈°— …≥–„π Ëß‘ ¡’™’«µ‘ upstroke ™«à ß™°— ¢π÷È (™«à ß∑≈’Ë °Ÿ  ∫Ÿ ‡§≈Õ◊Ë π∑¢Ë’ π÷È

univalve ÀÕ¬°“∫‡¥’¬«  àŸ»Ÿπ¬åµ“¬∫π)

universe ª√–™“°√ ( .) urban land ∫√‘‡«≥∑™’Ë ¡ÿ ™π

unloader Õÿª°√≥å∑’Ë„™â∂à“¬‡∑«— ¥ÿÕÕ°®“° urceolate ‡ªìπ√Ÿª‚°» (urn)

‡§√Ë◊Õß®—°√Õÿª°√≥å urea-ammonia liquors  “√≈–≈“¬¬Ÿ‡√’¬

unnamed soil (mapping unit) Àπ«à ¬¢Õß ·Õ¡‚¡‡π’¬ (ªÜÿ¬‰π‚µ√‡®π‡À≈« ¡’

·ºπ∑’Ë´÷ßË ¬—߉¡à‰¥â„Àâ™Õ◊Ë ‰π‚µ√‡®π 28-32 ‡ªÕ√凴Áπµ)å

unrooted ‰¡¡à ’√“° urea-feed grade ¬‡Ÿ √’¬‡°√¥Õ“À“√ —µ«å

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

309

urea-form : urea-form fertilizer material usable life Õ“¬ÿ°“√„™ßâ “π A
B
« — ¥ÿªÜ¬ÿ ¬‡Ÿ √¬’ øÕ√¡å utensil ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß§√—«, ‡§√◊ÕË ß„™â¿“¬„π§√—« C
D
urea phosphate (∑—∫»—æ∑)å , ª¬ÿÜ ‡§¡™’ 𥑠ÀπßË÷ uterus ¡¥≈Ÿ°¢Õß µ— «å E
F
urea resin ‡√´π‘ ™π¥‘ ¬Ÿ‡√’¬ utilization °“√„™âª√–‚¬™πå G
H
urease (∑∫— »æ— ∑)å , ‡Õπ‰´¡´å ß÷Ë ™«à ¬‡√àߪؑ°√‘ ‘¬“ utilization percent(age) ‡ªÕ√凴Áπµå°“√„™â I
J
·¬° ≈“¬¥â«¬π”È ¢Õ߬Ÿ‡√’¬ (¡’·À≈àß ª√–‚¬™π*å K
L
°”‡π‘¥®“°®≈ÿ π‘ ∑√¬’ åÀ≈“¬™π¥‘ ¡’Õ¬Ÿà„π¥π‘ utricle º≈∑Ë’¡‡’ ¡≈Á¥‡æ¬’ ß 1 ‡¡≈Á¥ (Õ“®¡“° M
N
∑«Ë— ‰ª) °«à“ 1 °Á‰¥â) ‡¡≈Á¥¡’¢π“¥‡≈Á° Àÿ⡥⫬ O
P
urease inhibitor µ—«¬—∫¬È—߬Ÿ√’‡Õ  (‡æ◊ËÕ≈¥ ‡ª≈◊Õ°º≈ (pericarp) ´÷Ëß¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ Q
R
Õµ— √“ªØ‘°√‘ ¬‘ “·¬° ≈“¬¥â«¬π”È ¢Õߪܬÿ ) ‡¬ÕË◊ ∫“ß ‡™πà º≈º—°‚¢¡ ‡ªìπµâπ S
T
urea solution  “√≈–≈“¬¬Ÿ‡√¬’ uva Õßπÿà (¥Ÿ grape) U
V
uric acid °√¥¬√Ÿ ‘° (°√¥Õπ‘ ∑√’¬´å Ëß÷ æ∫„π¡Ÿ≈ uva grass À≠â“æßÕâÕ, ·¢¡ [«—™æ◊™‡¢µ√Õâ π W
X
 —µ«åªï° ‡¡◊ËÕÕ¬àŸ„π¥‘π®– ≈“¬µ—«„Àâ „π °ÿ≈ Gynerium sagittatum, (Aubl.) Y
Z
‰π‚µ√‡®π∑Ë’‡ªπì ª√–‚¬™πµå àÕæ◊™) Beauv.]

urine ªí  “«–

V

vaccinate ª≈Ÿ°Ωï, ©¥’ ¬“ √â“ß¿¡Ÿ ‘§¡ÿâ °π— ‚√§„Àâ  ≠ÿ ≠“°“»*
·°à —µ«å vacuole ™àÕß«à“߇≈Á°Ê „π‡´≈≈å ¢â“ß„π®–¡’

vaccine  “√∑™’Ë «à ¬ √“â ß¿¡Ÿ §‘ ¡ÿâ °π— ‚√§„À·â ° à µ— «å Õ“°“»À√◊Õ¢Õ߇À≈«∫“ß™π‘¥ ™àÕßπ’ȇªìπ
vaccuum cooling °“√≈¥§«“¡¥—π√Õ∫Ê  «à πÀπßË÷ ¢Õß‚ª√‚µæ≈“ µå
vaginate ¡°’ “∫Àÿ¡â
º≈º≈‘µ≈ß„π√–¬–‡«≈“Õ—π È—π (ª√–¡“≥ vallecular ¡√’ Õà ß∫πº≈
5-50 π“∑’) ®–∑”„Àâº≈º≈‘µ√–‡À¬π”È valley fill Àÿ∫‡¢“∑’Ë¡’°“√∑—∫∂¡, æÈ◊π∑Ë’∑—∫∂¡
ÕÕ°Õ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á« ∑”„À⇰‘¥§«“¡‡¬Áπ¢È÷π À∫ÿ ‡¢“
‚¥¬µ√ß®“°º°— À√◊Õº≈‰¡â valley flat ∑Ë√’ “∫„πÀÿ∫‡¢“, ∑√Ë’ “∫≈à¡ÿ √–À«à“ß
vacuum, final  ≠ÿ ≠“°“» ÿ¥∑⓬* À∫ÿ ‡¢“
vacuum, initial  ≠ÿ ≠“°“»‡√¡Ë‘ µâπ* value, capital §à“∑ÿπ∑√æ— ¬å¥π‘ ·≈–ªÉ“‰¡â
vacuum drying °“√∑”„À≡â·Àâߥ⫬ value, cost §à“µâπ∑πÿ
 ÿ≠≠“°“»* value, exploitation §à“º≈‘µº≈∑’Ë„ ™â
vaccuum pump ªí¡ö  ÿ≠≠“°“» ª√–‚¬™π剥â
vacuum seasoning °“√∑”„À≡â·Àâߥ⫬

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 310

A value, income §à“√“¬‰¥â (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Ficus elastica var.
variegata)
B value, market §à“ª“É ‰¡¬â π◊ µπâ varieta ¥Ÿ variety
variety æπ— ∏,åÿ æ◊™„π√–¥∫— sub-species, æ™◊
C value, rental §“à √“¬‰¥â ™π‘¥‡¥¬’ «°π— ·µà¡§’ «“¡·µ°µ“à ß°π—
D variety, land æ—π∏æÿå π◊È ‡¡◊Õß
E value, soil expectation §“à §“¥º≈¥π‘ ·≈–ª“É variety, simple æ™◊ ∑’Ë¡¬’ π’ (gene) µ“â π∑“π-
‚√§Õ¬πàŸ Õâ ¬µ—«
F ‰¡â variety, synthetic √ÿàπ≈°Ÿ ∑Ë’‰¥â¡“®“°°“√º ¡
G valvate 1. ‡ªî¥‰¥∑â “ß≈Èπ‘ ‡ª¥î -ªî¥ 2. °“√‡√¬’ ß ·∫∫æ∫°—πÀ¡¥¢Õß “¬æ—π∏ÿå∑Ë’‰¥â√—∫°“√
§—¥‡≈Õ◊ °
H µ—«¢Õß„∫À√◊Õ°≈’∫¥Õ°‚¥¬‡Õ“¢Õ∫¡“ vascular ‡°’¬Ë «°∫— ∑àÕÕ“À“√
vascular bundle ¡¥— ∑àÕπ”È -∑Õà Õ“À“√, °≈¡ÿà
I ·µ–°π— ·µà‰¡à‡√’¬ß´Õâ π°π— 3. ®√¥°π— * ∑Õà ≈”‡≈’¬ß (π”È -Õ“À“√)
vascular cambium ‡¬Õ◊Ë ‡®√≠‘ ∑’Ë„Àâ°”‡π¥‘ ∑àÕ
J valve  à«π¢ÕßΩí°∑Ë’·¬°ÕÕ°‰¥â (º≈·∫∫ πÈ”-∑àÕÕ“À“√
vascular system √–∫∫∑àÕ≈”‡≈’¬ß*
K capsule ‡¡Õ◊Ë ·µ°ÕÕ°®–‡°¥‘ ‡ªπì valve) vascular tissue ‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬◊ÕË ≈”‡≈¬’ ß*
L vascular tracheid ∑àÕ≈”‡≈’¬ßπ”È
M vane 1. „∫æ—¥ 2. §√’∫ vas deferens À≈Õ¥π”Õ ÿ®‘
vase-shaped (training) ∑√ß·®°π— (¥Ÿ train-
N vapor drying °“√∑”„À≡â·Àâߥ⫬‰Õ√âÕπ* ing system)
O vapor pressure deficit §«“¡·µ°µà“ß vasiform ‡ªìπ√Ÿª°√«¬¬“«Ê

P √–À«à“ߪ√‘¡“≥‰ÕπÈ”∑Ë’¡’Õ¬Ÿà®√‘ß °—∫

Q ª√‘¡“≥‰Õπ”È ∑Ë’¡’Õ¬àŸ‚¥¬‰¡à°≈Ë—πµ—«‡ªìπ

R À¬¥π”È ≥ Õ≥ÿ À¿Ÿ¡‘‡¥’¬«°—π

S vapor seasoning °“√∑”„À≡â·Àâߥ⫬
T
U ‰Õ√Õâ π*

V variable µ—«·ª√*
W variable knife-angle mechanism °≈‰°

X ª√—∫¡¡ÿ ªÕ°

Y variable-rate application °“√„ ªà ¬Üÿ µ“à ßÕµ— √“

Z variance §«“¡·ª√ª√«π, ¿“«–§«“¡·ª√ª√«π

variant, geographic ¿Ÿ¡æ‘ π— ∏åÿ vector  Ë◊Õ, æ“À– („π°“√𔇙◊ÈÕ‚√§À√◊ՙȑπ

variate µ—«·ª√*  «à π¢Õß DNA ·ª≈°ª≈Õ¡‡¢“â  Ÿ‡à ´≈≈)å

variation §«“¡º—π·ª√, °“√‡ª≈ˬ’ π·ª≈ß vegetable gardening °“√∑” «πº—°

variation, genetic §«“¡ºπ— ·ª√∑“ß æπ— ∏°ÿ √√¡ vegetable glue °“«æ™◊

variation, phenotypic °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß vegetable profile Àπâ“¢“â ß™«à ߙȗπæ◊™

≈°— …≥–∑“ß™«’ – Õ“®‡°¥‘ ®“°Õ∑‘ ∏‘æ≈¢Õß vegetation 惰…æ√√≥, æ◊™æ√√≥, º°— À≠â“

°√√¡æπ— ∏Àåÿ √Õ◊  ¿“æ·«¥≈Õâ ¡À√Õ◊ ∑ß—È  Õß- vegetation propagation °“√¢¬“¬æπ— ∏∑ÿå √’Ë «¡

Õ¬“à ß ‡Õ“·∫∫-«∏‘ µ’ “à ßÊ ‰«∑â —ßÈ À¡¥ πÕ°®“°°“√

variegated rubber plant ¬“ßÕ‘π‡¥’¬„∫¥“à ß ¢¬“¬æπ— ∏ÿ‚å ¥¬°“√‡æ“–‡¡≈¥Á

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

311

vegetative growth °“√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ∑“ߥâ“π veneer, quarter rotary-cut ‰¡∫⠓ߪհµ“¡ A
B
≈”µπâ ·≈–„∫ √»— ¡’* C
D
vein 1. ‡ πâ „∫ (æƒ.) 2. À≈Õ¥‡≈Õ◊ ¥¥” (™«’ .) veneer, quartered ‰¡â∫“ßΩ“πµ“¡√»— ¡’* E
F
3. ‡ âπ∫πª°ï ·¡≈ß (°Ø’ .) veneer, rotary-cut ‰¡∫⠓ߪհ* (S. peeled G
H
veinlet ‡ πâ ΩÕ¬ veneer) I
J
velamen °≈ÿࡇ´≈≈庑«∑’˧≈ÿ¡√“°Õ“°“»¢Õß veneer, sawn ‰¡∫⠓߇≈◊ÕË ¬* K
L
°≈⫬‰¡â (epiphytic orchids) ∑”„À√â “° veneer, sliced ‰¡â∫“ßΩ“π* M
N
°≈⫬‰¡â¡’§«“¡Àπ“ ·≈– “¡“√∂Õâÿ¡πÈ” veneer, structural ‰¡∫⠓ߪ√–°Õ∫‚§√ß √“â ß* O
P
‰«â‰¥¡â “° veneer, tight ‰¡∫â “ßÀπ“â ‡√’¬∫* Q
R
velocity flux §«“¡‡√Á«°“√‰À≈ veneer block ∑àÕπ‰¡∑â ”‰¡∫â “ß* S
T
velum ‡¬ÕË◊ ∫“ßÊ, ‡¬Õ◊Ë ∫“ß∑Ë’ª¥î ∫π sorus „π veneer bolt ∑Õà π‰¡ªâ Õ°* U
V
‡ø√î åπ veneer caul ·ºπà √ÕßÕ—¥‰¡â∫“ß* W
X
velutinous ¡¢’ π·¢ßÁ µÈß— µ√ߪ°§≈ÿ¡Õ¬àŸ veneer-grafting °“√µÕà °Ëß‘ ·∫∫ veneer (∑” Y
Z
venation °“√‡√¬’ ßµ—«¢Õ߇ âπ„∫ ‚¥¬Ω“π‡ª≈◊Õ°µâπµÕ≈߉ª·µà‰¡à∂÷߇πÈ◊Õ

venation, netted °“√‡√¬’ ßµ«— ¢Õ߇ πâ „∫·∫∫ ‰¡â„À⇪ìπ·º≈¬“« 1-1.5 π‘È« ·≈⫵—¥

µ“¢à“¬ ‚§π‡ª≈◊Õ°∑’ˇ©◊Õπ‰«â„Àâ‡À≈◊Õ‡ªìπ≈‘Èπ —ÈπÊ

venation, parallel °“√‡√’¬ßµ—«¢Õ߇ âπ„∫ Ω“π°Ë‘ßæ—π∏ÿ凪ìπ≈‘Ë¡µ√ß‚§π¢â“ßÀπ÷Ëß „Àâ

·∫∫¢π“π √Õ¬¬“«‡∑à“√Õ¬‡©◊Õπ∫πµâπµÕ ·≈â«

veneer 1. ‰¡â∫“ß* 2. Õ¥— ∑∫— ¥â«¬‰¡â∫“ß* ‡ ¬’ ∫°‘ßË æ—π∏ÿå„Àâµ√ß√Õ¬)

veneer, back ‰¡â∫“ß·ºàπÀ≈ß— * veneer log ´ÿ߉¡∫â “ß*

veneer, cone-cut ‰¡â∫“ߪհ·∫∫∑√ß°√«¬* veneer timber ‰¡â∑”‰¡â∫“ß*

veneer, counter ‰¡â∫“ßÕ¥— √ÕßÀπ“â * venom æ‘… —µ«å (°—¥µàÕ¬)

veneer, crotch ‰¡â∫“ß®“°‚§πß“à ¡* vent √,Ÿ ™Õà ßÕ“°“»

veneer, endy ‰¡∫â “ßΩ“π‡©≈’¬ß* ventilating kiln ‡µ“Õ∫·∫∫√–∫“¬Õ“°“»*

veneer, face ‰¡â∫“ß·ºàπÀπ“â * ventilation °“√√–∫“¬Õ“°“»

veneer, figured ‰¡â∫“ß¡≈’ “¬* ventilation hole ™Õà ß√–∫“¬Õ“°“»

veneer, half-rotary-cut ‰¡∫â “ß°Ë÷ߪհ* ventilator Õªÿ °√≥ å ”À√∫— √–∫“¬Õ“°“»

veneer, half-round ‰¡∫â “ß°Ëß÷ Ω“π* ventral 1.  «à π∑Õâ ß, ¥â“π≈à“ß 2. „µâ„∫

veneer, loose ‰¡â∫“ßÀπâ“À¬“∫* ventral fins §√’∫∑Õâ ß (ª¡.)

veneer, matched ‰¡∫â “ß®¥— ≈“¬* ventricose æÕßÀ√◊Õ∫«¡¥â“π‡¥’¬« (¡“°°«à“

veneer, peeled ‰¡∫⠓ߪհ* (S. rotary-cut gibbous)

veneer) venturosa morada º°“°√Õß (¥Ÿ lantana)

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 312

A venule À≈Õ¥‡≈◊Õ¥¥”‡≈Á° vertical resistance §«“¡µ“â π∑“π®”‡æ“–, °“√
∑’Ëæ◊™µâ“π∑“πµàÕ‡™È◊Õ‚√§‰¥â‡°◊Õ∫∑ÿ°‡™È◊Õ
B venus hair ‡ø√î åπ°“â π¥” (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Adian- [¬°‡«âπ‡™◊ÈÕ∑Ë’¡’¬’π (gene) ´÷Ëß¡’§«“¡
 —¡æ—π∏å°—π„πÕ—π∑’Ë®–∑”„À⇰‘¥‚√§ ®÷ß®–
C tum capillusveneris, L.) ∑”„À⇰¥‘ ‚√§‰¥Õâ ¬“à ß√ÿπ·√ß]
D
E vergins bower æ«ß·°â«¡≥’ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ vertical shear ·√߇©Õ◊ π¢«“ß‡ ¬È’ π*
vertical stack °Õ߉¡â·∫∫¢Õ∫µ—ßÈ *
F Clematis paniculata, Thunb.) verticil «ß
G vermiculite (∑∫— »æ— ∑)å , ·√¥à π‘ ‡Àπ¬’ «™π¥‘ Àπß÷Ë verticillate ‡√’¬ßµ—«‡ªìπ«ß, ™àÕ¥Õ°∑’Ë¥Õ°

H ¡’ ¡∫—µ‘¥Ÿ¥´—∫π”È ‰¥â¥’ „™â‡ªìπ«— ¥ÿª√—∫ ‡√’¬ßµ—«‡ªìπ«ß√Õ∫°â“π™àÕ¥Õ° ‡™àπ
°–‡æ√“ ·¡ß≈—° ‡ªìπµπâ
I  ¿“æªÜÿ¬º ¡À√◊Õ‡ªìπ à«πº ¡¢Õß«— ¥ÿ vertifolia effect ≈—°…≥–°“√∑˧’ «“¡µ“â π∑“π
‰¡®à ”‡æ“–À“¬‰ª ‡¡Õ◊Ë „ ¬à π’ (gene) §«“¡
J ª≈°Ÿ æ™◊ „π‚√߇√◊Õπ µâ“π∑“π®”‡æ“–‡¢â“‰ª„πæ◊™µâπ‡¥’¬«°—π
(æ∏.)
K vermouth ‰«πå∑Ë’ºà“π°“√·™à¥â«¬ ¡ÿπ‰æ√ vervain æπ— ߟ‡¢¬’ « (¥Ÿ cayenne vervain)
L vesicle 1. (∑—∫»—æ∑å), ™àÕß«à“ß„π¥‘π´÷Ëß¡’
M ¡“·≈â« „™â¥◊Ë¡°àÕπÕ“À“√À√◊Õº ¡°—∫ ≈—°…≥–°≈¡ À√◊Õ√Ÿª‰¢à ºπß— ™Õà ß«“à ߇√’¬∫
2. °√–‡ª“–‡≈°Á , ∂ßÿ À√Õ◊ ™Õà ß«“à ß¢π“¥‡≈°Á
N ‡§√ÕË◊ ߥ¡Ë◊ ·Õ≈°ÕŒÕ≈≈å™π¥‘ Õ◊πË Ê ≈—°…≥–°≈¡·∫π ¢â“ß„π¡’¢Õ߇À≈«À√◊Õ
O vernacular æπ◊È ‡¡Õ◊ ß Õ“°“» (S. saccus, sacculus)
vessel ∑àÕ≈”‡≈’¬ßπÈ”·≈–·√à∏“µÿ ‡ªìπ à«π
P vernalization 1. °“√‡√àß√—¥§«“¡ßÕ°‚¥¬„™â ª√–°Õ∫Õ—πÀπË÷ߢÕß∑àÕπÈ” (xylem)

Q Õ≥ÿ À¿¡Ÿ µ‘ ”Ë 2. °“√‡√ßà „Àæâ ™◊ ‡°‘¥¥Õ°·≈–

R º≈‚¥¬∑”„À√â –¬–°“√‡®√≠‘ ∑“ß°ß‘Ë „∫ ¢Õß

S æ◊™ È—π‡¢â“ ‡™àπ ‡Õ“‡¡≈Á¥ À—« À√◊Õµâπ
T
U °≈⓺“à πÕ≥ÿ À¿Ÿ¡‘√Õâ π ≈—∫‡¬Áπ‡ªìπ™«à ßÊ

V vernation °“√‡√’¬ßµ—«¢Õß„∫„𵓵âπ‰¡â
W verrucose ¡’º‘«µ–ª¡Éÿ µ–ªò”

X versatile µ‘¥Õ¬µàŸ √ß°ßË÷ °≈“ß ‡™πà °“â π‡√≥Ÿ µ¥‘

Y Õ¬∫àŸ √‡‘ «≥°ß÷Ë °≈“ßÕ—∫‡√≥Ÿ

Z vertebrate  µ— «¡å ’°√–¥°Ÿ  π— À≈ß—

vertex 1. Àπ⓺“° (·¡≈ß) ∫√‘‡«≥À«à“ßµ“ vessel element ‡´≈≈å∑àÕ≈”‡≈’¬ß

2. ®¥ÿ ¬Õ¥ vessel member Àπ૬∑àÕ≈”‡≈’¬ß

vertical elements ‡´≈≈·å π«µÈß— * (S. axial vessel perforation ™Õà ß∑–≈ªÿ ≈“¬∑àÕ≈”‡≈’¬ß

elements) vestigial Õ«¬— «–∑ˇ’ ®√‘≠‰¡‡à µ¡Á ∑’Ë Õ“®‡À≈◊Õ„Àâ

vertical engine ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¬πµ∑å ¡Ë’ °’ √–∫Õ° ∫Ÿ Õ¬Ÿà ‡ÀÁπ‡æ¬’ ß𑥇¥’¬«

„π·π«¥ßË‘ vesture ¢πÀ√◊Õ à«π¢Õßæ◊™∑Ë’‡°‘¥∫πº‘«πÕ°

vertical fins §√’∫µßÈ— (ª¡.) ¢Õß «à πµ“à ßÊ

vertical grain ∑‡Ë’ ≈◊ÕË ¬µ“¡√»— ¡’* vestured pit À≈ÿ¡ºπß— ‡´≈≈·å ∫∫¡’‡ πâ ΩÕ¬*

vertical line ‡ πâ  π— À≈—ß (ª¡.) veteran ‰¡§â ߉«â‡°π‘ 4 √Õ∫À¡πÿ ‡«¬’ π

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

313

veterinarian  —µ«·æ∑¬å ¢¬“¬µ«— ‡Õ߉¥â„π‡´≈≈ å ‘Ëß¡™’ «’ µ‘ ) A
veterinary ‡°Ë’¬«°∫—  µ— «·æ∑¬å viscid ‡Àπ¬’ « B
vetiver ·Ω°ÀÕ¡ («™— æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Veteveria viscidium ¥Ÿ stigma C
viscosity §«“¡Àπ¥◊ D
zizanioides, Stapf.) visible area (fire) æ◊Èπ∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀπÁ (‰øªÉ“) E
vexillium °≈’∫¥Õ°Õ—π∫π ÿ¥¢Õߥհæ◊™ visible area, slightly screened æ◊πÈ ∑Ë¡’ Õ߉¡à F
G
µ√–°Ÿ≈∂Ë—« ¡’¢π“¥„À≠à°«à“°≈’∫ÕË◊πÊ (¥Ÿ ™¥— H
standard) visible area map ¥Ÿ visibility map I
viability  ¡√√∂ —¡¿“æ, §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√ visibility map ·ºπ∑æË’ Èπ◊ ∑’¡Ë Õ߇ÀÁπ J
§ß™’«µ‘ , §«“¡ “¡“√∂∑ˇ’ ¡≈¥Á ®–ßÕ°·≈– visibility meter (fire) ‡§√Ë◊Õß«¥— ∑»— π« ‘ —¬ K
‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ, §«“¡§ß§«“¡ßÕ° (¢Õß visicular pore ¥Ÿ vesicle L
‡¡≈Á¥) vital ™’«µ‘ M
viable  “¡“√∂‡®√≠‘ ·≈–æ—≤π“µàÕ‰ª‰¥â vitalistic theory ∑ƒ…Æ™’ «’ ∏√ N
vibriosis ‚√§‡°‘¥®“°‡™◊ÈÕ·∫§∑’‡√’¬ ∑”„Àâ vitality ™’«¿“æ, °”≈—ß«ß— ™“·≈–™«’ µ‘ ®‘µ„® O
Õ«—¬«–‡æ»‡¡’¬Õ—°‡ ∫ ¡’ÀπÕß ·≈–Õ“® vitamin  “√Õ‘π∑√’¬å´÷Ëߙ૬‡√àß°√–∫«π°“√ P
∑”„Àâ·∑ßâ ≈°Ÿ ‰¥â Q
vicinism °“√°≈“¬(µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘) (æ∏.) (¥Ÿ ‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑“߇§¡’ (metabolism) R
crooss, out) ¿“¬„π‡´≈≈åæ◊™À√◊Õ µ— «å S
vigor æ≈¿“æ, §«“¡·¢Áß·√ß vitelline membrane ‡¬Õ◊Ë ‰¢·à ¥ß T
villous ¡¢’ 𬓫ÕÕà ππ¡àÿ viticulture °“√∑” «πÕßàπÿ , °“√ª≈°Ÿ Õßÿπà U
villus Õ«¬— «–¥Ÿ¥´¡÷ Õ“À“√ viviparous ™≈“¡æÿ™, ÕÕ°≈Ÿ°‡ªì𵫗 V
vine ‰¡‡â ∂“, ‡∂“«≈— ¬å void ratio Õ—µ√“ «à π™àÕß W
virgate ‡ªπì ·∑ßà µ√߬“« void volume ª√¡‘ “µ√™Õà ß«à“ß* X
virgin acid °√¥§Õà π¢â“ß∫√‘ ∑ÿ ∏‘Ï (A. spent volatile ∑√’Ë –‡À¬ (À√◊Õ°≈“¬‡ªπì ‰Õ) ‰¥ßâ à“¬ Y
acid) volatile oil π”È ¡—π√–‡À¬ßà“¬ Z
virginia copper leaf µ”·¬µ«— ºâŸ («—™æ™◊ ‡¢µ- volatilise √–‡À¬
√Õâ π„π °ÿ≈ Acalpha virginica, L.) volatilization °“√°≈“¬‡ªπì ‰Õ
virgin soil ¥π‘  ¿“æ∏√√¡™“µ‘ volcanic-ash land æ◊πÈ ∑¥’Ë ‘π‡∂“â ¿‡Ÿ ¢“‰ø
virgin tree µâπ‰¡¬â —ß‰¡‡à ®“–¬“ß* (S. round) volcanic crater (ª“°)ª≈Õà ß¿‡Ÿ ¢“‰ø
virology «‘∑¬“‰«√ — voluble æπ— , ¡«â π
virulence ‡™ÕÈ◊ ∑’Ë∑”„À⇰¥‘ ‚√§¢πÈ÷ ‰¥â voluble, loose ª√‘¡“µ√°Õß*
virus ‰«√— , «‘ “ ( ‘Ëß¡’™’«‘µ¢π“¥‡≈Á°¡“° volume, merchantable ª√¡‘ “µ√‡™ß‘ æ“≥™‘ ¬*å ,
 “¡“√∂∑”„À⇰‘¥‚√§µà“ßÊ ‰¥â, ‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈ ª√¡‘ “µ√‰¡â∑’Ë„™â‡ªìπ π‘ §â“‰¥â
¢Õß‚ª√µπ’ ´ß÷Ë ¡’ nucleic acid Õ¬àŸ  “¡“√∂