At daybreak on the next morning, the farmer’s only son set off to attempt to train the new wild horses, but the farmer’s son was thrown to the ground and broke his leg. One by one; villagers arrived during the day to bemoan the farmer’s latest misfortune. “Oh, what a tragedy! Your son won’t be able to help you in the farm with a broken leg. You’ll have to do all the work yourself, How will you survive? You must be very sad,” they said. Calmly going about his usual business the farmer answered, “Who knows? We shall see”. Several days later a war broke out. The Emperor’s men arrived in the village demanding that young men come with them to be conscripted into the Emperor’s army. As it happened the farmer’s son was deemed unfit because of his broken leg. “What a very good fortune you have!!” the villagers exclaimed as their own young sons were marched away. “You must be very happy.” “Who knows? We shall see!” replied the old farmer as he headed off to work in his field alone. Pathfinder English Reader 5 193
As time went on the broken leg healed but the son was left with a slight limp. Again the neighbours came to pay their condolences. “Oh, what a bad luck! Too bad for you.” But the old farmer simply replied; “Who knows? We shall see.” As it turned out, the other young village boys had died in the war and the old farmer and his son were the only able bodied men capable of working the village lands. The old farmer became wealthy and was very generous to the villagers. They said, “Oh, how fortunate you are! You must be very happy,” to which the old farmer replied, “Who knows? We shall see!” 194 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. There is a word opposite in meaning in each set of the following words. Find the word and read out other synonyms as well. compassion coldness empathy kindness sympathy consideration burden yoke load weight lightness lumber prosper rich flourish deprived grow boom generous kind liberal rigid charitable openhanded tragedy disaster calamity catastrophe heartbreak happiness bemoan lament moan applaud bewail regret 2. Find the words of the following definitions from the above story. Clues are given. a. Sympathy that you feel for somebody when a person in their family or that they know well has died or suffered : co............. b. To make somebody join the armed forces : co............. c. To walk slowly and change direction often, especially without a particular aim : mea........... d. To make somebody /something look or feel younger or more lively : re............. e. To walk slowly or with difficulty because one leg is injured : li....... f. To become healthy again; tomake something healthy again : he......... Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. Read the story again and write the following statements in the correct order according to the story. a. The other village boys were killed in the war but the farmer’s son was with his father. b. After two days, the horse came with twelve other young horses. c. The villagers moaned at the farmer’s condition. d. The farmer left his horse to make its burden free. e. The emperor ordered the villagers to join the army for war and the villagers were very sad while sending their sons to army. Pathfinder English Reader 5 195
f. The farmer’s son broke his leg due to horse and could not go to army, and the villagers applauded the farmer’s fortune, but the farmer replied “Who knows? We shall see.” 2. Read the story thoroughly and answer the following questions in complete sentences. a. Why did the farmer leave his horse free? b. What did the neighbours say to the farmer when he left the horse free? c. What was the farmer’s reply? d. What happened after two days of leaving his horse free? e. How did the son break his leg? f. What happened at last? 3. Rewrite the last three paragraphs in your beautiful handwriting. Activity 6 CREATIVE WRITING Read some story books or use the Internet, and write a story that tells us that the human destiny is unknown. Tell this story to your parents at home and friends and teachers in the class. STEP GRAMMAR : TENSE 5 Simple past tens and past continuous tense Activity 1 Discuss with your teacher. a. What are the uses of the simple past tense? b. When is the past continuous tense used? Look at these: Simple Past Past Continuous She went to school. She was going to school. 196 Pathfinder English Reader 5
We wrote essays. We were writing essays. He kicked a ball. He was kicking a ball. Note: We use the second form of a verb to make simple past tense and –ing form with was and were to make past continuous tense. Activity 2 Do and learn. 1. Make the past simple or past continuous. I was sleeping when you called me.(call/sleep) a. When you ________at the party, we were ______.(dance/arrive) b. Nita was _______a film when she ______the noise.(hear/watch) c. We _______playing basketball when Tony _______his ankle. (play/hurt) d. Did you ________to him when you were _______?(sleep/listen) e. What were you ______last night_ it _______really noisy?(be/do) f. He ________a shower when the mobile ________. (take/ring) g. When I __________home, everyone __________.(sleep/reach) h. We ________food when the earth quake ________. (cook/begin) i. All the villagers ______when the landslide ______. (sleep/occur) STEP WRITING : STORY 6 Activity 1 Developing short stories through pictures Look at the pictures and develop readable stories in the past tense. Pathfinder English Reader 5 197
STEP 7 PRONUNCIATION Pronunciation of ‘s’ at the end of word The pronunciation of words ending in ‘S’ depends on the final consonant (sound). There are three ways to pronounce ‘S’: Rule 1 : S as S Ifthewordendswitha letterorlettersP,K,T,F,PH,TH,(voiceless consonants), the letter s is pronounced as S. Look at the examples. keeps sleeps books cooks hats bats cliffs briefs Rule 2 : S as Z If a word ends with B, D, G, L, M, N, NG, R, V or Y, (Voiced consonants), the letter S is pronounced as /z/. Look at the examples. crabs /krabz/ deals /diːlz/ words /wəːdz/ dreams /driːmz/ fans /fænz/ sings /sɪŋz/ wears /weərz/ gloves /ɡlʌvz/ plays /pleɪz/ rays /reɪz/ 198 Pathfinder English Reader 5
S or es as /IZ/ If a word ends with the letters C, S, X, Z, SS, CH, SH, or GE, the S or ES is pronounced as /iz/. races /reɪsiz/ boxes /bɒksiz/ buses /bʌsiz/ prizes /praɪziz/ kisses /kɪsiz/ watches /wɒtʃiz/ dishes /dɪʃiz/ changes /tʃeɪndʒiz/ Pronunciation of S after p, k, t, f, ph, th = s after c, s, x, z, ss, ch, sh, ge = iz after b, d, g, l, m, n, ng, r, v, y = z word use STEP 8 spelling rule We need a vowel to make a word. Now fill in the appropriate vowel (a, e, i, o, u) in each blank space to complete the word. t__ll b__ll d__ll f__ll gr__ss h__ll s__ll c__ll h__ll w__ll _ ff w__ll sh__ll m__ss k__ss gl__ss Pathfinder English Reader 5 199
STEP LISTENING TEST 9 Instruction: Listen to the teacher or the audio disc and do the activities that follow. 1. Listen and state true or false. a. The narrator works as a sales associate. ............ b. He works in a supermarket. ............ c. The store lies two miles away from his house. ............ d. The story has five stories. ............ e. He helps customers find items. ............ 2. Listen and choose the correct answer. a. What type of job does the narrator have? i. Sales associate ii. Office manager iii. Cashier iv. Administrative assistant b. Where is the narrator’s job located? i. In a mountainous area ii. In the city iii. In a forest iv. On a farm c. How tall is building in which she works? i. Three stories tall ii. Two stories tall iii. Four stories tall iv. One story tall d. What kind of store does the narrator work at? i. A retail store ii. A farmer’s market iii. A grocery store iv. An automobile repair shop e. What can a customer do to get help from the narrator? i. Call the narrator with a phone booth. ii. Ring a bell. iii. Knock on a desk. iv. Push a service button. 200 Pathfinder English Reader 5
UNIT 12 ASKING FOR AND GIVING REASONS Objectives of the unit After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò ask questions for reasons and respond to them Ò express likes and dislikes Ò recite the poem ‘Palanquin Bearers’ and appreciate it Ò tell the story of The Two Sisters’ and rewrite it in their words Ò use connectives and, but, because, so, or Ò use quotation marks STEP 1 FUN COMMUNICATION Riddle-Giggle-1 How old is your dad? How is that possible? He only became a dad when I was born. He is as old as me. Pathfinder English Reader 5 201
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Function Asking for and giving reasons Talking Item - 1 A : You look so weak. What happened to you? B : Yes, I’ve been suffering from diarrhea for two days. A : Sorry to hear that. How did you get diarrhea? B : I had eaten a plate of MO: MO on the road side hotel the day before yesterday while coming back home from the office. After that I got diarrhea. A : Oh, that’s the reason. Have you taken any medicine? B : No, not yet. A : Why? B : I don’t like to take medicine immediately. I want to recover myself. A : Humm. That sounds good. Talking Item - 2 Teacher : Hey, Suraj. Show me your homework. Student : Sorry, ma’am. I haven’t done my homework. Teacher : Why? Student : I was sick, ma’am. Teacher : Sorry to hear that. But what happened to you? Student : I had a fever and a common cold too. Teacher : Why didn’t you take a leave? Student : I don’t want to miss my class. Teacher : That’s great. But you have to take care of your health first. Haven’t you heard ‘health is wealth’? Student : Yes, ma’am. 202 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 3 LET’S RECITE Read the given poem at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the activities set in the pre-reading project. b. What do people do on the marriage day in your community? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. How do the palanquin bearers feel while carrying the palanquin on their shoulders? b. How does she float and skim? About the poem: Sarojini Naidu, the poetess, says that the palanquin bearers are carrying the palanquin slowly and steadily. They are happy and filled with joy, for they are taking a noble lady, a newly wedded bride, to her husband’s house in a veiled palaki. Palanquin Bearers Lightly, O lightly we bear her along, She sways like a flower in the wind of our song; She skims like a bird on the foam of a stream, She floats like a laugh from the lips of a dream. Gaily, O gaily we glide and we sing, We bear her along like a pearl on a string. Softly, O softly we bear her along, She hangs like a star in the dew of our song; Pathfinder English Reader 5 203
She springs like a beam on the brow of the tide, She falls like a tear from the eyes of a bride. Lightly, O lightly we glide and we sing, We bear her along like a pearl on a string. By Sarojini Naidu GLOSSARY palanquin : a structure used to carry a bride or something else (doli) sways : move slowly backwards and forwards or from side to side. skim : go or move quickly and lightly over or on a surface or through the air float : rest or move on or near the surface glide : move with a smooth, quiet continuous motion. hang : a downward droop or bend spring : move or jump suddenly or rapidly upwards or forwards. Activity 4 COMPREHENSION CHECK a. How does the bride sway? b. How does she skim? c. How does she hang? d. How does she spring and fall? Activity 5 CREATIVE WRITING Write a poem describing the beauty of a bride. Recite your poem to your friends and share it with your friends on social media. Activity 6 PROJECT WORK Read some poems about marriage or bride on the Internet. Write down one of them which you like most. Recite it to your class. Activity 7 DRAWING Draw a picture of a palanquin and share it with your friends on social media. 204 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 4 READING READING ITEM I STORY Read the given story at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 Talk before you read. a. Ask and answer about the activities set in the pre-reading project. b. What happens if we help others? c. What happens if we don’t help others when they ask for help? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. Whom did the younger sister help on the way? b. How did they help her when she was being chased by the witch? The Two Sisters [The Two Sisters is a story about one good and one bad sister and an evil witch. Its lesson: “one good turn deserves another” or “what goes around comes around.” Published in English Fairy Tales, retold by Flora Annie Steel (1922)] Once upon a time there were two sisters who were as like each other as two peas in a pod; but one was good, and the other was bad-tempered. Now their father had no work, so the girls began to think of going to service. “I will go first and see what I can make of it,” said the younger sister, ever so cheerfully, “then you, sis, can follow if I have good luck.” So she packed up a bundle, said good-bye, and started to find a place; but no one in the town wanted a girl, and she went farther afield into the country. And as she journeyed she came upon an oven in which a lot of loaves were Pathfinder English Reader 5 205
baking. Now as she passed, the loaves cried out with one voice: “Little girl! Little girl! Take us out! Please take us out! We have been baking for seven years, and no one has come to take us out. Do take us out or we shall soon be burnt!” Then, being a kind, obliging little girl, she stopped, put down her bundle, took out the bread, and went on her way saying: “You will be more comfortable now.” After a time she came to a cow lowing beside an empty pail, and the cow said to her: “Little girl! Little girl! Milk me! Please milk me! Seven years have I been waiting, but no one has come to milk me!” So the kind girl stopped, put down her bundle, milked the cow into the pail, and went on her way saying: “Now you will be more comfortable.” By and by she came to an apple tree so laden with fruit that its branches were nigh to break, and the apple tree called to her: “Little girl! Little girl! Please shake my branches. The fruit is so heavy I can’tstand straight!” Then the kind girl stopped, put down her bundle, and shook the branches so 206 Pathfinder English Reader 5
that the apples fell off, and the tree could stand straight. Then she went on her way saying: “You will be more comfortable now.” So she journeyed on till she came to a house where an old witch-woman lived. Now this witch-woman wanted a servant-maid, and promised good wages. Therefore the girl agreed to stop with her and try how she liked service. She had to sweep the floor, keep the house clean and tidy, the fire bright and cheery. But there was one thing the witch-woman said she must never do; and that was look up the chimney! “If you do,” said the witchwoman, “something will fall down on you, and you will come to a bad end.” Well! The girl swept, and dusted, and made up the fire; but ne’er a penny of wages did she see. Now the girl wanted to go home as she did not like witch-service; for the witch used to have boiled babies for supper, and bury the bones under some stones in the garden. But she did not like to go home penniless; so she stayed on, sweeping, and dusting, and doing her work, just as if she was pleased. Then one day, as she was sweeping up the hearth, down tumbled some soot, and, without remembering she was forbidden to look up the chimney, she looked up to see where the soot came from. And, lo and behold! a big bag of gold fell plump into her lap. Now the witch happened to be out on one of her witch errands; so the girl thought it a fine opportunity to be off home. Pathfinder English Reader 5 207
So she kilted up her petticoats and started to run home; but she had only gone a little way when she heard the witch-woman coming after her on her broomstick. Now the apple tree she had helped to stand straight happened to be quite close; so she ran to it and cried: “Apple tree! Apple tree, hide me So the old witch can’t find me, For if she does she’ll pick my bones, And bury me under the garden stones.” Then the apple tree said: “Of course I will. You helped me to stand straight, and one good turn deserves another.” So the apple tree hid her finely in its green branches; and when the witch flew past saying: “Tree of mine! O Tree of mine! Have you seen my naughty little maid With a willy willy wag and a great big bag, She’s stolen my money—all I had?” The apple tree answered: “No, mother dear, Not for seven year!” So the witch flew on the wrong way, and the girl got down, thanked the tree politely, and started again. But just as she got to where the cow was standing beside the pail, she heard the witch coming again, so she ran to the cow and cried: “Cow! Cow, please hide me So the witch can’t find me; If she does she’ll pick my bones, And bury me under the garden stones!” 208 Pathfinder English Reader 5
“Certainly I will,” answered the cow. “Didn’t you milk me and make me comfortable? Hide yourself behind me and you’ll be quite safe.” And when the witch flew by and called to the cow “O Cow of mine! Cow of mine! Have you seen my naughty little maid With a willy willy wag and a great big bag, Who stole my money—all that I had?” She just said politely: “No, mother dear, Not for seven year!” Then the old witch went on in the wrong direction, and the girl started afresh on her way home; but just as she got to where the oven stood, she heard that horrid old witch coming behind her again; so she ran as fast as she could to the oven and cried: “O Oven! Oven! hide me So as the witch can’t find me, For if she does she’ll pick my bones, And bury them under the garden stones.” Then the oven said, “I am afraid there is no room for you, as another batch of bread is baking; but there is the baker—ask him.” So she asked the baker, and he said, “Of course I will. You saved my last batch from being burnt; so run into the bakehouse, you will be quite safe there, and I will settle the witch for you.” So she hid in the bakehouse, only just in time, for there was the old witch calling angrily: Pathfinder English Reader 5 209
“O Man of mine! Man of mine! Have you seen my naughty little maid With a willy willy wag and a great big bag, Who’s stole my money—all I had?” Then the baker replied, “Look in the oven. She may be there.” And the witch alighted from her broomstick and peered into the oven: but she could see no one. “Creep in and look in the farthest corner,” said the baker slyly, and the witch crept in, when—— Bang!—— he shut the door in her face, and there she was roasting. And when she came out with the bread she was all crisp and brown, and had to go home as best she could and put cold cream all over her! But the kind, obliging little girl got safe home with her bag of money. Now the ill-tempered elder sister was very jealous of this good luck, and determined to get a bag of gold for herself. So she in her turn packed up a bundle and started to seek service by the same road. But when she came to the oven, and the loaves begged her to take them out because they had been baking seven years and were nigh to burning, she tossed her head and said: “A likely story indeed, that I should burn my fingers to save your crusts. No, thank you!” And with that she went on till she came across the cow standing waiting to be milked beside the pail. But when the cow said: “Little girl! Little girl! Milk me! Please milk me, I’ve waited seven years to be milked——” She only laughed and replied, “You may wait another seven years for all I care. I’m not your dairymaid!” And with that she went on till she came to the apple tree, all overburdened 210 Pathfinder English Reader 5
by its fruit. But when it begged her to shake its branches, she only giggled, and plucking one ripe apple, said: “One is enough for me: you can keep the rest yourself.” And with that she went on munching the apple, till she came to the witch-woman’s house. Now the witch-woman, though she had got over being crisp and brown from the oven, was dreadfully angry with all little maid-servants, and made up her mind this one should not trick her. So for a long time she never went out of the house; thus the ill-tempered sister never had a chance of looking up the chimney, as she had meant to do at once. And she had to dust, and clean, and brush, and sweep ever so hard, until she was quite tired out. But one day, when the witch-woman went into the garden to bury her bones, she seized the moment, looked up the chimney, and, sure enough, a bag of gold fell plump into her lap! Well! She was off with it in a moment, and ran and ran till she came to the apple tree, when she heard the witch-woman behind her. So she cried as her sister had done: “Apple tree! Apple tree, hide me So the old witch can’t find me, For if she does she’ll break my bones, Or bury me under the garden stones.” But the apple tree said: “No room here! I’ve too many apples.” So she had to run on; and when the witch-woman on her broomstick came flying by and called: “O Tree of mine! Tree of mine! Have you seen a naughty little maid With a willy willy wag and a great big bag, Who’s stolen my money—all I had?” Pathfinder English Reader 5 211
The apple tree replied: “Yes, mother dear, She’s gone down there.” Then the witch-woman went after her, caught her, gave her a thorough good beating, took the bag of money away from her, and sent her home without a penny payment for all her dusting, and sweeping, and brushing, and cleaning. Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST Learn and add synonyms. plunged illicit folded remote kindness comfy Word Meaning Synonym a. afield to or at a distance far b. obliging willing to do a service helpful c. comfortable producing a relaxing feeling easy d. tumbled having fallen quickly dropped e. forbidden not allowed; banned prohibited f. kilted gathered in vertical folds pleated Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK a. Why did the younger sister leave home? b. Who did she help on the way? c. Why did the baker, the apple tree, and the cow help her? d. Why was the elder sister not helped by the baker, the apple tree ,and the cow? 212 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 6 CREATIVE WRITING Rewrite the above story in your own words and tell it to your friends. Share your story with your friends on social media. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read some stories about sympathy and rewrite one of them. Tell your story to your class. Share your story with your friends on social media. STEP GRAMMAR : Connectives 5 Connectives (and, but, because, so, or) Activity 1 Discuss and Learn. What are connectives? When do we use and, but, because, so and or? Look at these sentences: " I like fish and meat, but I don’t like curd. " I take a glass of milk and an egg for my breakfast. " Give me a pen or a pencil to write phone number. " I could not complete homework because I was sick. NOTE: We use and to add and connect two statements, words or phrases. We use but to show contrast or difference. We use because to show reason. We use or to show choice. We use so to show result. Activity 2 Do and learn. Use the appropriate connectives and, but, because, or, so in the blank spaces. a. I was very tired, ___________I went to bed early yesterday. b. I can’t run ___________my ankle hurts. c. I need some cheese ___________ ghee for dinner. d. I like to eat apples, ___________I don’t like to eat avocadoes. e. You can sleep ___________watch TV. It’s your choice. Pathfinder English Reader 5 213
STEP WRITING : PERSONAL LETTER 6 a. Suppose you are living in a hostel. You need some money to buy books and notebooks. Now write a letter to your father to send you some money to buy books and notebooks. b. Write an email to your friend telling him about your hobby. STEP PUNCTUATION : Quotation Marks “___” 7 Activity 1 Discuss the use of quotation marks Look at the following sentences: " Ramesh said to me, “I want to help you.” " “I’m very happy today,” said Bibek to his friend. " The commander said to his soldiers, “ Do or die but don’t surrender!” Quotation marks (also known as quotes or inverted commas) are used to indicate direct speech and quotations. Activity 2 Do and learn. Use the inverted commas, full stops and commas where necessary. a. She said to me I will go to hospital tomorrow b. Come on boy. Food is ready said my mother c. I’m really sorry sir said the boy d. Our principal said to us You have to follow school’s rules and regulations e. How can I help you said the receptionist f. She said to me I love you g. He said to her Let’s marry 214 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 8 PRONUNCIATION Write the correct pronunciation of (-S) or (-ES) at the end of the following words. caps cages cards trees boys cakes s iz z scarves rabbits hats friends mazes sages paths gloves foxes maps families glasses desks lamps cars pages matches guns word use STEP 9 HOT based spelling Advice or advise? Look up the words (advice and advise) in a dictionary and complete the sentences. " My parents always advise me to obey my teachers. " My parents always give me advice to obey my teachers. a. I ……………. you to give up smoking.(advice/advise) b. My ……...... is that you should give up smoking. (advice/advise) c. I would like to hear your ………. on this matter. (advice/advise) d. Don’t ……………. me on this matter. (advice/advise) e. I don’t need your ……………. on this matter. (advice/advise) f. Some people give their ……………. in each and every matter. g. Our parents and teachers always give us good ………… (advice/ advise) h. You should ……... your children how to behave. (advice/advise) Pathfinder English Reader 5 215
HOT ? : What two letters make the above words different? STEP LISTENING TEST 10 Instruction: Listen to the teacher or the audio disc and do the activities that follow. Choose the correct answer. a. What does Alice keep forgetting? i. Her purse ii. Her hat iii. Her dog iv. Her umbrella b. How is Alice shielding herself from the rain? i. With her coat ii. With her hands iii. Under a tree iv. She doesn’t have a shield c. Who is watching Alice? i. The mailman ii. People with umbrella iii. No one iv. Alice’s dog d. What season is it? i. Summer ii. Winter iii. Spring iv. Autumn e. What happened to Alice’s hair? i. It got frizzy. ii. Nothing. iii. It got wet. iv. It’s tangled. f. What month is it? i. December ii. April iii. July iv. February STEP 11 PROJECT WORK Highlight 10 homophones with examples like advice and advise. 216 Pathfinder English Reader 5
UNIT 13 DESCRIBING PEOPLE, PLACES, AND THINGS Objectives of the unit After the completion of this unit, students will be able to: Ò describe people, places and things Ò tell the story ‘The Rich Lady’ and rewrite it in their words Ò tell the story ‘The True Devotee’ and appreciate it Ò use descriptive adjectives Ò write paragraphs about their likes and dislikes Ask and answer. a. I have a neck but no head. I have two arms but no hands. I accompany you to school. What am I? b. The person who makes me does not need me; the person who buys me does not use me. The person who uses me can neither see nor feel me. What am I? c. I am a room that has no doors or windows. What am I? d. I take off my clothes when you put on your clothes. I put on my clothes when you take off your clothes. What am I? e. People make me, save me, change me. What am I? f. If you drop me, I’m sure to crack, but smile at me, and I’ll always smile back. What am I? g. I have keys, but no locks and space, and no rooms. You can enter, but you can’t go outside. What am I? STEP 1 BRAIN TEASER Pathfinder English Reader 5 217
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Function Describing people, places and things Talking Item - 1 A : Have you seen the new girl at school? B : No, I haven’t. A : She’s really pretty. B : Describe her to me. A : She’s not too tall. B : Well, how tall is she? A : She’s about five feet even. B : What does she look like, though? A : She has pretty deep black eyes. She has a round face. She gets dimples on her cheeks while smiling that charms everyone. She has long silky hair. B : I may know which girl you’re talking about. A : So you have seen her around? B : Yes, I have. Talking Item - 2 A : I absolutely love what you’re wearing today. B : You do? I just bought this outfit a couple of days ago. A : Seriously, it looks really nice on you. Where did you buy it from? B : I bought it from the Korean Shop. A : I really like that outfit. B : Thanks. I think you look nice today, too. A : Thank you. I just bought these new shoes earlier today. B : These are really attractive. 218 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 3 LET’S RECITE Read the given text at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 Pre-reading Project Activity 2 Discuss before reading. a. Ask and answer about the activities given in the pre-reading project. b. What do your parents do for you? c. Why do they do all these things for you? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. Why do parents work hard for their children? b. What do they do to make their kids happy? c. Who is speaking in the poem? Because They Love Me When I am sad, they comfort me. When I am sick, they care for me. When I misbehave, they discipline me. Because they love me. When I need help, they help me. When I lose all faith, they help me regain it. Pathfinder English Reader 5 219
When I need forgiveness, they forgive me. Because they love me. When I feel dumb, they let me know I am smart. When I am made fun of, they tell me I am special. No matter what happens, I know they will always be there. Because they love me. -Jenna Fowler Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST Write the correct word for each from the box. faith comfort misbehave discipline dumb forgiveness smart a. Lacking intelligence ............................. b. To stop blaming or pardon ............................. c. Show intelligence or cleverness ............................. d. Confidence in someone or trust ............................. e. To please or satisfy ............................. f. To behave badly or improperly ............................. Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK Complete the statements with the correct information from the poem. a. Parents comfort their children when they are _____________. b. Parents take care of them when they fall _____________. c. They discipline their children when they _____________. d. Parents forgive their children when they need _____________. e. Children are very _____________ for parents. 220 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 6 CREATIVE WRITING Compose a poem about your parents’ love. Recite your poem to your class. Share it with your friends on social media. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read some poems about parents’ love on the Internet. Note down one of your choice and recite it to your class. Write its summary’ too. STEP 4 READING READING ITEM I STORY Read the given story thoroughly at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 Discuss before reading a. What is your parents’ hobby? What do they say about their hobby? b. What is your hobby? How do you like it? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. How was the rich lady by nature? b. What is her condition to pay for the painting? c. How did the painter befool her? d. What can be the suitable title of the story? There lived a rich lady in a city. She was proud of her wealth and beauty. She did not like to hear others’ praise. She had a dog. She was fond of her dog. She wanted to make her life memorable with her dog. In the downtown, there lived a great painter too. He was very wise and had a great presence of mind. His name and fame was everywhere as a renowned painter. People come to him from far away for their portrait. Pathfinder English Reader 5 221
One day a rich lady visited him with her dog. She asked him to paint her most beautiful portrait with her dog. She promised him to pay a huge sum of money if her dog liked the painting. The painter was in a dilemma whether he should paint or not. The rich lady asked him, “Do you agree, Mr. Painter?” The painter thought for a while and said, “I can agree provided that you will pay double if your dog likes the painting.” “Sure, I will pay you double if my dog likes it.” The painter agreed and started his painting. He took her simple sketch for further work. After a week of hard work, the portrait of the rich lady was completed. The rich lady came with her dog on the appointed date. The painter showed her the portrait and waited for her response. The lady looked at the painting and then looked at her dog. She said, “You have made an absolutely rubbish painting, my dog is not paying any attention to it. How can I appreciate your portrait which is not liked by my favourite dog? If my dog liked it, I would believe that it was a great portrait. I came here because I heard great praise of your work but it was all wrong. I will not give you any money for this painting according to our terms and conditions.” The painter was shocked. He did nothing for a week except painting that portrait. When the lady began to leave, the painter said politely, “Madam, I could not please you and your dog with my work today. But please ma’am, kindly visit tomorrow and I hope your dog will also like my painting. Till then I will correct my mistake.” She nodded her head and went out of the shop. Next day the lady came with her dog. This time, as soon as the lady reached near the painting, the dog 222 Pathfinder English Reader 5
started to smell and lick it. Seeing this, the lady was really pleased and took the picture. She paid its double price and went away with the painting and her dog. The dog kept on licking the painting. An intern (trainee doctor) was observing all these things sitting on a chair at the painter’s shop. The intern was amazed looking at the picture and the dog. So he asked the painter its secret, “Yesterday, the dog was not even looking at the painting and today the dog was licking it. How is it possible, Mr. Painter?” The painter said to the doctor, “Mr. Doctor, do you think it is possible a dog likes a painting? She actually wanted to humiliate my portrait. So I used my presence of mind. For this, I rubbed a piece of meat on the bottom edge of the picture at night. Due to that smell of meat, the dog started licking it.” The doctor bit his tongue in surprise. Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST (i) Learn the word meanings and add a synonym to them. completely, drawing, in case, common sense, disgrace, famous, astonished, shook Word Meaning Synonym a. humiliate make someone feel ashamed, dishonour, shame b. renowned well-known, popular, eminent c. amazed shocked, surprised, stunned d. nodded lower and raise one's head, wagged, e. absolutely totally , wholly, fully, thoroughly f. portrait painting, image, canvas g. provided that on condition that, provident h. presence of mind the ability to make good decisions quickly, good judgment Pathfinder English Reader 5 223
(ii) From the above Activity 4 (i), find the words that are opposite. notorious respect partially forgetful (iii) WORDS IN USE Choose the correct word according to the situation. a. He is charged for murder case. He is a………………….person in his district.(renowned, notorious, famous) b. When she heard about the accident, she was ………………. (surprised, shocked, pleased) c. Are you ………………. sure that you locked the main door? (absolutely, partially, wholly) d. We use the word ……………for good name and …………….. for bad name.(famous, notorious) Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. State true or false. a. The lady was jealous by nature. b. She praised others’ work. c. She wanted to appreciate the painter. d. The painter was very sensible. e. The dog liked the portrait of the lady. 2. Answer the following questions: a. Why did the lady go to the painter? b. What was the condition to pay money? c. How did the painter get his payment? d. Why was the intern amazed? Activity 6 CREATIVE WRITING Rewrite the above story in your own words. 224 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Write an interesting short story about the presence of mind taking help from the Internet. There are many stories about Birbal and Akabar based on presence of mind. Read out the story to the class and share it with your friend on social media. READING ITEM II STORY Read the given story at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 DISCUSS BEFORE READING. 1. Ask and answer. a. Ask and answer about the activities of the pre-reading activites. b. What is happening in each picture?What isthe importance of balance in each picture? Can they think about other thing at this moment? Pathfinder English Reader 5 225
Activity - 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. What did sage Narada think about himself ? b. Why did he go to Lord Vishnu? c. Who was the greatest devotee of Lord Vishnu? d. What can be the suitable title of the story? Once sage Narada got a question in his mind that who is the greatest devotee of Lord Vishnu. He thought, “Instead of finding myself, let me ask Lord Vishnu.” Also, in his mind he was thinking, “Since I am always chanting the name Narayana on my vina, so my beloved Lord will surely tell that I am his greatest devotee.” But he wanted to hear this directly from the Lord. So, Narada went to Lord Vishnu and prayerfully asked, “My dear Lord, can you please tell me who is your greatest devotee?” Narada was desperately waiting for the answer. Lord Vishnu looked at Narada, smiled a little and said, “My dear son, a farmer residing on the earth is my best devotee.” 226 Pathfinder English Reader 5
The celestial sage could not believe what he heard, “How can this be possible? On my lips and in my heart, there is always the name of Narayana. What this fortunate farmer is doing that I am not doing? He could not resist himself and blurted out, “Dear Lord, can you please tell me what devotion he performs that you consider him the best?” Lord Vishnu understood what is going on in Narada’s heart. So, he said, “Instead of me telling you about his devotional activities. Why don’t you go to his house and see for yourself what he is doing?” Narada agreed with the Lord. He took the address and immediately flew with a lightning speed and reached the house of the farmer. He wanted to eagerly see the best devotee of Lord Vishnu in the entire creation. Instead of directly going and asking farmer about his activities, he thought because a devotee never likes to hear his glorification, so let me hide myself and see his activities. He saw that the farmer got up early in the morning. As he got up, he folded his palms and chanted the name Narayana. He then began his morning duties. Till afternoon he was busy in his household work and then he had gone to his farm. In the afternoon, just before taking lunch, he folded his palms and chanted the name Narayana and again he got busy with his work. And in the night just before sleeping, he again chanted the name Narayana. Narada was perturbed, “The farmer took the name “Narayana” only three times but he takes the name Narayana every moment but the Supreme Lord considered farmer to be his greatest devotee.” He immediately went to the abode of Lord Narayana. The Supreme Lord understood why Narada is here. Before Narada could say anything, Lord said, “Dear Narada, I have a small work for you. Will you please do it?” Narada said, “You do not have to ask me. Just order me.” Pathfinder English Reader 5 227
The Lord said, “Can you please bring me a pot of water which is filled up to brim?” Narada said, “Sure, my Lord.” As he was about to leave to fetch water, the Lord said, “But one important thing you have to remember. Make sure that not even a single drop falls down from the pot. If it happens, I will not accept the water.” Narada nodded his head and left to bring the water. Finally, he brought the pot completely filled with water. Also he had made sure that not even a single drop falls down. Lord Vishnu appreciated the effort of his dear devotee and thanked him. He then asked, “Now tell me, when you were bringing water for me and making sure that not even a drop falls down then how many times you chanted my name?” Narada was speechless. He realized that he did not chant the name of “Narayana” even once while doing this service. Lord continued, “The farmer was busy whole day but from his busy schedule he found time to take my name. Is it true or not?” Narada who was feeling embarrassed nodded his head in affirmation. Lord further said, “So now tell me who is my greatest devotee?” The celestial sage got answer to his question that who is the greatest devotee of Lord Vishnu. 228 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. Learn and add synonyms. disciple adoration spiritual agitated astonished anxiously Word Meaning Synonym a. speechless unable to speak amazed, wordless b. desperately in a way that shows despair frantically ,wildly c. devotee a person who is very interested in someone follower d. glorification the action of describing or representing something as admirable worship, love, respect e. celestial positioned in or relating to the sky holy, blessed, divine f. perturbed feeling anxiety or concern; unsettled. disturbed, troubled, bothered 2. Find the antonyms. Strike out the opposite words in the following sets of synonyms. Word Synonyms appreciated valued respected criticized entire whole part complete please irritate satisfy delight celestial heavenly godly earthy glorification praise contempt worship Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. State true or false. a. Sage Narada would think that he was the only true devotee of Lord Vishnu. b. Lord Vishnu said that Narad was the greatest devotee. Pathfinder English Reader 5 229
c. The farmer managed time to recall Lord Vishnu during his work too. d. Narada kept on chanting Vishnu’s name while fetching pitcher on his head. e. The farmer went to bring water for Lord Vishnu. 2. Answer the following questions: a. Who was sage Narada and what did he think himself? b. What did Lord Vishnu say to Narada to do? c. Why could Narada not chant Vishnu’s name while fetching pitcher on his head? d. At what time did the farmer recall Vishnu’s name? Activity 6 CREATIVE WRITING Rewrite the above story in your own words. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read some short stories about the true devotees of Almighty God. Rewrite one of them and tell it to your class. Share your story with your friends on social media. STEP GRAMMAR : ADJECTIVES 5 Activity 1 Discuss with your teacher. What are adjectives? What are different adjectives? Look at these sentences: � My sister is tall and slim. � Her face is round. � She has black long hair. � She has bright eyes. � She is very intelligent. 230 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Grammar Note: The words tall, slim, rounds, black, long, bright and intelligent are adjectives. Adjectives are words that describe persons, places and things. They tell something more about them. Adjectives are also called describing words. Activity 2 Do and learn. Underline the adjectives in the given sentences. a. There are tall and beautiful mountains in Nepal. b. There was an old lion in a dense forest. c. It was a stupid thing to do so. d. She seems very intelligent and calm. e. He was a mischievous boy. f. She looked gorgeous in that blue gown. Activity 3 PROJECT WORK Show the types of adjectives and their uses with suitable examples on a chart paper. STEP WRITING : PARAGRAPHS 6 a. Write a couple of paragraphs about your likes and dislikes. b. Write a couple of paragraphs about your father’s or mother’s likes and dislikes. STEP PUNCTUATION 7 Punctuate the following sentences: a. nepal is a small country b. my friend, rahul, is very helpful c. my home is in palpa district d. your my best friend Pathfinder English Reader 5 231
e. don’t come late said the teacher f. ritas sister is cute STEP 8 PRONUNCIATION Complete the diagram as instructed. s-es S or es is pronounced as z after the letters ............ S is pronounced as iz after the letters ............ S is pronounced as s after the letters ............ word use STEP 9 spelling Look up the given words in a dictionary and put them in the blank spaces to complete the sentences. a. The word _____________ refers to the person who is the head of a school or a college. (principal/principle) b. The word _____________ refers to the basic idea or rule or theory. (principal/principle) c. Do you know Newton’s _____________ of gravitation force? (principal/principle) d. I would like to invite our _____________ sir to deliver a welcome speech. (principal/principle) e. If I don’t put my keys in my pocket, I always _____________ them.(lose/loose) f. If you don’t look after your staff, you will _____________ them. (lose/loose) g. I don’t like to wear _____________ dress. (loose/lose) 232 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP LISTENING TEST 10 Instruction: Listen to the characters or the audio disc and do the activities that follow. Listen and tick. a. Mike wants to go and see the Tower of London. i. True ii. False b. It never rains in London in August. i. True ii. False c. Jen doesn’t remember the correct gate number. i. True ii. False d. Mike has terrible memories about his trip to Germany. i. True ii. False e. There are three flights leaving at ten o’clock. i. True ii. False f. Mike knows which airline they are flying with. i. True ii. False g. There’s a problem with the British Airways flight. i. True ii. False h. They are going to walk to the gate. i. True ii. False STEP 11 PROJECT WORK Highlight the parts of speech with examples on a chart paper. a. a shirt b. a coffin c. a mushroom d. cloth hanger e. money f. a mirror g. a keyboard STEP 1 : ANSWER Pathfinder English Reader 5 233
UNIT 14 Expressing Likes and Dislikes Objectives of the unit After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò ask questions about likes and dislikes and respond to them Ò write different thank you letters Ò tell about Florence Nightingale Ò complete broken dialogue Ò tell about Faros and appreciate arts Ò make new words using suffixes Ò use articles a, an and the correctly Ò articulate the suffix -ed correctly in different words Ò use gerund and infinitive Ò develop short stories with the help of clues STEP 1 FUN COMMUNICATION Riddle-Giggle-1 Why? Me, sir. It’s H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O. Yesterday you said that the chemical formula is H to O! Can you tell the formula of water? 234 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Function Expressing likes and dislikes. Talking Item - 1 A : What kind of music do you enjoy listening to? B : I enjoy listening to all kinds of music. A : What kind? B : I like to listen to Rock and R&B. A : Why do you like that type of music? B : I like the kinds of instruments that they use. A : I think that’s an excellent reason to like something. B : Thanks, I feel the same way. Talking Item - 2 A : Wow, look at all those ice cream choices! B : Yes, that is a lot of choices. What is your favourite? A : I love anything with chocolate the best. B : I like chocolate myself. A : Is there any kind of ice cream you don’t like? B : I really don’t like any ice cream with nuts in it. A : I haven’t ever cared for that myself. B : Have you ever had garlic ice cream? A : That sounds absolutely disgusting! B : It was. Let’s stick with the regular choices today, though. Pathfinder English Reader 5 235
STEP 3 LET’S RECITE Read the given poem at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the activities set in the pre-reading project. b. What do you like and what do you not like? Tell your friends. Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. What does the speaker of the poem like? b. What types of poems does he like? Let’s Sing! I like sunshine, I like snow I like brown leaves, when they blow I like cookies, I like cake I like waffles, when I wake I like collies, I like cats I like clowns, in funny hats I like baseball, I like trains I like sleeping, when it rains I like stories at bedtime I like poems when they rhyme. 236 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 4 COMPREHENSION CHECK What does the poet like? Write it in a paragraph. Activity 5 CREATIVE TASK Compose a poem on what you like and dislike. Recite your poem to your class and share it on your social media. STEP 4 READING READING ITEM I FAMOUS PEOPLE Read the given text thoroughly at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 Discuss before reading. a. Ask and answer about the task given in the pre-reading project. b. What are your hobbies? c. What are the benefits of hobbies? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. What did Florence and Pele want to do? b. How did Jhamak learn reading and writing? c. Who is Nicholas? Florence Nightingale Our interest leads us towards creativity. When we are creative, our brains release dopamine, which is a natural antidepressant. Creativity usually requires great concentration and can lead to the feeling of natural wellbeing. Many scientists believe that there is a link between creative activities Pathfinder English Reader 5 237
and the ability to reduce cognitive impairment associated with ageing. Participating in creative activities can help alleviate depression. Florence was born in a rich family in Italy. She was kind and thoughtful girl. She was unusual girl of her time because young girls wanted to get married and enjoy life. But Florence did not like to get married and attend party. She wanted to learn nursing and serve people. So, she learned nursing and became a great nurse. She devoted her life serving sick people. She is well known as ‘the lady of the lamp’. She enjoyed her life serving people. Pele A small boy who was often seen kicking a rolled-up sock stuffed with rags around the streets became a superstar of soccer. He had no money to buy a football but he had a passion to play football. Wherever he went, he was found kicking a ball. He loved kicking and that made him a legend of soccer. Once he said, I was born to play football, just like Beethoven was born to write music and Michelangelo was born to paint.’ 238 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Jhamak kumari Ghimire Jhamak Kumari Ghimire was born with cerebral palsy that made her unable to move her body organs. She cannot speak and walk. Her hands don’t work. Her legs don’t walk. Despite all these tough difficulties, she can write with her left leg. Her toes of left leg help her writing. Her parents did not send her to school. So she used to write on dust with her toes. She wanted to go to school but could not and was not sent. This made her very sad. But she never gave up her hope of reading and writing. She learnt herself practicing on dust with her toes. And she became a great writer of Nepalese literature. Her autobiographical book Jeevan Kanda Ki Fool won the most prestigious prize of Madan Puraskar. Jhamak Kumari is a great source of inspiration to achieve success despite physical disabilities and social discrimination. It is her burning interest. Nicholas James Vujicic When Nicholas was born, it was found that he had an exceedingly rare disease called phocomelia. This disorder caused him to be born without his four limbs, also known as Tetra-Amelia syndrome. This major disability could not stop him from being one of the most famous motivational speakers. The power in his heart is evident when he says, “If you can’t get a miracle, become one.” Pathfinder English Reader 5 239
Activity - 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. Let’s learn new words. Word Meaning antidepressant a drug used to alleviate depression dopamine is a feel good neurotransmitter neurotransmitters neurotransmitters are often referred to as the body's chemical messengers cognitive involving the processes of thinking and reasoning depression a mood disorder that causes a strong feeling of sadness and loss of interest impairment a condition in which a part of a person's mind or body is damaged alleviate make (suffering, deficiency, or a problem) less severe nourishing (of food) containing substances necessary for growth, health, and good condition cerebral palsy is a group of disorders that affect a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture prestigious Inspiring, respect and admiration; having high status exceedingly extremely, very 2. Find the words that mean: bias wonder competences celebrity Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. State true or false. a. Creative activities increase depression. b. Dopamine creates depression. c. Pele was fond of socks from his childhood. d. Jhamak learnt reading and writing using paper and pencil. 240 Pathfinder English Reader 5
e. Nicholas James Vujicic was suffering from phocomelia. f. Phocomelia helps to develop strong limbs. 2. Complete the sentences with the correct information from the above texts. a. Jhamak was fond of …………despite her physical disability. b. Pele was a passionate player of …………………………….. c. Nicholas James Vujicic is a renowned ………………………. d. The disease that makes people unable to move their body organs is called………………………………. e. Florence Nightingale devoted her life in serving ……………… Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Write a couple of paragraphs about your interest and hobby. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Physical disability is a hurdle for progress but it is nothing for the passionate people. Justify this statement with some examples. Take help from the Internet searching for successful persons who are were physically disable. READING ITEM I STORY Read the given story at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity - 1 Pre-reading Project Activity 2 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. How did Faros become best artist? b. What did he stop to sell his painting? c. What can be the suitable title of the story? Pathfinder English Reader 5 241
Faros was very interested in painting from his childhood. Later he became best artist in the world. Everyone loved him. The quality of his painting was very high. He always used the best materials. He made a big profit from his painting. He had delicious meals with his rich neighbours. He taught art classes. His life was good. Then his attitude changed. He stopped selling paintings and teaching. He tried a new method of painting. He stayed alone in his apartment all day. He worked all day and all night rarely eating. Soon he became very thin. But he kept working on the same painting for many years. He worked as hard as he could. Finally, he finished the painting. He was very happy and invited other artiststo see it. “I want your professional opinion,” he said. He wanted them to judge it and compare it to other painting. Everybody was very excited as they went up the stairs to his apartment. Faros was excited to show his painting and the artists were excited to see it. They’ll love it. He thought. But they did not. They were surprised by his painting. There was no white anywhere. Faros filled the whole painting with lines and colours. There was no space for a normal picture. It was full of strange shapes. It looked bad to the other artists. He used symbols and they didn’t understand them. They thought it was terrible. “Why did you paint this strange picture?” someone asked. They didn’t understand its beauty. But after some time, many people began to like his painting. People wrote 242 Pathfinder English Reader 5