พจนานุกรมศัพท์เกษตร agricultural_dictionary

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 214

A Persian lilac ‡≈¬’Ë π, ‡°√¬’ π, ‡ ¬’ π (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ ®”·π°πÈ—π°«â“߇°‘π‰ª®π‰¡à “¡“√∂𔉪
·ª≈§«“¡À¡“¬‡æ◊ËÕ°“√„™âª√–‚¬™πå·≈–
B Melia azedarach, L.) °“√®—¥°“√‰¥â ≈—°…≥–∑’Ëπ”¡“„™â„π°“√
·∫àߪ√–‡¿∑¥‘π®–‡ªìπ≈—°…≥–∑’Ë¡’º≈µàÕ
C Persian wheel √–À¥— «¥‘ πÈ” °“√„™ªâ √–‚¬™π·å ≈–°“√®¥— °“√¥π‘
D pheasant ‰°àøÑ“
E persimmon æ≈—∫®’π (‰¡âº≈„π °ÿ≈ pheasant, Siamese fireback ‰°àøÑ“æ≠“≈Õ
( µ— «å„π °≈ÿ Lophura diardi)
F Diospyros kaki, L.) phellem ¥Ÿ cork
G persimmon, common æ≈—∫Ω√Ë—ß (‰¡âº≈„π phelloderm ™π—È ‡´≈≈儵â cork cambium „π
≈”µπâ æ™◊ ∫“ß™π‘¥
H  °≈ÿ Diospyros virginiana, L.) phellogen ‡¬ÕË◊ ‡®√≠‘ ∑ ’Ë √“â ß cork ·≈– phello-
derm
I persistent µ¥‘ Õ¬Ÿà, ‰¡à√«à ßÀ≈àπ pheno · ¥ßÕÕ°
phenology ™æ’ ≈—°…≥«∑‘ ¬“, «∑‘ ¬“°“√∑Ë’‡°’¬Ë «
J personate °≈∫’ ¥Õ°∑’¡Ë ’ª“°„∫·≈–¡’°≈∫’ ¥Õ° °—∫§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ßøÑ“Õ“°“»°—∫
ª√“°Ø°“√≥å¢Õß ß‘Ë ∑’Ë¡’™’«µ‘ ‡™àπ °“√‡°‘¥
K Õ°’ Õπ— ÀπË÷ß´÷ßË Õ¬àµŸ Ë”°«“à ‡°‘¥À¡âÿ Õ¬àŸ ¥Õ°
L phenotype 1. ≈—°…≥–∑’Ë¡Õ߇ÀÁπÀ√◊Õ«—¥‰¥â
M perspective ¿“æ∑Ë·’  ¥ß„À‡â ÀπÁ ‡ªìπ 3 ¡µ‘ ‘ 2. °≈àÿ¡¢Õßæ◊™·µà≈–°≈àÿ¡´÷Ëß¡’≈—°…≥–
¿“¬πÕ°‡À¡◊ÕπÊ °π— ‡™πà §«“¡ ßŸ -‡µ¬È’
N perulate ¡‡’ °≈Á¥  ’µà“ßÊ œ≈œ 3. °“√· ¥ßÕÕ°´Ë÷ß√Ÿª√à“ß
O petal °≈’∫¥Õ°, °≈∫’ „π ≈—°…≥–¢ÕßÕ‘π∑√’¬å∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“°°“√º ¡

P petaloid §≈“â ¬°≈’∫¥Õ°

Q petalous ¡°’ ≈’∫¥Õ°, ¡°’ ≈’∫„π

R petiole °â“π„∫

S petiole analysis °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå°â“π„∫ (‡æË◊Õ
T
U ª√–‡¡π‘ «“à æ™◊ ¡∏’ “µÕÿ “À“√‡æ¬’ ßæÕÀ√Õ◊ ‰¡)à

V petiolule °â“π„∫¬Õà ¬
W petrography »‘≈“«√√≥“

X petrology »‘≈“«‘∑¬“

Y pH dependent charge ª√–®ÿ´÷ËßÕ¬∫Ÿà πæ◊Èπº«‘

Z Õπÿ¿“§¥‘π‡À𒬫∑Ë’º—π·ª√‰¥â‡π◊ËÕß®“°

°“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß pH ¢Õߥπ‘ (ª∞.) À√◊Õ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå√à«¡°—∫ Ë‘ß·«¥≈âÕ¡ ·µà≈Ÿ°

phaenogam ¥Ÿ phanerogam À≈“πÕ“®‰¡à· ¥ß≈—°…≥–‡™àππ—Èπ‡ ¡Õ

phanerogam æπ— ∏åÿ‰¡â∑¡Ë’ ’‡¡≈¥Á ‰ª°Á‰¥â

phanerogamic botany 惰…»“ µ√åæ◊™¡’ phenotype, ratio Õ—µ√“ à«π¢Õß·µà≈–

‡¡≈¥Á phenotype ¿“¬„πª√–™“°√

pharmacognosy ‡¿ ™— ‡«∑, «™‘ “ ¡πÿ ‰æ√ Philippine jade vine æ«ßÀ¬° (‰¡â¥Õ°„π

phase, soil ª√–‡¿∑¥‘π, Àπ૬·ºπ∑Ë’¥‘π´Ë÷ß  °ÿ≈ Strongylodon macrobotrys)

·∫à߬àÕ¬ÕÕ°®“°Àπ૬®”·π°¥‘π„π phloem ∑Õà Õ“À“√*, ∑Õà ≈”‡≈¬’ ßÕ“À“√¢Õßæ™◊

√–¥—∫ÀπË÷ß ‡πË◊Õß®“° ¡∫—µ‘¢ÕßÀπ૬ phloem, included ∑Õà Õ“À“√„π‰¡*â

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

215

phloem, internal ∑àÕÕ“À“√¥â“π„π* photosynthesis °√–∫«π°“√ —߇§√“–Àå· ß, A
B
phloem, primary ∑Õà Õ“À“√ª∞¡¿¡Ÿ ‘* °“√ √â“ߧ“√å‚∫‰Œ‡¥√µ¢Õßæ◊™∑’Ë¡’ ’‡¢’¬« C
phloem, secondary ∑àÕÕ“À“√∑ÿµ‘¬¿Ÿ¡‘* ®“°§“√å∫Õπ‰¥ÕÕ°‰´¥å·≈–πÈ”‚¥¬¡’· ß D
phloem ray √—»¡∑’ àÕÕ“À“√*  «“à ߙ૬ E
phloic ‡°Ë’¬«°—∫∑Õà ≈”‡≈’¬ßÕ“À“√ phototropism °“√‡∫πÀ“À√◊ÕÀπ’· ß «à“ß F
phoenix Àß å (®’π), π°™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß„π𑬓¬ ¢Õßæ™◊ G
pH value §“à · ¥ß§«“¡‡ªπì °√¥-¥“à ß H
ª√¡— ª√“ phycocyanin ‡¡Á¥ ’πÈ”‡ß‘π æ∫„π “À√à“¬ ’ I
phosphate rock À‘πøÕ ‡øµ, À‘π´Ë÷ß¡’·√à ‡¢¬’ «·°¡π”È ‡ß‘π (blue-green algae) J
phycoerythrin ‡¡¥Á  ·’ ¥ß æ∫„π “À√“à ¬ ·’ ¥ß K
· § ≈ ‡ ´Ë’ ¬ ¡ ø ≈Ÿ Õ Õ ø Õ   ‡ ø µ ‡ ªì π Õ ß §å (red algae) L
ª√–°Õ∫À≈—° phycology «‘∑¬“ “À√à“¬ (¥Ÿ algology) M
phosphate sand ∑√“¬øÕ ‡øµ, Àπ‘ øÕ ‡øµ phyllary °≈’∫‡≈’È¬ß (bract) Õ—πÀπË÷ß„π N
‡°√¥µ”Ë ‡πÕ◊Ë ß®“°¡’´≈‘ ‘°“â ‡®◊Õªπլ࡟ “° involucre O
phosphogypsum (∑—∫»—æ∑å), ¬‘ª´Ë—¡∑Ë’‡ªìπ phylloclade °Ë‘ß∑Ë’¡’≈—°…≥–·∫π∑”Àπâ“∑Ë’ P
º≈æ≈Õ¬‰¥â®“°°“√º≈µ‘ °√¥øÕ øÕ√§‘ §≈⓬„∫ Q
phospholipid  “√ª√–°Õ∫æ«°°√¥‰¢¡π— ∑Ë’¡’ phyllodium °â“π„∫∑Ë’¡’≈—°…≥–§≈⓬„∫ R
øÕ ‡øµ‡ªìπÕߧåª√–°Õ∫ ∑”Àπâ“∑Ë’„π ·µà‰¡à¡·’ ºπà „∫ S
°“√¢π àß “√ºà“πºπ—߇´≈≈å æ∫„π phyllosphere Õ“≥“‡¢µÕ∑‘ ∏‘æ≈„∫æ™◊ T
‡πÈÕ◊ ‡¬ÕË◊  ‘ßË ¡’™’«‘µ∑—«Ë ‰ª phyllotaxis (¥Ÿ phyllotaxy) U
phosphorite ¥Ÿ phosphate rock phyllotaxy °“√®¥— ‡√¬’ ßµ—«¢Õß„∫À√◊Õ¥Õ°∫π V
photobezoar ≈°Ÿ °≈¡Ê ∑æË’ ∫Õ¬àŸ„π≈”‰ â¢Õß °‘Ëß (‚¥¬∑Ë—«‰ª∫Õ°‡ªπì ‡»… à«π §◊Õ ‡ªπì W
 µ— «åÕπ— ‡°‘¥®“°¢π¢Õßæ™◊ ∫“ß™π¥‘ Õ—µ√“ à«π¢Õß®”π«π√Õ∫¢Õß°“√‡√’¬ß X
photogrammetry °“√√ß— «¥— ®“°¿“æ∂“à ¬ ·∫∫‡ªìπ‡°≈’¬«¢Õß„∫µàÕ®”π«π„∫¢Õß Y
photo index  “√∫—≠√Ÿª∂à“¬ √Õ∫∑Ëπ’ —∫‰¥)â Z
photo map ·ºπ∑’Ë√Ÿª∂“à ¬ phylogeny ««‘ —≤πª√–«—µ‘, °“√«‘«≤— π“°“√¢Õß
photo mosaic index  “√∫≠— √ªŸ ∂“à ¬¿“溠¡  ßË‘ ∑¡Ë’ ’™«’ µ‘
photoperiod ™à«ß‡«≈“¡◊¥ «“à ß phylum ¢π—È ∑’Ë„À≠∑à  Ë’ ¥ÿ ¢ÕßÕ“≥“®°— √æ™◊ (plant
photoperiodism °“√µÕ∫ πÕߢÕßæ™◊ (´÷ßË ¡’ kingdom)
º≈µàÕ°“√ÕÕ°¥Õ°ÕÕ°º≈) ∑Ë’¡’µàÕ™à«ß physical map ·ºπ∑°’Ë “¬¿“æ
§«“¡¬“«¢Õß· ß «à“ß„π‡«≈“°≈“ß«—π

µ“à ß°π— physical properties §ÿ≥ ¡∫—µ∑‘ “ß°“¬¿“æ

photosynthates º≈‘µ º ≈∑Ë’‰¥â®“°°“√ physical oceanography  ¡ÿ∑√»“ µ√凙‘ß

 —߇§√“–À巠ߢÕßæ™◊ °“¬¿“æ

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 216

A physical weathering °“√ºÿæ—ß ≈“¬µ—«∑“ß ·≈â« °“√„™âÀπ૬§«“¡√âÕπ °“√«—¥
®”π«π·ªÑßÀ√◊ÕπÈ”µ“≈ À√◊Õ®”π«π°√¥
B °“¬¿“æ „πº≈ Õ—µ√“ à«π·ªÑßµàÕπ”È µ“≈ À√◊Õπ”È
µ“≈µÕà °√¥„πº≈ °“√ÕÕà 𵫗 ¢Õߺ≈ œ≈œ)
C physic nut  ∫य़ ” (¥Ÿ purging nut) pickle º°— ¥Õß™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß
pickling cucumber ·µß°«“™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß„™â
D physiographic position ∏√≥ ’ —≥∞“π, ¿Ÿ¡‘-  ”À√∫— ¥Õß
E pick up 1. Õªÿ °√≥™å 𥑠Àπ÷ßË ¡°— ®–æà«ßµ‘¥°—∫
F  —≥∞“π, ≈—°…≥–·ºàπ¥π‘ (¥Ÿ landform) ‡§√◊ËÕ߇°Á∫‡°’ˬ«æ◊™‰√àÀ√◊Õ‡§√Ë◊Õß®—°√„π
°“√∑”π“Õ◊ËπÊ ∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‡°Á∫æ◊™º≈∑Ë’§—¥
G physiography ¿¡Ÿ ≈‘ °— …≥–«√√≥“, ¿¡Ÿ  ‘ ≥— ∞“π ∑ȑ߉«â‡ªìπ°ÕßÀ√◊Õ·∂«„π∑ÿàßπ“·≈– àßµàÕ
H physiology  √’√«‘∑¬“, °“√»÷°…“‡°Ë’¬«°—∫ „À⇧√◊ËÕß®—°√ÕË◊πµàÕ‰ª 2. √∂∫√√∑ÿ°
I Àπ“â ∑·Ë’ ≈–°‘®°√√¡¢Õß ß‘Ë ∑’¡Ë ™’ «’ ‘µ ¢π“¥‡≈°Á (√∫— πÈ”Àπ°— ∫√√∑°ÿ ‰¥â 1/2-1 µπ— )
piedmont ∑√Ë’ “∫‡™ß‘ ‡¢“
J phytobenthon §”√«¡∑Ë’„™â‡√’¬°æ™◊ πÈ”∑’ˬ÷¥µ¥‘ piedmont alluvial plain ∑Ë’√“∫≈“¥‡π‘π
µ–°Õπ‡™ß‘ ‡¢“
K °—∫À‘πÀ√Õ◊ «µ— ∂Õÿ ◊πË Ê pigeon, green 𰇪≈â“ (π°„π«ß»å‡¥’¬«°—∫
π°‡¢“Õ¬Ÿà„π °≈ÿ Ireron sp.)
L phytochemistry 惰…“‡§¡’ pigeon, imperial π°≈¡ÿ æŸ, π°°√–≈¡ÿ æŸ
pigeon, pea ∂—«Ë ·√– (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Canjanus
M phytochrome  “√ ’„πæ™◊ (µÕ∫ πÕßµÕà · ß indicus, Spreng. ·≈– Canjanus
cajans, Millsp.)
N  ·’ ¥ß·≈–· ßÕπ‘ ø√“‡√¥) piglet ≈°Ÿ  °ÿ √
O pigment ‡¡Á¥ ,’  “√∑”„À‡â °‘¥ ’„π ßË‘ ¡’™’«‘µ,
P phytogeography 惰…¿¡Ÿ ‘»“ µ√å  “√„À â ∑’ º’Ë ≈µ‘ ¢÷πÈ ®“° Ëß‘ ¡’™«’ µ‘
Q phytohormone ¥Ÿ hormone pigsty stack °Õ߉¡·â ∫∫§Õ°À¡Ÿ*
pigweed º—°¢¡ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈
R phytoplankton §”√«¡∑’Ë„™â‡√’¬°æ◊™∑’Ë≈Õ¬ Amaranthus dubius, Mart.)
S (Õ“»—¬) Õ¬àŸ„ππȔլà“߇ªìπÕ‘ √– pike, hand ‰¡§â ¥— ‰≈à´ÿߥ“â ¡ πÈ— *
pike pole 1. ‰¡â¢Õ‡°Ë’¬«´ÿß* (S. clip), 2. ‰¡â
T picaroon ‰¡¢â Õ* §—¥‰≈à´ÿß*
pile 1. °Õß ÿ¡* 2. ‡ “‡¢Á¡*
U piceoid pit À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈·å ∫∫‰¡ â °≈ÿ 懑 ´¬’ *

V pick 1. Õÿª°√≥å∑’Ë¡’À—«∑”¥â«¬‡À≈Á°¡’ª≈“¬

W ·À≈¡ 2 ¥â“π ¡’¥“â ¡®—∫µ√ß°≈“ß „™â¢¥ÿ

X ‡®“–º‘«·¢Áß ‡™àπ ∂ππ ºπ—ßÕ‘∞ ‡ªìπµâπ
Y 2. ‡°Á∫, ‡≈◊Õ°
Z picker 1. Õÿª°√≥凰Á∫º°— º≈‰¡â À√◊Õ¥Õ°‰¡â

2.  à«πª√–°Õ∫¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕߪ≈Ÿ°¡—πΩ√—Ëß

≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ´’Ë âÕ¡µ‘¥°—∫®“πÀ¡ÿπ„π·π«

¥ßË‘

picking index ¡“µ√∞“π„π°“√‡°∫Á ‡°¬’Ë «º≈‰¡â

(‡æÕË◊ „À≥¢â π“¥·≈–§≥ÿ ¿“æ∑µ’Ë Õâ ß°“√ Õ“®

„™¡â “µ√∞“πÕπ— „¥Õ—πÀπËß÷ µàÕ‰ªπ’È §◊Õ °“√

„™â¢π“¥¢Õߺ≈ °“√‡ª≈’ˬπ·ª≈ß∑“ß√Ÿª

√“à ߢÕߺ≈  µ’ “¡ «à πµ“à ßÊ ¢Õߺ≈ ¢«È— º≈

®”π«π«—π®“°®ÿ¥„¥®ÿ¥Àπ÷Ë߇¡Ë◊ÕÕÕ°¥Õ°

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√

217

pile trestle ‚§√ß∞“π‰¡â°≈¡* pinnate leaf „∫æ™◊ ™π¥‘ „∫‡≈¬’È ß§àŸ ¡’„∫ΩÕ¬¢π÷È A
B
piling, lumber °“√°Õ߉¡*â Õ¬àŸ∫π°“â π„∫∑—Èß Õߢâ“ß ‡™àπ „∫∂—«Ë C
D
piling, timber °“√°Õ߉¡*â pinnately veined ‡ âπ„∫∑Ë’‡°¥‘ ®“°‡ âπ„∫¢“â ß E
F
piling and burning °“√ ÿ¡‡º“* ‡√’¬ß°π— §≈⓬¢ππ° G
H
piling stick ‰¡§â π—Ë * pinnatifid À¬—°·∫∫¢ππ°*, ‡«“â ≈°÷ ≈ß∑—Èß Õß I
J
piling strip ‰¡§â —πË ¢“â ߢÕ∫„∫Õ¬à“ß¡’√–‡∫’¬∫ K
L
pilose ¡’¢πÕàÕπÊ ¢÷Èπª√–ª√“¬, ª°§≈ÿ¡‰ª pinnatisect „∫·∫∫ pinnate ∑’Ë¡¢’ Õ∫„∫‡«â“≈ß M
N
¥«â ¬¢π∑‡’Ë √¬’ «‡≈Á°·≈–ÕÕà ππàÿ¡ ®π∂ß÷ ‡ âπ°≈“ß„∫ O
P
pin 1. ‰¡§â —πË * 2. ‡æ≈“√Õ°* pinnule „∫¬àÕ¬„π„∫·∫∫ pinnately com- Q
R
pin, dragging À¡ÿ¥¢Õ≈“°´ßÿ * pound S
T
pinching °“√‡¥Á¥¬Õ¥‡æÕË◊ „À·â µ°·¢πß pioneer æ◊™‡∫°‘ π” U
V
pine  π “¡„∫,  π‡¢“ (µπâ ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ Pinus pipal tree ‚æ∏Ï‘ (µπâ ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ Ficus religiosa, W
X
klasya, Royle) L.) Y
Z
pineapple  —∫ª–√¥ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Ananas pipe 1. ∑Õà , ·π«∑Õà 2. ‰ â°≈«ß*

comosus, Merr.) pipe-cross reactor (PCR) ∑Õà ªØ°‘ √≥å·∫∫

pine forest ª“É  π, ªÉ“ π‡¢“ °“°∫“∑ („™â„π°“√º≈‘µª¬Üÿ )

pine oil πÈ”¡π—  π* piped log ´ßÿ °≈«ß*

pine sawyer beetle ¥â«ß‰¡ â π* pipeline ∑Õà , ·π«∑Õà

pinhole borer ¡Õ¥√‡Ÿ ¢¡Á * (¥Ÿ ambrosia pipe-work ß“π«“ß∑Õà

beetle) pistil ‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬,  à«π¢Õߥհ∑’˪√–°Õ∫

pinhole borer beetle ¡Õ¥√Ÿ‡¢Á¡* ¥«â ¬√ß— ‰¢à (ovary) °“â π‡° √µ«— ‡¡¬’ (style)

pinholes √‡Ÿ ¢¡Á (‰¡à‡°‘π 1/16 π‘«È ) ·≈–¬Õ¥‡° √µ«— ‡¡’¬ (stigma)

pink bigonia ™«π™¡ (‰¡â¥Õ°„π °ÿ≈ pistilate ¥Õ°µ—«‡¡’¬, ¥Õ°∑’Ë¡’‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬

Adenium coetaneum, Stapf.) ‡æ’¬ßÕ¬à“߇¥¬’ « ‰¡¡à ’‡° √µ«— ºâŸÕ¬àŸ¥«â ¬

pink eye ‚√§µ“·¥ß„π µ— «å (·æ– ·°– ‚§) pistilate flower ¥Õ°µ—«‡¡’¬ (¥Ÿ flower,

‡°¥‘ ®“°‡™Õ◊È ‰«√ — ∑”„À â µ— «¡å Õ’ “°“√µ“·¥ß pistilate)

¡¢’ ȵ’ “ ·≈–π”È µ“¡“° pistillode ‡° √µ«— ‡¡¬’ ∑’ˉ¡æà ≤— π“ Õ“®‡À≈Õ◊ „Àâ

pin knot µ“¢π“¥®«‘Î * ‡ÀÁπ‡æ’¬ß‡≈Á°πâÕ¬ ‡™àπ „π¥Õ°µ—«ºâŸ

pink shower °“≈惰…,å °≈— ªæƒ°…å (µπâ ‰¡â (staminate flower) ¢Õßæ◊™∫“ß™π‘¥

„π °ÿ≈ Cassia bakeriana, Craib) pit 1. À≈¡ÿ , ™àÕß 2. √Õ¬‡«â“ („πºπ—߇´≈≈)å

pinna 1. „∫ÀŸ 2. „∫¬Õà ¬ („π„∫√«¡·∫∫ pin- À≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈å*

nate) pit, blind À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈·å ∫∫∫Õ¥*

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 218

A pit, bordered À≈ÿ¡ºπß— ‡´≈≈·å ∫∫¡¢’ Õ∫* ‰∂ÀπË÷߉ªÕ’°‰∂ÀπË÷ß∫π§“π‡¥’¬«°—π
(¥Ÿ plough pitch) 6. √–¬–∑“ß„π·π«¥ßË‘
B pit, cribiform À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈·å ∫∫¡‡’  πâ ΩÕ¬* ∑’Ë °√‡Ÿ §≈◊ÕË π∑’ˉ¥â§√∫√Õ∫
pitch, automatic °“√ª√∫— ¡¡ÿ ªÕ°Õ—µ‚π¡—µ‘
C (S. cribiform membrane, vestured pit) pitch, diametral °“√ª√∫— ¡¡ÿ ªÕ°Õµ— ‚π¡—µ‘*
D pitch, knife ¡¡ÿ ª√∫— „∫¡¥’ , ¡ÿ¡Àπⓧ¡≈“¥*
E pit, crossfield À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈å∫√‘‡«≥√—»¡’ (S. knife angle)
pitch, tooth ™«à ßøπí ‡≈◊ËÕ¬*
F ∑“∫µ¥— * pit chamber ÀÕâ ßÀ≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈*å
G pit, fenestriform À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈å·∫∫™àÕß pitch pocket °√–‡ª“–¬“ßπÈ”¡—π‰¡*â
pitch seam ·π«¬“ßπÈ”¡π— ‰¡*â (S. resin seam)
H Àπ⓵“à ß* pitch streak ≈“¬¬“ßπÈ”¡—π‰¡â* (S. resin
streak)
I pit, half-bordered À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈·å ∫∫¡¢’ Õ∫ pit-field, primary  π“¡À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈å
ª∞¡¿¡Ÿ ‘
J ¥â“π‡¥¬’ «* pith 1. ‰ â„π°≈¡ÿà ‡´≈≈å parenchyma ∫√‘‡«≥
„®°≈“ß≈”µπâ À√◊Õ√“°¢≥–∑’ Ë à«ππ—πÈ Ê ¬ß—
K pit, intervascular À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈å√–À«à“ß ÕàÕπÕ¬àŸ (æƒ.) 2. „®*(‰¡â) («π.) (S.
L medulla)
M ‡´≈≈å≈”‡≈¬’ ß* pith, boxed ‰¡âÕ¡‰ *â (S. boxed heart)
pith fleck √Õ¬µ°°√–*
N pit, linear À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈·å ∫∫‡ âπ* pith knot µ“°≈«ß*
O pit, ramiform À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈·å ∫∫√Õ¬√à«¡* pith ray √—»¡’ª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘, °≈àÿ¡‡´≈≈å∑Ë’‡°‘¥

P pit, simple À≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈å·∫∫‰¡à¡’¢Õ∫*

Q pit, vestured À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈å·∫∫¡’‡ πâ ΩÕ¬*

R pit aperture ª“°À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈å*

S pit aperture, coalescent ª“°À≈ÿ¡ºπ—ß
T
U ‡´≈≈√å «à ¡*

V pit aperture, extended ª“°À≈ÿ¡ºπß— ‡´≈≈å
W ·∫∫πÕ°¢Õ∫*

X pit aperture, included ª“°À≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈å

Y Ẻ㹢ͺ*

Z pit aperture, inner ª“°À≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈å„π*

pit aperture, outer ª“°À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈πå Õ°* √–À«“à ß°≈àÿ¡∑àÕπÈ”∑àÕÕ“À“√

pit border ¢Õ∫À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈*å pit membrane ‡¬Õ◊Ë À≈ÿ¡ºπß— ‡´≈≈å*

pit canal ∑Õà À≈ÿ¡ºπß— ‡´≈≈*å pit-pair À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈å§*àŸ , ‡´≈≈∑å ’ËÕ¬Ÿàµ‘¥°—π

pit cavity ™àÕßÀ≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈å* ®–¡√’ ∑Ÿ –≈‡ÿ ´≈≈∂å ß÷ °π— ‚¥¬¡’ pit mambrane

pitch 1. °“°π”È ¡—π¥‘π*, ¬“ßπÈ”¡—π‰¡â* ´Ë÷߇°¥‘ ®“° middle lamella ·≈–™È—π∫“ßÊ

(S. natural resin) 2. §«“¡≈“¥*,  «à π ¢Õß primary wall 2 ™È—π°È—πÕ¬Ÿà®–∑”¥Ÿ

‡ÕπÀπ“â °Õß*, ª≈“¬¬π◊Ë *, ¡¡ÿ ¢ÕßÀ≈ß— §“ §≈⓬°∫— «“à ¡’ pit 2 Õπ— ¡“µàÕ°π—

(S. overhang) 3. ¡ÿ¡ª√—∫§¡¡’¥*, pit-pair, aspirated À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈§å ¡àŸ ª’ ¡‡¬Õ◊Ë

¡ÿ¡ªÕ°* 4. ™«à ßøíπ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬* 5. √–¬–®“° Õ¥ÿ *

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

219

pit-pair, bordered À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈§å ·àŸ ∫∫¡¢’ Õ∫* placenta √°,  «à π∑’ˉ¢‡à °“–Õ¬Ÿà A
B
pit-pair, half-bordered À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈姟à placentation °“√‡°“–¢Õ߉¢∫à π√° C
D
·∫∫¡¢’ Õ∫¢“â ߇¥’¬«* placentation, axial °“√‡°“–¢Õ߉¢à∫√‘‡«≥ E
F
pit-pair, simple À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈§å ·àŸ ∫∫‰¡¡à ¢’ Õ∫* ·°π°≈“ߢÕß√ß— ‰¢à G
H
pit prop ‰¡â§È”¬π— Õÿ‚¡ß§*å (S. prop, strut) placentation, free-central °“√‡°“–¢Õ߉¢à I
J
pit saw ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬µÈß— * ∫π√°∑¡’Ë ’≈—°…≥–‡ªπì ·°π¬“«Ê ·≈–·µ– K
L
pitta π°·µâ«·≈â« (π°„π °≈ÿ Pitta sp.) °∫— ºπ—ß√—߉¢‡à 欒 ß®¥ÿ ‡¥’¬« M
N
pitted ¡™’ Õà ߺà“π placentation, parietal °“√‡°“–¢Õ߉¢à∫π O
P
pitting 1. ¢ÿ¥À≈ÿ¡ 2. °“√‡√’¬ßµ—«À≈ÿ¡ºπ—ß ºπ—ß√ß— ‰¢à Q
R
‡´≈≈*å («π.) plagioclimax ‰§≈·¡°´‡å ©¬’ ߇©, ™ÿ¡æ™◊ ‰§≈- S
T
pitting, alternate °“√‡√¬’ ßµ«— À≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈å ·¡°´å∑’Ë·µ°µà“߉ª®“°™ÿ¡æ◊™‰§≈·¡°´å U
V
·∫∫ ≈∫— * ∑·Ë’ ∑â®√‘ߢÕß∂πË‘ ππ—È ‡πË◊Õß®“°Õ∑‘ ∏‘æ≈¢Õß W
X
pitting, crossfield °“√‡√¬’ ßµ«— À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈å ªí®®—¬∑“ß™«’ –·≈–°“√°√–∑”¢Õß¡π…ÿ ¬å Y
Z
„π∫√‘‡«≥√—»¡∑’ “∫µ—¥* plagiosere °“√ ◊∫≈”¥—∫‡©’¬ß‡©, ≈”¥—∫°“√

pitting, intervascular °“√‡√¬’ ßµ«— À≈¡ÿ ºπ—ß ∑¥·∑π¢Õß™ÿ¡æ◊™∑’Ë·µ°µà“߉ª®“°≈”¥—∫

‡´≈≈√å –À«à“߇´≈≈å≈”‡≈¬’ ß* °“√∑¥·∑π∑’Ë·∑â®√‘ߢÕß∂Ë‘ππ—Èπ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°

pitting, opposite °“√‡√¬’ ßµ«— À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈å Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢Õßªí®®—¬∑“ß™’«–·≈–°“√°√–∑”

·∫∫µ√ߢⓡ* ¢Õß¡πÿ…¬å

pitting, scalariform °“√‡√’¬ßµ—«À≈ÿ¡ºπ—ß plagiotropic ¡’·°π¬“«‡ÕπÕÕ°®“°·π«µÈ—ß

‡´≈≈·å ∫∫∫π— ‰¥* ‡™πà √“° °‘Ëß œ≈œ

pitting, sieve °“√‡√’¬ßµ—«À≈¡ÿ ºπ—߇´≈≈å·∫∫ plain ‰¡¡à ’≈“¬*

µ–·°√ß* plain-sawn ‰¡â‡≈Ë◊Õ¬µ—¥‡ âπ√—»¡’, ∑’ˇ≈◊ËÕ¬µ—¥

pitting, unilaterally compound °“√‡√’¬ß √—»¡’*, ∑’‡Ë ≈◊ËÕ¬·∫∫À≈—ßÀ¡Ÿ*

µ—«À≈ÿ¡ºπß— ‡´≈≈·å ∫∫√«¡‡ªπì ÀπßË÷ * planchette 1. ‰¡Àâ π“â ·§∫* 2. ‚µä–√ß— «¥— *

pit torus ª¡‡¬Õ◊Ë À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈å* plancon ‰¡‡â À≈Ë’¬¡À≈ß— À¡*Ÿ

pituitare gland µÕà ¡„µ â ¡Õß ∑”Àπ“â ∑’ºË ≈µ‘ plan, felling-cum regeneration ·ºπµ¥— øπí

ŒÕ√å‚¡π∑’Ë ”§≠— ∑Ë ’ ÿ¥¢Õß√à“ß°“¬ µ“¡¥â«¬°“√ ∫◊ æ—π∏åÿ

pitwood ‰¡‚â §√ß √“â ßÕ‚ÿ ¡ß§,å ‰¡Õâ ‚ÿ ¡ß§‡å À¡Õ◊ ß* planed, tongued and grooved ‰ ·≈–∑”

(S. timber, mining) ≈‘πÈ √àÕß*

placement „ ªà ÿܬ„ÀÕâ ¬àŸ≈÷°„πº‘«¥‘π planed and square edged (p.s.e.) ‰ ·≈–

placement, localized „ àªÜÿ¬„ÀâÕ¬àŸ„°≈â°—∫∑Ë’ ·µàߢÕ∫

√“°æ◊™Õ¬àŸ planed and square jointed (p.s.j.) ‰ ·≈–

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 220

A ·µàߢÕ∫ plantation of forest trees  «πªÉ“
plant box °√–∫–°≈“â
B planed all around ‰ ∑ÿ°¥“â π* plant breeding °“√∫”√ßÿ æπ— ∏ÿ剡â
plant community ™ÿ¡æ◊™
C planed and square-edged (p.s.e.) ‰ ·≈– plant debris ´“°‡À≈Õ◊ ¢Õßæ◊™
D planter ºâŸª≈°Ÿ , ‡§√◊ËÕߪ≈°Ÿ
E ·µßà ¢Õ∫* (¥Ÿ planed and square-jointed) plant food Õ“À“√æ◊™ (1.  “√„¥Ê °Áµ“¡´ßË÷ ¡’

F planed and square-jointed (p.s.j.) ‰ ·≈– ∏“µÿÕ“À“√√Ÿª∑Ë’‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πå·≈–®”‡ªìπ
G ·µßà ¢Õ∫* Õ¬à“߬ˑߵàÕ°“√‡®√‘≠·≈–æ—≤π“¢Õßæ◊™
Õ¬àŸ„πª√‘¡“≥¡“°æÕ ¡§«√ 2. Õ‘π∑√¬’ -
H planimetric accuracy §«“¡≈–‡Õ’¬¥∑“ß  “√´÷Ëßæ◊™ —߇§√“–Àå¢È÷π¡“„π‡´≈≈å ·≈–
æ◊™„™â “√‡À≈“à πÈ’„π°√–∫«π°“√ metabo-
I ·∫π√“∫ lism ‡æ◊ÕË °“√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ)
plantic ‡§√◊ËÕß¡Õ◊ ∑Ë’„™â„π°“√ª≈°Ÿ æ™◊ ‡√¡Ë‘ µÈß— ·µà
J planimetric map ·ºπ∑∑Ë’ “ß√“∫ ‡ª¥î ¥π‘ ÕÕ°‡ªπì √Õà ß ·≈«â À¬Õ¥À«— °ß‘Ë °≈“â
À√◊Õ‡¡≈¥Á ≈߉ªµ“¡√–¬–∑’µË ß—È ‰«â
K planing mill ‚√߉ ‰¡â* planting ball °“√ª≈°Ÿ ·∫∫¥π‘ æÕ°√“°
L planting, basket °“√ª≈Ÿ°∑—Èßµ–°√â“
M plank ‰¡âµ∫— * planting, group °“√ª≈°Ÿ ‡ªπì À¡Ÿà
planting, improvement °“√ª≈Ÿ°‡ √‘¡
N plank, centre ‰¡µâ —∫°≈«ß‰¡àµ‘¥‰ *â §ÿ≥¿“æ
O plank, heart ‰¡âµ∫— µ‘¥‰ â* planting, line °“√ª≈°Ÿ ‡ªπì ·π«, °“√ª≈°Ÿ ‡ªπì
·π«„πª“É ∏√√¡™“µ‘
P planking ‰¡æâ ◊πÈ Àπ“* (S. decking)

Q plankton æ◊™À√◊Õ —µ«åµ—«‡≈Á°Ê ∑Ë’¡’™’«‘µ‚¥¬

R Õ“»—¬ (≈Õ¬) Õ¬Ÿà„ππ”È

S plant æ™◊ , µâπ‰¡â, ‚√ßß“π
T
U plant, to ª≈°Ÿ ≈ß, «“ß≈ß

V plant, cover æ™◊ §≈¡ÿ
W plant, day-neutral æ◊™∑Ë’ “¡“√∂ÕÕ°¥Õ°‰¥â

X ∑È—ß„π«π—  π—È ·≈–«—𬓫

Y plant, long-day æ◊™∑Ë’®–ÕÕ°¥Õ°‰¥âµàÕ‡¡◊ËÕ

Z ‰¥â√∫— · ß «“à ß„π™«à ß 24 ™Ë—«‚¡ß¡“°°«“à

§«“¡¬“«¢Õß«—π«‘°ƒµ (critical day planting, mound °“√ª≈Ÿ°∫π¡πŸ ¥‘π

length) planting, notch °“√ª≈Ÿ°·∫∫‡®“–

plant, short-day æ◊™∑Ë®’ –ÕÕ°¥Õ°‰¥âµàÕ‡¡ÕË◊ planting, patch °“√ª≈°Ÿ ‡ªìπÀ¬Õà ¡

‰¥â√—∫· ß «“à ß„π™«à ß 24 ™Ë—«‚¡ßπâÕ¬°«“à planting, peg °“√ª≈°Ÿ ·∫∫ªí°À≈—°

§«“¡¬“«¢Õß«—π«‘°ƒµ planting, pit °“√ª≈Ÿ°„πÀ≈ÿ¡

plant association ™¡ÿ æ◊™ planting, pot °“√ª≈°Ÿ ∑ßÈ— °√–∂“ß

plantation 1.  «π„À≠à, ‰√à„À≠à (° .) planting, ridge °“√ª≈°Ÿ ∫π§π—

2.  «πªÉ“ («π.) planting, slit °“√ª≈°Ÿ ·∫∫‡®“–

plantation, Taungya  «πªÉ“·∫∫µÕ߬“ planting, spot °“√ª≈Ÿ°‡ªπì À¬Õà ¡‡≈°Á

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√

221

planting, stroll °“√ª≈°Ÿ √–À«“à ·π«°Õß plastic limit : PL ¢¥’ ®”°¥— æ≈“ µ°‘ (ª∞.) A
B
planting, trench °“√ª≈Ÿ°„π√àÕß plastic overlay ·ºàπæ≈“ µ°‘ Õ—¥Àπâ“* C
planting, tube °“√ª≈Ÿ°∑—ßÈ °√–∫Õ° plastic wood  “√Õ¥ÿ ‰¡*â ,  “√æ≈“ µ‘°Õÿ¥‰¡â D
planting, turf °“√ª≈Ÿ°∫π·ºàπÀ≠“â °≈—∫ plastid °Õâ π‰´‚µæ≈“ ´¡Ë— ¿“¬„π‡´≈≈Õå π— ‡ªπì E
planting mattock Õ‡’ µâÕ F
planting out °“√¬â“¬‰ªª≈Ÿ°„πª“É ∑’ˇ°¥‘ ¢Õߧ≈Õ‚√øî≈≈å G
planting plan ·ºπ°“√ª≈Ÿ° plat ·ª≈߬Õà ¬, ∑Ë’¥‘π‡≈Á°Ê H
planting series Õπ°ÿ √¡°“√ª≈°Ÿ plateau ∑Ë’√“∫ Ÿß I
plant kingdom Õ“≥“®—°√æ◊™, ™πÈ— „À≠à∑’Ë ¥ÿ plate-budding °“√µ‘¥µ“‚¥¬„™â·ºàπµ“∑’ˉ¡¡à ’ J
K
„π°“√·∫àß·¬°æ™◊ ‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡â L
plant nutrient ∏“µÿÕ“À“√∑Ë’‡ªìπª√–‚¬™πå platen ·ºàπÕ—¥* M
platen drier ‡µ“Õ∫·∫∫·ºàπ√âÕπ* N
µÕà æ◊™ plate saw ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ* O
plant percent ‡ªÕ√凴Áπµå°≈“â ‰¡â platy 1. √Ÿª∑√ß·∫π 2. ·∫∫·ºπà (ª∞.) P
plant shed ‡√Õ◊ πµπâ ‰¡â platy structure ‚§√ß √“â ß¥π‘ ·∫∫·ºàπ Q
plant taxonomy 惰…“πÿ°√¡«‘∏“π ¥Ÿ pleat æ—∫, µ”Àπ‘æ∫— ´âÕπ* R
pleiotropy °“√∑¬’Ë π’ (gene) µ—«‡¥¬’ « “¡“√∂ S
systemic botany T
plant tray °√–∫–°≈“â ‰¡â ∫—ߧ∫— ≈—°…≥–‰¥¡â “°°«à“Àπ÷ßË ≈—°…≥– U
plaque, mycelial ·ºàπ‰¡´‡’ ≈ˬ’ ¡ plerome ‡´≈≈å meristem ∑Ë’√«¡µ—«°—π‡ªìπ V
plasma 1. ¢Õ߇À≈«À√◊ÕπÈ”„π‡≈◊Õ¥ 2. ‡¡¥Á W
·°π°≈“ߢÕß à«π¬Õ¥À√◊Õª≈“¬√“° X
·√≈à –‡Õ¬’ ¥ (ª∞.) ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬‡πÈ◊Õ‡¬◊ËÕ primary vascular Y
plasma membrane ‡¬ÕË◊ Àâÿ¡‚ª√‚µæ≈“ µÕå ¬Ÿà tissues ·≈– ground tissue ‡™àπ pith Z
‡ªπì µâπ
µ‘¥¢â“ß„πºπ—߇´≈≈å plexus √à“ß·À
plasmid DNA ∑ÕË’ ¬ŸàπÕ°‚§√‚¡‚´¡ plicate „∫∑Ë¡’ «â πæ—∫¢πÈ÷ , ¡«â π®’∫
plasmodesma ≈”‰´‚µæ≈“ ´Ë—¡∑’Ë∑Õ¥ºà“π plinthite »≈‘ “·≈ßÕÕà π
plot ·ª≈ß∑¥≈Õß
∑–≈ºÿ πß— ‡´≈≈å plot, control ·ª≈ß¡“µ√∞“π‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫,
plasmolysis °“√∑Ë’‰´‚µæ≈“ ´—Ë¡À¥µ—«·¬° µ«— Õ¬“à ß¡“µ√∞“π‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫
plot, experimental ·ª≈ß∑¥≈Õß
ÕÕ°®“°ºπß— ‡´≈≈å‡πÕ◊Ë ß®“°¢“¥π”È plot, line ·ª≈ßµ“¡·π«
plastic deformation  à«π∑‡Ë’  ¬’ √ªŸ ∂“«√*
plasticity 1. °“√‡ª≈Ë’¬π√Ÿª‰¥â,  “¡“√∂

·ª√√ªŸ ‰¥â (ª∞.) 2. æ≈“ µ°‘  ¡∫µ— ,‘  ¿“æ plot, linear sample ·ª≈ßµ—«Õ¬à“ßµ“¡·π«

æ≈“ µ‘°* («π.) plot, sample ·ª≈ßµ«— Õ¬“à ß

plasticity index : PI ¥™— πæ’ ≈“ µ°‘ (ª∞.) plot, transect ·ª≈ßµ—«Õ¬à“ßµ“¡·π«

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 222

A plough ‡§√Ë◊Õ߉∂ plow, to ‰∂
plow pan ™π—È ¥“π‰∂æ√«π
B plough, to ‰∂ pluck ‡¥Á¥, ‡°Á∫
plucking machine, tea ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß‡°∫Á „∫™“
C plough, disk ‰∂®“π plug ·ºàπª–´àÕ¡‡À≈’ˬ¡*
D plumbago æ¬∫— À¡Õ° (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Plumbago
E plough, driving disk ‰∂®“π™π‘¥¡·’ √ߢ—∫„Àâ
capensis, Thumb.)
F À¡ÿπ®“°‡æ≈“Õ”π«¬°”≈—ß plume ≈“¬‰¡‚â §πßà“¡
G plough, mouldboard ‰∂À«— À¡Ÿ plume figure ≈“¬‰¡‚â §πß“à ¡*, ≈“¬À“ߪ≈“*
plumose ¡’¢πÕÕà π§≈“â ¬¢ππ°, ´ßË÷ ¡’≈°— …≥–
H plough, reversible mouldboard ‰∂À«— À¡Ÿ
‡À¡◊Õπ¢π —µ«å
I °≈—∫∑“߉¥â plumule ¬Õ¥ÕÕà π¢Õß§æ— ¿–, ¬Õ¥·√°‡°‘¥
plunge º≈—°, ¥π—
J plough, trailing disc ™ÿ¥‰∂®“π´÷Ëß„™â —µ«å plunger ™È‘π à«π¢Õ߇§√◊ËÕß®—°√°≈∑’ˇ§≈Ë◊Õπ∑’Ë

K À√◊Õ·∑√°‡µÕ√å≈“°‰ª‚¥¬¡’≈âÕ√—∫πÈ”Àπ—° ‰ª‰¥â„π≈—°…≥–∂Ÿ°º≈—°À√◊Õ¥—π‰ª‡™àπ
L ≈°Ÿ  ∫Ÿ
M 2-3 ≈âÕ ply ™—Èπ*
plymetal ‰¡Õâ ¥— º ¡·ºπà ‚≈À–, ‰¡âÕ—¥‚≈À–*
N plough, turnwrest ‰∂À—«À¡Ÿ°≈—∫∑“߉¥â plywood ‰¡Õâ ¥— *
O (º“≈‰∂ “¡“√∂æ≈‘°´â“¬-¢«“‡æ◊ËÕ°‘π¥‘π plywood, balanced ‰¡Õâ —¥¥≈ÿ *, ‰¡Õâ —¥ ¡¥ÿ≈
plywood, exterior ‰¡Õâ ¥— ¿“¬πÕ°*
P ¥“â π∑’˵Õâ ß°“√‰¥)â plywood, high density ‰¡âÕ—¥§«“¡·πàπ ßŸ *
plywood, interior ‰¡Õâ ¥— ¿“¬„π*
Q plough base ™ÿ¥º“≈‰∂ 1 ™ÿ¥ (∫Õ°‡ªìπ

R ®”π«πº“≈µÕà ™¥ÿ )

S plough beam §“π‰∂
T
U plough bolt  ≈—°∑’Ë„™¬â ÷¥ «à πµ“à ßÊ ¢Õ߉∂

V plough bottom º“≈‰∂ (º“≈‰∂À—«À¡Ÿ
W ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬„∫¡’¥ ªï°‰∂ ∞“π‰∂ ·≈–

X ·ºàπ¥—π¢â“ß à«πº“≈‰∂®“π§◊Õ à«π¢Õß„∫

Y ®“π‰∂)

Z plough draft ·√ß„π·π«√“∫(´Ë÷ߢπ“π°—∫

∑‘»∑“ß°“√‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑Ë’Ê ®”‡ªìπ„π°“√≈“° plywood, moulded ‰¡Õâ ¥— µ“¡·∫∫*

¥ß÷ ‰∂) plywood, sheathing ‰¡Õâ —¥°√*ÿ

plough pan ™π—È ¥“π‰∂æ√«π pneumatophore √“°À“¬„®, √“°√ªŸ ‡¢“à

plough point ª≈“¬¢Õß„∫¡¥’ ‰∂ pocket boom ∑πàÿ √∫— ´ßÿ §—¥·≈â«*

plough share „∫¡’¥‰∂ pocket rot °“√ºÿÀ≈¡ÿ *

plough sole ™—Èπ¥‘π´÷ËßÕ—¥µ—«·πàπ∑Ë’√–¬–µË” pocket stereoscope °≈Õâ ß¡Õß¿“æ∑√«¥∑√ß

°«“à §«“¡≈÷°„π°“√‰∂ (S. plough pan, ™π‘¥°√–‡ª“Ü

hard pan) pod Ω°í , º≈·Àßâ ™π‘¥·µ°‰¥â ‡«≈“·µ°®–·µ°

plough tip ª≈“¬¢Õß„∫¡¥’ ‰∂ µ“¡µ–‡¢Á∫∑È—ß 2 ¥“â π

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

223

pod bush °√–‡®“π“ («™— æ◊™‡¢µ√Õâ π„π °ÿ≈ polisher ‡§√◊ËÕߢ—¥¡—π (‡™àπ ¢—¥¡—π¢â“« “√∑Ë’ A
B
Corchorus orinocensis, H.B.K.) º“à π°“√¢—¥¢“«·≈â«) C
D
podzol soil ¥π‘ ∑Ë’¡’™πÈ— Õπ‘ ∑√¬’ «µ— ∂ÿ ·≈–™È—π·√à poll æπ— ∏ÿ‚å §™π¥‘ Àπ÷Ëß E
F
Õπ‘π∑√’¬å ¡—°‡°‘¥„π∂Ë‘π∑’ˇªìπªÉ“‰¡â„π∑’Ë¡’ pollard µπâ ‰¡âµ—¥¬Õ¥* G
H
Õ“°“»‡¬Áπ·≈–™Èπ◊ pollard system √–∫∫µ¥—  ßŸ „Àâ·µ°æÿ¡à I
J
podzolization °“√‡°‘¥¥π‘ podzol pollen ‡√≥Ÿ, ≈–ÕÕ߇° √µ—«º,Ÿâ ‡´≈≈å‡æ»ºŸâ∑’Ë K
L
poikilothermic animal  µ— «å‡≈◊Õ¥‡¬πÁ ‡°‘¥¢Èπ÷ „πÕ—∫‡√≥Ÿ M
N
poikilothermous animal  —µ«‡å ≈◊Õ¥‡¬Áπ pollen grain ≈–ÕÕ߇° √, ≈–ÕÕ߇√≥Ÿ, ‡´≈≈å O
P
poinsettia §√‘ µå¡“  (‰¡âª√–¥—∫„π °ÿ≈  ∫◊ æπ— ∏µåÿ —«ºâŸ´Ëß÷ æ√Õâ ¡®–‡¢â“º ¡°∫— ‰¢à Q
R
Euphorbia pulcherrima) pollen sac ‚æ√ßÕ—∫‡√≥Ÿ, ∂ßÿ ∫√√®ÿ≈–ÕÕ߇° √ S
T
point (comb) ®‘° (ÀßÕπ) „πÕ∫— ‡√≥Ÿ U
V
pointer ‡√◊Õ∫¥∑âÕß·∫π* pollen tube ∑àÕ´÷ËßßÕ°ÕÕ°¡“®“°≈–ÕÕß W
X
point of inflection ®ÿ¥∑°Ë’ “√‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õß ‡° √µ—«ºâŸ‡¡◊ËÕ‡° √µ—«ºŸâµ°≈ß∫π¬Õ¥ Y
Z
æ◊™§àÕ¬Ê ≈¥≈ßÀ≈—ß®“°‡®√‘≠Õ¬à“ß ‡° √µ—«‡¡¬’ ‡ªì𵫗 𔇙È◊Õµ—«ºŸâ (sperm)

√«¥‡√«Á ¡“·≈â« ‡¢“â º ¡°∫— ‰¢,à À≈Õ¥‡√≥Ÿ

poisoning °“√„À¬â “æ…‘ * pollination °“√º ¡‡° √¢Õßæ◊™, °“√¬â“¬∑’Ë

polar nuclei π«‘ ‡§≈’¬  2 Õπ— ´ß÷Ë Õ¬Ÿàµ√ß°≈“ß ¢Õß≈–ÕÕ߇° √µ—«ºâŸ®“°Õ—∫‡√≥Ÿ‰ª Ÿà∑àÕ

∂ÿ߉¢à ‡¡◊ËÕ√«¡°—∫‡™È◊Õµ—«ºŸâ·≈â«®– √â“ß √—߉¢à, °“√∑’ËÕ—∫‡√≥Ÿµ°≈ß∫π¬Õ¥‡° √µ—«

‡Õπ‚¥ ‡ª√î ¡å ¢÷Èπ ‡¡’¬ (stigma) Õ“®‡°‘¥‚¥¬≈¡ ·¡≈ß

pole ‡ “*, ‰¡‡â  “, µπâ ‰¡‡â  “ ·√ߥß÷ ¥¥Ÿ ¢Õß‚≈° À√◊Õ‚¥¬«‘∏Õ’ ◊ËπÊ

pole : poll  —π¢«“π* pollination, cross 1. °“√º ¡¢â“¡µâπ,

pole, gin ªôíπ®Ëπ— ¬◊π* (S. derrick) °“√∂à“¬≈–ÕÕ߇° √µ—«ºŸâ®“°æ—π∏ÿåÀπ÷Ë߉ª

pole, pike ‰¡â§—¥‰≈à´ÿß*, ‰¡â¢Õ‡°’ˬ«´ÿß* ¬—߇° √µ—«‡¡’¬¢ÕßÕ’°æ—π∏åÿÀπË÷ß (æƒ.)

(S. clip) 2. °“√º ¡√–À«à“ßæ—π∏åÿæ◊™™π‘¥‡¥’¬«°—π

pole and line ‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ®—∫ —µ«πå È”ª√–‡¿∑ (æ .)

‡∫Á¥§π— pollination, self °“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß, °“√∂à“¬

pole and line, hand ‡∫Á¥§—π∂Õ◊ ¥â«¬¡Õ◊ ≈–ÕÕ߇° √µ—«ºâŸ‰ª¬—߬ե‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬

pole and line, set ‡∫¥Á ª°í ¿“¬„πµâπ‡¥¬’ «°—π

pole drying °“√º÷Ë߉¡·â ∫∫æ“¥√“«* pollinia °≈ÿࡇ√≥Ÿ∑Ë’√«¡°—π‡ªìπ°âÕ𠇙àπ

pole tie ‰¡Àâ ¡Õπ¢“â ß¡π* (S. two-faced tie) „π°≈«â ¬‰¡,â ¥Õ°√°—

pole tram road ∑“ß√“߉¡‡â  “* pollinium æÀæŸ ®πå¢Õß pollinia

pole wagon √∂¢π‰¡â* pollutant ¡≈«—µ∂ÿ

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 224

A pollute ∑”„Àâ °ª√°, ∑”„À⇰¥‘ ¡≈æ‘… polymerization °“√‡°‘¥‚æ≈‘‡¡Õ√å, °“√√«¡
µ—«‡ªìπ‚¡‡≈°≈ÿ „À≠à
B pollution 1. ¡≈æ‘…, ¡≈¿“«– 2. °“√µ‘¥‡™È◊Õ
polymorphic ¡√’ Ÿª 2 √ªŸ À√Õ◊ ¡“°°«“à
C (S. contaminate) polypetalous °≈’∫¥Õ°·¬°°π—
D polyphylesis º≈∑‡’Ë °¥‘ ®“°°“√««‘ —≤π“°“√®“°
E polyadelphous ´Ë÷ß·¬°°—πÕ¬ŸàÀ√◊Õ¡’¡“°°«à“
F 2 À¡àŸ  “¬æ—π∏åÿ∑’Ë·µ°µà“ß°—π 2  “¬æ—π∏ÿå À√◊Õ
¡“°°«“à
G polyandry ¥Õ°∑’Ë¡‡’ ° √µ—«º‡Ÿâ ªìπ®”π«π¡“° polyploid  Ë‘ß¡’™’«‘µ´Ë÷ß¡’®”π«π™ÿ¥¢Õß
‚§√‚¡‚´¡ (genomes) ¡“°°«“à 2 ™¥ÿ ¢πÈ÷ ‰ª
H polyarch primary xylem ∑¡’Ë ’ protoxylem polysepalous ¡’°≈’∫√Õß·¬°°—π (A.
synsepalous, gamosepalous)
I strands ‡ªπì ®”π«π¡“° pomace 1.  à«π∑Ë’‡À≈◊Õ¢Õß·Õª‡ªîô≈À√◊Õº≈
‰¡∑â Ë’§—πÈ ‡Õ“πÈ”ÕÕ°·≈â« 2. ‡π◊ÕÈ ª≈“∑’˺“à π
J polycross °≈àÿ¡¢Õßæ◊™´÷Ëߪ≈Ÿ°„π·ª≈ß∑Ë’·¬° °“√∫∫’ ‡Õ“π”È ¡π— ÕÕ°·≈«â
K pome º≈∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“°°“√‡®√‘≠¢Õß∞“π¥Õ°¢È÷π
L µà“ßÀ“° (isolation) ‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ¡’°“√º ¡ Àÿâ¡√—߉¢à ‡ª≈◊Õ°º≈¡’≈—°…≥–∫“߇°‘¥Àâÿ¡
M ·∫∫æ∫°—πÀ¡¥ ‡¡≈¥Á ¡’æŸ√—߉¢à 4-5 æŸ ‡™àπ ·Õª‡ªîô≈
pomegranate ∑—∫∑¡‘ (‰¡ºâ ≈„π °ÿ≈ Punica
N polycross, progeny ‡¡≈Á¥ À√◊Õ√ÿàπ≈Ÿ°∑’ˉ¥â granatum, L.)
pomelo  ¡â ‚Õ (‰¡ºâ ≈„π °≈ÿ Citrus grandis,
O ®“°·ª≈ß polycross (æ∏.) Osb.)
pomology «∑‘ ¬“‰¡ºâ ≈
P polyembryonic seed ‡¡≈Á¥∑’Ë„À⧗濖 pomology, commercial °“√»÷°…“‡°Ë’¬«°—∫
º≈‰¡â„π¥“â π°“√¢π ßà °“√‡°Á∫√°— …“ ·≈–
Q (µπâ °≈“â ) ¡“°°«à“ 1 µâπ/‡¡≈Á¥ (‡ªìπµâπ °“√µ≈“¥
R pomology, practical °“√»÷°…“‡°’ˬ«°—∫º≈
S °≈â“∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“°°“√º ¡æ—π∏ÿå 1 µâπ πÕ° ‰¡â„π¥â“π°“√ª≈Ÿ°·≈–ªØ‘∫—µ‘
pomology, systematic °“√»°÷ …“‡°¬’Ë «°∫— °“√
T ππÈ— ‡°¥‘ ®“°‡πÕ◊È ‡¬ÕË◊  «à πÕπ◊Ë Ê¢Õ߇¡≈¥Á ‡™πà ·∫ßà ·¬°‰¡âº≈∑“ßÕπ°ÿ √¡«‘∏“π¢Õßæ™◊
pony band-mill ‡§√Ë◊Õ߇≈ËÕ◊ ¬ “¬æ“π‡≈°Á *
U ‡°‘¥®“° nucellus pony band saw ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬ “¬æ“π‡≈Á°*
pony mill ‚√߇≈ÕË◊ ¬‡≈Á°*
V polyembryony  ¿“æ∑¡’Ë ’§—æ¿–¡“°°«“à 1 „π

W 1 ‡¡≈Á¥

X polygamo-dioecious ¥Ÿ dioecious
Y
Z polygamous ¡¥’ Õ°µ«— ºâŸÀ√Õ◊ ¥Õ°µ—«‡¡’¬ ·≈–

¥Õ° ¡∫√Ÿ ≥‡å æ»∫πµâπ‡¥¬’ «°π—

polygenes °≈àÿ¡¢Õ߬’π (gene) ´÷Ëߧ«∫§ÿ¡

≈—°…≥–Õ—π‡¥’¬«°—π ·µà«à“·µà≈–µ—«· ¥ß

≈—°…≥–ÕÕ°¡“‰¥πâ Õâ ¬¡“° (æ∏.)

polygonal ¡À’ ≈“¬¡ÿ¡

polyhedral ·∫∫À≈“¬‡À≈ˬ’ ¡

polyhybrid  ß‘Ë ¡™’ «’ µ‘ ´ß÷Ë ¡¬’ π’ ∑Ë’‰¡‡à À¡Õ◊ π°π— ¡“

®—∫§àŸ°—π (heterozygous gene) Õ¬àŸ‡ªìπ

®”π«π¡“°

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

225

popping 1. ‡ ’¬ß≈Ëπ— * 2. °“√∂Õ𵫗 * (S. porosity §«“¡æ√ÿπ A
B
springing) porous æ√πÿ C
D
popping pod µÕâ ¬µßË‘ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ porous cup °√–‡ª“–æ√ÿπ E
Ruellia tuberosa, L.) porosity, soil §«“¡æ√πÿ ¢Õߥ‘π, §«“¡‚ª√àß F
G
poppy Ωòîπ (¥Ÿ opium poppy) ¢Õߥ‘π, ™àÕß«à“ß„π¥‘π´Ë÷ß· ¥ß‡ªìπ H
population ª√–™“°√* ‡ªÕ√凴Áπµå‚¥¬‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫™àÕß«à“ß„π¥‘π I
population, heterogeneity §«“¡‰¡à ∑—ßÈ À¡¥°∫— «µ— ∂ÿ∑Ë’‡ªπì ¢Õß·¢ßÁ J
porphyrite : porphyritic rock : porphyry K
 ¡”Ë ‡ ¡Õ¢Õߪ√–™“°√ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬æ◊™ Àπ‘ ‡πÈ◊Õ¥Õ°* L
∑’¡Ë ≈’ °— …≥–∑“ßæ—π∏ÿ°√√¡∑Ë·’ µ°µà“ß°—π porrect ¢π¢Õßµâπ°√–∫Õ߇æ™√‡¡◊ËÕ¢π M
population, homogeneity ª√–™“°√∑Ë’ Õπ— °≈“߇°‘¥µÈ—ß©“°°—∫º«‘ N
 ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬æ◊™∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥– portable mill ‚√߇≈ËÕ◊ ¬‡§≈Ë◊Õπ¬“â ¬* O
∑“ßæπ— ∏°ÿ √√¡‡À¡Õ◊ π°π— À¡¥ porter brush º°— ·§√¥,  ∫— °“ («™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ√Õâ π P
population mean ¡—™¨¡‘ ª√–™“°√* „π °≈ÿ Synedrella nodiflora, Gaertn.) Q
porcupine ‡¡πà À“ß π—È , ‡¡πà „À≠à ( µ— «å„π °≈ÿ portia tree ‚æ∏‘Ï∑–‡≈ (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ R
Hystrix brachyura) Thespesia populnea, Soland.) S
pore (∑∫— »æ— ∑)å , ™Õà ß«à“ß, √Ÿ¢π, √Õ¬‡ª¥î ∑’¡Ë ’ port wine ‰«πå™π‘¥À«“π„™¥â ◊¡Ë À≈ß— Õ“À“√ T
≈°— …≥–°≈¡ possibility º≈º≈µ‘ ∑Ë’Õ“®®–‰¥â U
pore, residual ™àÕß«à“ß(„π¥‘π)¢π“¥‡≈Á° post ‡ “* V
∑ˇ’ À≈◊Õ post, to ®¥— „∫‡≈Ë◊Õ¬* W
pore, solitary √Õ¬‡ª¥î ‡¥’ˬ« post-climacteric √–¬–∑’˺≈‰¡â´Ë÷߇°Á∫®“°µâπ X
pore, storage ™àÕß«à“ß(„π¥‘π)´÷Ëß∫√√√®ÿπ”È ∑’Ë ¡“·≈«â ‡√¡‘Ë ≈¥Õµ— √“°“√À“¬„®≈ß (¥Ÿ senes- Y
‡ªπì ª√–‚¬™πåµàÕæ◊™ cence) Z
pore, transmission ™àÕß«à“ß(„π¥‘π) ”À√—∫ post-emergence °“√„™â “√‡§¡’°”®—¥«—™æ◊™
√–∫“¬π”È À≈ß— ®“°∑«’Ë —™æ◊™‚º≈æà âπº‘«¥π‘ ·≈«â
pore chain √Õ¬‡ª¥î ‡√’¬ß·∫∫‚´à posterior  «à πÀ≈ß—
pore cluster √Õ¬‡ªî¥‡√’¬ß·∫∫°≈ÿ¡à posting plumb ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß®¥— „∫‡≈◊ÕË ¬*
pored : porous ¡’√Õ¬‡ªî¥ posting square ©“°®¥— „∫‡≈◊ËÕ¬*
pored wood ‰¡â¡√’ Õ¬‡ªî¥ postmortem °“√‡ªî¥µ√«®´“°, °“√æ‘ Ÿ®πå
pore multiple √Õ¬‡ª¥î ·Ω¥ ´“°¢Õß —µ«å∑µ’Ë “¬
pore space ™Õà ß«à“ß„π¥‘π, ª√‘¡“µ√™àÕß postpartum ™à«ßÀ≈—ߧ≈Õ¥, ¿“«–À≈ß— §≈Õ¥
poricidal ¥Ÿ dehiscence
pork ‡π◊ÈÕ ÿ°√

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√ 226

A potash 1. π”È ¥“à ß∑’Ë„™∑â ” ∫àŸ (¡“®“°§”«à“ pot pot layering °“√µÕπ
pot life Õ“¬ÿ°“«º ¡*
B + ash = ¢‡’È ∂â“®“°°“√Àÿßµâ¡) 2. ª¬ÿÜ ∑Ë’ pot marigold ¥“«‡√Õ◊ ßΩ√ß—Ë , ¥“«‡√Õ◊ ßÀ¡âÕ

C „À∏â “µ‚ÿ æ·∑ ‡´Ë’¬¡ (¥Ÿ marigold, pot)
D pot plant ‰¡°â √–∂“ß
E potash, muriate of ‚æ·∑ ‡´Ë¬’ ¡§≈Õ‰√¥å poulard ‰°µà Õπ (µ«— ‡¡¬’ )
poultry  µ— «ªå °ï ( µ— «‡å ≈¬È’ ß®”æ«°‡ª¥ì ‰°à À“à π
F potassium-supplying power (of soil) Õ”π“®
G „π°“√„À‚â æ·∑ ‡´¬Ë’ ¡ (¢Õߥπ‘ ) π°æ√‘ “∫)
pourability §«“¡≈πË◊ ‰À≈, §«“¡ “¡“√∂¢ÕßÊ
H potato ¡—πΩ√Ë—ß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Solanum
‡À≈«„πÕ—π∑Ë’®–‰À≈ÕÕ°®“°¿“™π–‚¥¬
I tuberosum, L.) ·√ß‚πâ¡∂à«ß¢Õß‚≈° °“√ Ÿ∫ À√◊Õ«‘∏’°“√
ÕË◊πÊ)
J potato climber ¡–‡¢◊Õ‡°≈◊Õ, ¡–‡¢◊Õ≠’˪ÿÉπ powder-post beetle ¡Õ¥¢¢’È ¬ÿ *
powder puff lily «“à π· ßÕ“∑µ‘ ¬å (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ
K (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Solanum seaforthianum, Haemanthus multiflorus, Martyn)
L powdery fertilizer ª¬ÿÜ ∑’ˇªìπºß§≈⓬ªŸπ
M Andr.) powdery mildew resistance : PMR ¡§’ «“¡
µ“â π∑“πµÕà ‚√§√“πÈ”§“â ß
N potato tree ¡–‡¢Õ◊ ¬°— …å (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Solanum powered cable logging °“√™—°≈“°¥â«¬ “¬
O macranthum, Dun.) ‡§‡∫‘≈·≈–‡§√◊ÕË ß®—°√*
power logging °“√™°— ≈“°¥«â ¬‡§√Ë◊Õß®°— √*
P potential, chemical »°— ¬‡å §¡’ power take-off ‡æ≈“ ßà °”≈ß— *
power tiller √∂‰∂‡¥‘πµ“¡
Q potential, component »—°¬Õå ߧåª√–°Õ∫

R potential, gravitational »—°¬å‚π¡â ∂«à ß

S potential, matric »°— ¬«å — ¥ÿæÈ◊π
T
U potential, osmotic »°— ¬åÕÕ ‚¡µ°‘

V potential, pressure »—°¬§å «“¡¥—π
W potential, total soil water »—°¬å√«¡¢Õßπ”È

X 㹴Թ

Y potential, water »—°¬¢å ÕßπÈ”

Z potential acidity  ¿“æ°√¥·Ωß

potential gradient, water ≈“¥»—°¬å¢Õßπ”È praemorse  à«πª≈“¬·À«àß

potential land use  ¡√√∂¿“æ°“√„™∑â ’¥Ë ‘π prairie soil ¥‘π∑’Ë¡ ’ ’π”È µ“≈·°àÀ√Õ◊ π”È µ“≈‡∑“

potential land use planning °“√«“ß·ºπ „π™—Èπº‘«Àπâ“ ∂—¥≈߉ª¡’ ’®“ß≈߉ª∂÷ß

µ“¡ ¡√√∂¿“æ°“√„™∑â Ë’¥π‘ «—µ∂ÿ∑’Ë¡’ ’ÕàÕπ §àÕπ¢â“ß™◊Èπ·≈–‰¡à¡’¥‘π∑’Ë

potentiometer ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß«¥— ·√߇§≈◊ËÕπ‰øøÑ“ ‡ªπì æ«°‡°≈Õ◊ §“√∫å Õ‡πµÕ¬àŸ¿“¬„µâ

pothos æ≈™Ÿ “â ß (‰¡ªâ √–¥∫— „π °≈ÿ Scindapsus precipitated bone µ–°Õπ°√–¥°Ÿ , º≈æ≈Õ¬‰¥â

officinalis, Schott) „π°“√º≈‘µ°“«®“°°√–¥Ÿ° —µ«å „™âº ¡

pothos vine æ≈Ÿ¥” (‰¡âª√–¥—∫„π °ÿ≈ ‡ªπì Õ“À“√ µ— «å·≈–„™‡â ªπì ª¬ÿÜ ∑’Ë„Àøâ Õ ‡øµ

Scindapsus pictus, Hassk.) precipitation 1. πÈ”®“°∫√√¬“°“»,

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

227

À¬“¥πÈ”øÑ“, π”È ∑Ë’µ°≈ß¡“®“°∑âÕßøÑ“‰¡à pregel (∑—∫»—æ∑å),  “√∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√π”·√॑π A
B
«à“®–Õ¬Ÿà„π√Ÿª¢Õß·¢ÁßÀ√◊Õ¢Õ߇À≈« ‡™àπ ‡À𒬫¡“°«π°—∫ªÿܬ‡À≈«„Àâ¡’ ¿“æ C
D
Ωπ À‘¡– ≈Ÿ°‡À∫Á À¡Õ° À√Õ◊ π”È §â“ß 2. ‡ªìπ‡®≈ ‚¥¬‰¡àµâÕß„™â “√‡§¡’™à«¬„Àâ E
F
°“√µ°µ–°Õπ øÿÑß°√–®“¬ G
H
precision §«“¡·¡πà ¬” pregermination °“√‡æ“–°àÕπ I
J
pre-climacteric minimum ®ÿ¥∑Ë’º≈‰¡â‡√‘Ë¡ pregnancy °“√µß—È §√√¿å, °“√Õ¡âÿ ∑âÕß K
L
À“¬„®µàÕ À≈ß— ®“°‡°∫Á ¡“®“°µπâ ·≈â« preheating °“√µâ¡‰¡â„ππ”È ¬“* (°àÕπÕ—¥) M
N
precocity °“√‡°‘¥¥Õ°µ‘¥º≈‡√Á«°«à“ª√°µ‘ prelogging °“√∑”‰¡™â —πÈ √Õß°Õà π* O
P
pre-cooling °“√∑”„Àâº≈‰¡â‡¬Áπ≈ß°àÕπ‡°Á∫ premature ¥Õ°À√◊ÕΩí°∑’Ë√à«ßÀ≈àπ°àÕπ Q
R
À√◊Õ¢π àß (°√–∫«π°“√𔧫“¡√âÕπ °”Àπ¥∫“π À√◊Õ°àÕπ∑’ËΩí°®–·°à ‡ªìπ S
T
ÕÕ°®“°º≈º≈‘µÕ¬à“ß√«¥‡√Á« Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ ≈—°…≥–‰¡à¥’Õ¬à“ßÀπË÷ߢÕßæ◊™ ¡—°æ∫„π U
V
¢Õߺ≈‰¡Õâ “®≈¥≈ß∂ß÷ 32-40 FÌ Õ“®∑” °≈⫬‰¡â W
X
partial precooling ‚¥¬°“√∑ß‘È º≈‰¡Àâ √Õ◊ premix  “√º ¡≈à«ßÀπâ“, À—«Õ“À“√,  Ÿµ√ Y
Z
º≈º≈‘µ‰«â§◊πÀπË÷ß°àÕπ ·≈⫧àÕ¬¥”‡π‘π Õ“À“√‡¢â¡¢âπ∑˺’  ¡‰«â≈«à ßÀπâ“

°“√µàÕ‰ª) preneutralizer ∂ß— ªØ°‘ √≥‡å µ√¬’ ¡„À‡â ªπì °≈“ß,

precursor  “√µπâ ‡Àµÿ ∂—ߪؑ°√≥å∑’Ë„™â„π°√–∫«π°“√ªíôπ‡¡Á¥ªÿܬ

precursory cell ‡´≈≈´å Ë÷ß„Àâ°”‡π¥‘ ‡´≈≈åÕπ◊Ë Ê º≈¢Õߪؑ°‘√‘¬“°“√∑”„À⇪ìπ°≈“ߧ◊Õ

‚¥¬°“√·∫àßµ«— ‡Õß §«“¡√âÕπ®”π«π¡“°´÷ËßæՇ撬ß∑Ë’®–

predation °“√∑Ë ’ µ— «åÀ“Õ“À“√‚¥¬°‘π —µ«åÕËπ◊ , √–‡À¬πÈ”®“°¢Õ߇À≈«„π∂—ß„Àâ¡’§«“¡

°“√≈“à ‡À¬Ë◊Õ ‡¢â¡¢âπæ√âÕ¡∑Ë’®–‡¢â“ àŸ°√–∫«π°“√ªíôπ

predator µ«— ÀÈ”,  —µ«∑å ’Ë°π‘  —µ«Õå ◊Ëπ‡ªπì Õ“À“√, ‡¡Á¥µàÕ‰ª ‡ªìπ°“√™à«¬¬àπ‡«≈“„π°“√

ºŸâ≈à“‡À¬◊ÕË º≈µ‘ ·≈–°“√Õ∫‡¡¥Á ªÜÿ¬„Àâ·Àßâ ‰¥¥â ⫬

predominant µâπ‰¡â‡√Õ◊ π¬Õ¥‡¥àπ‡¬’¬Ë ¡ pre-packing °“√∫√√®ÿ ‘π§“â ‡æËÕ◊  ßà ‰ª Ÿàµ≈“¥

pre-drier ÀÕâ ߺ÷Ëß°Õà πÕ∫* ¢“¬ª≈°’

pre-embryo §—æ¿–„π√–¬–‡√Ë‘¡·√°¢Õß°“√ prepareness meter ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß«¥— §«“¡‡µ√¬’ ¡æ√Õâ ¡

‡®√‘≠ ‡™πà √–¬–°àÕπ∑’®Ë –‡ÀπÁ suspensor pre-planting °“√æπà  “√°”®¥— «—™æ™◊ °Õà π∑Ë’®–

Õ¬“à ߇¥à𙥗 ª≈°Ÿ æ™◊ À√Õ◊ À«à“π‡¡≈Á¥≈߉ª

pre-emergence (spraying) °“√„™â “√°”®—¥ preservation, wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡,â °“√

«—™æ◊™À≈—ß®“°∑Ë’À¬Õ¥À√◊ÕÀ«à“π‡¡≈Á¥æ◊™ ªÑÕß°π— √°— …“‡πÕ◊È ‰¡â*

·≈«â ·µ‡à ¡≈¥Á ¬—߉¡ßà Õ° preservation, alternating pressure pro-

pre-engaged ´Ë÷ß √«¡‰«â·≈«â cess wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡¥â ⫬°√√¡«∏‘ ’

preframing °“√·µà߉¡â* (°Õà πÕ“∫πÈ”¬“) §«“¡¥—π ≈∫— *

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 228

A preservation, bandage treatment wood preservation, mineralized cell process
wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡¥â «â ¬°√√¡«∏‘ ‡’ ´≈≈å
B °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡¥â «â ¬«∏‘ °’ “√„™·â ∂∫¬“æπ— * ‡°≈Õ◊ ·√*à

C preservation, boiling-without-vacuum preservation, non-pressure treatment
D wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡â¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√‰¡à„™â
E wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÈ◊Õ‰¡¥â «â ¬°“√µâ¡‚¥¬‰¡à §«“¡¥π— *

F ∑” ÿ≠≠“°“»* preservation, open-cell process wood °“√
G preservation, brush treatment wood °“√ ∂πÕ¡‡πÈ◊Õ‰¡â¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√µâ¡„ππÈ”¬“·≈â«
ª≈àÕ¬„À⇬Áπ, °“√∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡â¥â«¬
H ∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÕÈ ‰¡¥â ⫬«∏‘ ’°“√∑“πÈ”¬“‰¡*â °√√¡«∏‘ ’‡´≈≈«å “à ß*

I preservation, butt treatment wood °“√ preservation, open-tank treatment wood
°“√∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡â¥â«¬°√√¡«‘∏’§«“¡‡§Á¡
J ∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡¥â ⫬«‘∏’°“√Õ“∫‚§π*  ≈—∫, °“√∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡â¥«â ¬«‘∏°’ “√·∫∫∂—ß
‡ª¥î *
K preservation, charring and spraying treat-
L preservation, oscilating pressure process
M ment wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡¥â ⫬«∏‘ °’ “√ wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡¥â «â ¬°√√¡«∏‘ ’§«“¡
¥π—  ≈—∫*
N ≈π‰ø·≈–æπà π”È ¬“*
O preservation, cobra process wood °“√ preservation, pressure process wood °“√
∂πÕ¡‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡¥â «â ¬«∏‘ °’ “√„ πà È”¬“„π¥π‘ , °“√
P ∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡¥â ⫬°√√¡«∏‘ ’‡¢’Ȭ«ß*Ÿ ∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡â¥â«¬°√√¡«‘∏’„™§â «“¡¥π— *

Q preservation, conditioning wood °“√ preservation, puddling treatment wood
°“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡¥â «â ¬«∏‘ °’ “√„ πà È”¬“„π¥π‘ *
R ∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡¥â ⫬°“√ª√∫— ¿“«–§«“¡™Èπ◊
preservation, spray treatment wood °“√
S preservation, diffusion process wood °“√
T
U ∂πÕ¡‡πÈÕ◊ ‰¡¥â «â ¬°√√¡«∏‘ ´’ ÷¡´“∫*

V preservation, dip(ping) treatment wood
W °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡¥â ⫬«‘∏°’ “√®ÿà¡*

X preservation, empty-cell process wood °“√

Y ∂πÕ¡‡πÈÕ◊ ‰¡â¥â«¬°√√¡«‘∏’‡´≈≈«å à“ß*

Z preservation, expansion-bath treatment

wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡¥â «â ¬«∏‘ °’ “√‰≈πà È”¬“ ∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡¥â ⫬«‘∏’°“√æàπ*

¥«â ¬§«“¡√âÕπ* preservation, steam and quench treatment

preservation, full-cell process wood °“√ wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡â¥â«¬«∏‘ °’ “√πËß÷ ·≈«â

∂πÕ¡‡πÈ◊Õ‰¡¥â ⫬°√√¡«∏‘ ‡’ ´≈≈凵¡Á * ·™πà È”¬“‡¬Áπ*

preservation, hot-and-cold bath treat preservation, steeping treatment wood °“√

ment wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡â¥«â ¬«∏‘ ’°“√ ∂πÕ¡‡πÕ◊È ‰¡â¥«â ¬«‘∏°’ “√·™à*

µâ¡·≈«â ·™πà È”¬“‡¬πÁ * preservation, stepping treatment wood

preservation, incising wood °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÕÈ◊ °“√∂πÕ¡‡πÈÕ◊ ‰¡â¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√Õ“∫‚§π*

‰¡â¥â«¬°“√ —° preservation, surface treatment wood °“√

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

229

∂πÕ¡‡πÈÕ◊ ‰¡¥â «â ¬«∏‘ ’°“√Õ“∫º«‘ * pressure, end ·√ßÕ¥— ª≈“¬* A
B
preservation, type-tube process wood °“√ pressure, hydrostatic §«“¡¥—π™≈ ∂‘µ¬å C
D
∂πÕ¡‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡â¥«â ¬°√√¡«∏‘ ’„™â¬“ß„π* pressure, radial ·√ßÕ¥— µ“¡√»— ¡’ E
F
preservative  “√°π— °“√‡π“à ‡ ¬’ , πÈ”¬“Õ“∫‰¡,â pressure, turgor ·√߇µßà µ—« (¢Õ߇´≈≈åæ™◊ ) G
H
π”È ¬“ªÕÑ ß°—π√°— …“‡πÕ◊È ‰¡â pressure-bar §“π°¥* (S. nose-bar gap) I
J
preservative, exudation of °“√´÷¡ÕÕ°¢Õß pressure-bar, gap ™Õà ߧ“π°¥·π«πÕπ* (S. K
L
πÈ”¬“* (®“°‰¡â) nose-bar gap) M
N
preservative, gross absorption of ª√‘¡“≥ pressure-bar, lead ™àÕߧ“π°¥·π«µÈß— * O
P
°“√¥Ÿ¥´¡÷ π”È ¬“∑È—ßÀ¡¥* pressure-bar, roller §“π°¥·∫∫≈°Ÿ °≈ßÈ‘ * Q
R
preservative, initial absorption of ª√‘¡“≥ pressure deficit §«“¡¥—π∑’ˬߗ ¢“¥Õ¬Ÿà S
T
°“√¥¥Ÿ ´÷¡π”È ¬“‡√¡‘Ë µâπ* pressure face Àπâ“Õ¥— ¡—π, º‘«‡√’¬∫¡π— ¢Õß U
V
preservative, kickback of ª√‘¡“≥§◊π°≈∫— ‡¡¥Á ¥‘π (ª∞.) W
X
¢Õßπ”È ¬“* (®“°‰¡â) pressure membrane ‡¬ÕË◊ µ“â 𧫓¡¥π— Y
Z
preservative, killing point of ®ÿ¥¶à“¢Õß pressure period √–¬–‡«≈“Õ¥—

π”È ¬“Õ“∫‰¡*â pressure process °√√¡«∏‘ ’„™§â «“¡¥π— *

preservative, oil type π”È ¬“ªÑÕß°—π√—°…“ pressure solution  “√≈–≈“¬¡’§«“¡¥π—

‡πÈ◊Õ‰¡âª√–‡¿∑π”È ¡π— * pressure tester (fruit) ‡§√ÕË◊ ß«¥— §«“¡ÕÕà π

preservative, retention of ª√¡‘ “≥π”È ¬“„π‰¡*â µ«— ¢Õߺ≈‰¡â

preservative, sash π”È ¬“ªÕÑ ß°π— √°— …“‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡â pressure wood ‡πÈÕ◊ ‰¡â∑∂Ë’ Ÿ°°¥

ª√–‡¿∑„™µâ «— ∑”≈–≈“¬* pressurised : pressurized 1. °¥¥—π

preservative, solvent type π”È ¬“ªÑÕß°—π 2. ≈—°…≥–¢ÕßÀâÕß µâŸ À√◊Õ‡§√Ë◊Õß

√°— …“‡π◊ÕÈ ‰¡ªâ √–‡¿∑„™µâ —«∑”≈–≈“¬* Õÿª°√≥å´÷Ëß √â“ߢ÷Èπ„À⧫∫§ÿ¡§«“¡¥—π

preservative, total inhibition point of ®ÿ¥ Õ“°“»¿“¬„π„ÀÕâ ¬àŸ„π ¿“æª√°µ‘

¬—∫¬È—ߢÕßπ”È ¬“Õ“∫‰¡*â presuppression, fire °“√‡µ√¬’ ¡°“√¥∫— ‰ø

preservative, water-borne type π”È ¬“ pretreatment °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘°àÕπ, °“√‡√àߧ«“¡

ªÑÕß°—π√°— …“‡π◊ÕÈ ‰¡âª√–‡¿∑≈–≈“¬„ππ”È * ßÕ°, °“√ª√—∫ ¿“檓É

preservative oil πÈ”¡—π√—°…“‰¡â* prevention, fire °“√ªÑÕß°—π‰ø

press roll(er)s ≈°Ÿ °≈È‘ß°¥* price, upset √“§“¢—Èπµ”Ë *

pressing time ™à«ß‡«≈“Õ—¥* (°“«) prickle  à«π¢Õßæ◊™∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–§≈⓬Àπ“¡

Presslerûs borer  «à“π‡æ√ ‡≈Õ√å ‡°¥‘ ‰¡à ¡”Ë ‡ ¡Õ∫√‘‡«≥º‘«‡ª≈◊Õ°

press-to-lag ¢È’‡≈◊ËÕ¬Õ—¥ (‡ªìπ·∑àßÀ√◊Õ‡ªìπ prick out, to °“√®È‘¡ª≈°Ÿ

·ºπà °Á‰¥â „™·â ∑πøπó ) pride of Burma ‚»°√–¬â“ (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 230

A Amberstia nobilis, Wall.) primordium ‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬ÕË◊ ‡®√≠‘ ∑¬’Ë ß— ‰¡·à ª√√ªŸ ‡ªπì
µ—«°”‡π¥‘ ¢Õß «à πµ“à ßÊ ¢Õßæ™◊
B pride of India Õ‘π∑π‘≈∫° (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈
primrose willow ‡∑’¬ππ“ («™— æ◊™πÈ”„π °≈ÿ
C Lagerstraemia macrocarpa, Wall.) Jussiaea linifolia, L.)
D
E pride of Selangor ‡≈∫Á °√–√Õ° (µπâ ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ principal point ®¥ÿ °÷Ëß°≈“ߢÕß¿“æ
principal point, conjugate ®¥ÿ °ßË÷ °≈“ß (¢Õß
F Bauhinia bidentata, Jack.)
G primary cell wall ºπß— ‡´≈≈åª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘* ¿“æ) ¿“¬πÕ°
prinia π°°√–®∫‘ À≠“â (π°„π °≈ÿ Prinia sp.)
H primary essential element ∏“µÕÿ “À“√À≈°— prisere °“√ ◊∫≈”¥—∫™—Èπµâπ [≈”¥—∫∑¥·∑π

I primary mineral ·√àª∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘ ¢Õß™ÿ¡æ◊™∑Ë’‡√‘Ë¡µâπ¡“®“°æÈ◊π∑Ë’´÷Ë߉¡à‡§¬¡’
æ—π∏æåÿ ◊™¢÷πÈ Õ¬Ÿà°Õà 𠇙πà ∫√‘‡«≥∑’¿Ë ‡Ÿ ¢“‰ø
J primary nutrient ∏“µÿÕ“À“√À≈—° √–‡∫¥‘ ·ºπà ¥π‘ æß— ∑≈“¬ À√Õ◊ „π∑¥Ë’ π‘ ∑∫— ∂¡
°“√ ◊∫≈”¥—∫®–‡√Ë‘¡®“°™ÿ¡æ◊™‡∫‘°π”
K primary particle Õπÿ¿“§ª∞¡¿¡Ÿ ‘ (pioneer community) µ‘¥µàÕ°—π‰ª
L À≈“¬™Èπ— ®π∂ß÷ ™¡ÿ æ◊™‰§≈·¡°´]å
M primary phloem ‡πÈ◊Õ‡¬Õ◊Ë ∑àÕÕ“À“√ ·ª√√Ÿª prismatic ·∫∫·∑ßà À«— µ—¥
prismatic structure ‚§√ß √“â ß(¥π‘ )·∫∫·∑ßà
N ¡“®“° procambium, ∑Õà Õ“À“√ª∞¡¿¡Ÿ *‘ À«— µ¥— (ª∞.)
O primary pit-field  π“¡À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈å privilege (forest)  ∑‘ ∏æ‘ ‡‘ »…„πªÉ“
probability §«“¡πà“®–‡ªìπ*
P ª∞¡¿¡Ÿ *‘ probe 1. µ—«µ¥‘ µ“¡, µ«— µ√«® Õ∫ 2. DNA
À√◊Õ RNA ∑Ë’π”‰ªµ‘¥©≈“°„™â„π°“√
Q primary ray √—»¡’ª∞¡¿Ÿ¡*‘ µ‘¥µ“¡ à«π¢Õß°√¥π‘«‡§≈Õ‘§∑’Ë¡’‡∫ §àŸ

R primary root √“°‡Õ°, √“°∑‡Ë’ °‘¥®“° radicle

S ·≈–®–°≈“¬‡ªìπ√“°·°«â (tap root)
T
U primary timbers ‰¡â™π‘¥¥’*, ‰¡â∑π∑“π*

V primary tissue ‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬◊ÕË ª∞¡¿¡Ÿ *‘
W primary wall ºπß— ‡´≈≈å™—πÈ πÕ°

X primary wood ‡π◊ÈÕ‰¡ªâ ∞¡¿Ÿ¡‘*

Y primary xylem ‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬ÕË◊ ∑Õà π”È ª∞¡¿¡Ÿ ‘ ·ª√√ªŸ

Z ¡“®“° procambium

prime 1. ≈àÕπ”È (°“√‡µ‘¡πÈ”„π‡§√◊ËÕß Ÿ∫π”È  ¡°—π·∫∫ ¡∫√Ÿ ≥Àå √Õ◊ ‡æ’¬ß∫“ß «à π

°àÕπ‡√Ë‘¡‡¥‘π‡§√◊ËÕß) 2. ‡ªìπÀ≈—°, ´Ë÷ß procambium ‡πÈ◊Õ‡¬◊ËÕ∑’˪√–°Õ∫¢È÷π¥â«¬‡ âπ

 ”§—≠¡“° 3. ™È—π¥’‡≈‘», ™—Èπ Ÿß ÿ¥„𠄬‡≈Á°Ê „πæ◊™ ‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ°àÕπ∑’Ë¡—π®–·¬°

°√–∫«π‡¥’¬«°—π ÕÕ°‰ª‡ªìπ∑àÕπ”È ·≈–∑àÕÕ“À“√

prime (quality) 懑 »…* (™πÈ— §ÿ≥¿“æ) process, open-cell °√√¡«‘∏‡’ ´≈≈«å “à ß

primitive ª∞¡∞“π, ·∫∫¥ßÈ— ‡¥¡‘ processing gardening °“√∑” «π‡æË◊Õ‡Õ“

primitive plant æ◊™‚∫√“≥ ‡™πà magnolia, º≈º≈µ‘ ‰ª∑”Õ“À“√ ”‡√Á®√Ÿª

buttercup ‡ªìπµâπ process tankage ‡»…´“° —µ«å®“°‚√߶“à , ªÿܬ

primocane ÀπàÕƒ¥Ÿ·√° (¥Ÿ cane) Õ‘π∑√¬’ ®å “°‚√ßß“π¶“à  —µ«å

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

231

procumbent ‡≈ÕÈ◊ ¬‰ªµ“¡º«‘ ¥π‘ ·µà‰¡ßà Õ°√“° progressive kiln ‡µ“Õ∫·∫∫µàÕ‡πÕ◊Ë ß* A
B
procumbent ray cell ‡´≈≈√å »— ¡π’ Õπ* progressive strip system √–∫∫µ¥— ‡ªπì ·∂∫ C
D
produce, forest º≈µ‘ º≈ªÉ“‰¡*â µàÕ‡π◊ÕË ß E
F
production °“√º≈‘µº≈ prolactin ŒÕ√å‚¡π®“°µàÕ¡„µâ ¡Õß ∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë G
H
productive soil ¥‘πº≈‘µº≈ (¥‘π∑Ë’¡’ ¡∫—µ‘ °√–µÿâπ°“√º≈‘µπ”È π¡·≈–§«∫§ÿ¡ I
J
‡À¡“– ¡µàÕ°“√º≈‘µæ◊™„π‡™ß‘ ‡»√…∞°‘®) 惵‘°√√¡§«“¡‡ªìπ·¡¢à Õß µ— «å K
L
productivity (of soil) §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√ prolapse °“√∑–≈°— , °“√‡≈ÕË◊ π∂Õ¬¢ÕßÕ«¬— «– M
N
º≈‘µ (¢Õߥ‘π), §«“¡ “¡“√∂¢Õߥ‘π„π ®“°µ”·Àπà߇¥¡‘ O
P
°“√º≈‘µ·≈– √â“ߧ«“¡‡®√‘≠‡µ‘∫‚µ¢Õß proliferous ¡’ÀπàÕÀ√◊Õ·¢πß Q
R
æ◊™‡©æ“–™π‘¥ ¿“¬„µâ«‘∏’°“√®—¥√–∫∫„¥ prolific ≈°Ÿ ¥°, ¡≈’ °Ÿ ¥° S
T
√–∫∫Àπß÷Ë prolongation °“√µàÕÕÕ°‰ª,  à«πµàÕÕÕ°‰ª U
V
products, forest «πº≈µ‘ º≈, «πº≈‘µ¿—≥±å* promeristem ‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬Õ◊Ë ‡®√‘≠ à«πª≈“¬, °≈¡àÿ W
X
products, major forest «πº≈‘µº≈À≈°— , «π ‡´≈≈∑å Ë’„À°â ”‡π¥‘ ‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ÕË ‡®√‘≠ Y
Z
º≈‘µ¿≥— ±Àå ≈°— prong test °“√∑¥ Õ∫·∫∫´ Ë’ âÕ¡*

products, minor forest «πº≈µ‘ º≈√Õß, «π pronotum ·ºπà À≈ß— (·¡≈ß)

º≈µ‘ ¿—≥±√å Õß pronounced climacteric º≈‰¡âÀ√◊Õº—°∑’Ë¡’

products, off ‡»…‰¡ªâ ≈“¬‰¡â* („πª“É ) °“√À“¬„®¡“°À≈—ß®“°‡°Á∫®“°µπâ ·≈«â

profile ¿“§µ—¥ („π·π«¥‘ËߢÕß™—Èπ¥‘π, µ“¡ proof load(ing) πÈ”Àπ—°√—∫√Õß*

§«“¡¬“«¢Õß≈”π”È À√◊Õ¢Õß‚§√ß √“â ß™πÈ‘ prop ‰¡â§”È ¬—πÕ‚ÿ ¡ß§*å

 «à π∑Ë«— ‰ª) propagation °“√·º,à °“√¢¬“¬æπ— ∏ÿ,å °“√·æ√à

profile, soil Àπâ“¢“â ß™πÈ— ¥π‘ , Àπ“â µ¥— ¥‘π æ—π∏ÿå

profile, vegetation Àπâ“¢â“ß™—Èπæ◊™ propel ¢∫— ‡§≈Ë◊Õπ, ∑”„Àâ·≈àπ

progeny ≈°Ÿ À≈“π, ºâŸ ∫◊  “¬, æ◊™√àπÿ À≈ß— propellant : propellent ‡§√ÕË◊ ß„À°â ”≈—ߺ≈—°

progeny selection °“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°‚¥¬¥Ÿ°“√ ¥—π„π°√–ªÜÕß ‡ª√¬Àå √Õ◊ ®√«¥

· ¥ßÕÕ°¢Õß√àπÿ ≈Ÿ°‡ªπì À≈—° propelled machine, self ‡§√◊ËÕß®—°√°≈∑Ë¢’ —∫

progeny test °“√∑¥ Õ∫√ÿàπ≈Ÿ°‡æ◊ËÕ„™â ‡§≈◊ËÕπ‰¥â¥â«¬µ—«‡Õß

ª√–°Õ∫°“√æ‘®“√≥“∂÷ߧÿ≥§à“¢ÕßæàÕ propeller „∫®—°√, „∫æ—¥

À√◊Õ·¡à propeller pump ‡§√Ë◊Õß ∫Ÿ ∑’¡Ë ’¢Õ߇À≈«‰À≈

progesterone ŒÕ√å‚¡π¢Õß —µ«‡å 滇¡¬’ ∑” ºà“π„∫æ—¥„π∑‘»∑“ß∑Ë’¢π“π°∫— ·°π‡æ≈“

Àπâ“∑’˪ÑÕß°—π‰¡à„À≢àøÕß„À¡àµ°≈ß¡“ property mark ‡§√Õ◊Ë ßÀ¡“¬°√√¡ ‘∑∏Ï*‘

·≈–™«à ¬„π°“√µÈ—ß∑Õâ ß prophase √–¬–·√°„π°“√·∫à߇´≈≈å·∫∫

progressive burning °“√‡º“‚À¡* mitosis ‚§√‚¡‚´¡®–À¥ π—È ‡¢â“

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 232

A prophyll „∫·√°„∫Àπ÷ËߢÕ߰ˑߥ“â π¢“â ß, °≈∫’ protozoon ¥Ÿ protozoa
provascular strand ‡πÕÈ◊ ‡¬Õ◊Ë apical meristem
B ‡≈¬È’ ß (bract) Õ—πÀπ÷Ëß
∑’®Ë –°≈“¬‰ª
C proportional limit ¢’¥®”°—¥§◊π√ªŸ * provascular tissue ¥Ÿ procambium
D provenance ·À≈àß°”‡π‘¥æ—π∏åÿ
E prop root √“°§È” proventriculus °√–‡æ“–®√‘ߢÕ߉°à (Õ¬àŸ

F prostrate πÕπ√“∫‰ª°—∫æÈπ◊ √–À«à“ß°√–‡æ“–æ°— ·≈–°Îπ÷ )
G prostate gland µÕà ¡≈°Ÿ À¡“° proximal ∞“π, „°≈â®ÿ¥‡√‘Ë¡À√◊Õ®ÿ¥∑’ˇ°“–Õ¬,àŸ

H protandrous °“√∑Ë’æ◊™¡’≈–ÕÕ߇° √µ—«ºŸâ·°à „°≈â„®°≈“ß
proximate analysis °“√«‡‘ §√“–À‚å ¥¬ª√–¡“≥
I æ√âÕ¡∑Ë’®–º ¡°àÕπ‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬ ∑”„Àâ pruinose ¡’π«≈∫πº«‘ æ◊Èπ
prune, to √¥‘ °Ë‘ß, ·µßà °ß‘Ë
J ‡°‘¥°“√º ¡¢“â ¡ pruning °“√µ—¥·µàß, °“√µ—¥‡Õ“ à«π¢Õßæ◊™

K protandry ¥Ÿ protandrous ÕÕ°‡æË◊Õ„Àâæ◊™ “¡“√∂„Àâº≈º≈‘µ‰¥â¥’¢÷Èπ
L [°“√·µàß (training) „π∫“ß°√≥’°ÁÕ“®∂◊Õ
M protease πÈ”¬àÕ¬∑Ë’ “¡“√∂¬àÕ¬‚¡‡≈°ÿ≈¢Õß ‡ªπì °“√µ—¥·µßà ‰¥‡â ™àπ°—π]
pruning, dry °“√√¥‘ °ßË‘ ·Àâß
N ‚ª√µπ’ pruning, green °“√√‘¥°ß‘Ë  ¥
O protection, mechanical °“√ªÑÕß°—π‡™ß‘ °≈* pruning, high °“√√¥‘  ßŸ
pruning, low °“√√¥‘ µË”
P protective threshold ®ÿ¥ªÑÕß°—π* (¢Õßπ”È ¬“ pruning, natural °“√√¥‘ °ß‘Ë ‚¥¬∏√√¡™“µ‘
pruning, root °“√√‘¥√“°
Q Õ“∫‰¡â) pruning, selective high °“√√¥‘  ßŸ ·∫∫‡≈Õ◊ °

R protein glue °“«‚ª√µ’π*

S proteolysis °“√¬àÕ¬‚ª√µ’π„À⇪ìπ‡ªª‰∑¥å
T
U À√Õ◊ °√¥Õ–¡‚‘ π¥â«¬‡Õπ‰´¡å proteolytic

V protoderm ‡π◊ÈÕ‡¬◊ËÕ‡®√‘≠∑’Ë®–·ª√√Ÿª‰ª‡ªìπ
W ‡´≈≈ºå «‘ (epidermis)

X protogeny °“√∑’ˉ¢àæ√âÕ¡º ¡°àÕπ≈–ÕÕß

Y ‡° √µ«— ºâŸ ∑”„À‡â °‘¥°“√º ¡¢“â ¡, °“√·°à

Z °àÕπ¢Õ߇° √µ—«‡¡¬’

protogenous ¥Ÿ protogeny µπâ

protogynous ¥Õ°‰¡∑â ‡’Ë ° √µ—«‡¡¬’ æ√Õâ ¡∑’®Ë – pruning shears °√√‰°√µ¥— ·µßà

º ¡°àÕπ‡° √µ«— ºŸâ pseudo- ª≈Õ¡, ‰¡·à ∑â

protolignin ≈‘°ππ‘ ∏√√¡™“µ‘ pseudobulb ≈”≈Ÿ°°≈⫬,  à«π¢Õß≈”µâπ

protoplasm  “√ª√–°Õ∫∑“߇§¡’∑’Ë√«¡µ—«°—π °≈⫬‰¡â∫“ß™π‘¥ ¡’≈—°…≥–æÕßÕÕ°µ√ß

‡¢â“‡ªìπ ‘Ëß¡™’ ’«‘µ °≈“߇≈Á°πÕâ ¬§≈⓬º≈°≈⫬

protoplast Àπ૬¢Õß Ëß‘ ¡’™’«µ‘ „π‡´≈≈åÊ ÀπßË÷ pseudoterminal bud µ“∑Õ’Ë ¬∫Ÿà π ¥ÿ ¢Õßµ“¢“â ß

protozoa  µ— «å‡´≈≈凥¬’ « ¥“â πÀπß÷Ë ¡’·º≈‡ªπì ´÷ßË ‡°‘¥®“°„∫ ¥“â πµ√ß

protozoology «∑‘ ¬“ µ— «‡å ´≈≈‡å ¥¬’ « ¢â“¡¡·’ º≈‡ªìπ´÷ßË ‡°‘¥®“°µ“¬Õ¥

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

233

Psilophyta phylum ÀπË÷ߢÕßæ◊™‚∫√“≥∑’Ë¡’  “¬æ“π A
B
vascular pulley ratio Õ—µ√“ à«π‡ âπºà“»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ߢÕß C
D
psychrometer ‡§√Ë◊Õß«—¥§«“¡™◊Èπ —¡æ—∑∏å, ≈âÕ¢∫— µàÕ≈âÕµ“¡ E
F
¡“µ√«—¥§«“¡™È◊π∫√√¬“°“» pulling force ·√ß≈“°¥ß÷ G
H
psychrophile ·∫§∑‡’ √¬’ ∑Ë™’ Õ∫Õ“°“»‡¬πÁ pulling power °”≈ß— ∑’Ë„™â≈“°¥÷ß I
J
pteridology «∑‘ ¬“º—°°Ÿ¥, «∑‘ ¬“‡ø√î åπ pulling tops ¢®¥— ª≈“¬‰¡â, °“√≈“° à«π¬Õ¥ K
L
ptyxis ‡™‘ß„π∑Ÿ¡ ÕÕ°* M
N
puberty §«“¡‡ªìπÀπÿࡇªìπ “« (æ√âÕ¡®– pull off ¥ß÷ ÕÕ°®“°°—π O
P
 ∫◊ æ—π∏ÿ剥â) pullorum ‚√§¢’È¢“«„π‰°à Q
R
puberulent ¢π∑¡Ë’ ’¢π“¥‡≈Á° ∫“ß ÕàÕπ ·≈– pull out ¥ß÷ ÕÕ°, ∂Õπ, ¥ß÷ ¢Èπ÷ ¡“ S
T
µßÈ— µ√ß ¡Õ߇ÀÁ𬓰¥«â ¬µ“‡ª≈“à pull up ¥ß÷ ¢πÈ÷ , §∫◊ §≈“π U
V
pubescent ª°§≈ÿ¡¥â«¬¢π —ÈπÕàÕππÿà¡·≈– pulp, chemical ‡¬ËÕ◊ ‡§¡*’ W
X
≈–‡Õ’¬¥ pulp, groundwood ‡¬◊ËÕ‰¡∫â ¥* Y
Z
puddle, to ™ÿ∫‚§≈π, °«π„À⇪πì ‚§≈π pulp, mechanical ‡¬ÕË◊ ∫¥‡™‘ß°≈*

puddler : puddling §√“¥∑”‡∑Õ◊ °, °“√∑” pulp, wood ‡¬◊ËÕ‰¡â*

‡∑◊Õ°À√◊Õª≈°— pulp hook ¢Õ¡◊Õ*

puddling treatment «‘∏’°“√„ πà È”¬“„π¥‘π* pulping °“√∑”‡¬ÕË◊ *

puffiness Õ“°“√∑’˺≈‰¡â¡’≈—°…≥–ÕàÕππÿà¡ pulpwood ‰¡∑â ”‡¬Ë◊Õ*

¡’¢π“¥„À≠à°«à“ª√°µ‘·≈–¡’µ”Àπ‘¢â“ß„π pulse æ◊™À√◊Õ‡¡≈Á¥æ◊™µ√–°Ÿ≈∂Ë—«‚¥¬‡©æ“–

À≈«¡ æ«°∑Ë’¡’‡¡≈Á¥‚µ  “¡“√∂„™â‡ªìπÕ“À“√‰¥â

pugmill ‡§√◊ËÕߺ ¡, ‡§√ËÕ◊ ߪíπô ‡¡¥Á ª¬Üÿ ‡§¡’ pulverisation °“√∑”„Àâ (¥‘π) √«à π ·≈–·µ°

pulasan ‡ß“–¢π πÈ— (‰¡ºâ ≈„π °≈ÿ Nephelium ÕÕ°®“°°—π, °“√∑”„À⇪ìπºß, °“√¬àÕ¬

nutabile, Blume.) ¢π“¥« — ¥„ÿ À‡â ≈°Á ≈ß (S. pulverization)

pulaski ¢«“π®Õ∫ pulviniform π«¡‚§π„∫ (¥Ÿ pulvinus)

pull °“√≈¡â ‡∫¬’Ë ß* pulvinus π«¡‚§π„∫,  à«π∑Ë’¢¬“¬µ—«ÕÕ°

pull-back line  “¬¥ß÷ °≈∫— * ∫√‘‡«≥∞“π°â“π„∫À√◊Õ°â“π„∫¬àÕ¬ ‡ªìπ

pullboat ‡√Õ◊ °«“â π, °“√™°— ≈“°¥«â ¬‡√Õ◊ °«“â π* ‚§√ß √â“ß∑’ˇ°Ë’¬«¢âÕß°—∫°“√‡§≈Ë◊Õπ‰À«

pullet ‰° à “« (Õ“¬‰ÿ ¡‡à °π‘ 1 ªï „°≈®â –‰¢Àà √◊Õ ¢Õß„∫À√◊Õ„∫¬Õà ¬, √Õ¬∫«¡∑∞Ë’ “π¢Õß°Ëß‘

‡æ‘ßË ‡√‘Ë¡‰¢à) ™Õà ¥Õ° ‡™àπ „π¢“â «‚Õµä ·≈–¢“â «øÉ“ß

pullet chick ≈Ÿ°‰°µà «— ‡¡¬’ pump, back-pack ‡§√ÕË◊ ßæπà  “√≈–≈“¬™π¥‘

pullet egg ‰¢à‰°à “«  –擬À≈ß—

pulley 1. ≈°Ÿ √Õ°* (S. sheave) 2. ≈âÕ¢—∫ pump, centrifugal ªí¡ö ·√߇À«¬’Ë ß

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√ 234

A pump, diaphragm type ªöí¡™π‘¥∑Ë’¡’√–∫∫ µ«— ‡Õß∑Õ’Ë ¬Ÿà„π ¿“æ homozygous; ¥Ÿ line,
inbred)
B ¢Õ߉¥Õ–·ø√¡™«à ¬„π°“√‰À≈¢ÕßÊ ‰À≈ purging croton  ≈Õ¥,  ≈Õ¥µπâ (æ™◊ „π
 °ÿ≈ Croton tiglium, L.)
C ∑Õ’Ë µ— √“°“√‰À≈·≈–§«“¡¥—πµ”Ë purging nut  ∫Ÿà¥” (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Jatropha
D curcas, L.)
E pump, jet ‡§√◊ËÕß Ÿ∫·∫∫À«— ©¥’ purification °√–∫«π°“√∑”„À∫â √ ‘ ∑ÿ ∏Ï‘
purple nutsedge À≠â“·Àâ«À¡Ÿ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ
F pump, piston ªíö¡≈Ÿ° ∫Ÿ √Õâ π„π °ÿ≈ Cyperus rotundus, L.)
G pump, rotary ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß Ÿ∫™π¥‘ À¡πÿ purple wreath æ«ß§√“¡ (‰¡â¥Õ°„π °ÿ≈
Petrea volubilis, Jacq.)
H pump, squeezing ‡§√◊ÕË ß Ÿ∫πÈ”™π¥‘ Àπ÷ßË (¢∫— purslane æ◊™®”æ«°º—°‡∫’Ȭ „™â‡ªìπº—° ≈—¥
À√◊Õ¥Õß
I ¥—ππ”È º“à π∑Õà ‚¥¬„™·â √ß∫’∫√¥’ π”È ÕÕ°‰ª) purse line ‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ®—∫ —µ«åπÈ”ª√–‡¿∑Õ«π
≈Õâ ¡
J pump, turbine ‡§√Ë◊Õß Ÿ∫™π‘¥·√߇À«Ë’¬ß¡’ push net ‰ √ÿπ, √–«– (‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ®—∫ —µ«åπ”È
ª√–‡¿∑Õ«π™âÕπ™π‘¥ÀπË÷ß „™â ”À√—∫®—∫
K „∫æ—¥À≈“¬™ÿ¥ ™à«¬¥—ππÈ”„Àâ¡’§«“¡¥—𠇧¬µ“¡™“¬∑–‡≈µÈπ◊ Ê ·∂∫®ß— À«¥— µ√“¥)
L pushrod °â“πº≈—°¥π— ≈È‘π
M  Ÿß‰¥â purslane æ™◊ ®”æ«°º°— ‡∫’Ȭ „∫„™‡â ªπì º—° ≈¥—
À√◊Õº°— ¥Õß
N pump, vane ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß Ÿ∫·∫∫§√’∫ pursley º—°‡∫’Ȭ„À≠à («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈
O pumped tree µπâ ‰¡·â °πà ºÿ* Portulaca oleracea, L.)

P pump efficiency Õ—µ√“ à«π¢Õß°”≈—ß∑“ß

Q ∑ƒ…Ƶ’ Õà °”≈ß— ∑µ’Ë Õâ ß°“√„À‡â §√Õ◊Ë ß ∫Ÿ ∑”ß“π

R pumpkin øí°∑Õß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Cucurbita

S moschata, Poir.)
T
U punctate ¡®’ ¥ÿ (ª√°µ¡‘ µ’ Õà ¡πÈ”¡—πÕ¬¥àŸ ⫬)

V puncture 1. Ωí߇¢Á¡ 2. °“√‡®“–√Ÿ¥â«¬¢Õß
W ·À≈¡ 3. √√Ÿ Ë—«¢Õ߬“ß√∂

X pungent ª≈“¬·À≈¡·¢Áß, °≈Ë‘π©πÿ

Y punk 1. ‡ÀÁ¥∑”≈“¬‰¡*â 2. ‰¡ºâ ¬ÿ ¬àÿ *, °“√ºÿ

Z √–¬– ¥ÿ ∑⓬

punk knot µ“º¡ÿ “°* pustular æÕß

punky heart ‰ ‡â ª√“–* (S. brittleheart) putrefaction ¥Ÿ putrifaction

punnai nuts °–∑‘ß (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ putrifaction °“√∫Ÿ¥‡πà“, °“√°√–∑”„À⇰‘¥

Calophyllum inophyllum, L.) °“√‡πà“‡ ’¬‚¥¬·∫§∑’‡√’¬∫“ß™π¥‘

punt, sling ‡√Õ◊ ∑àÿπ* pyinkado jamba ·¥ß (µâπ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ Xylia

pupa ¥—°·¥â kerrii, Craib & Hutch.)

pure culture ‡™ÕÈ◊ ∫√ ‘ ∑ÿ ∏Ï‘ pyramid type (training) °“√·µàß°‘ßË ‚¥¬∑È‘ß

puree ‡πÕ◊È º≈‰¡â, º—°∫¥ °ß‘Ë ¬Õ¥ (leader) ‰«â ·≈–¡°’ ß‘Ë „À≠·à ¬°ÕÕ°

pure line æ—π∏åÿ·∑â (ª√°µ‘À¡“¬∂ß÷ æ◊™´ßË÷ º ¡ ∑”„Àâ∑√ßæÿà¡¥Ÿ§≈⓬ªî√“¡‘¥ (¥Ÿ leader

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

235

type) pyrite (∑—∫»—æ∑å), ·√à´Ë÷ߪ√–°Õ∫¥â«¬‡À≈Á° A
B
pyrena ¥Ÿ pyrene °”¡–∂—π·≈–¡’‚≈À–Õ◊Ë𠇙àπ ∑Õß·¥ß C
D
pyrene  à«π∑’¡Ë ≈’ °— …≥–·¢ßÁ ¢Õß drupelet ‡®◊ÕªπÕ¬Ÿà¥«â ¬ E
F
pyrenoid °Õâ π‚ª√µπ’ „πæ™◊ ™πÈ— µ”Ë ‡ªπì ∑ Ë’ – ¡ pyroclassic rock Àπ‘ µ–°Õπ¿Ÿ‡¢“‰ø* G
H
·ªÑß pyrolysis °“√·¬° ≈“¬¥«â ¬§«“¡√âÕπ I
J
pyrexia Õ“°“√‡ªìπ‰¢â pyrometer ¡“µ√Õ≥ÿ À¿Ÿ¡‘ ßŸ K
L
pyriform ∑√ß≈Ÿ°·æ√å (pear shape) pyxis º≈·∫∫·§ª´Ÿ≈∑’Ë¡’°“√·µ°µ√ß∫√‘‡«≥ M
N
√Õ∫°Ë÷ß°≈“ß O
P
Q Q
R
q.g. : quarter girth Àπ÷Ëß„π ¢’Ë π“¥«—¥√Õ∫* ∂à“¬∑Õ¥≈—°…≥–∑Ë’‰¡à “¡“√∂·¬°°≈àÿ¡‰¥â S
T
qtd. : quartered º“à  Ë*’ , µ“¡‡ âπ√—»¡’ Õ¬“à ß™—¥‡®π U
V
quadrat Àπ૬À√◊Õ·ª≈ß∑Ë’„™â„π°“√ àÿ¡‡æ◊ËÕ quarantine °“√°°— °π— , ¥“à π°—°°—π (æ™◊ À√◊Õ W
X
°“√»÷°…“™π‘¥æ◊™  µ— «)å ‡æÕË◊ µ√«® Õ∫·≈–ªÕÑ ß°π— ‚√§µ¥‘ µÕà Y
Z
quadrat, stocked ·ª≈ß∑’Ë„™â„π°“√ àÿ¡‡æ◊ËÕ quarter 1. ∑Ë’æ°— 2.  «à π¢Õß —µ«å (‡™πà fore

°“√»÷°…“™π¥‘ æ◊™´Ëß÷ ‡°Á∫√«∫√«¡‰«â quarter =  à«πÀπ“â ¢Õß µ— «å, hind quar-

qualitative character ≈—°…≥–∑“ߧÿ≥¿“æ, ter = à«π∑“â ¬¢Õß —µ«)å

≈°— …≥–∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡¥â«¬¬π’ (gene) ‰¡°à ˵’ —« quarter-cut ∑’‡Ë ≈ÕË◊ ¬µ“¡√»— ¡*’

·≈–¬’π·µà≈–µ—«· ¥ß≈—°…≥–π—ÈπÕ¬à“ß quarter-girth Àπ÷Ëß„π ¢’Ë π“¥«¥— √Õ∫*

‡¥πà ™—¥ quartered 1. ºà“ Ë’* 2. µ“¡√—»¡’*

qualitative character, inheritance °“√ quartered timber ‰¡∑â àÕπº“à  ’*Ë

∂à“¬∑Õ¥≈—°…≥–∑’Ë “¡“√∂·∫àßÕÕ°‡ªìπ quartered veneer ‰¡â∫“ßΩ“πµ“¡√»— ¡’*

°≈ÿ¡à ‰¥âÕ¬à“ß™—¥‡®π quarter-girth measure «‘∏«’ ¥— ·∫∫ 1/4 ¢π“¥

quality class ™È—π§ÿ≥¿“æ «—¥√Õ∫*

quality (of the locality) ™—Èπ§ÿ≥¿“æ quarter-girth tape  “¬«¥— 1/4 ¢π“¥«¥— √Õ∫*

quantitative character ≈—°…≥–∑“ߪ√¡‘ “≥, quarter-girth volume ª√¡‘ “µ√·∫∫ 1/4 ¢π“¥

≈—°…≥–∑Ë’§«∫§ÿ¡¥â«¬¬’π (gene) ‡ªìπ «—¥√Õ∫*

®”π«π¡“° ·µ≈à –µ«— ¡º’ ≈µÕà °“√· ¥ßÕÕ° quarter-grain ∑’ˇ≈◊ËÕ¬µ“¡√—»¡’*

‰¥âπÕâ ¬ Õ“®¡’ªØ°‘ ‘√¬‘ “¢Õß¬π’ ‡ªìπº≈∫«° quarter-rotary cut ªÕ°·∫∫ºà“ Ë*’

À√Õ◊ ‰¡à°Á‰¥â quarter-rotary cut veneer ‰¡â∫“ߪհµ“¡

quantitative character, inheritance °“√ √»— ¡’*

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√ 236

A quarter-sawn ∑‡Ë’ ≈Õ◊Ë ¬µ“¡‡ πâ √»— ¡*’ (S. edge- quick freezing °“√‡°Á∫º≈º≈µ‘ ·∫∫·™à·¢ßÁ ,

B grain, edge-sawn, quarter cut, quar- °“√∑”„Àâº≈º≈‘µ‡¬Áπ≈ß‚¥¬∑—π∑’·≈â«π”

C ter-grain, radial-sawn, rift-grain, rift- ¡“‡°∫Á ∑ÕË’ ≥ÿ À¿¡Ÿ ‘ 0 ∂÷ß 10 ÌF ºπß— ‡´≈≈å
D
E sawn, vertical-grain) ¥â“π√—»¡’ (A. tangential wall)

F quarter-sawn timber ‰¡‡â ≈◊ÕË ¬µ“¡√»— ¡*’ quick-lime ªŸπ °ÿ , ªπŸ ¢“«, ªπŸ ∑’ˉ¥â®“°°“√

G quarter surface º‘«Àπâ“¥“â π√»— ¡’* ‡º“·µà¬—߉¡æà √¡π”È

H quartz §«Õµ´,å ·√à‡¢¬È’ «Àπÿ¡“π* quick test °“√∑¥ Õ∫·∫∫√«¥‡√Á«

I quartzite À‘π§«Õµ´å‰´µå* (Àπ‘ ·ª√™π‘¥Àπ÷ßË quilted °π‘ §≈Õß* (‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬), √Õ¬øíπ‡≈◊ËÕ¬

J ª√–°Õ∫¥«â ¬§«Õµ´å‡ªìπ à«π„À≠)à quilted figure ≈“¬ °— * (·∫∫º“â π«¡)
quincuncial ∑—∫»—æ∑å, (°“√‡√’¬ß°≈’∫¥Õ°
K quassia ª√–∑—¥®’π, ª√–∑—¥∑Õß (‰¡ªâ √–¥∫— „π
L ·∫∫ÀπßË÷ )
M  °ÿ≈ Quassia amara, L.) quinqunx ·∫∫ ≈∫— øíπª≈“

N queen flower Õ‘π∑π‘≈∫° (¥Ÿ pride of India)

O queen wreath æ«ß§√“¡ (¥Ÿ purple wreath) quinqunx system (planting) ¥Ÿ diagonal

P Queensland swamp oak  π∑–‡≈ (µπâ ‰¡â„π system

Q  °ÿ≈ Casaurina equisetifolia, L.)

R

S

T R
U

V rabbet ∫ß— „∫* (S. rebate) ¥Õ°∑Ë’¡’¢π“¥¬“« ¥Õ°∑Ë’‡°‘¥°àÕπ´÷ËßÕ¬Ÿà

W rabies ‚√§°≈«— πÈ”, ‚√§æ‘… πÿ ¢— ∫â“ ∫√‘‡«≥∞“π™àÕ¥Õ°®–∫“π°àÕπ ·≈–¥Õ°
X race 1.  “¬æπ— ∏,ÿå ‡™◊ÕÈ ™“µ‘ 2. °≈ÿà¡¢Õß ‘ßË ¡’ ∫√‘‡«≥¬Õ¥®–∫“π∑’À≈ß— , ™àÕ°√–®–
Y racemose ™àÕ¥Õ°·∫∫ indeterminate (·∫ßà
Z ™’«‘µ∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–∫“ßÕ¬à“ß ◊∫∑Õ¥°—π¡“ ÕÕ°‰¥â‡ªìπ raceme, spike, panicle,

®“°∫√√æ∫ÿ√ÿ…¥—È߇¥‘¡‡¥’¬«°—π ‚¥¬∑—Ë«‰ª

∂◊Õ‡ªìπ à«π¬àÕ¬ à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕß species head, catkin or arment, umbel ·≈–

3. ‡™Õ◊È ‚√§´ß÷Ë ‡¢â“∑”≈“¬æ◊™‰¥·â µ°µà“ß°—π corymb)

(æ∏.) 4. ‡§√◊ÕË ß¡◊ÕÀ¡“¬‰¡*â («π.) rachilla °â“π∑’Ë·µ°ÕÕ°®“°°â“π™àÕ¥Õ°À≈—°

race, physiological ¥Ÿ race (rachis)

race, simple ‡™◊ÈÕ∑’Ë¡’¬’π (gene) ∑Ë’®–∑”„Àâ rachis °“â π™Õà ¥Õ°À≈°— , ·°π´ßË÷ ‡ªπì ∑‡Ë’ °¥‘ ¢Õß

‡°¥‘ ‚√§‰¥Õâ ¬ŸàπÕâ ¬µ«— „∫¬Õà ¬

raceme ™Õà ¥Õ°·∫∫ indeterminate ª√–°Õ∫ rack 1. ∑“ߪɓ, ∑“ß™°— ≈“°‰¡‡â ≈°Á * 2. ∑«Ë’ “ß

¥â«¬¥Õ°¬àÕ¬∑Ë’¡’°â“π¥Õ°‡°‘¥∫π°â“π™àÕ ‰¡∫â π‡≈ËÕ◊ π* (S. dray) 3. √“ßøπí ‡øÕó ß*

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

237

rack saw ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬√“ßøíπ‡øÕó ß* raft ·æ* A
B
racking (timber testing) °“√„™·â √߇©Õ◊ π* raft, flat ·æ·¡πà ”È * C
D
(°“√∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡·¢Áß·√ߢÕ߉¡â) rail °√Õ∫πÕπ*, §√à“«πÕπ*, √“«* E
F
racking, end °“√°Õ߉¡â·∫∫¢Õ∫æ‘ß* rail chair ‡À≈Á°√Õß√“ß* G
H
radial ‡ªπì √—»¡,’ „π·π«√»— ¡’ rail(way) tie ‰¡Àâ ¡Õπ√∂‰ø* I
J
radial intercellular canal ∑Õà √–À«à“߇´≈≈å railing ‰¡ªâ –¢Õ∫* (S. banding) K
L
µ“¡·π«√»— ¡’* railway daisy À≠“â °π⠮Ȕ¢“« (¥Ÿ beggartick) M
N
radial movement °“√‡§≈ÕË◊ π∑’Ë (‡¢“â À√Õ◊ ÕÕ°) railway logging °“√¢π´ßÿ ‚¥¬√∂‰ø‡≈°Á * O
P
„π·π«√»— ¡’ raindrop figure ≈“¬À¬“¥Ωπ* Q
R
radial pressure ·√ßÕ¥— µ“¡√»— ¡*’ raintree ®“¡®ÿ√’ (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Albizzia S
T
radial-sawn ∑’‡Ë ≈Ë◊Õ¬µ“¡√»— ¡’* lebbek, Benth. ·≈– Samanea saman, U
V
radial section √Ÿªµ—¥¥â“𬓫µ“¡√Õ¬√—»¡’, Merr.) W
X
¥“â π√»— ¡’* (S. edge-grain) raise ‡≈¬’È ß, ∑”„Àπâ πŸ , ‡æ“–‡≈¬È’ ß, ∑”„À(â  )’  ¥, Y
Z
radial symmetry ¥Ÿ regular flower ∑”„ÀâøŸ

radial triangulation °“√∑” “¡‡À≈’¬Ë ¡¥«â ¬ raised beach ™“¬À“¥¬°µ—«, Ωíòß∑–‡≈¬°µ«—

√—»¡’ raised grain ‡ ¬’È πππŸ *

radial wall ºπß— ‡´≈≈¥å “â π√—»¡’* (A. tangen- rake 1. §√“¥ (° .) 2. §√“¥, ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß¡◊Õ®—∫

tial wall)  µ— «åπÈ”ª√–‡¿∑¢¥ÿ ≈“° (ª¡.)

radiate ¡’ ray flower, °√–®“¬®“°»πŸ ¬°å ≈“ß rake (angle) ¡ÿ¡Àπⓧ¡øíπ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬*, ¡ÿ¡Àπâ“

√«à ¡°π— §¡„∫¡’¥*

radical ‡°¥‘ ®“°√“°, „∫∑‡’Ë √¬’ ß´Õâ π°π— µ√ß∞“π raker (tooth) øπí §√“¥* (‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬) (S. clearer)

radicle  «à π¢Õ߇¡≈Á¥∑Ë’®–‡®√≠‘ ‡ªπì √“°, √“° rake up §√“¥

·√°‡°¥‘ ram 1. Õªÿ °√≥å´÷ßË ¡°’ “√°√–·∑°¥«â ¬·√ß ‡™πà

radio-frequency heating °“√„À⧫“¡√âÕ𠇧√◊ËÕßµÕ°‡ “‡¢Á¡ 2. ·°–µ—«ºâŸ

¥«â ¬§≈Ë◊𧫓¡∂ Ë’ Ÿß* ram, double active Õÿª°√≥å∑’Ë„™â√–∫∫°“√

radio-frequency seasoning °“√∑”„À≡·â Àßâ °√–·∑° 2 ®—ßÀ«–

¥â«¬§≈Ë◊𧫓¡∂’ˠߟ * ram, hydraulic ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß ∫Ÿ πÈ”∑’Ë„™·â √ßπ”È µ°¥π—

radish º—°°“¥ÀπŸ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Raphanus πÈ”ª√¡‘ “≥πâÕ¬°«à“¢Èπ÷  Ÿ∑à  Ë’ Ÿß

sativus, L.) rambeh : rambi ¡–‰ø (‰¡âº≈„π °ÿ≈

radius/thickness ratio Õ—µ√“ à«π√—»¡’µàÕ Baccaurea sapida, Muell.-Arg.)

§«“¡Àπ“* rambutan ‡ß“– (‰¡âº≈„π °ÿ≈ Nephelium

lappaccum, L.)

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√ 238

A ramie grass ª“É π√“¡’ (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Boehmeria ransom ‰∂¬àÕ¬¥‘π
raphe  à«π∑Ë’‡À≈◊ÕÕ¬àŸ¢Õß°â“π‰¢à´Ë÷߇™◊ËÕ¡µ‘¥
B nivea, Gaud.)
°—∫ à«π∑’ËÀàÕÀÿ⡉¢à (integument) ª√°µ‘
C ramified ¥Ÿ ramify ®–ππŸ ‡ªπì  π— æ∫„πæ™◊ ∑¡’Ë ’‰¢·à ∫∫ anatro-
D pous
E ramiform ‡ªìπ°Ë‘ß°â“πÀ√◊Õ¡’·¢πß raphid crystal º≈°÷ √Ÿª°≈à¡ÿ ‡¢¡Á *
raphides º≈°÷ √ªŸ ‡¢¡Á ¢Õß·§≈‡´¬’Ë ¡ÕÕÁ °´“‡≈∑
F ramiform pit À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈å·∫∫√Õ¬√à«¡* æ∫„π‡´≈≈æå ◊™∫“ß™π‘¥
G ramify ·º°à √–®“¬, ·µ°°ßË‘ °“â π “¢“ rarity æπ— ∏ÿÀå “¬“°
raspbar ™πÈ‘  «à π∑¡’Ë ≈’ —°…≥–‡ªπì ·ºπà , « — ¥∑ÿ ¡’Ë ’
H ramp ™“π≈“¥* ≈—°…≥–πŸπ‚§âß∑“ߥâ“πÀπâ“ («— ¥ÿπ’È„™â
ª√–°Õ∫°∫— ≈°Ÿ π«¥À√Õ◊ µ–·°√ßπ«¥ ™«à ¬
I ranch ∑àÿßÀ≠â“, §Õ°ª» ÿ µ— «å „π°“√·¬°‡¡≈Á¥ÕÕ°®“°√«ßÀ√Õ◊ Ωí°)
ratama √—µ¡“ (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Pakinsonia
J rancid °≈Ë‘πÀ◊π∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“°ÕÕ°´‘‡®π‡¢â“∑” torreyana)
rate of feed Õµ— √“ªÑÕπ*
K ªØ°‘ ‘√¬‘ “°∫— ‰¢¡π— „πÕ“À“√ rate of growth Õ—µ√“°“√‡µ∫‘ ‚µ*
L rate of head movement Õ—µ√“‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑À’Ë «—
M rancidity °“√Àπ◊ ¢Õ߉¢¡—π„πÕ“À“√‡πÕË◊ ß®“° ∑¥ Õ∫*
rate of loading Õ—µ√“°“√„Àπâ ”È Àπ°— *
N ÕÕ°´‘‡®π‡¢“â ∑”ªØ°‘ √‘ ‘¬“ rate of spread meter ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß«—¥Õµ— √“‰ø≈“¡
O rand ‡»…¢Õ∫‰¡*â (S. edging) rate of straining Õ—µ√“§«“¡‡§√¬’ ¥*
rate of stressing Õµ— √“§«“¡‡§âπ*
P random ‡¥“ à¡ÿ , µ“¡∫ÿ≠µ“¡°√√¡

Q randomized arrangement °“√®—¥Õ—π¥—∫

R ·∫∫‡¥“ à¡ÿ

S randomized block design °“√«“ß·ºπ·∫∫
T
U  ¡ÿà ‡ªπì ∫≈ÕÁ °,·ºπ·∫∫°“√ ¡àÿ ‡ªπì ∫≈ÕÁ °*

V random length (R/L) §«“¡¬“«§≈–* (S.
W odd length)

X random matching °“√‡√¬’ ßÀπ“â ·∫∫§≈–*

Y random width §«“¡°«“â ߧ≈–*

Z range 1. ∑àÿßÀ≠â“∑Ë’‡°‘¥¢È÷πµ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘ ∂â“

‰¡à¡’√—È«√Õ∫¢Õ∫™‘¥‡√’¬°«à“ open range ration Õ“À“√∑Ë’„Àâ µ— «°å ‘π„π™à«ß‡«≈“Àπ÷ßË «π—

(° .) 2. ·¢«ß, ªÉ“∑ÿà߇≈’Ȭߠ—µ«å («π.) ratoon ÀπÕà ∑‡Ë’ °¥‘ „µ¥â π‘ ¢Õßæ™◊ À≈°— (¥Ÿcrown),

3. æ ‘ ¬— ·µ°ÀπàÕ„À¡à, ª≈Ÿ°‚¥¬°“√‡≈È’¬ßÀπàÕ

range, natural ‡¢µ°”‡π¥‘ µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘ ®“°µÕ

rangeland ∑ßàÿ À≠â“ ratoon crop æ™◊ ∑‡Ë’ °¥‘ ®“°ÀπÕà ¢Õßµπâ ·¡à Õ“®

ranger ‡®“â Àπâ“∑’Ë√—°…“ªÉ“, ªÉ“‰¡·â ¢«ß ¡’¡“°°«“à 1 √àπÿ

Rangoon creeper ‡≈∫Á ¡Õ◊ π“ß (‰¡¥â Õ°„π °≈ÿ rattan À«“¬ (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Flagellaria indica,

Quisqualis indica, L.) L. var. minor, Hook. f.)

rank ·∂«µ“¡·π«¥ß‘Ë rattan palm À«“¬ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Calamus

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

239

spp.) raze ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¡Õ◊ À¡“¬‰¡*â A
B
ratta tempa °√– —ß [«—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ react 1. ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“∑“߇§¡’ 2. ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“ C
D
Peperomia pellucida, (L.) H.B.K.] (∑“ß°≈»“ µ√å)µÕ∫‚µ∑â —π§«—π E
F
rattle pod ÀË‘ßÀ“¬ («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ reactant µ—«∑”ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“ G
H
Crotalaria spectabilis, Roth.) reaction, soil ªØ°‘ √‘ ¬‘ “ (∑‡Ë’ °¥‘ ¢π÷È „π) ¥π‘ , §«“¡ I
J
raoul grass À≠â“·¥ß (¥Ÿ corn grass) ¡“°πÕâ ¬„π°“√‡°¥‘ °√¥À√◊Õ¥“à ß„π¥‘π «¥— K
L
ray 1. °≈∫’ ¥Õ°∑Ë¡’ ¢’ È«— Õ¬àŸ„π∑’ËÊ ‡¥¬’ «°—π·≈– §à“ÕÕ°¡“‡ªπì pH M
N
∫“π‡ªìπ·©°Ê, ¥Õ°¬àÕ¬∑Ë’‡°‘¥Õ¬àŸ√Õ∫Ê reaction wood ‡πÕÈ◊ ‰¡âΩπó ·√ß* O
P
™Õà ¥Õ°·∫∫ head ¢Õßæ™◊ µ√–°≈Ÿ ¥“«‡√Õ◊ ß reactivity §«“¡ “¡“√∂„π°“√µÕ∫‚µâÕ¬à“ß Q
R
(° .) 2. ´ËÕ’ àÕπ¢Õߧ√∫’ (ª¡.) 3. √»— ¡*’ √«¥‡√«Á S
T
ray, aggregate √—»¡’√«¡* reactor ‡§√◊ËÕߪؑ°√≥å U
V
ray, fusiform √»— ¡√’ Ÿª°√– «¬* (S. lenticu- readily available moisture §«“¡™π◊È æ√Õâ ¡∑Ë’ W
X
lar ray) ®–‡ªπì ª√–‚¬™πåµàÕæ™◊ Y
Z
ray, heterogeneous √»— ¡’«‘«∏‘ æ—π∏*åÿ reafforest ª≈°Ÿ ªÉ“„À¡à, ª≈Ÿ°ª“É ´È”

ray, homogeneous √»— ¡’‡Õ°æπ— ∏ÿ*å reafforestation °“√ª≈°Ÿ ªÉ“´”È

ray, lenticular √»— ¡√’ Ÿª°√– «¬* reamer Õÿª°√≥å∑Ë’„™â‡®“–¢¬“¬√Ÿ„À₵¢È÷π∑—Èß

ray, medullary √»— ¡ª’ ∞¡¿Ÿ¡*‘ (S. pith ray, ·∫∫√°Ÿ ≈¡µ√ß·≈–√‡Ÿ Õ¬’ ß

primary ray) reaper ‡§√◊ËÕ߇°¬’Ë ««“ß√“¬

ray, multiseriate √—»¡’À≈“¬·∂«* rear 1. ‡≈’Ȭߥ®Ÿ π‚µ 2.  «à π∑⓬¢Õß —µ«å

ray, phloem √»— ¡∑’ Õà Õ“À“√* rebate ∫ß— „∫* (S. rabbet)

ray, secondary √»— ¡’∑µÿ ¬‘ ¿Ÿ¡*‘ recent alluvium µ–°Õπ„À¡πà È”æ“

ray, uniseriate √»— ¡·’ ∂«‡¥’¬«* receptacle ∞“π¥Õ°

ray, wood √—»¡‡’ πÈÕ◊ ‰¡â*(S. xylem ray) receptive ≈—°…≥–°“√∑Ë’¬Õ¥‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬

ray cell, procumbent ‡´≈≈√å »— ¡π’ Õπ* æ√Õâ ¡∑®’Ë –√∫— °“√º ¡®“°≈–ÕÕ߇° √µ«— ºŸâ

ray cell, upright ‡´≈≈å√—»¡’µßÈ— * recessive ≈°— …≥–¥Õâ ¬, ≈°— …≥–·Ωß [§◊Õ¬π’

ray check √Õ¬ª√µ‘ “¡√—»¡*’ (gene)´ß÷Ë ‡¡Õ◊Ë Õ¬Ÿà„π√ªŸ heterozygous ·≈«â

ray crossing ∫√‘‡«≥√—»¡’∑“∫µ—¥* (S. ®–‰¡à· ¥ßÕÕ°]

crossfield) recessive character ≈—°…≥–À≈∫·Ωß

ray grass À≠Ⓣ¡â°«“¥ (¥Ÿ feather grass) reciprocal cross °“√º ¡°≈—∫‰ª°≈—∫¡“

ray initial ·¡à‡´≈≈å√—»¡’* √–À«à“ß 2 æ—π∏ÿå ‚¥¬ ≈—∫°—π‡ªìπæàÕ

ray-vessel pit À≈ÿ¡ºπ—߇´≈≈√å –À«“à ß√»— ¡’°∫— ·≈–·¡à, °“√º ¡°≈—∫‡æ» (¥Ÿ cross

∑Õà ≈”‡≈¬’ ß reciprocal)

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 240

A reciprocal recurrent selection ¥Ÿ selection, recticulate ≈“¬√Ÿªµ“¢à“¬
recticulate perforation plate ·ºàπ™àÕß∑–≈ÿ
B reciprocal recurrent
ª≈“¬‡´≈≈å√ªŸ µ“¢à“¬*
C reciprocating ´ß÷Ë ‡§≈ÕË◊ π∑Ë°’ ≈∫— ‰ª°≈—∫¡“ rectification °“√ª√∫— ·°¿â “æ
rectum ≈”‰ µâ √ß, ≈”‰ â„À≠ à «à π∑µË’ ¥‘ °∫— ∑«“√
D reciprocating pump ª¡öí ™π¥‘ ≈°Ÿ  Ÿ∫‡§≈◊ËÕπ∑Ë’
E Àπ°—
F °≈∫— ‰ª-¡“ ¥π— ¢Õ߇À≈«„Àâ‰À≈°≈∫— ‰ª recurrent parent µ«— √—∫ (§◊ÕæàÕÀ√Õ◊ ·¡à∑’Ë®–

G reciprocating saw ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬™°— * π”‡Õ“√àÿπ≈Ÿ°‰ªº ¡°≈∫— )
H recirculating kiln ‡µ“Õ∫·∫∫Õ“°“» recurrent selection °“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°·∫∫«ß®√
I À¡ÿπ‡«’¬π´È”*
(°“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°∑Ë’¡’°“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß·≈–º ¡
J reclamation °“√ª√—∫ª√ßÿ ·°â‰¢¥‘π æ◊™∑§Ë’ ¥— ‰¥·â ∫∫æ∫°π— À¡¥ ·≈–°√–∑”´”È
‡ªìπ«ß®√‰ª‡√◊ÕË ¬Ê)
K reclinate ‚§âßÕÕ°®“°‡ πâ µÈß— ©“° recurved ‚§âß≈ßÀ√◊Õ‚§ßâ °≈∫—
red cedar °√–¥ß— ß“¥ß, ª√–¥Ÿà≈¡ (µπâ ‰¡â„π
L recognized ¬Õ¡√—∫  °ÿ≈ Bischofia javanica, Blume)
red clay µ¡∑–‡≈ ·’ ¥ß
M recombination °“√®—¥°≈àÿ¡¢Õ߬’π (gene) red cotton tree ß«‘È (µπâ ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Bombax
malabaricum, DC. ·≈– Samalia
N ‡ªπì °“√®¥— ≈°— …≥–∑“ßæπ— ∏°ÿ √√¡„À¡à À≈ß— malabarica, Schoot & Endl.)
O red ginger ¢‘ß·¥ß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Zingiber
P ®“°°“√º ¡√–À«à“ßæàÕ·¡à∑’Ëæ◊Èπ∞“π∑“ß officinale, Rosc.)
Q æπ— ∏°ÿ √√¡µà“ß°—π red head ‡∑¬’ π·¥ß (¥Ÿ blood flower-milk-
weed)
R reconditioner ‡§√Ë◊Õߪ√—∫§«“¡™◊Èπ* (S. red heart ‚√§·°πà ·¥ß, √Õ¬·¥ß„π·°πà *
S humidifier) red jade vine æ«ß‚°‡¡π (‰¡â¥Õ°„π °ÿ≈
Mucuna bennettii)
T reconditioning °“√ª√—∫§«“¡™π◊È „À¡*à red mud ‚§≈π∑–‡≈ ’·¥ß

U reconnaissance 1. °“√ ”√«®‡∫ÕÈ◊ ßµâπ(«π.)

V 2. °“√· ¥ßÕ“≥“‡¢µ√–À«à“ß™π‘¥¢Õß

W ¥‘π·≈– à«πµà“ßÊ ¢Õߥ‘π∑Ë’‰¥â®“°°“√

X  —߇°µ‡ªìπ·ºπ∑Ë’§àÕπ¢â“ßÀ¬“∫ À√◊Õ°Ë÷ß
Y À¬“∫°÷ßË ≈–‡Õ¬’ ¥
Z reconnaissance, report √“¬ß“π°“√ ”√«®

‡∫ÈÕ◊ ßµπâ («π.)

reconnaissance survey °“√ ”√«®¥‘π·∫∫

À¬“∫

reconstitution °“√§◊π√Ÿª, °“√§◊π ¿“æ

recovery  à«π∑’ˉ¥*â red rice ¢“â «·¥ß («™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ√Õâ π„π °≈ÿ Oryza

recruitment ‰¡â‡≈Õ◊Ë π™Èπ— («π.) sativa, L.)

rectangular system √–∫∫°“√ª≈Ÿ°‰¡âº≈ red rot °“√ºÿ ’·¥ß* (¥Ÿ dark red rot)

·∫∫ Ë’‡À≈’ˬ¡º◊πºâ“‚¥¬ª≈Ÿ°‰¡âª√–∏“π‰«â red sandal wood ®—π∑πå (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈

µ√ß¡ÿ¡ ‡’Ë À≈ˬ’ ¡º◊πº“â Pterocarpus santalinus)

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√

241

red spider ·¡ß¡ÿ¡·¥ß reflocculate °“√√«¡µ«— ¢ÕßÕπ¿ÿ “§¥π‘ „À⇪ìπ A
B
red sprangle top À≠Ⓣ¡°â «“¥ (¥Ÿ feather °Õâ π (A. deflocculate) C
grass) reforest ª≈Ÿ°‡ªπì ªÉ“„À¡à D
refractometer ¡“µ√¥™— π’À°— ‡À, ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¡Õ◊ «¥— E
red stain √Õ¬¥“à ß ·’ ¥ß* F
red start π°‡¢π §“à ¢Õß·¢ßÁ ∑≈Ë’ –≈“¬‰¥∑â ßÈ— À¡¥„π “√≈–≈“¬ G
red tassel flower ÀªŸ ≈“™àÕπ (¥Ÿ consump- refractory ¥ÕÈ◊ ß“π* (‡™πà Õ∫¬“°, ‰ ¬“° œ≈œ) H
refractory wood ‰¡¥â Õ◊È ß“π* I
tion) refusal point ®ÿ¥Õ‘Ë¡* J
red top 1. ¬Õ¥·¥ß 2. ‡∑¬’ π·¥ß (¥Ÿ blood refuse ‡»…‰¡â∑‘Èß*, ‰¡§â ÿ≥¿“æµ”Ë * (S. dun- K
L
flower-milkweed) nage) M
reduction, soil °“√≈¥ÕÕ°´‘‡®π„π¥‘π, refuse burner ‡µ“‡º“‡»…‰¡*â N
regenerate, to ßÕ°·∑π∑Ë,’  ◊∫µàÕæ—π∏ÿå O
ªØ‘°‘√‘¬“‡ª≈Ë’¬π·ª≈ß∑“߇§¡’‡°’ˬ«°—∫ regenerated cellulose ‡´≈≈‚Ÿ ≈ §◊π√Ÿª* P
°“√≈¥‡«‡≈π´Ë’≈∫·≈–‡æË‘¡‡«‡≈π´’Ë∫«° regeneration, artificial °“√ ◊∫µàÕæπ— ∏·åÿ ∫∫ Q
¢Õߥπ‘ R
reduction division °“√·∫à߇´≈≈å‡æË◊Õ≈¥ ª≈°Ÿ S
®”π«π‚§√‚¡‚´¡ (°“√·∫à߇´≈≈å„π√–¬– regeneration, natural °“√ ◊∫µàÕæ—π∏åÿµ“¡ T
meiosis I ‡æË◊Õ≈¥®”π«π‚§√‚¡‚´¡≈ß U
§√÷ßË Àπ÷Ëß) ∏√√¡™“µ‘ V
reduplicate ¢Õ∫æ—∫ÕÕ°* regeneration area æÈπ◊ ∑’Ë ◊∫µÕà æπ— ∏åÿ W
red wood ¡–°≈”Ë µπâ (µπâ ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ Adenan- regeneration felling °“√µ¥—  ◊∫µÕà æ—π∏åÿ X
thera microsperma, Teysm. & regeneration interval ™«à ß°“√ ◊∫µÕà æπ— ∏åÿ Y
Hbinn.) regeneration period √–¬– ∫◊ µàÕæπ— ∏åÿ Z
red zebra wood √—°„À≠à (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ registered seed ¥Ÿ seed, registered
Melanorrhoea usitata, Wall.) regolith ‡ª≈Õ◊ °‚≈°∑ª’Ë √–°Õ∫¥«â ¬¥‘π·≈–À‘π
reed mace ∏ŸªƒÂ…’, °°™“â ß (¥Ÿ narrowleaf
cattail) ∑Ë’ºæÿ ß—
reel 1. À≈Õ¥ 2. °«â“π 3. Õÿª°√≥å∑µ’Ë ‘¥Õ¬Ÿà regression °“√∂¥∂Õ¬*, √–¥∫— §«“¡ ¡— æ—π∏å
ÀπⓇ§√◊ËÕ߇°Á∫‡°Ë’¬«∏—≠æ◊™ ™à«¬‚πâ¡·≈–
¥÷ßµâπ„Àâ≈⡇æË◊Õµ—¥‰¥âßà“¬¢÷Èπ 4. ´’Ëøíπ √–À«“à ßµ—«·ª√ 2 µ—« ‡¡Õ◊Ë µ«— Àπ÷Ëߺ—π·ª√
·≈–‡æ≈“¢Õߧ√“¥∑’ËÀ¡ÿπ·≈–°«“¥°Õß ‰ªµ“¡§«“¡ºπ— ·ª√¢ÕßÕ°’ µ—«ÀπËß÷
regression co-efficient  —¡ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï°“√
∂¥∂Õ¬*
regression equation  ¡°“√°“√∂¥∂Õ¬*

ø“ßÀ√◊ÕÀ≠“â regression equation, linear  ¡°“√°“√

refill, to ª≈Ÿ°´Õà ¡ ∂¥∂Õ¬‡™‘߇ âπ*

reflexed ßÕÀ√Õ◊ æ∫— °≈—∫ regression equation, multiple  ¡°“√°“√

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 242

A ∂¥∂Õ¬æÀÿ§Ÿ≥* «¥— ‡ªπì ‡ªÕ√‡å ´πÁ µå‰ÕπÈ”∑Õ’Ë ¡Ë‘ µ«— ≥ Õ≥ÿ À¿¡Ÿ ‘
·≈–§«“¡¥—π‡©æ“–
B regrowth °“√ ◊∫µÕà æ—π∏∏åÿ √√¡™“µ‘ relaxation, stress °“√ºÕà π§≈“¬§«“¡‡§πâ *
relaxin ŒÕ√å‚¡π™π‘¥ÀπË÷ߢ—∫ÕÕ°®“°√°„π
C regular flower ¥Õ°‰¡´â ÷Ëß¡≈’ °— …≥–¢Õߥհ ¡¥≈°Ÿ ·≈–√ß— ‰¢à ∑”Àπ“â ∑’Ë™«à ¬„π°“√¢¬“¬
D µ—«¢Õß°√–¥Ÿ°‡™‘ß°√“π„π√–¬–§≈Õ¥≈Ÿ°
E ‡¡◊ËÕ¡Õß®“°¥“â π∫π®–‡ªπì √Ÿª«ß°≈¡ ‡¡ÕË◊ ·≈–√–¬–§≈Õ¥≈°Ÿ
relict æ◊™‡À≈Õ◊ √Õ¥ (π«.)
F ·∫ßà §√ßË÷ ¥Õ°„Àºâ “à π‡ πâ º“à »πŸ ¬°å ≈“ß  «à π relief 1. °“√≈¥√–¥∫— §«“¡µß÷ §«“¡‡§√¬’ ¥ À√Õ◊
G ∑ßÈ—  Õߢâ“ß®–‡∑“à °—πÀ√Õ◊ ‡À¡Õ◊ π°π— §«“¡ §«“¡¥π— 2. §«“¡µ“à ß√–¥—∫ 3. √–¥∫—  ßŸ
µË”¢ÕßÀπâ“¥‘π (soil surface), ¥Ÿ topog-
H ‡À¡Õ◊ πÕπ— π’ȇ√’¬°«“à radial symmetry raphy
relief accuracy §«“¡≈–‡Õ’¬¥∑“ߧ«“¡ Ÿßµ”Ë
I regular shelterwood system √–∫∫µ¥— ‰«√â ¡à relief displacement §«“¡º‘¥æ≈“¥‡πË◊Õß®“°
§«“¡ ŸßµË”¢Õß¿¡Ÿ ‘ª√–‡∑»
J Õ¬“à ß ¡”Ë ‡ ¡Õ relief treatment of stress «‘∏’°“√≈¥
§«“¡‡§πâ *
K regulate ª√—∫, §«∫§ÿ¡, ´Ë÷ߪ√—∫‰¥â, ´Ë÷ß relogging °“√∑”‰¡≈â “â ߪɓ*
L remote sensing °“√ ”√«®√–¬–‰°≈
M §«∫§ÿ¡‰¥â rendzina soil ¥‘π¥” (¥‘π∑’Ë¡’™πÈ— ¢Õߥ‘π‡°Õ◊ ∫
®–‡®√‘≠Õ¬à“ß ¡∫Ÿ√≥å·≈â« µ“¡ª√°µ‘¥‘π
N regulate reservoir Õ“à ߇°Á∫π”È ∑ºË’ ⟄™ â “¡“√∂ ∫π√«à π ¡ ’ π’ È”µ“≈À√◊Õ ¥’ ” ¢â“ß≈à“ß¡«’ µ— ∂ÿ
O §«∫§¡ÿ °“√®à“¬πÈ”‰¥µâ “¡§«“¡µÕâ ß°“√ ∑’ˇªìπªŸπ ’‡∑“ÕàÕπÀ√◊Õ ’‡À≈◊Õß ‡°‘¥¢È÷π

P regulation, area æÈ◊π∑’§Ë «∫§ÿ¡º≈º≈‘µ

Q regulation, forest √–‡∫¬’ ∫§«∫§¡ÿ º≈º≈µ‘ „π

R ª“É , °Æ¢Õâ ∫—ߧ—∫√“™°“√ª“É ‰¡â

S regulation, volume °“√§«∫§¡ÿ µ“¡ª√¡‘ “µ√
T
U regulative density §«“¡·ππà  ¡— æ∑— ∏å

V regulators  “√ª√–°Õ∫Õ‘π∑√’¬å∑’ËπÕ°‡Àπ◊Õ
W ®“°Õ“À“√æ◊™ ∂“â ¡Õ’ ¬®àŸ ”π«ππâÕ¬Ê ®–‡√àß

X ¬—∫¬È—ß À√◊Õæ—≤π“°√–∫«π°“√∑“ß √’√–

Y „πæ™◊

Z regurgitate ¢¬âÕπÀ√◊Õ ”√Õ°Õ“À“√ÕÕ°¡“

‡§È¬’ «„À¡à „π∑’ËÊ ¡’æ◊™æ«°À≠â“¢÷Èπ æ∫„π·∂∫™àÿ¡

regurgitation °“√ ”√Õ°Õ“À“√ÕÕ°¡“‡§’Ȭ« ™πÈ◊ À√◊Õ·Àâß·≈âß

„À¡à reniform √ªŸ §≈⓬‰µ

reject ‰¡â§—¥ÕÕ° («π.) rennet ‡Õπ‰´¡å∑Ë’‰¥â®“°®ÿ≈‘π∑√’¬å∑”„À₪√µ’π

rejuvenate ∑”„À°â √–™ÿ¡à °√–™«¬ π¡®—∫‡ªìπ°âÕπ·≈–µ°µ–°Õπ „™â„π°“√

rejuvenation °“√§◊πæ≈—ß* (°“√§◊πæ≈—ß°“√ ∑”‡π¬·¢ßÁ

°¥— ‡´“–¢Èπ÷ „À¡¢à Õß≈”πÈ”) rennin ‡Õπ‰´¡∑å Ë’‰¥®â “°°√–‡æ“–∑ Ë’ ¢’Ë Õß≈°Ÿ ««—

relative humidity §«“¡™π◊È  ¡— æ∑— ∏å, ª√¡‘ “≥ ∑”„À‚â ª√µπ’ π¡®∫— ‡ªπì °Õâ π·≈–µ°µ–°Õπ

‰Õπ”È ∑’Ë¡’Õ¬Ÿà 1 Àπ૬ª√‘¡“µ√¢ÕßÕ“°“» „™â„π°“√∑”‡π¬·¢ßÁ

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

243

renovated pasture ∑àÿßÀ≠â“∑’Ë√È◊Õøóôπ„À⥒¢÷Èπ reserve settlement °“√°”Àπ¥‡¢µª“É  ß«π A
B
‚¥¬°“√‰∂æ√«π„ ªà ¬ÿÜ À«“à π‡¡≈¥Á À≠“â „À¡à reservoir 1. ∑Ë’‡°Á∫«— ¥ÿ‡©æ“–Õ¬à“ß ‡™àπ ∑Ë’ C
D
repair ª≈Ÿ°´àÕ¡ ‡°Á∫πÈ”À√◊Õπ”È ¡—πª√‘¡“≥¡“°Ê ∂—߇°Á∫ E
F
repand ¡’¢Õ∫‡ªπì §≈πË◊ ‡≈°Á πâÕ¬ πÈ”¡π— 2. Õ“à ßπ”È , ·ÕàßπÈ”, ∑–‡≈ “ª G
H
repellents  “√‰≈à ‡¡ÕË◊  µ— «å‰¥°â ≈‘Ëπ®–º≈–Àπ’ residual acidity  ¿“æ°√¥µ°§â“ß I
J
repent ≈”µâπ‡≈◊ÕÈ ¬√“∫‰ª°—∫¥‘π residual effect º≈µ°§“â ß K
L
replication ´È”*, °“√∑”°“√∑¥≈ÕßÕ¬à“ß residual fertilizer ªÿ¬Ü ∑‡’Ë À≈◊Õµ°§“â ß„π¥π‘ „Àâ M
N
‡¥’¬«°—π´È”À≈“¬Ê §√ß—È æ◊™∑Ë’®–ª≈Ÿ°µÕà ‰ª„™âª√–‚¬™π剥â O
P
replum ºπ—ß°—Èπ√–À«à“ß™àÕß«à“ß¿“¬„π√—߉¢à residual gases °“´®“°°“√ —𥓪∑ˇ’ À≈Õ◊ Õ¬àŸ Q
R
(locule) 2 Õ—π „πº≈¢Õßæ◊™æ«°º°— °“¥ „π°√–∫Õ° Ÿ∫ S
T
(cruciferous) residual material «—µ∂ÿµ°§“â ß, ¥‘π∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“° U
V
repressive effect º≈°√–∑∫ (‡π◊ÕË ß®“° À𑠙𑥇¥’¬«°π— ´ßË÷ լట ∫— ∑’Ë (S. sedimen- W
X
Õ∑‘ ∏‘æ≈¢Õ߇°≈Õ◊ ) ´Ëß÷ Õ“®∑”„Àâ pH ¢Õß tary material) Y
Z
¥π‘ ‰¡ à Ÿß‡°‘π‰ª residual shrinkage °“√À¥µ«— µ°§â“ß (ª∞.)

reproduction °“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå residual spray  “√°”®¥— ·¡≈ß∑µ’Ë °§“â ßÕ¬∫Ÿà π

reproduction, asexual °“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå‚¥¬‰¡à º‘«æ◊™ ·≈–¬—ß¡’º≈‡ªìπÕ—πµ√“¬µàÕ·¡≈ß

Õ“»¬— ‡æ» ∑’ËÕ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà∫π à«ππÈ—π¢Õßæ◊™ À√◊Õ·¡≈ß

reproduction, sexual °“√ ◊∫æ—π∏åÿ·∫∫¡’‡æ» ∑Ë¥’ ¥Ÿ °‘π “√πÈπ— ‡¢“â ‰ª

‡ªìπ°“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå‚¥¬Õ“»—¬°“√º ¡ residual strain °“√լൟ —«∂“«√* (S. perma-

√–À«“à ߇™ÈÕ◊ ‡æ»º·âŸ ≈–‰¢à nent set)

reproduction, vegetative °“√ ∫◊ æπ— ∏‚åÿ ¥¬‰¡à residual value §“à µ°§“â ß (¢Õߪܬÿ À√Õ◊ ªŸπ)

Õ“»—¬‡¡≈¥Á ∑’ˇÀ≈◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà„π¥‘π®“°°“√„ à‡¡Ë◊Õƒ¥Ÿª≈Ÿ°

repulsion phase ‚§√‚¡‚´¡∑Ë’¡’°“√‡°’ˬ«‚¬ß æ◊™§√“«∑’·Ë ≈«â

¢Õ߬’π√–À«à“߬’π∑’˧«∫§ÿ¡≈—°…≥–‡¥àπ residue 1. ªÜÿ¬∑‡Ë’ À≈Õ◊ ‰¡∂à °Ÿ „™Àâ ≈ß— ®“°∑Ë’„ ≈à ß

(dominant gene) ™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß°—∫¬’π∑’Ë ‰ª„π¥‘π 2. ‡»…‰¡‡â À≈◊Õ*

§«∫§¡ÿ ≈°— …≥–¥Õâ ¬ (recessive gene) Õ°’ residuum «—µ∂ÿµ°§â“ß, (¥Ÿ residual material)

™π¥‘ Àπ÷Ëß resilience °“√§◊πµ—«*

resaw ‡≈◊ÕË ¬´Õ¬* (S. slab saw) resin ¬“ß π, ¬“߉¡â∑’ˉ¡à≈–≈“¬π”È

reserve ªÉ“ ß«π, µπâ ‰¡â ß«π resin, natural ¬“ßπ”È ¡—π‰¡â (S. pitch)

reserved forest ªÉ“ ß«π resin, synthetic ‡√´π‘  ß— ‡§√“–Àå*

reserved tree µπâ ‰¡â ß«π resin, thermoplastic ‡√´‘π™π‘¥ÕàÕπµ—«‡¡◊ËÕ

√Õâ π*

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 244

A resin, thermosetting ‡√´‘π™π‘¥·¢Áßµ—«‡¡Ë◊Õ respire À“¬„®
response ªØ‘°“√, º≈µÕ∫ πÕß
B √Õâ π* restock  ◊∫æπ— ∏ÿå
restraining °“√∫ß— §∫—  —µ«,å °“√ªØ‘∫—µ‘°—∫ —µ«å
C resin adhesive °“«‡√´‘π*
D ‡æË◊Õ„ÀÕâ ¬Ÿπà ‘ËßÀ√◊Õ§«∫§ÿ¡‰¥â
E resin canal ∑Õà ¬“ßπ”È ¡π— ‰¡*â (S. resin duct) resupinate °≈∫— ‡Õ“À«— ≈ߢâ“ß≈“à ß, ∫¥‘ ‡ªπì ¡ÿ¡

F resin channel Àπ“â ‡®“–¬“ß·∫∫À≈¡ÿ *, Àπ“â 180 Ì ‡™πà √ß— ‰¢¥à Õ°°≈«â ¬‰¡â
G ‡®“–¬“ß·∫∫√Õà ß* retained moisture §«“¡™π◊È ¥Ÿ¥¬¥÷
retard ∂à«ß, Àπà«ß, ∑”„À♓â ≈ß
H resin duct ∑Õà ¬“ßπÈ”¡π— ‰¡â* retardant  “√‡§¡’∑Ë’™à«¬¬—∫¬È—ß°“√√à«ß¢Õß„∫

I resin gall °√–‡ª“–¬“ßπÈ”¡π— ‰¡â* ¥Õ° ·≈–º≈ ‡™πà NAA; 2, 4-D; 2, 4,
5-T
J resin glue °“«‡√´π‘ * retention °“√§ß‰«â
retention, final ª√¡‘ “≥§ßÕ¬à*Ÿ (S. reten-
K resin plate ·ºπà ¬“ßπÈ”¡—π‰¡*â tion, net)
L retention of preservative ª√¡‘ “≥πÈ”¬“„π‰¡*â
M resin pocket °√–‡ª“–¬“ßπ”È ¡π— ‰¡*â (S. pitch retention zone ¥π‘  à«π∑’Ë – ¡ªÜÿ¬
reticulate 1. √“à ß·À 2. ‰¢«°â π— Õ¬“à ß√à“ß·À
N pocket) reticulum 1. √“à ß·À‡≈Á°Ê 2. °√–‡æ“– «à π∑’Ë
O resin seam ·π«¬“ßπÈ”¡—π‰¡â* (S. pitch  ÕߢÕß —µ«å‡§È’¬«‡Õ◊ÈÕß ¡’≈—°…≥–§≈⓬
√ß— ºß÷È
P seam) retort À¡âÕπË÷ß¶à“‡™Õ◊È ¿“¬„µ§â «“¡¥—π‰ÕπÈ”
retrose ‚§âß≈ߢâ“ß≈“à ß
Q resin streak ≈“¬¬“ßπ”È ¡—π‰¡â* (S. pitch

R streak)

S resin tapping °“√‡®“–¬“ßπÈ”¡π— ‰¡*â
T
U resin tube ·∑ßà ¬“ßπÈ”¡π— ‰¡*â

V resinosis °“√‡°‘¥¬“ß, °“√µ°¬“ßπ”È ¡—π‰¡*â
W resinous ¡’¬“ß

X resistance, horizontal §«“¡µâ“π∑“π‰¡à

Y ®”‡æ“–, °“√∑Ë’æ◊™µâ“π∑“πµàÕ‚√§∑ÿ°‡™È◊Õ

Z ·µà‰¡à√âÕ¬‡ªÕ√凴Áπµå æ◊™®–‡ªìπ‚√§‰¥â

∫“â ß·µà‰¡à√πÿ ·√ß (æ∏.) return line  “¬¥÷ß°≈∫— *

resistance to shear °“√µâ“π·√߇©Õ◊ π* retuse ª≈“¬„∫∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–¡π ·µà‡«â“µ√ß

resistant µâ“π∑“π (µàÕ‚√§ ·¡≈ß À√◊Õ “√ ª≈“¬π¥‘ Àπß÷Ë

∫“ßÕ¬“à ß) reversal of stress °“√ºπ— °≈∫— ¢Õߧ«“¡‡§πâ *

resistant, drought ∑π∑“πµÕà §«“¡·Àßâ ·≈ßâ reverse case-hardening °“√·¢ÁßπÕ°°≈—∫

resistant variety æ—π∏ÿå∑¡Ë’ ’§«“¡µ“â π∑“π ∑“ß* (S. case tension)

resonance °“√ π—Ë æâÕß* reversed matching °“√‡√’¬ßÀπâ“·∫∫µàÕ

respiration °“√À“¬„® ª≈“¬ ≈∫— *

respiratory root √“°À“¬„® reverse osmosis °√–∫«π°“√·¬°π”È ®“°

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

245

 “√≈–≈“¬‚¥¬Õ“»—¬‡¬◊ËÕ∫“ß·≈–§«“¡ rhizosphere ∫√‘‡«≥√Õ∫√“°æ◊™, Õ“≥“‡¢µ A
B
¥— π ∑’Ë  Ÿ ß ° «à “ § « “ ¡ Õ Õ   ‚ ¡ µ‘ § ¢ Õ ß Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈√“°æ◊™ C
D
 “√≈–≈“¬π—Èπ rhombate ¡’√ªŸ §≈“â ¬ ‡Ë’ À≈Ë’¬¡¢π¡‡ª¬ï °ªŸπ E
F
reversion ≈°— …≥–¬Õâ π°≈∫— (æ∏.) rhomboid ¥Ÿ rhombate G
H
revolute ¡â«π≈à“ß, „∫∑Ë’¡’¢Õ∫„∫¡â«π≈ߥâ“π rhytidome ‡ª≈◊Õ°πÕ° I
J
≈“à ß∑—Èß 2 ¢“â ß rib ‡ πâ „∫À≈—° ¡’¢π“¥„À≠à°«à“‡ âπ„∫¬àÕ¬ K
L
revolution √Õ∫°“√À¡ÿπ («».) ribbing º«‘ ‡ªìπ≈Õπ* (S. washboarding) M
N
revolution counter Õÿª°√≥å∑Ë’µ‘¥°—∫ à«π ribbon figure ≈“¬·∂∫* (S. ribbon grain) O
P
À¡ÿπ¢Õ߇§√Ë◊Õß®—°√°≈·≈â« “¡“√∂π—∫ rice ¢â“« (æ™◊ „π °ÿ≈ Oryza sativa, L.) Q
R
√Õ∫°“√À¡πÿ ™πÈ‘  à«ππ—Èπ‰¥â («».) rice, floating ¢“â «¢÷ÈππÈ” S
T
revolution mark √Õ¬§√∫√Õ∫* (§¡¡¥’ , øπí rice, low land ¢“â «π“ «π U
V
‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬) rice, par-boiled ¢“â «πËß÷ W
X
rhenania phosphate ªÿ¬Ü ∑Ë’‰¥â®“°°“√‡º“À‘π rice, upland ¢â“«‰√à Y
Z
øÕ ‡øµ‡æ◊ËÕ„ÀâøÕ ‡øµ„πÀ‘π‡ªìπ rice bean ∂«—Ë º,’ ∂«—Ë ·¥ß (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Phaseolus

ª√–‚¬™πåµàÕæ™◊ ¡“°¢÷Èπ calcaratus, Roxb.)

rhexigenous ´Ë÷ß¡’™àÕß«à“ß√–À«à“߇´≈≈å ‡°‘¥ rice farmer ™“«π“

®“°°“√©°’ ¢Õ߇´≈≈å rice field π“ (¢â“«)

rhinitis ‚√§‚æ√ß®¡°Ÿ Õ°— ‡ ∫, ‡¬ËÕ◊ ∫‚ÿ æ√ß®¡Ÿ° rice grower ™“«π“

Õ—°‡ ∫ rice hull ·°≈∫

rhinoceros, Javan ·√¥ (æπ— ∏ÿ噫“)  —µ«å„π rich §√“¥™π¥‘ Àπ÷Ëß

 °≈ÿ Rhinoceros sondaicus rick (∑—∫»—æ∑å),¢π“¥°Õßøóπ*, °Õß∑’Ë¡’

rhinoceros, Sumatran °√–´Ÿà ( µ— «å„π °≈ÿ ≈°— …≥–·§∫¬“« µ√ß∞“π‡ªìπ√ªŸ  ’‡Ë À≈¬Ë’ ¡

Didermocerus sumantraensis) ºπ◊ º“â

rhizodermis ‡´≈≈庑«¢Õß√“° rick, to  – ¡¢÷Èπ‡ªπì °Õß

rhizoid ¡≈’ —°…≥–·≈–∑”Àπ“â ∑Ë’§≈⓬√“°, √“° ride ∑“ߪɓ‰¡â, ∑“ß≈“°¢π*

§≈“â ¬ rider ÀπÕà À√Õ◊ °ßË‘ ∑‡Ë’ °¥‘ ¥“â π∫π¢Õß°ß‘Ë „À≠Êà ¡°—

rhizomatous ¡’≈”µâπ„µâ¥π‘ , ¡’≈”µπâ ‡ªπì ·ßàß ‡°‘¥‰¡à‡ªπì √–‡∫’¬∫

(‡™πà ¢‘ß ¢à“) ridge 1.  —π‡¢“,  π— √àÕß 2. §—π¥‘π

rhizome ·ßàß, ‡Àßâ“, ≈”µπâ ¢Õßæ™◊ ∑‡’Ë ®√≠‘ Õ¬Ÿà ridge-buster ‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ∑’Ë¡’√Ÿª√à“߇À¡◊Õπ®“π

„µâ¥‘π ¡—°ÕÕ°√“°µ“¡µ“·µà¬Õ¥®–‚º≈à „™â∑≈“¬¥‘π∑’ˇªìπ§—π ·≈–„™â„π°“√∂¡

¢÷Èπ¡“∫π¥‘𠇙πà ¢‘ß ¢à“ ‡ªπì µπâ √àÕ߇≈Á°Ê ∑ˇ’ °‘¥®“°°“√§√“¥·≈–¬°§π—

rhizophore °ßË‘ À√Õ◊ ≈”µπâ ∑Ë’‰¡¡à ’„∫ ·µ¡à ’√“°‰¥â ridger Õÿª°√≥∑å ”√Õà ß

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 246

A riffle ‡§√ÕË◊ ß·∫ßà µ—«Õ¬à“ß (ªÜÿ¬, ¥‘π, «— ¥ÿ∑’ˇªπì rim speed §«“¡‡√«Á ª≈“¬øíπ (‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ)
rind ‡ª≈◊Õ°º≈‰¡â, °“∫‰¡â, ≈Õ°‡ª≈◊Õ°*
B Õπÿ¿“§ œ≈œ) ÕÕ°‡ªìπµ—«Õ¬à“߬àÕ¬∑’Ë¡’ rind gall ª¡‡ª≈◊Õ°*
rind-grafting ¥Ÿ bark-grafting
C ª√¡‘ “≥‡∑“à °π— ·≈–Õߧªå √–°Õ∫‡À¡Õ◊ π°π— rine ‰¡â‡∂“
D ring °“π*, §«Ë—π≈Õ°‡ª≈◊Õ°°«â“ß*
E rift crack ‰ â√â“«* ring, annual «ß√Õ∫ªï
ring, discontinuous (growth) «ß‡µ∫‘ ‚µ‰¡à
F rift-grain ∑’ˇ≈ÕË◊ ¬µ“¡√—»¡’* (S. rift-sawn)
G rift saw ‡≈◊ÕË ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ·©° √Õ∫*
ring, double «ß√Õ∫ª´ï âÕπ, «ß‡µ∫‘ ‚µ´Õâ π*
H rift-sawn ∑ˇ’ ≈Õ◊Ë ¬µ“¡√—»¡’* ring, multiple «ß√Õ∫ªï´Õâ π, «ß‡µ∫‘ ‚µ´âÕπ*
ring, drought «ß·º≈‡ªπì * (‡æ√“–·≈âß®—¥)
I rig Õªÿ °√≥å™°— ≈“°¥«â ¬ “¬‡§‡∫‘≈* ring, false annual «ßªªï ≈Õ¡*
ring, frost «ß·º≈‡ªìπ* (‡æ√“–‡¬πÁ ®—¥)
J rig, head ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬‡ª¥î ªï°* ring, growth «ß‡µ∫‘ ‚µ*
ring, traumatic «ß·º≈‡ªπì *
K riga last (∑—∫»—æ∑)å , Àπ૬«¥— ª√¡‘ “µ√‰¡â ring-bark °“π*, §«Ë—π≈Õ°‡ª≈◊Õ°*, §«—Ëπ
L
M rigging Õÿª°√≥å™—°≈“°¥â«¬ “¬‡§‡∫‘≈* ≈Õ°‡ª≈◊Õ°°«â“ß*, °“√ ∫— √Õ∫µâπ
ring boundary, (growth) ¢Õ∫«ß* (‡µ∫‘ ‚µ)
N (S. rig) ring-budding ¥Ÿ annular budding
O rigging, butt ™¥ÿ ‚´µà ‘¥À«à ß* (ª√–°Õ∫°“√„™â ring check √Õ¬ª√‘µ“¡«ßªï*
ring-girdle °“π*, §«πË— ≈Õ°‡ª≈◊Õ°°«â“ß*
P  “¬‡§‡∫≈‘ ≈“°‰¡)â ringing °“√∑√¡“πæ◊™·∫∫Àπ÷Ëß‚¥¬∑”„À⇰‘¥

Q rigging goat ‡§√ÕË◊ ß®°— √°«“â π‰¡â* („™â°∫— ‡ “

R √–¬“ß)

S right (forest)  ∑‘ ∏√‘ à«¡„™â (ª“É )
T
U right commutation of forest °“√™¥‡™¬

V  ∑‘ ∏√‘ «à ¡„™â
W rigid ·¢ßÁ , ‰¡¬à ¥◊ À¬ÿàπ

X rigid drawbar ∑Õà π‡À≈°Á ∑’˵‘¥°∫— ·∑√°‡µÕ√å

Y  ”À√∫— µ¥‘ Õªÿ °√≥æå «à ßµà“ßÊ

Z rigid harrow æ√«π´µ’Ë √ß

rigidity  ¿“æ·¢ßÁ ‡°√Áß, §«“¡·¢Áß √Õ¬∑–≈‡ÿ ª≈◊Õ°®π√Õ∫°Ë‘ßÀ√◊Õ≈”µπâ

rigid tine æ√«π´·’Ë ¢ßÁ („™°â ∫— ¥π‘ ·Àßâ -·¢ßÁ ¡“°) ring rot °“√º‡ÿ ªπì «ß*

rigor æ≈¿“æ (§«“¡·¢ßÁ ·√ß) ring shake √Õ¬√â“«µ“¡«ßªï*

rigor mortis Õ“°“√·¢Á߇°√ÁߢÕß°≈â“¡‡πÈ◊Õ rip, to ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬µ“¡¬“«*

 —µ«åÀ≈ß— ®“°µ“¬·≈â«, ‡°√Áßµ«— ripeness-to-flower ¢È—π¢Õß°“√‡®√‘≠∑’Ëæ√âÕ¡

rill erosion °“√°—¥°√àÕπ·∫∫√È‘«, °“√æ—ß ®–„Àâ¥Õ° æ◊™∫“ß™π‘¥µâÕß°“√ªí®®—¬

∑≈“¬¢Õߥ‘π‡π◊ËÕß®“°∂Ÿ°™–≈â“ߥ⫬πÈ” ¿“¬πÕ°∫“ßÕ¬à“ß¡“°√–µâÿπ®÷ß®–„Àâ¥Õ°

∑”„À⇰‘¥‡ªìπ√àÕ߇≈Á°Ê ´Ë÷ßÕ“®°≈∫À√◊Õ ‡™à𠧫“¡¬“«¢Õß™à«ß· ß Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘

∂¡‰¥¥â «â ¬°“√‰∂À√Õ◊ §√“¥ ‡ªπì µâπ

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

247

ripening °“√∑”„À⇡≈Á¥À√◊Õº≈¢Õßæ™◊  ÿ° robin, magpie π°°“ß‡¢π∫â“π (π°„π °ÿ≈ A
B
ripewood ·°àπ°√–æÈ’ Copsychus saularis) C
D
ripper √∂æà«ßµ‘¥§√“¥, µ—«¢ÿ¥µ‘¥∑⓬(√∂ª√∫— rock À‘π, ·√∏à “µÿ À√Õ◊ °≈à¡ÿ ¢Õß·√∏à “µÿ E
F
º‘«∂ππ, √∂‡°≈ˬ’ À√◊Õ√∂æà«ß) rock blade „∫¡¥’ ·∫∫§√“¥* G
H
ripple figure ≈“¬√«È‘ rock-fall Àπ‘ æ—ß I
J
ripple marks ≈“¬√È«‘ rock-forming mineral ·√àª√–°Õ∫Àπ‘ * K
L
rip rap 1. Àπ‘ ∑ªË’ Ÿ≈“¥∫πΩßíò ·¡πà È”À√◊Õ∑“ßπÈ” rock garden  «πÀ‘π M
N
2. §π— ¥π‘ , ‡¢◊ËÕπ(ªÑÕß°π— πÈ”‡´“–¥π‘ ) rockiness ≈°— …≥–À‘πæÈπ◊ ∑’‚Ë º≈à O
P
rip saw ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬ºà“* rock land : rocky land æ◊Èπ¥‘πÀπ‘ ‚º≈à Q
R
rise-and-fall ª√∫—  Ÿß-µ”Ë , ª√—∫¢Èπ÷ -≈ß rock outcrop Àπ‘ ‚º≈à S
T
river levee  π— ¥π‘ √¡‘ π”È rock salt ‡°≈Õ◊ À‘π* U
V
river terrace µ–æ°— µ≈ßË‘ ‡°“à , µ–æ°— ≈à¡ÿ πÈ”, rock saw ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬‡´“–‡ª≈◊Õ° W
X
≈“πµ–æ°— ≈”πÈ” rock-slide Àπ‘ ∂≈à¡ Y
Z
rivet À¡¥ÿ ¬”È rock thrush π°°√–‡∫È◊Õß (π°„π °ÿ≈

riving knife 1. ¡¥’ º“à * 2. ·ºπà ‡À≈°Á °π— Àπ∫’ * Monticola sp.)

road, corduroy ∑“ß≈°Ÿ √–π“¥* rodent Àπ,Ÿ  —µ«∑å ¡Ë’ ø’ íπ·∑–

road, drag 1. ∑“ß™°— ≈“°* 2. ∑“ß°≈∫— * rodenticide  “√ªÕÑ ß°π— °”®—¥ÀπŸÀ√Õ◊  —µ«å∑’Ë¡’

road, fore-and-aft ∑“߉¡â∑Õ¥µ“¡¬“«* øπí ·∑–

road, haul ∑“ß™°— ≈“°, ∑“ß≈“°¢π* roe 1. ‰¢ªà ≈“ 2. °«“ßµ«— ‡¡’¬ 3. ≈“¬·∂∫ Èπ—

road, pole tram ∑“ß√“߉¡‡â  “* roe, soft ∂ÿ߉¢ªà ≈“µ«— ºâŸ

road, skid(ding) 1. ∑“ß™°— ≈“°√«¡À¡Õπ* roebuck °«“ßµ«— ºŸâ

2. ∑“ß∑Õ¥‚°≈π* roe figure ≈“¬‰¢àª≈“*

road, skipper ∑“ß∑Õ¥‚°≈π*, ∑“ß∑Õ¥ roe grain ≈“¬‰¢àª≈“*

‚°≈𧥰√‘™* rogue, to °”®¥—

road, strip ∑“ß≈”≈Õß*, ∑“ߪŸ≈“¥µ“¡·π« roguing °“√°”®—¥æ◊™∑Ë’‡ªìπ‚√§À√◊Õ¡’≈°— …≥–

≈Õâ * ∑Ë’ ‰¡àµâÕß°“√ÕÕ°®“°·ª≈ߪ≈Ÿ° ‚¥¬

road, tote ∑“ß àß ¡— ¿“√–* ‡©æ“–æ◊™∑’ˉ¥â®“° inter-breeding

road, travois ∑“ß™—°≈“°, ∑“ß∑Õ¥‚°≈π* roller, black-billed π°µ–¢“∫∑ßàÿ (π°„π °≈ÿ

road breaker ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¡◊Õ°«“¥À¡‘ –* Coracias bengalensis)

roading °“√¬“â ¬À¡Õπ‰¡*â (‚¥¬√∂·∑√°‡µÕ√)å roller, leaf ÀπÕπ¡â«π„∫

roaster ‰°à(‡π◊ÈÕ)¬à“ß, ‰°à°√–∑ßÕ“¬ÿ¡“°°«à“ roll(er) feed ‡§√ËÕ◊ ߪÕÑ π‰¡â·∫∫≈Ÿ°°≈‘ßÈ *

ª√°µ ‘ ”À√∫— ∑”‡ªπì ‰°à¬à“ß roller pressure bar §“π°¥·∫∫≈°Ÿ °≈‘ßÈ *

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 248

A roll(er)s, gravity ≈Ÿ°°≈È‘ß∑“ß≈“¥* rootlet √“°¬Õà ¬
root permeability §«“¡æ√âÕ¡¢Õß√“°∑Ë’®–
B roll(er)s, live ≈Ÿ°°≈Èß‘ °”≈—ß*
„Àâπ”È ´¡÷ ºà“π
C roll(er)s, press ≈°Ÿ °≈È‘ß°¥* root pressure §«“¡¥π— „π√“°
D root rot ‚√§√“°‡π“à , °“√º∑ÿ ’Ë√“°*
E rolling (topography) ( ¿“ææπ◊È ∑Ë)’ ≈Ÿ°§≈πË◊ root shoot ÀπàÕ∑ˇ’ °¥‘ ®“°√“°
rootstock µπâ µÕÀ√Õ◊  «à π¢Õßæ™◊ ∑¡’Ë √’ “°µ¥‘ Õ¬Ÿà
F ≈Õπ™—π
G rolling load(ing) π”È Àπ—°°≈ßÈ‘ * „™â„π°“√¢¬“¬æπ— ∏,ÿå ‡Àß“â , ≈”µπâ „µ¥â π‘ ‡™πà
¢‘ß ¢à“
H roll off ß—¥* root sucker ÀπàÕ®“°√“°
root swell(ing) ‚§πªÕÉ ß*
I rollway ≈“π≈ß´ßÿ , ∑’≈Ë ß‰¡â* (S. log deck, root tip ª≈“¬√“°
root zone ¢Õ∫‡¢µ°“√·º°à √–®“¬¢Õß√“°
J log dump) rope ≈“¬‡°≈’¬«*
ropeway °“√™—°≈“°¥â«¬ “¬‡§‡∫‘≈* (S.
K roof garden  «π¥“¥ø“Ñ cable way)
L roque °”®¥— ¢â“«ªπ
M rooster ‰°à¢π“¥µÕπ, ‰°æà àÕ‡≈â“ rose °Àÿ ≈“∫ (‰¡¥â Õ°„π °≈ÿ Rosa chinensis,
Jacq.)
N root √“°,  à«π¢Õßæ◊™∑Ë’¡—°Õ¬àŸ„µâ¥‘π´÷Ëß¡’µ“ rose, damask °Àÿ ≈“∫¡Õ≠ (‰¡¥â Õ°„π °≈ÿ
O À√◊Õ¢Õâ Rosa damascema, Mill.)
rose, fairy °ÿÀ≈“∫ÀπŸ (¥Ÿ rose)
P root, butress √“°ææŸ Õπ rose apple ™¡æàŸπÈ”¥Õ°‰¡â (‰¡âº≈„π °ÿ≈

Q root, stilt √“°§È”

R root-borer ·¡≈߇®“–∑”≈“¬√“°‰¡â

S root cap À¡«°√“°, ¢π√“°, °≈ÿࡇ´≈≈å
T
U ∫√‘‡«≥ª≈“¬ ÿ¥¢Õß√“° ¡’Àπâ“∑Ë’ªÑÕß°—π

V ª≈“¬√“°
W root collar §Õ√“°

X root crop æ◊™∑Ë’ª≈Ÿ°‡æ◊ËÕ‡Õ“ à«π√“°∑Ë’¡’

Y ≈°— …≥–¢¬“¬„À≠à ‡™πà ¡π— ‡∑»

Z root distribution °“√·ºà°√–®“¬¢Õß√“°

root grafting °“√µÕà °‘ßË ‡¢“â °—∫√“° Eugenia jambos, L.)

root hair √“°ΩÕ¬ (ΩÕ¬√“°), ¢π√“°,  «à π rose bay ¬Ë’‚∂ (‰¡â¥Õ°„π °ÿ≈ Nerium

¢Õ߇´≈≈å∫√‘‡«≥ª≈“¬√“°∑’ˬ◊ËπÕÕ°¡“¥Ÿ indicum, Mill.)

§≈⓬¢π rose chestnut ∫πÿ 𓧠(‰¡¥â Õ°„π °≈ÿ Mesua

rooting °“√·µ°√“°, °“√∑”„ÀâÕÕ°√“°, forrea, L.)

°“√„™â®¡Ÿ°§ÿ⬇¢Ë’¬Õ“À“√„π¥‘π¢Õß —µ«å rose mallow ™∫“ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Hibiscus

(‡™πà À¡Ÿ) rosasinensis, L.)

rooting medium µ—«°≈“ß„π°“√‡°‘¥√“° ‡™πà rose moss ·æ√‡´’ˬ߉Œâ (‰¡â¥Õ°„π °ÿ≈

∑√“¬ ¢’‡È ∂â“·°≈∫ ¥π‘ Portulaca grandiflora, Hook.)

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

249

rose of sharon ™∫“®’π (‰¡â¥Õ°„π °ÿ≈ rot, root °“√º∑ÿ ’Ë√“°* A
B
Hibiscus syriacus, L.) rot, sap °“√º∑ÿ Ë°’ √–æ*È’ C
D
rose of Venezuela ‚ ° –ªíπ (µâπ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ rot, soft °“√ºÿ¬ÿ¬à , °“√ºÿÕÕà π* E
F
Brownea grandiceps, Jacq.) rot, spongy °“√ºøÿ Õßπ”È * G
H
rosette °“√‡√’¬ß´âÕπ¢Õß„∫æÿàßÕÕ°‡ªìπ√—»¡’ rot, stringy °“√ºÿ‡ªìπ‡ âπ* I
J
®“°®ÿ¥»Ÿπ¬å°≈“ß ª√°µÕ‘ ¬Ÿµà ¥‘ °∫— ¥‘π rot, top °“√º∑ÿ ’ Ë à«π¬Õ¥* K
L
rose wood §√È’ (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Dalbergia rot, trunk °“√ºÿ∑Ë’≈”µâπ* M
N
parviflora, Roxb.) rot, wet °“√º™ÿ Èπ◊ * O
P
rosin ™π—  π* (S. colophony) rot, white °“√ºÿ ’¢“«* Q
R
rosin oil π”È ¡π— ™—π* rotary, disc ®“πÀ¡πÿ S
T
ross ≈Õ°‡ª≈◊Õ°* rotary, down cut ®Õ∫À¡πÿ (À¡πÿ µ¥— ¥π‘ ≈ß U
V
rosser §π≈Õ°‡ª≈Õ◊ °*, ‡§√Ë◊Õß≈Õ°‡ª≈◊Õ°* ≈à“ß °âÕπ¥π‘ ¡’¢π“¥„°≈⇧¬’ ߪ–ªπ°—π) W
X
rostellum ®ßÕ¬‡≈°Á Ê ¬π◊Ë ÕÕ°®“°¢Õ∫∫π¢Õß rotary, up cut ®Õ∫À¡ÿπ(¡’∑‘»∑“ß°“√À¡ÿπ Y
Z
¬Õ¥‡° √µ—«‡¡’¬¢Õߥհ°≈«â ¬‰¡â µ—¥¥‘π¢÷È𠥑π°âÕπ„À≠à·≈–‡»…«—™æ◊™®–

rostral ‡°Ë¬’ «°∫— ª“°∫π Õ¬¥àŸ “â π≈à“ß ¥‘π∑’≈Ë –‡Õ’¬¥°«“à Õ¬¥Ÿà â“π∫π)

rostrate ¡ ’ à«π¬Ë◊πÕÕ°¡“§≈⓬®ßÕ¬ rotary cultivator ‰∂À¡ÿπ

rosulate (basal) °“√®—¥‡√’¬ß¢Õß„∫∑’´Ë âÕπ°π— rotary cutting 1. °“√ªÕ°* 2. °“√‡≈Ë◊Õ¬*

¡“°Ê (‡≈Ë◊Õ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ)

rot °“√º*ÿ rotary-cut veneer ‰¡â∫“ߪհ*

rot, advance °“√ºÿ≈“¡* (S. marginal rot) rotary hoe æ√«πÀ¡ÿπ

rot, brown °“√ºÿ ’π”È µ“≈* rotary plough ®Õ∫À¡ÿπ

rot, butt °“√º∑ÿ ’Ë‚§π* rotary saw ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ*

rot, cubical °“√ºÿ ’ˇÀ≈¬Ë’ ¡* rotary-sawn (r.s.) ·ª√√ªŸ ¥«â ¬‡≈ÕË◊ ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ π*

rot, dark red °“√ºÿ ·’ ¥ß‡¢¡â * rotary tiller ®Õ∫À¡πÿ

rot, dry °“√ºÿ·Àßâ * rotate √Ÿª°ß≈âÕ*, ¡’√ªŸ §≈⓬«ß≈âÕ „™â°∫— °≈’∫

rot, heart ·°πà º*ÿ , °“√ºÿ∑·Ë’ °πà * ¥Õ°∑µ’Ë ‘¥°—𠇙àπ ¥Õ°æ¥ÿ

rot, honeycomb °“√º√ÿ ß— ºÈß÷ * rotation √Õ∫À¡πÿ ‡«’¬π

rot, marginal °“√ºÿ≈“¡* rotation, financial √Õ∫À¡πÿ ‡«¬’ π∑“ß°“√‡ßπ‘

rot, mottled °“√º¥ÿ “à ß* rotation, physical √Õ∫À¡ÿπ‡«¬’ πµ“¡«¬—

rot, pocket °“√ºÀÿ ≈ÿ¡* rotation, silvicultural √Õ∫À¡πÿ ‡«¬’ π«π«≤— πå

rot, red °“√º ÿ ’·¥ß* rotation, technical √Õ∫À¡πÿ ‡«’¬π‡∑§π‘§

rot, ring °“√ºÿ‡ªπì «ß* rotation age Õ“¬ÿ‰¡µâ —¥øπí

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 250

A rotation crop æ◊™∑’Ë„™â„π√–∫∫°“√ª≈Ÿ°æ◊™ round 1. µâπ∑’¬Ë ß— ‰¡à‰¥‡â ®“–¬“ß* (S. virgin
tree) 2. ™—Èπ‰¡â„π°Õß* (S. course)
B À¡ÿπ‡«’¬π 3. ∑Õà π°≈¡*

C rotation of the highest income √Õ∫À¡ÿπ- roundheaded borer ¥â«ßÀ—«°≈¡*
D rounding up °“√ªÕ°º«‘ , °“√‡°≈“°≈¡*, °“√
E ‡«¬’ π√“¬‰¥ â ߟ  ÿ¥
∫“°°“π*
F rotation of the maximum volume pro- round knot µ“°≈¡*
G duction √Õ∫À¡ÿπ‡«’¬π°“√º≈‘µª√‘¡“µ√ round log ´ßÿ °≈¡*
round shake √Õ¬√â“«≈Õâ ¡‰ â*
H  Ÿß ¥Ÿ round timber ‰¡´â ßÿ *, ‰¡‡â  “°≈¡*
roundwood ‰¡â∑àÕπ°≈¡*
I rotation pasture ∑ÿàßÀ≠â“∑Ë’·∫à߇ªìπ·ª≈ßÊ row crop æ™◊ ´ßË÷ ª≈°Ÿ ‡ªπì ·∂« (‡™àπ ¢“â «‚æ¥

J  ”À√∫— ª≈Õà ¬ µ— «‡å ≈¬’È ß‡¢“â ‰ª°π‘ ∑≈’ –·ª≈ß Ω“Ñ ¬)
royal palm ª“≈å¡¢«¥ (ª“≈å¡„π °ÿ≈
K ‡¡Ë◊Õ∂÷߇«≈“Õ—π ¡§«√°Á¬â“¬ —µ«å‰ª°‘π
L Roystonea regia, O.F. Cook.)
M ·ª≈ß∂—¥‰ª®π§√∫∑ÿ°·ª≈ß®÷ß«°°≈—∫¡“ royal poinciana À“ßπ°¬ßŸ Ω√ßË— (¥Ÿ flame tree)
royalty §à“¿“§À≈«ß*, §“à  ∑‘ ∏*Ï‘
N ‡√‘¡Ë µâπ„À¡àÕ’° royal water lily ∫—««‘§µÕ‡√’¬ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈
O rotten neck §Õ√«ß‡πà“, ‚√§‡π“à §Õ√«ß
Victoria regia, Lindl.)
P rotund ‡°Õ◊ ∫‡ªìπ«ß≈Õâ rozelle °√–‡®¬’Í ∫·¥ß (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Hibiscus

Q rouge °“√·µ°µà“ßÕÕ°‰ª®“°æ—π∏åÿ·∑âÀ√◊Õ sabdariffa, L.)
rubber plant ¬“ßÕ‘π‡¥¬’ (µâπ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ Fi-
R ¡“µ√∞“π´Ëß÷ ¡—°®–Õ¬àŸ„π≈—°…≥–¥âÕ¬
cus elastica, var. decora, Roxb.)
S rough ∑—È߇ª≈◊Õ°*, ‰¡à‰ 
T
U rough, in the ∑ȗ߇ª≈◊Õ°

V roughage Õ“À“√À¬“∫ (‡ªìπÕ“À“√¡’‡¬Õ◊Ë „¬
W ¡“°·≈–§≥ÿ §“à ∑“ßÕ“À“√µ”Ë ‡™πà ø“ߢ⓫

X µπâ ¢“â «‚æ¥ À≠“â  ¥ œ≈œ)

Y rough ammoniates ‡»…´“° µ— «å

Z rough broken land æ◊Èπ∑´’Ë Õ¬À¬“∫ (æπÈ◊ ∑Ë’

´Ë÷ß¡’ ¿“æ¿Ÿ¡‘ª√–‡∑»≈“¥‡Õ’¬ß·≈–¡’√àÕß rubber plantation  «π¬“ßæ“√“

πÈ”‡°¥‘ ¢÷πÈ Õ¬à“ß¡“°¡“¬ ¡—°¡’æ™◊ æ√√≥¢÷πÈ rubber plantation standing under forest

ª°§≈¡ÿ )  «π¬“ß∑’˪≈Ÿ°„πªÉ“‰¡â

rough-leaved false vervain æπ— ߇Ÿ ¢’¬« (¥Ÿ rubble land æÈ◊π∑¥Ë’ “¥À‘π

cayenne vervain) ruderal æ◊™‡∫°‘ π”

rough plant æ√‘°Ω√—Ëß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Rivina rudimentary  à«π∑‡’Ë ®√≠‘ ‰¡‡à µ¡Á ∑’Ë

humilis, L.) rugose º«‘ ¬πà À√Õ◊ ¢√¢ÿ √–

rough timber ‰¡â∑ȗ߇ª≈Õ◊ °*, ‰¡â‰¡à‰¥â‰ * rugulose ¬πà ∂Ë’

roulroul ‰°®à °ÿ ( µ— «å„π °≈ÿ Rollulus roulroul) rule, board ‰¡â«¥— ∫Õ√å¥øµÿ *

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√

251

rumen °√–‡æ“–∑Ë’ÀπË÷ߢÕß —µ«å‡§¬È’ «‡Õ◊ÈÕß π”È ‰À≈º“à π, Õµ— √“π”È ‰À≈ºà“π A
B
ruminant  µ— «‡å §¬È’ ߇Õ◊ÕÈ ß (‡™à𠂧 °√–∫Õ◊ runoff surface ª√¡‘ “≥πÈ”‰À≈º“à πÀπâ“¥‘π C
D
·æ– ·°–) run-of-pile ªÜ¬ÿ ºß, ª¬ÿÜ ‡§¡’∑ˇ’ ªìπÕπ¿ÿ “§‡≈Á° E
F
ruminate 1. ¡≈’ °— …≥–‡ªìπ®ÿ¥Ê 2. ‡§È’¬«‡ÕÈ◊Õß ¬ß— ‰¡à‰¥âºà“π°√–∫«π°“√ªπôí ‡¡¥Á G
H
rumination °“√‡§¬È’ «‡ÕÈÕ◊ ß rupture ·µ°√“â «,  ≈“¬ I
J
run ∑“ß™—°≈“°¥«â ¬‡§√Õ◊Ë ß®°— √* rupture strength §«“¡µâ“π∑“π·√ߢÕß«— ¥ÿ K
L
run-around √“ß —∫‡ª≈¬Ë’ π, ∑“߇∫¬’Ë ß* ‡¡◊ÕË ∂ß÷ ®¥ÿ ·µ°À—°æÕ¥’ M
N
runcinate ‡ªπì À¬°— À¬“∫Ê rush æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Juncus spp. °Ëß÷ °°°ß÷Ë À≠â“ O
P
runner 1. ‰À≈ª≈âÕß, °Ë‘ßÀ√◊Õ≈”µâπ∑’ˇÕπ ≈°— …≥–„∫§≈“⠬櫰∑√ß°√–‡∑’¬¡ ¬—߉¡à Q
R
‡≈È◊Õ¬‰ª°—∫¥‘π ∫“ß∑’¡’√“°µ“¡¢âե⫬ ª√“°Ø«à“æ∫„πª√–‡∑»‰∑¬ S
T
(S. stolon) 2. µπ’ ‡≈◊ËÕπ* («π.) 3. √∂ russet  ’π”È µ“≈ªπ·¥ß U
V
æà«ß* (S. sett) rust 1.  π¡‘ , ∑”„À⇪πì  π‘¡ 2. ‚√§√“ π‘¡ W
X
runner chain ‚´à™–≈Õ‡≈◊ÕË π* (æƒ.) Y
Z
running foot øµÿ §«“¡¬“«* rust mite ‰√ π¡‘

runoff πÈ”‰À≈∫“à , °“√‰À≈∫“à ¢ÕßπÈ”, ª√¡‘ “≥ rye ¢“â «‰√¬å (æ◊™„π °≈ÿ Secale cereale, L.)

S

S1 , S2 , ...... etc  —≠≈°— …≥å„π°“√º ¡µ—« Antiaris toxicaria, Lesch.)
‡Õߧ√Èß— ∑Ë’ 1, 2, ... ·≈–ÕË◊πÊ (æ∏.) sacred lotus ∫—«À≈«ß (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Nelumbo

sabre butt ‚§π§¥* nucifera, Gaertn.)
sac ∂ßÿ , °√–‡ªÜ“ („πæ◊™Õ“®¡’™Õà ߇ª¥î À√Õ◊ ‰¡à saddle 1.  √âÕ¬À“ßÀ√◊Õ√–¬â“ (∫—Èπ‡Õ«),

°Á‰¥â) 2. Õ“π¡â“ 3. √àÕß∫π‰¡‚â °≈π*, √Õà ß∫π
saccate ¡√’ Ÿª§≈“â ¬∂ÿß ‰¡â≈Ÿ°√–π“¥* 4. °‘Ë«‡¢“* (√ŸªÕ“π¡â“),
saccharification °“√·ª√ ¿“懪πì πÈ”µ“≈* ™àÕß —π‡¢“*
saccharimeter ¡“µ√πÈ”µ“≈ saddle-grafting °“√µàÕ°‘Ëß·∫∫§√àÕ¡‚¥¬π”
saccharin  “√„À⧫“¡À«“π™π‘¥ÀπË÷ß µâπµÕ§≈⓬≈‘Ë¡ ∫“°°ßË‘ æπ— ∏ÿå (scion) „Àâ
æÕ¥’°∫— √ªŸ ≈Ë¡‘ ∑’˵πâ µÕ·≈«â  «¡‡¢â“‰ª
À«“π°«“à π”È µ“≈ saddle-tree ‚§√ß√à“ߢÕßÕ“π¡“â
saccus : sacculus °√–‡ª“–‡≈°Á (S. vesicle) safe load(ing) πÈ”Àπ—°ª≈Õ¥¿¬— *
sack ∂ßÿ , °√– Õ∫ safe stress §«“¡‡§√’¬¥ª≈Õ¥¿—¬
sack tree ¬à“π“ß, ¬“ßπàÕß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 252

A safety factor  «à πª≈Õ¥¿—¬ ‡°¥‘ °“√‡™Ë◊Õ¡ª√– “𵥑 °π— ·πàπ)
salt chuck ∫Õà ´ßÿ π”È ‡§¡Á *
B safflower §”ΩÕ¬ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Carthamus salt index ¥—™π’§«“¡‡§Á¡ [§à“‡™‘ß —¡æ—∑∏å∑’Ë

C tinctorius, L.) ∫Õ°∂÷ß·π«‚πâ¡„π°“√≈¥»—°¬åÕÕ ‚¡µ‘°
D (osmotic potential) ¢Õß “√≈–≈“¬¥‘π
E sagittage „∫∑’Ë¡’≈—°…≥–§≈⓬À«— ≈Ÿ°»√ ∑Ë’„ àªÿܬπÈ—π ‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫º≈¢Õß
°“√„™â‚´‡¥’¬¡‰π‡µ√∑π”È Àπ—°‡∑à“°—π]
F sago-palm 1. ª√ß®’π, ª√ß≠’˪πÿÉ (‰¡âª√–¥∫— salt lake ∑–‡≈ “ªπÈ”‡§Á¡
G „π °≈ÿ Cycas revoluta, Thumb.) 2. salt marsh ∑’Ë≈¡àÿ π”È ‡§¡Á , æ√πÿ ”È ‡§Á¡, 𓇰≈◊Õ
salt-out temperature Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘µ°º≈°÷ (¢Õß
H  “§Ÿ (µπâ ) (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Metroxylon sagu, ª¬ÿÜ À√Õ◊ ‡°≈◊Õ∑ËÕ’ ¬Ÿà„π “√≈–≈“¬)
salt peter À¡“¬∂ß÷ ‚æ·∑ ‡´Ë’¬¡‰π‡µ√∑
I Rottb.) salt-petre ¥‘πª√– «‘ (¥Ÿ salt peter)
salt-replaceable acidity  ¿“æ°√¥·∑π∑Ë’‰¥â
J salami ‰ â°√Õ°À¡Ÿªπ‡πÈ◊Õ«—« ¡’≈—°…≥–·Àâß ¥«â ¬‡°≈Õ◊
salt seasoning °“√∑”„À≡·â Àßâ ¥«â ¬ “√‡§¡*’
K §àÕπ¢“â ߇§¡Á ¡’°”‡π¥‘ „πÕ‘µ“≈’ salt tolerance §«“¡∑π‡§Á¡
L salt tolerant plant æ◊™∑π‡§¡Á
M sale, direct °“√¢“¬‰¡âµ¥— ‚§πà salverform √Ÿª¥Õ°‡¢Á¡*, ¥Õ°∑’Ë¡’ à«π∞“π
¢Õß°≈’∫¥Õ°‡™Ë◊Õ¡µ‘¥°π— ‡ªπì √ªŸ À≈Õ¥ ∑Ë’
N sale, felled °“√¢“¬§“µÕ* ¢Õ∫À≈Õ¥®–¡’°≈’∫¥Õ°‡°‘¥·¬°°—π·≈–
O sale, standing °“√¢“¬¬◊πµâπ* ·ºà‰ªµ“¡·π«πÕπ
salvinia ®Õ°ÀŸÀπŸ («—™æ◊™πÈ”„π °≈ÿ Salvinia
P sale, stump °“√¢“¬‰¡â¬◊πµπâ

Q sale depot ÕŸà‰¡â* ( ”À√—∫¢“¬)

R salination °“√ – ¡‡°≈◊Õ (¥Ÿ salinization)

S saline seep πÈ”‡§¡Á ´÷¡¢π÷È
UT saline soil ¥π‘ ‡§Á¡, ¥‘π´ß÷Ë ¡‡’ °≈Õ◊ ∑Ë≈’ –≈“¬π”È
V ‰¥âÕ¬Ÿ¡à “°‡°π‘ ª√°µ‘ §◊Õ ¡µ’ —ßÈ ·µàª√–¡“≥
W 0.2 ‡ªÕ√‡å ´πÁ µ¢å π÷È ‰ª ·µ¡à ’ pH µ”Ë °«“à 8.5

X salinity §«“¡‡§Á¡, ª√‘¡“≥‡°≈Õ◊ „ππÈ”∑–‡≈

Y salinization °“√ – ¡‡°≈◊Õ, °√–∫«π°“√

Z  – ¡‡°≈◊Õ„π¥π‘

salmonellosis ‚√§∑“߇¥‘πÕ“À“√∑’ˇ°‘¥®“° auriculata, Aubl.)

·∫§∑’‡√¬’ æ«° Salmonella sp. samara º≈ª√–‡¿∑‰¡·à µ°´ß÷Ë ¡ª’ °ï ‡™πà º≈¬“ß

salt affected soil ¥π‘ ‡°≈Õ◊ sample µ«— Õ¬à“ß

saltation °“√°√–¥Õπ (‡πÕ◊Ë ß®“°·√ß≈¡) ∑”„Àâ sample, to ‡°Á∫µ«— Õ¬à“ß

Õπÿ¿“§¥‘π‡§≈Ë◊Õπ¬â“¬®“°®ÿ¥Àπ÷Ë߉ª àŸÕ’° sample, random µ«— Õ¬à“ß àÿ¡

®¥ÿ Àπß÷Ë ‰¥â sample, stratified random µ—«Õ¬à“ß àÿ¡-

salt balance  ¡¥ÿ≈‡°≈Õ◊ µà“ß™à«ß™È—π

salt bridge  –æ“π‡°≈◊Õ (º≈÷°¢Õ߇°≈◊Õ∑Ë’ sample, systematic ‡°∫Á µ«— Õ¬“à ßÕ¬“à ß¡√’ –∫∫

∑”„ÀâÕπÿ¿“§À√◊Õ‡¡Á¥ªÜÿ¬´Ë÷ßÕ¬àŸ„°≈⇧’¬ß sample board ·ºπà ‰¡âµ—«Õ¬à“ß*

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√

253

sample census  ”¡–‚𵫗 Õ¬à“ß sandy clay loam ¥‘π√«à π‡Àπ¬’ «ªπ∑√“¬ A
B
sample mean ¡—™¨¡‘ µ«— Õ¬à“ß sandy loam ¥π‘ √«à πªπ∑√“¬ C
D
sample plot ·ª≈ßµ—«Õ¬“à ß sanitary ‡°Ë’¬«°—∫ ¢ÿ Õπ“¡—¬ E
F
sample plot, design °“√«“ß·ºπ·∫∫·ª≈ß sanitation °“√ ÿ¢“¿‘∫“≈ G
H
µ—«Õ¬“à ß santol  –∑âÕπ, °√–∑âÕπ (‰¡âº≈„π °ÿ≈ I
J
sample strip ·ª≈ßµ—«Õ¬à“ßµ“¡·π« Sandoricum indicum, Cav.) K
L
sample tree µπâ ‰¡µâ «— Õ¬“à ß sap 1. π”È ‡≈È’¬ß*(„πæ™◊ ), 2. °√–æ’*È M
N
sampling °“√π”‡Õ“µ—«Õ¬à“ß¡“∑”°“√ sap, bright °√–æ’ȉ¡‡à  ’¬ ’* (S. sapwood, O
P
«‘‡§√“–ÀåÀ“§ÿ≥¿“æ, °“√‡°Á∫µ—«Õ¬“à ß bright) Q
R
sampling fraction Õµ— √“ à«πµ«— Õ¬à“ß sapling µâπ‰¡âÕÕà π, ‰¡√â ÿàπ S
T
sampling unit Àπ૬µ—«Õ¬“à ß sap no defect (s.n.d.) °√–æ’ȉ¡∂à Õ◊ ‡ªπì µ”Àπ*‘ U
V
Sampson ‰¡¬â —π* (S. killing) sapodilla ≈–¡¥ÿ Ω√ßË— (‰¡âº≈„π °ÿ≈ Acharas W
X
sand ∑√“¬, Õπÿ¿“§¢ÕßÀ‘πÀ√◊Õ·√à∏“µÿ∑Ë’·µ° sapota, L.) Y
Z
ÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπ°âÕπ‡≈Á°Ê ¢π“¥‡ âπºà“ saponification °√–∫«π°“√·¬°°√¥‰¢¡—π

»πŸ ¬°å ≈“ß 0.02-2.0 ¡¡. ÕÕ°®“°πÈ”¡—π‚¥¬°“√‡µ‘¡π”È ¡—π°—∫¥à“ß

sandal wood ®—π∑πåÀÕ¡, ®—π∑π墓« (µπâ ‰¡â °√¥‰¢¡π— ®–∑”ªØ°‘ √‘ ¬‘ “°∫— ¥“à ߇°¥‘ ‡ªπì  ∫àŸ

„π °ÿ≈ Mansonia gagei, Drumm.) sapota ¥Ÿ sapodilla

sand-bar  —π¥Õπ*,  —π¥Õπ∑√“¬ sapote ¡–æ≈∫— „À≠à (‰¡ºâ ≈„π °≈ÿ Diospyros

sandbur À≠â“∫ÿâß («—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ siamensis, Hochr.)

Cenchrus brawnii, Roem. & Shult.) sappan wood Ω“ß, Ω“߇ π (µâπ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ

sand dune ∑¥’Ë Õπ√¡‘ ∑–‡≈*,  π— ∑√“¬, ‡ππ‘ ∑√“¬ Caesalpinia sappan, L.)

sand paper vine æ«ß∑Õ߇§√Õ◊ (æ◊™„π °≈ÿ saprolite (∑∫— »—æ∑å), À‘πºÿ‡π◊ÈÕ¬¬ÿà

Tristellateia australasiae, A. Rich.) saprophyte  Ë‘ß¡’™’«‘µ∑Ë’Õ“»—¬‡°“–°‘πÕ¬àŸ∫π

sandox tree ‚æ∏‘ÏΩ√Ë—ß (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ Hura Õπ‘ ∑√’¬ “√∑Ë’ºÿæ—ß·≈â«

crepitans, L.) sap rot °“√ºÿ∑Ë’°√–æ*’È

sandstone À‘π∑√“¬ sap stain √Õ¬¥“à ß∑Ë’°√–æ*È’

sandwich ·ºπà ‰¡âÕ¥—  Õ¥‰ â* («π.) sapstain dip πÈ”¬“®¡ÿà ‰¡â°π— ‡À¥Á √“*

sandwich board ·ºàπ‰¡âÕ—¥ Õ¥‰ *â («π.) sap (wood) °√–æ*È’ (S. alburnum)

sandwich construction °“√ª√–°Õ∫·∫∫ sapwood, bright °√–æ’ȉ¡à‡ ’¬ *’

 Õ¥‰ *â sapwood, included °√–æ’È·∑√°·°πà *

sandy beach À“¥∑√“¬ sapwood tree 1. µâπ‰¡â‰¡à¡’·°àπ 2. µâπ‰¡â

sandy clay ¥‘π‡Àπ¬’ «ªπ∑√“¬ ·°àπ ’®“ß* 3. µπâ ‰¡°â “π‰¡àµ“¬*

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»—æ∑凰…µ√ 254

A saraya meranti  ¬“¢“« (µâπ‰¡â„π °ÿ≈ saw, cylinder ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬∑√ß°√–∫Õ°*
saw, docking ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬µ¥— ·µàß*
B Shorea spp.) saw, double-handed ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬¡Õ◊ §àŸ*
saw, dowel ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬∑”‡¥◊Õ¬*
C sash °√Õ∫¢ß÷ „∫‡≈ÕË◊ ¬* saw, drag ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬™°— µ¥— *,‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬·µßà ¢Õ∫‰¡∫â “ß*
D saw, drunken ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬‡´“–√Õà ß*
E sash preservative  “√ªÑÕß°—π√—°…“‡πÈ◊Õ‰¡â saw, edger ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬·µàߢÕ∫*
saw, frame ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬°√Õ∫*
F ª√–‡¿∑µ«— ∑”≈–≈“¬,  “√Õ“∫‰¡ªâ √–‡¿∑ saw, gang ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬µ—∫*
G „™µâ «— ∑”≈–≈“¬ (S. solvent type preser- saw, gate ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬°√Õ∫*
saw, goose ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬·¢«π*
H vative) saw, ground-off ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬¢Õ∫Àπ“â  Ë«‘ *
saw, head ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬‡ª¥î ªï°*
I sash saw ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬°√Õ∫* saw, hollow-backed ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬À≈—ß·Õàπ*
saw, inserted tooth ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬ «¡øíπ*
J saturated air Õ“°“»Õ‘Ë¡µ«— * saw, jump ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬°√–¥°*
saw, log ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬‡ªî¥ª°ï *
K saturation deficit  «à π∑æ’Ë √àÕߧ«“¡™È◊πÕË¡‘ µ«— saw, M-toothed ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬øπí §Ÿà*
ML saturated (soil) extract  “√ °—¥(¥π‘ )Õ¡Ë‘ µ—« saw, oscillating ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬™—°*
N saturated soil paste ¥‘π‡À≈« saw, overhead ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ πµ—«∫π*
O sauerkraut °–À≈”Ë ª≈’¥Õß saw, peg-raker ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬øíπº ¡*
saw, pendulum ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬·¢«π*
P sausage tree µπâ ‰ °â √Õ° (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Kigelia saw, pit ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬µ—Èß*

Q pinnata)

R savanna : savannah ∑ßÿà À≠“â , ∑ßÿà À≠“â ‡¢µ√Õâ π

S savannah forest ª“É ∑àßÿ
T
U savannah woodland ªÉ“∑àßÿ

V saw ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬*
W saw, band ‡≈◊ÕË ¬ “¬æ“π*

X saw, barking ‡≈◊ËÕ¬‡´“–‡ª≈◊Õ°*

Y saw, barrel ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬∑√ß°√–∫Õ°*

Z saw, bevel ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬¢Õ∫≈“¥Àπ“â ‡¥¬’ «*

saw, bilge ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬√ªŸ °≈Õß* saw, plate ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ π*

saw, blocking ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬™ÿ¥µ¥— ‡»…‰¡*â saw, plug ‡≈◊ËÕ¬∑”‡¥◊Õ¬*

saw, bow ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬§—π∏π*Ÿ saw, pony band ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬ “¬æ“π‡≈°Á *

saw, break(ing)-down ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬‡ª¥î ª°ï * saw, pruning ‡≈◊ÕË ¬√¥‘ °Ë‘ß*

saw, chain ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬‚´à* saw, rack ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬√“ßøíπ‡øÕó ß*

saw, circular ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ* saw, reciprocal ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬™°— *

saw, circular gang ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ πµ∫— * saw, rift ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ·©°*

saw, concave ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬°√–∑–* saw, rip ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬º“à *

saw, crosscut ‡≈◊ËÕ¬∑Õπ*, ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬µ—¥* saw, rock ‡≈◊ËÕ¬‡´“–‡ª≈Õ◊ °*

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√

255

saw, rotary ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ π* sawmill, board 1. ‚√߇≈Ë◊Õ¬‰¡â°√–¥“π* A
B
saw, sash ‡≈◊ËÕ¬°√Õ∫* 2. ‚√ßß“π·ºπà „¬‰¡Õâ ¥— * C
D
saw, slab ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬´Õ¬* sawmill, cargo ‚√߇≈◊ÕË ¬ ßà ‰¡∑⠓߇√◊Õ* E
F
saw, slasher ‡≈◊ËÕ¬™¥ÿ µ—¥‡»…‰¡*â sawmill, circular ‚√߇≈◊ÕË ¬«ß‡¥◊Õπ* G
H
saw, slat ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ π®‘«Î * sawmill, double-band ‚√߇≈Õ◊Ë ¬ “¬æ“π§Ÿà* I
J
saw, splitting ‡≈◊ËÕ¬¢Õ∫≈“¥ÀπⓇ¥’¬«* sawmill, dry ‚√߇≈ÕË◊ ¬‰¡à¡’∫Õà ´ÿß* K
L
saw, swing ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬·¢«π* sawmill, gang ‚√߇≈◊ËÕ¬µ∫— * M
N
saw, swinging cross-cut ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬·¢«π* sawmill, portable ‚√߇≈Õ◊Ë ¬‡§≈ÕË◊ π¬â“¬* O
P
saw, taper(-ground) ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬¢Õ∫≈“¥ ÕßÀπ“â * sawmill, stationary ‚√߇≈Ë◊Õ¬Õ¬°àŸ ∫— ∑*Ë’ Q
R
saw, tipped ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬øπí ‡≈’ˬ¡ª≈“¬* sawmill, timber ‚√߇≈Õ◊Ë ¬‰¡â„À≠*à S
T
saw, top and botton ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬«ß‡¥Õ◊ π§ŸàµÈ—ß* sawn timber ‰¡·â ª√√Ÿª* U
V
saw, two-man ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬¡Õ◊ §Ÿà* sawn veneer ‰¡∫⠓߇≈Ë◊Õ¬* W
X
saw, whip ‡≈◊ËÕ¬µ—ßÈ * saw pit À≈¡ÿ ‡≈◊ËÕ¬* Y
Z
saw, widia ‡≈ÕË◊ ¬øπí ·À≈¡* saw set §—¥™ÿπ*

saw, wimet ‡≈◊ËÕ¬øπí ·À≈¡* saw through and through ‡≈◊ËÕ¬¥–*

saw, wobble ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬‡´“–√Õà ß* saw timber ´ÿ߉¡â‡≈Ë◊Õ¬*

saw alive ‡≈Ë◊Õ¬¥–* scab  –‡°Á¥, ‚√§™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ

saw arbor ‡æ≈“„∫‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬*  –‡°Á¥·º≈‡°‘¥∫πº«‘ æ◊™À√Õ◊  —µ«å

saw around ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬æ≈‘°* scabrons º‘«Àπâ“À¬“∫

sawbench ‚µä–‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬*, ·∑πà ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬* scald ‚√§‡ÀË’¬«‡©“, ·º≈∂Ÿ°πÈ”√Õâ π≈«°

saw carriage ·∑πà ªÕÑ π´ßÿ * (S. log carriage) scale 1. ‡°≈Á¥ ‡™àπ∑’ˇ°‘¥µ“¡º‘«„∫‰¡â∑Ë’

saw doctor ™à“ß·µàߧ≈Õ߇≈Õ◊Ë ¬* ‡ÀË’¬«·Àâß, ‡°≈Á¥ª≈“ 2. °“√ª√–‡¡‘π‰¡â

sawdust ¢’ȇ≈◊ÕË ¬* ·ª√√Ÿª* (®“°´ÿß) («π.) 3. °“√«—¥´ÿß*

sawfly ·¡≈ß™π¥‘ Àπ÷Ëß 4. ‰¡«â ¥— *

sawing, taper °“√‡≈◊ËÕ¬µ“¡§«“¡‡√’¬«* scale, cal(l)iper ·§≈‘‡ªÕ√å«—¥´ÿß*

sawing pattern °“√µÀ’ πⓉ¡â* scale, full °“√«—¥´ßÿ √«¡µ”Àπ‘*

saw kerf §≈Õ߇≈◊ËÕ¬* scale, net °“√«¥— ´ÿßÀ—°µ”Àπ*‘

saw line ·π«‡≈ÕË◊ ¬* scale, stump 1. °“√À“ª√‘¡“µ√®“°µÕ*

saw log ´ÿ߉¡â‡≈◊ËÕ¬* 2. ª√¡‘ “µ√°Õ߉¡‡â ¬ÕË◊ ∑’˵Õ*

sawmill ‚√߇≈Ë◊Õ¬*, ‚√ßß“π·ª√√Ÿª‰¡â¥â«¬ scale insect ‡æ≈Ȭ’ ·ªßÑ , ‡æ≈È’¬ÀÕ¬

‡§√ÕË◊ ß®—°√* scaler §π«¥— ‰¡*â (S. culler)

sawmill, band ‚√߇≈ÕË◊ ¬ “¬æ“π* scale stick ‰¡«â —¥´ÿß

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 256

A scalloped torus ª¡‡¬Õ◊Ë ¢Õ∫À¬—°* heliotrope)
scoub ª“É ·§√–
B scandent (µπâ ‰¡)â ´ßË÷ ‰µà¢πÈ÷ ‰ª scour ‚√§¢È’¢“«, Õ“°“√∑âÕ߇ ’¬ (‡ªìπ°—∫≈Ÿ°

C scantling ‰¡‡â ≈°Á ¬Õà ¬* (S. studding)  ÿ°√Õ“¬ÿ 1-3  —ª¥“Àå ‡πÕË◊ ß®“°¢“¥∏“µÿ
D ‡À≈°Á Õ“À“√‰¡¥à ’ À√◊Õµ‘¥‡™ÕÈ◊ )
E scant measure ¢π“¥µ”Ë °«“à °”Àπ¥* scramber æ™◊ ≈”µπâ ÕÕà π
scrambled egg ¢‡’È À≈Á°∫“â π, ∑√ß∫“¥“≈ (æ◊™
F scarf Àπ⓵—¥‡©¬’ ß*, ª“°©≈“¡* „π °≈ÿ Cassia surattensis, Burm. f.)
G scarf joint √Õ¬µÕà ‡©¬’ ß* scrape 1. ‡»…™π— ¥∫‘ * 2. °«“¥, ª“¥
scraper 1. ¡’¥°√¥’ ¬“ß 2. „∫¡’¥ª“¥¥π‘ (√∂
H scarification °“√‰∂§√“¥À√Õ◊ æ√«πæ◊™§≈¡ÿ ·∑√°‡µÕ√å) 3. ·ºàπ°«“¥¢Õß “¬æ“π
°«“¥ 4. ‡À≈°Á ¢¥Ÿ 5. §π¢¥ÿ
I ‡æÕË◊ „Àâ°≈“¬‡ªìπªÜÿ¬„π¥π‘ µàÕ‰ª scrapper 1. ‡§√Ë◊Õß®°— √∑Ë’„™â ”À√∫— µ‡’ ¡≈¥Á ®“°
‡ âπ„¬¢Õßæ◊™æ«°¢â“ßøÉ“ß 2. ‡§√◊ËÕß
J scarify ‡µ√’¬¡æÈ◊πª“É , ‡µ√¬’ ¡º«‘ ‡ª≈◊Õ°‡¡≈¥Á ª√–°Õ∫∑’Ë„™â¢ÿ¥¥‘π∑Ë’µ‘¥®“π‰∂À√◊Õ≈âÕ√∂
∑’Ë„™â„π°“√‰∂æ√«π
K scarlet bean ∂Ë—«º’ [«—™æ◊™‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ scratch ¢¥Ÿ
L scratch brush µ”·¬µ—«‡¡¬’ [«™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ√Õâ π
M Phaseolus lathyroides, L. (syn. Macro- „π °≈ÿ Fleurya aestuans, (L.) Guard.]
screefing ¢¥ÿ ∂“ß
N ptilium lathyroides, (L.) Urban] screen 1. µ–·°√ß 2. ©“°
O scarlet sage ª√–∑—¥Ω√—ßË , ª√–∑¥— ‡≈°Á (æ™◊ „π screen, wind °√–®°Àπâ“√∂¬πµå
screen washer and wiper ∑ªË’ í¥π”È Ωπ·≈–
P  °≈ÿ Salvia splendens, Ker-Gawl.)

Q scarp º“™—π, º“µÈß—

R schizo-lysigenous ‡°‘¥®“°‡´≈≈å·¬° ≈“¬*

S schizogenous ‡°¥‘ ®“°‡´≈≈·å ¬°*
T
U school ΩŸß

V scim  à«πµàÕ
W scion  «à πµÕà , °‘ËßµÕà ,  à«π¬Õ¥, ¬Õ¥æπ— ∏ÿå

X scissors, logging §¡’ ®∫— ´ßÿ *

Y sclerenchyma ‡πÈ◊Õ‡¬◊ËÕ¢Õßæ◊™∫“ß™π‘¥‡°‘¥

Z ®“°°“√·¢ßÁ µ—«¢Õ߇´≈≈凡◊ËÕ·°∂à ß÷ °”Àπ¥

¡’≈°— …≥–·¢Áߧ≈“â ¬Àπ‘ ≈â“ß°√–®°

scleria ª√◊Õ («™— æ™◊ ‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ Scleria screw pine °“√–‡°¥ (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈ Pandanus

pterota, Presl.) spp.)

scoop µ—°, ‚°¬ screw press ‡§√◊ËÕßÕ—¥¢—π‡°≈¬’ «*

scoot ‡≈◊ËÕπ≈“°´ßÿ * (S. log sled) scribe ‡§√ÕË◊ ß¡◊ÕÀ¡“¬‰¡*â (S. race, raze)

scorch ‰À¡â‡°√’¬¡, ¢Õ∫„∫‰À¡â scribling °“√¢¥Ÿ

score 1. √Õ¬* (®“°°“√ªÕ°À√◊ÕΩ“π) 2. ∑” scrog 1. ‰¡æâ ¡àÿ * (S. brush wood) 2. ‡»…

√àÕß* (∫π‰¡â∫“ß) °‘ßË ‰¡*â

scorpion weed À≠â“ß«ß™â“ß (¥Ÿ Indian scrotum ∂ßÿ Õ—≥±–, Àπß— À¡âÿ ≈Ÿ°Õ≥— ±–

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√

257

scrub ª“É ·§√–, ≈–‡¡“– √ß—  ’Õ‘πø√“‡√¥* A
B
scrubber Õÿª°√≥奰— ΩÉÿπ seasoning, kiln °“√∑”„À≡â·Àßâ ¥«â ¬‡µ“Õ∫* C
D
scrub forest ª“É ≈–‡¡“– seasoning, radio frequency °“√∑”„À≡â E
F
scrub land ª“É ≈–‡¡“– ·Àßâ ¥«â ¬§≈Ëπ◊ §«“¡∂ ’Ë ßŸ * G
H
sculate √Ÿª‚§âߧ≈⓬‡§¬’ « seasoning, salt °“√∑”„À≡·â Àßâ ¥«â ¬ “√‡§¡*’ I
J
scupper nailing °“√µÕ°µ–ªŸ°—π‡æ√¬’ ß* seasoning, solvent °“√∑”„À≡â·Àâߥ⫬µ—« K
L
scute ‡°≈Á¥„À≠ºà ‘¥ª√°µ‘ ∑”≈–≈“¬* M
N
scutellum Õ«—¬«–∑Ë’¡’√Ÿª√à“߇À¡◊Õπ‚≈àÕ¬àŸ√Õ∫ seasoning, superheated steam °“√∑”„À≡â O
P
√ß— ‰¢¢à Õßæ◊™®”æ«°À≠â“ ·Àâߥ«â ¬‰Õπ”È Õ≥ÿ À¿¡Ÿ ‘ ßŸ * Q
R
scythe ‡§¬’ «, „∫¡¥’ ‚§ßâ ¬“«„™‡â °¬’Ë «À√Õ◊ µ¥— À≠“â seasoning, vacuum °“√∑”„À≡â·Àâߥ⫬ S
T
sea eagle, white-bellied π°ÕÕ° (π°„π °≈ÿ  ≠ÿ ≠“°“»* U
V
Haliaetus leucogaster) seasoning, vapour °“√∑”„À≡â·Àâߥ⫬ W
X
sea holly ‡Àß◊Õ°ª≈“À¡Õ (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Acan- ‰Õπ”È * Y
Z
thus ebracteatus, Wall.) secateurs °√√‰°√µ—¥°Ëß‘ ‰¡â

seal ºπ°÷ , ªÕÑ ß°—π°“√√—«Ë ´÷¡ secon botton ∑Ë√’ “∫≈¡ÿà µ“¡À∫ÿ ‡¢“, ≈“π¥‘π∑Ë’

seal, dust ∑º’Ë π°÷ °—πΩπÉÿ ‡¢â“ Õ¬àŸ‡Àπ◊Õ∑Ë√’ “∫´ß÷Ë πÈ”∑«à ¡‰¥â

sealant  “√ºπ÷°°—π°“√√«—Ë ´÷¡ secondary cell wall ºπ—߇´≈≈∑å ÿµ‘¬¿Ÿ¡‘*

sealing-wax palm À¡“°·¥ß (¥Ÿ sentry palm) secondary essential element ∏“µÿÕ“À“√√Õß

seam µ–‡¢Á∫, √Õ¬* (¬“ßπÈ”¡—π‰¡â) secondary growth §«“¡‡µ∫‘ ‚µ¢¬“¬ÕÕ°*

seamer ‡§√◊ËÕߪî¥Ω“°√–ªÕÜ ß secondary mineral ·√∑à ÿµ‘¬¿Ÿ¡‘

seaming °“√ªî¥Ω“°√–ªÜÕß secondary nutrient ∏“µÕÿ “À“√√Õß

sea-run  Ÿ∑à –‡≈ secondary particle Õπÿ¿“§∑ÿµ‘¬¿¡Ÿ ‘

season ƒ¥°Ÿ “≈, ª√ÿß√ ™“µ‘Õ“À“√ secondary phloem ∑Õà Õ“À“√∑µÿ ‘¬¿Ÿ¡‘*

seasoned, air ·Àßâ ¥«â ¬Õ“°“»* secondary ray √—»¡’∑ÿµ¬‘ ¿Ÿ¡*‘

seasoning °“√∑”„À≡â·Àßâ *, ‡§√ÕË◊ ߪ√ßÿ √  secondary root √“°·¢πß

seasoning, air °“√∑”„À≡·â Àßâ ¥«â ¬Õ“°“»*, secondary timbers ‰¡â™π‘¥√Õß*, ‰¡â‰¡à

°“√∑”„À≡·â Àâߥ⫬°“√ºËß÷ * ∑π∑“π*

seasoning, centrifugal °“√∑”„À≡·â Àâߥ⫬ secondary wood ‡π◊ÕÈ ‰¡∑â ÿµ‘¬¿¡Ÿ ‘

·√߇À«Ë¬’ ß* secondary xylem ∑àÕπÈ”∑µÿ ‘¬¿¡Ÿ *‘

seasoning, high frequency °“√∑”„À≡â·Àßâ second growth ª“É √àπÿ  Õß* («π.)

¥«â ¬§≈◊πË §«“¡∂Ë ’ ߟ * secrete ¢—∫¢Õ߇À≈«

seasoning, infra-red °“√∑”„À≡â·Àâߥ⫬ secretion °“√¢∫— ¢Õ߇À≈«

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√ 258

A secretory space ™àÕß√–À«à“߇´≈≈塬’ “ß* seeds, multiplication ‡¡≈Á¥æπ— ∏ÿå®”Àπ“à ¬
seeds, panicle ‡¡≈¥Á æ—π∏ÿ宓°√«ß
B section, cross Àπ“â µ¥— *, ¥“â πÀπ⓵—¥* (S. seeds, registered ‡¡≈¥Á ∑’ˉ¥®â “°‡¡≈¥Á æπ— ∏Àÿå ≈°—

C transverse section) ¡’°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ª≈Ÿ°‡æË◊Õ√—°…“≈—°…≥–
D ¢Õßæ—π∏ÿ凥‘¡‰«â
E section, moisture ™È‘π à«πÀ“§«“¡™Èπ◊ * seeds, stock ‡¡≈¥Á æπ— ∏å¢ÿ ¬“¬
seed bearer ·¡à‰¡â
F section, radial ¥“â π√—»¡*’ (S. edge-grain) seed bed 1. ∑’‡Ë æ“–‡¡≈¥Á , ·ª≈߇擖 2. æÈ◊π
G section, stress ™È‘π à«πÀ“§«“¡‡§âπ* ªÉ“√∫— ‡¡≈¥Á
seed borne ‡¡≈Á¥∑’ˇªìπ‚√§,  Ë‘ß∑’˵‘¥¡“°—∫
H section, tangential ¥â“π ¡— º— * ‡¡≈¥Á
seed box °≈Õà ßÀ√◊Õ∂—ß∫√√®‡ÿ ¡≈Á¥´Ë÷ßµ‘¥µß—È Õ¬Ÿà
I section, transverse Àπ⓵—¥*, ¥â“πÀπ“â µ¥— * ∑Ë’‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¬Õ¥À√◊ÕÀ«à“π‡¡≈Á¥ (S. seed
hopper)
J secund ¢“â ߇¥¬’ « seed cell ™Õà ß∫√√®‡ÿ ¡≈Á¥ [√Ÿ √Õà ß À√Õ◊ ™àÕß∑Ë’
Õ¬àŸ√Õ∫Ê ·ºàπª≈àÕ¬‡¡≈¥Á (seed plate)]
K sedentary material «µ— ∂µÿ °§“â ß seed corn æπ— ∏ÿ¢å â“«
ML sedge °°, æ™◊ ∑Õ’Ë ¬Ÿà„πµ√–°≈Ÿ ª√߇ª√“– [«™— æ™◊ seed cutoff Õªÿ °√≥∑å Õ’Ë ¬àŸ„π™¥ÿ °”Àπ¥®”π«π
N ‡¢µ√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ Cyprus luzulae, (L.) ‡¡≈Á¥ (seed metering device) „™°â —π‰¡à
O Retz.] „À⇡≈Á¥∑’ˇ°‘π®“°∑Ë’°”Àπ¥µ°≈߉ª„π
seed cell
P sediment µ–°Õπ seed drill ‡§√Õ◊Ë ßÀ¬Õ¥‡¡≈¥Á (À¬Õ¥·≈«â °≈∫
 “¡“√∂§«∫§¡ÿ §«“¡≈°÷ ‰¥)â
Q sedimentary rock Àπ‘ µ–°Õπ*, À‘π™Èπ— , À‘π

R ∑Ë’ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬Õπÿ¿“§‡≈Á°Ê ´÷Ëßµ°

S µ–°Õπ®“° “√·¢«π≈Õ¬·≈â«¡“√«¡µ—«
T
U °—π‡ªπì Àπ‘ „À¡à

V seed ‡¡≈¥Á , ‰¢∑à ’Ë‰¥√â ∫— °“√º ¡æπ— ∏·åÿ ≈–·°·à ≈«â
W seed, to ÕÕ°‡¡≈Á¥, À«à“π‡¡≈Á¥, ª≈Ÿ°·≈–

X ‡°Á∫‡°’ˬ«‡Õ“‡¡≈¥Á , ‡Õ“‡¡≈¥Á ÕÕ°®“°º≈

Y seeds, breeder ‡¡≈¥Á æπ— ∏§åÿ —¥, ‡¡≈¥Á À√◊Õ à«π

Z ∑’Ë „™â°“√¢¬“¬æ—π∏åÿÕË◊πÊ ´÷Ë߉¥â®“°°“√

¢¬“¬æ—π∏åÿ‚¥¬π—°ª√—∫ª√ÿßæ—π∏åÿ‡æË◊Õ„™â„π seeder ‡§√Ë◊ÕßÀ¬Õ¥À√◊ÕÀ«à“π‡¡≈¥Á , ºâŸÀ«à“π

°“√¢¬“¬æ—π∏ÿªå ≈Ÿ°™Ë«— µàÕ‰ª ‡¡≈Á¥

seeds, certified ‡¡≈Á¥´÷Ë߉¥â√∫— °“√√—∫√Õß®“° seeding °“√∑”„ÀâÕÕ°‡¡≈Á¥, °“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå‚¥¬

‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë∑Ë’‡°Ë’¬«¢âÕß«à“µ√ßµ“¡æ—π∏åÿ·≈– ‡¡≈¥Á , °“√À«“à π‡¡≈Á¥

≈—°…≥–ÕË◊πÊ ∑Õ’Ë â“߉«â seed kiln ‡µ“Õ∫‡¡≈¥Á

seeds, foundation ‡¡≈Á¥æπ— ∏Àåÿ ≈—°, ‡¡≈Á¥∑Ë’ seed knockout Õÿª°√≥å∑Ë’™à«¬º≈—°¥—π‡¡≈Á¥

‰¥®â “°°“√¢¬“¬æπ— ∏¢ÿå Õ߇¡≈¥Á æπ— ∏§ÿå ¥— µÕâ ß ÕÕ°®“°™àÕß∫√√®ÿ (seed cell)

¡’°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√ª≈Ÿ°Õ¬à“ß„°≈♑¥‡æ◊ËÕ seed lac §√˗߇¡Á¥*

√°— …“≈—°…≥–µ“à ßÊ ¢Õß “¬æπ— ∏åÿ‰«â seed leaf „∫‡≈’Ȭß

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑‡å °…µ√

259

seedless ‰¡¡à ’‡¡≈Á¥ seed spout ∑àÕπ”‡¡≈¥Á æ™◊ ≈ß ¥àŸ ‘π A
B
seedlessness  ¿“æ∑Ë’º≈‰¡à¡’‡¡≈Á¥ Õ“®‡°‘¥ seedtime ƒ¥ŸÀ«“à π‡¡≈Á¥ C
®“°°√√¡«‘∏’ parthenocarpy À√◊Õ seed trap ‡§√Õ◊Ë ß¥—°√—∫‡¡≈¥Á D
stenospermocarpy °Á‰¥â seed tree µâπ‰¡∑â ¡Ë’ ‡’ ¡≈¥Á ∑®Ë’ –‡æ“–‰¥µâ àÕ‰ª E
seed tube ∑Õà π”‡¡≈Á¥æ™◊ ≈ߠय़ ‘π F
seedling °≈Ⓣ¡â, µâπæ◊™‡≈Á°Ê ∑Ë’‡æË‘ßßÕ°®“° seed-under-leaf ≈Ÿ°„µâ„∫ (¥Ÿ egg woman) G
‡¡≈Á¥ H
I
seedling, direct °“√‡æ“–®“°‡¡≈¥Á ‚¥¬µ√ß, seed wool ΩÑ“¬∑Ë’¬—߉¡à‰¥âªπíò ‡¡≈¥Á J
K
‡æ“–‚¥¬°“√À«“à π‡¡≈¥Á seedy ‡µ¡Á ‰ª¥«â ¬‡¡≈¥Á L
seedling family æ◊™∑Ë’‰¥â®“°°“√¢¬“¬æ—π∏ÿå seed year ª‡ï ¡≈Á¥¥°, ªï∑Ë’‰¡âº≈‘µ‡¡≈Á¥¡“° M
N
·∫∫„™‡â æ»®“°µπâ ·¡à (¥Ÿ seedling year) O
seedling stock µπâ µÕ∑’ˉ¥®â “°‡¡≈Á¥ seepage °“√√Ë«— ´¡÷ , °“√´÷¡ÕÕ° P
seedling year ªï°≈Ⓣ¡â (ªï∑’˵âπ‰¡‚â ª√¬‡¡≈¥Á segment  à«π¢Õß„∫ ¥Õ° ∑Ë’‡°‘¥®“°°“√‡«â“ Q
R
 Ÿàæ◊Èπ¥‘π¡“° ·≈–‡¡≈Á¥ “¡“√∂ßÕ°‡ªìπ ‡¢â“‰ª S
T
°≈Ⓣ¡â‰¥¡â “°) segregation 1. °“√·¬°µ«— ÕÕ°®“°¬π’ (gene) U
seed-lip µ–°√â“„ à‡¡≈Á¥ ”À√∫— À«à“π À√◊Õ‚§√‚¡‚´¡ 2. °“√·¬°≈Ÿ°º ¡ÕÕ° V
seed meal °“°‡¡≈Á¥æ◊™ ‰ªµ“¡™π‘¥µà“ßÊ ·Ààß°√√¡æ—π∏åÿ ‚¥¬ W
seed metering device ™ÿ¥°”Àπ¥®”π«π ‡° √µ—«ºŸâ®“°æ◊™µâπ‡¥’¬«°—π 3. °“√ X
°√–®“¬µ—«¢Õßæ◊™„π√àÿπ F ·≈–√ÿàπÀ≈—ß Y
‡¡≈¥Á (µ‘¥Õ¬Ÿà„µ∂â —ß∫√√®‡ÿ ¡≈¥Á ) Z
seed multiplication °“√¢¬“¬æ—π∏®ÿå “°‡¡≈¥Á 2

4. ≈°— …≥–·¬° ·º°®“°æàÕ·¡à 5. °“√

seedness °“√À«“à π ·¬°µ«— (ª∞.)

seed orchard  «π‡¡≈¥Á æπ— ∏ÿå segregation, shifting °“√·¬°µ—« (¢Õ߇¡¥Á

seed pearl ‰¢à¡ÿ°‡¡¥Á ‡≈Á° ªÿܬ) ‡¡◊ËÕ‡¢¬“à
seed pellet ‡¡≈Á¥æÕ° segregation, transgressive °“√°√–®“¬µ—«
seed plate  à«π¢Õß™ÿ¥°”Àπ¥®”π«π‡¡≈Á¥
¢Õß≈°Ÿ „π√àÿπµÈß— ·µà F ·≈–‰¥â≈—°…≥–∑¥Ë’ ’
(seed metering device) ≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ 2

À√Õ◊ ‡≈«°«à“æàÕ·¡¥à Èß— ‡¥‘¡

·ºàπ®“π°≈¡À¡πÿ √Õ∫µ—«‡Õß seine net, hauling ‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ®—∫ —µ«åπÈ”

seed-plot ∑’ˇ擖‡¡≈Á¥ ª√–‡¿∑Õ«π≈“°
seed rooting fungi ‡™◊ÈÕ√“∑’Ë∑”„À⇡≈¥Á æ◊™ seive pitting °“√‡√’¬ßµ—«À≈¡ÿ ºπß— ‡´≈≈å·∫∫

‡πà“‡ ’¬ µ–·°√ß*
seeds and seeding ‡¡≈¥Á æ™◊ ·≈–°“√ª≈°Ÿ ‚¥¬ selection 1. °“√‡≈◊Õ°æ—π∏åÿ, °“√§—¥‡≈Õ◊ ° Õ“®

‡¡≈¥Á ®–‚¥¬∏√√¡™“µ‘À√◊Õ¡πÿ…¬å°Á‰¥â 2. æ◊™∑Ë’

seedsman §π¢“¬æ—π∏åÿ‰¡,â §πÀ«à“π‡¡≈Á¥ ‰¥Àâ ≈—ß°“√§—¥‡≈Õ◊ °

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑凰…µ√ 260

A selection, mass °“√§—¥√«¡ ‡ªìπ°“√§—¥‡Õ“ selective insecticide °“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ° “√°”®—¥
·¡≈ß∑’Ë¡’ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√∑”≈“¬»—µ√Ÿ
B æ™◊ ∑‡’Ë ÀπÁ «“à ¥¡’ “√«¡°π— ‡æÕ◊Ë ª≈°Ÿ „π™«—Ë µÕà ‰ª æ◊™Õ¬à“߇©æ“–‡®“–®ß

C selection, pure line °“√§—¥·¬°, °“√§—¥ self, to º ¡æ—π∏åÿ„𵫗 (æ∏.)
D self-compatible °“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß∑’Ë„Àâº≈,
E ‡ ≈◊ Õ ° æ◊ ™ ‡ © æ “ – ∑’Ë ‡ ÀÁ π «à “ ¡’ ≈— ° … ≥ – ∑Ë’
 “¡“√∂º ¡µ—«‡Õ߉¥â
F µâÕß°“√‡æË◊Õª√—∫ª√ÿߧ«“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ¢Õß selfed 1. °“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß, ¥Ÿ pollination, self
G ª√–™“°√¢Õßæ◊™æ«°º ¡µ—«‡Õß„À⥒¢È÷π
(æ∏.) 2. ≈¡øÑ“Õ“°“»„π∂‘Ëπ∑Ë’¡’À≠⓵âπ
H (æ∏.) ‡µ¬È’ Ê À√Õ◊ ‡ªπì æ¡àÿ ¢π÷È Õ¬°àŸ √–®¥— °√–®“¬ „π
 À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ ¥‘π·¥π∑Ë’¡’Õ“°“»ª√–‡¿∑
I selection, reciprocal recurrent °“√§—¥ π’È®–¡’πÈ”ΩπÕ¬Ÿàª√–¡“≥ 10-20 π‘È«/ªï
(§àÕπ¢“â ß·Àâß·≈ßâ )
J ‡≈◊Õ°·∫∫«ß®√ ≈—∫, °“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°∑Ë’„™â self fertile  “¡“√∂º ¡µ«— ‡Õß·≈–„À⇡≈Á¥‰¥â
self fertilization °“√º ¡√–À«à“ß≈–ÕÕß
K ª √ – ™ “ ° √ · √ ° ‡ ªì π µ— « ∑ ¥   Õ ∫ ‡° √·≈–‰¢¿à “¬„πæ™◊ µπâ ‡¥¬’ «°π—
L self-fruitful °“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß∑Ë’„Àâº≈¥°
M ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ°“√„Àâ≈Ÿ°º ¡¢Õߪ√–™“°√ self-incompatible °“√º ¡µ«— ‡Õß∑Ë’‰¡à„Àºâ ≈,
‰¡ à “¡“√∂º ¡µ«— ‡Õ߉¥â
N ∑’Ë Õß∑¥ Õ∫ª√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ„π°“√„Àâ self-mulching soil ¥‘π∑˧’ ≈¡ÿ µ«— ‡Õß
O ≈°Ÿ º ¡¢Õߪ√–™“°√·√° (æ∏.) self-pollination °“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß (∑“ß惰…-
»“ µ√åÀ¡“¬∂÷ß°“√º ¡¢Õßµâπ‡¥’¬«°—π
P selection, recurrent °“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°·∫∫«ß®√  à«π∑“ßæ◊™ «πÀ¡“¬∂÷ß°“√º ¡„πæ—π∏ÿå
‡¥’¬«°π— )
Q ‡ªìπ°“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ°∑Ë’¡’°“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß ·≈–

R º ¡æ◊™∑’§Ë ¥— ‰¥â·∫∫æ∫°—πÀ¡¥ °√–∑”

S ´È”‡ªìπ«ß®√‰ª‡√ËÕ◊ ¬Ê (æ∏.)
T
U selection, stabilizing °“√∑’Ë genotype Õπ— „¥

V Õ—πÀπ÷Ëß “¡“√∂‡¢â“ Ÿà ¡¥ÿ≈‰¥â‚¥¬°“√§—¥
W ‡≈◊Õ°¢Õß∏√√¡™“µ‘

X selection differential §“à ·µ°µà“ß√–À«à“ߧ“à

Y ‡©≈’ˬ¢Õߪ√–™“°√‡¥‘¡°—∫ª√–™“°√À≈—ß

Z °“√§—¥‡≈◊Õ° (æ∏.)

selection felling °“√§—¥‡≈Õ◊ °µ—¥ («π.) self-pruning °“√√‘¥°ß‘Ë µ“¡∏√√¡™“µ‘

selection intensity Õ—µ√“ à«π¢Õßæ™◊ ∑Ë’§¥— ‰«â self-sterile °“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß∑’Ë„À⇡≈Á¥´Ë÷߇擖

·µà≈–§√—Èß‚¥¬§—¥ÕÕ°¡“‡ªìπÀπ૬ ‰¡ßà Õ°

¡“µ√∞“π (æ∏.) self sterility ¥Ÿ incompatibility, self

selection system √–∫∫‡≈Õ◊ °µ¥— («π.) self-unfruitful °“√º ¡µ—«‡Õß∑’Ë„Àâº≈‰¡¥à °

selective cutting °“√∑”‰¡â·∫∫‡øÑπµ—¥* semen πÈ”‡™ÈÕ◊ µ—«ºŸâ

(S. creaming, high grading) semi-arid °Ë÷ß·Àâß·≈âß, ·À≈àß∑’Ë¡’Ωπµ°

selective felling °“√∑”‰¡â·∫∫‡øπÑ µ¥— * ª“π°≈“ß ·µà¡’Õ—µ√“°“√√–‡À¬¢Õßπ”È

selective logging °“√∑”‰¡·â ∫∫‡øÑπµ¥— * §àÕπ¢“â ß Ÿß

æ®π“π°ÿ √¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√

261

semichemical pulp ‡¬◊ÕË °÷Ë߇§¡*’ sequum ≈”¥∫— ™—πÈ ¥π‘ A
B
semi-detailed survey °“√ ”√«®¥π‘ ·∫∫§Õà π seral ‡¢â“·∑π∑Ë’‰¥â (π«.) C
D
¢â“ß≈–‡Õ¬’ ¥ sericeous ≈—°…≥–§≈⓬‰À¡ E
F
semi-mounted °ßË÷ æ«à ßµ‘¥* sericulture °“√‡≈Ȭ’ ߉À¡ G
H
seminal root √“°·√°‡°‘¥ serotinous ÕÕ°¥Õ°≈à“, ≈°Ÿ  π∑’§Ë “â ßµπâ I
J
semi-parasite æ™◊ °ß÷Ë °“Ω“°, °÷ßË µ—«‡∫¬’ π serow ‡≈¬’ ߺ“, ‚§√” ( µ— «å„π °≈ÿ Capricornis K
L
semi-recent terrace µ–æ°— ≈”π”È §Õà π¢“â ß„À¡à sumatraensis) M
N
senescence √–¬– ÿ°ßÕ¡ ‡ªìπ√–¬–∑’˺≈‰¡â serpentine layering ¥Ÿ compound layering O
P
‡¡ÕË◊ ‡°∫Á ®“°µπâ ¡“·≈«â ®–¡°’ “√À“¬„®≈¥≈ß serrate 1. ®—°øπí ‡≈◊ËÕ¬*, ¢Õ∫„∫∑¡Ë’ ≈’ °— …≥– Q
R
À≈—ß®“°¡°’ “√À“¬„® Ÿß ¥ÿ ¡“·≈«â §≈⓬øíπ‡≈◊ËÕ¬ 2. ´÷Ëß¡’øíπ§¡™’ÈÕÕ°¡“ S
T
senility ‡° √µ«— ‡¡’¬´÷ßË ·°‡à °π‘ °«à“∑®’Ë –º ¡ ¢â“ßÀπâ“ 3. ‡ªπì À¬—° (ª¡.) U
V
senna, Alexandria ¡–¢“¡·¢° (µπâ ‰¡â„π °≈ÿ serrulate ®—°øíπ‡≈ËÕ◊ ¬∂Ë*’ , ¢Õ∫„∫§≈“â ¬ ser- W
X
Cassia angustifolia ·≈– Cassia rate ·µà¡À’ ¬°— ∂°Ë’ «à“ Y
Z
acutifolia, Del.) serum (∑∫— »—æ∑)å , ¢Õ߇À≈« ‡’ À≈Õ◊ ß∑·Ë’ ¬°™—Èπ

senna, tinnevelly ¥Ÿ senna, Alexandria ÕÕ°¡“À≈—ß®“°ª≈àÕ¬„Àâ‚≈À‘µ·¢ßÁ µ«—

sensitive plant ‰¡¬√“æ, √–¬∫— [«™— æ◊™‡¢µ sesame ß“ (æ◊™„π °≈ÿ Sesamum indicum,

√âÕπ„π °ÿ≈ Mimosa pudica, L. L.)

(H.B.K.)] sesquan §√“∫ÕÕ°‰´¥å¢Õ߇À≈Á°·≈–

sentry palm À¡“°·¥ß (æ™◊ „π °≈ÿ Cryto- Õ–≈Ÿ¡‡‘ π’¬¡

stachys lakha, Becc.) sessile ‰¡à¡°’ â“π

sepal °≈’∫√Õß, °≈’∫πÕ°, °≈’∫‡≈È’¬ß,  à«π sessile flower ¥Õ°∑’ˉ¡à¡’°â“π¥Õ°

¢Õߥհ∑Ë’¡’≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ°≈’∫ ’‡¢’¬«ÀàÕ sessile leaf „∫∑Ë’¡’°â“π„∫

Àÿâ¡¥Õ°µŸ¡Õ¬Ÿà „π¥Õ°∫“ß™π‘¥°≈’∫√Õß sessile stigma √ß— ‰¢∑à ’Ë‰¡¡à °’ “â π™¬Ÿ Õ¥‡° √µ«— ‡¡¬’

®–¡’¢π“¥„À≠à·≈–¡’ ’ «¬ ¥§≈⓬°≈’∫ (stigma)

¥Õ° set ™à«ßÕ¬µŸà «— *, °“√Õ¬Ÿµà —«*, §—¥øíπ‡≈◊ËÕ¬*,

sepaloid §≈“â ¬°≈’∫√Õß ™à«ß§¥— øπí ‡≈Õ◊Ë ¬*, ·¢Áßµ—«‰¥∑â *Ë’

separate dorsal fin §√∫’ À≈ß— ∑·’Ë ¬°ÕÕ°®“° set, compression °“√Õ¬Ÿµà «— ®“°·√ßÕ—¥*

°—π (ª¡.) set, permanent °“√Õ¬µŸà «— ∂“«√* (S. residual

separator ‡§√ËÕ◊ ß·¬°¢Õߺ ¡ strain)

septate ∂°Ÿ ·∫ßà ‚¥¬ºπß— °È—π set, spring øíπ‡∫π*

septicidal µ“¡√Õ¬µ–‡¢Á∫ set, swage øπí ∫“π*

septum ºπß— °È—π¿“¬„π√—߉¢à set, tension °“√Õ¬µŸà —«®“°°“√¥ß÷ *

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»æ— ∑‡å °…µ√ 262

A seta ¢π·¢ßÁ , °“â π sporophyte ´ßË÷ ‡™Ë◊Õ¡ foot ‚¥¬¬’π (gene) ∑Ë’¡’µ”·ÀπàßÕ¬àŸ∫π
‚§√‚¡‚´¡‡æ»
B °∫— capsule „π¡Õ  å sexual Õ“»—¬‡æ», ∑“߇æ»
sexual propagation ª¬ÿ°µå‡æ», °“√¢¬“¬
C setaceous ¡¢’ π·¢Áß, ‡À¡Õ◊ πÀπ“¡ æ—π∏åÿ‚¥¬„™â‡§√◊ËÕ߇æ», °“√¢¬“¬æ—π∏ÿå
D ‚¥¬„™â‡¡≈¥Á ∑Ë’‰¥â√—∫°“√º ¡æπ— ∏·ÿå ≈«â
E set bag ‚æßæ“ß, ‚æßæ“ßÀ≈—°, À≈°— ‡§¬ sexual reproduction °“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå·∫∫Õ“»¬—
‡æ», °“√ ◊∫æ—π∏ÿå‚¥¬Õ“»—¬°“√º ¡
F set bag, removable ‚æßæ“ßÀ≈°— ≈Õ¬ √–À«“à ߇™ÕÈ◊ µ«— ºŸâ·≈–‰¢à
G set bag, reversible ∑Ë’ Ÿâ°âÿß (§≈⓬‚æßæ“ß shackle Àà«ß√Õ°* (S. yoke)
shade-bearer ‰¡∑â π√à¡
H À≈°— ≈Õ¬·µà¡¢’ 𓥇≈°Á „™â„π∑Ë·’ §∫°«“à ) shade-tree ‰¡√â à¡
shadow line ‡ âπ‡ß“*
I set block §—¥™ÿπ, ∑˗ߧ—¥™ÿπ* shaft ≈”µπâ *
shake 1. ·ªÑπ‡°≈Á¥*, °√–‡∫◊ÈÕ߉¡â*
J set gill net Õ«πµ‘¥ª√–®”∑’Ë (S. shingle) 2. √Õ¬√“â «*
shake, arc √Õ¬√“â «µ“¡«ßª*ï
K setiform ¡’√ªŸ §≈“â ¬¢π·¢ßÁ shake, compound √Õ¬√“â «º ¡*
ML set net ‡§√◊ÕË ß¡◊Õ®∫—  —µ«åπÈ”ª√–‡¿∑¥°— °“ß°—Èπ shake, cup √Õ¬√â“«µ“¡«ßª*ï
N setose ª°§≈ÿ¡¥â«¬¢π·¢ÁßÀ√Õ◊ ¢«“°Àπ“¡ shake, felling √Õ¬√“â «®“°°“√‚§πà *
O sett 1. °‘Ëßªí°™”¢π“¥„À≠à 2. √∂æà«ß* shake, heart √Õ¬√â“«®“°‰ â*, ‰ â√“â «*
shake, lightning √Õ¬√â“«®“°æ“¬Ωÿ π*
P (S. runner) shake, ring √Õ¬√“â «µ“¡«ßª*ï

Q setting 1. ª“߉¡*â («π.) 2. ∫√‡‘ «≥™°— ≈“°

R √Õ∫‡ “√–¬“ß*

S setting time ™à«ß‡«≈“·¢Áßµ—«‰¥∑â *Ë’
T
U setting up 1. °“√‡µ√’¬¡‡®“–* (¬“ß π)

V (S. cupping) 2. °“√∫“°°“π*
W set works ‡§√Ë◊ÕßµßÈ— ÀπⓉ¡*â

X severe pruning µ¥— ‡πÕÈ◊ ∑´’Ë ßË÷ ®–„À¥â Õ°º≈ÕÕ°

Y ª√–¡“≥ 15 ‡ªÕ√‡å ´πÁ µå

Z sewage ¢Õ߇ ¬’ ,  ‘Ëß‚ ‚§√°

sewage sludge µ–°ÕππÈ”‡ ’¬ shake, round √Õ¬√“â «≈âÕ¡‰ â*

sex-chromosome ‚§√‚¡‚´¡‡æ», ‚§√‚¡‚´¡ shake, shell √Õ¬√â“«µ“¡«ßªï¥â“π¢â“ß*

∑¡’Ë ’Àπ“â ∑’Ë„π°“√·®ß‡æ»º‡Ÿâ 滇¡’¬ shake, star √Õ¬√“â «√ªŸ ¥“«*

sexed chick ≈Ÿ°‰°à·¬°‡æ» shake, through √Õ¬√â“«µ≈Õ¥*

sexing °“√·¬°‡æ» shake, thunder √Õ¬√“â «®“°æ“¬Ωÿ π*

sex limited ‡©æ“–‡æ» shake, transverse √Õ¬√â“«µ“¡¢«“ß*

sex-linkage °“√‡™◊ËÕ¡‚¬ß≈—°…≥–æ—π∏ÿ°√√¡ shale Àπ‘ ¥‘π¥“π

°—∫‚§√‚¡‚´¡‡æ», §«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å√–À«à“ß shallot ÀÕ¡‡≈Á°, ÀÕ¡·¥ß (æ◊™„π °ÿ≈

≈—°…≥–°—∫‡æ», ≈—°…≥–∑Ë’∂Ÿ°§«∫§ÿ¡ Allium ascalonicum, L.)

æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑凰…µ√

263

shama, white-rumped π°°“ß‡¢π¥ß (π°„π shear legs ªôíπ®Ë—π Õߢ“, ªôíπ®Ë—π√Ÿª A A
B
 °≈ÿ Copsychus malabaricus) (S. A-frame) C
D
shape √ªŸ √“à ß, ∑√ߥհ shearling ·°–´ß÷Ë ∂°Ÿ µ—¥¢π¡“·≈⫧√È—ßÀπß÷Ë E
F
share 1. „∫¡¥’ µ¥— ¥‘π 2. ‡©Õ◊ π shears °√√‰°√¢π“¥„À≠à G
H
share, wing of ªï°„∫¡¥’ shears, garden ¥Ÿ shears, hedge I
J
share, gunnel of  —π„∫¡¥’ shears, hedge °√√‰°√µ¥— µπâ ‰¡â K
L
share force ·√߇©◊Õπ shearman §πµ¥— ¢π·°– M
N
shares 1. º“≈‰∂ 2. °√√‰°√µ¥— À≠“â shear skid À≈—°°—π´ßÿ O
P
sharpness angle ¡ÿ¡§¡øíπ‡≈◊ËÕ¬*, ¡ÿ¡§¡ shear strain §«“¡‡§√’¬¥®“°·√߇©◊Õπ Q
R
„∫¡¥’ * (S. grinding angle) shear(ing) strength ·√߇©Õ◊ π, §«“¡µâ“π S
T
shasta ‡∫≠®¡“» (¥Ÿ chrysanthemum) §«“¡‡§πâ ‡©◊Õπ U
V
shatter À≈ÿ¥√à«ß, √à«ßÀ≈àπ (‡π◊ËÕß®“°‰¥â√—∫ shear(ing) stress §«“¡‡§âπ®“°·√߇©◊Õπ, W
X
·√ß°√–·∑°) §«“¡‡§πâ ‡©◊Õπ Y
Z
shattering °“√°√–®—¥°√–®“¬ (‡æ√“–·Àâß sheath 1. °“∫,  à«π∑Ë’‡ªìπ·ºàπÀÿâ¡≈”µâπ°—∫

°√Õ∫‡°‘π‰ª) °â“πÀ√Õ◊ °‘Ëß 2. Àπ—ßÀ¡ÿâ ª≈“¬Õ«—¬«–‡æ»ºâŸ

shatter loses §«“¡ ≠Ÿ ‡ ’¬‡πË◊Õß®“°√à«ßÀ≈àπ sheath cell ‡´≈≈°å “∫*

√–À«à“ß°“√‡°Á∫‡°¬Ë’ « sheathing 1. ‰¡∫â ÿ*, ‰¡â°√*ÿ 2. ‰¡æâ π—߇√Õ◊ *

shave ¡¥’ ¢Ÿ¥ (S. draw knife) sheathing, plywood ‰¡âÕ—¥°√*ÿ

shaving board ·ºàπ‰¡â‰ Õ¥— , ·ºπà ‰¡‡â  ¬È’ «, sheave ≈Õâ „π≈°Ÿ √Õ°, ≈°Ÿ √Õ°* (S. pulling)

·ºàπ‰¡‡â  ’¬§≈Õß (S. shim) sheck 1. À≠â“À√◊Õæ◊™‰√à∑Ë’π”¡“°Õ߉«â„π∑àÿß

shaving brush 1. ßÈ«‘ (¥Ÿ red cotton tree) ‡æËÕ◊ µ“°„Àâ·Àâß 2. ∑”„À‡â ªπì °ÕßÊ „π∑àßÿ

2. ÀŸª≈“™àÕπ (¥Ÿ consumption weed) ‡æË◊Õµ“°„À·â Àâß

shear µ—¥¢π —µ«å, ‡©◊Õπ*, ·√߇©◊Õπ, °“√ sheet °“√ ≠Ÿ ‡ ¬’ ‡πÕÈ◊ ¥π‘ ‚¥¬°“√™–≈“â ߇ªπì ™π—È

‡©Õ◊ π* («π.) ∫“ßÊ ®“°º‘«¥‘π ·≈–‡°◊Õ∫√“∫‡√’¬∫

shear, horizontal °“√‡©◊Õπµ“¡·π«πÕπ* ‡ ¡Õ°π—

shear, oblique °“√‡©Õ◊ πµ“¡·π«‡©’¬ß* sheet erosion °“√°√àÕπ·∫∫·ºàπ, °“√æ—ß

shear, parallel to grain °“√‡©Õ◊ πµ“¡‡ ¬È’ π* ∑≈“¬¢Õߥ‘π ∑”„À⺑«Àπâ“¥‘π∂Ÿ°™–‰ª

shear, resistance to °“√µâ“π·√߇©Õ◊ π* ‡ªπì ™π—È Ê

shear, vertical °“√‡©Õ◊ π¢«“ß‡ È’¬π* sheet flood π”È À≈“°·º´à à“π

shearer §πµ¥— ¢π·°– sheet flow πÈ”À≈“°·º´à “à π

shear failure °“√©’°¢“¥®“°·√߇©◊Õπ* sheet wash °“√°¥— °√àÕπ·∫∫º«‘ ·ºàπ

shearing °“√µ—¥¢π µ— «å shelf life Õ“¬ÿ°“√‡°∫Á * (°“«)