龙湾别墅位于顺义区温榆河别墅区内，占地120公顷，西南、东南侧 拥有200米宽绿化带，西南侧依傍温榆河，有1800米的河岸景观线。它是 低密度为主的环保型高档精英社区和北京最具国际色彩的高尚居住区。 龙湾为原创型别墅，以中式传统元素为源泉，结合主流的欧美风格， 并重新发掘与回归地域特色。以现代人文主义视角，融入了中国居住理 念，形成了龙湾的特色风格。针对京城温榆河水资源稀缺的现状，结合地 域水面特征，建成4万平方米的内湖贯穿整个园区，创设组团式水景园林。 龙湾和院别墅的建筑布局为十字形和T字形，这样自然就形成了三进式 的四个庭院花园，细分了每个庭院的功能。下沉庭院主要是为了提升地下 室采光与通风功能。在庭院的装饰上借用了很多中国传统建筑的元素，院 墙采用装饰型的花窗，雕塑与小品的设置体现出价值感与生活场所的高品 位气质。 龙湾商业街的环境与位置决定其景观设计既要与整个社区相协调，同 时也兼顾温榆河中央别墅区的服务功能，设计师创建了龙湾“水景观”商 业，在整合形态各异的商业建筑基础上，用景观的手法划分不同业态所需 空间。例如：露天亲水平台的设计巧妙地将建筑与景观相结合，并扩大了 商业利用空间，提升了其商业价值；在商业建筑拐角的叠水喷泉，满足了 建筑内外通透的观看效果，也创造出热闹商街中与众不同的幽静一角，别 有情趣。此外，儿童游戏区和音乐旱喷的设计使商业街更聚人气。 050 3 2
Landscape Plan: 1. Entrance fountain and wall 2. East entrance A 3. East entrance B 4. West entrance 5. Plaza for building #8 6. Stage area 7. Water channel 8. Landscape at the end of water channel 9. Parking lot 10. Children’s playing area 11. Music fountain plaza 12. Central water area 13. Landscape for building #4 14. Landscape for building #5 15. Wooden deck by the water 16. Overflow pot 17. Bended wooden bridge 18. Bicycle parking lot 19. Selling kiosk 景观平面图： 1. 入口喷泉景墙 2. 东入口A景观 3. 东入口B景观 4. 西入口景观 5. 8号楼前广场 6. 舞台区 7. 水道 8. 水道尽头景观 9. 停车场 10. 儿童娱乐区 11. 旱喷广场 12. 中心水域 13. 4号楼景观 14. 5号楼景观 15. 临水木平台 16. 溢水陶罐 17. 木折桥 18. 自行车停放区 19. 售卖亭 0514 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 9 9 15 15 15 16 17 18 19
Master Plan 总平面图 052
5. Fountain 6. Pergola 7. Cascade 8. Spa club by water 9. Commercial area 10. Steps Rendering 效果图 5. 叠水喷泉 6. 藤架小径 7. 喷泉景墙 8. 水边Spa 9. 商业区 10. 阶梯 053 5 6
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11. Courtyard wall 12. Pathway in bamboo grove 13. Pavement 14. Landscape facility 11. 院墙 12. 竹林小径 13. 地面处理 14. 小品 056 12 11
Rendering Plan 效果图 平面图 057 13 14
This project reactivates a degraded and abandoned space to reconnect a green corridor from the mountains to the sea in northeastern China. Qinhuangdao Botanic Garden features a display of native plants and combines science education in a unique regional landscape experience. By integrating plant communities, promoting ecology and environmental ethics, the concept of sustainability incorporated with modern landscape architecture creates a distinct palette of mountain, valley, and riparian garden spaces. The project is located in Qinhuangdao City, a tourist city on the east coast of Hebei Province of northern China. The 26.5 hectare (65.5 acre) site was formerly a tree nursery with existing tree saplings, mature trees, and road infrastructure. Six small bankrupt and abandoned factories, decommissioned years earlier, and a garbage dump were remained as an eyesore for the surrounding community. A botanical garden was proposed to reactivate the site and reconnect the riparian corridor along the Tanghe River and to create a continuous connection with the sea and the surrounding mountain range. Bird Eye View QINHUANGDAO BOTANIC GARDEN Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) Site Area: 265,000m2 Completion Time: 2009 Architect: Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) Photographer: Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) 鸟瞰图 秦皇岛植物园 河北省 秦皇岛 北京土人城市规划设计有限公司 占地面积：265000平方米 建成时间：2009年 建筑设计：北京土人城市规划设计有限公司 摄影师：俞孔坚 058
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DESIGN OBJECTIVES: (1) Create a public open space allowing local communities to visit freely; (2) Generate a new tourist attraction to increase tourism capacity for the overcrowded tourist city; (3) Build an educational facility to encourage people to understand the beauty of the vernacular landscape and heightened sense of environmental stewardship in the community. The garden displays native plants and combines it with a science education to promote ecological knowledge, environmental ethics, and to enhance the concept of sustainability within a modern regional landscape. Mature jujube (Zizyphus jujube), purple vine (wisteria sinensis), arborvitae (platycladus orientalis), and pagoda trees (sorphor japonica) were saved and used for the design. They were preserved and integrated at their existing locations to ensure survival. Many saplings were also saved and the existing nursery roads were reclaimed and incorporated into the design. By using a number of walkways and other structures, a series of settings were created to display plants in different environments and groupings. The vernacular regional landscape was the inspiration for the design. Entrance: this entrance is a very formal colonnade of native Gingko trees and is paved with gravel and black bricks to bring the park an atmosphere reminiscent of traditional Chinese gardens as well. Herb Gardens: black brick walls create four distinct courtyards and red steel screens visually connect these spaces and function as accent to give a contemporary feel amongst traditional brick and plant materials. Each courtyard is inspired by Chinese medicinal trees and herbs and these healing gardens lure visitors with beautiful aromatic plantings. Granite 1. The Red Crane Pavilions: one of five red steel Crane Pavilions located on the top of the hills to attract the attention of visitors across the park 2. The main entrance to the botanic garden applied local black bricks Site Plan: 1. Sidewalk 2. Park wall 3. Red Crane Pavilion 4. The north hills 5. Administrative office 6. Theme sculpture 7. Scaffolds displaying hanging-plants 8. The valley 9. Jinye Rd 10. Orchard Terraces -Pine Garden 11. Liuyin Rd 12. Qiangwei Rd 13. Bamboo Garden 14. Plum Garden 15. Service area 16. Begonia House 17. Grass Corridor 18. Parking lot 19. Magnolia House 20. Huaixiang Rd. 21. Zhongtu Blvd 22. Jujube court 23. Visitor Centre 24. Herb Garden 25. Songtao Rd 26. Main entrance 27. North entrance 28. Wind Whisper Path 29. Perennial garden 30. Tanghe River 31. Luanhua Rd 32. Waterfront woods 33. Storm water swale 34. Egret Path 35. Egret Path 36. Crane Pavilion 37. Shade structure 38. Binshui path 39. Preserved pond 40. Axis of soil 41. Amphitheatre 42. Water feature axis 43. Landscape tower 44. Teahouse 45. Rock path 46. South entrance 47. Residential area 1. 红鹤亭：山峦上有5个红色钢铁结构，从远处吸引游客的注意力 2. 植物园的主入口处铺有取材于当地的青砖 总平面图： 1. 人行道 2. 公园围墙 3. 红鹤亭 4. 北山 5. 行政中心 6. 主题雕塑 7. 展示垂吊植物 的支架 8. 溪谷 9. 金叶路 10. 果树梯田 —松园 11. 柳荫路 12. 蔷薇路 13. 竹苑 14. 梅苑 15. 服务区 16. 海棠楼 17. 绿色长廊 18. 停车场 19. 玉兰堂 20. 怀乡路 21. 中土大道 22. 枣园 23. 游客中心 24. 草本花园 25. 松桃路 26. 主入口 27. 北入口 28. 风语小径 29. 常年生植物花园 30. 塘河 31. 峦画路 32. 滨水树林 33. 雨水沼泽地 34. 白鹭小径 35. 白鹭小径 36. 鹤亭 37. 遮荫结构 38. 滨水小径 39. 保留池塘 40. 土地的轴线 41. 圆形剧场 42. 水景轴线 43. 观景塔 44. 茶室 45. 岩石路 46. 南入口 47. 居住区 061 2
slab benches adjacent to rectangular planting beds are subtle yet powerful additions to the garden. Jujube Court: a courtyard was constructed around a grove of existing jujube trees, and a sunken garden creates a cozy sitting area beneath the canopy. Traditional black brick paving emphasizes the vernacular landscape and creates a relaxed outdoor seating area. The Axis of Soils: densely planted native Chinese Juniper (Juniperus chinensis) continues the entrance procession and extends to the eastern edge of the park. The axis becomes an educational walk about the formation of soil. The walk begins with coarse rock, breaks down into sand, then loam, and finally fertile soil. Plant communities are placed according to their ideal environment to create a continuum of vegetation, slowly transforming from one ecosystem to another as you move along the east-west axis. The Grass Corridor: the northern region of China has cold and dry climate and supports a rich variety of grasses. Perennial and native grasses are grown along the meandering boardwalk that traverses the park. Seating and trellises that support vines are scattered along the corridor to provide respite along the footpath. Grasses and plants spill onto the boardwalk, inviting visitors to brush up against and experience the range of textures in the regional landscape. Orchard Terraces: Adapted to the northern climate, the vernacular landscape in Qinhuangdao is characterized by fruit orchards growing on the plains and on the bottom slopes of surrounding mountains. In this section of the park peaches, apples, pears, almonds, and walnuts grow on terraces informed by the existing topography. Shrubs and flowers are used as the understory 3,4. The valley: an artificial valley cuts through a man-made hill to display the geological layering of the nearby mountain range. Native plants are displayed in and above the valley and bridges connect the hilltops to create interesting views 3,4. 溪谷：溪谷从一个人工假山中穿过，非常艺术地展示出山脉的 地理表层。植物群种在山上、溪谷、小山及穿过溪谷的小桥上， 为游客提供了山脉景观一瞥。 062 4 3
of the fruit orchard and blossom before the fruit trees flower. Detail design elements, such as subtle differences in elevation and brightly coloured fiberglass, add a touch of drama to landscape. The Valley: a valley cuts through a man-made hill and artistically displays the mountain’s geological layers. Plant communities associated with the mountain are planted in the valley and on the hill and bridges cross over the valley, providing visitors with a glimpse of a mountain landscape. The Hills: at the northern terminus of the park, a series of geometric hills constructed by reclaimed debris left onsite act as a wind shield to screen bitter winter winds and provide a comfortable microclimate for plants and visitors. The Crane Pavilions: inspired by breathtaking Red-Crowned, Hooded, and Siberian Cranes that migrate through the region every year, several pavilions were designed as abstract shade structures of these magnificent birds. These painted white steel structures provide shade, seating, and support climbing plants. There are five red steel structures located on the top of the hills to attract visitors’ attention from a distance. Using several different design strategies, the Qinhuangdao Botanic Garden is designed as an experiential landscape that creates a number of sequential settings that allow visitors to have a series of unique experiences and vantage points in a reinvented vernacular landscape. Visitors learn about native plants and make new discoveries about the regional landscape each time they visit. The park serves multiple functions including a tourist attraction, an environmental landscape, a botanical education facility, and as public space open for daily use by the local community. One year after its opening, the park has been a great success in fulfilling these objectives. 5,6. Herb Gardens: a series of courtyards enclosed with back brick walls in th design, together with white gravels like “rice paper” (generally used for traditional Chinese painting) as a setting to display herbs and trees used in Chinese medicine 5,6. 草本花园：青砖墙营造出四面独特的庭院，地上的砾石洁白如宣纸 （用于中国传统水墨画），成为展示中国药用树种和草木的极佳场所 063 5 6
秦皇岛植物园将昔日残破荒芜之地重新改造，重新连接起燕山绿色长 廊和中国东北地区的渤海。以展示本土植物为特色，融科普及景观体验为 一体。植物展示与生态知识、环境伦理、可持续理念及当代景观设计手法 相结合，形成一幅拥有大山、溪谷和河岸花园等各具特色的景区画面。 该项目坐落于中国东北部河北省东部的旅游城市秦皇岛。占地26.5公 顷，昔为苗圃，育有树苗、成树并建有道路设施。几年前有六家残破工厂 盘踞，垃圾遍地。鉴于此，建造植物园的想法应运而生，重新恢复这里的 生机，连接起唐河沿岸的河岸长廊，创建出与周围大山大海的绵延不断的 连接。 设计目标： （1）建造一个公共开放的空间，允许当地居民自由参观； （2）建造一个新旅游景点，为过于拥挤的旅游城市分担些旅游压力； （3）建造一个教育场所来鼓励人们去了解当地植物景观的美，并且加 强当地社区环境管理责任感。 秦皇岛植物园主要展示本土植物，融科普及景观体验为一体，推广生 态知识、环境伦理、并且强化可持续理念与当代景观设计手法相结合。 枣树、紫藤、侧柏和榕树都在设计中得到了保留和使用。为了保证成 活率，这些树种在设计方案中仍然保留其原来的生存位置。许多小树苗也 得到了保护，原来的苗圃也在设计中得到了重新利用，包含于设计中。 通过使用一系列的通道和其他设施，也创建了一系列的装置，展示不 同环境和群体中的植物。当地的植物景观是该设计的灵感。 入口：由当地银杏树构成的正式廊道，铺有砾石和青砖，为公园营造 了一处欣赏传统中国花园的氛围。 草本花园：青砖墙营造出四面独特的庭院，红色钢铁栏杆从视觉上将这 些空间和功能联系起来，为传统的青砖和植物带来一丝现代气息。每个庭院 都种有药用树种和草木，这些有治疗功用的花园通过植物的芬芳吸引游客。 长方形苗圃旁的花岗石片长凳虽是微小的细节，却是花园有力的装饰品。 枣园：在一簇原有的枣树周围营建了一个庭院，树叶遮篷下的一个下 沉花园处建造了一处舒适的栖息场所。传统的青砖铺装更加彰显了当地景 观，营造出休闲放松的室外休憩之所。 土地的轴线：茂密的圆柏排列在入口处，并延伸至公园的东部。这个 轴线成为关于土壤形成的科教之路。小路从粗糙的岩石开始，进入沙层， 然后是壤土里，最终到达沃土里。根据植物群各自理想的生长环境而种植 在不同的位置，从而建立一条延续的植物带，当你沿着东西轴线行走的时 候，就会发现这里从一种生态系统逐渐过渡到另外一种。 草本花园：中国的北部气候干燥，适于各种小草的生长。横穿于公园 的蜿蜒小道上常年生长着当地的小草。廊道上的座椅和凉亭的藤格上攀附 着藤蔓，为小路提供了休憩场所。草和植物爬满了过道，游客需要拨开这 些植物，从而体会到当地景观中不用植物的质感。 果树梯田：适应北部的气候，秦皇岛当地的景观以其遍布于平地和周 围山脚斜坡上的果树梯田为特色。公园的这部分就其地形种有桃树、苹果 树、梨树、杏树和核桃树。灌木丛和花儿作为果树开花前的下层林木。细 部的设计元素，比如立面的稍许差异和颜色亮丽的玻璃纤维，均为景观增 添了一丝戏剧色彩。 溪谷：从一个人工假山中穿过，非常艺术地展示出山脉的地理表层。 植物群种在山上、溪谷、小山以及穿过溪谷的小桥上，为游客提供了山脉 景观一瞥。 064 7
7. The Crane Pavilions: inspired by the cranes commonly seen in the adjacent river corridor, pavilions are designed as shade structures that support climbing plants and seating for visitors 8. The Axis of Soil: a gradient spectrum of various medium types changing from rock, to sand, to loam and then to fertile soil are displayed and planted with native trees and perennials to create a spectrum of vegetation 9. The Grass Corridor: native grasses are grown along the meandering corridor that is the primary footpath that crosses the entire park 小山：公园的北端，连绵的几何图案的山峦由原来再回收的残骸建 成，形成避风的屏障，从而阻挡冬季的寒风，为园里的植物和游客提供一 个舒适的小型温和气候。 鹤亭：每年此地都会有红冠西伯利亚鹤群来此栖息，于是设计师设计 了许多亭阁为这些美丽的鸟群提供栖息场所。这些粉刷成白色的钢铁结构 提供了阴凉、座椅并支撑攀爬植物。山峦上有五个红色的钢铁结构，从远 处吸引游客的注意力。 秦皇岛植物园运用了各种不同的设计策略，作为实验景观创造了许多 连续的设施，从而为游客提供了一系列与众不同的体验和欣赏此地景观的 有利地点。游客游玩时可以了解到很多当地的植物，发现很多新事物。这 个公园的功能多样，既是旅游景点、环境景观、生态科教基地，同时也对 当地居民开放。开放一年后，这个公园出色完成了这些目标，可谓成功案 例的典范。 7. 鹤亭：受附近河岸常见的起重机启发，设计成遮荫设施，为游客提供座椅并支撑蔓生植物 8. 土壤轴：从岩石、沙子到土壤，并种有当地树木和多年生植物，创造了层次分明的植物群落 9. 绿色长廊：蜿蜒的长廊上种植着本地的植物，是穿越整个公园的主要步道 065 9 8
Project Statement Built on a brownfield of a former industrial site, Houtan Park is a regenerative living landscape on Shanghai’s Huangpu riverfront. The park’s constructed wetland, ecological flood control, reclaimed industrial structures and materials, and urban agriculture are integral components of an overall restorative design strategy to treat polluted river water and recover the degraded waterfront in an aesthetically pleasing way. Project Narratives 1. Objectives and Challenges The site is a narrow linear 14-hectare (34.6 acre) band located along the Huangpu River waterfront in Shanghai, China. This brownfield, previously owned by a steel factory and a shipyard, had few industrial structures remaining and the site was largely used as a landfill and lay-down yard for industrial materials. Site Plan: 1. Water intake 2. Terraced fields 3. Waterfront reed scenery 4. Vegetation bubble 5. Transformed industrial relic: “Sky Garden Square” 6. Original wetland 7. Reed platform 8. Inner river wetland 9. Red ribbon elements 10. Watergate square 11. Watergate docklands 12. Houtan rain water pumping station 13. Waste water pumping station 14. Original architecture (air shaft) 0 50 100 200 500m N Site Area: 140,000m2 Completion Time: 2011 Architect: Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) Photographer: Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) SHANGHAI HOUTAN PARK Shanghai Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) 总平面图： 1. 进水口 2. 梯田禾田 3. 滨江芦荻景观 4. 植被 5. 工业遗址改造： “空中花园广场” 6. 原生湿地 7. 芦荻台 8. 内河湿地 9. 红绸带景观构筑 10. 水门码头广场 11. 水门码头 12. 后滩雨水泵站 13. 污水泵站 14. 原有建筑（隧道通风井） 上海后滩公园 上海 北京土人城市规划设计有限公司 占地面积：140000平方米 建成时间：2010年 景观设计：北京土人城市规划设计有限公司 摄影师: 俞孔坚 066 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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人工湿地的 净水机制： 1. 取水过滤 2. 蓄水沉淀 3. 梯田生态净化 4. 土壤生态净化 5. 重金属净化 6. 病原体净化 7. 营养物净化 8. 植物综合净化 9. 水质稳定调节 10. 砾石生物净化 11. 清水蓄水 A-A地形的典型 剖面图（概念）： 1. 黄浦江 2. 原生滩涂湿地 3. 白茅 4. 滨江休闲步道 5. 内水净化湿地 6. 水下梯田 7. 红绸带 8. 遮荫座椅 9. 梯地禾田 068 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Typical Cross Section of Topography A-A(Concept): 1. Huangpu River 2. The existing shoal wetland 3. Cogon 4. Recreational waterside promenade 5. Purification wetland 6. Underwater terrace 7. Red steel panel 8. Shading seats 9. Terraces The water cleaning mechanism of man-made wetland: 1. Water intake and screening 2. Water setting and precipitation 3. Terraces for aeration and bio-purification 4. Subsurface filtration 5. Heavy metal removal and bio-purification 6. Pathogen removal and bio-purification 7. Nutrient removal 8. Aeration and biological purification 9. Water quality stabilisation and control 10. Sand filter for final polishing 11. Clean water impoundment
Objectives: The objective of the park design was to create a green Expo, accommodate for a large influx of visitors during the exposition from May to October, demonstrate green technologies, transform a unique space to make the Expo an unforgettable event, and transition into a permanent public waterfront park after the Expo. Challenges: The first challenge was restoring the degraded environment. The site is a brownfield littered with industrial and construction debris both on the surface and buried throughout the site. The water of Huangpu River is highly polluted with a national water quality ranking of Lower Grade V, the lowest grade on a scale of I-V and is considered unsafe for swimming and recreation and devoid of aquatic life. The eminent site design challenge was to transform this degraded landscape into a safe and pleasant public space. The second challenge was to improve flood control. The existing concrete floodwall was designed to protect against a 1,000-year flood event with a top elevation of 6.7 metres (22 feet), but it is rigid and lifeless. The 2.1 metre (6 feet) daily tidal fluctuation creates a muddy and littered shoreline and is currently inaccessible to the public. A conventional retaining wall would continue to limit accessibility and preclude habitat creation along the water’s edge, so an alternative flood control design proposal was necessary. The third was the site itself. The area is long and narrow locked between the Huangpu River and an urban express way with water frontage is over 1.7 kilometres (one mile) in length but averaging only 30-80 metres (100-265 feet) in width. 2. Design Strategy Regenerative design strategies used to transform the site into a living system that offer comprehensive ecological services included: food production, flood, water treatment, and habitat creation combined in an educational and aesthetic form. The site is destined to be an innovative demonstration of the ecological culture for the 2010 Expo. (1) Constructed Wetland and Regenerative Design Through the centre of the park, a linear constructed wetland, 1.7 kilometres (one mile) long and 5- 30 metres (16.5 – 100 feet) wide was designed to create a reinvigorated waterfront as a living machine to treat contaminated water from the Huangpu River. Cascades and terraces are used to oxygenate the nutrient rich water, remove and retain nutrients and reduce suspended sediments while creating pleasant water features; different species of wetland plants were selected and designed to absorb different pollutants from the water. Field testing indicates that 2,400 cubic metres (500,000 gallons) per day of water can be treated from Lower Grade V to Grade III. The treated water can be used safely throughout the Expo for non-potable uses, and save a half million US dollars in comparison with conventional water treatment. The wetland is also acting as a flood protection buffer between the 20- year and 1000-year flood control levees. The meandering valley along the wetland creates a series of thresholds generating visual interest and refuge within the bustling world exposition with many opportunities for recreation, education, and research. The terrace design of the wetland alleviates the elevation difference between the city and the river, safely reconnecting people to the water’s edge. Additionally, the existing concrete floodwall was replaced by a more habitat friendly riprap that allows native species to grow along the riverbank while protecting the shoreline from erosion. (2) Memory and Prophecy Overlapped in the matrix of ecologically regenerated landscape are layers of agricultural and industrial past of the site and future of the postindustrial eco-civilisation. 069 2
Inspired by the fields of Chinese agricultural landscape, terraces were created to break down the 3-5 metre (15-18 foot) elevation change from the water’s edge to the road, and to slow the runoff directed to the stream in the constructed wetland. These terraces are reminiscent of Shanghai’s agricultural heritage prior to industrial development of the neighborhood in the mid 20th century. Crops and wetland plants were selected to create an urban farm allowing people to witness seasonal changes: the golden blossoms in the spring, splendid sunflowers in the summer, fragrance of the ripened rice in the fall, and green clover in the winter. It provides a premier educational opportunity for people to learn about agriculture and farming within the city. 0 5 15 35m 水杉林 机器的记忆 木栈道 N 82° Dawn Redwood Forest Industrial Relic Wooden Pathway 070 3
1. Steel panel 2. Detailed view 3-4. Terraced wetland The terraces enrich the landscape along the wetland by creating spaces that encourage visitors to enter the living system through the field’s corridors and experience the agricultural landscape and wetland firsthand. The paths, like capillaries of a sponge, absorb and pull people to circulate through the park. The industrial spirit of the site is celebrated through the reclamation of industrial structures and materials. Shanghai is the birthplace of China’s modern industry and the iconic structures that remained onsite have been transformed into hanging gardens and overlook platforms. 机器的记忆 水杉林 玻璃钢座椅 N 45° 0 5 15 35m Industrial Relic Dawn Redwood Forest Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Seats 1. 钢板 2. 园区细部景色 3,4. 梯地禾田 071 4
60° 5.000 4.400 4.150 3.800 3.000 Typical Cross Section Of Topography D-D (Concept) (Facing Top): 1. Cogon 2. Recreational waterside promenade 3. Cogon 4. Wetland 5. Underwater terrace 6. Red steel panel 7. Shading seats 8. Terraces 9. Bus stop Typical Cross Section Of Topography E-E (Concept) (Facing Middle): 1. Bamboo 2. Feed canal 3. Dawn redwood 4. Cascade wall 5. Platform 6. Water field 7. Filtration wall 8. Resting platform 9. Rice field 10. Wetland 11. Filtration wall 12. Water field 13. Dry field 14. Path 15. Dawn redwood 16. Combination of wild flower 17. Existing trees 18. Cogon 19. Gravel embankment Typical Cross Section Of Topography B-B (Concept) (Top): 1. Planter at the dock 2. Floating dock 3. Aquatic plant 4. Deck 5. Plaza under forest 6. Lamp column 7. Steps 8. Wetland 9. Platform plaza 10. Air outlet at tunnel 11. Terrace 12. Cafe seats 13. Teahouse 14. Entrance sculpture 15. Sidewalk Typical Cross Section Of Topography C-C (Concept) (Above): 1. Huangpu river 2. The existing Shoal wetland 3. Cogon 4. Recreational waterside promenade 5. Cogon 6. Purification wetland 7. Underwater terrace 8. Red steel panel 9. Shading seats 10. Terraces Terraced Wetland Detail (Below): 1. Seepage control 2. Sand, 400mm 3. Rough sand, 400mm 4. Gravel, 300mm 5. Clay compacted in layers, 600mm 6. Existing prime soil 7. Overflow port 8. Mortar bonded rubble retaining wall, 400mm 9. Bamboo paving, 45mm 10. Antisepsis keel, 50mm×50mm 11. Reinforced concrete rubble retaining wall, 400mm 12. Mortar bonded rubble retaining wall, 400mm 13. Clay compacted in layers, 600mm 14. Existing prime soil 15. Sand, 400mm (Zeolite stone 3-5 pieces/m2, each 80-120mm wide) 16. Clay compacted in layers, 600mm 17. Existing prime soil 18. Rubble, 400mm 19. C15 reinforced concrete, 100mm 20. Prime soil compaction 21. Rubble, 800mm 22. Rough sand, 100mm 23. Prime soil compaction D-D地形的典型 剖面图（概念） （对页顶图）: 1. 白茅 2. 滨江 休闲步道 3. 白茅 4. 内水湿地 5. 水下梯田 6.“红绸带” 7. 遮荫座椅 8. 梯地禾田 9. 大巴停车场 B-B地形的典型 剖面图（概念） （顶图）： 1. 码头树箱 2. 浮码头 3. 水生植物 4. 甲板平台 5. 林下广场 6. 灯柱 7. 台阶 8. 内水湿地 9. 平台广场 10. 隧道排风口 11. 梯田禾田 12. 咖啡座 13. 林下茶座 14. 入口雕塑 15. 人行道 C-C地形的典型 剖面图（概念） （上图）： 1. 黄浦江 2. 原生滩涂湿地 3. 白茅 4. 滨江休闲步道 5. 白茅 6. 内水湿地 7. 水下梯田 8. “红绸带” 9. 遮荫座椅 10. 梯地禾田 E-E地形的典型 剖面图（概念） （对页中图）: 1. 竹 2. 引水渠 3. 池杉 4. 跌水墙 5. 平台 6. 水田 7. 滤水墙 8.“红绸带” 休憩平台 9. 水田 10. 内水湿地 11. 滤水墙 12.水田 13. 旱田 14. 小径 15. 池杉 16. 野花组合 17. 保留树 18. 白茅 19. 抛石驳岸 梯田细节图（下图）： 1. 渗水管 2. 400厚砂土 3. 400粗砂 4. 300厚砾石 5. 600厚粘土分层碾压 6. 现状素土 7. 溢水口 8. 400宽浆砌毛石挡墙 9. 45厚竹铺装 10. 50×50防腐龙骨 11. 钢筋混凝土梁体 12. 400宽浆砌毛石挡墙 13. 600厚粘土层 分层压实 14. 现状素土 15. 400厚砂土 （掺斜发沸石 3-5块/平方米， 块径80-120） 16. 600厚粘土层 分层碾压 17. 现状素土 18. 400宽毛石干垒 19. 100厚 C15素混凝土 20. 素土夯实 21. 800宽毛石 22. 100宽粗砂 23. 素土夯实 072 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
The reclaimed steel panels hail the site’s former industrial spirit. Situated throughout the wetland valley, the folded steel panels are used to frame views of Shanghai’s skyline and highlight the industrial past. The materials are reconfigured to create artful forms, new paving material for the boardwalk, and shelters. (3) Path Network An ecologically recovered landscape, urban agriculture and industrial spirit are the three major layers of the park, woven together through a network of paths where visitors are educated about green infrastructure within a lushly restored recreational area. The pedestrian network is composed of a main loop, a series of perpendicular roads bisecting the wetland and a multitude of footpaths leading through the terraces. This network ensures seamless connections between the park and its surroundings, encourages access within the site that not only effectively accommodates the massive pedestrian flows expected during the Expo, but ensures a pleasant and accessible public park at the human scale afterwards. Numerous platforms and enclosed "containers" are designed as the nodes on the pedestrian network, including the "hanging garden" transformed from a factory structure and the landscaped dock. These platforms and containers are integrated into the pedestrian network to create larger expanses where small groups can gather. Groves of bamboo and Chinese Redwood trees act as screens along the paths to break up the spaces and the enclosures surrounded by trees are used to exhibit modern art and industrial relics found onsite. Conclusion Houtan Park demonstrates a living system where ecological infrastructure can provide multiple services for society and nature and new ecological water treatment and flood control methods. The post-industrial design demonstrates a unique productive landscape evoking the memories of past and the future of the ecological civilisation, paying homage to a new aesthetics based low maintenance and high performance landscapes. Built on a brownfield of a former industrial site, Houtan Park is a regenerative living landscape on Shanghai’s Huangpu riverfront. The park’s constructed wetland, ecological flood control, reclaimed industrial structures and materials, and urban agriculture are integral components of an overall restorative design strategy to treat polluted river water and recover the degraded waterfront in an aesthetically pleasing way. 0.000 1.000 3.000 3.600 4.200 4.800 5.000 60° 073 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 18 19 20 21 22 23
5-8. The long bench 9-12. The hanging garden The Construction Drawingsto Transform The Exiting Dock into a Viewing Deck (Above): 1. Pergola 2. Wooden paving 3. C30 reinforced concrete, 100mm 4. Railing 5. Glass fiber reinforced plastic seats 6. Planting basin 7. Protection bricks 8. Wooden bench 5-8. 长凳 9-12. 空中花园 将原码头改造成 观景平台的施工 详图（上图）： 1. 景观廊架 2. 木铺装 3. 100厚C30 钢筋混凝土 4. 栏杆 5. 玻璃钢座椅 6. 种植池 7. 保护砖墙 8. 木凳 074 6 5 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
N 45° 0 5 15 35m 1. Landscape bridge 2. Rail 3. Fiber glass seats 4. Huangpu River 5. Red land line 6. Beach area 7. Riprap ascender line 8. Dawn redwood forest 后滩公园位于上海黄浦江畔，场地原为垃圾遍地、污染严重的工业重 地，现在是一个可再生的生态景观。该公园建设性的湿地选址、生态防洪 控制系统以及可回收工业结构和材料以及城市农业都是整个恢复设计策略 的主要成分，从而治理受污染水质，并将恶化的外水滩地改造成具有审美 功能的愉悦之地。 项目描述 1.目标和挑战 该公园总面积约14万平方米，位于中国上海黄浦江之东岸。这个工业 重地原址为浦东钢铁厂和后滩船舶修理厂，搬迁后留下被工业垃圾和建筑 垃圾深度污染的土地。 目标：这个公园的目的是创建一个绿色世博，从五月份到十月份的世博 会期间接待大量涌入的游客，展示绿色科技，将这个独一无二的空间打造成 世博会令人难忘的事件之一，也将此处变成世博后永久的公共滨水公园。 挑战：该工程第一个挑战就是恢复恶化的环境。这个地址是一处表面 和地下都充满了工业垃圾和建筑遗骸的重地。黄埔江的水质已受到严重的 污染，在国家水质等级I-V中处于劣V类水，不适于游泳和娱乐活动，而且 缺乏水生生物。这个杰出的场地设计挑战是将此处恶化的景观改造成一个 安全愉悦的公共空间。第二个挑战是改善防洪措施。现状的防洪墙为水泥 硬化工程，防汛墙的设计标高为千年一遇的防洪标准6.7米。其中建造了高 达2.1米的潮间带，现未对外公开。传统的挡土墙将会继续限制行人在河边 的出入，所以一套可选择的洪水防控设计提议是很有必要的。第三个挑战 是场地本身。该地夹于黄浦江和城市交通干道之间，呈狭长地形，沿江岸 有1.7公里长，宽度在30-80米之间。 2.设计策略 再生设计策略将此地转化成一个获得系统，提供全面的生态服务，包 括：食物产品、洪水、水处理和物种栖息地，这些都以教育和美的形式完 成。这个地方注定要为2010年的世博会提供一个创新的生态文化展示地。 1. 景观桥C 2. 栏杆 3. 玻璃钢坐凳 4. 黄浦江 5. 用地红线 6. 滩区 7. 抛石上沿线 8. 水杉林 075 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2
Substance Framework New design Industrial Hall 实体 框架 新设计 工业厅 076 10 9
Rainwater Cool and moist indoor air Dry and hot outdoor air Wet gravel The Construction Drawing of The Eco-Façade of The New Service Buildings Underneath The “Hanging Garden” (Left): 1. Dark grey aluminum composite panels 2. Ø25 water pipe 3. Toughened glass Ø30-40 dark grey graded gravel Toughened glass 4. Ø30 hole on u-steel under gravel, 100mm 5. See the landscape construction plan for the practice of outdoor ground 6. Water apron, 500mm 7. Fired common brick, 240mm 8. Reinforced concrete beam 9. Low-E fireproofing hollow glass 10. Steel beam 雨水 室内凉爽湿润的空气 室外干热的空气 潮湿的碎石粒 位于“空中花园”下的服务中心建筑 的生态外立面的施工详图（左图）： 1. 深灰色铝塑板 2. Ø25水管 3. 钢化玻璃 Ø30-40深灰色级配碎石 钢化玻璃 4. 石子下方槽钢开洞Ø30， 间距100毫米 5. 室外地面做法详见景观施工图 6. 散水500毫米宽 7. 240毫米厚烧结普通砖 8. 钢筋混凝土梁 9. Low-E防火中空玻璃 10. 钢梁 077 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
An Eco-Friendly Rip-Pap Design to Improve the River Bank: 1. Staking axis 2. Mud surface line 3. Base of riprap(existing) 4. Riprap(400-800mm wide) 5. Stone laid dry, thick 400mm 6. Gravel, thick 200mm 7. Rough sand, thick 400mm 8. Gabion (infill with 30mm-50mm gravel) 9. Planting soil 10. Stone laid dry, thick 400mm 11. Gravel, thick 200mm 12. Rough sand, thick 200mm 13. Demolishing parts of the flood control structure 14. Preserving parts of the flood control structure 0.000 1.000 3.500 提高河岸的环保抛石设计： 1. 放线轴线 2. 泥面线 3. 抛块石棱体 4. 自然抛石 （块径400-800毫米） （间隙内用碎石填充） 5. 干砌块石护坡厚400毫米 6. 碎石层厚200毫米 （1）建造湿地净化系统和再生设计 公园的中心处设计了一个线形的建设湿地，绵延1.7公里，5-30米 宽，从而创建了一个可再生的水质净化系统，处理在黄浦江受污染的水 体。小瀑布和梯田被用来给那些富含养料的水体提供氧气，除去或是保留 养料，减少滞留的沉淀物，创造愉悦的水质；湿地植物的不同物种用来吸 收不同的污染物。土地测试显示每天2400吨的净水能力可以将劣V类水转 化成III类。 处理后的水可以作为世博非饮用水，与传统的水处理方式相 比，这种方式能够节省50万美元。 湿地同样也扮演20年一遇与千年一遇的防洪堤之间的防洪系统。湿地 旁蜿蜒的山谷营造出一系列的视觉趣味，在这个喧闹的环境中，创造一个 相对幽静的溪谷景观，营造出一片“僻静”，可供娱乐，教育和研究。 （2）记忆和展望 在湿地生态景观的基底之上，叠加了工业、农业的过去以及后工业文 明的未来三个层次。 从千百年来中国农业景观中得到启发，梯田可以用来解决3-5米的高 差，同时，利用梯田灌溉的过程，使污水逐级沉淀、净化。这些梯田是上 海在20世纪中叶农业遗产先于工业发展的回忆。庄稼和湿地植物用来建造 一个城市农场，从而让大家见证季节的变化： 春天里的黄色花簇，夏日里 灿烂的向日葵，秋季中成熟稻谷的香气以及冬日里的绿色三叶草。 这些都 为城市中的人们提供了一处农业和农作的科普教育场所。 7. 粗砂层厚200毫米 8. 石笼 （内置粒径30-50砾石） 9. 种植土 10. 干砌块石护坡厚400毫米 11. 碎石层厚200毫米 12. 粗砂层厚200毫米 13. 拆除部分防汛墙结构 14. 保留部分防汛墙结构 078 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
13. The Floating Garden 14. Summer Terrace Typical Cross Section of Topography J-J (Concept): 1. Back fill planting soil layer (minimum thickness 300mm) 2. Clay compaction, 250mm (slope ratio≤1:2) 3. Prime soil compaction 4. Full with mound 5. Reinforced concrete top 6. Rubble, 400mm 7. Graded gravel, 200mm 8. Prime soil compaction 9. Sand, 150mm (zeolite stone 3-5/m2, 80-120mm wide/piece) 10. Gravel, 50mm 11. Sand, 40mm 12. Clay compaction, 250mm 13. Prime soil compaction 14. Wetland plantation 15. Sand 16. Gravel, 50mm 17. Sand, 40mm 18. Clay compaction, 250mm 19. Prime soil compaction 20. Rubble, 400mm 21. Graded gravel, 200mm 22. Prime soil compaction 23. Origami ribbon 24. Reinforced concrete pillar and plate 25. Back fill planting soil layer (minimum thickness 300mm) 26. Clay compaction, 250mm (slope ratio≤1:2) 27. Prime soil compaction 28. Waterproof mortar bonded rubble retaining wall, 400mm 0.000 1500 1500 J-J地形的典型 剖面图（概念）： 1. 种植土回填层 （最薄处不少于300毫米厚） 2. 250毫米厚粘土层压实 （坡比例≤1:2） 3. 素土夯实 4. 土堆饱满 5. 混凝土压顶 6. 400毫米宽毛石干垒 7. 200毫米厚级配砂石 8. 素土夯实 9. 150毫米厚砂土 （每平方米掺斜发沸石 3-5块，块径80-120毫米） 10. 50毫米厚砂石 11. 40毫米厚砂石 12. 250毫米厚粘土层压实 13. 素土夯实 14. 水生植物 15. 砂土 16. 50毫米厚砂石 17. 40毫米厚砂土 18. 250毫米厚粘土层压实 19. 素土夯实 20. 400毫米宽毛石干垒 21. 200毫米厚级配砂石 22. 素土夯实 23. 折纸形飘带 24. 钢筋混凝土柱及板 25. 种植土回填层 （最薄处不少于300厚） 26. 250毫米厚粘土层压实 （坡比例≤1:2） 27. 素土夯实 28. 400毫米宽毛石挡墙 （防水砂浆砌筑） 13. 漂浮花园 14. 夏季梯田 079 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 14 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
The “Source” - a Cross Section: 1. Huangpu river 2. Precipitation basin 3. Diversion canal 4. Water field 5. Man-made wetland 6. Contamination Precipitation 7. Aeration schist wall 8. Plant absorption layer 9. Planting layer 10. Soil filtration layer 11. Gravel layer for Water filtration 12. Overflow gap 梯田丰富了江岸过渡带的界面景观，同时创造了丰富的体验空间。以 田埂为径，人们可以进入湿地净化区域，体验独特的田园景观和人工湿地 展示，这些路径像海绵一样，大大提高了公园的人流量。 该地的工业精神主要通过工业结构和材料的再生而成的。上海是中国 现代工业和图标结构的发源地，现在的遗址已被改造成空中花园和看台。 重组的钢板还保留着该地原来的工业精神。坐落于湿地山谷之中，展 开的钢板昂首上海的天空中，彰显出这里的工业过去。这里的材料重组后 创造出各种艺术形式，小道和遮凉之地都采用了新式的铺装材料。 （3）步道网络 生态恢复景观、城市农业和工业精神是该公园的三大主要层面，这些 通过步道网络交织在一起，游客在这样一大片郁郁葱葱的休闲区域可以学 到一些绿色建筑的知识。步道网络建构了一环、六纵、多路径的体系。这 个网络保证了公园和其周围事物的合理联系，既满足了世博会期间大量的 游客使用，又满足会后作为城市公园的宜人性和可进入性。 大量的场地与容器是后滩公园步道网络中的一些节点，包括从工厂结 构中改造过来的“空中花园”和水门码头广场，这些场地和容器综合在步 道网络中，从而适于小型群体聚合之用。 大簇的柱子和中国红木树生长在 沿路，像屏幕一样打破了空间的单调性，树木围起来的空间通常用来展示 现代艺术和现场的工业遗址。 结语 后滩公园展示了一个活的体系，生态设施为社会和自然提供了多样服 务，后工业设计则展示出一个独一无二的、富有成效的景观，激发了对过去 的回忆和对生态文明未来的展望，对基于“低成本高效率”的景观美学给予 了充分尊重。 后滩公园建立在前工厂遗址的“棕色地带”之上，是上海黄浦江的再 生活景观。公园的建设性湿地，生态防洪系统，再生工业结构和材料以及 城市农业都是整个恢复设计策略中的重要成分，从而以美学的宜人方式处 理受污染的水体，恢复恶化的湖滨。 “源头” 剖面图： 1. 黄埔江水 2. 沉水池 3. 引水渠 4. 水田 5. 人工湿地 6. 杂质沉淀 7. 暴氧片岩墙 8. 植物吸附层 9. 种植土层 10. 滤沙层 11. 滤水砾石层 12. 溢水口 080 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3
15. Man-made wetland 16. Wetland valley The Construction Drawing of the Cascade Wall (Right): 1. Slate grey granite top, 250×500mm (50mm thick) 2. Planter 3. Non-clay brick, 120mm 4. 1:3 cement mortar 120-150 wide bonded slate grey schist 5. 1:3 cement mortar, 20mm (including 5% water repellent) 6. Waterproof mortar bonded rubble retaining wall, lay 1:0.1 tilted 7. Slate grey schist, 10mm 8. 1:3 cement mortar, 20mm (including 5% water repellent) 9. C30S6 reinforced concrete, 120mm 10. C20 reinforced concrete cushion, 100mm 11. Gravel, 300mm 12. Prime soil compaction 13. C15 reinforced concrete basis, 150mm 14. Sediment planting soil, 400mm 15. Rough sand, 400mm 16. Gravel, 300mm 17. Clay compacted in layers, 600mm 7.000 6.800 6.500~6.260 6.250~6.010 4.800 跌水墙的施工详图 （右图）： 1. 50毫米厚, 250×500青灰色 自然面花岗岩压顶 2. 绿化带 3. 120毫米厚非粘土砖 4. 1:3水泥砂浆120-150宽 青灰色片岩叠砌 5. 20毫米厚1:3水泥砂浆 （含5%防水剂） 6. 防水砂浆砌筑挡墙， 放1:0.1坡 7. 10毫米厚青灰色岩 8. 20毫米厚1:3水泥砂浆 （含5%防水剂） 9. 120毫米厚C30S6钢筋混凝土 10. 100毫米厚C20混凝土垫层 11. 300毫米厚砂石 12. 素土夯实 13. 150毫米厚 C15混凝土基础条 14. 400毫米厚含砂种植土 15. 400毫米厚粗砂 16. 300毫米厚砾石 17. 600厚粘土分层压实 15. 人工湿地 16. 湿地溪谷 081 16 1 2 3 456 789 10 11 12 13 14 12 15 16 17
The Aquatic Plant Display Area (Below): 1. Mount 2. Thalia 3. River club-rush 4. Bulrush 5. Soft rush 6. Papyrus rush 7. Aquatic canna 8. Foxnut 9. Iris 10. Dasheen 11. Pickerel weed 12. Arrow heal 13. Manchurian wild rice 14. Roof iris/wall iris 15. Planting 30% umbrella papyrus in the reed 16. Small reed mace 17. Common reed 18. Maiden grass 0 2 5 10m N 水生植物 展示区（下图）： 1. 九节芒 2. 再立花 3. 水葱 4. 灯芯草 5. 蔺草 6. 纸莎草 7. 水生美人蕉 8. 芡实 9. 燕子花 10. 水芋 11. 雨久花 12. 慈姑 13. 茭白 14. 黄鸢尾 15. 芦苇间 植旱伞草30% 16. 细叶芒 17. 芦苇 18. 水烛 082 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 15 16 17 18
17-19. The flow (filtrating wetland plant bands) 20. The built scene 1. Teahouse 2. Washroom 3. Drive bridge 4. Landscape bridge D 5. Station 6. Planting strips 7. Wooden pavement 8. Landscape bridge E N 0 5 15 35m 45° 1. 茶室 2. 厕所 3. 车行桥 4. 景观桥D 5. 永久站房 6. 种植条 7. 木铺装 8. 景观桥E 17-19. 湿地净化植物带 20. 建成景色 083 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2
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The construction drawings of the “Sink”(section): 1. Blue slate, 30mm 2. 1:3 cement mortar, 20mm 3. Reinforced concrete beam 4. Dark grey volcanic rock, 30mm 5. Bamboo paving, 145×45mm 6. Thick wood keel@500, 50×50mm 7. Thick wood cushion@500, 20mm 8. Reinforced concrete slab 9. Pergola 10. Waterproof mortar, 3mm 11. Cement mortar bonding rubbles 2.900 0.000 1900 0.000 0.600 3.350 21. Colourful metal net canopy “表皮”（剖面） 的施工详图： 1. 30厚青石板 2. 20厚1:3水泥砂浆 3. 钢筋混凝土梁板 4. 30厚深灰色火山岩 5. 145×45竹铺装，板缝5 6. 50×50厚木龙骨@500 7. 20厚木垫块@500 8. 钢筋混凝土板 9. 遮荫廊架 10. 3厚防水砂浆 11. 水泥砂浆砌筑毛石凹缝 21. 彩色的金属网遮凉篷 085 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
A series of singularly designed gardens form a L-shaped linear open space, namely Bridged Gardens, located in between the city and a big man-made naturalistic park (The Qiao Yuan Park), in the northern coastal city of Tianjin, China. The site was heavy polluted, littered, deserted, and scattered with slums and temporary structures. While both the Park and the Bridged Gardens were built simultaneously, this landscape as a whole was designed to not only improve local water and soil conditions, but to create an environment that celebrated the local culture and landscapes, and provide recreational opportunities for the surrounding communities of more than ten million residents. Positing in between the city and the man-made natural park, and being at the water front, this L-shaped linear open space is exposed to multiple challenges and opportunities: how to make the landscape adaptable to the site condition of soil and water? How can the city be connected to the nature? How to make the flat and boring landscape interesting? The solution is the Bridged Gardens, featured with Hilled Gardens, City Windows, Sunken Gardens, Terraced Water Front and the Skywalk, which all together created a composed band of landscape that provide multiple ecological, recreational and aesthetic services. The regional landscape is flat and was once rich in wetlands and salt marshes, but had been mostly destroyed by decades of urban development and infrastructure construction. Though it is difficult to grow trees in the saline-alkali soil, a thick layer of soil was needed in order to provide a stable base for trees, an approach widely used in the region. However, uniformly raising the soil level would have blocked the view to the waterfront lake edge from the city. The architect approached this problem by creating a series of city “windows” that “cut” into the raised level soil and gave form to a wave like skyline. At the valleys, the sunken gardens take place and at the crests the hilled gardens can be found. TIANJIN BRIDGED GARDENS Tianjin Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) Site Plan: 1. A former shooting range 2. Drainage sink for urban storm water 3. Existing plants 4. Existing commercial building Site Area: 220,000m2 Completion Time: 2008 Designer: Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) Photographer: YU Kongjian 总平面图： 1. 原场地为 武警部队 的靶场用地 2. 现有鱼塘 3. 原生植被 4. 场地现有的 商业建筑 天津桥园公园：连接城市与自然 天津 北京土人城市规划设计有限公司 占地面积：220000平方米 建成时间：2008年 景观设计：北京土人城市规划设计有限公司 摄影师：俞孔坚 086 1 2 3 4
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Therefore a band consisting of 9 sunken gardens, 10 hilled gardens and a waterfront, interconnected by a red elevated path that intersects 10 watch towers, link the city into the nature gradually; a transitional space given to the community for recreation, exercise, education and cultural activities to enjoy. The hilled gardens are gradually sloped from the city edge into the waterfront, where its pavement level reaches 5 metres above the water surface, allowing the park users, especially the elderly and the handicapped, easily climbed up the hilled gardens and the skywalk from the urban street. At the waterfront edge cascading planters show different plant species creating a unique atmosphere and preserving a rhythm in the overall design. The inclined stone retention walls are also a symbol that relate to the different rocks excavated in the region. The sum of references of the park to the place makes it symbolic of it own place and culture. The city “windows” allow not only the view to the waterfront but also open the view to nature, recovering the meaning of the traditional Chinese window; opposed to it, hilled gardens take form, transitioning smoothly into the city and allowing an elevated view of the waterfront. Finally a continuous red bridge link each hilled garden and sunken garden with a watch tower while giving a different perspective of nature and the gardens, allowing a unique visual experience which links the spaces along the gardens and across from the city into natural park of Qiao Yuan. The sunken gardens, 20 metres X 8 metres in size, are inspired by the local land patterns: water borders, crop fields, harvested farmlands, flowing rivers, marsh, meadow and pasture. The designer re-interpreted these patterns with sustainable materials and contemporary designs that allow people to make playful use of the space. The skywalk is a connecting element and a linear observation platform, which place the observer in a line between the city and the park. Large observation walks run the length of the entire site at 5 metres above the main garden level, and provide ideal points of observation and connection between the various small gardens and the context of the large park, with a vista of the water and other small gardens around, and beyond that, the city of Tianjin. This project helps to define the urban public open space that provides multiple ecological, cultural, recreational and aesthetic services, through the creation of multi-level grounds and diverse garden spaces. 088 3 2 4
Site Plan: 1. Scenery platform 2. Fields under the trees 3. Pergola 4. Wedge shaped hill 5. Scenery tower 6. Courtyard 7. Scenery pavilion 8. Main entrance 9. Flat bridge 10. Plateau 0 10 30 50 100m N 总平面图： 1. 观景台 2. 树下场地 3. 廊架 4. 楔形山 5. 观景塔 6. 庭院 7. 观景台 8. 主入口 9. 漂浮桥 10. 高地 089 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
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1. Landscape after ecological restoration 2. Bird eye view of the filter 3,4. Wedge-shaped hill 5. The curved wooden bench bounded by red steel panels carved into flower beds 6. Strips of twisted steel panels and planting provide a new type of play equipment for children 7. Sunken garden 8. Red blocks at the end of the garden 9. Straight strips of wolftail grass 10. Office buildings 11. The terraced bridge 12. The boardwalk with a red-coloured steel wall 13. Wooden paving 在一个L形的线性公共空间中设计了一系列的花园，即桥园。桥园坐落于中 国天津市北部的市区和人工自然公园（桥园公园）之间。此地昔日垃圾遍地， 污水横流，路人掩鼻，临建破败，不堪入目，土壤盐碱。公园和桥园同时建 造，作为一个整体，这个景观设计不仅要改善当地的水质和土壤，还要建造一 处体现当地文化和景观水平的优美环境，从而为周围千万的居民提供一处休闲 娱乐场所。 位于城市和人工自然公园之间，这个滨水的L形线性公共空间承受着多重的 挑战和机遇：如何使景观与当地的地质和水质相适应？如何将城市与自然相连 接？如何将平淡无味的景观变得生动有趣？桥园景观设计正是这些问题的解决方 案，通过高台林丘、城市视窗、下沉庭院、亲水湖岸和高架廊桥等策略，使景观 成为城市的有机组成，为人们提供了多种生态、娱乐和审美服务。 当地景观地势平坦，曾是肥沃的湿地和盐沼地，但是由于几十年的城市发 展和设施建设，这里遭受到了严重的破坏。由于在盐碱地上很难种植树木，所 以有必要铺上一层厚的土壤来为树木提供坚实的根基，这个方法在此地得到普 遍应用。然而，一律提升土壤层的高度将会挡住城市眺望湖滨的视线。设计师 通过建造一系列的“城市视窗”切入提升的土壤层，建造波浪式的空中轮廓线 来解决这个问题。溪谷中可以找寻到下沉的庭院，山顶上可见那些山中花园。 因此，9个下沉花园、10个山中花园和一个亲水湖岸的组合，由一个红 色、逐渐升高的小道联系在一起，并横穿10座看台，将城市逐渐融入到自然之 中；这个过渡空间为社区提供了娱乐、锻炼、教育和文化活动场地。 山中花园从城市边缘缓慢地过渡到湖边，其铺装高度高于水平面5米以上， 允许公园游客，尤其方便老人和残疾人轻松地从城市街道的人行天桥上进入山 中花园之中。 水边的阶式渗透花槽展示出不同的植物品种，营造出一个与众不同的氛 围，在整个设计中保持了一个统一的节奏。倾斜的石头保留墙也是一个象征， 标志了挖掘出来的不同种类的岩石。公园里所有这些都标志出其特有的地理优 势和文化特征。 “城市视窗”不仅可以眺望湖岸，同时也打开了亲近大自然的视野，恢复 了传统中国的视窗；与其相对的山中花园自然地融入到城市中去，从而可以站 在高处欣赏湖水。最后，一架红色桥梁通过一个看台将每一个山中花园与下沉 花园连接起来，提供了一个欣赏大自然和花园与众不同的视角，获得独一无二 的视觉体验，将花园空间及所穿越的城市与桥园这个自然公园联系在一起。 下沉花园长20米，宽8米，其设计灵感来自于当地的土地类型：濒临湖 水，庄稼田地，收获的农场，流动的溪水，沼泽湿地和牧场。设计师将这些元 素用可持续材料和现代设计手法重新诠释，让人们在此得到愉悦的享受。 步行天桥作为一个连接的元素，同时也是一个线性的观赏平台，将观察者 置于城市和公园之间。大型的观赏步行道高于地面主花园5米，提供了一个观赏 的理想视角，同时将各种小型花园和整个大公园的场景联系起来，周围有水和 其他小型花园映衬，极目远眺还可见天津市区景致。 通过不同等级的场地和各式各样的花园空间，该项目有助于定义城市公共 空间，提供了多样服务，包括生态、文化、休闲和审美等。 1. 生态恢复后的景观 2. 鸟瞰图 3,4. 楔形山 5. 嵌入花坛的红色钢板 环绕着蜿蜒的木质座椅 6. 弯曲的钢板和景观植物带 成为孩子们新的游乐设施 7. 下沉花园 8. 花园末端的红色方块 9. 笔直的狼尾巴花带 10. 办公建筑 11. 梯型桥 12. 红色钢板墙围绕的 木栈道 13. 木质铺装 091
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Located in Jining at the intersection of the new city and the old town, the triangle-shaped park is a crucial link between the different urban zones. It also acts as a key element of the city development plan. The triangle shape of the site splits the inbound roads into two major axes. The north-south canal passing through the site creates a pleasant residential area which is under construction at the north while older industrial & residential zones remain in the south. A modern green area has been planned in order to ensure a public recreation space for the surrounding residents, providing well needed contact with nature. Design Concept The designers of the project planned a business centre in the middle of the site with an open park facing the east. A public service facility belt links the surrounding properties with great appeal. The office centre is the core functional area of the project. The design fully embraces the terrain and subtly highlights its two landscape belts which stretch from west to THE ECOLOGICAL TRIANGLE - CREATING A SUSTAINABLE PUBLIC PARK Jining, Shandong Province Logon Architecture east riverbanks. The functional areas within the site are surrounded by a simple yet open landscape. Pedestrian walkways and water components neatly meander throughout the greenery, while the west-east directed canal forms generous lake surface and plaza space. North-south sidewalks and irregular roads define diversified plaza spaces which enable people to take in the view of the green space from different angles, also serving as a communication, recreation and resting spot. Earth Management Concept Temporary landscape design was necessary for the lower section of the property, where a large underground parking area is planned. To ease future development, the ground level is 2.8 metres lower than the surrounding roads to form a sloped open space. The excavated earth is moved to the perimeter of the site which helps to keep the land smooth and ensures adequate earth management at the same time. Aerial View Rendering Site Area: 232,000m2 Completion Time: 2007 Designer: Logon Architecture Photographer: Logon Architecture 鸟瞰效果图 占地面积：232000平方米 建成时间：2007年 景观设计：罗昂建筑设计咨询有限公司 摄影师：罗昂建筑设计咨询有限公司 山东省 济宁市 罗昂建筑设计咨询有限公司 三角生态绿地——创造可持续公共绿地 096
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Sustainable Ecological Water System Concept The plant purifying system both purifies and facilitates water circulation. The system is fully integrated into the landscape design. The ecological park water purifying system is both sustainable and allows the visitors to enjoy it as a water feature. Rain water is collected in two ways: the rainwater in the streets is collected into the reservoir thanks to rainwater recipient pipes, and is later integrated into the circulation system after being processed by the ecological water purifying system. Water components and lakes within the park are directed to exterior water reservoirs, where the water is recycled into the plant purifying water system after collection. Botanical Concept The design fully respects local plant characteristics within the landscape – the diversity of plants being only one of the aspects taken into consideration. Indeed, much effort is placed on ecology, compatibility and good growth conditions of the plants. Tall trees and multi-layered shrubs enclose a green landscape platform at the site's perimeter. White bark pine, comus alba and other winter plants as well as some hardwood with elegant tree forms alter the landscape with the seasons. For the inner space structure, multiple types of domestic trees are used to divide the areas and guide the general public. Diverse flowering plants will be planted on a large scale, together with layered arbor groups and open lawns, thus creating a viewing space. Pyrus bretschneideri, clove and cherry blossom make the plaza into a flowery space despite a high density of people. June grass reaches all the way to the water's edge with hygrophytes alongside the waterbank -true harmonisation of the overall landscape style. Functional Zoning Tree matrix plaza: the water in the pedestrian space helps to form an elegant atmosphere which attracts people to visit the canal; suitable for morning exercises and large performances alike. The tree matrix in the plaza provides areas with shade for those desiring rest, while the curved stone benches direct the inquisitive visitor’s gaze from the plaza onto the open lake. The lake close to the plaza is situated at the “head” of the water and green area which is also the starting point of the pedestrian walkways at the north and south sides in the park. A big lake surface is created by using the original elevation difference and partial excavation which will later be 2 098
divided by wooden platforms and intersecting bridges. A series of landscape platforms are formed to provide open views onto the business centre. Fountain Plaza Another plaza at the west of the property is equipped with the same functions as in the east plaza while the natural river landscape becomes an advantage to this plaza. Aligned fountains and pavement patterns drag the visitor's gaze from the recreation area to the surrounding natural river. Brook Plaza At the north section of the property, water is transformed into natural streams bonding with both natural and ecological water purifying systems. This not only ensures the cleanliness of the water but also creates natural landscaping effects. The surrounding walkways are temporarily widened with striped stone benches providing a viewing area onto the waterscape. Sloped Plaza The temporary landscape design concept is coherent with the overall design style of the project. Taking into consideration later maintenance and easy demolition, plants were chosen as main landscaping elements. The temporary landscape area is located at the lower part of the central site of which the general ground level is 2.8 metres lower than the surrounding roads, a sloped open space is therefore created where the sloped lawn, ramps and stairs provide a series of leisure areas for visitors. The east section is the extension of the taiji plaza while the west section is the concentrated area including dense woods. Open lawns are mainly used in the central landscape as part of the major recreation area. Plants are organised in varied density and the north-south roads closely link the temporary site to the general site design. Three different designs are applied to solve the elevation difference between the temporary site and the surrounding area: • Stair landscaping: stair landscaping is used at the southern part of the temporary site. Combined with the elevation difference, the platforms enrich the vertical landscaping space. • Steps: steps are used at the joints of the surrounding roads as a remedy to the elevation difference. The steps allow for easy pedestrian access. • Ramp greening: ramp greening is applied at the north-west side of the temporary site by having a 17-angled ramp at the point of elevation difference. The ramps are covered with grass, again providing a resting platform for visitors. 099