84 نصيحة عملية للبدء بمشروع ريادي ناجح

‫ﻓﻲ ھذا اﻟﻛﺗﺎب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﻛﺗوﺑﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﯾن اﻟﺳطور‪ ،‬وﺗظ ﱡل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطرة ﻣﺳﺗﻣ ﱠرة ﻣﻌك‪ ،‬وﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ أن‬
‫ﺗﻛون ﻣوﺟودة ﻋﻧدﻣﺎ ﺗﺣﺗﺎج إﻟﯾﮭﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑوﺻﻔﻲ رﯾﺎدﯾﺎ‪ ،‬اﺿ ُط ِرر ُت إﻟﻰ ﺗَﺣ ﱡﻣل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﯾو ًﻣﺎ ﺑﻌد ﯾوم ﺗﻘرﯾﺑًﺎ‪ .‬أﺗذ ﱠﻛر ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪2007‬م‪ ،‬أﻧﱠﻧﺎ‬
‫أ َر ْدﻧﺎ ﺗﻘدﯾم ﻋر ٍض ﺗﺟرﯾﺑ ّﻲٍ ﻟﻠﺳﺟ ﱠﻼت اﻟط ِﺑّﯾﱠﺔ اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﯾﱠﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻧﺎﺋب وزﯾر اﻟدﻓﺎع اﻟﺳﻌود ّيِ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻣؤﺗﻣر اﻟﺳﻧو ّيِ ﻟﻠﺧدﻣﺎت اﻟط ِﺑّﯾﱠﺔ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﯾﻧﺎ أن ﻧﺑﯾِّن أﻧﱠﻧﺎ ﻧﺟﺣﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻌل اﻟﺳﺟ ﱠﻼت اﻟطﺑِّﯾﱠﺔ ﻣﺗزاﻣﻧﺔ‬
‫وﻣرﺑوطﺔ ﺑﯾن ﺳﺗﱠﺔ ﻣﻧﺎطﻖ ﺑﻌﯾدة وﻣﺗﻔ ِّرﻗﺔ ﻓﻲ أﻧﺣﺎء اﻟﺳﻌودﯾﱠﺔ‪ .‬واﺟﮭﻧﺎ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ أﻧواع اﻟﻣﺷﻛﻼت ﺑﺳﺑب‬
‫اﻟﺗﺻﺎرﯾﺢ اﻷﻣﻧﯾﱠﺔ‪ ،‬وﻟم ﺗﻛن اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﯾﺎت ﻣرﺑوطﺔً ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻧﺗرﻧت ﻓﻲ ذﻟك اﻟوﻗت‪ ،‬وأردﻧﺎ ﺗرﻛﯾب‬

‫أﻧظﻣ ِﺔ اﻹﻧﺗرﻧت اﻟﻔﺿﺎﺋﯾﱠﺔ اﻟﺧﺎ ﱠﺻﺔ ﺑﻧﺎ ﻋﺑر اﻷﻗﻣﺎر اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﱠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺑل أﺳﺑوع ﻣن اﻟﺣدث‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻘت اﻷﺟﮭزة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟﻣﺎرك‪ ،‬وﻟم ﯾﻛن اﻟرﺑط ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺗرﻧت ﻣﺗﺎ ًﺣﺎ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻠﺣظﺔ‪،‬‬
‫وﻟم ﯾُر ﱠﻛب ﻧظﺎم اﻟﺳﺟ ﱠﻼت اﻟطﺑِّﯾﱠﺔ اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﯾﱠﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺣ ﱠدﺛ ُت ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣدﯾر اﻟﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ّيِ ﻓﻲ ﻧﯾﻛﺳس‪ ،‬اﻟدﻛﺗور إﻧﻐو‬
‫ﺑﯾرﻧت )‪ (Ingo Behrendt‬اﻟذي أﺗﻰ أﯾ ًﺿﺎ ﻣن ﺧﻠﻔﯾﱠﺔ رﯾﺎدﯾﱠ ٍﺔ وﻟﯾس ﻣن ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻛﺑرى‪ .‬وﻣﻊ أﻧﱠﮫ‬
‫ﻛﺎن ﻗد ﻋﻣل ﻣﻊ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﺳﯾﻣﻧز )‪ (Siemens‬ﻟﺳﻧوا ٍت‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﱠﮫ اﺳﺗﻘﺎ َل ﻟﯾﺷﺎرك ﻓﻲ ﺗﺄﺳﯾس ﺷرﻛﺔ‬
‫ﻧﯾﻛﺳس‪ .‬اﺗﱠﻔﻘﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣواﺻﻠﺔ اﻟﻌرض‪ ،‬وﻛﺎﻧت ﻣﮭ ﱠﻣﺗﻲ ھﻲ ﺗوﻓﯾر اﻷﺟﮭزة وﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻹﻧﺗرا ِﻧت‬
‫)‪ (Intranet‬ﺧﻼل ‪ 24‬ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻗﺑل اﻟﺣدث‪ ،‬وﻛﺎﻧت وظﯾﻔﺗﮫ ھﻲ ﺗﺷﻐﯾل ﻧظﺎﻣﮫ‪ .‬وﺑﻌد أن ﺣﺻﻠﻧﺎ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﺗراﺧﯾص اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻹﺧراج اﻷﺟﮭزة ﻣن اﻟﺟﻣﺎرك وأرﺳﻠﻧﺎ ﻓرﯾﻖ اﻟﻘﻣر اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋ ّﻲِ إﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺧﻣﺳﺔ ﻣواﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠ ﱠﻲ أن أﻧﻘل ﻓرﯾﻘﻲ اﻟﺧﺎ ﱠص إﻟﻰ اﻟرﯾﺎض ﺣﯾث ﻛﺎن ﯾﺟب ﺗرﻛﯾب اﻟﺟﮭﺎز‬
‫اﻟرﺋﯾﺳ ّﻲ‪ .‬ﺗﺣ ﱠﻣل أﺣد ﻣﮭﻧدﺳﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﺷﺑﺎب ﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﱠﺔ ﺗرﻛﯾب أﺟﮭزة ﺷرﻛﺔ َﺻن ﻋﻧدﻣﺎ ﻟم ﯾﺳﺗطﻊ‬

‫ﻣو ِّردﻧﺎ أن ﯾﻔﻌل ذﻟك ﻟﺿﯾﻖ اﻟوﻗت اﻟﻣﺣ ﱠدد‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﺎن ﻣوﻋد اﻟﺣدث ﻓﻲ اﻟﯾوم اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎﻧت اﻹﺟراءات اﻷﻣﻧﯾﱠﺔ ﻣﺷ ﱠددة ﺣول ﻗ ﱠﻣﺔ أوﭘك]‪[51‬‬
‫)‪ ،(OPEC‬اﻟﺗﻲ ﻋﻘدت ﻓﻲ اﻟﯾوم ﻧﻔﺳﮫ ﻓﻲ اﻟرﯾﺎض ﻟﺳوء اﻟﺣ ّظ‪ ،‬وﺣﺎل ذﻟك دون ﺗﻣ ﱡﻛﻧﻧﺎ ﻣن‬
‫اﻟﺗﺣ ﱡرك ﺑﺎﻟﺳﯾﱠﺎرة ﻓﻲ أرﺟﺎء اﻟﻣدﯾﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﺣﯾث ﻛﺎن ﺳﯾُر ﱠﻛب ﻧظﺎم ﻧﯾﻛﺳس ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﮭﺎز ﻣر َﻛز ّي‪ .‬ﻟم‬
‫ﯾﺳﺗطﻊ اﻟﻔرﯾﻖ اﻟوﺻول إﻟﻰ ﻣوﻗﻊ ﺗرﻛﯾب اﻟﺟﮭﺎز اﻟﻣر َﻛز ّيِ ﻗﺑل اﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺛﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﻣن ﺑﻌد اﻟظﮭر‪ ،‬ﻣ ﱠﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻌﻠﻧﺎ ﻧﺿ ِﯾّﻊ اﻟﯾوم ﻛﻠﱠﮫ ﺗﻘرﯾﺑًﺎ‪ .‬اﺗﱠﺻل ﺑﻲ ﻣدﯾر اﻟﻣﺷروع ﻣن ﻧﯾﻛﺳس وﺣﺎول ﻣﻧﻌﻲ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺿ ّﻲِ‬
‫ﻗُد ًﻣﺎ‪ .‬أﺗذ ﱠﻛر ﻗوﻟﻲ ﻟﮫ إﻧﱠﮫ ﻟﯾس ﻣن اﻟﺿرر أن ﻧﺣﺎول‪ ،‬وإ ِﻧّﻲ أﺗﺣ ﱠﻣل ﻛﺎﻣل اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﱠﺔ ﻋن أ ّيِ ﻓﺷ ٍل‬
‫أﻣﺎم رﺋﯾﺳﮫ‪ .‬ﻋﺷﯾﱠﺔ ھذا اﻟﺣدث‪ ،‬اﺻطﺣﺑ ُت إﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﺷﺎء اﻟرؤﺳﺎء اﻟﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ِﯾّﯾن ﻣن ﻧﯾﻛﺳس و َﺻن‬
‫ﻣﺎﯾﻛروﺳﯾﺳﺗﻣز وﻛﯾرﻓﻲ )‪ -(Kerfi‬اﻟذﯾن ﻛﺎﻧوا ﻗد أﺗوا ﺟوا ﻣن اﻟﺳوﯾد وأﻟﻣﺎﻧﯾﺎ واﻹﻣﺎرات ﻟﺣﺿور‬
‫اﻟﺣدث‪ .‬ﻟم أﺳﺗطﻊ ﻣﺟﺎﻣﻠﺗﮭم واﻟﺗﺣ ﱡدث ﻣﻌﮭم إذ ﻛﻧ ُت أﺳﺗﻘﺑل رﺳﺎﺋل ﻧ ِ ّﺻﯾﱠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ھﺎﺗﻔﻲ ﻣن اﻟﻔرﯾﻖ‬
‫اﻟﮭﻧدﺳ ّﻲِ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻣرار‪ .‬وﻋﻧد اﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ ‪ 9:30‬ﻟﯾ ًﻼ‪ ،‬اﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠ ُت ﻣﻛﺎﻟﻣﺔً ھﺎﺗﻔﯾﱠﺔً ﺗﻘول إ ﱠن اﻷﺟﮭزة واﻹﻧﺗراﻧِت‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧت ﺟﺎھزة‪ .‬أﺧﺑر ُت اﻟدﻛﺗور إﻧﻐو اﻟذي ﻛﺎن ﻗد وﺻل ﻟﺗ ِّوه وﻟم ﯾﺣﺿر اﻟﻌﺷﺎء‪ .‬ﺗﺣ ﱠدث ﻣﻊ ﻓرﯾﻘﮫ‬
‫وﺑدأوا اﻟﻌﻣل ﻓﻲ اﻟﺗرﻛﯾب ﻋن ﺑﻌد‪ .‬ﻟم ﺗﻧﺗ ِﮫ اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﱠﺔ إ ﱠﻻ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺟر‪ ،‬وﻣن ﺛ ﱠم اﺟﺗﻣﻌﻧﺎاﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺳﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺻﺑﺎ ًﺣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﻛﺑﯾرة ﻓﻲ ﻓﻧدق اﻹﻧﺗرﻛوﻧﺗﻧﻧﺗﺎل‪ ،‬وﺣﺑﺳ ُت أﻧﻔﺎﺳﻲ ﺑﯾﻧﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن اﻷﻟﻣﺎﻧ ﱡﻲ ﯾُﺟري ﻓﺣ َص‬
‫اﻟدﻗﯾﻘﺔ اﻷﺧﯾرة رﻓﻊ إﺑﮭﺎ َﻣﯾﮫ ﺑﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻧﺟﺎح! ﻧﺎل ذﻟك اﻻﻓﺗﺗﺎح ﻧﺻﯾﺑًﺎ واﻓ ًرا ﻓﻲ وﺳﺎﺋل اﻹﻋﻼم‪ ،‬ﺣﺗﱠﻰ‬
‫إﻧﱠﻧﺎ ﻣﻛﺛﻧﺎ ﻧﺳﺗﺛﻣر ﻣﺎ ورد ﻓﻲ اﻹﻋﻼم ﻟﺳﻧوا ٍت ﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‪ [53]،[52].‬وزاد ذﻟك أﯾ ًﺿﺎ ﻣن ﻣﺻداﻗﯾﱠﺗﻧﺎ أﻣﺎم‬

‫ﻋﻣﯾﻠﻧﺎ ور ﱠﺳﺦ أﻗدا َﻣﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺷروع ﺑوﺻﻔﻧﺎ ﺷرﻛﺔً رﯾﺎدﯾﱠﺔ ﻗﺎدرةً ﻋﻠﻰ إﻧﺟﺎز أﻋﻣﺎ ٍل ﻛﺑرى‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻧﺻﺎﺋﺢ ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ‪5 :‬‬

‫ﺟدول اﻟﻣﺻطﻠﺣﺎت‬





‫اﻟﮭواﻣش‬

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.‫ ﻣن أﻋﻣﺎل ﺗﺟﺎرﯾﱠﺔ إﻟﻰ أﻋﻣﺎل ﺗﺟﺎرﯾﱠﺔ‬:‫ وﺗﻌﻧﻲ‬،’’Business to Business‘‘ ‫[ اﺧﺗﺻﺎ ُر‬4]
.‫ ﻣن أﻋﻣﺎل ﺗﺟﺎرﯾﱠﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﮭﻠك‬:‫ وﺗﻌﻧﻲ‬,’’Business to Consumer‘‘ ‫[ اﺧﺗﺻﺎ ُر‬5]

O’Neill, Sean “8 Foreign Fast-Food Chains Worth a Taste”. September 26th, 2011 CNN, (6)
http://www.cnn.com/2011/09/26/travel/foreign-fast-food-bt

http://www.sadara.com (7)
‫ ﻣﻠﯾﺎر رﯾـﺎل ﻟﻠﺧدﻣﺎت اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﱠﺔ واﻟط ِﺑّﯾﱠﺔ ]أي ﻧﺣو‬100‫ و‬،‫ ﻟﻠﺗرﺑﯾﺔ واﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬%25 :‫( اﻟﻣوازﻧﺔ‬8)
‫دﯾﺳﻣﺑر‬/‫ ﻛﺎﻧون أ ﱠول‬29 ،‫ ﺻﺣﯾﻔﺔ اﻟوطن‬،‫ وﻛﺎﻟﺔ اﻷﻧﺑﺎء اﻟﺳﻌودﯾﱠﺔ‬-[‫ ﻣﻠﯾﺎر دوﻻر أﻣﯾرﻛ ّﻲ‬27

.‫م‬2012
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.2013
‫ أ ﱠول َﻣن اﺳﺗﺧد َﻣﮫ ھو زﯾﺎد أورﻗﻧﺟﻲ ﻓﻲ‬،‫( ﻣﺻطﻠ ٌﺢ ﻋرﺑ ﱞﻲ ﺟدﯾد‬Branding) ’’‫( ‘‘اﻹﯾﺳﺎم‬13)

.‫ﻛﺗﺎ ٍب ﯾﺣﻣل اﻻﺳم ﻧﻔﺳﮫ‬
‫ وﺗﻌﻧﻲ واﺟﮭﺔ‬،’’Graphical User Interface‘‘ ‫’’ ھﻲ اﺧﺗﺻﺎر اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت‬GUI‘‘ (14)

.‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟرﺳوﻣﯾﱠﺔ‬
‫’’ ھﻲ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺑرﻣﺟﺔ ﺗﻌﻣل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺣوﯾل ﻟﻐﺔ اﻵﻟﺔ )اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ( ﻟﺑرﻣﺟﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ إﻟﻰ‬Assembly‘‘ (15)

.‫ واﻟﻌﻛس ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻛس‬،‫ﻟﻐﺔ ﯾﻔﮭﻣﮭﺎ اﻹﻧﺳﺎن‬
Isaacson, Walter. Steve Jobs. (New York: Simon and Schuster, (16)

.2011), Chapter 16

ٌ

.‫م‬2004 ‫ﻣﺎرس‬/‫ آذار‬4 ،‫ اﻟﺷرق اﻷوﺳط‬.‫ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔٌ ﻣﻊ وﻟﯾد اﻷﺻﻔر‬،‫( ﺧﺎﻟد ُﺳﻠَﯾﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬17)
‫ ﻣن دﺧل اﻟﺷرﻛﺎت ﻓﻲ‬%2.5 ‫ ﺗﺑﻠ ُﻎ زﻛﺎة اﻟﻣﺎل‬،‫( ﻛﻣﺎ ھو ﻣﻌﻣو ٌل ﺑﮫ َوﻓ َﻖ اﻟﺷرﯾﻌﺔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯾﱠﺔ‬18)

.‫اﻟﺳﻌودﯾﱠﺔ‬
.’’Venture Capitalists‘‘ ِ‫ اﺧﺗﺻﺎر اﻟﻣﺻطﻠﺢ اﻹﻧﻛﻠﯾز ّي‬:’’VCs‘‘ (19)
Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation (20)

to Create Radically Successful Businesses. (New York: Crown Publishing, 2011), p. 11

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.ventures notes, Harvard Business School, June 2013

Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use (22)
Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses.

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http://www.startuplessonslearned.com/2013/07/lean-startup-beyond-

tech-sector.html
.32 ‫ اﻧظر اﻟﻧﺻﯾﺣﺔ‬،‫( ﻟﻣزﯾد ﻣن اﻟﺷرح ﻋن أﺻل اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺔ‬24)
Rogers, Steven. Entrepreneurial Finance, Second Edition, (New (25)

.York: McGraw Hill, 2007), Chapter 5
.‫ ھو ﺗﺣدﯾد اﻻﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﺗﺟﺎر ّيِ ﻟﻸرض ُﻣﺳﺑﱠﻘًﺎ ﺿﻣ َن اﻟﻣدﯾﻧﺔ‬:(Zoning) ‫( ﺗﻘﺳﯾم اﻟﻣﻧﺎطﻖ‬26)
‫ ھو اﻟﺣ ﱡد اﻷدﻧﻰ ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﺳﻣﺢ ﻓﯾﮭﺎ ﺑوﺟود‬:(Catchment Area) ‫( ﻧطﺎق اﻟﺗﻐطﯾﺔ‬27)

.‫ﻣﻧﺷﺄة ﻣن ﻧوع ﻣﺎ ﻋن ﻣﻧﺷﺄة ﻣﻣﺎﺛﻠﺔ ﻟﮭﺎ‬
National Venture Capital Association Yearbook. (New York: (28)

.Thomson Reuters, 2013), p. 27
IP= Intellectual Property (29)

McHugh, Molly. "Attack of the startup clones: How copycat (30)
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/clones-how-copycat-companies-are-changing-the-tech-industry
McHugh, Molly. "Attack of the startup clones: How copycat (31)
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14, 2012. http://www.digitaltrends.com/features/attack-of-the-startup-

/clones-how-copycat-companies-are-changing-the-tech-industry
‫( ﻋ ﱠدﻟ ِت اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔُ ﻓﻲ وﻗ ٍت ﻻﺣ ٍﻖ طرﯾﻘﺔَ ﺗﻘدﯾم ط ﱠﻼﺑﮭﺎ ﻟﻌروﺿﮭم ﻟﻠﺗﺄ ﱡﻛد ﻣن أﻧﱠﮭم ﻟن ﯾﺗﺄ ﱠھﻠوا إ ْن‬32)

.‫ﻟم ﯾﺗﱠﺑﻌوا اﻹﺟراءات اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺣﺔ‬
‫( دﯾﺎﺳﭘورا )اﻟﺷﺗﺎت( ﻛﻠﻣﺔٌ ﻣن أﺻ ٍل ﯾوﻧﺎﻧ ّﻲٍ ﺗﻌﻧﻲ ﺷﻌﺑًﺎ ﻣﺷﺗﱠﺗًﺎ ذا أﺻ ٍل ﻣﺷﺗرك ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧطﻘ ٍﺔ‬33)

.‫ﺟﻐراﻓﯾﱠﺔ ﺻﻐﯾرة‬

Isaacson, Walter. Steve Jobs. (New York: Simon & Schuster, (34)
.2011), Chapter 30

Hughes, Mark, “Logos that Became Legends: Icons From the (35)
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Kotler, Philip et al. From Products to Consumers to the Human (36)
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http://www.allworldlive.com/about/overview (37)

http://www.sbin.org.sa/en/default.aspx (38)
.‫م‬2005 ‫ﺳﭘﺗﻣﺑر‬/‫ أﯾﻠول‬27 ،51/‫( ‘‘ﻗﺎﻧون اﻟﻌﻣل اﻟﺳﻌود ّي’’ اﻟﻣرﺳوم اﻟ َﻣﻠَﻛ ﱡﻲ رﻗم م‬39)

. ‫( إﺣدى أﻛﺑر ﺷرﻛﺎت إﻧﺗﺎج اﻷطﻌﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺳﻌودﯾﺔ‬40)
.AFP Arabic, News, November 5, 2013 (41)

http://www.afp.com/ar /node/1148289
Suleiman, Khalid and Wayne Citrin. “An International Visual Language.” Proceedings (42)

of the 1992 IEEE Workshop on Visual Languages, Seattle, WA. IEEE Computer Society
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Yanbu contract: Ministry rejects favoritism claim.” Saudi“ (43)
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‫ وھﻲ ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ ﻣﻧﺗﺷرة ﺑﯾن‬،‫( ﯾﻣﻧﻊ ھذا اﻟﻣﺻ ﱡد اﻟ ِﺟﻣﺎل ﻣن اﻻﺻطدام ﺑﺎﻟﺳﯾﱠﺎرة وﻗﺗل اﻟﺳﺎﺋﻖ‬44)
.‫اﻟﺳﺎﺋﻘﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺻﺣراء اﻟﺳﻌودﯾﱠﺔ‬

.‫م‬2013 ‫ﻣﺎرس‬/‫ آذار‬2 ،‫ ﺻﺣﯾﻔﺔ اﻟﯾوم‬-‫( ﺗﻘرﯾر رﯾﺎض اﻷﻟﻣﻌﻲ‬45)
www.SIMAH.com (46)

‫ ﺑﺳﺑب ﺗﻌﺎرض‬،‫ ﻻ ﺗﺳﺗطﯾﻊ أن ﺗُطﺎﻟب ﺑﺗﻌوﯾض ﻋن اﻟﻔﺎﺋدة ﺑدﻋوى ﻗﺿﺎﺋﯾﱠﺔ‬،‫( ﻓﻲ اﻟﺳﻌودﯾﱠﺔ‬47)
.‫ذﻟك ﻣﻊ اﻟﺷرﯾﻌﺔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯾﱠﺔ‬

Saudi Arabian Information Technology Report Q1, 2010.”“ (48)
.Business Monitor International, January 2010

Campaign urges Saudi chicken boycott over price rises.” BBC“ (49)
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.‫ ھﻲ ﻣﻧ ﱠظﻣﺔ اﻟدول اﻟﻣﺻ ِّدرة ﻟﻠﻧﻔط‬:‫( أوﭘك‬51)

Alshihri, Naif. “Conference Explores Ways to Improve Military (52)
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Armed Forces hospitals complete largest electronic health“ (53)
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AMEinfo.com