(DK Eyewitness) Travel Guide - Tokyo

A CKNOWLEDGMENT S  199


UK 27br; Mitsukini Defying the Skeleton Spectre, Homeikan: Honkan 114bl
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views from ‘36 Views of Mount Fuji’, pub. by Kosheihei, Properties 54cla; Important Cultural Properties /
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P.438-1937 Block Cutting and Printing Surimono, 1825 Japan National Tourism Organization : Japan
(woodblock print and embossing), Hokusai, Convention Services, 174br; Japan Convention
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Paul Thompson 88cl; Werner Forman 18bl, 18br, 19tr; Jonathan Christopher Roberts 11tr
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13bl; Greir11 67br; Idmanjoe 46tl; Sean Pavone 10cla, London. 57cra
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200  PHR ASE BOOK

Phrase Book

The Japanese language is related to Okinawan and is used. There are several romanization systems; the
similar to Altaic languages such as Mongolian and Hepburn system is used in this guide. To simplify
Turkish. Written Japanese uses a combination of three romanization, macrons (long marks over vowels to
scripts – Chinese ideograms, known as kanji, and two indicate longer pronunci ation) have not been used.
syllable-based alphabet sys tems known as hiragana Japanese pronunciation is fairly straightforward, and
and katakana. These two latter are similar, katakana many words are “Japanized” versions of Western words.
functioning as italics are used in English. Traditionally, This Phrase Book gives the English word or phrase, followed
Japanese is written in vertical columns from top right to by the Japanese script, then the romanization, adapted to
bottom left, though the Western system is increasingly aid pronunciation.
In an Emergency
Guidelines for Pronunciation Help! Tas’kete!
Stop!
Tomete!
When reading the romanization, give the same Call a doctor! Isha o yonde
emphasis to all syllables. The practice in English of kudasai!
giving one syllable greater stress may render a Call an Kyukyusha o
Japanese word incomprehensible. ambulance! yonde kudasai!
Call the police! Keisatsu o
Pronounce vowels as in these English words: yonde kudasai!
a as the “a” in “cat ” Fire! Kaji!
Where is the
Byoin wa doko
e as in “red” hospital? ni arimass-ka?
i as in “big” police box koban
o as in “solid”
u as the “oo” in “wood”
Communication Essentials
When two vowels are used together, give each letter Yes/no. Hai/ie.
an individual sound: … not … … nai/
ai as in “pine” chigaimass.
ae as if written “a-eh” I don’t know. Shirimasen.
ei as in “pay” Thank you. Arigato.
Thank you very Arigato
much. gozaimass.
Consonants are mostly pronounced as in English. The Thank you very Domo arigato
letter g is always hard as in “gate,” and j is always soft much indeed. gozaimass.
as in “joke.” R is pronounced something between r Thanks (casual). Domo.
and l. F is sometimes pronounced as h. “Si” always No, thank you. Kekko dess,
becomes “shi,” but some people pronounce “shi” as “hi.” arigato.
V in Western words (e.g., “video”) becomes b. If Please Dozo.
followed by a consonant, n may be pronounced as (offering).
either n or m. Please (asking). Onegai shimass.
… kudasai.
Please (give me
All consonants except n are always followed by a or do for me).
vowel unless they are doubled; however, sometimes I don’t Wakarimasen.
an i or u is barely pronounced. In this Phrase Book, to understand.
aid pronunciation, apostrophes are used where an i Do you speak Eigo o
or u is barely pronounced within a word, and double English? hanasemass-ka?
consonants where this occurs at the end of a word. I can’t speak Nihongo wa
Japanese. hanasemasen.
Dialects Please speak Mo s’koshi
yukkuri
more slowly.
Standard Japanese is used and understood hanash’te
throughout Japan by people of all backgrounds. But kudasai.
on a colloquial level, there are significant differences Sorry/Excuse me! Sumimasen!
in both pronunciation and vocabulary, even between Could you help. Chotto tets’datte
the Tokyo and Osaka-Kyoto areas, and rural accents me please? (not itadakemasen-
are very strong. emergency) ka?
Polite Words and Phrases Useful Phrases
There are several different levels of politeness in the My name is …. Watashi no
Japanese language, according to status, age, and namae wa …
situation. In everyday conversation, polite ness levels dess.
are simply a question of the length of verb endings How do you do, Hajime-mash’te,
(longer is more polite), but in formal conversation pleased to meet dozo
entirely different words (keigo) are used. As a visitor, you. yorosh’ku.
Ogenki dess-ka?
How are you?
you may find that people try to speak to you in Good morning. Ohayo
formal language, but there is no need to use it gozaimass.
yourself; the level given in this Phrase Book is neutral Hello/ Konnichiwa.
yet polite. Good afternoon.
Good evening. Konbanwa.
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PHR ASE BOOK  201

Good night. Oyasumi nasai. Money
Good-bye. Sayonara. Could you Kore o en ni
Take care. Ki o ts’kete. change this into kaete kudasai.
Keep well Ogenki de. yen please.
(casual). I’d like to cash Kono toraberazu
The same to you. Sochira mo. these travelers’ chekku o genkin
What is (this)? (Kore wa) nan checks. ni shitai dess.
dess-ka? Do you take Kurejitto kado/
How do you use Kore o doyatte credit cards/ toraberazu
this? ts’kaimass-ka? travelers’ chekku de
Could I possibly … o itadake- checks? haraemass-ka?
have …? (very mass-ka? bank ginko
polite) cash genkin
Is there … here? Koko ni … ga credit card kurejitto kado
arimass-ka? currency ryogaejo
Where can I … wa doko ni exchange office
get …? arimass-ka? dollars doru
How much is it? Ikura dess-ka? pounds pondo
What time is …? … nan-ji dess-ka? yen en
Cheers! (toast) Kampai!
Where is the Otearai/otoire
restroom/toilet? wa doko Keeping in Touch
dess-ka? Where is a Denwa wa doko
Here’s my Meishi o dozo. telephone? ni arimass-ka?
business card. May I use your Denwa o ts’katte
phone? mo ii dess-ka?
Hello, this is …. Moshi-moshi,
Useful Words …dess.
I Watashi I’d like to make Kokusai denwa,
woman josei an international onegai shimass.
man dansei call.
wife ok’san airmail kokubin
husband shujin e-mail i-meru
daughter musume fax fak’su
son mus’ko postcard hagaki
child kodomo post office yubin-kyoku
children kodomo-tachi stamp kitte
businessman/ bijinessuman/ telephone booth koshu denwa
woman wuman telephone card terefon kado
student gakusei
Mr./Mrs./Ms. … …-san
big/small okii/chiisai Shopping
hot/cold atsui/samui Where can I … wa doko de
cold (to touch) tsumetai buy …? kaemass-ka?
warm atatakai How much does Ikura dess-ka?
good/ ii/yokunai/warui this cost?
not good/bad I’m just looking. Mite iru dake
enough jubun/kekko dess.
free (no charge) tada/muryo Do you have …? … arimass-ka?
here koko May I try this Kite mite mo ii
there asoko on? dess-ka?
this kore Please show me Sore o misete
that (nearby) sore that. kudasai.
that (far away) are Does it come in Hoka no iro mo
what? nani? other colors? arimass-ka?
when? itsu? black kuro
why? naze?/dosh’te? blue ao
where? doko? green midori
who? dare? red aka
which way? dochira? white shiro
yellow kiiro
cheap/expensive yasui/takai
Signs audio equipment odio seihin
Open eigyo-chu bookstore hon-ya
closed kyujitsu boutique butik
entrance iriguchi clothes yofuku
exit deguchi department store depato
danger kiken electrical store denki-ya
emergency exit hijo-guchi fish market sakana-ya
information annai folk crafts mingei-hin
restroom, toilet otearai/tearai/ ladies’ wear fujin fuku
otoire/toire local specialty meibutsu
free (vacant) aki market ichiba
men otoko menswear shinshi fuku
women onna newsstand shimbun-ya
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202  PHR ASE BOOK

pharmacist kusuri-ya Trains
picture postcard e-hagaki What is the fare … made ikura
sale seru to …? dess-ka?
souvenir shop omiyage-ya When does the … iki no densha
supermarket supa train for… leave? wa nan-ji ni
travel agent ryoko-gaisha demass-ka?
How long does it … made jikan wa
take to get to …? dono gurai
Sightseeing kakarimass-ka?
Where is …? … wa doko A ticket to …, … yuki no kippu
dess-ka? please. o kudasai.
How do I get … e wa doyatte Do I have to Norikae ga
to …? ittara ii dess-ka? change? hitsuyo dess-ka?
Is it far? Toi dess-ka? I’d like to reserve Seki o yoyaku
art gallery bijutsukan a seat, please. shitai dess.
reservations desk yoyaku Which platform … yuki no
madoguchi for the train densha wa
bridge hashi/bashi to …? nanban homu
castle shiro/jo kara demass-ka?
city shi Which station is Kono eki wa
city center machi no this? doko dess-ka?
chushin Is this the right … e wa kono
gardens tei-en/niwa train for …? densha de ii
hot spring onsen dess-ka?
information annaijo bullet train shinkansen
office express trains:
island shima/jima “limited tokkyu
monastery shudo-in express”
mountain yama/san (fastest)
museum hakubutsukan “express” kyuko
palace kyuden (second)
park koen “rapid” (third) kaisoku
port minato/ko first-class itto
prefecture ken line sen
river kawa/gawa local train futsu/kaku-eki-
ruins iseki densha
shopping area shoppingu gai platform homu
shrine jinja/jingu/gu train station eki
street tori/dori reserved seat shitei-seki
temple otera/tera/dera/ji second-class nito
tour, travel ryoko subway chikatetsu
town machi/cho train densha
village mura unreserved seat jiyu-seki
ward ku
zoo dobutsu-en
north kita/hoku Accommodations
south minami/nan Do you have any Heya ga arimass-
east higashi/to vacancies? ka?
west nishi/sei I have a Yoyaku o sh’te
left/right hidari/migi reservation. arimass.
straight ahead mass-sugu I’d like a room Ofuro-ts’ki no
between aida ni with a heya, onegai
near/far chikai/toi bathroom. shimass.
up/down ue/sh’ta What is the Ippaku ikura
new atarashii/shin charge per dess-ka?
old/former furui/moto night?
upper/lower kami/shimo Is tax included Zeikomi dess-
middle/inner naka in the price? ka?
in ni/naka ni Can I leave my Nimotsu o
in front of mae luggage here for chotto koko ni
a little while? azukete mo ii
dess-ka?
Getting Around air-conditioning reibo/eakon
bicycle jitensha bath ofuro
bus basu check-out chekku-auto
car kuruma hair drier doraiya
ferry feri hot (boiled) oyu
baggage room tenimotsu ichiji water
azukarijo Japanese-style ryokan
motorcycle otobai inn
one-way ticket katamichi kippu Japanese-style wa-shitsu
return ticket ofuku kippu room
taxi takushi key kagi
ticket kippu front desk furonto
ticket office kippu uriba single/twin room shinguru/tsuin
200-204_EW_Tokyo.indd 202 12/09/16 11:29 am

PHR ASE BOOK  203

shower shyawa Foods (see also Reading the Menu pp120–21)
Western-style hoteru apple ringo
hotel bamboo shoots takenoko
Western-style yo-shitsu beancurd tofu
room bean sprouts moyashi
beans mame
beef bifu/gyuniku
Eating Out beefburger hanbagu
A table for Hitori/futari/ blowfish fugu
one/two/three, sannin, onegai skipjack tuna/tuna katsuo/tsuna
please. shimass. bread pan
May I see the Menyu, onegai butter bata
menu. shimass. cake keki
Is there a set Teishoku ga chicken tori/toriniku
menu? arimass-ka? confectionery okashi
I’d like …. Watashi wa … crab kani
ga ii dess. duck ahiru
May I have one Sore o hitotsu, eel unagi
of those? onegai shimass? egg tamago
I am a Watashi wa eggplant/ nasu
vegetarian. bejitarian dess. aubergine
Waiter/waitress! Chotto fermented miso
sumimasen! soybean paste
What would you Osusume wa fermented natto
recommend? nan dess-ka? soybeans
How do you eat Kore wa doyatte fish (raw) sashimi
this? tabemass-ka? fried tofu abura-age
May we have the Okanjo, onegai fruit kudamono
check please. shimass. ginger shoga
May we have Motto …, onegai hamburger hanbaga
some more … shimass. haute cuisine kaiseki
The meal was Gochiso-sama herring nishin
very good, desh’ta, hors d’oeuvres odoburu
thank you. oishikatta dess. ice cream aisu-kurimu
assortment moriawase jam jamu
boxed meal bento Japanese mats’take/
breakfast cho-shoku mushrooms shiitake/shimeji
buffet baikingu Japanese pear nashi
delicious oishii loach dojo
dinner yu-shoku lobster ise-ebi
to drink nomu mackerel saba
a drink nomimono mackerel pike sanma
to eat taberu mandarin orange mikan
food tabemono/ meat niku
gohan melon meron
full (stomach) onaka ga mountain sansai
ippai vegetables
hot/cold atsui/tsumetai noodles:
hungry onaka ga buckwheat soba
suita Chinese ramen
Japanese food wa-shoku wheatflour udon (fat)/
lunch chu-shoku somen (thin)
set menu setto (snack)/ octopus tako
teishoku (meal) omelet omuretsu
spicy karai oyster kaki
sweet, mild amai peach momo
Western food yo-shoku pepper kosho
persimmon kaki
pickles ts’kemono
Places to Eat pork butaniku
Cafeteria/canteen shokudo potato imo
Chinese chuka-ryori-ya rice:
restaurant cooked gohan
coffee shop kissaten uncooked kome
local bar nomiya/izakaya rice crackers osenbei
noodle stall ramen-ya roast beef rosutobifu
restaurant resutoran/ salad sarada
ryori-ya salmon sake
sushi on a kaiten-zushi salt shio
conveyor belt sandwich sandoichi
upscale ryotei sausage soseji
restaurant savory nibbles otsumami
upscale shojin-ryori-ya seaweed:
vegetarian laver nori
restaurant kelp konbu
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204  PHR ASE BOOK

shrimp ebi 10 ju
soup shiru/supu 11 ju-ichi
soy sauce shoyu 12 ju-ni
spaghetti supageti 20 ni-ju
spinach horenso 21 ni-ju-ichi
squid ika 22 ni-ju-ni
steak suteki 30 san-ju
sugar sato 40 yon-ju
sushi (mixed) gomoku-zushi 100 hyaku
sweetfish/smelt ayu 101 hyaku-ichi
taro (potato) sato imo 200 ni-hyaku
toast tosuto 300 san-byaku
trout masu 400 yon-hyaku
sea urchin uni 500 go-hyaku
vegetables yasai 600 ro-ppyaku
watermelon suika 700 nana-hyaku
wild boar botan/inoshishi 800 ha-ppyaku
900 kyu-hyaku
1,000 sen
Drinks 1,001 sen-ichi
beer biru 2,000 ni-sen
coffee (hot) hotto-kohi 10,000 ichi-man
cola kora 20,000 ni-man
green tea ocha 100,000 ju-man
iced coffee: 1,000,000 hyaku-man
black aisu-kohi 123,456 ju-ni-man-san-
with milk kafe-o-re zen-yon-hyaku-
lemon tea remon ti go-ju-roku
milk miruku/gyunyu
mineral water mineraru uota
orange juice orenji jusu Time
rice liquor sake Monday getsu-yobi
(non-alcoholic) (ama-zake) Tuesday ka-yobi
tea (Western- kocha Wednesday sui-yobi
style) Thursday moku-yobi
tea with milk miruku ti Friday kin-yobi
water mizu Saturday do-yobi
whiskey uis’ki Sunday nichi-yobi
wine wain/budoshu January ichi-gatsu
February ni-gatsu
March san-gatsu
Health April shi-gatsu
I don’t feel well. Kibun ga May go-gatsu
yokunai dess. June roku-gatsu
I have a pain in … … ga itai dess. July shichi-gatsu
I’m allergic to … … arerugi dess. August hachi-gatsu
asthma zensoku September ku-gatsu
cough seki October ju-gatsu
dentist haisha November ju-ichi-gatsu
diabetes tonyo-byo December ju-ni-gatsu
diarrhea geri spring haru
doctor isha summer natsu
fever netsu fall/autumn aki
headache zutsuu winter fuyu
hospital byoin noon shogo
medicine kusuri midnight mayonaka
Oriental kampo yaku today kyo
medicine yesterday kino
pharmacy yakkyoku tomorrow ash’ta
prescription shohosen this morning kesa
stomachache fukutsu this afternoon kyo no gogo
toothache ha ga itai this evening konban
every day mainichi
month getsu/ts’ki
Numbers hour ji
0 zero time/hour jikan
1 ichi (duration)
2 ni minute pun/fun
3 san this year kotoshi
4 yon/shi last year kyonen
5 go next year rainen
6 roku one year ichi-nen
7 nana/shichi late osoi
8 hachi early hayai
9 kyu soon sugu
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