Construction of Madan Bhandari Highway (Dharan to Dhankuta)
Construction of Mahendra Highway from Narayangadh to Butwal
Establishment of Agricultural Research Centres in Pakhribas (Dhankuta) and
Lumle (Kaski)
Establishment of British Library (Kathmandu)
Recruitment of Nepalese youths in the British Army
Nepal’s Relation with India
Nepal and India enjoy outstanding bilateral
relations. Nepal and India established diplomatic
relations on 17 June 1947 AD. The open border
between the two countries remains a unique feature
of their relations. Nepalese and Indian nationals
may move freely across the border without passports
or visas and may live and work in either country.
The following are the major projects supported by India.
BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan
National Trauma Centre and Bir Hospital, Kathmandu
Parts of East-West Highway
Trishuli and Devighat Hydroelectric Stations, Nuwakot
Manmohan Memorial Polytechnic, Morang
Mahendranagar-Tanakpur Link Road
Farbisganj-Biratnagar Railway Leak
Distribution of ambulances to various hospitals and organisations
Bus distribution to schools
Scholarships for higher education in India
Nepal’s Relation with China
Nepal's relations with the People's Republic of China
are ancient and deep-rooted. Relations between Nepal
and China have always been good and cordial. The
two countries formalised their relations on 1 August
1955 AD by establishing diplomatic relations. The
Chinese financial and technical assistance to Nepal
has contributed significantly to Nepal's development efforts in the areas of
infrastructure building, industrialisation processes, human resource development,
health, education, water management, sports, and the like. China has been helping
Nepal in the following field.
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Construction and up-gradation of Prithvi Highway (Naubise to Pokhara),
Araniko Highway (Kathmandu to Kodari), Kathmandu Ring Road
Operation of Tripureshwar – Suryabinayak Trolley Bus Service
Sunkoshi Hydroelectric Project
Hetauda Cloths Industry, Bhrikuti Paper Factory, Bhaktapur Brick Factory,
Harisiddhi Brick Tile Factory, Bansbari Leather Shoe Factory
Civil Service Hospital (Kathmandu), BP Koirala Cancer Hospital (Chitwan)
Birendra International Conference Centre
Various Scholarships for Higher Education Studies in China
Pokhara International Regional Airport
Nepal’s Relation with Japan
Nepal-Japan relations date back to the late
eighteenth century. The relation became formal
with the establishment of diplomatic relations on 1
September, 1956. AD The relations between the two
countries are marked by friendliness, goodwill and
cooperation. Nepal established its embassy in Tokyo
in 1965 AD, and Japan established its embassy in
Kathmandu in 1968 AD.
Japan has been contributing to the socio-economic development of Nepal since
1954 AD. The major areas of Japanese economic cooperation in Nepal include
human resource development, health, agriculture development, infrastructure
development, environment protection, culture, etc. In fact, One-third of the total
electricity generated in Nepal is produced with Japan's support.
The projects under Japanese assistance are given below.
Kulekhani (I and II) Hydro-power Station
Kali Gandaki 'A' Hydroelectric Station
Udayapur Cement Industry
Melamchi Water Supply Project
Koteshwor-Suryabinayak Extended Road
BP Koirala Highway
New Buspark
Single Pillar Bridge in Karnali
Tribhuwan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH)
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Nepal’s relation with the United States
The diplomatic relations between Nepal
and the United States of America (US) were
established on 25 April 1947 AD. The US is the
second country, only after the UK, with which
Nepal established diplomatic relations. Nepal
established its Embassy in Washington D.C.
on 3 February 1958 AD. On 6 August 1959 AD,
American Embassy was opened in Kathmandu.
The USA is one of the first countries to extend development assistance to Nepal.
USAID, the US foreign assistance organisation, helps Nepal boost food security,
sustainably manage natural resources, improve access to quality health care and
education, support democratic governance, and build its capacity to reduce and
respond to natural disasters. The major assistance of USAID to Nepal are as
follows:
Balaju and Hetauda Industrial Area
Nepal Industrial Development Corporation
Janak Education Material Centre, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur
Centre for Economic Development and Administration (CEDA)
Nepal Agriculture Research Council (NARC)
Scholarship opportunities for Nepalese students for higher students in the US
Nepal’s Relation with the World Bank
The World Bank is an international organisation that was formed in 1945 AD
to help economic development, especially in poorer countries. It is part of the
United Nations. It lends money to poorer countries so that they can develop their
farming, industry, and health and education systems. Its two main parts are the
IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) and the IDA
(International Development Association).
Nepal received membership of the World Bank on 6 September 1961 AD. The
projects completed with the assistance of the World Bank in Nepal are as follows.
Projects related to various highways, irrigation, drinking water, and sewerage
Nepal Industrial Development Corporation
Kulekhani Hydropower Project
Agricultural Manpower Development
Reconstruction of schools in earthquake-affected areas
Basic and Primary Education
Nepal’s Relation with the Asian Development Bank
Asian Development Bank is a bank that promotes economic growth and international
development in the Asia-Pacific region of the world. The two largest shareholders of
ADB are the United States and Japan. It was established on 19 December 1966 AD
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and is headquartered in Manila, Philippines. It has forty-seven member countries.
Nepal became a member of the ADB in 1966 AD. The following are the supporting
areas of the ADB.
Improving Public Sector Audit Standards
Drinking-Water and Sanitation Project
Capacity enhancement in Kathmandu Valley drinking water
Teaching training program
Institutional support for the power sector
Apart from these donor countries and agencies, Nepal also receives valuable
assistance from Germany, Canada, Italy, the International Monetary Fund,
Nepal Development Assistance Group, Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting
Countries (OPEC), World Trade Organisation (WTO), South Asian Free Trade
Area (SAFTA), Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic
Cooperation (BIMSTEC) and other organisations for its economic and technical
development activities
ACTIVITIES
(1) Discuss the need for international relations, coordination, and cooperation.
(2) Discuss among your friends and complete the table below
Donor countries and agencies Areas of assistance
1.
2.
3.
EXERCISE
(1) Identify the following donor agencies with the help of the given description.
BIMSTEC International Monetary South Asian Free Trade
Fund Area
World Trade Organisation Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
(a) It is a part of the United Nations that encourages international trade and
gives financial help to poor countries.
...................................................................
(b) It is a regional trade agreement between SAARC nations to allow free trade
area among its member nations.
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(c) It is an international organisation involving a group of countries in South
Asia and Southeast Asia. These are Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka,
Thailand, Bhutan, and Nepal. It was formed to attach shared and accelerated
growth through mutual cooperation in different areas of common interests.
...................................................................
(d) It is an organisation that tries to control international trade and make it
easier.
...................................................................
(e) The members of this organisation are countries that produce more petroleum
(oil) than they need. The organisation tells these countries how much oil to
export or ship to other countries. It also tells them how much money to
charge for the oil. Its main purpose is to help its members to make more
money.
...................................................................
(2) Write very short answers to the following questions.
(a) Why should a nation maintain mutual relations with other countries?
(b) How are bilateral relations different from multilateral relations? Explain in a
sentence.
(c) What do you mean by diplomatic relations?
(d) Define a donor nation and agency.
(3) Answer the following questions in brief.
(a) Explain the brief history of Nepal's international relations brief.
(b) What are the fundamental principles of Nepal’s foreign policy? Mention any
four of them.
(c) Why do developed countries provide financial and technical assistance to
the least developed and developing nations? Explain with suitable reasons.
(d) What are the benefits and challenges of Nepal's open border with India?
Mention any two benefits and challenges.
(e) Why are international relations and cooperation important among nations?
Mention in four points.
COMMUNITY WORK
In addition to the organisations mentioned in the text, explore the areas of
support provided by four other organisations that help Nepal, and discuss it
in class.
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Lesson Nepal in the United Nations
Organisation
9.2
The United Nations Organisations (UNO) is the
largest international organisation in the world.
It was formally established on 24 October, 1945
AD. The main objectives that UNO has set up
as its prime goals were to maintain world peace
and security, develop a friendly relationship
among the countries of the world, protect human
rights and dignity, work for the socio-economic
progress in the world and provide humanitarian
aids in the world.
The headquarters of UNO is in New York.
Initially, it had only 51 member countries. It
has 193 member countries at present. Nepal
initiated to get its membership through its embassy in London in 1947 AD and
applied in 1948 AD. Finally, Nepal got membership of UNO on 14 December 1955
AD. Nepal has done several tasks as the active members of UNO.
Being a member of UNO, Nepal has got various chances to be an active member
taking responsibilities in UNO. Nepal was elected as a non-permanent member of
UN security council twice i.e. in 1969/70 AD and 1988/89 AD It was also elected as
the Vice president of the United Nations General Assembly several times such as
1958, 1968, 1970, 1974, 1975, 1983, 1984, 1988 and 2001 AD Nepal has become the
head of the Least Developed Countries (LDC). Nepal's representative, Kul Chandra
Gautam, was appointed as the Deputy Secretary-General of the UNO. Pawan Jung
Thapa, an officer of the Nepal Army, had been appointed as the Force Commander
of United Nations Mission in Sudan in 2008 AD
Nepal has signed in the UN Charter, resolutions, treaties, declarations, etc. of UNO
and its specialised agencies. It tries to implement the terms in all documents as a
signatory. The charter of UNO is one of the important bases of Nepal's foreign policy.
Nepal has been supporting the UN's peacekeeping mission as its active member.
Nepal had initially participated in UN peacekeeping mission as an observer in 1958
AD. It has been regularly participating in UN peacekeeping mission since its first
mission of United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) in 1978 AD. Nepali
Army, Nepal Police, and Armed Police Force (APF) Nepal are working in UN Peace
Keeping Missions in several countries such as Burundi, Chad, Sudan, Liberia,
Haiti and so on. Besides the soldiers, the Nepali experts of various professions in
socio-economic fields are also participating in the UNO's Peace Keeping Mission.
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Nepal has actively participated in UN's activities along with the UN Peace
Keeping Mission. Nepal played an active role to pass the special report against
racial discrimination in 1966 AD. Nepal had played a significant role to pass the
report regarding the disarmament and ban on atomic weapons when it was a
member of the security council in 1968/69 AD. Nepal as other members of UNO
has paid attention and been actively participating the UN's activities to tackle the
challenges created by climate changes and other current issues. Nepal proves itself
as a true member of UNO, playing a significant role in making the UN's aim to
maintain peace and order in the world a success.
If you support anybody, you will also get support from them. Similar to it, UNO also
has an important contribution to Nepal's development, institutionalising democracy
and maintaining peace and order. It played a crucial role in the peacebuilding
process in Nepal. It established the United Mission in Nepal(UNMIN) for conflict
management after a ten-year-long armed revolution of Maoist. Its role in arm
management, the election of the Constituent Assembly, and the integration of the
Maoists are praiseworthy. The United Nations Organisation has also been playing
an important role in women's empowerment, child welfare, and human rights
protection in Nepal. It has also played an active role in Nepal's socio-economic
fields and good governance through its specialised agencies.
ACTIVITIES
(1) Discuss in the class and suggest what should be done to maintain peace and
order in the county.
(2) Collect the information about the role of UNMIN from different sources and
share it in your class.
EXERCISE
(1) Write very short answers to the following questions.
(a) What is the UN Peace Keeping Force?
(b) When did Nepal participate in UN Peace Keeping Mission?
(c) Who was the Nepali representative appointed as Deputy Secretary-General
of the UNO?
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(d) How many times was Nepal elected as the vice president of UN General
Assembly?
(2) Write short answers to the following questions.
(a) Explain the relationship between UNO and Nepal in brief.
(b) "If you support anybody, you will also get support from them." Justify this
statement in your own words.
(c) Enlist the UNO and Nepal's contribution to each other in a table.
Nepal's contribution to UNO UNO's contribution to Nepal
(d) Write a letter to your friend explaining the importance of mutual relationship
among friends giving an example.
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Lesson Nepal's Contribution in
International Peacekeeping
9.3
Nepal is a peace-loving country in the world. This is the birthplace of Lord Gautam
Buddha, the pioneer person to spread peace in the world. Nepal wants to be a
country of peace. All Nepali are peace lovers. Nepal always remains neutral in any
international conflict between the countries. It does not keep the side of any rival
group.
It keeps a friendly relationship with all countries of the world. Nepal has also
proposed that it should be recognised a zone of peace during the reign of King
Birendra Bir Bikram Shah. Many countries in the world accepted this proposal.
Nepal has adopted a non-aligned policy for
international relationships. It allows Nepal
to speak against injustice, exploitation and
oppose such activities in the United Nations.
Nepal tries to maintain peace by keeping a good
relationship with everyone.
International sports are conducted to maintain
a friendly relationship among the participating
countries. We know that the Olympic games
were started in Greece to encourage Athens and UN peacekeeping force
Sparta to stop fighting and enjoy the peaceful
competition. Nepal contributed to maintaining
international peace by participating and hosting international games.
Nepal is a naturally beautiful country. Many people from different countries visit
Nepal every year. Nepali culture accepts the guest as a god -cltly bj] M ejM_ encourage
Nepali people to help the tourist. The hospitality shown by Nepalese has impressed
the tourists. Tourism in Nepal also strengthens the friendship with the countries.
This ultimately helps to establish a bridge for peace and understanding.
Nepal, as a member of UNO, is actively participating in the Peace Keeping Mission
of UNO. It joined in this mission as an observer in 1958 AD and as an operator in
1978 AD. It sends its army, police, and armed police force to different countries for
establishing peace. The Nepal Army works under the direction of the Department
of Peace Keeping Operation while in a peacekeeping operation. The Nepali soldiers
wear their own uniform with a blue helmet and batch given by UNO. They work
together with the army of other countries too. The army of other countries also
wears their own uniform and blue helmet given by UNO.
The peacekeeping force have to do the following work while they are on a
peacekeeping mission.
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Distribute food and other supplies.
Protect the people of both rival groups.
Work as a mediator for a peace process.
Enforce the UN's decisions regarding the peace process.
Train the national army of the particular country.
Clear the mines.
Supervise the national election.
Besides its active participation in UN Peacekeeping missions, Nepal has been
working in other areas too. It raises the voice to end racial and colour discrimination
and colonisation for establishing peace in the world. It also raises the voice strongly
against the exploitation, domination, attack, threatening and inhuman activities
done by one country to another. Nepal has the opportunity to work on the important
post of UNO's various organs because of its neutral and bold performance. Nepal
also gained its name and fame in the international community because of its
contribution to establishing peace and understanding.
Nepal's contribution to the establishment of international peace can also be listed
as given below.
Nepal has been sending its force and non-security personnels to UN
Peacekeeping missions in many countries such as Lebanon, Iraq, Congo,
Sudan, Israel, Sudan, etc.
Nepal always supports the decision and resolutions of the UN-related to peace
and security in the world.
Nepal has signed treaties to stop the experiment and manufacturing of atomic
weapons.
Nepal raised its voice in the UNO for the rights of landlocked countries in
the transportation and sea routes, which supports landlocked countries not
to have any kind of misunderstanding with neighbouring countries for a sea
route.
Nepal had played important roles in establishing international peace when it
was an active member of different committees in UNO.
Nepal keeps a friendly relationship with the countries of the world.
ACTIVITIES
(1) Meet one of the army personnel or concerned persons who has recently
returned from the peacekeeping mission. Ask what activities she or he
did in the mission and present the conclusion in the classroom.
(2) What roles had the UN played for the establishment of peace in Nepal?
Make a study and present your findings in the classroom.
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EXERCISE
(1) Write very short answers to the following questions.
(a) When was Nepal granted the membership of the United Nations?
(b) What is peacekeeping force?
(c) Name any four nations where Nepalese peacekeeping force has been
contributing for preventing war or violence.
(d) Define disarmament.
(e) What do you mean by non-aligned movement?
(f) Mention the five principles of the Panchasheela.
(g) Write the full form of UNMIN.
(2) Write short answers to the given questions.
(a) What contribution has Nepal made in the UN? Mention any four of them.
(b) Are you satisfied with the role of Nepal in the UN? Present your opinion in
four points.
(c) Mention the attempts made by Nepal to obtain the membership of the UN.
(d) What roles has Nepal played in the UN for the welfare and rights of the
landlocked countries? Present your views in four points.
(e) The practice of sending peacekeeping troops to foreign nations has been
questioned time and often. In your view, is it right to send our peacekeeping
force to other countries? Present your opinion in four points.
COMMUNITY WORK
There might be people who have participated in UN peacekeeping mission.
Meet them and share their experiences while they were on a mission. Then
prepare a short report based on your discussion.
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Lesson
9.4 Diplomatic Mission
The countries in the world do not have the same status. Some countries are big
and economically developed. Some countries are small and economically poor. They
all are interdependent for their coexistence. Developed countries need the support
of developing countries for the market of their products and raw materials for
their industries. Similarly, developing countries need the support of the developed
countries for manufactured goods and other economic support for their all-round
development. The countries in the world need to make a good relationship among
them for these purposes. To strengthen international relations and create an easy
working environment, they depute and receive diplomats such as ambassadors,
consuls, or envoy from each other's country. The countries establish offices such
as embassy, consulate, a permanent mission to the United Nations, etc. for their
diplomats in foreign countries. This is known as a diplomatic mission. Thus, a
diplomatic mission is an organisation in another country that formally represents
a country to develop and expand international relations and exchange mutual
assistance. Diplomatic missions represent the government in foreign lands.
Embassy
The countries of the world send diplomats to foreign countries for strengthening
their relationship and work as the representative of the respective country in a
foreign land. The highest rank diplomat sent by one sovereign country to another
as its authorised representative is known as ambassador. The ambassador is the
person who works as a representative of a nation in a foreign country. According to
the Vienna Convention of 1815 AD the ambassador is the personal representative of
the head of state sent abroad and has a great position in the official hierarchy. That
is why; the ambassador is addressed as His Excellency or the Supreme Personality.
Nepali ambassadors are appointed by the President on the recommendation of the
council of ministers.
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The embassy is an official residence or office of an ambassador. It has been
established in a foreign country with which diplomatic relations are established. The
embassy is a high-level diplomatic mission. The establishment of such embassies
is influenced by trade relations between nations, citizen visits, and power balance.
Nepal has established embassies in the following countries.
The Countries with Residential Embassy of Nepal
1. Australia 2. Bahrain 3. Bangladesh 4. Belgium
5. Brazil 6. Canada 7. China 8. Denmark
9. Egypt 10. France 11. Germany 12. India
13. Israel 14. Japan 15. South Korea 16. Kuwait
17. Malaysia 18. Myanmar 19. Oman 20. Pakistan
21. Qatar 22. Russia 23. Saudi Arabia 24. South Africa
25. Sri Lanka 26. Thailand 27. Spain 28. United Kingdom
29. United States of America 30. United Arab Emirates
Foreign Countries with Residential Embassy in Nepal
1. Australia 2. Bangladesh 3. Brazil 4. China
5. Denmark 6. Egypt 7. Finland 8. France
9. Germany 10. India 11. Israel 12. Japan
13. North Korea 14. South Korea 15. Malaysia 16. Myanmar
17. Norway 18. Pakistan 19. Qatar 20. Russia
21. Saudi Arabia 22. Sri Lanka 23. Switzerland 24. Thailand
25. United Kingdom 26. United States of America
27. United Arab Emirates
Source: Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Main Functions of the Embassy
Diplomatic missions like embassy should work in another country and represent
the country within diplomatic values, norms, and protocol. If they do not work
as per diplomatic ethics, the self-esteem of the other country may be disturbed,
and the relations between the two countries may deteriorate. The main official
functions of embassy are:
To provide security to their respective countries' citizens, listen to their
complaints while staying in foreign lands, and provide necessary assistance to
solve their problems.
To issue entry permits (Visa) to the citizens travelling to their country from
respective country.
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To arrange visits of high-ranking persons such as President, Prime Minister,
Ministers, etc., of their country.
To move forward the discussions in the process of signing mutual treaties and
agreements between the two countries.
To express the formal opinion of her or his country in any proposal put forward
by the country where the embassy is situated.
Consulate
When the countries do not feel the need for close relations but want to maintain
friendly contact, they appoint a consul. The consulate is the diplomatic mission
established in countries where embassy has not been established. There is no
Canadian embassy in Nepal but only a consulate. The Canadian Embassy in India
works in Nepal with the assistance of the consulate. Generally, consulates can be
established in the big cities of host countries. The consulates support their citizens
in the host countries like the embassies. Consulates provide emergency service to
their people, review and replace the lost passports and other documents. Consulate
General is the chief officer of the consulate
ACTIVITIES
(1) Discuss the role of Nepali Diplomatic missions in Nepal's all-around
development and make a list of the points brought in the discussion.
(2) Prepare a news article, including the activities done by Nepali embassies in
foreign countries, to raise Nepal's reputation.
EXERCISE
(1) Write short answers to the following questions.
(a) Name any eight countries that have established embassies in Nepal.
(b) What are the functions of an embassy?
(c) Why should the developed and developing countries depend on each other?
(d) How does diplomatic mission strengthen relationship between the countries?
(e) Write two similarities and two differences between the consulate and
embassy.
(f) "Diplomatic missions should represent their respective countries within
diplomatic values, norms and protocol." Justify the statement in your own
words.
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Lesson
9.5 Current Affairs
The changes taking place in the economic, social, political, sports, science, and
technology and various other fields in the country as well as in the world are called
contemporary events or current affairs. It is common knowledge to keep an up-
to-date record of such incidents. The study of contemporary general knowledge
plays an important role in developing our understanding, demonstrate our abilities
in various competitions, and succeed in various examinations conducted across
the country and the world. Therefore, it is necessary to keep abreast of important
events that have taken place in every corner of the world. We can get information
about such events from various sources such as radio, television, the internet,
newspapers, phones, etc. We should study the current events for different purposes,
as given below.
To be aware of the discoveries, investigations, and research done in different
areas of the world and their impacts on people's lives.
To develop tourism, brotherhood, international relations, peace, and cooperation
by establishing bilateral and multilateral relations between nations,
To develop knowledge, skills, and attitudes in an individual to adopt a changed
society,
To aware the people with the issues like climate change, economic decline,
epidemics of various diseases, war etc.
Some Current Events of the World
Conference of Parties (COP)
The Conference of Parties (COP) is the decision-
making body responsible for monitoring and
reviewing the implementation of the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCC). It brings together the 197
nations and territories, called Parties that have
signed on to the Framework Convention. The
COP meets every year unless the Parties decide
otherwise. The meeting of the COP is attended
by the political leaders of member states and Conference of Parties (CoP)
environment activists. The first COP meeting
was held in Berlin, Germany, in March 1995. The 25th COP meeting was held in
Madrid, Spain, from 2 to 13 December 2019 under the presidency of the Chilean
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government. The meeting discussed the various issues of climate change and its
management. It also reviewed the decisions made in the previous meeting. The
26th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP26) was originally scheduled to
take place from 9-19 November 2020, in Glasgow, UK. The COP Bureau decided
to postpone it to be held from 1-12 November 2021, in Glasgow, UK, due to the
COVID-19 Pandemic.
Corona Virus (COVID-19) Pandemic
The world has seen the emergence of a Novel
Corona Virus on 31 December 2019, officially
referred to as COVID-19. The virus was first
isolated from persons with pneumonia in
Wuhan city, China. The corona virus disease,
COVID-19, is the recently discovered corona
virus. It has been spread all over the world,
causing a pandemic. The COVID-19 has
been transmitted from one person to other
persons very fast than the diseases caused by Corona virus
other viruses. The virus can cause a range
of symptoms, ranging from mild illness to
pneumonia. The common symptoms of the disease are fever, cough, sore throat,
and headaches. In severe cases, difficulty in breathing and deaths can occur. There
is no specific treatment for people who are sick with corona virus.
The Noble Prizes
The prizes awarded annually by the
Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals
and organizations who make outstanding
contributions in different fields such as
chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and
physiology or medicine. Each prize recipient
receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of
money, which is decided annually by the Nobel
Foundation.
Reinhard Genzel (a German astrophysicist),
Sir Roger Penrose (an English mathematical Noble prize
physicist), and Andrea Mia Ghez (an American
astronomer) are awarded the Noble prize, 2020 in Physics. Emmanuelle Marie
Charpentier (a French professor and researcher in microbiology, genetics, and
biochemistry) and Jennifer Doudna (an American biochemist of the University
of California, Berkeley) were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the
development of a method for genome editing." Louise Elisabeth Glück (an American
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poet and essayist) won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Literature. Similarly, Harvey J.
Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M. Rice got noble prize in Physiology or
Medicine. The noble prize in economics was given to Paul R. Milgrom and Robert
B. Wilson. The World Food Programme was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2020
for its efforts to provide food assistance in areas of conflict and to prevent the use
of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict.
ACTIVITIES
(1) Prepare the following table in your exercise book and record the current
affairs related to Social Studies lessons.
Record of current affairs related to the subject matters of
Social Studies-9
SN Date News Source Related Lessons Remarks
EXERCISE
(1) Write very short answers to the following questions.
(a) What do you mean by current affair?
(b) Write the title of the latest news of your locality.
(c) List out any two sources of current affairs.
(d) When did COVID-19 break out in the world?
(2) Write short answers to the following questions.
(a) Explain the importance of current affairs in our daily life.
(b) Write about the noble price in your own words.
(c) What do you know about the Corona Virus, COVID-19?
(d) Make a list of some current affairs that have happened within our country.
?
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