Giuleanu, Victor - Tratat de teorie a muzicii (Vol.2)

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oorprooBxoq 15 eop.rooBtuod lrEos .I0I s

SCARI (MODURI) PENTATONICE

Sistetnu.l muzical alcd.tuit din 5 sunete, dispuse prin secunde 'si salturi

tle terle - intre o notd $i octaua ei - se nunteSte pentatoni.c'1.
,doua
S,cara pentatonica rse p,rezinta sub formc principale: fdni semr-

tonu,ri .gi cu se,mitonuri.

S'cara p,entatonicl din care lipsesc semitonurile poartd numele :d'e pen-

,tatonicd anhemitonicd,, iat scara pentatonica ce ane sem'itonuri poartd rnu-

.mele de pentu.tottit:d, hemitonicd2.

S f02. Pentatonica anhemitonie[

Sistemul pentatoni.c anh,emitonic este format din 5 sunete ce se succed
.prin securr.de muri Si terle nr,ici. 1n s.uccesiu,nea pentatonala de ac,est f el.
terfe'Ie rnici nu se afli niciodati una lingd a'lta.

Din aceas,ta a'sezare,a sunetel,or ,rezulta pentatonica anhemitonicl (fArA

senritonuri), car€ are mater.i.alul sonor dispus in ordi'trea rurmitoare: doui
rsoc,unde rnari, u,n salt de ter[6 ,mic6, o secundf, rnare qi alt salt de ter$
nica, ajungind,u,se la ocla'r'a prirnu,ltli surret:

1 ln limba greacd pente : cinci 9i lonos : sunet.
2 In limba greacd On- filrd, hemi : jumdtate 9i lonos : sunet (hernilonos
- semiton).

202

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.rnl,npo,ul Iu eJepeA op lciund ulp p.tlnau
prrrrJ B? glu"reprsuol olsJ FJruolel'.rcd plsue.re'r-rzur1 r?l li-re,l p'ullseN

: InInuroJSIS IB €ellop' IE Inlouns nJ edacu! II Darqs

'.totoru pou ap

Elsrcprsuroc r; e1eod Ec,ruolEtrrrod ElsBacB '9241 e1 a.reu firat puy y

: rnlnluelsrs IB launs l.nnr,r.rd nc edacul (rlurjrut) I narols
: e1:uo1r:1uad J.rl?ls g IeI lsace cg uriqo eg

'Jouos Iur.i

-eluru ISDIaoB os-npulzr,Erlnl te1uuo1e1u,ad r.rrfJSr Ioir[ raunr eodu,rur.lol1 n.4uad

Ecluol 1de.rp 1en1 11 eleod acruoleluad rufcs olr alueuochuoo ela,rrns g olos
lrJluIp oJBsuo'Jol€lrqrsuos u 1rcr1dur, rsr Jolunuo:lrrtr,as resd,rl ElIJolBo

: plBJnlEtl rjJecs o alsa Be qc lurrrscsu!
aJ Beac 'E1ue.l eaurp..ro u1 rc'rpe tElcoJ.red plur,tc ug 91ca1.rad rlrrrac urp, oluz
-a$e ry 1od acr,uolrruarlure aeuoleluad rrJqcs ale eltrauoduloc alalouns

: trlelsrs uJ eleuolrtuos rliup.r cnpe aruc 01111 rS ,11 .ro1otde.4 escl,rl ur.rctr
ulseoce ap a1$aqas,oep, e.s ucruotrrurarluu Ec Elulsrroc es 'e 1so e.ruol,gE.rottr'a.lri

roJlic B'olaiuns 1ep tfeldruroc ?lntnlnu pLol"ntu nunll nc o-pu1.reduo3

Starea IV incepe cu ,sunetul al patrulea al sistemuJ.ui :

Neavild tcr:[d,la fua,za, aceastd pentatoinica este consideratdo'de ase-
rnenea, ca fiin'd neu'trd' din punct de veilere al modul'u,i.

Starea V incepe cu sunetul al cincilea aL sisternului:

Avind terf[ anicir Ia bazi, a'c'eastii pentatonicd est€ cons'iderata ca fiind,

d.e mocl nr'inor.

Toate ,cele cinci stari ale pentatonicii, fiind alcdtuite din acelagi ma-
terial sonor, sint con'siderate intre ele ca scd.ri pentatonice paralele sau,

rel.atiae.

S 103. Construirea pentatonieii pe alte sunete

Pentaton'ica anhemitonicd p,oate f i construitii pe oric,ar,e alt ,sunet

al scirii muz,icale pri,n doui pr'ocedee :

omit-trepfit"eleluItVndsciaVbIuI,zdcagreanpruromvoaajcoirdrecloanliti'psleetmd itdoena7lesiunnestiest,ed,tnin, 'ocbalirneinsde

ln acest fel pen,tatonica a,nhernitonici de st,area I (i'nigiala) ;

- fin cd, pornind de le u,n sunet oarecare, ase:dtn cele trei secunde
ntari si
cel.e doud terle mici intr-o asemenea ordin,e, trt'ctt salturile de terle

sd nu Jie niciodatd aldturute. Prin acest al doile:r p,rocedeu oblinem una
din oele 5 ,stari a,le pentatonicii anhe,rnitonice.

De exemplu :

a. Dupii primul Procedeu:

Sd construirn o penlatonicii anhemitonicl pe s,unetul re.'

204

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ooluolBluad .rog.rgos Brnmrv '?0t s

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: napaco.Ld Daytop 7a pdn6 'q

ad gc ruoyw aque gJlu ot PpeJ
: Iouaq ?ra Inlau'ns, ed gc,ruolruaquru giluoleluad p11y

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Ed. Grieg (1843-1907)
Peer Gynt

Pentatouicii anirernitoni,r:rl pe mi hent'ol, (annura tnnarlitLrlii Mi' it'zn'ot

rnl.ior):

I.,ento Nora
Cintec popular chitlez

*

Pentatoni'ca anhemitonicn este o scard f'oarte v'eche, fiinil 'cea 'mai frec*

venti ,tlintre si'stemele 'de cinci sunete.

Se intilneqte in muzrica multon popoare, inileoseb'i la 'clainezi, unguri'

scolienio baEkiri, ttrtari, ne,grii ,ilin Americ,a etc. Istoricii afirmA €d penta'
tonica este ,sistemuL .muzical cel mai respinilit din ,intreaga ,luqne' Ea s,e
ges€$te de .asemenoa gi i,n muzica rporpq1lar6 ro'mrirneasc6, avind rciricula]i'e in'
toata lara.

ln prezent, p€ntatonica anhemitonicd {ace parte co'mrponentd atit 'dirr'
cr.ealia populario cit qi din cea culta.

Lipsindu-i cele 2 cvinte extrelne (trepte{e IV Ei VII din 'scara oom-
pile1i), care repnezint:i in sisterluL'nodern elementele'tle tensiune qi duri-
tate ( semitonurile qi tritonul) o tnuzica bazati pe ac'eastd rs'cara ar€ un c$*
racter linigtit, me,lancolic, plin de ,p,oezie, expr,irnind ,stiri de ,senindtate, [i-

rism, suavitate etc.

Conlinind sunete pu[in,e, pentatonica ,anhemitonice d[ 'meloil,i'ei 'un co-
lorit specific, din care deduc,em cu uq'u'rin[i arhais'mu'l siu'

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Zece pahare de vin
Ciniec popular chinez

Vivo

,n Ecara.

Plugugorul

Colindl din Reg. Bucuregti

Allegretto

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u1 .Bro,}sacu e FJn}
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V. Iugceanu

Cvartetul pentru coarde

rit.

Evolufia pentatonic,ii ,cu pieni duce indi,scutabil la sistemele ,m'uzicale'
cornplete 'de 7 sunete (heptatonice).

S 106. Pentatoniea hemitoniefl

Pentatonica hem,itonica e,ste sisternuL ,{orm,at din 5 sune'te ce se succccl
yt;rin secund,e mici qi mari q,i p,ri1 tetle mati. Din acea,sta suc'cesi.une rc-
zult[ o pentatonica cu rsemitonuri (hemito,rricl).

Ea este mai ,pulin lis,pindita decit pentatonica anh:em,itonici, lrrtilnin-

du-se rnai atre's Ia pop,oarele din Extrernul Orient (Japonia 9'i Coneea). La
Iro,i s,e g6,s,egte de ase,merrca mai trar, in ,sp'ecial in folclorul din regilrnea
Bihor pi Mana,m,ureg.

Ca st'ructur6, scatra he'tnitonicit se prez'inti s'u,b for'me vari'ate'

,Cea ,mai frecrnenta forrml a pentatonicii he,miton'ice este a'ceea ln care
materialuL sonor ,se a'fli dispu,s la intervalole utrmiitoatre : secund[ 'mare.
-"ecund[ tnic6, te,r![ marle, ,secundi 'rnici gi terla mafe, pfin care s€ ajunge
la octava rprimulu'i sunet:

3 lvl

> ZM 2n

Comparind-o ca gdln& mittol'ii ruaturald completa de 7 ,sunete, oonstH-
,pr.in lip'sa trerptel,or
tim ca 'sc,ara hemitonri,c,a se tleosebegte de uceasta
IV si VII:

210

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EJB''S BIUTJd' : Ie'Ils'Y 'elallns I ap claltlrroc arEl,nd'od ro{rrnpotu eruo}!tJotu
-o.nd tsO aleraprsuocr lI locl IO] 13eCB A,p AlIttolIUe{l acru0l€lttadr ol,rrlgcs

.'op lnlerrns ed elrtulsuot aJrrrolruraq Ucrrro.lt?lrrad alu atruoI, alrJeJro I
'rrrsaotns E.rude n[r, QS, rJ8rr.[ I

oiJe Urlop,aTac rS rrrur,epumces, EnoP olec 'IIJgcs u Elelilul l?oJ€ls u! Bn
ES,rr'! urirpuo} nc 'rJellr] aiJo] rnop' rs oiunri lpunJasr o 'rcrur apunoos rnoP
: r,rl€u{rluroc rolr aI,a}rro,Jlp u! 'ar'eolEulun aplB,ualul ULP allnltrcl8 luls Bolsera
'r;s u1 lu.ratra! u1 'Jo,uos' ro rn{nlurJa}sru, rr.nlzruRSJo oIB a}BTJBA alcedrsu nc
'arruollruaq rrcr'uoleluadr alu aurJ,oJ o11u r* Tlecrznru E'JnlBJalrT u!'JSouII:lrrI

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'aa7lDlar nes ayayo-md IrIBcs uc a,lo o4rrl eleJ,aprsuoa ltrls
IaI trsaop ap rrcruolllJuod alugtrs eluol '.rottos, luuolr:rru rBulocu pursoloJ

: uralsrrs. nrp gldee.rl
rnotr (} il,c, p'rl1dacul e1e ulp c.lBco,rJ '?rruolr[ior1 rr,cruolelu,ad ell: elrJe]rP

lJpls g rcru rS eurfqo urelnd rlcnrolruriorlru uJnro]€lned n,c ar8oluuB u{{d

'!J(}u,rur aJiPls, eP, a}s,e !l}rrr,o}€lnrad glsuacP

'gzuq u1 ap Eclrrr qi.ra1 a,p,rnl,nlelJalrlr flrJo]Bpornlnlotu' uiur,rr.rd uJ

p,r€ce'de majorul natura'lo a doua, ninorul fnigian, a treia, rnajorul lidian,

a patxa, rnajorul mixo'lidian, a cincea, 'rnaiorul a'r'monic.

este In pentatonicele hernitonice -- in general -datco,ro.iltoiriftaupl tpueluntiactoanhael nnriu-
,atit de pregnant ca in .oele anhernitonice,

tonicele apar irl structuri ,rnodale foarte <liferite ,s'i au in ,cornponenfa lor
sermitonuride? c.are le ap,ropie de modurile cornp'lete de 7 sunete.

Exernple din literatura rnuzicala :

Melodie japonezd

Scana: . Ilhemitonicd ,starea

vT+---/_\,/_

Andante Cintec din Maramure;
Din culegerea lui B. Bartdk

8i-ti

- teCr tat- ge I o u /JU- iVo - ud bL,- ne,--

u- nu-i tpart- -Ca toa-te /e-am nu - me rat .

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'rarur ri; rJBIU apuncas nc gu.naldrur,3 .ro,rur

rrr TJlrtu ai.re1 ap lu'nls,Ocans Fclip€, 'etuolsrs elaq111B uIp rclls{Jalcu[EJ prrJuri
-uoc oacruolrure;t1 rrcruoluluod I$ 1,c, 'aeruoluralluB rrcruol€Jrrad 14e urf .rerle
ac runrsoclns, ed Ezeezvq as o.rEO rrpolaur Js,eulllu! es, unznl al,atrn ul

Ftxlln uoluolBluad 'I0I $

InzEarg 'D 3p selnJ
uels ep ralulf,

(1aq9sz:g 'S pdnp)
zauodef relnd,od relulC

In Iritna l)arte a ,siste,utulu,i se a,f,la int'orva,lele ,ca,r.actoristice a,le pen-

tatonicii herni,tonice ( ter1,a ma,ne, ,sec,uutla mica ;i rs,ecundil ,rnare), iar ,in

a 'doua parte se afla inte,rva'lele caracteristic,e aL['e pen,tatonicii an]rem,itonice
(ter1d unice ;;i secunrlir ntafe), realizinclu-se o pcntatonicii mixtd.

Ea rlrai poate Ii consitleratri $i ca -ccarii lnixo'l'idianri f riri treptele
II ei \rI :

Eseruple din iter':rtrra muzi.call : La toati lume-am plicutu
Poeo rubato Din culegerea lui B. Bartok

O scarii pentatorricii,ruai dcoseJritii se intilne;1e in rnuzi.ca populirrir

r-roreeanii, care are irr cornponen!t sa urr inl"erval de secundl rnirritii :

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'ocIuolruroquB rrcruolrrl red e1e oPc lqla'soe,p,ul oaluuoJulued

ellunrsoo'cns luo^coJJ op inlsep lzgazrlrTn ElllJr,zlrul uriuarc'I:.r,eua8 tr1

uBaeJoJ JEIndod JaluJJ

nl-rug lliunw

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CAPITOLUL XIV

SISTEME ATONALE
S 108. Generalitili

ln epoca noastra intilnirn lry$4ggaiggle cale au Ia bazd sisteme 'so'
nore ce n'u gl1yll9144*jpl9..l]..--_creltrll-*tonal, sisterne-,.11um'ite din aceastit*

Tffi"a-nto@e. r\panilia lon in a,rta miuzicali este ,ile datd mai re'centl, u'rmintl

.Gfr"Tutii 9i utilizririi ,la maximum a cromati-qmului.

Dupa ce tg5]ti j|14-4ir.1l.g-"*1r-"{-ql99J-si,sterne q-onoqe..iln care afini-
tatea tonali se iuffiiTi in ccl rrtai inrlt gruI Ia 'macgtri i arlei romanlice 9i
r',#f-f'*i--fLf'*f''-c"' Gtora observa'm o prel'erin[a crescintla penlru introducerea in cont'
DipiereovnzitlRris,ue-+ii@cfsa,ho,;alalotrl.idstie,iirVrneaaact.siiin,dlo-ifoeorr,rl,ocpseMeensiatncrxau"iRn".eftfmgieierl,oAdinetodnni9n4BgcrLe!*rlciJnkin&cegel,-gmRgiarcyih:am1riu9dil.itq.-!e,."s.^gttitq*,qU"eg-'n.p-ra;-.ier,".rnn.tloe'rnoic,hc"e.otop--
matice. Operele lor ,cle arti 'marcheazii insi in acest fel o ,mari,re a ctrlorilor

iralete'i.c,oinponi'sticepii"sursenoi,care@'!1r1n',s91t5
aqeiti tru rup lcgatura 5i pri
superior. tleoarece co,rnpozitori cll_ -lgnulilutca n-

crplrle el-

R. Wagn'er (1813-1883)
Opera ,,Tristan Ei Isolda"

216

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g 1llWWlltu il;;l;;; fi s"{---';.'3I iii.--llrrij1lnlenmour-t*ioHlfG:yJl?ltsucrp1,o_er)[yypeof".'lle.'gu%tsui:sEgoo.dlcgrrna-c:Fr.ltrlru_rillrrurosl-Jali-{r'orri(Jr,t'te,d^,d:ind1tn?o6icrJp:rrr"e_,pdp.d"i9olt"liu?]aisttuicoorrrrlirroiulu;n1ltroior,rp}."urr.n,cluo1l1ry1rJ1o9J',.c15lreslrn1u._xurszEJrrld1tr_1llJ-le-5i1n;ri;?T;frprTf:;p,n!T;.frEir,Ti-o,l,nnc"}n-'s-tf1_p-fnsi.r4rur'.en'.rr,p61nsiorrT-'.rrF.6rdrFol.'$u,iJlflpfn1ff.oigrifForSr-psm[}*oiiGlnrpf;r.eriEuri-[li

'lilsuas elsc3.rr.rJ ri1 '('11r clB?lznIU rolrrurol uri.rnr'1sutr.l ut 'e1ie-tnfour ut) ?[]

.rr7 itffittff*inidTdu-r:itr-pm;6mb".l .rrsBlr re [nsuas q ,ifin1t1nuo, ap uaopl

(g,f,OErI+-t{egl3E1{')u.slasdngu.r15 .X

xl BruoJturs 0!0s 0ltv

(gOet-tag1) rau4rn.rg'y

IualAcau

(9I6I-g/8I) .le5a5 'q1

S 109. Gama hexatonali

, fn. rnPoarta spre alonalisru. irlit tlin pun'ct tle r edere praclic, cit Sj teor-etic.

ilrilrrz-ptq'?+3*
@"r.ilililonul. rezidi in gama ,crorr{atici diu f*.QL
c.are provine. Pentr"u a infelege acest lu,cru ,este necesa,r sd ,revenim cLr citeva.Sxli&'r{'

c4ongsuiG.mda,dem,racalrioicnraor:,rsnnutaipctrtiaictigoiann,rancleaciri,lce, ,fsrieio,nrrdencsapact,,ciit;ciiicoi,.artotogara,tfeiaa,eolees,mlee,netleelmorelnctleordnbai.nt-icf*tenAne^asli"-t,e4,t.tt:jX-,r'&Wo.;,l"
talile invecinate, pistrind princ,iyriul apartenonlei f,ieicdrui ele,ment c,r,ornatic

rcestor tonalitili.

Ganna cro,rnaticii insi, in care nu 'se tine seanla de apartenenla ,elemen-
tclor sal'e cr'olnatice la vreuna din tonarlitiifi,,e,ste'o gu,md cromaticd. atonald.

Din a'coasta gama'cromatlc[,atona'l{, dacf, se me"rge 'drin ton in,ton, se

obline un siste,rn alcatuit din 6 sunete, dispuse la 'intervale 'de ,to,nut'i, nu,rrtit

g,anta hexaton,ald, sa't gama prin tonuri:

Gama
hexatorald

In c,azul de mai sus ,arn a,lcatuit gama hexatonah ,util,izi,nd elernentele

crolna,tirc,e notate cu cifrel'e rfa'ra tsof (1, 3, 5, 7 eLc.). Se poa'te inisd tot ag,a,cle
bine ,sir oblin,em o gatlli hexatonalir" utiliz,,ind d,lernontele c,rcrm,atice d'in ordinea

cu sot (2, 4,6, B etc.), in care caz ,scara va incep'e cu sunetu{ da diez sau
cu errarrnonicirl ace-ql-,uia, re benr'ol :

5 ti 7 lJ 910 111?1J7't

6ana cronahci
atonala

0ama
hexatonald

Ile o,bic,ei. accasti a'doua gatna hexatonall ,se noteazi enarmonic astfel:

Gaina hexrrton:rlir poate {i fo,rtnata pe orice sunet clin c'ele 12 ale scirii

cro,Dratice.

1 A se vedea capitolul VII - ,,Sistemul tonal cromatic"
2t8

(t I6
'alpuolpxaq larup6 alB ]rpls g loiJ:)

porTsoloJ urrd pJrldxo os qIp,Jrznlu pJrlJ,pld ul olrulrlul IrJp16olro alalrrtoJr(I r

illl,I fi IW ff

: Olr.IEttI I.InUOSI{1 IBtt- nu rlzBoturJoJ OS cilrs ololde.rl urP aracarJ ad eJaJeo
-ep '|l.tp|il InPou rs ols'eurnu r?rrrr e,s - A,ltlOtllr.L€ lrI - !lullollrxeII PUIPN

: I rJrls ala.lEol
orB oll Inletrns ed Fllnr.IlsuoJ l?llluoll?xotl B'tuuC
nl'duoxa
.,t ai1a"i{11;J39[lilii11
'rrr-r
+f, 4f \, r +#f -'lruJn -oJds'-

_-Ga,t"4-tl4r.ruruotluII'EoJpI'Iu-li.iutb*B.o-:l-1s.ltpo- .*-L'*. p;ul^u 6pJ tl lills,elBotr alBlrrouos

rllql?rrB^ur rs;tee,cB ptrrl 'sal.rjtrg.rurq't:JlsJJu aJlrrp

uJ.nlEU ep n:urnu

eiue*a1rp'rc,ruotr esu$ nc'e1euo1r:xoq letuuE ll1u r.rg:;s asuS rc,ep, Elsrxfi
-qJ1noT'ifl,iiJp*rlun1
.

r,i ptrllnd Eaaltisrour.,rBocel.'reluierpirieol"itr*ii"ifidij:iiiil."fauisoarlirirtnroicl rofrsiuss:ilEj Fr,.ornt"ld,fpffirai;?1ffrlieairrfr.ro ,rcl

tTiriiEuapiib

eae9 '*z

: uJqos 1u .r,o[u'ur, I,nJalo,BJ,B3L r^rzua.rlsgd oJrl?c .II I u]deatl rI puld ,.ro]J,rqqo:r *
01uJ€lIB dl'dpJl dJrJ,o(Jo'.r ur .rui '.rb;r'n.s, clE.lJllE rldoJl a.trJJ,n u1 ptr rso1o.; .rBc.r; rrbru
-u! Llnirol ap JIL'A.rallil uI Jsndsrl, Jl(leJl ep eunr,sJi.lns o lurnJlsuoJ;.ruc ad
ooJ,uo?Juo pzecl ep launs un ur os : IoJtsB l?zea[rJoJ as ee .c,rlcerd poru uJ r'{*

V T>-.

i Y*

-Br--

tr{eloiliile gi arrmoniile bazate p" g^,Tu*!"I3rtq:g'14-guglt*,Jc-qqg!9l.lb.rlqr'
Eilmaiestrie qi in sit'ua,tii a'decvate,
neobi irri. o:'i sint Prr'oTrrii ce.:
gsr;r;a;,*nhiuEl, tfoa"nttfafis:pri9c,4ii.J:-f4f-i*yir,aq-,!etaxollqq,lr_groaza,,
haoticul., c,o:lr!urur!1,9_-v.39i,

7/'cstottrpate'. etos se datoregte f ap'tuliui ci sc,ara hexatonah os,te cons,truiti
Acest
numai din tonumi intregi Ei n-are a'trarclii fu,ncfionale, ca in tona itate.

Exernpl,e din literatura muzicala :

Cl. Debussy ( 1862-1918)
,,Voiles", preludii pentru Pian

Tena f

G. Piern6 (1863-1937)
,,Cydalise et 1e Chdvrepied"
Suitd de balet pentru orchestrd

N. A. Rimski-Korsakov (1844-1908)
Opera ,,Sadko"

\\-"._-_\

s2 Fiind utilizatd cu predilecfie pi cu mhiestrie de cdtre DebussY, gama hexa-
.tonald se rnai nume$te si gcmc 1ui DebussY.

220

lz7,

'arrca1tr,L suaDrssard chzurtdsll)trlouoJ 'loulg^\ 'H I.Ipx r

: olrrEru

9lJSAc roun InJp'BC u!, EstrrJdnLc prrrrl Ednrr8 a.ru'JarJ ooctrJ'laulrs e'6n13 Pnop
rrlp ru,Iu'nu 4r,nrilclt: lulsr outols.Is allslelac, 'nalnrlDd 1I) ftpoltt rtt 1ttr1clatutr

: uolrtuos 'uo]rlues 'uol : BoitrrpJo 1I!
elezage oe,lucer; olerlns F oillt, € edn.I8 f' urp trrnlliclB also DaIlarI In UpoN

: rro] crrolrttrros : llorrrplro uI olBZ
-aSB "arecarJ elouns t al!c, e ocln.ri I, urp l,rnilrirtr€ elso Dafop p ppotr[

: uol eP, Ie^Jelur E[
asnclsrp oeJecerS olou Fnop, e1!J, B ednr8 eses euriqo lod, as, Bre.rgr' lnlerJel
-Eur no'Eleuoluxaq B.rucs r3fsuI elsa lllelruml arirzodsueU ix polu InlurJd

'eJBolErr.[

-m lednJF lB leunsl lnur"rd no oprcuroo Bdn.rff o.,r1rr!p' launs Inurrlln oJBo
tr1 'oleuns ep e,c,uqeurrs adnJ,F urp 'alelco raumr InJpBJ u1 o1rn1gc1e prrrrJ poul

eJs.cerJ 'tdot| nes lpolu op' c'seceur,8 crluB alarurnrr Ep eI eJoJEJ 'r"lnporu 1 al$ar
-nJlsuoc uoerssotr 'releuoluxerl IB F,c r$ ecrleurorc TTJEJS Inier"rolllru, nJ
'l olouns alF od, lrri.rud r€urnr
eunrdsuiB,Jl lod as, oofrsec€ llrcnJlul ,(.,s,a91run1 strorltsodsuu"rl t s,opour,.) lly)f
-tut\ a(uodsurJrl nr unpau lllllnuop,'rJrmpotu ap,nrurdo;rd rnalsrsi un e1 sunfu

Be I-opnplduunarrxoa4 e'(Jndis1u- uoprssal, Ja,r'trIO 'fiBuolexaq uac, IS ForleruoJ,c, BJeas
rS ueurssalq '1a,reg) arirzoduroc u9 aroaau nea^E o.re&

ep alecrzn,ru aptua+srs r{nfiurs azealc rS-ES' }BJJoou! ne rJo}rzochuoor rru11

PlBtIuIII alilzodsuurt no lrnpotrtl '0II S

Modu/ alwte/ea
'eju4

Irlodul al,raptelea

* r/ro" ,/,

I)ii,rn utai i,os un exemp,lu,rle folo,sire a uuo,dulr-ri ll [r.ei,l,eacu triulipozitie

Jr'rrtilatI, ,tle ,cirtre O. Mestsia,en (ton, ,sern'iton, iseruiton) :

22

T,ZG

6u1u1c u ap Euaru,uru Bc Jul o"rololuaulnulsur ale FliIrrII{ aP' a1a,r1,st8a.r, ele.roleitl
lrls' ePlun "arjn.Esaqtto u1 ri alulnper 1[IS' o]Lnrsltlorau rulu ele'c ela]J,a][

'a.rapea ep lcund lsooe urp, sooxa

pu!]B] aluuolu o1rrn1 rl.red'('rfo // csnJg un pzucluln dLl un rdnp) aiulnu cp

.efnu'1,s'u.4nor r€ru alar alotcala a.r,aplr:co'rd*1c,.:_t:tp*lry_I:.!;+:u"":! yi

'1rnu,3rqo rnlnodur'a1 lrncol UIL Elrinc,se, rS 91er.re,t I,urrr Bat, nt6oBy
'(erurlr.nilod) Jolr.iolB^ ole o,llerrx.torrr rrrnlZrAr,pc[ns

rs runrzr^rp nc ('c1e otololr'l?^c 'a;e1orr1) aluuo,rid,aoxa lunlzl^lp tp o_il-1":rrtqo
ulintl ruur' lliBrrrLcl'tuoc u,rp lirrltInzoln Bels'ata ;atrcrfdfri66*lJlilullJ ap"ag{auii'l
-fidifi$ rs umCo.rii'-irJiis.r.U-ap; rrr'r1dutr1tid"f,.frj6id'."r*ffilt^nf

"ijCatu.ri"ffiF .gc,rleurola urur8

F.ro,Jo eI, oc alairurs op, DrJes rleol ur.d aluulnpotui rJ,npJoce nc o's-np{rloa.r4 'aurs
ug docsi un prr ra '?t1sr1rlu nep,aco;rd un Pc nu rar{e1np,oru ee'le{urrlggilt1l_*-

.91-Bl.rtlquol
t*:3u_p;rsp-u"lt_Bs9al?l.nr1{;1'otu9r,'f$'f.iu"9cl,Jrqur,rooJ-wg1oontullnul-..iyrre.n9ujrgo911l8:.fu9f"o.9o39"1.:qu:9tf!J1::d1i{"l-JrgnBlr::o:: leuzu_rle! opuunr.Srd;i'If'{"lsn.,rptxrdaocguee*.ro''aapu!n1acul9en.nrdsnaespt

.elaundu.rclrnsi rrrp lBurJoJ BIOce gcr,pu oecrsulc rrrlznun lnsuo,s ult lnpmc,y
'trlr?trJ Eiuelrodurr o pul.rs JJrlarrroJo,- lau:pE _lu lJuns, eJ.Eaer t
ilffi-'1Enil;fsro5;r+;nruerroulrnuEr$le-nsu,a6la1uruso@1 Ifnrlsul?asi!*ui1if'feiluiouusolpsrJps, lJ-ofiFIBlJalu,r
alrJ1i,tlozrarr rS ayu

*_
*-:ixirse-r-"J-HelLlt'J"P;
TS-;uuol [nurr]sns ur EJurpJo rsrtrqE]s
eJ__gllb_91 g13g1*!Zlcj-_H_I,'P-'(tr,t
;i"'rni*r"a; Ah4rlf;;1 d'4""-ffi.*r.rooru, rs'uaecu o.re ]ouns- o,recer,d

aAB130IaunEoJuzI,.trpr3c!pir-{.$!irluro.rce.n"cser".ap,o.,;39ffiffiTo.

: aluotu.tD 1* arpolau DI lolmud

: eIpJBolEttIJ'n ]u!s - IJUIII ]lull uJ - rnlnlllrsll,Euol€ elrrcllsualcBJB]
'lBpour

rnleJ lnJPBr, ulr rs 11o, '1uuo1 rnlnulatrsrs InJpBc u! 1!18 lnzBrr Lrre-I. lour Jolrs
rnlil,Jlto,c fviit:neii:tjidttri4of'leastudruon"rlr'ou.7araop7 o*etit.TJnJsdJlunn adifi,fitzirJirtpi-oflftifloiri-*rifdi{*p"1,-"1fi'ig;1gig1-7;-ri,

:rt r^) r q. LD r a
-JlAoc rn.rpc Iu 'fsuol l o 7

) I-sa)D liJpuopnqns N
njuolndut p?aau as atoL tt1 pnr1stttoclutor pralrnru ; ;i's;lfrini'Witbrv
(

IntusIIBuotV 'II[ S

'alBlrIBuol ri
p,om urp Brpoleru 's"le''tnr nu 'erpolaur urp, cslrrr asi Belelr{Buo1 rS ppolq

'alJruo{u ri aluo5 ul,urgJ Io}illB orarse;rdxa uqtnls ur asnd luls oJBJ

rr! uJnsPw u,! llr,op, E)usrut a{eolp,r o nu nu'alec,rznur JolrJllcs u e.rrfgSoqurl
,o crnlllsuoc rSe,p '1ulc'rlrlJp oluaJc alrJnpour lio ljsul rupzrca.r,cl fs ernqa.rJ

p\nz\cateJ.e, frlajeoletele, femolo, glissaardo etc., iau locul son'or:ritalitor oliiq'

nuite, norma,le, ale instmmentelor"

In Jornte si'nI evilaLc tiparcle t'lasice ale compozi liilor cu binecunoscuta

lor' 'sirnetrie.
@
Cu alte ,cutrinteo in aproape toate co'mpartimentele crrealieio 3j9*d fl31

poxnc$te ,lr ]g ideea de ,a se cvita 'or:icc procedeu folosit 'mai inainte 9i de-

a rgnora o,rrce p'frnclplu "l-;;;i constmc[ii ]:azate p. .*iri.r,1" unui c'eutru

tonal.

Negincl legile gi procedeele .care s.a,u dezvoltat in decurs'ul istori'ei 'olne'

lririi, aionali,srnui introtlu,ce in crealie haosul, lipsa de 1o'gicd, combinafiile
;i calculele lipsite de sens a,r'tistic Ei chiarile cel qtiinlific'

Erempie de melodii atonale :

A. Schtinberg ( 1874-1951 )
Varia{iuni pentru orchestrd, op. 3l

Molto moderato(j=BB)

Delicato poco rit.

pac0Jf A. Berg (1885-1935)
Concert pentru vioard
224
espr--

926 II IOA 'rrJrznu " tu0al ep iDlujJ at

'aIiBsIZruU eUTOJSIS pulrjOU 'ouoel ap 'llJlpr] rnun In]ro-rqa arBJ iacl 1t.9_..o.rlp-;_(ple
-Blsi[pur]oJ Prnleu ep uplsoJTuBilr eliE IS p3uJ ]urS r
-olEalB'Plorluo) pJlzniu)

"Elrftnt.illJ nJ qpilllliJLrJ puiri.rlErroi] sunfe B ua;rrrrrJuro a].t1r;1

€tr F.irillnr o E,rsPtsuo:rsoP u 1irur0.)srr 'ieJCI oJr.ro nc rorr oJuollrlu op llllJirJ

u-nrJfcd'irSrir-iunlnl.&nIrSrriia-{ritllollJiiirrr;}'L:}LxlIri{ Lirr{.Iii,iJlrJ-r';}i1L:\rtI-r.rir1;-)ql]oc},rtilcl}i BacJ 1o1 t1 a.iuirrnrlal r?ld,urr-c
lua"rJ
r? o} iroaS 1ol B BaJ?i

.uIJJt[tr'q]sIIuLIIJo] LrJn:iBu cll o:]ss llEir! LllitJtzr',{tr }rriaa.rc rI Intlrsrlunoltri

'1 In{nrti
-srluuollr elu n.rJltl J{i ciesi}ilro.rci rrrp BrJllo lr]r?[i.ro]rrr trr:lrrazord ury

+

epJPoJ njlliad Ja+JuA3
(Sfol-eaey) u.raqa.,X1'y

Lrnl,ps nJ ''J1a rlr.roLr'BunldJ-i .lpunJos ielioilrg.t iq ai:nrr

.- -Srqoau 1rr!s, erruolrJa{}op oiLrpolour u1 o.rapqrc.rd ap e]el lercads rrg +a:1i-lrio;
nc
-rp apc 4rstij'di SFId-iE

-!r.r,)s rrC,r;1rr1 r.nlzrudo r* rr.rq.rnir..1slp *rl,,,,,,,,,r,.,.l.
II rcuns Lrnr ul rr,c.te.r eluocl csr nlrr (eoo,f,e ag Yeielio?ti Cie; 31!-:- btTtirbs: bi"1iii
-fr.s ar1u,p ErnrrnoJ,\ n iaJ lrurntrn urr-Jlrrr CClcrriilflriii'- louns rn.r!rter; crjrzrri{
--r[t*;Buouec!le?uoJl'rldaroaiaur]nartqpernrtr-at5'epp,iriaro:rs]o$adeurcttntrrrlsncurts8eJrcrtai),T,t.turugnrr1r?o'"agr,r,ar-J,"iTqr"nqaueiirp.puir1,rrrropl-unr.l'rrr,irstur.eona-rllil.lorucrons.1rslrnnS1o.rna-pJcuulluJcLlapcrp,rr1u,Er,rsel]uas1olurcrj;d{;-1i-ioefpfrir.rn1glr,rr*r,:r.ri;i
nrr'cltniierraslr.ilioulCt.'JJ1luiotple*rlFnsu,r1pu"noijidffit-:uJ nrutnlT ltJ;p urslTf,uotc
_-.rsoap as' I prr.res p:.rrrm- alt ap a1..,"
glytlnn-ji
a-appuonpaoptuno7nlt)as_*.icrroTlDotuuoop.t.ttollwlu2a.Aw?ap.f]r)ao:tpauu1n1.s?""r|uyaT4os7rsa.cunp-.;1ij1"u^! ?aTI"nl.L::pinfii4il's(piLJoruco[;n"_i;t;
'in\ntust\'nuolD r) lrl'rrLo.tr niu1,t,rtrpnls tp 7r?r alsa TnuiTrno;S,i?to11

InmsruoJBoapoff .aII s

Procedeele de crealie ,intelectuali'ste, rnatemat'ice, 'dogmatice ale atona-

lisruului pot sa insemne gi ele ceva din punct ,de vedere teltnic, m'uz,ica iustr

este nnai rnult decit un si,nrplu cal,c,u,l al. ,seliilor, ea cuprinde .stdri emofio-

ruaie, cue ,,Iornesc tle la ini,mir gi merg a inirmi".

Poezia nu este uu sirnplu calcul ,de 'cuvinte (orinduite intr.un anunrit
fel), dupi crim pictu,ra adevaratir nu inseanlni lrn joc ,intirnp'ldtor a'l culo-

rilor pe pinzi.

Incordarea ,asculiti din lwnea di,sonatlelor cu oare te intimpind orice

lucrare atorraia se transfonn[ repede intr-o rnonotonie care aduce plictisell:

ilezinteres. d ezrrridej cle.

Ciutind sri fie o,r'i g,inali ,cu orice p,re! rgi vrlncl 's[ nu mai ,semenc cu

nimic din ccea ce este tonal, compozito,r'ii atonali n-au giisit ac,eastA.origina-

litate, ci, ,dirmpotrir.d, tur, o.ians sd, seme.ne su.Ttdrdtor - in lu'crdriie lor -^
tuttii cu alyii.

Limitarea lor erpresivi gi unilateralitateir lor rezu,lti ilin insegi surbiectr)le

acluse in scenii ,de atonli.ismr: o{oarea, patologicul, 'distr,ugerea etc., prccur}r

+i din lipsir unui confinut de idei utnanizant, rinalfator', o,ptimi,st.
tr{uzic,icni de mare prestigiu s-arr lllonun{at categoric impotriva :prr)cc-

rleelor de lucru atonalc:

leg,il.e,-{dteonoarlgisatniiizzadrreunacriminoirn,fincnad,ag,irnmenotdulamli uazic,siui n-ete'sloisrteeu,raublotroanteald. eEirnuuezaicga:i

clasicir. Adeptii dodecafoniei merg 9i nnai departe pe 'd,rurnul niruirii trarli-
liilor clasice ii al ingustirii bnzei de cleafie a rnuzicii. tinicul factor dili-
guitor in cotultunere'ir rnuz cii clevine o ,succosiune de 12 sunete cc ml slr re-

petd, succesiunr: aleasi ar',bitrar, care cletennini :rrmonia, r'i lrnui, tirnbrurili,.

structnra q.i chial paleta orchestrali ,a lu,clarii. Dogrna paraliza.ntd a dodp.

tafoniei ucitle fon,te:iu contpo:itorLtlui, sufletul aiu al nutzicii. lntr-un asltei
r!e proce,s de <<cleeiie>>. bazat pe p,rinc'ipiu,l <<org,arriziil'ii totale a .sunetelor>>,
compozil-o'rrrlui i se Lezt-.Lvi uu n'ol jalnic. I)l nu mai controleazd imag,irtt:u,

sttrtord. ,perltlri cri uccasta rezulti dc Ia sine tlin corelatiile sonole cul.trinsc in

,rserie>> ,.i dedusc lraternatico' (D. $ostahovici gi V. \'-inogrado\r - Rci istl
-.1", nr'. 1,i. sep,trmlrr:ic l96l).
..Komrnuni

..rr'iata meil apar'fiiie artcii gi cu nu tr'ebuie.qii clelin apllitorul tcridin-

!e'lor careo dup:i corrvingorea lreil. ilot dLrcc la pieirea ei.,lstfel cle tendinte
clnt irl irrirnul rind atonaiisnrrrl;i doi[ccafonisrrt'Lrl... Prin csenlcl ei, ntu:..i,.'u
<:stt: tonald. O nrrturri rnuzicrrla autenticir nrl va p'Lltea sil perccapii 5i sii rr:-
cilnoasc2i (lrept llluzicd un linrbaj 'so,nor (indifr:rent la ce rnijloace de e\pli-

mare ar recurge) cure repreziirtir fructuL unei sarnavolnicii experimentale"
strain cle legile Iire;ti alc artei noastle... L'a antipoclul acestui stil atotal

exist[ nruz,ica dotlecafonici:r, incotsetatir in Iegi stricte, care reprezintd fnuctui

rrnr.ri soi de sistcnr abstract. ce inlo,cuieqte acea logicn elementar6 din dez-

l'oltarea gindirii rnrrzicale prin legi de creafie pe cale artificialno'. (Bnuro

Valter - Reristir ,.Ifuzica'o irr. 7, iulie 1960).

226

'(lSOf '\,.IJSf, '.ru1io.r.ro.y 'It 'f ap 's.irsD.)

olqnd nr l)(l.pa oO Bc.rNlJrri rsrclpp,r-BunslIro?sJir.')JaoJluqres.'Jl)r{..l.r's';iluroi,sJueJurllrr ir.r.rr?lnp? rrr
]!cap elsro
arzr,rco,rrh nrt !]su1 lsati?.rBJlr{r

IS'lttol msrr.ruur rnun r^rpurd !spI cs !!iot n1 'plrrJrzuru qj trrrlitro; r^r'31uu1
rs"Bea38 ep EpBrrop, JIio] n:r lrp nu tlu r!g, Irirur.rn rBI'lo u1 etrrjrror osJns?.l
oJ Eapoa u n.lluad 'l;rlcsounJarr pcul 'nruaurop llsocu, azolacJe J I's pe.r,r I'J
luasrml.rqur'rtu1 rSnsug 5,r,equor1lg'aprrLle.rrl es trr'rc uSu acrrer.r.crrie,t "rolaursrl
-rrIoJ3 B luJnlqlrllau ep, lirriccsrroc o U.lu rlillllerrolrl l, llcrluur,risrs uaJrsolo1
ac pE^ nN'('fpSlt*O12tda'\1rt.IeJrSJguso.rIonpcaleru"rrl,or3u,.tlrl[cl.eflralupuosFl )escDJepolp(p!,d!
rr.rlriarl' nN'.

a-oO.rctrBua.raBrJuconeIau8lpur' ir-pnrqalrl!uceopp,u.rrHum['odr )FJr'lrerJpolsot]lerueuorgrop.rr,u4d nr pqro.t

olurourJe ap JoIrJosaJ
luq Inlntusruo]Bcopoll
BaapI 'alLIBsaralur rBru llnru rS alrur8,rpur rrrfnd ruul rlnEer eliru rsgF ealuri

Ju-s !t:i pedo'pIE?lznur, erfrzoduro3,op rJnlrls,allnrrr rBru a1e ad 11$apllc us

In,tgdrarr raJA !?cBp rS ! 1eJ l:-a?u ap aJp.nrqLn? rln8a.r ellnrrr Tcocsllrr 1od a,qo.



ffHVJN"{}\IflTd[TO 3

UCIJSHOSJ IIdICNIUd

A VHJ,HV.{



ttz

rs prnur.' irJrruBr{aellnAdrspnlnJx.,aruaJdol,lr,u*r"^u;nTB;"J:np#lB:,l:aiplt]lsiu;o:lJ3aji.rJn:qt€-ltt'HBrilrlziio"d,s'tuJpjlJi#r 51l

araf, ajpJ

'(rroTsta rnuud n") aJ€fral Bl nus plrr.to tS ?suJs
: rJnPJ gnoP ap t; elr:od rS 1u,r.ra4u,r ?3rJo EI acBJ o1e0.d asr Briilzodrs,uBJl

'af' 1n1auns

lmJe Br e.re ,ri1e1rod ed Esucsu! op elou of ol InrLroc n'r1uad : n1d'urexo

J(I'llJn14.lud u1 ?sr*cs, ellco llcop' elaruls allu lrura',ro1 rerlcn.rls-uoc Bznec rtrp

'e,Je'J eluoul,rr.tlsur 'u.tolrzoclsrnt.tl alaluolul.4sur DI olunlll.tpct I1J7o.rf-enru-aU n.)

.rofuut 1oruaq a{'.r,oluur' aO na lolcut xarp o(I uc]Bltlguol ultltcolrr! :11d1iax,r
oq 'rrfu.la11u eirrjncl ruur nc liplrluuol urird a,rrlnlglstroc riiu.ro lB.,01lnur n?uI
trrrcl npntl4nd ryi.trgtc o.ntSn )o
c-qasoloJ a.rec .lo1riq11ll?uol Be,Jlnco1,u-r rnlsocu -
! luaurn,rls,rrr
opo,ruoa)

rBur luls aJEJ 'rlour'eq nc riplrlurrol urutl JoI eerrrrolul ri Totuaq ?s' u! InlerrrJ
'rlc ul r'zarp nJ ;olriglriurrol ec.nelrlc : nlduraxa a11 'lua[nu]sup 1;ute-ru nrlrrarl
elelr{uuol f}[u o no ripo,ruocur a]B]rluuol o
'Eporuoc rBnr dI qguuett.rqd:ossrnozz-aur op
rlelrtlc II ?luod us, EJBoTA ruluad g.mlqrud o
l'4e gpu. ?p

qlclulrS IJ Fltod 13s prru:rdgs, n;precd risrJics, 9lr-r,1r1.rutl, o : t-rldruoxe eq .illrrrii,ro
u! Bs,r.rts lsol lt t531{ F-}suaJp a,rri:r rullued I,a:) lloap,._ru.ri ruur nus JnJl?
tutur 'l,uorurnJlsrrr lle r1€s JJoA flir n'Ja,lleuqoudr.rfql€c,csroz:unoulusr!a{upslEeaJtritdz,'ob4da,osXtradun.Juulp?nluno1tlp'o-i51nuu1d
'1nu1aul 'lnulr.r 'lnpoul B'J elucrznu eluorual ollelgl€J eleotr JBr oaurrilgug
EIIB ed' BzBan.l'rs cs J.rnJ 'r:c1u,1r1urro1 rnrrr.nrr irlru'ur1cs, el arirzod tre.rl u1

', alinodsunr! algaunru ns

au!1pul ap arinod lltlv ad awtj1pul ap afitzod o ad ap nDS ,t?Itrop a1o1ryoru,; i '

o-t7u3 q1utt8t.n 'rla1nJrlDltol lt'tp afDJlztltu asarr.! tatnt n pli,Di;a nantnpu.ttlalJ

VI,I I ZOd SNV}IJ

AX TN'IOIIdY:)

S l13. Transpozifia serisfi

T'ranspoziliu sclisir se f ace copiind in intregime partitu,ra rnuzicalir, clirr
tontlitat.ea,originlln, in alta tonirlitate.

Perrtm l ,tc,rlizu acest luctu, se Iac urtniitoarcle opera{ii:

- se prc'cizeazir tonalitrtea originali ; doriur -"i transpuneru, ctl armtli'ii
--,se stabiieite nouit tonalita'Le in carc

ei;i interr-alul carc de.sparte, din punct dc vetlere al inillimii, cele douh

ronalitrrti (rlc r-rern1lu: trirnsprincrll la c settuntlri lnare. terfi nricil" cvrtl't.r

trerfectti superioitrii sau inforioarl etc.) ;

airoi-copsiscrsucrri.eoir 't[ier clreie arulura noii to,nalitali in c,arc voint sil ttanspturerlt ;
notelc lrr ill.cn trlul cc ,desparte noua torralitale de ctrrr

,,-crlte, Iinitrrl cont ca yrriuia notii sii {ie aceearii treill)tii in ttoua tonalilrlttr
(treairtir I, II, lII,.[\'etc.), r,'u rtcctrt;i IuIrcIiune,'cit li i]1 totialitatlrr

,;ri ginalii.

in cazLrl cirrrI lriesir rnrrzicali nu conIine alteralii accidet.rtalc. votn oi]- I
ser.va t.ii. dupii cre s-a stabilit nota ou calc irlcepenl truuspozi{ia iu ut,,Lr;
Lcirralitete, nlr urai cstc ner-oie sir sc cir,lculeze decit,tnirituea carrtitirtiv:i a i
irrtcrlalclor' { tcr'1rr. cr ar1ii" c\;r1tri ctc.), dcoalcco cllitateir lor (perf ectii, Il1itt't,
rliiirritri cic.) r'a reii:5i clatori ti rroii annuri.

Spre ercntplu: sii transltutlelu la o tcrlii rllictl il{erioara li la o cv:r,ft.i
rniiritri ,-.u1leriour;r rnr:lodia dc mai jos:

Tonalitat'e origifta/i I. D. Chirescu

tln poco marei,lle. Sub al pdcii stinriard

Trantpt'ncre cu o terti mici iferioara

<<:- lr
:

z-F ::=-F

Tnan,rpunere cu o cvartd nTAriEtuqerioare

232 -

bi,c'

'.roltallJ t1.fi.t(Lut1ry.)s lrt.Lrylrt{D ttJ iltj t:t}ds ut}.tJ .{I
| (.ro11.roqo.t

flt:$.IoJrns DrJBruro.IJ trolrurits e1).to7nyt i]..).mqwqLJS y2"172{ nljt:ods.iLrJT.e.
: rilnlsJ Pnop €p ry eluocl PE '!lrJop BolulIIErro] rr1 f1riirrfrr.ro ualltlT{uu{tl

flrp alurrznu ras,ord e Ello.rrp €oJrlrc ur;rcl eJrl as.Fiur,o erirzod,irrilrl,

(u1sr,r BmTrrI u) p1u.ro ugilzorlsuue; .?IE ;s

'r^r1ep r1 erjrz

-oclsue"rl o ouriqrl as u n.rlrrod 'Jol.llLr \.rslirr ualnlrlu'J r3 !lllllarlpt oin{lc.r1 ',r1rl
-rraprc,JB einiu.relle .recle a,rec ng alol crrrrd rrr 'rlcp r"roundslru.rl aiJ{[u{1, ]11

: erorlJ FtlB ui r3 ltr.rls alertd ntur es, ra I
"tt?Ji!i Indlsr8a.l ur 01:ras F3 es urp0{eur cptrn olo?l? no.rerrndsire.r] urln lljtl x.T
1
Pla.i1t-N *rep o 4? 3i4ptJ9!eJ1

g/HueJu €JLIJ epaiJe.g c oJ erefodsuell

,,Eplosl rS uulsirJ" ulado
(eggt_elg1) :auFe,16 .|l

: so[ rutu op erpolaitr fJuorJaJtri EJrJoSJrur Lr]JBi3
o ui iS EJcorJoJril lrJrlu ?p,rrn]as o ul ruaundsuu-r1 ?s : nldniaxa a.rd{

-^r1BlIIBJ oJoparr ap lcirnil u1p IS lJf, .^rlulrluuJ
cralio.t ep trrtrnd urp lllu IIiErollu urrd pzeauro1 os, oc eplu^ralur urfIncIBJ ES
rnqeJl B^ 'JluluaprJcu lliuiraliB eurjuo:r Ep?rznu rsard. pulr ljsrr! lnzuJ uI

'q.rnrudu enou ui;rd ou'rs, BI, op, Bzrrleo;r e,r as E;ro1soce
seletrlBc 1!Julrr! '.ro1a1u,.r.re1ur EoJl,ilrlruJ tr.cap, rrr1r inJiBc gs iro-{arr a}sa ietlr

nu 'modecu! eJuc t.Ic. E]ou llllqe]s ur,e or qd'np ,r.rcundsurrl olef[rLrB uI

a. Transpozilia tdrd. schimbarea cheilor (la semiton cromatic)

'frunspozi.litt I.o urt, senitott cronle.tic suitrn' se ,{ace duprr uriullton-

'.'cle r'eguli : iu gind armrrra tonalitilii r-echi cu tceca a toirali-
cro,ntal,ic su'itor. S,pre exernplu : trlnsprrriind
tilii -noisesitiurralo'tcriulica5tuen ,serniton

tlirr Re ltemol ntttjor in lie rnajor r-uur inlocui arrnura tlc 5 llelnoli. u p,riurr.i

ton,a.litirli, cilr arrnura .de 2 diezi a celei,de a do,ua tonalitagi;
{6i1[6 notele se citesc la {el ca in
rirllrl-ra orrigirul, in concordantA insi cu
nolrii. irr af arir de ce e cu alteralii
aocidentalc-:

-- alteragiile acci,dcutale intihiite ie vot nrorliiir'.r 1n'itr ttrrrtrea lor cu

ttn semilon crotna.tit'.. tstf a,l :

+FU devine b; b ; !-['$#lc

-hl)e exott,plrr: sl tralrspl.rneru Ia I sernilon cronratic suitor meJodia dc

rnai jcrs:

C. Saint-Sa6ns ( 1835- 192 t )
Opera ,,Samson 9i Dalila"

lvlelodie fn tonalitate origina/d

frantpunere cu ltemirnn d'omattc ruitnr

Tt'ttttslt,tii 1i1t lu utt sotttil,,n crt,tnutic , oboritor :e f lrCe tl rr|j rrrrn;ito:r-
lclr reguli :

-- se inlocuieste iu gind almurl t,,'nalitirtii ltrlri cu aceea a tonalitirtii
noi siturata la un scrnito,n orouratic cob6r1l191. S,pre exemp u : ,trranspunirnd
dirr ,Sol rn,ajor in Sol bemol major, r-om inlocui a,rrnura de I diez a prinrei
tonalitili ou ilnllurx de 6 benrol,i a c,elei de a doua tonaliti{i:

_- toate no,tele se citesc 1a {tl ca in or.iginal. in conco,rdanfii iir.l cri
irrmlrra noui, iu afa,rii 'de cele cu alterl{ii aocidentale:
trit s-tttni,atoltnercarolirilnetrlricc,ciadset{nctral l:e intiln,i te rc t'or nroditica prin r:oborirea l,r cu

x devrne --->$ ;fl --*q ' h ----b ; 6

234 -Fb

9EA

lltunrr l; ,op : 'c+a los. ,n{ ,tu 'a.t

a1eod, 'le.lc I Joloo ecJrsolo,p rrr;r,cl prtralrns, : nlclnraxa eg

n'adr4eo1p"ro'Ad I'eFdlIeSporrIzcJnoItluBBlsruJ[,uplltt.rJqescdusrnpe.{roE,1r1lej1J1odeearle"urc1rol "eer,lduuolro,]rsorur)rrnnrasuerrlp},nIr,(roAol,ieIeoc$a11nuIo.IrI1o1rn,,uItruIr.rnod3Iaule,yordll
'a1eluapr'?cB .loirr j e.ro11e rcur,a1qo"rd

EaJEAIiozo{ u1 r3, ;oparlc eo.rrrurlsqns' 1]l .?r€o'1r,,!rrcl rrgzrlead E,\elJc ruacu} ps

eu!,tllq"n ruW'BJOJSao,B J,olrJntuJ€ rS "ro1rig1r1euo?, eeJBIilB pur,rrr. alnosouna
elrrlnHa-r pdnp ceJ es, Bots?cE 'lliBJodo Enop, elorrrrd e1s.o,rr.r,cl eo peorr ul

'Enou EalBlIIBuol u! I1I3 u[o,{ a'[ pu,lic uEqlmrqcs n{r nBS r{relns

J,o,! alBtruoPic'cB 3l,ll4BJ4trB alou .rorrpo uieJ ult e ur€ul rB'ru a'p ur,rt$ gg .p

i e1e1r1euo1 unou uJ lcorl,p Iuorznur Inlxal rtrro e ep lntlocs ncr .Elr.rcp
urirzoclsuu.rl Bp' eA eu aJBr aroqc' ?llE irr"r,cl rrllo.t rreqc ee*trnlllseprs .t

: ro BJnur{,1? uaua,tlr

-asB op 1S erfrzodsu,t?rrl nroJBJ Es, urrJop ali?,J u! JfirSJleuol u€nezmoJ,d .e
I erelsecr a.r{rurJe nc eleurEr.ro Ili11r1nu,o1 Be.rrFq,Btrc
.I

: a.reo1,p8.ra,ur

-e-rd rrie.led'o nlleel e.rnseoo{r llrlS rrirzoclsue.rl letrsarr Batrezrl.BaJ n.rlued

uolrtu€s uI Beace ?p !J,BJe ur - '.II,oBlI-€uIaIclrirEel1Jt,sPqarIJurrJI{oJsBuI.UEdluerocuu;rier-zqo-dsuSulrl;u,uro.riJ

rolleqt lppqtulqrs ;n;o1nfu nr egilzodsu?rJ .q

"lcJ ls+JE op rarir,zot{rs,rrBJ} €crurla} uI
alucrlduoc euralqo.rd aund nu r$ lolrorlo reJBqrulqcs qJrI ocuI, as, Dillnuo,n

mltzodsun4 nus' arleuroJc rrol,rrrussr e1 erirzodsuell '1nzPl e-s urnc qtlmg

e!pqeul

(806I-ttg1,,)oliaPoE4Su"se.r.ioeyd-6l{surlg'V'N

gl 1 : sol reul op

BIpoleul; Jol;J{oqoC cl}BUIO.r,r rr,O.11111nt un, uisundrsu€Jl gsr .nylrruexa eq

Aceasta irrscamlra ci'r. folos,ind cheile. o pie'sir nnuz,ica,lii cu aceasti tonicii

poate fi trausptr'-sri irt oricare tonalitate.,pe c,ricare di1 treptele,scalii crornatice.
in ceea co,jrrive$tc ultimul pLrnct, arlicir r-qf, gti'rn de mai inainte in

la!a ciror uote altcraliilc accidentale vr-rr fi notli'fic,ate qi care din ele vor

rirmine neschitnbate, se procedeazi astf el :

In cazul transpoziliei de la o tonalitate depresiurl, spre unui mai expan.

siud,, pe linia cr;intelor (transpozilie a,-"cerldenta), ,se calculeazi dif eren!a de
cyinte dint,re vechea pi noua tonalitate in care transpuneln qi, dupri cum ue

vom giisi,,la 1,2,3,4 etc. cuinte su.itoure clifererr[ii, vom,considera tot atitel
rrote din,ordinea fa, tlo. sol^ re, la, ni, sr (ordinea diezilor) in fa{a ciror.a
altera{iile accirlcntale sc lor urcl cu un ,serriiton crornatic :

Sb rlevine b ; b -----..--'h I h.--.-_'fi i $.---_-*x

Alteraliilc accideutirle intilnite in fn{a altor note l'oi' r'iimine ne-

schiurbate 1.

In cazu,l cc1 se trrLnspure r.!e ls o t.onctlitute nni e.tltansiuti spte tutct rtrti
depresiad, pe liria ctintelor (transpozilie descende,nta), procetli'inr invcrs : -qe
cnlcuieazir,tlifcrcntir de cr.irrte clinti'e lccjrea si lnoLiir tonalitate in care tLuns-
lrurrenr gi, rlulrii cr.r1n lle lorn giisi, la 1" ?. .1. 4 etc. cttirfte coltorttoru'e 'litc-
t'etrti, r-trrn cous,iilera tol atitca note clirr ortlinea si, nti., la, re. ,sol do, frt

(o,r,dinea bemolilor), ir.r fatrr ciirora al tcr:aliiile accidentale,Se vor cobori cu lrn

serniton cromatic :

$-h,$;x devine q_,b; b__.-''w

1 Transpozifia are la bcrzd calculul prin cvinte, deoarece trecerea tonalitElii
de pe un plan sonor pe altul afecteazii sunetele in ordinea in care apar ele in
sistemul cvintelor (ordinea reald). Daci transpunem ln suire, sint afectate intot-
cleauna sunetele din ordinea ascenclentE a cvintelor (ta, do, sol, te, Ia, mi, si), iar
dacd transpunem in coborire sint afectate intotdeauna sunetele din ordinea des-
cendentd a cvintelor (st, mt, la, re, soJ, do, Ia\. Diferenla in cvinte dintre doud to"
zinfneianrledictnadfiztaniu,tlircnecuinnceovdlseincaitanceredmsdtauienrramitlreseu,irnciilneteleelctoeadrrz,oougusledencetiano.fndlRdaeal(izctaduegllsait.taed)taueulpscdeinexctesumoemmpvlousag:-eaonbaetr.idn9teai tva9adiurlneaipnrd$eza4er1nmt)ausricdleiii--.

dt la,l0l m,1,ur ,'71 , la Mt maLrr (qI )?.rte 0 dtferenra de t1et cv/ntP aecen
7'enlE (4 fi- 'fi'i ) ,

(/t ra ta /na/a' !Ib la Lab ma/oi /q i, :tft 0 dtt'brenti dP fPc' Cnnte
dj!99!!!!!!, u z', -,: ),

de te i', b ,na.rat- (2b ' ta Re maJttr { 2ff t eo'te o diferentd de palru cv;nte

a,rcc,cderlfe f a b, j $ - + t,

,Je la La ,na1ur (?fi) la Fa malor (1 , t e,rte o diferenld rle pdin, cwnle
gg!e!!g!!!- ! J I, /'o - + )

236

LLb

pga./tn| x na eJn J./ieratle = x

el/ut !//2.9 O OJ ]JELNd:L,PJJ

: alir(lilrrlcs;Jrr Juirrri].r .io_r rJrllo[Jnr Insur,rdnc utp elulrru[]iJ
..rB rrlu.lallu olFlal"J '(c4umo;r; uolrulijs 1 ril) ;rolrns uJrJlpour Jor\ ?-r ollrrl!i
.rrI a18:liraplccu oIlriirJollB uro-lpJ uluJ rr! 'aaltutr.*ts7tosei'ot pBir'rDrls{rP: cu}o1rr.(.tiouJortlrllzoi.ri/l})
BJrrrpJo rrrp enl uro,\ scrrB ap'aiilal)uarsD
BrroN
rrirlrlurSi.ro ualstrluno] ep iriuJ ocl:'asr^r,"
1l:l1ll'1,O,::..t-u:rtt!,IrS,!_l:?.)tlu.:r.iltriC^lsr{uJrOrort} OS SaJi-CO r;

(r.rliiip, aJBJ, clrrrEfll rrrrr op ltlt]a Is',ntsJ.jJrr a]ao,olu]rr3llrton rrjr:.reli1t sJni'

-.rud ad .leclu I'1:3 1^:srr! ?.rJpJ uJ Ilu!,ry 'alplrFrtol lrnorr trr !srirlsuu.rl usertl rlrc
c n.rlrtad OluarJrJns ls()J t.[ Jl] nrirJii 1,nrtl alLlir;1 oIJIitJIlrJ o41rliu.r1irc:_ru Crir:.r
.o;lB o rorrr ln,rc tJ Jlt-ii usorrl r-:31rp : alDJiepIJJD .to1ttjn.Lo179 nt;nn1r5 .p

rrc or11 ertrrl ad uJ' rn1 eror[J rr! lrictiriie.rl JsJJr] r.l rc 'lza i p f: .) L) Lr.rnrit.ilr
u1
uro,r 'giul.:e:-uoc

'(r11 enr'r1, ett' rl) surl cp Brillic .'olj Irrnrrr u,r. cs (nr1n,r
-!]ulrod Iu Balrop 1;- prrjrcls, u1p o7) lrir?rs lsJrr? crEJ rr! rrerlr urlrlnEc rs, ,a7

licIPB'tcruol tElltrrrp'zoap.rculer .rcrocJ.,lurucoIollple.rqrrilrsl utBJrJrlrlJpr'nrolsacu i]]ur.{J nc rJ'ecrrral
n.'l adacug nu Da.Ltlrlrlsqns .t:
cp Trlz'nJ rrl :7roIt

'(tjluapuacsu, erir'zodstrr.t]) |,rrstrechJ irur t;rri1 o.rds q,trsalrl;p. rurLr cilrlrlurrol (,
c.(}::Jttp.r-oaIt'r:pan][.plrrJlrorrsr
e1 op arirzod,suerl o e[) rJcp l]([lo.r elsi].t(][rltrr_rc lrnil[ c,J
':o1p op 'zalp nl ) tzar.l, y yJritn.re rlJ l)'.{!nr: -.rolrTrrr :,}tl} op

!i-\as,o nDS sns nltlr cJunr qj.r;t1 o t['!]lJu []j a.ntJ,a7n1t1tiiLo7 ntrcN.Z

'.rorlIitu Dl else roscirl r:oi u1r1urrol 'rrl r.rllllrirol ll J"trlrrirll s
;p tlnfe.r ollulcloc rg !.mruru !:dnp : alDtttl t.to !!iLt117nrLo1 nn.LIr(lDlq . I

: otnc!J clni[J.r] ce a.ltoipileurc.rtl olrrir:.rarl6_;

(,,lPsJgnptL-IlJaAsB1S)EaeJuil,eVl"erBuJSad'Og

: sof ruur Ecrur t?l:xes o nc nps
!ns rtslI[ e.ruru 1i;Ie1 o ne. o.l,uol l]IlI:Tlr t!jcId 'rLltlrrrorc attl,s 'urtrrnclsultJ] lq

Jotrlaqt "oJ?qrutqrs ugrd a;irzodsu€Jl op atllle;d rliurlldy

'01 BcFrrrrlJ s

-cu gulu[EJ Jo,{. olorr J0]l,u l?il?I rr! ol[riJlrrl clplrroprr0,e elrri ule11y

Alt 'exernplu : si transpuncrn cn o secuncle rnica mai jos sau cu o sep"
timi mare rmai sus nrelorli,r lr.mirtoare :

W. A. Mozart (1756-1791)
Opera ,,Ripirea din Serai"

1. Torialitatea originalii : Si bent'ol mr jcr (nnnura. 2 bemoli).
2. Tonalitatea nouii : Lo najor (trntriill. 3 ttriezi). Pc ,li'uia cvintelor"
cste vorba de transpozilia cle la o tonalitate miri de,prcsiva sp,re una unai

cxp,ansi'r.i (transpozilie a-"cenclenti).

.3. Cheia pe cxr€ o \-om f olo'si : |lo 'yte 'linia tr\r (tenor).
4. Dife,renlri de cvinte: 5 'cvinle .ascenilente, c€€'d ce inseannni cA a[tc"
reliile acoidentale intilnite i,n fnfa lui y'a, clo" so!, te Ei la se vor modifica
;uitor (cu L selniton cromllic), iar restLtl i1e a:lter:aiii accideltale vor rli'

rnine nesc,himbate.

= alleratii care nu,re,rchimlfi

Se tranrspunern, spre exernptru, lieloclia urfilatoare cu o securldi rnare

liiiii j o,s sru cu o 'scptilriA micii rnai sus.
R. Wagner (1813-1883)
Opera ,,Parsifal"

238

{jg6

'rsBoef,B

os-npuFrlsEd E,raqc. 'alrapuecse olrrr,\7 z vt lol erirzodsrraJl o.e,?ut es rrap
:(llcrru€q 6) "roteurr loruaq i;S uI ara.rJ as (rpruacl 7) "rofeul loluaq n7 Ealel
-rlulrol rrrp 4an.rlu! '(1r.lnur;ru eJJniooprl tidnp ti ) lns.lna-rrctr lol ad .Iolrrlq
a,s oyt ti nt in1 uiu; rr1 alruII]uI
il([u1rrlcs,.ro-r IIJ Blrrjl er[ otr' : rsoiioJ aluluap'rcrB a1rrie.re11u -
: (ot1u) -
r{ro.r o a.rel ecl srerJ}

: aluapua)sD ?l'1Il-rJ
6 t; arirzocisuer] : (lrulp t) .toftw v1 ut (zatp 7) .totnru IoS rl1e

: Ezuerl,rin a.rEJ B'Ipolaut JiElriuuotr u,talla u1 urerindsue;1 1:5
'rou aarlnlllsuoc alrrie.relle ep rS 1rro,;;

crcriii ls arnqe,rtr s,rnr;tud ed rr.rntture e ?J€qIuIIIcs o.IeJarI ei Er sepiuleutg

'rrJpqunrrps asndns lrrgs, ar

illu:irroprcle :o1lriu.re11e In.rplurruI rS 11a 'gltsoioJ Ereqc e'13e-tr*d ac, Bga? t{! lltrB
'!11ori uJnur.re u1 rt alrqele^ u!t{I?J lllurirur e"rnIuJB e{ ollirqsls erirzorlstir:.r1
,rp;1r1nFa.l'aIBcIZrurr esard r,aun €Jr-trllJt? Ec{tulqcs as s.rnc*ed' ad pu11

BJnrrrJe Equrlqas as

srnorBd ad puSo InzBo uI ulipodslrurJ '9II S

Pota/qJ.9 as nu a.te:t 1jeta11p = x

: e}Bquirqrsarr eu,lr.uEJ Jo.t JolrriBJ'alle frls6.r rur
"lrrrpiiccsep, B?rlrp'oru.rro.^ o,sr ??lI rE ?s 1n1 efel tII elmlll,ul al€luaprscei eFrie,rat

-ln tlc auuruesu! oJ lreec' oaTua|tuacsap olnrrrc e : elur^r ap eiue;eJrg .x
'(ot1u) 111 erutl arl' op : rs,op; u{o-l o s.rur ed t?Teq3 'g

'(Eluap,uaasap, alirzodsuu.r]) F^rsrrdop' rplrr

uLm alclrs g,rrsuudrxe ruul alulrluu,ol o BI ap a,rfrzods,ueir] o ep raali, cr[rro.\ alsa
Jo{;r}ur'\? rrrrrll a;[ '(louroq 1 u.lnu.re) ,rourrrr ar : ?1tou t?ol€]iltstroJ .6

'(zalp I E.rnui.re) Jorruu ??u : gluurbr.r,o palelrlrriol" '{

Itin, ,\'ol ntujor ( I dic:) tn Si bemol nmjor (2 benoli) - rr:rpispozitjc

lu .J cvirite tJe scen tJen te :
_- cheia l)c care o vonr iolosi : .ta pe linia I\' (lias).
col-ro-ritoar ipteeratoliitlep,aacrccuidrseun,tla(legiildtiuinpit[einlionc,Lfarirfeira lui si, mi,
la 6e vo,r schimLa
afinurii), intmcit din tonaii-

tatea La bemol major (4 bemoli) se te,ce in Do bemol major (7 bemoli).
deci se f ace o transpozilie tol la 3 cr inte ,descendente, chcia pirstrin-

rlu-se aceeagi.

S 116. Transirozi{ia la torealit5fi ce depf,sesc
? crlinte eliferentft

l:t trtrnspozilia lt lonaliliiti ce depiiSersc ? cvilte di{er:enIri se apl !ca

acclea;i n'eguli clescrise lnai inajrrte. cu deosebirea cii al'teraiiiic acciden',aie

c-ipijurelrld1L'ruiblneoi tuerlcercirei trec peste i cr-inte difelcnEa -,se rnodrificir tlup:i prir-
sau dublei ccLoriri. a,stf el :

i n trun,spozitie astiart,tlentd

\W *v;ne ; b _* ; Ll_____"_-5

f n trunspoziyi.e rlescenclentti

\ i #_b ;x c,tv:,te k____.._W

ru;ri $i.ii'lsL,isaAnLsl pcrlirrleol,rsr e-r(tisi ltnt'uciite'iriicr llmpliuri -susp: iesa unuirloat:e cu o tet'tii rniclorllt.ii

G. Faur6 (1845-1924)
,,La bonne chanson", op. 61, nr. 6

1. Tonaiitatc.a 'originalii : lle benol major (5 liemoli).
l. 'Ionalitatea rlor.lit: Si malor' (; r-iiezi).
;i. {,lreia l.lo catc o \ o1r1 f olqr-.i : do pe linja I (sopr'an).
4. llilerenia drl ,cf inte: i0 criltc ascendel]tc, cccil ce inselunnii cd toxtc
altel:l{iile :iccidentale se 1or: uodi{ica a.-"tf c} : o dala suit,or cu I se;ritol
rtro,matic, iar iu t'ala sunetclor ce dcitii5esc 7 clinte,,adic[ in {a}a lLri.fc"
do, sal'^ -ce 1or tuc.rlifica,snitor incii o il lti 1,1'ir,lr-un --enriton. cro;rral-ic, il.cci.
in fnfa ace:1or'.1 allclaliile se 1.o-r ulca cluhl u.

= ail€ret'/e cluiiu urce,/i
24{J

I'Z II lo^ .rrf,lzrlu rrlosl ap lEl"rJ - gI
"

alBrltxr:r[J,seu prrlu!]rurJ olIl?loPc,'irol

-rruos un na !;!ocioo Joa as'aJ'nI'nu'3s Inl nir:1 rtg olellt alplirleprcrce alrtjerat
-lR llc !uureasrr! oc eaac 'eltrapuocsep clrrrrc ? : olrrrlr ap ciuar,aJrg 'p

'(rre.r'rlos) I rtrrl ar\ o1t : rsoloJ nro,r o e.rec. ac{ ulorll 't
'(rpuraq p) rofcur

tawaq n7 rnl E?,Irrol l?p E.\ err l-r.ruoi.rclur e.ruttr gi.rcl o rr1 uarcundsuB.rl 'Z

'.roluur o6 errndn,sercl as : qlurrr8r.ro ualelrlerro;, 'I

: rlJBorJoJlll eJBrr tsiJal o el, arp'olc'Iu r$tlaec,u utoun.ctrsue.rl !q

'aleqtlllqcse,u 3ululr.r Jo-r. allBIala.) .(nl

'uolrru€s un nc BcJn rorr es, op. rs orf rn1 EfeJ trl olulrls ele?u3pr3J€ alrrinr

-alle EJ Brruraasu! ar Beec oaluapnacse olrrr.!O Z : o:lur,rc ep eiua.rclrg 'p
'(otlo) III Brrrrl erl op z rsoloJ urol o arur ed eraq3 'g
'(p"lP 6) rof r:uo

aU InI ucruol Bp B,r eu g.reor.redns oJuur Epunces o EI Boreuncl,srrelt '5
'rofeur og au'ndnse.rd es' : gleurSuo Bc.]Btrrlpuo,1 'I

g 'Ju '61 'do ouurd al]trrl xrs'(
( lgO t-tr"g,sat r)arSdrequgqrg 'y

: eJeol!rrIln

Brpoloul g.ruorlerlns oJeur, EprrnJ,es o eI ruatrntlsue.rl 9s : nFl,ruaxe a61

'rllBuol urirzodsuu,rl rrl a1nosorrnc r1,nEe.r ollololec e1eo1 rodu prri.r
-r1du tlourttr oI nrs .rofetu oe eI op' pcrpe (gtnur.Iu aJu nrl erec alu?rluu,ol o pi
air BJ urr,rr.ro.l i+ijrzotlsrr,Blrl Inlnolec u1 oenur.re Elulou ne-rl aJue rJf.tJnl nns
Irq4s lEuol llJ,]ual rn1 IJEJ rJF.rcrnl ureunds,uurl Bsr ornqalt pule l.nzBo' uI

RrnttrrE ErgJ otBlou atao Ts oluuotB allrEronl q ulilzodsuBrJ 'zII s

CAPITOI,UL X\TI

NOTE MELOD ICE (STRAINE DE ACORD)

I Se ttttrnest', rtole nrcLoclice (slrdine tle acortl) acele ttotc care, ittrgtreu,tttl

!

r.u cele rcale tlirr uc,ticltrri, serr,icsc la crnstrttit'ea liniei nx:lodice t.

i lri crpcrcle rriuzicult', riin prrnct.clc vedcre armonic, distiugem'tlorril feluri

de note:
1^-- l.'\ote curt: .[ac purlc. din t'oml)onentu rtcort]LiLti,. nutnindu.se pentrl;
j lcerst :tt<;tiv ltolc rctile;

i2. \'rr1r, (trre n1 .itrt.: pttr.le tlin ut.ort!, ci -"err.esc la for''mlrea Iinici rnelodicr
I imprr.ltnri clL rrott'ilu rr..lrle lle acoltlurilor. uLuitindu,se. din lice:rstii cauzi"

i ltolP tnilodit:e..

Ca rlote mclodice .s_ir3_1- co,nsider.ate : lote,le 'de pasaj ('de trecele). brode-
ri le, irrtirz,ierilc (sus,p,en-*iile), apogia'tu,rile, ,anti'oipa!iilc Ei echopp(te'iut:ule.

l,r gcn,:rtrl, to:rte notclcr ,nir:lorlice se sp.l';jii1a pe nol.(rle leale ditr acor,l
gi se-:t1lr;r-,lztj rlc elc 1,r'itr nrilt:urc aliiti.rratii. cce.:r ce trc flce,sd le allaliziirli
in {unr:tie rle ar:es1ea,

bc 1lB. Notele de pasai (de trecere)

-' l{otele ntelodice cure fac treceree treptatd,,,- 4s6BnsJsntd, sau rlescen-
ilintre 'doud din acortl pasoj
dt.reenctedre-. Dc excrrrplu : note reole se nuntesc note de sau cle

fiote realednacord x = n1te de pd,teJ

1 Rolul si functiuniie notelor melodice se determind f at& de acordurile pe
cate le insolesc deci, in arrnonie. Ele nu trebuie sd fie confund.ate cu natale otna'

Inentale, c.are se 'determinA numai fate de melodie.
242

tbz
'oJrllltuoJJ loulu? t?tJll,lJ'tul.r{) l)trI}rJ{I:.r.i r:,1.}-,r-'uJJJrl

Jp':JJrrrolBr'p. Iusu,c[ op alelott ri l).](]Jr: ull);]lrrJ.r ;]lJl(lu,]Jlut tJLnl]',.rlrrI es

(osr I 'ru Irn)rpqnllaurgd 's 'r

r -sgg

: oJr.uolrrlp lr:setl ap clort Lrrrop u:-BUl luolu'i t:1.r:.rr Jp Iu-r.Iol
-rII lll l{rls c,)r olott, l-tlt()l).).t}Itt.tttrlrJltto}urp lusecl al) l-r}{-rlt l.ltltirtis o uselrl
rlolnd Bi.ra1 ep Is,!Ja.lrrr rrl EI,Ju es aJ f.ro)r urlr aIlrJ,r J'lou rl1]lr ).r)irl

ltu e"rd,s euntxel.JtJ t
: u.l0lllill l)r-)Ifi

lIInr\JlJrti lrrr to.ttJ Jll?r){[ J;rru(]]rrrp f u-rr1l cp, .ro[JloiI u l-r.)r]BlrinJJ y.J.ririT;tl\i

: JJIttr)ilrri) t,luiu"- ut]u.ii

-olJo pulltodsc.r nr.r.rs es uaaJ,u ap 'p,.roru urp a[rJJ' ola],ou arlrr[ ]npoJlrn o,s
a.1uJ' oJrrrolBlp, i,:)rrentolo trrp olnlluclu lrr!s aJlttoJDlp l'n,-otl ap ,la j/)\, .u.

'aJtJDtuoJ) i aJ'Iuojtrtlt : r.rllF] l.lllol) 3l) litr:i f ri.ilrL tU 'pl,r{
r,rJrzJ!lrr! tus
'(;r111pic.rdau r.ltiier"ioriu)

e,c,IlolJttl elotr ap IeJ'l,i'u ur i)1-nl)ulru,rgJS[rrJl rJl]l rrrlurr1 ad.roJ u.rrt:zrlilrl'roirrl
-IU,tl olu oc[uls elrunritr:,r1 cd lu:r- rr[l{s, rrrTrrrrl od nzr-.aiuru11,t.r1Lrg a. ai

Intre d<luri notr. relrle ,din ucoltl. re ,strrt la inten'al de secunda ntare.
lrrltelll itrt|odrrcc u -ittgtlt'ir uola de pasa.i crolnaticir :

Xr ' Eau *-zlT-
',-$Cq t'

a /ft

intre iloua nole reale din acr,,r.cl. ce sint ]a i,ntclval de ter'{ri mare. putell}

iutlodpce o lotar dc pasaj tliatonici gi clouii note de pasaj cro'lllatice ; irrr
iltre qloli lnote reale. aItrate ,lLr irrterval t[e ,ter{.l ,rnicrt, 'putem introdttce o

ruota dc pa,saj tliatonici 9i o itotii tle ptrsaj crolnatici:

314 Jn

lnlre dor-ra note reale din acold, ,ce -qint la irrtenval ,dc cr';rrti perfect,r
XrLrtenr introduce doua note de pirs:rj diatonice 5i doud cromatice :

R. Schumann ( l8l0-1856)
Allegro. op. 8

Nti,tele de pasrrj diatorrice 6i croniati'ce pot fi atit la o singurii voce

irr ,care caz rsluerlnleusllcledsucbsleimq.piletri-ple.cit li la do,u;i $i trei vo'ci deodati - ln
crlre c.rz se

214

S'Z

ere0ueJU.t llrep1rq

i

'p.Lootn{u1 e;lartrurr as stJ?P ;

"oJq 'liJeorJJJrrr r.?rlrcor\ u1cl.ua,i1 nJ 1'zraurrro] os EJRp ter 'p.ntouadls a]Saninil I

as llrJapoJq oalua,r ralorr c L:rnor.iaclt-q prrrcc,r uldua,rl nc !zpaurJoI o. r?Jl:G

-- 'p4ou tgoaacn ny rcda putua3a.r y.trtotta{trrtTDS D.t.Dot.tadns oltlnatl n1 i
p.IaJn urp ?lDd.I alou 'tailn !2:Daru.tn o ?'i{i nt.Lapotg J
-a., eJlp{)Ialu elon

aillraporfl '6r I s

E ru '6'do eleuos '^ "I
{,nel-Ott1) uaroqleeg

: ( fus r:rl
ap nES a,lecaJl ap, r.lnp.roce pulutrol) a1dltq ti alqnp [nsod ap atoy .q

..uEnf uog" u:ado EI eJnlJaln d 'csar)
( tOet-gge1 ) l.rezopy'11
: a1druts fnstd ap a1o^[ 'E

t'rreori ,se folo.e':tc si broderitr rlublti (su,perioarir si inferiorira):

Ilroderiile sint tlt' rnatulir t[irrlotricii, cclc in{erioarc pot ti adusc ri lir
rlirs'tanfa de semiton f a{ri de uotele ,reil'le .t[ in acord { arrii i-l irl.+lil insil uu ca-

r"acter rnodulato'riu :

- Ele se -intl ebuiu{eazii pe tirnpii slabi sirrr pe prrr'Iile .lirbc ,]r' tinrpi. prr-
col)coutitelrt 1i la rnl'i rnulte
tintl apirea r or:i :

W. r\. rlXozart (1756-1791

Recvieil',

{IYI

S 120. intirzierile (suspensiile)

r .Se priirr.csc. tnlir:io'i scru sIls,pclt sii. rtrtlele ltreltrntite dhttr-un ucord i:L

ulht!. untle ucr:stt u dct,in tlisotttu-r.tr;.. rt :ttlrirtdLt,-st., u'1ttti, p7i,, nti.t16114 treplali
Jte sunetcle u t'titor rtytilie a t'ost ttttir:icttit.

In procesul irrtirzicrii putem ,*U-ltigg--"- trei tttouleute: G) pregtitirea irr'
tirziefii,(-])) rnomelttrl intirzielii (ailicrl^ uiourentnl d'rsonlltei, ileoerr-'ce notir

246

t.rz

,,JasnequuBJ" BJadO

(988t-9t81 ) .reu8e41')1

:=7"-----:r

: alcrzJllu! 3lr{np"ro3r IaJlsrr

es-lrPuuuJo]'JriolntroJ,iro,) r co,\ re.rl r* ynop 'aco-\ o e1 11 locl alri srradsng

aJe0l./ns trie-:!==itiH-:-v-=EUE-<:f+rr) areoilroqor
alpuadsns J,:;;dsns

i

: BJlru Bp;[rnrJ,a.< u1 orarrqo ep, 'ettolrns, alac JBr 'r^r,r1o'za.r,'es eJuJ iiI

Inleuns ap fiel Ecrru ners aJurrr i-rp'rrno<rs pI lzlrJzrllln os'eJeol!.roqo.r olo3
'e.r,uo+in-i r* eleolt.r

'ocloc : IJ 1od olr.rorz.rllul 'aJu,rlozilJ cp rarlta.rrp le e.repar ep loulld urg

'dtu11 a1r

qt1c,1s uel.rut-l nBS (1.uls 1ntlnr,r1 ecI crJ tss arnqa.rl rafueuosrp, toJ,c\lozi].1 --
: dunl ,r1r

uu1 nalrtd rltlSr oJu'J lntluru ed, urrnnoploluJ erJ BS ornqo.rl iueirriutui:ousoips,rp- 139sui

llcep fl.I{rJS teru !tu.rnp ap al} :rleslaa,rrDncolollrJuqJn""_ul_nl1.riJ.ra:ls:,qgoj!_rsu,eJ.BrrSlpecFeatrrtcl ls--t-l

k'd +-(ee (ce@
€e

x

: rr.rorzJ!,lul rI.rBAIOZO.r iilirraruroui

( c) r$ (orerl,r: r:o rprrn, Inl.roaE ap IilrJ' LrtuBrrosrp ar} fs e rnc[aJ] J !,z.l.rlur aJP.]

S l2l. Apogiaturile

| ,lpogiutrtrile sirtt rtole ntelod.ice (vrre upar ca disonanlo nept'egdtitt i)?
t, timpii tari. inloutintl temporar notele. rlin acord tn cnre apoi se rezol.L:d. |
"
ltirtii rIe note]c clin acord pe ca.r'e le inlocuiesc, cle pot Ii t
superiLture

1i hr.[crioare.

1a. ''1/tgirtturile ,stLperio(It'c se l'oriurcirzir la intelr-al rle secrinda m&re i.ul
ruricl {alii rle nota clin acortl.

arnimca1e,blo'md"loipedoi,igii{cirairntrrditirii-lnesitniin.!a'erciaoav(z,e,u'eal sc {orrnerrzii de 'ol.ricei la interval tle secr:irrlii
a teraliilor accidentale -
str.rl,olura d atolicrl
carlcter utodulatoriu:

Apog ialu ri s u De f:oafI Apogratuir inierioare

Apogiaturile (superioare 5i inierioare) pot fi la ,o r.oce. la clouii gi 1r'ci

r.oci, prltill(lu-sc f onna acordur-ile ap'ogirtc.

In generll. rrpogiaturile sitrt suprrsrr lrltruol regulilor intilziclilor. af,rr.;
de plegri i.rre. dcci ele :liut irrtirzrcri lcprcgrr tite.

Lal"g'o J. S. Bach ( 1685-.1 7;0 )
Messa in si minor'

X

t/p

l

t

x.*aPogiaturt
iln linrba italianii api;ogginte .. a itpAsa, a sprijini, a rezema.
:+3

6ie

.rof Bru oO uJ uBrcl niluad elBuoS
(OOSI-aeZ1) up,{ug'g

: o-lufnnrru P c.ruJ Ee:]_o-\ I:I
nu 'aJOA r1l8 Bl JolEllr.rn lnp.rocB rr! !.rloza.r as plJallptrl ntJnchtt1ttl; 'r,l

)

0a ru uerd nriuad elBUoS
,(tzgl-1Lt1) uenoqleag '^ "I

: o-lufunuu u a,let od Elorr

..rt.i rcop as-rlprrIllozo!tr 'acoA 13eeecc eJ ltlader os pjJa.rlp otlodotyuV 'e

'alrarlput t! aytattp : r; lod, aynlodtttytty-' I

'1.?l.rnc's F:lB.rnP ap, lrr!s iS rrrinspur ru rr{Bls rrdurl ad''rear,qo ap..JBrI,E cig _j /;e' .

'Joxf,lu.tn InpJoJD 1r1 alnal aJou D) JoI DII t.t )

t iz-tdo piunuo am) - prorv ap ?ulp4s - a)rpolau alalou Tugs aptlodn4uy

aIIIiBdIopuV 'ZZI S

1 Anticipa[ia por.rtc fi la o singurii vocc slu lir mai mlrltc voci. fornrin.

,rlLr.se astfel .ar.or.d,urilc anticipat.e :

P. I. Ceaikovski ( 1810-189J)
Sonatr nentru pian in Sol major

X = 0C0t'0|rtt' 3nh'C;pdle

$ 123. Eehapp6e-urile

1: Echappee-utile -rint note rnelodice (strainc rle acor.dlri) de cluratri scurtri
j
cur" lrlt ,*e lezolr'ii obignuil in acorrlul unnritor (se:su,str.ag rezolvrii.iri

; uor.urale)1.

E[e se a]seamainii in nulte cazur'i cu broderiile,u,eterrni,nate Ei p_e gas-qgp
.nrttnai pe {,inrpii ,slabi ai urasr-rrii si,ru pe prirtile slabe de 1impi. De exempl' :

J. S. Bach (1685-1750)

Sonata II pentru pian

gfd(^-f+-L- r

I In iimba francezii 'chapper : a scdpa, a fugi, a evada.

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