vedanta samajik book 6 CTP (2078) Final

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Odfgbf/ eO{ To;sf] kfngf ug'k{ 5{ . j}lbs sfnb]lv g} ;To af]Ng] / /fd|f] sfd
ug]{nfO{ eujfgs\ f] bhf{ lbFb} cfPsf 5f}F . To:tf JolStsf] kh" f ug{] u/]sf ljm+ jbGtLx¿
xfdLn] ;g' ]sf 5f}F . xfdf| ] wdz{ f:qn] klg ;Tosf] ;w}F ljho xG' 5 eGg] dfGotfnfO{ g}
:yflkt u/]sf] 5 .

;Tsd{ (Right action)

;Tsd{ eGgfn] /fdf| ] sfdnfO{ a'emfpF5 . ;Tsdn{ ] xfdLnfO{ k|ultsf] af6ftkm{
nh} fG5 . xfdLn] d]xgt u//] k9\ofF} eg] ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;S5f}F . k|lzIfssf] lgu/fgLdf
vn] v]NofF} eg] Ps ;kmn vn] f8L aGg ;S5f}F . To;}af6 ;;+ f/e/ bz] / cfÇgf] gfd
km} nfpg ;S5fF} . ;Tsdj{ m} sf/0f cg'/fwf sfO] /fnf, ;Gb's ?Ot, dxfjL/ kg'
cflbn] ;Ddfg k|fKt u/s] f xg' \ . To;}n] ul/a, b'MvL / ljkt\df k/s] fnfO{ ;xofu]
ug{'k5{ . c¿sf] ;j] f ug{] afgLsf] ljsf; ug'k{ 5{ .

;+oldt Pjd\ ;Eo cfr/0f (Restrained and civilised behaviour)

cg'zfl;t, dofl{ bt tyf lzi6 Jojxf/ g} ;o+ ldt Pjd\ ;Eo cfr/0f xf] .
xfdLn] jm' g} klg sfd ubf{ ;+oldt eO{ ug{'k5{ . kmfObf a]kmfObf ljrf/ u/L ;+oldt eO{
u/]sf] sfdaf6 xfdLnfO{ w]/} nfe ldN5 . To;} u/L ;Eo cfr/0fn] xfdLnfO{ ;dfhdf
c;n JolStsf ¿kdf kl/lrt u/fpF5 . ld7f] afn] L, lzi6 Jojxf/ / ;Eo cfr/0f
x/]s dflg;sf] c;n u'0fx¿ xg' \ . j'mg} klg sfd ubf{ xfdLn] o:tf u0' fx¿ kb| z{g
ug{k' 5{ . xfdLn] hLjgdf slxNo} gbv] ]sf jf ge6] ]sf dflg;nfO{ klg /fdf| ] ke| fj
kfg{ ;S5f}F . cfÇgf] cfr/0f, af]nL / Jojxf/n] cfÇgf] kl/ro agfpF5f}F . /fd|f]
afn] Ljrg af]Ng] dflg;nfO{ ;an} ] k|z;+ f u5{g\ . To;}n] ;+oldt Pjd\ ;Eo cfr/0f
klg cfTdcgz' f;gsf] Ps dxŒjk0" f{ kIf xf] .

dfly plNnlvt ljleGg kIfafx]s wL/tf, ;xgzLntf, zflGt, b9[ ;ª\sNk cflb
klg cfTdcg'zf;gjm} kIfx¿ x'g\ . x/]s JolStdf log} ljleGg kIfx¿sf] ljsf; /

kf7\oj|md ljsf; j]mGb|, 51 jb] fGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Jofjxfl/s ko| f]un] ;Eo / ;kmn gful/s aGg ;xofu] u5{ . To;}n] xfd|f] JolStut
hLjgdf cfTdcg'zf;gsf ljleGg kIfx¿sf] ljsf; / k|ofu] ug{'k5{ .

lj|mofsnfk

!= ‘;kmn hLjgsf nflu cfTdcg'zf;g’ zLif{sdf Ps jStt[ f tof/ u/L
sIffdf k:| t't ugx{' f;] \ .

@= sIffdf 5nkmn u/L ;To af]Nbf x'g] kmfObf / em' 6f] afN] bf xg' ]
a]kmfObfx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ .

cEof;

!= tnsf jfSox¿ l7s eP l7s -√_ lrGx / al] 7s eP al] 7s -X_
lrGx nufpg'xf];\ M

-s_ cfTdcg'zf;g x/]s JolStsf] c;n klxrfg xf] . ===============

-v_ JolStdf x'g] Odfgbfl/tf / >4fnfO{ g} ;Tolgi7f elgG5 . +===============

-u_ ;Tsdn{ ] xfdLnfO{ ;wF} ku| ltsf] af6ftk{m nDsfp5F . ===============

-3_ ;Tosf] ;wF} ljho x'G5 eGg] 5}g . ===============

-ª_ ld7f] af]nL, lzi6 Jojxf/ / ;Eo cfr/0f c;n dflg;sf] klxrfg xf] .

===============

jb] fGt 52 kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

@= tn ;f]lwPsf kZ| gx¿sf] ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ n]Vgx' f];\ M

-s_ cfTdcg'zf;g egs] f] j]m xf] <
-v_ ;Tolgi7f eGgfn] jm] a'lemG5 <
-u_ tkfOnF{ ] cfkm" eGbf 7'nf, dfGohg tyf Hoi] 7 gful/sx¿kl| t ug'{kg{] j'mg}

Ps Jojxf/ nV] gx' f];\ .
-3_ /fd|f] sfd u/]/ k|l;l4 sdfPsf jm' g} b'O{ hgf JolStsf] gfd n]Vg'xf;] \ .

#= cfTdcgz' f;gsf ljleGg kIfx¿sf] ;r" L tof/ u/L j'mg}
Pssf] JofVof ug'x{ f;] \ .

$= xfd|f] :jf:YonfO{ kmfObf ug{] / xflg k¥' ofpg] vfgj] 'm/fx¿sf]
5'66\ f5'6\6} ;"rL tof/ kfg{'xf;] \ .

%= ;a};Fu 3n' ldn, ;xofu] / ;xsfo{ ubf{ jm] jm] kmfObf x'G5g\ <
n]Vgx' f];\ .

;fd'bflos sfo{

tkfOs{F f] ;d'bfosf % hgf dflg;x¿nfO{ cfTdcg'zf;g / o;sf
ljleGg kIfx¿sf af/d] f ;f]Wgx' f;] \ . cfTdcg'zf;g ;fdflhs
hLjgofkgsf nflu cfjZos 5 jf 5g} < sf/0f;lxt kl| tlj|mof
dfUgx' f;] \ . o; cWoogaf6 kf| Kt hfgsf/L ;d]6L Ps cWoog
kl| tjb] g tof/ kfgx'{ f;] \ .

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; j]mGb|, 53 jb] fGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 ;fdflhs Jojxf/
@=@ (Social Behaviour)

dflg; ;fdflhs k|f0fL xf] .
To;}n] p;nfO{ ;dfhsf] cfjZostf
k5{ . dflg;n] cfÇgf c;Lldt
cfjZostfx¿ kl/kl" t{sf lglDt
;dfhsf] lgdf0{ f u/]sf x'g\ .
;dfh lgdf{0fsf j|mddf ;dfhsf
ljleGg ;+/rgfut ;:+ yfx¿ lgld{t
ePsf 5g\ . kl/jf/, gftf Joj:yf,
;db' fo, ljleGg wfld{s, /fhgLlts, cflys{ ;ª\3;+:yfx¿ tof/ xbF' } uPsf 5g\ .
oL ;+:yfx¿df /xbF f ;fdflhs cGt/ljm| ofx¿dfk{mt ljleGg ;fdflhs ;DaGwx¿
:yflkt x'bF } uP . o;} jm| ddf dflg;x¿larsf] ;fdflhs cGt/lj|mofdfk{mt
ljleGg ;fdflhs Jojxf/x¿ lgdf{0f eP . ;fdflhs ;DaGw :yfkgfsf nflu
dflg;x¿lar ul/g] log} cGt/lj|mofsf ultljlwx¿sf] ;dli6ut :j¿knfO{
g} ;fdflhs Jojxf/ elgG5 . ;fdflhs Jojxf/sf dfWodaf6 g} ;dfhdf
dflg;x¿lar ;DaGw :yfkgf x'G5 . o;af6} ;dfh lgdf0{ f / ljsf;sf sfox{ ¿ cl3
a95\ g\ .

;dfh egs] f] ;fdflhs ;DaGwsf] hfnf] xf] . ;fdflhs Jojxf/ dflg;x¿lar
;fdflhs ;DaGw :yfkgf ug{] dfWod xf] . dflg;x¿larsf] ;fdflhs
Jojxf/n] ;dfhdf ;sf/fTds tyf gsf/fTds bj' } vfnsf] k|efj kf5{ . t;y{
xfdLn] ;fgb} l] v ;dfhdf ;sf/fTds ke| fj kfg]{ ;fdflhs Jojxf/x¿sf] ljsf;
ug'{k5{ . Pscfk;df 3n' ldn, e6] 3f6, ;xofu] / cg'ejsf] ;f6f;f6 cflb
h:tf ;fdflhs Jojxf/n] ;sf/fTds Jojxf/sf] ljsf; u/fpF5 . ;fdl" xs efjgf,

j]bfGt 54 kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; j]mGb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

;fdflhs sfo{df ;n+ Ugtf, ;xsfo{, ;Demft} f cflb klg ;dfhdf ;sf/fTds k|efj
kfg]{ Jojxf/x¿ xg' \ . To;n} ] logLx¿nfO{ c;n ;fdflhs Jojxf/x¿ elgG5 .

;dfhdf ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg]{ ;fdflhs Jojxf/

(Social Behaviour Having Positive Impacts on Society)

3'nldn / d]nldnfk (Adjustment and harmony)

;dfhdf dflg;x¿ e6] 3f6 / 3'nldn xbF' f Ps csf{sf af/]df a'‰g] / lrGg]
dfs} f ldN5 . ljleGg rf8kj,{ ljjfx, jt| aGw h:tf ;fdflhs ;:+ sf/x¿
dgfpFbf klg Ps cfk;df 3n' ldn xg' uO{ dn] ldnfk a9\5 .

cg'ej cfbfgk|bfg (Exchange of experience)

;dfhdf dflg;x¿lar cge' jsf] cfbfgk|bfg x'bF f ljleGg vfnsf JolStut
tyf ;fdl" xs ;d:ofx¿ ;dfwfg ug{ ;xh x'G5 . Ps csf{sf bM' v;'vsf
jm' /fx¿ ;f6f;f6 ubf{ xfdLnfO{ hLjgofkg ug{ ;xh x'G5 .

;fdflhs sfod{ f ;+nUgtf (Involvement in social work)

dflg;x¿sf lar ;fdl" xs efjgfsf] ljsf; x'Fbf ljleGg ;fdl" xs sfdx¿ Ps
cfk;df ldn/] ug{ ;lsG5 . ;dfhdf ;fdflhs ;b\efj / ;xof]usf] ljsf;
xG' 5 . ;fdflhs sfo{df ;n+ Ugtfsf sf/0f ;dfhdf a:g] dflg;x¿lar
cGt/lj|mof x'G5 . ;dfhdf zflGt / ;J' oj:yf :yfkgf eO{ ;dfh ljsf;df
;xh xG' 5 . ;dfhdf dflg;x¿lar ;xsfo{ xb'F f ;fdflhs hLjg tyf
;fdflhs Joj:yfnfO{ hLjGt /fVg ;lhnf] x'G5 .

;Demft} f (Agreement)

;dfhdf /xbF f slxn]sfxLF dflg;x¿lardf a]dn] tyf e}memu8f xg'

;S5 . ;Demf}tfsf dfWodaf6 ;dfhdf pTkGg o:tf vfnsf a]dn] tyf

e}memu8f ;lhn} ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG5 . ;Demft} fj}m sf/0f dflg;x¿ cfcfÇgf

x7x¿ Tofu]/ Ps cfk;df ldN5g\ .

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; j]mGb,| 55 j]bfGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

lj|mofsnfk

!= cfkm" n] e|d0f u/s] f,] b]v]sf] jf ;g' s] f] ljz]if 7fpFsf af/]df ;xkf7L /
lzIfs;Fu cg'ej cfbfgkb| fg ugx'{ f;] \ .

@= ;dfhdf w/] } dflg;;Fu 3n' ldn x'Fbf, ;xofu] tyf ;xsfo{ ubf{
xg' ] kmfObf sIffdf kfnk} fnf] atfpg'xf];\ / pTjm[ i6 aF'bfx¿sf] l6kf6]
ug{'xf];\ .

cEof;

!= vfnL 7fpF egx'{ f];\ M

-s_ dflg; ;fdflhs =============================== xf] .
-v_ bLgb'MvL tyf ul/ax¿nfO{ =============================== ug'{k5{ .
-u_ kl/jf/ Pp6f ;+/rgfut ;fdflhs =============================== xf] .
-3_ ;fdflhs Jojxf/x¿ dflg;x¿larsf] =============================== af6

ljsf; ePsf x'g\ .
-ª_ c;n ;fdflhs Jojxf/x¿n] ;dfhdf =============================== k|efj

kf5{ .

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;ªl\ IfKt pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

-s_ ;fdflhs Jojxf/ eGgfn] j]m a'‰g'xG' 5 <
-v_ tkfOnF{ ] cEof; ug]{ jm' g} @ cf]6f c;n ;fdflhs Jojxf/x¿

n]Vg'xf];\ .

j]bfGt 56 kf7o\ j|md ljsf; jm] Gb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

-u_ ;Demf}tf / ;xsfol{ arsf] jm' g} Ps leGgtf n]Vg'xf;] \ .
-3_ ;Demf}tf egs] f] jm] xf] <
-ª_ ;fdflhs sfo{df ;n+ Ugtfn] xfdLnfO{ j]m kmfObf x'G5 < Ps jfSodf

nV] gx' f];\ .

#= c;n ;fdflhs Jojxf/x¿ pNn]v ub{} j'mg} Pssf] JofVof
ug'x{ f;] \ .

$= ;xsfo{ eg]sf] jm] xf] < xfdLnfO{ o;sf] lsg cfjZostf k5{ <
nV] g'xf];\ .

%= dflg;x¿lar ;xsfo{ xFb' f ;fdflhs hLjg tyf ;fdflhs
Joj:yfnfO{ hLjGt /fVg s;/L ;lsG5 < 5f]6s/Ldf
n]Vg'xf];\ .

Kfl/ofh] gf sfo{

tkfO{nF ] cfÇgf] hLjgdf kfngf ug{] JolStut tyf ;fdflhs Jojxf/x¿
/ k|Tos] sf] kmfObfx¿sf] ;"rL tof/ ug{x' f;] \ . To;nfO{ sIffsf7] fdf
6f:F g'xf;] \ / ;fx] Ladf]lhdsf] Jojxf/ cfÇgf] b}lgs hLjgdf cjnDag
ugx{' f;] \ .

kf7\oj|md ljsf; j]mGb,| 57 j]bfGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 xfdf| rf8kjx{ ¿
@=# (Our Festivals)

g]kfn ljleGg hfthflt, efiffefifL tyf wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf] ;femf km" naf/L
xf] . oxfF ljleGg wdf{jnDaLx¿ Pscfk;df ldn/] a;s] f 5g\ . xfd|f cfcfÇgf hflt,
efiff, wd{ Pjd\ k/Dk/fcg';f/sf ljleGg rf8kjx{ ¿ 5g\ . xfdL cfÇgf] rf8kj{
dgfpF5fF} . c¿sf rf8kjx{ ¿k|lt :fDdfg u5f}F{ . oxL k/Dk/f ;gftgbl] v rlncfPsf]
5.

b;}F

b;}F lxGb' wdfj{ nDaLx¿n] dgfpg] Ps
rf8 xf] . o;nfO{ a8fb;}F / ljhofbzdL
klg elgG5 . of] kj{ k|foM c;fh] jf
sflQ{ s dlxgfdf k5{ .

o; rf8df cfk"meGbf 7n' f / dfGohgaf6

6Lsf yfk/] cfzLjfb{ lnOG5 . b;d}F f

ld7fld7f kl/sf/x¿ agfP/ vfG5g\ . b;F}
cfkmGtx¿ / Oi6ldq;Fu e6] 3f6 xG' 5 .

lkª vN] g,] ljleGg bj] Lb]jtfsf] dlGb/df kh" f ug{ hfg] h:tf sfo{x¿ u5{g\ . of] kj{

cflZjg z'Sn k|ltkbfb]lv k"l0fd{ f;Dd kGw| lbg;Dd dgfOG5 . b;Fs} f] b;f}F lbgnfO{

ljhofbzdL elgG5 . ljhofbzdLsf] cufl8sf] gf} lbg;Dd bj] L bu' fs{ f] cf/fwgf /

kh" f ul/G5 . 36:yfkgf, km" nkftL, dxfci6dL, dxfgjdL, ljhofbzdL / sf]hfut|

kl" 0fd{ f b;s}F f dV' o lbgx¿ xg' \ .

j]bfGt 58 kf7\ojm| d ljsf; j]mGb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

ltxf/

lxGb' wdf{jnDaLx¿n] b;}Fsf ;fy}

ltxf/ klg w'dwfd;Fu dgfp5F g\ .

ltxf/ kfFr lbg;Dd dgfpF5g\ .

of] kfrF lbgsf] ;donfO{ odk~rs

elgG5 . ltxf/sf] klxnf] lbg sfusf]

kh" f ul/G5, h;nfO{ sfu ltxf/

elgG5 . odk~rssf] bf;] |f] lbgnfO{

j'mjm' / ltxf/ elgG5 . t;] f| ] lbg ltxf/

wgwfGosL b]jL nIdLsf] kh" f ul/G5 .

o; lbgnfO{ ufO{ ltxf/ eG5fF} . rfy} f] lbg uf]? ltxf/ k5{ . odk~rssf] clGtd lbg

efO6Lsf xf] . 6Lsfsf] lbg lbbLalxgLn] cfÇgf bfh'efOsf] ;'v / bL3f{o'sf] sfdgf

ub}{ ;Kt/ª\uL 6Lsf nufOlbG5g\ .

ltxf/df ;fyLefOx¿;Fu ldn]/ b]p;L / e}nf] v]n/] /dfOnf] u5g{ \ . ufb] fj/L, dvdnL
tyf ;okqL k'mNg] / oL k"mnx¿n] 3/ ;hfpg] ePsfn] ltxf/nfO{ k"mnk} m" nsf] kj{
elgG5 . To;} u/L ltxf/df bLkfjnL u/L lemlnldnL kfl/g] ePsfn] o;nfO{
aQLsf] rf8 eg]/ klg lrlgG5 .

57 57

57 ;o" s{ f] pkf;gf / cf/fwgf u/L jb] fGt
g]kfnsf] ;x/L tyf t/fO{ If]qdf dgfOg] kj{ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff
xf] . of] kj{ sflQs zS' n kIfsf] ifi7L
ltlysf lbg dgfOG5 . o; lbg laxfg}bl] v
k"hf ;fduL| tof/ ul/G5 . ck/fxg\ df

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; jm] Gb,| 59
;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:ox¿ elSt uLt / ehg ufpbF } glhssf] hnfzo jf gbL
lsgf/df hfG5g\ . jm] /fsf] yDaf / pvs' f] nfFj|mf] df6fdf uf8L lemlnldnL aQL afn/]
l;uF f5g{ \ . j]m/fsf] km] bdf df6fsf] xfQL /fv/] kh" f u5{g\ . o;kl5 d'Vo j|tfns' f
¿kdf /xs] f Ho]i7 dlxnfx¿ kh" f ;fduL| lnP/ hnfzo jf gbLdf k:5g\ .

cfwf z/L/ kfgLdf 8'afpF5g\ . c:tfpg nfus] f] ;"o{tkm{ kmljm{ G5g\ / xft hf8] ]/
9f]U5g\ . o;/L c:tfpbF f] ;"on{ fO{ c3{ lbG5g\ . jt| fn'x¿ ;KtdLsf lbg laxfg k]ml/
gbL lsgf/ jf hnfzodf hfG5g\ . ToxLF /fvs] f] k"hf ;fduL| lnG5g\ . pbfpFbf] ;"o{nfO{
c3{ lbG5g\ . To;kl5 57 dftfsf] syf jfrg x'G5 . o;/L 57sf] k"hf ;dfKt
xG' 5 . k"hf ;lsPkl5 k|;fb aflF 8G5 . 57sf] k;| fbdf pv,' jm] /fp, j]m/f, gl/jn,
ld7fO,{ rgf, 7]j'mjf, s;f/, sfutL / cbj' f /flvG5g\ . logdf cToGt ld7f kl/sf/
7j] 'mjf / e;' 'jf d'Vo k;| fb dflgG5g\ .

57sf] jt| n] zf/Ll/s cf/fU] o / dgf]sfdgf k"/f x'g] wflds{ cf:yf /xs] f] 5 . o; kj{df
3/aflx/ /x]sf ;a} ;b:ox¿ 3/df e]nf xG' 5g\ . t/fO{ dw];df dl} ynL, efh] k/' L,
cjwL / yf¿ efifL g]kfnLx¿sf] 7'nf] ;db' fo /x]sf] 5 . pgLx¿n] klxn]bl] v g} 57
dgfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . clxn] kxfl8of lxGb'x¿ / u/} lxGbx' ¿ klg ;o" { pkf;gfsf] o;
kj{df ;xefuL xg' yfns] f 5g\ .

a'å hoGtL -a'å k"l0fd{ f_

a'4 hoGtL j}zfv z'Sn kl" 0f{dfsf] lbg aå' hoGtL -a'å k"l0f{df_
k5{ . of] lbg af4} wdfj{ nDaLx¿sf
nflu dxŒjk0" f{ lbg dflgG5 . j}zfv kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; jm] Gb,|
k"l0f{dfsf] lbg af4} wd{sf ;+:yfks ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t
eujfg\ uf}td a'4sf] hGd ePsf] lyof] .
jz} fv kl" 0fd{ fj}m lbg pgn] 1fg kf| Kt u/]sf

j]bfGt 60
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

/ dxfkl/lgjf{0f kf| Kt klg u/]sf lyP . To;}n] j}zfv kl" 0fd{ fsf] lbgnfO{ a4' hoGtL
jf a4' kl" 0fd{ f elgG5 . of] lbg af4} wdfj{ nDaLx¿ u'Daf, :t"k, ljxf/ / r}Todf uO{
eujfg\ a'4sf] kh" f cf/fwgf / Wofg u5g{ \ . ld7f ld7f kl/sf/x¿ agfO{ ;d"xdf
a;/] vfG5g\ .

Ob

Ob O:nfdx¿sf] 7n' f] rf8 xf] . o; kj{sf]

;dodf O:nfd wdf{jnDaLx¿n] lxh/L

;j+ t\sf] /dhfg dlxgfe/ pkjf; -j|t_

a:5g\ . pkjf;sf] ;dodf laxfg

;o" f]{bo xg' 'k"j{ / a]n'sf ;"of{:tkl5 dfq

vfgj] m' /f vfg] u5g{ \ . lbgel/ kfgL klg

lkpg' x'bF g} eGg] ljZjf; /x]sfn] lbge/ Ob
kfgL klg glkO{ jt| a:g] u5g{ \ . j|t

al;;j]mkl5 Obsf lbgdf ul/a tyf

b'MvLx¿nfO{ bfg lbg] k|rng 5 . bfg u/] k'0o sdfOg] wfld{s ljZjf; O:nfd

wd{df /x]sf] 5 . o; kj{df jm' /fg kf7 ug{] / Pscfk;df v';L ;f6f;f6 ug]{ ul/G5 .

O:nfd wdf{jnDaLx¿n] Obsf] c9fO{ dlxgfkl5 as/ Ob kj{ klg dgfpF5g\ .

Nxf];f/

Nxf];f/ gk] fndf ljleGg ;d'bfodf dgfOg] Ps dxŒjk0" f{ rf8 xf] . …gk] fndf
tfn] f] Nxf];f/, ;f]gfd Nxf];f/, UofNjf] Nxf];f/ / td' Nxf];f/ u/L rf/ cf]6f Nxf];f/x¿
dgfOG5g\ . tfn] f], ;fg] fd / UofNjf] Nxf;] f/x¿ ltlysf cfwf/df dgfOG5g\ eg] td'
Nxf;] f/ ldltsf cfwf/df dgfOG5 . tf]nf] Nxf];f/ kf}if zS' n k|ltkbfsf lbg dgfOG5 .

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; jm] Gb,| 61 j]bfGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

;fg] fd Nxf;] f/ / UofNjf] Nxf;] f/ jm| dzM

df3 z'Sn kl| tkbf / kmfNu'g zS' n

kl| tkbfsf lbg dgfOG5g\ . To;} u/L

td'Nxf];f/ x/]s k;' !% df

dgfOG5 . td' Nxf;] f/ u?' ª

;d'bfosf dflg;x¿n] Nxf] -ju_{

k]ml/g] lbgsf] ¿kdf dgfp5F g\ . o; lbgdf

k'/fgf] Nxfn] fO{ labfO / gofF Nxfn] fO{ :jfut Nxf;] f/
ug{ ljleGg sfo{jm| dx¿sf] cfof]hgf

ul/G5 . of] rf8 cfkmGtx¿lar ze' sfdgf cfbfgkb| fg ub}{ dgfOG5 . To;} u/L

;fg] fd Nxf];f/ tfdfª ;db' fodf / UofNjf] Nxf;] f/ z]kf{ ;db' fodf w'dwfd;uF

dgfOG5g\ .

lqm;d;

O;fO{ wdfj{ nDaLx¿sf] ;ae} Gbf

7'nf] rf8 ljm| ;d; xf] . of] kj{

l8;D] a/ dlxgfsf] @% tfl/vdf k5{ .

of] kj{ O;fO{ wdfj{ nDaLx¿n] w'dwfd;Fu

dgfpF5g\ . o; lbgnfO{ lh;;

j|mfO:6sf] hGd ePsf] lbgsf] ¿kdf klg

dgfOG5 . o; lbgdf cfkmGt / ;fyLx¿ Nxf];f/
hDdf eP/ ld7fld7f vfg]j'm/fx¿ vfg] /

z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg ug]{ kr| ng 5 . o; lbgdf pkxf/x¿ klg ;f6f;f6 ug]{

ul/G5 .

jb] fGt 62 kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

lj|mofsnfk

!= tkfOs{F f] kl/jf/df dgfOg] ljleGg rf8kj{x¿dWo] tkfOnF{ fO{
dgkg]{ rf8kj{ 5fGg'xf];\ . To; rf8df ul/g] lj|mofsnfkx¿sf] ;"rL
agfpg'xf;] \ . sIffsf ;fyLx¿sf kl/jf/df dgfOg] rf8kjs{ f af/d] f
klg ;d]6L tnsf] tflnsf k"/f ug'x{ f;] \ .

jm| =;+= ;fyLsf] gfd pgsf] kl/jf/df dgfpg] dgfpg] tl/sf Vffg] kl/sf/

dgfOg] rf8kjs{ f] ;do
gfd

!=

@=

#=

$=

cEof;

!= vfnL 7fpF egx'{ f;] \ M

-s_ af}4 wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf] kd| 'v rf8 ================ xf] .

-v_ 57 kj{ dV' o u/]/ g]kfnsf] ============== kb| ]zdf dgfOG5 .

-u_ ltxf/ ================= wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿n] dgfpg] rf8 xf] .

-3_ Ob kjd{ f O:nfd wdf{jnDaLx¿ Ps dlxgf;Dd ============== a:g] rng
5.

-ª_ g]kfndf ==================cf6] f Nxf;] f/x¿ dgfOG5g\ .

kf7\oj|md ljsf; j]mGb|, 63 j]bfGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ nV] g'xf];\ M

-s_ tkfOsF{ f] kl/jf/n] dgfpbF } cfPsf] jm' g} Ps rf8kj{ dgfpg]
tl/sfaf/] pNnv] ug{'xf];\ .

-v_ xfdLn] dgfpg] jm' g} Ps dxŒjk"0f{ rf8sf] dxŒjaf/]df nV] g'xf];\ .

-u_ tkfOFs{ f] kl/jf/df dgfpg] rf8kjx{ ¿sf] ;"rL tof/ kfg{'xf];\ .

-3_ rf8kj{x¿ dgfpg'sf kmfObfx¿ pNn]v ug'{xf;] \ .

-ª_ Nxf];f/ g]kfnsf j'mg jm' g ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿n] dgfp5F g\ < pNnv]
ug{'xf;] \ .

#= kf7df lbOPsf afxs] sDtLdf % cf6] f rf8kj{sf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\
/ j'mg} Pssf] af/]df Ps cg'R5b] n]Vg'xf;] \ .

$= cfˆgf] ;db' fodf a;fa] f; ug]{ dflg;x¿n] dgfpg] rf8kj{x¿sf]
;r" L tof/ ugx'{ f];\ .

%= l5d]sL jf ;fyLn] dfGg] rf8kjd{ f tkfO{F ;xefuL xg' e' Psf]
5 < tkfOF{ c¿n] dfGg] rf8kjk{ |lt s;/L ;Ddfg ugx{' G' 5 <
nV] g'xf;] \ .

;fdb' flos sfo{

tkfOFs{ f] ;db' fodf dgfOg] rf8kj{x¿sf] ;r" L tof/ kfg{'xf];\ .
;db' fosf Ho]i7 gful/sx¿nfO{ e6] L of] kf7 k9g\ ] dlxgfdf kg{] rf8
dgfpg'sf sf/0f, dgfpg] tl/sf / To;sf] jtd{ fg cj:yfsf af/d] f
j'm/fsfgL ugx'{ f;] \ . oL ;a} j'm/fx¿nfO{ ;d]6L Ps cgR' 5b] n]Vgx' f];\ .

jb] fGt 64 kf7\ojm| d ljsf; j]mGb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 xfd|f] klxrfg, xfd|f] uf/} j
@=$ (Our Identity, Our Glory)

g]kfnnfO{ ljZj ;d'bfodf lrgfpg] ljleGg kf| jm[ lts, ;f+:jm[ lts Pjd\ wfld{s
;Dkbfx¿ 5g\ . gk] fnnfO{ uft} d a'4sf] bz] , ;u/dfyfsf] bz] , jL/ ufv] fn{ Lsf] b]z
eg/] ljZjdf lrlgG5 .

oxfFsf k|fj[mlts tyf Pl] txfl;s ;Dkbf, ;fdflhs Pjd\ ;f+:j[mlts ljljwtf,
zflGt / ;lxi0ft' f xfd|f klxrfg / uf}/jx¿ xg' \ . log} ljljwtfdo ;Dkbfn] g]kfnnfO{
;;+ f/df lrgfPsf] 5 . oxfF xfdL log} klxrfg / uf/} jx¿sf af/] ;fdfGo rrf{ u/f}F .

;fdflhs ÷;f:+ jm[lts ljljwtf M(Social and Cultural diversity)

g]kfn axh' ftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wflds{ Pjd\ ax;' f+:j[mlts bz] xf] . oxfF cfcfÇgf wd{,
;:+ jm[ ltcg¿' ksf ;fgf 7n' f w]/} rf8kjx{ ¿ dgfp5F g\ . b;},F ltxf/, 57, uf/} f, df3L,

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; jm] Gb|, 65 j]bfGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Nxf];f/, pFwf}nL, pFef}nL, Ob, lj|m;d; cflb rf8kj{x¿ oxfF dgfpF5g\ . oxfF a;fa] f;
ug]{ dflg;sf jz] ei" ff klg km/s km/s lsl;dsf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] af]Ng] efiffx¿
klg km/s km/s lsl;dsf 5g\ . gk] fnL, dl} ynL, efh] k'/L, cjwL, yf¿, 8f6] n] L,
g]jf/L cflb efiffx¿ oxfF af]lng] d'Vo efiff x'g\ . oxfFsf dflg;x¿n] ljljw
k];f Joj;fo ckgfPsf 5g\ . oxfF vfgkfg, /xg;xg / ;+:sf/ut ljljwtf
kfOG5 . ;dfh / kl/jf/sf] ;/+ rgfdf klg ljljwtf /x]sf] 5 .

kj" s{ f] df?gL, xfskf/], u08sL k|b]zdf gflrg] ;f/] 7L, 3f6', ;n] f,] ;b' /" klZrdsf] bp] 8f,
t/fO{sf] leFmlemof gfr cflb g]kfnsf] klxrfg / uf}/j afj] ]msf] ;fdflhs ;f+:jm[ lts
ljljwtf x'g\ . log} ;fdflhs tyf ;f:+ j[mlts ljljwtfn] klg gk] fnnfO{ ;+;f/df
lrgfPsf 5g\ . To;}n] ;fdflhs ;f+:j[mlts ljljwtf xfd|f] klxrfg / uf/} j x'g\ .

kf| s[lts ;fG} bo{ M(Natural beauty)

g]kfn kf| j[mlts ljljwtfn] el/Psf] ;G' b/ bz] xf] . oxfsF f ljljw kf| j[mlts
;Dkbfn] gk] fnnfO{ ;;+ f/e/ lrgfPsf] 5 . g]kfnnfO{ ;u/dfyfsf] bz] / ljljw
k|fj[mlts ljljwtf ePsf] bz] eg/] lrlgG5 . oxfF hl} js tyf ef}uf]lns ljljwtf

j]bfGt 66 kf7\ojm| d ljsf; jm] Gb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

kfOG5 . oxfF 8fkF m] , nfnLu/' f;F , kxf8, 3f;F ] e"ldx¿, gbL, em/gf / tfn tn}of,
xl/ofnL jg, kmnkm" n, hLjhGt', jg:kltx¿ kfOG5g\ . oL kf| j[mlts ;'Gb/tfn] ;DkGg
xfd|f] b]z /d0fLo 5 . of] xfd|f] klxrfg / uf/} j xf] . log} kf| jm[ lts ;G' b/tfnfO{ x]g{
ljleGg bz] af6 ko6{ sx¿ klg cfpg] u5{g\ .

P]ltxfl;s ;Dkbf M(Historical heritage)

xfdf| ] bz] df w]/} Pl] txfl;s ;Dkbfx¿ 5g\ . oxfF w]/} uD' af, :tk" , u9L,
lznfnv] , d7dlGb/, b/af/ 5g\ . kz'kltgfy, af}4gfy, dl' Stgfy, hgsk/' , n'lDagL
rfFu'gf/fo0f cflb Pl] txfl;s w/fx] /n] gk] fnnfO{ ;;+ f/df lrgfPsf 5g\ . eStk/'
b/af/ If]q, kf6g b/af/ If]q, xg'dfg 9fs] f b/af/ If]q, gj' fsf]6sf] ;fttn] b/af/
cflb Pl] txfl;s b/af/ xg' \ . l;Gw'nL u9L, lhtk'/ u9L xfd|f P]ltxfl;s u9Lx¿
xg' \ . oL Pl] txfl;s ;Dkbfn] gk] fnnfO{ ljZjdf lrgfPsf] 5 .

Pl] txfl;s JolStTj M(Historical personalities)

eLd;g] yfkf, a4' , ;Ltf, e[jm' 6L, cz+ 'jdf,{ c/lgsf], k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx h:tf
JolStTjx¿ xfd|f] b]zdf hlGdPsf x'g\ . eLd;g] yfkf, aneb| j'mF j/, cd/l;+x yfkf
h:tf /fi6«jfbL / jL/ JolStTj xfdf| cfbz{ / zfg x'g\ . ljZj zflGtsf bt" uf}td a'4
gk] fnL klxrfg / uf/} j xg' \ . xfd|f] b]zsf] uf/} j ljleGg kf| rLg Clifd'lgx¿;Fu klg
hf]l8Psf] 5 . logLx¿ ;a} gk] fnL uf/} j / klxrfgsf w/fx] / xg' \ .

zflGt / ;lxi0f' ;:+ sf/ M(Peace and tolerance)

gk] fndf ljljw wdf{jnDaLx¿ a;fa] f; u5g{ \ . pgLx¿sf cfcfÇgf wd{, ;:+ jm[ lt
Pjd\ k/Dk/fx¿ 5g\ tfklg k/fkj" {sfnb]lv g} Ps csf{sf] wd{ ;+:j[mlt Pjd\
k/Dk/fnfO{ ;Ddfg ub}{ ldn/] al;/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ Ps csf{sf] wfld{s tyf

kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; jm] Gb,| 67 j]bfGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

;f:+ j[mlts k/Dk/fx¿df ;xefuL ePsf] klg kfOG5 . ;fy} zflGtsf bt" eujfg\
a'4sf] zflGt ;Gb]zn] g]kfnnfO{ ljZjd} zflGt lko| /fi6«sf] ¿kdf lrgfPsf] 5 .
t;y{ zflGt / ;lxi0ft' f xfdf| uf}/j ug{ nfos kIfx¿ x'g\ .

ljZj ;Dkbf ;r" Ldf /xs] f ;Dkbfx¿ (World Heritage Sites
Min Nepal)

gk] fnsf @ cf6] f kf| jm[ lts / * cf6] f P]ltxfl;s Pjd\ wflds{ u/L !) cf]6f ;Dkbfx¿
ljZj ;Dkbf ;r" Ldf ;"rLj[mt 5g\ . tLdWo] ;u/dfyf /fli6o« lgj'm~h / lrtjg
/fli6«o lgj'm~h k|fjm[ lts ;Dkbf xg' \ . n'lDagL, kz'kltgfy, :joDeg" fy, af}4gfy /
rfFug' f/fo0f ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf ;"rLj[mt ePsf wfld{s ;Dkbfx¿ x'g\ . j;Gtk'/
b/af/ Ifq] , kf6g b/af/ Ifq] , eStk'/ b/af/ Ifq] P]ltxfl;s ;Dkbfx¿ x'g\ . oL
;Dkbfx¿n] ljZjdf xfdf| ] bz] sf] klxrfg / uf/} j a9fPsf 5g\ .

o:tf ljljw kf| j[mlts, ;f+:jm[ lts, Pl] txfl;s Pjd\ wflds{ ;Dkbfn] gk] fnnfO{
;+;f/df lrgfPsf 5g\ . t;y{ oL ljljw ;Dkbfx¿ gk] fnsf] uf}/j ug{ nfos
kIfx¿ x'g\ . To;n} ] xfdLn] oL ;Dkbfx¿sf] ;Ddfg / ;/+ If0f ug{k' 5{ .

ljm| ofsnfk

!= ljleGg ;|f]tx¿af6 g]kfnsf] ljZj ;Dkbfdf ;"rLjm[ t ;Dkbfx¿sf] kmf6] f] jf
lrqx¿ ;ª\sng ug{'xf;] \ . ltgnfO{ rf6{ k]k/df 6f:F gx' f;] \ / sIffdf kb| zg{
ug{x' f];\ .

@= sIffsf7] fdf g]kfnsf] /fli6o« emG8f agfpg] kl| tof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf ug{x' f;] \ /
k|bzg{ L kf6Ldf 6fF:gx' f;] \ .

j]bfGt 68 kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; j]mGb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

cEof;

!= tnsf lrqx¿ klxrfg u/L gfd nV] g'xf];\ .

cfk\mgf] jl/kl/sf To; If]qsf] klxrfg
lbg ;Sg] s'g} Ps ;Dkbfsf] lrq of

kmf6] f] 6f;F L gfd n]Vgx' f];

@= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] clt ;ªl\ IfKt pQ/ n]Vgx' f];\ M

-s_ /fli6o« uf/} j eGgfn] jm] a'‰g'xG' 5 <
-v_ g]kfnsf ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf ;r" Lj[mt kf| jm[ lts ;Dkbfx¿sf] gfd

nV] gx' f];\ .
-u_ gk] fnsf jm' g} b'O{ P]ltxfl;s JolStTjx¿sf] gfd n]Vg'xf;] \ .
-3_ tkfO{nF fO{ dgkg{] jm' g} @ cf6] f k|fj[mlts ;Dkbfx¿sf] gfd nV] g'xf];\ .

#= g]kfnsf] uf/} j a9fpg] ljleGg k|fj[mlts, ;f+:jm[ lts tyf
Pl] txfl;s ;Dkbfx¿sf] ;"rL tof/ kfg{'xf];\ .

kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb|, 69 j]bfGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

$= ;u/dfyf, nfnLu'/fF;, 8fkF m] dWo] jm' g} Pssf] lrq agfpgx' f];\ /
To;sf af/]df Ps cg'R5]b nV] gx' f;] \ .

%= gk] fnsf Pl] txfl;s JolStTjx¿sf] of]ubfgaf/] k|:6 kfb}{
ljb]zdf a:g] ;fyLnfO{ lr7L n]Vgx' f];\ .

^= ljleGg ;|f]tx¿af6 /fhf hgs jf uf}td a'4sf af/]df cWoog
u/L ltgsf af/d] f nV] g'xf];\ / To;df kmf]6f] klg 6fF:g'xf];\ .

;fdb' flos sfo{

tkfOF{sf] Ifq] df cjl:yt j'mg} Ps P]ltxfl;s jf ;f+:j[mlts
;Dkbfsf] :ynut e|d0f ug{'xf];\ . pSt ;Dkbfsf] kl/ro, dxŒj, jtd{ fg
cj:yf k:| 6 xg' ] u/L ‘xfdf| ] ;Dkbf M xfd|f] uf/} j’ zLifs{ df Ps k|ltj]bg
nV] gx' f;] \ .

jb] fGt 70 kf7o\ j|md ljsf; j]mGb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 xfd|f wfld{s tyf
;f+:j[mlts ;Dkbf
@=%
(Our Religious and Cultural Heritages)

gk] fn wflds{ tyf ;f:+ j[mlts ¿kn] Ps ljljwtfo'St d'ns' xf] . oxfF uD' af, :t"k,
d7dlGb/, dl:hb, luhf3{ / cflb yk' }| wfld{s cf:yfsf jm] Gb|x¿ /x]sf 5g\ . ljleGg
ks| f/sf ;:+ sf/ / k/Dk/fut ky| fx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . o:tf wflds{ :yfg, To;;Fu
;DalGwt ultljlw / k|rlnt k|yfx¿ xfd|f wfld{s / ;f:+ j[mlts ;Dkbf xg' \ .
gk] fnsf jm] xL wfld{s tyf ;f:+ jm[ lts ;Dkbfx¿sf] ljj/0f o; ks| f/ 5 M

;Dkbf lhNnf ;Dkbf lhNnf
dfO“:{ yfg Onfd ljGWojfl;gL, sf:sL
tfnaf/fxL
;tf;L wfd emfkf ltnf/} fsf6] slknj:t'
/fdhfgsL dlGb/ wg'iff Ko7" fg
hnZ] j/ dxfb]j dxfQ] /L :ju{åf/L h'Dnf
rGbggfy,
Uff;] fOsF 0' 8 /;'jf e/} jgfy x'Dnf
knfGrf]s sfek]| nfGrfs] xfNhL af4} u'Daf s~rgk/'
eujtL, gdf]a'4 l;l4afaf,
cfndbj] L, ux|f}F :ofªh\ f Hjfnfb]jL 88]nw/' f
sflnsf put| f/fb]jL
hfd] dl:hb sf7df8f+F} sf7df8f+F}
1fgZ] j/ rr{

kf7\ojm| d ljsf; j]mGb|, 71 jb] fGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLst[ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

:joDe", af4} gfy sf7df8f}F :j=vKt8 aemfª
:tk" :jfdLsf] cf>d

dxŒj (Importance)

xfdf| wd{ ;+:j[mlt;Fu ;DalGwt d7dlGb/, u'Daf, rr{, dl:hb cflb wfld{s
:yfg / To;;Fu ;DalGwt ultljlw wfld{s Pjd\ ;f+:j[mlts ;Dkbf x'g\ .
xfdLn] dgfpg] rf8kj,{ xfd|f kf;] fs, dn] fkj{;Fu ;DalGwt ky| f jf k|rng,
/Lltl/jfh, k/Dk/f cflb ;f+:j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿ x'g\ . log} wfld{s tyf ;f:+ j[mlts
;Dkbfx¿n] kf| rLg sfnbl] v xfn;Ddsf] xfd|f] ;fdflhs kl/j]znfO{ kl/lrt
u/fp5F g\ . ltgn] xfdf| snf / ;+:jm[ ltsf] ljsf; / ;/+ If0f u5g{ \ . b]zdf ko{6sx¿nfO{
cfsif0{ f u/]/ ko{6g Joj;fosf] kj| wg{ df ;xofu] k'¥ofp5F g\ . xfd|f] b]zsf] uf/} j
a9fpbF } ljZjdf bz] nfO{ lrgfpg] sfd klg log} wfld{s tyf ;f+:j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿n]
u5{g\ . To;}n] oL wflds{ tyf ;f:+ j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿ dxŒjk0" f{ 5g\ . xfdL ;a} ldnL
logLx¿sf] ;/+ If0f ug{' cfjZos 5 .

wfld{s tyf ;f:+ jml[ ts ;Dkbfx¿sf] ;+/If0fsf pkfox¿

(Measures to Conserve Religious and Cultural Heritages )

wflds{ tyf ;f+:j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿ xfdf| /fli6o« ;Dkbfx¿ xg' \ . To;}n] logLx¿sf]
;/+ If0f ugk'{ 5{ . To;sf nflu lgDg ;/+ If0fsf pkfox¿ ckgfpg ;lsG5 M

• :yfgLojf;Lsf nflu wfld{s tyf ;f:+ j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿sf] dxŒjafw]
u/fpg] vfnsf sfoj{ |mdx¿ ;~rfng ug{],

• wfld{s tyf ;f:+ j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿sf] k/Dk/fut z}nL glaug| ] u/L dd{t ;Def/
ug],{

jb] fGt 72 kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; jm] Gb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

• wflds{ ;Dkbfx¿sf] jl/kl/ kmf]xf]/ gug{] / c¿nfO{ klg kmf]xf/] ug{ glbg],
• xfd|f jl/kl/sf wfld{s ;Dkbfx¿sf] kr| f/ k|;f/ ug]{,
• wflds{ tyf ;f+:j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿sf] ;+/If0fdf :yfgLo ;/sf/;uF ;xsfo{

ug,]{
• wflds{ tyf ;f+:j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿sf af/]df cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg ug{] .

:juå{ f/L PsM dlxdf cg]s

:ju{åf/L Ko7" fg lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd vnªu\ faf6 sl/a @^ lsnf]ld6/
klZrddf cjl:yt wfld{s Pjd\ ko{6sLo :yn xf] . of] dlGb/ gk] fnsf kf| rLg
dlGb/x¿dWo] Ps dxŒjk0" f{ dlGb/ dflgG5 . kf/} fl0fs sfndf kf08jx¿ oxL af6f]
eP/ :ju{ uPsf] xg' fn] o;sf] gfd :juå{ f/L /xs] f] xf] eGg] hgljZjf; 5 . oxfF
k/fkj" { sfndf Clifx¿ / eujfg\ aé| fn] tk:of u/]sf] eGg] hg>l' t rlncfPsf] 5 .
:ju{åf/L cf>d, :ju{sf] åf/ -u'KtL;fu/_, ufz} fnf, kfrF jm' 08, j]b kf7zfnf oxfsF f
dxŒjk"0f{ :yfgx¿ xg' \ .

kf7\oj|md ljsf; j]mGb|, 73 j]bfGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

:juå{ f/L cf>d

:juå{ f/L cf>d Ps dxŒjk0" f{ :yfg xf] . of] :juå{ f/L tkf]e"ld ;db' | ;txb]lv
&))) lkm6sf] prfOdf k5{ . @^)) /fk] gL Ifq] kmndf of] cf>d cjl:yt /x]sf] 5 .
/f]Nkfsf] ?D6LnfO{ ;To ou' df bj] tfx¿n] ofqf u/s] f] tkfe] "ldsf ¿kdf dflgG5 .
ToxLF ufpdF f lj= ;=+ !(!^ df hGds] f !)* dxfk|e' afntk:jL >L gf/fo0f uft} d
lj=;+= !(%! df :juå{ f/Ldf cfP . pgn] jb] sf dGqåf/f clUg kH| jng u/L lj= ;+=
!(%@ j}zfv kl" 0fd{ fb]lv cv08 dxfo1 ;'? u/s] f lyP . h'g ljZj zflGtsf nflu
;~rflnt cv08 o1 xfn;Dd lg/Gt/ ¿kdf clUg aln/xs] f] 5 .

:ju{sf] åf/ -uK' tL;fu/_

:ju{åf/Lsf] pRr 6fj'm/fdf Pp6f u'kmf /x]sf] 5 . pSt uk' mfaf6 ke| ' :gfgsf lglDt
@#)) ld6/ tn n'u|L+ df8Lsf] bfe] fgdf em/L ;f]xL åf/dfk{mt g} lkmtf{ x'Gy] eGg] rng
5 . xfn pSt u'kmfsf] åf/nfO{ :ju{sf] åf/ -:ju{ hfg] af6f_] / u'KtL;fu/ eGg] rng
5.

kfrF j'm08

cf>dleq u0fz] k~rfª\u, lzj k~rfªu\ , bj] Lk~rfª\u, ;"ok{ ~rfªu\ /
lji0f'k~rfª\u u/L % j'm08x¿ /x]sf 5g\ . oL jm' 08df j}lbs ljlwk"j{s
b}lgs # k6s kh" f ul/G5 .

j]b kf7zfnf

:ju{åf/L cf>dsf] cfDbfgLaf6 cf>dleq g} j]b kf7zfnfsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf]
5 . jb] u'?åf/f cWofkg u/fOg] pSt kf7zfnfdf xfn j]mxL ljBfyLx{ ¿ cWoog/t
5g\ . ToxfFaf6 pTkfbg ePsf hgzlStx¿ cf>dj}m nflu tof/ ul/G5 . ToxfF j]b,

jb] fGt 74 kf7\ojm| d ljsf; jm] Gb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

?b|L, r08L, clUg / cd/sfz] sf] cWofkg u/fOG5 .

a4' hoGtL / peF f}nL kjs{ f cj;/df :juå{ f/Ldf x/]s jif{ d]nf nfU5 . o;afx]s
klg h]7, ebf,} sflQs / df3] ;ªj\ m| flGtdf dn] f nfUg] u5{ . oxfFsf clUgv08, u'kmf,
dxfbj] :ju{ uPsf] af6f], kflnPsf] ufO{, dxfke| s' f] bz{g ugf{n] k'0o / dgfs] fdgf
k"/f xg' ] ljZjf; 5 .

;f| ]tM ljsLlkl8of

lj|mofsnfk

!= sIffdf 5nkmn u/L tkfOs{F f] Ifq] df ePsf wfld{s tyf ;f:+ j[mlts
;Dkbfx¿sf] ;r" L tof/ u/L ltgLx¿ ;+/If0fsf pkfox¿ abF' fdf l6Kg'xf];\ .

@= tkfO{Fsf] Ifq] df cjl:yt jm' g} Ps wflds{ ;Dkbfsf af/]df ljleGg ;f| ]taf6
vfh] L sIffdf ;'gfpg'xf;] \ .

cEof;

!= tnsf jfSox¿ ;RofP/ sfkLdf ;fg{'xf];\ M

-s_ gk] fndf ljleGg hfthfltsf dflg;x¿lardf /fd|f] ;DaGw 5g} .

-v_ uf];fOFjm' 08 dxf]Q/L lhNnfdf k5{ .

-u_ ;f+:jm[ lts ;Dkbfn] dfq gk] fnn] ljZj ;db' fodf uf}/jk"0f{ klxrfg
agfpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 .

-3_ ljljw ;Dkbfx¿sf] ;/+ If0f, ;j+ 4{g / k|j4g{ ug]{ sfd ;/sf/sf] dfq}
xf] .

-ª_ lj= ;+= !(%# sf] j}zfv kl" 0fd{ fbl] v :ju{åf/Ldf cv08 dxfo1 ;'?
ePsf] xf] .

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; jm] Gb|, 75 j]bfGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;ªl\ IfKt pQ/ n]Vgx' f];\ M

-s_ wflds{ ;Dkbf egs] f] jm] xf] <
-v_ wflds{ ;Dkbf tyf ;f+:j[mlts ;Dkbflarsf] leGgtf pNn]v ug'{xf];\ .
-u_ tkfOnF{ fO{ dgkg]{ cfÇgf] If]qsf] jm' g} Ps wflds{ jf ;f+:jm[ lts

;Dkbfsf] gfd n]vL dgkg{'sf sf/0f Ps jfSodf nV] g'xf];\ .
-3_ tkfO{Fsf] lhNnfsf] /fli6o« ¿kd} kl/lrt Ps wflds{ ;Dkbfsf] gfd

nV] gx' f];\ .

# tkfOn{F fO{ yfxf ePsf] g]kfnsf jm] xL wflds{ ;Dkbfx¿sf] ;r" L
tof/ kfg{'xf];\ .

$= :juå{ f/Lsf] dlxdfsf af/d] f cfˆg} zAbdf rrf{ ug'{xf];\ .

%= wfld{s tyf ;f:+ j[mlts ;Dkbfx¿sf] ;/+ If0fsf j'mg} 5 cf6] f
pkfox¿ pNnv] ug{'xf;] \ .

j]bfGt 76 kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 afnSna / :sfp6
@=^ (Child Club and Scout)

ljBfnodf cWoog/t afnaflnsfsf] rf}tkmL{ ljsf;sf nflu ljleGg lj|mofsnfkdf
;n+ Ug u/fOG5 . o;sf nflu h'lgo/ /]8jm| ;, afnSna, :sfp6 ;+:yfx¿sf] :yfkgf
u/L afnaflnsfnfO{ ;dfhkl| t lhDdj] f/ agfpg] k|of; ul/G5 . o; kf7df xfdL
afnSna / :sfp6sf af/d] f ;fdfGo hfgsf/L lnG5f}F .

afnSna (Child Club)

cfhsf afnaflnsf efl] nsf

b]zsf s0fw{ f/ xg' \ . pgLx¿sf] rft} kmL{

ljsf;sf nflu ljleGg ljm| ofsnfkdf

;+nUg u/fpg'kg{] cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .

afn clwsf/sf rf/ cf6] f kIfx¿ afFRg

kfpg], ljsf; ug{], ;+/If0f kfpg] / ;xefuL

x'g] x'g\ . oLdWo] afnaflnsfsf] ljsf;

/ ;xeflutfsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt afnSna

ug{ ljBfnon] klg dxŒjk"0f{ el" dsf

v]N5 . To;sf nflu ljBfnodf afnaflnsfj}m g]t[Tjdf ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfsf]

ljlwjt\ :yfkgf u/L afnaflnsfnfO{ ;xefuL u/fOG5 . h;dWo] afnSna Ps

dxŒjk0" f{ ;+:yf xf] .

afnaflnsfx¿sf] lxtsf nflu afnaflnsfjm} ;ljm| otfdf :yflkt
afnaflnsfsf] ;:+ yfnfO{ afnSna elgG5 . ljBfno / ;d'bfodf
afnaflnsfsf] ;xeflutfdf o:tf Snax¿ u7g ul/Psf] xG' 5 . ;femf p2]Zosf

kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb|, 77 jb] fGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLst[ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

nflu sDtLdf @% hgf afnaflnsfx¿ ;ª\ul7t eO{ afnSna vfN] g kfpg] sfg'gL
Joj:yf 5 . o:tf afnSnax¿n] ljBfnodf / ;d'bfodf afnaflnsfsf]
xslxtsf lglDt sfd u5{ . afnSnanfO{ :yfg, cfjZostf, u7g kl| j|mofsf cfwf/
df ljefhg ul/Psf] xG' 5 . ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t, ljBfnodf cfwfl/t, ljifout /
ljzi] f Sna / afn ;d"x ;~hfn u/L ljleGg ;d"xdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . ljBfnodf
ljBfno k|zf;gsf] ;xofu] df / ;db' fodf :yfgLo txsf] ;xofu] df afnSnax¿ u7g
ul/Psf] x'G5 . xfn gk] fndf sl/a @@)) eGbf a9L afnSnax¿ :yfkgf ePsf]
5 . of] ;ª\Vof lbgxF' a9\bf] 5 .

afnSnax¿df ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf] cjwf/0ffcg;' f/ ljleGg hfthflt, lnª\u /
pd]/ ;d"xsf afnaflnsfx¿ ;xefuL xG' 5g\ . Pp6f afnSnasf] sfo{ ;ldltdf
sDtLdf ( hgf ;b:ox¿ /xG5g\ . sfo{ ;ldltsf] rog sDtLdf #) hgfeGbf a9L
;ªV\ ofdf pkl:yt afnaflnsfx¿sf] en] fn] u5{ . pSt ;ldltn] cfÇgf] sfo{sfndf
;ljm| o eP/ afnaflnsfsf] lxtdf ljleGg sfo{j|mdx¿ cfofh] gf u5g{ \ .
ljleGg vfnsf a}7sx¿df afnaflnsfsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{} cfÇgf] wf/0ff
/fVg] u5g{ \ . x/s] ljBfno / ;d'bfodf o:tf ;:+ yf vfn] L afnaflnsfsf] rf}tkmL{
ljsf;df ;xofu] k'¥ofpg cfjZos 5 .

:sfp6 (Scout) :sfp6

Dffgj lxtdf v6\g] :jod\;j] L ;+:yfx¿dWo] kf7o\ j|md ljsf; j]mGb|,
:sfp6 Ps xf] . an] fotL gful/s ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t
j8] ]g kfj]nn] a]nfotdf ;g\ !()& hn' fO{
@( df klxnf] :sfp6 u7g u/L ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf
u/]sf lyP . pgn] a/] fh] uf/ oj' f hdftnfO{
lalug| af6 arfO{ ;dfh;]jfdf ;+nUg

jb] fGt 78
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

u/fpg :sfp6 u7g u/]sf xg' \ . o'jfx¿df cg'zf;g, snf, l;k
/ bIftf sfod u/fpg :sfp6n] ljleGg ultljlwx¿ ;~rfng
ub{} cfPsf] 5 . k|sfk] jf ljklQdf p4f/ ug,{] le8 Joj:yfkg cflbdf klg
dxŒjk0" f{ el" dsf v]Nb} cfPsf] kfOG5 . j[If/fk] 0f tyf ;/;kmfO, vfgk] fgL
ofh] gf h:tf jftfj/0fLo ultljlwx¿ ;~rfng ug'{ :sfp6sf kd| 'v ultljlwx¿
xg' \ .

g]kfndf lj= ;+=@))( ;fn c;f/ % ut] :sfp6sf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . gk] fn
:sfp6sf]j]mGb|Losfof{nosf7df8fs}F f]ng} rf/} df/x]sf]5.gk] fnsf;a}lhNnfx¿df
o;sf zfvfx¿ /xs] f 5g\ eg] w/] } ljBfnox¿df :sfp6sf] :yfkgf ePsf]
5 . :sfp6cGtut{ sf ljleGg jux{ ¿dWo] uN; -j]m6L_ / AjfOh -jm] 6f_ :sfp6x¿
dV' o x'g\ . oL :sfp6x¿df !! jif{b]lv !% jif{sf afnaflnsfx¿ ;xefuL xg'
kfpg] Joj:yf 5 . jm] 6f :sfp6n] xNsf v/fgL /ªsf] sldh / uf9f v/fgL /ªsf]
kfOG6 nufpF5g\ . jm] 6Lx¿n] xl/of] km| s jf ;f8L nufpF5g\ . b'jn} ] 3f6F Ldf a]UnfaU] n}
vfnsf ?dfn afWF g] u5g{ \ . :sfp6sf ;b:ox¿n] /fi6« / hgtfkl| t cfÇgf] stJ{ o
;DemL ;wF} dbt ug{] ;ky u|x0f u5{g\ . ;fy} :sfp6 lgodsf] kfngf ug]{ jm' /f klg
;kysf] ¿kdf ux| 0f u/]sf xG' 5g\ .

;DalGwt :sfp6sf] sfofn{ oaf6 cgd' lt lnO{ ljBfno jf ;d'bfodf jm] 6L :sfp6
/ jm] 6f :sfp6sf] :yfkgf ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu j]mxL ;t{x¿ klg 5g\ . b'j}
:sfp6df sDtLdf !@ hgf ;b:ox¿ x'gk' 5{ . kT| o]s ;dx" df #@ hgf ;b:ox¿dWo]
^ b]lv * hgf ;b:ox¿sf] ;dx" nfO{ Aof6«fn] elgG5 . jm] 6f :sfp6sf] Aof6f« n] nfO{
hgfj/sf] gfd / j]m6L :sfp6sf] Aof6«fn] nfO{ r/fsf] gfd lbOPsf] x'G5 .

kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; j]mGb,| 79 jb] fGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

ljm| ofsnfk

!= ljBfnodf Ps afnSnasf] u7gsf nflu o;sf] cfjZostf :ki6 kfb}{
kf| rfo{nfO{ Pp6f kq n]Vgx' f;] \ . sIffdf pSt kqsf] Joxf/] f k9/] ;g' fpgx' f];\ .

@= sIffdf ;fyLx¿;uF 5nkmn u/L tkfO{Fsf] ljBfnodf /x]sf ljleGg
Snax¿sf /fdf| ultljlwx¿ abF' fut ¿kdf l6kf]6 ug{'xf];\ .

cEof;

!= vfnL 7fpF eg'{xf;] \ M

-s_ afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ ljleGg ljm| ofsnfkx¿df =============== u/fpg'k5{ .

-v_ afnSna vf]Ngsf nflu sDtLdf ============= afnaflnsfx¿ ;ªu\ l7t
xg' k' g]{ sfgg' L Joj:yf 5 .

-u_ afnSnasf] sfo{ ;ldltdf =========================hgf ;b:ox¿ /xG5g\ .

-3_ :sfp6sf ;+:yfks ===========================x'g\ .

-ª_ :sfp6sf] Aof6«f]ndf ========================hgf ;b:o xG' 5g\ .

@= tnsf kZ| gx¿sf] ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ n]Vg'xf;] \ M

-s_ afnSna eg]sf] jm] xf] <
-v_ tkfOF{ j'mg} afnSnadf cfa4 x'g'x'G5 < gfd n]Vgx' f;] \ .

jb] fGt 80 kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

-u_ gk] fn :sfp6sf] :yfkgf slxn] ePsf] xf] < k"/f ldlt lj=;=+ df
nV] g'xf];\ .

-3_ uN; -jm] 6L_ / AjfOh -j]m6f_ :sfp6x¿sf] kf];fs pNnv] ug'{xf;] \ .

#= æcfhsf afnaflnsf efl] nsf b]zsf s0fw{ f/ x'g\ .Æ o; egfOnfO{
pbfx/0f;lxt k'li6 ugx'{ f;] \ .

$= afnSnasf] u7g k|ljm| ofaf/] 5f6] f] rrf{ ug'{xf];\ .

%= ;db' fodf :sfp6n] s:tf] el" dsf lgjf{x u/s] f] x'G5 < k:| 6
kfg'{xf;] \ .

^= uN; -j]m6L_ / AjfOh -j]m6f_ :sfp6x¿sf] 5f]6f] kl/ro
lbgx' f];\ .

&= :sfp6sf] nfu] fs] f] lrq sf]/L pSt nf]ufs] f] JofVof ug'{xf];\ .

 

kf7\ojm| d ljsf; j]mGb|, 81 jb] fGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 xfdf| /fli6o« JolStTjx¿
@=& (Our National Personalities)

hokY[ jLaxfb'/ l;+x (Jaya Prithvi Bahadur Singh)

ljZjnfO{ Pp6} ;dfh agfpg] ;kgf b]Vg] hok[YjLaxfb/' l;x+ dfgjtfjfbL
JolStTj xg' \ . pgsf] hGd lj=;+= !(#$ efb| & ut] g]kfnsf] ;'b"/klZrd aemfª
lhNnfsf] rg} k/' df ePsf] lyof] . pgsf aa' fsf] gfd ljjm| daxfb'/ l;x+ / cfdfsf] gfd
?b|jm' df/L l;x+ xf] . pgsf] k9fO sf7df8f}Fsf] b/af/ xfO:jm' ndf eof] . kl5 lj=;+=
!(%@ ;fndf snsQfaf6 Dofl6j« m' n;] g kf; u/] . lj=;+= !(%$ df pgn] cfO={ P=
txsf] cWoog k/" f u/s] f lyP .

pgn] efiff, ;flxTo, kqsfl/tf, lzIff, :jf:Yo / ;dfh ;w' f/ cflb ljleGg If]qdf
ofu] bfg k'¥ofPsf lyP . tTsfnLg gk] fndf lzIff / r]tgfsf] Hofb} sdL lyof] .
bz] df /f0ff zf;g lyof] . ;j;{ fwf/0f hgtfsf 5f/] f5f]/Lx¿sf nflu ljBfno g}
vfl] nPsf lyPgg\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf hgtfsf 5f]/f5f/] Lx¿ k9g\ ] ljBfno vfN] gk' 5{
eg]/ pgn] w/] } ;ª3\ if{ u/]sf lyP .

pgn] sf7df8fs}F f] gS;fndf hokY[ jLaxfb'/ l;+x
;TojfbL kf7zfnf :yfkgf u/] . pSt
kf7zfnf kl5 cfÇg} lhNnf aemfªdf
;f/] . pSt ljBfnodf blnt ;d'bfosf
afnaflnsfnfO{ ;d]t k9\g] Joj:yf
ldnfOPsf] lyof] . efiff kf7zfnfx¿sf
nflu k':tsx¿ nV] g] / k|sfzg
ug]{ sfd u/] . afnafw] , cIf/fª\s

j]bfGt 82 kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

lzIff, 1fgdfnf, eu" fn] lzIff, k|fj[mlts Jofs/0f, lzIff bk0{ f, ;|]:tfafw] cflb
k:' tsx¿ k|sflzt u/] . aemfªdf cfi} fwfnosf] :yfkgf u/s] f lyP . pgL lj=;+=
!(%* b]lv sl/a !% jif{ uf/] vfkqsf] ;Dkfbs ag] . pgn] :jb]z tyf ljbz] df
lzIff / dfgjtfsf] Ifq] df 7n' f] ofu] bfg k¥' ofPsf lyP .

o:tf ljleGg Ifq] df ofu] bfg lbg] dxfg\ JolStsf] lj=;=+ !((& cflZjg ! ut]
ef/tsf] aª} n\ f/] df lgwg eof] .

vuG] ba| xfb'/ a:g]t (Khagendra Bahadur Basnet)

vuG] b|axfb/' a:gt] sf] HfGd lj=;+= !(*% df3 % ut] sf7df8fFd} f ePsf] lyof] . pgsf
a'afsf] gfd OGb|axfb/' a:gt] / cfdfsf]
gfd jb] /fhjm' df/L a:g]t xf] . pgn] lj=;=+
@))@ ;fndf Dofl6s« k/LIff kf; u/s] f
lyP . pgn] lqrGb| snh] af6 k|jL0ftf
kd| f0fkq tx / ef/tsf] Onfxfjfbaf6
:gfts tx pQL0f{ u/s] f lyP .

lj=;=+ @))* ;fndf pgsf] bj' } v6' 6\ f vuG] ba| xfb'/ a:gt]
grNg] eof] . o:tf] zf/Ll/s cj:yfdf
klg pgL cfÇgf] kfl/jfl/s cfjZostf
k/" f ug{ lzIf0f k];fdf cfa4
/x] . pgnfO{ cfkm" h:t} zf/Ll/s ¿kdf
ckfªu\ tf ePsf JolStx¿sf lglDt
j]mxL ugk{' 5{ eGg] efjgfsf] ljsf; eof] .
pgn] lj=;+= @)@% ;fndf g]kfn ckfªu\
;ª3\ sf] :yfkgf u/] . o;nfO{ vuG] b|

kf7\oj|md ljsf; j]mGb,| 83 jb] fGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

gjhLjg u[x klg elgG5 . pgn] pSt ;+:yfsf] cWoIf eP/ sfd u/] . lj=;+= @)@^
df j[mi0f zdz/] / tf/fnIdL /f0ffsf] cfly{s ;xofu] df zf/Ll/s ¿kdf ckfª\utf
ePsf k?' ifx¿nfO{ 5fqfjf;sf] :yfkgf u/] . kl5 lj=;+= @)#! ;fndf zf/Ll/s
¿kdf ckfª\utf ePsf dlxnfx¿sf lglDt klg 5fqfjf;sf] :yfkgf eof] . pSt
;:+ yfn] xfn;Dd w/] } ckfª\utf ePsf JolStx¿nfO{ cfTdlge{/ aGg ;xof]u
k'¥ofPsf] 5 .

c¿sf] ;xofu] sf lglDt sfd ubfu{ b}{ lj=;+= @)#$ k;' ! ut] pgsf] lgwg eof] .
vuG] b|axfb'/ a:gt] d//] uP klg pgsf] ctn' gLo ofu] bfgsf sf/0f pgL ;bf cd/
/xg] 5g\ .

lj|mofsnfk

!= xfdLn] ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIffcGtu{t /fli6o«
JolStTjsf] hLjgL lsg cWoog ugk{' /s] f] xf]nf < sIffdf 5nkmn u/L a'bF f
l6kf6] ugx{' f;] \ .

@= kf7df lbOPsf JolStTjafxs] g]kfnsf j'mg} @ cf6] f JolStTjsf af/d] f
ljleGg ;|f]taf6 cWoog ugx{' f;] \ . pgLx¿sf] ofu] bfgsf] ;"rL agfO{ sIffdf
;'gfpgx' f;] \ .

cEof;

!= tnsf jfSox¿ l7s eP l7s -√_ lrGx / al] 7s eP a]l7s -×_
lrGx nufpg'xf];\ M

-s_ hokY[ jLaxfb'/ l;x+ sf] hGd xfnsf] s0ff{nL k|b]zdf ===========
ePsf] lyof] .

j]bfGt 84 kf7\ojm| d ljsf; jm] Gb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf ===========
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6 ===========
===========
-v_ hokY[ jLaxfb'/ l;x+ n] uf/] vfkqdf klg sfd u/s] f x'g\ .
-u_ vuG] ba| xfb'/ a:g]t vu]Gb| gjhLjg u[xsf ;+:yfks xg' \ .
-3_ /fli6«o JolStTjx¿ xfdf| k|/] 0ffsf ;|ft] xg' \ .

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;ªl\ IfKt pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M

-s_ hokY[ JfLaxfb/' l;+xsf] hGd gk] fnsf] jm' g lhNnfdf ePsf] lyof] <
-v_ vuG] ba| xfb/' a:gt] sf aa' f / cfdfsf] gfd n]Vgx' f;] \ .
-u¬_ vu]Gb|axfb/' a:g]tn] lsg vu]Gb| gjhLjg u[xsf] :yfkgf u/]sf x'g\ <

Ps jfSodf n]Vg'xf;] \ .
-3_ hok[YJfLaxfb'/ l;+xn] nv] ]sf jm' g} @ cf]6f k:' tssf] gfd n]Vgx' f;] \ .

#= hok[YjLaxfb/' l;x+ / vu]Gb|axfb'/ a:g]tsf] hLjgLaf6
tkfOFn{ ] l;j]msf j'm/fx¿sf] ;r" L agfpgx' f;] \ .

$= hokY[ jLaxfb'/ l;x+ n] u/]sf sfo{x¿ nV] g'xf;] \ .

%= vu]Gba| xfb'/ a:g]tn] u/]sf sfo{x¿ nV] gx' f;] \ .

^= tkfOs{F f] ;d'bfodf ;fdflhs ;]jfdf ofu] bfg k¥' ofPsf JolSt
klxrfg u/L pxfFn] ;db' fodf k¥' ofPsf] ofu] bfgaf/d] f nV] g'xf;] .\

kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; jm] Gb|, 85 jb] fGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

PsfO j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

3 gful/s r]tgf, st{Jo / clwsf/

(Civic Consciousness, Duties and Rights)

PsfO kl/ro M

;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIffsf] cWoogaf6 ljBfyLx{ ¿nfO{ c;n
gful/s eO{ hLjgofkg ug{ dbt k'Ug] ckI] ff ul/Psf] 5 . o; PsfOdf ‘… gful/s
rt] gf, st{Jo / clwsf/’ cGtut{ gful/s rt] gf;uF ;DalGwt ljleGg ljifoj:tx¿'
;dfjz] ul/Psf 5g\ . o;cGtut{ Gfful/ssf] kl/ro, Gfful/s st{Jo / clwsf/,
JolStut stJ{ o / clwsf/, clwsf/sf] pkofu] / c¿sf] clwsf/k|lt ;Ddfg,
Nff]stflGqs d"No / dfGotfsf] Kfl/ro / dxŒj, Nffs] tflGqs kl| jm| of, afn
clwsf/sf] pkof]u / stJ{ osf] kfngf, xfd|f ;fdflhs lgodsf] kl/ro,
o;sf] kfngfaf6 x'g] kmfObfx¿, ;fdflhs lgod / sfgg' lar leGgtf, JolStut tyf
kfl/jfl/s ;/' Iffsf] kl/ro, ;'/lIft /xg] pkfox¿, ;/' Iffsf nflu sfd ug{]

j]bfGt 86 kf7\ojm| d ljsf; jm] Gb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

lgsfox¿, 6«flkms lgodsf] kl/ro, 6«flkms ;ªj\ m] tx¿, 6f« lkms lgodsf] kfngf,
6«flkms lgodsf] kfngfaf6 x'g] kmfObfx¿ h:tf ljifoj:t'x¿ ;dfj]z ul/Psf
5g\ . log} ljifoj:t'x¿dfk{mt kT| os] l;sf?df c;n gful/ssf] u'0fsf] ljsf;df
;xofu] k'Ug] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

o; PsfOsf] cGTodf ljBfyLx{ ¿n] lgDg l;sfO pknlAwx¿ xfl;n ug]{ 5g\ M

• gful/ssf] kl/ro lbO{ Gfful/s st{Jo kfngf ug{ / clwsf/kl| t ;rt] /xg,
• Nffs] tflGqs dN" odfGotfsf] cgz' /0f ug{,
;fdflhs lgodsf] kfngf ug{,
• afnclwsf/ / sTfJ{ o klxrfg u/L afnclwsf/sf] pkof]uk|lt ;r]t /xg,
cfÇgf] JolStut tyf kfl/jfl/s ;/' Iff ;DaGwdf ;r]t /xg,
6«flkms lgodsf] kl/ro / kmfObf atfpg Pjd\ o;sf] kfngf ug{ .

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; j]mGb|, 87 jb] fGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 gful/ssf] kl/ro
#=! (Introduction to Citizen)

jm' g} klg bz] sf] gu/ jf ufpdF f a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;x¿ To; b]zsf ;b:ox¿
xg' \ . ;fdfGotof j'mg} klg b]zdf a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;x¿sf bO' { lsl;dsf klxrfg
x'G5g\ . Ps lsl;dsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ gful/s / csfn{ fO{ lgjf;L elgG5 . gk] fndf
a;fa] f; ug]{ ljbz] L gful/sx¿ lgjf;L xg' \ eg] oxfFsf :yfoL ;b:ox¿ gful/s
xg' \ . gful/s / lgjf;L bj' }n] /fHoaf6 j]mxL ;l' jwfx¿ kf| Kt u/]sf x'G5g\ . bj' }sf]
/fHok|lt jxg ug'{kg]{ stJ{ ox¿ klg x'G5g\ . t/ jm' g} klg bz] sf gful/sn] kfpg] ;a}
clwsf/ / ;j] f ;'ljwf eg] lgjf;Ln] kfpbF }gg\ . lgjf;L c:yfoL kj| [mltsf xG' 5g\
eg] gful/s :yfoL k|jm[ ltsf x'G5g\ . gful/s / lgjf;L b'j} ldn]/ /fHo ag]sf]
xG' 5 . ;a} gful/s lgjf;L x'g\ eg] ;a} lgjf;L gful/s aGg ;Sbg} g\ . j'mg} klg b]zdf
lgjf;Lx¿n] gful/s ;/x clwsf/ bfaL ug{ ;Sb}g . pgLx¿n] gful/s ;/x g}
/fHoaf6 ;+/If0f eg] kfPsf x'G5g\ .

j]bfGt 88 kf7\oj|md ljsf; j]mGb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

‘gful/s’ zAbsf] zflAbs cy{ ‘gu/ lgjf;L’ eGg] x'G5 . jm' g} gu/sf] lglZrt
kl/lwleq lgjf; ug{] jf a;f]af; ug]{ dflg;x¿nfO{ g} gful/s elgG5 . gful/s
zAbsf] pTklQ k|frLg o'gfg gu/af6 ePsf] xf] . Tolt an] f /fHoaf6 ;fdflhs
tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/sf ;fy} cGo ;l' jwfx¿ kf| Kt ug{] dflg;x¿nfO{
gful/s elgGYof] . dlxnf, afnaflnsf, bf; / ljb]zLx¿nfO{ gful/ssf] bhf{
lbOPsf] lyPg . dWosfndf /fd] g ;fd|fHosf] lj:tf/;uF } gu/ If]qeGbf aflx/
a;fa] f; ug{] dflg;x¿nfO{ klg gful/s elgg yflnof] . oBlk Tolt a]nf klg
/fhgLlts / Gofo;DaGwL clwsf/ kf| Kt ug]{ JolStx¿nfO{ dfq gful/s elgGYof] .
of] ;'ljwf dlxnf, afnaflnsf, bf; tyf ljb]zLnfO{ lyPg .

kf| rLg ;dodf jf k"0f{ /fhtGq ePsf d'n'sdf /fh;:+ yfk|lt k"0f{ akmfbf/ agfpg
gful/snfO{ k|hf eGg] ul/GYof] . To;} u/L gful/snfO{ dtbftf eGg] klg ul/G5 t/
;a} gful/s dtbftf eg] x'g ;Sb}gg\ . j'mg} b]zsf] sfg'gcg';f/ dtbfg ug{ ofU] otf
k'us] f] JolStx¿nfO{ dtbftf elgG5 . cfwl' gs ou' df gful/ssf] cy{ Jofks 5 .
lgDglnlvt ;t{x¿ k"/f ug]{ j'mg} klg JolStnfO{ gful/s elgG5 M

• /fHosf] ;Ldfleq j'mg} klg 7fpdF f a;f]af; ug],{

• /fHosf] ;b:o ePsf],

• j'mg} klg /fHosf] dtsf] clwsf/ ePsf,]

• /fHosf] ;fj{efd} ;QfnfO{ :jLsf/ u/s] f,]

• JolStut geO{ ;fd"lxs lxtsf] /Iff ug{] nIo lnPsf] .

k|To]s Gfful/sn] /fHokl| t cfÇgf] stJ{ o k"/f ugk{' 5{ . gful/s rl/qjfg\,
/fi6«k|]dsf] efjgf ePsf] / /fhgLlts rt] gf ePsf] xg' k' 5{ . gful/sn] /fHoåf/f
lgwf{/0f u/]sf] sfgg' nfO{ cIf/zM kfngf ug{k' 5{ . x/]s gful/sn] b"/blzt{ f /
al' 4dQfk0" f{ Jojxf/ k|:tt' ug'{k5{ . o:tf u'0fx¿ ePsf] gful/snfO{ c;n gful/s
elgG5 .

kf7\oj|md ljsf; j]mGb,| 89 j]bfGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLst[ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

lj|mofsnfk

!= c;n gful/ssf u'0fx¿ pNn]v ub}{ b'O{ hgf ;fyLlar ePsf] ;+jfb
tof/ ug'x{ f;] \ .

@= sIffdf 5nkmn u/L gful/s / lgjf;Llarsf] ;dfgtf / leGgtfx¿
pNn]v ugx{' f;] \ .

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ nV] gx' f;] \ M

-s_ gful/s eg]sf] j]m xf] <
-v_ gful/s zAbsf] zflAbs cy{ nV] g'xf];\ .
-u_ k|frLg o'gfgdf s:tf JolStnfO{ gful/s elgGYof] <
-3_ /fh;:+ yfk|lt k0" f{ akmfbf/ gful/snfO{ j]m elgGYof] <
-ª_ g]kfndf slt jifs{ f] pd/] df gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 <

@= gful/s x'gsf nflu jm] jm] ;tx{ ¿ k/" f ug'{k5{ < n]Vg'xf;] \ .
#= /fi6« lgdf0{ fdf gful/ssf] pkofu] lsg cfjZos 5 <
$= Pp6fc;ngful/ssf]gftfn]bz] sfnfluug{k' g]{sfox{ ¿sf];r" L

tof/ kfgx'{ f];\ .

;fdb' flos sfo{

cGo bz] sf gful/sx¿ klg ljleGg sfdsf sf/0f tkfO{Fsf] 5/l5d]sdf

a;fa] f; uge{' Psf] xfn] f . pxfxF ¿nfO{ e]6L pxfxF ¿sf] gfd, bz] , k];f, oxfF

a:gs' f sf/0f cflb ;f]wvf]h u/L Ps kl| tjb] g tof/ kfgx'{ f];\ .

j]bfGt 90 kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; jm] Gb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 xfdf| ] clwsf/
#=@ (Our Rights)

x/s] gful/snfO{ ;+ljwfgdf plNnlvt df}lns xsx? M

cfÇgf] rf}tkmL{ ljsf;sf lglDt g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] efu # ,wf/f !^ bl] v $^ ;Dddf lgDg

clwsf/sf] cfjZostf df}lns xsx¿sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .
k5{ . h;n] h] dg
nfUof] ToxL ug{ kfpg' clwsf/ !^= ;Ddfgkj" {s afRF g kfpg] xs, !&= :jtGqtfsf] xs,

!*= ;dfgtfsf] xs , !(= ;~rf/sf] xs,

@)= Gofo ;DaGwL xs, @!= ck/fw kLl8tsf] xs,

xfO] g . jf:tjdf clwsf/ @@= oftgf lj?4sf] xs,

egs] f] c¿sf] clwsf/sf] xgg @#= lgjf/0f gh/aGb la?4sf] xs,
gu/Lsg cfÇgf] :jtGqtfsf]
pkofu] ug'{ xf] . clwsf/ @$= 5'jf5't tyf e]befj lj?4sf] xs,

@%= ;DklQsf] xs, @^= wflds{ :jtGqtfsf] xs,

@&= ;r" gfsf] xs, @*= ufk] gLotfsf] xs,

k|To]sJolStsf] rft} kmL{ @(= zfi] f0f lj?4sf] xs, #)= :jR5 jftfj/0fsf] xs,

ljsf;sf nflu #!= lzIff ;DaGwL xs, #@= efiff tyf ;+:s[ltsf] xs,
##= /f]huf/Lsf] xs, #$= >dsf] xs,
cfjZos kg]{ To:tf] bfaL #%= :jf:Yo ;DaGwL xs, #^= vfbo\ ;DaGwL xs,
#&= cfjf;sf] xs, #*= dlxnfsf] xs,
xf,] h;nfO{ ;dfhn] :jLsf/

u5,{ /fHon] sfgg' åf/f kb| fg #(= jfnjflnsfsf] xs, $)= blntsf] xs,
u5{ / st{Jo k/" f u/]kl5 dfq $!= Hoi] 7 gful/ssf] xs, $@= ;fdflhs Gofosf] xs,
kf| Kt ug{ ;lsG5 . st{Jolagf $#= ;fdflhs ;/' Iffsf] xs, $$= pkefQ] mfsf] xs,
clwsf/ cl:tTjdf /xg $%= b]z lgsfnf lj?4sf] xs,
$^= ;j+ w} flgs pkrf/sf] xs .

;Sbg} . h:tý} lzIff kfpg'

afnaflnsfsf] clwsf/ xf] eg] lzIff kf| lKtsf nflu lgoldt ¿kdf ljBfno hfg,'

cg'zfl;t eP/ l;sfO ljm| ofsnfkdf efu lng', ljBfnosf] gLltlgod dfGg'

pgsf] st{Jo xf] . oL stJ{ o k/" f u/]sf] cj:yfdf dfq pgsf] lzIff kf| Kt ug{] clwsf/

k|fKt ug{ ;S5 .

kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb|, 91 j]bfGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

x/]snfO{ JolStut Ifdtfsf] ljsf;, k];f Joj;fodf ku| lt, ;fdflhs ljsf;
cflbsf nflu clwsf/sf] cfjZostf k5{ . /fHon] ljleGg hfthflt / ljleGg wd,{
;+:j[mlt dfGg] dflg;x¿nfO{ ;dfg clwsf/ k|bfg u/]sf] x'G5 . o;/L /fHoaf6 kT| o]s
gful/sn] k|fKt ug{] clwsf/nfO{ gful/s clwsf/ elgG5 . x/s] JolStn] uf;F ,
jf;, skf;, lzIff, :jf:Yo, ;'/Iff cflb ;j] fx¿ kf| Kt ug'{ df}lns clwsf/x¿
xg' \ . oL ;a} df}lns clwsf/x¿ dfgj clwsf/leq k5{g\ .

dflg; eP/ hGd]jm} cfwf/df x/s] dflg;n] kf| Kt ug{] hGdl;4 clwsf/x¿nfO{
dfgj clwsf/ elgG5 . dfgj clwsf/ gful/s clwsf/sf] dxŒjk0" f{ kIf xf] .
dflg;sf clwsf/x¿nfO{ lgDg ;dx" df ljefhg u//] cWoog ul/G5 M

-s_ gful/s clwsf/ (Civic rights) M

Gfful/ssf] JolStut tyf ;fdflhs hLjgsf nflu cfjZos kg{] ;a} clwsf/
x¿nfO{ gful/s clwsf/ elgG5 . o;cGtut{ JolStut, ;fdflhs, wflds{ /
cfly{s clwsf/x¿ k5g{ \ .

-v_ /fhgLlts clwsf/ (Political rights) M

x/]s JolSt j'mg} g j'mg} b]zsf] gful/s x'g\ . pgn] j'mg} e]befj, 8/ tyf qf;lagf
/fHosf d"nwf/df ;n+ Ug eO{ ;/sf/sf ljleGg cªu\ x¿df efu lng kfp5F g\ .
o:tf] clwsf/nfO{ g} /fhgLlts clwsf/ elgG5 . lgjf{rgdf dtbfg ug{,] pd]bjf/
aGg], ;/sf/sf ljleGg cªu\ x¿df ;xefuL x'g] cflb /fhgLlts clwsf/x¿ x'g\ .

-u_ sfg'gL clwsf/ (Legal rights) M

x/s] /fHon] cfÇgf gful/sx¿sf clwsf/x¿ sfgg' åf/f ;/+ lIft u/]sf] xG' 5 . x/]s
gful/snfO{ sfgg' åf/f k|bQ clwsf/x¿ sfg'gL clwsf/x¿ xg' \ . o:tf clwsf/x¿

jb] fGt 92 kf7\oj|md ljsf; j]mGb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

bz] df kr| lnt sfgg' x¿df pNn]v ul/Psf] x'G5 . gful/stf kf| lKtsf] clwsf/,
pkefS] tfsf] clwsf/ cflb o;sf pbfx/0fx¿ x'g\ .

-3_ ;+jw} flgs clwsf/ (Constitutional rights) M

k|hftflGqs bz] x¿df gful/ssf cfwf/et" clwsf/x¿ dfl} ns xssf ¿kdf
;+ljwfgdf pNn]v u/L k|bfg ul/Psf] x'G5 . ;+ljwfgdf plNnlvt dfl} ns
xsx¿nfO{ ;+jw} flgs clwsf/ elgG5 . gk] fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] efu # df wf/f !^
bl] v wf/f $^ ;Dd #! cf]6f ;j+ }wflgs clwsf/x¿sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .

lj|mofsnfk

!= ‘gful/ssf] JolStTj ljsf;df gful/s clwsf/sf] e"ldsf’ ;DaGwdf
Ps jStt[ f tof/ kfg{'xf];\ / sIffdf ;g' fpg'xf];\ .

@= ‘gful/s clwsf/sf] ;bk' ofu] ’ ;DaGwdf Ps ;j+ fb tof/ u/L sIffdf
clego ug{'xf;] \ .

cEof;

!= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] clt 5f]6f] pQ/ nV] g'xf;] \ M

-s_ clwsf/ eg]sf] jm] xf] <
-v_ gful/s clwsf/ egs] f] jm] xf] <
-u_ tkfO{nF fO{ dgkg]{ j'mg} b'O{ ;j+ }wflgs clwsf/x¿ pNn]v ugx'{ f;] \ .

kf7\ojm| d ljsf; j]mGb|, 93 jb] fGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

-3_ /fhgLlts clwsf/sf] cy{ n]Vgx' f];\ .
-ª_ dtbfg ug{ kfpg' s:tf] ks| f/sf] clwsf/ xf] <

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;ªl\ IfKt pQ/ n]Vgx' f;] \ M

-s_ clwsf/sf] pkof]u / b'?kofu] ;DaGwdf cfÇgf] ljrf/ Ps cgR' 5b] df
n]Vg'xf;] \ .

-v_ ;j+ }wflgs clwsf/ / sfg'gL clwsf/sf larsf] ;dfgtf / leGgtf
n]Vgx' f;] \ .

-u_ x/s] JolStsf] dfl} ns clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 < tLg
cf6] f aFb' f l6kf6] ug'{xf;] \ .

#= gful/s clwsf/sf] dxŒj aofg ub}{ cfˆgf] ;fyLnfO{ lr7L
nV] gx' f;] \ .

$= Pp6f rf6{ kk] /df dfl} ns xsx¿sf] ;r" L tof/ kfg{x' f];\ / sIffdf
6f:F g'xf];\ .

;fd'bflos sfo{

tkfO{Fsf] ljBfnodf cWoog/t dflyNnf] sIffsf ljBfyL{x¿df
gful/ssf ljleGg clwsf/x¿sf af/d] f hfgsf/L eP gePsf] kQf
nufpg'xf];\ / Ps k|ltjb] g tof/ ugx{' f];\ .

jb] fGt 94 kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; j]mGb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 gful/s stJ{ o
#=# (Civic Duties)

dflg;n] hLjgofkg ug{] j|mddf w]/} sfdx¿ ug{k' g]{ xG' 5 . dflg;n] ug{] k|Tos]
c;n sfd g} st{Jo xf] . stJ{ onfO{ lhDd]jf/L klg elgG5 . k|To]s gful/sn] cfk"m,
c¿ JolSt, ;dfh / /fHokl| t ug]{ c;n sfdnfO{ gful/s st{Jo elgG5 .
dflg;n] cfÇgf nflu klg w/] } c;n sfdx¿ ug{'k5{ . To;nfO{ cfk"mk|ltsf] st{Jo
elgG5 . dflg;n] ;a;} Fu ldqjt\ Jojxf/ ug's{ f ;fy} cfÇgf] sfos{ f] klxrfg u/L
;dodf ugk'{ 5{ . ;dodf vfgf vfg,' cf/fd ug'{ / :jf:Yodf Wofg lbg'k5{ . o;sf
;fy} lgoldt ofu] , Wofg tyf Jofofd ug]{ ug'{k5{ . oL cfk"mkl| t ug{] st{Jox¿
x'g\ . dflg;x¿ kl/jf/df cGo ;b:ox¿;uF } a:5g\ . cfÇgf] kl/jf/sf
;b:ox¿sf] enfOsf lglDt dflg;n] ug{] c;n sfd kl/jf/kl| tsf] st{Jo xf] .

dflg; ;fdflhs kf| 0fL ePsfn] ;dfhsf] rf}tkmL{ ljsf;sf nflu ljleGg c;n
sfdx¿ u5{g\ . ;dfhsf ;b:olar cfk;L kd|] / cfb/sf] efj tyf dofl{ bt
afgL ax] f]/fsf] cfjZostf k5{ . ;lxi0f'tf, zflGt, ;xofu] , ;be\ fj, dfgjtf /
:jtGqtfsf] /Iff ub}{ cufl8 a9g\ ] k|oTg ug{k' 5{ . ;a};uF ldqjt\ Jojxf/ ug'{
x/s] dflg;sf] stJ{ o xf] . s;}nfO{ cK7o\ f/f] kbf{ ;xofu] ug{ cu|;/ x'gk' 5{ . 6f]n
l5ds] sf] pGgltsf nflu ;rt] x'g'k5{ . bof, dfof, s?0ff / d}qLefj h:tf c;n
Jojxf/ kb| zg{ ug'{k5{ . ljBfno, c:ktfn, kf6Lkf}jf, wf/f cflb ;fjh{ lgs ;DklQ
tyf wflds{ Pjd\ ;f+:jm[ lts ;DklQx¿sf] ;/+ If0f ugk{' 5{ . oL ;a} sfo{ ;dfhk|lt
ug'k{ g{] stJ{ o xg' \ .

kT| os] gful/sn] sfg'gsf] cwLgdf /xL /fHok|lt ug]{ c;n sfdx¿nfO{ gful/s
stJ{ o elgG5 . s/ ltg{,' dtbfg ug{', ;/sf/sf] sfddf ;xofu] ug{' cflb /fi6«k|ltsf
st{Jox¿ x'g\ .

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; j]mGb,| 95 jb] fGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

gful/s st{Jox¿nfO{ lgDgfg';f/ juLs{ /0f u/L cWoog ug{ ;lsG5 M

!= g}lts stJ{ o M(Moral duties)

k|Tos] dflg;n] c¿k|lt, ;dfhk|lt /
/fHok|lt ug{'kg{] bfloTjnfO{ g} g}lts
stJ{ o elgG5 . cfk"meGbf 7n' fsf] cfb/,
;fgfnfO{ dfof / c¿sf] ljrf/sf] sb/
ug'{ gl} ts st{Jo xf] . j[4j[4f,
afnaflnsf, b'MvL / ul/ak|lt bof, dfof / s?0ff b]vfpg' klg gl} ts
st{Jox¿ xg' \ .

@= sfgg' L stJ{ o M(Legal duties)

/fHon] cfÇgf gful/ssf nflu
sfg'gåf/f ls6fg ul/Psf st{Jox¿ g}
sfg'gL st{Jox¿ x'g\ . /fHosf] gLltlgod
dfGg', s/ ltg',{ dtbfg ug'{ tyf cfjZos
k/]sf] an] fdf /fHosf] ;]jf ug'{ sfg'gL
stJ{ ox¿ x'g\ .

#= ;+j}wflgs st{Jo M(Constitutional duties)

cfÇgf gful/snfO{ /fHok|lt pQ/bfoL agfpgsf lglDt j'mg} klg
/fi6«sf] ;l+ jwfgn] jm] xL st{Jox¿ pNn]v u/]sf] xG' 5 . o;/L ;+ljwfgdf
plNnlvt st{Jox¿nfO{ ;+jw} flgs stJ{ o elgG5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] efu
# sf] wf/f $* df lgDg gful/s stJ{ ox¿ pNnv] u/]sf] 5 M

• /fi6«kl| t lgi7fjfg\ xF'b} g]kfnsf] /fli6o« tf, ;fj{efd} ;Qf / cv08tfsf]

/Iff ug,{'

j]bfGt 96 kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; j]mGb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLs[t

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

• ;l+ jwfg / sfgg' sf] kfngf ug'{,
• /fHon] rfxs] f avt clgjfo{ ;j] f ug,{'
• ;fjh{ lgs ;DklQsf] ;/' Iff / ;/+ If0f ug'{ .

lj|mofsnfk

!= sIffdf 5nkmn u/L x/s] JolStn] kfngf ug{'kg{] st{Jox¿ lgDg
tflnsfdf nV] g'xf];\ / ;g' fpgx' f];\ M

JolStut kfl/jfl/s ;fdflhs g}lts gful/s k;] fut
st{Jo stJ{ o st{Jo stJ{ o stJ{ o stJ{ o

!=
@=
#=
$=

@= sIffdf 5nkmn u/L x/]s ljBfyL{n] ljBfnodf lgjf{x
ug'k{ g]{ stJ{ ox¿sf] ;r" L agfpg'xf;] \ .

cEof;

!= tnsf jfSox¿ l7s eP l7s -√_ lrGx / a]l7s eP al] 7s -×_
lrGx nufpgx' f;] \ M

-s_ x/]s gful/sn] cfÇgf] stJ{ o k"/f ug{'k5{ . ==============

-v_ g}lts stJ{ o k/" f gu/]df sfg'gL ;hfo efU] g'k5{ . ==============

-u_ c;n JolStnfO{ dtbfg u/L lhtfpg' gful/ssf] sfg'gL

stJ{ o xf] . ==============

kf7\oj|md ljsf; jm] Gb|, 97 jb] fGt
;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

-3_ /fHonfO{ cfjZos k/]sf] an] f df ;a} gful/sn] ;xofu]

ugk{' 5{ . ==============

-ª_ cfdfn] ;fgf] aRrfnfO{ dfof ug{' kfl/jfl/s stJ{ o xf] . ==============

@= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] ;ª\lIfKt pQ/ nV] gx' f];\ M

-s_ x/s] gful/sn] cfÇgf] st{Jo lsg k"/f ug{'k5{ < cfÇgf] ljrf/
n]Vgx' f;] \ .

-v_ tkfO{sF f] kl/jf/k|ltsf] stJ{ ox¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ .

-u_ g}lts stJ{ o / sfg'gL st{Jolar km/s 56' \ofpg'xf;] \ .

-3_ xfdLn] s:tf] cj:yfdf /fHonfO{ ;xofu] ug{k' 5{ < pNn]v ug{x' f];\ .

#= æc;n JolStnfO{ dtbfg u//] lgjfr{ g lhtfpg' x/s]
dtbftfsf] st{Jo xf] .Æ eGg] egfOnfO{ cfˆg} zAbdf JofVof
ug'x{ f];\ .

$= cfˆgf] ;d'bfosf] st{Jolgi7 JolStsf] klxrfg u/L pxfFsf
af/]df Ps cgR' 5]b nV] gx' f];\ .

%= gful/s st{Jox¿sf] ;r" L tof/ kf/L j'mg jm' g stJ{ ox¿
tkfOn{F ] k"/f ug{e' Psf] 5 < pNn]v ugx{' f];\ .

;fd'bflos sfo{

tkfOF{sf] ;db' fosf dflg;x¿n] lgjfx{ u/]sf ljleGg bfloTjx¿ h:tý}
gl} ts, ;fdflhs, kfl/jfl/s, sfg'gL cflbsf] cj:yf kQf nufO{ Ps
k|ltj]bg tof/ kfgx{' f;] \ .

j]bfGt 98 kf7\ojm| d ljsf; jm] Gb|,
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

Kff7 nf]stflGqs dN" o / dfGotf
#=$ (Democratic Values and Norms)

nf]stGqnfO{ k|hftGqsf] kofo{ jfrL zAbsf] ¿kdf
klg ko| f]u u/]sf] kfOG5 . kh| ftGq cªu\ |h] L zAb
Democracy sf] g]kfnL ¿kfGt/0f xf] . Democracy
zAb uL| ssf 8d] ; (Demos) / j]m| l;of (Kratia)
zAbx¿ ldn/] ags] f] xf] . oxfF 8]d;sf] cy{ hgtf /
j|m] l;ofsf] cy{ zf;g jf ;/sf/ eGg] al' emG5 . t;y{
kh| ftGqsf] zflAbs cy{ hgtfsf] zf;g xf] . cdl] /sL
/fi6«klt ca|fxd lnª\sgn] kh| ftGqsf] kl/efiff o;/L
u/]sf 5g\ . æk|hftGq hgtfn], hgtfsf] lglDt tyf hgtfåf/f ul/g] zf;g Joj:yf
xf] .Æ of] nfs] lko| kl/efiffn] klg k|hftGq egs] f] hgtfjm} zf;g xf] eGg] jm' /f kl' i6
u/]sf] 5 .

g]kfndf hgcfGbfn] g @)^@÷^# kl5 kh| ftGqnfO{ nfs] tGq eGg yflnPsf] xf] .
o; cy{df k|hftGqsf] kl/jltt{ tyf gofF ¿knfO{ nfs] tGq elgG5 . ctM nf]stGq
hgtfåf/f ;~rfng xg' ] zf;g k4lt xf] . nf]stGqdf ;a}nfO{ ;dfg Jojxf/ ul/G5 .
kT| o]s ju{, ;db' fosf hgtfsf] k|ToIf ;xeflutfdf pgLx¿åf/f lgjf{lrt JolStåf/f
zf;g ;~rfng ul/G5 . To;n} ] of] hgtfsf] zf;g xf] . o;df hgtfsf] kl| tlglwx¿af6
sfg'gsf] lgdf0{ f ul/G5 . lgjf{lrt kl| tlglwx¿dWo]af6} ;/sf/sf] u7g eO{ /fi6d« f
kr| lnt sfg'gsf cfwf/df /fHo ;~rfng ul/G5 . t;y{ nfs] tGq sfg'gL zf;g
k4lt klg xf] .

nf]stGqdf ;a}nfO{ ;dfg Jojxf/ ul/g] x'gfn] jm] xL d"No / dfGotfx¿nfO{ cªu\ Lsf/
ul/Psf] xG' 5 . ltgLx¿nfO{ g} nfs] tflGqs dN" o / dfGotf elgG5 . ljlwsf] zf;g,

kf7o\ j|md ljsf; j]mGb,| 99 j]bfGt
;fgfl] 7dL, eStk/' åf/f :jLst[ ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff

j]bfGt ;fdflhs cWoog tyf
dfgjd"No lzIff – sIff 6

gful/s :jtGqtf, dfl} ns tyf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0f, k]|; :jtGqtf, ;fdflhs
;'/Iff, :jtGq Gofofno, gful/s ;jfR{] rtf cflb k|dv' nfs] tflGqs d"No /
dfGotfx¿ xg' \ .

nf]stflGqs d"No / dfGotfx¿sf] Jofjxfl/s k|of]un] b]zdf ;z' f;g tyf zflGt
;'Joj:yf sfod x'G5 . /fHosf ljleGg cª\ux¿df ;a}sf] ;xeflutf ;l' glZrt
xG' 5 . ax'dtsf] lg0fo{ x'g] eP tfklg cNkdtsf] klg sb/ ul/G5 . c¿sf]
ljrf/sf] ;Ddfg ul/G5 . ;xsfo{ / ;xeflutfdfkm{ t ;xcl:tTj klxrfg x'G5 .
;a}nfO{ ;dfg sfgg' L pkrf/sf] xs x'G5 . cfÇgf] clwsf/ vfH] bf c¿sf]
clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg xG' 5 . To;n} ] nfs] tflGqs dN" o / dfGotfx¿ cToGt}
dxŒjk0" f{ xG' 5g\ . nfs] tGqdf hgtfsf] ;jfR]{ rtf x'G5 . ;/sf/ hgtfk|lt
lhDd]jf/ x'g] x'gfn] hgtfsf] clwsf/ ;'lglZrt x'G5 . nfs] tGqdf ljlwsf] zf;g
x'G5 . Goflos :jtGqtfsf] kT| ofel" t x/s] gful/sn] u5{g\ . bz] sf] zf;g k4ltdf
hgtfsf] kT| oIf ;xeflutf x'G5 .

kl/jf/, ;dfh / /fi6«df ;ad} f nf]stflGqs Jojxf/ geP;Dd nf]stflGqs dN" o
/ dfGotfsf] ;/+ If0f ug{ ;ljmF bg} . To;n} ] xfdL ;an} ] dN" o / dfGotfsf] ;+/If0f /
nf]stflGqs Jojxf/ kb| zg{ ug{'k5{ .

ljm| ofsnfk

!= sIffdf ljleGg l;sfO ljm| ofsnfkx¿ ;~rfngsf nflu Ps hgf
;fyLnfO{ ljifo dlg6/ 5fGg'xf];\ . pxfFj}m cWoIftfdf 5nkmn u/L
sIffsf] l;sfO jftfj/0f ;w' f/sf nflu cfjZos lgodx¿sf] ;r" L
agfpgx' f;] \ / ;an} ] kfngf ug{'xf];\ .

j]bfGt 100 kf7o\ jm| d ljsf; j]mGb,|
;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjdN" o lzIff ;fgf]l7dL, eStk'/åf/f :jLs[t