Samajik Adhyan 7 New

;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff cf]Pl;; sIff & g]kfn ;/sf/, lzIff dGqfno, kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|, ;fgf]l7dL eStk'/åf/f :jLs[lt k|fKt n]vsx¿ ™ dx]Gb| lji6 ™ dft[sf ;'j]bL ™ /]zd lu/L ™ wd{/fh v8\sf cf]Pl;; klAns];g k|f= ln= cgfdgu/, sf7df8f}“ kmf]gM )!–$#!#@)%

n]vsx¿ dx]Gb| lji6 dft[sf ;'j]bL /]zd lu/L ;jf{lwsf/ n]vs tyf k|sfzsdf k|yd ;+:s/0f M @)&( u|flkmS;M jL/]Gb| >]i7 k|sfzs cf]Pl;; klAns];g k|f= ln= cgfdgu/, sf7df8f}“ kmf]gM )!–$#!#@)% d'b|s lqo'uf ckm;]6 k|]; ;t'ª\un, sf7df8f}F kmf]gM )!–$#!)#)%

ljifo;"rL PsfO ! xfdL / xfd|f] ;dfh ! kf7 ! ;dfhsf] pTklQ / ljsf;qmd @ kf7 @ ;fdflhsLs/0f ^ kf7 # lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt ( kf7 $ xfd|f ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x¿M lzIff / :jf:Yo !! kf7 % xfd|f ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x¿M oftfoft / ;~rf/ !% kf7 ^ ljsf;sf ;Defjgfx¿ !* PsfO @ xfd|f] dfgjd"No / dfGotfx¿ @) kf7 ! dfgjd"No / ;]jf @! kf7 @ xfd|f ;fdflhs ;+:sf/x¿ @& kf7 # xfd|f wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿ #! kf7 $ xfd|f rf8kj{x¿ #% kf7 % xfd|f ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfh #* kf7 ^ xfd|f] klx/g / kl/sf/x¿ $# kf7 & /fi6«sf] ;Ddfg / /fli6«otfsf] hu]gf{ $^ kf7 * xfd|f k|]/0ffbfoL /fli6«o JolQmTjx¿ %) kf7 ( afnSna %% PsfO # gful/s r]tgf, sTf{Jo / clwsf/ %* kf7 ! /fHosf cfwf/e"t tŒjx¿ %( kf7 @ nf]stflGqs ;+:sf/ ^@ kf7 # g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg ^$ kf7 $ dfgj clwsf/ / df}lns xs ^^ kf7 % dlxnf clwsf/ &) kf7 ^ k|b]z ;/sf/ &@ kf7 & xfd|f ;'/Iff lgsfox¿ &$ PsfO $ ;fdflhs ;d:of / ;dfwfg &^ kf7 ! ;Eo ;dfh && kf7 @ ;fdflhs ljs[lt / ;d:of ;dfwfg *! kf7 # ;fdflhs ljs[lt / ;d:ofaf6 aRg] pkfo *% kf7 $ ;fdflhs ;d:of ;dfwfgdf ;ª\3;+:yfsf] e"ldsf *( kf7 % åGå Joj:yfkg (# kf7 ^ zflGt :yfkgf (& PsfO % xfd|f] ljut !)) kf7 ! dWosfnLg g]kfnsf] kl/ro !)!

kf7 @ dWosfnLg g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts cj:yf !)# kf7 # dWosfnLg g]kfnsf] ;fdflhs cj:yf !)% kf7 $ dWosfnLg g]kfnsf] cfly{s cj:yf !)& kf7 % dWosfnLg g]kfnsf] snf / ;+:s[lt !)( kf7 ^ xfd|f /fli6«o lje"ltx¿ !!! kf7 & l;Ghf pkTosfsf] ;Eotf !!# PsfO ^ g]kfnsf cfly{s lj|mofsnfk !!% kf7 ! cfly{s ljsf;sf] cfwf/M s[lif / pBf]u !!^ kf7 @ xfd|f] hn;Dkbf !!( kf7 # s[lif, pBf]u / Jofkf/sf] ;DaGw !@@ kf7 $ xfdL pkef]StfM xfd|f] clwsf/ !@^ kf7 % ;/sf/L cfo tyf Joo !#) PsfO & xfd|f] k[YjL !#@ kf7 ! k[YjLsf] b}lgs / jflif{s ult !## kf7 @ w/ftnLo :j¿ksf] lgdf{0f !#^ kf7 # w/ftnLo :j¿kdf kl/jt{g Nofpg] tŒjx¿ !$) kf7 $ g]kfnsf] lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{sf] ef}uf]lns ljj/0f / ljz]iftf !$$ kf7 % g]kfnsf ;ft k|b]zx¿ !%@ kf7 ^ hnjfo' kl/jt{g !%* kf7 & ljkt\af6 arf}F !^) kf7 * gS;f sfo{ !^# PsfO * hg;ª\Vof / o;sf] Joj:yfkg !^% kf7 ! /fli6«o hgu0fgf !^^ kf7 @ g]kfnsf] hg;flª\Vos cj:yf !&! kf7 # g]kfnsf] hg;ª\Vofsf] agf]6 !&% kf7 $ hg;ª\Vof kl/jt{gsf sf/0f !*# kf7 % hg;fª\lVos cj:yf / u'0f:t/Lo hLjg !*& kf7 ^ hg;ª\Vof Joj:yfkg !(! kf7 & hg;ª\Vof Joj:yfkgdf ljleGg lgsfox¿sf] e"ldsf !($ PsfO ( cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw, ;d;fdlos 36gf / ;xof]u !(& kf7 ! e"kl/j]li6t /fi6« !(* kf7 @ ;fs{sf ultljlwx¿ @)# kf7 # ;"rgf k|ljlw @)^ kf7 $ ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]u / ;r]tgf @!) kf7 % ;d;fdlos ultljlw / 36gfx¿ @!@

1 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & PsfO ! xfdL / xfd|f] ;dfh o; PsfOdf x'g] xfd|f l;sfOx¿ ó ;dfhsf] pTklQ / ljsf;j|md pNn]v ug{, ó cfˆgf] 3/, kl/jf/ / ;d'bfodf 3'nldn eO{ ;fdflhsLs/0f k|lj|mofdf ;+nUg x'g, ó lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] kl/ro / e"ldsf pNn]v ug{, ó ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/sf ¿kdf lzIff, :jf:Yo, oftfoft / ;~rf/sf] kl/ro, dxŒj / jt{dfg cj:yf pNn]v ug{, ó cfˆgf] lhNnfdf ePsf ljsf;sf ;Defjgfx¿ Kflxrfg ug{ .

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 2 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t kf7 ! ;dfhsf] pTklQ / ljsf;qmd cfh z'qmaf/sf] lbg xf] . xfd|f] o; >L u'/fF; dfWolds ljBfnodf sIff & sf ;fdflhs lzIfs >L hut nfdfn] jSt[Tjsnf k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf ug'{ePsf] 5 . jSt[Tjsnfsf nflu jQmfsf] 5gf]6 lxhf] g} ul/Psf] lyof] . xfd|f] sIffaf6 ;Demgf yf¿n] cfh af]Ng] df}sf kfPsL 5g\ . sfo{qmdsf >4]o ;efWoIf Ho", cfb/0fLo lzIfs tyf d]/f Kof/f ljBfyL{ ;fyLx¿, ;j{k|yd d of] ;'gf}nf] cj;/ k|bfg ul/lbg'ePsfdf lzIfs >L hut nfdfnfO{ xflb{s wGojfb 1fkg ub{5'. cfhsf] o; ljz]if sfo{qmddf d ;dfhsf] pTklQ / ljsf; s;/L eof] eGg]af/]df cfˆgf ljrf/x¿ /fVb} 5'. k|frLg ;dodf dflg;x¿ hª\undf a:by] / jghª\unaf6 k|fKt ;|f]t;fwgx¿af6 cfˆgf cfjZostfx¿ k"/f ub{y] . pgLx¿ hª\unL hgfj/x¿sf] l;sf/ ub{y] ;fy} sGbd'nx¿ Vff]h]/ vfGy] . pgLx¿ hª\unL hgfj/x¿af6 ;j{yf c;'/lIft lyP . t;y{ pgLx¿ qmdzM ;fd"lxs a;f]af; ug{ yfn] . ;j{k|yd pgLx¿n] gbL lsgf/fnfO{ af;:yfg agfP ToxfF kfgLsf] ;'ljwf lyof] . o;/L Pscfk;df b'Mv;'v ;f6f;f6 u/L a:g] sfo{ ;'? eof] h;n] ;dfh lgdf{0fdf cxd\ e"ldsf v]Nof] . ;dfh ljleGg kl/jf/x¿sf] ;+of]lht ¿k xf] . ;femf p2]Zo /fvL lglZrt If]qleq a;f]af; ug{] dflg;x¿sf] ;d"xnfO{ ;dfh eg]/ lrlgG5 . cfh xfdL @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] pGgt ;dfhdf 5f}+ t/ xfd|f] ;dfhsf] :j¿k clxn]sf] cj:yfdf em§} cfOk'u]sf] xf] t < cjZo klg xf]Og . ;dfhsf] ljsf; qmlds ¿kdf x'Fb} cfhsf] cfw'lgs cj:yf;Dd cfOk'Ubf ljleGg r/0fx¿ kf/ u/]sf] 5 . tL r/0fx¿sf af/]df d 5f]6s/Ldf oxfF rrf{ ub}{ 5'M s= klxnf] r/0f -hª\unL jf 9'ª\u]o'u_ o; cj:yfdf dflg;x¿sf] hLjgsf] ;'?jft ePsf] dflgG5 . nueu la; nfv jif{ klxn] dfgj hflt cl:tŒjdf cfPsf lyP . pgLx¿ hª\un / u'kmfx¿df a:y] . klxn] PSnfPSn} a;] klg pgLx¿ la:tf/} ;d"xdf a:g yfn] .

3 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & l;sf/ u/]/ / hª\unsf sGbd"n vfP/ pgLx¿ hLjg lgjf{x ub{y] . ?vsf af]qmf tyf kftx¿n] cfˆgf] z/L/nfO{ 9fSby] . 9'Ëfx¿ Pscfk;df /u8]/ cfuf]sf ljsf; u/L df;';d]t kf]n]/ vfg] ub{y] . pgLx¿ v]tL ub{}gy] / :yfoL ¿kdf a;f]af; ub{}gy] t/ cfˆgf cfjZostf kl/k"lt{sf nflu hgfj/x¿sf] k|of]u eg] ub{y] . v= bf];|f] r/0f -aa{/ o'u_ dflg;x¿df ;Eotfsf] ljsf; gePsf] x'gfn] of] ;dfhnfO{ aa{/ o'u elgPsf] xf] . of] ;dodf dflg;x¿n] :yfoL a;f]af; ug'{sf ;fy} v]tLafnL nufpg;d]t ;'? u/] . ;fdfGotof pj{/ x'g] / l;FrfOsf nflu ;lhnf] x'g] x'Fbf pgLx¿ gbL lsgf/df v]tL ub{y] . pgLx¿n] kfgL lgoGq0fsf nflu afFw afFWg] sfo{klg ;'? u/] . o;n] of]hgfa4 ¿kdf v]tLsf] ljsf; ug{ ;3fof] . aN5Lsf] k|of]u u/L df5f dfg{], afF;sf] rf]ofaf6 6f]s/L agfpg], wft'sf xltof/ tyf df6fsf efF8fs'F8fsf];d]t k|of]u ug{ yfn] . hGd, d[To' tyf ljjfx h:tf ;+:sf/sf] ;'?jft x'g'sf ;fy} nf;nfO{ uf8\g] rngsf] ljsf; eof] . dflg;x¿ O{Zj/k|lt cf:yf /fVg yfn] . u= t];|f] r/0f -;Eo o'u_ of] cj:yfdf dflg;x¿n] pgLx¿sf] sl7g hLjgnfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug{ af6f] lgdf{0f ug'{sf ;fy} pGgt xltof/x¿ k|of]u ug{ yfn] . o;n] ;do;Fu} cf}Bf]lus ljsf;tkm{ pgLx¿nfO{ k|]l/t u¥of] . pgLx¿n] ljBfno tyf ljZjljBfnox¿ :yfkgf ug'{sf ;fy} sDkf; / lk|lG6ª k|];sf] klg ljsf; u/] . ;fgf ufpFx¿ 7'nf cf}Bf]lus ;x/x¿df kl/0ft eP . dfgjn] cfˆgf] hLjgnfO{ ;xh agfpg ljleGg cGj]if0fx¿ u/] klg o;n] dflg;x¿nfO{ wgL / ul/adf ljeQm u¥of] .

4 cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t ;efWoIf dxf]bo, ca d 5f]6s/Ldf ;dfh ljsf;sf ;sf/fTds kIfx¿sf af/]df rrf{ ub{5'. s= ;dfh ljsf; ;Fu;Fu} lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] tLj| ljsf; ePsf] 5 . o;sf] c;/af6 s'g} klg If]q c5'tf] 5}g . v= dflg;x¿df ;fd"lxs ;f]r / ;sf/fTds efjgfsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . u= pGgt ;dfhsf ;fy} pGgt ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . 3= wd{sf] ljsf; x'g'sf ;fy} wfld{s ;lxi0f'tf j[l4 ePsf] 5 . ª= x/If0f gofF gofF s'/fx¿sf] ljsf; eO/x]sf 5g\ o;n] dfgj hLjgnfO{ lgs} ;/n / ;xh agfO/x]sf] 5 . r= dflg;x¿sf] r]tgf:t/ lgs} ljsl;t ePsf] 5 . -hgfp 306L aH5 ._ o;/L cfw'lgs o'u;Dd cfOk'Ubf ;dfh cTofw'lgs ;'v;'ljwf;Fu hf]l8Psf] 5 eg] ltgLx¿n] lgDTofPsf b'Mv / ljgfz klg plQs} 5g\ . tL ;]jf;'ljwfx¿sf] plrt k|of]un] dfq dfgj hLjgnfO{ ;xh 9ª\un] cufl8 a9fpg ;xof]u ub{5 . d olt eGb} d]/f] dGtJo oxLF cGTo ub{5'. wGojfb † lqmofsnfk s= aa{/ / ;Eo ;dfhsf leGgtfx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . v= s] ;'v;'ljwf;Fu} cfw'lgs hLjgdf ;d:ofx¿ klg ylkPsf x'g\ < 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . u= tkfO{F+sf] ;dfhdf ePsf s'g} kfFr cf]6f kl/jt{gx¿ pNn]v ug'{xf];\ . cEof; tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\. s= ;Demgf yf¿n] s] ljifodf cfˆgf] ljrf/ k|:t't u/]sL lyOg\ < v= ;'?jftL r/0fdf dflg;x¿sf] hLjgz}nL s:tf] lyof] < u= dflg;x¿ lsg gbL lsgf/df v]tL ug{ ?rfpFy] < 3= cfw'lgs ;dfhsf ljz]iftfx¿ n]Vg'xf];\ . ª= ;dfh ljsf;sf ;sf/fTds kIfx¿ pNn]v ug'{xf];\ .

5 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & kl/of]hgf sfo{ sIffsf ljleGg ;fyLx¿nfO{ ;f]Wg'xf];\ . pgLx¿;Fu cfw'lgs ;dfhsf s'g s'g s'/fx¿ 5g\ kQf nufpg'xf];\ . tkfO{F+;Fu ePsf To:tf ;fwgx¿ s] s] 5g\ < tL klg pNn]v ug'{xf];\ / tnsf] tflnsf k"/f ug'{xf];\ M tkfO{F+;Fu ePsf ;fwgx¿ tkfO+{sf] ;fyL;Fu ePsf ;fwgx¿

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 6 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t kf7 @ ;fdflhsLs/0f dflg; ;dfhsf] cleGg cË xf] . ;dfhlagf dflg;sf] cl:tŒjsf] sNkgf klg ug{ ;lsFb}g . xfdL kl/jf/df hlGdG5f}+ / x'ls{G5f}+ . kl/jf/n] g} xfdLnfO{ efiff, c;n cfr/0f tyf ;dfhsf cGo ;b:ox¿k|lt ul/g] Jojxf/sfaf/]df l;sfpF5 . o;/L JolQmn] hGdb]lv g} l;Sb} cfPsf rfnrngx¿nfO{ ;+:sf/ elgG5 . xfd|f] k|fylds kf7zfnf 3/ xf] . 3/sf] jftfj/0f h:tf] 5, xfdL To:t} Jojxf/ l;Sb5f}+ . cfbz{ kfl/jfl/s jftfj/0fdf x's{]sf afnaflnsf pGgt Jojxf/o'Qm x'G5g\ eg] v/fa 3/fo;L jftfj/0fdf x's{]sf afnaflnsfsf] ;fdflhsLs/0f klg /fd|f] x'Fb}g . csf]{ zAbdf ;fdflhsLs/0f hLjgko{Gt rNg] k|lqmof xf] . o;af6 dflg;n] cfºgf] ;dfhsf d"No / rfnrngx¿ l;Sg] ub{5 . ;dfhdf k|rlnt d"NodfGotf, rfnrng / /Lltl/jfh a'emfpg], l;sfpg] / JolQmnfO{ ;fdflhs ;+/rgf cg's"n Jojxf/ ug{ ;Ifd agfpg] k|lj|mof g} ;fdflhsLs/0f xf] . o:tf] Jofjxfl/s 9fFrf JolQmn] gSsn u/]/, l;s]/ jf ;Nnfx ;'emfjsf dfWodaf6 l;Sg ;Sb5 . ;fdflhsLs/0fsf] tl/sfn] JolQmsf] ;Eotfsf] klg kl/ro lbG5 . ;dfh cg's"n Jojxf/sf ;DaGwdf tnsf b'O{ cf]6f pbfx/0fx¿sf] cWoog u/f}+ . pbfx/0f ! ;lngf ;fd'bflos ljBfnodf sIff ;ftdf cWoog ug{] d]wfjL ljBfyL{ x'g\ . ljBfnosf ;a} lzIfslzlIfsfx¿n] pgnfO{ dfof ug'{x'G5 . pgsf afcfdf ;/sf/L gf]s/L ug'{x'G5 . t;y{ ;lngfn] s'g} lsl;dsf] cefjsf] ;fdgf ug'{k/]sf] 5}g . pgsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿sf lardf /fd|f] d]nldnfk 5 . pgLx¿ a;]sf] ;dfh klg ;Eo, ;';+:s[t / Pscsf{nfO{ cfb/ / ;Ddfg ug{] lsl;dsf] 5 . ;dfhdf cfOk/]sf ;–;fgf ;d:ofx¿ klg ;dfhsf ;a} ;b:ox¿ ldn]/ ;dfwfg ub{5g\ . 7'nfnfO{ cfb/ ;Ddfg / ;fgfnfO{ dfof ug{] ;a}sf] afgLn] ;dfhsf ;a} afnaflnsfx¿ klg pRr ;+:sf/o'Qm Jojxf/ ub{5g\ . pQm ;dfhsf k|fo ;a} afnaflnsfx¿sf] z}lIfs pknlAw klg /fd|f] b]lvG5 . pbfx/0f @ ljqmd klg s'g} Pp6f ufpFsf] ;fd'bflos ljBfnos} 5fq x'g\ . pgL klg sIff ;ftdf g} k9\5g\ . pgsf] kl/jf/ cfly{s cefjdf lk/f]lnPsf] 5 . pgsf afcfdf lbg/ft ldlxg]t

7 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & ug'{x'G5 t/ kl/jf/sf kfFr ;b:osf cfjZostfx¿ k"/f ug{ pxfFx¿n] ;Sg'ePsf] 5}g . ul/aL / cefjsf] k|ToIf k|efj ljqmdsf] cWoogdf k/]sf] 5 . pgL;Fu kf7\ok':ts, sfkLsnd tyf ljBfno kf];fs cflbsf] /fd|f] k|aGw 5}g . t;y{ pgnfO{ k|foM ljBfno hfg dg nfUb}g . ;dfhsf ;b:ox¿ klg ljleGg axfgfdf em}emu8f ul//xG5g\ . Psn] csf{nfO{ cfb/;Ddfgsf ;fy Jojxf/ klg ub{}gg\ . oxL Jojxf/ pgLx¿sf ;Gtfgx¿n] klg l;s]sf 5g\ . t;y{ ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x¿sf lardf ljqmdsf] klg emu8f eO/xG5 . dflysf oL b'O{ cf]6f 36gfsf] cWoogaf6 s] k|:6 x'G5 eg] JolQm / ;dfhsf ;b:osf Jojxf/ / cfr/0fn] Pscsf{nfO{ k|ToIf ¿kdf k|efj kfl//x]sf x'G5g\ . ;fdflhsLs/0fn] JolQmnfO{ ;dfhdf 3'nldn x'g l;sfpg] tyf cfTdljZjf;df;d]t j[l4 u/fpF5 . ;fdflhsLs/0fsf dfWodx¿ ;fdflhsLs/0f Ps} k6s eO;Sg] ljifo xf]Og . of] t lg/Gt/ eO/x]sf] x'G5 . Ps k':tfaf6 csf{] k':tfdf x:tfGt/0f;d]t x'G5 . JolQmnfO{ ;fdflhsLs/0fdf ;3fpg] ljleGg tŒjx¿ x'G5g\ . o;nfO{ ;fdflhsLs/0fsf dfWodx¿ klg elgG5 . ;fdflhsLs/0fsf k|fylds dfWodx¿åf/f cgf}krfl/s ¿kdf ;fdflhsLs/0f x'G5 . oxfF xfdLn] :jrflnt ¿kdf ;fdflhsLs/0f l;Sg ;S5f}+ . JolQmn] c¿sf] gSsn u/]/ jf lgb{]zg kfngf ubf{ ub{} ;fdflhsLs/0f ug{ l;S5 . o;sf] lglZrt ljlw jf tl/sf x'Fb}g . csf{]tkm{ låtLo ;|f]tx¿sf dfWodaf6 cf}krfl/s ¿kdf ;fdflhsLs/0fsf tf}/tl/sfx¿ l;sfOG5 . ;fdflhsLs/0fsf dfWodx¿ k|fylds dfWodx¿ ™ cgf}krfl/s ¿kdf ;fdflhsLs/0f ug{ ;3fpg] ™ kl/jf/, ;fyL ;d"x, l5d]sL, gft]bf/, ljjfx, d]nfkj{ cflb . låtLo dfWodx¿ ™ cf}krfl/s ¿kdf ;fdflhsLs/0f ug{ ;3fpg] ;+:yfx¿ ™ ljBfno, ;fdflhs ;ª\3;+:yfx¿, 6f]n ;'wf/ ;ldltx¿, cfdf ;d"x, /fhgLlts bn, Snax¿, wfld{s ;+:yfx¿ cflb .

8 cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t lqmofsnfk s= ;fdflhsLs/0fsf nflu tkfO{F+n] u/]sf k|oTgx¿sf] ;"rL tof/ kfg'{xf];\ . v= s] ljBfno tyf sIffsf]7fdf ;fdflhsLs/0fsf] cEof; ug{ ;lsG5 < ;lsG5 eg] sxfF sxfF / s;/L ug{ ;lsG5 < ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . u= s'g} JolQmsf] Jojxf/ ;fdflhs jf c;fdflhs xf] eGg] s'/f s]n] dfkg ug{ ;lsG5 < 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . cEof; != tnsf jfSox¿ l7s eP -√_ / a]l7s eP -x_ lrGx lbg'xf];\. s= JolQm / ;dfh Pscsf{sf cleGg cËx¿ xf]Ogg\ . v= 3/ xfd|f] k|fylds kf7zfnf xf] . u= ;fdflhsLs/0f 3/aflx/sf] jftfj/0fdf dfq nfu' x'G5 . 3= c;n kfl/jfl/s jftfj/0fdf x's{]sf afnaflnsfsf] ;fdflhsLs/0f ;xh x'G5 . ª= ljBfnon] xfdLnfO{ ;fdflhsLs/0fsf tf}/tl/sfx¿ l;sfpF5 . @= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\M s= ;+:sf/ eg]sf] s] xf] < o;sf] ;'?jft sxfFaf6 x'G5 < v= xfd|f] hLjgdf ;fdflhsLs/0fsf] s] dxŒj 5 < u= ;fdflhsLs/0fsf låtLo dfWodx¿sfaf/]df rrf{ ug'{xf];\ . 3= …kl/jf/ JolQmsf] k|yd kf7zfnf xf]Ú k'li6 ug'{xf];\ . ª= ;fdflhsLs/0fsf cf}krfl/s / cgf}krfl/s dfWodsf lardf b'O{ cf]6f km/s 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ . r= s] ;fdflhsLs/0f lg/Gt/ rln/xg] k|lj|mof xf] < s;/L < ;fd'bflos sfo{ tkfO{F+sf] ;dfhdf pknAw ;fdflhsLs/0fsf dfWodx¿ pNn]v u/L ltgLx¿n] ul//x]sf ;fdflhsLs/0fsf lqmofsnfkx¿sf] ;"rL tof/ kf/L sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .

9 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & lkmlbd g= kf= kfFry/ @)&*–!)–)% Kof/L ;fyL ljlGbtf, w]/} w]/} ;Demgf † ltdLn] k7fPsf] kq d}n] cl:t g} kfPsf] lyPF . sfo{Jo:ttfn] ubf{ ;dodf g} ltdLnfO{ kq n]Vg EofOgF . o;sf nflu Ifdf rfxG5'. ltdL cf/fd 5\of} / cWoogdf nfluk/]sL 5f} eGg] yfxf kfpFbf cToGt xlif{t ePsL 5'. oxfF dnufot ;kl/jf/ cf/fd 5f}+ . ltdLn] lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf af/]df lh1f;f /fv]sL /lx5\of} . d ltdLnfO{ o;sf af/]df atfpF5' x} t . gful/sn] r'g]sf k|ltlglwx¿af6 rNg] zf;g Joj:yf g} k|hftflGqs Joj:yf xf] . o:tf] Joj:yfdf bnsf k|ltlglwx¿sf lardf :jtGq k|lt:kwf{ x'G5 . xfn g]kfnsf ;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txdf hgtfåf/f g} lgjf{lrt ;/sf/ ;~rfngdf 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg -@)&@_ n] ;ª\3Lo zf;g Joj:yf cjnDag u/L :yfgLo txdf g} cfly{s, k|zf;lgs tyf /fhgLlts clwsf/x¿ k|bfg u/]sf] s'/fdf ltdL klg hfgsf/ g} 5\of} . o;sf nflu ufpFkflnsf, gu/kflnsf, lhNnf ;ef / lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnfleqsf ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsfx¿lardf ;dGjo ug{ k|To]s lhNnfdf lhNnf ;ef /xG5 . lhNnf ;efdf ufpFsfo{kflnsf cWoIf, pkfWoIf / gu/sfo{kflnsf k|d'v / pkk|d'v ;b:o /xG5g\ . ufpF;ef / gu/;efsf] lgjf{rgsf] clGtd kl/0ffd cfPsf] lt; lbgleq lhNnf ;efsf] klxnf] a}7s a:g'kb{5 . lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g k|lqmof lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g lgDgfg';f/ x'g] Joj:yf 5 M s= lhNnf ;efaf6 lgjf{lrt ! hgf– k|d'v v= lhNnf ;efaf6 lgjf{lrt ! hgf– pkk|d'v u= lhNnf ;efaf6 lgjf{lrt sDtLdf # hgf dlxnf– ;b:o 3= lhNnf ;efaf6 lgjf{lrt ! hgf blnt jf cNk;ª\Vos– ;b:o ª= lhNnf ;efaf6 lgjf{lrt cGo # hgf– ;b:o kf7 #lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 10 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t t/ ufpF;ef jf gu/;efsf] ;b:o dfq lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] kbflwsf/Lsf] pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpF5 . Ps k6s u7g ePsf] ;ldltsf] cjlw kfFr jif{sf] x'g] 5 . ca d ltdLnfO{ o;/L ul7t ;ldltsf] e"ldsfsfaf/]df atfpF5'. s= lhNnfleqsf ;Dk"0f{ kflnsfx¿lar ;dGjo ug{] . v= ljsf; lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfo{df ;Gt'ng sfod ug{ ;f]sf] cg'udg ug{] . u= lhNnfdf /xg] ;ª\3Lo / k|b]z ;/sf/L sfof{no / ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsflardf ;dGjo ug{] . 3= k|b]z sfg'gadf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x¿ ug{] . ljlGbtf, ltdLnfO{ lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsfaf/]df k|:6 eof] xf]nf . cGo s'g} ljifodf ;d:of eP k'gM kqdf n]v . d}n] hfg]sf s'/fx¿ cjZo g} ltdLnfO{ atfpg] 5' . k9fOnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbFb} hfpm . cfhnfO{ olt . pxL ltd|L ;fyL, hfGjL lqmofsnfk s= tkfO{F a;]sf] lhNnfsf] lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltn] u/]sf sfo{x¿ vf]hL u/L sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ . v= s] Pp6f kflnsf / csf{] kflnsfsf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{df ;dGjo ug'{ cfjZos 5 < 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . cEof; tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\M s= lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] Joj:yf sxfF ul/Psf] 5 < v= lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] u7g k|lqmof pNn]v ug'{xf];\ . u= lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltn] s] s] sfo{x¿ ub{5 < o;sf sfo{x¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . kl/of]hgf sfo{ tkfO{F+ a;]sf] lhNnfsf] lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] gfd vf]hL u/L sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .

11 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & lzj;tf;L dfWolds ljBfnodf sIff & df cWoog ug{] ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx¿ ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x¿sfaf/]df ;d"xut ¿kdf 5nkmn ub{} 5g\ . ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ hDdf rf/ cf]6f ;d"xdf ljefhg u/L 5nkmnsf] lgisif{ k|:t't ug{ elgPsf] 5 . klxnf] ;d"xaf6 hfgsL s7]tn] cfˆgf] ;d"xsf] lgisif{ k|:t't u/]sL 5g\ . hfgsL s7]t u'?ju{ tyf d]/f Kof/f ;xkf7L ;fyLx¿ † d xfd|f] ;d"xnfO{ k/]sf] ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/ lzIffsf af/]df s'/f ug'{cl3 ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/ eg]sf] s] xf] eGg]af/]df s]xL s'/f atfpg' ;fGble{s 7fGb5'. ljsf; eg]sf] s'g} klg If]qdf cfPsf] ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g xf] . ljsf; jt{dfg cj:yfdf ck]Iff ul/Psf] ;'wf/;Fu ;DalGwt x'G5 . ljsf;s} sf/0f JolQm, kl/jf/, ;dfh, b]z tyf ljZj cufl8 al9/x]sf] x'G5 . ljsf;n] ef}lts kIfdf dfq hf]8 glbO{ ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts kl/jt{gnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 . d'n'ssf] ;du| pGgltsf nflu geO{ gx'g] k"jf{wf/x¿nfO{ ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/ elgG5 . lzIff, :jf:Yo, oftfoft, ;~rf/, ljB't, vfg]kfgL cflb ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x¿ x'g\ . ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/sf ¿kdf lzIff dflg;sf] r]tgfdf g} kl/jt{g NofO{ ;du| kl/jt{gsf] 9f]sf lzIffn] vf]Nb5 . lzIffsf dfWodaf6 xfdLn] cfkm"df cGt/lglxt k|ltefnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg ;S5f}+ . lzIffs} sf/0fn] xfdLn] gofF gofF cj;/x¿sf] vf]hL ug{ ;Sb5f}+ . lzIff hLjg ko{Gt rln/xg] k|lj|mof xf] . o;n] JolQmnfO{ hLjg lhpg] snf l;sfpF5 . lzIff k|fKt ug'{ eg]sf] k|df0fkq e]nf kfg'{ dfq xf]Og . 1fg, l;k xfl;n u/]/ hLjgnfO{ ;'vL, v';L / ;d'Ggt agfpg' klg xf] . lzIffs} sf/0f b]znfO{ cfjZos $xfd|f ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x¿M lzIff / :jf:Yo kf7

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 12 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t hgzlQm tof/ kfg{ ;lsG5 . k|fs[lts ;|f]t;fwgx¿sf] pRrtd kl/rfng u/L b]zsf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu ;Ifd hgzlQm cfjZos x'G5 . lzIff cf}krfl/s, cgf}krfl/s tyf clgoldt tj/af6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . ljBfnoLo lzIff cf}krfl/s lzIff xf] eg] 3/kl/jf/, ;dfh cflbaf6 ck|ToIf ¿kdf k|fKt x'g] 1fg cgf}krfl/s lzIff xf] . To:t} lagfof]hgf cyjf cfsl:ds ¿kdf ul/Psf] l;sfOnfO{ clgoldt lzIff elgG5 . cfhef]ln j}slNks dfWod -v'nf lzIff, b"/ lzIff cflb_af6;d]t lzIff k|fKt ug{] k|rng /lxcfPsf] 5 . g]kfndf lzIffsf] Oltxf; Tolt nfdf] 5}g . /f0ffzf;s hª\uaxfb'/n] cfˆg} ;GtltnfO{ c+u]|hL k9fpg] p2]Zon] v'n]sf] b/af/ :s'n g]kfnsf] klxnf] kf7zfnf dflgG5 . x'g t o;eGbf cl3 u'?s'n tyf b]js'n h:tf tl/sfaf6 l;sfO ;~rfng x'GYof] . /f0ff zf;gsf] cGTo;Dddf g]kfnsf] ;fIf/tf b/ @ k|ltzt dfq lyof] t/ To;kl5 lzIffdf ePsf] cfd"n kl/jt{gsf sf/0f xfn g]kfnsf] ;fIf/tf lgs} j[l4 eP klg cem} ;'wf/ ug'{kg{] b]lvG5 . lj= ;+= @)^* sf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfnsf] ;fIf/tf ^%=( /x]sf] lyof] o;df k'?if / dlxnf ;fIf/tf qmdzM &%=! / %&=$ /x]sf] lyof] . olt eGb} d cfˆgf] egfO cGTo ub{5'. wGojfb . :jf:YoM ch'{g /Dt]n u'?ju{ tyf d]/f Kof/f ;xkf7L ;fyLx¿ † cfh d xfd|f] ;d"xnfO{ k/]sf] ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/cGtu{tsf] :jf:Yosf ljifodf ;d"xsf] k|ltlglwTj u/L af]Nb}] 5'. ljsf; ug{sf nflu :j:y hgzlQmsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . :jf:YonfO{ wgsf ¿kdf klg lng] ul/G5 lsgeg] :j:y JolQmn] dfq sfd ug{ ;S5 . kmntM ck]Iff ul/Psf] k|ltkmn k|fKt x'G5 . :j:y /xgsf nflu ;Gt'lnt ef]hg, c;n cfxf/ljxf/, lgoldt of]u tyf Jofofd, ;+qmfds /f]udf sdL / la/fdL x'Fbf plrt cf}iflw pkrf/sf] cfjZostf kb{5 . ;Gt'lnt ef]hg, c;n cfxf/ljxf/, lgoldt of]u tyf Jofofd, a]n}df k|fKt cf}iflw pkrf/ cflbsf sf/0f JolQm lg/f]uL x'g'sf ;fy} cf};t cfo';d]t j[l4 x'G5 . ljleGg

13 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & tYofÍx¿n] xfn g]kfnLx¿sf] cf};t cfo' qmdzM j[l4 x'Fb} uO/x]sf] b]vfPsf 5g\ . o;sf] sf/0f g]kfnsf tNnf txx¿df;d]t :jf:Yo ;'ljwf pknAwtf ePsf] 5 . tflndk|fKt :jf:YosdL{x¿n] ;]jf lbO/x]sf 5g\ eg] dflg;x¿;d]t :jf:Yok|lt yk rgfvf] eO/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf k|To]s :yfgLo txx¿n] cfˆgf gful/sx¿nfO{ Go"gtd cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo ;]jf k'¥ofpg sf]lz; ul//x]sf 5g\ eg] sltko :yfgLo txx¿n] c:ktfn;d]t ;~rfng u/]sf 5g\ . o:tf c:ktfnx¿df cfˆgf gful/sx¿nfO{ s]xL 5'6;d]t k|bfg ug{] u/]sf 5g\ . o;af6 dflg;x¿df :jf:Yo ;]jf lng] hfu?stf;d]t a9]sf] 5 . oL ofjt sf/0fx¿n] ubf{ xfn g]kfnsf] cf};t cfo' &@ jif{ k'u]sf] 5 -;|f]t !% cf}+ of]hgf, @)&^÷&& –)*)÷)*!_ . :jf:Yo ;]jf ljefusf cg';f/ xfn g]kfndf !@% cf]6f c:ktfn, !(* cf]6f k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|x¿, #*)* :jf:Yo rf}sL, @(( cf]6f ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo s]Gb|x¿ / !^,$#@ hgf 8fS6/x¿sf] ;ª\Vof /x]sf] 5 . of] 5f]6f] hfgsf/L;Fu} d cfºgf] egfO cGTo ub{5' . wGojfb † lqmofsnfk s= tn lbOPsf] ;dfrf/ cWoog ug'{xf];\ / lbOPsf k|Zgx¿df 5nkmn ug'{xf];\M s'g} ;dodf kfNkfsf] x;gk'/ ufpF clzIff, a]/f]huf/L, cGwljZjf; nufotsf ;d:ofx¿af6 u'lh|/x]sf] lyof] . ufpFdf dflg;x¿ la/fdL x'Fbf wfdLemfFqmL sxfF hfGy] . To;sf/0f slt dflg;x¿sf] csfnd} d[To' eof] . ufpFdf lr7Lkq kl9lbg] dflg;x¿;d]t kfpg d'l:sn lyof] . ufpFs} s]xL hfu?s o'jfx¿ ldn]/ ljBfno :yfkgf ug{] kxn ug{ yfn] . pgLx¿n] lzIff;DaGwL ljleGg lgsfodf cfˆgf ;d:ofx¿ /fv] . kmn:j¿k ufpFdf ljBfno :yfkgf eof] . ufpFdf gofF gofF lzIfslzlIfsfx¿ cfpg'eof] . ufpFsf ;a} afnaflnsfx¿ ljBfno hfg yfn] . pgLx¿sf cleefjsn];d]t k9fOsf] dxŒj a'em]/ k|f}9 lzIff k9\g ;do 5'6\ofP . xfn ufpFdf w]/}h;f] dflg;x¿ ;fIf/ eO;s]sf 5g\ . df]afOn, SofNs'n]6/ h:tf b}lgs hLjgdf ckl/xfo{ ;fdu|Lx¿ rnfpg l;s]sf 5g\ . s]xL ;docufl8 htftt} b]lvg] kmf]xf]/ xfn st} b]lvFb}g . 3/, ufpF tyf jftfj/0f ;kmf 5 . dflg;x¿ ;fIf/ ePsf sf/0f pgLx¿sf] cfDbfgL klg a9]sf] 5 eg] ;fdflhs ;d:ofdf klg sdL cfPsf] 5 . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf ljleGg sfo{x¿df dflg;x¿sf] ;xeflutf k|z:t a9]sf] 5 .

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 14 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t k|Zgx¿ c= lzIffsf] cefjdf x;gk'/ ufpFdf s] s] ;d:ofx¿ lyP < cf= s] pQm ufpFsf afl;Gbfx¿ v';L xf]nfg\ < v= dfgf} 3/af6 6f9f /x]sL tkfO{FsL alxgL tof/L vfg]s'/fx¿ (Junk food) k|z:t vflG5g\. pgL vfg], ;'Tg] tyf Jofofd cflbh:tf s'/fx¿df nfk/jfxL ul5{g\ / pgsf] :jf:Yo klg /fd|f] 5}g . :jf:Yosf] dxŒj bzf{pFb} cfºgL alxgLnfO{ lr7L n]Vg'xf];\. cEof; tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\. s= ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/sf] kl/ro lbg'xf];\ . v= lzIffnfO{ lsg ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/sf ¿kdf lnOPsf] xf] < u= …:jf:Yo g} wg xf]Ú of] egfOnfO{ pbfx/0f;lxt k'li6 ug'{xf];\ . 3= lzIfflagf dflg;sf] hLjgdf cfOkg{] ;d:ofx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . ª= :j:y /xg s] s:tf tf}/tl/sfx¿ ckgfpg ;lsG5 < ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . r= s] lzlIft / :j:y dflg; b]z ljsf;sf cfwf/ x'g\ < s;/L < kl/of]hgf sfo{ tkfO{F+sf] kl/jf/ jf ;dfhsf jof]j[4 ;b:ox¿;Fu s'/fsfgL ug'{xf];\ . pxfFx¿n] ef]u]sf] ljut / jt{dfgsfaf/]df t'ngfTds ljj/0f tof/ kf/L sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .

15 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & ljBfyL{ efOalxgLx¿ xf] † xfdLn] cl3Nnf] kf7df ;d"xut 5nkmnkl5 hfgsL s7]tn] lzIffsfaf/]df / ch{'g /Dt]nn] :jf:Yosfaf/]df u/]sf] k|:t'tLs/0f cWoog u¥of}+ . ca xfdL o; kf7df oftfoft / ;~rf/sfaf/]df 5nkmn ug{] 5f}+ . t];|f] ;d"xaf6 k|ltlglwTj ub{} sdf{ nfdfn] oftfoft / rf}yf] ;d"xaf6 lagf rf}w/Ln] ;~rf/sfaf/]df k|:t't ug{] 5g\ . sdf{ nfdfM oftfoft u'?ju{ tyf d]/f Kof/f ;xkf7L ;fyLx¿ † dnfO{ cfˆgf] ;d"xaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug{] df}sf lbg'ePsfdf oxfFx¿nfO{ xflb{s wGojfb lbg rfxG5'. dflg;x¿nfO{ s'g} Ps :yfgaf6 csf{] :yfg;Dd ;lhn} cfjthfjt ug{ jf ;fdfg 9'jfgL ug{ k|of]u ul/g] ;fwgx¿ oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿ x'g\ . ;8s oftfoft, xjfO{ oftfoft, hn oftfoft, s]ansf/, /f]k j] cflb oftfoftsf k"jf{wf/x¿ x'g\ . g]kfnsf ;Gbe{df hn oftfoftsf] k|of]u guGo dfqfdf dfq ePsf] 5 eg] xfn;fn} yf]/} eP klg /]ndfu{;d]t tof/ eO;s]sf] 5 . oftfoftsf ljleGg ;fwgx¿ ;~rfngsf nflu ;8s dfu{, hndfu{, /]ndfu{ tyf /Hh'dfu{ cflbsf] Joj:yf ul/g'kb{5 . o;af6 dflg;x¿ ;lhn} Ps 7fpFaf6 csf{] 7fpFdf hfg cfpg ;Sb5g\ . cfkm"n] pTkfbg u/]sf ;fdu|Lx¿ cf];f/k;f/ ug{ / laj|mLljt/0f ug{;d]t ;Sb5g\ . r':t oftfoftn] pBf]uwGbf ;~rfngdf;d]t ;xof]u ub{5 . pBf]ux¿n] cfkm"nfO{ rflxg] sRrf kbfy{ ;lhn} Nofpg ;S5g\ eg] pTkflbt j:t';d]t ljleGg 7fpFdf k'¥ofpg'kg{] x'G5 . o;/L oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿n] cy{tGqnfO{ rnfodfg agfpF5g\ . ;fy} :jf:Yo, lzIff cflb h:tf ;'ljwf pkef]usf nflu;d]t oftfoftsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . olt eGb} d d]/f ljrf/x¿ oxLF cGTo ub{5'. wGoafb † %xfd|f ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x¿M oftfoft / ;~rf/ kf7

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 16 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t lagf rf}w/LM ;~rf/ >4]o u'?ju{ tyf d]/f Kof/f ;fyLx¿ † cfh d cfˆgf] ;d"xsf] tkm{af6 ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/sf ¿kdf ;~rf/sfaf/]df af]Ng nflu/x]sf] 5'. ;~rf/ eg]sf] Ps JolQm;Fu ePsf hfgsf/L tyf ;"rgfx¿nfO{ csf{] JolQm;Dd k'¥ofpg] sfo{ xf] . cfw'lgs ;dfhdf ;~rf/sf] cToGt w]/} dxŒj 5 . ;"rgfsf] cfbfgk|bfg ug{ ;~rf/sf k"jf{wf/x¿sf] ljsf; ug'{kb{5 . sNkgf ug'{xf];\ t xfd|f k"j{hx¿ 306f}+ jf dlxgf}F nufP/ lxF8]/ ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg ug{] ub{y] t/ clxn] xfdL cfkm" a;]s} :yfgaf6 ;+;f/e/ ;"rgf hfgsf/Lx¿ lnglbg ;S5f}F . of] ;a} ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlwdf cfPsf] cfd"n kl/jt{gn] ;Dej ePsf] xf] . vf; u/L OG6/g]6sf] pknAwtfn] dflg;x¿nfO{ w]/} s'/fdf ;xhtf NofOlbPsf] 5 . ;"rgf, ljrf/ tyf hfgsf/Lx¿ t'?Gt} csf{];Dd k'¥ofpg' clxn]sf] cfjZostf xf] . xfdL ;"rgflagf afFRg g;Sg] eO;s]sf 5f}+ . o;} sf/0f xfdL 6]lnkmf]g, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg, kqklqsf tyf OG6/g]6 cflb h:tf ;~rf/sf ;fwgx¿df cEo:t alg/x]sf 5f}+ . Tolt dfq geO{ ljleGg ;fdflhs ;~hfndf hf]l8P/ Pscsf{df ;"rgf hfgsf/Lx¿ ;f6f;f6 ug{], ;ª\ul7t ug{] ub{5fF} . ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]uaf6 cfhsf] b'lgofFdf /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs cflb h:tf 7'nf kl/jt{gx¿;d]t eO/x]sf 5g\ . ;~rf/sf] tLj| ljsf;sf] sf/0f cfhsf] o'u ljZj u|fd (Globle Village) ePsf] 5 . oL ljrf/x¿sf ;Fu;Fu} d d]/f egfO oxLF cGTo ub{5'. wGoafb . lqmofsnfk s= oftfoftsf ;fwgsf sf/0f tkfO{F+sf] kl/jf/, ;d'bfo / ;dfhdf k/]sf ;sf/fTds k|efjx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . v= sIffsf ;fyLx¿ ;–;fgf ;d"xdf ljeflht x'g'xf];\ . OG6/g]6sf] k|of]usf kmfObf tyf a]kmfObfx¿af/]df 5nkmn ug'{xf]; / lgisif{ sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ . u= s] tkfO{Fsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿ OG6/g]6sf] k|of]u ug'{x'G5 < pxfFx¿;Fu ;f]wvf]h u/L OG6/g]6sf] k|of]uaf6 pxfFx¿sf] hLjgdf k/]sf ;sf/fTds kl/jt{gx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ .

17 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & cEof; tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ . s= oftfoft s;/L ljsf;sf] k"jf{wf/ xf] < v= tkfO{F+n] k|of]u ug{] oftfoftsf ;fwgx¿sf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . logLx¿sf] cefjdf tkfO{F+sf] hLjgdf s] s:tf ;d:of cfpFy] xf]nf < u= tkfO{F jf tkfO{Fsf] kl/jf/] ;~rf/sf s'g s'g ;fwgx¿ k|of]u ug'{x'G5 < 3= s] ;~rf/sf ;fwg lagf cfhsf] dflg;sf] hLjg ck"0f{ x'G5 < s;/L < ;fd'bflos sfo{ sDtLdf kfFr hgfsf] ;d"x agfpg'xf];\ . tkfO{F a;]sf] :yfgLo tx -ufpF jf gu/_ n] ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;df u/]sf k|oTg, k|ltkmn / To;n] ;dfhdf kf/]sf] ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds k|efjsfaf/]df ;f]wvf]h u/L l/kf]6{ tof/ ug'{xf];\ / sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ . kflnsfn] u/]sf sfo{x¿ k|ult ÷ k|ltkmn ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g gsf/fTds kl/jt{g

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 18 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t Onfd lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf] ;Defjgfsfaf/]df cWoog ug'{xf];\M Ps gDa/ k|b]zcGtu{tsf] Pp6f kxf8L lhNnf Onfd k|fs[lts / ;f+:s[lts ljljwtfn] el/k"0f{ lhNnf xf] . k"j{klZrd /fhdfu{cGtu{t rf/cfnLaf6 d]rL /fhdfu{df &* lsnf]ld6/ b"/L kf/ u/]kl5 lhNnf ;b/d'sfd k'luG5 . ef/tsf] bflh{lnª;Fu ;Ldf hf]l8Psf] Onfddf xNsf le/fnf kxf8 / ;;fgf y'Dsfy'DsLdf b]lvPsf] xl/ofnL Pj+ :jR5 xfjfkfgLsf sf/0f oxfF ko{6sx¿ ;lhn} cfslif{t x'G5g\ . ;Gbsk'/, l5Gtfk', >LcGt', sGofd lrof aufg, uh'/d'vL tyf l;l4y'Dsf h:tf ko{6sLo ;Defjgfo'Qm 7fpFx¿ klg oxfF 5g\ . ljZjd} b'n{e dflgPsf] /]8 kf08f klg oxfFsf] cfsif{0f xf] . Onfddf nfKrf, /fO{, lnDa", a|fXd0f, IfqL, u'?Ë, z]kf{, g]jf/ cflbsf] a;f]af; 5 . ;+:s[lt;DaGwL cWoog ug{] s'g} klg JolQmsf nflu of] /fd|f] cfsif{0f x'g ;S5 . Onfddf ;ft …cÚ eg]/ lrlgg] cn}+rL, cb'jf, cyf{]8S; lrof, csa/] v';f{gL, cf]ng -b'w_, cld|;f] tyf cfn'n] cfly{s pGgltsf] k|z:t ;Defjgf af]s]sf] 5 . oxfF kz'kfng, Jofkf/ / /f]huf/L cflbsf] klg /fd|f] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 . oxfF pTkflbt lrof ljZj ahf/sf ;fy;fy} g]kfn / ef/tdf klg vkt x'G5 . oxfFsf] b"Uw pTkfbgsf] ahf/ klg lgs} lj:tf/ eO;s]sfn] ls;fgx¿n] lgs6 eljiodf g} lgs} 7'nf] cfly{s k|ult ug{ ;S5g\ . 7'nf kf7 ^ljsf;sf ;Defjgfx¿

19 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & gbLx¿sf ¿kdf dfO{, hf]udfO{ tyf k'jfdfO{ /x]sf 5g\ . oL gbLx¿af6 ;of}F d]ufjf6 lah'nL pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . oL gbLx¿n] l;FrfOdf klg k|z:t e"ldsf v]Nb5g\ . s[lifnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ ;s] oxfFsf ls;fgx¿n] k|z:t kmfObf lng] s'/fdf b'O{dt 5}g . lqmofsnfk s= tkfO{F+sf] lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf s] s:tf ;Defjgfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ < rrf{ ug'{xf];\ . v= tkfO{F+sf] lhNnfdf ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/sf] pknAwtfsf af/]df vf]hL u/L n]Vg'xf];\ . u= tkfO{F+sf] lhNnfsf] ;du| k|ultsf nflu eljiodf tkfO{F+ s] ug{ rfxg'x'G5 < Ps cg'R5]b n]Vg'xf];\ . 3= ljleGg ;d"xdf ljeflht eO{ tkfO+{sf] lhNnfdf ljsf;sf ;Defjgfx¿ / eO/x]sf ljsf;sf sfo{x¿sf lardf t'ngf ug'{xf];\ . lhNnfdf ePsf ;Defjgfx¿nfO{ jf:tljstfdf kl/0ft ug{ s] s] ug'{knf{ <

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 20 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t PsfO @ xfd|f dfgjd"No / dfGotfx¿ l;sfO pknlAw ó Dffgjd"No cfTd;ft u/L dfgj ;]jfsf] efjgf hfu[t ug{, ó xfd|f ;fdflhs tyf wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿;Fu kl/lrt eO{ ;f]xL cg'¿k Jojxf/ ug{, ó xfd|f ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfhx¿sf] vf]hL / ;+/If0f ug{, ó /fli6«o ;/f]sf/sf ljifok|lt ;r]t /xg / /fi6«sf] ;Ddfg / /fli6«otfsf] hu]gf{ ug{, ó g]kfnsf k|]/0ffbfos /fli6«o JolQmTjx¿sf] vf]hL u/L ;Ddfg ug{ / pgLx¿sf] sfdaf6 k|]/0ff lng, ó rl/q lgdf{0fdf afnSnax¿sf] e"ldsf vf]hL ug{ / ;xefuL x'g .

21 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & c/lgsf] ljBfnodf sIff ;ftdf cWoog ug{] ljBfyL{x¿ ljBfnodf labf eO;s]kl5 Ps;fy 3/ kmls{+b} lyP . pgLx¿n] af6fdf kg{] rf}tf/fdf Ps hgf of]uLnfO{ e]6] . of]uLn] pgLx¿nfO{ atfPsf s'/fx¿sf] cWoog u/f}+ x} t Û xfdL ;fdflhs k|f0fL xf}+ . xfdL x/]snfO{ ;dfhdf ;xh ¿kdf hLjgofkg ug{ Pscsf{sf] ;fy / ;xof]u rflxG5 . s'g} klg JolQm cfkm}+df k"0f{ x'Fb}g . cfˆgf cfjZostfx¿ k"/f ug{ xfdLnfO{ cGo JolQmx¿sf] ;xof]u rflxG5 . ;xof]uL efjgfn] ;dfhdf cfk;L d]nldnfk / ;b\efj sfod /fVg ;xof]u ub{5 . xfdLn] c¿af6 ;xof]u lng] dfq geO cfjZos ;xof]u lbg] klg ug'{k5{ . ;dfhsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ cfOk/]sf ;a} ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg ;fd"lxs ¿kdf ug{ ;s]df dfq cfk;L ;DaGw dha't x'G5 . dfgj eP/ lg::jfy{ ¿kdf sfo{ ug'{, cfˆgf] st{Jo k"/f ug'{, c¿k|lt bofefj /fVg', Odfgbf/ aGg', Pscsf{k|lt ;lxi0f' Jojxf/ ug'{ cflb dfgjd"Nox¿ x'g\ . elgG5, ;]jf g} wd{ xf] . wd{n] s;}nfO{ e]befj ub{}g lsgls xfdL ;a} ;[li6sf ;dfg l;h{gf xf}+ . dfgjLo d"Non] ;w}F ;]jfefjsf] ck]Iff /fVb5 . o:tf] ;]jf lg::jfy{ x'g'kb{5 . dfgjd"No cGtu{t lgDg tŒjx¿ kb{5g\ . k|]d k|]d dfgj hLjgsf] dxŒjk"0f{ kIf xf] . of] cGo dfgjd"No / sfo{x¿nfO{ Pslqt ug]{ zlQm klg xf] . ;Dk"0f{ ;[li6sf] cfwf/ g} k|]d xf] . of] dgsf] ulx/fOaf6 :jtM k|jfx eP/ kf7 ! dfgjd"No / ;]jf dfgjd"No clx+;f zflGt ;To k|]d lg::jfy{ ;]jf

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 22 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cfpFbf dflg;nfO{ cfgGb ldN5 . k|]dn] dflg;nfO{ ;Dk"0f{ dfgjd"Nox¿sf] cEof; ug{ clek|]l/t ub{5 . Pstf, s?0ff, ;xfg'e"lt, ;Ddfg h:tf s'/fx¿ k|]dsf Jofjxfl/s cleJolQm x'g\ . k|]ds} sf/0f cGt/;DaGw / cfk;L ;b\efj ;Dej x'G5g\ . ;sf/fTds ;f]rsf] ljsf; klg k|]daf6 g} ;'? x'G5 . To;}n] dflg; ;[li6sf] ;j{>]i7 k|f0fL ePsf] gftfn] k|]dnfO{ dflg;–dflg;lar dfq ;Lldt g/fvL ;Dk"0f{ hLj, jg:klt / w/tLnfO{ g} k|]defjn] x]g{' cfjZos 5 . k|]d lg::jfy{ ePdf xfdLdf Pstf sfod x'G5 . lg::jfy{ k|]dsf af/]df dnfO{ Pp6f /dfOnf] syf :d/0f eof] . ;'gf}+ x} t . s'g} 7fpFdf Ps hgf o'jsn] ;'Gb/L o'jtL;Fu ljjfx u/] . ljjfx u/]sf] s]xL ;do kl5 o'jtLnfO{ 5fnfsf] /f]u nfUof] . o;n] pgnfO{ lbg–k|ltlbg s'¿k agfpFb} nUof] . Ps lbgsf] s'/f xf], o'js s'g} sfd ljz]ifn] ;x/ aflx/ hfg'kg]{ eof] . kms{+bf pgL Pp6f b'Mvb b'36{gfdf k/] . pgn] b'j} cfFvfsf] Hof]lt u'dfP . oBlk pgLx¿sf] j}jflxs ;DaGw ;bf em}+ hf/L /Xof] . ;doqmd;Fu} o'jtLnfO{ /f]un] ufFHb} nUof] . pgL emg\ emg\ s'¿k x'g nflug\ . b[li6 u'dfPsf o'jsnfO{ of] s'/f kQ} ePg . g t o;n] pgLx¿sf] ;DaGwdf s'g} c;/ kfof]{ . cGttM pQm /f]us} sf/0f o'jtLsf] d[To' eof] . o'jsn] pgsf] bfx;+:sf/ u/L sfh–lsl/of klg ;DkGg u/] . o'js pQm 7fpF 5f]8]/ cGoq st} hfg rfxGy] . Ps hgf l5d]sLn] pgnfO{ ;f]w], …ltdL ca s;/L afFR5f} < lxF88'n s;/L u5f}{ < ltd|L kTgLsf] d2tn] dfq ltd|f] hLjg ;lhnf] ePsf] lyof] .Ú of] s'/f ;'g]/ b[li6ljxLg o'jsn] hjfkm kmsf{P, …d b[li6ljxLg xf]Og . d]/f b'j} cfFvf ;xL;nfdt 5g\ . d}n] t b[li6ljxLg ePsf] gf6s dfq ul//x]sf] lyPF . d}n] pgsf] ¿k lalu|Psf] s'/f b]v]sf] lyPF eGg] pgn] yfxf kfPsf] eP pgnfO{ cfˆgf] /f]usf] eGbf a9L kL8f ;f] s'/fsf] x'g] lyof] . d}n] pgsf] aflx/L ;'Gb/tfnfO{ geP/ pgn] ug]{ dfof, cfb/ / leqL ;'Gb/tfnfO{ dfof u/]sf] lyPF . To;}n] d}n] o:tf] gf6s u/]+ . d pgsf] v';L rfxGy]+ .Ú zflGt dfgl;s / cflTds ¿kdf zfGt x'g' tyf h:tf];'s} cj:yfdf ;defj sfod ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf zflGtsf] Jofjxfl/s kIf xf] . dflg; eP/ hlGdPkl5 dgdf gsf/fTds ;f]r klg pTkGg x'g' :jfefljs g} xf] t/ zflGtsf] cEof;n] c;xh kl/:yltx¿ klg ;xh eP/

23 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & hfG5g\ . xfd|f] dg zfGt ePdf ;d:ofdf klg ;Defjgfx¿ b]vf kg{ yfN5g\, cfkm" zfGt /x]df c¿nfO{ klg zfGt efjn] Jojxf/ ug{ ;lsG5 . o;n] ubf{ xfdLn] ug]{ sfo{ klg ljj]sk"0f{ x'G5 . xfdL xfd|f] dgnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;S5f}+ . kmn:j¿k ldqtf, ;b\efj / ;dfgtf h:tf s'/f Jofjxfl/s ¿kd} ;Dej x'G5g\ . o;f] x'Fbf dflg;n] nf]e, l/;, df]x / s'sfo{ h:tf s'/faf6 5'6sf/f k|fKt ub{5 . ;To ;To af]Ng', Odfgbf/ x'g', lgi7fefjn] ;Tsd{ ug{' o; d"Nosf ljz]iftfx¿ x'g\ . dflg;sf Jojxf/ j/k/ 36\g] 36gf / kl/l:yltx¿nfO{ s'g} tf]8df]8 gu/L h:tfsf] t:t} eGg], ;xL ;"rgf lbg', dgdf s'g} k"jf{u|xL ;f]r g/fVg' o;sf Jofjxfl/s kIf x'g\ . ;Totfdf ljZjf; ugf{n] cfk;L ;b\efj, efOrf/f, lgikIftf, ;lxi0f'tf / PstfnfO{ 6]jf k'¥ofpFb5 . ;Totfsf af/]df Pp6f /dfOnf] syf 5 . ;'gf}+ x} t . Psfb]zdf Ps hgf k|tfkL /fhf lyP . Ps lbg ck/fwLx¿nfO{ ;hfo ;'gfpFb} ubf{ pgsf] dgdf tL ck/fwLx¿n] u/]sf ck/fwsf] k|folZrQ u5{g\ jf ub}{gg\ eGg]af/]df yfxf kfpg] OR5f hfUof] . h;} pgLx¿nfO{ ;hfo lbOof] / ef]lnkN6 /fhf ck/fwLx¿sxfF uP/ ck/fwsf af/]df cem} yfxf kfpg] p2]Zon] pgLx¿nfO{ ;f]wk'5 ug{ nfu] . Ps hgf ck/fwLn] t'?Gt} d'v vf]Nof], …d}n] ck/fw u/]sf] 5}g, dxf/fh † d lgbf]{if 5' .Ú csf]{ ck/fwLn] klg cfkm" lgbf]{if ePsf] s'/f /fhf;fd' hfx]/ u¥of] . Ps–Ps ub}{ ;a} ck/fwLx¿n] cfkm" lgbf]{if ePsf] laGtL la;fpg nfu] . /fhfsf cfFvf clns k/ Pp6f s'gfdf uP/ 6Ss cl8P . Ps hgf ck/fwL lz/ lgx'/fP/ ;'FSs–;'FSs ub}{ /f]O/x]sf] b]v]kl5 /fhfn] ;f]w], ltdLnfO{ s] eof] < lsg To;/L /f]Psf] <Ú ck/fwLn] emg\ hf]8n] ?Fb} eGof], …dxf/fh d ul/a 5' . ul/aLn] lklN;Psf sf/0f d}n] d]/f afnaRrfnfO{ Ps 5fs v'jfpg rf]/L ug]{ b':;fx; ug{ k'u]+, d bf]ifL 5', dxf/fh . dnfO{ 7'nf] cfTdUnflg 5 .Ú /fhfn] p;sf] dd{ a'lemxfn] . ck/fwLsf] o:tf] k|folZrQ ;'g]/ /fhfn] p;nfO{ t'?Gt} dfkmL lbP / l/xf u/] . p;nfO{ s]xL k};f / vfg]s'/fsf] alS;; klg lbP .

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 24 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t lg::jfy{ ;]jf hutsf] enfOsf nflu ul/Psf] lg::jfy{ sfo{ g} ;]jf xf] . c¿nfO{ lagf:jfy{ ;3fpg] sfo{ ;]jf xf] . ;]jfefjn] k/f]ksf/sf] sd{;Fu ;DaGw /fVb5 . sdhf]/, czQm, bLgxLg, ckfËtf ePsf, Ho]i7 gful/s, ul/a cflbnfO{ xfdLn] cfjZos ;xof]u ug'{kb{5 . h:t} ;x/df af6f] sf6\g vf]lh/x]sL Pp6L j[4 cfdfnfO{ ;xof]u u/L xfdL ;]jfefj k|bz{g ug{ ;S5f}+ . clx+;f lx+;f gug{', sf6df/, cGofo jf s;}sf] clxt x'g] sfd gug{' g} clx+;f xf] . xfd|f] ljrf/, af]nL / sfdn] s;}nfO{ cf3ft gk'¥ofpg' g} clx+;fsf] Jofjxfl/s kIf x'g\ . clx+;fdf ljZjf; ug]{ dfG5] ;xgzLn x'G5 . ljljwtfsf] ;Ddfg ug{'sf ;fy} ;Dk"0f{ k|f0fLx¿df Pstf rfxG5 . dxfg\ ljrf/s dxfTdf ufGwL clx+;fsf k'hf/L lyP . s'g} klg ;d:of / åGåsf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgnfO{ pgL 7'nf] pknlAw dfGby] . lx+;f / wDsLn] Ifl0fs zlQm / lgoGq0f t ;Dej x'G5 t/ ;Ddfg k|fKt x'Fb}g . ;Ddfg k|fKt ug{sf nflu d]nldnfk / clx+;fsf] af6f] /f]Hg'kb{5 . gfgLafa'x¿ † ltdLx¿sf] lgs} ;do lnP/ d}n] cfbz{ hLjgsf nflu ckl/xfo{ tŒjx¿sf af/]df hfgsf/L lbPF . cfzf 5, ltdLx¿n] oL s'/fnfO{ lz/f]wfo{ u/L b}lgs hLjgdf k|of]u ug{] g} 5f} . of]uLhLnfO{ wGojfb lbFb} ljBfyL{x¿ cfˆgf] af6f] nfu] . lqmofsnfk s= ;]jfefj ;DaGwdf tnsf] syf cWoog ug'{xf];\M Ps k6s Pp6f 5f]/fn] cfˆgf afa'nfO{ xf]6ndf a]n'sLsf] vfgf v'jfpg lnP/ uof] . afa' j[4 / lgs} sdhf]/ lyP . vfgf cfof] . ;a} hgf cfˆgf] vfgf vfg yfn] . tL j[4 sdhf]/ ePsf sf/0fn] pgsf] sk8fel/ vfgf kf]lvof] . xf]6ndf vfgf vfg cfPsf cGo dflg;n] pgnfO{ x]nf / 3[0ffsf b[li6n] x]/] t/ 5f]/f] lgs} zfGt b]lvGYof] . vfgf vfO;s]kl5 5f]/fn] afa'nfO{ p7fP/ afy?dlt/ lnP/ uof] . z/L/df nfu]sf vfgfx¿ ;kmf kf¥of] / ;s];Dd ;a} bfu d]6fof] . afa'sf] skfn sf]l/lbof] /

25 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & r:df;d]t ldnfOlbof] . ha pgLx¿ afy?daf6 aflx/ cfP, xf]6nsf ;a} hgf zfGt eP/ afa'5f]/fnfO{ x]l//x]sf lyP . s;}n] af]Ng] lxDdt u/]gg\ . afa'nfO{ a:g nufP/ 5f]/fn] sfpG6/df uO{ lan lt¥of] / afa'nfO{ lnP/ aflx/ lxF8\of] . pltv]/} Ps hgf csf{ j[4n] 5f]/fnfO{ af]nfP / ;f]w], …afa', ltdLn] oxfF s]xL 5f]8\of} ls <Ú …cxF .Ú 5f]/fn] hjfkm lbof] . …ltdLn] oxfF s]xL cjZo 5f]8]sf 5f} afa' ÛÚ j[4n] k'gM eg], …ltdLn] oxfF x/]s 5f]/fnfO{ Pp6f uhasf] kf7 / j[4x¿nfO{ cfzf 5f]8\of} afa'.Ú c= of] syfaf6 tkfO{F+n] s] lzIff kfpg'eof] < cf= s] tkfO{F+sf] 3/kl/jf/df klg Ho]i7 ;b:o x'g'x'G5 < tkfO{F pxfFx¿sf] ;]jf s;/L ug'{x'G5 < v= tkfO{F+sf] ;d'bfodf /x]sf b'O{ hgf ;dfh;]jL;Fu s'/fsfgL ug'{xf];\ . ;]jfaf6 k|fKt x'g] cg'e"ltsfaf/]df ;f]Wg'xf];\ / lgisif{ sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ . u= s] tkfO{F+n] dfly elgPsf d"NodfGotfx¿nfO{ slxNo} cEof;df Nofpg'ePsf] 5 < 5 eg] tkfO{F+nfO{ s:tf] dx;'; ePsf] lyof] < cEof; != tnsf egfOx¿ l7s jf a]l7s s] x'g\ < 5'6\ofpg'xf];\M s= c¿sf] ;fy / ;xof]ulagf klg xfdL ;'vL / v';L hLjgofkg ug{ ;S5f}+ . v= ;xof]u cfbfgk|bfg ugf{n] JolQmut tyf ;fdflhs ;DaGw k|uf9 x'G5 . u= ;]jf ubf{ cfkm"nfO{ kmfObf jf a]kmfObf x'g] s'/fdf xfdL ;r]t /xg'kb{5 . 3= g]kfndf ljleGg hfthfltsf lardf ljljwtfx¿ 5g\ t/ ;lxi0f'tf 5 . ª= pRr dfgjd"No k|bz{g ugf{n] cfbz{ gful/s aGg ;lsG5 . @= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\M s= of]uLhLn] ljBfyL{ ;fyLx¿nfO{ s'g s'g dfgjLo d"Nosf s'/f ;'gfpg'eof] < ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . v= clx+;f eg]sf] s] xf] < u= lg::jfy{ k|]d s:tf] x'G5 <

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 26 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t 3= …;]jf g} wd{ xf]Ú eGg] s'/fnfO{ pbfx/0f;lxt k|:6 kfg'{xf];\ . ª= ;Ddfg k|fKt ug{ s] ug'{k5{ < ;fd'bflos sfo{ tkfO{F+sf] ;d'bfo, ljBfno jf sIffsf $÷% ;fyLx¿sf] Jojxf/sf] ;"Id cWoog ug'{xf];\ . pgLx¿n] u/]sf Jojxf/sf cfwf/df tnsf] h:t} ?h';"rL tof/ kf/L Jojxf/x¿df -√_ lrGx nufpg'xf];\ M gfdM lqmofsnfkx¿ /fd|f] dWod lgDg ;b\efjk"0f{ Jojxf/ ;fyLefO;Fusf] d]nldnfk ;lxi0f'tf lgikIftf Odfgbf/Ltf lhDd]jf/L st{Joaf]w ;]jf

27 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & ;dfhdf /x]sf d"NodfGotfx¿ g} ;+:sf/x¿ x'g\ . logLx¿n] xfdLnfO{ Pstfsf] ;"qdf afFWg] sfd ub{5g\ . x/]s ;dfhsf d"NodfGotfx¿ km/s km/s x'g ;Sb5g\ . o:tf d"NodfGotfx¿sf ;|f]tx¿ k|fylds ¿kdf wd{ g} x'g\ . g]kfn ;fgf] b]z eP klg oxfF wd{, ;+:s[lt, j]ife"iff, efiff cflbdf k|z:t leGgtfx¿ 5g\ . ef}uf]lns If]qx¿ t/fO{, kxf8 / lxdfndf a;f]af; ug{] dflg;x¿sf lardf klg wd{, ;+:s[lt, efiff, rfnrng / /Lltl/jfhx¿df km/skg 5 . Pp6} e"uf]ndf a;f]af; ug{] ljleGg hfltx¿sf rfnrng / /Lltl/jfhdf klg km/skg 5 . o:tf rfnrngx¿ tL ef}uf]lns ;d'bfosf ljlzi6 klxrfg;d]t x'g\ . g]kfnL ;dfhsf ultljlwx¿ wfld{s tyf hfltut ;+:sf/af6 lgb{]lzt 5g\ . o:tf ;+:sf/x¿ ljZjsf h'g;'s} s'gfdf a;] klg xfdLn] r6Ss} e'Ng ;s]sf 5}gf}+ . cfo{ ;d'bfosf JolQmx¿sf ;+:sf/df lxGb' wd{sf] k|efj 5 eg] af}4 wdf{jnDaLx¿sf ;+:sf/x¿ a'4 wd{af6 lgb{]lzt 5g\ . To;}u/L lqml:rogx¿ cfkm"nfO{ k/d]Zj/k|lt ;dlk{t ub{5g\ / ;f]xLcg'¿ksf ;+:sf/x¿ ckgfpF5g\ . csf{]tkm{ sltko hfltdf Pp6} wd{ dfGg] eP klg wfld{seGbf hftLo cfwf/df ;+:sf/x¿ ljsf; ePsf] b]Vg ;lsG5 . h:t} af}4 wd{ dfGg] z]kf{x¿ / g]jf/x¿sf wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿df km/s kfOG5 . ;dfhnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ / Pstfsf] ;"qdf afFlw/fVg lglZrt d"No, dfGotf / Jojxf/x¿ tof/ kfl/Psf x'G5g\ . hGd, ljjfx tyf d[To' h:tf ;+:sf/x¿ lglZrt d"NodfGotfnfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ agfOPsf x'G5g\ . g]kfndf k|rlnt wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿sf] 5f]6f] lrgf/L tn k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 M s= hGd ;+:sf/ dflg;sf] k|fs[lts lg/Gt/tfsf] cfwf/ hGd xf] . ;Gtfgsf] hGd k|lj|mof ;'? ePkl5 kf7 @xfd|f ;fdflhs ;+:sf/x¿

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 28 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t ljleGg cj:yfdf ljleGg lsl;dsf ;+:sf/x¿ cfjZos x'G5g\ . o:tf ;+:sf/x¿ kfl/jfl/s ¿kdf :jLsf/ ug{ tyf ;dfhdf gjhft lzz'nfO{ lrgfpg] p2]Zon] ul/G5g\ . xfd|f] b]zdf ue{jt cj:yfaf6 g} ue{:y lzz' tyf cfdfsf] x]/ljrf/ ug{], kf}li6s cfxf/ lbg], ;dfhdf hfgsf/L lbg], aRrfsf] cfudgsf] :jfutsf] tof/L ug{] h:tf lj|mofsnfk ul/G5g\ . aRrfsf] hGdkZrft\ hftLo ;+:sf/sf cfwf/df tLg, kfFr, ;ft gf} jf P3f/ lbgdf Gjf/g ul/G5 . sltko hfltdf hftLo ¿kdf g} gfds/0f ug{] rng /x] klg xfn o:tf] ;+:sf/ kftlnFb} uO/x]sf] 5 . hGdsf] 5 dlxgfleqdf kf:gL sd{ -vfgf v'jfpg]_ ul/G5 . ;Gtfg x's{Fb} uPkl5 5f]/fsf] j|taGw -hg} wf/0f u/fpg]_ / 5f]/Lx¿nfO{ u'Go'rf]nL lbg] ;+:sf/ klg sltko hfltdf k|rngdf 5 . sltko ;+:sf/ hftLo ¿kdf k[ys 5g\ . h:t} g]jf/L ;+:sf/df s]6Lx¿sf] klxnf] /h:jnfcl3 a]nljjfx ug{] rng 5 . v= ljjfx ;+:sf/ jo:s pd ]/sf dlxnf / k'?ifn ] Pscsf {nfO { hLjg;fyL :jLsf/ u/L kl/jf/sf ¿kdf a:g ] ;fdflhs k/Dk/f g} ljjfx xf] . o;n ] of }g hLjgnfO { cfTd;ft \ u/L ;Gtfg pTkfbg ug { ] s'/f; Fu klg ;DaGw /fVb5 . ljjfx ljleGg k |sf/n ] x'G5 . h:t } dfuL ljjfx, efuL ljjfx, k | ]d ljjfx, cbfntdf ul/g ] ljjfx, (court marriage) cflb . dfuL ljjfxdf kl/jf/sf ] d~h'/Ldf s ]6f kIf / s ]6L kIf Pscfk;df a;L s'/fsf ] l5gf]kmfgf] ub{5g\ . of ] lgs } k/Dk/fut tl/sf klg xf ] . o;df wfld {s, ;f+:s [lts tyf Jofjxfl/s kIfnfO{ ljz]if Vofn ul/G5 . efuL ljjfx, dfuL ljjfx tyf cbfntLo ljjfx klg xfn lgs} k|rngdf /x]sf 5g\ . o:tf ljjfx ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k |ljlwdf

29 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & cfPsf] Jofkstf;Fu} Jofks aGb} uO/x]sf 5g\ . o;df s ]6f / s ]6Ln ] cfkm"n ] /f]h]sf] hLjg;fyL ckgfpF5g\ . kfl/jfl/s, ;f+:s[lts tyf cGo kIf uf}0f /xG5g\ . g ]kfnsf sltko hghfltdf dfdfr ]nL / km'k"r ]nf lar klg ljjfx ug { ] rng /x ]sfdf xfn lgs} sdL cfPsf] kfOG5 . g]kfnsf] sfg'gn] afnljjfxnfO{ jlh{t u/]sf] 5 . j }wflgs lx;fan ] g ]kfndf s ]6f / s]6Lsf] pd]/ @) jif{ k'u]sf] x'g'kb{5 . g ]kfnsf sltko :yfgx¿df afnljjfxsf 36gfx¿ obfsbf ;'lgg] u/]sf 5g\ . o:tf ljjfxx¿ sfg'gL, dgf ]j }1flgs tyf :jf:Yosf b[li6sf]0faf6;d]t cg'ko'Qm x'G5g\ . o;sf ;fy } xfdLn ] bfOhf ] tyf kmh'n vr{ h:tf unt lqmofsnfkx¿nfO{;d]t lg?T;flxt ug'{kb{5 . ;+:sf/sf gfddf x'g ] s'g } klg unt lqmofsnfkx¿ lgd" {n kfg { hgr ]tgfd"ns sfo {qmdx¿ lg/Gt/ ug{] / eO/x]sf lj|mofsnfkx¿nfO{ cem ;zQm agfpg' cfjZos x'G5 . ljjfx ug'{k"j{ s]6fs]6L b'j}n] sDtLdf cfˆgf] cWoognfO{ k"/f ug{] / hLjg lgjf{xsf nflu cfjZos /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug'{kb{5 . c¿sf] egfOdf nfu]/ lg0f{o ug'{ x'Fb}g . j}jflxs hLjg dfgj hLjgsf] gofF cWofo ePsfn] o;sf] k"0f{ tof/L u/]/ dfq ug'{kb{5 . u= d[To' ;+:sf/ s'g } klg lhjLt k |f0fLsf ] z/L/df /x ]sf ljleGg k |0ffnLx¿n ] ;Dk"0f { ¿kdf sfo { ug{ 5f]8]sf] cj:yf g} d[To' xf] . hGdkZrft d[To' cjZo x'G5 . o; wtL {df kfOnf 6 ]s ]sf x/ ]s hLjfTdfx¿sf ] cfo"' k |s [ltn ] g} lglZrt ul/lbPsf] 5 . d[To' ;+:sf/ hftLo / wfld{s ;+:sf/cg';f/ km/s km/s 5 . d[t z/L/nfO{ hnfpg], uf8\g] jf 6'qmf 6'qmf kf/]/ hLjhGt'nfO{ v'jfpg] h:tf k|rng 5g\ . d[To'kZrft\ glhssf cfkmGtx¿n] ;+:sf/cg';f/ lsl/ofsd{ ug{], cfzf}r afg{], c¿nfO{ g5'g], skfn vf}l/g], ;]tf n'uf nufpg] cflb rng sfod 5g\ . wfld{s tyf hftLo k/Dk/fcg';f/ lsl/ofsd{ klg tLg lbgb]lv t]x| lbg;Dd cfzf}r afg{] rng 5 .

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 30 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t lqmofsnfk s= tkfO{F a;]sf] ;d'bfodf a;f]af; ug{] ljleGg wdf{jnDaL, hfthfltx¿sf ;+:sf/x¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . v= tkfO{Fn] tkfO{F+sf] ;d'bfodf hGd, ljjfx / d[To' ;+:sf/ b]Vg'ePsf] xf]nf . hftLo / wfld{s lx;fan] ltgLx¿ s;/L km/s 5g\ < sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . cEof; tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\M s= ;fdflhs ;+:sf/ eg]sf] s] xf] < v= xfd|f] ;dfhdf k|rlnt ;fdflhs ;+:sf/x¿sf] ;"rL agfO{ s'g} Pssf] 5f]6f] JofVof ug'{xf];\ . u= g]kfnL ;dfhdf ckgfOg] ;+:sf/x¿ lsg km/s km/s 5g\ < sf/0f lbg'xf];\ . 3= …dflg; hxfF a:5, ToxfF ;+:sf/ x'G5Ú eGg] egfOnfO{ k'li6 ug'{xf];\ . ;fd'bflos sfo{ sDtLdf b'O{ km/s lsl;dsf ;fdflhs ;+:sf/x¿ -hGd, ljjfx jf d[To'_ df ;xefuL x'g'xf];\ . cfkm"n] b]v]sf cfwf/df tL ;+:sf/x¿sf lardf t'ngf u/L lgisif{ sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .

31 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & cfˆgf] bfh'sf] ljjfxsf sf/0f Plngf lxhf] ljBfnodf pkl:yt x'g ;lsgg\ . cfh ;fdflhs lzIfs ljBfnodf cg'kl:yt x'g'x'G5 . To;}n] Plngf cfˆgf] 5'6]sf] kf7sfaf/]df ;fyLx¿ hgs / ;'wf;Fu s'/fsfgL ub{} l5g\ . PlngfM ;fyLx¿ † dnfO{ lxhf] 5'6]sf] kf7sfaf/]df lrGtf nflu/x]sf] 5 . s] ltdLx¿ dnfO{ pQm kf7sf af/]df a'emfpg ;S5f} < hgsM cjZo ;S5f}+ ;fyL . lxhf] xfdLn] xfd|f wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿ eGg] kf7 cWoog u¥of}+ . ;'wfM wd{ eg]sf] s] xf] eGg] s'/f ltdLnfO{ yfxf 5 < PlngfM yfxf 5 lg Û wd{ eg]sf] O{Zj/k|ltsf] cf:yf / ljZjf; xf], xf]Og t < hgsM xf] lg, Plngf . ljleGg JolQm, ;d'bfo tyf hfthfltsf dflg;x¿n] km/s– km/s wd{ cFufn]sf x'G5g\ . Pp6} wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf lj|mofsnfkx¿df klg km/skg kfOG5 . ;'wfM xf] t . o; ljifodf t xfdLn] cl3Nnf] kf7df klg 5nkmn u/]sf lyof}+ . PlngfM To;f] eP xfd|f cf:yfsf cfwf/df xfd|f ;f+:s[lts lj|mofsnfkx¿ lgb{]lzt x'G5g\, x}g t < ;'wfM ltdLn] l7s s'/f u¥of}, Plngf . xfd|f cf:yfn] xfd|f ;f+:s[lts Jojxf/x¿nfO{ lgb{]lzt ub{5g\ . h:t} lxGb' wdf{jnDaLx¿ O{Zj/df ljZjf; ub{5g\ . cnf}lss zlQmsf ¿kdf t]lQ;sf]6L b]jtfsf] k"hf cf/fwgf ug{], bfgwd{ ug{], tLy{ j|t cflb ug{] ub{5g\ . hgsM To:t} lqml:rogx¿ x/]s xKtf rr{df e]nf eO{ k|fy{gf ub{5g\ eg] a'4dfuL{x¿ ci6dfu{df ljZjf; ub{5g\ . pgLx¿sf cg';f/ clx+;f g} ;a}eGbf 7'nf] wd{ xf] . logLx¿ k/f]ksf/, d]nldnfk, kf7 #xfd|f wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 32 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t zflGt cflb h:tf s'/fdf hf]8 lbG5g\ . PlngfM o:tf wfld{s ;+:sf/ xfdLnfO{ lsg rflxG5 < ;'wfM k|fylds ¿kdf ;dfhnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ k"j{hx¿n] wd{sf] ljsf; u/]sf x'g\ . o;n] dflg;nfO{ cfˆgf] st{Jok|lt lhDd]jf/ x'g ;b}j k|]l/t u¥of] . km]l/ klxn]klxn] ;+ljwfg tyf sfg'gx¿ lyPgg\ . /fHox¿ wfld{s cf:yfsf cfwf/df g} ;~rflnt x'Gy] . hgsM o; wtL{df hGd lnPkl5 ;a} JolQmn] cfˆgf] st{Jo k"/f ug'{kb{5 . of] g} wd{ xf] . xfdLn] cfˆgf Jojxf/x¿nfO{ lgoGq0fdf /fvL ;a};Fu lhDd]jf/ eP/ Jojxf/ ug'{kb{5 . PlngfM wfld{s tyf ;f+:s[lts Jojxf/x¿ km/s–km/s eP klg ;a} wd{sf] ;f/ t p:t} x'G5 eGg] ;'g]sf] lyPF . s] of] ;To xf] < hgsM xf] lg Plngf . ;'wfM k"hf, cf/fwgf, elQm, k|fy{gf, bfgbftJo, bLgb'MvLsf] ;]jf, clx+;f cflbn] ;a} wd{df plQs} dxŒj /fVb5g\ . PlngfM s] k"hf, cf/fwgf, elQm tyf k|fy{gf u/L dgn] lrtfPsf s'/fx¿ k"/f x'G5g\ < ;'wfM xfdLn] dfu]sf s'/fx¿ ;a} k"/f x'Fb}gg\ t/ xfdLnfO{ zflGt ldN5 . hgsM clg xfdLnfO{ ;Tdfu{df lxF8\g;d]t k|]/0ff ldN5 . PlngfM To;f] eP ljz]if ltyLx¿df ul/g] j|t, pkjf;, bfg, bLgb'MvLsf] ;]jf, ;xof]u cflbnfO{ g} xfdL wfld{s ;+:sf/ eGg ;S5f}+, x}g t < ;'wfM xf] . bLgb'MvLsf] ;]jf, c¿sf] ;Ddfg, ;a};Fu ;dfg Jojxf/, clx+;f h:tf Jojxf/x¿af6 zflGt sfod ug{;d]t ;xof]u x'G5 . xfd|f] ;fgf] ;xof]u jf ;Tsfo{af6 c¿sf] enfO x'G5 eg] Tof] g} wd{ xf] . PlngfM To;f] eP wd{sf] kfngfaf6 JolQmut dfq geO{ ;fdflhs nfe klg lng ;lsg] /x]5 lg . hgsM ltdLn] l7s s'/f u¥of}, Plngf . cg'zfl;t eP/ gLltk"j{s sfo{ ugf{n] b]zdf zflGt sfod x'G5 . ljsf; lgdf{0fdf dflg;x¿ nfU5g\ . d xf]Og, xfdL / d]/f] xf]Og xfd|f] eGg] efjgf hfu[t x'G5 . o;n] ;fd"lxs enfO{sf nflu sfo{ ug{

33 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & ;a}nfO{ pTk|]l/t;d]t ub{5 . ;'wfM km]l/ sltko wd{df g} ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjsf] efjgf hf]l8Psf] x'G5 . h:t} O:nfd wdf{jnDaLx¿n] gdfh k9\g] tyf xh ug]{ ub{5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ cfˆgf] sdfOsf] s]xL lx:;f cGo JolQmsf] enfOsf nflu vr{ ug'{ clgjfo{ dflgG5 . PlngfM xf] lg . xfd|f] ;dfhdf klg ljleGg ;fdflhs sfo{x¿ h:t} ljBfno ejg, c:ktfn cflb lgdf{0fsf nflu k'/f0f nufPsf] t d}n] klg ;'g]sL lyPF . dflg;x¿n] :j:km"t{¿kdf bfg u/L o:tf ;fdflhs sfo{x¿ ;DkGg u/]sf 5g\ . hgsM ltdLn] uHhasf] pbfx/0f k|:t't u¥of}, Plngf . d ltdLnfO{ ljleGg wd{sf wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿ b]vfpF5' x} t . -Ps}l5g kl5_ oxfF x]/ t . PlngfM ltdLx¿ b'j}nfO{ w]/} w]/} wGojfb, ;fyLx¿ . wd{ wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿ lxGb' k"hf cf/fwgf ug{], j|t a:g], ehgsLt{g ug{], bfg bftJo lbg], d"lt{ k"hf ug{] cflb . af}4 lx+;f gug{], a'4 dGq n]lvPsf tf]/0fx¿ 3/df /fVg], Wofg ug{], ci6dfu{ dfGg] cflb . d'l:nd gdfh kf7 ug]{, xh -wfld{s ofqf_ ug{], bfg ug{], /f]hf -j|t a:g]_ cflb . O;fO{ rr{df uO{ k|fy{gf ug{], Sof/f]n -uLt_ ufpg], pkxf/x¿ ;f6f;f6 ug{] cflb . ls/fFt k|s[lt k"hf ug{], d'Gw'd -wfld{s u|Gy_ kf7 ug{], ;'lDgdf / kf?xfªsf] k"hf ug{] cflb . lqmofsnfk s= s] wd{n] ljZjzflGt :yfkgf ug{df e"ldsf v]N5 < sIffsf ;fyLx¿ lardf 5nkmn u/L lgisif{ lgsfNg'xf];\ . v= …wfld{s ljljwtfdf Pstf, g]kfnsf] klxrfgÚ ljifodf lgaGw n]vg k|ltof]lutf cfof]hgf ug'{xf];\ .

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 34 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cEof; != tnsf vfnL 7fFpdf pko'Qm hfgsf/L eg'{xf];\M s= O{Zj/k|ltsf] cf:yf / ljZjf; g} ================================== xf] . v= xfdLn] dfGg] wd{sf cfwf/df xfd|f ================================== lj|mofsnfkx¿ lgb{]lzt x'G5g\ . u= a'4dfuL{x¿ ================================== df ljZjf; ub{5g\ . 3= O:nfd wd{df ================================== x'G5, h;sf sf/0f dflg;x¿ cfˆgf] sdfOsf] s]xL lx:;f bfgsf ¿kdf vr{ ub{5g\ . ª= k|s[ltsf] k"hf ================================== wdf{jnDaLx¿n] ub{5g\ . @= tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\M s= wfld{s Jojxf/x¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . v= tkfO{F+n] dfGg] wd{sf wfld{s lqmofsnfkx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . u= s] ;+;f/sf ;a} wd{x¿sf] ;f/ Pp6} 5 < 5 eg] tL s] s] x'g\ < 3= tkfO{F+sf] ;d'bfodf a;f]af; ug{] dflg;x¿ s'g s'g wd{ dfGb5g\ < pgLx¿ s:tf wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿df ;+nUg x'G5g\ < ª= af}4dfuL{x¿sf wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . ;fd'bflos sfo{ tkfO{F+sf] ;d'bfodf s'g} klg wd{sf wd{u'?÷ k'/f]lxtnfO{ e]6\g'xf];\ . pQm wd{sf ;sf/fTds kIfx¿ s] s] 5g\, ;f]Wg'xf];\ . wd{leqsf s'/Lltx¿nfO{ x6fpg pxfFsf] of]ubfg s] x'g ;Snf < ;f]w]/ lgisif{ sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .

35 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & g]kfn ax'hftLo tyf ax'wfld{s b]z xf] . To;}cg';f/ xfd|f rf8kj{x¿ klg km/s km/s 5g\ . rf8kj{x¿ ;f+:s[lts, wfld{s tyf P]ltxfl;s kIfdf cfwfl/t x'G5g\ . h:t} lxGb'x¿sf] dxfg\ rf8 ljhofbzdL c;Todfly ;Tosf] lht ePsf] ;Gbe{nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ dgfOg] ul/G5 . x/]s rf8kj{sf] cfˆg} ljlzi6 z}nL, kl/j]z / klxrfg /x]sf] x'G5 . g]kfnLx¿sf d'Vo d'Vo rf8kj{x¿df b;}+, ltxf/, 57, lqm;d;, Nxf];f/, pFwf}nL, pFef}nL, Dxk"hf, df3];+qmflGt, j}zfv k"l0f{df cflb x'g\ . e"uf]n, hflt / :yfgcg';f/ oL rf8kj{x¿ dgfpg] tl/sf / z}nL eg] km/s–km/s x'G5 . rf8kj{n] Ct'sf] klg hfgsf/L lbG5g\ . h:t} b;}Fdf jiff{t ;lsP/ lxpFbsf] ;dosf] hfgsf/L ldN5 . rf8kj{x¿ ;b\efj / ;+:s[ltsf kof{ox¿ x'g\ . clwsf+z rf8af8x¿df xfdL kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿ e]nf x'g], cfkmGtx¿;Fu e]63f6 ug{], gofFgofF n'uf nufpg], gfrufg ug{], lkª v]Ng] h:tf lj|mofsnfk ub{5f}+ . rf8kj{x¿ ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt ;+/If0fsf cfwf/ klg x'g\ . o;sf ;fy} xfd|f] b]zdf leGg wd{k|lt cf:yf /fVg] JolQmx¿n];d]t cGo wd{ dfGg] dflg;x¿sf rf8af8x¿df ;fd]n x'g], z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg ug{] tyf ;xef]hg ug{] u/]sf] wfld{s ;lxi0f'tfsf] cg'kd pbfx/0f b]Vg ;lsG5 . o;/L rf8kj{x¿n] ;dfhdf Pstf, efOrf/f / zflGtsf nflu klg e"ldsf v]Nb5g\ . rf8kj{ dgfpFbf xfdLn] ldtJofoL eP/ vr{ ug{], lzi6 9ª\un] rf8af8 dgfpg], c¿sf] e8\sfpdf gnfUg] tyf cGo cjfl~rt lqmofsnfkx¿ gug{] s'/fdf ;w}F ;r]t aGg' kb{5 t/ cfhsfn dflg;x¿ rf8af8nfO{ cgfjZos e8\lsnf] agfpFb} uO/x]sf 5g\ . o;af6 kf7 $xfd|f rf8kj{x¿

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 36 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t rf8x¿sf] ;f+:s[lts d"Nodf lu/fj6 cfPsf] 5 eg] cgfjZos b]vfl;sLn] dflg;x¿ C0fdf 8'a]sf pbfx/0fx¿ klg xfd|f;fd' k|z:t} 5g\ . g]kfndf ljleGg wdf{jnDaLx¿n] dgfpg] d'Vo rf8kj{x¿sf] hfgsf/L lgDgfg';f/ 5 M s= lxGb' wdf{jnDaLx¿n] b;}F, ltxf/, 57, df3];+qmflGt, dxflzj/flq, kmfu'k"l0f{df -xf]nL_, hg}k"l0f{df, gfuk"hf, s'z]cf}+;L -afa'sf] d'v x]g{] lbg_ tyf dftftLy{ cf}zL -cfdfsf] d'vx]g{] lbg_ cflb rf8x¿ xiff{]Nnf;k"0f{ 9ª\un] dgfpF5g\ . v= af}4 wdf{jnDaLx¿n] a'4k"l0f{df tyf Nxf];f/ -td', ;f]gfd / UofNkf]_ h:tf rf8kj{x¿ dgfpF5g\ . u= O:nfd wdf{jnDaLx¿sf d'Vo rf8kj{x¿df Obpn–lkmq, Obpn chfx, df]x/d, /}an cflb kb{5g\ . 3= O;fO{ wdf{jnDaLx¿sf] d'Vo rf8 lqm;d; 8] xf] . o;sf ;fy} pgLx¿n] O:6/ klg plQs} w'dwfdsf ;fy dgfpF5g\ . ª= dfly plNnlvt afx]s g]kfndf cGo hfthfltx¿n] pFwf}nL, pFef}nL, lhtLof, Dxk"hf, df3L, e'd]k"hf, ;fdfrv]jf nufotsf rf8kj{x¿ dgfpF5g\ . lqmofsnfk s= tkfO{Fsf] sIffsf ljleGg wdf{jnDaL ;fyLx¿n] dgfpg] d'Vo rf8kj{x¿ / ul/g] lqmofsnfkx¿sfaf/]df tnsf] tflnsfdf eg'{xf];\M ;fyLsf] gfd d'Vo rf8 d'Vo lqmofsnfkx¿ != @= #= $= %= v= ljleGg dfWodaf6 ljleGg rf8kj{x¿ dgfPsf kmf]6f]x¿ ;ª\sng ug'{xf];\ . rf6{k]k/df PsLs[t ug{'xf];\ / sIffdf ;a}n] b]Vg]u/L 6fF:g'xf];\ .

37 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & cEof; tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\M s= …xfd|f rf8kj{x¿ xfd|f lrgf/L x'g\Ú s;/L . v= af}4 wdf{jnDaLx¿sf d'Vo d'Vo rf8kj{x¿sf] ;"rL tof/ kfg'{xf];\ . u= rf8kj{x¿n] Pscsf{nfO{ hf]8\g] sfd;d]t ub{5g\ . k'li6 ug'{xf];\ . 3= ljleGg sf/0fn] xfd|f rf8kj{x¿sf ;f+:s[lts d"Nodf x|f; cfO/x]sf] ;Gbe{df o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ s] ug{ ;lsPnf < ;'emfjx¿ k|:t't ug'{xf];\ . ª= rf8kj{x¿n] xfdLnfO{ k'gtf{huL (refreshments);d]t k|bfg ub{5g\ . s] tkfO{F+ of] egfO;Fu ;xdt x'g'x'G5 <

cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & 38 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t x/]s laxLaf/ /fdhfgsL cfwf/e"t ljBfnosf] sIff & df ;fdflhs ljifosf lzIfsn] ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ s'g} g s'g} lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg u/fpg'x'G5 . cfh ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ xfd|f ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfhsfaf/]df 5nkmn u/fpg] eGg'ePsf] 5 . ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ljleGg ;d"xdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . tL ;d"xx¿nfO{ nfnL u'/fF;, dvdnL, lg/sdn, ;'gfv/L, nfn'kft] / ;okqL gfd lbOPsf] 5 . k|To]s ;d"xn] cfˆgf] ;d"xdf 5nkmn kZrft ;d"xsf] lgisif{ k|:t't ug{ cx|fpg'ePsf] 5 . efOalxgLx¿ † g]kfn ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfhdf ;d[4 5 . ljutb]lv g} ;dfhdf rlncfPsf To:tf Jojxf/nfO{ g} ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfh elgG5 . o:tf /Lltl/jfhx¿ xfd|f ljlzi6 klxrfgx¿ x'g\ . gfRg], ufpg], hftLo klx/g wf/0f ug{], ljleGg lsl;dsf afhfufhf ahfpg], d]nfkft tyf P]Frf]k}+rf] cflb xfd|f df}lns /Lltl/jfhx¿ x'g\ . xfd|f /Lltl/jfhcGtu{t lgDg s'/fx¿ kb{5g\ M ca d ltdLx¿nfO{ dflysf ljifox¿df 5nkmnsf nflu ;do lbG5' . k|To]s ;d"xsf 6f]nLg]tfn] 5nkmnsf] lgisif{ k|:t't u/ x} t . nfnL u'/fF; ;d"xM nf]suLt gd:sf/ † d kfj{tL lwdfn . cfh d xfd|f] ;d"xnfO{ k/]sf] nf]suLtsf ;DaGwdf xfd|f] ;d"xsf] lgisif{ k|:t't ug{ rfxG5' . hgdfg;sf hglha|f]df /x]sf snfTds cleJolQm g} nf]suLtx¿ x'g\ . /}yfg] ;+:s[ltleq kf7 %xfd|f ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfh xfd|f /Lltl/jfh nf]sw'g nf]suLt nf]sg[To tyf zf:qLo g[To klx/g / kl/sf/ u/uxgf nf]safhf

39 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & nfdf] ;dob]lv cl:tŒjdf /x]sf o:tf uLtx¿n] lglZrt hflt, If]q jf :yfgsf] df}lns klxrfgnfO{ af]s]sf x'G5g\ . o:tf efsfx¿sf dfWodaf6 dflg;x¿n] cfˆgf ;+j]u, efjgf, v';L, b'Mv / kL8fnfO{ JoQm ub{5g\ . o:tf uLtx¿ Rff8kj{, d]nfkft, ljjfx, pT;j, k"hfcfhf cflbdf ufOG5 . k|foM o:tf uLt;Fu} nf]sw'g klg ahfOG5 . o;n] tL efsfx¿nfO{ hLjGt agfO/fVg ;xof]u ub{5g\ . ;fdfGotof nf]suLtx¿ df}lvs ¿kdf g} cl:tŒjdf /x]sf x'G5g\ / Ps k':tfaf6 csf{] k':tfdf x:tfGt/0f x'Fb} hfG5g\ . o;}sf/0f sltko nf]sefsfx¿ x/fP/ uO;s]sf 5g\ . cfhsn o:tf efsfx¿ ;ª\sng u/L Jofj;flos pTkfbg ug{] k|rng a9]sf] 5 . o;n] logLx¿nfO{ lr/:yfoL agfO/fVg d2t k'¥ofpF5 . o:tf uLtx¿sf] ;x/df xf]6n, /]:6'/]G6, tyf bf]xf]/L ;fFemx¿df;d]t 7'nf] dfu /x]sf] 5 . b]p8f, ‰ofp/], ;fn}hf] efsf, tfdfª ;]nf], d}lynL uLtx¿ -xf]nLdf ufOg]_ cflb g]kfndf k|rlnt s]xL k|d'v nf]sefsf x'g\ . o;nfO{ xfdLn] lgDgcg';f/ tflnsfdf ptf/]sf 5f}+ M wGojfb † dvdnL ;d"xM nf]safhf cfb/0fLo lzIfs tyf ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{ ;fyLx¿df d snf afGtfjf Gofgf] clejfbg ug{ rfxG5' . cfh d oxfFx¿;Fu xfd|f] ;d"xnfO{ k/]sf] nf]safhf ;DaGwdf k|:t't ub}{ 5' . nf]sefsf;Fu} ;'/tfn / nosf nflu ahfOg] jfBjfbgsf ;fwgx¿nfO{ nf]safhf elgG5 . o:tf afhf xfd|f k"j{hsf cg'kd l;h{gf x'g\ . sltko afhfx¿ k"hfcf/fwgfdf b]p8f uLt em'g em'Gof a/iff nfUof], sf6\ofaf6f bsL{, emfGof xf]Ols dfof dfl/, cfpGof xf]ls kmls{ km"n km'Nnf] 5 kmn nfUb}g kxf8sf /}gf, g} ;'jf af8'nL nfpgL g} wf]lSsgL ;}gf . rf8kj{x¿ ™ dfn>L -b;}F_ ™ b]p;Le}nf] -ltxf/_ ™ lth uLt ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ™ ‰ofp/] -IfqL÷a|fXd0f_ ™ Wffg ÷kfnd -lnDa"_ ™ r08L -/fO{_ ™ ;]nf] -tfdfª_ ™ df?gL -a|fXd0f_ ef}uf]lns If]qdf cfwfl/t ™ b]p8f -;'b"/klZrd_ ™ xfSkf/] -k"jL{ efu_ ™ xf]/L / cflzsf -t/fO{_ l;hgdf cfwfl/t ™ c;f/] uLt -wfg /f]Kbf ufOg]_ g]kfndf k|rlnt nf]sefsfsf cfwf/

40 cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t ahfOG5 eg] cGo sltko afhfx¿ gfrufg, d]nfahf/ tyf pT;jx¿df ahfOG5 . h:t} zª\v306f cflb k"hfcf/fwgfdf ahfOG5 eg] dfbn, afF;'/L, ;f/ËL cflbh:tf afhfx¿ dgf]/~hgsf nflu ahfOG5 . ljutdf ufpFdf d'lvofx¿n] a]7L nufP/ -gf}dtL afhf ahfP/_ c;f/] uLt ufpFb} wfg /f]Kg] k|rng eP klg xfn o:tf] rng xl6;s]sf] 5 . dfbn, d'r'{Ëf, lagfof], ‰ofnL, ‰ofD6f, tanf, ;f/ËL, d'/nL, afF;'/L ;xgfO{, 6]Dsf], zª\v, 8d? cflb xfd|f df}lns nf]safhf x'g\ . oL afhf xfd|f klxrfg x'g\ t/ lj8Dagf o'jf k':tfsf] a]jf:tfsf sf/0f xfd|f sltko nf]safhf nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ . o;sf nflu xfdL ;a} hfu?s x'g' cfjZos eO;s]sf] 5 . olt eGb} d xfd|f] ;d"xsf] lgisif{ oxLF cGTo ub{5' . wGojfb † lg/sdn ;d"xM u/uxgf gd:sf/ † d z]v df]xDdb . xfd|f] ;d"xnfO{ k/]sf] ljifo …u/uxgfÚsfaf/]df cfˆgf] k|:t'tLs/0f ub}{ 5' . s'g} d"Nojfg wft' jf kTy/n] ag]sf z/L/ ;hfpg jf cfˆgf] df}lns klxrfg JoQm ug{ dflg;x¿n] k|of]u ug{] ;fdu|Lx¿nfO{ u/uxgf elgG5 . z/L/sf ljleGg cËx¿ ;hfpg ljleGg cfs[ltsf u/uxgf agfOG5g\ . o:tf u/uxgfx¿ JolQmn] dfq k|of]u ug{] geO d"lt{x¿df;d]t k|of]u ul/G5 . lz/aGbL, em'Dsf, a'nfsL, kf]t], ltnx/L, kfph', cf}+7L, afnf, l;qmL, r'/f cflb g]kfndf k|rlnt uxgfx¿ x'g\ . g]kfndf k'?ifn] eGbf dlxnfn] u/uxgfsf] k|of]u a9L ub{5g\ . xfn ax'd"No wft'sf u/uxgf agfpg] / nufpg] k|rng klg a9\bf] 5 . ;doqmd;Fu} uxgfx¿sf] cfsf/ tyf agf]6df klg cfw'lgstf ylkFb} uPsf] 5 . ;'gfv/L ;d"xM nf]sw'g k|frLg sfnb]lv g} ljz]if cj;/x¿ hgfpg ahfOg] afhfx¿nfO{ nf]sw'g elgG5 . nf]sw'gx¿ ;dfh / :yfgcg';f/ km/s x'G5g\ . o:tf w'gx¿n] df};d, rf8kj{ tyf ljlzi6 kl/j]znfO{ OlËt ub{5g\ . h:t} b;}Fdf ahfOg] dfn>L w'g, ljjfxdf ahfOg] dª\unw'g cflb . Pp6} afhfsf] ahfpg] z}nLn] klg ljz]if lsl;dsf] kl/j]zsf] hfgsf/L lbG5 . h:t} lxGb' wd{df Psf]xf]/f] zª\v ahfpFbf d[To'sf] ;"rgf x'G5 eg] k"hf cf/fwgfdf

41 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & ahfOg] zª\vsf] no km/s x'G5 . cfw'lgs afhfx¿sf] k|of]usf sf/0f xfn xfd|f df}lns nf]sw'gx¿ nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf 5g\ . ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] a9\bf] k|of]u tyf klZrdf ;+:s[ltsf] cGwfw'Gw gSsnn] klg xfd|f df}lns w'gx¿nfO{ g/fd|/L k|efljt kfl//x]sf 5g\ . tkfO{F+xfdL h:tf lzlIft / hfu?s gful/sn] ;r]t eP/ k|oTg ug'{kg{] cfjZostf 5 . wGojfb † nfn'kft] ;d"xM nf]s tyf zf:qLo g[To gd:sf/ † d xfd|f] ;d"xnfO{ k/]sf] nf]s tyf ;f+:s[lts g[Tosfaf/]df xfd|f] ;d"xsf] 5nkmnsf] lgisif{ oxfFx¿ ;fd' k|:t't ug{ rfxG5' . g]kfn nf]s tyf zf:qLo g[Tox¿sf] pj{/e"ld xf] . nf]sefsf / nf]sw'gx¿df z/L/sf] xfpefpåf/f ul/g] k|:t'tLs/0f g} nf]sg[To xf] . o:tf g[Tox¿ ;dfhsf klxrfg / uxgf x'g\ . x/]s ;dfhsf cfˆgf df}lns g[Tox¿ x'G5g\ . g]kfnL ;dfhdf df?gL, ‰ofp/], r'6\sf, wfggfr, tfdfª ;]nf] tyf b]p8f cflb k|rlnt 5g\ . o;sf ;fy} lemFlemof, sf}/f, afng, ;/fo cflb gfrsf] klg ljlzi6 :yfg 5 . csf{]tkm{ wd{zf:q tyf kf}/fl0fs kfqx¿sf] rl/qsf] j0f{g ub{} lglZrt lgoddf /x]/ k|:t't ul/g] g[To zf:qLo g[To xf] . rof{, k~ra'4, nfv] tyf e}/jsfnL g[To cflb zf:qLo g[To x'g\ . of] lglZrt lgoddf cfwfl/t x'G5 eg] g[To ug{] snfsf/x¿sf] klx/g tyf u/uxgf nufot 5gf]6df :jtGqtf x'Fb}g . of] g[To lglZrt wfld{s cf:yfsf cfwf/df k|:t't ul/G5 . oL gfrx¿ nf]sg[ToeGbf lgs} hl6n x'G5g\ . jt{dfg ;dodf ljleGg lsl;dsf g[Tox¿ y]/fkL tyf zf/Ll/s cEof;sf ¿kdf klg k|of]u ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . cfhef]ln vf; u/L o'jfx¿df ljleGg lsl;dsf g[Tox¿k|lt ulx/f] em'sfj b]lvG5 . sltko ljBfnox¿n] g[TonfO{ ljBfnosf] clgjfo{ ljifosf ¿kdf;d]t k|j]z lbPsf 5g\ . of] lgs} ;sf/fTds sbd xf] . g]kfnsf df}lns g[Tox¿sf] df}lnstf hf]ufpg' jt{dfg k':tfsf] lhDd]jf/L xf] .

42 cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t lqmofsnfk s= tkfO{F+nfO{ dg k/]sf] s'g} nf]sefsf sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ . v= sIffsf ;fyLx¿ xfd|f s'g} nf]safhf ahfpg hfGg'x'G5 < ;f]w]/ pQm afhf ahfpg nufpg'xf];\ . u= tkfO{F+sf] ;d'bfodf ahfOg] nf]safhfx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . cEof; tnsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\M s= ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfh eg]sf] s] xf] < o;sf] s] dxŒj 5 < v= nf]sefsf / nf]suLt s;/L Pscsf{df cGt/;DalGwt 5g\ < u= nf]suLtx¿n] hflt / e"uf]n dfq geO{ v]tLafnL nufpg] l;hg klg a'emfpF5 . s;/L < 3= xfd|f ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfhx¿k|lt o'jf k':tfsf] rf;f] / lrGtf sd x'Fb} hfg'sf sf/0fx¿ s] xf]nfg\ < s] of] lrGtf ug'{kg{] ljifo xf] < lsg < ª= nf]sg[To / zf:qLo g[Tosf lardf km/s 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ . r= u/uxgf eg]sf] s] xf] < o;sf] ;+:s[lt;Fu s] ;DaGw 5 < ;fd'bflos sfo{ :yfgLo txsf hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ e]6\g'xf];\ . pxfFx¿n] xfd|f df}lns /Lltl/jfhx¿nfO{ ;+/If0f ug{ s] s:tf k|of;x¿ ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . kQf nufpg'xf];\ / lgisif{ sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ .

43 kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & gfgLafa'x¿ † cl3Nnf] sIffdf xfdLn] xfd|f s]xL ;f+:s[lts /Lltl/jfhsfaf/]df hfgsf/L lnof}F . o;df ltdLx¿n] g} k|:t'tLs/0f u/]sf lyof} . lxhf] xfdLn] hDdf kfFr cf]6f ;d"xn] /fv]sf ljrf/x¿ ;'Gof}+ . ca d afFsL /x]sf] Pp6f ;d"xnfO{ cfˆgf] k|:t'tLs/0fsf nflu ;do lbG5'. gd:sf/ † d gf/fo0f dxh{g . cfh d oxfFx¿nfO{ xfd|f] klx/g / kl/sf/sfaf/]df xfdLn] ;d"xdf u/]sf] 5nkmnsf] lgisif{ ;'gfpg rfxG5'. JolQmn] cfˆgf] lz/b]lv kfp;Dd nufpg] j:q, h'Qf tyf u/uxgf clbnfO{ klx/g elgG5 . klx/g hflt, cj;/ ljz]if, :yfg / ;do cg';f/ km/s–km/s x'G5 . klx/gn] JolQmsf] JolQmTjnfO{ emNsfpF5 . xfd|f] b]zdf ef}uf]lns If]qsf cfwf/df klg klx/gdf km/skg 5 . h:t} lxdfnL If]qdf w]/} hf8f] x'g] ePsfn] dflg;x¿ afSnf n'uf nufpF5g\ . pgLx¿ aSv', bf]rf, cfËL / kfª\b]g k|of]u ub{5g\ . To:t} kxf8df k|foM dflg;x¿n] s'tf{, ;'?jfn, bf}/f;'?jfn, s5f8, u'Go'rf]nL cflb nufpF5g\ . a9L udL{ x'g] ePsfn] t/fO{df a;f]af; ug{] dflg;x¿ k|foM kftnf] sk8f nufpF5g\ . pgLx¿sf d'Vo klx/gx¿df s'tf{;'?jfn, wf]tL, ;f8L, n'ª\uL, ufD5f cflb x'g\ . wfld{s ;+:sf/n] klg klx/gsf] :j¿knfO{ lgwf{/0f ub{5 . h:t} lthdf lxGb' gf/Lx¿n] /ftf] / xl/of] /ªsf klx/g / uxgfx¿ k|of]u ub{5g\ eg] lxGb'x¿sf] d[To' ;+:sf/df ;]tf] /ªsf] k|of]u ul/G5 . O;fO{x¿n] ljjfxdf ;]tf] klx/g k|of]u ub{5g\ . pgLx¿ ;]tf] /ªnfO{ kljq /ª dfGb5g\ . kf7 ^xfd|f] klx/g / kl/sf/x¿

44 cf]Pl;; ;fdflhs cWoog tyf dfgjd"No lzIff – & kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t dflg;x¿n] ljlzi6 klx/gsf ;fy;fy} ljleGg lsl;dsf u/uxgf klg k|of]u ub{5g\ . klx/gx¿ k];fsf cfwf/df klg km/s x'G5g\ . h:t} lxGb' k'/f]lxtx¿n] sldh / wf]tLsf] k|of]u ub{5g\ . nfdfx¿ k|foM u]? /ªsf] klx/g nufpF5g\ . To:t} emfFqmLx¿ ku/L, ef]6f] / hfdf nufpF5g\ . . cfhef]ln k|foM g]kfnLx¿n] cfˆgf df}lns klx/gx¿eGbf klg ljb]zL klx/gx¿ g} a9L k|of]u ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 . JolQmn] klx/g h] nufP klg pQm klx/g e8\lsnf] x'g' x'Fb}g . xfd|f ;fdflhs ;+/rgfx¿n] ;lhn} :jLsf/ ug{] lsl;dsf] x'g'kb{5 . cfˆgf] klxrfg / ;+:s[ltnfO{ arfO/fVg xfdLn] ;fdflhstfnfO{ Wofg lbg'kb{5 . c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ / b]vfl;sLnfO{ ;s];Dd 6f9} /fVg'kb{5 . ca d oxfFx¿nfO{ xfd|f df}lns kl/sf/x¿sfaf/]df atfpg rfxG5'. ljleGg lsl;dsf cGg, kmnkm"n, jg:klt, d;nf, t/sf/L cflbsf] pkof]u u/L agfOPsf vfg]s'/f g} kl/sf/ x'g\ . g]kfndf :yfg, hflt, wd{ / ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿n] vfg] vfg]s'/f ljlzi6 5g\ . ;do, pT;j / rf8kj{cg';f/ klg xfd|f vfg]s'/fx¿ km/s 5g\ . xfdL b;}Fdf df;'sf kl/sf/x¿, ltxf/df ;]n/f]6L, df3];+qmflGtdf t?n, £o' / rfs', hg}k"l0f{dfdf SjfF6L, 57df 7]s'jf tyf ljjfxdf s;f/ cflb agfpF5f}+ . To:t} xfd|f] efG;fdf b}lgs ¿kdf aGg] l9F8f], lv/, af/f, of]d/L, eSsf, d:of}/f cflb klg xfd|f ljlzi6 vfg]s'/f x'g\ . kxf8L If]qdf a;f]af; ug{] lxGb' ;d'bfodf ljjfxdf s;f/ agfP/ vfg] rng 5 . t/fO{sf ljleGg If]qdf eSsfsf] k|rng 5 . g]jf/L ;d'bfon] of]d/Lsf] k|of]u ub{5g\ . olt eGb} d d]/f] egfO oxLF cGTo ub{5'. wGojfb † lqmofsnfk s= tkfO+{sf] sIffdf ljleGg ;d'bfosf ljBfyL{x¿ 5g\ xf]nf . pgLx¿n] cfˆgf wfld{s ;+:sf/x¿df s'g s'g klx/g k|of]u ub{5g\, ;f]w]/ n]Vg'xf];\ . v= tkfO{F+sf] 3/df ljleGg ;dodf aGg] xfd|f df}lns kl/sf/x¿ s] s] x'g\ < kl/sf/ / ;dosf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ .