STEP 3 LET’S RECITE Read the given poem at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION Ask and answer. a. Ask and answer about the assignment given in the pre-reading project. b. What qualities do you find in children? Tell your friends. Example: Children are lovely. They are active. Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. What qualities of children are highlighted in the poem by the poet? Children Children are very curious and smart; They are kind with a beautiful heart. Always exploring and climbing trees, When kids see ice cream, they just ask please. Children are honest and speak the truth, Under the pillow, they put their tooth. Energy, they never run out, When playing outside, constantly shout. Each day with excitement they dream, Kids know how to work as a team. The rest of us, should observe and learn, Kids show compassion and also concern. Pathfinder English Reader 5 43
Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. Learn and add synonyms. regularly zeal kindness eager clever discovering Word Meaning Synonym a. curious interested in learning about people or things around you b. smart intelligent, or able to think and understand quickly in difficult situations c. exploring thinking or talking about something in order to find out more about it: d. constantly continuously over a period of time; always. e. excitement a feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness f. compassion afeelingofpity,sympathy,andunderstanding for someone who is suffering. g. observe To watch carefully the way something happens 2. Find antonyms. Circle the opposite words in each set of synonyms. a. curious eager interested indifferent b. climbing descending mounting ascending c. kids children adults offspring d. truth reality false fact e. compassion sympathy apathy empathy 3. WORDS IN USE Complete the sentences with the correct words from the box. children truth compassion ascending a. The __________ of Mt. Everest is the toughest feat. b. We should show our heartfelt ________ to the poor and the sick. c. Death is the ultimate __________ of our life. d. Adults must recall their childhood days while dealing with ____. 44 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK What kinds of qualities of children are highlighted in the poem? Write each quality in a sentence. For example: Children are very curious. They are very smart. Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Compose a poem about the characteristics of children. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Surf the Internet and read some poems about children. Write down one of them which you like most. Recite the poem and write its summary. Share your poems with your friends on social media. STEP 4 READING READING ITEM I BROCHURE Read the given brochure at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the assignment given in the pre-reading project. b. What do you know about CMC? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. When was Chitwan Medical College established? b. What does the college produce? c. Who has recognized the college? Pathfinder English Reader 5 45
Chitwan Medical College, Nepal Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, in Bharatpur, Nepal, is affiliated with Tribhuvan University and isthe first ISO-certified medical college. This private medical college in Bharatpur is a 750- bed teaching hospital. All kinds of facilities are available for the treatment of patients. Chitwan MedicalCollege is a project ofthe International Society for Medical Education Private Limited, a non-profit organization. It was founded in 1993, when the Nepal government granted permission for the establishment of a prominent institution in Nepal to provide quality medical education to students and decent healthcare to all. The college seeks to produce highquality doctors, support workers, and paramedical professionals who will benefit society and the country as a whole. Chitawan Medical College has received recognition from the Medical Council of India, the Medical Council of Sri Lanka, and the General Medical Council of Great Britain. It is also recognized by the ECFMG- USA. It maintains the vision of becoming an independent center of excellence that imparts very high standard medical education and services to the society. They will also offer time to research to make the society a better place to live in. Highly skilled and proficient medical personnel will be produced by this institute to take care of the healthcare conditions in and around the country. Approvals and Affiliations Chitwan Medical College is approved by the Nepal Medical Council and affiliated with Tribhuvan University. 46 Pathfinder English Reader 5
More details about the college College name Chitwan Medical College Nickname CMC Established 2006 Type private Affiliated Tribhuvan University Recognition and accreditation Nepal Medical Council Location Bharatpur, Nepal Course offered MBBS, MDS, MPH, B. Pharm, B.Sc. Nursing, MIT,MLT, MN, M.Sc. Clinical Microbiology Accepted exam TU IOM Entrance Exam, NEET Courses MBBS Post-graduate DM in Cardiology DM in Neurology DM in Nephrology M Ch. In Urology M Ch. in cardio thoracic and vascular surgery Placement Citwan Medical College, Nepal, will train individuals with great care to work in the army, navy, and air force as doctors and paramedical staff. The students can bag jobs in several private and government hospitals. Amenities The fee structure of Chitawan Medical College is kept affordable to admit students of all classes of the society. The facilities offered by this institution are very good and up to the standards. Some of the salient facilities are highlighted as below: Huge lecture halls are with good seating capacity and audio visual aids. Air conditioned library offers good reading spaces. It is fully stacked with journals of all countries and reference books. High quality faculty is present to offer training. Workshops and seminars are arranged for proper development of the candidates. Pathfinder English Reader 5 47
Hostels are present for boys and girls with nice furniture. Amenities center provide stationery, photocopy facilities and snacks requirements. Yoga classes and gymnasium is present for entertainment purposes. Security is well maintained. Transportation system has buses to pick up and drop students and staff. Contact details Chitwan Medical College Chitawan Nepal P.O.Box: 23 https://www.besonline.in/chitwan-medical-college-cmc-nepal.html Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. Learn and add synonyms. employees skillful self-governing give outstanding suitable acknowledgment leading connected expert medical experts Word Meaning Synonym affiliated linked prominent well known decent standard paramedical relating to medical professional relating to occupation recognition accreditation excellence the quality of being extremely good impart provide independent autonomous proficient expert personnel staffs 48 Pathfinder English Reader 5
2. Match the words with their meanings. Column A Column B a. Cardiology i. The study of kidney b. Nephrology ii. Aroom or building equipped for gymnastics, games, and other physical exercise. c. Urology iii. The branch of science that deals with microorganisms. d. Gymnasium iv. The study of heart e. Microbiology v. The Study of urinary tract 3. WORDS IN USE Use the correct word from the box to complete the sentences. paramedical urologist cardiologist self-governing a. People come to my father seeking advice about their heart problems. My father is a __________. b. CMS runs its activities without the funding by government. It is a __________ institute. c. Doctors and nurses are related to medical field. They are called __________ human resources. d. I feel pain while passing urine. I have to see a __________ for treatment. Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. State true or false and rewrite the false statements with correction. a. CMC is an ISO certified medial college. b. Only limited facilities are available for the treatment of patients. c. Highly skilled and proficient engineers will be produced by this institute. d. It is affiliated with Kathmandu University. e. Paramedical professionals work in the government offices. Pathfinder English Reader 5 49
2. Answer the following questions: a. What does CMC stand for? b. Why was CMS established? c. Write the names that have given recognition to CMC. d. What kinds of professionals are produced by CMC? e. What kinds of facilities are available in the library? Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Prepare a brochure of your school. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Visit some schools, colleges, hospitals, banks, institutions, and collect their brochures and prepare a collage of brochures. READING ITEM II STORY Read the given texts at home. Note down their unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the assignment given in the pre-reading project. b. Have you ever attended a marriage party? What happened there? Tell your friends. Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. Why did the sage change the mouse into a little girl? b. Why did she not marry to the sun? c. Why did she marry to a mouse? 50 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Marriage of a Mouse Once upon a time, a holy monk was bathing in the River Ganges. All of a sudden, a baby mouse fell in front of him from the claws of a kite. Touched with compassion for the mouse, he took it in his hands and wrapped it up in a leaf. He carried it home with him. Fearing that his people would not be very eager to care for it, he prayed his Lord to change it into a young girl. Immediately, the mouse changed into a beautiful little young girl. Taking her to his hermitage, he said to his wife, who was childless and always longed for a child, “My dear, I have got her. Take her as a daughter. Bring her up with love and care!” She was also happy to find a beautiful daughter. Pathfinder English Reader 5 51
Thereafter, the girl was reared, loved, and nurtured. When she was young enough for her marriage, the wife said to her husband, “Listen, husband, do you not see our daughter is young enough for marriage? Let’s search for a handsome bridegroom for her.” He called his daughter and said, “My dear daughter, you are quite grown up, and you absolutely must have a husband; choose then, one to suit yourself, so that I may unite you to him.” The monk asked her, ‘What kind of husband would you like to marry?” “Since you leave me free to choose,” she replied, “I wish for my husband, he who is the most powerful in the world.” “Perhaps you would like the sun?” said the father and summoned the sun. Through the power of prayer and incantations the sun appeared without delay, saying, “Holy man, why do you summon me?” The man answered, “Behold! Here stands our young daughter. If she likes you, take her as a wife!” Having said this, he said to his daughter, “Daughter, does this exalted one please you, this sun god who illuminates the three worlds?” The daughter said, “Father, he is too hot. I do not want him. Summon a better one!” Hearing this, the wise man said to the sun, “Exalted one! Is there a being more powerful than you?” The sun answered, “Yes, there is a stronger one than I. The cloud, through whose cover I become invisible.” Then the wise man summoned the cloud and said to his daughter, “Daughter, shall I give you to this one as a wife?” She answered, “He is black and cold. Therefore, give me to another powerful being!” 52 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Upon this the wise man asked the cloud, “Listen, cloud! Is there anyone more powerful than you?” The cloud answered, “The wind is more powerful than I! Driven by the wind, I am scattered into a thousand pieces.” After hearing this, the wise man summoned the wind and said, “Daughter, does the wind please you most of all as a husband?” She answered, “Father! He is entirely too inconstant. Summon a more powerful one instead!” The wise man asked, “Wind, is there anyone more powerful than you?” The wind said, “The Mountain is more powerful than I, for however strong I am, he still stands firmly against me.” Pathfinder English Reader 5 53
Then the wise man summoned the mountain and said to the girl, “Daughter, shall I give you to this one in marriage?” She answered, “Father, he is hard and rigid. Therefore, give me to another one.” The wise man asked the mountain, “Listen, king of the mountains, is there anyone more powerful than you?” The mountain answered, “The mice are more powerful than I, for they make holes in my body with violence.” With that the wise man summoned a mouse and showed him to her, saying, “Daughter, shall I give you to him as a wife? Does this mouse king please you?” Seeing him, she thought, “Oh, yes, he is of my own kind.” Her hair stood on end with pleasure, making her even more beautiful, and she said, “Father, change me into a mouse and give me to him as a wife so that I can live happily, serve my lord, and fulfill the domestic duties prescribed for my kind!” Through the power of his holiness, he transformed her into a little mouse and gave her to the other mouse as a wife. They got married. He blessed them and they went into a hole. 54 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. Learn and add the synonyms. chants lights changed grand pondering raise call changeable Word Meaning Synonym meditation the action or practice of thinking or contemplation nurture to take care of, feed, and protect someone summon order to be present inconstant not staying the same throughout incantations a series of words said as a magic spell or charm illuminates brightens transformed converted exalted noble, high, glorious 2. Find the opposite words from the story. Word Opposite Word Opposite pain divorce cursed weak wild cruel certainly sadly 3. WORDS IN USE Use the given words in your own sentences. a. perhaps :……………………………………………………… b. domestic :……………………………………………………… c. nature :……………………………………………………… d. happily :……………………………………………………… e. bless :……………………………………………………… Pathfinder English Reader 5 55
Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. Choose the correct option. a. A mouse fell when the monk was: i. bathing ii. meditating iii. preaching b. The monk changed the mouse into a beautiful girl because: i. the mouse was beautiful ii. he was afraid of the people’s comments iii. he wanted a girl for his wife c. The Monk’s wife was happy to find a beautiful daughter because: i. she had no baby ii. she longed for a baby girl iii. the girl was beautiful d. The girl wished for the: i. tallest husband ii. strongest husband iii. richest husband e. The girl did not like the sun, the wind and the mountain because: i. they were very strange ii. they were not humans iii. they were not of her kind 2. Answer the following questions: a. Why did the monk change the mouse into a beautiful little girl? b. What did he say to his wife? c. What kind of husband did the girl want to marry? d. Why did the girl not like to marry the sun and the wind? e. Why did she like to marry the mouse? Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Write an interesting story of your own that you have read or heard. Read out the story to your class. Share your story with your friends on social sites. 56 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Surf the Internet and read some short stories about kindness or inborn quality. After reading, rewrite one of them which you like most and tell it to your class. Share your story with friends on your social sites. STEP GRAMMAR 5 Grammar Items Yes/No questions Adverbs of frequency Articles a and an Activity 1 Discuss and understand. a. What are auxiliary/helping verbs? b. What are their functions? c. What are yes/no questions? d. How are yes/no questions constructed? Activity 2 Read and understand. We use auxiliary verbs can, could, shall, should, is, am, are, was, were, do, does, did, in the beginning of a sentences to make yes/no questions. Look at the following examples: Statements Yes/No questions He is a teacher. Is he a teacher? You can help him. Can you help him? They were absent. Were they absent? She was a nurse. Was she a nurse? He taught them. Did he teach them? Pathfinder English Reader 5 57
Activity 3 Change the following statements into yes/no questions. a. They were out of the valley yesterday. b. She can help you with your homework. c. She was sick yesterday. d. They were in the park. e. She wrote a letter. f. She did not eat today. g. It was hot last year. h. Roma taught them English. i. The monkeys were on the roof. j. They could speak English. Activity 4 Adverbs of Frequency Discuss: a. What are adverbs? b. What are adverbs of frequency? c. What do they express? d. How do we use them? Adverbs of Frequency 90% usually 100% always 0% never 80% generally 70% often 50% sometimes 30% occasionally 5% rarely/hardly ever 15% seldom 58 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Remember ! Adverbs are words that are used to modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs. Adverbs of frequency tell us how often we work. Activity 5 Answer these questions using adverbs of frequency. And show it in the percentage too. Questions Answer It means How often do you go to school? I always go to school. 100% How often do you brush your teeth? How often do you remain absent from the school? How often do you take bath? How often do you cook food? How often do you help your mother in the kitchen? How often do you go swimming? How often do you drink coffee? How often do you meditate? How often do you exercise? How often do you eat meat? How often do you drink milk? Pathfinder English Reader 5 59
Activity 6 PROJECT Highlight the adverbs of frequency on a chart paper with examples. Activity 7 Use of ‘a’ and ‘an’ DISCUSS: When is article ‘a’ used? When is article ‘an’ used? 1. Read and understand. I have a story book. I eat an egg daily. She has a ribbon on her head. They have a bat and a ball. NOTE: We sue ‘a’ before a singular countable noun whose initial pronunciation is consonant and we use ‘an’ before a singular countable noun whose initial pronunciation is vowel. 2. Use ‘a’ or ‘an’ where appropriate. .......... cap .......... shirt .......... leg .......... eye .......... umbrella .......... apple .......... egg .......... pretty girl .......... LG TV .......... MP .......... owl .......... island .......... hour .......... ugly witch .......... pen .......... university .......... new bike .......... old car .......... octopus .......... happy girl .......... ant .......... whale .......... hen .......... fast plane .......... union .......... dog .......... goat .......... elephant .......... cargo .......... email .......... fan .......... orange bird .......... letter .......... book .......... hour .......... honest man .......... aunt .......... uncle .......... country .......... mountain Activity 8 PROJECT WORK Highlight the uses of ‘a’ and ‘an’ in detail taking help from the Internet. 60 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP WRITING : LETTERS 6 Letter writing formats There are different formats of letter writing. But the most commonly used letter format is block format. In block format, all the text is justified left. The sender’s address, date, receiver’s name and address, as well as the main body of the letter and the closing are all justified to the left hand side of the page and the paragraphs aren’t indented. Another is known as indented format. In an indented format letter, the first word of every paragraph is written leaving some spaces from the left margin. It is the most traditional format. The sender’s name, address and date are justified to the right side of the page. This format is also in practice. For detail, surf the internet. Block Format Indented Format Sender’s address Date Receiver’s name Address Salutation, ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... Closing words Signature Name Sender’s address Date Receiver’s name Address Salutation, ................................................. ..................................................... ..................................................... ................................................. ..................................................... ..................................................... Closing words Signature Name Pathfinder English Reader 5 61
SAMPLES Block Format Indented Format To The Principal Pathfinder English School Kathmandu, Nepal 4 March 2023 Subject: Leave application Dear Sir, Most respectfully, I would like to state that I have been suffering from diarrhea since last night. So I am unable to come to school. I, therefore, request you to grant me leave for two days from 4 to 5 March 2023. Thanking you. Yours obediently, Neriya Panthi Class 5 Section A Roll No. 2 4 March 2023 To The Principal Pathfinder English School Kathmandu, Nepal Subject: Leave application Dear Sir, Most respectfully, I would like to state that I have been suffering from diarrhea since last night. So I am unable to come to school. I, therefore, request you to grant me leave for two days (from 4 to 5 March 2023). Thanking you. Yours obediently, Neriya Panthi Class 5 Section A Roll No. 2 62 Pathfinder English Reader 5
A letter to a friend describing your school Kathmandu 20 July 2023 Dear Saurav, How are you? I am great. I received your letter yesterday. Thank you very much for giving me know about your school. I felt that your school is one of the best schools in your district. You wanted to know about my school too. So today, I am going to tell you about my school. The name of my school is Pathfinder English School. It is located at New Road, Kathmandu. It has a grand building. There are more than one thousand students and 35 teachers. There are 32 rooms of the school. There is a big library decked with books, journals, newspapers. It is specious. We have a library period in a week, and we go to the library to read books and newspapers. We have a big playground. Our school gives high priority to extracurricular activities. There are different clubs in the school. I am a member of the Bal Club. On every Friday, there are extracurricular activities. Besides these, there are computer lab, science lab, drinking water, clean rest rooms, and transportation facilities. Our teachers are highly qualified and experienced. They teach us lovingly and take care of us like their children. There is no corporal punishment but only counseling, love and encouragement. The result of our school is outstanding. There is a high reputation of our school in the district for its quality education. I like my school very much. This much today. Take care of yourself. Please let me know about your village, too. Please convey my regards to your parents. Your loving friend, Dinesh Pathfinder English Reader 5 63
Exercise a. Write a letter to your friend describing your school. b. Write a letter to your parents describing your hostel life. c. Write a letter to your foreign friend describing your city or village. STEP PUNCTUATION : USE OF HYPHEN (-) 7 A hyphen (-) is a punctuation mark that’s used to join words or parts of words. My father is thirty-five years old. His daughter-in-law is a lawyer. Activity 1 Do and learn. 1. Rewrite the following sentences using a hyphen (-) where necessary. a. Our grandmother is seventy two years old. b. My mother in law is very friendly. c. You must keep up-to-date news daily. d. He is a well known teacher in our village. e. I don’t like old-fashioned dress. f. His exwife died yesterday. g. We must eat fat free food for good health. h. You should do the pre reading activity before you learn a new lesson. Activity 2 PROJECT WORK Highlight the uses of hyphen (-) in detail on a chart paper. Take help from the Internet or a dictionary. 64 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 8 PRONUNCIATION Look, listen and say after your teacher. Pronunciation of vowel sounds Vowel Sounds Examples iː see beach city ɪ big dig sick ʊ full look woman uː food who music e let set met ə arrive angry about ɜː birth nurse earth ɔː for door saw word use STEP 9 HOT BASED SPELLING RULE Activity 1 Do and learn. Circle the right plural forms of the given nouns. Singular Nouns Plural Forms man mans men manes woman womans womanes women foot foots feet feets louse lice louses lices goose gooses geese geeses penny penies pennys pence child childs chiles children mouse mouses mice mousies deer deers dears deer toy toyes toys toies Pathfinder English Reader 5 65
Singular Nouns Plural Forms eye eyies eyes eys sheep sheeps sheps sheep potato potatoes potatos potatoies wife wifes wives wifies Activity 2 HOT Question Most of the nouns are changed into plural by adding s or es to them. What difference did you find in the above nouns? STEP LISTENING TEST 10 Instruction: Listen to the teacher or the audio disc and do the activities that follow. 2. Listen and write ‘Yes’ or ‘No’. a. Did it look like rain? b. Was the sky blue? c. Was it almost noon? d. Was the sun hidden by a yellow blanket? e. Was it hot? f. Were there birds flying everywhere? g. Did a couple of birds sit on the telephone wire? h. Was Bob standing inside? i. Was Bob talking to Bill? j. Were their hands in their pockets? STEP 11 PROJECT WORK Highlight the adverbs of frequency on a chart paper. 66 Pathfinder English Reader 5
UNIT 4 REQUESTING AND APOLOGIZING Objectives of the unit After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò make requests and respond to requests Ò ask for apologies and respond to apologies Ò recite the poem ‘I’m Sorry’ and explain it Ò tell the story ‘The Seed’ and do activities related to it Ò write leave applications to the principal and class teacher Ò make negative sentences and affirmative sentences Ò ask Wh. questions and respond to them Ò write apology letters Ò use upper case, commas, full stops and hyphens properly WHO AM I? a. I make two people out of one. What am I? b. You can see me in water, but I never get wet. What am I? c. When you have more of me, you can see less of anything. What Am I? d. I occur once in a minute, twice in a moment, and never in a thousand years? e. The more you take away from me, the bigger I become. What am I? f. You have to break me before you can use me? What am I? g. I am full of holes, but I can still hold a lot of water. What am I? STEP 1 FUN COMMUNICATION Pathfinder English Reader 5 67
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Function Requesting and apologizing Talking Item - 1 A : Would you mind closing the window for me, please? B : I’m afraid, I can’t. I’m feeling hot. Talking Item - 2 A : Would you mind opening the window for me, please? B : I’m sorry. I’m feeling cold. Talking Item - 3 A : Could you lend me hundred rupees? B : I’m sorry. I’m out of pocket now. A : No matter. Talking Item - 4 A : Can I read your newspaper? B : No problem. Talking Item - 5 A : I have to go early. Would it be possible for you to come here at 5a.m.? B : No problem. I’ll come. 68 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Talking Item - 6 A : Do you think you could lend me your cell phone for a call, please? I’ve an emergency call. B : No problem. Please take it. A : It’s very kind of you. Thank you so much. Talking Item - 7 A : Excuse me, sir. Can you please tell me the time? B : Oh, I’m sorry. I don’t have a watch. A : It’s OK. Talking Item - 8 Hark : I’m sorry. I shouldn’t have said that. I know you were badly hurt by my thoughtlessness. Kristi : Forget about it. It wasn’t annoyed at all. I know these sorts of things can happen from time to time. Hark : That’s so kind of you. Talking Item - 9 House owner : You’ve broken my window. Can’t you see? Boy : We’re so sorry, uncle. We were playing cricket. We never thought that the ball would hit the window. House owner : Haven’t I told you not to play in the street? Why don’t you go to the park? Boy : We know we shouldn’t have played here. We’re really sorry. We won’t repeat this mistake. House owner : That’s okay, but I don’t want you to play in the street again. Pathfinder English Reader 5 69
STEP 3 LET’S RECITE Read the given poem at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the assignment of the pre-reading project. b. How do you feel when you make a mistake? What do you ask for an apology? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. Why does the speaker of the poem ask for an apology? I’M SORRY Please give me a chance to explain, What I did was completely vain. It was clearly way beyond rude, Completely stupid, I must conclude. My actions and words, simply not right I’m sorry for my anger and spite. My emotions, I must learn to control, And never hurt you, this is my goal. I’m so sorry, from deep inside, Clearly guilty, my hands are tied. 70 Pathfinder English Reader 5
GLOSSARY vain : producing no result, useless spite : the desire to annoy, upset, or hurt someone My hands are tied : used to say that someone is unable to act freely anger : a strong feeling of annoyance, displeasure, or hostility. Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST 1. From the above poem, find the words that mean to the following: a. A feeling of worry or unhappiness that you have because you have done something wrong or crime: _____________ b. Strong feelings deriving from one’s circumstances, mood, or relationships with others: _____________ c. Showing a great lack of intelligence or common sense or silly manner: _____________ d. An aim or purpose: _____________ e. Offensively impolite or bad-mannered: _____________ 2. WORDS IN USE Use the given words in your own sentences. clarify totally unwise rage deeds offend Activity 5 CREATIVE TASK Write a poem of your own asking for sorry. You can take help from the Internet. Share your poem with your friends on social media. Pathfinder English Reader 5 71
STEP 4 READING READING ITEM I STORY Read the given story at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION Ask and answer. a. Ask and answer about the activities given in the pre-reading project. b. Why should we be honest? What happens if we become liars? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING The Seed A successful business man was growing old and knew it was time to choose a successor to take over the business. Instead of choosing one of his directors or his children, he decided to do something different. He called all the young executives in his company together. “It is time for me to step down and choose the next CEO (Chief Executive Officer),” he said. “I have decided to choose one of you.” The young executives were shocked, but the boss continued. “I am going to 72 Pathfinder English Reader 5
give each one of you a seed today - a very special seed. I want you to plant the seed, water it, and come back here one year from today with what you have grown from the seed I have given you. I will then judge the plants that you bring, and the one I choose will be the next CEO.” One man, named Jim, was there that day and he, like the others, received a seed. He went home and excitedly, told his wife the story. She helped him get a pot, soil and compost and he planted the seed. Every day, he would water it and watch to see if it had grown. After about three weeks, some of the other executives began to talk about their seeds and the plants that were beginning to grow. Jim kept checking his seed, but nothing ever grew. Three weeks, four weeks, five weeks went by, still nothing. By now, others were talking about their plants, but Jim didn’t have a plant and he felt like a failure. Six months went by - still nothing in Jim’s pot. He just knew he had killed his seed. Everyone else had trees and tall plants, but he had nothing. Jim didn’t say anything to his colleagues, however. He just kept watering and fertilizing the soil - he so wanted the seed to grow. Pathfinder English Reader 5 73
A year finally went by and all the young executives of the company brought their plants to the CEO for inspection. Jim told his wife that he wasn’t going to take an empty pot. But she asked him to be honest about what happened. Jim feltsick at hisstomach. It was going to be the most embarrassing moment of his life, but he knew his wife was right. He took his empty pot to the board room. When Jim arrived, he was amazed at the variety of plants grown by the other executives. They were beautiful in all shapes and sizes. Jim put his empty pot on the floor and many of his colleagues laughed at him. A few felt sorry for him! When the CEO arrived, he surveyed the room and greeted his young executives. Jim just tried to hide in the back. “My directors, what great plants, trees, and flowers you have grown!” said the CEO. “Today one of you will be appointed the next CEO!” 74 Pathfinder English Reader 5
All of a sudden, the CEO spotted Jim at the back of the room with his empty pot. He ordered the financial director to bring him to the front. Jim was terrified. He thought, “The CEO knows I’m a failure! Maybe he will have me fired!” When Jim got to the front, the CEO asked him what had happened to his seed. Jim told him the story. The CEO asked everyone to sit down except Jim. He looked at Jim, and then announced to the young executives, “Here is your next chief executive! His name is Jim!” Jim couldn’t believe it. Jim couldn’t even grow his seed. “How could he be the new CEO?” the others said. Then the CEO said, “One year ago today, I gave everyone in this room a seed.” I told you to take the seed, plant it, water it, and bring it back to me today. But I gave you all boiled seeds; they were dead - it was not possible for them to grow. All of you, except Jim, have brought me trees and plants and flowers. “When you found that the seed would not grow, you substituted another seed for the one I gave you. Jim was the only one with the courage and honesty to bring me a pot with my seed in it. Therefore, he is the one who will be the new Chief Executive!” The other directors were embarrassed and bowed their heads. Pathfinder English Reader 5 75
Activity - 4 VOCABULARY TEST LEARN AND ADD synonyms. associate frightened replaced heir head manure review uneasy Word Meaning Synonym a. Successor Someone who follows and takes the job or place inheritor b. Executive someone in a high position, especially in business, who makes decisions and puts them into action chief c. Compost a mixture of various decaying organic substances, as dead leaves or manure, used for fertilizing soil fertilizer d. Inspection the act oflooking atsomething carefully assessment e. Embarrassing to cause someone to feel anxious, ashamed, or uncomfortable humiliating f. Colleague one of a group of people who work together coworker g. Terrified cause to feel extreme fear scared h. Substituted to perform the same job as another thing or to take its place exchanged 76 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. Fill in the gaps with the correct word from the story. a. The business man was growing _____. So he wanted to step down. b. He wanted to choose the next ________ out of his executives. c. He gave them a ________ to each and told them to plant it. d. Everyone ________ the seed with new one except Jim. e. Jim was extremely ________ as he could not grow anything from the seed. 2. Answer the following questions: a. What did the business man want to do? b. What did he give and ask them? c. What did other executives do? d. Why was Jim hopeless? e. Why did the business man choose Jim his CEO? Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK You might have heard or read about the importance of honesty. Now write a story about the importance of honesty. Share your story with your friends on social media. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read some stories about honesty on the Internet. Rewrite one of them and tell it to your friends. Share your story with your friends on social media. Pathfinder English Reader 5 77
READING ITEM II Application (in block format) The Principal Pathfinder English School New Road, Kathmandu Date: 2 May 2022 Subject: An apology for breaking school’s rules Dear Sir, I would like to apologize sincerely for breaking one of the rules of the school. I understand my behaviour in the school on 1st May was not appropriate. Thoughtlessly, I created a disturbance in the class, which is against school rules. I understand how bad it looks on me. I deeply regret my actions. I promise you that I will endeavor to follow all the rules and regulations of the school to the letter and spirit as well. I would like to request you to forgive my fault this one time and give me a chance to prove my worthiness. Yours sincerely, ............................ Robin Bista Class 5 Section B Roll No. 7 78 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 1 VOCABULARY TEST LEARN AND ADD SYNONYMS. emotion pardon value attempt confession proper remorse Word Meaning Synonym apology an act of saying that you are sorry for something wrong you have done appropriate suitable for a particular purpose, person, occasion, place regret a feeling of sadness about something sad or wrong or about a mistake that you have made spirit a particular way of thinking, feeling, or behaving, forgive to stop blaming or being angry with someone for something that person has done worthiness the quality of being good enough endeavor an effort to do something: Activity 2 COMPREHENSION CHECK 1. Read the application again and complete. a. The above letter is written to ask for an _________ . b. It was written on _________ c. The letter was written to the _________ of Pathfinder School. d. The school is located at _________ , Kathmandu. e. Robin misbehaved on 1 May in the classroom which was _________ school rule. f. Robin promises the principal that he would _________ to follow all the rules. Pathfinder English Reader 5 79
2. Answer the following questions: a. When was the letter written? b. Why was the letter written? c. What does Robin promise his principal? d. How does he feel about his action in the classroom? Activity 3 CREATIVE TASK Write an application to the class teacher asking for an apology for your misconduct in the classroom. STEP GRAMMAR 5 Grammar Items Making negative Making yes/no question Making wh. question Activity 1 DISCUSS Discuss how to change a statement into negative, yes/ no question. After discussion, do the activities given below. Statement Negative Question /yes/no She is a teacher. She is not a teacher. Is she a teacher? He can speak English. He can’t speak English. Can he speak English? She teaches us. She does not teach us. Does she teach us? He helped her. He did not help her. Did he help her? Activity 2 LEARN NEGATIVE AND YES\NO QUESTION Change the sentences into statement, negative, and yes\no question. Statement Negative Yes/no question He is a carpenter. She is not a nurse. Are you a footballer? 80 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Statement Negative Yes/no question They fought badly. He did not call us. Did they arrive yesterday? You saw her. I will not do it. People plant trees. She did not know it. She can teach you. Activity 3 WH. QUESTIONS 1. Discuss these questions: a. What are Wh. questions? b. How are Wh. questions constructed? Examples: Statements Wh. questions. She reads a novel.(What question shows an object.) What does she read? They went to school. (Where question shows a place.) Where did they go? She was crying. (Why question shows a reason.) Why was she crying? 2. Change the following statements into Wh. questions. Statements Wh. questions They are our teachers.(who question) Who are they? She wrote an essay.(what) She ran hurriedly.(how question) He went to hospital.(where) This is her pen.(whose) They will come tomorrow.(when) She took red pen.(which) He died of cancer.(Why) Pathfinder English Reader 5 81
STEP WRITING : Informal Apology Letter 6 5 May 2023 Dear Sudan, Happy Birthday my friend. Hope that you are well. How was your birthday party? Accept my hearty greetings. I am extremely sorry for my absence from your birthday party. I know that you are angry with me. But believe me, my friend;I was eagerly waiting for your birthday forthe last 2 months. I had a surprise for you. I was on my way. Suddenly, my sister called me and it was an emergency. My aunt met with an accident and she was in the hospital. Immediately, I went to the hospital. Her condition was very critical. She lost a lot of blood. She needed blood but there was no AB+ donor. After sometimes, we found a donor. After 5 hours of operation, the doctors told me that she was out of danger. Suddenly, I remembered that I missed your birthday party. Please, understand my situation, my friend. Don’t angry at me for a long time. Accept my gift along with my letter. Wish you a great and successful life. With best regards! Your best friend, Himal Exercise a. Write a letter to your friend asking for an apology as you could not attend his/her birthday party. b. Write a letter to your principal asking for an apology as you bunked the class. c. Write a letter to your parents asking for an apology as you went out whole night with friends without informing them. 82 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP PUNCTUATION 7 Rewrite the following sentences using upper case, comma, full stop and hyphen where necessary. a. sorry i could not see you b. atul’s father was sick c. he is our ex-minister d. yes you can do it easily e. no i can’t do it easily f. there are pens pencils erasers and books in my bag g. mum give me seventy five rupees for my lunch h. she was a one eyed girl i. who is your vice principal? STEP 8 PRONUNCIATION Diphthongs (double vowel sounds) 1. Look, listen and say after your teacher. Sounds Examples Sounds Examples /aɪ/ price, try, height /oʊ/ goat, slow, toe /eɪ/ face, say , stain /ɪə/ near, clear, tear /ɔɪ/ choice, noise, boy ea pair, lair, chair /aʊ/ mouth, noun, cow /ʊa/ poor, during, cure 2. Learn and write the sound symbols. Sounds Examples Sounds Examples /aɪ/ /oʊ/ /eɪ/ /ɪə/ /ɔɪ/ ea /aʊ/ /ʊa/ Pathfinder English Reader 5 83
word use STEP 9 HOT BASED SPELLING RULE Look and learn. Activity 1 3. Look at the words beginning with Q. quick queen quiet quit quote quake quilt quotation quality qualify quarter question query queue quite quarrel HOT based question: What common spelling rule of the letter Q can you infer from the above examples? Answer: …………………………………………………………………… ……………………………........................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... ............... Activity 2 HOT Question 4. What common spelling rule can you create (deduce) from the given coloured letters in the words? seize receive deceive neither either foreign weird leisure eight foreign counterfeit forfeit height seize neighbour Answer: …………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………..... ..................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... ........................... 84 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP LISTENING TEST 10 Instruction: Listen to the teacher or the audio disc and do the activities that follow. 1. Listen and complete. a. Jim went to the shop. b. He wasn’t looking for anything in . c. A big on the front door said OPEN. d. The lady at the told him ‘hello’. e. Everyone who worked at the thrift shop was a . 2. Write true or false. a. The shop opened at 10 a.m. and closed at 4 p.m. b. The shop was closed on Sunday and Monday. c. Volunteers could buy items before the customers did. d. Volunteers received new items at free of cost. e. At a thrift shop, ‘It’s always old and it’s always new.’ STEP 11 PROJECT WORK Highlight the letter writing formats with examples. a. a mirror b. reflection c. darkness d. the letter M e. a hole f. an egg g. a sponge STEP 1 : ANSWER Pathfinder English Reader 5 85
UNIT 5 CONGRATULATING AND THANKING Objectives of the unit After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò congratulate others and respond to congratulations Ò give thanks and respond to thanks Ò recite the poem ‘Thank You, Parents’ and explain it Ò write different congratulations messages Ò write congratulation letters and thank you notes Ò use different adverbs properly Ò prepare post cards Ò use exclamation marks correctly STEP 1 FUN COMMUNICATION Riddle-Giggle Here you go. Where is your essay about your dog? This is exactly like your brother’s essay! Sir, it’s because we have the same dog. 86 Pathfinder English Reader 5
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Function Expressing congratulations and thanks, and respond to them Talking Item - 1 A : Did you hear the good news? B : No, I haven’t. A : I got a full scholarship for this year. B : Did you really? A : Seriously! I’m so excited. B : Well, congratulations. A : Thank you. B : I’m so happy for you. A : Really? B : Yes, you really deserved this. A : You think so? B : Yes. Good for you. Talking Item - 2 A : Have you heard my good news? B : You haven’t told me anything yet. A : I got a promotion at work earlier this week. B : Is that right? A : It’s the truth. I am really happy. B : Congratulations on your promotion. A : Thank you very much. B : I am really excited for you. A : Are you really? B : I’m serious. You deserved this promotion. A : Is that what you really think? B : Yes, I do. Pathfinder English Reader 5 87
STEP 3 LET’S RECITE Read the given poem at home. Note down its unfamiliar words and write their contextual meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages and learn them. Activity1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity 2 PRE-READING DISCUSSION a. Ask and answer about the activities given in the pre-reading project. b. Why are you thankful to your parents? Activity 3 INTENSIVE READING Read and discuss. a. Why is the poet thankful to his parents? b. What kind of parents does he have? Thank You, Parents You have been there from the very start, Took care of me, gave me your heart. Thank you so much, for believing in me, You gave me everything, the sky and the sea. I have been blessed with parents so kind, When I made mistakes, you didn’t mind. What I’m trying to really express, Without you, I would have been less. Thank you for teaching me how to live, How to love others, and to forgive. Thank you so much for being my light, Because of you, my future is bright. 88 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST From the poem, find the words that mean: education sunny excuse errors all ocean Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK Why does the speaker of the poem thank his parents? Write it as shown: (Use pronouns according to your gender) The starting is given: The speaker thanks his parents for their love, kindness and care. They were with him from the very beginning of his birth. They took care of him and they gave him their heart… Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Write a poem expressing your thanks to your parents for their love and care. Share your poems with your friends on social media. Activity 7 PROJECT WORK Read some poems written about parents and note down one of them that you like most. Read out it to your class. Write its summary, too. STEP 4 READING READING ITEM I MESSAGE Read the given texts at home. Note down their unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages. Activity - 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Pathfinder English Reader 5 89
Message of Congratulations A Marriage Blessing The two of you are a blessing not only to each other but to all those around you. Your love ripples out into the world and inspires your friends, family, and community. We are so happy for you and look forward to watching you grow in love as a couple. For sibling To my sibling who has always meant the world to me – I’m so happy you found such a beautiful love. May your wedding day be everything you’ve dreamed of and more! A Marriage Blessing May your marriage always bring glory to God, joy to one another and blessings to your family for many generations to come! May love and laughter fill your hearts and your home for all at the days of your lives! May you face every challenge hand-in-hand and sideby-side knowing that with God's grace, you'll conquer all obstacles together! May the world be forever a better place because the two of you fell in love! Marriage wishes for friend So happy to support you on one of the best days of your life. Wishing you both all the love and happiness in the world. Co-worker Wishing you the very best on your wedding day, your honeymoon, and all the happy years to come. Congratulations. Co-worker So happy to share this start of your wonderful journey with you both as your build your new lives together. May your beautiful marriage be full of everlasting joy! 90 Pathfinder English Reader 5
Activity 2 VOCABULARY TEST Match the words with their meanings. Column A Column B Words Meanings ripples all of the people born and living at about the same time, age group everlasting overcome, defeat obstacles each of two or more children or offspring conquer problems, difficulties generations eternal, endless siblings waves, flows READING ITEM II LETTER Read the given texts at home. Note down their unfamiliar words and write their meanings using a dictionary or the Internet. Listen to their pronunciations. Write their similar and opposite meanings along with their usages. Activity 1 PRE-READING PROJECT Activity - 2 DISCUSS BEFORE READING 1. Ask and answer about the activities given in the pre-reading project. 2. How do you congratulate people on their success? Activity - 3 INTENSIVE READING CONGRATULATION LETTER 5 January, 2023 Dear Lucky, It gives me immense pleasure to know that you won the first prize in the essay writing competition organized at the university college. I extend my Pathfinder English Reader 5 91
heartiest congratulations to you. I read all the details of the competition in the newspaper yesterday and I must say, yours is a splendid achievement. Winning a first prize among the hundred odd entries is no child’s play. I am proud of you, Lucky. I am proud to have such a friend. Lucky, I have seen your growth as a writer. You love writing, I know, and I have seen the efforts you have taken to groom yourself as a writer. You read a lot. You try to remember a lot and I think these are some of your qualities which help you win competitions. I am sure; you will bloom as a prolific writer in the coming future. I wish you all luck for your future achievements. Congratulations once again! Your loving friend, Raj Activity 4 VOCABULARY TEST From the above letter, find the words of the following meanings: profound grand contest success prize creative Activity 5 COMPREHENSION CHECK Answer the following questions: a. Who gets pleasure and why? b. Who is congratulated? c. What did Lucky get? d. What does Raj expect from Lucky? Activity 6 CREATIVE TASK Suppose your friend got first prize in an essay writing competition. Now write a letter to your friend congratulating him/her. 92 Pathfinder English Reader 5