The jetties experience a dense population, including tourists, with a strong emphasis on hygiene, aesthetics, cultural and natural assets, and restoration efforts. Although development and facilities are advancing slowly, the Penang Municipal Council's official website provides the Development Planning and Control Policy Plan, aiming for balanced development while preserving natural environments. Challenges in waste handling and maintenance persist, attributed to the absence of sewage plants to manage and transfer human waste efficiently. Recommendations Improving waste handling and maintenance is crucial, necessitating the urgent establishment of sewage plants for efficient waste collection and disposal. This strategic move addresses current challenges and prepares for future demands of a growing population and increasing tourism. Adherence to the Development Planning and Control Policy Plan, available on the Penang Municipal Council's official website, is vital for achieving balanced development while preserving natural environments. Prioritizing these initiatives helps the region navigate the delicate balance between progress and environmental preservation, laying the groundwork for sustained growth. Justification The clan jetties offer basic facilities, with houses on stilts above the water, some having limited utilities. Narrow wooden walkways connect these houses, hosting small shops, eateries, and temples. Waste management at clan jetties varies, presenting challenges due to limited infrastructure. Community cleanups and recycling programs should be underway to tackle these issues Development at clan jetties strives to preserve cultural heritage while catering to tourism. This involves upholding ensuring the area's unique charm persists while meeting present-day demands 1 2 3 ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS DISCUSSION ON CLAN JETTIES BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX 269
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX Padang Kota Lama, comprising three images denoted P1, P2, and P3, the average value for the mobility and safety rubric in P1 was 4.28, while the minimum value for the human density and building composition rubric was 3. The element in image P2 with the highest mean value is waste management and maintenance, at 4.33. The minimum recorded value of human density in P2 was 3.04. The attribute with the highest mean value in the P3 image was safety and mobility, at 4.24. The human density mean for P3, which documented the lowest value, was 2.98. ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS DISCUSSION ON PADANG KOTA LAMA View towards Queen Victoria Memorial Clock Tower View towards Majlis Perbandaran Pulau Pinang View towards Field of Padang Kota PADANG KOTA LAMA MOBILITY SAFETY FACILITIES HUMAN DENSITY BUILDING COMPOSOTION DEVELOPMENT NATURAL ASSETS CULTURAL ASSESTS AESTHETICAL HARMONY RESTRORATION HYGIENE WASTE HANDLING UPKEEP P1 P2 P3 5 4 3 2 1 0 5 270 P1 P2 P3
The Development Planning and Control Policy Plan, which is available on the official portal of the Penang Municipal Council, is predicated on policies and guidelines. Its primary objective is to ensure the convenience of Penang's residents through the construction and maintenance of infrastructure. Solid waste management program was established subsequent to the "Cleanliness Awareness Campaign" that commenced on May 5, 1991, in collaboration with the Action Programme to Make Malaysia Clean and Beautiful (ABC). The development plan aims to align Padang Kota's development projects with the Development Planning and Control Policy Plan, prioritizing infrastructure improvements for residents' comfort. Solid waste management will continue to improve, focusing on strategic bin locations, regular collection schedules, and community awareness programs. Cooperation with the Make Malaysia Clean and Beautiful Action Program (ABC) will be strengthened to share best practices and implement sustainable solutions. Justification Penang City Hall and Queen Victoria's Clock Tower are relics of colonial history. City Hall echoes governance, while the Clock Tower honors Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, a testament to Penang's ties to the British Empire. Padang Kota Lama, the picturesque waterfront, offers stunning views of the sea, Penang Bridge, and Fort Cornwallis. Visitors are urged to leisurely stroll along the esplanade, savoring the relaxed atmosphere. Padang Kota Lama is a lively cultural hub along the waterfront Esplanade, featuring music concerts and cultural festivals that attract both locals and visitors. The nearby Town Hall and City Hall enhance the area's architectural charm. 1 2 3 ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS DISCUSSION ON PADANG KOTA LAMA BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX Recommendations 271
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS DISCUSSION ON BUKIT BENDERA View towards Astaka Cliff Cafe View towards the lower levels of Bukit Bendera View towards the lower levels of Bukit Bendera In Bukit Bendera, across three photos (P1, P2, and P3), nature stands out as the most dominant feature, consistently scoring high, while aspects like Human Interference, Human Density, and Architectural Identity exhibit lower prominence. For example, in P1, Nature scores 4.28, and Human Interference scores 3.80; in P2, Maintenance & Cleanliness dominates with a score of 4.35, and Human Density is least dominant at 3.43; finally, in P3, Maintenance & Cleanliness is again the most dominant at 4.46, while Architectural Identity is the least dominant at 3.85. BUKIT BENDERA NATURE SETTING BIODERVERSITY RESTORATION HUMAN INTERFERENCE HUMAN DENSITY DEVELOPMENT/URBAN DENSITY ARCHITECTURAL IDENTITY MAINTANANCE & CLEANLINESS P1 P2 P3 0 2 3 4 5 1 272 P1 P2 P3
The Development Planning and Control Policy Plan, which is available on the official portal of the Penang Municipal Council, is predicated on policies and guidelines. Its primary objective is to ensure the convenience of Penang's residents through the construction and maintenance of infrastructure. Solid waste management program was established subsequent to the "Cleanliness Awareness Campaign" that commenced on May 5, 1991, in collaboration with the Action Programme to Make Malaysia Clean and Beautiful (ABC). The development plan aims to align Padang Kota's development projects with the Development Planning and Control Policy Plan, prioritizing infrastructure improvements for residents' comfort. Solid waste management will continue to improve, focusing on strategic bin locations, regular collection schedules, and community awareness programs. Cooperation with the Make Malaysia Clean and Beautiful Action Program (ABC) will be strengthened to share best practices and implement sustainable solutions. Justification Bukit Bendera, a popular tourist destination in Penang, prioritizes maintenance, cleanliness, and community involvement to ensure safety, environmental health, and cultural significance. Conserving Bukit Bendera is vital for protecting diverse ecosystems, preserving cultural and historical significance, sustaining recreational value, and supporting local economies through tourism. The panoramic view allows observers to appreciate George Town’, it’s cultural landmarks and the scenic coastline. It serves as an ideal location to take in the beauty of George Town from a different perspective 1 2 3 ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS DISCUSSION ON BUKIT BENDERA BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX Recommendations 273
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION HOLDS SIGNIFICANT IMPORTANCE FOR THE TOURISTS IN GEORGE TOWN ECO-TOPLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CONSERVE OF NATURAL RESOURCES. OVER-TOURISM PROFOUNDLY INFLUENV LOCAL COMMUNITY. THE EARTH IS RICH IN RESOURCES, IF WE KNOW HOW TO USE THEM WISELY.A RIATION OVER DECADES VARIATION OF BUKIT BEND E RA V EI W VISUALASSESSME N T A E STHETIC EXPERIENCE V EI WSHED OFLANDSCAPE The term "Viewsheds" refers to the observable area visible from a specific vantage point. Utilizing this concept as a nominal variable involved classifying the spaces within the research scope. By categorizing spaces based on their characteristics and developmental status, the research sought to provide a nuanced understanding of the visual landscape. The research uncovered a significant revelation regarding the cell count variation within the grid overlays spanning four checkpoints at Bukit Bendera. The discrete variable, representing cell counts, emerged as a critical indicator, showcasing nuanced variations over time. This key finding offers valuable insights into the dynamic landscape evolution, shedding light on the patterns of development, from natural spaces to areas characterized by modest, semi, and heavy development across the different checkpoints at Bukit Bendera. Aesthetic Experience was measured on an ordinal scale, capturing subjective perceptions of beauty and overall visual enjoyment. The findings unveiled preferences and trends among individuals regarding the aesthetic qualities of the landscape. Understanding these subjective experiences is crucial for creating environments that resonate positively with the community and fostering a sense of connection to the surroundings. UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX CONCLUSION HIGHLIGHTS OF KEY FINDINGS Google Earth View's Grid Overlays help show changes in George Town, Penang. Each grid cell is a separate unit, and the different cell counts reveal the dynamic transformations occurring within the studied areas. Significant variations in cell counts within Google Earth View's Grid Overlays were observed, depicting changes in natural and developed areas over the decades since 1990 until 2020 Visual Assessment involved a structured approach to grading or ranking aspects related to the visual appeal and quality of the landscape. The Visual Assessment data showed clear patterns in how different areas were visually perceived. Some places consistently got high ratings, indicating they were visually appealing, while others got lower scores, suggesting areas that could be improved. This finding provides valuable insights for urban planning, emphasizing the significance of visual aesthetics in shaping public spaces. 274
SUSTAINABLEENHANCEM E NT RUBRICSSCORING LANDSCAPEFEATURE S BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX PRESERVATION OF HERRIT A GE CULT U RAL VALUEENHANCEMENT The study incorporated a binary variable to quantify the availability of Landscape Features. This binary classification helped differentiate areas based on the presence or absence of specific landscape features, providing a more objective and tangible dimension to the analysis. The presence or absence of these features influenced both the Visual Assessment and Aesthetic Experience, emphasizing the interplay between subjective perceptions and tangible landscape elements. Descriptive statistics, including rating scores and percentages, were utilized to analyze visual assessment, aesthetic experience, and the availability of landscape features, providing a quantitative overview. This approach facilitated a measurable analysis of participants' opinions on the visual quality and aesthetic aspects of landscapes, making it easier to understand both the subjective feelings of participants and the tangible features of the landscapes. This, in turn, enhanced the thoroughness of the study. The nominal variable, focusing on the preservation of heritage areas, signifies the importance of maintaining and safeguarding these zones to ensure the continuity of cultural narratives and historical legacies. Findings highlight the specific measures required to protect and conserve the architectural, artistic, and cultural elements that contribute to the unique identity of these heritage areas. Another significant revelation of the research pertains to the potential for enhancing the cultural values embedded in the studied areas. The nominal variable associated with cultural value enhancement underscores the identified opportunities for promoting cultural vibrancy, fostering community engagement, and encouraging creative expressions. The focus here is on holistic, sustainable measures that consider environmental stewardship, community well-being, and economic vitality. The nominal variable encapsulates a range of actionable strategies, from eco-friendly infrastructure initiatives to community-driven conservation efforts, aiming to create a harmonious balance between growth and preservation in these areas. CONCLUSION HIGHLIGHTS OF KEY FINDINGS 275
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX The study delves into visual assessment, aesthetic experience, and the frequency of visual receivers at Padang Kota, Clan Jetties, and Bukit Bandera. The statistics reveal distinct contributions of certain elements to visual experiences, enhancing our understanding of the unique characteristics in these locations. Recognizing the potential impact on the natural surroundings, particularly through aesthetic experiences, visual receivers, and landscape features, opens avenues for targeted conservation measures crucial for preserving specific viewpoints within the heritage zone of George Town, Penang. Future research can focus on substantiating visual characteristics in Padang Kota, Bukit Bandera, and Clan Jetties. This comprehensive data collection not only contributes to understanding the visual elements of these places but also considers the influence of visual experiences on tourism activities and the environment. Further studies can explore targeted conservation measures for specific viewpoints crucial to the visual heritage of George Town, Penang. contributionlimitation future research The visual assessment recognizes the differences between locations but acknowledges the importance of considering other factors for a complete understanding of strengths and weaknesses. However, the challenge lies in diverse individual preferences, making it hard to establish a universal evaluation standard. To better grasp the factors affecting less appealing visual experiences for visitors in these areas, a more thorough data collection approach is essential. CONCLUSION CONTRIBUTION & LIMITATION POTENTIAL FUTURE RESEARCH 276
sumary sumaryIn response to these findings, various strategies, such as strategic landscaping and design modifications, have been proposed to enhance the visual impact. Public and stakeholder involvement played a vital role in developing these recommendations. Overall, the evaluation serves as a foundational element for aligning the project's goals with aesthetic considerations, striving for a more environmentally conscious and aesthetically cohesive assimilation into the environment. The subsequent research outcomes, including grid overlays, descriptive statistics, discussions, and recommendations, reinforce this foundation, providing actionable insights for sustainable development and preservation of George Town's significant tourist-frequented areas. The research, encompassing a Visual Impact Assessment, delivers crucial insights for wellinformed decision-making, particularly in the proposed project's context. The assessment identified a moderate negative visual effect on the aesthetic appeal of the adjacent terrain, specifically near sensitive receptors within the research site covering Bukit Bendera, Padang Kota Lama, and Penang Clan Jetties. It is imperative that the study acknowledges and addresses these concerns to mitigate potential long-term consequences for all three locations. BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX CONCLUSION SUMMARY 277
UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX 1 2 3 4 Green building initiative Sustainable Tourism Practices Waste management Adaptive Reuse of Buildings Enforce and incentivize green building standards is crucial to actively encourage developers to go beyond compliance by constructing environmentally friendly buildings. These structures should prioritize incorporating advanced practices in energy efficiency, water conservation, and the use of sustainable materials. Promote sustainable tourism practices that minimize the environmental impact from the visitors to the jetties. Implement responsible tourism guidelines, such as a guideline signboard on managing waste and visiting the area and ecofriendly transportation options to the area. Efficient waste management on Bukit Bendera is essential for preserving its beauty. This involves waste reduction, recycling, and more frequent cleanups. Raising awareness among residents and visitors is crucial for their active contribution to maintaining the ecological integrity of this natural environment. Promote adaptive reuse of heritage buildings, encouraging the transformation of historic structures into sustainable spaces such as eco-friendly hotels, museums, or community centers. This minimizes the need for new construction and preserves the cultural significance of the area. CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATIONS 278
CONTENT SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STUDY UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX Detailed FIELDWORK MANAGEMENT 3.8.1 INTRODUCTION SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN GEORGE TOWN ISSUES AND CHALLENGES EXISTING EFFORT AND APPROACHES 3.8.1.1 3.8.1.2 3.8.1.3 3.8.1.4 GOAL AND OBJECTIVES 3.8.2 GENERAL RESEARCH ACTIVITY 3.8.3 METHODOLOGY INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT VARIABLES SAMPLING METHOD 3.8.3.1 3.8.3.2 3.8.3.3 3.8.3.4 FEASIBILITY STUDY 3.8.3.5 FIELDWORK EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURS 3.8.4 ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS INTRODUCTION MAPPING OF GEORGE TOWN’S RECYCLING CENTRES SWM PRACTICES AMONG LOCAL AND TOURIST 3.8.4.1 3.8.4.2 3.8.4.3 3.8.4.4 INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON SWM PRACTICES 3.8.4.5 INFLUENCE OF AGE ON SWM PRACTICES 3.8.4.6 INFLUENCE OF EDUCATION ON SWM PRACTICES 3.8.4.7 INFLUENCE OF INCOME ON SWM PRACTICES 3.8.3.6 ETHICAL CONSIDERATION 279-280 279 280 280 280 286 281 282-286 282 283 284 284 285 292 289-297 287 288 289 290 291 293 3.8.5 CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATIONS 3.8.5.1 3.8.5.2 3.8.5.3 POTENTIAL FUTURE RESEARCH 3.8.5.4 CONTRIBUTION AND LIMITATION HIGHLIGHTS OF KEY FINDINGS SUMMARY OF SOSIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STUDY 3.8.5.5 293-298 294-295 296 296 297 298
George Town, one of the districts in Penang, is one of the tourist attractions in the domestic and foreign tourists that has a place of high heritage and cultural value. The preservation of cultural traditions despite the urbanization process has created an environment that attracts both domestic and foreign tourists. Solid waste management study is conducted in conjunction with the questionnaire survey teams by including the solid waste management practices-related questions. Researchers have identified the six locations St Xavier Institution, Penang Ta Kam Hong, Eu Yan Sang Retail Store, Penang Little India, UNESCO History Site, and Armenian Street as suitable for survey activities. These locations are chosen because they are not only tourist attractions but also community settlement areas which means both local and tourist are both involved as the target respondents. 1 Maps 1.0: Selected Survey Questionnaire from Day 2 until Day 5 INTRODUCTION SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN GEORGE TOWN BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX 279 GEORGE TOWN, PENANG
1 2 3 Lack of social responsibility on managing solid waste. The lack of knowledge regarding solid waste management practices based on sociodemographic Implementation of Solid Waste Reduction through 3R (NSWM Policy). Regulations, enforcement and public-private partnership. RESEARCH GOAL The overarching goal of this research is to comprehensively investigate the current solid waste management practices in George Town, with a focus on both locals and tourists. To identify solid waste management practices among locals and tourists in George Town. To assess the solid waste management practices among locals and tourists based on gender, age group, education and income level. To propose recommendations derived from the analysis findings for enhancing solid waste management practices among locals and tourists. OBJECTIVE1 OBJECTIVE 2 OBJECTIVE 3 Recycling programs, public awareness and education. Composting, waste-to-energy, innovation and technology. The lack of knowledge and expertise on recycling expert (Noor, 1997). ISSUES & CHALLENGES EFFORTS & APPROACHES GOAL & OBJECTIVES UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX INTRODUCTION 280
Research Question Research Objectives Research Inquires Research Variables Research Outcome What is the solid waste management practices adopted among local and tourists ? To identify solid waste management practices among locals and tourists in George Town The solid waste management practices adopted among local and tourist Ordinal Variable: 4 items (each) of 5-Likert-Scale on local and tourist Mean Statistic of 4 items (each) of 5-Likert-Scale on local and tourist How does the solid waste management practices among local and tourist differs based on gender, age group, education and income level? To assess the solid waste management practices among local and tourist based on gender, age group, education and income level The solid waste management practices adopted among local and tourist based on gender, age group, education and income level Ordinal Variable: 4 items (each) of 5- likert scale with respective sociodemography background (gender, age group, income and education) Mean Statistic of 4 items (each) and across selected sociodemography background What enhancement can be recommended on the solid waste management practices among locals and tourists? To propose recommendations derived from the analysis findings for enhancing solid waste management practices among local and tourist. Recommendation on enhancing the solid waste management practices among local and tourist Nominal Variables: List of recommendations suggestion on the enhancement of solid waste management practices Recommendation Stating the suitable recommendations on each practices among local and tourist that requires improvement based on the analysis findings GENERAL RESEARCH ACTIVITIES RESEARCH INQUIRES VARIABLES & OUTCOME BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX 281
INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX TO URISTSURVEY METHODOLOGY S O CIODEMOGRAPHIC S OCIOECONOMY An effective strategy for solid waste management, it is crucial to consider the sociodemographic characteristics of the community. This involves examining factors such as age, gender, education level, and income, as they play a important role in influencing waste generation, disposal practices, and the overall environmental awareness of the population. The importance of understanding community characteristics is underscored, as these factors significantly impact community participation in recycling activities. Sources: Household solid waste management practices and perceptions among residents in the East Coast of Malaysia. (2022, January 5). BioMed Central. Socioeconomic concepts, outlined by income groups such as B40, M40, and T20, reveal that wealthier societies generate complex waste due to high consumption, while low-income areas produce simpler waste with limited consumption. Affluent communities, equipped with financial resources and awareness, are more likely to invest in recycling and waste management, leading to effective waste reduction. Conversely, low-income communities face barriers in terms of resources and awareness, hindering the development of recycling initiatives. Sources: The effects of Socio-Economic influences on households recycling behaviour in Iskandar Malaysia. (2015). Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences . Household waste significantly contributes to waste generation, encompassing materials like food waste, paper, plastic, textiles, metal, and glass generated in residential areas. Consequently, assessing how residents manage their household waste is crucial for understanding their awareness and practices. This assessment is indispensable for developing and executing effective strategies in solid waste management. Sources: Towards sustainable solid waste management: Investigating household participation in solid waste management. (2014) .IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Recycling starts with curbside pickup or drop-off centers for household recyclables, transported to facilities for categorization (paper, glass, plastic, metal). Manual and automated methods are used for sorting, followed by processing like shredding or melting. Processed materials are then used to manufacture new products, such as recycled paper. Recycling center locations consider factors like population density, proximity to waste sources, transportation logistics, community accessibility, and environmental impact. Sources: Optimality of recycling and the location of a recycling center, (1994, November), Regional Science. The production of solid waste is especially high in the tourism activities. International tourist inflows are a unique kind of export since they come from countries where exports are made, adding to the amount of solid waste that the destination attracts. Since, environmental resources are production inputs in the construction of the tourist experience, incorrect solid waste management may have a detrimental effect on the destination's reputation. Sources: The Impact of Tourism on Solid Waste Generation and Management Cost in Madeira Island for the Period 1996–2018.(2021, May 7) Sustainability. LOCALSURVEY 282 RECYCLINGCENTRES
BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX METHODOLOGY VARIABLES I separate the food waste from my general waste I separate household waste based on its categories I practice the 3R(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) at home I make an effort in reducing the generation of household waste SWM 1 SWM 2 SWM 3 SWM 4 SWM 1 SWM 2 SWM 3 SWM 4 I practise the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) concept when travelling I will bring my environmentally friendly utensils while travelling I prioritise eco-friendly products when travelling I chose to eat at a restaurant instead of packing it Address list of Recycling Centre: 1. OJ Holdings Group Sdn Bhd, Menara BHL, 51-15-C1, Jln Sultan Ahmad 2. Excellents Recycle Centre, 176, Jln Hutton 3. Pusat Kitar Semula, 65, Lebuh Melaka 4. LNS Metal, 451-B, Beach ST 5. S.K.S Metal, Lot 534, 44 B, Lebuh Victoria 6. Fo Yi Recycle Center, 22.A, Jalan Munshi Abdullah 7. Recycling Center, 313-Jln Perak, Jelutong Gender Age 1 2 Education Level Income Level 1 2 283
BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX sampling method feasibility study A study on solid waste management included questions related to solid waste management practices in the questionnaire survey. When determining the sample size, it is crucial to ensure that it can represent the entire population to ensure the validity of research conclusions. Thus, practical considerations such as time and resources led to a targeted sample size of 460 for both tourist and local communities, using a random sampling technique where each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected. The study area chosen includes areas with high tourist traffic or communities with specific cultural features. Feasibility study on solid waste management-related questions was conducted using both local and tourist questionnaire sets, along with other questions, to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. This process ensures that the survey instrument accurately measures its intended variables and produces consistent results. The local survey specifically targeted residents in Kampung Baru, Kuala Lumpur, a traditional Malay village with significant historical and cultural heritage. Through this, a feasibility study can help ensure that the survey respects local traditions and is conducted in a culturally sensitive manner. Additionally, Kampung Baru settings often prioritize strong community ties; thus, conducting a feasibility study can assess the community's willingness to participate in the survey. METHODOLOGY SAMPLING METHOD & FEASIBILITY STUDY 284
QUESTIONNAIRE FORMS CLIPBOARDS PERSONAL COMPUTER GOOGLE FORMS DATA ANALYSIS TOOLS START NO FIELDWORK EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX OMIT ITEM FROM QUESTIONNAIRE OMIT ITEM FROM QUESTIONNAIRE OMIT ITEM FROM QUESTIONNAIRE FIELDWORK EXECUTION & ONLINE DATABASE UPDATE INPUT ITEM SCORE FOR EACH COMPONENT ADOPTING QUESTIONNAIRE ITEMS FROM PAST STUDIES ARE ITEMS APPROPRIATE? ADJUST ITEM FOR QUESTIONNAIRE ALMOST YES NO DEVELOPMENT OF QUESTIONNAIRE FORM APPROVED BY EXPERT? ALMOST YES NO APPLICABLE DURING PILOT TESTING? ALMOST YES NO ADOPT ITEM IN QUESTIONNAIRE ADJUST ITEM FOR QUESTIONNAIRE ADOPT ITEM IN QUESTIONNAIRE ADJUST ITEM FOR QUESTIONNAIRE ADOPT ITEM IN QUESTIONNAIRE OPEN ENDED? THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF TEXTUAL RESPONSES OUTPUT OF DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS FOR EACH ITEM REPORT WRITING & PRESENTATION END YES METHODOLOGY 285
ETHICAL CONSIDERATION UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX CONFIDENTIALITY INFORMED CONSENT VOLUNTARYPARTICIPATION NON-DISCRIMINATION HONESTY AND TRANSPARENCY PRIVACY PROTECTION METHODOLOGY The respondents identities are kept confidential and only used for data analysis purpose even the steps to maintain the confidentiality are emphasized to the respondents. The survey had been conducted with respondents’ willingness and no any feeling of pressure or obligation and even they have rights to withdraw from the survey at any time. The respondents are aware of their rights and clearly stated how the data will be used with the full information about the goals, objectives, methods, risks, and advantages of the study. There is no any discrimination in the survey form and it is accessible to a wide spectrum of respondents and it is necessary to gather information while treating each person fairly without excluding any group. Every information in the survey is honest and transparent for the respondents and no any hidden information to preserve the integrity of the study process and foster trust with respondents. The respondents privacy was considered when designing the survey and ensure no any personal questions asked to the respondents by monitoring privacy protection measure throughout the survey process. 286
introduction BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX introduction Investigating the current solid waste management practice among both locals and tourist is crucial to get an insight on how the communities are handling their waste. This assessment serves as a foundation for identifying strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. By gaining insights into the existing practices, we can develop targeted strategies to enhance waste management, promote sustainability, and address environmental concerns in a more impactful way. The research objectives for this solid waste management study are to identify solid waste management practices among locals and tourists in George Town, to assess the solid waste management practices among local and tourist based on gender, age, education and income level and to propose recommendations derived from the analysis findings for enhancing solid waste management practices among local and tourist. Through the Likert Scale questions, participants are able to express their opinions on solid waste management practices ranging from 'strongly agree' to 'strongly disagree.' In this evaluation, mean values and the percentage of mean are calculated to offer a nuanced understanding of participant responses. These measures provide a quantitative insight into the level of agreement or disagreement with each solid waste management practice, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the adoption trends. By employing these statistical techniques, we can distill key patterns, identify areas of consensus or divergence, and inform targeted strategies for improving and promoting sustainable waste management practices within the community. ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS INTRODUCTION 287
MAPPING OF GEORGE TOWN’S RECYCLING CENTRES UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX EXCELLENT RECYCLE CENTER RECYCLING CENTER MAP OF THE RECYCLING CENTER IN GEORGE TOWN George Town area has a recycling center among which are Fo Yi Recycle Center, Recycling Center, Pusat Kitar Semula, OJ Holdings Sdn Bhd, Excellent Recycle Center, LNS Metal and S.K.S Metals ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS OJ HOLDINGS GROUP SDN BHD LNS METAL S.K.S METAL PUSAT KITAR SEMULA FO YI RECYCLE CENTER Map 2.0: Maps of the Recycling Center in George Town 288
MEAN: 3.57/ 5.00 71.4% MEAN: 3.63 / 5.00 72.6% MEAN: 3.88 / 5.00 77.6% MEAN: 4.22 / 5.00 84.4% I separate the food waste from my general waste I practise the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) concept when travelling SWM1 SWM1 MEAN: 3.70/ 5.00 74% MEAN: 3.80 / 5.00 76% MEAN: 3.45/ 5.00 69% MEAN: 3.46 / 5.00 69.2% I separate household waste based on its categories I will bring my environmentally friendly utensils while travelling SWM2 SWM2 I practise the 3Rs(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) at home I prioritise eco-friendly products when travelling SWM3 SWM3 I make an effort in reducing the generation of household waste I chose to eat at a restaurant instead of packing it SWM4 SWM4 BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS DISTRIBUTION OF SWM PRACTICES AMONG LOCAL AND TOURIST 289
INFLUENCE OF GENDER ON SWM PRACTICES UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX I separate the food waste from my general waste I practise the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) concept when travelling SWM1 SWM1 I separate household waste based on its categories I will bring my environmentally friendly utensils while travelling SWM2 SWM2 I practise the 3Rs(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) at home I prioritise eco-friendly products when travelling SWM3 SWM3 I make an effort in reducing the generation of household waste I chose to eat at a restaurant instead of packing it SWM4 SWM4 x̄ : 0.00 x̄ : 0.00 male female x̄ :3.77 x̄ : 3.58 male female ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS x̄ : 3.49 x̄ : 3.48 male female x̄ : 3.66 x̄ : 3.42 male female x̄ : 3.94 x̄ : 3.77 male female x̄ : 3.77 x̄ : 3.84 female male x̄ : 3.46 x̄ : 3.47 female male x̄ : 3.68 x̄ : 3.57 female male x̄ : 4.16 x̄ : 4.29 female male 290
I separate the food waste from my general waste I practise the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) concept when travelling SWM1 SWM1 I separate household waste based on its categories I will bring my environmentally friendly utensils while travelling SWM2 SWM2 I practise the 3Rs(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) at home I prioritise eco-friendly products when travelling SWM3 SWM3 I make an effort in reducing the generation of household waste I chose to eat at a restaurant instead of packing it SWM4 SWM4 x̄ : 3.49 x̄ : 3.43 x̄ : 3.47 youth middle-aged retirement x̄ : 3.71 x̄ : 3.53 x̄ : 3.59 youth middle-aged retirement x̄ : 3.74 x̄ : 3.95 x̄ : 3.72 youth middle-aged retirement x̄ : 4.41 x̄ : 4.23 x̄ : 4.13 retirement middle-aged youth x̄ : 3.82 x̄ : 3.50 x̄ : 3.87 retirement middle-aged youth x̄ : 3.53 x̄ : 3.35 x̄ : 3.71 retirement middle-aged youth x̄ : 3.82 x̄ : 3.73 x̄ : 3.97 retirement middle-aged youth x̄ : 3.77 x̄ : 3.73 x̄ : 3.54 youth middle-aged retirement INFLUENCE OF AGE ON SWM PRACTICES BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 291
INFLUENCE OF EDUCATION ON SWM PRACTICES UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX I separate the food waste from my general waste I practise the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) concept when travelling SWM1 SWM1 I separate household waste based on its categories I will bring my environmentally friendly utensils while travelling SWM2 SWM2 I practise the 3Rs(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) at home I prioritise eco-friendly products when travelling SWM3 SWM3 I make an effort in reducing the generation of household waste I chose to eat at a restaurant instead of packing it SWM4 SWM4 x̄ : 2.63 x̄ : 3.49 x̄ : 3.44 primary secondary tertiary x̄ : 2.75 x̄ : 3.71 x̄ : 3.73 primary secondary tertiary x̄ : 2.38 x̄ : 3.53 x̄ : 3.65 primary secondary tertiary x̄ : 3.00 x̄ : 3.85 x̄ : 3.96 primary secondary tertiary x̄ : 4.29 x̄ : 4.03 x̄ : 0.00 tertiary secondary primary x̄ : 3.73 x̄ : 3.33 x̄ : 0.00 tertiary secondary primary x̄ : 3.62 x̄ : 3.00 x̄ : 0.00 tertiary secondary primary x̄ : 3.92 x̄ : 3.48 x̄ : 0.00 tertiary secondary primary ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 292
INFLUENCE OF INCOME ON SWM PRACTICES I separate the food waste from my general waste I practise the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) concept when travelling SWM1 SWM1 I separate household waste based on its categories I will bring my environmentally friendly utensils while travelling SWM2 SWM2 I practise the 3Rs(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) at home I prioritise eco-friendly products when travelling SWM3 SWM3 I make an effort in reducing the generation of household waste I chose to eat at a restaurant instead of packing it SWM4 SWM4 x̄ : 3.45 x̄ : 3.33 x̄ : 3.54 B40 M40 T20 x̄ : 3.72 x̄ : 3.56 x̄ : 377 B40 M40 T20 x̄ : 3.56 x̄ : 3.48 x̄ : 4.08 B40 M40 T20 x̄ : 3.83 x̄ : 4.15 x̄ : 4.08 B40 M40 T20 x̄ : 4.38 x̄ : 4.29 x̄ : 4.16 T20 M40 B40 x̄ : 3.79 x̄ : 3.68 x̄ : 3.58 T20 M40 B40 x̄ : 3.42 x̄ : 3.53 x̄ : 3.57 T20 M40 B40 x̄ : 4.10 x̄ : 3.74 x̄ : 3.77 T20 M40 B40 BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 293
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION HOLDS SIGNIFICANT IMPORTANCE FOR THE TOURISTS IN GEORGE TOWN ECO-TPLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CONSERVE OF NATURAL RESOURCES. OVER-TOURISM PROFOUNDLY INFLUENLOCAL COMMUNITY. THE EARTH IS RICH IN RESOURCES, IF WE KNOW HOW TO USE THEM WISELY.Both locals and tourists consistently prefer dining in restaurants over packing, as evidenced by their highest mean scores, suggesting a shared inclination toward this waste management strategy. The local community's low mean score (3.45) on waste segregation by categories may result from challenges or shortcomings in implementing segregation initiatives. Tourists exhibit low interest in using environmentally friendly utensils while traveling (3.46), possibly due to limited awareness, convenience issues, or a lack of eco-friendly options. WS M PRACT CI ESAMONG LOCAL & TOURIST UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX GENDER AMONG LOCAL AGE GROUPAMONG LOC A L AG E GROUPAMONG TOURIST G E NDER AMONG TOURIST The overall trend suggests a positive attitude towards environmentally conscious behaviors while traveling for both genders. Female tourists prioritize environmentally friendly products more than males, evident in the higher mean value for females (3.68). Local and tourist preferences align, with both genders favoring restaurant dining during travels, as reflected in high mean scores for males (4.29) and females (4.16). Males, on average, scored higher than females in various practices of solid waste management, with differences ranging from 0.01 to 0.24. Both genders exhibited the highest mean score (3.92 for males and 3.77 for females) in preferring to dine in restaurants rather than packing meals, suggesting that respondents perceive this choice as a more environmentally friendly option, contributing to solid waste reduction. The survey shows that the middle age exhibits higher efforts (3.95) in reducing waste at home but scores lower in waste segregation and 3R practices, suggesting challenges in implementing these practices compared to waste reduction at the household level. Youth excel in waste reduction, food waste separation, and 3R principles, possibly due to increasing environmental awareness. Retirement-age generally score lower than youth and middle-aged individuals in most categories, possibly due to a communication or awareness gap regarding the importance of solid waste management. Younger age group prefers eco-friendly products and utensils when traveling. All age groups consistently scored between 3.73 and 3.92 in favor of practicing the 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) concept while traveling. All age groups express a significantly positive attitude (mean score above 4.00) toward preferring to eat at restaurants rather than packing food, indicating a favorable waste management strategy. CONCLUSION HIGHLIGHTS OF KEY FINDINGS 294
NI C OMEAMONG TOURIST BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX RECOMMENDATIONS INCOMEAMONG LOCAL EDUCATION AMONG LOC A L ED U CATION AMONG TOURIST A higher mean income in the local community, specifically within the T20 income levels, indicates a greater likelihood of residents separating their waste. This suggests that individuals with higher incomes possess more knowledge of solid waste management. T20 income group is likely adopts the 3R approach at home (4.08), benefiting from enhanced access to information and resources promoting environmentally conscious behaviours. Lower mean in the B40 group suggests reduced engagement in waste reduction among individuals with lower incomes (3.83). T20 income consistently outperforms B40 and M40 across all income levels, indicating superior solid waste management practices. Income levels influence tourists' preference for eco-friendly products; higher incomes enable more affordable sustainable choices, while lower incomes prioritize different factors in purchasing decisions. The findings indicated a consistent mean value among tourists based on their income level when opting to dine at restaurants instead of packing it. Individuals with tertiary education tend to have a higher mean and are more likely to engage in waste separation practices, according to the findings The analysis indicates that a lower mean of the local community with primary education practice the 3R approach at home due to lack of awareness or understanding of the approach The higher mean revealed in tertiary education suggests that individuals with higher levels of education are more inclined to actively participate in efforts to reduce household waste generation Tertiary education consistently outperforms primary and secondary education in solid waste management practices across all levels The findings indicates that individuals with higher education, specifically tertiary education, have greater knowledge in waste management strategies and higher awareness of the significance of sustainable practices compared to those with lower educational levels Tourists with secondary education consistently exhibit a steady mean value in waste management practices, according to the analysis Recommendations were derived based on the analysis findings to improve the solid waste management practices among local and tourist Make waste separation and recycling convenient Provide incentives for recycling Collaboration with local business Conduct education and awareness programs CONCLUSION HIGHLIGHTS OF KEY FINDINGS 295
CONTRIBUTION & LIMITATION POTENTIAL FUTURE RESEARCH UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX This study provides valuable insights into the waste management behaviors and preferences of both local residents and tourists. The consistent high mean scores among respondents, irrespective of age, gender, and income levels suggest a widespread positive attitude toward waste management. Notably, the results showcase a correlation between higher education levels and more effective waste management practices, emphasising the role of education in fostering sustainable behaviours The study relies on self-reported data, which may be subject to response bias and social desirability bias, potentially leading to an overestimation of environmentally conscious behaviors. Additionally, the study lacks a detailed exploration and further qualitative research may be needed to uncover underlying issues. Furthermore, the survey's crosssectional nature limits the ability to establish causal relationships Future research should employ more objective measures or observational methods alongside selfreported data to mitigate response bias. It is recommended to incorporate both quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews or focus groups. This would allow for a more comprehensive understanding of the challenges and motivations behind waste management behaviors among both locals and tourists. Additionally, adopting a longitudinal design could provide insights into the changes in waste management practices over time contributionlimitation future research CONCLUSION 296
BEMX EMG4804 UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA NI TEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX 1 sumary sumaryThe analysis revealed clear insights into diverse solid waste management practices adopted by both local residents and tourists. The results demonstrate varying levels of involvement in each assessed solid waste management (SWM) practice among these groups. Notably, both demographics exhibit a moderate interest in each SWM practice, with the exception of a pronounced preference for dining in restaurants over packing meals.This preference indicates heightened of waste reduction. These findings align cohesively with the study's objective, which aims to identify solid waste management practices among both local residents and tourists. Respondent belonging to male gender, youth age group, tertiary education and T20 income level shows a higher level of commitment towards the solid waste management practices as compared to respondents who possess the opposite factors which is female, middle and retirement age group, primary and secondary education, and B40 and M40 income level. These findings are in line with the study's objective, which aims to assess solid waste management practices based on age, income, education, and gender among both local residents and tourists. It is imperative not to overlook any small inconsistencies or slightly lower positive outcomes. This significance arises from the rapid tourism development experienced by George Town, Penang, is experiencing rapid tourism development. As the state continues to grow in popularity as a tourist destination, the importance of effective solid waste management becomes increasingly critical. CONCLUSION SUMMARY OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT STUDY The survey also showcases a varying outcome when considering sociodemography factors in evaluating solid waste management practices among local and tourist. 297
Make waste separation and recycling convenient Design visually appealing waste bins that clearly indicate where different types of waste should be disposed of. Use color-coding and simple icons to make it easy for everyone to understand Ensure that facilities are user-friendly, considering accessibility and ease of use for each individual Incentives for recycling Implement a system of incentives for households and businesses that actively participate in recycling programs. This could include tax breaks, discounts on services, or other rewards Collaboration with local business Collaborate with local businesses to promote the use of ecofriendly utensils and encourage them to stock and promote sustainable options. Make environmentally friendly utensils readily available and easily accessible for tourists. This could include offering biodegradable or reusable utensils at tourist destinations, hotels, and restaurants. Education and Awareness Programs Implement targeted education and awareness programs, such as workshops, seminars, and campaigns focused on solid waste management, to close the information gap across individuals with different sociodemographic backgrounds UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATIONS 298
In conclusion, our diverse methodologies provided a nuanced understanding of George Town's heritage streets. The surveys captured the sentiments of locals and tourists, presenting a comprehensive socio-economic landscape. The transport study highlighted the need for Healthy Street improvements, while the visual impact assessment suggested actionable steps for enhancing the aesthetic quality of tourist areas. The noise and vibration study uncovered environmental challenges, prompting considerations for mitigation. Concurrently, the solid waste management analysis identified areas for improvement, promoting a cleaner and more sustainable heritage environment. This fieldwork report offers a holistic view, laying the groundwork for informed decision-making, sustainable initiatives, and the preservation of George Town's unique cultural and environmental heritage. The insights gained will significantly contribute to ongoing discussions on responsible management and conservation in this historic area. sumary conclusion The fieldwork in George Town's heritage streets encompassed a comprehensive investigation, employing methodologies such as dual-focused questionnaire surveys on socioeconomic and tourism development, healthy streets assessment, visual impact assessment, noise and vibration study, and in-depth solid waste management analysis. The socioeconomic questionnaire delved into local residents' perspectives, while the tourism development survey explored tourists' interactions and their impact on the local community and the environment. The transport study assessed street health, and the visual impact assessment showcased the visual contributions of heritage streets to visitor satisfaction. The noise and vibration study revealed correlations between noise levels, meteorological parameters, and traffic volume in Gurney Drive. Simultaneously, the solid waste management analysis addressed the sustainability and cleanliness of the heritage area. 325 SUMMARY&CONCLUSION UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA BEMX TNI EMG4804 EGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ING F EI LDWORK E M G 4 8 0 4 BEMX FIELDWORK MANAGEMENT
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