ENGLISH IN THE BEAUTY INDUSTRY

 A database for better client management: record details about your clients
that will later help you improve client segmentation and advertising;

 Appointments book and reminders: book visits in a few clicks and set up
appointment reminders to reduce the number of no-shows;

 Staff management features: helps you set up work standards and control
employee performance;

 Over 150 reports: they give you insights on all aspects of your business so
you can see areas where you are doing great and ones where you can
improve.

It’s great if you start using Beauty Pro as your first salon software, when you are
just opening a salon, since you can explore the benefits from the get-go. But it’s
also easy to set up the software if you were using another system. It won’t be a
problem to transfer your previous data either. Download the free 14-day demo and
see it for yourself. You can also browse our blog for more tips on how to build a
salon business.

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1.8. Мода и стиль

fashion and style

Fashion is what is currently in fashion right now, that is, what is being
featured in magazines, on TV and on the fashion runways. Fashion is what is
trendy right now. Style, on the other hand, is unique to everyone. This is the
person’s own opinion, their own choice in clothes and accessories. Style is
something that has been modified and customized on an individual level to
suit each person’s own personality and body.

The terms fashion and style are commonly thrown around these days, however
many people find it difficult to distinguish between the two. According to Oscar de
la Renta, “Fashion is about dressing according to what’s fashionable. Style is more
about being yourself.”

In layman’s terms, fashion is what is currently in fashion right now, that is, what is
being featured in magazines, on TV and on the fashion runways. Fashion is what is
trendy right now. These can be anything clothes, make-up, shoes, accessories, etc,
being made popular by fashion houses, model, actors and actresses. Style, on the
other hand, is unique to everyone. This is the person’s own opinion, their own
choice in clothes and accessories. Style is something that has been modified and
customized on an individual level to suit each person’s own personality and body.

Dictionary.com defines ‘fashion’ as:

 A prevailing custom or style of dress, etiquette, socializing, etc.: the latest
fashion in dresses.

 Conventional usage in dress, manners, etc., especially of polite society, or
conformity to it: the dictates of fashion; to be out of fashion.

 Manner; way; mode: in a warlike fashion.
 The make or form of anything: He liked the fashion of the simple, sturdy

furniture.

Dictionary.com defines ‘style’ as:

 A particular kind, sort, or type, as with reference to form, appearance, or
character: the baroque style: The style of the house was too austere for their
liking.

 A particular, distinctive, or characteristic mode of action or manner of
acting: They do these things in a grand style.

 A mode of living, as with respect to expense or display.
 An elegant, fashionable, or luxurious mode of living: to live in style.

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 A mode of fashion, as in dress, especially good or approved fashion;
elegance; smartness.

 The mode of expressing thought in writing or speaking by selecting and
arranging words, considered with respect to clearness, effectiveness,
euphony, or the like, that is characteristic of a group, period, person,
personality, etc.: to write in the style of Faulkner; a familiar style; a
pompous, pedantic style.

 Manner or tone adopted in discourse or conversation: a patronizing style of
addressing others.

 A particular, distinctive, or characteristic mode or form of construction or
execution in any art or work: Her painting is beginning to show a personal
style.

 According to Wikipedia, “Fashion is a general term for a popular style or
practice, especially in clothing, footwear, accessories, makeup, body
piercing or furniture. ‘Fashion’ refers to a distinctive; however, often-
habitual trend in a look and dress up of a person, as well as to prevailing
styles in behavior. ‘Fashion’ usually is the newest creations made by
designers and are bought by only a few number of people; however, often
those "fashions" are translated into more established trends.”

 Fashion is very versatile. It keeps on changing. Things that are fashionable
tend to go out of fashion by next year, or next season, or even next week. A
person is only fashionable if they are following the current fashion, a thing
hard put to do as fashion is for a limited time only. One must constantly
keep changing their wardrobe to keep up with all the current fashions. It
doesn’t matter if the trend is ugly, if it doesn’t go with your personality, if
it’s not flattering to your body shape, if the color that is in season does not
go with you at all, one must conform to it, in order to be considered
fashionable.

 Style, on the other hand, is considered more permanent and timeless, as
it does not need to change. It may only change when the person does, or this
style or personality is redefined. Style is not dependent upon clothing; it can
be associated with anything that makes you look stylish, be that a unique
way of speaking, a unique paring of accessories, a unique way of carrying
yourself, etc.

 A stylish person wouldn’t necessarily care about what’s in fashion right
now. They will be more concerned about what suits their body type better,
or their skin tone or hair color, etc. A stylish person tends to show a great
ability to balance individuality with conformity, a good grasp of their body’s
strengths and weaknesses, and most of all, intelligence and a strong sense of
self. However, style can also be considered as an extension of fashion as you
can use what is in fashion and incorporate it in your own style giving it an
altogether different touch.

 In her must-read new book, "Roots of Style", New York designer Isabel
Toledo says that, "Fashion is ephemeral. It is the flavor of the day, and

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useful for refueling your style inspiration when you feel you've run out of
gas. Fashion is easy to apply because it's all surface. Fashion may be the
most democratic of all the art forms because we all have to go through the
ritual of dressing ourselves every day."
 According to Toledo, style "is an effective way to carve out your
individuality. Style is content . . . common property. It belongs to no one,
and to everyone. A person with true style is displaying a fertile and thinking
mind. The truth is, we're all born with an inner voice that serves as our
personal style guiding light. People with style dress in harmony with their
inner, most authentic selves."
 There are many people who are fashionable, however they may or may not
be stylish. These are the people who follow fashion blindly, without any
regard to whether the fashion actually suits them or not. However, there are
also a number of people who are stylish, but they are not considered
fashionable. This is mainly because while what they are wearing is stylish
and shows off their body and personality; what they may be wearing may or
may not be currently in fashion.

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1.9.Cosmetology
Косметология

Appearance and beauty have always been a major aspect of womens’ lives,
regardless of the era, century or decade. Changes were slow and less prominent in
the earliest centuries, but by the 20th century, trends and styles changed faster and
faster from decade to decade. However, the changes in cosmetology, clothing
styles, accessories and hair styles throughout the times uncover much more than a
skin-deep history.
These changes provide insight into the social roles of women throughout history,
as well as how women viewed themselves. The history of cosmetology reveals
each societal definition of physical beauty itself.
What Is Cosmetology?
Cosmetology, quite simply, is the study and practice of beautification. In today’s
world, it has become a professional field under which several specialized fields are
categorized as well, including hair colorist, esthetician, nail technician, makeup
artist, electrologist etc. Cosmetology courses, cosmetology certification, and online
cosmetology classes have all developed in response to cosmetology becoming a
respected, professional field.
A cosmetologist is like a master of all aspects of beauty, but they can also
specialize in one area. For example, an esthetician specializes in skin care and
helping clients achieve flawless skin. A colorist specializes in hair coloring and
color theory for hair. A nail technician specializes in the art form and care of nails.
Regardless of what specialized field one enters, they all require cosmetology
courses and training, certification, state licensing, and continued education.

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Where and When Cosmetology Began
Make-up and cosmetics were used long before the first century. As for who the
first cosmetologist was, that’s debatable. If we’re talking about the first person or
people to actually mix ingredients together for the purpose of applying and
beautifying, then most would give the Egyptians that title. Although some sources
say the first cosmetologists were ancient hunters who used urine and mud to
camouflage their scent, in that case everything from bug spray to VapoRub is a
cosmetic. Not all materials that are mixed together and applied to the face qualify
as cosmetics.

Max Factor, while being a cosmetic line to this day, is also a man who is generally
credited for inventing modern day makeup, because he successfully marketed the
make-up he created for both movie actresses and everyday women in the first
couple decades of the 20th century. Also during that time, Maybelline was created
by 19 yr. old entrepreneur, T.L. Williams, who came up with the name by fusing
the name of his older sister Mabel, and Vaseline – the main product used in the
company’s first mascara.
Madam C.J. Walker was not only the first black female entrepreneur in the U.S.,
but she was the first female self-made millionaire who built her business upon
cosmetics, hair, and beauty products for black women.

How Cosmetology Has Changed
That said, Egyptians are typically regarded as being the first “cosmetologists,” due
to archeological discoveries of primitive make-up kits, and, of course, the Egyptian
art that shows us how and where they wore make-up. They were known to
neighboring cultures for “painting their eyes” using eyeliner and primitive mascara
– and in a style and manner that is still replicated today whenever someone wants
to emulate the Cleopatra look. Egyptians used kohl for eyeliner, as well as a

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galena, which was a type of lead. Red ochre was also used to redden the lips,
which was crushed into a powder.

The Romans and the Greeks soon followed the precedent set by the Egyptians. The
first commercialized cosmetics were made in ancient Rome, and they included
both higher quality and lower quality products. Wealthy women wore expensive
cosmetic imports from China and Gaul, while poorer women bought cheap knock-
offs – however, because make-up was and still can be a time-consuming affair,
many poorer women simply didn’t have the time or the female servants to apply it.

Poorer women in ancient Rome would also use mulberry juice or wine dregs to
color their lips. If nothing else was available to the poor, it was not unheard of to
use blood to redden cheeks and lips. You might remember a scene from
Schindler’s List that depicts Jewish women in a concentration camp applying
blood from pricked fingers to their lips and cheeks in order to appear healthier for
inspection.
The Romans’ standard of beauty had many similarities to those of future eras:
white pale skin, straightened hair, large eyes, long eyelashes, and straight white
teeth. Because Roman women typically had olive-toned skin or darker, they had to
really work at achieving this standard via plenty of skin whiteners, which included
chalk powder, crocodile dung, and even white lead, despite their awareness of lead
poisoning. Whether poisoning themselves slowly or having a doctor surgically re-
arrange their face, women have always been willing to go to extreme lengths to
achieve their definition of beauty.

The Renaissance may be the only era in which women did not have to torture
themselves in one way or another to achieve nearly impossible standards of beauty.
Rubenesque women decorate paintings from Ruben’s Three Graces – and also the
artist from which the term “rubenesque” comes from – to Giorgione’s Pastoral
Symphony, to Titian’s Venus and the Lute Player.

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It’s no secret that plump women were admired by Renaissance artists and men of
this era alike. However, something else that is not usually mentioned is that,
apparently, they not only admired plump women, but plump women with little
breasts. In nearly every Renaissance painting featuring a model, goddess or
fictional character with extra meat on her bones also depicts proportionately small
breasts. In other words, the pear shape was in, for several centuries. However, the
fair skin, hair, and eyes were also typically seen as ideal in a woman during this
era.

Enter the Victorian era – a total reverse of the romantic freedom and natural beauty
that the Renaissance celebrated. In contrast, women squeezed rib fractures and
asphyxia right into their corsets, trying to crush their waists down to ludicrous
sizes. Some sources say women tried to vice their waists down to 12 inches. It’s no
wonder so many of them were fainting. They also never sat down while their
corsets were on – they literally couldn’t. While the Victorian era emphasized
modesty and minimalism when it concerned cosmetics and make-up, they spared
no extreme when it came to body shape and appearance. It’s also funny to think
about the fact that, for as prim and demure as Victorian women wanted to be at all
times, all of them had furry armpits and hairy legs under all that fluff and lace.

It wasn’t until the beginning of the 20th century that women began to shave their
legs, because clothing trends allowed for more skin to show. Sleeveless dresses
spurred on marketing instructions and razor advertisements to encourage women to
shave their underarms and legs.

This led into the 20s, which was in general, a huge decade for women’s liberation.
Pants had never been worn by the general female population until the 20s. Once
again, trends and styles took a polar opposite leap into the Roaring Twenties,
featuring short hair, boyish-looking silhouettes, curves hidden by flapper dresses,
and all things Chanel. Make-up, while also not untouched by the influence of
women’s lib, was still feminine. Bright red lips and dark-lined eyes were all the
rage.

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The 1940s brought back the hour-glass figure with A-line skirts and suits. Make-up
was toned down to be more demure and less vaudeville, and foundation was used
to enhance one’s natural complexion. Finally, the whole “let’s make our faces the
color of chalk” standard was dying out. Women in the 30s and 40s typically strove
for sleek, wavy hair with color just like the blonde, red or brunette of whatever
famous actress most idealized it.

The 50s – if there is one decade where women faced a set-back, it’s this one. Due
to the conservatism of the 1950s, women found themselves covering back up what
had been liberated in the past 50 years. The June Beaver look was considered
proper or respectable and even young women donned poodle skirts down to nearly
their ankles. However, a lot of hairstyles made up for the conservatism by being
extravagant. The atrocious bee-hive was a signature of the 50s, as well as poofy
flip-ups. Make-up of the 50s accented the eyes, and fake eyelashes became the
norm on the silver screen often accompanied by gel or liquid liner to emphasize
long, dark lashes. Red lips once again made a comeback

The 60s and 70s stomped on the conservatism of the 50s. This decade gave us a
dual beauty standard: the uber-mod girl, set by Twiggy, and the carefree, flowery

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power of hippie attire. The former was defined by high boots, short skirts, and
often bright oranges, yellows, and pinks. In contrast, loose bell-bottoms, belly-
exposing shirts, bandanas, and sandals announced the presence of a woman who
consigned herself to a hippie lifestyle – or at least hippie apparel. The 70s bounced
in shortly after, captured by disco, Soul Train, and Farah Fawcett, all emblems of
the decade. Feathery long hair, sparkly eye shadows, light pastel pink lips, and
roller skates could be seen on waitresses and disco dancers alike.

Some of the 80s’ trends are being recycled today, such as skinny jeans and bubble
skirts. However, most of the beauty trends in the 1980s were much too tacky to
even redeem with a modern makeover. However, the 80s encouraged even more
focus on being thin, creating a steep epidemic of eating disorders and cocaine
habits to achieve slimness. The 90s didn’t help women with self-image in this
regard, churning out more and more shows like Baywatch and Beverly Hills 90210
to accentuate Barbie-like body beauty standards. However, the 90s also brought us
grunge, which was the ultimate dressed-down style, as well as natural hair and
make-up – or even no make-up, if you could get away with it. Jennifer Aniston
brought on a hair-style phenomenon not seen in quite a while – girls and women
scrambled to the hair salon and everyone wanted the “Rachel-from-Friends” trendy
layered hairstyle.

Current cosmetic, hair, and clothing style trends re-visit almost every decade from
time to time, depending upon the “look” a person is going for. Whether you’re
rockin’ the 80s’ look with skinny jeans, the 60s and 70s with platform heels or
revamping a 30s’ and 40s’ Hollywood icon face with red lips and long, dark-lined
lashes. While the latest beauty trends of the day tend to revisit and revamp looks
throughout history, the changes in style are fast occurring and constantly changing.

Followed closely behind these fast changing trends in beauty and style, are the
changing expectations of styles and looks clients are demanding from
cosmetologists. Many women today look to mimic the style icons of popular
culture, a pattern that can be found repeated throughout history. What set's today's
standards of style and beauty a part from historical trends, is the sheer availability
of beauty products and the vast array of services that can be provided by
cosmetologist. Some of the newest trends in cosmetology today include: scientific
color matching technology for makeup, eyelash extensions, body contouring, hair
extension bars, the use of organic and all natural products, and so much more.

While the field of cosmetology is showing a rise in demand for trend-specific
specializations, the job outlook for cosmetologist is also expected to grow 10% by
2024, a faster rate of growth compared to all occupations nationally. This growth
in demand for cosmetology careers and changing trends in specialization, indicate
a very exiting time to start a career in cosmetology and the perfect time to attain
continuing education in cosmetology.

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Cosmetology Courses, Professions and Continuing Education

More and more people are jumping on the cosmetology bandwagon. You can
potentially earn around $50,000 a year after only a year of schooling, perhaps even
less if you opt for online cosmetology courses or you are continuing education in
cosmetology. The fact that cosmetology is also a secure industry is also attractive –
women will always go to the salon, and they will always care about their looks –
almost more than anything else. Opening up your own salon could potentially yield
a higher stream of income, sometimes even a six digit salary.

There are online cosmetology courses that can fit into your current schedule. While
you earn your certification and license, you may be able to start at a salon as a
shampoo technician and then smoothly transition into a regular stylist or
cosmetologist once you are licensed.

There are also additional earning potentials open to cosmetologists, thanks to
the many cosmetic and hair product companies. Some higher end hair product
companies pay colorists and cosmetologists to travel and teach color classes, and
they hold annual conventions in Europe. This is, in part, how higher end cosmetic
companies market themselves as a higher quality product. Many make-up lines
also work like this and are in need of licensed cosmetologists to give on-site
demos. If you can leverage yourself as a person who can help market a high end
cosmetic or hair product line, you may find that a cosmetology license can be a
very lucrative thing.

Continuing education in cosmetology is often necessary for professionals who are
already licensed and working. Sometimes a change in employment makes it
necessary; sometimes a move to a different state may require further course
training; sometimes it is other state regulations and laws. Most often, a working
cosmetologist chooses to continue his or her education in cosmetology for personal
and professional benefit. Online cosmetology courses are usually ideal for working
professionals because they can be set according to personal and varying schedules.
Course information can be revisited again and again, and the flexibility relieves
any kind of pressure to have course requirements completed at a designated time.

Whatever your current position, cosmetology is a rock-solid profession. Although
beauty ideals and standards may constantly change, the endless struggle to obtain
them is deeply rooted in all of us.

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1.10.Skin care

уход за кожей.

Everything you—and your skin—need to get started.

By Sarah Jacoby

Depending on who you ask, having a skin-care
routine could mean a million different things. Is it putting on the occasional acne-
fighting sheet mask? Lining up all 18 of your expensive serums for the perfect
#shelfie? Reading and somehow understanding the textbook of an ingredients list
on every product? Or is it carefully applying juuust the right amount of
prescription cream to calm down a patch of psoriasis without feeling too greasy?

The truth is, of course, that it can be all of the above—and each skin-care routine is
necessarily as unique and individual as the person following it (or attempting to,
anyway). But as skin care has become trendier and its definition has become wider
in scope, it’s also gotten a little more intimidating and confusing for a beginner to
get started.

That’s where we come in. As you begin your skin-care quest, we hope to answer
here in this skin-care 101 guide as many of your questions as we can—with the
help of research and experts rather than hype.

Here’s how to use this guide: If you’re brand-new to the idea of a skin-care
routine, it helps to start at the very beginning, where we answer your most basic
questions about skin care—even the ones you may be too embarrassed to ask all
your skin-care-savvy friends. If you’ve dabbled in skin care and just really want to
know what ingredients might be right for you, we’ve got you. Scroll down to learn
more about the actual elements in a skin-care routine and an overview of active
ingredients that work best for certain skin conditions. We also have specific
sections for skin of color, what to do if you’re pregnant, and what to keep in mind
if you have a diagnosed condition that affects your skin. Plus we break down some
often confusing aspects about the skin-care industry, such as whether or not the
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates skin-care ingredients and what
exactly manufacturers mean when they call their products “clean.”

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In each section, you’ll find links to all our coverage on that topic, so make sure you
click on anything that piques your interest if you want to learn even more.

And last, don’t forget to check out our glossary of popular skin-care terms, which
can help clear up any lingering confusion you have.

Let’s get started!

What do you really mean when you say “skin care”?

We mean the basic care and keeping of your largest organ—your skin! It plays an
important role in protecting you from outside pathogens and, you know, holds all
your internal organs in place. And in the same way that you regularly brush your
teeth, your skin requires at least some attention to keep it functioning properly.

It also requires protection—from skin cancer, primarily. At SELF, when we talk
about skin care we’re talking about science-backed ways to improve both the look
and function of your skin to address and manage both cosmetic and medical
concerns.

This guide is for anyone who is curious about what it means or what it takes to
have a skin-care routine but doesn’t know where to start.

Why should I care about skin care?

Yes, caring about skin care might be quite trendy these days, but no matter what,
giving your skin some love has both cosmetic and medical benefits. For instance,
although you can’t slow down the passage of time, with a finely tuned skin-care
regimen you can reduce the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, dark spots, and sun
damage. You can also quite effectively manage some more minor skin concerns,
such as dryness or oiliness.

For those with specific skin conditions such as psoriasis, eczema, rosacea, and
acne, skin care isn’t always optional and requires a bit more thought. For one,
treating a specific skin condition often means you need to employ a particular skin-
care regimen, and for another, your condition may make your skin more sensitive
to ingredients and products in general. Finding a skin-care routine that works can
offer a vital way for someone to manage and treat their condition.

There’s also the fact that many people find their skin-care routines to have some
mental health benefits—having that routine may help you realize just how easy it
can be to do nice things for your body and build healthy habits. Two great
examples of this are “Why I Embraced Skin Care After My Mother’s Death” and
“How Skin Care Became a Crucial Part of My Sobriety Toolbox”, personal essays
we’ve published in recent years.

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We also know that practicing skin care can provide benefits not entirely related to
your skin. Many people find that sticking to a skin-care regimen gives them a
routine and sense of control. Others find that going through their routine or even
applying the occasional mask relaxes them and helps them focus their attention on
themselves maybe for the only time in their day.

That said, some skin-care companies make a lot of big claims about what their
products can do without necessarily having the evidence to back them up. At
SELF, our aim is to help you make the most informed decision before buying or
trying a product and to guide you toward the treatment options we know the most
about.

I’m ready to start a skin-care routine. What do I need to know before I begin?

Before figuring out what to include in your skin-care routine, it’s important to
know your skin type and if you have any major concerns you want to address. It’s
also good to remember that everyone’s regimen is individual—what works for
your friends or family or randos online may not be best for you.

To figure out your skin type, think about how your skin acts without any makeup
or products on it a few hours after taking a shower. If it gets a little greasy or shiny,
you probably have oily skin. If it feels dry or flaky, you have dry skin. If you have
dry skin in some places and oily skin in others (usually on the T-zone), you have
combination skin. If you have none of those things, you’re considered to have
“normal” skin. Knowing your skin type will help steer you toward products that
will manage dryness and oiliness while effectively taking care of any other skin
concerns you have.

If your skin tends to get irritated when you use certain products, if you’ve ever had
an allergic reaction to a product, or if you have certain skin conditions on your face
(eczema, psoriasis, rosacea, et cetera) you may have sensitive skin. People with
sensitive skin can have oily, dry, combination, or normal skin too, but may need to
take extra care in selecting products that don’t cause irritation or exacerbate skin
conditions.

You don’t necessarily need to see a dermatologist before starting a skin-care
routine. But if you have sensitive skin (or aren’t sure if your skin qualifies as
sensitive), if you have a skin condition, or if you’re trying to address any major
concerns (such as stubborn or severe acne or hyperpigmentation), it’s important to
check in with a board-certified dermatologist who can guide you through the
process.

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1.11. Skin care products
Средства по уходу за кожей

SKIN CARE PRODUCTS

Dramatize the situations.

Make other dialogues using the topical vocabulary.
А) У вас жирная кожа и вы обращаетесь к косметологу за советом по её
уходу.
В) Подруга просит вас, как будущего косметолога, порекомендовать ей
средства по уходу за кожей.
С) Побеседуйте о том, как питание влияет на состояние кожи.

СРЕДСТВА ПО УХОДУ ЗА КОЖЕЙ \ skin care products

Topical vocabulary

acne угорь, прыщ

advertisement campaign рекламная кампания

antioxidant антиоксидант

area участок, зона

blackhead угорь

blemish пятно

burn жечь, ожог

clay глина

clog the pores забивать поры

complaint жалоба

develop разрабатывать

design разрабатывать

dirt грязь

essential oil эфирное, летучее масло

excess избыток

firm укреплять

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flakiness шелушение
glamorous celebrities знаменитости с прекрасной внешностью
grease жир
lead вести
lotion лосьон
oil масло, жир
plant extract экстракт растений
peel отшелушивать
plastic surgery пластическая хирургия
premature aging преждевременное старение
remove dead skin cells удалять мёртвые клетки кожи
replenishment обновление, замена
serum сыворотка
scar шрам
scrub скраб
sensitive чувствительный, восприимчивый
skin mapping эскиз зон кожи лица
solar exposure пребывание на солнце
soreness чувствительность, болезненность
sulphur сера
three step daily regime трёхэтапная система ухода за кожей
tighten the pores стягивать поры
wipe away удалять, снимать

The increase of younger looking models and celebrities portrayed by the media as
having the perfect features has put extreme pressure on regular individuals, men
and women, to live up to society’s expectations. The skin care products range is an
increasingly growing market and therefore companies are continually developing
better, more effective and more natural products to meet the demands of the
customer.

The main areas of skin care products are developed to cleanse, tone, moisturize,
scrub and peel in the comfort of the customers own home.

Cleansers, toners and moisturizers come in different forms for example creams,
serums and lotions and are often referred to as a three step daily regime. Firstly,

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cleansers are applied to wipe away grease, dirt and oil that gather to collect in the
pores. Prevention at this stage of a build up reduces the risk of infections which
lead to blemishes. Secondly, toners tighten the pores to reduce the risk of grease
and dirt returning to the areas. Moisturizer is then applied to smooth and hydrate
the skin, preventing dryness leading to irritations, soreness and flakiness.
Scrubs and peel masks are applied to remove dead skin cells, which again clog the
pores. This especially assists in the replenishment of new, healthy cells.
Products are available to suit many different individual customers needs. Products
are selected due to a number of reasons. These reasons include the packaging, the
advertisement campaign and celebrity endorser, the scent, the brand name, the skin
suitability and the price.
Famous skin care product brand names include L’Oreal, Nivea and Philosophy.
Campaigns targeted at women include glamorous celebrities, bright, sensitive
packaging and floral, natural scents. The advertisement campaign targeted at men
uses dark colours and deep, fresh smells.
Skin care products are available from drug stores, shopping malls and over the
internet. Prices can range from five dollars to five hundred dollars. Most
companies offer skin mapping and advice prior to purchasing their products. This
allows the customer to select the most suitable products for their skin type and
preference.
celebrity endorser – участие знаменитости в рекламной компании
scent –запах
to target –п редназначать направить, нацелиться, предназначать
ориентировать, нацеливать

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1.12.prevention of skin aging
предупреждения старения кожи

PREVENTION OF SKIN AGING (ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЕ СТАРЕНИЯ
КОЖИ)

accumulate накапливать

aging старение

actinic keratoses актиничный кератоз

biochemical changes биохимические изменения

blood vessels кровеносные сосуды

bruises кровоизлияния, кровоподтёки
cancer рак

carcinoma раковое новообразование, карцинома

chronologic(al) aging старение со временем

connective tissues соединительные ткани

effect воздействие
elasticity эластичность

fat padding жировая прослойка

firmness упругость
genetic program генетическая программа

genetically генетически запрограммированный
programmed

itchy вызывающий зуд

liver печень

loss of skin firmness потеря кожей упругости

photoaging процесс старения кожи от инсоляции

prevention предупреждение

sag обвисать

skin diseases болезни кожи

subsurface sun damage подкожные повреждения, вызванные солнечными
лучами

supple гибкий, эластичный

surface roughness поверхностная неровность

tanning загар

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tissue ткань
ultraviolet light ультрафиолетовое излучение
visible видимый

Text А. What is Aging Skin?

We begin to age the moment we are born, and throughout our lives the effects of
aging are evident in our bodies. Up to about age 20 years, the most visually
prominent effects of aging are in growth and development. Beginning in our 20s,
the effects of aging begin to be visible in the skin.

Genetically programmed chronologic aging causes biochemical changes in
collagen and elastin, the connective tissues that give skin its firmness and
elasticity. The genetic program for each person is different, so the loss of skin
firmness and elasticity occurs at different rates and different times in one
individual as compared with another.

As skin becomes less elastic, it also becomes drier. Underlying fat padding begins
to disappear. With loss of underlying support by fat padding and connective
tissues, the skin begins to sag. It looks less supple, and wrinkles form. The skin
may be itchy with increased dryness. A cut may heal more slowly.

Simultaneously with genetically programmed aging, the process of photoaging
may be taking place. Photoaging is the effect of chronic and excessive sun
exposure on the skin. Cigarette smoking also contributes to aging effects by the
biochemical changes it brings about in skin tissues.

Photoaging interacts with chronologic aging and may appear to hasten the process

of chronologic aging. In fact, photoaging may be responsible for the majority of
age-associated changes in the skin’s appearance: mottled pigmentation, surface

roughness, fine wrinkles that disappear when stretched, "age" or "liver" spots

(lentigines) on the hands, and dilated blood vessels. Chronic sun exposure is a
major risk factor for skin cancers—basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma

and melanoma.

The effects of photoaging accumulate over years of chronic sun exposure. At first,
the effects may be invisible to the casual glance, even while they are on the
increase. Photos taken with ultraviolet light will dramatically reveal the
accumulative effects of chronic sun exposure. In the following series of photos the
accumulative effects of chronic sun exposure are clearly seen. In each set of
photos, the two pictures on the left were taken in ordinary light, the picture on the
right in ultraviolet light:

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At age 18 months, sun
damage is not yet apparent.

At age 4 years, early sun
damage is evident in
freckling across the nose
and cheeks.

At age 17 years, a teen-
ager has significant sun
damage due to deliberate
tanning on the beach or in
tanning salons

In a woman 37 years old,
subsurface sun damage is
clearly visible in ultraviolet
light

At age 52 years a woman
has "old-looking" skin in
visible light and
significantly sun-damaged
skin in ultraviolet light

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A 64-year-old beach
community resident has
skin that chronicles a
lifetime of chronic sun
exposure. The skin is dry,
inelastic, and heavily
mottled with wrinkles

As skin ages and accumulates sun damage, a number of lesions (sores or spots on
the skin) become more common. These include:

"Age" and "liver" spots (lentigines)—flat, brown areas with rounded edges usually
found on the face, hands, back and feet. They are age-related and photoaging-
related, and have nothing to do with the liver. While they are unsightly, they are
not dangerous. However, a large, flat, dark area with irregular borders should be
examined by a dermatologist to make sure it is not melanoma.

· Actinic keratoses—thick, warty, rough, reddish growths on sun-exposed areas of
the skin. They may be a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma.

· Seborrheic keratoses—brown or black raised spots, or wart-like growths that
appear to be stuck to the skin’s surface. They are not cancerous or precancerous,
and are easily removed.

· Cherry angiomas—harmless, small, bright red domes created by dilated blood
vessels. They occur in more than 85% of middle-aged to elderly people, usually on
the body. A dermatologist can remove them.

· Telangiectasias ("broken capillaries")—dilated facial blood vessels, usually
related to sun damage. A dermatologist can treat them.

· Bruising—often a result of skin having lost its fat padding and becoming more
susceptible to injury. Some drugs may cause bleeding under the skin. Bruises that
persist should be examined by a dermatologist.

· Wrinkles—changes in the elastic tissue from exposure to sunlight, effects of
gravity, or motion factors in the skin. A dermatologist can treat wrinkles with
dermatologic surgery.

Skin diseases more common in older people include shingles, leg ulcers, and
seborrheic dermatitis.

collagen - коллаген

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elastin - эластин
firmness - упругость
connective - соединительный
tissue - ткань
keratoses - кератоз
precursor - предвестникCherry angioma ангиома Черри
mottled pigmentation крапчатая пигментация
Seborrheic keratoses себоральный кератоз
squamous cell carcinoma Чешуйчатая карцинома
Telangiectasias купероз

2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following expressions:
Генетически запрограммированное возрастное старение, биохимические
изменения, подкожный слой жира, ускорять процесс возрастного старения,
связанный с возрастом и с воздействием солнца, кожные болезни.

3. Find Russian equivalents to the following expressions:
occurs at different rates and different times, age-associated changes in the skin’s
appearance, mottled pigmentation, surface roughness, invisible to the casual
glance, the accumulative effects of chronic sun exposure, have nothing to do with
the liver.

4. Summarize briefly the contests of the text using the questions below:
1. Whenthe effects of aging begin to be visible in the skin?
2. What causes biochemical changes in collagen and elastin?
3. Is the genetic program the same for all people?
4. Why does the skin begin to sag and look less supple?
5. Why do the wrinkles form?

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6. What is photoaging?
7. What are the most common skin lesions (sores or spots on the skin)?

1.13. Methods of skin rejuvenation
методы омолаживания кожи

 Skin rejuvenation refers to skin resurfacing and revitalizing techniques
to give skin a more youthful, healthy appearance.

 These techniques aren’t limited to the face, as in facial rejuvenation, but
can be used on other areas of the body such as the chest and legs.

 Laser skin resurfacing and microdermabrasion are noninvasive
treatments.

 Botox and dermal fillers are minimally invasive treatments.
 Over-the-counter (OTC) and natural products found in your kitchen

can be effective home treatments.

Aging, genetics, sun exposure and acne can contribute to changes in your skin’s
texture and appearance. Skin rejuvenation is a broad term that includes methods of
revitalizing your skin to help it look healthier, firmer, smoother and younger.

Skin rejuvenation products and procedures reduce the appearance of mild to
moderate skin concerns. Many skin rejuvenation practices also encourage new
collagen growth to firm and tighten the skin.

What Is Skin Rejuvenation?

Skin rejuvenation techniques include noninvasive procedures such as chemical
peels and laser resurfacing, as well as minimally invasive treatments such as Botox
injections or microneedling. Some skin rejuvenation products can be bought OTC
and used at home.

Skin rejuvenation treatments and products treat such skin issues as:

 Sun damage

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 Scars from acne, chickenpox or injury
 Wrinkles (both static, unmoving wrinkles and dynamic wrinkles that are

influenced by facial movements)
 Hyperpigmentation (darkened skin, freckles, etc.)
 Loose skin
 Uneven or dull skin tone

Facial rejuvenation

Facial rejuvenation treatments improve the appearance of mild to moderate skin
concerns and help the face to regain a youthful appearance. You can pursue facial
rejuvenation through both surgical and nonsurgical methods.

Surgical methods of facial rejuvenation include facelifts, neck lifts and
blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery). Some skin rejuvenation options such as Botox and
dermal fillers are also considered nonsurgical facial rejuvenation treatments.

Skin rejuvenation vs. skin resurfacing

Skin rejuvenation and skin resurfacing are used interchangeably, however skin
rejuvenation is broader than skin resurfacing. In general, skin rejuvenation is any
treatment or method that is used to improve and refresh the skin.

Skin resurfacing is one method of skin rejuvenation. It involves removing the top
layer of skin to encourage new skin cell growth and new collagen production.
Methods such as laser skin resurfacing and chemical peels are two approaches to
skin resurfacing.

Topical Skin Rejuvenation Products

People with mild skin concerns who would like to refresh their skin’s appearance
might seek out OTC skin rejuvenation products rather than choosing a prescription
or expensive procedure. Skin rejuvenating creams, serums and masks are all
available.

Creams and serums

OTC skin rejuvenating creams and serums are moisturizing formulas that contain
active ingredients commonly found in anti-aging products. Effectiveness depends
on your skin type, the active ingredients and the concentration of those ingredients.

Ingredients commonly found in skin rejuvenating creams and serums include:

 Retinoids, or vitamin A compounds such as retinoic acid and retinol, reduce
wrinkles and fine lines and minimize the signs of aging.

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 Hydroxy acids such as alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), beta hydroxy acids
(BHAs) and polyhydroxy acids gently exfoliate the outer layer of skin and
encourage new skin cell growth. AHAs include glycolic acid, lactic acid and
citric acid.

 Hyaluronic acid (HA) promotes moisture retention in the skin.
 Niacinamide, an antioxidant closely related to niacin (vitamin B3) improves

the appearance of wrinkles, helps encourage skin elasticity and promotes
moisture retention.
 Peptides are naturally-occurring molecules that help stimulate the
production of new collagen and promote a smoother skin texture.
 Grape seed extract contains anti-inflammatory properties and antioxidants;
it also promotes collagen production.
 Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) protects skin from wrinkles and surface damage.
 Green, black and oolong tea extracts have anti-inflammatory
characteristics and contain antioxidants.
 Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, ia an antioxidant that protects skin from sun
damage and free radicals. It also helps to reduce the appearance of wrinkles
and fine lines by encouraging collagen production.
 Vitamin E, also known as alpha-tocopherol, functions hand-in-hand with
Vitamin C to promote skin repair and smoothing.

Face masks

Skin-rejuvenating face masks are made using active ingredients that have anti-
aging properties and help encourage collagen production. Face masks contain
many of the same active ingredients as creams and serums; they are a potent
delivery method for active ingredients that rejuvenate the skin.

Noninvasive Skin Rejuvenation Treatments

Some people have more pronounced skin issues that would benefit from
noninvasive resurfacing techniques. A cosmetic surgeon can perform the following
treatments in-office to remove the top layer of skin and promote new skin and new
collagen growth.

Chemical peels

Chemical peels are procedures that use an acidic solution to address surface
damage to the skin such as mild scarring.

Your cosmetic surgeon will apply a solution such as salicylic acid, glycolic acid, or
trichloroacetic acid to your skin. The acid solution breaks up old skin cells and
removes the thin, top layer of skin.

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Results will vary depending on the strength of the acid and the depth of your peel
(i.e., how deeply the acid solution penetrates your skin). Results of a deep chemical
peel can last for up to 10 years.

Potential side effects include stinging, swelling and redness that could last
anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, depending on how strong the peel is.
Medium and deep chemical peels can potentially lead to bacterial infections.

Laser treatments

Laser skin rejuvenation use a laser to either remove the surface layer of skin or
heat the skin and promote new collagen formation.

Ablative laser treatments remove surface skin and require one to two weeks of
recovery time. nonablative treatments use heat to encourage collagen production
and require no downtime. (All types of laser rejuvenation treatments promote
collagen formation.)

Laser skin rejuvenation results can last for years if you protect your skin from
further sun damage and follow an anti-aging skin care routine afterward.

Home laser skin rejuvenation kits have nonablative lasers that can stimulate
collagen production; however, they tend to be less powerful than their clinical-use
counterparts.

Side effects of laser skin resurfacing include stinging, itching, peeling, swelling
and redness. Your skin might feel sunburned or stay pink for a few months; it
might also ooze or blister.

Microdermabrasion

Microdermabrasion treatments use gently abrasive sanding techniques to remove
the outer layer of skin.

Crystal microdermabrasion is performed with a handheld device that uses tiny
crystals to break up, then suction, the top layer of skin. Diamond
microdermabrasion involves a handheld, diamond-tipped wand to gently exfoliate
the top layer of skin.

Both types of microdermabrasion encourage new collagen production.

You may want to start with two treatments per month, then once a month for
maintenance. Results vary based on the amount of skin damage you had before you
began treatments, but should ultimately be long lasting.

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Side effects of microdermabrasion include bruising, redness, swelling, tenderness
or even petechiae (dark-colored spots indicative of bleeding under the skin).
Minimally Invasive Skin Rejuvenation Treatments
People who have sensitive skin and are unable to pursue skin resurfacing may
consider minimally invasive skin rejuvenation techniques.
Microneedling
Microneedling is a technique in which your cosmetic surgeon uses an instrument
called a dermaroller on your skin.
The dermaroller’s tiny needles prick your skin, stimulating collagen and elastin
production. Collagen and elastin tighten and firm skin, helping to restore a
youthful appearance.
Over the days and weeks following microneedling, your skin may look more
radiant. It takes several months for full results to appear, and it can take multiple
sessions to achieve ideal results.
Home dermarollers are available but are generally not as effective as professional
microneedling.
Side effects of microneedling include peeling, bruising, bleeding and bacterial
infection.

Botox
Botulinum toxin type A injections, including Botox, Dysport and Xeomin, are a
popular, minimally invasive way to treat a variety of facial wrinkles.
The active ingredient blocks nerve signals to the facial muscles where wrinkles
occur. This causes the muscles to relax and the wrinkles to smooth out.
Results appear within a week and last between three and four months. Wrinkles
return once the Botox wears off.

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Possible side effects of Botox injections include headache, flu-like symptoms,
swelling, bruising or pain at the site of the injection, muscle weakness, drooping
eyelids, drooling, crooked smile, dry or watery eyes.

Dermal fillers

Dermal fillers are injected under the skin to restore your face’s natural contours.

Soft-tissue fillers such as hyaluronic acid, poly-L-lactic acid, or formulations such
as Juvederm, Restylane or Voluma can help plump and smooth out skin.

Filler injections are often used to plump lips and cheeks and address deep lines and
wrinkles, under-eye circles and cheeks, vertical lines on the face and more. Results
are immediate and can last for months to years, depending on the filler used and
the individual.

Common side effects include pain, swelling, redness, rash, bruising and itching.

At-Home Skin Rejuvenation

Low-cost treatments are available for home use, including skin rejuvenation kits,
machines and natural products for skin rejuvenation, as detailed below. It’s
possible to make your own face masks at home, but the ingredients you use aren’t
as likely to be effective as a mask you’d purchase commercially.

Lower concentrations mean your home-use skin rejuvenation products won’t
produce results as dramatic or long-lasting as an in-office procedure. But, if you’re
only dealing with minor skin issues and want to save on costly procedures,
rejuvenating your skin at home could be a great option.

Skin rejuvenation kits and machines

You can purchase chemical peels, microdermabrasion kits, nonablative laser skin
resurfacing tools and microneedling rollers for home use.

Keep in mind, the home-use versions of these treatments are much milder and
gentler than in-office procedures. You might need to use your skin rejuvenation
machine more often than you’d visit an office for a procedure.

Read the product or device’s instructions carefully before use and talk to your
dermatologist if you have concerns.

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Natural products for skin rejuvenation

Some beauty gurus are proponents of natural remedies for rejuvenating the skin.
Some believe that all-natural ingredients are more wholesome and nourishing for
the skin.

Some of these natural remedies include:

 Argan, avocado and coconut oils to replenish moisture
 Vegetables and fruits applied directly to the face to soften and smooth skin
 Rosehip to moisturize, brighten and encourage collagen production
 Egg white face masks to tighten the skin and remove dead skin cells
 Green tea and honey face masks for an antioxidant boost
 Aloe vera and chamomile to soothe inflammation
 Coffee scrubs to gently exfoliate and brighten the skin
 Green tea bags under the eyes to combat puffiness

Always patch-test a small area of skin first to ensure you don’t experience irritation
or an allergic reaction.

Skin Rejuvenation Treatments Cost

Costs for skin rejuvenation procedures vary. Factors that add to the final total
include the procedure cost, your cosmetic surgeon’s fee, costs for anesthesia and
the facility and fees for prescription medication.

Elective cosmetic surgical procedures aren’t usually covered by insurance. Neither
are the potential complications associated with them

Takeaway

Skin rejuvenation products and procedures are appropriate for a wide range of skin
types and tones. These include noninvasive, minimally invasive and home-use
techniques that vary in cost and efficacy.

These procedures are effective in addressing a wide range of skin concerns
including sun damage, fine lines, wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, loose skin and
uneven skin tone.

Recovery and aftercare vary from one technique to another, from no downtime to
two weeks or more. It’s important to talk with your dermatologist about what’s
right for your unique needs, particularly if you have sensitive skin or a very dark
skin tone.

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B.

1. Современные парикмахерские инструменты.
Modern hairdressing tools.

Tiara-диадема
Clips-зажимы
Hairpins-заколки
Keratin-кератин
Braid-коса
Curl-локон
Modeling-моделирование
Bouffant-начес
Discoloration-обесцвечивание
Tint-оттенок
Permanent-перманент
Curling iron-плойка
Hot rollers-терм бигуди
Hairpin-шпилька
Elasticity-эластичность
Balm-бальзам
Basma-басма
Beads-бисер
Curls-букли

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Boutonniere-бутоньерка
Wreath-венок
Wave-волна
Glycerol-Глицерин
Comb-Гребень
foil - фольга
hair dryer- фен
gloves - перчатки
cape - накидка
hair trimmer - триммер для волос
curlers, rollers - бигуди
color bottle/ bowl – флакон / чаша для краски
dying brush – кисть для краски
curling iron - щипцы для завивки
flat iron – утюжок для выпрямления
scale - весы
hood dryer - сушуар
hand mirror – маленькое зеркало
styling brush - расческа
shears = scissors - ножницы
hair clip - зажим
hair pin - шпилька
hair dryer brush – расческа-фен
tail comb - гребень

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towel - полотенце
trolley - тележка

82

What is shown in the
picture? please
describe it.

What's it? What is
this device for?

83

What is this
tool for?

What is
this tool
for?

Insert the correct word in the text.
______consist of a shaft and teeth that are placed at a perpendicular angle to the
shaft. Combs can be made out of a number of materials, most commonly plastic,
metal or wood. Combs made from ivory and tortoiseshell were once common but
concerns for the animals that produce them have reduced their usage. When made
from wood, _______are largely made of boxwood, cherry wood or other fine-
grained wood. Good quality wooden combs are usually handmade and polished.

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2.Основные парикмахерские термины и приемы.
Basic hairdressing terms and techniques.

Hairdresser, stylist, barber -(the professionals who cut your hair)
Hairdressing salon, the barber’s / barber shop- (the barber’s is traditionally for
men)

Haircut, cut, trim, blowdry, wash, towel dry, dry trim, wet trim, highlights,
lowlights, relaxed, straightened, razor cut

Shampoo- (product that cleans your hair)
Conditioner -(product applied after shampoo – conditioner softens hair and makes
it more manageable)

Deep heat/conditioning treatment

Hair dye (to change the colour of your hair)

Hair styling products:

Hairdryer, scissors, clippers, trimmers, razor, straighteners, curling tongs, curling
irons

Gel, mousse, wax, cream, hair lacquer, hair spray, hair clips, hair slides
Men’s hairdressing vocabulary
A hair salon specifically for men is called a barber’s or a barber’s shop. For very
short hair cut that is cut with an electric razor, a grading system is used to
determine the length of the hair:

Grade 1 (3mm)

Grade 2 (6mm)

Grade 3 (9mm)

Grade 4 (12mm)
Buzz cut – hair that is cut short all over using electric clippers, usually very short
like in the army, usually a ‘grade 1’
Undercut – the top hair section is left much longer than the hair underneath,
creating an overhang effect

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Tapered – hair that fades gradually from one length to another, longer on top and
tapered down the sides and back

Crew cut – similar to a short back and sides, where the top is cut with scissors to
give it more texture and length, while the sides and back are tapered with an
electric razor

Short back and sides – a traditional man’s haircut, a ‘sensible’ haircut with short
back and sides and slightly longer on top

Taper – hair is tapered from longer to shorter as it reaches your neck line

Fade – similar to a taper but a fade goes down to the skin

Hairdressing vocabulary and meanings:

The follow hairdresser vocabulary is useful for talking about hair styling and hair
care:

Wash, cut and blowdry – this is when hair is washed, cut, dried and styled at the
salon

Trim – a small amount of hair cut off the ends of the hair to neaten your existing
style

Blowdry – hair is dried with a hairdryer

Towel dry – hair is dried with a towel

Dry trim – hair is cut while dry, without washing first (some salons do not offer a
dry trim)

Layers – hair cut in different lengths, shorter on the top layers and longer
underneath

Razor cut – hair cut with an angled razor to achieve a smooth, soft finish instead of
a sharp finish

Thinning (thick hair is thinned down with scissors to make it more manageable)

Highlights – hair is lightened in thin streaks all over the head (highlights can be
done for the ‘whole head’ or ‘half head’, which lightens just the top layers of hair)

Foils – foils are used for highlights in order to separate the highlighted parts from
the rest of the hair

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Highlighting cap – highlights can also be applied using a cap (where the hair is
pulled through holes in the cap) but this is less common than foils in modern
salons
Balayage – a highlighting technique where dye is painted on directly, without
using foils or a cap, to create a graduating colour effect
Perm – a chemical treatment that makes hair curly permanently
Parting – the place on top of your head where the hair parts to the left and right
Relaxed hair – a treatment for very tightly curled hair that ‘relaxes’ the hair and
straightens it.
Hair Vocabulary – Hair Styles

There are many different hair styles you can do yourself at home or ask the stylist
to create for when at the hairdresser salon. Some popular hair styles include:

Long, short, medium length hair

Straight, curly, wavy, ringlets (ringlets are tight spirals of hair)
Fringe (American: bangs) – hair at the front that comes down over the forehead

Bob (cut around shoulder length or shorter all the way around)
Lob – a long bob (a modern word!)

Coloured, dyed, bleached

Layered (the top layers of hair shorter than the bottom layers)
Choppy – cut in chunks so you can see the layers, not cut smoothly
Side parting / centre parting – parting at the side of the head / parting at the centre
of the head
Pixie cut – very short and shaped to frame the face, usually describes a woman’s
short hairstyle
Bun – a hair style that is a pulled into round knot behind your head
Cornrows – multiple plaits (American: braids) tied close to the head

To wear (put / tie) your hair up

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An ‘up do’ (any hair style that is pulled up and back off your face – common for
formal events, such as weddings)
To wear (let) your hair down (any style that is worn loose and not ‘up’ – ‘to let
your hair down‘ is also an idiom that means to relax and have fun)
Plait (American: braid), French plait, ponytail (also simply called a ‘pony’),
bunches (two ponytails, one on each side of the head), pigtails (two plaits, one on
each side of the head)

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3.Профессиональные фены и щипцы для выравни-
вания волос
professional hair dryers and tongs for straightening hair

How to choose the best hair straighteners for you
We’ve picked out some of the best hair straighteners this year has to offer, each
time electing for the top of the range set.

A good set of hair straighteners that provide frizz-free, polka straight styling
that lasts all day without damaging your hair should be thought of as an investment
– you get what you pay for.
However, whether you want the most expensive product on the market or you’re
looking for something on a budget, we’ve got you covered.
Of course, before you decide which set to buy, you should consider how much you
have to spend and the specific requirements of your locks – if you have particularly
thick hair or a fringe for example.
If you have thin or damaged hair then look for straighteners that have a low
temperature or temperature control, so you’re not putting too much strain on your
hair. And if you have long, thick hair, wider plates might make styling a bit more
manageable for you.
Of course, if you want to dry and style your hair without using extreme heat, look
no further than the Dyson AirWrap, which uses a technology called the Coanda
effect to style without damaging your hair.
So take a look at our top choices, most of which have been personally tested by our
team.

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The best hair straighteners you can buy today

1. GHD Platinum+ Hair
Straighteners

These are the most advanced hair
straighteners from GHD, the long-
reigning king when it comes to
hairstyling. They feature 'ultra-zone
with predictive technology', which
recognises the thickness of your
hair, the section size and the speed at
which you are styling, and adjusts
the power accordingly. The plates
monitor the heat 250 times per
second to ensure the optimum
styling temperature is maintained,
giving you perfect results and
stronger, healthier hair.

We found the new Platinum+ stylers
heat-up in around 20 seconds and
only need one stroke to get a great
finish on our hair. This comes in
very handy if you're in a hurry and
running late in the morning.

2. Dyson Corrale

Flexible plates and less heat for a
hassle-free sleek style

repare to be wowed by the new
Dyson Corrale. Dyson is really
stepping it up in the world of styling
and the Corrale is our new must-
have straightener in 2020! This
hybrid device offers up to 30
minutes cordless styling, meaning
you can easily pack it in your
handbag or suitcase for styling on
the go, and quickly recharge it
within 70 minutes or simply use it

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plugged in, too. You can be sure
your hair is in good hands with
Dyson’s new technology that offers
flexible plates that provide the same
quality of style but with less heat,
promising up to 50% less breakage.
The flexible plates also mean fewer
flyaways as they gather the hair and
provide extra comfort and control
when styling.

While these straighteners are
certainly on the pricier side, we’ve
been very impressed with Dyson’s
hair stylers, including the Dyson
Supersonic hairdryer, and their new
Dyson Airwrap which we’ve also
featured in our best curlers. If you
want that salon-quality, then you
might want to consider investing in
the Corrale.

3. GHD Gold Styler

Totally chic and effortless styling

GHD is a classic brand that have
never let us down when it comes to
styling, especially straightening. We
love the fact that these stylers are
available in a number of different
colourways, including this limited
edition neo-mint version. We love
this beautiful green colour and how
smooth the plates are. The fact that
it’s so compact and comes in a
handy heat proof travel bag means
it’s perfect for styling on the go-
holidays and festivals are sorted.

This straightener runs at 185-degrees
which is the optimal styling
temperature and isn’t as hot as other
brands which is good for weaker and

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dryer hair. These GHDs also
automatically switch off after 30
minutes of inactivity so you never
have to worry about whether you’ve
left them on again. They are on the
higher end of the scale but a good
price for limited edition. Plus,
GHD’s are an investment and tend
to last a lot longer than some other
inexpensive brands.

4. BaByliss Straight and Curl
Brilliance Hair Straightener

Sleek, beautiful and versatile

These Babyliss straighteners are a
game changer for those who want an
all-in-one style. The extra-long
plates and advanced ceramics make
them ideal for all hair types,
including thicker hair, and allow you
to create that ultra-sleek look as well
as a number of other styles.

The product’s black and rose gold
accents are beautiful with a stainless
steel curved outer coating which
makes them easy to hold. These
straighteners have an auto shut off
after 72 minutes, perfect for those
who can be a little forgetful when
getting ready to go out.

5. Cloud Nine The Original Iron
These straighteners were not only a
joy to use, straightening my hair
quickly and efficiently (even my
signature kinks required only a
single pass) but people commented
on how shiny my now sleek and
straight hair was. The best bit – the

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morning after straightening (a full
24 hours) our hair was still straight
and sleek and we didn’t have to re-
do it! Is there a better accolade that
that? These come with a luxury heat
protective carry case and a heat
guard. We love that the plug can be
adapted to use in Europe, really
handy if you travel a lot!

6. Toni & Guy Illusion Styler
Straightener

Fantastic straightening and price
point

Straightening was effortless with the
Toni & Guy Illusion Styler
Straightener – they glided through
our hair and straightened it quickly.
The titanium plates are longer than
standard at 25mm and this certainly
seems to help with speedy
straightening. We liked the beep to
tell us when they were on/off and
when they’d reached the desired
temperature. There are five
temperature settings, accessed via a
digital touch panel, concealed in the
inner housing, which worked
seamlessly. Comes with a funky
heatproof storage pouch and heat
proof mat – great if you travel with
your straighteners. These
straighteners are a genuine bargain
at the discounted price

7. T3 Singlepass X Straightening
Iron
he T3 Singlepass X Straightening
Iron is a godsend for anyone with
thick or coarse hair (it will also
delight those who don’t). These
straighteners maintain consistent

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heat while styling so you can
straighten your hair in a single glide
– they really do make fast and light
work of the most unruly of dos. Our
hair was straight and shiny all day
long. This straightener even
remembers your heat setting for next
time (there are five to choose from)
– a true friend! Watch out if you
have a fringe though - the extra
width of the iron (1.5-inch plates)
that makes them so great for difficult
hair makes styling fringes a little
tricky.

8. BaByliss 3Q Hair Straightener

Adds shine but makes noise
These have 12 heat settings and a
‘protect’ mode, which adjusts
temperature according to your hair.
Hair was straight and super shiny in
no time using the BaByliss 3Q Hair
Straightener. The shine is thanks to
their ionic conditioning technology
but unfortunately this is what also
makes a noise. They come with a
sticker on the straighteners to tell
you any noise from the ionic port is
normal but we just couldn’t relax
with it. You also have to press the
button very firmly to turn them off
but the auto shut off function eased
our paranoia there.

9. Panasonic Nano Hair
Straightener (EH-HS95)

Straight and glossy hair but a tad
too expensive

These straighteners, with five
different heat settings, make your

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hair look and feel glossy. They
feature air holes at the tip which
have been designed to nourish
your hair while styling and it
works – no heat damage here,
thanks. During use the
straighteners occasionally pulled
our hair– we are assuming this
happened because the plate
doesn’t go all the way to the edge
of the straighteners – not a big
deal but something the others
didn’t do and disappointing as all
the other features are brilliant.

Best hair dryer 2020: quick, frizz-free drying for all hair types

Which hair dryer will give you the best blow dry?

How to choose the best hair dryer for you

A good hairdryer is an investment in terms of your personal style and the health of
your hair. You need to consider the type of hair you have, whether it’s thick or
thin, long or short, and what you want to achieve. Do you simply want it to dry
your hair or do you want to use it for styling too?

Our hair is in its most fragile state when it’s wet, which is why it’s so important to
choose the right hair dryer for you, and to take the necessary steps to protect your
hair when drying it. This includes using heat protection spray, and always starting
out on a low temperature when drying.

From here you can select a high temperature setting to style, without damaging
your hair. Most dryers have a cold shot, designed to lock finished styles in place.

So check out our final list, which includes some old favourites that have been tried
and tested, plus some of the newest models on the market that consumers are
raving about.

Of course, only one hairdryer can take the crown of THE BEST on the market and
that accolade goes to the

Dyson Supersonic

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. Yes, it’s the most expensive on test but it’s also the best on the market – it made
hairstyling a doddle – we achieved our chosen style quickly and comfortably with
maximum shine, no frizz and we were able to listen to the radio while we dried too
– a revelation!

The best hair dryers you can buy today

1. Dyson Supersonic Hair Dryer

Expensive but high-tech and an
absolute joy to use

The fact that Dyson has put the
Supersonic’s motor in the handle is a
game-changer for hairdryer design.
For users it means that the weight is
better balanced – no arm ache with
this sleekly styled beauty, and it won’t
overheat at all either. Both the
quietness and modest weight of just
618g are to be commended.

The Supersonic was an absolute joy to
use. We loved it’s high-end stainless
steel magnetic interface – the two
differently sized nozzles and the
diffuser just snap into place
magnetically, so you can choose the
direction and angle that’s best for your
style. It’s super simple to use and
boasts an in-built regulator so you’ll
never overheat, and in turn damage,
your hair. Using this our hair felt salon
perfect – shiny and bouncy with
absolutely no frizz. There’s no
denying it’s expensive, but it is
brilliant, and we think totally worth it.

2. Ghd Helios Hair Dryer

The quicker, more professional way to
blow dry

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The GHD Helios Hair Dryer is the
brand’s newest addition to it’s hair
styling range. The Helios is powerful
and works with ionic technology to
fight the frizz, so if you’re prone to
flyaways, you can’t go wrong with
GHD. If you’re looking for an
investment, The Helios is set to last as
it comes with a new brushless motor
which promotes longer life as well as
making it powerful and speeding up
your drying/styling routine. Compared
to other hair dryers, The Helios is said
to have unique acoustic technology to
make it quieter which is ideal if you
live with other people.

3. Cloud Nine Airshot Hair Dryer

Get salon-quality blow-dry at home

Cloud Nine’s Airshot Hairdryer is
designed to give you that salon fresh
feeling at home. It comes with variable
temperature control which adapts to
your hair, protecting it from harsh
blasts of hot air. Whether you’re
wanting to dry it straight and sleek or
with bouncy waves, the cool shot
button will ensure your style is locked
in place, whilst nourishing and
protecting the cuticles. This product
also features anti-static technology
which deters frizz and flyaways.

4. Panasonic Nanoe Hair Dryer

Reliable and affordable style

While Panasonic may not seem like a
brand that mixes with hair care, this
Panasonic Nanoe Hair Dryer works
with super intelligent technology to
lock in moisture and leave your hair
feeling soft and smooth. This hair
dryer comes with a quick dry nozzle

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for those who are short for time, and a
diffuser for those of you who like to
try different styles. The different
speeds and temperatures can be
selected based on the condition of your
hair, with a setting called “healthy”
which will dry your hair at 50 degrees
for a far less harsh blow dry. Overall
this hair dryer is nicely designed and
great value for money!

5. Ghd Aura

Comfortable in the hand and loaded
with features

The aura is a great looking hair dryer,
which also feels like a professional
hair tool in the hand. ‘Cool-Wall’
technology keeps the aura’s nozzle
and casing cool to the touch, even
when using the high heat setting, so
you can move the nozzle as much as
you like for a precise and comfortable
blow dry. This tech combined with the
focused airflow enabled us to achieve
a sleek blow dry with healthy feeling
hair that while full of natural body had
minimal frizz. The ghd aura is set to a
maximum airflow temperature of 137
degrees – optimum for styling without
damage, so you don’t have to worry
about heat damage. Highly
recommended.

6. Remington Proluxe Ionic
Hairdryer

The best budget blow-dry

The Remington PROluxe hair dryer
promises 24 hours worth of salon-

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worthy hair thanks to a new intelligent
OPTIheat technology and the unique
Style Shot feature. Combined, these
two technologies cleverly uses heat to
shape, sculpt, and lock your style in
place. The exclusive styling
concentrator shape has been designed
specifically to enhance airflow and
heat distribution, allowing you to
target the heat to where your hair
needs it most.

We love that Remington is a reliable
brand, and that this dryer is much
more affordable than others on this
list, making it the perfect budget
option.

. T3 Featherweight Luxe 2i

A super precise, top looking hair
dryer

The T3 Featherweight Luxe 2i delivers
a great blow-dry – the dryer felt like it
was very gentle on our hair and the
airflow was precise. This dryer is
equipped with T3 Tormaline SoftAire
with T3 Iron Generator technology,
but all you really need to know is our
hair was left shiny, without any visible
frizz and felt incredibly healthy –
result. The quality T3 barrel brush
included with the dryer proved to be
the perfect partner for a salon-worthy
blow dry. The only snag with this
great looking dryer is that when using
it your hand can slip because the
smooth handle surface, which looks
great, can become difficult to grip as
your hand gets warm.

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5.Вода и растворы. Дезинфекция парикмахерских инструментов.
Water and solutions. Disinfection of hairdressing tools.

What is water disinfection?

Water disinfection

What is water disinfection?

Water disinfection means the removal, deactivation or killing of pathogenic
microorganisms. Microorganisms are destroyed or deactivated, resulting in
termination of growth and reproduction. When microorganisms are not removed
from drinking water, drinking water usage will cause people to fall ill.
Sterilization is a process related to disinfection. However, during the sterilization
process all present microorganisms are killed, both harmful and harmless
microorganisms.

Media
Disinfection can be attained by means of physical or chemical disinfectants. The
agents also remove organic contaminants from water, which serve as nutrients or
shelters for microorganisms. Disinfectants should not only kill microorganisms.
Disinfectants must also have a residual effect, which means that they remain active
in the water after disinfection. A disinfectant should prevent pathogenic
microorganisms from growing in the plumbing after disinfection, causing the water
te be recontaminated.

For chemical disinfection of water the following disinfectants can be used:
- Chlorine (Cl2)
- Chlorine dioxide (ClO2)
- Hypo chlorite (OCl-)
- Ozone (O3)
- Halogens: bromine (Br2), iodene (I)
- Bromine chloride (BrCl)
- Metals: copper (Cu2+), silver (Ag+)
- Kaliumpermanganate (KMnO4)
- Fenols
- Alcohols
- Soaps and detergents
- Kwartair ammonium salts
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Several acids and bases

For physical disinfection of water the following disinfectants can be used:

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