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MALL OF TRAVNCORE

Mall of Travancore is a shopping mall located in Trivandrum, Kerala, India. Developed by Malabar Developers,
it is the first shopping mall in trivandrum.[3] The mall was initiated by Malabar Developers in 2014 and was
completed in 2018.[1] It covers an area of 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2).[2] The mall has three floors of retail
space, comprising more than 300 retailers.
Mall of Travancore is located in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. The mall is just 1 km away from the
Trivandrum International Airport.
The mall has an area of approx 7 lakh sq ft in three floors with the capacity to accommodate nearly 150
stores,[2] 7 multiplex theaters by Carnival Cinemas, a hypermarket, jewellery showrooms, electronics and home
appliances showroom, showrooms of lifestyle products, a food court and Playaza — a 15,000 sq ft play area
with 11 indoor rides, a 9D theatre, 60 video kiosks, a 1.5 km dedicated jogging track and parking facility for
around 1,000 cars and 1,200 two-wheelers are some of the amenities[4] at the mall.
As the first Green Mall[6] in the India, the Mall of Travancore has taken up several measures towards an Eco-
friendly environment. The facade of the mall has a vertical garden that covers 70% of the wall. The mall has
three organic waste converters each with a total capacity to treat 2.5 tonnes of waste each day. To manage other

waste, the mall has a sewage treatment plant with an ability to process over three lakh litres of waste per day.
The mall restricts the use of plastic in the premises and the food court uses reusable cutlery.

















POOJAPURA

Poojappura known as "The heart of Trivandrum" is a place in the city of Thiruvananthapuram
in India. It is located in the south-east part of the city, surrounded by Jagathi, Karamana,
Mudavanmugal and Thirumala. This place was once used as the worship place during the
Navaratri festival season. The name Poojappura comes from the fact that it was here that the
King of Travancore used to arrive during Mahanavami celebrations for the pooja . There is the
biggest Kavadi Procession on Vijayadeshami day with over 700 Kavadis, Paravakavadi,
Suryakavadi, Mayilkavadi, Agnikavadi etc.

Poojappura is known for housing the Central Prison (Central Jail) of Kerala. The central jail is
one of the oldest in the state and was built by British Engineers during Travancore Reign. The
State Education Department (Pareeksha Bhavan), Head Office of HLL Lifecare Limited (formerly
Hindustan Latex Limited), Head Office of State Bank of Travancore, [Bharatheeyam Charitable
Trust] is located here.

CENTRAL JAIL

The history of the Jails in the Travancore part of the State begins in the year 1862 with three
Principal Jails. 1873 Central Jail at Trivandrum was sanctioned and started functioning inside the
fort in a building which was used as barracks for the Nayar Brigade. In September 1886 it was
transferred and accommodated in the buildings put up for the purpose in Poojappura,
Trivandrum. Besides Police Station lock-ups in the different parts of Travancore were also
serving the purpose of Jails for confinement of prisoners whose sentences were below one
month. In 1949 when the state of Travancore-Cochin was formed there were two Central Jails at
Trivandrum and Viyyur and 7 Sub Jails in the Cochin part of the State besides the police station
lock-ups serving the purpose of Sub Jails in the Travancore part. Senior most of the
Superintendent Central Prisons acts as the Ex-Officio Inspector General of Prisons till 31-03-
1953. First Central Prison was established at Kannur in the year 1869. First District Jail was
established at Kozhikode in the year 1861. First Open Prison was established at Nettukaltheri,
Trivandrum on 28 August 1962. First Women’s Prison was established at Neyyattinkara,
Trivandrum in the year 1990. The first Inspector General was appointed on 01-04-1953 in order
to be independent in the discharge of function as per the provisions in the Prisons Act for the
purpose of the Act. The Prisons Headquarters/ Office of the Inspector General of Prisons was
sanctioned with effect from 01-04-1953. Since 1986 officers from the Police Department are
being appointed to act as Inspector General of Prisons. In September 1975 the Administrative
control of Social Welfare Institutions and the Probation services was transferred to the Social
Welfare Department.

The principle of prison labour has been adopted in Kerala as can be seen from the Kerala Prison
Rules and Kerala Prison Manual. The work programmes now arranged in the Prisons include,
weaving, carpentry, Smithy, Tailoring, Printing and Binding, Soap Making, etc. The inmates are
making their own clothing and bedding in the manufactory units. The furniture are supplied to
various Government Departments on demand. Agricultural operations are also going on them in

Central Prisons as well as Open Prison. The inmates are giving stipendiary Training courses in
masonry and carpentry under the guidance of Nirmithi Kendra. Computer Training programmes
are also conducting in association with IGNOU and Akshaya IT Mission.

MAHANAVAMI

The idol of Saraswathy Devi is brought to Thiruvananthapuram in the Navarathri
days from Padmanabha Puram, the earlier capital of Travancore. The idol is kept in
the "Chokkittamandapam at Kottaykkakom. Bhagavan Kumara Swamy from
Velimalai and Munnutti Nanka from Sucheendram also accompanies. The Devi.
Kumaraswamy and Munnutti Nanka are respectively kept in Aryasala and Chenthitta
Devi temples.

On Vijayadasami day, the idol of Kumaraswamy is brought to Poojappura
Mandapam. Thousands of people worship Bhagavan here. The honourable king of
Travancore arrives at Poojappura with royal procession. It is known as the famous
'Poojappura Ezhunnalathu'. On the way to Poojappura mandapam the Raja halts at
the 'Ambarimukhappu Kottaram' to take rest. There after the royal king arrives at
the Mandapam to attend the 'Pallivetta'. After the pallivetta ceremany Bhagavan
Kumara Swamy returns.

Even now the famous Navarathri festival is celebrated in the Poojappura Mandapam
but the king of Travancore is not accompanying as part of the Ezhunnalathu.

oojappura holds a very bright face in the cultural field of Ananthapuri. Once this area
was a part of Aramada and Anchamada villages of Ananthapuri. Six madas (drains)
were dug to drain water from this elevated area to Karamana river; thus making this
area as Aramada. Arayalloor, Annur, Konkalam, Mudavanmukal, Thamalam and
Thrivikramangalam were these six madas and even now these areas are known after
the names of these madas. Adjacent to this, 5 madas were dug for the same
purpose, i.e. draining water to Karamana and Killy river. Kaduvetty, Maruthankuzhi,
Pangode, Kundamankadavu and Vallakadavu were the five madas and these areas
were even now known by the names of the madas.

Present Poojappura area forms a part of a Forest Waste Purambokku that spread in
Aramada and Anchamada villages. Numbering as the 7th item of the settlement
register of Aramada Pakuthy (village) of Thiruvananthapuram Taluk, in the erstwhile
Thiruvithamcode state, the following details were found about Poojappura.

1. Mudamon Palace situated in 4 acre 17 cents of land owned by Sree Pandaram by
Survey No. 1510.
2. Adjacent to this an area of 6 acre 75 cents by Survey No. 1979.
3. And a government bunglow in 19 acre 96 cents of land by Survey No. 1851.

Beyond this, some rocky area, a graveyard with a few small houses in the midst in
an area of 61 cents and 51 cents by survey numbers 438 and 450 respectively
measuring totally about 60 acres formed the Forest Waste Purambokku.

In the land by the above survey numbers, two palaces were constructed by the then
kings of Travancore - Sethalmandu Palace or Chithal Mannu Palace and Kunnum
Bunglow. The land of Sethalmndu Palace, was full of Chithal (Termite) and thus it
was known as Chithal Mannu Palace which later on became Sethalmandu. This
palace was constructed as the royal residence of the erstwhile Travancore regent
queen Rani SethuLakshmi Bai, to live after her Pallikkettu (marriage). Maharaja Sree
Moolam Thirunal constructed Ambarimughappu Palace, just opposite to Poojappura
Mandapam, as the royal residence of his mentally ill elder brother. In the southern
corner of the above mentioned Forest Waste Purambokku land, new buildings were
constructed for Central jail and in 1886 it was shifted to the new building from west
fort to Poojappura.

As per the old revenue records, the vast farming area in Chengazhassery Village, on
the banks of Killiyar near to Poojappura was known as Chaithy. This Chaithy, later
on became Jagathy. In the above mentioned Forest Waste Purambokku there was a
place by name 'Chadiyara', from where many Chadies where
excavated. Chadies were very big earthen pots used for burying dead bodies in
ancient times. Historians have already established that it was a custom to bury dead
bodies in Chadies (Muthumakkathazu) during the Tamil sangam period. For the
burial of members of royal family, special burial grounds were demarcated.

Godess Saraswathy is considered the patron of learning by Hindus. It is believed that
Godess Saraswathy is one of the bhavas of 'Devi'. Devi pooja was ancient form of
Dravidian culture. There were several 'Thaivappuras' (place of worship to god)
across the erstwhile Thiruvithamcode. Such a 'Thaivappura' existed in the southern
part of the above mentioned forest waste purambokku. The etymology of the word
Poojappura goes back to this 'Thaivappura'. This situation might have influenced the
royal authorities for the construction of the beautiful 'Mandapam'. Even now there is
a place by name 'Deviapura' near Peringammala in Nedumangaud Taluk.

It is said that King Marthanda Varma or Swathithirunal might have codified the
formalities of Navaratri Pooja and thus Poojappura has become the cultural centre of
Ananthapuri. The royal patronage gave added importance, festive mood, grandure
and more colours for the annual Poojayeduppu festival. The Poojayeduppu festival
has become a regional festival. It is an epitome of religious harmony; irrespective of
caste, creed and religion the whole population of this area participates in this festival
celebrated every year.

'Ezhuthiniruthe' (beginning of learning) if children at Poojappura Mandapam on
Vijayadasami is a very popular function of religions harmony of Poojappura.

BY NIKHIL KRISHNA.S



















The Local History of my Birthplace

The History of Kozhikode

Kozhikode, also known as Calicut, is an Indian City, second-largest urban
agglomeration city in the State of Kerala and 20th largest in the country
with a population of 2 million according to the 2011 Census. The abstract

is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.

The Local History of my Birthplace


The Local History of my Birthplace The best city to reside
in India and more!
The History of Kozhikode

About Kozhikode
During classical antiquity and the Middle Ages, According to the
Kozhikode was dubbed as the ‘City of Spices’ for its data compiled by
major trading role of Indian Spices. A historical city, it Economics Research
was the Capital of an independent kingdom, ruled by Indicus Analytics in
the Samoothiris (Zamorins) in the Middle Ages. 2009 on residences,
earnings and
Its History investments,
Kozhikode was the capital of an independent Kozhikode ranked as
kingdom ruled by the Samoothiris (Zamorins) in the the second best city
Middle Ages and later on the Eastwhile Malabar in India to reside in.
District under British Rule. Arab merchants traded with
the region as early as 7thcentury. The Portuguese It was ranked
sailor Vasco da Gama landed at Kozhikode on 20th Eleventh among Tier-II
May, 1498, thus opening a trade route between Indian cities in Job
Europe and Malabar. A Portuguese factory and the Creation by a study
Fort was intact in Kozhikode for a short period (1511- conducted by the
1525, until the Fall of Calicut). The English landed in Associated Chambers
1615 (constructing a trade post in 1665), followed by of Commerce and
the French (1698) and the Dutch (1752). In 1765, Industry of India
Mysore captured Kozhikode as part of its occupation (ASSOCHAM) in 2007.
of the Malabar Coast. Kozhikode, once a famous
cotton-weaving centre, gave its name to the Calico
Cloth.

1

The Local History of my Birthplace


Early Kozhikode in Foreign Accounts

Accounts of the city and the conditions prevailing then can be gleaned
from the chronicles of travelers who visited the port city. Ibn Battuta (1342-
1347), who visited six times, gives the earliest glimpses of life in the city. He
describes Kozhikode as ‘one of the great ports of the district of Malabar’
where “Merchants of all parts of the world are found”.

Ma Huan (1403 AD), the Chinese sailor part of the Imperial Chinese fleet
under Cheng Ho lauds the city as a great emporium of trade frequented
by merchants from around the world.

He makes note of the 20 or 30 mosques built to cater to the religious
needs of the Muslims, the unique system of calculation by the merchants
using their fingers and toes (followed to this day) and the matrilineal
system of succession.

Abdur Razzak (1442–43) the ambassador of Persian Emperor Shah-Rohk
finds the city harbor perfectly secured and notices precious articles from
several maritime countries especially from Abyssinia, Zirbad and Zanzibar.

The Italian Niccole de Conti (1445), perhaps the first Christian traveler who
noticed Kozhikode, describes the city as abounding in pepper, lac,
ginger, a larger kind of cinnamon, myrobalans and zedoary. He calls it a
noble emporium for all India, with a circumference of eight miles (13 km).

The Russian traveler Athanasius Nikitin (1468–74) calls Calicut a port for the
whole Indian sea and describes it as having a "big bazaar."

2

The Local History of my Birthplace


Present Day

Shopping Malls and more
The city has a strong mercantile aspect. The main area of business was
once Valiyangadi (Big Bazaar) near the railway station. As time
progressed, it shifted to other parts of the city. The commercial heart has
moved to ‘Mittai Theruvu’ (Sweetmeat Street or S. M. Street), a long street
crammed with shops that sell everything from sarees to cosmetics. It also
houses restaurants and sweetmeat shops. Today, the city has multiple
shopping malls. Focus Mall (First mall of Kerala), HiLITE Mall. Address Mall
and RP Mall are a few among them.
Education
There are one thousand two hundred thirty-seven schools in Kozhikode
including one hundred ninety-one high schools. Kozhikode is home to two
premier educational institutes of national importance. They are the Indian
Institute of Management, Kozhikode (IIMK) and the National Institute of
Technology, Calicut (NITC). Other institutes include National Institute for
Research and Development in Defence Shipbuilding (NIRDESH), Indian
Institute of Spices Research (IISR) and National Institute of Electronics and
information Technology (NIELIT) are also based in Calicut.

3

The Local History of my Birthplace


In 1877, a school for young Rajas was started in Kozhikode. This was later
thrown open to all caste Hindu boys. In 1879, it was affiliated to the
University of Madras as a second-grade college and with this, collegiate
education in the district received a fillip. Secondary education recorded
appreciable progress since 1915. The erstwhile Malabar district, of which
the present Kozhikode district formed a part, holds a high rank among the
districts of Madras Presidency in secondary education.

Prepared by, Shiv Walsan K, Standard X, Division A, Roll number 25

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TRIVANDRUM, MARUTHANKUZHY 

ABHIRAM.R.T 

Maruthankuzhi / Maruthankuzhy is a residential area in
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. It lies on the way from Sasthamangalam to
Vattiyoorkavu. The place is around 2 km from Vellayambalam and 7 km from
East Fort. Udiyanoor Devi Temple is situated here. Regular bus services connect
Maruthankuzhi with Vattiyoorkavu and East Fort. Thiruvananthapuram Central
Railway Station is around 8 km away. Trivandrum International Airport is around
15 km from here.

Sree Udiyannoor Devi temple is located at Maruthankuzhy in
Thiruvananthapuram District of Kerala. This is one of the ancient temples in
Kerala. This famous major temple of Udiyannoor Devi is situated on the banks of
Killiyar at north eastern part of Thiruvananthapuram city. Even Though the place
is known as Udiyannoor, it is commonly called as ‘Maruthamkuzhi’. It is at a
distance of 5 kms from Central Bus stand and Railway station and 13 kms from
Trivandrum International Airport. The temple is about 1300 years old. The temple
complex contains structures having architectural excellence. Within the sanctum
sanctorum (Srikovil), which faces north, is the glorious idol of the supreme
mother of the Universe resplendent with four arms and effulgent face depicting
motherly affection. This idol is a combination of Shaiva and Vaishnava features
and it is evident from the weapons in the four hands. Kalamezhuthu and Pattu,
Kuruthi Tharpanam, Udyasthamana Pooja, Muzhukkappu, Mahaganapathi
homom, Ada Vazhipadu, Mrutyunjaya homam, Kumkumabhishekam,
Swayamvarachana, Sree Sooktham, Archana, Neeranjanam, Noorum Palum,
Rahukala pooja, Aiswarya Pooja, Samooharchana, Nagar Pooja etc. are the
important offerings of this famous temple. Maruthankuzhi is situated at a distance
of 6 km from Thiruvananthapuram Central Railway Station.

In Udiyannor Devi temple at the side of that place agriculture has been
done there like wheat rice etc are cultivated there and it is used for temple

proposes and many of farmers were working in the temple of UdIyanoor Devi
temple.











LOC
HISTO
BIRTH

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CAL
ORY OF

PLACE

ANAND.M.S
XA
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MALAYIN

Malayinkeezhu is a suburb of Trivand
the Indian state of Kerala.[1] It is locate
of Thiruvanathapuram Metropolitan A
from the heart of the city. The town is
named Malayinkeezhu Aarattu. Neyya
major tourist destinations in Thiruvan
km away from the town. The nearest a
Airport (16 km) and Balaramapuram R
nearest Railway Station. The Pincode
695571 which comes under the postal c

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NKEEZHU

dum, the largest city and capital of
ed at the south-eastern side
Area, and is at a distance of 13 km
famous for the religious festival
ar Wildlife Sanctuary, one of the
nanthapuram district is situated 17
airport is Trivandrum International
Railway Station (9.1 km) is the
of Malayinkeezhu Post Office is
circle of Neyyattinkara region.

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DEMOGR

The Malayinkeezhu has population of 37,35
18,250 are males while 19,100 are females as
released by Census India 2011.
Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 33
8.97 % of total population of Malayinkeezh
Sex Ratio is of 1047 against state average of
Child Sex Ratio in Malayinkeezhu is aroun
to Kerala state average of 964. Literacy rate
Malayinkeezhu city is 95.01 % higher than
94.00 %. In Malayinkeezhu, Male literacy is
while female literacy rate is 93.32 %.
Malayinkeezhu has total administration ov
to which it supplies basic amenities like wa
sewerage

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RAPHICS

50 of which
s per report

351 which is
hu. The Female
f 1084. Moreover
nd 968 compared
of
state average of
s around 96.79 %

ver 9,684 houses
ater and

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Sites

The Sree Krishna Swami Temple of
Malayinkeezhu is famous for its
divinity. Premium residential area
in trivandrum
Major Malayinkeezhu Sree
Krishna Swamy Temple

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MALAYINKE

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EEZHU(map)

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THANK
HARI O

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YOU
OM!

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