หนังสือEng

English for Tourist Guide Dr. Pimpika Thongrom

บทท่ี 5

นําชมเสน้ ทางไหว้พระกรุงเทพมหานคร

ในบทนี้เปน็ การบรรยายแหล่งท่องเที่ยวในกรุงเทพมหานคร ซึ่งจัดว่าเป็นเส้นทางการท่องเที่ยวที่เป็นที่
นิยมในหมู่นักท่องเที่ยว ในรายการนําเที่ยวแบบครึ่งวัน และแบบเต็มวันที่จัดโดยบริษัทธุรกิจนําเที่ยว
ได้แก่ วัดพระเชตุพนวิมลมังคลาราม วัดอรุณราชวราราม และวดั เบญจมบพิตรดุสิตวนาราม การนําเทย่ี ว
ในบทนเ้ี ลือกสถานการณร์ ายการนาํ เที่ยวเตม็ วันทนี่ ําเที่ยวด้วยรถตู้ปรบั อากาศ ทมี่ กี ารนัดรบั นักทอ่ งเท่ียว
จากจดุ นดั พบ มัคคุเทศก์ต้องกลา่ วต้อนรับนักท่องเที่ยว อธิบายเส้นทางนําชม บรรยายสถานที่ท่องเท่ียว
และแนะนํานักท่องเท่ยี วเรือ่ งขอ้ ปฏิบัติและข้อหา้ มต่าง ๆ ได้

1. การตอ้ นรบั การแนะขอ้ ปฏิบตั ิ และการอธบิ ายเสน้ ทางนําชม

มคั คุเทศก์รับนกั ทอ่ งเทย่ี วจากจุดนัดพบที่โรงแรม เริ่มต้นดว้ ยการกลา่ วต้อนรบั แนะนําตัวเองและบรษิ ัท
แนะนํารายการนาํ เทย่ี วแบบหน่ึงวัน และการส่งนกั ท่องเทย่ี วกลับโรงแรม

คาํ ศพั ทท์ เ่ี ก่ยี วขอ้ ง ท่าเรอื across (v) ข้าม
เรอื ขา้ มฟาก backrest (n) พนักพิง
pier (n) ความยินดี adjustable (adj) ปรบั ได้
ferry (n) สูงขึ้น handle (n) ด้ามจบั
pleasure (n) ยานพาหนะ through (adv) ผ่าน
upwards (adv) ท่าเทียบเรือ rush (v) รีบเร่ง
vehicle (n)
dock (n)

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ticket booth ห้องจาํ หนา่ ยตัว๋ mind the gap ระวงั ชอ่ งวา่ ง

การรับนกั ทอ่ งเท่ยี วจากโรงแรมที่พัก
(At the lobby) Well, I think everyone is here. Good morning ladies and gentlemen. My
name is Darika from Pathumthanya Tour. It’s my pleasure to be your tour guide today.
Before we leave the hotel, please make sure that you have everything you will need.
Passport? Medicine? Wallet? Great. We are good to go. Come this way, please. The van is
waiting outside.

การแจง้ ขอ้ ปฏบิ ัติในการเดนิ ทาง

(On the van) We are using this VIP van for today. The backrest is adjustable by pulling the
handle on the side of the seat upwards. Please be aware that smoking is not allowed in
the vehicle. The company provides you one bottle of water. Please find it in the seat
pocket in front of you.

การแจง้ รายการนาํ เทย่ี ว

(On the van) Today we are going on board a one-day cultural tour in Bangkok. Today we
are going to visit temples and market. First, we are going to visit Wat Pho or the temple
of the Reclining Buddha, next we are going take a ferry across the Chao Phraya river to
visit Wat Arun or the temple of Dawn. Then we are going to have lunch at Nang Loeng
Market, one of the oldest markets in Bangkok. After that, we are going to Wat
Benchamapoitr, also known as the Marble temple.

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From here, it takes about 1 hour and 30 minutes, depends on the traffic. You can scan QR
code here for more information about the temples and market we are going to visit. Now
please relax and enjoy a ride in Bangkok. I will let you know when we are getting there.

การลงรถเมอ่ื ถงึ สถานท่ที ่องเที่ยว

(Drop off) We are arriving at Wat Pho. The van will just drop us here and park somewhere
else. You can leave the things you don’t need to use here. But please don’t leave any
valuable items on the van. We won’t be responsible for any lost items been left attendant.
Okay, everyone is ready. Follow me please.

การกลบั ข้ึนรถให้ระวงั ศีรษะ

Mind the steps and your head while getting on the van.

ขอ้ แนะนาํ ในการโดยทางเรือข้ามฟาก

(At the pier) We are going to take the ferry to Wat Arun. Please stay in a group and walk
through the ticket booth. I will walk the last and pay for everyone.

Do not rush getting on the ferry. Please mind the gap between the dock and the ferry.

ขอ้ แนะนําในการเลอื กรบั ประทานอาหารตามอธั ยาศัย

(At the market) The meal is not included. But I will take you to the market to try traditional
food and local food. You can eat in one restaurant or sit at the food court and buy variety

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dishes from different food stalls. We have one hour here so please meet up at 1.30 at the
entrance. I’m going to walk this way you can walk along if you want to. If you have any
questions, please do not hesitate to ask me. Let’s go.

แบบฝึกหดั 1 เตมิ ขอ้ ความตอ่ ไปนตี้ ามสถานการณ์ทีใ่ ห้มาได้ถกู ต้อง
1. On the van, the tourist wants to adjust the backrest.

Tourist: Excuse me. Could you tell me how to adjust the backrest?
Guide: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. At the pier, the tourist is about to jump on the ferry.
Guide: Don’t be rush. Please ……………………….……………………………………………….
Tourist: Okey. After you then.
3. Inform the tourist the time and 30 minutes free time before 11.
Tourist: How long do we have before meeting up again?
Guide: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Ask the tourist to check their belongings.
Tourist: Can I leave my umbrella in the van?
Guide: …………………………………..If you don’t need it.
5. Tell the tourist not to pay for the ferry.
Tourist: How much is it for the ferry?
Guide: Please walk through. ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

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6. Tourist wears hat and sunglasses inside the ordination hall.
Guide: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Tourist: Oh! I forgot. Thank you for telling me.

7. Tell the tourists to meet at the parking in 20 minutes.
Tourist: Are we going to meet here?
Guide: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Inform the tourist that they have to pay for their own lunch
Tourist: Is lunch included in the itinerary?
Guide: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Wat Pho or the temple of the Reclining Buddha วัดพระเชตพุ นวมิ ลมังคลาราม

วัดพระเชตุพนวิมลมังคลาราม วัดสําคัญในสมัยรัตนโกสินทร์ เป็นแหล่งท่องเที่ยวที่สําคัญ
แห่งหนึ่งในกรุงเทพมหานคร ภายในวัดมีสิ่งที่น่าสนใจมากมาย มัคคุเทศก์ควรเริ่มบรรยายเส้นทาง
นําชมตามลําดับ ดังน้ี วิหารพระพุทธไสยาสน์ ยักษ์วัดโพธิ์ เจดีย์สี่รัชกาล พระอุโบสถ ตุ๊กตาจีน
จารึกแผ่นหินที่ ไดร้ ับการจดทะเบียนเป็นมรดกความทรงจาํ แหง่ โลก โดยยูเนสโก และสนิ้ สดุ ทศ่ี าลานวด

คาํ ศพั ทท์ เ่ี ก่ียวข้องในการบรรยาย

impressive (adj) นา่ ประทบั ใจ auspicious (adj) (เปน็ ) มงคล
renovation (n) การปฎสิ ังขรณ์ register (v) ขน้ึ ทะเบยี น
sole (n) ฝา่ เทา้ commemorate (v) เปน็ อนุสรณ์

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English for Tourist Guide สุ่ม supervision (n) Dr. Pimpika Thongrom
อับเฉาเรือ prescription (n)
random (adj) อยา่ งเฉพาะเจาะจง well-known (adj) การควบคมุ ดูแล
ballast (n) คาดคะเน recognise (v) ใบส่งั ยา
particularly (adv) อยา่ งเทา่ กนั core (n) เป็นที่รู้จัก
supposedly (adv) นทิ านพ้ืนบา้ น dedicate (v) ยอมรบั รบั รู้
equally (adv) ใบสงั่ ยา shelter (v) แกน
folklore (n) ที่เปน็ เมืองขึ้น wise saying อุทิศ
prescription (n) คลุม
tributary (n) คาํ คม คาํ สภุ าษติ

การอธบิ ายเส้นทางการเดนิ ชมภายในสถานที่

Welcome to the temple of the Reclining Buddha or locally known Wat Pho. It is the first
class royal monastry and one of the most important temples in Bangkok. This temple is
also one of the most visited temples in Bangkok for its impressive architectures and
famous Thai cultures. Moreover, it is best known for the traditional Thai massage.

First, we are going to visit the Reclining Buddha image hall, then the Four Great stupas.
Next, we are going to see the Hermit statues before visiting the ordination hall. Later, we
are going to see the stone figures and the collection of the stone inscriptions which have
been registered the Memory of the World by UNESCO in 2011. Lastly, we are going to visit
the Thai Traditional Massage centre.

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ภาพที่ 5.1: Map of Wat Pho
ที่มา: http://164.115.40.67/place.php?id=42777
Before we are going inside the image hall. Let me tell you about the temple and the
Buddha image here. Wat Phra Chetupon commonly known as Wat Pho or the temple of
the Reclining Buddha. It is located to the south of the Grand Palace, covers the area of
over 20 acres. The origin of the temple is unknown but supposedly built in the late
Ayutthaya period. This temple was recognised during Thonburi kingdom known as Wat
Potaram. Later, in the reign of King Rama I the temple was completely rebuilt in 1793.
Then the new name was given as Wat Phra Chetupon Vimonmangalawat in 1801. The
major renovation was started in 1839 by the order of King Rama III. It took 7 years to
complete. The decoration reflects the typical style of arts in King Rama III reign for example
the square pillars without the lotus capital. The gable roof is decorated with Chofa, Bai
Raka, and Hang Hong representing garuda holding nagas. The gable-ends show the Thai
floral design. Later, King Rama IV has changed the name to Wat Phra Chetupon
Vimonmangalaram.

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Inside the Reclining Buddha image hall enshrines the largest reclining Buddha image in
Bangkok, measuring 15 metres in height and 46 metres in length. The image was made of
brick and stucco then covered with gold and black lacquer. The most magnificent of the
image is the mother-of-pearl inlaid on the soles of the feet displaying the 108 auspicious
symbols in Buddhist belief. The size of the soles is 5 metres long and 1.5 metres wide.

Please take off your shoes before entering. You can take photos but please do not touch
the image. I will wait outside and we are going to see the beautiful Four Great Stupa.

Please follow me. On the way I will introduce you the Wat Pho Giants. The figures of the
giants here are quite small comparing to the ones in the temple of the Emerald Buddha.
There was the story of the giants here and the giants at Wat Arun which I’m going to tell
you the story when we get there.

Here we are. In front of you is The Four Great Stupa. The three stupas, in the early
Ratanakosin style, lie in a row from the north to the south, while the fourth one, in the
late Ayutthaya style, stands further west. Each stupa is equally 41 metres high.

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ภาพที่ 5.2 The Four Great Stupa, Wat Pho
ที่มา: watpho (2557)

The first one in green namely Chedi Sri Sanphetdayan was built by King Rama I to contain
the core of the Buddha Sri Sanphet brought from Ayutthaya. King Rama I ordered the
construction of the square added corner to be constructed to the west of the ordination
hall. The second one in white and the third one in yellow were built in the reign of King
Rama III. These two stupas stood each side of the first one. The white chedi in the north
namely Phra Chedi Dilok Thammakarakanitan was dedicated to King Rama II containing
Buddha images and the offerings. The yellow chedi namely Phra Chedi Muneepat
Parikkarn in the south was built for King Rama III also containing Buddha images and the
offerings. The fourth one in blue was built by King Rama IV. The style of the chedi was

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copied from Chedi Srisuriyothai in Ayutthaya to commemorate his own reign namely Phra
Chedi Song Phra Sri Suriyothai (สุภัทรดศิ ดิศสกุล, 2537).

From here we are going the walk through the cloister to visit the ordination hall. The
ordination hall was built by King Rama I and enlarged by King Rama III. It is enclosed by
boundary walls marked by eight double marker stones in the pavilions. They signify the
holy area where is used for the ordination ceremony. Along the boundary walls are
decorated with 154 bas-relief marble slabs depicting the random scenes from Ramakien.
The building was the fine example of the typical architecture in the reign of King Rama III.
The gable-ends display floral motifs decorated with glass mosaic and broken Chinese
porcelain. The square pillars without lotus capital. At the entrance, there are eight
mother-of-pearl inlaid door panels depicting the scenes from Ramakien. They were
made under the supervision of Krom Muen Matyapitak, the son of King Rama III. They are
considered as the best examples of the arts in the early Rattnakosin period.

Please take off your hat, sunglasses and shoes before going inside. Please follow me.

Inside the ordination hall enshrines the principal Buddha image namely Phra Buddha
Devapatimakon. The image is in the attitude of meditation made in Ayutthaya period. It
was found at Wat Sala Si Na or Wat Kuhasawan in Thonburi. Later, it was moved here by
the order of King Rama I. It is placed on the three-tiered base sheltered by a canopy. At
the front are two major disciples Phra Mokalana on the right and Phra Saleebutr on the

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left. Behind the principal image is the mural painting depicting the heaven. The north and
the south walls were painted various themes for instance the 41 brilliant disciples of the
Buddha, the jataka stories and folklores.

As we walk around the temple, I assume that you see the stone figures. These stone
figures were imported from China during the reign of King Rama III. They were used to
ballast the ships back from China. Later, they were used as the door guardians and some
were used for decorations at Wat Pho. They were grouped into people, animals and
objects. Those look Westerner are called Marco Polo. There are also rockeries adorned
with stone figures which were moved from the gardens in the Grand Palace. These stand
figures of rishi or hermit in the postures of yoga. Most of the figures were disappeared,
only twenty of them still remained.

Next I am going to show you some inscribed stone slabs containing texts of knowledge.
King Rama III intended Wat Pho to be the centre of learning. The stone slabs are grouped
into 8 clusters: the history of the temple, Buddhism, medical prescriptions, health, wise
saying, literature, register of tributary state of the kingdom, and public customs.
Particularly, the medical prescription and health clusters made the temple well-known
for the traditional Thai massage school. In 2011, UNESCO has registered the 1,431 stone
inscriptions collection of a wide range of knowledge made in 1831-1841 as the Memory
of the World.

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We have 20 minutes for walking around and taking photos. Please meet me at the front
of the Reclining Buddha hall. After that we are going to take the ferry across the river at
Tha Tien to Wat Arun.

แบบฝึกหัดที่ 2 เติมคาํ ข้อตอ่ ไปนีใ้ ห้ถกู ต้อง

random ballast auspicious shelter dedicate

commemorate core prescription supposedly wise saying

1. …………………………, the temple has been built in the late Ayutthaya period.

2. King Rama IV has built the chedi in the late Ayutthaya style to …………………….his own

reign.

3. The stone figures were used as ……………….. to weigh the ships back from China.

4. The signs showing on the sole of the feet of the Reclining Buddha image are

the………………………..signs in the Buddhist belief.

5. King Rama III has built the chedi namely Phra Chedi Dilok Thammakarakanitan to

…………………….to his father, King Rama II.

6. Inside the Chedi Sri Sanphetdayan contains the …………………….of Buddha Sri

Sanphetdayan image taken from Ayutthaya.

7. The marble slabs around the ordination hall depict the ………………………scenes from

Ramakien.

8. ………………………….. helps guide the way of living, such as “Supasit Phra Ruang” (สภุ าษติ

พระรว่ ง) which is in the collection of the stone inscriptions at Wat Pho.

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9. The principal Buddha image is ……………………by a three-tiered white canopy.
10. The ………………………of the traditional medicine have been used for treating people in

the past.

3. Wat Arun or the temple of Dawn วัดอรุณราชวราราม
วดั อรุณราชวราราม เปน็ วดั สาํ คัญของกรงุ เทพมหานครเปน็ ท่ีรูจ้ กั เนื่องจากพระปรางคป์ ระธานของวัด
ไดร้ บั การยกยอ่ งว่าเป็นพระปรางคท์ ส่ี วยท่สี ุดของไทย มคั คเุ ทศกแ์ จง้ เสน้ ทางนาํ ชมเร่มิ จากประตู ทางเขา้
พระปรางค์ พระอุโบสถ และอาคารดา้ นหนา้ ของวัด
คําศพั ทท์ ่ีเกี่ยวข้องในการบรรยาย

landmark (n) เคร่อื งชีบ้ ่ง restoration (n) การปฏสิ งั ขรณ์
withdraw (v) ถอน borrow (v) ยืม
across (prep) ขา้ ม wipe (v) กวาด
receding (adj) ลด ถอย partially (adv) เพยี งบางส่วน
surface (n) พืน้ ผิว jataka (n) ชาดก
origin (n) ต้นกําเนดิ evidence (n) หลักฐาน
surface (n) พ้ืนผิว olive (n) มะกอก
restoration (n) การบรู ณะ cardinal direction ทศิ หลกั

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๑ พระปรางค์ ๖ มณฑปพระพทุ ธบาทจาํ ลอง ๑๑ ศาลาราย
๒ โบสถ์น้อย ๗ เจดยี ์ราย ๑๒ หกระฆงั
๓ วหิ ารน้อย ๕ ยกั ษ์ ๑๓ ศาลาเก๋งทา่ นา้ํ
๔ พระอุโบสถ ๙ ถะ ๑๔ เขามอ
๕ พระวิหาร ๑๐ ประตูยอดทรงมงกุฎ ๑๕ หอไตร

ภาพที่ 5.3: Map of Wat Arun
ท่ีมา: Watarun1.com

Wat Arun or the temple of Dawn is famous for its most beautiful Prang in Thailand. It is
used as the landmark of Bangkok for its magnificent feature by Chao Phraya River. It is
also one of the most visited sites in Thailand. First, we are going to visit the two Giants
at the front gate. Then we are going to see the main prang. Later, we are going to visit
the ordination hall. Finally, we will visit the two small buildings by the river.

Let’s stay inside the pavilion by the river while I tell you the brief history of the temple.
Its origin was unknown. According to the evidences, it was supposedly built since the late
Ayutthaya kingdom. The original name was Wat Makok Nok as the area was full of olive
trees. The temple was also mentioned by the name “Wat Jeng” in Nirat Phetburi, the

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literature in the late Ayutthaya period. After the fall of Ayutthaya, King Tak Sin together
with people migrated from the old capital. They arrived at this temple at dawn. Later in
1768, King Tak Sin made this temple the royal chapel in Thonburi kingdom by withdrawing
monks’ living quarter. In 1779, the Emerald Buddha image was brought from Vientiane and
housed at Wat Arun for 5 years before moved to the temple of the Emerald Buddha,
Bangkok.

Later in the Rattanakosin kingdom, the restoration has begun in the reign of King Rama I.
The restoration was continued and completed in the reign of King Rama III. King Rama II
intended to heighten the main Prang but he passed away before the project started. Thus,
it was begun and completed in the reign of King Rama III.

Before we go inside the temple. I would like you to meet the famous Wat Jeng Giants.
They are guarding the magnificent gate topped with the Thai crown-like spire, Pratu Yod
Mongkut. It shows the typical art style in King Rama III’s reign. This gate was used by the
kings but now everyone can use it. Earlier you have met Wat Pho Giants. It was a legend
of giants here and there. They used to be good friends. One day Wat Pho Giants borrowed
the money from Wat Jeng Giants. Wat Jeng Giants tried to get the money back. They asked
for it many times. Later, Wat Jeng Giants walked across the river to fight with Wat Pho
Giants. The fight completely destroyed the whole area near Wat Pho. So the area was
called Tha Tien. “Tha” means pier and “Tien” means to be wiped out. Nowadays, the

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giants stand guarding the entrance gate used to be for the king only. Let’s go inside to see
the stunning main prang closer.

In front of you is the main prang. It measures 81.85 metres high and 234 metres in
diametre. The restoration of the prang was between 1824 and 1851. The prang is on the
receding three-tiered base with niches and decorated with mythical animals supported by
monkey and giant bearers. Above are Indra riding on the three-headed elephant in the
four side niches. The top is a multi-pronged spire surmounted by a crown. The crown was
intended to make for Wat Nang Nong but King Rama III offered to shelter over the top of
the prang instead. It reflected Indraism in that period. The top crown represents the
residence of Indra God where is above Mount Meru (ประภัสสร์ ชวู เิ ชียร, 2554; ศักด์ิชยั สาย
สิงห์, 2560).

Surrounding are four smaller prangs on the corners and four mondops in cardinal
directions. Inside the mondops contain the Buddha image in four postures. The whole
construction reflects the Buddhist cosmology having Mount Meru at the centre of the
universe surrounded by seven ring-shaped smaller mounts and then four continents. The
main prang and the edifices were decorated with broken Chinese porcelain.

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ภาพท่ี 5.4 The main prang, Wat Arun
ท่มี า: พมิ พิกา ทองรมย์ (2562)
Let’s walk up the stairs to look closer. You can walk around and take photos, then meet
me downstairs.
Next, we are going to the ordination hall. Please come this way. The ordination hall is
located on the north of the temple. It is the finest architecture in the reign of King Rama
II. The building was partially burnt down and restored in the reign of King Rama V. The
rectangular building is topped with the gable roof decorated with Chaofa, Bai Raka, and
Hang Kong. The eastern and western gable-ends display the standing angel holding a
sword in the pavilion. The outer pillars are added corner and topped with long-petalled
lotus capital. On the surface is decorated with Chinese porcelain. The building is enclosed
by boundary walls made of Chinese carved stone blocks topped with Pugs. The eight
double marker stones were placed in the pavilions around the ordination hall signifying

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the holy area. At the entrance is a standing crowned Buddha image namely Phra Buddha
Naruemitr. It was cast by King Rama III to dedicate to King Rama II. Later, King Rama IV has
renovated the eastern wall to move the image to install here.

ภาพท่ี 5.5 Phra Buddha Naruemitr and Phra Buddha Thammitsarat Lokathatdilok
ท่มี า: พิมพิกา ทองรมย์ (2562)
Inside the ordination hall enshrined the principal Buddha image called Phra Buddha
Thammitsarat Lokathatdilok. The image is the attitude of Subduing Mara on the high
altar. At the front are two major disciples Phra Mokalana and Phra Saleebutr. The face of
the principal Buddha image was sculpted by King Rama II. Later in the reign of King Rama
IV, he ordered to enshrine the ashes of King Rama II beneath the principal Buddha image’s
base. The interior walls are mural paintings depicting the Buddha’s life. Between the
windows were painted the Jataka stories.

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There are two small buildings by the river called Bot Noi and Vihan Noi. Both were
supposedly built in the late Ayutthaya period. Bot Noi, in Thai means a small ordination
hall, was the original ordination hall. Inside enshrines the principal Buddha image in the
attitude of subduing mara. At the front is the shrine of King Thonburi. Vihan Noi, means a
small image hall. It housed the Emerald Buddha image after brought from Laos. Inside
Vihan Noi places the royal bed of King Rama II.

I hope that you enjoy the tour. Please do not hesitate to ask any questions. I will try my
best to answer. We have 30 minutes for walking around and taking photo. Please meet
me at the pavilion by the entrance.

Now is 11.10. You will have 20 minutes for walking and taking photos. Please meet me at
the pavilion by the river. After that we will across the river and go to Nang Loeng market
for lunch.

แบบฝึกหดั ท่ี 3 เติมคาํ ในประโยคตอ่ ไปนใ้ี หถ้ กู ตอ้ ง

origin evidence surface across niches

wiped olive restorations landmarks withdraw

1. According to the legend of Wat Jeng giant, the name of Tha Tien came from their fight

which …………………out the area completely.

2. In Bangkok, most of the old temples’ …………………….were unknown.

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3. On the ……………………….of the exterior walls of the ordination hall is decorated with
Chinese porcelain.

4. Tourists can take a ferry ……………………the river from Wat Pho to Wat Arun which is faster
than by car.

5. The main prang at Wat Arun is one the major………………….of Bangkok.
6. King Rama III has ordered the……………………… for many temples which reflect the

Chinese influence architecture.
7. The old name of Wat Jeng was Wat Makok Nok, referred to the area full of

………………trees.
8. There are ……………….at the base of the main prang decorated with the mythical animals

signifying the Mount Meru.
9. King Thonburi ordered to ……………….the monks from the temple to make it the royal

chapel followed the tradition from Ayutthaya period.
10. According to the …………….., the name of Wat Jeng has been used since the Ayutthaya

period.

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4. Wat Benchamabopitr Dusitvanaram or the Marbel Temple
วัดเบญจมบพิตรดสุ ติ วนาราม

วัดเบญจมบพิตรดุสิตวนาราม วัดประจํารัชกาลที่ 5 เป็นวัดที่มีชื่อเสียงเรื่องความงดงาม
ของพระอุโบสถหินอ่อนทีแ่ ตกต่างจากสถาปัตยกรรมทัว่ ไปของไทย เป็นแหล่งท่องเทีย่ วที่มีนักทอ่ งเทีย่ ว
เข้าชมเป็นจํานวนมากในแตล่ ะวัน เส้นทางเร่ิมจากพระอุโบสถ พระระเบียง ต้นพระศรมี หาโพธ์ิ

คาํ ศัพท์ท่เี กี่ยวขอ้ งในการบรรยาย

commonly (n) โดยทว่ั ไป collection (n) การรวบรวม
offspring (n) ลูกหลาน unknown (adj) ไม่ปรากฎ
separate (v) แบ่ง headquarter (n) กองบญั ชาการ
rebellion (n) กบฎ replica (n) สง่ิ เลยี นแบบ
stretch (v) ยืดออก clever (adj) ฉลาด
combination (n) การผสมผสาน rename (v) ตงั้ ชอ่ื ใหม่
appearance (n) สิง่ ทีป่ รากฎ plant (v) ปลกู
shoot (n) หน่อ enquiry (n) สอบถาม
commander (n) ผู้บัญชาการ campaign (v) รบ

We are now standing at Wat Benchamabopitr one of the most visited temples in Bangkok.
Wat Benchamabopitr is commonly known as the Marble Temple. It is well-known for its
magnificent ordination hall built from marble which made it unique. First, I am going to
take you to the marble ordination hall. Next, I am going to show you the cloister and the
collection of the Buddha images. Then we are going to pay homage to the principal

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Buddha image and see the mural paintings in the ordination hall. Lastly, I will show you
the Bodhi tree offspring of the one in Buddha Gaya, India.

The temple was called Wat Laem or Wat Saithong. However, the origin of the temple was
unknown. It covers the area of 12 acres. The temple compound was separated into
Buddhavas and the monks’ living quarter by a small canal. The areas were linked by
splendid bridges.

In the reign of King Rama III, the temple was used as the headquarter of the chief
commander during the Lao rebellion led by Prince Anuvong of Vientianne. After the war,
Prince Bididh Bhogabhubendra, the commander of the campaign, with his four brothers
and sisters have restored the temple. Later, King Rama IV renamed Wat Benchabopitr
meaning the temple of five royal members.

King Rama V ordered the construction of the royal garden ‘Dusit Garden’ in 1898 and
completed in 1900. During the construction, King Rama V restored the temple and
renamed it Wat Benchamabopitr meaning the temple of the Fifth reign.

The most significant architecture in the temple is the ordination hall. It was designed by
Prince Naris who was the greatest architect in the Rattnakosin peroid. It is a four-sided
gable roof with the north and the south wings stretching out to connect with the cloister.
This style reflects the Khmer influence. In front of the entrance stands a pair of Khmer
Bayon lion statues. The roof was covered with Chinese tiles imported from China. The

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gable roof was decorated with Chaofa, Bai Raka, and Hang Hong in traditional Thai style.
The whole building was built by the fine quality white marble from Carrara, Italy. The
windows were stained glass brought from Germany. These features are the fine design of
the building and the clever combinations of various materials. The easterm gable-end
shows Vishnu riding on garuda. The 2 marker stones were placed at the front, while the
others were carved on the marble floor.

ภาพที่ 5.6 The marble ordination hall, Wat Benchamabopitr
ทมี่ า: watbenchama (2557)

Inside the ordination hall enshrines the principal Buddha image ‘Phra Buddha Chinarat,
Bangkok’. King Rama V intended to move the original image Phra Buddha Chinarat from
Phitsanulok. However, the king ordered the replica cast at Phitsanulok instead. Inside the
base of the image kept the ashes of King Rama V conducted by King Rama VI following his
father’s will.

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ภาพท่ี 5.7 Phra Buddha Chinarat Bangkok, Wat Benchamabopitr
ท่ีมา: พมิ พกิ า ทองรมย์ (2563)
On the interior walls are eight niches painted the eight great stupas in Thailand
recognised by Prince Damrong. They are Phra Pathom Chedi in Nokhon Pathom, Phra
Mahathat Lopburi, Phra That Panom, Phra Mahathat Haripunchai in Lampoon, Phra Sri
Mahathat Nakhon Sri Thammarat, Phra Mahathat Sukhothai, Phra Sri Ratana Mahathat
Chalieng, and Phra Chedi Chaiyamongkol in Ayutthaya (สภุ ัทรดศิ ดศิ สกลุ , 2537).

The cloister enshrines 52 Buddha images collected by Prince Damrong from many places.
One image in the attitude of suffering was brought from India. The appearance shows the
Indian arts. Let’s walk along the cloister and then we are going to see the Bodhi Tree at
the back of the ordination hall.

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The principal monument of the temple is the Bodhi tree. In 1891, Prince Damrong visited
Buddha Gaya district. The mayor gave Prince Damrong three shoots of the Bodhi tree to
present to King Rama V. King Rama V has ordered to plant one at Si Chang Island and
another two at the Si Chang Palace. In 1899, during the restoration of Benchamabopitr
King Rama V visited the Island and brought to plant in the temple in 1900.

We are now at the end of our tour. I hope you enjoy today and hope that we will return
to Bangkok again. Please contact me or the company if you have any further enquiries.
Before we leave the temple, please check all your belongings. Have a good evening. Thank
you.

Ladies and gentlemen, our tour has come to the end. I hope you are impressed by our
beautiful attractions in Bangkok. I would like to thank you all for being with us,
Patumthanya Tour today. I hope you enjoy the rest of your time in Bagkok and hope to
see you again.

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แบบฝกึ หดั ท่ี 4 เตมิ คําในประโยคต่อไปนีใ้ หถ้ ูกตอ้ ง

commonly shoots combination renamed stretch

unknown replica collection appearance rebellion

1. King Rama V ordered the Bodhi tree………………….from Buddha Gaya, India planted on

Sri Chang Island.

2. The design of the ordination hall is the ………………………..of Thai, Khmer, and Western

arts.

3. It is ………………..when the temple was built probably in the late Ayutthaya period.

4. Along the cloister of the ordination hall, there is the ……………………..of the Buddha

images.

5. The Laos ……………. was the attempt of Prince Anuvong to end the suzerainty of Siam.

6. The wings of the ordination hall……………………out as the cloister to the back of the

building.

7. The principal Buddha image was the ………………………..of the original in Phitsanulok.

8. The temple was …………………known as the Marble Temple among tourists.

9. King Rama V has …………………..the temple after the major restoration, meaning the

temple of the Fifth Reign.

10. The Buddha image in suffering attitude shows the ……………………….of Indian arts.

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คําอธบิ ายการใชร้ ปู กริยา Past Simple และ Present perfect

การบรรยายเหตุการณ์ในอดตี สามารถใช้รปู ประโยคอดีตกาล Past Simple และ Present perfect การใช้

tense ท้งั สองมีความแตกตา่ งกนั (Alexander, 1997; Murphy, 2015) ดงั นี้

Past Simple

• การกระทําท่ีเสร็จสน้ิ แลว้
The construction finished last year.
การก่อนสร้างเสรจ็ สน้ิ ไปแล้วเมอื่ ปีที่แล้ว

• การกระทําท่ีจบส้นิ แลว้ ซงึ่ ไมม่ ีผลต่อปจั จบุ นั
King Tilokarat moved the Emerald Buddha image to Chiang Mai.

พระเจ้าติโลกราชยา้ ยพระแก้วมรกตไปยงั เชียงใหม่ แต่ปจั จบุ นั พระแกว้ มรกตไมไ่ ดอ้ ยูท่ จ่ี ังหวดั เชยี งใหม่

แล้ว

• มคี าํ กํากับเวลาว่าเปน็ เวลาท่สี ้ินสุดไปแลว้ เช่น วันที่ ปี
King Rama V constructed the Dusit Garden in 1898.

Present Perfect Simple

• การกระทําที่เริม่ ตน้ ในอดีตและยงั คงดําเนนิ อยใู่ นปัจจบุ ัน
The construction has started since last year.
การก่อสร้างเริม่ ตน้ เมื่อปที ีแ่ ลว้ ปัจจุบนั ก็ยงั ไมเ่ สรจ็ สน้ิ
• การกระทาํ ทเี่ สร็จส้ินแล้วในชว่ งชีวิตของบคุ คลหนงึ่ ทยี่ งั คงมชี วี ติ อยู่ (ประสบการณช์ วี ิต)
I have been to Wat Pho three times.

• การกระทาํ ที่จบสน้ิ แล้วซงึ่ ยังคงมผี ลตอ่ ปัจจุบนั

King Rama I has moved the Emerald Buddha image to the ordination hall.

พระบาทสมเดจ็ พระพุทธยอดฟ้าจฬุ าโลกมหาราช (รชั กาลที่ 1) ทรงย้ายพระแก้วมรกตมาท่ีพระอโุ บสถ
ปัจจบุ นั พระแกว้ มรกตก็ยังคงอย่ทู พ่ี ระอโุ บสถ

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UNESCO has registered the 1,431 stone inscriptions as the Memory of the World.
องค์กรยเู นสโก้ขึน้ ทะเบียนแผ่นหนิ จารกึ จํานวน 1,431 ใหเ้ ป็นมรดกความทรงจาํ แห่งโลก และยงั คงเปน็ อยู่
สบื เนอ่ื งมาจนถงึ ปัจจุบนั

• ไมม่ คี าํ กับกบั เวลา หรือมีแต่ยงั ไมส่ ้ินสดุ
Supposedly, the temple has been renovated in the early Rattanakosin period.
คาดว่าวัดนี้ถกู บรู ณะในสมยั รัตนโกสินทร์ตอนตน้ เนอ่ื งจากไมไ่ ด้ระบุเวลาทแี่ นน่ อนเป็นการสนั นิษฐานจาก
หลกั ฐานอ่นื ๆ

รปู แบบประโยค Present perfect มกี ริยา to have เป็นกริยาชว่ ยอย่ใู นรูป Present กาลปจั จบุ นั
ซ่งึ ผนั ตามประธานเอกพจน์และพหูพจน์ และตามด้วยกริยาแท้ในรูป Past participle หรือกริยาชอ่ งที่ 3

Verb to have + V.3

King Rama V has visited Bang Pa-In during summer season.

King Rama V and the royal members have

ตัวอยา่ งประโยค
King Rama V has visited Bang Pa-In Palace during summer season.
พระบาทสมเดจ็ พระจุลจอมเกลา้ เจ้าอยู่หัว (รัชกาลท่ี 5) เสดจ็ พระราชวังบางปะอินชว่ งฤดูรอ้ น
King Rama III has heightened the main prang.
พระบาทสมเดจ็ พระนงั่ เกลา้ เจา้ อยหู่ ัว (รชั กาลท่ี 3) โปรดให้เพ่ิมความสงู ขององคป์ รางค์ประธาน
King Rama V has changed the name of the temple to Wat Benchamabopitr.
พระบาทสมเดจ็ พระจลุ จอมเกลา้ เจา้ อยหู่ วั (รชั กาลท่ี 5) ทรงเปล่ียนช่ือวดั เปน็ วดั เบญจมบพิตร

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รูปแบบประโยค Present perfect ท่มี ีรูปแบบเปน็ Passive voice เม่ือตอ้ งการกลา่ วถงึ สิง่ ทถ่ี ูกกระทาํ ใน

อดีตในความหมายตามที่กล่าวมาขา้ งตน้ ต้องใชห้ ลกั รว่ มกัน ดังนี้

Present Perfect = Verb to have+ V.3 V.3
Passive voice = Verb to be+ V.3

has/ have + been

The temple has been renovated in the early Rattanakosin.

Many temples have
ตัวอย่างประโยค
Ancient Buddha images have been collected from the North to install in Bangkok.
พระพทุ ธรปู โบราณถูกรวบรวมจากทางเหนอื มาเก็บรักษาในกรุงเทพ ไมไ่ ดร้ ะบเุ วลาท่แี นน่ อน

อาจใช้ประโยคสองรปู แบบด้วยกนั ตวั อยา่ งเช่น
The Bodhi tree shoots from India were planted on Si Chang Island. Later, one has been
moved to the Marble temple.
หน่อต้นโพธ์จิ ากอนิ เดียถกู ปลกู ไว้บนเกาะสีชัง ภายหลงั หน่อหนง่ึ ถกู ย้ายมาทีว่ ดั เบญจมบพติ ร
King Rama IV renamed the temple to Wat Benchabopitr. Later, King Rama V has changed
the name to Wat Benchamabopitr.

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แบบฝึกหัดท่ี 5 เตมิ คําตอบในชอ่ งว่างตอ่ ไปน้ีใหถ้ ูกต้องในรปู แบบประโยค Present perfect
ในรปู แบบ Active voice หรอื Passive voice

1. The name of Wat Jeng………………………….(change) to Wat Arun by King Rama II.
2. Wat Benchamabopitr ………………………………(renovate) by the order of King Rama V.
3. Prince Naris …………………………(design) the ordination hall of the marble temple.
4. The Bodhi tree shoot………………………………..(plant) as the principal monument of Wat

Benchamabopitr.
5. Phra Mondop at Wat Pho…………………………………(decorate) with broken Chinese

porcelain in typical art in the reign of King Rama III.
6. King Rama II………………………….(sculpt) the face of Phra Buddha Thammitsarat

Lokathatdilok.
7. UNESCO……………………………….(register) the 1,431 inscriptions at Wat Pho the Memory of

the World.
8. The temple …………………………..(call) Wat Jeng since the Ayutthaya period.
9. The old temple …………………………………(restore) by Prince Bididh Bhogabhubendra and

his brothers and sisters.
10. The Buddha Chinarat Bangkok……………………………(copy) from the one in Phitsanulok.

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แบบฝึกหัดที่ 6 ตอบคําถามขอ้ ต่อไปน้ีให้ถูกต้อง

1. What was the original name of Wat Arun?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. Which temple was used as the royal chapel in Thonburi period?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

3. How long the Emerald Buddha was enshrined at Thonburi kingdom?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4. What was the original function of the Chinese stone figures?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5. What are contained inside the White and Yellow stupas of the Four Great Stupa?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6. What does refer to Marco Polo at Wat Pho?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

7. What marker stones are used for?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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8. What paintings are they in the ordination hall of Wat Benchamabopitr?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

9. Who has designed the ordination hall at Wat Benchamabopitr?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

10. How many clusters of knowledge inscribed on the 1,431 stone slabs of Wat Pho?

What are they

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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บทที่ 6 ทอ่ งเทย่ี วอยุธยาเมอื งมรดกโลก

หวั ข%อเนอื้ หาประจำบท
1. กล่าวต้อนรบั แนะนํารายการนาํ เท่ียว และการส่งนักท่องเทีย่ วท่ีจุดหมายปลายทาง
2. พระราชวังบางปะอิน
3. วดั พระศรสี รรเพชญ
4. วัดราชบรู ณะ
5. วดั ไชยวัฒนาราม

จุดประสงค9
1. บอกคาํ ศัพทท์ เ่ี ก่ียวข้องกบั การบรรยายนาํ ชม
2. ต้อนรบั นักทอ่ งเที่ยว อธิบายรายการนําเทยี่ ว และส่งนกั ทอ่ งเทย่ี วทจี่ ุดหมายปลายทาง
3. ใช้ประโยครูปแบบ Relative Clause ประโยค Present Perfect และ Passive voice
4. บรรยายนําชมแหลง่ ทอ่ งเที่ยว
5. แนะนําข้อปฏบิ ัติและข้อห้าม

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บทท่ี 6

ท่องเที่ยวอยธุ ยาเมอื งมรดกโลก

ในบทนีเ้ ปน็ การนําเที่ยวเส้นทางท่องเที่ยวแบบหนึ่งวนั จังหวัดพระนครศรีอยุธยา รวมถึงการบรรยายใน
สถานที่ท่องเที่ยว การให้คําแนะนําในระหว่างการเดินทาง และข้อปฏิบัติในแหล่งท่องเที่ยว เส้นทาง
ท่องเที่ยวนี้เป็นที่นิยมในหมู่นักท่องเที่ยวชาวไทยและชาวต่างประเทศ เนื่องจากเป็นแหล่งท่องเที่ยว
ที่มีความโดดเด่นด้านศิลปะ และดา้ นประวัติศาสตรโ์ บราณคดี จนไดร้ ับการขึน้ ทะเบยี นใหเ้ ป็นมรดกโลก
จากองค์การยูเนสโก้ และยังเปน็ หลกั ฐานแสดงความเจรญิ รงุ่ เรอื งในฐานะเมอื งหลวงเกา่ ของไทย

1. การตอ้ นรบั แนะนํารายการนําเท่ยี ว และการสง่ นักทอ่ งเทย่ี ว

มคั คุเทศกร์ บั นักท่องเทย่ี วจากจดุ นดั พบ เริ่มต้นดว้ ยการกลา่ วตอ้ นรบั แนะนาํ ตัวเองและบรษิ ทั แนะนาํ
รายการนาํ เทีย่ วแบบหนง่ึ วนั ระยะเวลาในการเดนิ ทาง และจดุ หมายปลายทาง

คําศัพท์ท่ีเกยี่ วข้องกบั การบรรยาย

head (v) มุ่งหน้า ancient (adj) โบราณ
illegally (adv) อยา่ งผดิ กฎหมาย royal (adj) ทีเ่ กี่ยวข้องกบั กษตั รยิ ์
while (v) ขณะเดยี วกนั treasure (n) สมบัติ
keep (v) เกบ็ เก็บรกั ษา wallet (n) กระเปา๋ เงนิ
reach (v) เขา้ สู่ river prawn (n) กงุ้ แมน่ ํ้า

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กลา่ วต้อนรบั นกั ทอ่ งเท่ยี ว และแนะนําเส้นทางทอ่ งเทีย่ ว

Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to a one-day tour to Ayutthaya. On behalf of
Patumthanya tour, I would like to thank you for traveling with us.

We are now heading north to Ayutthaya. It takes about 1 hour and 30 minutes to get
there. We are going to visit Ayutthaya, the old capital for 417 years. There are a number
of historical sites which reflect the flourishing kingdom of Ayutthaya.

การแนะนํารายการนําเที่ยว

First, we are going to visit Bang Pa-In Palace. Next, we are going to have lunch. Then, we
are going to visit the city of Ayutthaya, the World Heritage. After that, we are going to
return to Bangkok.

(Reaching Ayutthaya) Ladies and gentlemen, we are now arriving at Ayutthaya province.
First, we are going to visit Bang Pa-In Palace built in the 17th century. It was again used as
the summer palace by King Rama 5 of Rattanakosin kingdom. Next, we are going to visit
the ancient palace and Wat Phra Sri Sanphet. Then we will have lunch at Pae Krung Kao.
We offer the special menu, the grilled river prawn, for everyone. In the afternoon, we are
going to visit Wat Phra Sri Sanphet, the royal chapel. After that, we are going to explore
Wat Ratchaburana where the royal treasure was illegally dug. After that, we are going to
enjoy the sunset at Wat Chai Wattanaram. Lastly, we are going to return to Bangkok.

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(Reaching Bang Pa-In Palace) We are arriving at Bang Pa-In Palace. We are going to stay
here for 2 hours. Please take your hat, umbrella, sunglasses with you. Do not leave mobile
phone or wallet on the bus. Please follow me to the entrance. I’m going to get the ticket
while you are waiting you can use toilet there.

การส่งนักท่องเทย่ี วทจ่ี ุดหมายปลายทาง

(At the hotel) Our tour has come to an end. I hope that you have a good time in Ayutthaya.
I would like to thank you again for choosing us. And hope that we, Patumthanya Tour, will
have the opportunity to serve you again. Enjoy your holiday in Thailand and have a safe
journey back to your country. Sawadee ka.

2. Bang Pa-In Palace พระราชวังบางปะอิน
พระราชวังบางปะอิน หรอื พระราชวังฤดูรWอน ตั้งอยู่เกาะกลางแม่น้ําเจา้ พระยาจัดวาY เปนZ แหลYงทอY งเที่ยว!
ที่สำคัญของจังหวัดพระนครศรีอยุธยา นักทYองเที่ยวใหWความสนใจเขWาชมจำนวนมาก ภายในประกอบ
ไปดWวยอาคารทีม่ ีสถาปkตยกรรมหลากหลาย ทัง้ ศิลปะตะวนั ตก ไดWแกY นโี อคลาสิค สเปน ดัทชo องั กฤษ สวสิ
และศิลปะตะวันออก ไดWแกY เขมรและจีน และภูมิทัศนoอันงดงามของพระราชวังแหYงน้ี สำหรับผูWท่ี
ไมYตอW งการเดินสามารถเที่ยวชมโดยรถกอลoฟที่ให้บริการที่ทางเขาW ไดW

คำศัพททo เี่ กีย่ วขWองในการบรรยาย

cart (n) รถ elegant (adj) สง่างาม
usurp (v) ยึดครอง trumpeter (n) นักเปาt แตร

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pray (v) สวด ขอพร stunning (adj) สวย
pledge (v) รับประกัน
anteroom (n) หWองเฉลยี ง หอW งรอ commission (v) วาY จWาง
louvered (adj) เปนZ บานเกล็ด
observatory (n) หอสงั เกตการณo unfortunately (adv) โชครWาย
obelisk (n) เสายอดปรx ามดิ
dedication (n) คำอุทศิ pulley (n) รอก

cenotaph (n) อนสุ าวรยี o

compose (v) แตงY ประพนั ธo

Field Marshal จอมทพั

Bang Pa-In Palace or the summer palace is the main attraction in Ayutthaya province. A
large number of tourists visit here every day. Inside the palace consists of various style of
architecture including Western style such as Neoclassic, Spanish, Dutch, English, and Swiss,
and also Eastern style such as Khmer and Chinese. Moreover, the elegant landscape design
makes the palace very attractive and romantic. Anyone who does not want to walk can
rent the golf cart from here.

Before we walk inside, let me tell you briefly about the palace history. The Royal Palace
at Bang Pa-In has a history dating back to the. According to a chronicle of Ayutthaya, King
Prasat Thong built a palace on Bang Pa-In Island in the Chao Phraya River in 17th century.
A written document of a Dutch merchant, Jeremias van Vliet, reported that King Prasat
Thong was an illegitimate son of King Ekathosarot with a lady named ‘Miss In’ whom he
met on the island. The island where they met later called Bang Pa-In meaning ‘the place

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meet Miss In’. Later, the boy grew up to become the chief Minister. After having usurped
the throne, he became King Prasat Thong (สํานักพระราชวัง,!2546). The king founded the
palace on the land belonging to his mother. The chronicle records the name of only one
building, the Aisawan Thiphya-Art Royal Residance, which was constructed in 1632. It is
not known whether or not the palace was in use until the downfall of Ayutthaya in 1767.
However, by 1807, Sunthon Pu, the best-known poet of Rattanakosin era passed by and
mentioned the name of the palace in his poem Nirat Phrabat! or Journey to worship
Buddha’s footprint at Saraburi. The palace was revived by King Rama IV or King Mongkut.
Most of the building were built during the reign of King Rama V.

ภาพท่ี 6.1 Bang Pa-In Palace
ที่มา: พิมพิกา ทองรมยo (2558)
Let’s walk inside, please follow me. The small Khmer shrine on the left-hand side is Ho
Hem Monthien Tevaraj. King Rama V was worried about Prince Vajirunhit who was
traveling by the river. The king prey for his son and made a pledge to build a shrine
dedicated to King Prasat Thong. He ordered the construction made in China and

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completed in 1889. Next, we are going to the main throne hall. On the right-hand side is
the pavilion called Krajom Trae. It is located by the pond. This octagonal Spanish style
pavilion was used for trumpeters to welcome King Rama V arrival. Then we are going to
walk across the Doll Bridge. King Rama V intended to copy the bridge across the Tiber
River in Rome, Italy. The doll sculptures were Goddesses imported from Europe. The
bridge offers a stunning view of the palace. From here we can see the opened pavilion in
the middle of the pond, Aisawan Thiphya-Art. The four-sided gable roof, a copy of Phra
Thinang Aphonphimok Prasat in the Grand Palace, Bangkok, was built in 1876. King Rama
V named it after King Prasat Thong’s original pavilion. Inside enshrines a bronze statue of
King Rama V in the uniform of a Field Marshal which was set up by Rama VI. At the end
of the bridge gives the access to Warophat Piman Throne hall. A one-floored mansion
in Neo-classic style was built in the reign of King Rama V in 1976 as his residence and
throne hall.

This is the only building in Bang Pa-In palace where the ladies have to wear skirt. You can
put on clothes you have prepared or borrow and return here.

Here is the anterooms are decorated with oil paintings depicting significant events in Thai
history and scenes from Thai literature, commissioned by King Rama V in 1888. The throne
room contains the throne and the royal chairs of King Rama IX and Queen Sirikit. The royal
private apartments of this building are located in the inner palace section.

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Next, we are going to the Inner Court linked by Saowaros Bridge. The well-designed bridge
with a louvered wall provided a passageway for the court ladies without being seen.

Within the inner palace are residential buildings, pavilions and gazebos in a garden setting.
On the right hand side, Phra Thinang Uthayan Phumisathian, the favourite residence of
King Rama V. The two-floored wood building was built in 1877. It was a Swiss chalet
painted in green. Unfortunately, it was burnt down in 1938. The new building was
constructed by the Queen Sirikit’s command. The new one is in Victorian architecture and
painted in pale purple. Next is the observatory tower in Dutch style, Ho Withun Thasana.
It was built in the reign of King Rama V in 1881 as a lookout tower for viewing the
surrounding.

Please mind the steps on the way up to the tower. From here we can see the Chinese
style mansion, Phra Thinang Wehart Chumrun. It was built in the reign of King Rama V.
The construction took 10 years to complete in 1889. The pulley elevator which was the
first one in the country was installed on the west wing by King Rama V. This mansion was
the favorite of King Rama VI. He wrote his literature work at this mansion. Let’s go
downstairs.

This palace is filled with King Rama V’s memory as we are going to see the Memorial to
Queen Sunandakumariratana. It was built to commemorate the Queen who drowned
during her travelling to the Bang Pa-In palace in 1881. King Rama V set up a marble obelisk

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as a cenotaph to her memory in her favorite garden and composed the dedication himself
in both Thai and English. Nearby, the Memorial to Princess Saovabhark Nariratana and
three royal children. Princess Saovabhark Nariratana, a consort of King Rama V and three
of his children died in the same year of 1887. The king had a marble cenotaph bearing
their portraits (สำนกั พระราชวัง, 2546).

We are going to the meet at the exit in 20 minutes. At the exit you will find the refreshment
bar and the toilet. I will wait for you inside and I will take you to the restaurant.

3. Wat Ratchaburana วัดราชบูรณะ

วัดราชบูรณะ เปZนวัดที่มีความงดงามตามสถาปkตยกรรมอยุธยาตอนตWน และยังเปZนที่เปZนที่รูWจัก
เรื่องของสมบัติภายในกรุ ที่ถูกขโมยลักลอบขุดในปี ค.ศ. 1957 ซึ่งตามกลับมาไดWบางสYวนเทYาน้ัน!
และปkจจุบันจดั แสดงอยูY ภายในพพิ ธิ ภัณฑoเจาW สามพระยา

คำศัพทoทเี่ กยี่ วขWองในการบรรยาย

treasure (n) ทรพั ย์สมบัติ smuggle (v) ลกั ลอบ
desire (v) ปรารถนา battle (n) การต่อสู้
cremation (n) พธิ เี ผาศพ funeral (n) งานศพ
looter (n) ผู้ปลน้ สะดม protruding (n) ทย่ี ื่นออกมา
crypt (n) กรุ sacred (adj) ศักด์สิ ทิ ธ์ิ
devastation (n) การทาํ ลายล้าง quantity (n) จํานวนมาก
amulet (n) พระพมิ พ์ เคร่อื งราง pass away เสียชีวติ

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Wat Ratchaburana was finely built in the early Ayutthaya architecture. It is also well-known
for the royal treasure which was stolen in 1957. Partially was returned and now is
displaying in the Chao Phraya National Museum where we are going later today.

In 1424, King Inthrachathirat passed away. His two sons, Chao Ay Phraya who reigned over
Suphanburi and Chao Yi Phraya who reigned over Sanburi, now in Chainart province, met
in battle as both desired the throne. The battle took place at the Pa-Than bridge and both
were killed in the battle. A third son, Chao Sam Phraya came down from Phitsanolok and
ascended the throne. He organized a funeral for his father and his two brothers.
Afterwards, he ordered the building of a temple, namely Wat Ratchaburana at the site of
the cremation. He had two chedis in which to keep their ashes.

ภาพท่ี 6.2 The outside and inside of the main prang at Wat Ratchaburana
ทม่ี า: พมิ พิกา ทองรมยo (2562)

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The principal monument is a prang, a Thai stupa modified from a Khmer tower. In the
front is the large image hall with three entrances. At the rear of the image hall is a high
base used to enshrine the Buddha image now disappeared. The main prang shows the
typical architecture of the early Ayutthaya period. It has a protruding mondop at the front
entrance with three stairways leading to the inside prang. On the top of the mondop is
decorated with a miniature bell-shaped chedi. On each corner of the prang is adorned
with garuda signifying the sacred area of Buddhist heaven, Mount Meru. The top part is a
corncob shape spire topped with a pinnacle. The main hall used to enshrine the Buddha
image but now disappeared.

Beneath the main hall was a crypt where kept the royal treasure. In September of 1957,
looters smuggled into the crypt and stole a great quantity of valuable objects. Later some
of them were arrested but most of the treasure unreturned. During the excavation, it
found Buddha images and many artefacts made of gold. The lowest level crypt is mural
paintings in the early Ayutthaya period which rarely found due to the devastation of the
war. A stairway was later built to let people go down into the crypt and look at the mural
paintings displaying the Five Buddhas. The fourth Buddha, Amitapa Buddha which lasts for
5,000 years. The next Buddha will be born in the world, name Metraiya. Some Buddha
images amulet were approved giving to people who had contributed to building of the
Chao Sam Phraya National Museum.

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4. Wat Phra Si Sanphet วดั พระศรีสรรเพชญ

วัดพระศรีสรรเพชญ เคยเปZนวัดที่สำคัญที่สุดในอยุธยา เปZนพระอารามในพระราชวังเหมือนกับ
ทว่ี ัดมหาธาตุ สโุ ขทัย และวดั พระแกWว กรุงเทพ ความโดดเดYนของวัดนคี้ ือ พระเจดยี oสามองคo ซ่งึ ถือว่าเปน็
สญั ลักษณสo ำคญั ของอยธุ ยา
คำศัพทoท่ีเก่ียวขอW งในการบรรยาย

landmark (n) สถานที่สำคญั monastery (n) วัด
occasion (n) โอกาส ashes (n) อฐั ิ
following (adj) ทต่ี ามมา command (v) สง่ั ออกคำสั่ง
invade (v) โจมตี dwell (v) อยูYอาศัย
core (n) แกนใน make merit (v) ทำบุญ

We are now at Wat Phra Si Sanphet. It was the most important temple in the Ayutthaya
period. It was the royal chapel in the palace as same as that at Wat Mahathat Sukhothai
and Wat Phra Keaw in Bangkok. The significant feature of the temple is the three main
chedi which is now the landmark of Ayutthaya city.

In 1448, King Borommatrailokanat ordered a monastery to be built on the site where the
palace was. The royal palace was moved to the north instead. The main monument of
the temple is the three chedis which were built in 2 occasions. King Ramathibodi II,
ordered the construction for two chedis in 1492, one for keeping the ashes of his father
King Borommatrailokanat and the other one for his brother, King Borommarachathirat III.

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The third chedi was built by order of King Boromchao No Phuttangkun. It was similarly
used to house royal ashes of his father King Ramathibodi II. Between the chedis are the
mondops which were used for making merit ceremony. Nowadays, only the foundations
still remain.

ภาพท่ี 6.3 The three chedis at Wat Phra Si Sanphet
ที่มา: พิมพิกา ทองรมยo (2562)
On the east is the large image hall built by King Ramathibodi II In 1499. The following
year, the king commanded the casting of a standing Buddha image 16 metres high and
covered with gold weighing 171 kilograms, namely Phra Buddha Chao Si Sanphetdayan
and enshrined in the royal image hall. This temple was the royal chapel and has no monks
dwelt there. It was used for royal ceremonies. When Ayutthaya was invaded in 1767, the
gold which covered the Buddha image was taken. After the war, King Rama I has ordered
to transfer the inner core of Phra Buddha Chao Si Sanphet from Ayutthaya to place in the

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added corner chedi, namely Chedi Phra Si Sanphetdayan, at Wat Phra Chetuphon. At the
same time, the Buddha image called Phraloknat has also been moved to enshrine in the
image hall at Wat Phra Chetuphon, Bangkok.

There are smaller chedis around the temple compound supposedly for keeping ashes of
the royal member in Ayutthaya period. Further north, it was the royal palace. But only
the foundations are remained. You can walk around and meet again at the entrance in 20
minutes. After that, we will visit Wat Ratchaburana.

5. Wat Chai Wattanaram วัดไชยวฒั นาราม

วัดไชยวัฒนาราม เป็นวัดสําคัญที่ตั้งอยู่ทางตะวนั ตกนอกเกาะเมืองอยุธยา มีรูปแบบสถาปัตยกรรมโดด
เด่นสร้างจําลองจากปราสาทนครวดั ซ่ึงทําให้การสร้างปรางค์นิยมในศิลปะอยธุ ยาตอนปลาย และเป็นวดั
สาํ คัญต้ังแต่สมัยสมเดจ็ พระเจ้าปราสาททอง ปจั จบุ ันกระแสการทอ่ งเที่ยวเชงิ ภาพยนตร์ตามรอยละคร ทาํ
ให้วดั น้ีเปน็ ท่สี นใจในหมู่นกั ทอ่ งเที่ยวไทยและตา่ งชาตมิ ากข้ึน

คำศพั ททo เี่ ก่ียวขWองในการบรรยาย

follow (v) ตาม costume (n) เครือ่ งแต่งกาย
dedicate (v) อุทศิ behead (v) ตัดศีรษะ
victory (n) ชยั ชนะ continuously (adv) อยา่ งต่อเนื่อง
ventilated (adj) ท่อี ากาศถ่ายเท silhouette (n) ภาพเงา

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Here we are at Chai Wattanaram temple, the last place in our programme. This temple is
the great example of the late Ayutthaya architecture style. Recently, it becomes well-
known among the film tourists who follows the step of the Thai period TV series. The
number of tourists has increased by 200% from 1,000 to 20,000 on weekends
(bangkokpost.com). If you notice, you will see many Thai costume rental shops near the
temple, that also the effect of the TV series. Anyone care for wearing Thai costume? You
can rent the clothes from 200 to 250 baht, less than $10, depends on the design. After
the tour, you have to return it at the shop. Okey, everyone wants it. Follow me please.

Everyone looks very nice in Thai costume. Shall we enter the temple? This way please.
Let me tell you about the history of the temple here before we walk inside. Wat Chai
Wattanaram is located on the west bank of the Chao Phraya River. it was built by King
Prasat Thong in 1630 on the site where was the of his mother’s residence. It is believed
that it was built to dedicate to her. However, Prince Dumrong, the historian, believed that
it was built to glorify his victory over Cambodia. Due to the principal monument was
copied from Angkor Wat. The temple was continuously used for the ritual ceremonies by
the kings. During the war between Ayutthaya and Burma between 1765-1767, the temple
was used as the army camp against the enemy until the fall of Ayutthaya. After that, the
temple was abandoned. Looters have dug and beheaded the images for valuable items.
The old bricks were also taken for sale. Until 1987, the restoration was started by the Fine

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Arts Department. In 1992, the temple has become one of the main historical attractions
of Ayutthaya.

Now let’s move inside. Please stand under the shade here. The main prang is 35 metres
high with four porches on four directions. The prang stands on the platform with four
smaller prangs on the corners. The whole group is enclosed by cloisters with eight smaller
chedis, called meru at eight directions.

ภาพท่ี 6.4 Wat Chai Wattanaram and the Buddha images along the cloisters.
ทมี่ า: พมิ พกิ า ทองรมยo (2562)
They are 12 stucco motifs depicting the Buddha’s life scenes on the exterior walls, one
scene on each meru except the corner ones have two scenes. The cloisters have
ventilated walls in the typical Ayutthaya style facing out. But no walls facing in, allowed
the view of the main prang to be seen. Along the cloisters place 120 Buddha images in
the attitude of subduing mara which are all damaged. Let’s have a look under the meru.

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English for Tourist Guide Dr. Pimpika Thongrom

You can see that this on is larger than those along the cloisters. There are eight crowned
Buddha images made of brick and stucco and covered with black lacquer under each
meru. Please walk outside and I’ll show you the stucco motifs.

The motifs start from the eastern meru then proceed in the clockwise direction. Most of
the motifs are in semi ruin and difficult to see. Let’s walk to the northeastern meru. On
the northern wall depicts the Buddha visits his father and his relatives. On the eastern
wall show the Buddha walking down from Tavatimsa heaven after giving sermon to his
mother Queen Maya.

From here we can see a large base of a building to the east of the temple by the river.
Building the ordination hall at the front of the temple was commonly found in Ayutthaya
period. North and south are two added corners chedis which kept the ashes of King
Prasat Thong’s mother (สภุ ัทรดศิ ดิศสกุล, 2537; ศักด์ิชัย สายสงิ ห์, 2560).

This temple is considered as one of the best places to view sunset in Ayutthaya. Now the
sun is setting and creating the great silhouette of the chedi. Please enjoy the scenery and
photo taking. Then please meet up at the exit at 6 o’clock.

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