(2) We saw the street artist drawing for people. 我們看到街頭藝人幫人們畫畫。
（受詞 the street artist 與後面動詞 draw 為主動關係且強調動作正在發生，
用現在分詞 Ving）
(3) John noticed some of his mangoes stolen. John 注意到有些芒果被偷了。
（受詞 some of his mangoes 與後面動詞 steal 為被動關係，故用過去分詞 P.P.）
小試身手
重 組：a beggar / money / begging for / I saw / on the street
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我們聽到從冰箱不斷傳來奇怪的聲音。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
I saw a beggar begging for money on the street.
We heard a strange sound constantly coming from the refrigerator.
3. 連綴動詞
說明：「連綴動詞」與上述的「感官動詞」常令人混淆，簡單來說：連綴動詞是外界人事物給我們
的感受，如：這朵看起來很鮮豔；而感官動詞則是強調我們感官主動去聽、主動去看、主動
去感覺等等。常見的連綴動詞，後接形容詞，除了 Be 動詞外，尚有：
look, sound, feel, taste, smell 表「…起來…」
seem, appear 表「似乎…」
remain, stay, keep 表「保持著…」
get, become, go, turn, grow 表「變得…」
例句：
(1) This pie looks delicious. 這派看起來很可口。
(2) The soda tastes like water. 這汽水嚐起來像白開水。
（表「…起來…」的連綴動詞，可後加 like + 名詞）
(3) I’m turning 18. 我快要滿 18 歲了。
試比較 感官動詞 連綴動詞
看 look at look
聽 hear; listen to sound
感覺 feel
聞 smell
148
小試身手
重 組：remain calm / in a game / has to / at the key moment / A key player
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這塊牛排聞起來很棒，但嚐起來卻不美味。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
A key player has to remain calm at the key moment in a game.
This steak smells good but it doesn’t taste delicious.
4. 授與動詞
說明：「授與動詞」是指一方給予，另一方接受的動詞，通常後面先接人再接物；若要先接物，則
要另加一個介系詞才能接人。即：授與動詞 + 人 + 物；或授與動詞 + 物 + 介係詞 + 人。
與介係詞 from 連用 borrow
與介係詞 for 連用 get, buy, choose, make, bring
與介係詞 to 連用 give, offer, send, teach, sell, write, show, lend, bring
例句：
(1) Could you lend me a spoon? 你可以借我一支湯匙嗎?
= Could you lend a spoon to me?
(2) Fred bought me a comic book. Fred 買一本漫畫書送我。
= Fred bought a comic book for me.
小試身手
重 組：from you / on the cake / borrow a lighter / to light the candles / Could I
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：在獄中的這男子每隔三天會寫一封信給老婆。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Could I borrow a lighter from you to light the candles on the cake?
The man in prison writes a letter to his wife every three days.
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Unit 3
1. stop/remember/forget
說明：這三個動詞，後加 Ving 或 to V 意思不同，請見例句說明。
例句：
(1) He stopped eating. Vs. He stopped to eat.
他不吃了。 Vs. 他停下原本在做的事，而去吃東西。
(2) She remembered taking the medicine. Vs. She remembered to take the medicine.
她記得已經吃過藥了。 Vs. 她記得要去吃藥。
(3) I forgot calling you back. Vs. I forgot to call you back.
我忘記有回撥電話給你。 Vs. 我忘記要回撥電話給你。
小試身手
重 組：the rude words / to his mother / stop thinking about / he had said / Xavier couldn’t
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我記得見過這女子，但我無法想起她的名字。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Xavier couldn’t stop thinking about the rude words he had said to his mother.
I remember meeting the woman but I couldn’t recall her name.
2. V + to V/Ving
說明：這一類動詞（like, love, prefer, continue, start, begin, hate 等），後加 Ving 或 to V，意思幾乎沒
有差異。
例句：
(1) Jeff loves singing (= to sing) while he is taking a bath. Jeff 喜歡洗澡時唱歌。
(2) Daphane started learning (= to learn) French this week. Daphane 這周開始學法文。
小試身手
重 組：health is / how important / My grandmother / emphasize / loves to
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我喜歡在網路上張貼與分享我的照片。 (108)
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
My grandmother loves to emphasize how important health is.
I like to post and share my pictures on the Internet.
150
3. V + Ving
說明：這一類動詞，後面若加另一個動詞，只能用 Ving 形式。國中用字：mind, enjoy, practice, spend,
mean, miss, finish, keep, quit；高職用字：imagaine（想像）、avoid（避免）、suggest（建議）、
consider（考慮）、postpone（延遲）、deny（否認）、dislike（不喜歡）、delay（延誤）、risk（冒
險）等等。
例句：
(1) Do you mind turning down the music? 你介意把音樂轉小聲嗎？
(2) She avoids going out late in the night. 她避免在深夜出門。
小試身手
重 組：talk / seeing people / full / with their mouth / I dislike
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這老人考慮尋求宗教的幫助，而非醫生的忠告。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
I dislike seeing people talk with their mouth full.
The old man considers seeking religious help, rather than a doctor’s advice.
4. 時態
now
說明：
過去完成式 過去式 現在式 未來式
S + had + P.P. S + Ved S + V/be Ving S + will/be going to V
現在簡單式（S + V）定義是：一個規律的動作或習慣、格言、事實。時間片語常搭配：every
+ 時間名詞（如：every morning）等等。
現在進行式（S + is/am/are + Ving）定義是：現在正在進行的動作或發生的事。時間片語常
搭配：(right) now；at present; at the moment 等等。
現在完成式（S + have/has + P.P.）定義是：一個過去的動作發生持續到現在（since + 時間
點或一個過去式的句子）；表一個經驗（ever, once, twice；three times）；或動作持續多久（for
+ 一段時間）。另有常搭配的時間片語：recently（最近）, so far（到目前為止）, over the past
days/weeks…（在過去的幾天/幾星期…）等等。
過去簡單式（S + Ved）定義是：過去某一個時間發生的動作、過去習慣或狀態。時間片語
常搭配：yesterday, last night/week/year; 一段時間 + ago （two hours ago）；just now（剛剛）；
the other day（前幾天）；this morning 等等。
過去進行式（S + was/were + Ving）定義是：過去某一個時間點正發生某動作；過去某一動
作發生時，另一動作發生、或兩個動作同時進行。時間片語常搭配：at that time；at 7 pm last
night 等等。
151
過去完成式（S + had + P.P.）定義是：過去的一個動作在過去某一個時間點前早就完成；
或句子裡有兩個過去的動作，先發生的動作用過去完成式，後發生的動作用過去式。
未來式（S + will/be going to + V）定義是：未來時間會發生的動作。時間片語常搭配：in the
future；next +（Monday, week, month, year）；in five days（再五天）等等。
例句：
(1) The sun sets in the west.
太陽從西邊落下。
(2) Leah is watching a talk show now.
Leah 正在看脫口秀節目。
(3) Cathy has learned French since last month.
Cathy 自從上個月就開始學法文。
(4) I have known Ronnie since we were kids.
自從我和 Ronnie 是小孩時，我就認識他了。
(5) The bridge has been built for five years.
這座橋蓋了五年了。
(6) The oil price has risen by 10% over the past month.
在過去這個月，油價已經上漲 10%。
(7) Father decided to buy me a new smartphone two days ago.
爸爸兩天前決定買新手機給我。
(8) Thomas was reading a novel at 8 pm last night.
Thomas 昨晚八點時正在看小說。
(9) Before I tried to catch the cockroach, it had run away.
在我試著在抓住這隻蟑螂之前，牠早就逃跑了。
(10) The plane will/is going to take off in ten minutes.
飛機再 10 分鐘即將起飛。
小試身手
重 組：a deadly strike / had given it / escaped, / the snake / Before the frog
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：有些學校將會帶他們的學生去動物園。 (110)
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Before the frog escaped, the snake had given it a deadly strike.
Some schools are going to take their students to a zoo.
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Unit 4 後加原形動詞
1. had better
說明：此句型的意思是「最好…」，後面所帶出的動詞要用原形動詞；否定時，只需將 not 加於 had
better 後面即可（had better not…）表達「最好不要…」。
例句：
(1) You had better see a dentist now. 你最好現在就去看牙醫。
(2) You had better not run on the wet floor. 你最好不要在濕的地面奔跑。
小試身手
重 組：to your lemon juice, / taste too sour / You had better / or it may / add some honey
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：颱風來襲時，人們最好不要去海邊。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
You had better add some honey to your lemon juice, or it may taste too sour.
People had better not go to the beach when a typhoon hits.
2. would rather V1 than V2
說明：此句型意思為「寧願…也不願…」，請注意：前後兩個動詞，因為助動詞 would 的關係，所
以都應為原形動詞。
例句：Ian would rather sleep than exercise. Ian 寧願睡覺也不願運動。
小試身手
重 組：than drive / in rush hour / to work / take the MRT / Steve would rather
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這士兵寧願投降，也不願戰死。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Steve would rather take the MRT than drive to work in rush hour.
The soldier would rather surrender than fight to death.
3. All S + have to do is + V
說明：此句型中 all 可換成 what，意思為「某人必須去做的是…」， Be 動詞後所接的動詞，常常用
原形動詞，另外，應將所作之事視為一件事，因此主要動詞（Be 動詞）需用單數。
例句：All Liz has to do is find a new job. Liz 所該做的是找一份新工作。
153
小試身手
重 組：put some clams / have to do / into the chicken soup / is / What you
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我該做的是再存個 5000 元來買我最愛的腳踏車。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
What you have to do is put some clams into the chicken soup.
All I have to do is save another NT$ 5000 to buy my favorite bike.
4. used to V
說明：used to 意思是「過去習慣做…或過去的一個狀態」，後面要加原形動詞。
例句：
(1) Dan used to eat a lot of junk food. Dan 過去吃很多垃圾食物。
(2) There used to be a church here. 這裡之前有一座教堂。
小試身手
重 組：through the internet now / communicate by letters, / but they do so / used to / People
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這咖啡店以前曾是舊的火車車廂。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
People used to communicate by letters, but they do so through the internet now.
This coffee shop used to be an old train coach.
5. have no choice but to V
說明：這句型有「沒有其他選擇，只好…」的意思，其中，choice 可換成 option, alternative 等等。
例句：Wendy has no choice but to quit. Wendy 別無選擇只好辭職。
小試身手
重 組：but to accept / nowhere to find / Lisa had no choice / the fact that / her dog was
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這些大象別無選擇只好拋下那隻生病的大象。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Lisa had no choice but to accept the fact that her dog was nowhere to find.
The elephants had no choice but to leave the sick one behind.
154
Unit 5 後加動名詞
1. have trouble Ving
說明：此句型意思為「在…有困難」，trouble 可換成 difficulty, problems, a hard time。因為 trouble 後
面省略 in，所以後接的動詞要改為動名詞。
例句：The man has trouble getting out of his bed. 這男子下床有困難。
小試身手
重 組：the light bulb / replacing / had difficulty / without a ladder / Nick
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Thomas 因為沒有牙齒，所以他咀嚼食物有困難。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Nick had difficulty replacing the light bulb without a ladder.
Thomas has trouble chewing food because he doesn’t have teeth.
2. when it comes to Ving/N
說明：此句型意思為「當談論到…時」，其中 to 為介係詞，因此需後接名詞或動名詞。
例句：
(1) When it comes to basketball, Hill is the best in my class.
當談論到籃球時，Hill 是我們班上最強的。
(2) When it comes to cooking, Ashley is as good as a chef.
當談論到烹飪，Ashley 就跟主廚一樣厲害。
小試身手
重 組：a great favor / dogs always do people / When it comes / at the airport, / to finding drugs
_______________________________________________________________________
中翻英：當談論到激勵聽眾，今天的講者真的很厲害。
_______________________________________________________________________
答案：
When it comes to finding drugs at the airport, dogs always do people a great favor.
When it comes to inspiring the audience, the speaker today is really great.
3. be used to Ving/N
說明：此句型意思是「現在習慣於…」= get used to，因為 to 為介係詞，所以後面必須接名詞或動
名詞。
155
例句：
(1) I’m used to the weather in Taipei. 我現在習慣台北的天氣了。
(2) Mom is used to doing yoga every morning. 媽媽每天早晨習慣做瑜珈。
小試身手
重 組：the existence of the scarecrow / of it / are used to / and not afraid / Most sparrows
_________________________________________________________________
中翻英：老實說，我現在還沒習慣上晚班。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Most sparrows are used to the existence of the scarecrow and not afraid of it.
Honestly speaking, I am not used to working night shift.
4. have fun/a good time
說明：have fun/a good time + Ving 意思為「在某事上玩得很開心」。
例句：The kids had fun playing in the sand. 這些小孩玩沙玩得很開心。
小試身手
重 組：a good time / in high school / about the times / We had / chatting over coffee
_________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這些小豬正在泥巴裡玩得很開心。
_________________________________________________________________
答案：
We had a good time chatting over coffee about the times in high school.
The little pigs are having fun playing in the mud.
5. be busy Ving
說明：be busy Ving 意思為「忙碌於某事」。
例句：Mother is busy cooking in the kitchen. 媽媽正在廚房忙著料理。
小試身手
重 組：from our roof / building a snowman / while we are / Father is busy / removing snow
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Jane 正在辦公室忙著批改學生作業。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Father is busy removing snow from our roof while we are building a snowman.
Jane is busy grading her students’ homework in the office.
156
6. can’t help + Ving
說明：本句型意思為「忍不住…/不得不…」，後接動名詞，而 can’t help but 意思也相近，但後接原
形動詞。
例句：
(1) I couldn’t help laughing when hearing the joke. 聽到這笑話我忍不住大笑。
(2) We can’t help but take a taxi home. 我們不得不搭計程車回家。
小試身手
重 組：because she couldn’t / couldn't help / opening the box / resist the temptation / Pandora
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我忍不住納悶下一部 Marvel 電影何時出來。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Pandora couldn't help opening the box because she couldn’t resist the temptation
I can’t help but wonder when the next Marvel movie will come out.
7. be worth Ving/N
說明：本句型意思為「值得…」，後接動名詞或名詞。
例句：
(1) This movie is worth watching. 這電影值得一看。
(2) Sun Moon Lake is worth a visit. 日月潭值得一遊。
小試身手
重 組：your answers / the answer sheet / It is worth / double checking / before you hand in
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我不認為這產品值得我花這錢。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
It is worth double checking your answers before you hand in the answer sheet.
I don’t think this product is worth my money.
157
Unit 6 三大子句
1. 名詞子句
說明：由疑問詞 who, where, when, what, why, which, whether, how, that 等引導出的子句（Wh- + S + V），
功能為名詞，所以名詞子句可當整個句子的主詞、受詞、及主詞補語。此句型容易出現在克
漏字大題，判斷使用哪個 Wh-疑問詞，須以後方的動詞與語意決定。
例句：
(1) We don’t know where Howard lives.
我們不知 Howard 住哪。 （由 live 聯想，使用 where）
(2) I’m wondering how tall James is and how fast he can run.
我想知道 James 多高和他可以跑多快。 （how 後可接形容詞或副詞）
(3) The news that the singer is getting married interests everyone.
這歌手要結婚的新聞使每個人感到興趣。
（that 子句可與抽象名詞形成同位格，例如：fact, message, truth, decision, advice, information,
rumor, belief, report 等）
(4) Could anyone tell me what happened here?
誰可以告訴我這裡發生甚麼事？ （若子句內主詞不明時，what 可當主詞）
(5) Who gave me this gift must know me well.
給我這禮物的人一定很了解我。 （若子句內主詞不明時，who 可當主詞）
(6) No one really cares whether you are rich or not.
沒有人真的在意你是否富有。 （whether 常與 or not 連用，or not 亦可省略）
補充學習：No matter Wh-ever S + V, S + V. 此句型可視為名詞子句的延伸，意思為「無論…」，
其中 wh-ever + S + V 用法和 wh- + S + V 一致。
例句：
(1) No matter where you go, I will follow you.
無論你去哪裡，我都會跟著你。
(2) No matter how difficult the problem is, I will try to solve it.
無論問題多難，我都會盡力解決。
小試身手
重 組：Recent / improves / regular exercise / memory and thinking skills / suggest that / studies (104)
________________________________________________________________________
people avoid / that laughing / mental illness / Studies show / can help (108)
________________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Sandy 想知道如何輕鬆地背住一個英文單字。
________________________________________________________________________
158
答案：
Recent studies suggest that regular exercise improves memory and thinking skills.
Studies show that laughing can help people avoid mental an illness.
Sandy wanted to know how to easily memorize an English word.
2. 形容詞子句
說明：由關係代名詞（關代）引導出來的子句稱為「形容詞子句」，是用來修飾/說明先行詞（先行
詞通常為名詞），具有連接詞功能亦有代名詞功能（代替先行詞）。另外，特別注意以下幾點：
用法上：主格關代 + V；受格關代 + S + V
, which 可以代替前面整個句子
若先行詞為人名、地名、獨一無二、或專有名詞，則關代前須逗點；反之，先行詞若無上
述特點，則不需逗點
在有關代的翻譯題中，“的”後面的名詞為先行詞，“的”前面的動詞或主詞加動詞，則置於
關代子句內
主格/受格關代可用 that 代替，但若關代前有介係詞或標點符號，則不可用 that 代替
例句：
(1) Jason was the man who helped me. Jason 就是幫助我的那個男子。
Jason was the man whom I helped. Jason 就是我曾幫助過的男子。
(2) The contest is coming, which makes me nervous.
比賽快要來了，這令我緊張。
(3) I’ve been to Taipei 101, which is the tallest building in Taiwan.
我曾經去過台灣最高的建築物—台北 101。
(4) 翻譯句
Tomic 借給我一本他已經看完 的 漫畫書。
步驟一：圈出「的」
步驟二：「的」後面的名詞，即為先行詞；「的」前面的主詞及動詞或動詞，
則放入關代內子句
步驟三：利用「先行詞 + 關代 + V / S + V」來判斷使用主格關代或受格關代
步驟四：判斷句子時態，並依句子的結構依序翻譯
Tomic lent me a comic book which he finished reading.
159
(5) 合併句子
Tomic went to the candy store.
The candy store is often crowded with customers.
步驟一：找兩句相同的字/詞 （為先行詞）
步驟二：利用「先行詞 + 關代 + V / S + V」
步驟三：抄寫兩句完後，最後在判斷用主格關代或受格關代
Tomic went to the candy store.
The candy store is often crowded with customers.
找出先行詞 candy store，並畫底線
Tomic went to the candy store ______ is often crowded with customers.
因為空格（關代）後為動詞 is，因此判斷為主格關代，
又因為先行詞為事物（candy store），故用關代 which 或 that
Tomic went to the candy store which/that is often crowded with customers.
小試身手
重 組：stared at / who was talking loudly / the boy /on his cellphone/ People on the bus (109)
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：你現在一直盯著看的男子是我的表弟。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
People on the bus stared at the boy who was talking loudly on his cellphone.
The man (whom/that) you are staring at is my cousin.
3. 副詞子句
說明：由副詞連接詞引導出的句子，稱為副詞子句，常見的副詞連接詞包括：although/though/even
though（雖然）；even if（即使）；when; before; after; since（自從；因為/既然）；while（當…；
而/但）；as（當…；隨著；因為；如同…）；whereas （儘管）；as soon as（一…就…）；once
（一旦）；until/till（直到）；now that（既然）；in case（萬一）；as long as（只要）；unless（除
非）；by the time（在…之前）；each time/every time（每次）等等。
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例句：
(1) Since you’re sick, you should see a doctor. （既然你都生病了，就該去看醫生。）
We’ve had some fights since we moved here. （自從我們搬到這裡，有過幾次爭執。）
★當 since 意思為 “因為/既然”，時態選擇依句意；
since 為 “自從”時，since 當句常用過去式；主要子句常用完成式。
(2) While I love outdoor activities, my brother prefers indoor ones.
我喜歡戶外活動；而我弟則偏愛室內活動。
(3) You must do as I say. 你必須照我說的來做。
(4) Lee didn’t come here until it was midnight. Lee 直到午夜才回家。
★until 常與 not 連用，意思為“直到…才…”。
補充學習：對等連接詞 and, or, but
說明：對等連接詞 and, or, but 前後所連接的詞性要一致。
例句：
(1) The singer can sing and dance.
這歌手會唱又會跳。（V and V）
(2) He is poor but happy.
他很窮但很快樂。（adj. but adj.）
(3) She may be at the library or in the bookstore.
她可能在圖書館或書局。（adv. or adv.）
小試身手
重 組：you need to / fatty and salty food / Since you have / cut down on / high blood pressure,
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我喜愛吃漢堡當早餐，而我弟偏愛三明治。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Since you have high blood pressure, you need to cut down on fatty and salty food.
I love a hamburger for my breakfast while my brother prefers a sandwich.
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Unit 7 片語
1. 不定詞片語
說明：動詞變為名詞功能的方法，可改成不定詞（to V）或動名詞（Ving），不定詞與動名詞皆可放
於句子的主詞、受詞、主詞補語等位置。
例句：
(1) Seeing is believing.
= To see is to believe.
眼見為憑。 （Seeing/To see 為主詞；believing/to believe 為主詞補語）
(2) I love to eat/eating snacks.
我喜愛吃零食。（to eat/eating 為受詞）
小試身手
重 組：the effects of / People need to / on human life / be aware of / climate change (105)
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我表姊邀請我去參加她的婚禮。 (109)
____________________________________________________________________
醫生警告抽菸有害人們的健康。 (106)
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
People need to be aware of the effects of climate change on human life.
My cousin invited me to attend her wedding.
Doctors warned that smoking is harmful to people’s health.
2. 名詞片語
說明：名詞子句（Wh- + S + V）可改為名詞片語（Wh- + to V），一樣可以當句子的主詞、受詞、主
詞補語。在克漏字大題，不管名詞子句或名詞片語，皆常考要選出哪一個 Wh-字，判斷方法：
將動詞與 Wh-字做邏輯判斷。
Wh- + S + V Wh- + to V
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例句：
(1) We are thinking about what to eat for lunch now. 我們正在想中午要吃甚麼。（受詞）
(2) How to get there is a big problem. 如何去到那裡是個大問題。（主詞）
(3) My question is when to leave. 我的問題是何時離開。（主詞補語）
小試身手
重 組：is / mission today / find food / these two ants’/ Where to
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我的同學們正在討論如何節約能源。 (107)
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Where to find food is these two ants’ mission today.
My classmates are discussing how to save/conserve energy.
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Unit 8 主動 Ving；被動 P.P.
1. 分詞構句
說明：使用連接詞連接的兩句，若兩句的主詞一致，可以省略連接詞與該句的主詞，並將動詞改為
Ving（原主詞與動詞關係為主動）或 P.P.（原主詞與動詞關係為被動）。連接詞（and, or, but,
because, so）一定要省略，其他連接詞視語意亦可保留。在克漏字大題，往往要考生選出 Ving
或 P.P.，判別方式：找逗點另一句的主詞和選項動詞的主被動關係，即可輕易選出答案。
例句：
(1) After I finished five pieces of pizza, I still felt hungry.
在我吃完五塊披薩，還是覺得餓。
(After) Finishing five pieces of pizza, I still felt hungry. （主動 Ving）
(2) Greg was not elected as class leader, and he felt a little sad.
Greg 沒被選為班長，他覺得有點難過。
Not elected as class leader, Greg felt a little sad. （被動 P.P. ）
小試身手
重 組：the little girl / out loud / Scared by / immediately cried / a barking dog,
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：他往窗外看，思考著他要如何才能成功經營一家店。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Scared by a barking dog, the little girl immediately cried out loud.
He looked out of the window, thinking about how he could successfully run a store.
2. 省略主格關代
說明：主格關代亦可省略，但後面的動詞要做變化：Ving（先行詞與動詞關係為主動）或 P.P.（先
行詞與動詞關係為被動）。
例句：
(1) I know a friend who works as a YouTuber.
我認識一個朋友是 YouTuber。
I know a friend working as a YouTuber.
(2) Kerr helped an old woman who was injured in the park.
Kerr 幫助了一個在公園受傷的老婦人。
Kerr helped an old woman injured in the park.
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小試身手
重 組：I am / by Irving Johnson / another new fiction / written / looking forward to
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這散發出惡臭的雞蛋很明顯已經壞掉一段時間了。（以省略主格關代書寫）
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
I am looking forward to another new fiction written by Irving Johnson.
This egg giving off a bad smell obvious went bad for a while.
3. find/leave/keep
說明：find/leave/keep 三字分別意思為 「發現…處於…狀態；讓…處於…狀態；讓…保持…狀態」，
接完受詞後，可用 Ving/P.P.來修飾受詞，動詞使用：Ving（受詞與動詞關係為主動）或 P.P. （受
詞與動詞關係為被動）。
例句：
(1) She left her child sleeping on the sofa. 她讓小孩在沙發上睡覺。 （主動）
(2) I found my purse stolen. 我發現皮包被偷了。 （被動）
(3) He kept me waiting for two hours. 他讓我苦等了兩個小時。 （主動）
小試身手
重 組：facing a water shortage / running like that / leave the water / because we’re / You shouldn’t
_________________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Nancy 發現她的洋娃娃被妹妹丟掉了。
_________________________________________________________________________
答案：
You shouldn’t leave the water running like that because we’re facing a water shortage.
Nancy found her doll thrown away by her sister.
4. with N Ving/P.P.
說明：此句型中，with 的功能是帶出後面受詞的狀態（Ving/P.P.），Ving：受詞與動詞關係為主動、
P.P.：受詞與動詞關係為被動。
例句：
(1) He stared at the girl with his heart beating fast.
他盯著那女孩看，心臟怦怦快速跳著。（主動）
(2) She sat there with her legs crossed.
她做在那邊，雙腿交疊。（被動）
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小試身手
重 組：lying next to us / are picnicking / We / with our dog / under a tree
______________________________________________________________
中翻英：爸爸生氣地看著我，雙手交叉著。（with…）
______________________________________________________________
答案：
We are picnicking under a tree with our dog lying next to us.
Father angrily looked at me with his arms folded.
5. V adj
說明：一般動詞可以轉變詞性成為形容詞，Ving 可表「主動、正在進行」；P.P. 則表「被動、已經
完成」。
例句：
(1) Leo is trying to catch the falling leaves. Leo 試著抓住正在掉落的葉子。
(2) Mia likes boiled eggs. Mia 喜歡水煮蛋。
小試身手
重 組：because it found / in the back yard / The dog / a buried bone / was very happy
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我們被要求不要擋下正在關上的電梯門。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The dog was very happy because it found a buried bone in the back yard.
We were asked not to stop a closing door of an elevator.
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6. V adj （情緒動詞）
說明：常見情緒動詞如下表。用法：主詞為人時，情緒動詞改為 P.P.，翻譯為「某人感到…」；若主
詞為事物，情緒動詞改為 Ving 翻譯為「令人感到…」。例外：boring, interesting 亦可修飾人。
情緒動詞 用法與搭配介係詞
Sb be interested in…
Interest（使感興趣）
Sth be interesting to sb
Sb be surprised/amazed at…
surprise/amaze（使感驚訝）
Sth be surprising/amazing to sb
Sb be shocked at/by…
shock（使感震驚）
Sth be shocking to sb
Sb be bored with…
bore（使感無聊）
Sth be boring to sb
Sb be confused about…
confuse（使感困惑）
Sth be confusing to sb
Sb be excited about…
excite（使興奮）
Sth be exciting to sb
Sb be tired from（疲累）…/of（厭煩）…
tire（使疲累）
Sth be tiring to sb
Sb be worried about…
worry（使擔心）
Sth be worrying to sb
Sb be touched/moved by
touch/move（使感動）
Sth be touching/moving to sb
Sb be scared/frightened of sth
scare/frighten（使害怕）
Sth be scary/frightening to sb
例句：
(1) We are excited about the coming of Christmas. 我們對聖誕節的來臨感到興奮。
(2) The news is exciting to us. 這消息令我們感到興奮。
(3) He is a boring man. 他是個令人感到無聊的男子。
小試身手
重 組：learning some Taiwanese / Noah is / comes to Taiwan / when he / interested in
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這電視劇是如此感人，以至於我忍不住哭了。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Noah is interested in learning some Taiwanese when he comes to Taiwan.
This TV drama is so touching that I can’t help crying.
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Unit 9 假設語氣
1. 假設語氣（與現在事實相反/與過去事實相反）
說明：假設語氣在統測英文只會考：用 if 帶出「與現在事實相反」和「與過去事實相反」，時態使
用上記得都是往後退：與現在事實相反假設語氣中，if 兩邊的動詞用過去式；與過去事實相
反假設語氣，動詞則用過去完成式，但因為有助動詞，故主要句子改為：助動詞 + have + P.P.，
如下圖箭頭所式。
過去完成式 過去式 現在式 未來式
S + had + P.P. S + Ved S + V/be Ving S + will/be going to
公式： 與現在事實相反：If S+Ved/were…, S+ should/would/could/might +V
與過去事實相反：If S+had P.P.…, S+ should/would/could/might +have P.P.
例句：
(1) If I were you, I would not do it.
如果我是你，我不會做這件事。（Be 動詞一律改為 were）
(2) If I had a lot of money, I could buy a house in Taipei.
如果我當初有很多錢，我就會在台北買一棟房子。
(3) If I had called you last night, I would have known the joyful news.
如果昨晚我有打電話給你，我就會知道這令人開心的消息。
小試身手
重 組：try my best / to find cure to the rare disease / a scientist, / I could / If I were
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：如果當初 Polly 有聽我的忠告，她就不會弄傷自己了。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
If I were a scientist, I could try my best to find cure to the rare disease.
If Polly had followed my advice, she would not have hurt herself.
2. wish/as if; as though/it is time that
說明：wish（但願）…；as if/as though（彷彿）…；It is time that（該是…的時候到了），這三個句
型後接假設語氣的句子，除了 it is time that 接與現在事實相反的假設語氣，wish；as if/as though
後，可接與現在事實相反的假設語氣及與過去事實相反的假設語氣。
例句：
(1) I wish you were here/had remembered my birthday.
我但願你現在在這裡/你當初記得我的生日。
(2) He acts as if he knew everything/as though nothing had happened.
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他表現地彷彿他知道每件事/當初沒發生任何事。
(3) It is time that you got ready for school.
該是你準備該上學的時候了。
小試身手
重 組：acts / he could read / as if / The three-year-old kid / my mind
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：他但願當初有個助理來安排他的行程。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The three-year-old kid acts as if he could read my mind.
He wishes that he had had an assistant to arrange his schedule.
3. should have P.P.
說明：我們可以利用助動詞（should, would, could, might, must）+ have P.P. 來表達對過去的推測，
如下表：
should have P.P. 過去應該…卻沒… would have P.P. 過去會…卻沒…
could have P.P. 過去能夠…卻沒… might have P.P. 過去可能…卻沒…
must have P.P. 過去一定…
例句：
(1) I should have told her I loved her. 我當初應該跟她說我愛她的。
(2) It must have rained here. 剛剛這裡一定有下過雨。
(3) He could not have succeeded without your help. 當初沒你的幫忙，他是不會成功的。
小試身手
重 組：the gas, / have turned off / nearly led to a fire / which / Eve should
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：你當初本能夠對工作更負責的。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Eve should have turned off the gas, which nearly led to a fire.
You could have been more responsible for your work.
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4. suggest that S + (should) + V
說明：suggest（建議）後接的名詞子句 that S + V，常常省略助動詞 should，因此不管子句中 S 的
單複數或人稱，V需用原形動詞。另外，尚有其他類似動詞亦有相同用法：命令：order, command；
建議：advise, recommend, propose；要求：ask, require, request；堅持：insist 等等。
例句：
(1) He suggested that I (should) see an eye doctor. 他建議我要去看眼科醫師。
(2) She insisted that you (should) give her a call. 她堅持你要打電話給她。
小試身手
重 組：order today’s special / recommended that / should / I / The waitress
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：媽媽堅持我們外出時要戴口罩並勤洗手。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The waitress recommended that I should order today’s special.
Mom insisted that we should wear face masks and frequently wash our hands when going out.
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Unit 10 it
1. 虛主詞 it is…that…
說明：虛主詞 it 可代替原本可能過長的主詞，讓整個句子看起來不會頭重腳輕，常見句型為：
It is adj. (for sb) to V. (it 代替 to V) （因為 adj.修飾 to V，因此用 for sb）
It is adj. (of sb) to V. (it 代替 to V) （因為 adj.修飾 sb，因此用 of sb）
It is adj. (for sb) that S + V. （it 代替 that S + V）
例句：
(1) It was exciting for us to hear the news. 聽到這消息真令我們興奮。
(2) It is kind of you to help me. 你人真好這樣幫我。
(3) It is surprising that the kid can jump so high. 這小孩可以跳這麼高真是令人訝異。
小試身手
重 組：a world-famous circus / to town / It is exciting / is coming / that
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：獵人為了熊掌而獵殺熊實在很殘忍。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
It is exciting that a world-famous circus is coming to town.
It is cruel of hunters to kill a bear for its paw.
2. 虛主詞 it is P.P. that…
說明：本句型為虛主詞句型延伸，可以將原本公式中的 adj.，改為一些動詞的 P.P.，常見的有 thought、
said、reported、believed、expected、decided、rumored 等等。
例句：
(1) It is said that Danny is going to get married. 據說 Danny 要結婚了。
(2) It is thought that dogs are people’s best friends. 一般認為狗狗是人們最好的朋友。
= Dogs are thought to be people’s best friends.
（可以把 that 後的主詞移到句首，並將子句改為不定詞）
小試身手
重 組：is going to adopt lockdown / reported that / It is / due to COVID-19/ this city
____________________________________________________________________
171
中翻英：據信新字容易在網路上被創造出來。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
It is reported that this city is going to adopt lockdown due to COVID-19.
It is believed that new words are easily created on the Internet.
3. 強調句 it…that…
說明：本句型可以強調原本句子中的主詞、受詞、地點、時間等等，只要把這些要強調的部分放置
於 it is（was）後方即可。若強調人，亦可用 who 代替 that。
例句：Betty 昨晚在 IG 貼出一張自拍照。
Betty posted a selfie on Instagram last night.
It was Betty that/who posted a selfie on Instagram last night.
It was a selfie that Betty posted on Instagram last night.
It was on Instagram that Betty posted a selfie last night.
It was last night that Betty posted a selfie on Instagram.
小試身手
重 組：won the championship / that our team finally / through teamwork / and constant practice / It is
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：正是這藥讓我不再咳嗽。 （以強調句書寫）
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
It is through teamwork and constant practice that our team finally won the championship.
It was the medicine that stopped me from coughing.
4. 虛受詞 it find it… to V/that S + V
說明：it 除了可當虛主詞，也可當虛受詞，真正的受詞為整個不定詞片語（to V）或 that 子句（that
S + V），it 後可接形容詞或名詞，來當受詞補語。常見動詞除了 find、feel（覺得），另有：
consider、think（認為）、believe（相信）、make（讓…變得…）。
例句：
(1) We found it hard to communicate with my boss.
我們覺得很難和老闆溝通。
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(2) I think it convenient to travel around the city by bus.
我認為搭公車在這城市旅遊很方便。
(3) Ron considered it an impossible mission that he danced on stage.
Ron 認為在台上跳舞是件不可能達成的任務。
小試身手
重 組：with LINE app / to communicate with / found it easy / her friends / My grandmother
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我認為在別人需要幫助的時候給予幫助是件樂事。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
My grandmother found it easy to communicate with her friends with LINE app.
I consider it a joy to give people a hand when they’re in need.
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Unit 11 比較
1. as…as…
說明：as…as…意思為「和…一樣…」，用法為：如果動詞為 Be-V 或連綴動詞，兩個 as 中間為形容
詞；若動詞為一般動詞，兩個 as 中間則為副詞。
例句：
(1) He looks as tall as Fred. 他看起來和 Fred 一樣高。
(2) Helen is as beautiful as her mother. Helen 和她媽媽一樣漂亮。
(3) Vince sings as well as a singer. Vince 唱得和歌手一般好。
小試身手
重 組：as naughty as / in the kindergarten / My little daughter / any other kid / is
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這新藥的效果並不如舊藥來的有效。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
My little daughter is as naughty as any other kid in the kindergarten.
This new medicine doesn’t work as effectively as the old one.
2. 倍數 as…as
說明：利用 as…as 的句型，可以造出倍數句型，只要將倍數（twice 兩倍、three times 三倍、four times
四倍等等）置於 as…as 前面即可。另外，此句型亦可替換為「倍數 + 比較級 than」。
例句：This road is twice as wide as that one. 這條路是那條路的兩倍寬。
= This road is twice wider than that one.
小試身手
重 組：as sweet as / two times / is / the strawberry / This tangerine
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這政客賺的錢是我的三倍。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
This tangerine is two times as sweet as the strawberry.
The politician makes three times as much money as I do.
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3. No other N…as…as…
說明：此句型意思為「沒有其他…和…一樣…」，可表達最高級的含意。特別注意：No other 後接
的名詞為單數名詞，而 as…as…的用法如先前句型。
例句：No other student is as smart as Leon.
沒有其他學生和 Leon 一樣聰明。 （Leon is the smartest student.）
小試身手
重 組：this one in India / No other / palace / as magnificent as / is
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：沒有其他的電視節目和 Jackie 主持的一樣好笑。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
No other palace is as magnificent as this one in India.
No other TV program is as funny as the one Jackie hosts.
4. 形容詞比較級/最高級
說明：
使用時機 單音節 多音節 搭配
形容詞 adj.-er more adj. than N
兩者間的比較
比較級 of the two
the adj.-est the most of all time（空前）
形容詞
三者以上間的比較 adj. among N
最高級
地點
例句：
(1) I am thinner than you. 我比你瘦。
(2) This house is much more expensive than mine. 這棟房子比我的房子還多貴了。
（much, even, far, a lot, a little 等可以強調比較級，常考在克漏字）
(3) The blue whale is by far the largest animal in the world. 藍鯨是世界上最大隻的動物。
（by far 可以強調最高級）
(4) Nancy is the most beautiful among the girls. Nancy 是這群女孩子中最漂亮的。
小試身手
重 組：more complex / mine / is / than / Cain’s email password
____________________________________________________________________
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中翻英：Alice 是我見過最情緒化的人。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Cain’s email password is more complex than mine.
Alice is the most emotional person that I’ve ever seen.
5. 副詞比較級/最高級
說明：
使用時機 大部分皆規則變化 字尾-er/-est 搭配
副 詞
兩者間的比較 more + adv. than N
比較級 early, late, hard,
fast, long, high, of all time（空前）
副 詞
三者以上間的比較 the most + adv. soon, near among N
最高級
地點
例句：
(1) Tim’s plan worked more effectively than Anna’s.
Tim 的計畫比 Anna 的計畫更可行。
(2) Tim’s plan worked the most effectively among all plans.
Tim 的計畫在所有計畫中最可行。
(3) Pit runs faster than me.
Pit 跑比我快。
(4) Pit runs the fastest in his school.
Pit 在他的學校跑得最快。
小試身手
重 組：any other member / than / more slowly / in the family / Grandpa speaks
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這新的服務生是這家海鮮餐廳工作最努力地。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Grandpa speaks more slowly than any other member in the family.
The new waiter works the hardest in the seafood restaurant.
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6. The 比較級 + S + V, the 比較級 + S + V
說明：此句型表「越…，就會越…」，可以是形容詞或副詞比較級，判斷方式需依後方動詞做依據：
如果動詞為 Be-V 或連綴動詞，用形容詞比較級（理由：Be-V 或連綴動詞原本後接形容詞）；
若動詞為一般動詞則用副詞比較級（理由：副詞修飾一般動詞）；另外，如果動詞為及物動
詞，亦有 the + 比較級 + N 的可能，請見例句。而在上下文語意夠清楚時，S + V 可省略。
例句：
(1) The more, the better.
多多益善。
(2) The older we grow, the weaker we are.
我們越老，越虛弱。（以 grow older；are weaker 聯想）
(3) The more junk food people eat, the more likely they will become fat.
人們吃越多的垃圾食物，就越可能變胖。（以 eat more junk food; likely become fat 聯想）
小試身手
重 組：the more likely / will be attracted / a male peacock is, / a female one / The more beautiful
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：你越規律運動，你就會越健康。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The more beautiful a male peacock is, the more likely a female one will be attracted.
The more regularly you exercise, the healthier you can be.
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Unit 12 倒裝
1. 倒裝句（否定副詞/only）
說明：否定副詞（如：not until, not only, never, scarcely, rarely, hardly, seldom, little 等等）或 only + 介
係詞片語及 only + 副詞子句，擺句首時，其後的主詞與動詞需倒裝。若原句的動詞為 Be 動
詞，主詞與 Be 動詞直接倒裝；若原句的動詞為一般動詞，則須借用符合該時態的助動詞。
否定副詞 Be-V + S
助動詞 + S + V
only + 介係詞片語 Be-V + S
only + 副詞子句 助動詞 + S + V
例句：
(1) He is seldom late for work.
Seldom is he late for work.
他很少上班遲到。
(2) She hardly finished her dinner.
Hardly did she finish her dinner.
她幾乎無法吃完晚餐。
(3) Not until midnight did I know that my dog was missing.
直到午夜我才知道我的狗走失了。
(4) Not only can she swim, but she is also good at dancing.
她不但會游泳，而且跳舞也跳很好。
(5) Only at night do most owls go out and hunt.
只有在夜晚大部分的貓頭鷹外出獵食。
小試身手
重 組：but he / diligent / is Andy, / is also cooperative / Not only
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Aaron 在課堂中絕不會猶豫舉手問問題。（Never…）
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Not only is Andy diligent, but he is also cooperative.
Never does Aaron hesitate to raise his hand to ask questions in class.
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2. 地方副詞擺句首
說明：地方副詞（away, here, there, etc）或地方副詞片語（in the house, on the floor, etc）可擺句首以
強調地點。若主詞為一般名詞則須與動詞倒裝，若為代名詞，則無需倒裝。特別注意：此句
型倒裝時，不須借用助動詞。試與否定詞擺句首時倒裝做比較。
地方副詞 Be-V/V + S（一般名詞）
地方副詞片語 S（代名詞）+ Be-V/V
例句：
(1) Here comes the bus. 公車來了。
(2) There you are. 拿去吧。
(3) On the island they live. 他們住在島上。
小試身手
重 組：with / only one eye / In the old castle / an old man / lived
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：屋頂上躺著一隻正在舔毛的貓咪。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
In the old castle lived an old man with only one eye.
On the roof lay a cat which is licking its fur.
3. so/nor/neither 擺句首
說明：so 表示肯定的 “也”；nor 及 neither 則可表達否定的“也”，這三字在句首時，後面皆需倒裝，
參照前一句的動詞，若前一句動詞為 Be-V 則後面用 Be-V；若前一句為一般動詞，須借用符
合該時態的助動詞。
So Be-V + S
Nor/Neither 助動詞 + S + V
例句：
(1) He was hurt, and so were you. 他受傷了。你也是。
(2) She hasn’t been to Taiwan. Nor/Neither have we. 他沒去過台灣。我們也沒有。
小試身手
重 組：this area, / are you / familiar with / and neither / I’m not
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Ryan 在午睡之後覺得精力充沛，而我也是。(…and so…)
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
I’m not familiar with this area, and neither are you.
Ryan felt energetic after a nap, and so did I.
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4. Adj/N + as/though 的倒裝
說明：在 as/though 子句中，可將形容詞、名詞、副詞、動詞移到句首，表強調，意思為：“雖然…
但是…”。
例句：
(1) Though he was sad, he still forced a smile in front of us.
Sad though he was, he still forced a smile in front of us.
雖然他很難過，他在我們面前仍硬擠出笑容。
(2) As she tried hard, she failed the math test.
(As) Hard as she tried, she failed the math test.
雖然她盡力嘗試，她數學考試仍不及格。 （第一個 as 可省略）
(3) Though Xavier is a child, he knows a lot about Taiwan’s history.
Child though Xavier is, he knows a lot about Taiwan’s history.
雖然 Xavier 是個小孩，他懂很多台灣的歷史。 （單數名詞需省略 a）
小試身手
重 組：he still insists on / though / driving his car home / Samuel is, / Drunk
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：雖然說 Olivia 很生氣，但她還是避免跟我說些不禮貌的話。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Drunk though Samuel is, he still insists on driving his car home.
Angry as Olivia was, she still avoided saying something rude to me.
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Unit 13
1. 轉承詞
說明：轉承詞的詞性為「副詞」， 因此不可用轉承詞與逗點，來連接前後兩句；應將逗點改成分號
或句點才正確，或另加連接詞；此外，轉承詞為每年統測克漏字必考題，判斷方式為：仔細
閱讀上下兩句，並依語意與邏輯判斷該使用哪一種轉承詞，常見轉承詞如下：
表「因 此」 therefore; thus; hence; accordingly; as a result; consequently; in consequence
表「此 外」 besides; in addition; additionally; also; moreover; furthermore; what’s more
表「轉 折」 however; yet; still; instead; nevertheless; nonetheless
表「事 實 上」 in fact; actually; in reality; as a matter of fact
表「舉 例」 for instance; for example
表「同 樣 地」 similarly; likewise; in the same/similar way
表「對 比」 in contrast; on the contrary; on the other hand
表「換句話說」 in other words; that is; that is to say
例句：Nick 昨天生病，因此他請病假。
Nick was sick yesterday, thus, he took sick leave. ( )
Nick was sick yesterday; thus, he took sick leave. ( )
Nick was sick yesterday. Thus, he took sick leave. ( )
小試身手
重 組：however, / optimistic / Mason lost / he remained / tonight’s chess contest;
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Donnie 扭傷了腳踝；因此，他現在走路有問題。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Mason lost tonight’s chess contest; however, he remained optimistic.
Donnie twisted his ankle; therefore, he has difficulty walking now.
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2. 關係副詞（where/when/why）
說明：常見的關係副詞 where, when, why，是由介係詞 + 受格關代 which 而來，如下表所示，另外，
先行詞若為獨一無二、專有名詞、地名等，則關係副詞前須加逗點。
先行詞 關係副詞 後接
地點（in the market, at the school, on the ground 等） where
時間（in the year, in the week 等） when S + V
原因（reason 等） why
例句：
(1) This is the year when I got married. 這一年我結婚。
(2) Berry went to NTU, where he met his old flame. Berry 去了台大，在那裏他遇見舊情人。
(3) Tell me the reason why you didn’t show up. 告訴我妳沒有現身的原因。
小試身手
重 組：when / 1985 was / was constructed / this stadium / the year
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我們住在這人們都很友善和慷慨的小鎮。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
1985 was the year when this stadium was constructed.
We live in this town where people are friendly and generous.
3. 列舉
說明：
兩者 one… the other…
三者 one… another… the other…
三者以上（無限定） some… others… still others…
三者以上（有限定） some of … the others…
例句：
(1) I have two brothers. One is Henry. The other is Potter.
我有兩個兄弟。一個是 Henry，另一個為 Potter。
(2) He has three highlighters. One is pink; another is yellow; the other is orange.
他有三個三支螢光筆。一支是粉紅色；另一支是黃色；最後一支是橘色。
(3) There are many flowers in the garden. Some are roses, others are lilies, and still others are
sunflowers.
花園裡很多花。有些是玫瑰花；有些是百合；還有一些是向日葵。
(4) Some of the smartphones work well; the others are out of order.
這些手機有些運作正常，其餘的則壞了。
182
小試身手
重 組：the passengers / the others were / were safe; / severely injured / Some of
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這本小說被翻譯成三種語言。一種是中文；另一種是德文；還有一種是日文。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Some of the passengers were safe; the others were severely injured.
This novel was translated into three languages. One is Chinese; another is German; the other is Japanese.
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Unit 14
1. so…that/such…that
說明：so…that…與 such…that…的意思皆為「如此…以至於…」。用法如下表：
be
adj
連綴動詞 so that S + V
V adv.
be/V such N. that S + V
例句：
(1) He was so tired that he fell asleep soon.
他是如此的累，以至於很快就睡著了。
(2) She ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up.
她跑的如此快，以至於我無法跟上。
(3) This is such a great movie that many people have seen it.
這是一部如此好的電影，以至於很多人都看過。
小試身手
重 組：that he was able to / a big puzzle / put together / so patient / The man was
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：蟑螂是如此可怕的昆蟲以至於大部分女生都害怕牠們。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The man was so patient that he was able to put together a big puzzle.
The cockroach is such a frightening insect that most girls fear them.
2. so that/in order that
說明：so that 與 in order that 意思皆為「以便…」。 that 後接的句子通常有助動詞 can, could, will, would。
本句型可與 to, in order to V 或 so as to V 替換，請見例句。
例句：他熬夜到很晚以便可以完成他的研究專案。
He stayed up late so that he could finish his research project.
= He stayed up late in order to/so as to finish his research project.
184
小試身手
重 組：mentally and physically healthy / in a good mood / We should often stay / we can be / so that
___________________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我下載了一款字彙應用程式以便來複習單字。
___________________________________________________________________________
答案：
We should often stay in a good mood so that we can be mentally and physically healthy.
I downloaded a vocabulary app so as to review words.
3. enough to V
說明：本句型意思為「足夠…以至於能…」，若句子動詞為 Be-V 或連綴動詞，enough 前用 adj.，若
為一般動詞，則用 adv.。
例句：
(1) She is strong enough to lift the box. 她夠強壯可以抬得起這箱子。
(2) He jumps high enough to dunk. 他跳夠高可以灌籃。
小試身手
重 組：attractive / increase sales / enough to / is / Our makeup advertisement
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這條路夠滑可以導致人們滑倒。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Our makeup advertisement is attractive enough to increase sales.
This road is slippery enough to cause people to slip.
4. too…to…
說明：本句型意思為「太…而不能…」，用法如下圖：
Be-V/連綴動詞 adj
too to V
一般動詞 adv.
例句：
(1) It is never too old to learn.
活到老學到老。
(2) It looks too difficult for me to get it done.
這件事對於我而言看起來太難而不能做好。
(3) The team performed too poorly to get to the second round.
這隊伍表現得太差而不能進入到第二輪。
185
小試身手
重 組：to believe that / at the risk of collapse / is too optimistic / his firm is / Mr. Chen
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這台市內公車對於我而言太擠了以致無法上車。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Mr. Chen is too optimistic to believe that his firm is at the risk of collapse.
This city bus is too crowded for me to get on.
5. either…or…/neither…nor…
說明：either…or…意思為「不是…就是…」；neither… nor…意思則為「不是…也不是…」，所連接
的字或詞，詞性需對等。
例句：
(1) You can choose either a hamburger or French fries.
你可以選擇漢堡或薯條。 （either N. or N.）
(2) He is neither angry nor disappointed.
= He is not either angry or disappointed.
他不生氣也不失望。 （neither adj. nor adj. ）
小試身手
重 組：too humid and chilly / or / either too hot / is / The weather in this city
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：我們新老闆看起來既不真誠也不友善。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The weather in this city is either too hot or too humid and chilly.
Our new boss looks neither sincere nor friendly.
6. not only…but also…
說明：本句型意思為「不但…而且…」，前後連接的字詞，詞性需對等。also 可省略。
例句：
(1) She is not only tall but also beautiful.
她不但高挑而且漂亮。 （not only adj. but also adj.）
186
(2) He not only smiled at me but also waved at me.
他不但對我笑，而且對我招招手。 （not only V. but also V.）
小試身手
重 組：but also differences / between these two words / not only the similarities / told me / Jacob
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：她在看電影期間不但覺得感動而且還哭了。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Jacob told me not only the similarities but also differences between these two words.
She not only felt touched but also cried during the movie.
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Unit 15
1. that of/those of
說明：為了避免重複，that 可代替前面句子所提過的單數名詞，而 those 代替複數名詞；of 可換成
其他適當的介係詞。此句型常與比較級句型一起使用。
例句：
(1) The size of a male peacock is bigger than that of a female peacock.
公孔雀的體型比起母孔雀還來的大。
(2) The pictures on the wall are older than those in the album.
牆上的照片比相簿裡的還要舊。
小試身手
重 組：more crime than / in the country / those / commit / The gangs in a big city
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這演講的主題和劉博士的主題相似。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The gangs in a big city commit more crime than those in the country.
The topic of this speech is similar to that of Dr. Liu’s.
2. To one’s 情緒名詞, S + V.
說明：此句型意思為「令人感到…」，常見情緒名詞有：delight（高興）、 relief（鬆一口氣）、 satisfaction
（滿意）、horror（恐懼）、sorrow（難過）、regret（後悔）、sadness（傷心）、disappointment
（失望）、amazement（驚訝）、surprise（驚訝）、embarrassment（尷尬）等等。
例句：To my delight, my new book sold like hot cakes.
令我高興的是，我的新書熱賣。
小試身手
重 組：has claimed / than we expected / more lives / COVID-19/ To our sorrow,
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：令 Kelly 高興的是，她的男朋友找到一家科技公司的工作。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
To our sorrow, COVID-19 has claimed more lives than we expected.
To Kelly’s delight, her boyfriend found a job in a technology company.
188
3. 感嘆句
說明：以 what 與 how 引導的句子為感嘆句，並加上驚嘆號，用法如下：
What N 備註：
S + V!
How Adj./Adv. 若上下文與義清楚，S + V 可省略。
例句：
(1) What a beautiful day it is! 今天天氣真好！
= How beautiful a day it is!
(2) What stinky dogs they are! 牠們是多麼臭的狗啊！
（注意：stinky dogs 為名詞，故用 what，而非 how）
(3) How nice! 多棒啊！
小試身手
重 組：just dragged in / garbage / smelly / the cat / What
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：這魔術師的魔術戲法是多麼不可思議！
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
What smelly garbage the cat just dragged in!
How unbelievable the magician’s magic tricks are!
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Unit 16
1. On/Upon Ving, S + V.
說明：本句型是由 As soon as/The minute/The moment S + V, S + V. （一…就…）而來，當兩邊的主
詞相同時，可以用本句型代替。
例句：
As soon as she saw a birthday day gift, Oliver couldn’t help smiling.
= On seeing a birthday day gift, Oliver couldn’t help smiling.
一看到生日禮物，Oliver 忍不住笑了。
小試身手
重 組：pull over / before driving again /drivers should / and rest for a while / On feeling sleepy,
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：一發現書包裡的一封情書，Rita 馬上臉紅。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
On feeling sleepy, drivers should pull over and rest for a while before driving again.
On discovering a love letter in her schoolbag, Rita blushed right away.
2. instead of/instead
說明：instead of 為介系詞片語，意思是「而不是…；取代…」；instead 為副詞，意思為「反而；相
反地」。
例句：
He is watching TV, instead of using his smartphone.
他正在看電視，而不是使用手機。
= He is not using his smartphone. Instead, he is watching TV.
他沒在使用手機。相反地，他在看電視。
小試身手
重 組：a second-hand furniture store / Instead of / Peter went to / buying / a new sofa,
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Sammy 沒有外出吃晚餐。相反地，她使用外送服務。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Instead of buying a new sofa, Peter went to a second-hand furniture store.
Sammy didn’t go out for dinner. Instead, she used food delivery service.
190
3. not A but B
說明：本句型意思為「不是 A 而是 B」，A 與 B 詞性需對等。
例句：What I want is not wealth but health. 我要的不是財富，而是健康。
小試身手
重 組：was not / but a steamed fish / I ordered / a roast chicken / What
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：成功主要的關鍵不是運氣，而是努力。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
What I ordered was not a roast chicken but a steamed fish.
The main key to success is not luck but hard work.
4. 雙重否定
說明：雙重否定，即句子裡有兩個否定詞，通常為 not/never/no 搭配介係詞 without（沒有），兩個
否定詞便變成肯定含意。
例句：
(1) He never comes without bringing me a gift.
他每次來都會帶禮物給我。（never 可搭配 Be-V 或一般動詞）
(2) No one can leave without my permission.
沒有我的允許沒有人可以離開。（no 後加名詞）
(3) I could not succeed without your help.
沒有你的幫助我不會成功。（not 可搭配 Be-V 或助動詞）
小試身手
重 組：crying / never watches / this Korean drama / without / Mom
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：沒有 Google Maps 的幫助，我無法到達台南。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Mom never watches this Korean drama without crying.
I couldn’t get to Tainan without the help of Google Maps.
191
Unit 17
1. 似連接詞的片語
說明：
• 除了…以外：besides, in addition to N/Ving（語意上有包含後面的名詞或動名詞）
• 除了…以外：except N/Ving, except for N/Ving（語意上不包含後面的名詞或動名詞）
• 除了…以外：apart from, aside from（包括 in addition to 和 except 兩種含意）
• 因 為：because of, due to, owing to, on account of, thanks to, as a result of
• 為 了：in order to V, so as to V
• 為 了：with a view to Ving, with an eye to Ving
• 萬 一：in case of
• 像 / 不像：like/unlike
• 儘 管：in spite of, despite, regardless of
例句：
(1) Besides/In addition to preparing dinner, I also did some housework.
除了準備晚餐，我也做了些家事。 （試比較：besides = in addition 當副詞時）
(2) Everyone passed the exam, except (for) Jim.
除了 Jim 以外，每個人都及格。 （不包括 Jim）
(3) The car accident happened due to a dog in the middle of the road.
這場車禍因為路中間的一隻小狗才發生。
(4) Sam often buys lotteries in order to get rich/with an eye to getting rich.
Sam 為了發大財，常常買樂透。
(5) Call this number in case of emergency.
萬一有緊急狀況，打這支電話。
(6) Like his father, Justin loves playing tennis.
就像他爸爸，Justin 喜歡打網球。
(7) He wore a coat in spite of the hot weather.
儘管大熱天，他還穿大衣。
小試身手
重 組：in the economy / All governments / due to / predicted a decline / the COVID-19 pandemic (110)
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：儘管不同的個性，Ian 和我相處融洽。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
All governments predicted a decline in the economy due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In spite of different personalities, Ian and I get along well.
192
2. 數量
說明：幾乎沒有 few + 複數名詞
little + 不可數名詞
一 些 a few = some = a number of + 複數名詞（聯想：數字有很多，因此搭配複數）
a little = some = an amount of + 不可數名詞
很 多 many = a large number of = a lot of = lots of = plenty of + 複數名詞
much = a large amount of = a lot of = lots of = plenty of = a good deal of + 不可數名詞
例句：
(1) Only few people like Emma’s new hairstyle.
只有極少數人喜歡 Emma 的新髮型。
(2) I only have a little money in my pocket.
我的口袋裡只有一些錢。
(3) A large number of iguanas live along this river.
許多的綠鬣蜥棲息在這條河的沿岸。
(4) They made a good deal of noise.
他們製造大量噪音。
小試身手
重 組：a large number of / The sightseeing factory / benefits / to this area / brought
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：何小姐在工作上如此的忙，以致於她沒有太多的空閒時間。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The sightseeing factory brought a large number of benefits to this area.
Ms. Ho is so busy at work that she doesn’t much leisure time.
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Unit 18
1. consider/regard
說明：表達「認為」的動詞/片語，可分與 as 連用，如：regard, see, view, take, think of, refer to, look
upon；與 to be 連用（可省略），如：consider, think。
例句：Bibby regards friendship as very important in his life.
= Bibby considers friendship (to be) very important in his life.
Bibby 視友誼在他生命中非常重要。
小試身手
重 組：were / when people go shopping / as a necessity / Plastic bags / once regarded
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：牛在印度被視為是神聖的。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
Plastic bags were once regarded as a necessity when people go shopping.
Cows are considered to be holy in India.
2. consist of
說明：本句型意思為「…以…構成/組成」，類似片語：be made up of; be composed of; be comprised of。
例句：This band consists of a singer, a drummer, and two guitarists.
這樂團以一位主唱，一位鼓手，兩位吉他手組成。
小試身手
重 組：of a main dish, / soup, / and a dessert / consists / The set meal
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：地球表面有超過三分之二以水構成。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The set meal consists of a main dish, soup, and a dessert.
More than two thirds of the surface of the earth consists of water.
194
3. result in/from
說明：result in 意思為「（因）導致（果）」，類似片語：cause, lead to, give rise to, contribute to，以上
to 皆為介係詞；result from 則為「（果）起因於（因）」。（聯想：結果是「從 from」原因而來）
例句：
(1) The flooding resulted in many people missing.
這場洪水導致許多人失蹤。
(2) Kevin’s failure resulted from his carelessness.
Kevin 的失敗起因於他的粗心大意。
小試身手
重 組：The patient’s sleeplessness / pressure / too much / and anxiety / results from
____________________________________________________________________
中翻英：Watt 的風流韻事導致他離婚。
____________________________________________________________________
答案：
The patient’s sleeplessness results from too much pressure and anxiety.
Watt’s love affairs resulted in his divorce.
195
Chapter 4
克漏字
196
Ⅰ.答題策略
1. 主題句
說明：主題句通常為每段的第一句，主題句為該段的大意，因此，讀懂主題句，有助於整篇
文章的理解。
2. 找主詞、動詞
說明：建議在閱讀克漏字文章時，能隨手把每句子的主詞與動詞畫線，特別是有空格題目的
那句，因為選主詞或選動詞為常見考點。
3. 圈逗點、連接詞
說明：有空格題目的當句，若有逗點或連接詞，考點很可能為：連接詞 S + V, S + V. 的句型，
或者為分詞構句： S + V, Ving/P.P. 或為 To V, S + V 等。
4. 找關鍵字
說明：找出文章中關鍵詞是答題之鑰，關鍵字可為：語意的關鍵字、字或片語的搭配詞（have
an impact on）、動詞時態搭配的時間片語（have/has + P.P.…since…）；特殊動詞（avoid
+ Ving）、介係詞（N of N）等等。
5. 刪去法
說明：善用刪去法，將明顯錯誤的選項剃除，增加答對機率。
Ⅱ.考點
考點 1：字義
策略：閱讀當句，找影響語意的關鍵字（否定詞、動詞、形容詞、名詞、副詞），帶入 4
個選項，並從當句推敲。
★ In terms of exercises, one person might prefer a lot of easier exercises to more ______
exercises. 107
(A) intense (B) effortless (C) identical (D) eager
關鍵字：prefer…to…（偏愛）；easier（更簡單的）；more（更…）
答案：(A) 激烈的。 (B) 毫不費力的 (C) 完全相同的 (D) 渴望的
★ In October 2012, Malala was ______ in the head by a Taliban gunman, which raised
her international fame. 104
(A) survived (B) scanned (C) scattered (D) shot
關鍵字：head（頭）；gunman（槍手）
答案：(D) 射擊。 (A) 存活 (B) 掃描 (C) 分散
★ Rainforests are the Earth’s oldest living ecosystems. They ______ only a small part of
the Earth’s surface, about six percent, but they are very important to us. 109
(A) call off (B) look into (C) make up (D) turn down
關鍵字 they（指 rainforest 雨林）；Earth’s surface（地球表面）；six percent（6%）
答案： (C) make up（組成）。 (A) 取消 (B) 調查 (D) 拒絕
196
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