รายงานสรุปการประเมินสถานภาพลุ่มน้ำ

Executive Summary Report

of Western and Central River Basins (Cont.)

al Tha Chin Indicator (TC) Weight total Sakae Krung Indicator (SA) Weight total Chao Phraya Indicator (CH) Weight total
(29) (31) (23)

5. River Invasion 0.122 6. Community Participation 0.114 0.025 5. Community Participation 0.127 0.025
0.021 7. River Invasion 0.084 0.018 6. River Invader 0.104 0.020
0.020
7. Activities of Water 0.102
Exploitation (e.g. Sand Mining) 0.055
0.050
6. Number of Manufacturing 0.104 0.018 0.047
Plants and Plant Density 0.030
0.093 0.016
.016 0.081 0.040
0.014
7. Frequency of Water- 0.076 0.016
Quality Crisis 8. Average Household Income 0.076 0.016
8. Population Density in 9. Land Use Impact on Soil
Watershed Areas Erosion
.017

.014

1. Declaration of Natural 0.178 1. Declaration of Natural 0.136 1. Declaration of Natural 0.248
.041 Resources and Environmental 0.047 Resources and Environmental 0.030 Resources and Environmental
0.227
Conservation Area Conservation Area Conservation Area 0.212
0.134
.031 2. Land Use Management for 0.138 0.037 2. Land Use Management for 0.117 0.026 2. Land Use Management for
Environmental Protection Environmental Protection Environmental Protection
0.099 0.114
.021 3. Wastewater Treatment System 0.071 0.026 3. Wastewater Treatment System 0.072 0.025 3. Wastewater Treatment System
0.081 0.092
.019 4. Community Forest 0.071 0.019 4. Community Forest 0.016 4. Community Forest

.017 5. Forest land use areas 0.097 0.022 5. Forest land use areas 0.020

.013 6. Participation 0.045 0.019

.012 7. Waste and Weed 0.088 0.026 6. Waste Management for River 0.067 0.015
Management in River 0.043
0.089
8. Aquaculture in Water 0.012

Sources 0.023 7. Water Management
0.011
.016 9. Water Management 0.024 0.087 0.019
0.095 5. Raise awareness
10. Basin-level city plan 8. The Number of Water
Sources/Irrigation 0.021
11. Raise awareness Development Projects 0.179

.011

9. Management of Lowland 0.084 0.019
and Monkey Cheek Areas

11.Providing Groundwater for 0.048 0.011
Agriculture

12. Water Consumption Balance 0.088 0.019

.011

.000 4.000 1.000 4.000 1.000 4.000 1.000

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Executive Summary Report

According to examination of land use of watershed areas in Western and Central
regions, it was found that there were 48 locations (96%) accurate but merely 2 locations
(4%) inaccurate, by chosen randomly from 50 locations. Since the land use data are from
Land Development Department in 2018 to 2019, which is used for examining and
supporting the field survey, some areas have slightly changed in a way of utilization. The
results are shown in Table 9 and Figure 7.

Table 9 Result of Western and Central Watershed Areas Survey

No. Basin Type of Modification Validity No. Basin Type of Modification Validity
land use land use

1 Mae Klong Water Water / 26 Tha Chin Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin
Basin Resources Resources

2 Mae Klong Forest Forest / 27 Tha Chin Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

3 Mae Klong Forest Forest / 28 Tha Chin Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

4 Mae Klong Forest Forest / 29 Tha Chin Variety Variety /
Basin Basin

5 Mae Klong Forest Forest / 30 Tha Chin Construction Construction /
Basin Basin

6 Mae Klong Forest Forest / 31 Sakae Krang Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

7 Mae Klong Forest Variety X 32 Sakae Krang Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

8 Mae Klong Agriculture Agriculture / 33 Sakae Krang Forest Forest /
Basin Basin

9 Mae Klong Agriculture Agriculture / 34 Sakae Krang Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

10 Mae Klong Construction Construction / 35 Sakae Krang Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

11 Petchaburi Agriculture Agriculture / 36 Sakae Krang Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

12 Petchaburi Agriculture Agriculture / 37 Sakae Krang Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

13 Petchaburi Agriculture Agriculture / 38 Sakae Krang Forest Forest /
Basin Basin

14 Petchaburi Forest Forest / 39 Sakae Krang Forest Forest /
Basin Basin

15 Petchaburi Forest Forest / 40 Sakae Krang Construction Construction /
Basin Basin

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Table 9 Result of Western and Central Watershed Areas survey (Cont.)

No. Basin Type of Modification Validity No. Basin Type of Modification Validity
land use land use

16 Petchaburi Forest Forest / 41 Chao Phraya Construction Construction /
Basin Basin

17 Petchaburi Forest Forest / 42 Chao Phraya Variety Agriculture X
Basin Basin

18 Petchaburi Forest Forest / 43 Chao Phraya Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

19 Petchaburi Variety Variety / 44 Chao Phraya Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

20 Petchaburi Construction Construction / 45 Chao Phraya Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

21 Tha Chin Variety Variety / 46 Chao Phraya Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

22 Tha Chin Forest Forest / 47 Chao Phraya Forest Forest /
Basin Basin

23 Tha Chin Agriculture Agriculture / 48 Chao Phraya Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

24 Tha Chin Agriculture Agriculture / 49 Chao Phraya Agriculture Agriculture /
Basin Basin

25 Tha Chin Agriculture Agriculture / 50 Chao Phraya Construction Construction /
Basin Basin

The Condition of Land Use Area in Mae Klong River Basin
The Condition of Land Use Area in Petchaburi River Basin

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

The Condition of Land Use Area in Tha Chin River Basin

The Condition of Land Use Area in Sakae Krang River Basin

The Condition of Land Use Area in Chao Phraya River Basin

Figure 7 The Condition of Land Use Area in Western and Central Watersheds
The Results of Main Basins Areas and Sub-Basins Assessment
1) The Results of Main Basins Condition Assessment
The followings are the rates/scale of the highest critical level to the lowest

critical level of watershed conditions: First, Sakae Krang basin has a total area of 971.75
sq.km. or 19.22 percent. Second, Mae Klong basin has a total area of 1,470.88 sq.km. or
4.88 percent. Third, Chao Phraya basin has a total area of 933.85 sq.km. or 4.61 percent.
Forth, Phetchaburi basin has a total area of 119.75 sq.km. or 1.91 percent. Lastly, Tha Chin
Basin, which is at the lowest critical level, has a total area of 198.12 sq.km. or 1.47 percent.
Each of watershed condition levels is shown in Table 10 below.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Table 10 Summary of Western and Central Watershed Condition

Assessment Results

No. Basin Area Scale (sq.km) Percentage of Watershed Area

Critical Risky Warning Balance Critical Risky Warning Balance

01 Mae Klong 1,470.88 8,967.93 19,416.75 315.17 4.88 29.72 64.36 1.04

02 Petchaburi 119.75 1,852.70 4,135.55 149.92 1.91 29.61 66.08 2.40

03 Tha Chin 198.12 5,259.68 7,566.69 464.89 1.47 38.99 56.09 3.45

04 Sakae Krang 971.75 2,275.43 1,557.86 250.73 19.22 45.01 30.81 4.96

05 Chao Phraya 933.85 12,487.97 6,678.50 164.45 4.61 61.62 32.96 0.81
Ref: Geographic Information System Analysis, Consulting Company (2019)

As the table above shows the results of watershed conditions, it was found that Mae

Klong basin, Phetchaburi basin, and Tha Chin Basin are classified as warning condition. In
contrast, Sakae Krang basin and Chao Phraya basin are categorized into a risky condition.

8. Pilot Area Selection

The principles for selecting the pilot area include necessarily 3 conditions: 1) The
selected areas must have the highest percentage of watershed condition in sub basin
areas. 2) The selected pilot areas must be representative at least one of main basins. 3)
The pilot areas are required five sub basins which consist of all the four watershed
conditions, that is, two sub basins are in critical condition and each of three sub-basins are
in the rest of other conditions. The procedures of watershed condition selection are shown
in Figure 8

1) Pilot Areas Selection Results
The result of data analysis shows that selected pilot areas which is used as

particular location for holding the pilot project conference along with practical relevant
activities which is about conservation and rehabilitation issue of the specific areas. Besides,
there were the problematic areas that necessarily need to be resolved, and some areas
that need to be developed to reach its full potential for maintaining the watershed
sustainability. The pilot areas were selected by district according to the watershed
condition at different levels that are critical, warning, risky, and balanced conditions. All
mentioned target districts were present in Table 11 and Figure 9.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Table 11 Indication of Critical, Risky, Warning and Balanced Condition of Sub-Basins

No. River Basin Sub Basin Condition Area (sq.km) Percentage
of Sub Basin
Critical
1 Mae Klong Basin Huai Taphoen* Warning 1,123.62 *44.83
Critical
2 Petchaburi River Petchaburi Lower River * Balance 1,404.75 *87.59
Risky
3 Tha Chin River Huai Kraseaw* 156.94 *8.13

4 Sakae Krang River Khlong Pho* 139.09 *11.77

5 Chao Phraya Bueng Boraphet* 3,294.08 *75.01

River

The Result of Watershed Sub-basins classification (22 sub- Sorting the condition by
Condition Assessment (5 basins) as percentage percentage

Basins)

Pilot 1 (Critical) Not Redundancy The highest level of critical
Pilot 2 (Risky) redundant check for condition or next
Pilot 3 (Warning) Main river level(Percentage)
Pilot 4 (Balance) basins
Pilot 5 (critical2) The highest level of risky
(5 basins) condition or next
level(percentage)

The highest level of warning
condition or next level
(percentage)

The highest level of balance
condition or next level
(percentage)

The highest level of critical
condition or next level
(percentage)

Redundant

Figure 8 The Summary of Selection Process of Watershed Condition for Pilot Activity

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

From designating the pilot areas by using previous criteria, the analysis results
indicate that selected areas where is used for operating pilot project about conservation
and rehabilitation issues of some areas. Those areas include the problematic areas that
required immediate action and some areas should be promoted the potential for
sustainable watershed. The following are the selected areas of pilot project as shown in
Figure 10 and 15:

1. Critical condition of watersheds –Western basins, Mae Klong Basin: Huai
Taphoen sub basin, Nong Kum sub district, Bo Phloi District, Kanchanaburi.

2. Critical condition of watersheds - Tha Chin Basin: Huai Kraseaw sub basin,
Nong Makha Mong sub district, Dan Chang District, Suphan Buri.

3. Risky condition of watersheds - Chao Phraya Basin: Bueng Boraphet sub
basin, Nong Bua sub district, Nong Bua district, Nakhon Sawan.

4. Warning condition of watersheds - Petchaburi basin: Petchaburi lower sub
basin, Talang sub district, Tha Yang district, Petchaburi.

5. Balanced condition of watersheds - Sakae Krung basin: Khlong Pho sub
basin, Mae Poen sub district, Mae Poen district, Nakhon Sawan.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Figure 9 Map of Sub-basins Condition in Western and Central Watersheds

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Figure 10 Map of Watershed Condition Assessment Results in
Western and Central Region

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Figure 11 Map of Sub-basins Condition Assessment Results in
Mae Klong River Basin

29

Figure 12 Map of Sub-basins Condition Assessment Results in
Petchaburi River Basin

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Figure 13 Map of Sub-basins Condition Assessment Results in
Tha Chin River Basin

30

Figure 14 Map of Sub-basins Condition Assessment Results in
Sakae Krang River Basin

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Figure 15 Map of Sub-basins Condition Assessment Results in
Chao Phraya River Basin

31

Executive Summary Report

1) Huai Taphoen sub-basin in Mae Klong Basin
Huai Taphoen sub basin has the largest percentage of areas in critical condition,

which has a total area of 1,123.62 sq.km or 44.83 per cent as shown in Figure16. Huai
Taphoen sub basin covers Nong Kum sub district, Bo Phloi district of Kanchanaburi
province which has an area of 181.70 sq.km. on critical condition. Also, there were
groundcover planting activity for upstream ecosystem restoration and water quality
assessment.

2) Huai Kra Seaw Sub-basin
Huai Kra Seaw sub-basin area is the seventh largest areas in critical condition

and the first largest area on critical level in Tha Chin basin, which has an area of 156.94
sq.km or 8.13% as shown in Figure17. Suphan Buri province consisting of Makha Mong
subdistrict and Dan Chang district which has a critical area of 99.05sq.km. Makha Mong
subdistrict was utilized as pilot areas for varied activities, such as biological composting,
water quality assessment, and planting.

3) Bueng Boraphet Sub-basin
Bueng Boraphet sub-basin with an area of about 3,294.08 sq.km. or 75.01% has

the greatest area at risky condition as display in Figure18. Nong Bua sub-district and Nong
Bua district of Nakhon Sawan province has a risky condition in sub district area of 154.45
sq.km., which check dam construction was the pilot activity in this district area.

4) Phetchaburi Lower River Sub-basin
Phetchaburi lower sub basin area is at the second place of warning condition

while the first biggest areas is the watershed in Mae Klong basin where it was classified as
in critical areas. Therefore, Petchaburi sub basin which has an area of 1,404.75 sq.km or
87.59%, was selected to be typical area of warning condition as shown in Figure19. Talang
and Tayang are sub district and district respectively in Petchaburi province where sub
district of warning condition has an area of 37.05 sq.km, and pilot activities in this area
consist of GPS instruction on mobile applications and water quality assessment.

5) Khlong Pho Sub-basin
Pho sub-basin with the balanced condition is the first balanced area in Sakae

Krung basin as 139.09 sq.km. or 11.77 % in Figure 20. Sub basin areas covers Mae Poen
subdistrict and Mae Poen district of Nakhon Sawan province. Sub district has an area of
balanced condition around 130.17 sq.km, and its pilot activities involve GPS instructions
applying for a mobile application and water quality assessment.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 32
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Critical status in the district area
99.05 square kilometers

Figure 16 Watershed Condition in Nong Kum Sub-district

Critical status in the
area District 99.05
Square kilometer

Figure 17 Watershed Condition in Nong MaKha Mong Sub-district

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 33
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Risk sta1t5u4s.4a5resaqiunatrheekisluobm-edtisetrrsict area

Figure 18 Watershed Condition in Nong Bua Sub-district

warnionfg 3s7ta.0tu5ssqinutahree ksuilobm-deistterricst. area

Figure 19 Watershed Condition in Tha Lang Sub-district 34

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Baelqaunacletsota1t3u0s.1in7 tshqeuasruebk-diliosmtriecttearrse. a

Explanation of symbols

Boundary of tambon Mae Poen

Status
Critical (0.01)
Risk (52.00)
Warning (9.67)
Balance (38.31)

Figure 20 Watershed Condition in Mae Poen Sub-district

9. Academic Conference for Discussing about Watershed Condition
Assessment Results (Watershed of Western and Central region)

The conference of watershed condition assessment results of Western and Central
region was organized on 24 July 2019 at Kallapapruek room in Western Grand Hotel,
Amphoe Mueang of Ratchaburi province. Mr. Chayawut Chanton, Governor of Ratchaburi
province, is the chairman of conference, together with Mr. Puttipong Surapruek, Deputy
Secretary General of Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning, is
the representative to open a speech of project background. The followings were shown a
total of 196 attendants participating in this conference:

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 35
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

The Number of Participants in the Discussion Conference to Watershed Condition

Assessment Indicators

Agencies Participants (People)

- Provincial Government Agencies 93

- District government agencies 5

- Departments in Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment 15

- Reporters 2

- Community Leader/Watershed Network/Population 81

Total 196

- Representative of Office Of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy 15
and Planning

- Consulting Company 12

Total Participants 223

Figure of the Conference

Mr.Chayawut Chanton Mr. Putthiphong Surapruek Mr. Sirichai Rueangrit
Governor of Ratchaburi Province Deputy Secretary-General, Office of Director of

The chairman opening the Natural Resources and Watershed Class Management
conference Environmental Policy and Planning Group
Giving report of project’s history
Summarizing and closing the
conference

Presenting the results and handling questions of the project study

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 36
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Exchanging opinion and giving suggestion

At the conference day

The Summarizing Activity of the Conference for Discussing on Watershed Condition
Assessment Results (Western and Central Basins)

Table 12 The Suggestion for the Watershed Condition Assessment Results of Western and
Central Region

No. Suggestion
1. Petchaburi province has got an environmental problem from local population activities. For

example, chemical usage in agriculture from headwater area to lower area, which must be
controlled. Moreover, the management of wastewater disposal into natural water resources is
also required. In addition, Raising people’s awareness and understanding are necessary for
conservation towards watershed area and public spaces.
2. Stream pollution is effects of wastewater disposal from factory and pig manure releasing into
Rivers such as Chao Phraya, Bang Pakong. It can cause water pollution which affect to aquatic
animals and plants. So These problems need to be solved urgently.
3. Agreement with establishment of watershed management committee in each district area. Since
watershed management operation was laborious for committee, committee in district area need
to develop systematical operation.
4. Most of Chao Phraya watershed area are in the risky and warning area, yet not close to the
critical level. The 5th and 6th measures, these are important keys for watershed development and
problem solving. Nevertheless, Chao Phraya watershed area need to be classified by purposes
such as industry, consumption, and agriculture because some areas are in recurrent flooding
zone. As stated in the 6th measures, the protection should be promoted for solving problems in
several areas.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 37
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

No. Suggestion
5. A crisis condition of Tha Chin watershed resulted from animal farming around headwater area,

fish farming in dam and also horse fish releasing. These problems cause water pollution and
ecological destruction. Tha Chin basin is the second important after Chao Phraya basin. However,
Tha Chin basin is the most polluted watershed in the country. Sources of pollution, especially in
Tha Chin basin are from 1) Community 2) Agriculture 3) Fishery 4) Industry which sugar and
ethanol factory locate in Nakon Pathom, Samut Sakhon, Suphanburi and Dan Chang. Therefore,
relevant department must consider and revise these problems respectively.
6. Releasing wastewater into water resource areas cause water pollution; it is a warning signal from
water hyacinth. Industrial and agricultural departments are complained annually about chemical
disposal. Current conference is an effective activity, so it should be arranged twice a year.
Government and mass media agencies should attend to the conference, and organizers should
provide information to public.
7. Petchaburi upper watershed areas are used for pineapple farming with the chemical usage that
can cause contamination in water which is extremely hazardous. Chemical utilization in lower
basin area is lower because of organic farming. Thus, downstream should be more concerned
about coast line issue and people should be campaigned for natural resources awareness.
8. Because of the success of watershed management in Petchaburi province, it affect to watershed
in headwater to lower area being balanced. However, Pineapple farming around Kang Krachan
reservoir in Huai Prachan is still a problem because local populations do not give enough
cooperation. Government agencies should organize chemical usage in particular areas, not in
upstream zone.
9. Problems of Mae Klong Basin are pets’ issue and wastewater disposal; however, it is unable to
recover by EM Ball.
10. Invasion of entrepreneur and Resort Construction in Tha Chin river area should be operated by
responsible department.

10. Pilot Project Establishment for Watershed in Urgent Requirement of
Conservation and Restoration

The Arrangement of Workshop and Pilot Activity in the Given Area
The purpose of workshop and pilot activity is to promote the involvement in the
implementation of natural resources and environmental conservation, which activities
correspond to the context of areas and meet the requirements in community. The details
of workshop and pilot activities in five sub-basin areas are as follows:

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 38
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

The Workshop and Pilot Activities in Watershed Areas of Western and Central Regions

Conference Basin Sub Location Amount Activity

Date Basin

25th July 2019 Huai Nong kum Sub- 82 Morning Session
26th July 2019 Taphoen district People - Workshop
31st July 2019 Afternoon Session
1st August 2019 Administstration 82 - Groundcover planting activity for
2nd August Organization, People
Bo Phloi District, upstream ecosystem restoration and
2019 Kanchanaburi 112 water quality measurement
People - Prepare network registration
Petchaburi Petchaburi Ta Lang Sub- Morning Session
Lower River district 67 - Workshop
People Afternoon Session
Municipality, - GPS teaching for using on mobile
Tayang District, 82 application and water quality
Phetchaburi People measurement
- Prepare network registration
Sakae Khlong Pho Mae Poen Sub- Morning Session
Krang district - Workshop
Administstration Afternoon Session
Organization, - GPS teaching for using on mobile
Mae Poen application and water quality
District, Nakhon measurement
Sawan - Prepare network registration
Chao Bueng Nong Bua Sub- Morning Session
Phraya Boraphet district - Workshop
Administstration Afternoon Session
Organization, - Check dam construction
Nong Bua - Tree Planting Activity
District, - Prepare network registration
Nakhon Sawan Morning Session
Tha Chin Huai Nong Makha - Workshop
Kraseaw Mong Sub-district Afternoon Session
Administstration - Bio-compost making and water
Organization, quality measurement
Dan Chang - Tree Planting Activity
District, Suphan - Prepare network registration
Buri

Total 425
People

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 39
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

In the workshop, the participants gained the knowledge about the significant of
land use measures, watershed conservation and restoration, and watershed condition
assessment. Moreover, they can understand and exchange the experiences about
watershed areas issues.

The Workshop in 5 Study Areas 40

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

The Pilot Activities in 5 Study Areas

11. Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protection with the
Results of Watershed Condition Assessment

As the result of watershed condition assessment, it was found that most of the
watershed condition in western and central areas are at risky levels, such as Chao Phraya
Basin and Sakae Krang Basin. On the other hand, Phetchaburi Basin, Mae Klong Basin and
Tha Chin Basin are at warning condition. Seven measures were formulated to be the
guidelines for conservation, restoration, and protection of watershed area in western and
central region.

1st Measure : To protect, prevent, retain, and reduce a threat of forest resources
and upstream area to maintain balances of watershed ecosystem.

2nd Measure : Planning and demarcating for land use in watershed areas along with
watershed quality classes.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 41
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

3rd Measure : Conservation and restoration of ecosystems and water resources,
effectively utilizing on water resources, as well as promoting the water resources stability.

4th Measure : Supporting for the manufacturing activity, services, and consumption
with eco-friendly awareness. Also, the strategies to become a healthy and low-carbon
watershed.

5th Measure : To increase the limitation of watershed classes adaptability is to
prepare for climate change and natural disaster.

6th Measure : Preventing and eliminating the pollution at its sources and
approaching to the sustainable green city based on responsibility of environment and
society.

7th Measure : To enhance the capability of mechanical systems and equipment for
community-based integrated watershed management.

The guidelines of each measure and levels of importance that are arranged in
urgent, high, and general level are shown more detail in Table 13 as follows:

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management 42
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and P

1st Measures : To protect, prevent, retain, and reduce a threat of forest resources and upstrea

Objective : The measures formulation and implementation are appropriate methods to inhibit an
balance of entire ecosystem, especially in headwater area of the river which has the potential in
restore worsen watershed ecosystem from invasion and any utilization and allocate green areas
resource utilization and headwater of a river areas as in Conservation Practices. Besides, the approa
conflict and controversy about forest areas problems by applying the appropriate measures ac
community based on natural resource and environmental conservation.

Target Areas: 1. Upstream areas in watershed class 1 and 2 areas
2. Conservation areas: National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Forest Park and
3. National Reserved Forest
4. National reserved forest registered as community forestry
5. Protected area surrounded by 3-5 km. radius of the buffer zones
6. Public space, unoccupied area, or reserved sharing area in the community
7. Estuarine ecosystems of as well as mangrove forests and coastal areas

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guidelines 1.1 To protect, 1. To Increase an efficiency of forest areas patrol system by
preserve and inhibit forest technology, as well as procedure of qualitative patrol.
resource invasion and natural 2. Developing the readiness to perform on surveillance duty o
Guard and forest preserve officers.
ecosystem.
3. Reinforcing collaboration with local community for forest

protection as well as forest resources invasion.

4. Comply with the legislation in force on mangroves and coasta

any invasion and take legal action against intruders who destroy the

country.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

Protection with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment

am areas to maintain balances of watershed ecosystem.
n invasion and destruction of forest resources, wild animals, and biodiversity in order to maintain
n water distribution and ecosystem services for entire watershed systems. Moreover, conserve and
expanding into watershed ecosystem, along with establish and control the regulations for forest
aches of Integrated Buffer Zones management should be greatly supported to decrease considerable
ccording to watershed topography. It helps enhance the quality of life, society, and economy of

Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin
uidelines Basin
Risky Warning Risky Warning
Risky
   
y using highly accurate 

of National Park Security

areas observation and

al areas protection from
natural resources in the

43

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 1.2 Ecological 1. Surveying the degraded forest areas and using suitable restoratio
Conservation and Restoration be consistent with geographical features of the basins.
of degenerate forest ecosystem 2. Exploring for the appropriate areas to build check damn or se
and headwater stream areas upstream areas in order to retain upstream ecosystem and reduce soil
3. Planting vetiver grass at the risk areas where are likely to soil e
landslide prone areas in upstream areas and sloping lands.
4. Taking immediate action of mangrove forest and coastal areas
restoration methods in terms of natural ecosystem with the cooperatio

Guideline 1.3 To promote 1. Strengthen the cooperation between government and loca
the Integrated Buffer Zones Integrated land use in accordance with economic, social, and cultural
development, with an 2. To enhance water resources or construct a pond in agricultura
involvement in decreasing resource for agriculture.
the controversy of forest 3. Developing forest areas outside of protected areas as an com
areas issue. utilization according to community’s regulations. Also, it can redu
dependency and biological resources in protected areas.
4. Developing the cooperation between government and local co
to properly allocate land for various uses and zone the land use
forest areas problem.
5. Reinforcing the collaboration and adaptation of community is im
deal with the problems between community and wildlife.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-1)

uidelines Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin Basin

on guidelines which must Risky Risky Warning Risky Warning
    

ediment trapping dam at
l erosion.
erosion occurrence or at

s restoration by applying     
on of community.
al community regarding
circumstances.
al land as reserved water

mmunity forestry for any
uce a burden of forest

ommunity or agriculturist
to lessen the dispute of

mportant to prevent and

44

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 1.4 Prevent and 1. To survey risk areas or Hot Spot areas likely causing wildfire oc

solve the wildfire and smog and buffer zones.

pollution problem by 2. Construct the efficient buffer zones in case of wildfire occurr

community-based using forest fire risk assessment based on information system.

management. 3. Establishing village engagement network of residents to monit

Also, Developing cooperation between government officials and co

forest fire season management.

4. To support and control flame weeding of agriculture in the ope

Guideline 1.5 To promote, 1. Developing green forest corridor help facilitate the maintenance

develop and enhance forest 2. Stimulate the planting of native plants in community or a small

landscape and green space 3. Promoting cash crop planting in agroecosystem to increase rich b

in community-based watershed

class.
2nd Measures : To plan and set boundary for land use within watershed according to watershe

Objective: To focus on research, analysis and evaluation of watershed performance, which is clas

watershed area with driving forces, which affected to change of watershed class for example, a p

tourism and entertainment promotion, energy demand, industrial development, environmental

reasons are necessary for land use zoning according to watershed classification area. Moreover, so

terrestrial ecosystems supervision. Land-use planning for watershed level is important for Balancing

development activity. So watershed potential with balanced condition must consist of land use w

economical, social and ecological carrying capacity. Furthermore, watershed class 1 and 2 need

accumulation problem in natural water resource and reservoir. It is related to flash flood problem

reduce management expenses and also appropriate for watershed condition.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-2)

uidelines Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin Basin

Risky Risky Warning Risky Warning

ccurrence in forest areas     

rence and its impact by

tor and prevent wildfire.
ommunity integration for

en air.     

e of nature equilibrium.
watershed.
biodiversity.

ed classes

ssified by watershed classification area. Moreover, planning direction of land use modification within
promotion of industrial crop production, natural disaster risk, population differentiation, settlement,
pollution management and policy implementation of economic and social development. Those
il and land use utilization need to be supported and conserved for properly productivity based on
g watershed because it relate to environmental factors, which are from nature and also watershed
with effective performance, which is developed for supporting activities within physical, biological,
d control measures to protect soil erosion, which can reduce loss of soil fertility and sediment
m as well. For other utilization area should be highly preserve and nurture by biological method to

45

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Target Areas: 1. Watershed class 1-5
2. Sensitive area affected by ecosystem change; landslide prone area and pro

3. Suitable area for utilization by development activities; agriculture and settle
4. Reserved areas for state or reserved areas for national security proceedings

5. Risky areas to natural disaster or environmental problems; flood area, lands

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 2.1 Preparing 1. To explore, analyze and evaluate condition of sub basins

land use plan for sub basins assessment of potential development and watershed management.

and river branches. 2. To scope land use area for sub basins and river branches

Interdisciplinary information.

3. To manipulate land use area map and watershed manage

consistent with watershed classification measure.

Guideline 2.2 To control, 1. To proceed vetiver grass implantation measures in steep area a

protect and alleviate soil and water conservation.

erosion problem in steep 2. To proceed bio-engineering measurements for protection and

area and land use area. landslide problems.

3. To control methods of land use activity in watershed area w

degradation conditions.

Guideline 2.3 To support 1. To support efficiency planning of utilized area for farmers with o

development activity and space.

utilized area for farmers 2. To improve and empower being smart farmers by combining

effectively. technology for more value of manufacturing and agricultural processin

3. To improve agriculture learning area for environmental friendly

supporting.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-3)

oblematic area

ement

s

slide area, polluted area

Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin
uidelines Basin
Risky Warning Risky Warning
Risky
   
and river branches for 

s by data system and

ement guidelines which

and utilized area for soil     

alleviate soil erosion or

with soil erosion or soil

on-farm planning or small     

knowledge and modern
ng.

and well-being lifestyle

46

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 2.4 To protect 1. To plan and scope urban planning area in watershed scale for necessary
agricultural area in good 2. To support agriculture process with high productivity in efficient a
condition for food security. 3. To support infrastructure planning for supporting agriculture

motivated for good agricultural practice preservation.
Guideline 2.5 To support 1. To support and enhance cognition of soil and land pr
soil and land preservations for manufacturing potential in long term for farmers in different fields.
high efficiency manufacturing. 2. To study and develop scheme of innovation, technology and p

soil and land preservation and also environment and health disaffecte
3. To support integrated agriculture or alternative agriculture w
agricultural ecosystem for sustainable livelihood approach.
3rd Measures : Conservation and restoration of ecosystems and water resources, effectively ut
Objective: The key objective of this measure, which is the vital guidelines for watershed manageme
watershed areas for acquiring a wide range of benefits, including quantity, quality, and duration of w
activities in the long run according to potential of each watershed. The significant guidelines for mai
conserve current water sources, retore destroyed water sources, enhance the water sources efficien

Target Areas: 1. Watershed areas class 1 to 5
2. The potential areas for water resources management (upper watershed are
3. Agricultural areas and sustained areas for the development of irrigable area
4. The areas affected by drought impact, water shortage, or areas with inacces
5. Areas with development potential of groundwater usage based on conserva
6. Surface water areas such as swamp, canal, and wetland
7. Artesian well installation areas for utilization in various activities of commun

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-4)

uidelines Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin Basin

Risky Risky Warning Risky Warning

y utilized area protection.     

agricultural area.
developing area to be

reservation to improve     

production for promoting
ed.
which has biodiversity in

tilizing on water resources, as well as promoting the water resources stability.
ent, is to implement the measure of watershed areas management or the resources in each
water flows (Timing) in watershed areas. The stable watershed areas can be utilized in various useful
intaining the sustainability of water sources and providing the usefulness in the watershed areas is to
ncy in water storage, and create new water sources.

ea used for flood mitigation zone, Central watershed area, and lower watershed area)
as such as ditch, weir, and water distribution canals
ssibility in direct uses of water distribution system, such as steep slope areas
ation principles (especially central basin and lower basins)

nity and other usage purposes

47

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 3.1 To conserve 1. Survey and create the data and information record of water resource

and restore surface water 2. Explore the problems and evaluate the potential sources o

areas, open canals, and development and management to meet the purpose of utilization.

natural wetlands. 3. Carry out the plans, project, and activities of source water prot

source water, surface water, and wetland conservation and restora

knowledge base (Indigenous knowledge, technology, innovation, engin

for canals network/system, weir, and reservoir management, reconstr

irrigated areas with the cooperation of consumers.

Guideline 3.2 To supply 1. Supporting farmers to zone the suitable areas for digging a pond

and develop a small water 2. Supplying and developing medium and small surface water are

sources for communities agricultural production for farmers’ utilization.

and farmers. 3. Promoting water sources development for increasing the capab

weir or floodgates

4. Exploring and enhancing the artesian well for various uses such

supply system, and water usage in community.

Guideline 3.3 Organizing plan 1. To evaluate the potential and balance of water in watershed sys

for highly economical and water usage demand and supply side.

efficient utilization of water 2. To support and disseminate knowledge and technology for e

sources at watershed level. and cost reduction in manufacturing. (economic valuation of resources

3. To study and formulate the feasible guidelines for converting w

can be reused for other purposes (water reclamation) (especiall

reclaimed water of municipality and communities to the agricultural u

4. To promote, publicize, and raise people understanding and awa

production in dry season to lessen the risk of water usage in water sca

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-5)

uidelines Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin Basin

Risky Risky Warning Risky Warning

es in watershed classes.     

of water supporting for

ection as well as natural
ation by using ecological
neering, and participation)
ruct, and preservation in

d in farm scale.     

eas with the potential of

bility of water storage as

h as in agriculture, water

stem to sufficiently meet     

effective water utilization
s)
wastewater to water that
ly, focusing on bringing
utilization.
areness of water uses for
arcity season.

48

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 3.4 To strengthen 1. Enhancing the committee establishment of basin and sub basin

the watershed regulations member’s cooperation in watershed (acquiring process, compo

and water consumption in obligation, formulation of watershed regulations, watershed managem

organization at watershed 2. Supporting a readiness for establishing the water consumption

level. areas for water sources development and strengthening the capabilit

organization to being as a network.

3. Formulating water management plans in watershed levels: bas

basin in accordance with the potential and balance of water, as we

cooperation of member from each watershed areas.

Guideline 3.5 To study the 1. Study and develop the methods of natural land areas, wetlan

suitability of water resources protection to help facilitate water management on crisis condition.

and water sources management 2. Study and develop the alternative plans for water managemen

for long-term stability of plan to support water stability of the country.

water issue. 3. Study the strategic environmental assessment in wate

Environmental Assessment: SEA) for planning and decision in terms of
4th Measures: To support manufacturing, managing and consuming activities for environmenta

Objective: To focus on supporting and developing between farmer, community, entrepreneur a

managing and consuming processes from original productions and support good practice for resou

without consumer exploitation. For product access, it has been supported and access by all tar

recreation and ecological learning, development of the Nawatwithi community, Villages Products t

eco-cultural tourism, utilization of biological resources for community economy, natural resources

and community social capital in various forms, promoting rights and equality in the community and

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-6)

uidelines Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin Basin

Risky Risky Warning Risky Warning

to meet the principle of     

osition of departments,

ment responsibility).

n organization in proper

ty of water consumption

sin, sub basin, and local
ell as with the beneficial

nd, and agricultural land     

nt as an Across the Basin

ershed areas (Strategic
Policy-Plan-Program.

al friendliness and well being lifestyle to become low carbon watershed status.
and government agencies in academic and marketing departments for establishing manufacturing,
urces consumption, environmental conservation, consumer health concerns and social responsibility
rget groups together with development of various activities such as service providing for tourism,
that quality accepted by consumers, promoting knowledge and community wisdom for agriculture,
s conservation, supporting self-Reliance of community enterprise, community welfare management
d activity development for becoming an eco-community.

49

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protecti

Target Areas: 1. Protected Areas in form of national park, forest park, wildlife sanctuary and
recreational activities and natural tourism

2. Nature reserve areas and intermediate areas which are areas between prese
3. Agricultural areas or Development areas in ownership zone accordance with
4. Community areas with way of life and unique culture
5. Community forest areas with efficiency resources for being an eco-learning
6. Product distribution area with health and environmental friendly production

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 4.1 To improve 1. To contribute group of farmers occupation and farmer ne

group of farmers occupation environmental friendly manufacturing planning.

and group of eco-friendly 2. To develop knowledge, skill and also innovation and techn

production. entire cycle to increase competitive performance for alternative

becoming aging society.

3. To support application of knowledge and local wisdom by util

community for sustainable production which verifies a good performance.

4. To develop academic cooperation framework and transfer

practical section for initiative production and products with env

alternatives.

Guideline 4.2 To support 1. To establish natural attraction plan for conservation area in

development of natural emphasizing creation of creative recreational activities and gaining n

attraction and ecotourism experiences: hiking, camping, bird-watching, wildlife watching and ec

activities for emphasizing learning.

adventure and new 2. To develop and elevate potential of visitor services effect

experiences. interpretation, forest navigation, visitor security service and resuscitatio

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ion with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-7)

d non-hunting area especially in recreation zone or corridor area which are for educational purpose,

erved area and other natural area.
h measures of watershed classification (class 3-5)

center

n processes

Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin
uidelines Basin
Risky Warning Risky Warning
Risky
   
etwork with health and 

nology of production for
e marketing systems for

lize biological resources in

academic cognition to
vironmental and health

n developed zoning by     
new nature conservation
cological river cruising for

tively: educating, natural
on and emergency care.

50

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

3. To develop recreational activities and tourism attractions by

and facilities: visitor services, tourist information center, campsite,

lighting systems, Communication systems in nature areas, nature tr

boards and rescue equipment.

Guideline 4.3 To support 1. To establish community development plan for ecotourism man

Community-based base.

Tourism services. 2. To develop potential and readiness of crews and also con

operations: information, public relations, targets, supporting area, serv

engagement and alliance network, and budget and resource managem

3. To increase ability of community leader, local specialist and org

management by community base to manage benefit sharing from ope

of life and community welfare independently.

Guideline 4.4 To promote 1. To promote farmers’ land management for doing agriculture in s

organic farming for healthy the King's Philosophy to develop land, water, forest and sustainable liv

lifestyle. 2. To improve potential of farm leader network for being mode

healthy lifestyle.

3. To develop working area for becoming demonstration site of organic fa

Guideline 4.5 To improve 1. To support establishment of community enterprises and qualit

market system for distribution, to be converted to agricultural products and value-add marketing.

services, and environmentally 2. To develop fairly central market readiness of agricultural produ

friendly products provided to negotiate in market.

justly to consumers. 3. To publicize information to consumers for accessing of agricu

and products with environmental friendly manufacturing.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-9)

uidelines Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin Basin

Risky Risky Warning Risky Warning

improving infrastructures     

restroom, bedding set,
rail, nature interpretation

nagement by community     

ntribution of community
vice activities, community
ment.
ganization for ecotourism
eration to develop quality

sufficiently way (by apply     
ving)
el of organic farming for

arming in watershed level.     
ty of life fund for farmers

uct for farmers to be able

ultural products, services

51

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

5th Measures : To increase the limitation of watershed classes adaptability is to prepare for cli
Objective : The objective of this practical measure and approach is to emphasize the enhance
development. These was an advance plan for coping with changes in different and complicated ci
risk, frequency, severity). Those disasters include flash flood, landslides, mudslides, water shortag
affect to agriculture, agricultural products quality, population health, community settlement, wate
communities that encountered natural conditions directly affect resilience of ecosystems. Moreove
the implementation of government’s development policy affecting changes in land use within wat
project development, water sources and large reservoirs development, water diversion network
brasiliensis), sugarcane, cassava (Manihot esculenta), or restoration policy for damaged agricultural a
to be planned in anticipatory adaptation. However, anticipatory adaptation is dependent on diffe
networks adaptation planning, monitoring the situation and early warning systems network, damage
human settlement, land use planning, establishment of flood defense system, urban planning at wa

Target Areas: 1. Watershed class 1-5 areas (overview of watershed system)
2. Areas with sensitivity of ecological change: conservation area, upstream ar

areas, rare plants genetic resources areas or wildlife habitat ecology, riverside areas, natural canal, w
3. Appropriate area for utilization by development activities: agricultural land
4. Vulnerable areas to coastal erosion
5. Designated areas by government for major project development or suppor

areas

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 5.1 Increase ability 1. To consider vulnerability assessment in various sectors of water
of adaptation planning for from climate change and natural hazards.
climate change and natural 2. To enhance cognition and risk communication of various se
hazardsat thewatershedscale. raising awareness to current and future situations and circumstances e

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-10)

imate change and natural disaster.
ement preparedness and adaptability competency of communities and different watershed areas
ircumstances, such as climate change problems and its impacts, and natural disaster risk (likelihood,
ges, drought, windstorm, and heat wave blown throughout the regions in Thailand, which possibly
er management, as well as loss of life and property, etc. In addition, risks and vulnerabilities in the
er, the necessity of community adaptation and various activities development are the results from
tershed areas in the short and long term. The development policy implementation consists of large
k development for flood relief, the policy promotion of vital industrial drop: rubber tree (Hevea
areas such as drought and flood situations. As mentioned above, all situations and conditions need
erent factors, namely risk communication measure support, household, communities, groups, and
e insurance, livelihood modification, increasing options in manufacture and agriculture, adaptation in
atershed-level, as well as collaborative network with mutual support.

rea, risk areas for natural disasters such as wildfire risk areas, flood risk areas, repeated drought risk
watershed areas and monkey cheeks
with good condition, general agricultural area, areas for community settlement

rting area for usage with economic purposes: special economic zones, industrial estate development

Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin
uidelines Basin
Risky Warning Risky Warning
Risky
   
rsheds which are affected 

ectors of watersheds for
encountered.

52

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

3. To plan anticipatory adaptation for supporting adaptation of clim

hazards.

Guideline 5.2 Set up 1. Develop watershed information system for watershed condition

monitoring network for to climate change and natural hazards.

Early Warning System at 2. Set up monitoring network for Early Warning System in risk zone

watershed scale. sectors which are affected directly such as farmer group, water u

group, tourist group.

3. Establish early warning system and notify situation and risk

networks.

Guideline 5.3 Establish risk 1. Evaluate probability of risk occurrence in watershed which aff

management plan for potential vulnerability and watershed ecosystem services.

environment, watershed 2. Create options for risk management plan systematically

ecosystem services and organizational mechanisms as a management tool.

emergency response. 3. Announce emergency risk management planning and create

understanding for effectively handling and admittedly respond.

Guideline 5.4 Enhance 1. Support community network, community organization, entrep

readiness of watershed sectors with prototype activity that affirm reducing greenhouse gas em

network for supporting climate activity.

change and natural hazards. 2. To develop potential of knowledge, skills and multidiscip

communication and adaptation for climate change and natural hazard

3. Develop readiness of equipment usage for emergency response

rescue system.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-11)

uidelines Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin Basin

Risky Risky Warning Risky Warning

mate change and natural

n assessment to respond     

es especially in significant
user groups, aquaculture

k reports for watershed

fect to change of status,     

y by using watershed

e relevant department’s

preneur and developing     
missions and Low carbon

plinary approach to risk
ds.
e operations and effective

53

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 5.5 To protect 1. Study and form appropriate measures, plan and project for
and improve environment, coastline erosion by using coastal zone management.
natural landscape and coastline 2. Protect and improve plant ecology and biodiversity on riverb
for supporting conservation wetland to reduce natural hazards.
and utilization of original 3. Build line of defense against natural hazards by restoring na
ecosystem harmoniously. across basins.
6th Measures : Preventing and eliminating the pollution at its sources and approaching to the
Objective: The objective focus on establishing measures and guidelines to protect the environme
another guideline aims at creating efficient systems to eliminate pollution at its sources in reducing
networks were produced to monitor and observe environmental pollution at its sources such a
especially pollution caused by municipal solid waste, hazardous wastes, industrial wastes, service a
diffusion problem which resulted from air pollutants emission of transportation, open burning, an
implementation of measures, plans or scheme with appropriate technology using for solving the
behavior to be aware of environmental problems, such as applying 3R principle (Reduce-Reuse-Re
network, converting waste materials into add-value products which can increase household’s in
communities or local educational institution need to focus on monitoring the environmental qualit
and other interested knowledge and skills. Nevertheless, the activities and plans of pollution reduc
in the form of local development plans and policies by Provincial Administrative Organization (P
Organization (SAO). Local development plans and policies are directly under the responsibility o
management, with community participation to become a sustainable city or green city consisting
Good Governance. From considering sustainable city, local government units need to emphasize
community-based development (Community-center Approach). In addition, local government u
wastewater, or air pollution and support area- based management, with a good governance, tra
sustainable development goals.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)

Executive Summary Report

ction with the Results of Watershed Condition Assessment (cont.-12)

uidelines Chao Phraya Ta Chin Mae Klong Sakae Krang Petchaburi
Basin Basin Basin Basin Basin

Risky Risky Warning Risky Warning

preventing and reducing     

bank, estuary, canal and

ature, natural landscape

sustainable green city based on responsibility of environment and society.

ent from pollutant releases and create efficient systems to eliminate pollution at its sources. Also,
g pollution problems and the costs of pollution management in the long term. Furthermore, tracking
as water sources, air, or soil and keep a close watch on population’s health risk from pollutants,
activities waste materials, wastewater and contaminated water, air pollution and particulate matter
nd smog with wildfire problem. The management of environmental pollution involves not only the
e problems, but also social learning process for communities or relevant departments in changing
ecycle) to reduce wastes at its resources by starting from household, communities, and population
ncome, bringing refuse or solid wastes to be composted into biofertilizers or bio-extract. Besides,
ty, e.g., water quality assessment, and develop environmental education curriculum to offer learners
ction management were not operated only in households or communities, but should be operate as
PAO), City Municipality, Town Municipality, Subdistrict Municipality, and Sub district Administrative
of local government to reforming and establishing the efficient systems for environmental quality
of 4 elements: City of Good Life, human well-being, Environmental sustainability, Learning city and
the urban development in terms of physical infrastructure, Urban planning, safety, Basic facilities,
units need to advocate cooperative management of environmental problems, such as wastes,
ansparency, impartiality, and leadership that would bring their local government units to achieve

54

Table 13 Measures and Methods for Area Conservation and Protec

Target Areas: 1. Watershed areas class 3-5 (utilized area accordance with measures of water
2. Risky areas with wildfire smoke problems and open burning areas

3. Urban areas or settlement areas which release pollutants to environment
4. Water resources areas or catchment area which are used for intended purp

5. Areas provided for waste management: wastewater treatment plant, garbag

Group of Measures and Form of Plan initiation / Supporting Projects for Gu
Guidelines

Guideline 6.1 To manage 1. To evaluate the situation of municipal solid waste problem

municipal solid waste from community for raising awareness and solving problems together.

sources by using community 2. To search and develop pattern of possibility to reduce solid w

base. community participation by using learning platforms to determin

community.

3. To establish community action plan to manage municipal solid

focusing on 3R principle: reduce, reuse and recycle.

Guideline 6.2 To set up a 1. Study appropriate guideline for municipal solid waste manageme
network system of one- 2. Provide construction zone for one-stop waste managemen

stop waste management procedure: waste collection systems, waste sorting, waste disposa
center for watershed scale utilization and power generation.

and province. 3. Study and assess an environmental impact and also social & h
conflict of project initiation and development.

4. Establish one-stop waste management system or waste process
for community.

5. Set up organizational structure include financial management
management system.

The project on increasing efficiency of watershed classes management
(Watersheds in the Western and Central region)