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F I LEI

Pirabakarau was
a frequent visitor
to our house; in
both an official and personal
capacity. He would come alone
with his bodyguards and on other
occasions with his family. By
mid 1998 we had known and
lived with the legendary leader
of the Tamil liberation struggle,
Veluppillai Pirabakaran for

Prabakaran

IIen My

twenty years. During those years of personal and late to any established models or theories of libera-

political relationship we have been deeply involved tion warfare. For him, methods of struggle should evolve

in experiences with him that led to an understan- from the objective conditions unique to each struggle.

ding and insight into one of the most complex and He devised his own methodology of warfare suited

commanding personalities determining the politics to the necessities and conditions of the struggle of

of Sri lanka.Those twenty years of relationship his people. Some of his methods and tactics of

embraced an epoch in the struggle during which we warfare have earned him severe condemnation, parti-

walked through many good times together and cularly among the Sinhala political and military

traversed and triumphed over periods of adversity analysts. Yet he has defended his 'ruthless' tactics as

in both his political and personal life. Over this span a necessary means to protect his weak and small nation

of time we had seen the ideals of freedom ofa young of people against a strong, powerful and ruthless enemy.

militant progressively transforming into a concrete Mr Prabakaran is an activist. He believes human

reality. action is the propelling force of history,

Parallel to the march towards the He has defended His commitment to action rather than

liberation of his people, Mr Pirabakaran his 'ruthless' abstract theoretical analysis ef'problems
has emerged as a living symbol of tactics as a has been the crucial mobilising force in
national freedom and has grown in necessary the groWdl and development of the orga-
adoration to become a venerated figure nisation he founded. Disillusioned by

amongst his oppressed people. means to protect the vacuou words of mainstream Tamil
Mr Pirabakaran has always main- his weak and politicians, many young people admi-
small nation of red Mr Pirabakaran tor his disdain tor
tained individuality and creativity in the duplicity of their politics and his
fashioning the mode of the armed strug-

gle of the Tamil people. Though he was people against a active politico- mililIDycampaign 10achieve
familiar with the history of the national strong, powerful his objectives. And to a large extent
liberation struggles and freedom and ruthless and against even greater odds, Mr Piraba
moments of the other countries of the enemy. karan has been successful in creating
world, he did not embrace or capitu- a Tami I national army capable of resis-

73

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ting Sinhala state oppression. And while - at this more insight into Mr. Prabakaran. Contrary to the

stage of the struggle - he has not achieved his ulti- perception widely projected abroad, Mr. Prabakaran is

mate political objective, if it were not for the brilliant a warm and sociable person. In fact ifthere was one

planning and execution of the armed campaigr: word to sum up Mr. Prabakaran in the social and

conducted by Mr. Prabakaran, the organisation he personal context, it would be 'gregarious'. Mr. Praba-

While has built up over the karan loves to converse. He is interested in many issues
Iast twenty five years - and holds strong views. On some views I do differ.

Mr. Prabakaran the LTTE - and the One of his favourite interests is science and he encou-
prioritised the Tamil people as ar: rages the cadres to learn new technologies and scien-
necessity of identifiable national tific knowledge. Another interest of Mr Pirabaka-
formation would have ran is Tamil culture. He has encouraged cultural

armed struggle been wiped out of the expression in many forms in the organisation and
to achieve island many years society. Indeed cultural programmes constitute an
political goals, ago.This I concluded important part of training camp life and most cadres
from my [ive expe- are expected to participate and contribute at one level

Bala's rience with the strug- or another. The development of Tamil liberation litera-
intervention gle, and it is the ture and arts has always enjoyed the wholehearted
enhanced the widely held view support of Mr. Prabakaran. But most of all, Mr Pira-
amongst the Tamil bakaran is a connoisseur of good food. He himself has

political people. always shown a special interest in cooking different
dimension of But while Mr .Praba foods, and over the years he has developed a discer-
the armed ning taste. He views cooking as an art and eating a
karan prioritised the basic pleasure in life. He has often found it difficult to
necessity of armed strug-

struggle. gle to achieve political understand how my interest in food can be limited to
goals, Bala's interven- fresh vegetables. Nevertherless, he has always been

tion enhanced the political dimension of the armed considerate enough to prepare food to my taste

struggle. The relationship between these two single- whenever I have visited his family for a meal. Without

minded individuals has been unique. It's one of those fail, before his departure from our house, he would

relationships where two different personalities come enquire about our diet. He regularly relieved me of

together at a specific conjuncture and play significant the burden of cooking by sending Bala food from

roles in the movement of history. his kitchen and when he cooked for functions for

Bala has always viewed his role with the LTTE his cadres. For me, a vegetarian, he thought hard

and the struggle as the advisor and theoretician to before deciding on a tasty dish he could prepare for

Mr. Prabakaran and the organisation. Bala's lack of me. Not infrequently, he had his cooks prepare a

concern for power, his preparedness to restrain his special vegetarian dish and sent it over to our house

role to writing, teaching and advising, and his obvious along with Bala's food.

commitment to the struggle, eventually made Bala Clearly Mr. Prabakaran has an extraordinary

the most reliable and trustworthy advisor to Mr Pira- interest in military matters. But it is not the simple

bakaran. One quality that Mr Pirabakaran has admi- things of uniforms and weapons and technology of

red and valued in Bala all these years, is his commit- war which attracts this man to a military lifestyle.

ment to truth. Bala has always acted on the princi- It is in my perception ofhim,that Mr. Prabakaran values

ple that he should convey accurate and truthful advice certain military principles as central to decent living also.

in the best interests of both Mr. Prabakaran and the strug- These principles form part of his wider social phili-

gle. Whether Mr. Prabakaran has always heeded the sophy. The most important of these being discipline.

advice or was displeased by what he frankly Discipline, in Mr. Prabakaran's perpective, is a central

~' conveyed, was not Bala's concern. As the advisor concept in life. It governs his role as leader of a politico

~ to Mr. Prabakaran, Bala has many times told me, it - military structure, his personal life and his view

~ was his duty to tell the truth, regardless of how unpa- of society.

latable it may be. In his personal life M.r Prabakaran is discipli-

And it was at the personal level one can gain ned in all dimensions. There has never been, from the

74

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outset of his days in struggle, a whisper of impro- the struggle with his obli-
gations as a husband and
priety or scandal surrounding him. He has never father. Arguably, his wife
Mathy has made the
smoked or taken alcohol and prefers if other people greatest sacrifice and has
not enjoyed the compa-
don't. The only person in the organisation whom he nionship of her husband on
the level she would have
tolerated smoking was Bala, and that was in defer- preferred. Mathy's cons-
tant care of the children
ence to his age and the personal repect he held for obviously places her in
a position to have greater
him. On visits to our house he often teased Bala about infIwx.e over them. But the
Piraba karan family could
his unhealthy habit. He also showed his repulsion never be classified as
'normal'. Being the wife
for the smell of cigarette smoke and Bala avoided and children ofMr Pira-
bakaran locates them in
smoking in front of him. a unique social position
and determines their
Courage in human beings is, for Prabakaran, an admi- lifestyle and relations-
hips. Uppermost in both Mr. Prabakaran and Mathy's
rable trait. He admires and respects manifestation mind is the security and future of their children.
Hence, both Mathy and Mr. Prabakaran, as is consis-
of bravery, not only in his cadres, but people in gene- tent with Jaffna parental thinking and aspirations,
encourage the children in their educational pursuits.
ral. Courage is inextricably linked to a positive and Mathy in particular has spent many hours privately
tutoring her children at home and she fosters in them
certainly inspiring feature of his character, which is a healthy passion for knowledge. But his family is
lifeblood to Mr Pirabakaran. On many occasions
that of not being subdued when he is 'oft' duty he visits our house with Mathy
and their three children, Charles, born in 1985, Towa-
or deterred by anything in raha, one year younger, and Balachandran, who was
an unexpected addition to the family in 1996. I had
life, no matter how formida- no idea when I helped Mathy deliver her first son
that he would grow to resemble Mr. Prabakaran not only
ble and powerful it may be. in looks, but in characteristics also. Towaraha, the only
girl, is more serious and studies well. The last child,
He has an indomitable will although with Mr Pirabakaran's features and
obviously a favourite in the family, had not grown
and confidence that sufficiently when I left the Vanni for me to comment
on his personality.
anything can be achieved if Security concerns have compelled Mr Prabakaran to
adopt what many have mistakenly labelled a 'reclu-
the mind is applied and sive' life style. His secluded existence under condi-
tions of continued war and his inaccessibility to the
Adel focused on the project. It is media have made him the most misunderstood and
Balasingam not insignificance that one feared guerrilla leader of our times.He has, of course,
of his favourite sayings is become most successful and popular in his specta-
cular military campaign. His military ability has
'Who dares wins'. I inquired

Writer, from Bala as to what he
Social worker, viewed as the quality he
Political admired most in Mr. Praba
activist, karan. The unque characte-
freedom fighter, ristic that Bala appreciated in
Great Britain. Prabakaran's personality
was his supreme self -

confidence in times of

adversity. Prabakaran has

always displayed, Bala

observed, a firm, resolute

and unflagging confidence

in pursuit of the cause of his

people. Prabakaran belie-

ves in 'Dharma', the law of

righteousness. His inner

determination and confidence arise from the belief

that the cause of his people is right, fair and just and

therefore will eventually succeed, Bala explained.

But apart from being a political figure and a

friend to many, Mr.Prabakaran is also a family man.

'On duty' twenty-four hours of the day, every day of

his life,he has had to balance his reponsibilities between

75

www.eelamview.com

often perplexed the many professional military minds resistance campaign. His daring guerrilla attacks

in the world. So what is it that has earned this short, brought him to the attention of the state authorities

stocky, neat man so much love from his people on the one and he became a'wanted' man living an underground

hand, and notoriety from the world on the other? life in Jaffna.His bold armed challenge to the might

Mr. Prabakaran's How do we account of the Sinhala state earned Mr. Prabakaran a noble
nationalism is not for the contradiction reputation and he became a heroic figure amongst
in his people's percep- his people. The shrewdness and intelligence he

a manifestation of tion of him, and the successfully deployed in challenging the state was

Tamil chauvinism vilification by the viewed by the people as their triumph and an asser-
or racism, asmany world? tion of their pride and identity. Mr. Prabakaran's
Sinhala critics sustained and successful armed resistance against
would like to Mr. Prabakarnn, born mounting state oppression has earned him the mantle
in the coastal village of national leader of the Tamil people's struggle for
ofValvettiturai on 26th

argue. His national November 1954 was a freedom and independence. This noble objective

sentiment arose sixteen - year - old fuels his passion and dominates his spirit. The
from a teenager when he took stuggle has become his life and he has become
determination to up arms and became the struggle.
resist Sinhala involved in the politi-
cal struggle of his Although Mr. Prabakaran would never make any
pretensions to being a theorist or an ideologue, his

racist oppression people.He was, in politics place him squarely in the camp of a patriotic

that aims at the other words, a 'child nationalist. Mr. Prabakaran's nationalism is not a
destruction of his soldier' if we use the manifestation of Tamil chauvinism or racism, as
people. language of today. many Sinhala critics would like to argue. His national
From those early days sentiment arose from a determination to resist Sinhala

racist oppression that aims at the destruction of his

people. In other words, the racism of the Sinhala

state made him a fierce patriot, a passionate lover

of his oppressed nation. His deep love for his people,

their culture and-more specifically - their language,

fuels his dedication and determination to secure their

survival, For him, uncluttered by abstract concepts and

theories, the problem confronting the Tamil people

is clear - cut and simple and the struggle for freedom is

just.His psyche is deeply rooted in the soil of his

motherland, the North-East, which he always refers

to as Tamil Eelam.He has an unshakeable view that

his people have a right to live in peace, dignity and

harmony in their historic homeland. His perception

of Tamil Eelam is neither secessionist nor expan-

sionist. For him, Tamil Eelam belongs to the Tamils

and they have the sovereign right over their territory.

Indeed, he has neither demonstrated nor articulated

any aspiration to annex traditional Sinhala territory

nor does he dream of an expansionist greater Eelam

.= as projected by some Indian critics .

he has never lived a 'normal' life. As his commit-
ment deepened, he mobilised and organised a group
of radical youth who shared his views into an under-
ground guerrilla organisation and launched an armed

76

www.eelamview.com

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PRABAKARAN 1971, and more ferociously in 1987. Although their aim
was to capture state power, the state was able to crush
FROM A HISTORICAL them mercilessly on both occasions.
POINT OF VIEW
It was after the rebellion of the Sinhala youth in 1971
Although much has been written about Prabakaran that the Tamil youth were pushed towards rising up vio-
who may be considered the supreme leader of the lently for a state of their own. The rebellion of the Tamil
youth moved on in the form of a guerilla for nearly ten
Tamil political struggle in Sri Lanka, his role does not years in its first stage, and in the form of a terrible and face
to face war from 1990 to 2001. It was in this theatre of war
appear to have been analysed from a political point of view. that a Prabakaran comes into existence , grows up, and
emerges as an invincible military leader. He may be
He may be considered a unique fruit of the identity considered the greatest leader who created such a move-
ment after Vo Van ofVietnarn. He faced not only the army
crisis that Sri Lanka faces. Sri Lanka gained her inde- of Sri Lanka but also the army ofIndia which may be consi-
dered the most powerful army of the region and managed
pendence without shedding a single drop of blood. There to survive and to maintain his unique reputation as a
military leader.
lies the root of Sri Lanka's crisis. It is because Sri Lanka
Prabakaran considered Subhas Chandra Bose rather
gained her freedom without a struggle that she has had than Mahatma Gandhi as the more important leader amongst
the leaders of the Indian freedom struggle. While Mahatma
to bleed endlessly after gaining it. Gandhi was a leader who rejected all kinds of violence and
stood for non-violence, Subhas was a leader who rejec-
Uulike Sri Lanka, India gained freedom through a ted Mahatma Gandhi's non-violence and stood for an ideolo-
gy of violence. Although Subhas gave some dynamism to
massive non-violent struggle. The leaders of the people of India's freedom struggle, it was a Mahatma Gandhi who
determined its contours and path of progress. However,
India had to unite all the people who had been divided ( it may be said that Prabakaran who took the path of Subhas
went further than Subhas could.
by race, religion, caste and language ), in order to defeat
There was inthe 1930s inJaffna a generation of Tamil
the British imperialist dominance, and that unity crreated youth who had chosen Mahatma Gandhi's path rather
than Subhas Chandra Bose's. They had an extremely posi-
a united nation as required for the sustenance of a nation tive and bright political message for Sri Lanka. However
the parochial dominance of the day in Jaffna did not the
state on the one hand , and a state system that suited the Gandhian generation of that day. Although mercilessness
shown by Prabakaran in the war is not a quality to be admi-
majority and the variety that existed in India, on the other. red, it may be considered as the outcome of the merciless-
ness of the Sinhala dominance impeached on the Tamil
Sri Lanka, however, shifted to a nation state, without people. In the fInal analysis, it is this merciless leader who
will go down in history as the leader who had gained
building a united nation required for the sustenance of acceptance for the Tamil people. He succeeded in creating
a situation in which the state of Sri Lanka cannot survive
such a state. As no struggle was required to attain inde- without finding a just solution to the Tamil problem,

pendence there was also no need to bring together the Any armed struggle has to stop somewhere. That is
where the Tamil armed struggle has arrived now.It is not
people who had been divided easy for a person who has shown the path of armed strug-
gle and has stayed in that path for a long period of time
by race , caste, language and to change over to a path of peace. The future of the enti-
re Tamil struggle will depend on the decision taken by
religion. The state model that Prabakaran on that specific question.

was built up was also not one

that took into account the mul-

tiplicity and variety in the

country as was done in India.

The state model gave weightage Victor Ivon
to the majority race. the majori-

ty caste, the majority religion

and the majority language. Editor Ravaya,
The consequence was that the Journalist,
under-privileged minority com-

munities moved away from the Political

state and were pushed towards activist.

rebellion or to capture the state Sri Lanka.
or to create a separate state.

The first to rebel against the

existing state system in Sri

Lanka were not the Tamil youth but the under-privileged

village youth of the Sinhala society. They rose up in

97

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