grammar 7 final -2077 press print

A: What are your hobbies?

B: My hobbies are reading and travelling.

A: Who is your best friend?

B: My best friend is Dina.

A: Which colour do you like most?

B: I like purple colour most.

A: Whom do you admire most?

B: I admire my father most.

A: Why do you go to school?

B: I go to school to study.

A: How much water do you drink in a day?

B: I drink 3 liters water in a day.

A: How long does it take you to go to school?

B: It takes an hour to go to school.

A: How often do you go to movies?

B: I go to movies every Saturdays.
A: Whose songs do you like most?
B: I like Narayan Gopal’s songs.
A: Whose house is this?
B: This is my house.

Grammar Focus: WH Question

Wh questions usually include the verbs be, have, do, or any of the helping verbs.
To ask for facts, use the question words what, which, who, whom, how, when,
where. The helping verbs in WH questions usually come before the subject. So
does the verb be when it is used as an ordinary verb.

How am I going to finish all this work?

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What is your problem?
When do the stores open in the morning?
Where shall I put this box?
Which colour do you prefer?
Who is she going to invite to her party?
Whom is she going to invite to her party?
Why was the girl crying?
How long has it been raining outside?

1 ASSESS YOURSELF

Ask WH questions for each of the following answers.

1. Sumy is very thin and has got blue eyes. (who) _____________?

2. They need twenty-five dollars. (how much) _____________?

3. Ann likes apples, oranges and pears. (what) _____________?

4. We go to the South in summer. (when) _____________?

5. Mr. Jubal gets up at 6:45 every morning. (when) _____________?

6. My friends come from Kapan, Kathmandu.(where) _____________?

7. Jaya visits his parents twice a month. (how often) _____________?

8. The boys usually talk about football. (what) _____________?

9. The boy sometimes wears his father´s shoes. (what) _____________?

10. It takes me about 20 minutes to get there. (how long) _____________?

11. I go there three times a week. (how often) _____________?

12. Binod plays golf with his boss on Sunday. (with whom) _____________?

13. Mr. Rubin writes about his trips round the world. (what) _____________?

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14. They look at the stars with the telescope. (how) _____________?
15. We take photographs with a camera. (how) _____________?
16. I like Mina because she´s very friendly. (why) _____________?
17. We went to work by bus. (how) _____________?
18. Prem came here yesterday. (when) _____________?
19. I wanted to drink tea. (what) _____________?
20. They saw the car accident. (what) _____________?

2 ASSESS YOURSELF

Fill in the blanks with the correct question words from the box.

where when why how

whose what who which

1. ________ are my keys?

2. ________ is the tall boy at the back of the class?

3. ________time did they arrive?

4. ________ is the problem?

5. ________ are we going to the zoo?

6. ________ do you know the answer?

7. ________ do the stars twinkle?

8. ________ coat is this?

9. ________would you like for dinner?

10. ________ did you open the door without a key?

11. ________ is your favourite singer?

12. ________ does this train leave?

13. ________ bike is that over there?

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14. ________cafe do you prefer?
15. ________ can we find a restaurant?
16. ________ is your house?
17. ________ wallet is this?
18. ________ are you always late?
19. ________ wrote this book?
20. ________ of the two boys is smarter?

3 ASSESS YOURSELF

Complete each sentence, using what, where, when, who or why.

1. ______’s the time please?

2. ______did I just say?

3. ______do you think you are?

4. ______is my coat?

5. ______do you want to leave? This evening?

6. ______didn’t you go to college this morning?

7. ______was the Battle of Hastings?

8. ______are you looking for?

9. ______’s your name?

10. ______is the front door open?

11. ______is the star of ‘Spiderman’?

12. ______didn’t you call me last night?

13. ______do you live?

14. ______did you go to the party last night?

15. ______did you leave school in 1994?

16. ______do you work?
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17. ______were you talking to yesterday? 255
18. ______’s going on?
19. ______are you still in bed at four in the afternoon?
20. ______is your birthday?

4 ASSESS YOURSELF

Write wh-questions for the following sentences.
1. Ann likes apples, oranges and pears.
2. He gets up at 6:45 every morning.
3. Jack visits his parents twice a month.
4. My friends come from Kathmandu.
5. Susan is very thin and has got blue eyes.
6. They need twenty-five dollars.
7. We go to the Taj Mahal in the summer.
8. The boys usually talk about football.
9. The boy sometimes wears his father´s shoes.
10. It takes me about 20 minutes to get there.
11. Bob plays golf with his boss on Sunday.
12. I go there three times a week.
13. I like Mary because she´s very friendly.
14. She writes about her trips round the world.
15. They look at the stars with the telescope.
16. We take photographs with a camera.

Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

17. Mohan usually travels by plane.
18. Ann writes detective stories.
19. The students go to the gym after lunch.
20. Bob goes to bed early when he´s tired.

Vocabulary in Use

Match the following crime and law related expressions with their
continuations given below.

to plead guilty or not guilty to punish someone by putting them in

prison

to prosecute someone in a court to punish someone by making them

pay

to fine someone a sum of money to argue for or against someone in a
trial

to send someone to prison to swear in a court that one is guilty or
otherwise

to release someone from prison to bring someone to court

to be tried to say someone is guilty

to pass a verdict to do something illegal

to commit a crime to decide whether they are guilty or
not

to accuse someone of a crime to have case judged in court

to charge someone with murder to set someone free after a prison
sentence

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Guided Composition: Interpretation of Charts and Graphs

Read the following interpretation.

Monthly Expenditure of a Family

miscellaneous

saving 10% food
20%
5%

health clothes
15% 15%

education rent
25% 15%

This is a pie chart. This chart shows the monthly expenditure of a family. Overall,
the expenditure on education is greater than that of the rest.

According to the chart, the monthly expenditure of a family is divided into
seven different topics, namely food, clothes, rent, education, health, saving and
miscellaneous. Based on the chart, the expenditure on education, 25%, is greater
than other expenditures. The expenditure on food, 20%, is on the second greatest
point. Expenditures on clothes and health, 15% and expenditures on rent and
miscellaneous topics, 10% are equal. However, only 5% is allocated for saving.

On the whole, the chart shows the expenditure on saving should be increased for
better future and expenditure on other topics should be decreased.

Now, interpret the following pie chart.

Sources of Drinking Water in Nepal

river system

1% others

spring water 3%

7%

well
10%

tap/piped
50%

tubewell/handpump 257
29%

Dynamic English Grammar & Composition Book-7

T START CHAPTER 17

GE ED

READING COMPREHENSION

1. Read the passage given below and do the exercises that follow.

Cold air flows outwards from the poles, while warm subtropical air moves pole
wards. The cold and warm air meet along a line called the polar front. Because of
the great difference in temperature, the cold and warm airs do not mix. Instead,
warm air flows into bends in the polar front and cold air flows in behind it. This
sets up a rotating low pressure air system, called a depression or cyclone, which
was warm, light air at its centre.

The front edge of the warm air is called the warm front. Ahead of the warm front,
the warm air flows upwards over the dense, cold air. As it rises, a blanket of cloud
forms and rain starts to fall from it. The advancing edge of the cold air, behind the
warm air, is called the cold front. Here, cold air pushes under the warm air and
thunderclouds often form as the warm air rises. Depressions, therefore, bring
stormy unsettled weather as they move across the land.

A. Decide whether the following statements are true of false.

a. Cold air and warm air are mixed at the polar region.

b. Low pressure air system is called depression.

c. The cold air causes rain fall.

d. Depression brings stormy unsettled weather.

B. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

a. Warm air flows into ……….. in the polar front.

b. The cold air and warm air do not mix because of the great ………….

c. Thunderclouds are formed when the warm air ………..

C. Answer following these questions.

a. What happens when the cold and warm air meet at polar front?

b. In which directions do cold air and warm air flow?
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c. What is the warm front?

d. When does the rain start to fall?

2. Read the passage and answer the questions given below.

Rudyard Kipling, British poet and novelist, was born on 30 December 1865 in
Bombay, and was the winner of England’s first Nobel Prize for Literature. The
early years of his life were spent in India where his father was posted and the
country left a strong impression on him.

From 1882 to 1889 he worked as a journalist in Lahore writing poem, short stories
and ballads about India and the British Army. At twenty-five, a best-selling author,
he travelled widely in Asia and America, where he married an American lady.

He wrote a large number of books though he is most fondly remembered for Kim,
his best long novel written in 1901, and The Jungle Books, stylistically superb
stories, written in 1894 and 1895. Kipling was writing at a time when England
ruled over a vast colonial empire, and his writings reflect the times he lived in. He
died in 1936 at the age of seventy-one.

A. Match the following phrases with their continuations.

a. Rudyard Kipling the jungle books

b. his father worked India

d. wonderful stories a poet and novelist

B. Choose the best alternatives and complete the following sentences.

a. Rudyard was born in…….…(Britain / India / America)

b. He had been the bestselling author when he was ……….. (seventy one/
twenty five / seventeen)

c. He got the Novel Prize of ………(journalism / publishing books / literature

d. He worked as a journalist in India ………… (In 1882/In 1936/In 1895)

C. Answer the following questions. 259
a. Why did Rudyard have to spend his childhood in India?
b. Who was his wife?
c. In what sort of literature did he use his pen?

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3. Read the following text and do the activities given below.

There was a coffee shop in front of my house where one man in his sixties always
came and spent his whole day. Out of curiosity one day I went to the shop, ordered
some coffee and sat next to him. Before I could speak, he asked me about my
home and family. After that he became quite nostalgic. Suddenly his eyes filled
with tears as he told me that I reminded him of his granddaughter Julli, who was
in the US. I got to know his son was in the US for the last five years. He had been
staying alone after his wife passed away a year ago. A retired officer with enough
wealth, yet there was no one to take care of him. Speaking over the phone with
his granddaughter was not enough. All he needed was love and care from his
children. From that day onwards we became friends. He calls me granddaughter
and loves me very much. From my meeting with him, I learnt that nothing is
greater than family and money cannot buy happiness. The key to a happy family
is love and care.

A. Match the following expressions with their meanings.

a. coffee shop a retired officer

b. the man’s son to give him affection

c. the old man in front of the narrator’s house

d. the narrator succeeds in the United States

B. Choose the correct answers to complete the following sentences.

a. The narrator was …………… the man. (the granddaughter of/ the wife
of/a stranger to)

b. The man’s wife…......... (left him away/had already died/is also in the US)

c. The man’s age was ……………. years old. (sixty/below sixty/between
sixty to seventy)

d. In spite of enough wealth, the man was …………….. (cheerless/
family-less/happy)

C. Answer the following questions.

a. Why did the narrator actually go to the coffee shop?

b. How did the man become alone in his house?

c. What is the most important thing in man’s life?

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4. Read the following story and answer the questions that follow.

For me the events of last weekend were a reflection of some of the problems of
society today. On Saturday afternoon, I attempted to stop a robbery at one of my
local shops. No one came to my aid during my endeavours, now I have a black
eye and broken ribs.

The apathy and disinterest of bystanders shocked me. The four youths responsible
for the robbery made their escape in a Volvo, which suggests that it is easier to
make a dishonest living rather than an honest one. The shop-owner has shown no
interest in my well-being and no gratitude for my attempt to protect his property.

I suppose I am fortunate that my injuries are not so serious, but I have found
the experience saddening. When will the public stop turning a blind eye to such
event, actively help to prevent them; and responsibility for factors such as high
unemployment which lead to this sort of crime?

A. Find similar meaning to the following words/phrases.

a. gratefulness b. attempts c. wounds d. lack of concern

B. Write whether the following statements are true or false.

a. The passage tells about the bank robbery.

b. The youths were successful in their attempt.

c. The writer believes that it is better to rob people than to do an honest job.

d. The writer was sad because he was hurt.

C. Answer the following questions.

a. Where did the robbery take place?

b. How did the writer get hurt?

c. How does the writer regard the shop-owner?

5. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Mahabir pun was born in Nangi village, Myagdi. Pun passed his boyhood in his
village and attended a village school. Pun’s father moved the family to Chitwan,
where, he finished high school and became a teacher. He worked as a teacher

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for 12 years. Finally, a timely scholarship led him to a bachelor’s degree at the
University of Nebraska at Kearney. Then, in 1992, after more than 20 years, pun
returned to Nangi, determined to make things easier for other youths than they
had been for him.

Mahabir Pun brought Nangi onto the world map by bringing in wireless internet to
a village with no other form of communications. His efforts led him being featured
on BBC News Online. Now five villages including Nangi are linked together into
one digital community using smart Bridges and air Point-PRO access points. With
the network, the villagers are better able to manage their traditional Yak farming
and even venture into e-commerce, marketing the folk handicraft they make to
provide additional sources of income.

A. Find the opposite meanings of the following words.

a. alone b. expenditure c.weak d. worse

B. Put the following sentences into the correct order.

a. Pun worked for twelve years as a teacher.

b. A timely scholarship led him to a bachelor’s degree at the University of
Nebraska.

c. He studied in a village school.

d. Nowadays the villagers are better able to manage their traditional Yak
farming.

C. Answer the following questions.

a. What did Mahabir Pun do?

b. What are people able to do?

c. What work led him being featured on BBC?

d. How many years did he work as a teacher?

e. Which News online featured his news?

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6. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

Hamelin is a beautiful town on the bank of the Weser in Germany. About six
hundred years ago, the people in this town lived in constant fear. They were
afraid of rats. There were hundreds and hundreds of rats in every house. Any
grain the people kept in store were eaten up. Every morning they found their flour,
bread and cheese eaten up. Any place appeared to be good enough for the rats
to live in comfort; the people found rats even in their shoes, hats and pockets.
When it was time for the children to be put to bed, mother found rats lying in
comfort in beds and cradles. The rats were not afraid of cats or dogs. In fact these
animals lived in fear of rats and whenever they saw the rats they turned their tail.
Poor little kittens and puppies were constantly attacked and killed. People tried to
catch the rats in traps. But the rats were too clever to be caught in traps. Even if
one was caught, other rats would come to it, help and set in free.

A. Find the words that are opposite in meaning to the following words.

a. released

b. saved

c. occasional

d. lost
B. Rewrite the following sentences rearranging them in the correct order.

a. They lived in comfort.

b. They helped any rats caught in trap make free.

c. They killed young dogs and young cats also.

d. Rats went into the granary and ate up grains.
C. Answer the following questions.

a. What did cats and dogs do when they saw rats?

b. What did mothers see in beds?

c. How did the rats give trouble to the people of Hamelin?

d. What is Hamelin?

e. How many rats were there?

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7. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.

Silently Siddhartha stood in the fierce sun’s rays filled with pain and thrust and
stood until no longer felt pain and thrust. Silently he stood in the rain, water
dropping from his hair onto his freezing shoulders, onto his freezing hips and legs.
And the ascetic stood until his shoulders and legs no longer froze, till they were
silent, till they were still. Silently, he crouched among the thorns. Blood dropped
from his smarting skin, ulcers formed, and Siddhartha remained stiff, motionless,
still no more blood flowed, till there was no more pricking, no more smarting.

Siddhartha sat upright and learned to save his breath, to manage with little
breathing and to hold his breath. He learned, while breathing in, to quiet his
heartbeats, learned to lessen his heartbeats, until there were few and hardly any
more.

A. Find the words that are similar to the following words.

a. only one b. poured out c. desire for water d. quiet and peaceful

B. Rewrite the following sentences putting them in the correct order.

a. Siddhartha silently stood in the sun’s rays.

b. He silently stood in the rain.

c. Blood dropped from his skin and ulcers formed.

d. He became stiff and motionless.

C. Answer the following questions.

a. What was the goal of Siddhartha?

b. What, according to Siddhartha, happens when all the self is conquered?

c. What did Siddhartha do to achieve his goal?

d. How did Siddhartha stand?

e. What did he learn when he sat upright?

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8. Read the following advertisement carefully and do the activities given
below.

Vacancy

The Sharadha Nursing Campus invites application from qualified candidates
for the position of Nursing Tutor.
Minimum Qualification: Post Basic Nursing BN/B Sc Nursing
Required Nos. : Some
Deadline of submission of application: 1st April, 2003

Masters in Nursing Degrees are highly preferred and prioritized during
selection. Interested individuals are requested to send their applications in the
following address with a copy of their academic qualification, CV & passport
size photograph.

Shradha Nursing Campus,
Chundevi, Bhaktapur Tel: 6612652

A. Find the words form the above texts which are closest in meaning to the
following words/phrases.

a. resume b. individuals c. teacher d. last point of time

e. of education in university

B. Answer the following questions.

a. What type of candidate is preferred?

b. Where should a candidate send the application?

c. What is the number of required tutors?

d. What is the duty of the Nursing tutor?

e. What are the things to be submitted with the application?

C. Read the text again and rewrite the passage filling in the gaps with
appropriate words.

This is an advertisement of a ……… of the post of …… A person
whose minimum qualification is ………… can apply. Preferences will be
given to those with ……… Application must be reached on ………….

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9. Read the following advertisement carefully and do the activities given
below.

Simply the Best Station of Nepal

Vacancy

We are seeking few experienced, competent, result oriented and smart Nepali
Citizen to join our team as a Marketing Executive.

Qualification and other desirable skills:

a. Completion of minimum Bachelor’s Degree.

b. At least two years’ experience in related field.

c. Good communication (spoken and written) skill in both Nepali and
English language.

d. Identify, develop and evaluate marketing strategy.

e. Handle executive correspondence independently.

Application must reach to the address given below no later than 25th February,
2013

Administration Department

GPO 8975, EPC1615, Kathmandu, Nepal

Only short listed candidates will be contacted for interview. Telephone inquiries
will not be entertained.

A. Find opposite meaning of the following words.

a. naïve b. plan c. contract d. inexperienced

B. Write true or false to the following statements.

a. The vacancy is for three candidates.

b. Master’s students also can apply for the job.

c. The candidates must be from the marketing field.

d. For detail information, candidates can ring.

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C. Match the following.

a. candidate Nepali and English

b. interview not allowed

c. communication experienced

d. telephone executive director

short listed

D. Answer the following questions.

a. What is the advertisement for?

b. What is the minimum experience required?

c. What is the deadline for the application submission?

d. Who can walk to interview?

e. Where should the application be sent to?

10. Read the following advertisement carefully and do the activities given
below.

Wanted

A newly established software marketing company is looking for energetic and
self-motivated employees for marketing their new product. It is challenging job
and has a lot of opportunities and returns. Selected candidates will be trained
on various marketing skills in Kathmandu and have opportunity to go further
training in India’s cyber city, Hyderabad.

Post: Marketing Executive

Minimum Qualification: Commerce Graduate

Essential Qualities: Knowledge of accounting and various accounting
software along with programming languages, various computer application
and operating systems.

Interested candidates may send their application along with CV to Prashanta@
wlink.com.np before 30th March.

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A. Find the words form the above text which are closest in meaning to the
following definitions.
a. A brief account of somebody’s career………..
b. Offering problems that test somebody’s ability…………….
c. A person working in administration or management in business
organization…….
B. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words.

This is an example of an……….. It is for the post of……….. A person whose
minimum qualification is………..can apply. The candidates must be……..and
selected candidate will be given training on…….in Kathmandu. They will be
given further ……..in India’s cyber city, Hyderabad.

C. Answer the following questions.
a. What type of candidate is required?
b. Where will the selected candidate be trained?
c. What is the advertised post?
d. What is the last date to submit the application?
e. State the minimum academic qualificatgion for the post?
f. What document should be submitted with application?

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CHAPTER 18

Irregular Verbs

Simple Past Past Participle
be was, were been
beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
bend bent bent
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
buy bought bought
bet bet bet
bite bit bitten
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
dig dug dug
do did done
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen

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feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
forget forgot forgotten
forgive forgave forgiven
freeze froze frozen
get got gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
lay laid laid
lead led led
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lay lain
light lit lit
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
pay paid paid
put put put
quit quit quit
read read read
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung

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rise rose risen
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
shake shook shaken
show showed shown
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
split split split
spread spread spread
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
swim swam swum
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
understand understood understood
wear wore worn
win won won
write wrote written

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CHAPTER 19

Regular Verbs

Infinitive Past Past Infinitive Past Past
participle participle
accept accepted accepted last lasted lasted
acted learn learned learned
act acted achieved like liked liked
admired link linked linked
achieve achieved advised list listed listed
affected listen listened listened
admire admired agreed live lived lived
amazed locate located located
advise advised amused look looked looked
answered love loved loved
affect affected appeared manage managed managed
arranged mark marked marked
agree agreed arrived match matched matched
asked measure measured measured
amaze amazed attacked mention mentioned mentioned
baked miss missed missed
amuse amused behaved move moved moved
believed name named named
answer answered belonged need needed needed
blamed note noted noted
appear appeared borrowed notice noticed noticed
bothered number numbered numbered
arrange arranged called offer offered offered
canceled open opened opened
arrive arrived carried order ordered ordered
caused organize organized organized
ask asked celebrated pack packed packed
cleaned paint painted painted
attack attacked cleared pamper pampered pampered
climbed pardon pardoned pardoned
bake baked

behave behaved

believe believed

belong belonged

blame blamed

borrow borrowed

bother bothered

call called

cancel canceled

carry carried

cause caused

celebrate celebrated

clean cleaned

clear cleared

climb climbed

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close closed closed park parked parked
compare compared compared participated
compete competed competed participate participated passed
complete completed completed performed
contain contained contained pass passed persuaded
continue continued continued picked
cook cooked cooked perform performed planned
correct corrected corrected played
cough coughed coughed persuade persuaded pleased
count counted counted practiced
crash crashed crashed pick picked predicted
create created created preferred
cross crossed crossed plan planned presented
curse cursed cursed programmed
change changed changed play played protected
chase chased chased provided
chat chatted chatted please pleased purchased
check checked checked pushed
damage damaged damaged practice practiced rained
dance danced danced received
date dated dated predict predicted recommended
decide decided decided related
deliver delivered delivered prefer preferred relaxed
depend depended depended released
describe described described present presented remembered
design designed designed repaired
destroy destroyed destroyed program programmed repeated
dicrease dicreased dicreased resisted
die died died protect protected rested
disagree disagreed disagreed returned
discover discovered discovered provide provided reviewed
discuss discussed discussed sailed
disturb disturbed disturbed purchase purchased saved
dress dressed dressed scanned
dry dried dried push pushed scared
eliminate eliminated eliminated shared
end ended ended rain rained shopped
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed shouted
receive received

recommend recommended

relate related

relax relaxed

release released

remember remembered

repair repaired

repeat repeated

resist resisted

rest rested

return returned

review reviewed

sail sailed

save saved

scan scanned

scare scared

share shared

shop shopped

shout shouted

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entertain entertained entertained skate skated skated

excuse excused excused ski skied skied
exercise exercised exercised slow slowed slowed
exhibit exhibited exhibited sneeze sneezed sneezed
expect expected expected snow snowed snowed
express expressed expressed solve solved solved
film filmed filmed spell spelled spelled
fill filled filled start started started
fish fished fished step stepped stepped
fix fixed fixed stop stopped stopped
follow followed followed stress stressed stressed
freeze freezed freezed study studied studied
fry fried fried substitute substituted substituted
greet greeted greeted suggest suggested suggested
guess guessed guessed surprise surprised surprised
hail hailed hailed talk talked talked
handle handled handled taste tasted tasted
happen happened happened terrorize terrorized terrorized
hate hated hated thank thanked thanked
help helped helped touch touched touched
hope hoped hoped travel traveled traveled
hunt hunted hunted try tried tried
identify identified identified tune tuned tuned
ignore ignored ignored turn turned turned
imagine imagined imagined underline underlined underlined
impress impressed impressed use used used
improve improved improved vary varied varied
include included included wait waited waited
increase increased increased walk walked walked
interview interviewed interviewed want wanted wanted
introduce introduced introduced warn warned warned
invite invited invited wash washed washed
jog jogged jogged watch watched watched
join joined joined water watered watered
jump jumped jumped welcome welcomed welcomed
knock knocked knocked wish wished wished
label labeled labeled witness witnessed witnessed
land landed landed work worked worked
wrestle wrestled wrestled worry worried worried

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CHAPTER 20

Antonyms

Word Antonym Word Antonym
accurate inaccurate correct incorrect
active inactive dress undress
adequate inadequate east west
admissible inadmissible easy difficult
agree disagree ebb flow
allow disallow empty full
appear disappear enemy friend
arm disarm enjoy dislike
arrange disarrange entrance exit
attentive inattentive equal unequal
believe disbelieve evening morning
better worse ever never
big small everybody nobody
black white everywhere nowhere
blameless guilty exit entrance
bless curse fact fiction
blunt sharp failure success
bold timid fair dark
boss employee fair unfair
bravery cowardice famous unknown
break repair fancy plain
bridge tunnel far near
bright dull fat skinny
broad narrow fat thin
busy idle few many
buy sell fold unfold
capture release found lost
careful careless freeze thaw
catch throw fresh stale
cheap dear fresh stale
city country friendly unfriendly
common rare happy unhappy
common unusual harmful harmless
connect disconnect healthy unhealthy

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conscious unconscious helpful helpless
continue discontinue honest dishonest
contract expand hopeful hopeless
cool warm just unjust
like dislike kind unkind
liquid solid known unknown
long short level steep
loss gain life death
loud soft silly serious
love hate similar different
loyal disloyal slim fat
majority minority smile frown
many few steady unsteady
masculine feminine straight crooked
master servant strange familiar
mean kind strong weak
miser spendthrift suitable unsuitable
modern ancient summer winter
most least sweet sour
motorist pedestrian talk listen
mountain valley tall short
natural artificial tame wild
near far this that
never always tidy untidy
niece nephew tie untie
obey disobey tight loose
omit include tiny huge
open shut/close top bottom
order chaos true untrue
order disorder trust distrust
overlook notice understand misunderstand
painful painless use misuse
perfect imperfect willing unwilling
pitiful pitiless wise unwise
real imaginary same different
right left screw unscrew
rise fall seen unseen
rough smooth selfish unselfish
sad cheerful separate join
safe dangerous several few

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CHAPTER 21

Words Synonyms
action
ad Synonyms
admit move, act, gesture, deed, feat
advocate advertisement, commercial, promotion, advert, trailer
afraid acknowledge, concede, confess, allow, grant,
agree supporter, promoter, campaigner, activist
almost freighted, scared, alarmed, paranoid, apprehensive
bitter approve, consent, acquiesce
border nearly, practically
boring pungent, sour, acrid, sharp
bottom boundary, line, frontier
bright dull, tedious, uninteresting
broken base, foundation, foot
build brilliant, fluorescent, luminous, vivid, vibrant
building out of order, broken-down, on the blink
burn construct, assemble, erect
choose property, premises, complex, structure, block, edifice
claim char, blacken, scald, scorch, singe
clear select, pick, opt, go for something
coast allegation, assertion, contention
coddle obvious, apparent, evident, plain, crystal clear
cold bench, seaside, coastline, shoreline, sand, seashore
collect indulge, spoil, overprotect
colour cool, freezing, chilly, lukewarm, tepid,
comment gather, accumulate, amass
complain shade, tone, hue, tint, tinge
note, remark, observe
protest, object, grumble, moan, whine

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condition state, situation, circumstance
consist comprise, make up something, constitute, be comprised of
constantly repeatedly, continuously, always, frequently, regularly
content amount, substance
country landscape, countryside, terrain, land, scenery
crash slam, collide, smash, wreck
cut slash, cut, scale, rationalize, downsize
damage hurt, harm, impair, prejudice
declare state, indicate, announce
demand require, expect, insist, ask
deter discourage, put off, prevent, frighten
difficult hard, challenging, demanding, taxing, testing
effect result, consequence, outcome, repercussion
entertainment fun, recreation, relaxation, play, pleasure, amusement
environment setting, surroundings, background, backdrop, situation
equipment material, gear, kit, apparatus
exciting dramatic, heady, thrilling, exhilarating
fast quick, rapid, swift
fear alarm, apprehension, fright, foreboding
fight clash, brawl, struggle, scuffle, tussle
floor ground, land, earth, soil
grown up adult, mature, grown, developed, full-size
halt stop the progress of, stop, bring to an end, freeze,
immobilize
happy satisfied, content, contented, joyful, joyous, blissful
hate dislike, can’t stand, despise, can’t bear, loathe, detest
hide conceal, cover, disguise, mask, bury, camouflage

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illness sickness, ill health, trouble
imagine envisage, visualize, picture, envision,
impious sinful, irreverent, wicked, bad, immoral
income wage, wages, pay, salary, earnings
injure wound, hurt, bruise, maim, sprain, pull, twist, strain
intelligent smart, clever, brilliant, bright
interest hobby, game, pastime
job post, position, vacancy, placement, appointment, opening
like love, be fond of something, be keen on something, adore
limit restriction, control, constraint, restraint, limitation
look watch, see, view, observe, regard
look glance, gaze, stare, glimpse, glare
love like, be fond of, adore, be devoted to, care for, dote on,
upon
lucid clear, logical, thought through, simple
luck chance, coincidence, accident, fortune, fate, destiny,
providence
mentally ill insane, neurotic, psychotic, disturbed, unstable
mention refer to, cite, quote, allude to
mistake error, inaccuracy, slip, howler, misprint, typo
mix stir, mingle, blend,
money cash, currency, change, wealth, capital
naked bare, nude, unclothed, uncovered
narrow thin, restricted, contracted, limited
order tell, instruct, direct, command
outside outdoors, out of doors, in the fresh air, under the stairs
painful sore, raw, excruciating, burning

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payment premium, subscription, repayment, deposit, installment
perplexed puzzled, at a loss, confused, mystified, confounded, baffled,
bewildered
photograph photo, picture, shot, snapshot, snap, portrait
picture drawing, painting, portrait, illustration, sketch, image
place site, position, location, scene, spot, venue
plain simple, stark, bare, unequivocal, bald
pleasure delight, joy, treat
promote help, support, uphold, encourage, elevate
pull drag, draw, haul, tow, tug
purpose aim, intention, plan, point, idea
rate charge, fee, rent, dues, toll, rental, tariff
reason grounds, excuse, motive, need, justification, cause, pretext
recommend advise, advocate, urge
regard consider, see, view, perceive
replete sated, full up, complete, supplied
save rescue, bail out, redeem
see spot, glimpse, clap, lay, set eyes on
serious grave, earnest, solemn
serious severe, critical, grave
tentative uncertain, unsure, provisional
tiny very small, petite, miniature
undo unfasten, untie, loosen, unwrap, unknot
uniquely outstandingly, exclusively, individually

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