01_PROCEEDING-The-Third-APIS-ARCAP-CONFERENCE-2016-1_780

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Buffaloes Business in Dryland Region of Kuripan District of
West Lombok Regency

Sumanto

Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production Ciawi, PO.Box. 221 Bogor
Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The study was conducted in the Kuripan village, sub district of Kuripan,
West Lombok regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province, in 2014, using field
survey, through structured interviews of random sampling against 18 respondents.
Respondents of buffalo rearers were classified into two (2) business models based
on a scale of two adult males and a scale of 3 adult females. Data will be analyzed
for financial analysis of B / C ratio, primary and secondary data was tabulated and
analyzed qualitative and descriptively. The purpose of this paper is to investigate
the characteristics of buffalo farming in dry land areas in the Kuripan village sub
district of Kuripan, West Lombok regency. The results showed that the highest
cost was the purchase of feeder breed of male and female buffalo that is around
84.39 to 89.95% and the second largest cost was labor costs, which approximately
was around 11.72-to-19%. The net gain on the maintenance of the scale of 3 heads
cows was around Rp.13.381.250 / year with a B / C ratio of 1.43 and profit on
raising of two bull was around Rp.3.881.250 / year, with B / C ratio of 1.16.
Buffalo farming in West Nusa Tenggara can be considered as a source of buffalo
calves, because almost all farmers maintaining productive parenstock cows. This
kind of business is profitable for the farmers, because the parentstock still can be
maintained by breeders as an investment for producing calves next year.

Keywords: characteristics, financial analysis, buffalo

Introduction

The population of buffaloes in West Nusa Tenggara was around 149 644
heads and thus can optimize buffalo breeding in accordance with the potential of
natural resources, and the availability of the human resources (Department of
Agriculture and Animal Health NTB 2013). Nationally NTB is an area of
buffaloes and crops development, it is supported by the availability of agricultural
land capacity, in addition to providing good forage grass (green feed) and various
agricultural waste, which can be used for development of buffaloes farming
(Kusnadi 2007). The buffaloes are usually kept in areas of wetland / lowland, as
well as having a good adaptation to the swamp environment overgrown with
bushes and weeds that can be consumed by buffaloes.

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Demitria et al. (2006), argues that human resource development is a
process to improve the knowledge, creativity and skills, and the business ability.
Business on buffalo farming is a business system that is complementary, because
ruminants can be integrated with plantation and crops in the farming system and
to be one of the new sources to support farmers' income in addition to other
agricultural activities. According to Kusnadi (2007), the development of animal
husbandry in the future will still be faced with the problem of natural resources, in
the form of feed, demands increasing and the needs of economic development.
Usually the biggest expenditure on the buffaloes farming is centered on fixed
costs, namely the purchase of feederstock, feed and labor (Rusdiana and Praharani
2015). Buffaloes is a type of livestock that produce meat and milk and is a large
ruminants that relatively can survive in dry and marginal lands. The purpose of
this paper is to investigate the characteristics of buffalo farming in dry land areas
in the Kuripan village, West Lombok regency.

Methodology

The research location is in Kuripan Village, Kuripan sub District of West
Lombok regency, that is a potentially and prospective dry land for buffalo
business development. The study was conducted in 2014, using a field survey
methods directly to farmers buffalo through interviews with a list of questionaires
that had been prepared for the 18 farmers who are members of groups of buffalo‘
farmers, which is directed as primary data. Buffalo rearers are classified into two
buffalo‘rearing models. First is based on the scale of two adult males buffaloes
(bull)/reares and second model is scale of 3 adult females buffaloes (cows)/reares.

Secondary data was obtained from the Dept. of Agric. and An. Healt of
West Lombok regency, 2013. Characteristics and economic data were analyzed
using financial analysis of B / C ratio. Primary and secondary quantitative data
described through descriptive analysis tabulation. To strengthen the research, it is
deepened with qualitative information, perception rearers obtained from key
informants (Soekartawi 1995).

Results and Discussion

Region Conditions
The topography of dry land in NTB quite varies, ranging from flat,

undulating, hilly and mountainous with slope between 0% to over 40%, a dry land
with a slope of 0-2% is 16.57%; 3-15% slope area is 26.55%; 16-40% slope area
is 35.06%; and a slope of more than 40% area is 21.83% (BPS NTB 2013). Thus
most of the dry land in NTB province has a slope of over 15%, which is
characterized by semi-arid-tropic climate affected by the rainy season and dry
season. The rainy season is from December to March or four months and the dry
season is from April-November or 8 months. Most dry land use in NTB is for
state forests (931 737 ha), or 51.5%; private forest (241 253 ha), or 13.3%; dry
field (173 774 ha), or 9.6%; field (49 330 ha) or 2.70%; meadows (38 132 ha), or

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

2.1%; mix garden (36 663 ha) or 2.00%; yard (32 667 ha), or 1.8%; and other use
area (303 898 ha), or 16.9%.

Characteristics of farmers
In general, the education level of farmers is still relatively low, does not

pass the primary school was around 50.00%, 22.22% of elementary school
graduation, and the remaining approximately 16.67% of junior high school and
high school was around 11.11%. The average of age of farmers is 44.78 years and
is still classified as productive and expected that the spread of new technologies
related to the business of raising buffalo is well informed to all farmers quickly,
such as innovation of buffalo AI and cultivating fodder. It will ultimately affect
the adoption of technology that is introduced by the agencies, such education and
farming experience may affect the application of technology and increased the
farmer‘ revenue (Dorian et al. 2009). Farmers generally work in crops and rear
buffaloes or cattle. Farming experience in rearing buffaloes are, about 22-23 years
(about 85%).

The value of the buffalo asset
The results showed that the value of the buffaloes asset that kept by each

farmer is very diverse. Buffaloes asset value in the structure of the selling price of

the buffaloes at rearers group (n = 18) shown in Table 1.

Table 1. The average of the selling price of buffaloes in the Kuripan village

Type and Age Group heads (%) Sale value Asset value

of Buffalo (IDR.000) buffalo (IDR.000)

Adult-Female 30 57,70 11,5 345.000

Young-Female 3 5,77 7,2 21.600

Calf-female 4 7,70 3,5 14,000

Adult-male 6 11,54 14,4 86.400

Young-male 2 3,85 7,2 14,400

Calf-male 7 13,46 4,1 28.700

Total 52 100 - 513.100

The mean value of the 2,89 - - 28.506

assets uffaloes/rearers

Source: Analyzed primarydata (2014)

Table 1. showed that of the average of the buffaloes asset at rearers highest
in adult female at around Rp.345.000.000. The number of cows reared by farmers
have a high income contribution, each farmer has about Rp.28.506.000 financial
assets, the manure from buffalo can be used as fertilizer.

In Kauripan village, the main business of the farmer is crop cultivating or
crop farming, the population of buffaloes in farmers site is 53 head or 2.8 head/
farmers, in addition to owning the buffalo, farmer also rear the buffalo that belong

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

to others, it is so call ‗gaduhan pattern‘. Calculations are within> 1-5 years old, a
cow will give birth 1 to 3 times, the first calf will belong to the owner and the
second calf for rearer and so on. This means that there is an agreement between
the owner and the rearer. Problems that farmers often faced is a sales system of
buffaloes that make the farmer get slightly financial loss, because the farmers do
not know the price fluctuationof the buffalo in the market.

Profit of Buffalo Rearing
Buffalo rearing can be classified into two business pattern: scale of 2 adult

males (steer)/rearer and 3 adult females (cows)/rearer. Labor costs are calculated
based on 7-8 hours /day, standart wages for reraring buffaloes in Kuripan village
is around IDR.10.000-15.000 / day. The cost of making the animal house for 2-3
heads between IDR 1.500.000-2.000.000 /unit, the shed made of wood, and the
roofs made of tile. Land lease is not counted because the land owned by the
rearers themselves. Assumptions of liveweight of cows is 250 kg / head and the
estimated age is approximately 2.2 years, the purchase price is IDR.9.000.000
/head.

Table.2. The financial analysis efforts male and female buffaloes at reares

Type of Costs and Revenue Adult male, 2 heads Adult female,3 heads
IDR % IDR %

Variable Cost

-breed 20.000.000 84,39 27.000.000 87.95

-drugs (medicine) 100.000 0,42 100.000 0,33

-labor 3.600.000 15,19 3.600.000 11,72

- feed - - --

Totals Variable Cost 23.700.000 100 30.700.000 100

Fix Cost

- depreciation cage 400.000 400.000

- depreciation of equipment 18.750 18.750

Total Fix Cost 418.750 418.750

Totals of Variable and Fix 24.118.750 31.118.750

Cost

Revenue :

- sale value of the adult male 28.000.000 100 -

- sale value of the adult female - 37.500.000 85.12

-sale value of 2 calves aged 4 - 7.000.000 14,88

months

Totals Revenue : 28.000.000 100 44.500.000 100

Profit 3.881.250 13.381.250

B/C ratio 1,16 - 1,43 -

Source: Primary data is processed (2014)

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Assumptions for liveweight of bull/steer is 350 kg / head and 2-3 years of
age, purchase price is approximately IDR.10.000.000 /head. Assumptions cage
and equipment depreciation is calculated based on the farming period, equipment
that are considered disposable purchasing of drugs around IDR.100,000/year,
artificial insemination (AI) cost is free.

Financial analysis of buffalo business at rearers is assumed based on the
scale of operations over 2 years. The value of profits from the buffalo business
adult male or adult female shown in Table 2.

Conclusion

The average scale of buffalo rearing is 2-3 head/reares, The cost of
purchasing breeding stock is the largest costs around (84.39 to 89.95%) and the
second biggest cost is labor costs approximately (11.72-19%). The net profit on
the maintenance of cows is around IDR.13,381,250 / year with B / C ratio of 1.43
and a profit on the maintenance of bull is around IDR.3.881.250 /year, with B / C
ratio of 1.16.

References

Dorian, S. dan I. Istina. 2009. Motivasi petani terhadap peternakan di Kabupaten
Kampar (Studi Kasus Prima Tani Kebupaten Kampar). Pros. Seminar
Nasional Membangun Sistem Inovasi di Pedesaan. BBP2TP, Bogor. Hlm :
698-704.

Demitria. D., Harianto, Sjafri.M., dan Nunung. 2006. Peran Pembangunan
Sumberdaya Manusia dalam Peningkatan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga
Petani di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Forum Pascasarjana. IPB. Vol.33.
No.3. Juli 2010. Hal :155-164.

Dinas Pertanian dan Kesehatan Hewan Kabupaten Lombok Barat Propinsi Nusa
Tenggara Barat. 2013. Pengembangan ternak ruminansia besar Dalam
Angka. Hal :1-133.

Kusnadi U. 2007. Kelayakan Usaha Kerbau Untuk Penghasil Bibit Dan Daging
Dibeberapa Agroekosistem Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknologi
Peternakan dan Veteriner. Puslitbangnak. Hal : 186-192.

Rusdiana S. and L. Praharani. 2015. Estimated value of live buffalo in the
economic analysis of the income of farmers in the village. Proceeding
International Seminar On Animal Industry 2015. Bogor Agriculture
University, IPB. International Vention Centre Bogor, Indonesia,
September 17-18-2015, hal. 393-395.

Soekartawi.1995. Ilmu Usahatani dan Penelitian untuk Pengembangan Petani
Kecil. UI Press, Jakarta.

Suryana.2007. Usaha pengembangan kerbau rawa di Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal
Litbang Pertanian 26(4) 139-145.

Statistik Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan. 2013. Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan
dan Kesehatan Hewan Kementerian Pertanian RI. Hlm :1-232.

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Contribution of Food From Livestock Production
in Household Consumption Patterns in Urban and Rural Areas

in Flores Timur District-NTT

Helena da Silva and Paskalis Fernandez

Institute for Agricultural Technology (BPTP) NTT
Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Contribution of Food from livestock production is necessary for
households to improve the nutritional consumption for family. This research was
conducted in households involved in the Model of Region of Sustainable Food
House (M-KRPL) in Flores Timur District, which consists of two farmer groups
where each group represented urban and rural areas in 2013, the method used was
survey method to obtain an indicator of quality of food consumption indicated by
the score of Hope Dietary Pattern (PPH). The results showed that: (a) score of
nutritional quality of the food (PPH) 74.49 for the urban area and 71.25 for rural
areas.This indicates that the scores are still low when it compared with the
maximum score which to be achieved is 100, this is because of the consumption
patterns of community in Flores Timur District for urban and rural regions.The
facts shows that consumption of grains group still dominaterather than the animal
food groups which contribute 12.71%, (b) the average score of minimum level of
animal energy for food group households amounted to 10.97 for urban areas and
7.23 for rural areas.This figure is still far the maximum figure which has to be
reached that is equal to 24. (c).The amount of the contribution of food from
livestock products depending on several factors such as internal (individual)
factors namely, income, preferences, beliefs (culture and religion), as well as
knowledge of nutrition, as well as external factors such as factor agro-ecology,
production, supply and distribution, diversity of food ,

Keywords: contribution, Food from livestock production , consumption patterns
and Areas/ Territory

Introduction

To improve nutrition, especially in micronutrients society in general and
families in particular, can be done by empowering the community by usingthe
available resources in the sorrounding. One of effort for community
empowerment is by utilizing the yard which is managed the family farmer -
fishermen for the sake of making easy concerning maintenance and harvesting the
results.

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Yard area has been known so long and has a multipurpose
function.Function yard is to produce: (1) food material as an additional rice yield
and secondary crops;(2) vegetable and fruits;(3) poultry, small animals and
fish;(4) herbs, spices and perfumes;(5) handicraft materials;(6) family medicine,
as well as (7) cash money.

An effort in the yard if intensively managed in accordance with the
potential of the yard, in addition to meeting the needs of household consumption,
could also contribute to the family income.From the result of research, the
generallythe yards can contribute to the family‘s income among 7% to 45%. (Bpp-
Kaliasin 1012-extension-use material.)

Yard if it is planted with various species of plants and herbs as well as
raising livestock and fish are very useful because the yard can produce a variety of
foods that are highly nutritious, like vegetables, fruits, small livestock, poultry and
fish, besides the yard cultivated properly can as a source of income / household
savings as a result of the yards not only for consumption but also can be sold as a
source of family income and if it is well - managed can be as an addition
concerning to the beauty of the house.

Utilization of yard area for the effort of livestock in Flores Timur district is
quite varied where livestock and fish as a source of animal protein. The animal
protein which are developing such as chicken and domestic poultry, pork, lamb,
sea fish.Potential cattle spread in almost all sub-districts, for the fishes are found
in all over sub-districts which have a relatively great potential.
Animal protein has a complete amino acid composition and is needed by the
body.Biological value of animal protein is relatively high. Biological value
describes how much the nitrogen (N) of a protein in the food which is utilized by
the body to make protein in the body. The higher biological value of protein in the
food materials, the more substances N of the protein that can be used for the
formation of proteins in the body. Almost all food from animal have the biological
value of 80 up.Eggs have the highest biological value that is 94-100
(Hardjosworo, 1987 in Rusfidra, 2005e).

Flores Timur district also has a diversity of sources of food that is high
enough.Some prime commodity as supporting forfood security system which are
developing for instance, for plants as the sources of carbohydrates: rice, maize,
cassava, tuber propagation.To plants as the sources of protein are such as:
soybean, peanuts, green beans.Distribution of food are found in almost all sub-
districts (19 sub districts).Some sub-districts are included in the scope of the city
districts (there are 3 sub-districts) which has a planting area that is relatively small
compared to other sub-districts (BPS East Flores, 2012)

Methodology

The method used is a survey method to obtain indicator regarding with

quality of food consumption which was indicated by the score of Hope Dietary

Pattern (PPH) and the factors that affect consumption of animal food.

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

The location determination is done intentionally (purposively) where the
location or the target group are members of groups that involving in the activities
of the KRPL M- consisting of rural and urban areas.The number ofsamples are
taken 15-20 households per group, namely 20 x 2 = 40 respondents.Data
concerning withthe food consumption pattern collected through the method offood
recall 1 × 24 hours.Then tabulated using the calculation the approach of Hope
Dietary Pattern (PPH).TheScore of Hope Dietary Pattern Indicators (PPH)

a. Way of Calculation / Formula
Value of achievement for improvement the score of Hope Dietary Pattern

(PPH), is the composition of the prime food groups, which if consumed can meet
the needs of energy and other nutrients, where with the higherthe score of PPH,
the food consumption increasingly diverse, nutritious and balanced.

Formula :
Value of achievment for improvement =% RDA x the weight of each food
group
PPH score
Percentage (%) RDA = Energy each commodity x 100%
Nutritional Adequacy Score
Calculating the energy consumption of each group of food
explanation:

 If the result of multiplying% RDA x weight greater than the
maximum score, then use the maximum score

 If the result of multiplying% RDA x weights less than the
maximum score, then use the result of the multiplication.

Results and Discussion

General Overview of Location M-KRPL
Flores Timur district is one of the districts that part of the coast of the

island of Flores, island of the NTT Province, which has a limit of the North: South
Flores Sea: West Sabu Sea: District of Sikka: the district of Lembata. The width
of area of 1813.20 km2 and a population of 260.63 persons consists of 19 sub-
districts, 21 political district administration/the kelurahanand 232 villages.(Flores
Timur in figures 2014).

The result of survey shows that the development of household expenditure
for food from cattle progressively increasing.This indicates that the diversification
of consumption for the community / people of Flores Timur have started to rise,
also awareness of the importance of consuming animal food.

From the table above it can be seen that the development of
consumptionof of food from animal protein derived from meat protein for urban
communities in 2011 until 2013. It happened an increase of 58.33% and for the
rural community of 46.66%, the source of protein from eggs and milk to the urban
community happened an increase of 22.58% and the rural community increased
by 28%.While the consumption of food derived from carbohydrates decreased

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

from 2010 to 2012 where for the urban decline of carbohydrate-based food
consumption by 8.8% and for the rural community decreased by 11.42%.

Table 1. Development of Expenditre of food from livestock (%)

Territory/Year Expenditureand

Consumtion of Proteinfrom livestock Food Meat Egg + Milk

/Animal inFlores Timur district 2, 4
2, 8
City 4 8.1 1, 0 3, 1
2011 4 5.7 1, 2
2012 4 4.2 2, 4 1, 8
2013 2, 2
2, 5
Village
2, 1
2011 6 6.3 0, 8 2, 5
2.8
2012 60, 9 1.3

2013 5 9.5 1.5

Cities + Villages 5 7.2 0.9
2011 53, 3 1.25
2012 51.8 1, 95
2013

Source: BKP2, 2013

Table 2. Development of Protein Consumption from Animal (Gram / cap / day)

region / protein Animal ruminant meat Poultry Egg Milk
Year protein

City

2011 52, 0 15.4 1.2 2.4 2.1 1.3

2012 5 4.3 17.9 1.7 3.3 2.5 1.8

2013 5 7.3 17.6 1.6 3.2 2.3 1.7

Village

2011 52.5 11.1 0.4 1.1 1.4 0.4

2012 56.2 12.5 0.6 1.5 1.6 0.6

2013 56.9 13.2 0.6 1.5 1.6 0.6

Cities +

Villages 53.7 13.1 0.8 1.7 1.7 0.8
2011 57.7 15.1 1.1 2.4 2.0 1.2
2012 57.5 15.3 1.1 2.3 1.9 1.1
2013

Source: BKP2, 2013

Data of Statistics show that the consumption patterns of urban and rural
communities Flores Timur regency consists of several groups of proteins that
deriving from animal proteins which are grouped into animal protein, meat

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Ruminants, ungags meat, eggs and milk.Each group of animal food occurred the
increase of consumption patterns in 2010 – 2012,that is for a group of proteins,
the average for urban and rural communities amounted to 6.6%.This illustrates
that there is a change in the consumption behavior of urban and rural communities
from time to time, where the community is increasingly aware of the importance
of food consumption which derives from animal protein.

Quality of Food Consumption of rural households in Flores Timur district
Understanding of expectancy food pattern (PPH) is the composition and

the group number of prime food which are encouraged to meet the needs of
energy and nutrition. It is a clear that PPH is a diverse structure of food which is
based on the contribution of energies both absolute and relative, which meet the
nutritional needs in terms of quantity, quality as well as a diversity by considering
the social, economic, taste, culture, and religion.To see the value of PPH, it is
used the PPH score that isindicating a variety of quality food consumption,
nutritionally balanced and safe, which is calculated based on the method of PPH.If
the value of PPH score is higher (closer to 100), this indicates that food
consumption is increasingly diverse and nutritionally balanced.

Table 3. Data Calculation of energy consumption based on food material groupsin the kelurahan of

Sarotari Timur –Larantuka sub district (Urban area) Flores imur District

Group of foods actual actual% % AKE weight Current scores scores PPH
energy score AKE max score

A. Rice n cereals 1461.74 49.69 73.09 0.5 24.85 36.54 25.00 25.00

B. Tubers 0:00 0:00 0:00 0.5 0:00 0:00 2:50 0:00

C. Food Animal 116.67 3.97 5.83 2 7.93 11.67 24.00 11.67

D. Oils and fats 104.58 3:56 5:23 0.5 1.78 2.61 5:00 2.61

E. Fruit / oily seeds 187.35 6:37 9:37 0.5 3:18 4.68 1:00 1:00

F. Sugar 90.84 3:09 4:54 0.5 1:54 2:27 2:50 2:27

G. Nuts 50.91 1.73 2:55 2 3:46 5:09 10:00 5:09

H. Vegetables and 107.39 3.65 5:37 5 18:25 26.85 30.00 26.85
fruits

I. Other 0:00 0:00 0:00 0 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00

Total 2119.47 72.05 105.97 11:50 61.00 89.72 100.00 74.49

Achievement of diversification in efforts to achieve food security at this
time was not as expected.This can be seen from several indicators
below.Availability of enough food however the consumption level of community
is still below the standard,except for the grains that have exceeded the
recommended (Table 3) .b.Referring to Table 2 shows that in general, the quality
of food consumption is still relatively low.

The low quality of community consumption was shown by the score of
expectency food pattern (Table 1).In the Table one (1)describes groups of grains,
fruit nuts and sugar exceeded the ideal of the PPH score, conversely other food

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Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

groups are under the PPH score.From the table above. italso can be known that the
contribution of animal protein only amounted 11.67%, this figure is still far from
ideal adequate energy of 24%.

For urban areas, the value of the PPH score is higher than rural areas.This
shows that the diversity of consumption patterns of urban communities is already
better than the rural areas, but both these areas has equal excess in terms of food
groups of cereals and rice and those who do not consume tubers /cassava.

Table 4. Data of Calculation of energy consumption based food materials in Wailolong village,

sub district of Ile Mandiri (Rural area) Flores Timur District

Group of foods actual actual% % AKE weight Current scores scores PPH
energy score AKE max score

A. Rice n cereals 1527.76 76.55 76.39 0:50 38.27 38.19 25.00 25.00

B. Tubers 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:50 0:00 0:00 2:50 0:00

C. Food Animal 103.70 5:20 5:19 2:00 10:39 10:37 24.00 10:37

D. Oils and fats 92.94 4.66 4.65 0:50 2:33 2:32 5:00 2:32

E. Fruit / oily seeds 113.98 5.71 5.70 0:50 2.86 2.85 1:00 1:00

F. Sugar 45.47 2:28 2:27 2:00 4:56 4:55 10:00 4:55
G. Nuts 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:50 0:00 0:00 2:50 0:00
H. Vegetables and
fruits 112.01 5.61 5.60 5:00 6.28 28.00 30.00 28.00
I. Other
0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00
Total 1995.88 100.00 99.79 11:50 86.47 86.29 100.00 71.25

The results of research showed that the value of the PPH in rural
communities amounted to 71.25%, where the rate is still far the idealexpectancy
figurein terms of balance of food of Indonesian society that is at least 75%.From
the table above, it can be seen that the biggest contribution in consumption are the
food group of rice and cereals are exceeding the standart of normal value, but on
the other hand due to a shift/change in consumption patterns, the rural community
is already or almost never consume the food tubersanymore, in case, such food is
always available in the village.

Contrtibutionof animal protein in the pattern of consumption in rural areas
is only 10.37% of the maximum score of 24%, this means that the total score of
the value of the PPH can still be improved by increasing the consumption of
animal food, sugar, tubers, vegetables and fruits and group oils and fats.

Conclusion

1. Although the average total of protein consumption has been adequate levels,but

still become a problem because of the consumption of most of the community

of Flores Timur still below the norm for adequacy.At current consumption

levels, the composition of the protein source is still not balanced yet.

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 738
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

2. The score of nutritional quality of the food (PPH)74.49forruralareasand71.25
for the village area. This indicates that the scores are still low when compared
with the maximum score to be achieved is 100, this is because of the
consumption patterns of Flores Timur District at urban and ruralarea dominates
consumption of grains group still compared to animal food groups contributing
12.71%, the average score of minimum level of animal energy for each
households amounted to 10.97 for urban areas and 7.23 for rural areas. This
figure is still far maximum levelwhich has to be achieved that is equal to 24

References

[BKP] Badan Ketahanan Pangan. 2007. Pedoman Umum Gerakan

PercepatanDiversifikasi Konsumsi Pangan 2007 – 15. P2KP, Jakarta.

[B2KP NTT] Badan Bimas Ketahanan Pangan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur.

2006. Rencana Strategis B2KP Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur 2006 -

2010. B2KP, Kupang. [Deptan] Departemen Pertanian. 2005.

DKP Dewan Ketahanan Pangan. 2008a. Konferensi DKP Tahun 2008: Penguatan

Cadangan Pangan Menuju Indonesia Tahan Pangan dan Gizi 2015. DKP,

Jakarta. ______. 2008b. Kesepakatan Bersama Bupati/Walikota Selaku

Ketua Dewan

Depkes R.I., 2005. Rencana Aksi Nasional Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan

GiziBuruk 2005-2009. Jakarta

Fathiyah, U.Sumarwan dan I.Tanziha.2005. Analisis Pengetahuan Gizi dan

Produk Minuman Sari Buah Kemasan Dihubungkan Dengan Merek yang

Dikonsumsi Sebagai Sumber Protein Hewani. Media Gizi dan Keluarga,

Vol.29 No.2: 75-87

FAO-RAPA. 1989. Toward Nutritional Adequacy in Asia-Pacific Region. FAO

Regional Office for Asia and The Pacific. Bangladesh

Forum Kerja Penganekaragaman. 2003. Penganekaragaman Pangan. Hal.i-iii.

DalamHadiriyadi, P., B.Krisnamurti, dan F.G.Winarno (Eds.),

Hasil-Hasil SimposiumPenganekaragaman Pangan.Prakarsa Swasta dan

pemerintah Daerah. Jakarta

http://bpp-kaliasin.blogspot.com/2012/03/materi-penyuluhan-pemanfaatan.htm tgl

4 Mei 2014

http://www.fp.brawijaya2007. Pengembangan Agribisnis. Diakses tanggal 23 april

2008

Rencana Strategis Pusat Konsumsi dan Keamanan Pangan. BKP Deptan, Jakarta.

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 739
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Marketing Efficiency of Laying Egg at Kanigoro District Blitar
Regency

Jaisy Aghniarahim Putritamara, Zaenal Fanani and Hari Dwi
Utami

Department of Agribusiness, Animal Husbandry Faculty, Brawijaya University,
Malang-65145, Indonesia

Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The objective of research was to determine the marketing pattern and the
marketing efficiency in chicken eggs on the district Kanigoro Blitar regency.
Three groups of respondents farmers were selected convenience sampling,
wholesalers and consumer were selected by purposive sampling method.
Sampling was carried out with the merchant snowball sampling technique with
the business criteria of more than five years. Primary data collection through
interviews that the results are processed by the analysis of margins and results of
questionnaires processed through smartPLS, while secondary data consists of
marketing information from farmers and traders. Methods of data collection was
done by means of quantitative data analysis through with structural equation
modeling. Results showed that five the pattern of marketing channels that
occurred in the district of Blitar regency Kanigoro for Grade AA and A has 4
types of marketing channels, namely type 1 farmer - merchant wholesalers -
wholesale - small traders - consumer, then type 2 farmer - merchant wholesalers -
wholesalers - consumer, type 3 (a) farmer – merchant wholesalers – consumer,
type 3 (b) farmer – merchant wholesalers – minimarket and type 4 farmer – hotels
– consumer. Cultural, lifestyle, market price, number of customers, social groups,
perceptions positive effect on marketing efficiency.

Keywords: Environmental, wholesalers, convenience sampling, social,cultural,
perceptions and lifestyle

Introduction

Total production fluctuate eggs made to every district in East Java have an
impact on the price fluctuations on production inputs have continued to rise and
the price of eggs also be volatile. Egg prices fluctuate is one of the main culprits
in the marketing of eggs in East Java because the price is not stable, then farmers
will have difficulty in determining the market price or commonly called the Farm
Gate Price (FGP), giving rise to unfair competition between manufacturers or
farmers by middlemen who raises consumer prices at the end inefficient.
Important actors that can affect the efficiency or failure of a marketing is of the

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 740
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

determinants of prices received a price which may mean that the individual is a
key player in the market that could affect the price of eggs, if an investor simply
acting alone it still can not determine the price of a security that the marketing
margin it has a high margin value.

Methodology

Selection study was conducted by intentional (purposive method) that the
Blitar district is a region that supplies of eggs at most in the provinces of East
Java, if calculated for the province of East Java alone is capable of supplying
approximately 70%, while for the needs of eggs nationwide capable of supplying
the needs of the egg as much as 30%.

Sampling study on farmers by way of convenience sampling, the sampling
location has been found with a population of ownership of eggs less equal to
30,000 laying hens, then to traders by way of purposive criteria merchants who
run their business more than 5 years. For medium and small traders who are on
the next level, determined by the snowball sampling method. Qualitative data
analysis to determine the efficiency of marketing in the district of Blitar district
Kanigoro using Structur-Conduct-Performance (S-C-P) and using qualitative data
analysis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using a 2.0 SmartPLS program.

Results and Discussion
Table 1. The Effect of Environmental to Marketing

Indikator Explanation

Culture Significant

Lifestyle Significant

Market Price Significant

Total of Consumer Significant

Total of Production Not Significant

Social groups Significant

Motivation Not Significant

Experience Significant

Perceptions Significant

Generally between SCP with PCS observations of the same but the SCP
product availability as demand and supply will be eggs there, but if the PCS
product availability is before after it emerged supply and demand, as was the case
for the PCS is the egg grade jumbo which only has a market share in the region

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 741
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

and only certain areas of the market to a place that is luxury like a cruise ship,
when other areas sell grade jumbo it will be bought by the area A for sale, as other
regions could only sell grade AA and A and B . the advantage gained is equal to
the product are not yet available but there is supply and demand.

Based on the results of data analysis using the SEM program known
smartPLS 2:00 coefficient value parameter reflecting the influence of variables
construct the marketing efficiency of 95.3%. Variables that affect the efficiency of
marketing is Culture, Lifestyle, market price, total of customers, social groups,
Experience and Perception.

Their culture egg consumption means that consumers are increasingly
aware of the nutritional content of eggs it will consume the eggs, which
previously did not consume it will be attracted to consume, so the demand will be
much, Lifestyle has a significant influence on the efficiency of the marketing, for
their lifestyle remains closely linked to the social environment where that comes
from a good environment and be aware of the nutritional content of eggs it will
consume the eggs, which previously did not consume it will be attracted to
consume, so the demand will be a lot. Increasing number of experience possessed
by the merchant means the more customers who buy from merchants such as the
trust of the old merchant carries out its activities as a seller of eggs so that in the
event that will have an impact on the length of the short marketing channels, with
the experience of many owned by the merchant so many also consumers who
want to become customers so many requests to make the number of traders who
participate execute marketing activities for profit. Perception significant effect on
the efficiency of marketing channels, that the perception of both owned by the
respondent essentially will increase demand for chicken eggs so that their positive
perceptions regarding the eggs then request much so that many marketing
agencies who participate and perform marketing activities take advantage of the
many requests so as to obtain high profit.

Conclusion

1. The pattern of the marketing channels that occurred in the district Kanigoro
Blitar district for grade AA and A have 4 types of marketing channels that type
1 farmer - merchant wholesalers - wholesale - small traders - consumer, then
type 2 farmer - merchant wholesalers - wholesale -consumer, type 3 (a) farmers
- the mediator - the end consumer, type 3 (b) farmer - minimarket - consumers
and type 4 to grade B breeders - hotel - consumer.

2. Culture, lifestyle, market price, total of customers, social groups and positive
effect on the perception of marketing efficiency

References

Colander, D.C. 2010. Macroeconomics. (8th ed). McGraw-Hill.

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 742
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Edwards, S. dkk 2006. Market Structure Conduct Performance (SCP) Hypothesis
Revisited using Stochastic Frontier Efficiency Analysis. Selected paper
presented at the American AgriculturalEconomics Association Annual
Meeting. Long Beach, California. July 23-26, 2006.

Khols. R.L dan J.N Uhl. 2002. Marketing of Agricultural Product. Edisi
Kesembilan. (New Jersey: Prentice Hall..

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 743
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

The Role of Animal Droppings in The Production of Food, Feed,
Manure as Well Fuel in East Java-Indonesia

Mochammad Junus1), Agung Widodo2), Wahyono Suprapto2),
Windi Zamrudy3)

1)Lecturers of Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Brawijaya, 2) Faculty
of Engineering, University of Brawijaya and 3)Chemical Engineering State
Polytechnic of Malang
Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The aim of this study was 1). To present the role of animal droppings in
the production of food, feed, manure and fuel, 2). To explore the optimum
amounts of animal droppings needed to obtain the above products. East Java is
the home of 12 species of domesticated animals which produce an estimated
89,500 ton of droppings per day which would require approximately 28,500
digesters, or biogas units, if they were to be processed. These biogas units could
produce an estimated 71,000 m3/day of biogas, enough to provide 57,000
households with gas for cooking and lighting in 57.000. In addition, sludge
produced in the digesting process of biogas production when mixed which rice
straw becomes an excellent medium for growing fungi, capable of producing
0.21 kgs of fungi per bag of 15 cm diameter and 25 cm in height. Furthermore,
dried sludge when mixed with liquid sludge contains from 9.94 % to 11.01 %
rough protein which when fed to rabbits increased their relative of bodyweights
by between 13 % to 23 % in 4 weeks. In conclusion, 1). Animal droppings have a
very promising future in the production of fuel, food, feed and manure. 2). In
order to produce optimum amounts of energy, food and feed appropriate amounts
of droppings must be processed under appropriate conditions. Recomendations 1).
Demonstration digesters (biogas unit) should set up to display optimum
systems.2). Any any implementation must be well planned in order to ensure
maximum benefits.
.
Keywords: biogas, sludge, slurry, compost,

Introduction

Indonesia and as an example of East Java province with 15% of its total
population exposed to 1).large population and 2) the procurement needs of living
is relatively heavy. Large population with four basic needs: energy (fuel), food
(food), feed (feed) and fertilizer (fertilizer) is very important to be fulfilled. And
indirectly livestock manure alone without other animals if managed properly
possibility that can meet those needs. For that some research has been conducted

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 744
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

as the basis of the purpose of this paper is to 1). Recognize the importance of
livestock manure in the development of energy, food, feed and fertilizer plants, 2).
Know the amount of livestock manure needed unity-use systems for energy, food,
feed and fertilizer plants, as for its usefulness to 1). actualize manure to meet
human needs and 2). Provide policy basis in determining the direction of livestock
manure management activities in the future.

Results and Discussion

Potential Livestock manure in East Java
Production of livestock manure in 2015 as calculated by Anonymous

(1990, 2016), and converted into a slurry. However, the number of livestock
manure in 2015 reached 89,487.28 tons/ day and into the slurry 228,029.46
tons/day or 83,230,752.9 tons / year. When processed in anaerobic digesters in the
tank with a volume of 10 m3 containing 8 m3 slurry need 28.504 m3 biogas unit
and produces sludge as much as 228,029.46 tons/day

The Role of livestock manure as an energy provider
While this survey livestock subsector has 14,397 households, while the

subsector horticulture, and forestry each as much as 31,011 and 10,173
households (Hasbullah, 2013). He also explained that food crops amounted to
137,371 households, the fisheries subsector as many as 9301, the plantation
subsector as many as 43,318 households. So that the energy of the farm is not
discharged for consumption of farm households own livestock.

The role of livestock manure as a mushroom grower
Sludge is used as decomposers straw. Rice straw has been mixed sludge in

the ratio of 1: 2 for 2 weeks. In addition, in the process also added various kinds
of vegetables, medicinal, molasis and water are respectively 1, 1.5 and 9, then
extracted. An extract of 4 days and added aerated sludge as decomposers 0%,
2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% or P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 (P=treatment), it contains
nutrients such as organic carbon, N total, C/N, organic matter, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg,
and pH betwen 6.6 – 7.1.Noting above turned out to be a mixture of sludge and
straw plus various percentages of decomposers contains nutrients highly
significant (P<0.01) in, except the C/N and Ca. Once used as a substitute for bran
in the media mushroom turns the average weight, number of shoots and hood
diameter mushroom looks as shown in Table 1

Purnomo , and Sukesi . (2013) mentions that Average Physical Test of
Various Growing Media Composition 100 % bagasse and wood sengon 0 %
featuring mass 171.67 g. amount hood 22.67 and 11.73 cm diameter .

The role of livestock manure as a livestock feed
Furthermore, the sludge is filtered and dried in the sun, then added with a

liquid sludge biogas units (LSBGU) by 30% and 40% and ripened 6 and 12 hours,

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 745
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

whereas the control without LSBGU so treatment P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 produces
substances nutrients.

Table 1. The average weight and number of shoots oyster mushrooms

Treatment Mean weight(kg) Number of Buds (fruit) Diameter of mushroom
hood (cm)

P1 0.18 + 0.004 12 + 0.43a 6.23 + 0.39
P2 0.19 + 0.028 13 + 2.75b 6.57 + 1.31
P3 0.19 + 0.014 16 + 0.84c 7.14 + 0.53
P4 0.21 + 0.010 20 + 1.26e 7.05 + 0.52
P5 0.19 + 0.010 17 + 0.96d 6.48 + 0.41

Research results nutrients, then tested on rabbit weaning in 2015 turned
out to be the treatment was not significantly different (P> 0.05), but the week
(long feeding) and the interaction of treatment and Week highly significant (P
<0.01) in the weight gain bunnies.

The role of livestock manure as a crop fertilizer provider.
The results of testing the use of sludge and straw with a ratio of 1: 1, 1: 2 ,

1: 3, 1: 4 and 1: 5, hereinafter each called P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5. Furthermore
brooded for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks, it turns out treatment, long curing and highly
significant interaction (P <0:01).

This process is the fastest treatment in composting organic materials. The
nutrient content of compost has been included in the minimum technical
requirements solid organic fertilizer to the Minister of Agriculture No. 70/
Permentan/SR.140/10/2011, so that used as organic fertilizer.

Conclusion
In conclusion, 1). Animal droppings have a very promising future in the

production of fuel, food, feed and manure. 2). In order to produce optimum
amounts of energy, food and feed appropriate amounts of droppings must be
processed under appropriate conditions. Recomendations 1). Demonstration
digesters (biogas unit) should set up to display optimum systems.2). Any any
implementation must be well planned in order to ensure maximum benefits.

References
Anonymous, 1990. Action for Food Production (AFPRO). Institutional Area,

Pankha Road. Janakpuri, New Delhi.
Anonymous, 2016. Data Statistik Populasi Ternak Kab/Kota di JawaTimur http://

disnak. Jatim prov.go.id/web/ layanan publik/data Statistik. Di
Aksestanggal: 11/07/2016

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 746
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Poster Presentation – Social, Economy, and Animal Production Systems

Fikri,M.S, D. Indradewa, E T. S. Putra. 2015. Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos
Limbah Media Tanam Jamur Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Kangkung
Darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) M Vegetalika Vol. 4 No. 2, 2015: 79-89.
Yogyakarta

Hasbullah, M. S. M.A., 2013. Laporan Hasil Sensus Pertanian 2013. Badan Pusat
Statistik Provinsi Jawa Timur

Mega Johan, 2014. Kandungan Nutrisi Baglog Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus
Ostreatus) Sebagai Bahan Pakan Ternak Pada Masa Inkubasi Yang
Berbeda. Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Hasanuddin. Makassar

Ahmad Zukni, 2013. Analisis Kandungan Unsur Npk Dalam Kompos Organik
Limbah Jamur Dengan Aktivator Ampas Tahu.

Islami A, Purnomo A.S, dan Sukesi.2013. Pengaruh Komposisi Ampas Tebu dan
kayu sengon sebagai media pertumbuhan terhadap nutrisi jamur Tiram
(Pleurotusostreatus). Jurnal Sains Dan Seni Pomits Vol. 2, No. 1, (2013)
2337-3520 (2301-928X Print). http:// digilib.its.ac.id/public/ITS-paper-
32997-1409100061-Paper.pdfdiakses 13/7/2016.

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 747
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

About the Conference

Conference Name
The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN
Regional Conference on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP)

Themes
Enhancing Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for development of Sustainable
Livestock Production

Chairman
Dr.Ir. Marjuki, M.Sc (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)

Date
19-21 October 2016

Venue
Royal Orchid Garden Hotel and Condominiums The Shining City of Batu, East
Java, Indonesia

Official Website
http://apis.ub.ac.id

Organized by:
Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya University, Indonesia

In collaboration with:
Brawijaya University, Indonesia
Indonesian Society of Animal Science
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
Malaysian Society of Animal Production
Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Thailand

Secretariat
Faculty of Animal Husbandry Brawijaya University, Malang Indonesia
Telephone +62 341 553513
Mobile/Line/WA: +62 857 076 327 91
E-mail : [email protected]

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 748
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 749
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Committee
Steering Committee
– Prof.Dr.Sc.Agr. Suyadi, MS. (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof.Dr. Kusmartono (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof. Ifar Subagiyo, Ph.D. (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof. Hendrawan Soetanto, Ph.D. (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof.Dr. Abdul Razak Alimon (Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia)
– Prof.Dr. Ali Agus, (Indonesian Society of Animal Science)
– Dr. Abu Hasan (Malaysian Society of Animal Production)
– Prof. Liang Chou Hsia, Ph.D. (National Pingtung University of Science and

Technology, Taiwan)
– Assoc.Prof. Dr. Suntorn Wittayakun (Faculty of Science and Agriculture

Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Thailand)
– Prof.Dr. Zaenal Fanani (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof.Dr. Djalal Rosyidi (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof.Dr. Budi Hartono (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof.Dr. Luqman Hakim (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)

Scientific Committee
– Prof.Dr. Trinil Susilawati (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof.Dr. Abdul Razak Alimon (Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia)
– Prof.Dr. Ramli Abdullah (Universiti Malaya, Malaysia)
– Cynthia D.K. Bottema, Ph.D. (University of Adelaide, Australia)
– Prof. Marsetyo, Ph.D. (Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi,

Indonesia)
– Dr.Umar Paputungan (Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, North Sulawesi,

Indonesia)
– Assist. Prof.Dr. Wilaiporn Chanchai (Faculty of Science and Agriculture

Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Thailand)
– Prof.Dr. Siti Chuzaemi (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Dr. Gatot Ciptadi (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Dr. Lilik Eka Radiati (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Dr. Osfar Sjofjan (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Dr. Masdiana Ch Padaga (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Dr. Eko Widodo (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Dr. Mashudi (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Dr. Ita Wahyu N (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Hari Dwi Utami, Ph.D (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Anie Eka K., M.Sc (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 750
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Organizing Committee
Honorary Chairperson
– Prof.Dr. Mohammad Bisri (Rector/President, Brawijaya University, Malang,

Indonesia)

– Prof.Dr. Kusmartono (Vice-Rector of Academic Affair, Brawijaya University,
Malang, Indonesia)

– Prof.Dr.Sc.Agr.Ir. Suyadi (Dean, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya
University, Malang, Indonesia)

Chairman Dr.Ir. Marjuki, M.Sc.

General Secretary

Coordinator Aswah Ridhowi, M.Sc.

Member Wike Andre, M.Si

Treasurers Asri Nurul Huda, MP., M.Sc
Coordinator Dr. Ir. V. M Ani N., M.Sc

Member

Secretariat Firman Jaya, MP
Coordinator Dr. M. Halim Natsir
Jaisy Aghniarahim Putritamara., MP
Members Mr. Arifatul Hafidz Achsan

Fund Raising and Sponsorship

Coordinator Aulia Puspita A. Y., MP., M.Sc

Members Dr. Kuswati,

Yuli Frita N., MP., M.Sc

Program Dr. Herly Evanuarini
Coordinator Dr. Siti Azizah
Trianti Djoharjani, M.Agr. St
Members Awang Tri Satria, ME

Logistic and Meal Dr. Tri Eko Susilorini
Coordinator Dr. Sri Minarti
Aris Sri Widati, MS
Members Ria Dewi Andriani, MP., M.Sc

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 751
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Receptionist Poespita Sari Hazanah N., MP
Coordinator Premy Puspitawati R., MP
Members Mulia Winirsya Apriliyani, MP

Field Trip Firmansyah Tri MP
Coordinator Dr. Agus Susilo
Members Mr. Djarot Sunarto

Transportation and Accommodation

Coordinator Dr. Agus Budiarto

Members Mrs. Nadhiroh

Mr. Sutikno

Mr. Yusuf

Documentation Nanang Febrianto, MP
Coordinator Hely Tistiana, MP
Mr. Kusno Waluyo
Members Mr. Rosyidi
Mr. Zaenal Abidin
Ms. Dita Anggraini

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 752
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Acknowledgments

The Organizing Committee deeply acknowledge to the partners below for their
support and sponshorship for the success of the conference

Partners

BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY

INDONESIAN SOCIETY OF MALAYSIAN SOCIETY OF
ANIMAL SCIENCE ANIMAL PRODUCTION

UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA RAJAMANGALA UNIVERSITY
OF TEHCNOLOGY LANNA

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 753
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

Sponsorships

Beef Feedlotter Industry Dairy Farm & Industry

Poultry Farm & Industry Bee Farm & Industry
Cooperative Chemical Supplier

Proceeding of The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) & 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference 754
on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP), Batu, Indonesia, October 19 - 21, 2016
“Improving the Synergistic Roles of Stakeholders for Development of Sustainable Livestock Production”

The Third Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) and The Third ASEAN Regional Conference on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP)
Batu, Indonesia, October 19 to 21, 2016

UB PRESS - ISBN : 978-602-432-017-1

Co-organized by :

Batu, Indonesia, October 19 to 21, 2016

1-710-234-206-879 : NBSI - SSERP BU

: yb dezinagro-oC

The Third Animal Production International Seminar (3rd APIS) and The Third ASEAN Regional Conference on Animal Production (3rd ARCAP) PROCEEDING

The Third APIS – ARCAP 2016

The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar

The 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference on Animal Production

Enhancing Synergistic Roles of

Stakeholders for Development of
Sustainable Livestock Production

Batu, Indonesia, October 19-21, 2016

Editors:

– Dr. Ir. Marjuki, M.Sc. (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Aswah Ridlowi, SPt., M.Sc. (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Firman Jaya, S.Pt., MP. (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Prof. Dr. Ir. Trinil Susilowati, MS. (Brawijaya University, Indonesia)
– Assoc.Prof. Dr. Suntorn Wittayakun (Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, Thailand)
– Cynthia D.K. Bottema, Ph.D. (University of Adelaide, Australia)
– Prof.Dr. Abdul Razak Alimon (Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia)
– Prof. Liang Chou Hsia, Ph.D. (National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
– Prof. A.K.Thiruvenkadan,M.V.Sc., Ph.D. (Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India)