Allied Publication Pvt. Ltd. Sitapaila, Kathmandu By Romharsh Panthi Edited By Bijaya Kumar Basnet Krishna Prasad Marasini Approved by the Government of Nepal, Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, as an additional material for schools 15 A truly communicative English Reader based on stepwise learning items, activities, projects, ICT, and more... Allied Publication Pvt. Ltd. Sitapaila, Kathmandu By Romharsh Panthi Edited By Bijaya Kumar Basnet Krishna Prasad Marasini Approved by the Government of Nepal, Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, as an additional material for schools 1 Approved by the Government of Nepal, Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, as an additional material for schools
Publisher Allied Publication Pvt. Ltd. Sitapaila, Kathmandu Phone : 01-5378629, 5388827 By Romharsh Panthi Copyright All rights reserved with the copyright holder. Edition First - 2074 Second - 2080 (5000 pcs.) Computer Icon Design House #9849098999 Illustration Creative Brush (Prem Lamsal) Printed in Nepal Allied Publication Pvt. Ltd. Sitapaila, Kathmandu By Romharsh Panthi Edited By Bijaya Kumar Basnet Krishna Prasad Marasini Approved by the Government of Nepal, Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, as an additional material for schools 15
About Pathfinder..... This English series, Pathfinder English Reader, is a breakthrough as well as a complete package in the presentation of its contents. It has been prepared and designed incorporating its activities with the latest technologies of ICT (Information and Communications Technologies). It has tried to assimilate all the activities which are very essential to make comprehensive English language study. It has equally focused on both language and literature. The contents of each unit in the books are completely based on language and literary activities and flavours. The students are encouraged to explore their horizon of knowledge by using ICT and communicative approach of English language beyond the traditional boundaries of classroom and textbook. The students will find themselves true learners and explorers while reading and doing in every activity of the unit; and the teachers will find and play themselves the role of true facilitators while teaching each item of the unit. Concept of Pathfinder English Reader The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines pathfinder as: • a person, group or thing that goes before others and shows the way over unknown land. • a person, group or thing that finds a new way of doing something. Pathfinder English Reader has tried to translate the sense of pathfinder into concrete form in its contents and presentation. Highlights of Pathfinder Completely new concept in the contents and presentation Relating textbook activities to the latest ICT Fully based on Communicative Approach Based on Continuous Assessment System (CAS) A complete package of all the skills of About Pathfinder..... English language This English series, Pathfinder English Reader, is a breakthrough as well as a complete package in the presentation of its contents. It has been prepared and designed incorporating its activities with the latest technologies of ICT (Information and Communications Technologies). It has tried to assimilate all the activities which are very essential to make comprehensive English language study. It has equally focused on both language and literature. The contents of each unit in the books are completely based on language and literary activities and flavours. The students are encouraged to explore their horizon of knowledge by using ICT and communicative approach of English language beyond the traditional boundaries of classroom and textbook. The students will find themselves true learners and explorers while reading and doing in every activity of the unit; and the teachers will find and play themselves the role of true facilitators while teaching each item of the unit. Concept of Pathfinder English Reader The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines pathfinder as: • a person, group or thing that goes before others and shows the way over unknown land. • a person, group or thing that finds a new way of doing something. Pathfinder English Reader has tried to translate the sense of pathfinder into concrete form in its contents and presentation. Highlights of Pathfinder Completely new concept in the contents and presentation Relating textbook activities to the latest ICT Fully based on Communicative Approach Based on Continuous Assessment System (CAS) A complete package of all the skills of English language This book ‘Pathfinder English Reader-5’ is fully based on the new curriculum and objectives prescribed by the Curriculum Development Centre (CDC). The book follows the inductive method and the communicative approach of language learning but in different ways. It has creatively integrated four language skills in different steps. Students find different flavours of learning in different steps. Each unit contains: Title of the unit Objectives of the unit Ò Fun communication Ò Speaking Ò Reciting Ò Reading Ò Writing Ò Grammar and punctuation Ò Pronunciation Ò Vocabulary and dictionary work Ò Words in use Ò Dictation and listening test Ò Project work The unit begins with Fun Communication, which is given in the first step. The sole purpose of this step is to motivate learners for communication through fun activities. The second step of the unit is Let's Talk, which deals with different language functions. The learners learn and develop real life communication skill through conversation and role play on the given function. It helps to create English environment in the classroom as well. This second edition of the book has tried to incorporate all the suggestions and remarks given for the first edition by the subject experts, principals, teachers, students and parents. The writer and the publisher are highly thankful to them and hope the same kind of appreciations for this edition as well. With thanks! - Author Salient Features: based on new curriculum a complete package of four language skills stepwise learning items ICT based activities and project work focus on communication skill creative exercises on vocabulary building variety in activity textbook cum practice book inductive method communicative approach
Unit - 3 Asking For Information 41 Unit - 1 Introducing and Leave Taking 1 Unit - 2 Expressing Possession 22 CONTENTS � Starter: Brain teaser � Talking � Poem: You Have Talents, Kids � Reading: Own introduction and story: The Judgment of the Monkey � Grammar: Parts of speech � Writing: Profile � Punctuation: Use of capital letters � Pronunciation of the English Alphabet � Spelling rule � Listening test � Project work y Fun communication y Talking ( STEP BIGREKO 6) y Poem: Friendship y Reading: Description of a room/ Story: The Proud Frog y Grammar: Forms of personal pronouns y Writing short messages y Punctuation: use of full stops y Pronunciation of English consonants y Spelling rule: Making plural y Listening test y Project work � Fun communication � Talking � Poem: Children � Reading: Brochure/Story: Marriage of a Mouse � Grammar: Yes/no questions, adverbs of frequency, use of a and an � Writing: Letters and applications � Punctuation: Use of hyphen � Pronunciation: Vowel sounds � Spelling rule � Listening test � Project work
Unit - 7 Making Comparison 119 � Fun communication � Talking � Poem: Nature’s Environment � Reading: At a store, story: Tit for Tat � Grammar: countable and uncountable nouns, determiners much and many � Writing: Poster � Punctuation: Apostrophe comma � Pronunciation of -ED at the end of verbs � Spelling rule � Listening test � Project work � Starter: Brain Teaser � Talking � Poem: In a Twist � Reading: Factual Texts: Marsupial, Earth � Grammar: Degrees of comparison, use of articles � Writing: Paragraphs � Punctuation: Use of question marks � Pronunciation of ED � Spelling rule � Listening test � Project work Unit - 5 Congratulating And Thanking 86 � Fun communication � Talking � Poem: Thank you, Parents � Reading: Messages, letter � Grammar: Adverbs � Writing: Postcard � Punctuation: Use of exclamation marks � Pronunciation of some tricky consonant sounds � Spelling rule: ie after c � Listening test � Project work Unit - 4 Requesting And Apologizing 67 � Fun Communication � Talking � Poem: I’m Sorry � Reading: Story: The Seed, Application � Grammar: Making negative, yes/no questions, making Wh. Questions � Writing: informal apology letter � Punctuation: capital letters, full stops, commas and hyphen � Pronunciation of double vowel sounds(diphthongs) � Spelling rule: u follows q � Listening test � Project work Unit - 6 Expressing Quantity 99
Unit - 9 Stating Facts And Truths 156 � Starter: Brain train � Talking � Poem: World Peace � Reading: Informative Text, Story: unity has strength � Grammar: Simple present and present continuous tense � Writing: Greeting Cards � Pronunciation of hard ‘c’ and soft ‘c’ � Spelling rule � Listening test � Project work Unit - 8 Describing Location 138 � Fun communication � Talking � Poem: Freedom and Friendship � Reading: Famous place: Pyramid, Factual text � Grammar: Prepositions of location � Writing: Describing my house � Punctuation: Use of semi-colon (;) � Pronunciation of ‘c’ � British and American English � Listening test � Project work Unit - 10 Giving Instructions And Directions 173 � Fun communication � Talking � Poem: Weird Zoo � Reading: A recipe: pizza, story � Grammar: Prepositions of location and direction � Writing instructions � Pronunciation of ‘CH’ � Spelling rule � Listening test � Project work Unit - 11 Narrating Past Events 188 y Starter: Brain train y Talking y Poem: Why English Is Hard to Learn y Reading: Story: Who Knows y Grammar: Simple past and past continuous y Writing story y Pronunciation of s y Spelling rule y Listening test
Unit - 14 Expressing Likes and Dislikes 234 y Fun communication y Talking y Poem: Let’s sing y Reading: Famous People, story y Grammar: Gerund and infinitive y Writing: Completing stories y Pronunciation y Punctuation y Spelling y Listening test y Project work Unit - 13 Describing People, Places And Things 217 y Fun communication y Talking y Poem: Because They Love Me y Reading: Stories y Grammar: Adjectives y Writing paragraphs y Punctuation y Pronunciation y Spelling: homophones y Listening test y Project work Unit - 12 Asking For And Giving Reasons 201 y Fun communication y Talking y Poem: Palanquin Bearers y Reading: story: The Two Sisters y Grammar: Connectives y Writing: Personal letters y Punctuation: Use of quotation marks y Pronunciation of ‘s’ and ‘es’ y Spelling rule y Listening test y Project work
Unit - 15 Expressing Ability 249 y Fun communication y Talking y Poem: I Can y Reading: Sports, Adventure Acts y Grammar: Model verbs y Writing: Application letter y Punctuation y Pronunciation y Spelling: Homophones y Listening Test y Project work Unit - 16 Agreeing And Disagreeing 265 y Fun communication y Talking y Poem: Animals’ Sounds y Reading: Story y Grammar: Intensifiers y Writing: Message and email y Punctuation y Pronunciation y Spelling y Listening test Unit - 17 Talking About Future Plan 280 y Starter: Brain train y Talking y Poem : I Need Someone y Reading: Plan and Intention, Story y Grammar: Simple future and be going to verb y Pronunciation y Spelling: Homophones y Listening test y Project work
Writing Profile Starter Punctuation Spelling Rules Let’s Talk Let's Recite Reading Pronunciation Grammar Listening Test Project Work STEP 1 STEP 6 STEP 2 STEP 7 STEP 3 STEP 8 STEP 4 STEP 9 STEP 5 STEP 10 Learning Items and Steps of the Unit UNIT 1 INTRODUCING AND LEAVE TAKING Objectives of the unit After the completion of this unit, students will be able to: Ò take leave and respond to leave taking Ò write paragraphs about themselves Ò write their profile and use uppercase Ò tell the story ‘The Judgment of the Monkey’ and rewrite it Ò identify parts of speech such as nouns, pronouns, etc. Ò use simple present tense correctly STEP 11 Pathfinder English Reader 5 1
STEP 1 STARTER : BRAIN TEASER Find out five differences in the given pair of pictures. 2 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Function Introducing and leave taking Talking Item - 1 (Situation: Nancy and Mina go to Karma’s Cafe at New Road and meet a friend of Nancy.) Nancy : Mina, the coffee is delicious. Mina : Yes, that’s right. Nancy : Hi, Karuna! How are you? This is my friend, Mina. Mina, this is Karuna, my old friend. Karuna : Hi, Nancy! Hi, Mina! Mina : Hi, Karuna! How are you? Karuna : Fine, thanks. Nice to meet you, Mina! Nancy : Would you like a cup of coffee, Karuna? Karuna : Yes, thanks. Mina : Karuna, where are you from? Karuna : I live in Kathmandu, and you? Mina : I live in Pokhara. After sometimes: Karuna : Oh, I’m sorry. I need to go. I need to meet my friend, Melina. Nancy and Mina : Nice meeting you, Karuna. Karuna : Well, see you later girls. Nancy and Mina : OK, goodbye! Pathfinder English Reader 5 3
Talking Item - 2 A : Hi, my name is Tina. B : Hi, Tina. I’m Mina. I’m from Dharan. Where are you from? A : I’m from Rolpa. Nice to meet you. B : Nice to meet you, too. I’ve to go now. See you later. Bye. A : OK, bye. STEP 3 LET’S RECITE Read the given poem thoroughly at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and phrases. Listen to their pronunciations on the Internet and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity1 Pre-reading Project Note to the teacher : Assign the students to read the lesson thoroughly at home before you teach them. Ask them to note down all the unfamiliar words and phrases of the lesson. Ask them to listen to their pronunciations and write their contextual meanings (meanings that fit the lesson or context). Assign them to write their synonyms and antonyms. Ask them to learn them by heart. Ask them to write the usages of the words, too. Get word meanings discussed in pairs or groups. Ask them and evaluate their performance as a ‘CAS’ work. After this, get the lesson discussed. Let the students search, learn, express and discuss as much as possible so that they can understand clearly and develop language proficiency. Activity 2 Fun with words Circle the synonyms and underline the antonyms of the word TALENT. talent: a natural ability to be good at something, especially without being taught: ability, inventiveness, capability, cleverness, ignorance, incapacity, stupidity, impotence, competence, lack, weakness, inability, folly, futility, Art, skill, gift, capacity, expertise, genius, craft, power, smart 4 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. What does the poet suggest kids to do? b. How can kids soar like birds? You Have Talents, Kids You have many talents, of that I am sure. Your dreams are beautiful, innocent and pure. Use your imagination, to learn and explore. Just like a bird, you’ll be able to soar. Remember to smile, each morning and day. Feed your mind with books, and body through play. Pathfinder English Reader 5 5
Activity4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. Learn and add. Learn the given word meanings and add synonyms to them. fancy discover rise vision guiltless fresh Word Meaning Synonyms a. dream a series of thoughts and images fantasy b. innocent not guilty of a crime or offence. blameless c. pure not mixed with anything clean d. imagination the act, process, or power of forming a mental picture of something thoughts e. explore to try to discover; learn about travel f. soar fly or rise high in the air fly 2. From the poem, find the words that are opposite in meanings. Word Opposite Word Opposite soul overlook forget teach wicked mixed facts ugly inabilities descend 6 Pathfinder English Reader 5
3. WORDS IN USE Choose the correct word according to meaning. a. Despite physical _________, some people do miracle in their life. (abilities, inabilities, harmony) b. Children have ________ imagination which can help them ______ high. (ugly, beautiful, soar, descend) Activity 5 UNDERSTANDING THE POEM 1. Complete the summary of the poem with the words given in the box. minds body talents ability innocent imagination According to the poet, kids have many ________ . The word talent refers to a natural ________ to be good without being taught. The dreams of the kids are beautiful, ________ and pure. The poet requests the kids to use their ________ to learn and explore knowledge and experience. They should fly in the sky of dreams like birds. The poet again appeals them to train their ________ with books and ________ with games. He requests them to smile always to be happy. 2. What does the poet suggest kids to do and why? Write. Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Compose a beautiful poem about children and recite it to the class. Share your poem with your friends on social media. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read the poems written about children on the Internet. Note down one of them which you like most and recite it to your friends and teacher in the classroom. Write its summary, too. Share your poem with your friends on social media. Pathfinder English Reader 5 7
STEP READING 4 READING ITEM - I MEETING NEW PEOPLE Read the given texts at home. Note down their unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the activities given in the pre-reading project. b. Introduce yourself to your friend. Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and act. Read the following texts and introduce yourself to your class. Good morning, everybody! I would like to introduce myself. My name is David and it is nice to meet you. I come from near Cambridge. I live in a small village that is close to the city of Cambridge. I am 20 years old. I am studying history at university and work in a shop at the weekends. I have one brother and one sister. They are both older than me. My sister is 26 years old and my brother is 22 years old. They have both graduated from university and work in London. 8 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Hi, my name is Lucy and it is great to meet you all. I am really excited to see so many people. I am 24 years old and am an only child. I come from Newcastle, which is in the North of England and a long way away from here. My mother is a teacher and my father works in an office. I finished a degree in Media Studies last year and am unemployed at the moment. I want to move to London to find work sometime. Hello, it is nice to see you all. I’m Elaine. I come from Cardiff and it is great to be here to meet you all. I am 42 years old. I am married to my husband, Richard, and have two children. One son called Andrew who is 18 years old and one daughter who is 16 years old and called Tina. I work in a supermarket. My husband is a police officer. My son wants to study computing at university while my daughter wants to become a singer. Good morning. It is my pleasure to meet you all. Please let me introduce myself to you. I am Hamid and I come from Pakistan. My home town is Islamabad, the capital city. I am 19 years old and have come to the UK to study English. I will stay here for one year. I want to learn a lot. My family is big. I have 3 brothers and 1 sister. I am the oldest and my sister, the youngest, is 11 years old. My father works as a government official and my mother is a housewife. I want to learn English so I can get a good job. I do not work as I spend all my time studying. Pathfinder English Reader 5 9
Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. Learn and add. Learn the given word meanings and add synonyms to them. campus jobless happiness antiquity conjugal Words Meanings Synonyms a. history the study of past events b. married wedded, matrimonial c. university an institution of higher level learning d. unemployed a person without job e. pleasure a feeling of happy satisfaction and enjoyment. 2. WORDS IN USE Complete the sentences with the correct words. married capital history college a. He hastwo children. He started his ________ life before ten years. b. He is running a good business and getting lots of ________. c. He is highly qualified teacher. He got his master’s degree from a famous ________ d. The branch of knowledge dealing with past events is known as ________. Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK Answer the following questions: a. Where does David live? b. What does he do? c. Where does Elaine work? d. Whose mother is a teacher? e. Why does Lucy want to go to London? 10 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 6 WRITING Introduce yourself in a paragraph. READING ITEM - II STORY Read the given story at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations on the Internet. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION Look and say. a. Discussthe task given in the pre-reading project in pairs or groups. b. What do you see in the pictures? Tell your friends making a story. Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. Why did the cats fight themselves? b. How did the monkey befool them? Pathfinder English Reader 5 11
The Judgment of the Monkey After a lavish festival in a village, the two cats were prowling together. One of the cats saw a big delicious -looking cake and meowed. The other jumped up and seized it. The first cat said, “It’s my cake because I saw it first.” The other cat said, “It’s my cake because I picked it up.” So they kept on claiming the cake and started to fight themselves. A monkey was passing by when it overheard the two cats fighting for theirshare of cake. The monkey thought to take advantage of the cats’ fights and approached the two cats and said, “Hello, I am Mr. Judgy. I work as a judge in this forest. When animals and birds fight and quarrel, I solve their problems. So please tell me how can I help you?” “Nice to meet you, Mr. Judgy. We are Kitty Cats. We are very hungry. We found this cake over here. We want to eat this cake,”said the Kitty Cats together. The wily monkey said, “Oh, I see. This is your problem. Don’t fight now. I have a brilliant mind and the experience to solve such problems. Let me divide the cake into two pieces. Let me equally share the cake among you both and you eat your part.” The cats agreed and handed the cake over to the monkey. The monkey split the cake into two parts. He shook his head and said, “Oh No! One is slightly bigger than the other one. Let me take a bite of the 12 Pathfinder English Reader 5
bigger one so it is as big as the other one”. He had a big bite of the bigger piece of the cake and said, “Oh, no! This has become smaller now.” He ate from the other. The cats were watching the parts of the cake were becoming smaller and smaller. But the monkey went on eating from part to part and finally finished the whole cake. When all the cake was over, the cats were stunned by the happenings. It was very late when they realized that the monkey was making fools out of them, the entire time. Moral: When you quarrel and fight, someone else gains. Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. LEARN AND ADD. Learn the given word meanings and add synonyms to them from the box. enjoyable somewhat shocked understood wasteful held clever searching Word Meaning Synonym a. lavish excessive b. seized took c. wily cunning d. prowling lurking e. delicious pleasant f. slightly a little g. stunned surprised h. realized became conscious 2. READ AND FIND. From the first paragraph in the story, find the words that mean: extravagant leapt stalking caught delightful purred Pathfinder English Reader 5 13
3. WORDS IN USE Write the correct word for each definition from the above LEARN AND ADD activity. a. To spend more than necessary is called ________ b. To move around quietly in a place trying not to be seen or heard is called ________. c. In a small amount or degree is called ________. d. So shocked that one is temporarily unable to react is called to be ________. 4. READ AND COMPLETE. Complete the following synopsis with the correct words. cut part eat lastly shocked fault advantage wasteful lurked found tussled seemed In the village, there was a _____ party. After the party, two hungry cats ______ over there and they ______ a delicious-looking cake. They ______ about who would get the cake. A monkey ______ and told them that he would solve their problem. He ______ the cake into two halves that were not equal in size. He ate a ______ ofthe larger one. He continued to ______ the larger one’s portion. ______, he finished the cake and left. The cats were ______ and felt their ______. As a result, it is correct to say that when two people fight, the third person takes ______. Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. Answer the following questions: a. What do you mean by a lavish party? b. Why did the cats fight? c. How did the monkey make the cats fool? d. Why were the cats shocked? e. What did the cats realize? 14 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Rewrite the above story in your own words and tell it to your friends. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read some stories about a fox or a monkey on the Internet and rewrite one of them. Tell the story to your class. Share your story with your friends on social media. STEP GRAMMAR 5 MEMORABLE SAYING ‘Knowing English grammar means knowing parts of speech.’ -Butler Activity 1 Revision work: Parts of speech Identify the given parts of speech. Nepal, David, Suresh, Alas, oh, hurray, ups, always, never, he, she, it, is, am, are, was, were, has, have, do, write, make, see, quickly, slowly, twice, on, at, in, and, but, because, alas, although always, and, at, because, bitter, but, china, go, good, has, he, hi, hurray, in, into, is, it, Madan, Yam, Nepal, never, oh, on, ouch, Prem, quickly, red, she, slowly, so, sweet, tall, they, to, was, write, you, zoo Nouns Pronouns Verbs Adverbs Adjectives Conjunctions Prepositions Interjections Pathfinder English Reader 5 15
Activity 2 Do and learn. Complete the definitions. adverb, prepositions, interjection, noun, pronoun, conjunctions, verb a. Name of persons, places, things, and feelings is called a _______ b. A word that is used in place of a noun is called a ____________. c. Aword that expresses action orstate is called a _______________. d. Joining words are called _______________that join two words, sentences, or phrases. e. The word that tells us something about verb, adverb and adjective is called an ____________. f. ____________are the words that are used before nouns to show their relation to other nouns. g. A word that expresses sudden feelings is called an ___________. Activity 3 Use of simple present tense Read the sentences and circle the verbs. Hi, I am Naina. I am a student. I study in grade five. I wake up at 6 o’clock. I go to school at 9 o’clock. I like to play with my friends. I don’t like lazy people. I am fond of reading short stories. GRAMMAR NOTE: We use the simple present tense to introduce, talk about daily activities, hobbies, likes, dislikes, and professions, etc. Activity 4 Use the correct verb in the blank spaces. a. She ________ a ribbon on her head. (has/have/ is) b. We ________ the active members of our team. (is/are/do) c. Does she _______________him? (likes/like/ liking) d. Do they _______________on time? (come/comes/coming) 16 Pathfinder English Reader 5
e. Does he _______________English? (knows/know/ knowing) f. Martin ___________for a walk in the morning. (goes/go/going) g. My grandfather _______________ his pet dog. (adores/adore) h. Plants ___________ water and sunlight for making their food. (need/needs) i. We _______________many new books. (has/have/ having) j. I usually __________to bed around 10 o’clock. (goes/go/going) Activity 5 Use of simple present tense in real contexts a. Introduce yourself in a paragraph. b. Write about your likes and dislikes in ten sentences. c. What do you do daily? Write it in a paragraph. Activity 6 Grammar Project Highlight the PARTS OF SPEECH with their definitions, kinds and examples on a chart paper. Share your project work with your friends on social media. STEP WRITING PROFILE 6 Activity 1 Develop writing skill through question-answer method Answer the following questions in complete sentences and prepare your profile. Rewrite it in a paragraph. My Profile What is your name? How old are you? When were you born? Where were you born? What is your father’s name? What is your mother’s name? Pathfinder English Reader 5 17
My Profile What is your grandparents’ name? Who took care of you? Who takes care of you? In which class do you read? What is your school’s name? What is your principal’s name? How is he/she? What is your class teacher’s name? How is he/she? What is your best friend’s name? How is he/she? What things do you not like to eat? What things do you like to eat in your breakfast, lunch, snacks and dinner? What games do you like to play? Where do you go to visit? What do you do there? How do you pass your free time? What do you watch on the mobile or laptop? What do you like to wear at home, party and outing? What kind of people do you like? What kind of people do you not like? Who are your favorite actors, actress, singers, players, and comedians? What do you want to be in future and why? What is your belief about life i.e. what is life for you? 18 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP PUNCTUATION 7 Use of upper case: capital letters When to use the capital letters? Proper names of persons, places, things, days, months, books, cities, countries, festivals, etc. are written in the upper case. The beginning of the sentence must be written in the capital letter. Activity1 Learning by doing Rewrite the following paragraph using the upper case (capital letters) where necessary. hi, i am sagun. i am nine years old. i was born on sunday. my birthday falls on september 2. my father is a doctor. his name is saral. my mother’s name is sarala. my school’s name is pathfinder english school. i like pathfinder english reader. it is an interesting book. i am nepali. my country’s name is nepal. its capital is kathmandu. pashupati nath temple is in kathmnadu. the darahara is also in katmandu. i have visited kathamandu, bhaktapur, pokhara, and butwal. i have read many books. i have read munamadan, harry potter, the little prince, the giving tree and goodnight moon. i love hiking and swimming. on fridays, i generally go out for hiking with my parents. It’s so enjoyable. STEP 8 PRONUNCIATION Importance of sound symbols (transcriptions) Sound symbols help to look up a dictionary for pronunciation. To learn correct pronunciation, we should know the sound symbols which are used in dictionaries. Pathfinder English Reader 5 19
Pronunciation of the English alphabet 1. Look, listen and say after your teacher. A [eɪ] B [bi:] C [si:] D [di:] E [i:] F [ef] G [dʒi:] H [eɪtʃ] I [aɪ] J [dʒeɪ] K [keɪ] L [el] M [em] N [en] O [əʊ] P [pi:] Q [kju:] R [ɑ:] S [es] T [ti:] U [ju:] V [vi:] W [‘dʌbəlju:] X [eks] Y [waɪ] Z [zed / zi:] 2. Write the phonetic transcriptions of the English alphabet. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z word use STEP 9 HOT BASED SPELLING RULE HOT: Higher Order Thinking Activity 1 HOT Question If baby changes into babies, why can’t we change key into kies? 20 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Generally, we change the ending letter Y of a noun into -ies to make it plural such as baby- babies. But in the following nouns, we don’t change Y into –ies, but add an -S to make them plural. Why? Discuss it and write. key keys toy toys ray rays HOT based answer: Because ........................................................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... STEP LISTENING TEST 10 Instruction: Listen to the teacher or the audio disc and do the activities that follow. 1. Listen and state true or false. a. Rabi introduces Saurav to Rosy. .............. b. Saurav is Rosy’s new friend. .............. c. Rabi is from Surkhet. .............. d. Saurav is from Rolpa. .............. e. Saurva is Rabi’s new friend. .............. 2. Listen and complete. a. Rosy is from ........................... . b. Saurav is Rabi’s ...................... . c. Saurav belongs to .................... . d. Rosy is new to ........................... . e. Rabi introduces Saurav to ........................... . STEP 11 PROJECT WORK Highlight your introduction on a chart paper. Pathfinder English Reader 5 21
UNIT 2 EXPRESSING POSSESSION Objectives of the unit After the completion of this unit, students will be able to: Ò ask and answer about possession Ò use a dictionary to find meanings, uses and pronunciation Ò recite the poem Friendship and write a poem about their friends Ò describe their homes, rooms and schools Ò use personal pronouns and their forms Ò write short messages and notices on different topics Ò use time prepositions at, in and on Ò use full stops and commas correctly STEP 1 FUN COMMUNICATION Hi sweetie, how was your school today? You can read all about it on my facebook, dad! 22 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Function Expressing possession Talking Item - 1 Teacher : Whose bag is this, Maria? Maria : This is my bag, ma’am. Teacher : Then whose bag is that? Maria : That’s Tina’s bag. Whose bag are you searching for, ma’am? Teacher : I’m searching for Rupa’s bag. Talking Item - 2 A : Who lives in that house? B : Oh, that’s Jones’ house. This is our house. A : Your house is really nice. B : Thanks. A : Is this your car? B : No, that’s not mine. It’s my neighbor’s. This is mine. Talking Item - 3 A : Whose pen is this? B : Oh, it’s mine. A : And whose pencil is this? B : It’s Tim’s pencil, I think. Pathfinder English Reader 5 23
STEP 3 LET’S RECITE Read the given poem at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the task given in the pre-reading project in pairs or groups. b. What do you mean by true friendship? Activity 3 RIGOROUS READING Read and discuss. a. What does the poet say about friendship? b. What do we do with friends? Friendship I’m truly honoured, that you’re my dear friend. These words from my mind, I wish to extend. Someone we trust, and someone we care. Our deepest secrets, with a friend we do share. A friend is everything, and always much more. With a huge smile, a friend opens the door. 24 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST From the above poem, find the words that mean: a. Regard with great respect: ________ b. To increase or enlarge: ________ c. Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown: ________ d. To believe that someone is good and honest: ________ Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. What do we do and share with our friends? Write it in a paragraph. 2. What qualities should a good friend have? Write any five in complete sentences. Example: A good friend must be honest. Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Compose a poem about your best friend and recite it to your class. Share your poem with your friends on social media. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read some poems about best friend on the Internet. Note down one of them which you like most. Write its summary and recite the poem to your class. Share it with your friends on social media. STEP 4 READING READING ITEM I Description of a Room Read the given text at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations on the Internet. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Pathfinder English Reader 5 25
Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION Ask and answer. a. Ask and answer about the assignment given in pre-reading activity. b. Tell your friends about your living room or bed room. Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. How is Anita’s room? b. What things are there in her room? I am Anita. I’d like to show you my living room. My living room is very spacious and bright. I keep it clean and tidy because it is my favorite room in the house. Its walls are blue, and the floor is salmon. On the floor, in the center, there is a big blue carpet. On it, I have my two sofas, the coffee table, and a stool. There is also a small round table where I sometimes put the 26 Pathfinder English Reader 5
book I am reading. I enjoy reading, so there is a bookshelf with many books on it. On the bookshelf, there is a vase with a small plant and an old clock. In one corner of the living room, there is a big plant in a vase. The living room is very warm in the winter because it has a fireplace. Above it, there are some pictures. Next to the fireplace, there is a round table with a table lamp on it. There are four windows, two of which have lovely violet curtains that I made. I like to read and rest in my living room. It’s warm and cozy. Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. READ AND FIND. From the above text, find the words that mean: a. (Of a room or building) having ample space: ________ b. Preferred to all others of the same kind: ________ c. A space in the wall of a room for a fire to burn in: ________ d. A container for holding flowers or for decoration: ________ e. A piece of cloth that hangs across a window: ________ 2. WORDS IN USE Use the following words in your sentences. a. spacious :……………………………………………………… b. vase :…………………………………………………………… c. curtain:…………………………………………………………… d. fireplace:………………………………………………………… Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. State true or false. a. Anita has got three children. b. There are two sofas in the living room. Pathfinder English Reader 5 27
c. There is a big yellow carpet on the floor. d. The living room is cold in winter. e. The curtains are blue. f. There are some pictures on the wall. 2. Answer the following questions: a. What colour are the walls of Anita’s living room? b. Where is the carpet? c. How many sofas are there in the living room? d. Where are the books? e. What does Anita like to do in her living room? Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Describe your living room or bed room in a couple of paragraphs. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Draw a picture of your house and describe it in detail. Share your work with your friends on social media. READING ITEM II STORY Read the given story at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the assignment given in Activity 1. b. ‘Over pride leads to destruction.’ Do you agree? 28 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 3 RIGOROUS READING Once upon a time, there lived a frog with his baby frog in a pond. The frog was very proud of his body size. He boasted of his huge size of body to everybody including his children. One day the baby frog saw a cow while playing in a field. The baby frog returned to his father, and he said that he had seen a horrible monster. He is bigger than the mountain. He is four feet tall and has horns on the top of his head. The father frog replied, “My son!” It’s an ox that stays on the farm! The baby frog said, “I’ve never seen such a horrible monster before.” “Ha Ha Ha!” It’s not that big. It’s only a little larger than me,” daddy frog said. The daddy frog took deep inhalations and puffed up his cheeks. He asked, “Was the ox as large as this?” The baby frog nodded and replied, “Much larger than that.” The baby frog let out air and inflated his belly. “No!” “No! It’s much bigger! Pathfinder English Reader 5 29
The father frog ingested more air, and his stomach and entire body grew in size. “Was the ox as big as I am now?” The son answered, “No!” It’s much bigger than that! The daddy frog inhaled as much air as possible to increase his size and show off his accomplishments. He mumbled, “Probably a cow wasn’t as big.” Bowwow! Bang! Before he could finish, his stomach burst. “Oh, my stomach!” Poor stomach! Ahhhh!” The father frog cried. “Oh, daddy!” The young frog cried out. GLOSSARY inhalation : the action of breathing in monster : a large, ugly, and frightening imaginary creature puff up : to breathe fast and with difficulty ingested : take (food, drink, or another substance) into the body by swallowing or absorbing it mumble : say something unclear and quietly, making it difficult for others to hear accomplishment : something that has been achieved successfully bang : a sudden loud, sharp noise horrible : terrifying, terrible 30 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. Read and find. Read and find the opposite words from the above text. a. exhaled ________ b. impossible ________ c. polite ________ d. excluding ________ 2. WORDS IN USE Fill in the gaps with the correct word to complete the sentences. huge ruptured cried expand capacity perhaps The father frog took in as much air as he could to ________ himself and boasted about his ________. ________ a cow wasn’t as ________, he said. Bowwow! Bang! He began to speak, but his stomach suddenly ________. Oh, my stomach! What a poor thing! Ahhhh!” The frog’s father ________. Dear Daddy, The baby frog screamed. Activity 5 UNDERSTANDING THE STORY Answer the following questions: a. The baby frog said, “I’ve never seen such a horrible monster before.” What does “horrible monster” refer to here? b. How does the baby frog describe the cow? c. What did the daddy frog do after listening to his baby? d. What happened to the daddy frog? e. What is the moral lesson of the story? Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Read some short stories about frogs on the Internet. Rewrite one of them and tell it to your class. Pathfinder English Reader 5 31
Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read some stories about frogs or arrogance. Rewrite one of them and tell it to your friends. Share your story with your friends on social media. STEP GRAMMAR 5 Activity 1 Forms of personal pronouns Complete the table with the forms of personal pronouns. Subjects Objects Possessive Forms I me my, mine We You They He She It Activity 2 Read and understand. The possessive forms(my, our, your, their, his, her, its) are used as possessive adjective. We use a noun after them such as: This is my book. It is their ball. Our country is beautiful. The forms (mine, ours, hers, his, theirs, yours) are used as possessive pronouns. We use helping verbs (is, am, are, was, were) before them. Example: There is a book. The book is mine. Can you see the red house? That is ours. You are mine and I am yours. 32 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 3 Do and learn. Use the correct forms of personal pronouns in the blank spaces. I, me, mine, you, your, yours, we, us, our, ours, it, its, he, his, she, her, hers, they, them, their, theirs a. I have an English book. ____is new. _____design is lovely. b. My parents love me very much. ______always try to please me. c. I have a sister. _____name is Puja. ______likes to listen to music. d. We are Nepalese. ______love our country, Nepal. _______is beautiful country. e. You always help me. ________am thankful to ________. f. Ajanta has a brother. _____name is Ajay. ______is a smart boy. g. You are my friend and I am your friend. In other word, you are ________and I am yours. h. She uses this laptop. It is ______and he uses that laptop. That is ________. i. Parents love ______and we respect ______. It is our duty to respect _______parents. j. Our teachers teach _______and we listen to _______carefully. Activity 4 TIME PREPOSITIONS Look at the uses of time prepositions in, at, and on. at night at noon at Christmas at the moment at dawn at bedtime at in May, July in the morning in the evening in summer in the future in 1990 in on Monday on 1st January On Christmas day on my birthday on Mothe's day on April 5 on Pathfinder English Reader 5 33
Activity 5 Do and learn. Use at, on, or in where appropriate. a. I was born _______2nd August _______2010. b. _______New Year’s Eve, people party all night. c. We have a game period _______Friday. d. We get long holidays _______summer. e. What were you doing _______midnight? f. He died in 1990 _______the age of 70. g. Will you come _______my birthday? h. I am going out _______a week. i. Come and see us _______Christmas Day. j. Let’s meet _______the end of the week. k. The bus leaves for Kathmandu _______5 a.m. l. Our program will begin _______11 o’clock. m. We have grammar periods _______Sundays. n. I like to watch the parade _______the Independence Day. o. My parents meditate _______the morning. p. Children like to play _______the afternoon. q. The shop closes _______midnight. r. My friends go to church _______Sundays. s. Can you come early _______the morning? Activity 6 Project Work Highlight the time prepositions on a chart paper taking help from the Internet. Share your project with your friends on your social media. 34 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP WRITING : SHORT MESSAGES 6 Activity 1 Look and learn. Look at the following short messages. Parties will come and go, but the memories remain in our hearts. This birthday was the most beautiful birthday of my life that I shall cherish forever. Thanks for attending my birthday party and creating a lifetime of memories. Yours, Puja Dear Amit YOU ARE INVITED TO CELEBRATE THE WEDDING OF SATURDAY, 14th SEPTEMBER AT 4 O’CLOCK IN THE AFTERNOON SAINT CLEMENT CHURCH WILTON MANORS, FL Reception to follow Thomas &Karen Dear Ma’am, I have decided to throw a wonderful party on the occasion of my son’s outstanding SEE result on 2nd July. I cordially invite you to share the fun and joy with us. Your presence will be a blessing to us. Yours, Raju Mom, Today my friend, Kishor, has birthday. We are going to the Hotel Annapurna. So I will come late at night. Nutan Pathfinder English Reader 5 35
Dear David, I’m extremely sorry for not receiving your call.Actually, I wasin a meeting with my boss. I hope you’ll understand my situation. Yours, Andrew 4th July 2022 NOTICE A short meeting will be held after school. So, all the staffs are requested to be in the staff office after school at 4:10 p.m. Co-ordinator Activity 2 Do and learn. a. Write a short message to your friends who attended your success party. b. Write a message inviting your friends to your birthday party. STEP PUNCTUATION 7 USE OF full stops and commas A full stop is used at the end of a sentence I love you. in numbers two point two 2.2 in aabreviations Sep. Oct. websites and email address www.englispage.com NOTE: We say (.) it full stop in British English and period in American English. 36 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 1 Comma Rules Rule 1 A comma is used to separate series of words. I like milk, cheese, curd, and ghee. I have to buy a pen, a pencil, and a bag. Rule 2 A comma is used to set of introductory words/phrases or clauses. Yes, I like it. Taking her breakfast, she went to school. Rule 3 To separate dates, years, address I was born on September 2, 2012. She lives at Banepa, Kavre. Rule 4 To set of direct quotations: She said to me, “ I love you.” He said to us, “Let’s go now.” Activity 2 Do and learn. Use upper case, full stops and commas where necessary. a. i have a cell phone tablet and a laptop ...................................................................................................... b. don’t make messy ...................................................................................................... c. certainly he is correct ...................................................................................................... d. the price must be realistic ie affordable ...................................................................................................... e. i wanted to buy a laptop but my father did not have money ...................................................................................................... f. pamela@gmail com ...................................................................................................... Pathfinder English Reader 5 37
Activity 3 Project Work Surf the Internet and highlight the rules of full stops and commas on a chart paper. Share your work with your friends. STEP 8 PRONUNCIATION Learn the sound symbols (transcripts) of the English consonants and write them. p pen s sun b ball z zero t tea ʃ shower d dog ʒ badge tʃ chair m man dʒ job n nurse k cat ŋ king g go h house f foot l land v very r river θ think w week ð that j you word use STEP 9 HOT BASED SPELLING RULE Activity 1 HOT Question Most of the nouns are changed into plural by adding -S to them such as pen+s=pens, book+s=books, but the following nouns take- es to be changed into plural. Why? 38 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Singular Plural Singular Plural bus buses bush bushes class classes stich stiches box boxes topaz topazes HOT based answer. Because ......................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... Activity 2 Fair or Fare a. The word fare refers to ………………. i. an event or activity ii. a just person iii. the way someone looks iv. the price of a ticket or transportation b. After payingmy…………….,the bustookme to the……………. under ……………..skies. i. fare, fair, fare ii. fair, fair, fair iii. fair, fare, fair iv. fare, fair, fair c. ______skies make it a great day for outdoor activities. i. Fair ii. Fare d. The rules of this game are not ______! i. fair ii. fare e. It was a very ______ decision. i. fare ii. fair f. The……………..teachers nevershowpartiality in the classroom. i. fare ii. fair g. How much bus ………….do you pay for your school? i. fair ii. fare Pathfinder English Reader 5 39
STEP LISTENING TEST 10 Instruction: Listen to the teacher or the audio disc and do the activities that follow. 1. Choose the right option. a. All the following are right about learning a language, except? i. Learning a new language is an impossible task. ii. Learning a new language can be challenging. iii. Learning can be made easy and fun. b. How should you set your learning goals? i. In small, manageable chunk ii. You do not need to have goals. iii. As vague aims c. How often should you practice the new language? i. Every day ii. Twice a week iii. Once a month d. What will help you memorize things better according to the passage? i. Highlighting things as you read them ii. Flashcards iii. Underlining important phrases e. Consistent practice of learning means: i. Learning language once in a week. ii. Learning language twice a day. iii. Learning language on a regular basis. STEP 11 PROJECT WORK Highlight the English consonant sounds on a chart paper. 40 Pathfinder English Reader 5
UNIT 3 ASKING FOR INFORMATION Objectives of the unit After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò ask questions for information and respond to them Ò recite the poem ‘Children’ and describe it Ò describe places such as hospitals, schools, etc. Ò prepare brochures about places Ò tell and write about the short story ‘Marriage of a Mouse’ Ò use yes/no questions, adverbs of frequency and indefinite articles ‘a’ and ‘an’ Ò write short personal letters to their parents, friends and relatives Ò use hyphens properly STEP 1 FUN COMMUNICATION If a single teacher can’t teach us all the subjects, then.... how could you expect a single student to learn all subjects? Question By A Student! Pathfinder English Reader 5 41
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Function Asking for information and respond to it Talking Item - 1 A : Excuse me? B : Yes? A : Can you show me the way to the bus park, please? B : Well, it is near here. Just cross the street and turn left at the corner. The bus park is on the right hand side. A : Thank you. By the way, is there any public toilet here? B : Of course! It is in the shopping mall over there. A : It’s very kind of you. B : My pleasure. Talking Item - 2 A : What’s that? B : It’s a questionnaire from the doctor. It’s about my diet. A : Uh-huh. What do you eat and drink in a week? I mean: How much butter and cheese do you eat? B : Not much. A : Not much? You have a cheese sandwich every day, and you always eat a lot of cheese and butter in it. B : Yeah, I like them. A : Hum, I see. And how many cakes and biscuits do you eat? B : Not many. A : Not many? You normally have three or four biscuits with a cup of coffee, and you eat a lot of cakes, too. And you’re saying not many. By the way, where are you going now? B : I’m going to get some food. 42 Pathfinder English Reader 5