Ramro Nepali 7

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k:' ts k|sfzg u[x k|f= ln=
sf7df8f,“} g]kfn
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n]vg tyf ;Dkfbg
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t;] f| ] ;:+ s/0f M @)&%
k'gd'{b|0f M @)&&

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ISBN : 978-9937-8129-2-4

ks| fzs
k':ts k|sfzg u[x k|f= ln=
sf7df8f}“, g]kfn
kmf]gM )!–$$^%*!)

g]kfndf dl' bt|

xfdf| ] egfO

/fd|f] gk] fnL g]kfnL efiffnfO{ dft[efiff tyf dfWod efiffsf ¿kdf k|of]u ug{]
ljBfnotxsf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu g]kfnL efifflzIf0f u/fpg] p2]Zon] tof/
kfl/Psf kf7\ok:' tsx¿sf] z[ª\vnf xf] . oL kf7\ok:' tsx¿df /flvPsf
kf7\o;fdu|Lsf] ljifoj:t' / ltgsf] ljGof;²ddf ljBfyL{x¿sf] pd]/, dgf]lj1fg,
jftfj/0f tyf k"j{1fgsf] Vofn ul/Psf] 5 / ltgnfO{ efifflzIf0fsf cfwf/
e"t l;4fGtcg;' f/ Joj:yfkg ul/Psf] 5 . oxL sf/0fn] ubf{ of] z[ª\vnf
ljBfnotxsf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] g]kfnL efifflzIf0f u/fpg]
cfwf/e"t lzIf0f;fdu|L aGg] s/' fdf xfdL cfzfjfbL 5f}F .
/fd|f] g]kfnL sIff & af/b]lv t]/ jif{ pd]/;d"xsf afnaflnsfx¿sf nflu g]kfnL
efifflzIf0f u/fpg] p2]Zon] tof/ kfl/Psf] kf7\ok':ts xf] . o; kf7\ok':tsdf
rf}w j6f kf7x¿ 5g\ / x/]s kf7nfO{ kf7 ;?' ug'{cl3b]lv ;'? ul/Psf] 5 / dn"
kf7, ljleGg lsl;dsf cEof;, cEof;leqsf] kf7 x'“b}, l;h{gfTds n]vg;Dd
cfOkU' bf cf7 k[i7df Jojl:yt ul/Psf] 5 . ljBfyL{nfO{ d"n kf7k|lt cledv'
u/fpg lrqdo l²ofsnfksf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . efiffsf rf/ j6} l;knfO{ ;/n
9ª\un] l;sfpg] cEof;x¿ 5g\ / To;/L l;s]sf s'/fnfO{ lr/:yfoL agfpg x/]s
kf7df kg' a{nsf cEof;x¿ /flvPsf 5g\ . o;sf ;fy} l;sfOnfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpg cfsif{s lnlk tyf /ª;+of]hgdf kf7fg'sn" sf afndgf]lj1fgnfO{ ljrf/
k¥' ofOPsf afnlk|o tyf /ª\uLg lrqx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .
cGTodf, o; k':tssf] n]vg tyf ;Dkfbgsf ²ddf k|ToIf jf k/f]If¿kdf
;xof]u ug'{x'g] ;Dk"0f{ dxfg'efjk|lt xflb{s s[t1tf 1fkg ub}{ k':tssf lrqsf/
af;' lIflth, l8hfOg/ jL/]Gb| >]i7 tyf k|sfzg / ljt/0fsf] lhDdf lng] k':ts
k|sfzg u[xk|lt cfef/ k|s6 ub{5f}“ . o; k:' tsnfO{ cem ;/n, ;/;, ql' 6xLg /
p2]Zok0" f{ agfpg ;x[boL ljifolj1 tyf lzIfsju{sf] cdN" o ;Nnfx / ;'emfjsf]
ck]Iff ub{5f}“ .
n]vs tyf ;Dkfbsåo
dª\l;/ @)^%

ljifo–;"rL

!= gk] fn} g/x] sljtf !
@= kfr“ ?lkof“ syf !!
#= ;+;f/sf] ;aeGbf ;'Gb/ bz] lgaGw @!
$= c/lgsf] hLjgL #!
%= d'gfdbg sljtf $!
^= afns PsnJo syf %!
&= ljb]zL ;fyL dfOsnnfO{ kq lr7L ^!
*= dflg; lgaGw &!
(= jL/ kv' f{ sljtf *!
!)= nf} k¥of] km;fb † syf (!
!!= uf]g' emf / kl08tx¿ ;j+ fb !)!
!@= ;f“Rr} † :ju{ hfg] 9fs] f g} xf] < lgofqf !!!
!#= cfdf sljtf !@!
!$= kfgL lgaGw !#!
!%= nfn' / sfn syf !$!
!^= ca|fxd lnªs\ g hLjg !%#

kf7 ;?' ugc{' l3 kf7 !

gk] fn} g/x]

õ dflysf] lrqdf ePsf s6] fs6] Ln] s] xl] //xs] f xf]nfg\ <
õ pgLx¿n] bV] g ;Sg] s'g} kf“r cf]6f s/' fx¿sf] gfd eg .

zAb / cy{

;G‰ofn – ;fgf] ‰ofnÒ snfTds ‰ofn ‰ofnL – ‰ofD6f afhf
r'6\sf
VofnL – Ps lsl;dsf] nfs] noÒ r6' \lsnf 6fs/' f – cUnf] r'r'/f]
kv' f{ – cu|h
– rf8kj{df ufOt] nf]suLt

1/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff &

dn" kf7

gk] fn} g/x]

–/fi6«slj dfwjk;| fb l3ld/]

g]kfnL xfdL /xf“n} f sxf“ gk] fn} g/x]
prfO xfd|f] rl' nG5 sxf“ lxdfn} g/x] .

t/fO{ xfdf| ] ;g' sf] 6'qmf lxdfn lx/fsf]
df6f] / kfgL klxnf] wg wtLs{ f 5f/] fsf]
3 V[IDœ I [@ I`œQI I *eRIQ` J [@
gk] fnL xfdL /xfn}“ f sxf“ g]kfn} g/x] .

2 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff &

b;}“ / ltxf/ /dfOnf xfdf| r'8s\ f / VofnLn]
xb[ o xfd|f] h'd'{/fp5“ lhtsf] ‰ofnLn]
a“;} sf] tfndf gfrfn}“ f sxf“ dfbn} g/x]
g]kfnL xfdL /xf}n“ f sxf“ gk] fn} g/x] .
cfsfz 5g' ] 6fs'/f xfd|f] e6] /] el] 6Gg
kf}/vL xfd|f k'vf{sf] kfOnf d]6]/ dl] 6Gg
laDemfn}“ f sxf“, kj" s{ f] k}nf] pHofn} g/x]
g]kfnL xfdL /xf}n“ f sxf“ g]kfn} g/x] .

3/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff &

zAbe08f/;DaGwL cEof;

!= tnsf zAb z'4;“u pRrf/0f u/ M

rl' nG5 6q' mf wtL{ ;G‰ofn r6' \sf

VofnL hd' {'/fpF5 ‰ofnL laDemf}“nf x[bo

@= tnsf kbfjnL / cy{sf] hf]8f ldnfpm M

wtL{sf 5f]/f cUnf lxdfn rr' '/f

lhtsf] ‰ofnL kv' f{sf] of]ubfg

x[bo hd' '{/fpg' wtL{sf ;Gtfg

a}“;sf] tfn x[bo cfglGbt xg' '

cfsfz 5g' ] 6fs'/f o'jfx¿sf] z}nL

k'vf{sf] kfOnf ljhosf] pNnf;

#= Pp6} cy{ lbg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h/] n]v M

cUnf]kg ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;DklQ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

‰ofD6f ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cu|h ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ljho ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ of}jg ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

z}nL ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ uug ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

k}tfnf ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ r'r/' f ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

$= g]kfnLn] dgfpg] b; cf6] f rf8af8sf gfd n]v .

%= tnsf zAbsf] pN6f] cy{ lbg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ nv] M

klZrd ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ xf/ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

a]tfn ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ kftfn ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

clGtd ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ c“Wof/f] ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

^= jfSo agfpm M

wtL{, lht, x[bo, 6fs'/f, pHofnf]

4 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff &

afw] / cleJolSt;DaGwL cEof;

!= ;'gfO kf7–! Wofgkj" {s ;g' / vfnL 7fpdF f l7s zAb e/ M

;DemG5' d ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cfF;s' f] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ v;fnL

of] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ dn' 'sdf a:b}g ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ a;fnL

gf}F 8f8fsf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ b]z 5 d]/f]

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 3fd gnfu] ;+;f/} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ .

@= ;g' fO kf7–! k'gM ;'g]/ l7s pQ/df /]hf nufpm .

s_ lxdfnrn' L d'lGt/ s] 5 <

c_ tfn cf_ kFw]/f]

v_ a]F;Llt/ x]bf{ s] b]lvG5 <

c_ nfnLu'/fF; cf_ KofpnL

u_ GofpnL r/L s] u5{ <

c_ lj/x af]N5 . cf_ lk/tL a:5 .

3_ ;fyLx¿ s;/L hg' ]nL /ft latfpF5g\ <

c_ ufpFbfufpFb} cf_ gfRbfgfRb}

ª_ ;+;f/ slt v]/ cFWof/f] x'G5 <

c_ ;"o{ c:tfPkl5 cf_ dgdf 3fd gnfu]kl5

#= ltdLnfO{ g]kfnsf] s'g 7fpF ;aeGbf dg k5{ < lsg < s] ltdL ToxfF k'us] f 5f} <
atfpm .

$= …g]kfn} g/x]Ú sljtf no xfn]/ k9 M

s_ ;a} ljBfyL{n] Ps}k6s

v_ ljleGg ;d"x;dx" agfP/

u_ Pp6f ;d"xn] b'O{ kª\lSt / csf]{ ;dx" n] b'O{ kª\lSt ub}{

3_ PSnfPSn}

5/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff &

%= sljtfsf kªl\ St k"/f u/ M
g]kfnL ÒÒÒÒÒÒ /xf}“nf ÒÒÒÒÒÒ g]kfn} ÒÒÒÒÒÒ
prfO ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ sxf“ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ .

^= tnsf] Znfs] lzIfsaf6 ;g' /] nv] M
cfsfz 5g' ] 6fs/' f xfd|f] e]6]/ e]l6Gg
kf}/vL xfd|f kv' f{sf] kfOnf d]6]/ d]l6Gg
laDemf}“nf sxf“, k"j{sf] k}nf] pHofn} g/x]
g]kfnL xfdL /xf}“nf sxf“ g]kfn} g/x] .

&= pQ/ b]pm M
s_ xfd|f] prfO s]n] a9fPsf] 5 <
v_ t/fO{ / lxdfnnfO{ lsg ;'g / lx/fsf] 6'qmf elgG5 <
u df6f] / kfgL s;/L wtL{sf 5f]/fsf] wg xf] <
3_ ;+;f/nfO{ x]g{ s] rflxG5 <
ª_ b;}“ / ltxf/nfO{ s]n] /dfOnf] agfp“5 <
r_ dfbnsf] tfndf o'jfx¿ s;/L gfR5g\ <
5_ xfdL s] s/' f d]6]/ d]6\g ;Sb}gf}“ <
h_ xfdLnfO{ s]n] Ao“'emfp“5 <

*= JofVof u/ M
s_ g]kfnL xfdL /xf}“nf sxf“ g]kfn} g/x]
prfO xfd|f] rl' nG5 sxf“ lxdfn} g/x] .
v_ t/fO{ xfd|f] ;'gsf] 6q' mf lxdfn lx/fsf]
df6f] / kfgL klxnf] wg wtL{sf 5f]/fsf] .
u_ cfsfz 5'g] 6fs/' f xfd|f] e]6]/ e]l6Gg
kf}/vL xfd|f k'vf{sf] kfOnf d]6]/ d]l6Gg .

(= …gk] fn} g/xÚ] sljtfsf] ;f/f+z cfºg} efiffdf n]v .
6 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff &

Jofs/0f;DaGwL cEof;

!= tnsf kT| oox¿ hf]8L gof“ zAb agfpm M

g]kfn ± O{ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lxdfn ± O{ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

kxf8 ± O{ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ psfnf] ± O{ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

dw]; ± O{ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cf]/fnf] ± O{ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

@= kf7 k9L …/k] mÚ / …rGbl| aGb'Ú nfus] f zAb gbf]xf]¥ofO{ nv] .

#= ;+;f/df ;a} s/' fsf] gfd xG' 5 . ca tn ;fl] wP cg;' f/ gfd n]v M

s_ kf“r hgf dfG5]sf gfd

ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ

v_ kf“r cf]6f k|f0f ePsf j:t'sf] gfd

ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ

u_ kf“r cf]6f k|f0f gePsf j:ts' f] gfd

ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ

3_ kf“r cf]6f uGg ;lsg] j:ts' f] gfd

ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ

ª_ kf“r cf]6f uGg g;lsg] j:ts' f] gfd

ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ

r_ kf“r cf]6f 5'g b]Vg ;lsg] j:t'sf] gfd

ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ

5_ kf“r cf]6f 5'g b]Vg g;lsg] j:t'sf] gfd

ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ

$= tnsf gfdnfO{ jfSodf ko| fu] u/ M

dfbn, dfG5], b;}“, x'n, ;g' , lx/f, prfO, dfof, g]kfn

7/fd|f] gk] fnL sIff &

cEof;leqsf] kf7
bz] elSt

s'g} klg JolStsf] dgdf /xs] f] cfºgf] b]zk|ltsf] ddtf / >4fnfO{ bz] elSt elgG5 .
bz] elStnfO{ bz] kd|] jf /fi6«elSt klg elgG5 . hf] cfºgf] b]znfO{ k|f0feGbf Kof/f] 7fG5,
cfºgf] b]zsf] lxtsf nflu h:tf];'s} sl7g sfd ug{ klg tTk/ /xG5, Tof] b]zeSt xf] .

bz] elStn] sg' } klg b]zsf hgtfx¿sf] efjgfaf6 hGd lnG5 / pgLx¿sf] sda{ f6 ;fsf/
¿k lnG5 . h'g bz] sf hgtfx¿df cfºgf] b]zsf] pGgltsf nflu sx] L u/f}“ eGg] efjgf
x'G5, To; b]zn] cjgltsf] slxNo} ;fdgf ug{'kbg{} . hg' b]zsf hgtfx¿df cfºgf] b]zdfly
cfOk/s] f] h:tf];s' } ;ª\s6sf] ;fdgf ug{] ;fx; xG' 5, To; bz] n] slxNo} k/fwLgtf
l:jsfg'k{ b{g} . hg' b]zsf hgtfx¿df …dÚ / …d]/fÚ] xfO] g, …xfdLÚ / …xfd|fÚ] eGg] efjgf x'G5,
Tof] bz] ;+;f/sf ;a} bz] af6 cnu eP klg PSnf] x'g'kb}{g .

To;}n] bz] elStnfO{ To:tf] /fdjf0fsf] ¿kdf lng ;lsG5, h;sf] pkof]un] b]z ljgfz
xfO] g, ljsf;sf] l;9“ L r9\5 . bz] elStnfO{ To:tf] ;DklQsf] ¿kdf lng ;lsG5, h;sf]
pkef]un] bz] emg\emg\ ;DkGg xG' 5 . bz] elStnfO{ To:tf] c:qsf] ¿kdf lng ;lsG5, h;sf]
k|ofu] n] c0f' adx¿ klg lg:t]h x'G5g\ .

!= tnsf zAbx¿sf] cy{ k9 M

tTk/ M tof/

;fsf/ M cfsf/;lxt

cjglt M lubf]{ cj:yf

;fdgf M hW' g] sfd

;ª\s6 M ;ª\si6Ù cK7\of/f]

k/fwLgtf M csf{sf] cwLgdf /xg] efj

/fdjf0f M cr's cf}ifwL

c:q M xltof/

@= cEof;leqsf] kf7 Ps hgfn] k9 . c¿n] Wofgk"j{s ;'g .

8 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff &

#= tnsf zAb ko| f]u ePsf jfSox¿ /fd|f cIf/n] ;f/ .

ddtf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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pGglt M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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k/fwLgtfM ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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/fdjf0fM ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

$= pQ/ n]v M

s_ b]zelSt eg]sf] s] xf] <

v_ s:tf JolStnfO{ b]zeSt elgG5 <

u_ sg' } klg b]z s'g cj:yfdf k/fwLg xF'b}g <

3_ …xfdLÚ / …xfd|f]Ú eGg] efjgf eP b]z s] xG' 5 <

ª_ b]zelStnfO{ s'gsg' ¿kdf lnOPsf] 5 <

%= cEof;leqsf] kf7af6 tnsf] tflnsf el/g] u/L zAb l6k M

gfd ;j{gfd ljz]if0f lqmofkb

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

9/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff &

;fdl" xs lqmofsnfk

õ =bO' b{ O' { hgfsf] ;dx" ag . ca kT| os] ;d"xn] gk] fnsf la; cf]6f lhNnfsf gfd /
tL lhNnfaf6 ags] f ljz]if0f klg nv] M

emfkf – emfkfnL ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

l;hg{ fTds n]vg

õ d]/f] bz] zLif{sdf Pp6f sljtf n]v . cfkm"n] n]vs] f] sljtf sIffsf ;fyLx¿nfO{ klg
;'gfpm .
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

10 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff &

kf7 ;'? ug{c' l3 kf7 @

kfrF ?lkofF

k};fn]===

ò k':ts lsGg ;lsG5 . ò ljBf lsGg ;lsb“ }g .

ò uxgf lsGg ;lsG5 . ò ;G' b/tf lsGg ;ls“b}g .

ò dxn lsGg ;lsG5 . ò OHht lsGg ;ls“bg} .

ò ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ò ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ò ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ò ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ò ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ò ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

õ dflysf] sljtf+zdf c¿ tLg kª\lStx¿ yk / sIffsf ;fyLnfO{ ;g' fpm .

zAb / cy{

bs' fg – k;n t[i0ff – ltvfÒ{ nf]e
uj{ – 3dG8 bDek0" f{ – b]vfj6L :jfª ePsf]
ckdflgt – ckx]lnt lgifw] – /fs] fj6Ò /fs] nufPsf]
cf“vf v'Ng' – yfxf kfpg' kl| tlaDa – P]gfÒ k|ltR5fof
PZ] jo{ – wg;DklQ zf]sfs'n – zfs] n] cfs'n ePsf]
qmGbg – b'Mv el/Psf] ?jfO ;djb] gf – c¿nfO{ b'Mv kbf{ cfkm"nfO{ klg To:t}
qmfl] wt – l/;fPsf]Ò IfA' w
uugr'DaL – cfsfz 5g' ] vfnsf] ;xfge' "lt b'Mv nfUg] cg'ej
Unflg – k5t' f]Ò kZrfQfkÒ lvGgtf ;as – csf{sf] b'Mv cflbdf x'g] ;dfg cg'el" t
– kf7

11/fd|f] g]kfnL sIff &

d"n kf7

kfFr ?lkofF

–efuL/yL >]i7

6f]ne/df s[i0f ;fx' ;aeGbf ;DkGg
lyP . pgsf] sk8fsf] 7n' f] bs' fg lyof] .
3/ klg ljzfn lyof] . pgsL >LdtL
klg lyOg\ . >LdtLsf] gfd /df]nf lyof] .
pgsf] Pp6f 5f]/f] lyof] . 5f]/fsf] gfd
ofu] ]z lyof] .

si[ 0f ;fx' cfºgf] ;DkGgtfdfly uj{
uy{] . pgL cfºgf] wg;DklQ / PZ] jo{
bv] /] dSv lyP . pgL ul/a / ljkGg
l5ds] Lx¿;“u af]Ng klg cfkm" ckdflgt
ePsf] ;DemGy] . l5d]sLx¿sf 3/df
kj| z] ug{] s'/f t k/} hfcf;] \ oxf;“ Dd ls l5ds] Lx¿dWo] s;s} f] dT[ o' ePdf cfkm" ;djb] gf
k|s6 ug{ guO{sg Pp6f af| x\d0fnfO{ kf“r ?lkof“ lbP/ k7fpg] ub{y] . pgn] :jf:gL /
5f]/fnfO{ klg 6fn] sf s'g} l5ds] L;“u afN] g / pgLx¿sf 3/ hfg lgifw] u/s] f lyP . p;sf]
o:tf] 3dG8 / bDek"0f{ Jojxf/ bv] /] l5ds] Lx¿ If'Aw ePsf lyP . qmfl] wt ePsf lyP .

Ps lbg 6f]nl5d]ssf] s'g} 3/sf Ps ;b:osf] dT[ o' eof] . To; 3/af6 /fb] gqmGbg
XO
*KRI@ 7R VI eRIQ I@VIDI NOJ FI œ
D8RI@ I I IQ@ ]I@VGI $
RI@ I@QVI
cGo l5d]sLx¿ To; 3/df ;djb] gf k|s6 ug{ uP . To;avt si[ 0f ;fx' 3/df kKn'
v]ln/x]sf lyP, cfºgf ;DkGg ;fyLx¿;u“ . pgLx¿ lao/ lkpb“ } lyP . sv' /' fsf ;k6] f
nl' 5/x]sf lyP . dfn{af/] f] r'/f]6sf] wj' f“ 5f]l8/xs] f lyP . To; dt[ ssf] kl/jf/af6 lg:s]sf]
/fb] gqmGbgn] pgsf] v]ndf afwf k¥' ofO/x]sf] lyof] . t;y{ pgL sf]7fsf ‰ofn9fs] fx¿ y'g]/
d:t;“u tf; vN] g yfn] . nfU] gs] f] cf1fcg';f/ >LdtL /df]nfn] a|fxd\ 0fnfO{ kfr“ ?lkof“
lbP/ k7fOg\ .

pgLx¿sf] ?jfOn] si[ 0f ;fx'sf] s7f/] dgnfO{ kufng] . pgsf] x[bodf bof, dfof, ddtf /
;xfge' l" tsf] ;fu/ png{] .

pgLleqsf] ;Dk0" f{ dfgjtf /ª\uLg kKn' / ;DkGgtfn] x/fPsf] lyof] . pgLleqsf] ;Dk"0f{
;j+ b] gfsf] dn" 3dG8 / cxds\ f] l;d]G6n] 6flnPsf] lyof] . pgsf] x[bosf] sf]dntf

12 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff &

j}ejsf] s7f/] aGwgleq hsl8Psf] lyof] . pgsf] dgsf] cf“vf] ti[ 0ff / :jfy{sf] kbf{n]
5f]lkPsf] lyof] . pgsf] lzi6tfnfO{ :jfys{ f] s}“rLn] sfl6lbPsf] lyof] .

lbgx¿ ;w“} Psg} f;sf xb“' }gg\ . dfG5] ;w“} lzv/df dfq r9g\ ;Sb}g . lzv/af6 kmb] Ldf
klg emg{'kb5{ . ;dosf] xfjf;u“ axg afWo 5 dfG5] . ;DkGg ju{n] cflys{ bM' v efU] g gk/]
klg dfgl;s bM' v em]Ng'kbf{] /x5] . of] k|s[ltsf] lgod g} xf] .

Ps lbg s[i0f ;fx'sf] hLjgdf klg cfw“ Lx'/L cfof] . pgsL >LdtLsf] dT[ on' ] pgL zf]sfsn'
eP . To; uugr'DaL dxnaf6 klg cf“;', jb] gf / lj/x au] . 6fn] sf dfG5x] ¿ ;a} Ps
7fp“df hDdf eP/ ;Nnfx u/] .

Pp6f dn" Ln] eg–] æs[i0f ;fx' cfh;Dd 6f]nsf l5ds] Lx¿sxf“ dbfk{ bf{ uPsf 5}gg\ . ;w}“
af| x\d0fnfO{ kfr“ ?lkof“ lbP/ k7fpg] u5g{ \ . To;sf/0f s[i0f ;fxn' fO{ xfdLn] klg ;as
l;sfpgk' b5{ . ToxL af| xd\ 0fnfO{ xfdL ;as} f tkma{ f6 kf“r ?lkof“ lbP/ k7fcf,}“ h;n] ubf{
si[ 0f ;fxs' f dgdf ljjs] knfcf];\ .Æ

;an} ] ;dyg{ u/] . pgLx¿n] ToxL si[ 0f ;fx'sf] a|fx\d0fnfO{ kf“r ?lkof“ lbP/ k7fP .

si[ 0f ;fx' a|fxd\ 0fnfO{ bv] ]/ eml:sP .

…sf]xL cfPgg\ 6f]nsf bfhe' fOx¿ †Æ pgn] bM' lvt x“b' } ;fw] ] . æpgLx¿n] klg dnfO{ kfr“
?lkof“ lbP/ k7fP .Æ af| x\d0fn] eg] .

si[ 0f ;fx'sf cfv“ fdf cfºgf uNtLx¿ kl| tlalDat eP .

æo:tf] b'Mvsf] 38Ldf klg lsg d;“u abnf
lnPsf xfn] fg\ l5d]sLx¿n] †Æ s[i0f ;fx'n]
cfv“ fel/ cf;“ ' kfb{} eg] .

æ;fx'hL † of] abnf xf]Og . pgLx¿sf 3/df
sf]xL dbf{kbf{ xh/' gkfNg'ePkl5 pgLx¿n]
klg o; 3/df cfpg] s'/} ePg . ;DaGw eGg]
s/' f t b'a}lt/af6 a/fa/ g} xg' 'kb{5 . l5ds] L
eGg] s/' f t rfx] ul/a g} xf;] –\ df}sfdf
rflxG5 . l5d]sLx¿sf] bM' vdf ;fy lbgk' b{5 .Æ
af| x\d0fn] 8/fpb“ } eg] .

pgsf] plrt s/' f ;'g/] s[i0f ;fxs' f cf“vf
vn' ] . pgsf cf“vfaf6 cf;“ ' aUof] . Tof] cf“;'
kZrfQfk / Unflgsf] lyof] . l9n} eP klg
pgsf] xb[ osf] kljq dlGb/sf] 9fs] f v'Nof] .

13/fd|f] gk] fnL sIff &

zAbe08f/;DaGwL cEof;

!= tnsf zAb pRrf/0f u/ / sfkLdf ;f/ M

;DkGgtf, P]Zjo{, If'Aw, bDek"0f{, qmGbg, uugr'DaL, ;dj]bgf,
afWo, zf]sfs'n, t[i0ff, qmf]lwt, cf“vf vN' g', lgif]w, ;xfg'e"lt
@= tn cy{ 5g\ . l7s zAb != af6 5fg]/ n]v / k9 M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö 1fg x'g'Ù yfxf kfpg'

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö bM' vn] el/Psf] ?jfO
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö cfsfz 5g' ] vfnsf]
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö /f]s nufOPsf] sfd
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö zf]sn] cfsn' ePsf]

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö csf{sf] bM' v, j]bgf cflbdf x'g] ;dfg cg'el" t

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö cfkmGt, ldqju{ jf kl/lrtnfO{ :jhgsf] d[To'ljof]u
cflb kbf{ cfkm"nfO{ klg To:t} xg' ] j]bgf

#= Pp6} cy{ cfpg] zAbsf] hf8] f ldnfpm M

uj{ 3dG8k"0f{ Kof;

P]Zjo{ kL8f k5t' f]

qmf]lwt IfA' w j}ej

Unflg 3dG8 l/;fPsf]

t[i0ff wg;DklQ cledfg

bDek0" f{ kZrfQfk bM' v

lj/x ltvf{ cxª\sf/k0" f{

$= tnsf zAbsf] pN6f] cy{ nv] M

;DkGg, ckdfg, bfgjtf, lgM:jfy{, km]bL, lj/f]w, ckljq

14 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff &

afw] / cleJolSt;DaGwL cEof;

!= ;g' fO kf7–@ Wofgk"js{ ;g' . To;sf cfwf/df vfnL 7fpdF f l7s cªs\ n]v M

s_ o'/f]lkog o'/f] ! Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ g]kfnL ?k}ofF

v_ a]nfotL kfpG8 :6ln{ª 8n/ ! ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ g]kfnL ?k}ofF

u_ ;fpbL c/]laog l/ofn ! ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ g]kfnL ?k}ofF

3_ dn]l;og l/ª\u]6 ! Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ g]kfnL ?k}ofF

ª_ o=' P=O{= lb/fd ! Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ g]kfnL ?k}ofF

@= ;'gfO kf7–@ kg' M ;g' / l7s pQ/df /h] f nufpm .

s_ cd]l/sg db' |fnfO{ s] elgG5 <

c_ 8n/ cf_ o'/f]

v_ stf/L db' |fnfO{ s] elgG5 <

c_ lb/fd cf_ l/ofn

u_ hfkfgL db' |fnfO{ s] elgG5 <

c_ o]g cf_ jf]g

3_ dflysf dWo] ;aeGbf ;fgf] d'b|f sg' b]zsf] xf] <

c_ sf]l/of cf_ c:6«]lnof

#= ltdL;uF kfrF xhf/ ?ko} fF eP Tof] /sd s'gs'g sfddf k|ofu] uYof}{ < atfpm .

$= ltdf| l5d]sdf a:g] kfFr hgf l5d]sLx¿sf] gfd atfpm . pxfFx¿ s] sfd ug{'x'G5 < Tof]
klg atfpm .

%= tnsf zAbx¿ k|:6;uF k9 M

u/ v/ yf? u/L hf/
3/ u/ wf/ 3/L emf/

15/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff &

^= vfnL 7fp“df l7s zAb nv] M
s_ …kf“r ?lkof“Ú syf syfsf/ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ n]v]sL xg' \ .
v_ 6f]ne/df s[i0f ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;aeGbf ;DkGg lyP .
u_ s[i0f ;fx'sL >LdtLsf] gfd ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lyof] .
3_ Ps lbg s[i0fsL ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒsf] d[To' eof] .
ª_ s[i0f a|fx\d0fnfO{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ?lkof“ lbP/ k7fp“y] .

&= pQ/ bp] m M
s_ s[i0fsf] kl/jf/df sf]sf] lyP <
v_ s[i0f ;fx' s] b]v]/ dVv lyP <
u_ s[i0f ;fx'sf] s:tf] Jojxf/n] l5d]sLx¿ qmf]lwt lyP <
3_ s[i0f ;fx'sf] hLjgdf s:tf] cf“wLx/' L cfof] <
ª_ ufp“n]x¿n] s] ;Nnfx u/] <
r_ a|fx\d0fsf s:tf s'/fn] s[i0f ;fx'sf cf“vf v'n] <

*= nfdf] pQ/ b]pm M
s_ s[i0f ;fx' ufp“df d?d/fp x“'bf s] u/]/ 3/df a:y] <
v_ s[i0f ;fx' lsg l5d]sLx¿;“u cfjthfjt ub}{gy] <
u_ ufp“n]x¿n] s[i0f ;fxn' fO{ s:tf] lzIff lbP <
3_ …ufp“n]x¿ lhp“bfsf hGtL / dbf{sf dnfdL xg' \ .Ú eGg] cfzonfO{ …kf“r
?lkof“Ú syfn] s;/L k'li6 u/]sf] 5 <

(= cfzo :ki6 kf/ M
s_ ;dosf] xfjf;“u axg afWo 5 dfG5] .
v_ l5d]sL eGg] s'/f t rfx] ul/a g} xf];\, df}sfdf rflxG5 . l5d]sLx¿sf]
;v' bM' vdf ;fy lbg'k5{ .

16 /fd|f] gk] fnL sIff &

Jofs/0f;DaGwL cEof;

!= tnsf zAb hf]8L Pp6} zAb agfpm M

wg / ;DklQ Ö wg;DklQ dfg / dof{bf ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

xf“; / v]n ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ syf / sxfgL ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

?lkof“ / k};f ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ wg / bf}nt ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

dfg / ;Ddfg ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ /f]bg / qmGbg ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

@= kf7af6 /k] m - { _ / rGbl| aGb' - “ _ nfu]sf zAb gbf]xf]¥ofO{ nv] .

#= kf7af6 …aÚ / …jÚ k|ofu] ePsf zAb gbf]xf]¥ofO{ n]v .

$= kf7af6 kfr“ cf6] f efjjfrs gfd vf]h/] nv] M

h:t} M /fb] g, ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ

%= tnsf gfd s'gs'g ;dx" df kb5{ g,\ 5'6\ofpm M

s]6f] emK' kf] ufO{ dfG5] s[i0f /df]nf lxdfn

of]u]z xn' bof prfO ;'g rf“bL df6f]

kfgL kmf}h le8 hjfgL bM' v ;u/dfyf

JolQmjfrs gfd hfltjfrs gfd ;dx" jfrs gfd bJ| ojfrs gfd efjjfrs gfd
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

^= tnsf] gfd zAb k|of]u u/L jfSo agfpm M k};f, cfF;'
s[i0f, 3dG8, bof, dflg;, le8, 17/fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff &

cEof;leqsf] kf7
l5ds] Lsf] dxŒj

l5d]sL egs] f lhp“bfsf hGtL / dbf{sf dnfdL xg' \ . o; egfOn] klg l5ds] Lsf] dxŒjnfO{
:ki6 kf5{ .
l5ds] L eg]sf] cfºgf] 3/ 5p] 5fpdf a;fa] f; ug]{ dflg;x¿ xg' \ . Pp6} af6f] lx“8\g,]
Pp6} d"nsf] kfgL vfg] / Pp6} xf6ahf/ eg]{ JolStx¿ k|fozM l5d]sL xG' 5g\ . o:tf
5/l5d]slardf ;w“} d]nldnfk / ;fy;xofu] eO/xg'k5{ . Pp6f l5d]sLn] csf]{ l5d]sLnfO{
hft, wd,{ lnªu\ , k];f, ljrf/ / cfly{s :t/sf cfwf/df eb] efj ug{'x'“b}g . a? Pscsfs{ f
;'vbM' vdf ;dfg lsl;dn] ;fy lbg' g} kT| os] l5ds] Lsf] st{Jo xg' hfG5 .
Pp6} l;/fg u//] ;'tk] l5 slxns] fxL“ uf]8f nfU5 . Pp6} 6f]nl5ds] df a;k] l5 slxn]sfxLF
c;dembf/L x'g ;S5 t/ To; c;dembf/LnfO{ a9fpgx' 'b“ }g .
!= dfysf] kf7 Ps hgfn] k:| 6 cfjfhdf k9 . c¿n] Wofgk"js{ ;g' .
@= tnsf cfzo;u“ ldNg] pvfg n]v M

s_ l5d]sL eg]sf ;v' bM' vsf ;fyL x'g\ .
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v_ Ps} 7fpFdf a;]kl5 slxn]sfxLF ;fgf]ltgf] em}emu8f xg' ;S5 .
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b]zk|lt ;bf uj{ x'G5, cfºgf] hflt ljZjs} jL/ hflt xf] eGg] cge' l" t x'G5 .
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zq'sf] rg' f}tLnfO{ :jLsf/ ug]{ cf“6 x'G5 . t/, cfºgf] hflt jL/ ePsfdf Toxf“sf
hgtfdf cledfg hfUb}g, a? :jfledfg Ao'“emG5 .

25/fd|f] g]kfnL sIff &

%= kh" f kf| yg{ f ug{ sf] sxf“ hfG5g\ <

s_ lxGb"x¿ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ v= af}4dfuL{x¿ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
u_ O;fO{x¿ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 3= d'l:ndx¿ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ª_ ls/f“tx¿ ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-luhf{3/, dl:hb, yfg, dlGb/, u'Daf_
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s_ dw];df a:g] ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ v_ kxf8df a:g] ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
u_ lxdfndf a:g] ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 3_ kfvf]df a:g] ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
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&= pQ/ b]pm M

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r_ g]kfnLx¿n] Oltxf;d} emu8f gu/]sf] ljifo s] xf] <
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26 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff &

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wd{ ± Os Ö wfld{s ;+:s[lt ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

lbg ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;dfh ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

gLlt ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ al' 4 ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

sNkgf ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ jif{ ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

pBf]u ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ d"n ± Os ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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;v' ;'ljwf Ö ;'v / ;l' jwf ;'nebn' {e ÖÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

gbLgfnf Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lxdz[ª\vnf Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

wd{;Dk|bfo Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ bf}/f;'?jfn Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= g]kfnnfO{ lrgfpg] b; cf]6f ljz]if0f zAb nv] M

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a9L cUnf] nfvf}“ oL /fd|f] w]/} kf“r Tof]

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ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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…jÚ nfu]sf zAb M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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&= tnsf zAbx¿ /fvL cyk{ "0f{ jfSo agfpm M

s_ 9kSs M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

v_ 5\ofª\ª M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

u_ uNof{dun' {'d M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

3_ ˆNofQ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ª_ uh' d' H' h' M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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!= Ct' /fO{ sGofd Onfd lrofaufg
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ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
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¿kdf dflgG5g\ / pgsf] gfd
lgs} >4f;fy lnOG5 .

33/fd|f] gk] fnL sIff &

zAbe08f/;DaGwL cEof;

!= tnsf zAbx¿ z4' ;“u pRrf/0f u/ / sfkLdf n]v M

;fwf/0f l76f 8sdL{ d"lt{ sflnu8L r}To

afbzfx xf]8afhL snfTds ;f:+ s[lts dfgkbjL >4f;fy

@= tn cy{ lbOPsf 5g\ . l7s zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ nv] M

af}4 wd{sf] :t'k Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

;Ddfg u/]/ lbOg] k'/:sf/ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

;fdfGo vfnsf] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

xftsf] snf;DaGwL Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

snfk"0f{ 9ª\un] agfOPsf] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= s] elgG5, nv] M

sf7sf] sfd ug]{ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ uLt n]Vg] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

3/ agfpg] sfd ug]{ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ uLt ufpg] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

cfˆgf] snf b]vfpg] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;ª\uLt eg]{ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

lrq agfpg] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;flxTo /rgf ug]{ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

d"lt{ agfpg] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lgaGw n]Vg] Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

hgtfsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ sljtf /rgf ug]{ Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

snfsf/ uLtsf/ ufos g]tf 8sdL{ l;sdL{

slj lrqsf/ lgaGwsf/ ;flxTosf/ d"lt{sf/ ;ª\uLtsf/

$= gk] fnsf kf“r hgf /fli6o« ljel" tsf] gfd nv] .
%= tnsf zAbsf] ljk/LtfyL{ zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ n]v M

lgGbf, k|Zg, b]zleq, ckdfg, a]OHht,
^= tnsf zAbsf] pxL cy{ lbg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ nv] M

g]tf, k|Voft, bIf, k|z;+ f, ;d|f6, qf;, k|lt:kwf{

34 /fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff &

af]w / cleJolSt;DaGwL cEof;

!= ;'gfO kf7–$ ;g' / s;n] eg]sf] xf] < atfpm M
s_ lksf;f]hL † xh/' ;Fu e]6 x'g' d]/f] ;f}efUo xf] .

v_ ltdLn] t of] lrgf] xf]Og, b;f}F nfv kf] kfPsL 5f} t .
u_ tkfO{F o; pd]/df cfP/ lsg lrqsnf l;Sg rfxgx' G' 5 <

3_ dnfO{F cfˆgf] lzio dfg]/ l;sfOlbg'xf];\ g .

ª_ ;'Sg'xG' 5 t/ d}n] h:t} o; If]qdf k}Flt;rfln; jif{ lbg'k5{ .
@= ;g' fO kf7–$ k'gM ;'g / tnsf aFb' fx¿nfO{ syfsd| df !, @ / # lbP/ /fv M

- _ lksf;f]n] o:tf] lrq agfpg cfkm";Fu k}Flt;rfln; jif{ lrqsnf l;Sg
tof/ xg' 'kg{] atfpg' / dlxnf of] ;'g]/ 6\jfF kg{'

- _ lksf;f]n] cfwf ldg]6 hlt nufP/ Pp6f lrq agfO{ tL dlxnfnfO{ lbg'

- _ dlxnfn] cfˆgf ;fyLx¿nfO{ lksf;f]sf] lrgf] b]vfpg'

- _ cfwf ldg]6 vr{]/ agfPsf] lrqsf] b;f}+ nfv kg{] yfxf kfPkl5 tL dlxnf
klg lrqsnf l;Sg lksf;f] sxfF hfg'

- _ ;fyLx¿n] tL dlxnfnfO{ lksf;f]sf] lrgf] dfq xf]Og, b;f}F nfv kfPsf]
atfpg'

- _ Ps lbg Ps hgf eb| dlxnfsf] dxfg\ lrqsf/ lksf;f];Fu e]6 x'g'

- _ tL dlxnfnfO{ cf6{ Uofn/Lx¿n] lksf;f]sf] lrgf]afkt b;f}+ nfv lbg tof/
x'g'

- _ tL eb| dlxnfn] lksf;f]nfO{ Pp6f lrgf] dfUg'
#= ltdLnfO{ dg kg]{ Ps hgf snfsf/sf af/]df sIffsf, ;fyLx¿nfO{ atfpm .
$= …c/lgsf]Ú eGg] kf7sf cg'R5]b kfnk} fnf] k9 .

35/fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff &

%= dv' }n] 5f]6f] hafkm b]pm M

s_ …c/lgsf]Ú sf] hLjgL s;n] n]v]sf x'g\ <

v_ c/lgsf]sf] vf; gfd s] lyof] <

u_ 3/sf] sfd ug]{nfO{ s] elgG5 <

3_ c/lgsf] slt hgf g]kfnL snfsf/sf] g]t[Tj u/L ltAat uP <

ª_ c/lgsf] ltAat hfFbf slt jif{sf lyP <

^= Ps jfSodf kl/ro b]pm M

s_ c/lgsf] v_ sa' no vf“

u_ c/lgsf]sf aa' fsf ;fyL 3_ gf} xfQL ePsf] lrq

ª_ sf7df8f}“ sf]bf/L /fhdfu{

&= 5f]6s/Ldf pQ/ n]v M

s_ ltAat hfg] g]kfnL snfsf/sf] g]t[Tj s;n] u¥of] <

v_ c/lgsf]sf afa' s] sfd uy]{ <

u_ rLgsf sa' no vf“n] c/lgsf]nfO{ lsg rLgdf 8fs] <

3_ c/lgsf]nfO{ lsg /fli6«o lje"lt elgPsf] xf] <

ª_ c/lgsf] lsg rLgd} a;] <

r_ c/lgsf]n] rLgdf cfºgf] b]zsf] OHht s;/L a9fP <

*= nfdf] pQ/ b]pm M

s_ s'g cj;/df c/lgsf] ltAat ku' ] <

v_ c/lgsf]n] s;/L snfsfl/tf l;s] <

u_ c/lgsf]sf s]s:tf tLg cf]6f sfdn] sa' no vf“ k|efljt eP <

3_ c/lgsf]n] g]kfn / rLglardf s;/L snfTds tyf ;f:+ s[lts ;DaGw
hf]8] <

36 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff &

Jofs/0f;DaGwL cEof;

!= kf7af6 …aÚ / …jÚ ko| fu] ePsf kf“rkfr“ cf]6f jfSo n]v .

@= kf7df …pgLÚ zAb slt k6s bfx] fl] /Psf] 5, ug/] nv] .

-pgsf], pgsf, pgn], cflb klg ;dfj]z u/ ._

#= gfdsf ;66\ fdf ko| fu] x'g] zAbnfO{ ;j{gfd elgG5 . ;jg{ fdnfO{ ;66\ ]gfd klg elgG5 .
tnsf] cgR' 5b] df Pp6} gfd af/Daf/ bfx] fl] /Psf] 5 . pkoS' t ;j{gfd /fvL k'gn{v] g
u/ M

lnR5jL sfnsf k|l;4 /fhfsf] gfd c+za' df{ xf] . c+za' df{sL Pp6L 5f]/L lyOg\ .
5f]/Lsf] gfd e[s6' L lyof] . e[s'6L g]kfnL snf / ;+:s[ltnfO{ cToGt dfof ug]{
g]kfnL r]nL lyOg\ . es[ 6' Lsf] ljjfx ltAatsf /fhf ;|ª\rg uDkf];Fu eof] . e[s6' Ln]
ltAatdf a'4 wd{sf] k|rf/ ul/g\ . e[s6' Ln] g]kfnL snfsfl/tfsf] k|rf/k|;f/ ltAatdf
ul/g\ . es[ 6' LnfO{ xfdL xl/ttf/f gfdn] klg lrG5f}F .

$= tnsf zAbx¿dWo] ;j{gfdnfO{ dfq uf]nf] 3]/f nufpm M

d, b]z, ltdL, 5f]/f], le8, c;n, tF, /fd|f], xfdL, yf]/}, tL, of], pgLx¿

dflysf ;j{gfdnfO{ jfSodf k|ofu] u/ .

%= vfnL 7fp“df l7s ;jg{ fd nv] M

s_ af]Ng] dfG5] a'emfpg] ;j{gfd Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ d, xfdL
tF, ltdL
af]n]sf] s/' f ;'Gg] ae' mfpg] ;j{gfd Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ tkfO{“
pm, Tof]
af]Ng] / ;'Gg] ga'emfpg] ;j{gfd Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ pgLx¿

v_ glhs a'emfpg] ;j{gfd Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Tof], oL
of], tL
6f9f ae' mfpg] ;j{gfd Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

u_ k|Zg a'emfpg] ;j{gfd Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ d, s],
k|Zg ga'emfpg] ;j{gfd Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ sf], ltdL
Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
3_ jfSonfO{ hf]8\g] ;j{gfd Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ hf]–Tof], d
jfSonfO{ ghf]8\g] ;j{gfd h'g–Tof], xfdL

37/fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff &

cEof;leqsf] kf7

lncf]gfbf{] bf leGrL

ljZjkl| ;4 lrqsf/ lncfg] fbf{] bf leGrLsf] hGd !%
clkn| !$%@ df O6fnLsf] leGrL eGg] ;x/df ePsf]
lyof] . pgsf lktfsf] gfd lko/f] bf leGrL / dftfsf]
gfd Sof6]l/gf lyof] . pgn] cfºg} lktfsf] /]vbv] df
kf| /lDes lzIff xfl;n u/]sf lyP . pgsf snfu'?
k|l;4 snfsf/ cfGbf| b]n af]/fl;of] lyP .

lnofg] fbf{]n] hLjgsfnel/df y'k|} lrqx¿ agfPsf
lyP . To:tf lrqdWo] clGtd /flqef]h -b nf:6
;Kk/_ / dfg] fln;f cToGt rlrt{ eP . ;g\ !$(*
df tof/ kfl/Psf] clGtd /flqefh] df lh;; qmfO:6
cfºgf lziox¿;“u ef]h vfO/x]sf] hLjGt lrq0f 5 .
o; lrqdf dflg;x¿sf] cg'xf/sf] efjeªl\ udfnfO{
a8f] ;'Gb/ 9ªu\ n] b'?:t b]lvg] u/L k|:t't ul/Psf]
5 . dfg] fln;f rflx“ ;g\ !%)^ df pgn] tLg jif{ nufP/ tof/ kf/s] f] lrq xf] . of] lrq
df]gfln;fsf] cf]7af6 km:' sg nfus] f] d:' sfg / ljlrq 9ª\un] n6\l7Psf cfv“ fx¿sf]
lrq0fdf ljZjljVoft 5 .

lncf]gfbf{] bf leGrL lrqsf/afxs] , ;ª\uLtsf/, dl" ts{ f/, ;l} gs, OlGhlgo/, j}1flgs tyf
ejg l8hfOg/ / ejg lgdft{ f;dt] lyP . o:tf ax'dv' L kl| tefsf wgL leGrLsf] d[To' @
d] !%!( df k|mfG;df eof] .

!= pxL cy{ lbg] zAb …cEof;leqsf] kf7Ú af6 vf]hL vfnL 7fpdF f n]v M

s_ k|f/Desf]Ù cfwf/et" tx;Ddsf] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

v_ r]nf]Ù ljBfyL{ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

u_ ;hLjÙ lhp“bf]hfUbf] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

3_ xfpefpÙ 9ª\u9fFrf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ª_ p:t}Ù jf:tljs M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

r_ ljZjk|l;4 M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

5_ ljleGg ljz]iftfn] oS' t M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

38 /fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff &

@= cEof;leqsf] kf7 Ps hgfn] k9 . c¿n] Wofgk"j{s ;g' .

#= cEof;leqsf] kf7sf] klxnf] cg'R5b] h:tfsf] To:t} ;f/ M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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$= tnsf jfSox¿ ;RofP/ ;f/ M

s_ lncf]gfbf]{ bf leGrLsf] lktfsf] gfd cfGb|f b]n af]/fl;of] lyof] .

v_ clGtd /flqef]h ;g\ !()^ df agfOPsf] lrq xf] .

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b[Zosf] lrq0f 5 .

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ljZjljVoft 5 .

ª_ lncf]gfbf]{ bf leGrLsf] d[To' O6fnLdf ePsf] lyof] .

%= pkoS' t zAb n]v M

lrq agfpg] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ sf7sf] sfd ug]{ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

;ª\uLt tof/ kfg]{ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ uf8L rnfpg] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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gf6s n]Vg] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ 3f]8fsf] /]vb]v ug]{ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

syf n]Vg] M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ au}Frfsf] /]vb]v ug]{ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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õ tLgtLg hgfsf] ;d"x ag . ca kT| o]s ;d"xn] tnsf] tflnsfdf ljZjkl| ;4 JolStx¿sf]

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ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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dflg;sf] cf;“ ' dflg;n] k5' g\ ' ;as} f] wd{ xf] .

42 /fd|f] g]kfnL sIff &

t/ p;sf ;fyL efOx¿n] eg–]
s] u5f{} efO † 6f9fsf] 3/ af6fsf hªu\ n
of] xh} f xfDn] s/' /] a;] xb“' g} dªu\ n .
cfi} fwLdn' f] ;fydf 5g} of] dfem jgdf
OZ{ j/ ;DemL OZ{ j/} ;DemL /x] x} dgdf .
3/ / af/ ;an} ] 5f8L hfg' t kb5{
cGTosf] an] f OZ{ j/ ;Dem] ;;+ f/ tb5{ .

o;/L ;fyLefOn] dbgnfO{ hªu\ nd} 5f8/] uP . olQsd} f of6} f ef6] ] bfO sta} f6 ToxL“ cfOku' ]
/ hªu\ ndf ?b“ } u/s] f] la/fdL dbgnfO{ bv] k] l5 eg–]

sf] ?G5 egL ef6] n] ] x5] { bV] b5 la/fdL
dfofn] eG5, ;fyL / efO /x5] x/fdL .
d/] f] 5 3/ Ps sf;] k/, ltdL t dbg{}
d afs] L nfG5, xG' 5 ls xG' g < km/s kbg{} .
ef6] ] bfOsf] kljq jrg ;g' k] l5 dbgn] eGof–] –
3/df d/] L 5g\ a9' L cfdf, tL ;t] } kmn' s] L
3/df d/] L hxfg of6} L aQL em“} ans] L .
dnfO{ cfh arfObp] m OZ{ j/n] xg] 5{]
dflg;nfO{ d2t ug{] :jud{ f kg5{] .
5q] Lsf] 5f/] f] of] kfp 5G' 5, l3gn] 5b“' g}
dflg; 7n' f] lbnn] xG' 5, hftn] xb“' g} .

-pkol{' Nnlvt sljtfz+ dxfslj
nIdLk;| fb bj] sf6] fåf/f lnlvt rlrt{
v08sfJo …dg' fdbgÚ af6 p4t[ ul/Psf]
xf] ._

43/fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff &

zAbe08f/;DaGwL cEof;

!= tnsf zAb z4' ;“u pRrf/0f u/ / sfkLdf n]v M

k|f0fKof/L ddtfdoL cfu|x x\nf;f lu4 cflzif\

s/' ]/ kljq pko'{lNnlvt sljtfz+ rlr{t v08sfJo

@= tn cy{ 5g\ . l7s zAb kf7af6 vf]h/] n]v / k9 M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö cToGt} dfof ug]{

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö dfly n]lvPsf]

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö sljtfsf] cz+

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö lgsflnPsf]

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö k|f0fem}“ Kof/L

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö df;' vfg] Pp6f kG5L

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ Ö ?“u]/Ù kv]{/

#= pxL cy{ glbg] zAbdf uf]nf] 3/] f nufpm M

s_ sfn d[To' sfnf] d/0f

v_ ;f; ;fy k|f0f 9s' 9'sL

u_ cflzif\ cfzLjf{b cfzLj{rg cfz

3_ dª\un cz4' enfO sNof0f

ª_ hxfg hgf >LdtL :jf:gL

r_ p4[t lgsflnPsf] /flvPsf] lemlsPsf]

5_ O{Zj/ b]jtf /fIf; eujfg\

h_ kljq rf]vf] cz4' z4'

em_ jrg lnª\u af]nL s'/f

$= tnsf zAbsf] pN6f] cy{ nv] M

wdf{Tdf csfn xf“;f] cwd{ ckljq gs{

%= s] elgG5, n]v M

dxfsfJo n]Vg] 7n' f slj Ö dxfslj

klxnf 7'nf slj Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

sljx¿sf lz/sf dl0f Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

h'g;s' } ljifodf t'?Gt sljtf n]Vg ;Sg] slj Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ou' sf] cfjfh n]Vg] slj Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-dxfslj, cflbslj, sljlz/f]dl0f, cf;s' lj, ou' slj_

44 /fdf| ] g]kfnL sIff &

af]w / cleJolSt;DaGwL cEof;

!= ;'gfO kf7–% ;'g / tnsf ldltx¿df ss] ] eP, atfpm M

s_ lj=;+= !(^^ sflQs @& ut]

v_ lj=;+= !((!

u_ lj=;+= !((@

3_ lj=;=+ @))#

ª_ lj=;+= @)!^ ebf} @( ut]

@= ;g' fO kf7–% kg' M ;g' / l7s pQ/df /]hf nufpm M

s_ nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf lktfsf] gfd s] xf] <

c_ tLy{dfwj b]jsf]6f cf_ ltndfwj b]jsf]6f

v_ nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf] Gjf/fgsf] gfd s] lyof] <

c_ tLy{dfwj b]jsf]6f cf_ nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f

u_ nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f lj=;+= !((! df 5flkPsf] sljtfsf] zLif{s s] lyof] <

c_ d'gfdbg cf_ kl" 0f{dfsf] hnlw

3_ b]jsf]6fsf] klxnf] dxfsfJosf] gfd s] xf] <

c_ zfs'Gtn cf_ d'gfdbg

ª_ b]jsf]6fn] slt cf]6f lgaGw ;ª\u|x n]v]sf 5g\ <

c_ bO' { cf]6f cf_ ^%) cf]6f

#= ltdLnfO{ s07 ePsf] sg' } sljtf jf uLt sIffdf ;g' fpm .
$= …d'gfdbgÚ sljtf+z sIffdf ;an} ] no xfnL k9 .

%= tnsf kª\lQmx¿ /fd|f cIf/n] sfkLdf ;f/ / s07:y u/ M

s_ of] 3fF6L ;'Sof], of] 5ftL kf]Nof], of] cfF;' k5 g

cem 5 ;f;, cem 5 cfz,of] bb{ a‰' g .

cflzif\ b]lng\ tL a'9L cfdf dnfO{ arfof] .

dflg;sf] cfF;' dflg;n] k5' \g' ;a}sf] wd{ xf] .

-v_ 5]qLsf] 5f]/f] of] kfp x'G5, l3gn] x'Fb}g

dflg; 7n' f] lbnn] xG' 5, hftn] xF'b]g .

45/fdf| ] gk] fnL sIff &