grammar 7 final -2077 press print

8. Put _____ piano there, against _____ wall.
9. _____ judge has _____ final say on _____ sentence.
10. She died on _____ Tuesday.
11. _____children usually rush about.
12. Kathmandu is _____capital of Nepal.
13. _____lunch we just had was very good.
14. January is _____first month of _____year.
15. He died of _____cancer.
16. _____good beginning makes _____good ending.
17. I have just become _____uncle.
18. He is _____unctuous program host.
19. _____court made _____unfair verdict.
20. Please wait for _____hour.

4 ASSESS YOURSELF

Put 'a' 'an' or 'the' in the blank space where necessary. 51
1. _____ advertisement told us very little about _____ product.
2. _____ case resulted in _____ acquittal.
3. _____ children started to act out _____ whole incident.
4. _____ children were rushing about in _____ garden.
5. They met at _____ agreed time.
6. We came within _____ ace of victory.
7. They wished her _____ happy birthday.
8. It was _____ remarkable achievement for such _____ young player.
9. Can you suggest me _____ good dictionary?

Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

10. Do you mind if I put _____ television on?
11. _____water of village well is very sweet.
12. I have got _____headache.
13. _____red and _____white cow are grazing.
14. _____gold is more valuable than silver.
15. _____European gave me _____Euro.
16. He is _____engineer.
17. I saw _____huge elephant yesterday.
18. He has recently stitched _____uniform.
19. My father bought _____ox yesterday.
20. We saw _____octopus on TV last night.

5 ASSESS YOURSELF

Put 'a' 'an' or 'the' in the blank space where necessary.
1. My brother was bitten by _____ant.
2. She broke _____egg.
3. We have _____Indian friend.
4. Birth and death are _____universal truth.
5. The workers are planning to form _____union.
6. Who is _____most important person in your life?
7. _____refrigerator keeps things cool.
8. Have you ever seen _____telescope?
9. Have you seen _____Taj Mahal?
10. _____Great Wall of China is _____greatest wall in _____world.
11. Please see _____igloo over there!
12. My sister likes to read _____Rising Nepal every day.

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Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

13. Which is _____best movie you have ever watched?
14. _____Pacific is _____largest Ocean.
15. _____Sun is shining bright.
16. _____cricket ball hit him on _____head.
17. Are you _____obedient student of this class?
18. She has drawn _____picture of _____owl.
19. Mr. Regmi is _____intelligent boy.
20. He has _____useless jeep.

6 ASSESS YOURSELF

Complete the following conversation putting 'a' 'an' or 'the' where
necessary.
Hira: Look outside! ____sky is getting very dark.
Mira: I hope there isn’t going to be ____storm.
Hira: I’m going out for ____ walk. Have you seen my shoes?
Mira: Yes, they’re on____ floor in ____ kitchen.
Hira: Would you like____ tomato? There’s one in____ fridge.
Mira: Oh, yes, please. I’ll make myself____ cheese and tomato sandwich.
Hira: If you’re going into ____ city centre, can you post these letters for me?
Mira: Yes, I’ll take them to ____main post office.
Hira: I’ve got____ problem with my phone bill. Can I see someone about it?
Mira: Yes, go to ____ fifth floor ____lift is along ____ corridor.
Hira: I didn’t know Mina had____ dog.
Mira: It isn’t hers. She’s just taking it for ____ walk while ____owner is away.
Hira: I’ve got ____ headache. I’ve had it all day.
Mira: Why don’t you go to ____health centre? It’s open until six.

Hira: Guess what. I found ____ Rs. 50 note on____ pavement this morning.

Mira: You really ought to take it to ____ police station, you know. 53
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7 ASSESS YOURSELF

Put 'a' 'an' or 'the' where necessary.

A man decided to rob ................... bank in .................. town where he lived. He
walked into bank and handed .................. note to one of ....................cashiers.
…………….. cashier read …………… note, which told her to give ...…………..
man some money. Afraid that he might have …………….. gun, she did as she
was told. ................... man then walked out of …………….. building, leaving
...................note behind. However, he had no time to spend ……………….money
because he was arrested................. same day. He had made ................ mistake.
He had written................... note on.................... back of ………………. envelope.
And on .................. other side of.............. envelope was his name and address.
This clue was quite enough for................. detectives on the case.

Vocabulary in Use

Match the following masculine with their feminine words.

nephew mistress

prince woman

son headmistress

uncle granddaughter

wizard grandmother

actor lady

brother mother

father niece

gentleman princess

grandfather daughter

grandson aunt

headmaster witch

man actress

master sister

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Guided Composition: Story Writing

According to Abrams, “A short story is a brief work of prose fiction, and most of
the terms for analyzing the component elements, the types and the various
narrative techniques of the novel are applicable to the short stories as well.”

Remember a good story has a beginning, a problem, a solution to the problem
and an ending. Follow these tips to write a story:

 Decide who the characters are.

 Who is going to be in the story?

 What sort of characters are they?

 Where and when your story is going to take place. This is called the setting.

 What is going to happen in your story?

 What is the main event?

 What type of story is it?

 A summary of what happens in the story.

 The events in the story which is known as the plot.

 How it all ends. How the problem is solved.

 What type of ending? Happy or Sad?

Read the following sample story.

THE FARMER AND HIS SONS

There was once an old farmer. He was dying
soon. He had worked hard in his vineyard all
his life. Before he died he wanted to teach
his three sons how to be good farmers. So he
called them to his beside and said, ‘My boys, I
have an important secret to tell you: there is a
great treasure buried in the vineyard. Promise
me that you will look for it when I am dead.’

The sons gave their promise and as soon as their father had died they began

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Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

looking for the treasure. They worked very hard in the hot sun and while they
were working they thought about what their father had said. They pictured boxes
of gold coins, diamond necklaces, and other such things. Soon they had dug
up every inch of the vineyard but they found not a single penny. They felt upset
because they felt that all their hard work had been for nothing.
However, a few months later the grapes started to appear on the vines. Their
grapes were the biggest and best in the neighbourhood and they sold them and
earned a lot of money. Now the sons understood what their father had meant by
the great treasure and they lived happily ever after.
Moral: Hard work brings good production.

8 ASSESS YOURSELF

Write a readable story based on the given outlines.

1. A poor village boy walking door to door for job-finds a wallet containing a
large amount of money an identity card of the owner in the wallet the
boy returns the wallet to the owner the owner very pleased praises
his honesty gives him a good job moral.

2. A woman's only one son is dead goes to Lord Buddha begs to bring
her son to life Lord Buddha asks to bring a handful of mustard seeds
from a house where nobody has died . She wanders house to house
many months gets no such house moral.

3. Once a boy lives with mother falls into a bad company mother
asks him to leave bad company does not obey thinks of a plan
gives good apples also rotten one set together in a basket all
apples found rotten somedays boy improves moral.

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T START CHAPTER 4

GE ED

PREPOSITIONS

Read the following biography.

Amelia Mary Earhart

Amelia Mary Earhart was born on July 24,
1897, in Atchison, Kansas. She completed
high school in Chicago in 1916. She worked
as a military nurse in Canada during World
War I and as a social worker in Boston,
Massachusetts, after the war. She learned
to fly in 1920 despite her family objection.
On June 17, 1928, Earhart became the first
woman to fly across the Atlantic, though she
was only a passenger.

Earhart was good at flying. She was determined to fly her own plane across
the Atlantic. She achieved her goal when she crossed the Atlantic alone on May
20–21, 1932. She was the first woman to do so. Her flight, from the island of
Newfoundland in Canada to Ireland, lasted a record 14 hours 56 minutes. She
wrote on The Fun of It that year.

In January 1935, Earhart made a solo flight from Hawaii to California. She was
the first pilot to succeed on this dangerous route. All other previous attempts had
ended in disaster before her triumph. It was a mammoth success within a short
period of time.

In June 1937 Earhart and her navigator, Fred Noonan, set out from Miami, Florida,
to fly around the world. On July 2 after completing more than two thirds of the
journey, their plane vanished in the central Pacific near the International Date
Line. Search teams from the United States Army and Navy and the Japanese
navy attempted to locate the crew, but without success.

Do You Know? In the above given biography, the coloured words are

prepositions. They are used before a noun or pronoun to show, time, place,
position or method

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Speaking Practice

Answer these questions based on the given biography.
a. When was Amelia Mary Earhart born?
b. Where was she born?
c. How many different prepositions are used?
d. What is the difference between ‘on July 24, 1897’ and ‘In June 1937’?
e. What is the difference between the use of ‘before’ and ‘after’?
f. Can you use ‘fly in the world’ instead of ‘fly around the world’?

Quick Tip

Words that combine with a noun or pronoun to form a phrase are termed
as prepositions. They show relationship.

Grammar Focus: Prepositions of Time

Preposition Usage Examples
ON Days:
on Sunday, on Monday, on Saturdays,
IN Dates: etc.
AT on 3rd December, 2017, on 26th of
Occasions: this month, etc.
Topic: on my birthday, on Mother’s Day, etc.
an essay on pollution, a paragraph on
Months: impunity, etc.
Seasons:
Year: in August, January, in May, etc.
Time period: in spring, in summer, in winter, etc.
Exact time: in 2006, in 2074, etc.
Festivals: in an hour, in 2 weeks, in a month, etc.
Age:
Price, speed, degree: at 2 o’clock, at 3 pm, etc.
at Dashain, at Tihar, at Chhath, etc.
at 20, at fifty, etc.
at 40 km per hour, at 100 degree
Celsius, etc.

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SINCE from a certain point of since my birthday, since Sunday, since
time (past till now) 1980, since January, since morning,
FOR
since childhood, etc.
AGO
BEFORE over a certain period for 2 years, for a day, month, year,
of time (past till now) decade, for a long time, for a few min-
TO
PAST utes, for an hour, for 10 days, etc.
UNTIL
a certain time in the 2 years ago, 1 month ago, etc
BY past

earlier than a certain before 2004, before school, before I
point of time came here, before his marriage, be-
fore 10 am, etc.

telling the time ten to six, five to ten, etc

telling the time ten past six, seven past ten, etc.

Indicating the begin- He is on holiday until Friday.
ning and end of a I waited until he arrived.
period of time

at the latest up to a I will be back by 6 o’clock.
certain time By 11 o'clock, I had read five pages

Instant Practice

Fill in the gaps with correct time prepositions.
1. He was born _____ Saturday.
2. They are calling me _____Labourer’s Day.
3. She always goes to her uncle _____spring.
4. There is a university _____Kathmandu.
5. The teacher asked us to write an essay _____pollution.
6. My brother will come home _____Dashain.
7. Water boils _____ 100 degree Celsius.
8. We have arranged to meet _____ noon.
9. The match starts _____ 2 o’clock.
10. I have been feeling unwell _____ my sixteenth birthday.

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11. We are going out _____ a day.

12. He worked here _____ five years.

13. His father passed away 2 years _____.

14. I was studying in government school _____I came here.

15. Our school runs from Sunday _____Friday.

16. The principal is on a holiday _____next week.

17. We waited _____the bus arrived.

18. I will be there _____tomorrow.

19. Complete this task _____the end of this period.

20. The clock shows five _____ten.

Grammar Focus: Prepositions of Place and Direction

Preposition Usage Example

IN room, building, street, in the kitchen, in London, in the book,
town, country, book, pa- in the car, in a taxi, in the picture, in
per, car, taxi, picture, the world,etc.
world

AT meaning next to, by an at the door, at the station
object at the table
for table at a concert, at the party
for events at the cinema, at school, at work, at
place where somebody cinema, at the theatre, etc.
does something-watch a

film, study, work, etc.

attached the picture on the wall

for a place with a river London lies on the Thames.

being on a surface, floor on the table, on the first floor

ON for a certain side (left, on the left, on the right

right) on the bus, on a plane

for public transport on TV, on the radio
for television, radio

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Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

BY, NEXT left or right of somebody She is standing by , next to , beside

TO, BESIDE or something the car.

UNDER on the ground, lower The bag is under the table.
than (or covered by) The cat is sitting under the car.
something else

BELOW lower than something The fish are below the surface.
else but above ground Skirts are worn below the knee.

covered by something put a jacket over your shirt

else over 16 years of age

OVER meaning more than walk over the bridge
ABOVE
ACROSS getting to the other side climb over the wall

overcoming an obstacle

higher than something a path above the lake
else, but not directly over flying above the clouds
it

getting to the other side walk across the bridge
getting to the other side swim across the lake

THROUGH something with limits drive through the tunnel
TO on top, bottom and the river flowing through the village
sides

movement to person or go to the cinema
building go to London , go to Kathmandu
movement to a place or go to bed
country

for bed

INTO enter a room , a building go into the kitchen , the house

TOWARDS movement in the direc- go 5 steps towards the house
ONTO tion of something (but not head towards the city
directly to it)

movement to the top of jump onto the table
something

FROM in the sense of where a flower from the garden
from

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Instant Practice

Fill in the gaps with correct place and direction prepositions.
1. Mother is cooking food _____ the kitchen.
2. What can you see _____ the picture?
3. We sang and danced _____ the party.
4. What is there _____the cinema today?
5. There is a picture _____the wall.
6. I have kept my computer _____the table.
7. There is a dog sleeping _____the car.
8. The fish are _____ the surface.
9. Skirts are worn ____ the knee.
10. The plane is flying _____ the clouds.
11. Please put a jacket ____your shirt!
12. Some boys are swimming _____ the river.
13. The thief ran _____ the highway.
14. This river flows____ the village.
15. We are heading _____ the accident site.
16. The cat jumped ____ the table.
17. The ball is rolling ____ the ground.
18. Are you going _____school now?
19. The instructor asked us to turn ___the right.
20. I love tea ___coffee.

Grammar Focus: Some Other Prepositions

Preposition Usage Example
FROM who gave it a present from my friend
OF who, what does it belong to and
show a page of the book, the pic-
BY ture of a palace, a house of
who made it the poor

a book by Motiram Bhatta

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ON Walking and riding on foot, on horseback
entering a public transport get on the bus, get on the
IN vehicle train, get on the ship
OFF get in the car
OUT OF entering a car , taxi get off the train
BY
leaving a public transport get out of the taxi
AT vehicle prices have risen by 10 per-
ABOUT cent
leaving a car , taxi by car, by bus
She learned Russian at 45.
rise or fall of something We were talking about you.
travelling (other than walking or
horse riding)

for age

for topics, meaning what about

Instant Practice

Fill in the gaps with correct prepositions given in brackets.
1. A little girl sat ______ the tree. (across, off, under)
2. The boy was hiding ______ the door. (about, behind, above)
3. They all ran ______ the farmer’s wife. (after, through, into)
4. There is an apple ______ the fruit basket. (over, in, before)
5. The man dived ______ the pool. (across, along, into)
6. Sammy jumped ______ the window. (at, through, across)
7. I keep my suitcase ______ the bed. (onto , under)
8. They found the missing ball ______ the couch. (behind , among)
9. We put the ladder ______ the wall. (down , against)
10. I spent the morning ______ the park. (in, on, at)
11. The red box is ______ to the green box. (beside, next to)
12. He tied a bandage ______ his injured arm.(around, across)
13. Sam’s best friend lives ______ the road.(through, along, across)
14. Jenny picked flowers ______ the garden. (in, from, by)
15. The road goes _____ the forest. (by, through, across)

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16. Yours shoes are ______ the bed. (below, under)
17. The clever fox hid ______ the bushes. (behind, past)
18. The picture hung______ the fire place. (over, above)
19. All the books were _____ the shelf. (in, on, above)
20. We won two games ______three. (among, out of)

Listening Practice

Repeat these sentences with prepositional phrases after your teacher.

The man admitted to, confessed to It all amounts to, comes to quite a lot

the crime. of money.

We apologize for the delay. Tina has applied for dozens of

jobs.

We arrived at, in Kathmandu ten That's no way to behave to, towards

minutes late your friends.

I don't believe in eating meat. Who does this bag belong to?

We should benefit from the tax I came across the article in a

changes. magazine.

The car collided with a van. I want to concentrate on my maths.

The flat consists of four rooms. We managed to cope with all of these

difficulties.

The car crashed into a wall. I'll have to deal with, see about the

arrangements.

We decided on a caravan holiday. The price depends on when you

travel.

Can you dispose of the rubbish? We have to do without, go without

luxuries.

You didn't fall for that trick, did you? I don't feel like doing any work.

Brown doesn't go with us. Has anything like that ever happened

to you?

We're hoping for a progress in the She insisted on playing her tape.

weather.

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Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

They always interfere with my Someone was knocking at, on the

affairs. door.

I was listening to the weather You just can't live on £100 a week.

forecast.

I objected to being kept waiting. An idea has just occurred to me.

He hates parting with his money. Seventy countries participated in the
The man pointed at, to a sign. Games
What does this number refer to?
I ran into, bumped into Alex
yesterday.

Please refrain from smoking

He is researching into tropical You can't rely on, count on the bus

diseases. being on time.

If all else fails, people will resort to I'm revising for, preparing for my

violence. exam.

I'll have to see to, attend to the We had to send for the doctor.

arrangements.

What does BBC stand for? Let's stick to our original plan.

Simon succeeded in starting the Tim suffers from back-ache.
car.

The girl takes after her mother. You'll have to wait for the results.

1 ASSESS YOURSELF

Fill in the blank spaces with preposition of position and movement. 65
1. The bank is ____ the post office and the library.
2. The aeroplane’s flying ____ the town.
3. The post office is ____ the travel agency.
4. The ladder is standing ____ the wall.
5. My flat’s ____ the bank.
6. My flat is ____the park.

Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

7. He’s walking ____the post office, ____ the bank.
8. The park is ____ the library.
9. The library’s ____the bank.
10. He’s standing ____the library.
11. He’s walking ____ the steps.
12. He’s walking ____the market.
13. She’s walking ____ the road.
14. They’re sitting ____the bridge.
15. She’s walking ____ the stairs.
16. She’s walking ____ the market.
17. The bus stop is ____ the bank.
18. He’s walking ____ the road.
19. He walked ____ the gate.
20. The bank is ____the post office.

2 ASSESS YOURSELF

Fill in the gaps with correct prepositions.
1. She was standing ____ the front door.
2. I put the matches____ the table.
3. She got ____the car and ran ____the station.
4. The baby’s going to fall ____the table.
5. The bread’s ___the cupboard.
6. I walked ____the church and waited ____the bus stop.
7. He was lying____ the floor.

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8. She dived_____ the Sea. 67
9. They climbed ____the roof and looked down at us.
10. We walked ____the end of the road.
11. Peter’s____ the kitchen.
12. The money’s____ the table.
13. He was waiting ____the station.
14. The milk’s ____the fridge.
15. They sat ____ the wall.
16. They made the film ____ Sherpa Studios.
17. I saw them ____the station.
18. Mary’s not here now. She’s ____the office.
19. They were sitting ____the floor.
20. The money’s ____my pocket.

3 ASSESS YOURSELF

Fill in the gaps with correct prepositions.
1. They are all ____the garden.
2. The papers are ____my desk.
3. They are all ____the car.
4. He’s not ____work today. He’s ____home.
5. The dog was ____the car.
6. My keys are ___my bag.
7. The cat sat ___the table.
8. There was a picture ____the wall.
9. He was standing _____the gate.
10. We were waiting _____ the station.

Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

11. The dog jumped ____ the car.
12. Take the dog ___ the car.
13. The monkey’s ____ the table.
14. The monkey fell ___ the table.
15. She ran ___the gate.
16. She stood ____the gate.
17. She walked ____ the gate.
18. They were standing ____the bridge.
19. He ran ____ the road.
20. My house is ____ the school.

4 ASSESS YOURSELF

Write at, in or on to complete these sentences.
1. I’ll see you ____Monday.
2. I met him ____ the holidays.
3. I’ll pick you up ____eight o’clock.
4. I’m going home ___four.
5. They came to visit us ____my birthday.
6. I can work ____the morning but I don’t like working _____night.
7. Did you have a good time ____Christmas?
8. School finishes ____three o’clock ___Thursdays.
9. We arranged to meet ___seven ___the morning.
10. We had a party ___the last day of the course.
11. I often go skiing ____winter.
12. What time do you get back ___Tuesday?
13. She’s going to visit her parents’ ___Easter.
14. He was born ___8th June 1968.

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15. He can come and see me ___lunchtime. 69
16. I always send my wife flowers ___our wedding anniversary.
17. The conference is ____July.
18. One of my friends called me _____ midnight.
19. I am writing an essay ______ discipline.
20. I saw an accident ____ the way to school today.

5 ASSESS YOURSELF

Fill in the gaps with correct prepositions given in brackets.
1. Did you pay by cheque or _________cash? (by, with, in)
2. Congratulations_______ your grand success. (for, on, at)
3. A wise man never relies __________ others. (in, on, to)
4. She is here ______ my house. (in, on, at, by)
5. Dip is excited_______ (for, about, with) going abroad.
6. Maya got_______ (in, by, into) the car and drove away.
7. He is looking forward __________ meeting you. (to, with, for)
8. Don’t laugh_______ (of, at, in) the poor.
9. I got married______ 17. (at, on, in)
10. Nina apologized_______ (to, on, for) me for being late.
11. Bir always quarrels_______ (with, by, for) his wife.
12. Harry died _______fever. (in, for, of, for)
13. Alan was born ___________1966 B. S (in, on, by)
14. Don’t worry, nothing happens_______ you. (on, in, at, to)
15. A pen is different _______ a pencil. (than, from, and)
16. Do you believe __________ ghosts? (on, in, at)

Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

17. Can you throw the pen_______ (on, at, to) me?
18. Are you tired ______dancing so much? (in, of, by)
19. Vivek was accused _______theft. (by, of, to, in)
20. Add some names of students_______ (in, on, to) the list.

6 ASSESS YOURSELF

Fill in the gaps with correct prepositions given in brackets.
1. Mohan was born_______ (on, at, in) January 1, 1985.
2. My father always goes to office _______ foot. (on, in, by)
3. Nepal lies________ China and India. (in, between, among, at)
4. Nepalese are famous _______bravery. (on, for, about)
5. She is _________red sari today.(on, in, at)
6. Trisha is conscious_______ (with, for, of) being punished.
7. Upasana is cutting mangoes _______ (by, in, with) her knife.
8. I will work _______Parbat _______spring. (on, by, in, to)
9. Show the Nile _________ the map. (in, or, the)
10. Teachers write _________ Red ink.(on, in, at)
11. We came____ Nepal last week. (on, in, from)
12. They suspected him_______ stealing money. (on, of, off)
13. He is surprised_______ (for, with, at) my presence.
14. She has specialized_______ conflict theory. (in, to, into)
15. Look at those people swimming ________ the pool. (on, in, at)
16. Many people in Nepal get suffered______ cholera every year. (from, by, on)
17. I prevented him_______ (for, to, from) speaking.
18. Jung saw a cobra_______ (by, on, in, nothing) his way to school.

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19. I sleep_______ (on, in, at) my bed.
20. I sometimes dream _______you. (about, of, on)

7 ASSESS YOURSELF

Fill in the gaps with correct prepositions given in brackets.

1. The thief tied the string ______my waist. (from, to, round, into)

2. Atul always travels_______ (on, by, in) air.

3. My friend was killed by a lunatic_____ a table knife. (with, from, by)

4. She writes_______ (with, by, for) a pencil.

5. I am not interested_______ Nepali films. (on, in, at)

6. Nayan is not responsible _______ (with, for, to) the accident.

7. I am not annoyed_______ (at, for, with) her behaviour.

8. We are pleased_______ (with, for, in) her performance.

9. I love swimming_______ (on, in, into) the sea.

10. We met him_______ (in, during, on, nothing) last Saturday.

11. You opened school ______ poor children. (to for, by)

12. I threw the stone _______the sea. (round, above, into, away from)

13. He and I were shocked_______ what we saw. (at, by, with, of)

14. I’m fed up______ the same food. (by, with, of)

15. They are talking_______ history now. (for, to, into, about)

16. You are tired __________ working here. (on, of, in)

17. Ram has lived here _______five years. (to, for, by)

18. She deals __________ clothes. (in, with, for)

19. Alina drives her bike_______ (at, in, by) the speed of 80 km per hour.

20. My sister has been learning Japanese _______ 2008. (for , since, from)

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Vocabulary in Use

Choose correct words for their meanings.

a lot/allot _____a large amount _____distribute, assign

leave/accept _____receive _____ go out

access/ excess _____a way to enter _____too much

adverse/ averse _____unfavourable _____opposed to

advise / advice _____noun _____verb

effect/ affect _____ influence, verb _____result, noun

allowed/ aloud _____permitted _____clearly heard

bare/ bear _____nude, unadorned _____to carry; an animal

besides/ beside _____next to _____except for; in addition

break/ brake _____smash, split _____stopping device

breath/ breathe _____noun _____verb

bring/ take _____moving toward _____to carry off

buy/ by _____preposition _____purchase

capital/ capitol _____city, wealth _____building

chose/ choose _____past tense _____present tense

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Guided Composition: Story Writing

Arrange the sentences in correct order and write a readable story.

1. THE HARE AND THE TORTOISE

 It was agreed that the tortoise should
choose the course and also the end of the
race.

 The tortoise never stopped and
continued walking at a steady pace all
the time to the end of the race.

 The hare shot ahead and then decided to lie down at the side of the path for
a rest.

 It wasn’t long before the hare fell into a deep sleep.

 One day a hare looked at a tortoise and ridiculed the short feet of the
tortoise.

 He also made fun of the slow pace at which the tortoise travelled.

 When he woke up, he couldn’t believe eyes because there was the tortoise
crossing the finishing line.

 At the end of the race the tortoise, exhausted by all his hard work, was
quietly slumbering on the line.

 The moral of this fable is: Slow and steady wins the race.

 The tortoise agreed that the hare ran as fast as the wind but claimed that he
could easily beat him in the race.

2. THE ANT AND THE GRASSHOPPER

 Sensibly as all ants do, they had collected
the grain during the summer. Their plan
wasto eat this source during the winter.

 They were so engaged in their work that
they didn’t notice a grasshopper.

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 One winter day when the sun was shining you could hear the sound of
great activity.

 What you could hear were the ants who were busy drying grains.

 The grasshopper was so weak that he was practically starving because
he hadn’t eaten for ages.

 He saw the ants and begged them with all the strength he could find to let
him have a little food.

 The ants shook their heads at him and asked him why he hadn’t stored
up food in the summer.

 The poor grasshopper confessed that he had spent the whole summer
enjoying himself singing and dancing.

 The moral of this fable is: Laziness is the source of suffering.

 All the ants laughed and said in that case he would have to dance
starving to bed in the winter.

8 ASSESS YOURSELF

Write a readable story based on the given outlines.

1. A man a brave and faithful mongoose master and mistress go out

small child alone in the house a big snake comes up is killed

the mongoose's mouth covered with blood kill it find the child

safe and sound moral.

2. A miller he and his son going to a fair their donkey for sale

a girl makes a remark an old man makes a comment another

man says they do, as he says the donkey falls down the bridge

moral.

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T START CHAPTER 5

GE ED

ADJECTIVES

Read the following description.

Bears are solitary creatures that avoid each other
except in seasonable mating. Female bears give
birth to one to four cubs at a time, usually in winter.
Newborn cubs are small, hairless, and helpless
creatures unable to open their eyes for about a
week. A newborn grizzly bear weighs as little as
0.45 kilograms. As the female bear raises the cubs,
the male bear plays no role in raising it. Most bears
live from 15 to 30 years in the wild. Captive bears live longer than other.

During the winter all bears in the wild become inactive for a period of two to
six months. In the autumn season the bears eat a great deal and seek out
comfortable dens where they can sleep for a long time. This process is similar
to hibernation, in which animals sleep through the winter. However, bears are
not true hibernators. Their heartbeat rate, body temperature, breathing rate, and
blood pressure do not drop significantly lower than normal. And on mild days in
midwinter, a bear may come out of its den.

Do You Know? In the above given description, the coloured words are

adjectives. They describe a person or thing. They qualify nouns or pronouns.

Speaking Practice

Answer these questions based on the given description. 75
a. What types of creatures are bears?
b. How are cubs?
c. What other adjectives are used to describe bears?

Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

d. What are other words related to ‘day’?

e. Why are the adjectives used before noun words?

Quick Tip

An adjective is a word that modifies, or qualifies, a noun or pronoun,
in one of three forms of comparative degree: positive strong, beautiful,
comparative stronger, more beautiful, or superlative strongest, most
beautiful.

Read the description again and complete the following blank spaces with
nouns which come after the following adjectives.

solitary ___________ seasonable ___________

female ___________ newborn ___________

newborn ___________ female ___________

male ___________ all ___________

captive ___________ comfortable ___________

long ___________ true ___________

mild ___________ small ___________

one to four ___________ their ___________

Quick Tip

Adjectives always come before the nouns in a sentence. They describe
about the nouns.

Observe the following information to understand different functions of
adjectives.

solitary creatures – It tells about the personality of the bear.
all bears - It tells about the number of the bear.
small creatures - It tells about the size of the bear.
male bear - It tells about sex of the bear.

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mild days -It tells about the weather of the day.

newborn cubs - It tells about the age of the bear.

one to four cubs - It tells about the number of the bear.

their eyes - It expresses about their possession.

Grammar Focus: Different Categories of Adjectives

Age: baby, teenage, young, old, adolescent, elderly, ancient, modern

Appearance: beautiful, adorable, clean, handsome, fancy, old-fashioned,
magnificent, ugly, charming

Colour: red, white, green, purple, orange, yellow, blue, brown, silver, gold, grey,
pink

Condition: helpful, important, unhelpful, rich, gifted, alive, uninterested
Feeling: lazy, jealous, sad, angry, nervous, worried, kind, thankful, brave, proud
Material: wooden, silk, plastic
Number: few, many, one, two, thirty, forty
Odor: flowery, fresh, musty, salty, stinky
Possessive: my, your, his, their, our, her
Quantity: empty, few, full, heavy, many, numerous,
Shape: wide, narrow, deep, round, flat, shallow, hollow, broad, chubby, square
Size: big, large, small, huge, short, tiny, little, miniature, tall, fat, skinny, gigantic,
immense, massive

Sound: noisy, loud, whisper, melodic, faint, thunder, voiceless, quiet, hissing
Speed: brisk, gradual, sluggish, fast, quick, rapid, steady, nimble, deft, agile, low-
speed, high-speed

Texture: smooth, rough, bumpy, slimy, furry
Time: old, young, short, quick, fast, long, late, early, modern, ancient, swift
Touch: cool, crooked, cuddly, curly, damaged, clean, damp, different, blunt,
boiling, breakable

Weather: cloudy, windy, rainy, sunny, mild

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Instant Practice

Underline the adjectives in the following sentences.
1. Can you be there at 5 o’clock sharp?
2. The small, misbehaved boy was pushing his mother.
3. Many bugs like to come out at night.
4. Thirteen girls are coming to my sweet sixteenth party.
5. The slimy, smelly, no-good alien stole my new CD player.
6. In the Spanish language adjectives are placed after nouns.
7. He is happy, healthy and considerate.
8. She is a beautiful and smart girl.
9. The room looks like a crystal palace.
10. The brown pants are thrown over the folding chair.
11. Creaky doors don’t scare monsters.
12. He and I love to eat Chinese food.
13. Most children enjoy fast-paced, adventurous rides at the amusement park.
14. That meal was tasty, healthy and amazing.
15. Milk is white but water is tasteless and colourless.
16. It was warm in the morning but the sky is overcast and it is cold now.
17. One of my best friends wears his smart party suits.
18. One old beggar seemed happy because someone gave him plenty of food.
19. I have an oval, small face but my son has got a round, big face.
20. Tall trees provide us with shelter in hot days.

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Instant Practice

Underline the adjectives in the given text.

My friend Sabin is a handsome tall boy. He always wears
a white long T-shirt and a big red cap. He carries a blue
huge canvas bag to school. His favourite food is red crunchy
apples and he always has one in his bag. Our teacher
is an English kind tall man called Mr. Bhusal. He wears a
blue smart suit and glasses with black plastic thick frames.

Instant Practice

Write adjectives related to describe the following nouns.

Hair Face Nose Eyes Body Classroom
bald round bleary healthy coloured
spiky craggy
long naked
curly
thin pointed
blonde
disheveled
auburn

Grammar Focus: Degrees of Adjectives

Adjectives can express degrees of modification.
Granma is a rich woman, but Joni is richer than Granma, and Sumitra is the
richest woman in town.

Quick Tip

The degrees of comparison are known as the positive, the comparative,
and the superlative.

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Positive Degree: We use positive degree if there is no comparison in quality.
This is a small house.

She is a smart girl.

My sister is a beautiful person.

Comparative Degree: We use the comparative degree for comparing two
things. The word 'than' frequently accompanies the comparative. The inflected
suffixes-'er', -'ier' and 'more' are used in comparison.

This house is smaller than my house.

She is smarter than her sister.

My sister is more beautiful than his sister.

Superlative Degree: We use the superlative degree for comparing three or
more things. The word 'the' precedes the superlative. The inflected
suffixes-'est', -'iest' and most are used in comparison.

This is the smallest house in this locality.

She is the smartest sister of mine.

My sister is the most beautiful person.

Instant Practice

Write P for positive, C for comparative and S for superlative degree of
adjectives used in the following sentences.

1. This is the filthiest kitchen I have ever seen.

2. Canada is bigger than India.

3. It was the most expensive dress I have ever worn.

4. I am an intelligent boy.

5. James is less qualified than his brother.

6. This is an expensive school.

7. Mary is the best student in the class.

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8. His achievement is more remarkable than yours.

9. I am not as successful as my brother.

10. It was the most expensive gift I have ever received.

11. This weight is heavy to lift.

12. He is not as successful as his brother.

13. Gokul is a fat boy.

14. He is twice as lively as his brother.

15. India is a hot country.

16. Rina is the prettiest of the four girls.

17. This is the best film I have ever watched.

18. He was older than I thought.

19. Hercules was stronger than any other man.

20. This is the dirtiest carpet I have ever seen.

G Frammar ocus: Formation of Comparative and Superlative

 Adjective + -er / -est: Adjective of one syllable adds-'er' in the comparative
form and -'est' in superlative form.

tall taller tallest

long longer longest

short shorter shortest

sweet sweeter sweetest

 Adjective + -r/-st: One syllable adjectives ending in -'e' add -'r' in the
comparative form and -'st' in the superlative form.

fine finer finest

brave braver bravest

wise wiser wisest

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 Double Consonant + -'er'\-'est'

big bigger biggest

fat fatter fattest

hot hotter hottest

sad sadder saddest

 i + -er/-est: If a one- syllable adjective ends in consonant + -'y',-' y' is
changed into -i when -'er/' -'est' is added.

easy easier easiest

dry drier driest

holy holier holiest

funny funnier funniest

Quick Tip

But vowel + y is not changed into i: gay gayer gayest

 Irregular forms worse worst
bad better best
good less least
little more most
much further farthest
far

 Adjectives of more than two syllables form their comparative/
superlative by adding 'more' to the comparative form and 'most' in the
superlative.

beautiful more beautiful most beautiful

intelligent more intelligent most intelligent

important more important most important

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Listening Practice

Repeat these idiomatic comparisons after your teacher.

as black as coal/ pitch as brave as a lion as bright as silver

as busy as a bee as clear as crystal/day as cunning as a fox

as cold as ice as dry as dust/ bone as easy as ABC

as firm as a rock as fresh as a daisy as gentle as a lamb

as green as grass as black as coal/pitch as happy as a lark

as brave as a lion as hot as fire as bright as silver

as light as a feather as busy as a bee as proud as a peacock

as clear as crystal/day as quiet as a mouse as cunning as a fox

as red as blood as cold as ice as sharp as a needle/razor

as dry as dust/bone as smooth as velvet as stupid as an ass

1 ASSESS YOURSELF

Underline adjectives in the following sentences.
1. Mr. Sharma is an old teacher.
2. They are the brave soldiers.
3. I have very busy schedule.
4. He is a careless person.
5. We are curious to know about you.
6. Why is he so excited today?
7. You are very fortunate person to survive in accident.
8. Give me some food. I am very hungry.

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9. She is kind to all.
10. Are you feeling nervous?
11. What’s wrong with you?
12. Mr. Adhikari is a wise person.
13. He is so violent that he is always furious.
14. There is a sudden increase in petroleum prices.
15. What a selfish person you are!
16. It is very safe place to hide for the criminals.
17. He was not polite enough with people.
18. I am quite tired today.
19. Death is natural for all.
20. What a loud noise it is!

2 ASSESS YOURSELF

Choose the correct form of adjectives to complete the following sentences.
1. Chennai is ______than Mumbai. (hot, hotter, hottest)
2. China has ______ population than in India. (much, more, most)
3. Few Indian towns are_____ than Bombay. (big, bigger, biggest)
4. Greenland is the ______ Island in the world. (large, larger, largest)
5. He earns as ____money as you. (much, more, most)
6. He is _____intelligent than any other boy in the class. (much, more, most)
7. I am not very hungry so I will give you the ____ steak. (big, bigger, biggest)
8. I can walk three times ___ than you. (far, further, farthest)
9. The car is running ____ smoothly since it had a service. (much, more, most)

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10. I would be____ good-looking if I had more chin. (much, more, most)
11. It is ____expensive than I thought. (much, more, most)
12. It was ____ than I was expecting. (cheap, cheaper, cheapest)
13. It was ten times _____difficult than I expected. (much, more, most)
14. No other poet in English is as ____as Milton. (great, greater, greatest)
15. Rahul is one of the ____ boys in the class. (clever, cleverer, cleverest)
16. She solved the puzzle ____ quickly than everybody else. (much, more,
most)
17. Sima is the ____ of the two sisters. (pretty, prettier, prettiest)
18. That was the ___ thing to do. (funny, funnier, funniest)
19. You are ____ like your mother than your father. (much, more, most)
20. You are the ___ interesting person I have met. (much, more, most)

3 ASSESS YOURSELF

Choose the correct form of adjectives to complete the following sentences.

1. The coat was ____expensive than I thought. (much, more, most)

2. I live in the ______part of the village. (remote, remoter, remotest)

3. John is the____ boy in the class. (tall, taller, tallest)

4. Today is the_____ day of the year. (cold, colder, coldest)

5. New York is____ interesting city in the United States. (much, more, most)

6. New York is also the______ city in the United States. (large, larger, largest )

7. This apple is the _____of all. (sweet, sweeter, sweetest)

8. This is the ____beautiful park in the city. (much, more, most)

9. John is the _______ intelligent boy in the class. (much, more, most)

10. He is also the____ student in the class. (good, better, best)

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11. Henry is a____ dancer in the school. (bad, worse, worst)

12. Which is the ____city in this country? (large, larger, largest)

13. This is the ____room in the whole building. (light, lighter, lightest)
14. Which student in your class knows______ English words? (much, more,
most)
15. Which man in the group has______ money? (much, more, most)
16. That city has_____ parks in the region. (few, little)
17. John has____ experience in computers in the group. (little, few)
18. This computer is _____than other. (fast, faster, fastest)
19. My dress is much_____ than others. (cheap, cheaper, cheapest)
20. The party was_____ enjoyable than the one before. (much, more, most)

4 ASSESS YOURSELF

Complete these sentences by using the adjective which is the opposite of the
one in italics.

1. Hari is not taller than I. Hari is ____.

2. New York is not smaller than Chicago. New York is ____.

3. He is not younger than her sister. He is ____.

4. This street is not wider than that street. This street is ____.

5. This exercise is not more difficult than the last one. This exercise is ____.

6. This book is not thicker than my story book. This book is ____.

7. This book is not more expensive than another. This book is____.

8. The weather today is not better than yesterday. The weather today is ___.

9. The weather today is not colder than yesterday. The weather today is ___.

10. This rope is longer than that one. This rope is ____.

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Vocabulary in Use

Complete the following table.

Positive Comparative superlative
good
bad
little
much
many
late
old
far
fore
in
up
out

Match these phrases with their meanings given below.

ask someone out develop a skin condition

ask around wear something a few times so that it doesn’t look/
feel new

add up to something enter forcibly

back something up divide into smaller parts

back someone up add air

blow something up support

break something down reverse

break into something equal

break something in ask many people the same question

break out in something invite on a date

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Guided Composition: Story Writing

The paragraphs in the following story are not in correct order. Put the
paragraphs in correct order and complete the story.

The Three Big Fish

One day, the wise fish was leaping in the water. He heard
a fisherman telling another, “Let’s fish here tomorrow.”
On hearing this, the fish rushed to his friends and said,
“Let’s leave this lake. This canal here will take us to
another lake.” “I don’t think I will leave this place,” said
the clever fish. “If the fisherman comes I shall find some
way of saving myself.” The third one said, “Why should
I leave the place of my birth?

Once upon a time there lived three big fish in a lake. They were friends quite
unlike one another. One was wise. He thought carefully about everything he did.
Another one was clever. He used his brain and found an answer to any problem.
The third fish believed whatever was to happen would happen, and nobody could
stop it.

Moral: If you are not wise and clever, listen to other.

The wise fish left the lake through the canal. The fishermen came the next morning
and throw their net. The two friends who had not left the lake were caught along
with many other fish. The clever fish immediately pretended he was dead. The
fishermen threw him back in the water and he swam away. The third fish kept
jumping up and down in the net until a fisherman killed him.

Complete the following story in your own way.

An Optimistic Engine Driver

Once upon a time, there was a village in the rural
area of India. The village was very attractive with
the mesmerizing beauty of the Himalayas and green

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forests. There lived so many good and hard working people. That village was
developed than the other villages of India. Different people had diverse aspirations
and ways of living their lives.

Among them, there was an engine driver living in the eastern part of the same
village. He was very poor but kind hearted. The driver had a habit of looking at the
bright side of everything. When people in trouble came to him, he would comfort
them by saying that there was sure to be some good outcome.

However, _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________

Moral: An optimist sees something good even in disaster.

Write a readable story based on the given outlines.

1. Once ther was a king had a friend, monkey helped the king in his

works King sleeping monkey looking after him a housefly

came and sat disturbed the King monkey tried to chase but

couldn't sat on King's face monkey picked a sword hit the

King moral.

2. A hungry fox sees a crow crow has a piece of cheese fox

wishes to have the cheese begins to prasse the crow asks to sing

the crow pleased with fox it crows the cheese falls down

the fox eats and walks away moral.

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T START CHAPTER 6

GE ED

ADVERBS

Read the following description.

Once, a man called Aman
lived together with his
parents. He was yet to be
employed. He was a jobless
person. He never made
money. Consequently, he
decided to rob a bank in
Kathmandu. His parents
had repeatedly reminded
him about the importance
of good manner. But he
always believed in his
own plan.

One day, Aman went to the bank half an hour early and stood in line. He went
inside. He waited patiently. Soon it was his turn. He dramatically pulled out
a gun and threatened the cashier unexpectedly. The cashier politely told him
that he was rather in the wrong line and had to go to another counter for money.
Aman immediately went to the correct place and stood in line again.

The scene was already captured in CC TV footage. Suddenly the police rushed
in quickly and arrested him without further delay. Aman was very surprised. He
was caught easily before he robbed the bank. He had seldom thought that he
would be heroically caught there. He then learnt that even good manners do
not work if you intend to do unjustified work.

Do You Know? In the above given description, the coloured words are

adverbs. They are modifiers.

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Speaking Practice

Answer these questions based on the given description.
a. What are the coloured words?
b. How are the coloured words used in the description?
c. Do most adverb words end in –ly?
d. What is the difference between 'always' and 'consequently'?
e. What is the difference between 'inside' and 'there'?
f. Tell any five words ending in –ly?

Quick Tip

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another
adverb. Adverbs may indicate place or direction, time, degree, manner,
and belief or doubt. Like adjectives, they too may be comparative.

Observe the following sentences based on the given description.

He never made money. This sentence tells about how frequent an action is.

He went inside. This sentence tells about place where the boy was.

He waited patiently. This sentence tells about the manner of the boy.

The scene was already This sentence tells about time.

captured in CC TV footage.

Quick Tip

In the sentences, the coloured words answer questions like how often,
where, how and when. They are adverbs of different types.

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Grammar Focus: Types of Adverbs

Adverbs of Time

Adverbs of time answer the question ‘when’. Examples are: today, yesterday,
now, before, daily, already, yet, since, ago, never, still, etc.
One of his brothers died two years ago.
We have seen him before.
She wrote him yesterday.
You have already come.
They will have to start now.
What are you doing today?
I think it will rain soon.
My son is still sleeping.
I haven’t seen her yet.

Instant Practice

Fill in the gaps with correct adverbs of time.

last night now just this morning last week
as soon as
in the autumn at 6 o’clock next year next month tomorrow

in a few days’ time again yesterday today

last year this year

1. It’s snowing ______.

2. The mother bird started to build her nest ______.

3. She is continuing to build it ______.

4. Maya will finish it ______.

5. Alan’s shoes were too big for him ______.

6. His shoes fit him ______.

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7. They will be too small for him ______.
8. It rained ________.
9. No, do it _____.
10. Paul has ____ arrived.
11. The weather is fine ____.
12. We moved into our new house _____.
13. My big brother goes to college _____.
14. Our favourite TV program starts _______.
15. It rained heavily _______.
16. We’re going on a trip in _____.
17. We’ll leave ____ possible.
18. My shoes will be too small for me ____.

Adverbs of Frequency

Adverbs of frequency answer the question ‘how often’. Examples are: often,
always, once, never, again, seldom, frequently, occasionally, regularly,
rarely, everyday, etc.
I seldom go school on Sundays.
She has seen him only once.
I have called him again this morning.
You must always try to do your best.
She never tells a lie.
I occasionally visit my uncle.
Everyone must exercise regularly.
I go for a short walk everyday.
He rarely comes out of his house.

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Instant Practice

Pick out adverb of frequency from the following sentences and write in the
blank spaces.

1. Kamala practices the piano regularly. _________

2. Dad polishes his shoes twice a week. _________

3. You should go to the dentist once every six months. _________

4. He is always in time for meals. _________

5. They sometimes stay up all night. _________

6. You hardly ever have to remind him; he always remembers. _________

7. Can you park your car near the shops? - Yes, I usually can. _________

8. I never ‘can remember. She hardly ever ‘has met him. _________

9. Often he walked. He walked quite often. _________

10. He never saw her again. _________

Adverbs of Place

Adverbs of place answer the question ‘where’. Examples are: here, there, up,
down, everywhere, out, in, outside, inside, near, far, away, etc.

The boy sat down.

I looked up.

We searched for him everywhere.

Please come in.

There is a bank near my house.

It is very cold outside.

I have been there for two times.

I have bought something. Look at here.

How far is your school?
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Instant Practice

Pick out adverb of place from the following sentences and write in the blank
spaces.

1. Mom and dad are watching television upstairs. ________________

2. Hey students! Come here! ________________

3. It’s raining. Let’s go inside. ________________

4. Look at those cows there. ________________

5. The children are playing downstairs. ________________

6. I saw a snake nearby school. ________________

7. Roman, you can stay outside. ________________

8. The dog is in the garden. ________________

9. The hospital is very far. ________________

10. The thieves ran away. _______________

Adverbs of Manner

Adverbs of manner answer the question ‘how’ or ‘in what manner’. This class

includes nearly all those adverbs ending in -ly. Examples are: quickly, carefully,
sweetly, clearly, bravely, beautifully, well, fast etc.

Our soldiers fought bravely.

This article is well written.

I walked slowly.

The boy has been sleeping soundly.

She smiled sweetly.

He packed his belongings quickly.

I strongly suggest you to be polite.

You are absolutely right.

Suddenly he met his old friend.

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Instant Practice

Fill in the blanks to complete the following sentences using these adverbs of

manner.
carefully carelessly clearly closely correctly
doubtfully cruelly accidentally angrily badly
beautifully blindly bravely brightly calmly
eagerly easily equally eventually frankly

1. I met him _______.
2. He always speaks _______.
3. One of my friends was beaten _______today.
4. She decorated her room_______.
5. Don’t follow anyone _______.
6. The soldiers fought the war _______.
7. The streets were lit _______ during Christmas.
8. Do everything _______.
9. Listen to your teacher _______ before asking him question.
10. His brother drives vehicles_______.
11. All students are informed about the matter_______.
12. These two cases are _______ connected to each other.
13. Please write answers _______. I do not understand it.
14. Many innocent people are _______ tortured every year.
15. I accepted her proposal _______.
16. I am _______waiting for your response soon.
17. You can lift this load_______.
18. Work and rest are _______important.
19. _______they accepted my proposal.
20. He told us everything _______.

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Adverb of Degree or Quality

Adverbs of degree answer the question ‘how much’ or ‘in what degree’ or ‘to
what extent’. Examples are: very, too, fully, quite, rather, enough, any, partly,
almost, utterly, as, entirely, etc.
He was rather busy.
I have almost finished.
Is he any good?
That was very tragic.
You are entirely wrong.
You are partly right.
I like apples, too.
Quite a few students attempted all questions.
This room is good enough.

Instant Practice

Fill in the gaps using the following adverb of degrees.

Almost badly barely completely deeply

enough hardly enormously entirely extremely

fairly far fully greatly highly

1. The sanitation of environment is _______focused here.

2. My sister _______wakes up early.

3. I was _______benefited by your kind help.

4. Don’t depend on others_______.

5. His house is very _______from here.

6. The weather is _______ good today.

7. I am _______ sorry for that.

8. You are _______dependent on others.

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9. My problem is _______greater than yours.
10. Is it good _______to use?
11. I am _______grieved at your father’s death.
12. I am _______ready for your help.
13. I _______go out for a walk.
14. The thief was _______beaten.
15. ______all students are lazy.

Listening Practice

Repeat the following adverbs after your teacher.

Adverbs of Manner

accidentally angrily anxiously awkwardly badly beautifully
blindly busily calmly
carefully bodly bravely brightly clearly closely
correctly deliberately doubtfully
eagerly carelessly cautiously cheerfully equally eventually
exactly fiercely fondly
foolishly courageously cruelly daringly generously gently
gladly hardly hastily
healthily easily elegantly enormously inadequately ingeniously
innocently justly kindly
lazily faithfully fast fatally mortally mysteriously
neatly openly painfully
patiently fortunately frankly frantically powerfully promptly
punctually rarely really
recklessly gracefully greedily happily rightfully roughly
rudely sensibly seriously
sharply honestly hungrily hurriedly slowly smoothly
softly sternly straightly
inquisitively irritably joyously

loosely loudly madly

nervously noisily obediently

perfectly politely poorly

quickly quietly rapidly

regularly reluctantly repeatedly

sadly safely selfishly

shyly silently sleepily

solemnly speedily stealthily

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stupidly successfully suddenly suspiciously swiftly tenderly
tightly
tensely thoughtfully warmly truthfully unexpectedly victoriously

violently vivaciously weakly wearily well

Adverbs of Place

about above abroad anywhere away back
down downstairs where
backwards behind below in indoors inside
on out outside
elsewhere far here under up upstairs

near nearby off

over there towards

Adverbs of Frequency

annually daily fortnightly hourly monthly nightly
constantly ever frequently
quarterly weekly always normally often occasionally
sometimes regularly usually
generally infrequently never

rarely regularly seldom

Adverbs of Time

now then today tomorrow tonight yesterday ultimately
already before early earlier eventually finally instantly
first formerly just last late later last year
next previously recently since soon still yet

Adverbs of Degree

almost absolutely awfully badly barely completely
decidedly deeply enough extremely
fairly far fully enormously entirely highly
how incredibly indeed least
less little most greatly hardly perfectly
positively practically pretty rather
really scarcely simply intensely just thoroughly
too totally utterly mammothly
much nearly

purely quite

somewhat strongly

very hugely

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1 ASSESS YOURSELF

Underline adverbs in the following sentences and write their types.
1. I went to the market in the morning.
2. The dog sat lazily in the shade of the tree.
3. The man grumbled loudly while cleaning the table.
4. I often visit my grandparents.
5. It is extremely hot today.
6. Please wait patiently.
7. The technician fixed the problem easily.
8. They serve hot pan cakes there.
9. I am waiting here for my daughter.
10. He laughed merrily.
11. We will leave today.
12. She is standing outside.
13. Please put the books there.
14. The newspaper is delivered daily.
15. We walk home from school every day.
16. I clean my bedroom every week.
17. That’s our ball there.
18. I couldn’t find my book anywhere.
19. They live in a house nearby.
20. Can I do my work later?

2 ASSESS YOURSELF

Underline adverbs in the following sentences and write their types.

1. Mom was away a very long time.

2. The man shouted loudly.
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