พจนานุกรม ศัพท์ชาวเรือ

คํานํา
“พจนํานกุ รมศพั ทช์ ําวเรอื ” เลม่ นี้ เปน็ การรวบรวมคา ศพั ทจ์ ากคอลมั ภพ์ จนานกุ รมศพั ทช์ าวเรอื (Dictionary of Sea Terms) ทไี่ ดต้ พี มิ พไ์ วใ้ นนติ ยสารนาวกิ ศาสตร์ ตงั้ แต่ ปี พ.ศ. ๒๕๕๐ - ๒๕๖๓ ซงึ่ เขยี นโดย พลเรอื เอก ไพศาล นภสนิ ธวุ งศ์ มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อให้กาลังพลกองทัพเรือและบุคคลทั่วไปท่ีสนใจ ได้ศึกษาค้นคว้าหาความรู้ และทาความเข้าใจ ศัพท์ชาวเรือที่ใช้กันในทางสากล ทางกองบรรณาธิการนาวิกศาสตร์จึงได้รวบรวมจัดทาเป็นหนังสือ และหนังสือ อิเล็กทรอนิกส์ (E-book) ขึ้นมาเพื่อง่ายต่อการสืบค้นและศึกษาเรียนรู้ต่อไป
ในโอกาสนี้ ขอขอบพระคณุ พลเรอื เอก ไพศาล นภสนิ ธวุ งศ์ เปน็ อยา่ งสงู มา ณ ทนี่ ี้ ทไี่ ดก้ รณุ ามอบลขิ สทิ ธหิ์ นงั สอื เล่มนี้ให้กับกองทัพเรือ ซึ่งหวังเป็นอย่างยิ่งว่า “พจนํานุกรมศัพท์ชําวเรือ” เล่มนี้ จะให้ความรู้อันเป็นประโยชน์ แก่ผู้ที่สนใจ และเป็นหนังสือที่ทรงคุณค่าต่อการศึกษาค้นคว้าต่อไป
คณะผู้จัดทา กองบรรณาธิการนิตยสารนาวิกศาสตร์


สารบัญ พจนานุกรมศัพท์ชาวเรือ
A ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑ B ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๓๗ C ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๖๖ D ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๘๘ E ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๑๓ F ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๑๖ G ...........................................................................................................................................................................๑๑๙ H ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๒๖ I ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๓๒ J ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๓๘ K ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๔๑ L ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๔๕ M ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๕๕ N ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๖๓ O ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๗๐ P ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๗๙ Q ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๙๓ R ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๑๙๖ S ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๒๑๑ T ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๒๔๙ U ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๒๖๑ V ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๒๖๔ W ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๒๖๕ X ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๒๖๙ Y ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๒๖๙ Z ........................................................................................................................................................................... ๒๗๑










































































æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑åTM“«‡√◊Õ Dictionary of Sea Terms
æ≈‡√◊Õ‡Õ° ‰æ»“≈ π¿ ‘π∏ÿ«ß»å
battery control °“√§«∫§ÿ¡À¡àŸaóπ
√–∫∫°“√§«∫§ÿ¡°“√¬‘ߢÕßaÑÕ¡aóπ∑ÿ°TMπ‘¥∑’Ë¡’≈” °≈âÕß„°≈⇧’¬ß°—πÀ√◊ÕÀ¡Ÿàaóπ‡¥’¬«°—π √Ÿa·∫∫¢Õß°“√§«∫§ÿ¡ °“√¬‘ß®–‡aìπμ—«°”À𥧔 —Ëߧ«∫§ÿ¡°“√¬‘ß ‡TMàπ °“√¬‘ßTM૬
à«π√«¡ (collective) °“√¬‘ßTM૬‚¥¬μ√ß (divided) °“√¬‘ßTM૬ ‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡°”≈—߬‘ß (dispersed) ·≈–°“√¬‘ßTM૬ à«π√«¡‡æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡ (sector)
battle bill √“¬°“√ ∂“π’√∫
√“¬°“√Àπâ“∑’Ë„π°“√√∫¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫¢π“¥¢Õ߇√◊Õ Õ“«ÿ∏ a√–®”‡√◊Õ ·≈–√–«“ߢ—∫πÈ”
battle cruiser ‡√◊Õ≈“¥μ√–‡«π ߧ√“¡
‡√◊Õ≈“¥μ√–‡«π§«“¡‡√Á« Ÿß·μàÀÿ⡇°√“–∫“ß ¡’Õ”π“® ‡TM‘ß√ÿ°‡TMàπ‡¥’¬«°—∫‡√◊Õa√–®—≠∫“π æ—≤π“¢÷Èπ„TMâ‚¥¬√“TMπ“«’ Õ—ß°ƒ...°àÕπ ߧ√“¡‚≈°§√—Èß·√° ·¡â«à“®–‰¥â√—∫°“√ÕÕ°·∫∫‡æ◊ËÕ „TMâ„π°“√≈“¥μ√–‡«π ·μà√“TMπ“«’Õ—ß°ƒ...°Áπ”¡“„TMâ‡aìπ‡√◊Õ ≈“¥μ√–‡«π ߧ√“¡„π·π«√∫‡¡◊ËÕ¡’°“√√∫°—∫‡¬Õ√¡π’„π °“√¬∑ÿ ∏∑å ®Ë’ μ— ·≈π¥å §.».Ò ̆Òˆ ́ßË÷ ‰¥√â ∫— §«“¡‡ ¬’ À“¬Àπ°— μÕà ¡“ ‡√◊Õa√–‡¿∑π’ȉ¥â∂Ÿ°¬°‡≈‘°‰¡à¡’°“√ √â“ßÕ’°μàÕ‰a¿“¬À≈—ß®“° °“√æ—≤π“‡√◊Õa√–®—≠∫“𧫓¡‡√Á« Ÿß
battle dress TMÿ¥aÑÕß°—π‰ø·≈– –‡°Á¥√–‡∫‘¥
TMÿ¥ ́÷Ëß≈Ÿ°‡√◊Õ¢Õ߇√◊Õo‘«πÈ”„TMâ «¡„π°“√√∫‡æ◊ËÕaÑÕß°—π –‡°Á¥√–‡∫‘¥·≈–‡a≈«‰ø ‡¡◊ËÕ‡¢â“a√–®” ∂“π’√∫ (general quarters)
battle efficiency award √“ß«—≈a√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ°“√√∫
√“ß«≈— ∑¡Ë’ Õ∫„À·â °‡à √Õ◊ √∫À√Õ◊ Ωߟ ∫π‘ ¢Õß°Õ߇√Õ◊ a√–®”°“√
battle efficiency pennant ∏ßa√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ°“√√∫
∏߬“« ’·¥ß¡’«ß°≈¡ ’¥”TM—°¢÷Èπ∫π‡√◊Õ∑’ˉ¥â√—∫√“ß«—≈ a√– ‘∑∏‘¿“æ°“√√∫
·≈ß : meatball
battle group À¡«¥‡√◊Õ√∫
Àπ૬°”≈—ß√∫∑“߇√◊Õ ́÷Ëßa√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ‡√◊ÕÀ≈“¬ a√–‡¿∑¥â«¬°—π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√aØ‘∫—μ‘°“√∑“߇√◊Õ μ“¡a°μ‘a√–°Õ∫ ¥â«¬‡√◊Õ∫√√∑ÿ°‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π·≈–‡√◊Õo‘«πÈ”a√–‡¿∑μà“ß Ê Õ“®√«¡ ‡√◊Õ π—∫ πÿπ àß°”≈—ß∫”√ÿßÕ¬Ÿà¥â«¬
battle lantern μ–‡°’¬ß©ÿ°‡©‘π
μ–‡°’¬ß„TMâ·∫μ‡μÕ√’Ë ”À√—∫„TMâ„π¬“¡©ÿ°‡©‘π
battle light ‰øæ√“ß· ß ‰ø¬“¡√∫
‰ø ’·¥ß ≈—«„μ⥓¥øÑ“ ”À√—∫°“√ àÕß «à“߇∑à“∑’Ë ®”‡aìπ„π¢≥–æ√“߉ø¡◊¥ ‡aì§μ√—¡ ’·¥ß®–∑”„À⇰‘¥μ“¡◊¥


π“«‘°»“ μ√å
∫Õ¥TM—Ë«¢≥–πâÕ¬°«à“ ’Õ◊Ëπ ¥—ßπ—Èπ· ß ’·¥ßTM૬„Àâ°“√a√—∫ “¬μ“‡¢â“°—∫§«“¡¡◊¥‰¥â‡√Á«∑’Ë ÿ¥ ·≈–¡’o≈°√–∑∫μàÕ°“√¡Õß „π∑’Ë¡◊¥πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ ¡—¬°àÕπ„TMâμ–‡°’¬ß©ÿ°‡©‘π‰ø ’πÈ”‡ß‘π ́÷Ëß¡’
o≈‡ ’¬μàÕ°“√¡Õ߇ÀÁπ„π∑’Ë¡◊¥
battle port Ω“§√Õ∫Àπâ“μà“߇√◊Õ
Ω“§√Õ∫‚≈À–μ‘¥∫“πæ—∫„TMâ ”À√—∫aî¥TMàÕß√–∫“¬ Õ“°“»À√◊ÕÀπâ“μà“߇√◊Õ
battle ship ‡√◊Õa√–®—≠∫“π
̃Û
‡√◊Õ√∫o‘«πÈ”¡’√–«“ߢ—∫πÈ”¢π“¥„À≠à §«“¡‡√Á« ∑”°“√‰°≈ Õ“«∏ÿ ¢π“¥Àπ°— ¡°’ “√aÕÑ ß°π— μ«— ߟ μÕà Õ“«∏ÿ aπó √–‡∫¥‘ ·≈–μÕ√åaî‚¥ ¡’§«“¡ “¡“√∂§ß∑π∑–‡≈·≈– ¿“æÕ“°“»‰¥â¥’ ¡“° ∑πμàÕ°“√ Ÿâ√∫Õ—πÀπ—°Àπà«ß„π∑–‡≈ ®π∂◊Õ«à“‡aìπ‡√◊Õ∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà „π·π«√∫ (line - of - battle) À√◊Õ‡aìπ‡√◊ÕÀ≈—° (Capital ship) À≈—ß
ߧ√“¡‚≈°§√—Èß∑’Ë Õß ‡√◊Õ∫√√∑ÿ°‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π‰¥â‡¢â“¡“·∑π∑’ˇ√◊Õ a√–®≠— ∫“π ‡√Õ◊ a√–®≠— ∫“π∑¡Ë’ TM’ ÕË◊ ‡ ¬’ ß„π ߧ√“¡‚≈°§√ßÈ— ∑Ë’ Õß ‰¥â·°à ‡√◊ÕYamamoto ¢Õß≠’ËaÿÉπ ́÷Ë߇aìπ‡√◊Õ¡’¢π“¥„À≠à∑’Ë ÿ¥∂÷ß ̄, μ—π ‡√◊Õ Bismarck ¢Õ߇¬Õ√¡π’·≈–‡√◊ÕTM—Èπ Iowa ¢Õß
À√—∞Õ‡¡√‘°“ „TMâTM◊ËÕ¬àÕ«à“ BB
Ò.∑–‡≈∑’ˬ◊Ëπ‡¢â“‰a„π·oàπ¥‘π ́÷Ëß¡’≈—°...≥– à«π„À≠à ‡aìπ√Ÿa‚§âß ø“°∑–‡≈¡—°®–¡’§«“¡°«â“ß¡“°°«à“√–¬– ∑’Ë¡—𠇫Ⓡ¢â“‰a
Ú.ÀâÕß (Compartment) „πÀâÕß√–«“ß À√◊ÕÀâÕß°√– ́—∫ (Store) ́÷Ëßa°μ‘¡’§«“¡°«â“ß¡“°°«à“∑“ß≈÷°¢ÕßÀâÕß ‡TMàπ sick bay ÀâÕß欓∫“≈„π‡√◊Õ
BDS
‡aì𧔬àÕ¢Õß Battle Dressing Station §◊Õ ÀâÕßaØ‘∫—μ‘ °“√√∫‡≈Á° Ê ∫𥓥øÑ“∫‘π¢Õ߇√◊Õ∫√√∑ÿ°‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π
beach Ò. À“¥∑√“¬ Ú. À“¥ Û. TM“¬Ωíòß Ù. ‡°¬À“¥
Ò. À“¥∑√“¬À√◊ÕÀ“¥°√«¥ (shringle)
Ú. à«π¢ÕߢÕ∫Ωíòß∑’Ë®–∑”°“√¬°æ≈¢÷Èπ∫°
Û.„π∑“ß ¡ÿ∑√»“ μ√å À¡“¬∂÷ßæ◊Èπ∑’ËTM“¬Ωíòß∑’ËμàÕ
‡¢“â ‰a„π·oπà ¥π‘ ®π∂ß÷ ∫√‡‘ «≥∑¡’Ë °’ “√‡a≈¬’Ë π·a≈ß ¿“æ¿¡Ÿ »‘ “ μ√å °“¬¿“æÀ√◊Õ·π«∑’Ë¡’æ◊TM¢÷Èπ∂“«√
Ù. ‡aì𧔰√‘¬“ À¡“¬∂÷ßπ”‡√◊Õ¢÷Èπ‡°¬À“¥ (to run a vessel ashore)
on the beach ‡aìπ ”π«π À¡“¬∂÷ß TM“«‡√◊Õ∑’ˇ≈‘° ∑”ß“π∫π‡√◊Õ‡¥‘π∑–‡≈
beach capacity §«“¡®ÿ¢ÕßÀ“¥
a√‘¡“≥ —¡¿“√–«—¥‡aìπμ—π∑’Ë “¡“√∂¢π∂à“¬ÕÕ°®“° ‡√◊Õ¢÷ÈπÀ“¥‰¥â„πÀπ÷Ëß«—π √–À«à“ß°“√aØ‘∫—μ‘°“√ –‡∑‘ππÈ” –‡∑‘π∫° beachcomber §π®√®—¥a√–®”À“¥
°–≈“ ’‡√◊ÕÀ√◊Õ§π∑’Ë¢’ȇ°’¬® ‡ ‡æ≈ ·∑π∑’Ë®–À“ß“π∑” ́÷Ëß¡—°‡¥‘πÕ¬Ÿàμ“¡TM“¬À“¥¢Õ߇¡◊ÕßTM“¬∑–‡≈ ¡—°®–æ∫μ“¡ ∑à“‡√◊Õ„π‡¢μ√âÕπ ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ëß„π∫√‘‡«≥·a ́‘øî°
beach dump °√– ́—∫TM“¬À“¥
∑‡Ë’ °∫Á ¡— ¿“√–TM«Ë— §√“« ”À√∫— °“√aØ∫‘ μ— °‘ “√ –‡∑π‘ π”È –‡∑‘π∫°
(Õà“πμàÕ©∫—∫Àπâ“)
battle station
∂“π’√∫
‡aìπμ”·Àπàß∑’Ë∑À“√∑—ÈßÀ¡¥μâÕ߉aa√–®”μ“¡Àπâ“∑’Ë ¢Õßμπ ¡’§«“¡À¡“¬∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π°—∫ general quarters battle wagon ‡√◊Õa√–®—≠∫“π
‡aì𧔠·≈ߢÕ߇√◊Õa√–®—≠∫“π (battle ship)
baxter bolt πÕμ‡°≈’¬«
Õÿa°√≥å ”À√—∫¢—π„Àâ·πàπμ‘¥√“∫°—∫æ◊È𥓥øÑ“ „TMâ ”À√—∫¬÷¥Õ“°“»¬“π„Àâ·πàπ
ߟ √—»¡’
bay Ò. Õà“« Ú. ÀâÕ߇≈Á°„π‡√◊Õ


beat ·≈àπ°â“« („π°“√·≈àπ„∫)
°“√„TMâ„∫π”‡√◊Õ·≈àπ∑«π≈¡ ‚¥¬„TM⇢Á¡ ≈—∫‰a¡“ (zigzag course)
beaufort Notation a√–¡«≈‚∫øÕ√åμ
a√–¡«≈ (code) ∑’Ë°”Àπ¥‡√’¬° ¿“æ≈¡øÑ“ Õ“°“»Õ¬“à ß π—È Ê ‚¥¬°“√„TMμâ «— Õ°— ...√ ‡TMπà C = cloudy ( ¿“æ∑âÕßøÑ“∑’Ë¡’‡¡¶) 0 = overcast ( ¿“æ∑âÕßøÑ“ ∑¡’Ë ‡’ ¡¶a°§≈¡ÿ Ù „π ı «à π¢Õß∑Õâ ßø“Ñ À√Õ◊ ¡“°°«“à ) Beaufort Wind Scale ¡“μ√“≈¡·∫∫‚∫øÕ√åμ
¡“μ√“°”Àπ¥°”≈—ß≈¡‚¥¬„TMâμ—«‡≈¢·∑π a√–¥‘...∞å¢÷Èπ‚¥¬æ≈‡√◊Õ‡Õ° ‡´Õ√å ø√“π´‘ ‚∫øÕ√å¥ ·Ààß√“TMπ“«’Õ—ß°ƒ... „π §.».Ò¯¯ ‚¥¬°”Àπ¥„Àâ ≈¡¡’°”≈—ßμ—Èß·μà  ∂÷ß ÒÚ μàÕ¡“¡’°“√a√—∫a√ÿß
§√—Èß·√°„π §.».1905 ‚¥¬Dr.G.C.Simpgon ·≈– §√—Èß ÿ¥∑⓬‡¡◊ËÕ §.».Ò˘Úˆ‚¥¬°”À𥧫“¡‡√Á«≈¡ ‡¢â“¥â«¬ (¥Ÿ¡“μ√“≈¡‚∫øÕ√åμÀπâ“∂—¥‰a)
becket ∫à«ß‡TM◊Õ°
Àà«ß‡TM◊Õ°À√◊Õ‡TM◊Õ°≈«¥ ”À√—∫oŸ°a≈“¬ ‡TM◊Õ°Àπ÷Ë߇¢â“°—∫√Õ° ∫à«ß‡TM◊Õ°∑’Ëμ“¢à“¬ ”À√—∫¬°
‘π§â“¢÷Èπ - ≈߇√◊Õ
beef boat ‡√◊Õ‡ ∫’¬ß
‡aì𧔠·≈ß ”À√—∫‡√’¬°‡√◊Õ∫√√∑ÿ°‡ ∫’¬ß æ— ¥ÿ À√◊Õ‡√◊Õ ‘π§â“
æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑åTM“«‡√◊Õ Dictionary of Sea Terms
π“«‘°»“ μ√å
æ≈‡√◊Õ‡Õ° ‰æ»“≈ π¿ ‘π∏ÿ«ß»å
˜ı
æ®π“πÿ°√¡75-76
75
20/4/2009, 10:59


π“«‘°»“ μ√å
beep §«∫§ÿ¡°“√∫‘π®“°√–¬–‰°≈
§«∫§ÿ¡‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π ́÷Ëß∫—ߧ—∫‡¢â“À“‡aÑ“®“° √–¬–‰°≈À√◊Õ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π∑’ˉ√âπ—°∫‘π §π∑’Ë∑”Àπâ“∑’Ë §«∫§¡ÿ °“√∫ß— §∫— ‡√¬’ °«“à o§Ÿâ «∫§¡ÿ °“√∫π‘ √–¬–‰°≈ (beeper)
belay Ò. oŸ° Ú. ¬°‡≈‘°
Ò. §” —Ëß„ÀâoŸ°‡TM◊Õ° ‡TMàπ oŸ°‡TM◊Õ°‚¥¬æ—π ‡¢â“°—∫≈Ÿ°μπ (Cleat) À√◊Õæÿ° (ballard)
Ú.TM“«‡√◊Õ¡—°„TM⧔π’È„𧫓¡À¡“¬À¬ÿ¥
À√◊Õ¬°‡≈‘° ‡TMàπ „πa√–‚¬§«à“ 笰‡≈°‘ §” ßË— À≈ß— (belay the last order)
belaying pin À¡ÿ¥‡TM◊Õ°
¥ÿ é
·∑àß‚≈À–À√◊Õ‰¡â°≈¡¬“«„TMâ ”À√—∫o°Ÿ ‡TM◊Õ° a®í ®∫ÿ π— π„’È TMâ ”À√∫— o°Ÿ ‡TMÕ◊ °∏߇aπì √“«„πμ∏Ÿâ ßa√–¡«≈
̃ˆ
bell book (engineerûs) ¡ÿ¥ §” ßË— ®°— √
¡ÿ¥®¥∫—π∑÷°§” —Ëß®—°√ ́÷ËßÀâÕ߇§√◊ËÕ߉¥â√—∫®“° –æ“π
‡¥‘π‡√◊Õ
bell bottoms °“߇°ß¢“∫“π
‡§√ÕË◊ ß·∫∫°“߇°ß¢“¬“« ¢Õß∑À“√‡√◊Õ∑’Ë¡’a≈“¬∫“π‡aìπ
√Ÿa√–¶—ß
bell, (shipûs) √–¶—߇√◊Õ
∫π‡√◊Õ √–¶—߇√◊Õπ—∫‡aìπ ßË‘ ®”‡aπì „π°“√‡¥π‘ ‡√Õ◊ ∑–‡≈a°μ‘ √–¶ß— ‡√Õ◊ ®–¡a’ “°°«“â ߉¡πà Õâ ¬°«“à ÒÚ π‘È« ·≈–®–μâÕß·¢«π‰«â„π∑’Ë ‰¡àÕ—∫‡ ’¬ß √–¶—߇√◊Õ‡aìπ‡§√◊ËÕß ∫Õ°‡«≈“∑ÿ° Ê §√÷ËßTM—Ë«‚¡ß πÕ°®“°π—Èπ¬—ß„TMâμ’‡æ◊ËÕ· ¥ß
—≠≠“≥Õ—πμ√“¬ À√◊Õ —≠≠“≥À¡Õ°
fog bell „TMâμ’‡¡◊ËÕ‡√◊Õ∑Õ¥ ¡Õ·≈–¡’
À¡Õ°≈ß®–μâÕßμ’√—«∫àÕ¬ Ê
below Ò. „μâ Ú. „μ⥓¥øÑ“ Û. „μâπÈ”
Ò. ≈߉a¢â“ß„μâ (below down) Ú. „μ⥓¥øÑ“ (below deck) Û. „μâπÈ” (under water)
bench mark ®ÿ¥Õâ“ßÕ‘ß
∑’ËÀ¡“¬ ́÷Ëß°”Àπ¥μ”∫≈∑’Ë·πàπÕπ „TMâ‡aìπ ®ÿ¥Õâ“ßÕ‘ß„π°“√ ”√«® À√◊Õ„TMâ„π°“√a√—∫·μàß„ÀâÕ¬Ÿà „π·π«‡¥’¬«°—π ‡TMàπ °“√a√—∫·μàß·π«≈”°≈âÕßaóπ„Àâ Õ¬Ÿà„π·π«‡¥’¬«°—∫»Ÿπ¬åaóπ
(Õà“πμàÕ©∫—∫Àπâ“)
μ“√“ß Beaufort Wind Scale
æ®π“πÿ°√¡75-76 76 20/4/2009, 10:59


π“«‘°»“ μ√å
̃ı
barkentine/barquentine ‡√◊Õ„∫∫“√凧Áπ‰∑πå
barrier combat air patrol °“√∫‘π√∫√—°...“‡¢μ‡aìπ©“° ¢—¥¢«“ß
Àπ૬Փ°“»¬“π¢—∫‰≈àμ—Èß·μàÀπ÷ËßÀπ૬¢÷Èπ‰a ∑’Ë„TMâ ‡aìπ©“°¢—¥¢«“ß°“√‚®¡μ’¢Õߢâ“»÷°„π∑‘»∑“ß∑’ËÕ“®‡aìπ‰a‰¥â ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ „TMâ¬àÕ«à“ BARCAP
barrier reef ·π«a–°“√—ßπÕ°TM“¬Ωòíß
TM◊ËÕ∑’Ë„TMâ‡√’¬°·π«a–°“√—ßπÕ°TM“¬Ωíòß ́÷Ëß·¬°ÕÕ°®“° ·oàπ¥‘π¥â«¬TMàÕß·§∫ À√◊Õ∑–‡≈ “∫√‘¡∑–‡≈ (lagoon) ‡√’¬°‡æ◊ËÕ „Àâ·μ°μà“ß®“°·π«a–°“√—ßTM“¬Ωíòß (fringing reef)
basegram “√∞“π∑—æ
¢à“« “√∑—Ë«‰a∑’Ë àߥ⫬«‘∏’°“√μà“ß Ê ‡TMàπ “¡“√∂ àß ‚¥¬∑“ߧ≈◊Ëπ«‘∑¬ÿ À√◊Õ∑“߉a√...≥’¬å ‡aìπμâπ
base line/baseline extension ‡ âπ∞“π/‡ âπ¢¬“¬∞“π
à«π‚§âߢÕß«ß„À≠à (great circle) ∑’Ë≈“°oà“π ∂“π’ ≈Õ·√π Õß·Ààß ‡√◊Õ∑’ˇ¢â“¡“Õ¬Ÿà∫π‡ âπ‚§âßπ’È À√◊Õ„°≈â ‡ âπ‚§âßπ’È ®–‰¡à “¡“√∂„TMâ ∂“π’∑—Èß ÕßÀ“∑’ˇ√◊Õ‰¥â
base loading °“√∫√√∑ÿ° —¡¿“√–
°“√∫√√∑ÿ° —¡¿“√–≈߇√◊Õ‡æ◊ËÕπ” àß∞“π∑—æÀ√◊ÕÀ¡«¥ ‡√◊Õ àß°”≈—߇æ‘Ë¡‡μ‘¡„π∑–‡≈ ‡√’¬°‡æ◊ËÕ„Àâ·μ°μà“ß®“°∫√√∑ÿ°√∫ (combat loading)
‡√◊Õ„∫ Û ‡ “ ‡ “Àπâ“ (foremast) ¢÷ß„∫μ“¡¢«“ß
‡ “À≈—° (mainmast) ·≈–‡ “∑⓬ (mizzen mast) ¢÷ß„∫μ“¡ ≈”‡√◊Õbarnacles ‡æ√’¬ß
—μ«å∑–‡≈¡’‡a≈◊Õ°·¢Áß ́÷Ë߇°“–μ‘¥·≈–‡μ‘∫‚μ∫π«—μ∂ÿ ‡π◊ÈÕ·¢Áß∑’Ëo‘«πÈ” À√◊Õ„μâo‘«πÈ” ‚¥¬‡©æ“–Õ¬à“߬‘Ëß∑’Ëμ—«‡√◊Õ ‡æ√’¬ß ¡’o≈°√–∑∫μàÕ§«“¡‡√Á«¢Õ߇√◊ÕÕ¬à“߇ÀÁπ‰¥âTM—¥
barnacle paint ’°—π‡æ√’¬ß
’∑“∑âÕ߇√◊Õ‡æ◊ËÕ°—π‡æ√’¬ß„πaí®®ÿ∫—π„TMâ ’∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“ Antifouling paint
barograph ∫“‚√°√“ø
Õÿa°√≥å∫—π∑÷°§«“¡°¥Õ“°“»Õ¬à“ßμàÕ‡π◊ËÕß‚¥¬ Õμ— ‚π¡μ— ‘ ®–‡aπì ·∫∫„TMaâ √Õ∑ À√Õ◊ ·∫∫„TMμâ ≈∫— ‚≈À– (aneroid) °‰Á ¥â ∫“‚√°√“ø∑’Ëπ‘¬¡„TMâ„πß“π‡√◊Õ‡aìπ·∫∫ Aneroidograph barometer ∫“√Õ¡‘‡μÕ√å
Õÿa°√≥å«—¥§«“¡°¥Õ“°“» Õ“®‡aìπ·∫∫a√Õ∑∫√√®ÿ „πÀ≈Õ¥·°â« À√◊Õ·∫∫μ≈—∫ Ÿ≠≠“°“»
à«π


π“«‘°»“ μ√å
̃ˆ
base, naval ∞“π∑—æ‡√◊Õ
∞“π∑—æ∫π∫° ”À√—∫∫√‘À“√®—¥°“√°“√ àß°”≈—ß∫”√ÿß „Àâ·°à°Õ߇√◊ÕaØ‘∫—μ‘°“√ À√◊Õ°“√ π—∫ πÿπÕ◊Ëπ Ê
base speed §«“¡‡√Á«‡¢Á¡À≈—°
§«“¡‡√Á«≈—æ∏å¢Õ߇√◊Õμ“¡·π«‡¢Á¡À≈—° ‡¡◊ËÕ‡√◊Õ∂◊Õ∑⓬ ·∫∫°“√π”‡√◊ÕÀ≈∫À≈’° ‡TMàπ °“√‡¥‘π‡√◊Õ ́‘°· ́Á°
basic naval establishment plan ·oπ°“√®—¥°”≈—ß∑“߇√◊Õ
·oπ°“√®—¥°”≈—ß∑“߇√◊Õ„πaïaí®®ÿ∫—π À¡“¬√«¡∂÷ß √–¥∫— °”≈ß— °“√„TM°â Õß°”≈ß— a√–®”°“√ ¡√√∂π–°”≈ß— æ≈ ¿“«– °“√Ωñ°√–¥—∫TM—È𧫓¡æ√âÕ¡ ‡aìπμâπ ∑’ËμâÕß√—°...“„Àâ§ß‰«â„𠬓¡ ß∫ °√¡¬ÿ∑∏°“√∑À“√‡√◊Õ (¢Õß À√—∞ œ) ®—¥∑”‡æ◊ËÕ¢Õ §«“¡‡ÀÁπTMÕ∫®“°√—∞¡πμ√’«à“°“√∑∫«ß∑À“√‡√◊Õ (SECNAV) basic test battrey TMÿ¥∑¥ Õ∫æÈ◊π∞“π
TMÿ¥∑¥ Õ∫∑’Ë √â“ߢ÷Èπ‡æ◊ËÕ«—¥√–¥—∫‡TM“«πåaí≠≠“ §«“¡ ∂π—¥ ·≈–»—°¬¿“æ¢Õßæ≈∑À“√ μàÕ¡“∂Ÿ°·∑π∑’Ë‚¥¬TMÿ¥∑¥ Õ∫ ∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“ TMÿ¥∑¥ Õ∫§«“¡∂π—¥∑“ßÕ“TM’æ∑À“√ basin Ò. ·ÕàßπÈ” Ú. ·Õàß Û. ÕàŸ‡√◊Õ
Ò. ∫√‘‡«≥æ◊Èπ¥‘π√Õ∫ Ê ·¡àπÈ”¢π“¥„À≠à ́÷Ëß¡’°√–· πÈ”‰À≈≈߇¢â“‰a ‡TMàπ Amazon Basin
Ú. ∫√‘‡«≥æ◊Èπo‘«‚≈°∑’ËμË”°«à“æ◊Èπ∑’ËÕ◊Ëπ Ê ¢Õß‚≈° ‡TMàπ Pacific Basin À√◊Õ Mediteranian Basin ‡aìπμâπ
Û. ∫√‘‡«≥Ωíòß∑’˧≈⓬Õà“ß „TMâ∑Õ¥®Õ¥‡√◊Õ ¢π∂à“¬ ‘π§â“À√◊Õ ́àÕ¡‡√◊Õ
bathy conductograph ‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ«—¥°“√π”‰øøÑ“μ“¡TMÈ—𠧫“¡≈÷°¢ÕßπÈ”
Õÿa°√≥å«—¥§à“°“√π”‰øøÑ“¢ÕßπÈ”∑–‡≈∑’ËTM—È𧫓¡≈÷° μà“ß Ê „π¢≥–‡√◊Õ‡¥‘π
bathymetric chart ·oπ∑’Ë· ¥ßTM—È𧫓¡≈÷°¢ÕßπÈ”
·oπ∑·’Ë ¥ß§«“¡≈°÷ ¢ÕßπÈ”‚¥¬„TM‡â πâ §«“¡≈°÷ ‡∑“à ·≈– §«“¡·μ°μà“ߢÕß ’ bottom contour chart °Á‡√’¬°
bathymetry °“√«¥— §≥ÿ ¡∫μ— ¢‘ Õß∑–‡≈μ“¡§«“¡≈°÷ ¢ÕßπÈ”
°“√«—¥§«“¡≈÷°πÈ” Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ §«“¡‡§Á¡ ‡aìπμâπ
bathythermograph ‡§√Ë◊Õß¡◊Õ«—¥Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘μ“¡TM—È𧫓¡ ≈÷°¢ÕßπÈ”
Õÿa°√≥åÀ¬—Ëߧ«“¡≈÷°·≈–«—¥Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ ‡æ◊ËÕ„À≥â Õ≥ÿ À¿¡Ÿ ¢‘ ÕßπÈ”∑TM’Ë π—È §«“¡≈°÷ μ“à ß Ê ¢≥–∑‡’Ë √Õ◊ ∑Õ¥ ¡Õ‡√Õ◊ ¢≥– ‡√◊Õ‡¥‘π „TMâ¬àÕ«à“ BT
battalion Landing team °Õßæ—π¬°æ≈¢÷Èπ∫°
°Õß°”≈—ß√–¥—∫°Õßæ—π®—¥μ—Èߢ÷Èπ‡aìπ摇»... ”À√—∫°“√ ¬°æ≈¢÷Èπ∫°
batten ‰¡â / ‡À≈°Á ¢π“∫
·∂∫‚≈À–À√◊Õ·oàπ‰¡â∫“ß Ê ·§∫ Ê „TMâa√–‚¬TMπå À≈“¬Õ¬à“ß‚¥¬‡©æ“–°“√μ√÷ßoâ“πÈ”¡—π (tarpaulins) ∑’˧≈ÿ¡ a“°√–«“ß À√◊Õ„TMâ¢π“∫¢Õ∫À≈—ß„∫‡√◊Õ„Àâ·¢Áß·√ß
batten down aî¥/¬÷¥„Àâ·πàπ
§≈¡ÿ À√Õ◊ ¬¥÷ „À·â ππà a¥î a“°√–«“ßÀ√Õ◊ a√–μoŸ π°÷ πÈ”‡TMπà a√–‚¬§«à“ aÀâ¡‘¥TM‘¥®“° ¿“æÕ“°“»‡≈« (Batten down for heavy weather)
battery Ò. À¡Ÿàaóπ‡√◊Õ Ú. À¡âÕ‡°Á∫‰øøÑ“
Ò. À¡Ÿàaóπ‡√◊Õ∑’Ë¡’≈”°≈âÕß¢π“¥‡¥’¬«°—π À√◊Õ„TMâ„π «—μ∂ÿa√– ߧ凥’¬«°—π ‡TMàπ À¡ŸàaóπÀ≈—° À¡Ÿàaóπ‡aÑ“o‘«πÈ” À¡ŸàaóπμàÕ ŸâÕ“°“»¬“π
Ú. À¡âÕ‰øøÑ“ ÕßÀ¡âÕÀ√◊Õ¡“°°«à“μàÕ‡¢â“¥â«¬°—π ‰¡à«à“®–μàÕ·∫∫Õπÿ°√¡À√◊Õ¢π“π „π‡√◊Õ¥”πÈ”À¡“¬∂÷ß À¡âÕ‡°Á∫‰øøÑ“À≈—° (main battery)
(Õà“πμàÕ©∫—∫Àπâ“)


æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑åTM“«‡√◊Õ Dictionary of Sea Terms
π“«‘°»“ μ√å
æ≈‡√◊Õ‡Õ° ‰æ»“≈ π¿ ‘π∏ÿ«ß»å
beach exit ∑“ߢ÷Èπ∫°®“°TM“¬À“¥
‡≈âπ∑“ß∑’Ë„TMâ≈”‡≈’¬ß°”≈—ßæ≈·≈– —¡¿“√– ®“°À“¥‡¢â“‰a„π·oàπ¥‘π
beach group (naval) æ«°®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫TM“¬À“¥ ∑“ß∑À“√‡√◊Õ
Àπ૬¢Õß°Õß∑—æ‡√◊Õ∑’Ë®—¥‡μ√’¬¡°”≈—ßæ≈ ‡√◊Õ∫¥ ·≈–Õÿa°√≥åμà“ß Ê ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ √‘¡Àπ૬ ®—¥√–‡∫’¬∫TM“¬Ωíòß„π°“√aÆ‘∫—μ‘°“√ –‡∑‘ππÈ”
–‡∑‘π∫°
beach head À—«À“¥
∑’ËÀ¡“¬·√°¢Õß°Õß°”≈—߬°æ≈¢÷Èπ∫° ́÷Ëß ‡aìπ à«πÀπ÷ËߢÕßÀ“¥¢Õߢâ“»÷°Õ—π‡aìπ‡aÑ“À¡“¬ ¢Õß°“√aØ‘∫—μ‘°“√ –‡∑‘ππÈ” –‡∑‘π∫°
beach marker ‡§√◊ËÕßÀ¡“¬À“¥
aÑ“¬ ’À√◊ÕÕÿa°√≥å∑’Ë„TMâ„π°“√°”Àπ¥ μ”·ÀπàߢÕßÀ“¥∑’Ë®–∑”°“√¬°æ≈¢÷Èπ∫° ”À√—∫ ¬“π‚®¡μ’„π°“√¬°æ≈¢÷Èπ∫°
beachmaster oâŸ∫—ߧ—∫À“¥
π“¬∑À“√∑’Ë∫—ߧ—∫∫—≠TM“°“√ àß°”≈—ß∫”√ÿß ∫πÀ“¥À≈—ß®“°∑’Ë “¡“√∂¬÷¥À—«À“¥‰¥â‚¥¬ ¡∫Ÿ√≥å ·≈â«
beach minefield π“¡∑àÿπ√–‡∫‘¥TM“¬À“¥
π“¡∑ÿàπ√–‡∫‘¥∑’Ë«“߉«â„π‡¢μπÈ”μ◊Èπμ“¡ ∑“߇¢â“‰a ŸàÀ“¥∑’ËÕ“®„TMâ„π°“√¬°æ≈¢÷Èπ∫°
̄Ò


π“«‘°»“ μ√å
beach party (amphibious) Àπ૬aØ‘∫—μ‘ß“π TM“¬À“¥ ( –‡∑‘ππÈ” –‡∑‘π∫°)
Àπ૬∑À“√‡√◊Õ∑’Ë∑”°“√μ√«®μ√“∫πΩíòß μ√«®μ√“‡√◊Õ‡≈Á° ”√«®√àÕßπÈ”·≈–°Ÿâ¬“π∑’Ë„TM⬰æ≈ ¢÷Èπ∫° ‡aìπμâπ
beach patrol °“√≈“¥μ√–‡«πTM“¬À“¥
°“√≈“¥μ√–‡«π∫πÀ“¥‡æ◊ËÕ‡μ◊Õπ¿—¬„Àâ·°à ‡√◊Õ·≈–„π¿“«– ߧ√“¡‡æ◊ËÕaÑÕß°—π°“√°àÕ «‘π“»°√√¡·≈–¢π¢Õ߇∂◊ËÕπ¢÷Èπ∫°
beach survey °“√ ”√«®À“¥
°“√√«∫√«¡¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë∫Õ°„Àâ∑√“∫∂÷ß ≈—°...≥–°“¬¿“æ¢ÕßÀ“¥ ́÷Ë߇aìπæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’Ë¡’·π«‡¢μ a√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ·π«TM“¬Ωíòß ‡ âπ¢ÕßΩíòß∑–‡≈ ·≈–·π« aï° μ“¡∏√√¡TM“μ‘
beacon °√–‚®¡
Õÿa°√≥åTM૬„π°“√‡¥‘π‡√◊Õ„π°“√∫Õ° μ”·ÀπàߢÕ߇√◊Õ À√◊ÕÕ“°“»¬“π Õ“®‡aìπ —≠≠“≥ ‰ø ‡√¥“√å «‘∑¬ÿ °”Àπ¥∑’ËÀ¡“¬∑“ß«‘∑¬ÿ «—¥√–¬– ¥«â ¬«∑‘ ¬ÿ À≈°— π”§Ÿà (two - marker) À√Õ◊ · ßÕπ‘ ø√“‡√¥ beacon, fan marker ‡§√◊ËÕß àß —≠≠“≥∫Õ° μ”·Àπßà ·π«¥ß‘Ë
‡§√◊ËÕß àß —≠≠“≥«‘∑¬ÿ∫Õ°μ”·ÀπàߢÕß ‡§√◊ËÕß∫‘π àß≈ß„π·π«¥‘Ëß„π≈—°...≥–§≈’ËÕÕ°·∫∫æ—¥ beam Ò. §«“¡°«â“ß Ú. §“π¢«“ß
Ò. à«π∑’Ë°«â“ß∑’Ë ÿ¥¢Õ߇√◊Õ«—¥μ“¡¢«“ß≈” ‡√◊Õ (greatest atwart ship)
Ú. „π°“√ √â“߇√◊Õ‰¡â §“π‰¡â„π·π«√–¥—∫ ∑’Ë„TM⢫“ߥ“¥øÑ“ ‡√’¬°«à“ ∫’¡‡√◊Õ
‡√◊Õ∑’ˇՒ¬ß‰a‡aìπ¡ÿ¡¡“°°«à“ ̆ Õß»“ ‡√’¬°«à“ ‡√◊Õμ–·§ß (to be on her beam ends)
on the beam À√◊Õ abeam §◊Õ«—μ∂ÿ∑’Ë ¡Õ߇ÀÁπ„π·π«¥â“π¢â“߇√◊Õμ—Èß©“°°—∫·π«À—«‡√◊Õ › ∑⓬‡√◊Õ (fore and off line)
beam rider Õ“«ÿ∏π”«‘∂’¥â«¬≈”§≈Ë◊π
Õ“«ÿ∏a≈àÕ¬π”«‘∂’∑’Ëæÿàßμ“¡≈”§≈◊Ëπ Õ‘‡≈Á°∑√Õπ‘° å‰a¬—߇aÑ“À¡“¬
beam width §«“¡°«â“ߢÕß≈”§≈◊Ëπ
≈—°...≥–‡©æ“–∑’Ë ”§—≠¢Õß°“√ àߧ≈◊Ëπ ‡√¥“√å∑’Ë¡’o≈μàÕ§«“¡∂°Ÿ μâÕߢÕß·∫√‘Ëß∑’Ë«—¥‚¥¬‡√¥“√å bean rag ∏ßæ—°√—∫a√–∑“πÕ“À“√
‡aì𧔠·≈ß ‡¡◊ËÕ∏ßTM—°¢÷Èπ‡«≈“‡√“®Õ¥∑’Ë ∑à“‡√◊Õ · ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ«à“≈Ÿ°‡√◊Õ°”≈—ß√—∫a√–∑“πÕ“À“√ ‰¡à¡’°“√aØ‘∫—μ‘ß“π„¥ Ê πÕ°®“°°“√∑”§«“¡ ‡§“√æμ“¡a°μ‘
bear Õ¬Ÿà„π∑‘»∑“ß/‡≈Áßμ√ß∑‘»
Õ¬Ÿà„π∑‘»∑“ß®“°oŸâμ√«®À√◊Õ®“°‡√◊Õ‰a¬—ß «—μ∂ÿ/‡aÑ“À¡“¬ °≈à“«‡aìπ∑‘»‡¢Á¡∑‘»À√◊Õ∑‘»∑“ß —¡æ—∑∏å (relative) °—∫·π«À—«‡√◊Õ › ∑⓬‡√◊Õ ‡TMàπ a√–¿“§“√Õ¬„Ÿà π∑»‘ Ùı Õß»“ (The lighthouse bears
045 degrees)
bear a hand ‡√àß¡◊Õ‡¢â“
a°μ‘‡aìπ§”¢Õ√âÕߧ«“¡TM૬‡À≈◊Õ ·≈–¢Õ „Àâ∑”¥â«¬§«“¡√«¥‡√Á«
bear away °“√‡≈È’¬«À≈∫≈¡
°“√À¡ÿπæ—ßß“‡æ◊ËÕ‡≈’Ȭ«À√◊ÕÀ≈∫≈¡
bearing Ò. ∑‘»∑“ß/·∫√Ë‘ß
∑‘»∑“ßÀ√◊Õμ”·ÀπàߢÕ߇aÑ“À¡“¬À√◊Õ «μ— ∂®ÿ “° oμŸâ √«® ‚¥¬°”Àπ¥‡aπì μ«— ‡≈¢ “¡μ«— ®“° ∑»‘ ‡ÀπÕ◊  μ“¡‡¢¡Á π“Ã°î “‰a®π§√∫ Ûˆ Õß»“ ∑‘»∑“ß®√‘ß«—¥®“° ∑‘»‡Àπ◊Õ®√‘ß∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘»“ μ√å à«π ∑‘»∑“ß —¡æ—∑∏å«—¥®“°À—«‡√◊ÕÀ√◊ÕÀ—«Õ“°“»¬“π bearing circle «ß‡¢Á¡∑‘»/«ß·∫√‘Ëß
«ß·À«π§√Õ∫∫π‡¢Á¡∑‘»À√◊Õ‡¢Á¡∑‘»¬àÕ¬ ‚¥¬«—¥∑‘»∑“ßoà“π∑’ËÀ¡“¬∑“߇ âπ‡≈Áß ∂â“μ‘¥μ—Èß Õÿa°√≥å«—¥∑‘»∑“ß®√‘ߢÕß«—μ∂ÿ∑âÕßøÑ“‰«â¥â«¬ ‡√’¬° «à“«ß·Õ ́‘¡—∑ ∂â“μ‘¥μ—Èß°≈âÕ߇≈Áߢ¬“¬·∑π‡ âπ‡≈Áß ‡√’¬°«à“ «ß·∫√‘Ëßa√–°Õ∫°≈âÕߢ¬“¬
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π“«‘°»“ μ√å
æ®π“πÿ°√¡»—æ∑åTM“«‡√◊Õ Dictionary of Sea Terms
æ≈‡√◊Õ‡Õ° ‰æ»“≈ π¿ ‘π∏ÿ«ß»å
bend on Ò. oŸ°¡—¥ Ú. ‡√àß
Ò.°“√¡¥— ¢Õß ß‘Ë Àπß÷Ë ‡¢“â °∫— ¢ÕßÕ°’ ß‘Ë Àπß÷Ë ‡TMπà °“√ oŸ°∏߇¢â“°—∫ “¬TM—°∏ß
Ú. ‡√àߧ«“¡‡√Á« ‡TMàπ ‡√àßÕ’° Ò √Õ∫ À¡“¬§«“¡ «à“‡æ‘Ë¡§«“¡‡√Á«„∫®—°√Õ’° Ò √Õ∫μàÕπ“∑’
bends ‚√§‡°‘¥®“°øÕßÕ“°“»„π‡≈◊Õ¥
Õ“°“√Õ—¡æ“μÀ√◊Õμ–§√‘«∑’ˇ°‘¥·°àa√–¥“πÈ” ‡°¥‘ ®“°øÕߢÕß°“ä ́‰π‚μ√‡®π„π°√–· ‡≈Õ◊ ¥¡°— ‡°¥‘ ¢πÈ÷ ‡¡ÕË◊ √“à ß°“¬‰¥√â ∫— §«“¡¥π— ¡“° Ê À√Õ◊ ≈¥§«“¡¥π— ‡√«Á ‡°π‘ ‰a ‡√¬’ ° Õ¬à“߉¡à‡aìπ∑“ß°“√«à“‚√§μ—«ßÕ (the bends) à«πTM◊ËÕ‡aìπ ∑“ß°“√‡√’¬°«à“ Diverûs palsy À√◊Õ Caisson desease benthic division °“√·∫àß à«πæ◊Èπ∑âÕß∑–‡≈
°“√·∫ßà «à π¢Õß∑–‡≈√«¡∂ß÷ æπ◊È ∑Õâ ß∑–‡≈ «à π¬Õà ¬ §◊Õ ‡¢μ„°≈âΩíòß (littoral) √«¡∂÷ßπÈ”∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ßπÈ”¢÷Èπ‰a®π∂÷ß §«“¡≈÷° Ú ‡¡μ√ À√◊Õ∑’Ë¢Õ∫‰À≈à∑«’a·≈–‡¢μ∑–‡≈≈÷° √«¡∂ß÷ π“à ππ”È ÕπË◊ Ê ∑ßÈ— À¡¥ ‡¢μÕ◊πË Ê §Õ◊ TM“¬Ωßòí (eulittoral) ∂ß÷ TM“¬Ωßòí (sublittoral) πÕ°TM“¬Ωßòí (archibenthic) ·≈–æπÈ◊ ∑Õâ ß ∑–‡≈≈°÷ (abyssalbenthic)
BEQ
‡aπì §”¬Õà ¢Õß Bachelor Enlisted Quarters Õ“§“√ æ—°π“¬∑À“√a√–∑«π‚ ¥
berg
‡aπì §”¬Õà ¢Õßiceberg¿‡Ÿ ¢“πÈ”·¢ßÁ ∑≈’Ë Õ¬Õ¬„Ÿà π∑–‡≈ ‡aìπ°âÕππÈ”·¢Áß¢π“¥„À≠à‰À≈≈Õ¬ÕÕ°∑–‡≈ ÿ¥·μà°√–· πÈ”À√◊Õ°√–· ≈¡
bergy - bit °âÕππÈ”·¢Áß¢π“¥°≈“ß
°âÕππÈ”·¢Áߢπ“¥a“π°≈“ß∑’Ë≈Õ¬Õ¬Ÿà„π∑–‡≈ à«π ¢π“¥∑’ˇ≈Á°°«à“π’ȇ√’¬°«à“ growlers
berm —π∑√“¬
‡π‘π∑√“¬·§∫ Ê ∑’ˬ°‡aìπ·π«¬“«μ“¡ “¬πÈ” À√◊ÕTM“¬À“¥ ́÷Ë߇°‘¥®“°§≈◊Ëπ∑’Ëæ—¥®“°∑–‡≈‡¢â“ ŸàÀ“¥ Berne List ∑”‡π¬’ ∫TMÕ◊Ë ‡√Õ◊ /¢“à ¬°“√ Õ◊Ë “√
Àπ—ß ◊Õ∑’Ë¡’√“¬°“√TM◊ËÕ‡√◊Õæ√âÕ¡°—∫π“¡‡√’¬°¢“π “°≈ ∂“π’«‘∑¬ÿ ‡aìπμâπ ®—¥∑”‚¥¬ À¿“æ°“√ ◊ËÕ “√ “°≈
́÷Ëßμ—ÈßÕ¬Ÿà„πa√–‡∑» «‘μ‡ ́Õ√å·≈π¥å
berth Ò. ∑’ËπÕπ Ú. ∑’ˮե‡√◊Õ Û. Õ“»—¬Õ¬Ÿà Ù. Àπâ“∑’Ë ß“π„π‡√Õ◊
¿“æ· ¥ß∑’Ëæ—°Õ“»—¬¢Õß∑À“√„π‡√◊Õ (berth) ·≈–∑’ËπÕπ (bunk)
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π“«‘°»“ μ√å
Ò. ∑’Ë ”À√—∫πÕπ∫π‡√◊Õ (bunk)
Ú. ∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë ”À√—∫‡√◊ÕoŸ°‡∑’¬∫‡√◊Õ∑‘Èß ¡Õ
Û. Õ“»—¬Õ¬ŸàÀ√◊Õæ—°Õ¬Ÿà ‡TMàπ „πÀâÕß∑“ßÀ—«‡√◊Õ
(He is berthing in the forward compartment)
Ù. Àπâ“∑’Ë∑’ˉ¥â√—∫¡Õ∫À¡“¬ (duty assignment)
¡’§«“¡À¡“¬‡TMàπ‡¥’¬«°—∫ billet
between decks or tween decks ¥“¥øÑ“∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà√–À«à“ß ¥“¥øÑ“∫π°—∫¥“¥øÑ“≈à“ß
„π‡√◊Õ∑’Ë¡’¡“°°«à“Àπ÷Ëߥ“¥øÑ“ À¡“¬∂÷ß ∑’Ë«à“ß √–À«à“ߥ“¥øÑ“∫π°—∫¥“¥øÑ“≈à“ß TM“«‡√◊Õπ‘¬¡‡√’¬° —Èπ Ê «à“ tween decks
between wind and water or betwixt wind and water Ò. ∫√‘‡«≥‡ âπ·π«πÈ” Ú. ∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë≈àÕ·À≈¡
Ò. à«π¢Õ߇√◊Õ∑’ˇ âπ·π«πÈ” (the load water line) ́ß÷Ë ‚¥π≈¡·≈–πÈ” ≈∫— °π— ‡¡Õ◊Ë ‡√Õ◊ ‡Õ¬’ ߢ“â ߇Õ¬’ ߇«≈“‡≈¬’È «À√Õ◊ ‚§≈ß
Ú. ∂Ⓡ√◊Õ∂Ÿ°¬‘ß∫√‘‡«≥π’È ¡’‚Õ°“ ‡aìπÕ—πμ√“¬ ¡“°°«à“∂Ÿ°¬‘ß∑’Ë à«πÕ◊Ëπ ¥—ßπ—Èπ«≈’π’È®÷ß¡’§«“¡À¡“¬«à“ ∫√‘‡«≥∑’Ë≈àÕ·À≈¡
bight Ò. Õà“«‡≈Á° Ú. à«π°≈“ߢÕ߇TM◊Õ° Û. Àà«ß‡TM◊Õ° Ù. μ°∑’Ëπ—Ëß≈”∫“°
Ò. Õà“«‡≈Á° Ê ∫√‘‡«≥·π«TM“¬Ωíòß∑’ˇ«â“‡¢â“‰a À√◊Õ „π·π«μ≈‘ËߢÕß·¡àπÈ”∑’ˇ«â“‡¢â“‰a
Ú. à«π°≈“ߢÕ߇TM◊Õ° ‡√’¬°„Àâ·μ°μà“߉a®“° À“߇TM◊Õ° (end) ·≈–μâπ‡TM◊Õ° (standing part)
Û. Àà«ß‡TM◊Õ° ≈«¥ À√◊Õ‚ ́à
Ù. ·≈ß : μ°Õ¬„Ÿà π ¿“æ≈”∫“° (caught in a bight)
bilge Ò. ∑âÕ߇√◊Õ Ú. ‚§âß∑âÕ߇√◊Õ
Ò. ∑âÕ߇√◊Õ¥â“π∑’ËÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„πμ—«‡√◊Õ ‡aìπ à«π≈à“ß ÿ¥ ¢Õßμ—«‡√◊Õ ‡¡◊ËÕ‡√◊Õ‡°¬μ◊Èπ ‡√◊Õ®–«“ßμ—«Õ¬Ÿà∫π à«ππ’È
Ú. ∑âÕ߇√◊Õ à«π„À≠à¡’≈—°...≥–‡aìπ°√–æÿâß√–À«à“ß ¢â“߇√◊Õ°—∫°√–¥Ÿ°ßŸ
bilged ∂Ⓡ√◊Õ∂Ÿ° bilged À¡“¬∂÷ßπÈ”‡¢â“‡√◊Õ ‡π◊ËÕß®“°∑âÕ߇√◊Õ‡ ’¬À“¬ ‡TMà𠇫≈“‡°¬μ◊Èπ ‡aìπμâπ Õ’°§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ” ·≈ß À¡“¬∂÷ß ‰¡àoà“π°“√ Õ∫ bilge blocks À¡Õπ√Õß∑Õâ ߇√Õ◊ /À¡Õπ√Õß‚§ßâ ∑Õâ ߇√Õ◊
‰¡âÀ¡Õπ√Õß∑âÕ߇√◊Õμ“¡°√–æ—ߢÕ߇√◊Õ ‡æ◊ËÕæ¬ÿß ‡√◊Õ‡¡◊ËÕ‡√◊ÕÕ¬Ÿà„πÕŸà·Àâß
bilge keels (chocks) §√∫’ °π— ‚§≈ß
§√’∫ à«π‚§âߢÕß∑âÕ߇√◊Õ ¡’‰«â ”À√—∫≈¥°“√‚§≈ß ¢Õ߇√Õ◊ (antirolling chocks)
bilge pump ‡§√◊ËÕß Ÿ∫πÈ”∑âÕ߇√◊Õ
‡§√Õ◊Ë ß ∫Ÿ πÈ” ”À√∫— ∫Ÿ πÈ”∑Õâ ߇√Õ◊ (bilge water) ÕÕ° ‰aπÕ°‡√◊Õ
bilge ways ·§√à ”À√—∫a≈àÕ¬‡√◊Õ≈ßπÈ”
μ—«·§√à (Cradle) ¢Õß∑“ß≈“¥ ”À√—∫a≈àÕ¬‡√◊Õ „π°“√a≈Õà ¬‡√Õ◊ ≈ßπ”È (launching)
bill (of an anchor) ‡ßË◊¬ß ¡Õ
a≈“¬ ÿ¥¢Õß·°π ¡Õ (arm) ¬◊ËπÕÕ°æâπo“π ¡Õ (fluke) TM૬„Àâo“π ¡Õ®‘°‡¢â“‰a„π¥‘π
bill ‡ß◊Ë¬ß ¡Õ
billet Ò. Àπâ“∑Ë’/μ”·Àπàß Ú. ∑Ë’æ—°TM—Ë«§√“«
Ò. ß“πÀπâ“∑’Ë·≈–§«“¡√—∫o‘¥TMÕ∫∑’Ë¡Õ∫À¡“¬„Àâ ·μà≈–§π √«¡∑—Èß°‘®°“√摇»...„π‡√◊ÕÀ√◊Õ„πÀπ૬ߓπ (»—æ∑åÕ‡¡√‘°—π)
Ú. ∑’Ëæ—°„Àâ∑À“√πÕπTM—Ë«§√“« (»—æ∑åÕ‡¡√‘°—π)
billet slip „∫·®âßÀπâ“∑Ë’√—∫o‘¥TMÕ∫ à«π∫ÿ§§≈
‡Õ° “√°”Àπ¥∑’Ëæ—°·≈–Àπâ“∑’Ë∑’ˉ¥â√—∫¡Õ∫À¡“¬ ·μà≈–∫ÿ§§≈ (berth of duty to which assigned)
(Õà“πμàÕ©∫—∫Àπâ“)
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