UNIT 17 EXPRESSING SURPRISE AND DISMAY Objectives of the unit After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò express surprise and dismay Ò respond to surprise and dismay Ò write short dialogue expressing surprise and dismay Ò use vocabulary of surprise and dismay like wow, ouch, etc. STEP FUN COMMUNICATION 1 Why did you swallow the money I gave you, John? You said it was my lunch money. Riddle-Giggle Read and Relish. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 295
STEP 2 LET’S TALK Language function: expressing surprise and dismay Talking Item - 1 Prasad : Hey, Rahul! I heard you got into St. Xavier’s College. Rahul : Yes, I did. Prasad : Wow, man! That’s awesome! Rahul : It is, isn’t it? But I studied real hard for its entrance exam. Prasad : So, when are you leaving? Rahul : I guess next month. I have already rented an apartment there. Prasad : Wow! That’s great! All by yourself ? Rahul : Yup! I’ve been saving for this for a long time. Talking Item - 2 Anju : Hey, Rahul! I heard you’ll be leaving next month. Rahul : Actually, I’m going next week. Anju : Are you kidding me? So soon? Rahul : Yeah. I have a lot to deal with when I get there. I have rented an apartment too. Anju : Wow! That’s great. How much did you have to deposit in advance? Rahul : I didn’t have to pay up front. I pulled some strings so there was no deposit. Anju : You’re kidding me! This is amazing. I’m so happy for you. Talking Item - 3 Saru : Where have you been, Bimal? I’ve been calling you all day long. Bimal : I’m sorry. I was out. I forgot my phone at home. 296 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Saru : You are unbelievable. We had plans for today. Bimal : I know. I’m sorry. I forgot to tell you that I would be busy today. Saru : What was so important? Bimal : I had to go for a football match. Saru : Unbelievable! Your match was more important than our plans? Bimal : You’re unbelievable, Saru, Just understand. I need some time for myself too. Talking Item - 4 Atul : Hey Anuj. Did you hear it? Anuj : What happened, Atul? Atul : Rahul got into St. Xavier. Anuj : I don’t believe it. Really? Atul : Yea. He’s moving next week. Anuj : Is he staying at the dorm? Atul : No. He’ll be staying in a rental apartment. Anuj : I don’t believe it, man. That’s fantastic. Talking Item - 5 Anjali : Hey, Rita! Have you heard? Rita : What? Anjali : Suraj got a serious accident. Rita : O my God! It’s really bad. How is he now? Anjali : He is serious and in the hospital. Rita : Oh, no! I had never expected to hear this. What to do? Anjali : Let’s go to see him. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 297
STEP 3 READING READING ITEM - I Story Read the lesson thoroughly at home before you are taught it in the classroom. Find its difficult words and phrases. Write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Pre-reading Project Pre-reading Activity Do you know any story related to presence of mind? Tell it to your friends. While Reading Activity 1. Read, find and discuss. Why did Trickylal and his wife leave their home? What did they see on the way? How did Trickylal enjoy one year? The Challenge Trickylal and his wife Melina lived happily in their cottage. They didn’t have kids. Trickylal was famous for his wisdom and presence of mind. Actually, his name was Tilak. People gave him a nick name Trickylal for his ability to make tricks. Once there occurred a long draught in their village. Trickylal had nothing to eat. So he left the village in search of livelihood with his wife. They were travelling to Humpy, a rich village due to suitable climate. 298 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
On their way, they came across a small town. There was a huge crowd gathered near the village temple. His wife got curious and dragged Trickylal with her to see what the hustle was all about. They pushed their way through the crowd and saw a bodybuilder in the center. There he was, a six feet man, exhibiting his strength by carrying a huge gunny bag on his left shoulder; and proudly twirling his mustache with his right hand! A man standing next to Trickylal said, “He is carrying 100 kg of rice”. To this Trickylal said loudly, “This is nothing! I can carry 200 kg of rice”. Everyone turned towards Trickylal in amuse, including the bodybuilder. Enjoying all this attention, Trickylal pointed towards a nearby hill and said, “Of course, I can carry that hill on my bare shoulder too”. The villagers gaped at him, and his wife was stunned! Although it sounded bizarre, everyone was super excited on hearing this and started cheering for Trickylal. He said, “I said I can do it. But did I say I’ll do it right now? Carrying a hill requires months of preparation”. He turned to the bodybuilder and asked, “For how long did you prepare to lift this gunny bag of rice?” “Six months”, he replied. To which the Village Chief asked Trickylal, “How long will you take to carry that hill?” And Trickylal said, “Twelve months!” I need to eat a lot of food to build muscles and I’ll also need somebody to massage my body daily”. His wife also played along. She said, “We would also need a house to live. We’re not from this village”. The village chief made all arrangements for them and asked the bodybuilder to give Trickylal a body massage daily. “We’ll gather here, exactly after twelve months from now”, he announced. Now, at least for twelve months, they would not have to worry about food. Villagers bought in milk, honey, curd, rice, and what not! Trickylal was indeed leading a lavish life. The D-Day: Twelve months passed swiftly, and the D-day arrived. The whole town had gathered to watch this heroic act! Trickylal stood in the center of the circle and sat down, and announced that he was ready. Everyone was puzzled, and the Village Chief asked impatiently, “What are you waiting for?” Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 299
“I’m waiting for your men to place the hill on my shoulder and I will carry that,” Trickylal replied calmly. “But who will lift the hill?” “That’s your problem! I never said I will lift the hill.” The Chief understood that Trickylal had outwitted them, he joined his hands in salutation, and everyone started laughing! Trickylal returned to his home after twelve months. Think right tip: The use of intellect and wit can tackle the biggest problem easily. Post-reading Activities VOCABULARY TEST 2. Learn and add. Learn the word meanings and add a synonym to them. defeated bewildered salute gazed rapidly waving declared unusual athlete trial displaying surprised Words Meanings Synonyms announced bizarre bodybuilder challenge exhibiting gaped outwitted puzzled salutation stunned swiftly twirling proclaimed strange weightlifter contest showing stared bested baffled greeting shocked quickly winding ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... ................................... 300 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
3. Match the words with their meanings. D-Day Cunning acts or schemes intended to deceive or outwit someone Gunny The way someone earns the money to pay for food, house and clothing. Tricks A strong coarse loosely woven material made from jute for bagging and sacking Livelihood any day of special significance COMPREHENSION CHECK 4. Decide true or false and correct the false statements. a. The real name of Tilak was Trickylal. b. Tilak got his nick name because of his witticism and tricks. c. The draught forced Trickylal to leave village. d. Trickylal lived with his children and wife in a bungalow. e. He lived in a small town to show his strength. f. He claimed that he could carry the hill on his soldier. g. For one year, he lived a poor life in the town. 5. Answer the following questions: a. Why do villagers call Tilak as Trickylal? b. Why did he leave village with his wife? c. What did they see on the way? d. What did he claim there? e. Why did the Village Chief manage everything for him? f. How did Trickylal outwit the Village Chief? CREATIVE WORK Write a story of your own giving moral: importance of presence of mind. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 301
READING ITEM - II Conversation Read the lesson thoroughly at home before you are taught it in the classroom. Find its difficult words and phrases. Write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Pre-reading Project Talking about Travelling Read and act out the conversation and do the activities that flow. David : Which tourist attractions do you prefer when travelling_ historical places or natural landmarks? John : Well, historical places are always my first choice when travelling. They highlight the glorious past of a nation. It helps to know their history. David : What do you usually do when visiting historical places? John : I usually listen to the tour-guide introducing the sights and take notes about important historical events. David : Can you name some of the historical places you have visited? John : Whenever I travel to a foreign country, I always visit its famous historical places. Some of them are the Pyramids in Egypt, Angkor Wat in Cambodia, Stonehenge in England, the Great Wall in China, Sensoji Temple in Japan, Notre Dame Cathedral in France and the Taj Mahal in India. David : What’s your most favorite historical place and why? John : I love the Pyramids the most. Taking a tour around the Pyramids, I can not only enjoy the gorgeous architecture but also learn cultural and historical values of the ancient Egyptian culture. They amaze every visitor. David : What is the most famous historical place in your country? John : It’s definitely the Statue of Liberty in New York City. David : What’s special about it? 302 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
John : The statue was gifted by the people of France. It is a symbol of freedom for the US as well as a welcoming sight to people coming to the US from another country. David : Where is it located? John : It’s located on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, NYC. David : Should the youth visit historical places instead of other places? John : Sure. Nowadays, the youth should visit these kinds of places more often in order to preserve historical and cultural values of their country. David : It’s nice to talk to you. Thank you for your opinions. John : Thank you so much for giving me a chance to express my views. VOCABULARY TEST Match the words with their meanings. harbor the principal church of a district gorgeous feature of a landscape that is easily seen from a distance landmarks beautiful; very attractive. cathedral concerning history or past events historical a place on the coast where ships may moor in shelter COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. Complete the sentences with the correct information from the text. a. John prefers to visit ______________ b. The Statue of liberty lies in ______________ c. The Statue of Liberty was given by the people of ______________ Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 303
d. The statue of Liberty stands for the ______________ of America. e. The Great Wall lies in China while the Pyramids are located in _____ . 2. Answer the following questions: a. Where does John belong to? b. What does John want to see while visiting other countries? c. What does he do while visiting these places? d. Name five places where he has visited. e. What does he like the most and why? f. Why was the Statue of Liberty given? g. What does John suggest to the youth? CREATIVE WORK Write a conversation between two friends talking about travelling. STEP 4 LET’S RECITE Animals’ Sounds A cat makes a meow, a bird makes a tweet A lion makes a roar, a lamb makes a bleat A duck makes a quack, a wolf makes a howl A dog makes a bark, a bear makes a growl A horse makes a whinny, a dove makes a coo A snake makes a hiss, a cow makes a moo Animals are all around Each one makes a different sound. -Bruce Larkin COMPREHENSION CHECK Make a list of animals and their sounds mentioned in the poem. 304 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
PROJECT WORK Surf the Internet and make a pocket dictionary of animals and their sounds. STEP 5 GRAMMAR WORK simple past past continuous past perfect Look at the following sentences: When the teacher came in, the girls were texting. The girls were texting when the teacher came in. I had completed my task before the boss arrived. We were shouting when the principal came in. Exercise 26 Complete the sentences using the simple past, past continuous or past perfect. a. By the time he (arrive) _________at the pub, they (finish) _________ their dinner. b. Before that day we (never/think)_________of going to America. c. They (not/know) _________where to meet because nobody (tell) _________them. d. It (be) ______cloudy for days before it finally (begin) ______to rain. e. When we (wake up),_______ his mother( already/ prepare)_________ breakfast. f. We (go) _________to London because the Queen (invite) _________ us for tea. g. He (hear) _________the news, (go) _________to the telephone and (call) _________a friend. h. Jane (already/type)_________ten pages when her computer (crash)_________ i. Before the students (start) _______the test, they ________off their mobiles (switch). Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 305
j. After we (take) _________lunch, we (start) _________to play. k. When she (call) _________me, I (sleep) _________ l. It (rain) _________before we(leave)_________ m. I(read) _________in bed when I (hear) _________a noise. n. My father (drive) ______our car when we (meet) ______the accident. STEP 6 WRITING SKILL ITEM - I Writing Dialogue Write the conversations on the given situations: a. Your mother feels great surprise when you tell her about your result as you topped the class. Now compose a dialogue between you and your mother. b. Your friend calls you to tell you that he has been selected for the interschool speech competition. Now compose a dialogue between you and your friend. c. Your friend has come to your home to make a plan for summer holiday. Now compose a dialogue between you and your friend. d. Your friend lost his pocket money on the way to school and he is looking sad. Now compose a dialogue between you and your friend. e. You could not complete your project on the due date. Now compose a dialogue between you and your teacher. STEP 7 WORD POWER COMPOUND WORDS (i) A compound word is formed when two words are combined to make a new word. Examples: Let’ play football.(foot+ball) Keep your book inside (in+side) your bag. 306 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
(ii) Make compound words by matching appropriate words together. These are closed compound words. They are written together such as: school+house=schoolhouse, basket+ball=basketball every light lay self mail flower grand hooper night side some body everybody any time out thing grass box sun father moon fall one out (iii) Make compound words by matching appropriate words together. These are open compound words. They are written separately such as: carry + over = carry over, no + one = no one, high + school = high school living fiction post driver full pool ice tree web officer root room police office voice moon Christmas cream swimming page Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 307
bus word science mail (iv) Hyphenated compound words Hyphenated compound words are formed when two or more separate words are joined together by a hyphen. Examples: twenty-one, father-in-law, long-term, check-in, merry-go-round, sixty-two, up-to-date, one-half, over-the-counter, mother-in-law, STEP word WORDS IN USE use 8 Look at the meanings of the following compound conjunctions and fill in the blanks to complete the sentences. as though : as if (used to show comparison) as long as : during the whole time that provided that : on the condition that as soon as : in the shortest possible time as much as : as much as another in order that : so that something can happen, in order to Exercise a. My grandfather drinks tea ____________________ juice. b. He talked ____________________ he knew all about it c. ____________________ you’re going, I’ll go too. d. I will go ____________________ she comes. e. We will come ____________________ we can. f. It looks ____________________ you’ve not met before. g. I’ll go by car ____________________ I can take more luggage. h. She works overtime _________________ she can save more money. i. We will work together ____________________ we live. 308 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP 9 DICTIONARY WORK Words and phrases to express surprise Look up given words/phrases in a dictionary or surf them on the Internet how they are used to express surprise. Write down them with examples. Really, what, how, well, are you serious, are you for real, you gotta be kidding me, no way, what a surprise, wonderful, O my God. STEP 11 LISTENING TEST Listen and answer in True or False. a. The required post is an administrative assistant. b. He is interviewing for the position of a bank manager. c. He can type 55 words per minute. d. The company requires an experienced person. e. The company requires a bilingual. f. The candidate is a good bilingual. g. He works at a fast food restaurant. h. He is earning $5 per hour. i. This was a good interview. He will get the job. j. The candidate wants to leave Joe’s Hamburger Palace. STEP 12 PROJECT WORK Make a list of the sounds and babies of animals. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 309
UNIT 18 SEEKING CONFIRMATION READ AND LAUGH Changes by Computer Before the computer An application was for employment A program was a TV show A cursor used profanity A keyboard was a piano! Memory was something that you lost with age A CD was a bank account! And if you had a broken disk, It would hurt when you found out! Compress was something you did to garbage Not something you did to a file And if you unzipped anything in public You’d be in jail for awhile! Objectives of the unit After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: ask questions to seek confirmation and respond to them interpret charts and tables described a market place prepare menus and timetable use question tag use some defining words like biologist, archeologist, etc. use determiners ‘some’ and ‘any’ correctly STEP FUN COMMUNICATION 1 310 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Log on was adding wood to a fire Hard drive was a long trip on the road A mouse pad was where a mouse lived And a backup happened to your commode! Cut--you did with a pocket knife Paste you did with glue A web was a spider’s home And a virus was the flu! I guess I’ll stick to my pad and paper And the memory in my head I hear nobody’s been killed in a computer crash But when it happens they wish they were dead! STEP 2 LET’S TALK Language Function Ò seeking confirmation Talking Item - 1 A : Hey, Karan. Let’s play a game, shall we? B : That’s a good idea. But what type of game? A : Checking Game! B : Checking Game? What type of game is it? A : It is a game of tag questions. It is used to get confirmation. You are ready, aren’t you? B : Yes, I am. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 311
Talking Item - 2 A : You like Mathematics, don’t you? B : Yes, I do. A : You like horror films, don’t you? B : No, I don’t. I like romantic films. A : You liked old school, didn’t you? B : Yes, I did. A : Your father likes science movies, doesn’t he? B : Yes, he does. Talking Item - 3 A : Let’s guess about professions, shall we? B : Yes. Your grandfather was an army, wasn’t he? A : Yes, he was. B : Your grandmother was a nurse, wasn’t she? A : No. B : Your father worked as a tourist guide, didn’t he? A : Yes, he did. B : Your brother will join army, won’t he? A : Yes, he will. B : You will be a forester, won’t you? A : Yes. Talking Item - 4 A : Our English teacher is absent today, isn’t he? B : Yes, he is. Let’s play a quiz, shall we? 312 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
A : Yes. Help me first to complete my class work, will you? B : OK. We can go out, can’t we? A : No, we can’t. We have to stay in the classroom, don’t we? B : Yes. But somebody should come to teach us, shouldn’t they? A : Yes. STEP 3 READING Menu, timetable A visit to a market place READING ITEM - I A Visit to a Market Place Read the lesson thoroughly at home before you are taught it in the classroom. Find its difficult words and phrases. Write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Pre-reading Project Pre-reading Activity Have you ever visited a market place? What experience do you have? Share it with your friends. While Reading Activity Read, find and discuss. Why did the speaker’s mother not want to take him? What type of market is Asan Tol? Asan Tol A market is an open area or building where people meet to buy and sell goods. Different goods are available for purchase in a market. Numerous markets are available in a particular city. Different kinds of goods are sold in markets. Most Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 313
of the markets are placed close to residential areas for the convenience of the customers. I had heard a lot about the oldest and busiest market called ‘Asan Tol in Kathmandu. I had never visited it. A few days before my brother’s marriage, when my mother was going for shopping, I insisted to accompany her. However, she tried her best to discourage me from coming but I requested hard. She even told me that there would be too much crowd and a child like me may be very tired. However, I still insisted and at last she gave me consent. On the way to Asan, I asked my mother about this market place and she told me in detail. She told me that Asan Tol is usually spoken as Asan Bazar. It is a ceremonial market and residential square in central Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. It is one of the most well-known historical locations in the city and is famed for its bazaar, festival calendar and strategic location. Asan has been described as one of the fine traditional Asian markets. The Tuladhar, Maharjan, Shrestha, Bajracharya and Shakya castes make up most of the population of this place. Six streets converge on Asan giving the square a perpetual bustle. The bazaar at Asan attracts shoppers from all over Kathmandu because of the tremendous variety of merchandise sold here, ranging from foodstuffs, spices and textiles to electronics and bullion. Both retailers and the whole sellers also come here for trading. 314 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Asan is also one of the popular tourist spots in the city because of its architectural sights and charming ambiance. There are banks, restaurants and a post office. Two taxi stands and bus stops are situated on the eastern side. We started on our journey. After about two hours on the road, we reached the famous Asan Bazaar I had heard that it was the biggest and oldest market of Kathmandu. I saw hundreds of men rushing up and down everywhere. It appeared as if they were hurrying for an important mission. The sight of the crowd frightened me. I started questioning myself why I chose to come here. As we proceeded towards the shops, I was impressed. Different items were kept for sale and all the shops were too crowded. Walking through the crowd, first we went to suiting and shirting shops where we had to make bulk purchases for my brother and gifting to friends and relatives. Each shop was crowded with customers. I was confused to see huge stocks of suiting and shirting piled up in each of these shops. In every shop, salespersons were busy with the customers. While shopping in one of the shops we got some relief from the pushing on the crowded lanes. I was once again a bit fresh and now we were looking for a good jewellery shop. I was surprised to see so many jewellery shops. I had never imagined that expensive gold items could be available in so many shops. In these lanes, we spent nearly two hours glancing into one shop to another and making selections of different gold ornaments. Seeing the fast movement of the customers in and out of the shops, my mother said that these days the sale was more than usual because of the marriage season. Moreover, the festival season was also round the corner. After having bought several bags of clothes, jewellery and other important things, we finally stepped out from the shop. Believe me; we were almost lost in those jammed lanes and by-lanes. Finally, we had to ask someone to guide us to the main road. Such a visit was my first experience. I was impressed to see the shops full of items and different markets for different things. Although it was a tiring day, our shopping was wonderful. This was my most interesting visit to a market place. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 315
Post-reading Activities VOCABULARY TEST 1. Learn and add. Learn the given word meanings and add a synonym to them. permission suitability disappoint scared awestruck vowed products duty unending tactical marvelous attend environment substance commotion Words Meanings Synonyms accompany ambiance bulk bustle consent convenience discourage frightened impressed insisted merchandise mission perpetual strategic tremendous go with atmosphere majority hubbub agreement ease dishearten terrified fascinated asserted goods task continuous planned great _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ COMPREHENSION CHECK 2. Choose the correct option. a. A place where people sell and buy goods is called a: i. Museum ii. Zoo iii. Market 316 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
b. Most of the markets are placed: i. Far from the residential areas ii. Close to the residential areas iii. Away from the main road c. Asan Tol is a: i. Modern market ii. Traditional market iii. New residential area d. Asan Tol lies: i. In the central of Pokhara ii. In the central of Kathmandu iii. In the central of main road e. The chief residents of this area are: i. Brahmin ii. Rai iii. Newar 3. Answer the following questions: a. What is called a market? b. Where is Asan Tol? c. What kind of market place is Asan Tol? d. What kinds of goods are sold here? e. Write five features of Asan Bazaar? f. How did the speaker feel? CREATIVE WORK Have you ever visited a market that impressed you much? Describe your experiences in detail. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 317
READING ITEM - II Menu Look at the following menu: BREAKFAST Plain toast with hash brown potato Rs. 160 Butter toast with hash brown potato Rs. 165 Masala omelet with h/b Rs. 165 Plain omelet with h/b Rs. 165 French toast with h/b Rs. 160 Boiled egg with h/b Rs. 150 SOUP Mushroom soup Rs. 150 Veg. clear soup Rs. 145 Veg. mushroom soup Rs. 150 Chicken soup Rs. 165 Chicken mushroom soup Rs. 180 Hot & sour soup (Chicken) Rs. 200 SANDWICH Chicken sandwich Rs. 200 Veg. sandwich Rs. 180 Club sandwich Rs. 240 MENU Exercise Suppose you are going to open a restaurant. Now prepare a MENU for your restaurant. 318 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP 4 LET’S RECITE Pre-reading Activity What is your aim? Tell your friends. While Reading Activity Read, find and discuss What does the poet think about his aim? My Aim When I am alone, my heart starts sinking I feel disturbed and just keep thinking Who am I, what is my aim Will I ever be true to my name? Sitting alone, lost in thoughts Sometimes I wander, far away Searching, in vain, for answers To those many questions I lay Then I look into myself Suddenly all seems so clear I find all queries answered I find my goal coming near I come to believe, I’m a Human That is my only claim To spread LOVE and BROTHERHOOD That is my only AIM Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 319
COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. Find the words of the following definitions from the poem. a. The object of a person’s ambition or effort; an aim or desired result: _________ b. Belonging to a person or to people as opposed to animals: _________ c. A feeling ofshared interests and support among men, or more generally, among all humans: _________ d. To say that something is true or is a fact, although you cannot prove it: _________ e. A set of ideas about a particular subject: _________ 2. Answer the following questions: a. When does the poet get disturbed? b. What questions does he ask himself? c. What aim does the poet find for himself at the end? CREATIVE WORK Compose a poem about your aim. Recite your poem to your friends. ONLINE READING Read some of the poems about aim on the Internet. Write down one of them which you like the most. STEP 5 GRAMMAR WORK GRAMMAR ITEM: Question Tag Look at the following sentences: You are a student, aren’t you? You study at Star Academy, don’t you? She was not present, was she? We will go out, won’t we? 320 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Let’s go, shall we? Let me go, will you? Everyone knows it, don’t they? Sit down, will you? They called you, didn’t they? He drinks coffee, doesn’t he? He does not drink coffee, does he? None helped us, did they? Grammar Note:- A question tag is a type of yes/no question. It is used to get confirmation while speaking. If a statement is affirmative, its question tag is negative. If a statement is negative, its question tag is positive. Exercise 27 Add the appropriate question tag to the following statements: a. It rained yesterday,didn’t it? b. You weren’t listening to me, were you? c. She went to school, ____________________ d. I am a teacher, ____________________ e. They did not know us, ____________________ f. Let’s go home now, ____________________ g. Let us play now, ____________________ h. Don’t disturb us, ____________________ i. Everyone knows it, ____________________ j. They will not come tomorrow, ____________________ k. Keep quiet, ____________________ l. They had hidden something, ____________________ m. She has got a camera, ____________________ n. None came here, ____________________ o. She forgot to call me, ____________________ Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 321
p. They could dance, ____________________ q. He can pass the exam, ____________________ r. People did not like him, ____________________ s. Sabin played well, ____________________ t. We should love our country, ____________________ STEP 6 WRITING ITEM - I Hotel Menu Look at the given menu: Cozy Hot Cafe Tea Type Per Cup Small Pot Large Pot Black Tea 43 90 170 Milk Tea 55 110 190 Milk Tea (Nepali) 65 130 210 Black Coffee 65 130 210 Lemon Tea 70 130 225 Mint Tea 75 135 230 Tulasi Tea 75 135 230 Ajwain Tea 75 135 230 Herbal Tea 75 135 230 Hot Milk (per glass) 70 Hot Chocolate (per glass) 180 Hot Lemon With Honey/Ginger 150 Exercise Prepare a menu for your new hotel or a cafe. 322 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP 7 WORD POWER: MAKING NEW WORDS MAKING NOUNS FROM VERBS We can change verbs into nouns such as; agree is a verb and agreement is a noun, amuse is a verb and amusement is a noun. Use the following suffixes to the following verbs and change them into nouns. -tion -y -ure -t -th -sion -al -ence -ance -ment -age VERB NOUN VERB NOUN develop development differ difference post refer invest reside govern approve punish arrive achieve betray pay dispose excite refuse attend propose enter decide disturb divide perform act depend collect correct add decorate inspect attract translate assemble depart discover press Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 323
marry waste pass grow pack weigh STEP word WORDS IN USE use 8 Homographs (homonyms) A homograph is a word that shares the same written form as another word but has a different meaning. Look at some homographs. (i) Use the following homographs in your own sentences as shown in the example. close = to shut, close = nearby, convict = to accuse, convict = a criminal, minute = 60 seconds, minute = small, tiny, suspect = to question, suspect = some in question, wind = blowing air, wind = to roll up, left = direction, left = to leave behind, right = correct, right = direction, state = a place, state = to say Example: a. The kids are going to watch TV tonight. b. What time is it? I have to set my watch. (ii) What meaning does the homograph give in each sentence? Write (a) or (b) in the blanks choosing from the right column. 1. The singer made a low bow________to the audience. 2. Maria placed a red bow________on the birthday gift. a) decorative ribbon b) bend at the waist 324 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
3. All the students are present ________today. 4. The boss will present the ________the award at 10:00 a) not absent b) give 5. Please close________the door. 6. The boy sat close________to his uncle. a) near b) shut 7. Ouch! The mosquito bit________me. 8. I’ll have a little bit ________sugar in my tea. a) Past tense of bite b) a tiny amount 9. Let’s play________football after school. 10. He wrote a new play________ a) drama b) participate in a sport 11. My rabbits are in a pen________outside. 12. Please sign this form with a black pen________ a) a cage b) writing instrument. 13. The bat________ flies at night. 14. Do you have a new bat? ________ a) a piece of wood to play cricket b) an animal (iii) Write the correct word in the blank space. bark, tears, park, saw, bear, bank a. Dinesh ________________his letters after reading them. b. There is a banyan tree on the ______________ of the river. c. I usually ________________my car in the assigned space. d. I ________________her at the beach last evening. e. Rahul uses a________________to chop trees. f. The mere sight of a grizzly ________________was terrifying. g. We like going to the ________________for relaxation. h. ________________rolled down Rima’s face, when he hurt his foot. i. Himal’s injury was too painful to him to ________________ j. The ________________of an oak tree has medicinal properties. k. I have to go to ______________ to cash money. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 325
STEP 9 LISTENING TEST Listen and complete. Job interviews are always hit and miss for me. Sometimes I have a great ______ and get the job. Other times, my interview bombs and I don’t get the job. It’s really important to ______ for the interview. You must also be ______ and make sure the ______ knows you really want the job. The ______ is to make the interviewer think you are the best person for the ______ . I always wear my best ______ and arrive early. I always smile when I walk into the interview room. First ______ are very important. It’s also a good idea to talk about your ______ sell yourself. Make sure you have a few good questions to ask at the end of the interview. Interview ______ is something we learn over time ______ you get to relax more the more interviews you have. STEP 10 PROJECT WORK Visit some hotels and restaurants of your area. Look at their menus. Then, prepare a menu for a hotel. 326 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Waiting for You! A couple from Minneapolis decided to go to Florida for a long weekend to thaw out during one particularly icy winter. Because both had jobs, they had difficulty coordinating their travel schedules. It was decided that the husband would fly to Florida on a Thursday, and his wife would follow him the next day. Upon arriving as planned, the husband checked into the hotel. There he decided to open his laptop and send his wife an e-mail back in Minneapolis. However, he accidentally left off one letter in her address, and sent the e-mail without realizing his error. In Houston, a widow had just returned from her husband’s funeral. He was a minister of many years who had been ‘called home to glory’ following a heart attack. The widow checked her e-mail, expecting messages from relatives and friends. Upon reading the first message, she fainted and fell to the floor. The widow’s son rushed into the room, found his mother on the floor, and saw the computer screen which read: UNIT 19 REPORTING FACTS AND TRUTHS Objectives of the unit After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò report facts and truths Ò to interpret charts and tables Ò use some defining words like biologist, archeologist, etc. Ò use determiners ‘some’ and ‘any’ correctly STEP FUN COMMUNICATION 1 Riddle-Giggle Read and Relish. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 327
To: My Loving Wife From: Your Departed Husband Subject: I’ve Arrived! I’ve just arrived and have checked in. I see that everything has been prepared for your arrival tomorrow. Looking forward to seeing you then! Hope your journey is as uneventful as mine was. (P.S. Sure is hot down here!) Shelly STEP 2 LET’S TALK Language Function Ò reporting facts and truths Talking Item - 1 A : Hello, Rima! Did you go to school yesterday? B : Yes. But you didn’t come. What happened to you, Seema? A : I was sick. By the way, what did our science teacher teach? B : He taught us gravitational force. A : Oh, then what did he say about gravitational force? B : He said that the earth pulls everything towards it. It is called gravitational force. A : What other things did he say? B : He said that everything remains on the earth because of its gravitational force. We can stand on the earth because of its gravitational force. A : What did our English teacher say? 328 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
B : He said that if the reporting verb is in the past tense, the verb of the reported speech is also changed into past tense. Talking Item - 2 Son : Daddy, please help me with my homework. Father : OK, dear. First, open your books and tell me what your teachers taught you. Son : Dad, our math teacher said if we multiply plus by minus, it becomes minus. He said that 9 is the greatest number of one digit and 1 is the smallest number of one digit. Father : What did he say about the greatest number of two digits? Son : He said that 99 is the greatest number of two digits. Father : What did your science teacher say? Son : He said that the earth moves around the sun. Father : What other things did he say? Son : He said that all planets move around the sun. Father : What did your English teacher say about proper nouns? Son : He said that the first letter of a proper noun must be written in the capital letter. Father : You are my genius son. Well-done! STEP 3 READING READING ITEM - I A Text based on Fact Read the lesson thoroughly at home before you are taught it in the classroom. Find its difficult words and phrases. Write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Pre-reading Project Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 329
The Magnificent Maldives The Maldives are a group of very small islands in the Indian Ocean, near Sri Lanka. It has the smallest population of any Asian countries. There are about 1200 islands. People live on 200 of them. About 4, 00,000 people live in the Maldives and 75,000 of them are on the capital island, Male. Male is different from the other islands in the Maldives because it doesn’t have any beaches. In fact, there is a small wall that goes around the whole island. Water cabin Eighty- seven of the islands in the Maldives have different types of hotels on them, so tourists can go and enjoy their holidays. They can even stay in a small cabin right over the water like the one in the picture. Dhoni It is very easy to get around the islands. When you arrive on the airport island, you can take a Dhoni and go to Male. This is a small boat used for transportation around the islands. Dhoni taxis go from the airport island to the capital island every fifteen minutes and after midnight every half an hour. You can use these boats to visit other islands, too. The Maldives are a popular place for scuba diving, because there are many wonderful fish in the water to see. Also, the water is very clear so when you are underwater, you can see for more than 50 metres! There 330 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
are many professional diving and schools with instructors. They speak many languages, so you can find someone to help you. Of course, that’s not all you can do on these beautiful islands. You can go whale and dolphin watching, fishing, surfing, snorkeling, hiking or explore the towns. Post-reading Activities VOCABULARY TEST 1. Choose the correct word for each meaning. instructors professional island magnificent snorkeling explore hiking surfing a. --------------------: a piece of land surrounded by water b. --------------------: extremely beautiful, elaborate, or impressive c. --------------------: a person who teaches something d. --------------------: a person engaged or qualified in a profession e. --------------------: the activity of swimming while using a snorkel f. --------------------: to search and discover (about something) g. --------------------: the activity of going for long walksin the countryside h. -------------------- : to ride on a wave as it comes towards land, while standing or lying on a special board Comprehension Check 2. Answer the following questions: a. How many islands are there in the Maldives? b. What’s the population of the Maldives? c. What’s the capital of the Maldives? d. Does Male have beautiful beaches? e. How can you go from one island to another? f. How many metres can you see underwater? g. What sports can you do in the Maldives? Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 331
READING ITEM - II Instruction Read the lesson thoroughly at home before you are taught it in the classroom. Find its difficult words and phrases. Write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Pre-reading Project Operating instructions of an electronic gadget Eight Quick Steps to Start a Laptop for the First Time Unbox the computer and place it on a table. Use the power cable of your laptop to recharge it. Touch the power buttons to turn on your laptop. Wait for the laptop to boot and reach the idle state. Set your preferred region and language in the first phase of the installation process. Tap the next button. On the next page, click I accept to agree to the terms and conditions. Enter your email address in the next page or click skip. Go with the instructions to finish the how to start laptop first time. Instructions to Avoid the Contact of Covid-19 Recent surges of COVID-19 in some countries are a reminder of the importance of continuing to take precautions. Here are some things you and your family can take to help avoid infection: Instructions to avoid the contact of COVID-19 Avoid crowded places, confined and enclosed spaces with poor ventilation, and try to practice physical distancing from people in public, keeping at least one metre distance between yourself and others. Wear a mask when in public places where there is community transmission and where physical distancing is not possible. Wash your hands frequently using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub. Keep all indoor spaces well ventilated. Cover mouth and nose with flexed elbow or tissue when coughing or sneezing. Dispose of used tissue immediately. 332 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Regularly clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces like phones, doorknobs, light switches and counter-tops. Seek medical care early if you or your child has a fever, cough, difficulty breathing or other symptoms of COVID-19. Exercise 1. Write a set of instructions on how to brush teeth. 2. Write a set of instructions on how to make milk tea. STEP 4 LET’S RECITE Read the lesson thoroughly at home before you are taught it in the classroom. Find its difficult words and phrases. Write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Pre-reading Project Pre-reading Activity a. Why do you love your life? Tell your friend. b. How can you say that you are an optimistic person? While Reading Activity Read, find and discuss. Why does the poet love his life? Discuss. How does the poet want to make difference? I Love My Life I love everything about my life to rise Because I choose to look through optimistic eyes I find ways to infuse joy into every situation Even when life lies in bad condition I uncover ways to create new routes better I seize every opportunity to create adventure I look for the silver lining in every challenge Solving every problem with knowledge Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 333
I make the best of each day Looking forward with gay I can make a difference in the world Because I am always hopeful and bold Comprehension Check 1. Write the words of the following definitions: opportunity adventure challenge optimistic situation a. ___________ : hopeful and confident about the future b. ___________ : a set of circumstances in which one finds oneself; a state of affairs. c. ___________ : a time or set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something. d. ___________ : an unusual and exciting or daring experience e. ___________ : a call to someone to participate in a competitive situation or fight f. ___________ : a sign of hope in an unfortunate or gloomy situation; a bright prospect 2. Complete the summary with the correct words from the box. silver forward hope knowledge difference hopeful life optimistic bright venture opportunity The poet loves everything about his ___________ to rise. He has an ___________ outlook. That means he is always positive and hopeful. He always finds ___________ side of the things. He finds an ___________ in every problem. He tries to grab every opportunity for a new ___________ . He looks for the ___________ lining in every challenge. That means he finds a sign of ___________ in every unfortunate situation. He tries to solve every problem with ___________ and skill. He makes the best of each day and looks ___________ with pleasure. He is confident that he can make a ___________ in the world because he is very ___________ and courageous person. 334 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
CREATIVE WORK Compose a poem about your life. STEP 5 GRAMMAR AND PUNCTUATION Reported speech: statements, facts and truths Look at the following conversations: “I will buy a laptop for you.” My dad said he would buy a laptop for me. Look at the following sentences: Direct speech : She said to me, “I will help you.” Reported speech : She told me that she would help me. Direct speech : The teacher said, “The earth moves round the sun.” Reported speech : The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun. Direct speech : Buddha said, “Truth wins always.” Reported speech : Buddha said that truth wins always. Direct speech :Jesus said, “Honesty is the best policy.” Reported speech :Jesus said that honesty is the best policy. Direct speech : The teacher said, “Water boils at 100 degree Celsius.” Reported speech : The teacher said that water boils at 100 degree Celsius. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 335
Direct speech : Our teacher said to us, “Bring your project tomorrow.” Reported speech : Our teacher told us to bring our project the following day. Grammar Note:- If the reporting verb is in the present and future tenses, the tense of the reported speech is not changed. If the reporting verb is in the past tense, the tense of the reported speech also changed into past tense. The tense of fact, truth and proverb always remains in the present tense. Exercise 28 Change the following sentences into indirect speech: a. She said to me, “I will return your book tomorrow.” b. Our teacher said to us, “Complete your assignment in time.” c. She said to me, “I will call you tomorrow.” d. Shakespeare said, “Love is blind.” e. I said to them, “The sun is very hot.” f. Our teacher said to us, “The elephant is the largest land animal.” g. She said, “The earth is round. It moves on its axis.” h. We said to them, “Don’t shout!” i. He said to me, “I am going to London.” j. The teacher said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth.” STEP 6 WRITING SKILL WRITING ITEM: INSTRUCTIONS 1. Follow the following instructions while washing your hands: Instructions: a. Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, and apply soap. 336 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal
b. Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails. c. Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. d. Rinse your hands well under clean, running water. e. Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them. Exercise a. Write a set of instructions on how to polish your leather shoes. b. Write a set of instructions on how to brush your teeth. c. Write a set of instructions on how to wash your school dress. d. Write a set of instructions on how to keep safe from COVID-19. STEP 7 WORD POWER Formation of nouns and adjectives from verbs Verb Noun Adjective Verb Noun Adjective justify justification justifiable beautify beauty beautiful forget forgetfulness forgetful glorify signify add succeed attract create choose Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 7 337
decide confuse protect collect accept amuse STEP word WORDS IN USE use 8 State if the underlined word is an adjective or a verb. a. She is a diligent teacher. ____________________ b. You are an amazing coach ____________________ c. The girl was so embarrassed. ____________________ d. You disappointed all of us. ____________________ e. I was so excited before the concert. ____________________ f. They surprised me with a present. ____________________ g. He looked at me with confused eyes. ____________________ h. That frightened girl is my classmate. ____________________ i. He scared the little girl. ____________________ j. Sarah’s cakes always taste the best. ____________________ k. Your new car looks great. ____________________ l. Don’t forget to dust the furniture. ____________________ m. There’s a yellow cat over there. ____________________ n. Everybody was blessed. ____________________ o. Tony has a broken window. ____________________ p. Merriam is having her lunch. ____________________ q. His arm is injured. ____________________ r. My father is a very punctual person. ____________________ STEP 9 PROJECT WORK Make a booklet of the uses of English proverbs such as ‘a friend in need is a friend indeed’. 338 Pathfinder English Reader 7 Approved by CDC, Nepal