`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
`mjb- n¬ Xs∂ Izp¿B- ≥ ]et- ∏mgpw Bh¿Øn®- p]- d- ™- n´- p≈- X- mW- .v
At∏mƒ, A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw dkq-en-s‚-bpw˛ AYhm Izp¿-B-s‚bpw kp∂-Øn-
s‚b- pw˛ \nba- ß- ƒs°X- nc- mbn GsX¶- nepw ]WvUnX- ≥amc- ps- St- bm, hn[nI- ¿Øm°- -
fps- Stbm A`n{- ]mb- ß- sf kzoIc- n®- ph- c- p∂- h- c- pw, kapZ- mb ]cnj- vI¿Øm°- s- ft- ∂m,
Ckvemans‚ KpW-Imw-£n-I-sft∂m kzbw A`n-am-\n-®p-sIm≠v km£m¬
CkvemanI \nba- ß- f- n¬ am‰Ø- nc- pØ- pI- ƒ AhX- c- n∏- n°- p∂- h- cpw hy‡a- mb hgn]- n-
gh- n¬s]´- h- c- ms- W∂v hy‡a- mW- v. A√ml- ph- ns- ‚bpw dkqe- ns- ‚bpw hn[nh- ne- °- pI- -
fn¬ H∂tv ]mepw bp‡nt- °m, \ymb- Ø- nt\m FXnc- mb- nc- n°- pI- b- ns- √∂v ]dt- b≠- X- n√- .
]t£, Ahb- n¬ NneX- ns‚ bp‡nc- l- kyw \ap°v kq£av a- mbn a\ - ne- m°- ph- m≥ Ign-
bmsX ht∂°- pw. F∂nc- ns°, Hcp apkev nans\ kw_‘- n®- nS- t- Ømfw GsX¶- nepw
Hcp hnjb- Ø- ne- p≈ aXh- n[n C∂X- ms- W∂v ˛AwK- oI- rX- a- mb am¿Kß- f- n¬IqSn Adn-
™pI- g- n™- m¬, AXv bp‡nt°m \ymbØ- nt\m tbmPn°- pt- am, Ct√ Fs∂m∂pw ]cnt- im-
[nt- °≠- X- n√; AXn¬ P\l- nXw Bcmt- b≠- X- pa- n√- . AX∏- Sn kzoIc- n°- ph- m≥ Ah≥
XnI®pw _m[yÿ- \- mW- .v ]t£, Hmtcm \nba- Ø- nepw ASß- nb- n´- p≈ bp‡nX- X- zß- ƒ
Ignh- Xpw Bcm™- d- nb- ph- m≥ Ah≥ ]cn{- ia- nt- °≠- X- p≠- .v Ckev ma- ns‚ auenI{][m-
\-amb Hcp kn≤m-¥-am-Wn-Xv. Cu ASnÿ- m\- Ø- n¬ hneb- nc- pt- Ø≠- Xpw Ckev mans‚
i{Xp°- ƒ, Ckev mans- ‚bpw \_n bps- Sbpw t]cn¬ If¶w Nm¿Øph- m≥ Bbp[- -
am°- nb- X- pa- mb Hcp kw`h- s- Ø°- pd- n®- mWv ASpØ hN\- ß- f- n¬ A√mlp {]Xn]- mZ- n-
°p∂- X- .v
\_n -bpsS t]m‰p-]p-{X-\pw, Ahn-SpsØ auem (*)bp-amb sskZp_v\p
lmcnYx (d) Izpssdio tKm{XØ- n¬ AkZv IpSpw_- Ø- n¬ s]´ Plvins‚ aIf- pw,
\_n -bpsS AΩm-bn-bpsS aIfpw IqSnbmb ssk\_v (d)sb hnhmlw sNbvXn-
cp-∂p. CXv lnPvdx°v apºmW- .v Xm≥ Ipeo\- I- pS- pw_- Ø- n¬ P\n®- h- f- ms- W∂ \ne°v
BZyw Cu hnhml- Ø- n¬ ssk\_v (d) A- ¬]w A\njSv w {]IS- n∏- n°- pI- b- p≠- mb- n.
F¶nepw \_n bpsS CjSv h- pw, hwi]- c- a- mb D®\- oN- X- zØ- n\v Ckev man¬ ÿm\-
ans- √∂ hkXv pXbpw ap≥\nd- pØ- ns- °m≠v Ah¿ AXn\v A\ph- Z- n°- pI- b- mW- p≠- mb- -
X.v {ItaW Ah¿ XΩn¬ kzct- ®¿® C√mX- mb- n. C°mc- W- Ø- m¬ sskZv (d) Ah¿°v
hnhm- lt- amN- \w \¬Iph- m≥ Xocpa- m\- n®- p. Cu hnhml- t- amN- \w \S°- ph- m≥ t]mIp-
∂p-sh-∂pw, C±x (**) Imew Ign™- t- ijw ssk\_v (d) \_n bpsS `mcybmIm≥
t]mIp∂- ps- h∂pw Xncpt- a\- n°v hlbv v e`n®- nc- p∂- p. t]m‰pa- °- sf bYm¿∞ a°f- mbn
KWn-®n-cp∂ A∂sØ Np‰p-]m-Sn¬, apl-ΩZv kz¥w aIs‚ `mcysb hnhmlw Ign-
®ps- h∂- p≈ P\k- wk- mc- Ø- n\pw, Ckev mans- \X- nc- mb Ip{]N- mc- W- ß- ƒ°pw CXv Imc-
Wa- mt- b°- ps- a∂v \_n °v tXm∂n. Aßs- \, sskZv(d)Xs‚ Xocpa- m\w \_n
sb Adnb- n®- t- ∏mƒ AhnS- p∂v AXns\ \ncp’- ml- s- ∏S- pØ- pI- b- p≠- mb- n. Cu kw`-
hs- Ø°- pd- n®- mWv ASpØ hN\- w.
(*) "auem" () F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞hnhc- W- w 5˛mw hN\- Ø- ns‚ hymJym-
\Ø- n¬ \mw hmbn®- pI- g- n™- ph- t- √m.
(**) C±xsb ]‰n Xmsg {]kXv mh- n°p∂p≠v
`mKw 22 3818381838183
A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
37 (\_- nt- b) A√mlp A\p-
{Klw sNbvXpsImSpØn-´p≈
˛\obpw A\p-{Klw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-
Øn´- p≈- ˛ ht\mSv \o ]d™- nc- p∂
kµ¿`w (Hm¿°pI- ): "\ns‚ `mcysb
(hnh- ml- t- amN- \w sNøms- X) \n\°- -v
th≠n \o sh®p sIm≠nc- n°- pI;
A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpI' F∂.v A√mlp shfnh- m°- p-
hm≥ t]mIp ∂ ImcysØ \o
\ns‚ a\- n¬ ad-®p-sh-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-∂p. A√m-lp-hmWv \o
t]Sn°- ph- m≥ G‰hpw AhI- mi- s- ∏-
´h- ≥ F∂nc- ns- °, \o P\ß- sf t]Sn-
°pI- bpw sNbXv nc- p∂- p.
Aßs\, sskZv Ahf- n¬\n∂pw
Bhiyw \n¿∆l- n®p [hnhm-l-tam-
N\w \SØn] Ign™- t- ∏mƒ Ahsf
\n\°v \mw `mcyb- m°- nØ- ∂- p. kXy-
hn-izm-kn-IfpsSta¬, Xß-fpsS
ZØp-]p-{X≥am-cpsS `mcy-am-cpsS
ImcyØ- n¬˛ Ah¿ Ahc- n¬\n∂pw
Bhiyw \n¿∆-ln-®p-I-gn-™m¬˛
bmsXmcp hnj-ahpw D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-
°ph- m≥ th≠nb- s{X (AX- )v . A√m-
lph- ns‚ I¬]\ {]mh¿ØnI- a- m°- -
s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
37 \o ]d™- nc- p∂ kµ¿`w bmsXm-cp-h-t\mSv A√mlp
A\p-{Klw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p Ahs‚ ta¬ Ah\v \obpw
A\p{- Klw sNbXv nc- n°- p∂p \o sh®ps- Im≠- nc- n°- pI \n\°v \ns‚
`mcysb \o A√ml- ph- ns\ kq£n°- pI- bpw sNøpI \o ad®- ps- h°- p-
Ibpw sNøp∂p \ns‚ a\ - n¬ bmsXmcp Imcyw A√mlp AXns\
shfnh- m°- p∂- h- \- mWv \o t]Sn°- bpw sNøp∂p a\p-jysc A√m-
lp-hs{X G‰hpw A¿l≥, Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-h≥ \o Ahs\ t]Sn°- ph- m≥
Aßs\ \n¿∆l- n®- t- ∏mƒ, Xo¿Øt- ∏mƒ sskZv Ahf- n¬ \n∂v
Bhiyw Ahsf \n\°v \mw `mcy-bm°n (hnh- mlw sNbXv p) X∂p
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
D≠mI- mX- nc- n°- ph- m≥ th≠n kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- f- psS ta¬
Hcp hnjaw (sRc- p°- w) `mcya- mc- psS ImcyØ- n¬ . Xß-fpsS
ZØp-]p-{X≥am-cpsS Ah¿ \n¿∆l- n®- m¬ Ahc- n¬\n∂v Bhiyw
BIp∂- p, Bbnc- n°- p∂p A√ml- ph- ns‚ I¬]\- , Imcyw {]mh¿Øn-
Ia- m°- s- ∏´- Xv (\S- ∏- m°- s- ∏´- X- )v
"A√ml- phpw \obpw A\p{- Klw sNbXv psImSpØh- ≥' F∂v ]d™- Xv sskZp_\v p
lmcnYx (d)sb°pdn®- mI- p∂- p. Ckev mant- e°v am¿KZ- ¿i\w \¬IpI- t- ]ms- eb- p≈ IW-
°‰ A\p{- Kl- ß- ƒ A√mlp At±l- Ø- n\v sNbXv ps- ImS- pØ- n´- p≠- t- √m. \_n bm-
sW¶- n¬, At±l- sØ hm¬ke- y]- q¿∆w hf¿ØpI- b- pw, ASnaØ- Ø- n¬ \n∂v tamNn-
∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At±-l-Øns‚ ]p{X-\mb Dkmax (d)-sbbpw Xncp-ta\n hf-sc-
b[- nIw kvt\ln®- nc- p∂- p. "dkqe- ns‚ {]nb¶- c- ≥' F∂ A¿∞Ø- n¬ c≠pt- ]s- c°- p-
dn®v "ln∫v dkqe- n√- mln' ( ) F∂p-t]mepw ]d-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂p.
sskZv (d) Xs‚ `mcy-bp-ambn tbmPn®p t]mIpI-bn-s√∂v I≠t∏mƒ Ahsc
hnhml-tam-N\w () \S-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv Btem-Nn-®p. Ccp-`m-K-
sØbpw KpW-Imw-£n-bm-Wt√m \_n . At∏m-gm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-tØmSv \_n
`mcysb sh®ps- Im≈- ph- m\- pw, A√ml- ph- ns\ kq£n°- ph- m\pw ]d™- X- .v Cu hnhmlw
A[nIw \o≠pt]mI- pI- b- ns- √∂- pw, sskZv (d) `mcysb th¿s∏S- pØ- pI Xs∂ sNøp-
sa∂- pw, ssk\- _v (d) sb Xncpt- a\n hnhmlw sNøm\ncn°- p∂- ps- h∂pw Xncpt- a\n°v
Adnhv e`n®- n´- p≠mbnc- p∂- p. ]t£, \S°- ph- m\- nc- n°- p∂ B hnjb- s- Ø°- pd- n®v sskZv
(d)t- \mSv Xncpt- a\n H∂pw {]kvXmh- n®- n√- . `mcysb hnhml- t- amN- \w \SØ- mX- nc- n°- p-
hm≥ km[mc- W- a- ´- n¬ D]t- Zi- n°- pI- b- mWv sNbvXX- v. P\k- wk- mc- Ø- n\v CSb- mI- c- p-
sX∂- pw, A√mlp Dt±i- n® Imcyw Ah≥ Dt±i- n°- pt- ºmƒ Ah≥ \S∏- ne- m°- ns- °m≈- p-
sa∂pw Xncp-ta\n Icp-Xn. CXns\ kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠mWv "A√mlp shfn-hm-°p-
hm≥t]mI- p∂ Imcyw \o \ns‚ a\ - n¬ ad®- ps- h°- pI- bpw sNbXv nc- p∂- p.' (
) F∂v ]d™- X- .v bYm¿∞hpw kXyhpw Xpd∂p ]db- p∂- X- n¬ Bscbpw
i¶nt- °≠- X- n√- . AXn¬ P\k- wk- mcw `bs- ∏t- S≠- X- n√- . AXv Xpd∂p ]db- mX- nc- n°- p∂- -
Xn¬ A√ml- ph- ns\ `bs- ∏S- pI- b- mWv th≠Xv F∂v \_n sb Hm¿an∏- n°- pI- bpw
sNøp∂- p.
"sskZv Ahf- n¬\n∂pw Bhiyw \n¿∆l- n®- pI- g- n™p' () F∂v ]d™- -
Xns‚ hnh£ `mcy-bp-ambn tbmPn-®p-t]m-Ip-I-bn-s√∂v I≠p Ahsc hnhm-l-tam-
N\w sNbvXp F∂-s{X. CXv Ad-_n-`m-j-bnse Hcp {]tXyI {]tbm-K-am-Wv.
ssk\_v (d)sb hnhm-l-tam-N\w \S-Øp-I-b-√msX \nhr-Øn-bn-s√∂v sskZv (d)\v
t_m[yw hcp-I-bpw, At±lw hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A\-¥cw C±-
Imew Ign™- t- ∏mƒ A√ml- ph- ns‚ \n¿t±i- a- \- pk- c- n®v \_n Ahsc hnhmlw
Ign°- bpw D≠mb- n. Cu hnhmlw \_n bpsS B{K-ltam Bh-iytam A\p-k-
cn®v D¤ h- n®- X- mb- nc- p∂- n√- . t]m‰pa- °- ƒ°v bYm¿∞ a°f- psS ÿm\w I¬∏n°- p∂- X- n\- m¬
Ahc- psS `mcya- mc- mI- p∂ k{v XoIsf Hcn°- epw t]m‰p]- nX- m°- ƒ°v hnhmlw sNøm≥
]mSns- √∂- mWv Pmlne- nøm \nba- w. Cu k{ºZ- mbw XpS®- p\- o°n X¬ÿm\- Øv Ckev manI
\nbaw {]mh¿ØnI- a- m°- n°- mW- n°- ph- m≥ th≠n A√ml- ph- ns‚ I¬]\ {]Imcw \_n
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
sNbvXX- mb- nc- p∂p B hnhml- w. AXps- Im≠- mWv sskZv Ahf- n¬\n∂v Bhiyw
\ndt- h‰- n°- g- n™- t- ∏mƒ Ahsf \mw \n\°v `mcyb- m°nØ- ∂p ()
F∂v A√mlp ]d™- X- .v Cu ]ca- m¿∞w XpS¿∂p≈ BbØ- pI- f- n¬\n∂v IqSpX- ¬
kv]jvSa- mbn a\ - ne- m°- mw. BCim (d) {]kvXmh- n®- X- mbn Camw apkvenw, Xn¿aZo
(d) apXe- mb- h- ¿ \nthZ- \w sNøp∂p: "aplΩ- Zv \_n A√ml- ph- ns‚ InXm_- n¬\n∂v
h√Xpw ˛P\ß- sf Adnb- n°- ms- X˛ ad®- ps- h°- pa- mb- nc- p∂- ps- h¶- n¬ Cu (37-˛mw) BbØv
ad®- ps- ht- °≠- X- mb- nc- p∂- p.' (*) 53- ˛mw hN-\-Øn¬ hcp-∂-Xp-t]mse, Imcyw Xpd-∂p-
]d- b- m≥ A√mlp \mWn°- pI- b- n√- t- √m.
sskZv (d)s‚ t]¿ Izp¿B- \- n¬ FSpØ- p]- d- ™- X- pw, A√ml- phpw dkqepw A\p-
{Klw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Ø-h≥ F∂v At±-lsØ hnti-jn-∏n-®Xpw, Izp¿-B≥ \ne-
\n¬°p∂ Imes- Ø√mw At±l- Ø- ns‚ Io¿Øn ]cØ- p∂ Hcp alm`- mK- ya- s- {X.
ssk\_v (d)-bm-I-s´, Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hnhm-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS
amXm°- f- n¬ Hcmf- mb- nØ- oc- pI- bpw sNbXv p. Ah¿ A`na- m\- ]- q¿∆w \_n -bpsS
`mcya- mt- cmSv Cßs\ ]d™- nc- p∂- X- mbn lZoY- n¬ h∂n´- p≠:v "\nßsf \nßf- psS ho´p-
Im¿ hnhmlw sNøn®v sImSpØ- X- mW.v Fs∂ Ggv BImi- ß- ƒ°v a- osX \n∂v
A√mlp hnhmlw sNøn®p sImSpØ- X- mW- v.' (_pJ- mc- n.)
"\ns‚ `mcysb sh®ps- Im≠- nc- n°- pI- , A√ml- ph- ns\ kq£n°- pI- bpw sNøpI' F∂o
hmIyß- ƒ ( ) \_n sskZv (d)t- \mSv ]d™- X- mW- .v XpS¿∂p≈
c≠v hmIyß- ƒ˛ "A√mlp shfnhm°- m≥t]mI- p∂ Imcyw \o a\ - n¬ ad®- ps- h°- p∂p'
F∂pw, "t]Sn°- ph- m≥ IqSpX- ¬ AhI- mi- s- ∏´- h- ≥ A√ml- ph- ms- W∂- nc- ns° \o P\-
ßsf t]Sn°- p∂p' F∂pw A√mlp \_n t- bmSv ]d™- X- pa- mI- p∂- p. "shfnh- m°- p-
hm≥ t]mIp∂ Imcyw' F∂v ]d™- X- ps- Im≠- pt- ±iyw, ssk\_v (d)sb sskZv (d)
hnhml- t- amN- \w sNøm≥ t]mIp∂- X- pw, ]n∂oSv \_n ssk\_v (d)sb hnhmlw
sNøps- a∂- pa- p≈- X- mW- .v
thsd H∂pc- ≠v A`n{- ]mb- ß- fpw ChnsS ÿew ]nSn®- pI- mW- mw. \_n Hc°n- ¬
ssk\_v(d)sb I≠p-sh-∂pw, Ah-cpsS kuµ-cy-Øn¬ Xncp-ta\n BIr-jvS-\m-sb-
∂pw, Aßs\ Ahsc hnhmlw sNbvXpI- n-´p-hm≥ Xncpt- a\- n°v B{Klw tXm∂n-
sb∂- pw, CXns\ Dt±i- n®- mWv "A√mlp shfnh- m°- m≥t]mI- p∂ Imcyw ad®- ps- h-
°p∂p'sh∂v ]d™- s- X∂pw Nne hymJymX- m°- ƒ {]kXv mh- n®- n´- p≠- .v \_n Xncpt- a\n
b- psS D¬IrjSv ]Zh- n°pw kz`mh- Ø- n\pw H´pw \nc°- mØ- X- pw, Ckev mans‚ sshcn-
If- n¬\n∂v cq]w ]q≠-Xp-amb Cu {]kvXm-h-\sb alm≥am-cmb ]e ]WvUn-
X≥amcpw X° sXfnh- pI- ƒ klnXw i‡nbp‡w JWUv n®- pI- g- n™- X- mW- .v Cu ]g-
©≥ {]kXv mh- \- sb hna¿in°- m≥ apXn¿∂ Nne¿, AXns- \°- mƒ hºn® A_≤- -
Øn¬ ]Xn°- pI- bpw sNbvXnc- n°- p∂- p. hna¿i\- Ø- n\v Ch¿ I≠p-]n-Sn® ]pXnb
kq{XamWX- n\v ImcW- w. "\o \ns‚ `mcysb sh®ps- Im≠- nc- n°- pI'. ( )
F∂v X- pS- ßn "t]Sn°- ph- m≥ G‰hpw AhI- mi- s- ∏´- h- ≥ A√ml- ph- mWv' (
) F∂Xh-v s- cb- p≈ F√m hmIyß- fpw \_n sskZv (d)t- \mSv ]d™- X- mb- n´- mWv
Ch¿ A`n{- ]mb- s- ∏S- p∂- X- v. "A√mlp shfnh- m°- m≥ t]mIp∂ Imcys- a∂pw, "\o a\-
n¬ ad®- ps- h°- p∂p'sh∂pw ]d™- X- n\v Ch¿ \¬Ip∂ hymJym\w CXmI- p∂p:
"ssk\_v (d)b- pa- mbn tbmPn®- pt- ]mI- b- ns- √∂v sskZv (d)\- v t_m[ys- ∏´- n´- p≠- v; \_n
(*)
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
bpsS \n¿t±i- {- ]I- mcw \SØ- s- ∏´- n´- p≈ B hnhmlw Ahk- m\- n∏- n°- p∂- Xv \_n
°v at\mt- hZ- \- b- p≠- m°pw; Fßs- \s- b¶- nepw `mcysb {]oXns- ∏S- pØ- ph- m≥ {ian-
°p∂- ]- £w ]mhØ- ns- \mcp Ipeo\- sb In´nb- t- ∏mt- g°v Ahsf ]qPn°- pI- b- ms- W∂pw
a‰pw P\ß- ƒ Ifnb- m°- pI- bpw sNøpw; F∂nß- s- \b- p≈ [¿ak- ¶- S- Ø- ne- mWv sskZv
(d)'.
tIƒ°pt- ºmƒ Xs∂ _meni- s- a∂v tXm∂Ø- ° Cu A`n-{]mbw, tIhew A_-
≤a- s- {X. 1˛ma- X- mbn imk\- mc- q]- Ø- ne- p≈ {InbI- fpw, hm¿Ømc- q]- Ø- ne- p≈ {InbI- fpw
XΩn¬ Iq´nt- ®¿Øp (s- Nb- vXv) ]db- ph- m≥ ]mSns- √∂- p≈- Xv Ad_- nk- ml- nX- yi- m-
kv{XØn ()se Hcp AwKo-IrX XXz-am-Ip∂p. At∏mƒ, (\o sh®p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I) F∂ {Inb-tbmSv Iq´n-t®¿Øp-sIm≠v
(\o kq£- n°- pI- bpw sNøpI- ) F∂v ]d™- X- pt- ]mse (\o ad®- ps- h°- pI- bpw sNøp-
∂p) F∂pw, (\o t]Sn°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- p) F∂pa- p≈ {InbI- ƒ AXnt- \mS- p- Iq-
Sn-t®¿∂-Xm-sW-∂v sh-°p-hm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-√. 2˛maXmbn: Cu
hmZw lZo-Yp-Iƒ°pw hncp-≤-am-Ip-∂p. Camw _pJmcn (d) "InXm-_p-
Øu-lo-Zn'¬ D≤-cn® c≠v cnhm-b-Øp-I-fn¬ H∂ns‚ hmNIw t\m°pI:
(ssk-Zp_v\p lmcnYx
k¶-S-s∏-´p-sIm≠v \_n b- psS ASp°- ¬ h∂p. At∏mƒ Xncpt- a\n ]db- pI- b- mbn:
"\o A√ml- ph- ns\ kq£n°- pI; \ns‚ `mcysb sh®ps- Im≠ncn°- pI- bpw sNøpI')
\_n bpsS hmNI- Ø- n¬ thsd hm°pI- s- fm∂pw Cu cnhmb- Ø- n¬ C√mØ ÿnXn°v
BbØ- nse XpS¿∂p≈- hmIyß- ƒ \_n sskZv (d)t\mSv ]d™- X- s- √∂v a\ - ne- m-
°mw. c≠m-asØ cnhm-b-Ønse hmNIw CXmWv:
("A√mlp shfnh- m°- p-
hm≥ t]mIp∂- I- mcyw \o \ns‚ a\ - n¬ Hfn®- ps- h°- pI- b- pw, \o P\ß- sf t]Sn°- p-
Ibpw sNøp∂p'sh∂p≈Xv ssk\_- b- ps- Sb- pw, sskZp_- v\pl- mc- nY- xb- ps- Sbpw hnj-
bØ- n¬ AhX- c- n®- X- mW- v) Cu c≠v hmIy-ßfpw \_n ]d™- X- s- √∂- pw, \_n
tbmSv A√mlp ]d™- X- ms- W∂- pa- mWv Cu c≠v cnhmb- Øpw a\ - ne- m°- nØ- c- p∂- X- .v
F\n, IqSpX- ¬ sXfnh- pI- ƒ ]cnt- im[- nt- °≠- X- n√- t- √m.
Cu kqdØ- nse hymJym\- Ø- n¬ F∂ Hcp
io¿jIw Xs∂ _pJm-cn-bn-ep-≠v. \mw c≠m-a-Xmbn D≤-cn® AtX cnhm-bØv
Xs∂ Chns- Sbpw At±lw D≤c- n®- nc- n°- p∂- p. Cu io¿j-I-Øns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-th-
fb- n¬, \mw ta¬ {]kXv mh- n® hkXv pX- I- ƒ°v \nZm\- a- mb ]e cnhmb- Ø- pI- fpw D≤c- n-
®-tijw Camw AkvIz-em\o (d)-Xs‚ "^Øvlp¬_mcn'bn¬ ]d-bp-I-bmWv:
"thsdbpw ]eXpw Cu hnjb- Ø- n¬ h∂n´- p≠- v; ]e ap^ - nd- pI- fpw Ahsb D≤c- n-
®n´- pa- p≠- v. AXn¬ kabw Nne hgn°- p∂- Xv icnb- √- . Rm≥ D≤c- n®- X- mWv kzoImc- y-
tbm-Ky-am-b-Xv. AXns‚ BsIkmcw CXm-Ip∂p: ssk\_v ]n∂oSv Xs‚ `mcy-bm-
Iph- m≥ t]mIp∂- ps- ≠∂v A√mlp \_n °v Adnb- n®- ps- ImS- pØ- nc- p∂- X- ns- \b- mWv
Ahn-Sp∂v ad-®p-sh-®n-cp-∂Xv (*). CXv ad®- ps- h°- ph- m≥ ImcW- w, aIs‚ `mcysb
hnhmlwIgn®- ps- h∂- p≈ P\k- wk- mc- sØ `b∂- X- mb- nc- p∂- p. A√ml- ph- mI- s- ´, "Pmln-
enø- Øn's‚ ZØp]- p{- X\- nb- a- ß- sf XoscFSpØ- pI- f- b- ph- m≥ Dt±i- n°- bpw sNbvXp.
(*) adn®v Nne¿ {]kXv mh- n°- p∂- Xtv ]mse, Ahsc hnhmlw Ign®- m¬ sIm≈m-
sa∂ B{Kl- a- √ F∂v Xm¬]c- yw.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
apkvenwIf- n¬ AXv IqSpX- ¬ kzoImc- ya- mb- nØ- oc- ph- m≥th≠n, Ahc- psS t\Xmh- pa- p-
Jm-¥cw Xs∂ AXv kw`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'
() t]m‰p ]p{X≥am¿ Xß-fpsS `mcy-amsc hnhm-l-tam-N\w
sNbXv m¬ ]n∂oSv B k{v XoIsf hnhmlw sNøp∂Xn\v Ckev man¬ bmsXmcp hntcm-
[h- pa- ns- √∂v {]tbmK- Ø- n¬ ImWn®ps- ImS- p°- e- mW- v, \_n °v ssk\_- (v d- )sb
hnhmlw sNbvXps- ImS- pØ- X- ne- p≈ bp‡ns- b∂v Cu BbØ- n¬ A√mlp hy‡a- m-
°n. ASpØ BbØ- n¬ ho≠pw ]db- p∂- Xv t\m°pI:
38 A√mlp \_n°v \n›b- n®p
(\nb- a- n®- p) sImSpØ- X- n¬, At±l- -
Øn-s‚-ta¬ bmsXmcp hnj-ahpw
D≠mI- ph- m\- n√; ˛ap≥Ig- n™- pt- ]mb- n-
´p≈- h- c- n¬ (\S- ∏- m°- s- ∏´- nc- p∂- ) A√m-
lp-hns‚ \S-]S- n-{Iaw Xs∂. A√m-
lph- ns‚ I¬]\ hyhÿ- m]- nX- a- mb
Hcp
(JW- Uv nX- ) hyhÿ- b- mI- p∂- p.
39 AXmb- Xv: A√ml- ph- ns‚
ZuXy-ßsf FØn®p [{]t_m-[\w
sNbvXp] sImSp°- pI- b- pw, Ahs\
t]Sn°- pI- b- pw, A√ml- ph- ns- \b- √- msX
Hcm-sfbpw t]Sn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cp-∂-h¿! [Ahc- n¬ \S∏- m°- -
s∏´ \S-]Sn Xs∂ \_n-bnepw \S-
∏m°- nb- nc- n°- b- mW- v].
hnNm-cW \S-Øp-∂-h-\mbn
A√ml- pX- s∂ aXn!
38 D≠mb- n´- n√- , C√, D≠mI- m\- n√ \_nb- ps- St- a¬
Hcp hnj-a-hpw, sX‰pw A√mlp \nba- n®- X- n¬, \n›- b- n®- X- n¬ At±-l-
Øn\v A√m-lp-hns‚ \S-]-Sn, N´w, am¿Kw ap≥Ig- n™- pt- ]mb- h- c- n¬
apºv BIp∂- p, Bbnc- n°- p∂p A√ml- ph- ns‚ I¬]\- , Imcyw
\n¿Wb- w, hyhÿ \n¿Wbw sNøs- ∏´- , hyhÿ sNøs- ∏´ (JW- Uv nX- a- m-
b) 39 FØn®- ps- ImS- p°- p∂ ({]t- _m[- \w sNøp∂- )h- ¿
A√m-lp-hns‚ ZuXy-ßsf Ah¿ Ahs\ t]Sn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p
Ah¿ t]Sn°- p∂- pa- n√ Hcm-sfbpw A√ml- ph- ns- \b- √- msX
aXn A√mlp (Xs- ∂) hnNmc- W- °- mc- ≥
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
ssk\_v (d)-bpsS hnhm-l-hn-j-b-Øn¬ \_n sb kw_‘- n®v bmsXmcp
Bt£]- hpw Atcm]- W- h- pa- n√; A√mlp \nba- n®- ps- ImS- pØ- Xv \S∏- n¬ hcpØ- pI
am{Xta At±lw sNbvXn´- p≈q; CØcw Imcyß- f- n¬ A√ml- ph- ns‚ {]hmN- I- ≥am¿
aptJ\ P\ß- ƒ°v amXrI Im´pI F∂Xv A√ml- ph- ns‚ aptºb- p≈ \S]- S- nb- mW- .v
Ahs‚ I¬]\m\n¿tZi- ß- ƒ \S∏- n¬ hcpØ- p∂- Xv Ahc- psS NpaX- e- b- mW;v AXn¬
A√ml- ph- ns- \b- √- msX as‰mcmsfbpw Ah¿ `bs- ∏S- p∂- X- pa- √; Ahni- zmk- nI- fpw h{I-
_p≤- nI- fpw F¥pX- s∂ ]d™- mepw AXv hnes- ht- °≠- X- n√- ; AXns- \∏- ‰n hnNmc- W
sNbXv p \S]- Sn FSp°- ph- m≥ A√mlp am{Xw aXn; AXh- ≥ \SØ- ns- °m≈pw Fs∂m-
s°b- mWv A√mlp Cu hN\- Ø- n¬- Nq≠n°- m´- p∂- X- .v "aplΩ- Zv Ahs‚ aIs‚ `mcysb
hnhmlw Ign®p' F∂v Bt£]- n°- p∂- h- sc A√mlp Hcp bmYm¿∞yw ˛auenI
{][m\- a- mb Hcp kn≤m¥w ˛Hm¿an∏- n°- p∂p:˛
40 apl-ΩZv \nß-fpsS ]pcp-
j≥amc- n¬ HcmfpsSbpw ]nXmh- mb- n-
´n√; F¶ne- pw, (At- ±l- w) A√ml- p-
hns‚ dkqe- pw, \_na- mc- n¬ Ahk- m-
\s- Øh- \- pa- mI- p∂- p. A√mlp F√m
hkvXps- h°- pd- n®pw Adnb- p∂- h- \- m-
Ip-∂p.
40 A√, Bbn´- n√ apl-ΩZv Hcm-fp-sSbpw ]nXm-hv, _m∏
\nßf- psS ]pcpj- ≥amc- n¬s]´ F¶n-epw, ]t£
A√ml- ph- ns‚ dkqe- s{X \_na- mc- n¬ Ahk- m\- Ø- h- \- pw, A¥y{- ]h- m-
N-I\pw A√mlp BIp∂p -F√m hkvXpsh (Im-cy-sØ)-∏-‰nbpw
Adn-bp-∂-h≥
aplΩ- Zv \nßf- n¬ Bcps- Sbpw ]nXmh- √- . F∂nc- ns- °, At±lw Fßs- \b- mWv
sskZns‚ ]nXm-hm-Ip-∂-Xpw, sskZv At±-l-Øns‚ ]p{X-\m-Ip-∂Xpw?! At∏mƒ
]p{X≥ hnhmlw Ign®- h- sf ]nXmhv hnhmlw sNbvXps- h∂ hmZw XnI®pw \nc¿∞-
amI- p∂- p. bYm¿∞ ]p{X\- s- √¶- nepw t]m‰p]- p{- X\- mb ÿnXn°v Cu hnhmlw Bt£-
]m¿la- ms- W∂mWv hmZs- a¶- n¬ AXn\pw {]k‡- nb- n√- . ImcW- w, At±lw A√m-
lph- ns‚ dkqe- mW- .v Ahs‚ \nba- h- yh- ÿ- I- ƒ {]t_m[- \w sNøm\- pw, \S∏- n¬ hcpØn
amXrI ImWn°- ph- m\pw _m≤yÿ- \- mW- t- ±l- w. \nßf- psS Cu Zpjn® amaq¬ \S]- -
Sn°v AdpX- nh- c- pØ- n A√ml- p-h- ns‚ \nbaw {]mtbm-Kn-I-cw-KØv hcp-Øp-I-bmWv
At±lw sNbvX-Xv. F\n Hcp \_n-tbm, dkqtem hcphm\p≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬,
Ah¿ apJm¥- cw CXv \S∏- ne- m°- ms- a∂v sh°ma- mb- nc- p∂- p. ]t£, F\n dkqtem
\_ntbm hcp-hm-\p-an-√. apl-ΩZv \_n A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-\m-Wv. {]hm-N-I-Xz-{irw-
Je At±l- t- ØmS- pI- qSn Ahk- m\- n∏- n°- s- ∏S- pI- bpw sNbvXnc- n°- p∂- p. `qX˛ h¿Ø-
am\- ˛ `mhn hyXymk- a- n√- ms- X, kIe Imcyß- fpw Adnb- p∂ k¿∆⁄- \- mW- t√m A√m-
lp. AXps- Im≠v Ahs‚ B⁄m\- n¿t±i- ß- s- f°- pd- n®v tNmZyws- Nø- m≥ A¬]⁄- \- mb
a\pj- y\v H´pw A¿lX- b- n√- . A√ml- ph- ns‚ B⁄m\- n¿t±i- ß- ƒ A∏Sn tNmZyw
sNømsX A\pk- c- n°- ph- mt\ Ah\v AhI- mi- a- p≈- q. AXv Ahs‚ ISa- b- mI- p∂- p.
CXmWv Cu BbØ- ne- S- ß- nb Bib- ß- f- psS cXv\®- pc- p°- w.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
"\p_p∆- Ø'v ({]h- mN- I- X- zw) kn≤n®- h- s- c√mw dkqe- mb- ns- °m≈- W- s- a∂- n√- . "cnkm-
eØm'Ip∂ Znhy ZuXyw IqSn e`n®- h- ¿°mWv dkq¬ F∂v ]db- p∂- X- .v At∏mƒ
apl-ΩZv \_n Xncp-ta\n \_na- mc- n¬ Ahk- m\- s- ØB- f- mWv F∂v ]db- pt- ºmƒ,
AhnS- pt- Ø°v tijw \_nb- pa- n√- , dkqe- pa- n√ F∂v hy‡a- mW- .v
("JmXap∂- -_nø- o≥') F∂pw, ("JmXnap-∂_- n-øo≥') F∂pw ChnsS hmb\- b- p-≠v.
Izp¿B- ≥ hmb\- °- mc- mb ]WUv nX- t- \X- m°- f- n¬ an°h- cpw "JmXnw' F∂mWv hmbn®- n-
´p≈- X- v. c≠mb- mepw "\_na- mc- n¬ Ahk- m\- s- Øh- ≥' ˛AY- hm A¥y{]h- mN- I- ≥˛
F∂pX- s- ∂b- mWv AXns‚ A¿∞w. CXns‚ {Inbmc- q]- a- mb "JØa' F∂ hm°v
"Ahk- m\- n∏- n®p' F∂pw "ap{Zs- h®p' ˛AY- hm "ko¬sh®p' ˛F∂- pa- p≈ A¿∞ß- -
fn¬ D]t- bmK- n°- s- ∏S- md- p≠- v. CX\- pk- c- n®v "JmXav' F∂ ]ZØ- n\v "ap{Z' ˛AY- hm
"ko¬' F∂pw A¿∞w hcpw. "JmXap∂- _- nø- o≥' F∂ hm°n\v "\_na- mc- psS ap{Z
F∂v hnh¿Ø\w sNøms- a¶- n¬Xs- ∂, AXns‚ hnh£ "\_na- mc- n¬ Ahk- m\- sØ
Bƒ' F∂v am{Xa- mI- p∂- p. GsX¶- nepw H∂n¬ ko¬sh®v F∂v ]d™- m¬ AXn¬ F\n
H∂pw G‰ph- mt- \m, Ipd°- ph- mt\m \nhrØ- nb- n√- mX- m°n F∂mWv Dt±i- yw.
F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ "ko¬˛ As√-¶n¬˛ ap{Z' F∂ A¿∞sØ NqjWw
sNbvXpw, Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNbvXpw hcp∂ Hcp I£n ASpØ ImeØv \ΩpsS
\mSpI- f- n¬ D≠mb- n´- p≠- v. "JmZnb- m\- nI- ƒ' F∂t- ]c- n¬ Adnb- s- ∏S- p∂ "AlvaZnøm'
kapZ- mb- °- mc- mW- nX- v. aplΩ- Zv \_n Xncpt- a\n A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-\m-sW∂v kΩ-
Xn-®m¬, Ah-cpsS t\Xmhpw \_n-Xz-hm-Zn-bp-amb ao¿km-Kpemw AlvaZv JmZn-bm-
\n°v \_nXzw Ie]v n°- ph- m≥ \n¿∆ml- a- n√- t√m; CXmW- nX- n\v ImcW- w. BIb- m¬,
F∂ hm°n\v "\_na- mc- psS ko¬' F∂v hm°¿∞w sImSp°- pI- bpw, \_na- mc- n¬sh®v
t{ijvT≥ F∂v AXn\v hnh£ \¬Ip-I-bp-amWv Ch-cpsS ]Xn-hv. Izp¿-B-\n¬
\nt∂m, lZoY- n¬ \nt∂m, {][m\ Ad_n \nL≠- p°- f- n¬\nt∂m Ch¿°v sXfnh- pI- ƒ
D≤c- n°- m\√. F√mw t\scadn®- mW- p≈- X.v AXps- Im≠v GsX¶- nepw Ad_n {KŸß- -
fntem at‰m Xßf- psS hmZØ- n\v A\pI- qe- a- m°n Nn{XoI- c- n°- ph- m≥ km[nt- ®°- p∂
h√ {]tbmK- ß- fpw I≠m¬, Ah¿ AXv s]m°n°- m´- p∂- Xv ImWmw. ÿes- sZ¿LysØ
Hm¿Øp ChnsS IqSpX- ¬ hnkXv c- n°- ph- m≥ Dt±i- °- p∂- n√- . aplΩ- Zv Xncpt- a\n -bp-
sSt- ijw Hcp \_ntbm dkqtem hcms- a∂- p≈ hmZw Ckvemans‚ auenI- k- n≤- m¥- -
Øn\v IS-I-hn-cp-≤-am-b-Xpw, apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ GI-I-WvT-amb A`n-{]m-b-
Øn\pw Xocp-am-\-Øn\pw FXn-cm-bXpw BsW∂v ]cs° Adn-b-s∏-´-Xm-W-t√m.
F¶nepw km[mc- W- °- mc- psS Hm¿a°- t-v h≠n Cu hymPhmZ- Ø- ns‚ s]m≈Ø- cw hy‡-
am°- p∂ A¬]w Nne kwKX- nI- ƒ am{Xw ChnsS Nq≠n°- mW- n°mw:˛
1) a\pj- y≥ _p≤n]- c- a- mb ]IzX {]m]n®p Ign™- nc- p∂- n√- mØ- X- ps- Im≠v BZy-
Ime- ß- f- n¬ A√ml- ph- ns‚ GIa- X- a- mb Ckvemw AXns‚ ]cn]- q¿Wa- mb cq]Ø- n¬
\_n °v apºv AhX- c- n°- s- ∏´- n´- p≠- mb- nc- p∂- n√- . Adnb- s- ∏´- nS- t- Ømfw, icoA- Øpw
(Ckev manI \nba- k- wl- nX- b- pw) thZ{- KŸ- h- ps- a∂- \- ne- °v a\pj- yk- a- pZ- mb- Ø- n¬ A√m-
lp-hn-\m¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ BZysØ {KŸw Xudm-Øm-Ip-∂p. AXm-I-s´,
CkvdmCu¬ kapZ- mb- Ø- nt- e°v dkqe- mbn \ntbmK- n°- s- ∏´ aqkm \_n (A)bpsS
ssI°v Ah¿°tv h≠n AhX- c- n∏- n°- s- ∏´- X- mb- nc- p∂- p. aplΩ- Zv \_n Xncp-ta\n a\p-
jy-tem-I-Øn-\m-I-am-\-ap≈ ssZh-Zq-X-\m-I-sIm-≠pw,
Xncpt- a\- nb- psS \ntbmK- a- mb- t- ∏mt- g°pw a\pj- yk- a- pZ- mb- Ø- ns‚ _p≤n]- c- a- mb hf¿®
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
]q¿WX {]m]n®- X- ps- Im≠pw Xncpt- a\- n°v AhX- c- n∏- n°- s- ∏´ thZ{- KŸ- w˛ Izp¿B- ≥˛
Ckev mans‚ ]cn]- q¿Whpw k¿hP- \- o\- h- pa- mb thZ{- KŸ- a- mb- nØ- o¿∂p. B {KŸw
bmsXmcp am‰Ø- nc- pØ- epw IqSmsX temImh- k- m\w hsc \ne\- n¬°p∂- X- ms- W∂v
A√mlp Dd∏v \¬IpI- bpw sNbXv nc- n°- p∂- p. F∂nc- ns- °, F\n Hcp {]hmN- I- s- ‚tbm
dkqe- ns- ‚tbm hch- n\- mI- s- ´, thZ{- KŸ- Ø- ns‚ AhX- c- W- Ø- n\- mI- s´ Bhi- ya- n√- .
\_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS hntbm-K-Øn\v A¬]w apºv a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-tØm-Sm-I-
am\w bm{X ]d™ Hcp almk- t- Ωf- \- a- mW- t√m "l÷Ø- p¬hnZ- mD'v (). Cu
ktΩf- \- Ø- n¬sh®v Xncpt- a\- n°v AhX- c- n® Izp¿B- ≥ hN\w Cu ]c-am¿∞w
k]v jSv a- m°- pI- b- mWv sNøp∂- X- .v A√mlp ]db- p∂p:
(C∂v \n߃°v \nßf- psS aXw Rm≥ ]q¿Øn-
bm°- nØ- c- pI- b- pw, Fs‚ A\p{- Klw \nßf- n¬ ]cn]- q¿Wa- m°- pI- b- pw, \nß- ƒ°v
Ckvemans\ aX-ambn Rm≥ Xr]vXn-s∏-´p-X-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. (am-CZx 4.)
hnip≤ Izp¿B- s‚ kwc£- W- s- Ø°- pd- n®v A√mlp ]db- p∂- Xv t\m°pI:
\mw Xs∂-bmWv {]am-W-sØ˛ Izp¿-B-s\˛ Ah-X-cn-∏n-
®nc- n°- p∂- X- v. \mw Xs∂ AXns\ ImØpk- q£- n°- p∂- h- c- pa- mI- p∂p. (lnPv¿: 9)
2) BZyI- me- Øv a\pj- y≥ _p≤n]- c- a- mb ]IzX {]m]n®- pI- g- n™- nc- p∂- ns- √∂- t- ]ms- e-
Øs∂ hm¿Ømh- nX- c- W- w, KXmK- X- k- uI- c- yw, At\ym\y kº¿°w BZnb- mb \mK-
cnI Xpd-I-fnepw ap≥k-ap-Zm-b-߃ hfsc ]n∂n-em-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v \_n Xncp-
ta\n °va- pºv `qtemI- Øv \nbp‡- c- mb F√m \_na- mcpw Nne {]tXyI kapZ- m-
bß- f- nt- e°- va- m{Xw \nbp‡- c- mb- n. \_n Xncpt- a\n bm-I-s´, Ime-tZ-i-hyXym-k-
an√- ms- X, temImh- k- m\w htc°- pa- p≈ F√m P\ß- ƒ°pw th≠n \nbp‡- \- mb dkqepw.
At±lw sIm≠ph- ∂ ssZhnI \nba- k- wl- nX kIe P\ß- ƒ°pw _m[I- a- mb- X- p-
amI- p∂- p. C°mc- W- Ø- mepw F\n Hcp {]hmNI- s- ‚tbm thZ{- KŸ- Ø- ns- ‚tbm Bhiyw
temIØ- n\v Aht- ij- n°- p∂- n√- . A√mlp ]db- p∂p:
1. ]db- pI: tl, a\pj- ytc! Rm≥\n߃F˛√mh- c- nt- e°- pa- p≈ A√ml- ph- ns‚ dkq-
em-Ip-∂p. (A-Av-dm^ v1˛58.)
2. a\pj- y¿°v BIa- m\w kt¥mj- h- m¿Ø Adnb- n°- p∂- h- \pw Xm°oXv \¬Ip∂- -
h\pw Bbn´- √- msX \ns∂ \mw Ab®- n´- n√- . ]t£, a\pj- yc- n¬ A[nI- a- mfpw Adn-
bp-∂n-√. (k-_Dv 28.) Pm_n¿ (d) \nth-Z\w sNbvX-Xpw, _pJmco (d)bpw apkvenapw
(d) D≤-cn-®-Xp-amb Hcp \_n-h-N-\hpw Cu hkvXpX Xs∂b- mWv Nq≠n°- m´- p∂- X- v.
CXc \_na- m¿°v kn≤n®- n´- n√- mØ A©v {]tXyI- X- I- ƒ hnhc- n°- p∂ Iq´Ø- n¬ Xncp-
ta\n ]d-bp∂p: (Hcp \_n At±-l-
Øns‚ P\X- b- nt- e°v am{Xa- mb- nc- p∂p \ntbmK- n°- s- ∏´- nc- p∂- .v Rm≥ a\pj- yc- nt- e°v
s]mXph- mbn \ntbmK- n°- s- ∏´- nc- n°- p∂- p.)
3. \_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS \ntbmKw P\-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn\v BI-am-\-am-sW-∂-
Xpw, hnip≤ Izp¿-B≥ Ckvemans‚ ]cn-]q¿W \nb-a-kw-ln-X-bm-sW-∂Xpw icn-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
Xs- ∂, F∂mepw CS°- me- Øv kapZ- mb- sØ D≤c- n°- ph- m≥ \_na- m¿ D≠mb- ns- °m≠- n-
cn°- p∂- Xv Bhi- ya- t√? F∂mWv ]pØ≥ \_nX- zh- mZ- nI- f- psS Hcp \ymbw. tIhew
km[mc- W- °- mc- mb s]mXpP- \- ß- ƒ Cu \ymbw icnbmsW∂v Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvtX-
°mw. F∂m¬, {]tXyI thZ{- KŸ- t- am \nba- k- wl- nX- tbm C√mØ \_na- mc- psS Npa-
Xe X߃°pa- pºv \neh- ne- p≈ ssZhnI- \- n¿t±i- ß- ƒ P\ß- sf D]t- Zi- n®- ps- Im≠- nc- n-
°pI F∂p≈- XmW.v Ah¿°v A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬ \n∂pw {]hmN- I- X- zØ- ns‚ ÿm\]- Z- hn
e`n®- nc- n°- ps- a∂- pa- m{- Xw. Izp¿B- s‚ A\pb- mb- nI- f- mI- s- ´, {]hmN- I- X- z]- Z- hn C√ms- X-
Øs∂ Cu IrXyw temImh- k- m\w hsc \ne\- nd- pØ- nt- ∏mc- ph- m≥ _m≤yÿ- c- mI- p-
∂p. B \ne°pw {]hmN- I- s‚ Bhiyw F\n Aht- ij- n°- p∂- n√- . A√mlp ]db- p∂p:
1. \∑b- nt- e°v £Wn°- pI- b- ˛ pw, k¬°mcyw sIm≠v I¬]n°- pI- bpw \njn≤- I- mc- ys- Ø-
°pd- n®v hntcm[- n°- pI- bpw sNøp∂ Hcp kaqlw \nßf- n¬ D≠mb- nc- n°- s- ´. (Be- pC- w-
dm≥: 104.)˛
2. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb ]pcp-j≥amcpw kv{XoIfpw Nne¿ Nne-cpsS ˛A-t\ym-
\yw˛ ImcyI- ¿Øm°f- mI- p∂- p. Ah¿ k¬°mc- yws- Im≠v I¬]n°- pI- b- pw, \njn≤- a- mb- -
Xns\ hntcm[- n°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- p. (sXu_x 71.)
hnaX- ÿ- ¿°v aX{- ]t- _m[- \w sNøp∂- X- pw, At\ym\yw D]t- Zi- n°- p∂- X- pw apkev nwI-
fpsS ISa- bpw I¿Øh- yh- pa- ms- W∂v ImWn°- p∂ \nch- [n Izp¿B- ≥ hN\- ß- fpw
\_n-h-N-\-ßfpw Ds≠∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. ]WvUn-X≥am-cn-emWv Cu
Npa-Xe {][m-\-ambpw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Hcp lZo-Yn¬
(]-WvUn-X≥am¿ \_n-am-cpsS A\-¥-cm-h-Im-in-I-fm-Wv) F∂v
\_n Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xpw. (A-_q-Zm-hqZv; Xn¿a-Zo.)
4. temIØv F¥v am‰ß- ƒ Xs∂ kw`h- n®- mepw, Izp¿B- ≥ AXns‚ km£m¬
cq]Ø- n\v `wKw hcmsX ImØpk- q£- n°- ps- a∂v A√mlp ]d™- ph- t- √m. a\pj- yk- a- p-
Zmbw F{X Zpjn®- mepw Ahc- n¬ A¬]w Nnes- c¶- nepw kXyØ- n¬ \nes- Im≈- p∂- h- -
cmb- pw, Ckvemans‚ kn≤m¥- ß- ƒ shfns- ∏S- pØ- ns- °m≠- nc- n°p∂h- c- mbpw temImh- -
km\- wh- sc Aht- ij- n°- mX- nc- n°- pI- b- ns- √∂v CXn¬\n∂v a\ - ne- m°- mw. am{Xa- √- , CsXmcp
bmYm¿∞yw Xs∂-bm-sW∂v \_n {]h-N\w sNbvXn-´p-ap-≠v. Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-
bp∂p:˛
(Fs‚ kapZ- mb- Ø- n¬, A√ml- ph- ns‚ I¬]\ A\pk- c- n®v \nes- Im≈- p∂
Hcp kaqlw D≠mb- ns- °mt- ≠b- nc- n°- pw. Ahsc ssIshS- nb- p∂- h- c- mI- s- ´, Aht- cmSv
`n∂n®p \n¬°p∂- h- c- mI- s- ´˛ Bcpw Xs∂˛ Ah¿°v D]{- Zhw hcpØ- pI- b- n√- . Aß-
s\, Ah¿ AtX \neb- ne- nc- ns° A√ml- ph- ns‚ I¬]\ (temI- mh- k- m\- w) hs∂-
Øpw. (_p; ap.)
5. ta¬]d- ™- s- X√mw icn, F∂mepw Hcp {]hmN- I- ≥ F¥ps- Im≠v h∂pI- qSm?
F∂mWv F\n tNmZn°- ph- m\- p≈- X- v. CXn\v G‰hpw hy‡hpw, {][m\- h- pa- mb adp]- -
Sn, \_n Xncpt- a\n \_na- mc- n¬ Ahk- m\- sØ Bfms- W∂v {]Jym]- n°- p∂ \ΩpsS
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
Cu Bb-Øp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. ]t£, ta¬ kqNn-∏n® {]Im-cw, AXns‚ A¿∞-hn-h-
£sb kw_‘- n®- nS- t- Ømfw ]pXnb Ir{Xna \_na- mc- psS A\pb- mb- nI- ƒ ]e Zp¿hym-
Jym\- ß- fpw \SØ- nb- nc- n°- b- mW- t- √m. B ÿnXn°v Chc- psS Zp¿hymJ- ym\- ß- ƒ XnI®pw
\nc¿∞a- ms- W∂v ImWn°- p∂ Nne kwKX- nI- ƒ IqSn ChnsS Hm¿an°- p∂- Xv \∂mb- n-
cn°- pw.
1 ˛m-a-Xmbn: Cu Bb-Ønse F∂ hm°n\v \_n Xncpt- a\n \¬Ip∂
A¿∞w F¥ms- W∂v t\m°mw. Xncpt- a\- nb- mW- t√m Izp¿B- ≥ P\ß- ƒ°v {]t_m-
[\w sNbvX-Xpw, hnh-cn-®p-X-∂-Xpw. At∏mƒ Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS hymJym-\-Øn-\mWv
GXv \ne°pw ap≥KW- \ \¬tI≠- X- .v 2 ˛ma- X- mbn: {][m\ Ad_- n\- nL- ≠- p°- fpw
]WvUn-X≥amcpw AXn\v \¬Inb A¿∞w F¥m-sW∂pw 3 ˛m-a-Xmbn \_n Xncp-
ta\n -bpsS Ime-Øpw, AXn-\v-ti-jhpw ]pXnb \_n-Xzh- m-Zs- Ø°- pd- n®v kzoIc- n-
°s- ∏´- nc- p∂ \ne]- mSv F¥ms- W∂pw ]cnt- im[- n®- pt- \m°- mw. Cu hnjb- I- a- mbn {][m\
lZoYv {KŸß- f- n¬ tcJs- ∏S- pØ- s- ∏´- n´- p≈ lZoY- pI- ƒ GXm\pw D≤c- n°- p∂ ]£w
AXv hf-sc-b-[nIw Zo¿Ln-®p-t]m-Ipw. ]e kzlm-_n-Iƒ hgnbmbpw, ]e hmN-I-
ßf- ne- mbpw h∂n´- p≈ {]kn≤- a- mb \nch- [n lZoY- pI- f- n¬ cs≠Æw am{Xw DZml- c- -
WØ- n\v ChnsS Nq≠n°- m´- p∂p:
1) \_n {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn Pm_n¿ (d) \nth-Z\w sNøp∂ Hcp lZo-Yns‚
Npcp°w CXm-Wv: Fs‚bpw a‰v \_n-am-cp-sSbpw D]-a, Hcp ]pcp-j-t‚-Xp-t]m-se-
bmW;v Abmƒ Hcp hoSv \n¿an®- p. Hcp CjSv nI- °- √- ns‚ ÿm\w Hgn®v as‰√mw Abmƒ
]q¿Ønb- m°- pI- bpw `wKnb- m°n \n¿an°- pI- bpw sNbXv p. BIb- m¬, AXn¬ {]thi- n®p
AXv t\m°p∂- h- s- c√- mh- cpw ]db- pI- b- mbn: "Cu Hcp I√ns‚ ÿm\w Hgn®v a‰p≈- s- X√mw
Fs¥mcp `wKn ! F∂m¬ Cu I√ns‚ ÿm\w Rm\m-
Ip-∂p. {]hm-N-I≥am¿ Fs∂-s°m≠v Ah-km-\n-∏n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.
() Cu lZoYv Camw _pJm-cn, apkvenw (d) XpS-ßnb ]e
alm≥amcpw D≤c- n®- X- mI- p∂- p. Chns- Sbpw CXpt]me- p≈ a‰v ÿeß- f- nepw F∂
{Inb°v "ko¬ sh°s- ∏´' F∂v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXm¬t]me- pw "Ahk- m\- n∏- n°- -
s∏´p'sh∂√- msX AXn\v hnh£ \¬Iph- m≥ km[ya- mh- pI- b- n√- . "Fs∂s- °m≠v \_n-
am¿°v t{ijvTX \¬Is- ∏´- ps- h∂- mWv' CXns‚ A¿∞s- a∂v Ad_n Adnb- mh- p∂
Hcp "AlvaZn'°v t]mepw ]db- ph- m≥ ]‰pI- b- n√- .
2) Aenøv (d)t- \mSv \_n ]db- pI- b- p≠- mbn: Fs∂ kw_‘- n®- nS- t- Ømfw \o,
aqkm \_nsb kw_‘- n®v lmdqs‚ ]Zh- nb- ne- mI- p∂- p. ]t£, Fs‚tijw Hcp
\_nbpw C√.' () Cu lZoYpw _pJm-cnbpw, apkvenapw (d) D≤-cn-®-
Xm-Wv.
Ad_- n`- mjm \nL≠- p°- f- n¬ {]kn≤- hpw {][m\- h- pa- mb F√m \nL≠- p°- f- nepw
ImWm-hp∂ Nne hm°p-I-fmWv Ch:
AXm-bXv:
1) P\-ß-fpsS "JmØw' F∂v ]d-™m¬ Ah-cn¬ Ah-km-\sØ Bƒ
F∂m-Ip-∂p.
2) P\ß- f- psS "JnØm- apw', "JmØapw', "JmØnapw' F√mw Xs∂ Ahc- n¬ Ah-
km-\-sØ-h-\m-Ip-∂p.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
3) Hcp Imcyw "JØav v sNbXv p' F∂v ]d™- m¬ AXns‚ A¥yØ- n¶- s- eØn
F∂¿∞w. IqSpX- ¬ DZml- c- W- ß- ƒ D≤c- nt- °≠- X- n√- .
apl-ΩZv apkvXz^m Xncp-ta\n °- v tijw Hcp ]pXnb \_n hcnI- b- ns- √∂pw,
hnip≤ Izp¿B- \pw \_nh- mI- yß- fpw A°mcyw Xpd∂v {]kvXmh- n®- n´- ps- ≠∂pap≈-
Xn¬ Ckev manI- h- rØ- Ø- n¬ Dƒs∏´ Hcmƒ°pw ]£m¥- c- a- n√- . CXv Ckev manse Hcp
auen-I-kn-≤m-¥-ambn apkvenwIƒ AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw, CXn-s\-Xn-cmb hnizmkw
A\nkev manI- h- pw, CXns- \X- nc- mb hmZw Ckev man¬ \n∂p≈ hyXnb- m\- h- pa- mbn Ah¿
IW°- m°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- p. kzlm_- nI- f- psS ImeØ- pw, Ahc- psS Imet- ij- hpw am{X-
a√- , \_n Xncpt- a\n -bpsS ImeØpw, Nne {]hm-N-I-Xz-hm-Zn-Iƒ D≠m-bn-´p-≠v.
Ahc- psS hmZs- Ø°- pd- n®v ]cnt- im[- n°- pI- tbm sXfnh- pI- ƒ At\zj- n°- pI- tbm sNøm≥
\_n tbm DØc- h- mZ- s- ∏´ apkvenw`c- W- I- ¿Øm°- f- n¬ Bsc¶- ne- ptam apXn¿∂n´- n-
√. t\sc adn®v Ckev manI `cW- I- qSw Ah¿ I≈h- mZ- nI- f- ms- W∂v hn[n°- pI- b- pw,
bp≤tam h[tam \SØ- pI- b- pa- mW- p≠- mb- n´- p≈- X- .v Ckev mw Ncn{Xw hmbn°- p∂- h- ¿s°√mw
Adn-bm-hp∂ hkvXp-X-bm-Wn-Xv. \_n °pt- ijw Hcmƒ, Xm≥ {]hmN- I- \- ms- W∂v
hmZn°- pt- ºmƒ AXn\v sXfnh- pt≠m F∂v ]cnt- im[- n°- p∂- Xv t- ]mepw kXyh- ni- zmk- -
Øn¬\n∂- p≈ hyXnb- m\- a- mb- n´- mWv Nne alm≥am¿ A`n{- ]mb- s- ∏´- nc- n°- p∂- X- .v {]hm-
N-I-k-am]vXn ()s- b°- pd- n®v ]e ]WUv nX- ≥amcpw {]tXyIw {KŸß- ƒXs∂
cNn®- nc- n°- p∂- p. IqSpX- ¬ hnhcw AØcw {KŸß- f- n¬\n∂v a\ - ne- m°- mh- p∂- X- mW- .v
Npcp°- Ø- n¬, aplΩ- Zv \_n °- v tijw A√ml- ph- n¬\n∂ hlbv v e`n°- pI- bpw
{]hmN- I- X- z- ÿm\w e`n°- pI- bpw sNøp∂ Hcp {]hmN- I- \pw Cu temIØv F\n hcp-
hm\- n√- . Ds≠∂v Ft∏ms- g¶- nepw Bsc¶- nepw hmZn°- p∂- ]- £w Ah¿°v kn≤n°- p∂
hlbv pw, {]hmN- I- X- zh- pw, klmb- hpw F√mwX- s∂ ]nimN- n¬\n∂- p≈- X- mb- nc- n°- pw.
(\nß- ƒ°v Rm≥ h¿Øa- m\w Adnb- n®- p-
Xc- s- ´t- bm, Bcps- St- ae- ne- mWv ]nimN- p°- ƒ Cdß- p∂- s- X∂v? almh- ymP- -\- pw, ZpjvS-
\p-amb F√m-h-cp-sSbpw taes{X Ah¿ Cd-ßp-∂-Xv. (kq: ipA-dm-Dv: 221, 222) AXp-
sIm≠v ]pXns- bmcp \_nX- zh- mZw D∂- b- n°- p∂- h- t- cmSv \ap°v ]db- mw.
(\nß- ƒ°v \nßf- psS aXw. F\n°v Fs‚ aXw.)
hn`mKw ˛ 6
41 tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc,
\n߃ A√ml- ph- ns\ kav cn°- ph- n≥,
[mcmfw kvac-W.
42 Ime-Øpw, sshIp-t∂c-
hpw Ah\v "Xkv_olv' []cn-ip-
≤nbpsS Io¿Ø\w] sNbvIbpw
sNøph- n≥.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
41 tl, hnizk- n®- h- tc \n߃ A√ml- ph- ns\ kav cn-
°ph- n≥, Hm¿an°- ph- n≥ [mcmf- a- mb kvacW- , A[nI- a- mb Hm¿a 42
\n߃ Ah\v Xkv_olv (]c- ni- p≤- nb- psS Io¿Ø\- w) sNøpI- bpw thWw
cmhnse sshIp-t∂-chpw
kav cn°- pI- , Hm¿an°- pI- , ]db- pI- , Io¿Ø\w sNøpI- , {]Jym]- n°- pI F∂nß- s\
A¿∞ß- ƒ hcmhp∂ hm°mWv (Zn-Iv¿). a\-km, hmNm, I¿aWm A√m-lp-hn-s\-
°pd- n®- p≈ t_m[a- mWv km£m¬ ZnI¿v . lwZ,v Xk_v ol- ,v ZpB, \ak- Iv mc- w, XI_v o¿,
Xlveo¬, [ym\w apXe- mb- h- a- qe- a- mW- Xv {]IS- n∏- n°- pI- . AXps- Im≠v km[mc- W- a- mbn
ZnIv¿ F∂v ]db- p∂- Xv Chs- b°- pd- n®- mW- v. ZnIvdns‚ Iq´Ø- n¬ {][m\- s- ∏´- X- mWv
Xkv_o-lpw, \a-kvIm-c-hpw. (kq: dqw 18- s‚bpw kq: A≥I-_qØv 45- s‚bpw hnh-
cW- Ø- n¬ hmbn®- Xv Chns- Sbpw Hm¿°pI- .) A√ml- ph- ns\ [mcmfw kav cn°- pI- b- pw,
Ahs‚ kvtXm{X-Io¿Ø-\-߃ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xn-∂p≈ Hcp Imc-W-sa-
t∂mWw A√mlp ]d-bp∂p:˛
43 \nßf- psS ta¬ A\p{- Klw
t\cp-∂-h-\s{X Ah≥ [A√mlp];
Ahs‚ ae°- pI- fpw Xs∂ (A\- p-
{Klw t\cp∂- p); ˛\nß- sf A‘I- m-
cß- f- n¬\n∂v {]Imi- Ø- nt- e°v hcp-
Øp-hm≥ th≠n. Ah≥ kXy-hn-
izmk- nI- f- n¬ hfsc IcpW- b- p≈- h- -
\mWv Xm\pw.
44 Ah¿ Ahs\ ImWp∂
Znhkw Ah¿°p≈ D]N- mc- w, "kemw'
F∂v (k-am-[m-\-k-tµ-iw) Bbn-cn-
°pw. Ah¿°v am\ya- mb {]Xn^- ew
Ah≥ Hcp°- ns- h°- pI- bpw sNbXv nc- n-
°p∂- p.
43 Ah≥ kzemØv (A-\p-{K-lw) t\cp-∂-h-\mWv
\nßf- ps- St- a¬ Ahs‚ ae°- pI- fpw \nßsf Ah≥ ]pdØv
sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥th≠n A‘I- mc- ß- f- n¬ \n∂v {]Imi- Ø- nt- e°v
Ah≥ BIp∂p kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- f- n¬ hfsc IcpW- b- p≈- h- ≥
44 Ahc- psS D]N- mc- w, A`nh- mZyw Ahc- h- s\ ImWp∂ Znhkw
kem-amWv Ah¿°v Ah≥ Hcp°- ns- h°- pI- bpw sNbXv nc- n°- p∂p
am\y-amb {]Xn-^ew
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
F∂ hm°n-\mWv A\p-{Klw t\cpI F∂v A¿∞w I¬]n-®-Xv.
(kze- mØ- v) F∂ [mXph- n¬\n∂- p≈ {Inbmc- q]- a- s{X AXv. "{]m¿∞\- , A\p{- Kl- w,
ImcpWyw' Fs∂ms- °b- mW- X- ns‚ A¿∞w. A√mlp kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°v A\p{- K-
lhpw ImcpW- yhpw \¬Ip∂- p. ae°- pI- ƒ°nS- b- n¬ Ahc- psS KpWK- W- ß- sf ]pIg- Øv p-
Ibpw sNøp∂- p. "A√mlp A\p{- Klw t\cp∂p' ("kze- mØv sNøp∂p) F∂v ]d™- -
Xns‚ kmcw CXmW- .v ae°- pI- ƒ kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°v KpWØ- n\- t-v h≠n {]m¿∞n°- p-
Ibpw, Ah¿°v ]m]t- amN- \w tXSpI- bpw sNøp∂- X- mbn kqdØ- p¬ apAav- n≥ (Km-
^n¿) 7 , 8, 9 hN\- ß- f- n¬ A√mlp {]kXv mh- n®- n´- p≠- .v ae°- pI- ƒ A\p{- Klw t\cp∂- -
Xns‚ Dt±iyw CXs- {X. Aßs- \, AkX- yw, Zp¿am¿Kw, A⁄X- , Zp¿`mKyw BZn-
bmb A‘I- mc- ß- f- n¬\n∂v kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°v hnap‡n e`n°- ph- m\- pw, k≥am¿KØ- n-
s‚bpw k¬`mK- yØ- ns- ‚bpw shfn®- Ø- nt- e°v FØnt- ®c- ph- m\pw A√ml- ph- ns‚bpw
ae°- pI- f- ps- Sbpw "kzemØ'v Ah¿°v klmb- I- a- mb- nØ- oc- p∂- p.
kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°v A√ml- ph- n¬ \n∂v kemw e`n°- p∂- p. (kq: bmko≥ 58) ac-
Wt- hf- b- n¬ Ahc- psS ASp°- ¬ ae°- pI- ƒ sN∂p kemw ]db- pI- bpw, kt¥mj- h- m¿Ø
Adnb- n°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- p. (kq: \l¬v 32) kz¿KØ- ns‚ Imh¬°mc- mb ae°- pI- ƒ Ah¿°v
kemw ]d™- ps- Im≠v Ahsc kzmKXw sNøpw. (kq: kpa¿ 73) "kemw! kemw!!'
F∂n-ß-s\-b-√m-sX, hy¿∞-am-b-tXm, ]m]-I-c-am-btXm Bb H∂pw-Xs∂ Ah¿
kz¿KØ- n¬sh®v tIƒ°pI- b- n√- . (kq: hmIznAx 25, 26) kz¿KØ- n¬ Ahc- psS D]N- m-
ch- mIyw kema- mb- nc- n°- pw. (kq: bq\pkv 10.) Npcp°- Ø- n¬, Fhns- Sb- pw, Bcn¬\n∂- pw,
Ah¿°v kem-an-s‚˛ im¥n-bpsS ˛k-am-[m-\-Øn-s‚˛ c£-bp-sS˛ A`n-hm-Zy-amWv
kn≤n°- p∂- X- v. At∏mƒ, "kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- tf' F∂v kwt_m[- \ sNbvXps- Im≠v
Cu c≠v hN\- ß- f- n¬ A√mlp {]kXv mh- n® {]kXv mh\Iƒ Hmtcm∂pw Hmtcm kXy-
hni- zmk- n°pw F{Xt- a¬ Bthi- I- c- a- ms- W∂v BtemN- n®- pt- \m°- pI! \_n Xncpt- a\n
\ak- vImc- m\- ¥- c- w, km[mc- W ZpB sNbvXnc- p∂- X- pt- ]mse \mapw ZpB sNøpI:
(A√- ml- pt- h, \obmWv kemw \ns‚ ]°¬\n∂- mWv kemw.)
A√ml- pt- h, \o R߃°v A\p{- Kl- hpw, A‘I- mc- ß- f- n¬\n∂v tamN\- hpw, \nXyi- m-
¥nbpw \¬ItW!
45 tl, \_ntb! \n›b- a- mbpw
\mw \ns∂ km£n-bpw, kt¥m-j-
hm¿Ø Adnb- n°- p∂- h- \- pw, Xm°nX- p-
Imc- \pw Bbns- °m≠v Ab®- nc- n°- pI- -
bm-Wv.
46 A√ml- ph- nt- e°v Ahs‚
DØc- h- \- pk- c- n®v £Wn°- p∂- h- \- m-
bpw, {]Imiw \¬Ip∂ Hcp hnf-
°mbpw (\ns∂ Ab®- nc- n°- p∂- p).
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
47 kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°v A√m-
lp-hn-¶¬\n∂v hep-Xm-b-Hu-Zmcyw
(A-Yhm A\p-{K-lw) Ds≠∂v \o
Ah¿°v kt¥mj- h- m¿Ø Adnb- n°- p-
I.
48 Ahn-izm-kn-I-sf-bpw, I]-
S-hn-izm-kn-I-sfbpw A\p-k-cn-°p-
Ibpw sNøc- pX- .v Ahc- psS ieysØ
\o (A-h-K-Wn-®p) hnt´-°p-Ibpw,
A√ml- ph- ns- ‚t- a¬ `ct- a¬]n°- pI- bpw
sNøpI- . `ct- ae- ]v n°- s- ∏S- p∂- h- \- mbn
A√ml- pX- s∂ aXn!
45. tl \_ntb \n›b- a- mbpw \mw \ns∂ Ab-®n-cn-
°p∂p km£n-bmbn kt¥mj- h- m¿Ø Ad- nb- n°- p∂- h- \- mbpw
Xm°oXv \¬Ip∂- h- \- mbpw 46 £Wn°- p∂ (hnf- n°- p∂- )h- \- mbpw A√m-
lph- nt- e°v Ahs‚ DØc- hv (kΩ- X- ) {]Imcw hnf°- mbpw {]Imiw
kXy-hn-
(shf- n®- w) \¬Ip∂ 47 \o kt¥mj- h- m¿Ø Adnb- n- °- pI
izmk- nI- ƒ°v Ah¿°ps- ≠∂v A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬ \n∂v A\p-{K-lw,
HuZmcyw
hep-Xm-b, al-Ømb 48 \o A\pk- c- n°- bpw AcpXv
.
Ahn-izm-kn-Isf I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-sfbpw hn´p(X-
≈n)IfbpIbpw sNøpI Ahc- psS ieysØ, D]{- Zh- s- Ø, sskzcyt- °S- ns\
\o `ct- a¬]n°- bpw sNøpI A√ml- ph- ns‚ta¬ A√mlp Xs∂ aXn
`ct- a¬]n°- s- ∏S- p∂- h- ≥, `ct- a¬°p∂- h- ≥
\_n Xncp-ta\n sb dkq-embn \ntbm-Kn-®-Xns‚ Dt±-iy-ß-fpw, Xncp-ta-\n-
bpsS ÿm\]- Z- h- nI- fpw I¿Øh- yß- fpw Cu hN\- ß- f- n¬ A√mlp Nq≠n°- m´- nb- nc- n°- p-
∂p.
1) kapZ- mb- Ø- ns‚ ÿnXnK- Xn ho£n®- ps- Im≠- nc- n°- pI- , A√ml- ph- ns‚ \nba- \- n¿t±-
iß- ƒ Ah¿ ]men®- X- ns\ kw_‘- n®v Iznbma- Ø- p\- mf- n¬ km£yw hln°- pI- , BNm-
cm\- p-jvTm\- -ß-fne- pw, PohnX- -Øns‚ \m\m-h-i-ß-fnepw Ah¿°v amXrI km£yw
ImWn®- ps- ImS- p°- pI F∂nß- s- \b- p≈ A¿∞ßf- n¬ Xncpt- a\n "km£n' ()-bm-
Ip-∂p.
2) k÷\- ß- ƒ°v A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬\n∂v D≠mh- m\- nc- n°- p∂ ]pWy^- e- ß- s- fb- pw, {]Xn-
^-e-ß-sfbpw Ipdn®v "kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p-∂-h\pw' ()
BIp-∂p.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
3) Zp¿÷\- ß- ƒ°v A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬\n∂v D≠mI- ph- m\- nc- n°- p∂ in£I- s- fb- pw, `hnj- y-
ØpI- s- fb- pwI- pd- n®v `bs- ∏S- p∂ "Xm°oX- pI- mc- \pw' () BIp-∂p.
4) A√ml- ph- ns‚ DØc- h- pw, I¬∏\- b- pw, A\pa- X- nbpw A\pk- c- n®v A√ml- ph- n¶- -
te°- v˛ AYhm XuloZ- ns- ‚bpw k≥am¿KØ- ns- ‚bpw ]mXb- nt- e°- v˛ {]t_m[- \w
hgn P\ß- sf "£Wn°- p∂- h- \pw' ( ) BIp-∂p.
5) A⁄m\- h- pw, AkX- yh- pw, ZpcmN- mc- hpw \nd™p- Ccp´- pa- qS- nb temIØ- n\v ⁄m\-
Øns‚bpw kXy-Øn-s‚-bpw, kZm-Nm-c-Øn-s‚bpw shfn®w \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\v th≠n
lndm-ae Kpl-bn¬ \n∂v DZbw sNbvXv temI-am-I-am\w {]`-]-cØn {]Im-in-∏n-®p-
h∂ kqcy "hnf°pw' () BIp-∂p.
kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°v kt¥mj- h- m¿Øb- pw, A√mØ- h- ¿°v `bh- m¿Øbpw \¬In-
s°m≠- nc- n°- pt- ºmƒ AXns- ∂X- nc- n¬ Ahni- zmk- nI- f- ps- Sb- pw, I]S- h- ni- zmk- nI- f- ps- Sbpw
tNcnb- n¬\n∂v hnhn[- X- c- Ø- nep≈ FXn¿∏pI- fpw, D]{- Zh- ß- fpw A\p`- h- s- ∏´- ps- Im-
≠n-cn°pI kzm`m-hn-Ia- mW- v. CXv A∂pw C∂pw F∂pw ImWmh- p∂ Hcp bYm¿∞y-
a-s{X. \_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS apIf- n¬ hnhc- n® IrXy\- n¿∆l- W- ß- f- n¬ Chc- psS
ieyw aqew t\cn-Sp∂ hnLm-X-ßsf Ah-K-Wn®p apt∂m´v t]mIp-hm\pw, F√mw
A√ml- ph- n¬ A¿∏n®p a\ - a- m[- m\- s- ∏´- ps- Im≠- nc- n°- ph- m\pw A√mlp \_n sb
D]t- Zi- n°- p∂- p. Cu al-Ømb D]-tZiw \_n b- psS Ncysb amXrI- b- m°- p∂
F√m aX-{]-t_m-[-I≥amcpw kZm Hm¿an-®n-cn-
t°≠- X- p≠- .v
ASpØ hN\w apX¬ kwkmc- a- pJw as‰mcp hit- Ø°v Xncnb- p∂- p. Nne sshhm-
lnI \nba- ß- f- mWv ASpØ BbØ- pI- f- n¬ {]Xn]- mZ- n°- p∂- X- .v \nba- ß- ƒ hnhc- n°- p-
tºmƒ a\pj- yc- m¬ hncN- nX- a- mb km[mc- W {KŸß- f- n¬ ImWs- ∏S- p∂ {]Xn]- mZ- \- c- o-
Xn-bpw, Izp¿-Bs‚ {]Xn-]m-Z-\-co-Xnbpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw {i≤n-®p-t\m-°pI!
A√mlp ]db- p∂p:˛
49tl, hnizk- n®- h- t- c, \n߃
kXyh- ni- zmk- n\- nIf- mb kv{XoIsf
hnhmlw sNøp-I-bpw, ]n∂oSv
Ahsc k]v ¿in°- p∂- X- n\v apºmbn
Ahsc \n߃ hnhm-l-tam-N\w
"XzemIzv' sNbvIbpw sNøp-∂-Xm-
bm¬ \n߃ FÆn°- W- °- mt- °≠- p∂
bmsXmcp "C±bpw' \nß-tfmSv
Ah¿°v (_m[- yX- ) C√. F∂m¬,
\n߃ Ah¿°v "apXAv Ø'v tamN\- -
hn`- hw \¬IpI- b- pw, Ahsc `wKn-
bmb ]ncn®- b- °- ¬ ]ncn®- b- °- pI- bpw
sNøW- w.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
49 hnizk- n®- n´- p≈- h- tc \n߃ hnhmlw Ign®- m¬
kXyh- n-izmk- n-\n-Isf ]n∂oSv \nßf- h- sc hnhml- t- amN- \- hpw
sNbvXp apºmbn \nßf- h- sc k]v ¿in°- p∂- X- n\v F∂m¬
\n߃°n√- , \nßt- fmS- n√ Ahc- psSta¬ (_m[- yX- ) bmsXmcp C±xbpw
\n߃ FÆn (IW- °- m°- n)hcp∂ F∂me- h- ¿°v \n߃ "apXA-v Ø'v
\¬IWw \nß-f-hsc ]ncn-®p-hn-Sp-Ibpw thWw Hcp ]ncn°- ¬
`wKnb- mb- , \√X- mb
"k]v ¿in°- p∂- X- n∂- pa- pº- mbn' F∂v ]d™- X- ns‚ Xm¬]cyw kwtbmKw D≠mI- p∂- -
Xn\- pa- pºv F∂mW- v. CtX Dt±i- yØ- n¬ "sXmSpI- , kao]- n°- pI- , sNm√pI- , aqSpI- ,
hnhmlw \S-ØpI' () F∂nß- s- \b- p≈ ]Z{- ]t- bmK- ß- fpw
Izp¿-B≥ D]-tbm-Kn®pImWmw. Izp¿-Bs‚ `mjm-a-cym-Z-I-fn¬ H∂mWv CØcw
{]tbm-K-߃. `mcybpw `¿Øm-hp-ambn ˛hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w-sIm-t≠m, ac-Ww-sImt≠m
th¿s]´t- ijw `mcy°v as‰mcp hnhml- _- ‘- Ø- n¬ G¿s∏S- ph- m≥ ]mSn√- ms- X, \n¿_-
‘a- mbpw Ahƒ ImØnc- nt- °≠- p∂ ImeØ- n\- mWv "C±x' () F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. EXp-
Imew FØmØ- h- f- pw, EXpI- mew Ign™- h- fpw apΩq∂v amkh- pw, EXpa- X- nI- ƒ aq∂v
EXpI- m-e-hpw, K¿`nW- n-Iƒ {]khw hsc-bpw, `¿Ømhv acW- s- ∏´- h- ƒ \mep-amk- hpw
]Øv Znhk- hpw "C±x' BNc- nt- °≠- X- p≠- v. ap≥hnh- ml- Ø- n¬ K¿`w D≠mb- n´- pt≠m
F∂v ]cnt- im[- n°- e- mWv C±xb- psS Dt±i- yß- f- n¬ {][m\- a- mb- X- .v ]nXr_- ‘- Ø- n¬
Ie¿t∏m kwi-btam D≠m-tb-°p-∂Xv CkvemanI ZrjvSym hºn® B]-Øm-W-
t√m. hnhml- Ø- n\- vtijw h[qh- c- ≥am¿ XΩn¬ kao]- \w D≠mI- mX- nc- n°- p∂ ]£w
hnhml- t- amN- \- Ø- ns‚ t]cn¬ C±x Bhi- ya- n√ F∂mWv BbØ- ns‚ kmcw.
"\nßtfmSv Ah¿°v _m[yX- b- n√- .' () F∂pw \n߃ FÆn°- W- °- m°- p∂
C±x' () F∂pa- p≈ {]tbmK- Ø- n¬ Nne kqN\- I- f- p≠:v k{v Xo C±x BNc- n°- p-
∂Xv ]pcp-js‚ Hc-h-Imiw hI-sh®v sImSp°-em-Wv. CXv kv{XoI-fpsS IS-a-bm-Wv.
k¥m\- Ø- ns‚ hwi_- ‘w ]nXmh- pa- mb- n´- mW- p≈- X- .vC- ±- xb- psS Imew samØ°- W- °- n¬
]q¿Ønb- m°- nb- m¬ t]mcm, IrXya- mb- nØ- s∂ ]q¿Ønb- m°- Ww Fs∂ms- °b- mW- X- .v
hnhm-l-tam-N\w \nanØw `¿Øm-hp-ambn th¿s]Sp-tºmƒ D≠m-Ip∂ kzm`m-hn-
Ia- mb Akzmÿ- yØ- n∂v Hcp Xm¬°me- nI Bizmk- s- a∂ \ne°v `¿Ømhv `mcy°v sImSp-
t°≠- X- p≈ hn`h- Ø- n\- mWv "apXAv Ø'v F∂v ]db- p∂- X- .v CXv F{Xb- ms- W∂v \n¿W-
bn°- s- ∏´- n´- n√- . ]cnX- xÿ- nX- nb- \- pk- c- n®v CXv IW°- mt- °≠- nb- nc- n°- p∂- p. kq: A¬_I- zdxbn¬
]d-bp∂p:
˛
kmcw: "Ah¿°v ˛hnhml- t- amN- \w sNøs- ∏´ k{v XoIƒ°v ˛\nß- ƒ "apØAv Ø'v
sImSp°- pI- bpw sNøW- w. Ignh- p≈- h- \v Ahs‚ km≤yX A\pk- c- n®- pw, XnSp°- °- mc- \v
Ahs‚ Ignh- \- pk- c- n®pw _m[yX- b- p≠- v, CXns- \Ø- pS- ¿∂p≈ (A¬_I- zdxbnse)
BbØ- n¬, kv]¿i\- Ø- n\- v a- pºv hnhml- t- amN- \w sNøs- ∏S- p∂ kv{Xo°v "alv¿' (hn-
hml- a- qe- yw) \n¿Wb- n°- s- ∏´- n´- ps- ≠¶- n¬ AXns‚ ]IpXn sImSp°- W- s- a∂v hy‡a- m-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
°nb- nc- n°- p∂- p. am{Xa- √- , Cßs\ ]IpXn "al¿v ' sImSp°- s- ∏S- p∂- h- ƒ°v "apXA-v Ø'v sImSp-
°¬ \n¿_‘- a- ns- √∂pw B BbØ- pI- f- n¬\n∂v a\ - ne- m°- ph- m≥ Ignb- pw. BIb- m¬,
k]v ¿i\- Ø- n\- pa- pºv hnhml- t- amN- \w \¬Is- ∏S- p∂- h- ƒ°v "apXA-v Ø'v sImSp°- W- s- a∂
\n¿_‘- w, Ahƒ°v al¿v \n¿Wb- n°- s- ∏S- mØ- t- ∏mg- ms- W∂- pw, "al¿v ' \n¿Wb- n°- s- ∏-
SmØ- ]- £w Ahƒ°v "apØA-v Ø'v am{Xta \n¿_‘- a- mbn sImSpt- °≠Xp≈- qsh∂- pw,
a\ - ne- m°- mh- p∂- X- mI- p∂- p. IqSpX- ¬ hniZ- oI- c- W- Ø- n\v A¬_I- zdx 236, 241 Bb-
ØpI- f- psS hnhc- Ww t\m°pI- .
`wKnbmb \neb- n¬ ]ncn®- ph- nS- Ww () F∂v ]d™- Xv {]tXyIw
{i≤m¿la- mW- .v `¿Ømh- n\pw `mcy°- pa- nS- b- ne- p≈ s]cpa- m‰- ®- ´- Ø- ns‚ Npcp°- w˛ Izp¿-
Bs‚ `mjb- n¬ (k-Zm-Nmc acym-Z-b-\p-k-cn-®p-sh-®p-sIm-
≠nc- n°- pI- , As√¶- n¬ KpWI- c- a- mb \ne°v ]ncn®- b- °- pI) F∂p≈- X- mW.v tZlØ- nt- em,
am\-Øn-tem, kzc-Øn-tem, Ah-Im-i-Øntem H∂pw-Xs∂ bmsXmcp A\o-Xnbpw
ssIIS- Ø- epw hcms- Xbmb- nc- n°- Ww `mcya- msc ]ncn®- ph- nS- p∂- X- v.
50 tl, \_ntb, \o {]Xn-^-
eß- ƒ [hnhm-l-aq-ey-߃] sImSp-
Øn´- p≈- h- c- mb \ns‚ `mcya- msc \mw
\n\°v A\ph- Z- \- ob- a- m°- nØ- ∂- nc- n-
°p∂p; A√mlp \n\°v "ss^B'°n
[bp≤-Øn¬ ssIh iw hcpØn]
Ø∂h- c- n¬ \n∂pw \ns‚ hess¶
DSa- b- m°- nb- n´- p≈- Xpw [ASn-a-kv{Xo-I-
sf-bpw], \ns‚ H∂n®p (cmPyw
XyPn-®p) lnPvdx-t]m-∂-h-cmb
\ns‚ ]nXr-hy-]p-{Xn-am-sc-bpw,
AΩm-bn-I-fpsS ]p{Xn-I-sfbpw,
\ns‚ AΩm-as‚ ]p{Xn-I-sf-bpw,
\ns‚ Cf-b-Ω˛ aqØ-Ω-am-cpsS
]p{Xn-I-sf-bpw.
kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-bmb Hcp
kv{Xo Ah-fpsS kz¥w tZlw
\_n°v Zm\w \¬Ins- b¶- n¬, \_n
Ahsf hnhmlw sNbsv XS- p°- ph- m≥
Dt±i- n°- p∂ ]£w˛ kXyh- ni- zmk- n-
Iƒ°n√- msX\n\°vam{Xa- mb- p≈- s- X∂
\ne°- v˛ Ahs- fbpw (A\- ph- Z- n®- nc- n-
°p∂- p).
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
Xo¿®b- mbpw \ap°- d- nb- mw, Ah-
cpsS `mcya- mc- ps- Sb- pw, Ahc- psS he-
ss¶I- ƒ DSa- b- m°- nb- X- ns‚ [ASn-a-I-
fpsS]bpw ImcyØ- n¬ Ahc- psS ta¬
\mw \nba- n®- nc- n°- p∂sX¥ms- W∂- ,v
\ns‚-ta¬ bmsXmcp hnj-ahpw
D≠mI- mX- nc- n°- ph- m≥ th≠nb- mI- p-
∂p (Cs- X√mw \n\°v A\ph- Z- n®- X- )v .
A√mlp hfsc s]mdp°- p∂- h- \pw
Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
50 tl, \_ntb \mw A\p-h-Zn®p X∂n-cn-°p∂p,
"lemem'°nbn´p≠v \n\°v \ns‚ `mcy-amsc \o sImSp-Øn-´p-
≈h- c- mb Ah-cpsS {]Xn-^-e-ßsf DSa- b- m°- nb- X- pw, A[o\- a- m-
°nb- Xpw \ns‚ hess¶ bmsXm∂- n¬\n∂v A- √- mlp "ss^B'°nØ-
∂, bp≤Ø- n¬ ssIhi- s- ∏S- pØ- nØ- ∂ \n\°v \ns‚ ]nXr-hys‚
]p{XnI- s- fbpw \ns‚ AΩmb- na- mcpsS ]p{XnI- s- fbpw \ns‚
AΩm-hs‚ ]p{Xn-I-sfbpw \ns‚ Cf-b-Ω-˛aq-Ø-Ω-I-fpsS ]p{Xn-I-
sfbpw lnPvdx h∂-h-cmb \ns‚ H∂n®v kXy-hn-izm-
kn-\n-bmb kv{Xosbbpw Ahƒ Zm\w \¬Inb- m¬ Ah-fpsS tZlw,
Ah-sf-Øs∂ \_n°v \_n Dt±i- n®- m¬ Ahsf
hnhmlw sNbsv XS- p°- ph- m≥ \n\°v am{Xa- p≈- X- mb- n´v kXy-
hni- zmk- nI- ƒ°n√- ms- X, (IqS- ms- X) Xo¿®b- mbpw \ap°- d- nb- mw, Adn™- n´- p≠v
\mw \nba- n®- n´- p≈- X- ,v \nba- nt- °≠- Xv Ahc- psS ta¬ Ah-
cpsS `mcy-am-cn¬ DSa- b- m°- nb- X- nepw Ah-cpsS he-ss¶-Iƒ
D≠mI- mX- nc- n°- ph- m≥ th≠n \n\°- ,v \ns‚t- a¬ Hcp hnj-
ahpw (CS- p°- h- pw) A√mlp BIp∂p hfsc s]mdp°- p∂- h- ≥, IcpW- m-
\n[n Icp-Wm-\n[n
\_n °v hnhmlw sNøm≥ A\ph- Z- n°- s- ∏´ k{v XoIƒ GsXms- °b- ms- W∂v hnh-
cn°- p∂- X- mWv Cu hN-\w.
1) \_n alv¿ sImSpØp hnhmlw Ign® \neh- ne- p≈ `mcya- m¿ Xs∂.
2) "ss^B'bn e`n® ˛A-Yhm bp≤-Øn¬ i{Xp-`m-K-Øv\n∂v ssIhiw h∂˛
ASna- k- v{XoI- f- n¬ \_n bpsS DSa- ÿ- X- b- ne- p≈- h- ¿.
3) ]nXr-hy≥, AΩmh≥, AΩm-bn, Cfb- Ω- ˛ aqØΩ F∂nh- c- psS s]¨a-°-fn¬
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
\_n -bpsS IqsS aZo-\-xbnt- e°v lnPdv x-t]m-∂-h¿. Cu aq∂v C\w kv{XoIfpw
\_n s°∂- t- ]mse a‰p≈ kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°pw A\ph- Z- \- obw Xs∂b- mI- p∂- p.
4) kXyh- ni- zmkw kzoIc- n® kv{XoIf- n¬ Bsc¶- nepw \_n °v Xs‚ tZlsØ
Zm\a- m°- pI- b- pw, \_n Ahsf hnhml- ws- NbXv p kzoIc- n°- ph- m≥ Dt±i- n°- pI- bpw
sNøp∂- ]- £w AØcw k{v XoIƒ. HSph- n¬ ]d™ Cu C\w \_n °- v am{Xw A\p-
h-Z-\o-b-am-b-Xpw, a‰m¿°pw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.
()
\_n b- psS an° `mcya- m¿°pw 12 1/2 "DuIznbx' sh≈n (*)bmbnc- p∂ al¿v \n›-
bn°- s- ∏´- nc- p∂- X- .v DΩpl_- o_x (d)b- psS hnhmlw A_ok- o\- ob- mb- n¬sh®v \÷- min
(s\-Km-io) cmPmhv apJm-¥-c-amWv D≠m-b-Xv. \_n °v t- h≠n At±lw Ah¿°v
400 Zo\m¿ (s]m≥]W- w) alv¿ sImSpØ- p. k^nøx (d) , Ppsshc- nøx (d) F∂n-h-
cpsS alv¿ Ahsc ASna- Ø- Ø- n¬\n∂v Xncpt- a\n tamNn∏- n®- ps- ImS- pØ- ps- h∂- p≈- -
Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu c≠pt- ]cpw bp≤Ø- n¬ Nnd]- nS- n°- s- ∏´- h- c- mb- nc- p∂- p.
"hess¶ DSa- b- m°- nb- h- ¿' F∂v ]d™- Xv kz¥w DSa- ÿ- X- b- ne- p≈ ASna- I- sf Dt±i- n-
®m-Ip-∂p. (Cu {]tbmK- s- Ø°- pd- n®v kq: apAa-v n\- q\v tija- p≈ hymJym\- °- pd- n∏- n¬
\mw hnhc- n®- pI- g- n™- X- mW- .v ASna- Ø- sØ kw_‘- n®v ]e hnhc- ß- f- pw kq: aplΩ- -
Zn¬ ImWmw. )bp≤Ø- n¬sh®v "ss^Bbn' e`n°- p∂- h- ¿˛ AYhm bp≤-
Øn¬ Nnd]- nS- n°- s- ∏´p A[o\- Ø- n¬ h∂h- ¿˛ F∂v ASna- I- sf hntij- n∏- n®- X- ps- Im≠v
Hcmƒ°v Zm\a- mbn e`n®- t- Xm, Abmƒ hne°v hmßnb- tXm Bb ASna- k- {v XoI- ƒ Xosc
A\ph- Z- \- ob- a- √ F∂pt- ±i- yam°- n°- qS- mØ- X- mW- .v ImcW- w, Cßs- \b- p≈ ASna- I- f- ps- S
DSa- ÿ- X- bpw Ckev man¬ AwKoI- c- n°- s- ∏´- n´- p≈- X- mW- .v \_n Xncpt- a\n -bpsS Zº-Xn-
bm-bn-cp∂ amcnbx () F∂ alXn Hcp ASn-a-kv{Xo-bm-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m.
CuPn-]vXnse `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp∂ apIzuIznkv Xncp-ta-\n°v Ahsc kΩm-\-
ambn Ab-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-cn-emWv Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ]p{X≥ C_vdmlow
P\n-®-Xpw. Cu kqdØv AhX- c- n-®X- n\- v tij- a- mb- n-cp∂p AXv. At∏mƒ, "A√mlp
\n\°v ss^B-°n-Ø-∂n-´p≈'
( ) F∂v hntij- n∏- n®- Xv ASna- I- f- psS D¤ h- s- Øb- pw, ASna- I- f- n¬sh®v
IqSpX- ¬ DØa- a- mb hIp∏- ns- \bpw Nq≠n°mWn®- X- ms- W∂v a\ - ne- m°- mw. \_n °wp
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw "ss^Dv' A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°n-bXv A√mlp Ah¿°v
sNbvXpsImSpØ Hcp A\p{- K-l-ams- W∂ kqN\bpw AXne- -Sß- n-bnc- n°- p-∂p. bp≤-
Øn¬ e`n°- p∂ kzØp°- ƒ () apºp≈ \_na- m¿°v A\ph- Z- n°- s- ∏´- nc- p∂- ns- √∂- pw,
AXv \_n °v kn≤n® {]tXyI- X- I- f- n¬ H∂ms- W∂pw Xncpt- a\n {]kvXmh- n®- -
Xmbn {][m\ lZoYv {KŸß- f- ns- e√mw ImWmh- p∂- X- mW- .v
Nne aXÿ- ¿ hfsc AI∂ IpSpw_- _- ‘w t]mepa- p≈ k{v XoIsf hnhmlw sNøm-
dn√- . a‰v Nne aXÿ- ¿ ktlmZ- c- k- t- lmZ- c- na- mc- psS a°s- ft- ∏mepw hnhmlw \SØ- md- p-
ap≠- v. CkvemamI- s- ´, c≠n\- pa- nS- b- n¬ Hcp a≤y\- ne AwKoI- c- n®- nc- n°- pI- b- mWv. amXm-
]nX- m°- f- psS t\sc ktlmZ- c- k- t- lmZ- c- na- msc At\ym\yw hnhml- _- ‘w ]mSn√- mØ
(*) DuIznbx ()°v 40 Zn¿lw (sh≈- n∏- W- w) BIp∂- p.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
ASpØ _‘p°- f- mb- pw, Ahc- psS a°s- fb- pw, Ahs- c°- mƒ AI∂- h- s- cbpw ]ck- ]v cw
hnhml_‘Ø- nt- e¿s∏S- mh- p∂ IpSpw_- ß- f- mb- pw Ckev mw KWn°- p∂- p. "\ns‚ ]nXr-
hy-s‚bpw AΩm-bn-I-fp-sS-bpw, AΩm-h-s‚bpw Cf-b-Ω-˛aq-Ø-Ω-am-cp-sSbpw ]p{Xn-
ams- cbpw' F∂v {]tXyIw FSpØv ]d™- Xv Cu hkXv pX hy‡a- m°- nb- X- mI- p∂- p.
Chs- c°- pd- n®v "\ns‚ H∂n®v lnPdv x t]m∂-h-cmb ( )' F∂pw hnti-
jn∏- n®- nc- n°- p∂- ph- t- √m. Cu C\ß- f- n¬ A∂v aZo\- xb- n¬ \neh- ne- p≠- mb- nc- p∂ k{v XoIƒ
°a xbn¬ \n∂p≈ lnPdv -xbn¬ ]s¶S- pØ- h- c- mb- nc- p∂- p. am{Xa- √- , A°me- Øv in¿°ns‚
\mSp-Ifn ()¬ \n∂v Ckvemans\ AwKo-I-cn®- h- ¿ Ckvemans‚ \m´n(
)t- e°v lnPdv x t]mtc≠- Xpw D≠mb- nc- p∂p. B \ne°v Ckveman\- v t- h≠n IjvS\- -
jSv ß- f- pw XymKß- fpw kln®- ph- c- p∂ B k{v XoIƒ°v a‰p≈- h- s- c°- mƒ ap≥KW- \
\¬tI≠X- pa- p≠- .v Cu hntij- W- ws- Im≠- pt- ±iyw CsXms- °b- mW- v. A√msX, lnPvdx
t]mcmØ- h- sc hnhmlw sNøm≥ ]mSns- √∂v hntcm[- n°- pI- b- √ CXps- Im≠- pt- ±i- yw.
Ckveman\v hnPbw ssIh-∂-Xn\v tijw ASn-b-¥n-c-L´w t\cn-´m-e-√m-sX˛ lnPvdx-
bn√ () F∂p≈- Xpw kvacWob- a- mI- p∂- p. ]t£, \_n sb kw_‘- n-
®n-S-tØmfw lnPvd-xbn¬ ]¶p≈ IpSpw_- ß- sf am{Xta hnhmlw Ign°- mhq F∂pw
hcm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ()
Ah-km-\sØ C\w kv{XoIsf \_n °v {]tXyI- a- mbn A√mlp A\ph- Z- n®v
sImSpØ- X- ms- W∂v A√ml- pX- s∂ hy‡a- m°- nb- nc- n°- p∂- p. BIb- m¬, GsX¶- nepw
Hcp kv{Xo X\n°v alvdns‚ Bhi- ya- ns- √∂- pw, Xs‚ tZlw Zm\a- mb- nØ- c- p∂- ps- h∂pw
]d™- m¬, Ahsf B \ne°v `mcyb- mbn kzoIc- n°- ph- m≥ Hcp apkev nan\pw ]mSp≈- X- √- .
Aßs- \b- p≈ hnhml- _- ‘w Ckev manI ZrjSv nb- n¬ km[ph- pa- √- . BZysØ aq∂v C\w
kv{XoI-sf-°p-dn®pw {]kvXm-hn-®-t∏mƒ˛
\_n sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠v˛ "\ns‚' F∂pw "\n\°v' F∂p-am-bn-cp∂p
{]tbm-Kw. Cu C\-sØ-°p-dn®v {]kvXm-hn-®-t∏mƒ ssien-bn¬ A√mlp
am‰w hcp-Øn-bXv t\m°p-I. "\_n°v Ah-fpsS tZlw Zm\w \¬In-sb-¶n¬'
F∂pw, "\_n Ahsf hnhmlw sNbvXp kzoIc- n°- m≥ Dt±i- ns- ®¶- n¬' F∂pw
() BWt√m Chn-SsØ hmN-Iw. ap≥ssi-en-b-
\pk- c- n®- ms- W¶- n¬ "\o' F∂pw "\n\°v' F∂pw ]dt- b≠- X- mb- nc- p∂- p. \_n Hcp
{]hmN- I- s- \∂ \ne°- pw˛ Xmsg hcp∂ BbØ- pI- f- n¬ \n∂pw BCix (d)bpsS
{]kvXmh- \- b- n¬ \n∂v hy‡a- mI- p∂- X- pt- ]ms- e˛ Xncpt- a\- n°v A√mlp sImSpØ- c- p-
fnb {]tXyI- X- I- f- n¬ Hs∂∂- \- ne- °- pa- mWv Cu A\p-hmZw F∂s{X Cu {]tbmKw
ImWn°- p∂- X- .v kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- sf kw_‘- n®- nS- t- Ømfw \_n Ahc- psS kz¥w tZl-
sØ°- mƒ _‘s- ∏´- h- \- mW- v ( ) F∂p≈ 6˛mw hN\w ChnsS
A\p-kva-c-Wo-b-am-Wv. \_n bpsS `mcyb- mbn Pohn°- ph- m≥˛ kz¥w AhI- mi- -
ßsf AhK- W- n®- ps- Im≠- v˛ Hcp kv{Xo Bthi- hpw At]£- bpw ka¿∏n°- pt- ºmƒ
AXv Ahf- psS kX- yh- ni- zmk- Ø- ns- ‚bpw, XymKa\xÿ- nX- nb- ps- Sbpw Bgs- Øb- mW- t√m
ImWn°- p∂- X- .v Ahf- psS At]£ \nck- n°- p∂- Xv F{Xa- m{Xw k- ¶- S- a- mb- nc- n°pw?! \p_p-
∆Ø- ns‚ ]Zh- ns- b°- pd- n®v kmam\yw Adnt- hm, kXyh- ni- zmk- Ø- ns‚ a[pc- na- tbm kn≤n-
°mØ- h- ¿°v am{Xta CXne- S- ß- nb bp‡nc- l- k- ys- Ø∏- ‰n kwib- n°- ph- m≥ AhI- mi- -
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
ap≈- q.-
\_n bpsS `mcy-am-cn¬ Hcm-fmb kuZx (d)sb Ahn-Sp∂v hnhm-l-tam-N\w
sNøm≥ Dt±i- n°- pI- b- p≠- mb- n. Xs∂ hnhml- t- amN- \w sNøc- ps- X∂- pw, X\n°v bmsXm-
ch- I- mi- hpw hIs- h®p Xtc≠- X- ns- √∂- pw, Xncpta\- nb- psS `mcya- mc- n¬ Hcmf- mb- ns- °m≠v
"alvidn'¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sp-I-am-{X-amWv Xs‚ Dt±-iy-sa∂pw B alXn Xncp-ta-\n-tbm-
S-t]£n®p. AX-\p-k-cn®v \_n Ahc- psS ASp°- ¬ Xmak- n°- md- p≠- mb- nc- p∂ Dugw
Ah¿ BCix (d)-bpsS DugØ- n¬ Iq´nt- ®¿Øp. kz¥w tZlsØ \_n °vZm\w
sNbvX Hcp alXnbmbn-cp∂p Juex (d). hfsc kZvhr-Ø-bmb Hcp al-Xn-bm-bn-
cp∂p Ah¿. thsdbpw Nne kv{XoIƒ \_n °v kzbw Zm\w sNbXv X- mbn \nth-
Z-\-߃ h∂n-´p-≠v. F¶n-epw, Cßs\ Zm\w-sNbvX Hcp kv{Xobp-ambn Xncp-ta\n
ZmºX- yk- º- ¿°w D≠mb- n´- ns- √∂v Camw AkvIze- m\o (d) apXe- mb- h- ¿ {]kvXmh- n-
®nc- n°- p∂- p. ()
BCix (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn Camw _pJm-cn-bpw, apkvenapw (d) C{]-Imcw
\nthZ- \w sNbXv nc- n°- p∂- p: \_n °v kz¥w tZlsØ Zm\w \¬Ip∂ k{v XoIs- f-
°pd- n®v F\n°v tZzjyw tXm∂md- p≠- mb- nc- p∂- p. Hcp kv{Xo Ahf- psS tZlsØ Zm\w
sImSp°- pI- tbm?! F∂v Rm≥ ]d™- nc- p∂- p. Aßs- \, F∂p≈ (AS- p-
Ø) Izp¿-B≥h-N\w Ah-X-cn-®-t∏mƒ Rm≥ ]d-™p-t]mbn:
(Aß- b- psS d∫v Aßb- psS CjSv Ø- n¬ [rXn Iq´p∂- X- mb- n-
´√- msX F\n°v ImWpa- md- mI- p∂- n√!) kz¥w tZlsØ \_n °v Zm\w \¬Im≥
Hcp kv{Xo k∂≤- b- mI- p∂- Xv B kv{Xo°v Xncpt- a\- nb- psS `mcym]- Z- hn kn≤n°- ph- m-
\p≈ AXym{- Kl- ws- Im≠v am{Xa- ms- W∂v A\kv (d) Xs‚ aIt- fmSv ]d™- X- mbn Camw-
_pJmc- nb- pw AlvaZpw (d) \nthZ- \w sNøp∂- p. hnhmlw Ign°- p∂- X- ne- pw, ASna- -
kv{XoI- sf ZºX- na- mc- mbn kzoIc- n°- p∂- X- nepw kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ thsdbpw ]e \nb-
aß- f- pw, acymZ- I- fpw ]ment- °≠- X- p≠- .v \men¬ IqSpX- ¬ `mcya- msc B¿°pw hnhmlw
Ign®- pI- qS- m, al¿v sImSp°- ¬ F√mh- ¿°pw \n¿_‘- a- mW- .v km£nI- ƒ thWw, ssIIm-
cy°- mc- ≥˛ "henø- v˛ thWw, Cßs\ ]eX- pw. ChnsS AsXm∂pw hnhc- n®- n´- n√- . Izp¿-
B\- nse a‰v Nne hN\- ß- f- n¬\n∂- pw, \_nN- c- yb- n¬\n∂pw AXv a\ - ne- mt- °≠- nb- n-
cn°- p∂- p. "Ahc- psS `mcya- mc- ps- Sbpw hess¶ DSa- b- m°- nb- h- c- ps- Sbpw ImcyØ- n¬ \nb-
an-®n-´p-≈Xv \ap-°-dn-bmw.
() F∂v ]d™- X- ns‚ Xm¬]cyw CsXms- °b- mW- .v XpS¿∂ps- Im≠v \_n
sb kw_‘- n®v hnhml- h- nj- b- Ø- n¬ Nne {]tXyI \nba- ß- fpw hn´ph- og- vNbpw
G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p≈ ImcWw A√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´n-bXv t\m°pI:
(\ns- ‚ ta¬ bmsXmcp hnja- hpw D≠mI- mX- nc- n°- ph- m≥ th≠nb- m-
Wv.) \_n Xncpt- a\- n°v A√ml- ph- n¶- e- p≈ ÿm\]- Z- hn F{Xa- m{Xw alØ- c- a- ms- W∂v
Cu hmIyØ- n¬\n∂pw, ASpØ hN\- Ø- n¬\n∂- pw˛ A√, Cu kqdx-bnse ]e Bb-
Øp-I-fn¬\n-∂pw˛ Gsd-°psd Duln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. A√mlp
]d-bp∂p:˛
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
51 Ahc- n¬ [`mcya- mc- n¬] \n∂v
\o Dt±i- n°- p∂- h- sc ]nt∂m´v (am‰- n)
\ndpØmw; \o Dt±-in-°p∂hsc
\n∂nt- e°v ASp∏- n®- ps- Im≈- pI- bpw
sNømw. \o hn´p-\n-dp-Øn-b-h-cn¬
Bscs- b¶- nepw \o Bhi- ys- ∏S- p∂- -
Xmb- mepw \n\°v sX‰n√- . Ahc- psS
IÆp-Iƒ Ipfn¿°p-hm-\pw, Ah¿
hyk\- n°- mX- nc- n°- ph- m\- pw, \o Ah¿°v
sImSpØX- ps- Im≠v Ah¿ ˛Ah- s- c-
√m-h-cpw˛ Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-hm\pw IqSp-
X¬ ASp-∏-amb [kuI-cy-{]-Z-
amb]XmW-Xv.
\nßf- psS lrZb- ß- f- ne- p≈- X- ns\
A√mlp Adn-bp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.
A√mlp k¿∆⁄- \- pw, kl\- a- p≈- h- \- p-
am-Ip-∂p.
51 \n\°v ]nt∂m´v \ndpØ- mw, ]n¥n°mw \o Dt±i- n°- p∂- h- sc
Ahc- n¬ \n∂v \n\°v ASp∏- n°- pI- bpw sNømw, AW∏- n°mw \n¶t- e°v
\o Dt±i- n°- p∂- h- sc GsXm-cm-sf, Bsc-sb-¶nepw \o Bh-iy-
s∏´- m¬, \n\°v thWs- a∂- ps- h®- m¬ \o hn´p-\n-dp-Ønb (A-I-‰n-sh-®)-h-
cn¬ \n∂v F∂m¬ sX‰n√ \ns‚ ta¬ AXv IqSpX- ¬ ASp∏- w (-
kuI- cyw) D≈X- mWv Ipfn¿°ph- m≥ (ka- m[- m\- n°- ph- m≥) Ah-cpsS IÆp-
Iƒ Ah¿ hyk\- n°- mX- nc- n°- ph- m\pw Ah¿ Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-hm\pw
\o Ah¿°v sImSpØ- X- ps- Im≠v Ahs- c√- mh- cpw A√mlp
Adn-bp∂p \nßf- psS lrZb- ß- f- ne- p≈- Xv A√mlp BIp∂p
k¿∆⁄- ≥ kl\- a- p≈- h- ≥
\_n °v CjSv s- ∏´- h- c- pa- mbn hnhml- _- ‘w XpSc- mw. A√mØ- h- sc hnhml- t- am-
N\w \¬In hnSmw. \neh- ne- p≈ `mcya- m¿°nS- b- n¬˛ C∂n∂ Znhk- ß- f- n¬ C∂n∂- h- -
cpsS IqsS Xmak- n°- pI F∂v Dugw \n›b- n°- mw. CXn¬\n∂v Hgnh- m°- W- s- a∂v tXm∂p-
∂h- sc Hgnh- m°- pI- bpw sNømw Fs∂ms- °b- mWv "\o Dt±i- n°- p∂- h- sc ]nt∂m´v am‰n
\n¿ØpI- b- pw, Dt±i- n°- p∂- h- sc \n∂nt- e°v ASp∏- n°- pI- bpw sNømw' F∂v ]d™- X- ns‚
kmcw. H∂ne- [- nIw `mcya- mc- p≈- h- ¿ Ah¿°nS- b- n¬ Xmak- Ø- n\v kaa- mbn Dugw \n›-
bn°- ¬\n¿_‘- a- mW- .v \_n sb kw_‘- n®nStØmfw AXv \n¿_‘- a- ns- √∂- pw, bp‡w-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
t]mse sNøms- a∂pw CXn¬\n∂v a\ - ne- m°- mw. CX\- pk- c- n®v Xncpt- a\n Nne `mcy-
amsc DugØ- ns‚ \n¿_‘- Ø- n¬\n∂v Hgnh- m°- ns- b∂pw, ]t£, AXv {]mh¿ØnI- a- m-
°msX ho≠pw Dugw ]men°- pI- X- s∂ sNbvXnc- p∂- ps- h∂pw _eh- Ø- mb lZoY- pI- -
fn¬ ImWmh- p∂- X- mW- v. Camw AlvaZv (d) apXe- mb- h- ¿ D≤c- n® Hcp lZoY- n¬ BCix
(d) ]d-bp∂p: \_n AhnS- psØ `mcya- m¿°nS- b- n¬ (Znh- k- ß- ƒ) `mKn°- pI- bpw,
AXn¬ \oXn ]men°- pI- bpw sNbvXnc- p∂- p. F∂n´pw AhnS- p∂v Cßs\ ]db- pa- mb- n-
cp∂p: (A√- ml- pt- h, Fs‚ A[o\- Ø- n¬s∏´
ImcyØ- ne- p≈ Fs‚ {]hrØ- nb- mW- nX- .v \ns‚ A[o\- Ø- ne- p≈- X- pw, Fs‚ A[o\- -
Øne- √- mØ- X- pa- mb ImcyØ- n¬ \o Fs∂ Ip‰s- ∏S- pØ- c- ptX!)
hnhml- t- amN- \w \¬Inb- h- sc ho≠pw hnhml- Ø- nt- e°v aS°n FSp°- pI- b- pw, Dug-
Øn¬\n∂v Hgnh- m°- nb- h- ¿°v ho≠pw Dugw hIs- h®- ps- ImS- p°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- X- n\v hntcm-
[a- n√ F∂mWv BbØ- nse ASpØ- h- mIyw ImWn°- p∂- X- v. AYhm \_n Xncpt- a\n
°v bp‡h- pw, lnXhpw A\pk- c- n®v {]h¿Øn®- ps- Im≈- ph- m≥ A√mlp A\ph- mZw
\¬Inb- nc- n°- p∂- p. AXps- Im≠v GsX¶- nepw Hcp kv{Xosb AI‰- n\- nd- pØ- nb- X- nt- em,
as‰-hsf ASp-∏n®- X- ntem Xncpt- a\- nb- ps- St- a¬ Bt£]- -Øn\v hgnb- n-√. C∂{- ]-Im-
cta sNømhq F∂v \n¿_‘w \n›b- n®- n´- n√- t√m. Xncpt- a\- nb- ms- W¶- n¬ \oXn°pw acym-
Z°pw FXnc- mbn H∂pw {]h¿Øn°- p∂ Bfpa- √- . At∏mƒ, `mcya- mc- psS ImcyØ- n¬
AhnS- p∂v kzoIc- n°- p∂ \bß- s- f√mw HuZmc- y]- q¿∆a- mb- nc- n°- pw. Xncpt- a\- nb- psS `mcy-
am-cm-I-s´, sFln-I-kp-J-ku-I-cy-ß-sf-°mƒ A√m-lp-hn-s‚-bpw, dkq-en-s‚bpw
{]oXnsb e£ya- m°n \nes- Im≈- p∂- h- c- mWv Xm\pw. Npcp°- Ø- n¬, \_n °vt- a¬
{]kvXmh- n® kzmX{¥yw A√mlp hn´ps- ImS- pØ- ps- Im≠v AhnS- psØ `mcya- m¿°v
kt¥mj- hpw a\ - a- m[- m\- hpw D≠mI- ph- mt\ AhI- mi- a- p≈- q. AhI- mi- h- mZ- ß- ƒ ]pd-
s∏S- ph- n°- ph- mt- \m, AXns‚ t]cn¬ hg°pw ]nW°- hpw D≠m°- ph- mt\m ]ns∂ ]gpX- p-
≠mb- nc- n°- p∂- X- pa- √- . "Ahc- psS IÆpI- ƒ Ipfn¿°ph- m\pw' () F∂v
XpS-ßnb hmIy-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ Camw C_v\p-P-co¿ (d), C_v\p-I-Yo¿ (d)
apXe- mb- - {][m\ Izp¿B- ≥ hymJymX- m°- s- f√mw kzoIc- n®- X- pw, Izp¿B- s‚ hmIy-
ßt- fmSpw lZoY- pI- t- fmSpw IqSpX- ¬ A\pt- bmP- yh- pa- mb hnhc- W- a- mWv apIf- n¬ I≠-
Xv. Cu hmIy-Øn\v Nne¿ thsd hymJym\w \¬In-bn-´p-s≠-¶nepw AXv i‡-am-bn-
tØm∂- p∂- n√- .
28 apX¬ 34 IqSnb BbØ- pI- f- n¬ \_n b- psS `mcya- ms- c°- pd- n®v ]eXpw {]kXv m-
hn®- p. sFlnI- k- pJ- ß- sf Dt±i- n°- p∂- h- ¿°v \_n sb hn´p]- nc- n™- pt- ]mb- ns- °m≈- m-
sa∂pw, A√mØ- h- ¿ Xncpt- a\- ns- bm∂- n®v A®S- °- t- ØmSpw A\pk- c- W- t- bmS- pwI- qSn
Pohn-°-W-sa∂pw Adn-bn-®p. Ah-cpsS D∂-X-]-Z-hn-I-sf-bpw, Ah-cpsS IS-a-I-sfbpw
hnhc- n°- pI- bpw sNbXv p. 50˛- mw hN\- Ø- n¬ \_n °v hnhmlw sNømh- p∂ k{v XoIƒ
GsX√ms- a∂v hy‡a- m°n. XpS¿∂sv Im≠v CjSv s- ∏´ `mcya- msc kzoIc- n°- ph- m\pw
A√mØhsc hnt´°- ph- m\pw a‰pa- p≈ kzmX{- ¥yß- ƒ Xncpt- a\- n°v \¬IpI- bpw sNbXv p.
F\n, Ct∏mƒ \_n s- bm∂- n®v \neh- ne- p≠- mb- nc- n°- p∂ `mcya- ms- c√- mwX- s∂, ]ncn-
™pt- ]mI- pI- t- bm, ]ncn®- ph- nS- pI- tbm sNtø≠- p∂ Bhi- ya- n√- mØ- h- c- pw, acW- wh- sc
\_n bpsS `mcya- mc- m-bnc- n°- ph- m≥ XnI®pw A¿l-cmb `mKy-hX- nI- fpw Bbnc- n-
°pa- t- √m.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
52 tijw (C\- nt- ae- n¬) \n\°v
k{v XoIƒ [`mcy-am¿] A\p-h-Z-\o-b-
amI- p∂- X- √; (]pX- pX- mb- n) h√ `mcy-
ams- cbpw Ch¿°v ]Icw kzoIc- n°- p-
Ibpw ]mSn-√˛ Ah-cpsS \≥a (A-
Yhm kuµc- yw) \ns∂ B›c- ys- ∏-
Sp-Øn-bmepw icn; \ns‚ hess¶
DSa- s- ∏S- pØ- nb- h- s- cmg- ns- I, (Ah- sc
kzoIc- n°- mw.) A√mlp F√m Imcy-
sØ°- pd- n®pw ho£n®- ps- Im≠- nc- n°- p-
∂-h-\m
-Ip-∂p.
52 \n\°v A\ph- Z- \- ob- a- mI- b- n√ kv{XoIƒ (`mc- ya- m¿)
tijw, ]n∂oSv (tae- n¬) \o ]Icw kzoIc- n°- epw ]mSn√ Ah¿°,v
Ch¿°v h√ `mcya- ms- cbpw \ns∂ B›cy (IuX- pI- )s- ∏S- pØ- n-
bmepw Ah-cpsS \∑, KpWw DS-a-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-sXm-gnsI
F√m Imcys- Ø°- pd- n®pw
\ns‚ hess¶ A√mlp BIp∂p
ho£n®- ps- Im≠- nc- n°- p∂- h- ≥
Cu hN\w AhX- c- n°- pt- ºmƒ Xncpt- a\- nb- psS `mcya- mc- mbn HºX- pt- ]c- mWv \ne-
hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. BCix, l^vkzx, DΩp-l-_o-_x, kuZx, DΩp-keax,
kz^nø- x, ssaaq\- x, ssk\_- v, Pqsshc- nøx (d) F∂nh- c- mW- h- ¿. (*) CXn-∂p-tijw
\_n ]pXp-Xmbn hnhmlw sNøp-I-bp-≠m-bn-´n-√. Hcp `mcysb hnhm-l-tam-N\w
sNbvXp ]Icw ]pXnsbmcp `mcysb kzoIc- n°- epw D≠mb- n´- n√- . C_vdmlow F∂
Ip´n-bpsS amXmhpw CuPn]- Xv n¬\n∂v kΩm\- a- mbn Ab®- ps- ImS- p°s- ∏´ ASna- k- {v Xo-
bp-am-bn-cp∂ amcnøx (d)sb Xncp-ta\n kzoI-cn-®Xv Cu hN\w Ah-X-cn-®-Xn-\p-ti-
ja- mb- nc- p∂- p. ASna- k- v{XoI- sf kzoIc- n°- p∂- X- n\v hntcm[- a- ns- √∂v {]tXyIw FSpØp
]d™- n´- p≈- X- mW- t- √m.
hn`mKw ˛ 7
53 tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc, \_n-
bpsS hoSpI- f- n¬ h√ `£W- Ø- n-
te°pw (£W- n®- ps- Im≠- )v \n߃°v
A\ph- mZw In´nb- me- √- msX \n߃
{]th-in-°-cpXv; AXns‚ ]mIw
[thhv] t\m°ns- °m≠- nc- n°- p∂- h- c- √- mØ
\ne°v (thWw {]thi- n°- p∂- X- )v .
(*) Cu HºXv t]sc kw_‘- n®v IqSpX- ¬ hnhcw Cu kqdØ- n\v tija- p≈
hymJym\- °- pd- n∏- n¬ t\m°pI- .
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
]t£, \n߃ £Wn°- s- ∏´- m¬
\n߃ {]th-in-®p-sIm-≈p-hn≥;
`£Ww Ign®- m¬ ]ncn™- pt- ]mI- p-
Ibpw sNøph- n≥; h√ h¿Øa- m\- -
Øn\- pa- mbn t\cwt- ]m°- nt- e¿s∏´p
\ne°v msXbpw (Bb- nc- n°- W- w). (Im-
c-Ww) \n›-b-ambpw AsXm-s°,
\_nsb iey-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv.
At∏mƒ (AXv Xpd∂- p]- d- b- ph- m≥)
\nßs- f°- pd- n®v At±l- Ø- n\v e÷b- m-
bnc- n°- pI- bpw sNøpw.
A√m-lp-hm-I-s´, bmYm¿∞y-
sØ°- pd- n®v (Xpd- ∂p Im´ph- m≥) e÷-
ImW- n°- pI- b- n√- . \n߃ Aht- cmSv
[\_namcpsS `mcy-am-tcmSv] h√
km[\- hpw tNmZn°- p∂- X- mb- m¬ ad-
bpsS ]n∂n¬\n∂v tNmZn®- ps- Im≈- -
Ww. \nßf- psS lrZb- ß- ƒ°pw, Ah-
cpsS lrZb- ß- ƒ°pw IqSpX- ¬ ip≤-
amb- n´- p≈- X- s{X AX.v A√ml- ph- ns‚
dkqe- n\v ieya- p≠- m°- ph- m≥ \n߃
°v ]mSp-≈-Xp-a-√. At±-l-Øn-s‚-
tijw At±-l-Øns‚ `mcy-amsc
Hcn-°epw \n߃ hnhmlw Ign-
∏m\pw ]mSn-√. \n›-b-ambpw,
AsXms° A√ml- ph- ns‚ ASp°- ¬
hºn® Imcy-am-Ip-∂p.
53 hniz-kn-®-htc \n߃ {]thi- n°- c- pXv
\_nb- psS hoSpI- f- n¬ kΩXw \¬Is- ∏´- ms- emg- nsI \n߃°v
h√ `£W- Ø- nt- e°pw t\m°ns- °m≠- nc- n°- p∂- h- c- √- msX AXns‚ ]mIw,
thhv ]t£ \n߃ £Wn°- s- ∏´- m¬ At∏mƒ \n߃ {]th-
in®- ps- Im≈- ph- n≥ \n߃ `£Ww Ign®- m¬ \n߃ \nc∂- ps- Im-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
≈pI (]nc- n™- pt- ]mI- pI- ) t\cwt- ]m°- nt- e¿s∏S- mØ- h- c- mbpw, (Xß- n\- n¬°m-
sX-bpw) h√ h¿Øa- m\- Ø- n\pw \n›b- a- mbpw AXv iey-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-Ip∂p \_nsb At∏mg- t- ±l- Ø- n\v e÷b- p≠- mIpw
\nßs- f°- pd- n®v A√ml- ph- mI- s´ Ah≥ e÷ ImWn°- b- n√
bYm¿∞sØ (Imc- ys- Ø)°- pd- n®v \nßf- h- t- cmSv tNmZn°- p∂- -
Xmb- m¬ h√ km[- -\-hpw, D]I- c- -Whpw F∂me- h- t- cmSv tNmZn°- ph- n≥
adb- psS ]n∂n¬\n∂v AXv IqSpX- ¬ ip≤a- mb- XmW,v shSn-
∏p≈- X- mWv \nßf- psS lrZb- ß- ƒ°v Ahc- psS lrZb- ß- ƒ°pw
\n߃°v ]mSn√- X- m\pw \n߃ ieys- ∏S- pØ- ¬, sskzcyws- IS- p-
ج A√ml- ph- ns‚ dkqe- ns\ \n߃ hnhmlw sNøepw
]mSn√ At±-l-Øns‚ `mcy-amsc At±-l-Øn-\v tijw Hcn°- -
epw, Fs∂∂pw \n›b- a- mbpw AXv BIp∂p A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬
hºn-®Xv
A\kv (d) {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn _pJmcn ˛apkvenw apX-em-b-h¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
´p≈ Hcp lZoYns‚ kmcw C{]I- mc- a- mWv: "\_n ssk\_v (d)sb hnhmlw
Ign® Ahk- c- Ø- n¬ Iptd BfpI- sf (kZ- y°)v £Wn®- nc- p∂p. `£Ww Ign®- tijw
Bfp-Iƒ h¿Ø-am\w ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn. \_n
ÿew
hns´-gp-t∂‰p t]mIm≥ {ian-®p-sh-¶nepw Ah¿ Fgp-t∂‰v t]mIp-∂n-√. Aßs\
Xncp-ta\n Ahn-S∂v ÿew hn´p-t]m-bn. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ GXm\pw t]¿
ÿew hn´p. aq∂p-t]¿ AhnsSØs∂ Ccp-∂p. Xncp-ta\n (Iptd Ign™p
aSß- n) ho´nt- e°v h∂t- ∏mgpw Ahc- h- nsS Ccn°- p∂- p≠- mb- nc- p∂- p. ]n∂oSv Ahcpw
Fgp-t∂‰p t]mbn. Cu hnhcw Rm≥ Xncp-ta-\nsb Adn-bn-®p. Ahn-Sp∂v
ho´n¬ {]thi- n®- p. Rm\pw (]X- nh- tv ]ms- e) H∂n®v {]thi- n°- ph- m≥ Dt±i- n®- p. t\m°p-
tºmƒ F\n°pw Xncpt- a\- n°- pa- nS- b- n¬ ad CSs- ∏´- nc- p∂- p. Cubh- k- c- Ø- n¬
F∂p≈ (Cu) BbØv A√mlp Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p.' \_n °v
tkh\w sNbXv psImSp°ph- m≥th≠n ]Øv hb v {]mbØ- n¬ amXmhv Iq´ns- °m≠- p-
h∂- v, Xncpt- a\- n°v G¬]n®- ps- ImS- pØ BfmWv A\kv (d). Xncpt- a\- nb- psS hntbm-
Kwh- t- c°pw hnizk- vX\- mb Hcp `rXy\- pw, ho´nse HcwK- hpw F∂ \neb- n¬ At±lw
Xncpt- a-\n-tbms- Sm∏w Pohn®- pt- ]m-∂p. F∂m¬, ]¿±m-k-{ºZ- mbw \S∏- n-em-bt- ∏mƒ
AXv At±-l-Øn\pw _m[-I-am-bn-cp-∂p.
tIhew Zo¿Lamb Cu Xncph- N- \- Ø- n¬, \_n Xncpt- a\n b- psS ÿm\]- Z- h- n-
Isf am\n®- ps- Im≠v kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ BNc- nt- °≠- p∂ ]e acymZ- I- s- f°- pd- n®pw
A√mlp {]kvXmh- n°- p∂- p. Ahb- n¬ Hcp Imcyw˛ Xncpt- a\- nb- psS tijw AhnS- psØ
]Xv\na- msc Bcpw hnhmlw sNbvXpI- qSm F∂X- v˛ Hgn®v as‰√mw Xs∂, apkvenwIƒ
Ft∏mgpw ]ck- v]cw BNc- nt- °≠- X- v X- s- ∂b- mI- p∂- p. Xncpt- a\- nb- psS ImcyØ- n¬
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
Ah I- qS- pX- ¬ I¿i\- a- mbn kzoIc- n°- s- ∏t- S≠- X- p≠- v Xm\- pw. Xncpt- a\- nb- psS hoSpI- -
fn¬, AYhm AhnSpsØ `mcya- m¿ \nhk- n°- p∂ hoSpI- f- n¬, {]thi- \- Ø- n\- p≈ A\p-
hmZw In´nb- me√- msX B¿°pw C\nt- ae- n¬ {]thi- n°- m≥ ]mSn√ F∂v Cu hN\w
{]Jym]- n°- p∂- p. (A\- ph- mZw tNmZn°- p∂ cq]w, AXns‚ Bhi- yI- X, A\ph- mZw
IqSmsX {]thi- n°- p∂ hoSpI- ƒ- BZnb- mb- h- s- b°- pd- n®v kqdØ- p∂- qd- n¬ hniZ- oI- c- n®p
]d™- n´- p≈XmW.v ) A\[- nI- rX- a- mbn A\yh- oS- pI- f- n¬ {]thi- n°- p∂- X- mb- m¬ t\cnS- ph- m-
\nS- b- p≈ tZmjß- s- f°- pd- n®v B¿°pw Duln®- d- nb- ma- t- √m. kZy thfI- f- ne- mh- s- ´, A√m-
Øt- ∏mg- mI- s- ´, £Wn°- s- ∏S- msX sN∂p `£W- Ø- n¬sN∂v ]s¶S- p°- p∂- X- pw, £Wn-
°s- ∏´- m¬Xs- ∂bpw ho´n¬sN√- pt- ºmƒ A\pa- X- nI- qS- msX {]thi- n°- p∂- Xpw ]mSn√- mØ- -
XmW- .v `£Ww ]mIa- mI- p∂- X- ˛v Xømd- mI- p∂- X- ˛v t\m°n°- mØ- ps- Im≠- nc- n°- p∂- Xpw
DNnX- a- √- . CXpw ho´pI- m¿°v ]e \ne°pw ieya- mbn A\p`- h- s- ∏S- pw. AXps- Im≠v
ap≥Iq´- ns- ®∂p ImØn-cn°- m≥ CSh- -cmsX bYm-ka- b- Øv am{Xw sN∂p tNtc-≠-
XmI- p∂- p. £Wn°- s- ∏´- h- ¿am{Xw sN√pI- , `£Ww Ign™- me- pS- ≥ ÿew hn´pt- ]mc- pI- ,
]n∂oS- h- nsS Np‰n∏- ‰n \n¬°mX- nc- n°- pI- , CsX√mw {]tXyIw Ku\nt- °≠- X- p≠- .v £Wn-
°s- ∏S- msX kZyh- ´- ß- f- nepw, `£W- t- hf- b- nepw IS∂- ps- N√- p∂ k{ºZ- mbw tIhew
\nµyhpw A\ymb- hpw IqSnb- mW- v. £Wn°- s- ∏´- h- ≥ £Ww \nck- n°- p∂- Xpw icnb- -
√. CØcw ]e Imcyß- s- f°- pd- n®pw lZoY- n¬ IqSpX- ¬ hniZ- oI- c- n®- pI- mW- mw. Zo¿Ln-
®p-t]m-Ip-sa∂v IcpXn hn´p-I-f-bp-I-bm-Wv.
CsX√mw tIhew \n mc- I- mc- yß- f- t- √, C{X Kuch- t- ØmsS Ah FSpØ- p]- d- -
tb≠- X- pt≠m? Fs∂ms° ]ecpw [cnt- ®°- mw. A√, C°me- Øv ]ec- psS hm°nepw
{]hrØ- nb- nepw {]Xy£- Ø- n¬Xs∂ B \ne {]IS- a- mI- md- pa- p≠- .v Ch¿°p≈ adp]- S- n-
bs{X A√mlp ]d™- X:v "\n›b- a- mbpw AsXms° \_nsb ieys- ∏S- pØ- p∂- X- mI- p-
∂p. AXv Xpd∂v ]db- ph- m≥ At±l- Ø- n\v e÷b- p≠- mt- b°- mw. A√ml- ph- mI- s- ´,
bYm¿∞s- Ø°- pd- n®v e÷ ImWn°- b- n√- . () \_n sb iey-
s∏S- pØ- p∂- Xv {]tXyI- n®pw, kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°v ieyw D≠m°- p∂- Xv s]mXph- nepw
A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬ F{Xa- m{Xw Bt£]- I- c- a- ms- W∂v CtX hN\- Ø- nse XpS¿∂p≈
hmIy-ß-fpw, Xmsg hcp∂ 57˛ 59 F∂o hN-\-ß-fpw a‰pw ]cn-tim-[n-®m-e-dn-bm-hp-
∂X- mW- .v Hcmƒ°v as‰mc- ms- fs- °m≠v GsX¶- nepw XcØ- n¬ ieyw D≠mh- m≥ ]mSn√- .
\_n sb iey-s∏S- pØ- p∂- Xv a‰msc ieys- ∏S- pØ- p∂- X- n-s\°- mfpw `b-¶c- -am-Wv.
A\ys‚ s]cpa- m‰- Ø- n¬ G¿s∏-Sp∂ sskzcy-t°-Sns- \°- p-dn®v Xpd∂- p-]d- -bph- m≥
am\y≥amc- mb BfpI- ƒ aSnt- ®°- pI kzm`mh- nI- a- mW- .v AXv a‰p≈- h- ¿ I≠d- nt- b≠- -
XmW- v, I≠d- nb- mØ- h- sc AXv Hm¿an∏- n°- p∂- Xv Bhi- yh- pa- mWv F∂nß- s\ ]eXpw
Cu hmIyØ- n¬ \n∂v a\ - ne- m°- ph- m≥ Ignb- pw.\_n bpsS `mcya- mt- cmSv h√ km[-
\hpw Bhi- ys- ∏t- S≠- X- p≠mIpt- ºmƒ AXv adb- psS ]n∂n¬ \n∂v tNmZn°- W- w,
AYhm AIØv IS-∂p-sN∂pw apJ-tØmSv apJ-ambpw Ah-tcmSv kwkm-cn-®p-Iq-
Sm. CXmWv BbØ- nse as‰mcp I¬]\- . CXn\v c≠v ImcW- hpw A√mlp ]d-
bp∂p: CcpI- q´- c- ps- Sbpw lrZb- ß- f- psS \njvIf- ¶- X- °- pw, ip≤X- °pw AXmWv A\p-
tbmP- ya- mb- X;v Xncpt- a\- nb- psS `mcya- mc- psS A¥ - n\- pw, am\yX- °pw \nc°- mØ s]cp-
am‰w Xncp-ta-\nsb iey-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-am-Wv. CXm-sW-¶n¬ alm-]m-]hpw! \_n -
bpsS `mcya- msc kw_‘- n®v am{Xa- √, A\yk- {v XoI- sf kw_‘- n®v s]mXph- n¬ BN-
cn-t°-≠p∂ Hcp acym-Z-bm-Wn-Xv. am\y-X-bnepw t{ijvT-X-bnepw D∂X \ne-hm-c-Øn-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
ep≈- h- c- mI- pt- ºmƒ hntij- n®- pw.
\_n bpsS `mcya- mc- n¬ ]¿± \S∏- m°- nb- m¬ sIm≈ms- a∂v Da¿ (d) B{Kl- n®- nc- p-
∂-Xm-bpw, Da¿ (d)s‚ A`n-{]mbw icn-sh-®p-sIm≠v Ah-X-cn® Nne Izp¿-B≥
hN\- ß- f- n¬ Cu BbØpw Dƒs∏Sp∂X- mbpw lZoY- pI- f- n¬ ImWmw. ]t£, hlvbv
e`°n- mØÿnXn°v\_n AXv \S∏- ne- m°- m≥ aptºm´v h∂X- pa- n√- . Xncpt- a\n kz¥w
CjSv {- ]I- mcw H∂pw I¬]n°- pI- b- n√- t- √m. () A\kv (d) C{]-Imcw
{]kXv mh- n®- nc- n°- p∂- p: "dkq¬ Xncpt- a\n tbmSv Da¿ (d) ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: dkq-
te, Aßb- psS ASp°- ¬ \√ a\pj- ycpw, NoØ a\pj- ycpw {]thi- n®- ps- Im≠- nc- n°- pw.
AXpsIm≠v kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- fpsS amXm°- t- fmSv (Aß- b- psS `mcya- mt- cmS- )v ]¿± kzoI-
cn°- ph- m≥ Aßp∂v I¬]n®- nc- p∂- ps- h¶- n¬?!' Aßs- \, lnPdv x A©mws- Im√w Zp¬Iz-
AvZx amkØ- n¬ Plvins‚ aIƒ ssk\_- ns\ \_n hnhmlw Ign® B hnhm-
lk- Zy Ign™ cmhnse ]¿±b- psS Cu hN\w Ah-X-cn-®p. (_p; ap. apX-em-b-h¿)
A\kv (d)s‚ Cu {]kvXmh- \- b- pw, A¬]w apºv D≤c- n® {]kvXmh- \- bpw ]ck- v]cw
]n≥_ew \¬Ip∂- h- b- mI- p∂- p. \_n bpsS ho´n¬ sN√pt- ºmƒ A\pj- Tv nt- °-
≠p∂ acymZ- I- sf kw_‘- n®- p≈ I¬]\- I- ƒ AhX- c- n°- ph- m≥ ]e \ne°pw tbmPn®
Hcp kµ¿`Ø- ne- mWv CXns‚ AhX- c- W- a- p≠- mb- s- X∂v Ahb- n¬ \n∂v {Kln°- mw.
Hcp lZoY- n¬ \_n ]d-bp∂p: ({]-th-i-\-Øn\v
kΩXw tNmZn°- ph- m≥ \n›nb- n®- n´- p≈- X- X-v s∂ IÆns‚ ˛t\m´- Ø- ns- ‚˛ ImcW- Ø- m-
em-Ip-∂p˛ _p; ap.) as‰mcp \_n hN\w A_q-lp-dbvdx (d) C{]-Imcw \nth-Z\w
sNøp∂p: "IÆpI- f- psS hy`nN- mcw t\m´a- mW- v, sNhnI- f- psS hy`nN- mcw tIƒ°m≥
{ian°- e- mW- ,v \mhns‚ hy`nN- mcw kwkmc- n°- e- mW- ,v Iøns‚ hy`nN- mcw k]v ¿in°- -
emWv, Imens‚ hy`nN- mcw ImeS- ns- h°- e- mW- v˛ \S∂- ps- N√- e- mW- ˛v- , lrZbw C—n°- p-
Ibpw tamln°- pI- bpw sNøp∂p; P\t- \{- µnbw AXns\ bYm¿∞a- m°- pI- tbm Ifh- m-
°pI- tbm sNøpw.' (_p; ap.)
dkq¬ Xncpt- a\n -bpsS Ime-tijw, Ahn-SpsØ `mcy-bm-bn-cp∂ Hcm-sfbpw
B¿°pw Xosc hnhmlw sNøm≥ ]mSn√ F∂mWv BbØ- n¬ Ahk- m\- a- mbn {]kXv m-
hn-®-Xv. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS `mcy-am¿ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS amXm-°-fm-sW∂v 6˛ mw hN-
\Ø- n¬ ]d™- ph- t- √m. At∏mƒ amXm°- sf hnhmlw sNøm≥ ]mSns- √∂- t- ]mse Ah-
scbpw hnhmlw sNbvXpI- qS- mØ- X- mW- v. \neh- ne- p≈ HºXv `mcya- m¿°v ]pdsa F\n
a‰ms- cbpw hnhmlw sNøc- ps- X∂v \_n sb hne°- nb- X- pt- ]mse, {]kvXpX `mcy-
am¿ \_n b- psS tijw thsd `¿Øm°- sf kzoIc- n°- p∂- Xpw CXpa- qew XSb- s- ∏-
´nc- n°- pI- b- mW- .v CsX√mw \_n b- psS D∂X- ÿ- m\- s- Øb- pw, AhnS- psØ ]X\v na- m-
tcmSv kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ _lp-am-\-]q¿∆w s]cp-am-td-≠p-∂-Xns‚ Bh-iy-I-Xbpw
Ipdn°- p∂- p. "\n›b- a- mbpw AXv A√ml- ph- ns‚ ASp°- ¬ hºn® ImcyamW'v (
) F∂p≈ kam]- \- h- mIyw a\ - nc- pØn BtemN- n®- pt- \m°- pI!
{]Xy£- Ø- n¬ A®S- °- a- c- ymZ- b- pw, \nba- ß- fpw ]men°- p∂- h- c- n¬Xs- ∂, Zp¿hnN- mc- -
°mc- pw, If¶- l- rZ- b- ≥amcpw D≠mt- b°- mw, t\scadn®v kZpt- ±i- h- pw, ip≤l- rZ- b- hpw
D≈h- ¿°v Nnet- ∏mƒ \nba- mX- n¿ØnI- ƒ IrXya- mbn ]men°- m≥ Ignb- ms- Xbpw ht∂-
°mw. F∂m¬ Hmtcmc- pØ- c- ps- Sbpw D≈pI- ≈- nI- s- f√mw A√mlp Adnb- ps- a∂- pw, AX-
Xn\v X° \S]- S- nI- ƒ Ah≥ FSpØps- Im≈- ps- a∂pw ASpØ hN\- Ø- n¬ Nq≠n°- m-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
´p∂p. XpS¿∂ps- Im≠v ]¿± BNc- n°- W- s- a∂ \nba- Ø- n¬\n∂v Hgnh- m°- s- ∏´- n´- p≈- h- -
sc°- pd- n®v {]kXv mh- n°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- p.
54 \n߃ h√Imcyhpw shfn-
hm°- pI- t- bm, As√¶- n¬ ad®- ps- h°- p-
Itbm sNøp-∂-]-£w, A√mlp
F√mImcys- Ø∏- ‰- nbpw Adnb- p∂- h- -
\m-Ip-∂p.
54 \n߃ shfnh- m°- p∂ ]£w h√ Imcyhpw As√¶- n-
eXv ad®- ps- h°- p∂- X- mb- m¬ F∂m¬ \n›b- a- mbpw A√mlp BIp∂p
F√m Imcys- Ø∏- ‰- nbpw Adn-bp-∂-h≥
55 Xßf- psS ]nXm°- f- ne- mI- s- ´,
]p{X≥am-cn-em-I-s´-, ktlm-Z-
c≥amcne- mI- s- ´, ktlmZ- c- ≥amc- psS
]p{X-∑m-cn-em-I-s´, ktlm-Z-cn-am-
cpsS ]p{X≥amc- ne- mI- s- ´, Xßf- psS
kv{XoI-fn-em-I-s´, Xß-fpsS he-
ss¶Iƒ DSa- s- ∏S- pØ- nb- h- c- ne- mIs´
(H-∂pw-X-s∂) Ah-cp-sS-ta¬
bmsXmcp Ip‰h- pa- n-√. (\_- na- m-cpsS
]X\v na- mtc,) \n߃ A√ml- ph- ns\
kq£n°- ph- n≥!
\n›b- a- mbpw A√mlp F√m Imcy-
Øns- ‚t- aepw km£ywh- l- n°- p∂- h- -
\m-Ip-∂p.
55 sX‰n√ Ahc- ps- St- a¬ Ahc- psS ]nXm°- f- n¬
Ah-cpsS ]p{X≥am-cn-ep-an√ Ah-cpsS ktlm-Z-c≥am-cn-ep-an√
Ah-cpsS ktlm-Z-c-]p-{X≥am-cn-ep-an√ Ah-cpsS
ktlm-Zco ]p{X≥am-cn-epa- n√ Ahc- psS kv{XoIf- ne- pa- n√
DSa- s- ∏-Sp-Øn-bh- c- n-ep-an√ Ahc- psS he- s- s¶I- ƒ \n߃ kq£n®- p-
sIm≈- ph- n≥, `b`- ‡n ImWn°- ph- n≥ A√ml- ph- ns- \, A√ml- ph- nt- \mSv \n›b- -
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
ambpw A√mlp BIp∂p F√m ImcyØ- ns- ‚t- aepw km£yw
hl- n°- p∂- h- ≥, k∂≤- ≥
Ggv Iq´s- cb- mWv ChnsS Hgnh- m°- s- ∏´- n´- p≈- X- .v \_n bpsS `mcya- mc- √- mØ CX-
c-kv{Xo-I-fpsS ]¿±m-\n-b-a-Ønepw Cu Ggv Iq´¿ Hgnh- m°- s- ∏´- h- ¿Xs- ∂. IqSpX- ¬
ASpØ IpSpw-_-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv ChnsS {]kvXm-hn-®-Xv. AΩm-h≥am-cpw, ]nXr-
hy≥amcpw a‰pN- ne- cpw C°q´- Ø- n¬ Dƒs∏S- ps- a∂- pw, "Xßf- psS k{v XoIƒ' ()
F∂v ]d™- X- ns‚ Xm¬]cyw apkev nwk{v XoI- ƒ F∂ms- W∂- pw, hnaX- ÿ- c- mb k{v XoI-
fnepw ]¿±m\- nb- aw BNc- n°- W- s- a∂pw a‰pw kqdØ- p∂- qd- n¬ th≠X- pt- ]mse \mw
hnhc- n®- pI- g- n™- X- mI- p∂- p. (kq: \q¿ 31˛- mw hN\- hpw hnhc- W- hpw t\m°pI- .)
56 \n›b- a- mb- pw, A√ml- phpw,
Ahs‚ ae°- pI- fpw \_nb- ps- St- a¬
"kzemØv' [A\p-{Klw] t\cp-∂p.
tl, hnizk- n®- h- t- c, At±l- Ø- ns‚
ta¬ \n߃ "kzemØ'v [A\p{- Klw]
t\cp-I-bpw, (i-cn-bmw-h-Æw)
"kemw' [im¥n] t\cpI- bpw sNøp-
hn≥.
56 \n›b- ambpw A√mlp Ahs‚ ae°- pI- fpw Ah¿
A\p{- Klw t\cp∂- p, kzemØv sNøp∂p \_nb- ps- St- a¬
tl, hniz-kn-®-htc \n߃ A\p{- Klw t\cph- n≥ At±l- Ø- ns- ‚t- a¬
\n߃ kemw t\cpI- bpw sNøph- n≥ (ic- nb- mwh- Æ- a- p≈- ) Hcp kemw
t\c¬
("kze- mØ'v ) F∂ hm°n\v "A\p{- Kl- w, Bio¿hmZ- w, {]m¿∞\ Fs∂ms°
A¿∞w hcpw. ("k- emw') F∂ hm°n\v "im¥n, kam[- m\- w, c£' F∂nß- -
s\bpw A¿∞w hcpw. A√ml- ph- ns\ kw_‘- n®- nS- t- Ømfw "kzemØ'v sIm≠pt- ±iyw
Ahs‚ A\p{- Kl- hpw ImcpW- yhpw sImSpØ- c- pf- pI F∂s- {X. ae°- pI- sf kw_‘- n-
®mI- pt- ºmƒ ]m]t- amN- \- Ø- n\pw \∑°pw th≠n {]m¿∞n°- pI F∂pw, kXyh- ni- zm-
knI- sf kw_‘- n®- mI- pt- ºmƒ A\p{- Kl- Ø- n\pw \∑°- pwt- h≠n {]m¿∞n°- pI F∂pw,
Dt±i- ya- mb- nc- n°- pw. CXpt- ]ms- eØ- s- ∂, A√ml- ph- ns\ kw_‘- n®- nS- t- Ømfw "kem-
ans‚ Dt±iyw kam[- m\- h- pw, im¥nb- pw, c£bpw \¬IpI F∂pw, \sΩ kw_‘- n-
®nS- t- Ømfw AXn\- mbn {]m¿∞n°- pI F∂pw Xm¬]c- ya- mI- p∂- p. \_n b- psS t]cn¬
"kzemØv' sN√p-I, AYhm A\p-{Klw t\cpI F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xns‚bpw, "kemw'
sNm√pI AYhm im¥n˛ As√¶- n¬ kam[- m\- w ˛t\c- pI F∂v ]db- p∂- X- ns- ‚bpw
Dt±iyw CXn¬\n∂v hy‡a- mW- t- √m. \_n b- psS t]cn¬ "kzemØpw kemapw'
t\cp-∂-Xns‚ {]m[m\yw Cu Xncp-h-N-\-Øn¬\n∂v {Kln-°mw. \_n °v
A√mlphn¬\n∂v e`n°- p∂ F√m A\p{- Kl- ß- fpw AhnS- psØ kapZ- mb- Ø- n\v IqSn
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
e`n°- p∂ `mKya- mb- nc- n°- p∂- X- mW- .v
\_n ]d™- X- mbn Aen (d) \nthZ- \w sNøp∂p: "bmsXmc- ph- s‚ ASp°- ¬sh®v
Fs∂°- pd- n®v {]kXv mh- n°- s- ∏S- pt- ºmƒ Ah≥ Fs‚t- a¬ "kzemØ'v t\¿∂n√- tbm
Ah-\s{X ep_v[≥. (Xn.) as‰mcp \_n-h-N\w C_v\p-a-kv-DuZv (d) D≤c- n°- p∂p:
"P\ß- f- n¬ sh®v Iznbma- Ø- v \- mf- n¬ Ft∂mSv G‰hpw _‘s- ∏´- h- ≥, Ahc- n¬sh®v
Fs‚t- a¬ IqSpX- ¬ "kzemØ'v \SØ- p∂- h- \- mI- p∂- p.' (Xn.) Xncpt- a\n ]d™- pt- I´- -
Xmbn A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p Awdpw (d) A_q-lp-dbvdx (d)bpw D≤c- n°- p∂p: "F‚t- a¬
Bsc¶- nepw Hcp {]mhiyw "kzemØ'v t\¿∂m¬, A√mlp Ahs‚ta¬ AXn\v ]Øp-
{]m-hiyw kzemØv t\cp-∂-Xm-Wv.' (ap.)
57 A√ml- ph- ns- \bpw, Ahs‚
dkq-en-s\bpw bmsXm-cp-Iq-´¿ iey-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂pthm Ahsc, \n›-b-
ambpw A√mlp Cl-Ønepw ]c-
Ønepw i]n°- p∂- X- mW- v. Ah¿°v
\nµyI- c- a- mb in£ Ah≥ Hcp°- n-
sh°- pI- bpw sNbXv nc- n°- p∂- p.
58 kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sf-bpw,
kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-sfbpw ˛A-h¿
{]h¿Øn-®-X-√m-Ø-Xn-s‚-t]-cn¬˛
iey-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-cm-I-s´, Ah¿
A]c- m[- hpw, {]Xy£- a- mb Ip‰hpw
(kzb- w) Gs‰S- pØv Ign™- nc- n°- b- mW- .v
57 \n›b- a- mbpw A√m-lph- ns\ ieys- ∏-Sp-Øp∂- -h¿
Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw A√mlp Ahsc i]n°- p∂- X- mW- ,v i]n®- nc- n°- p∂p
Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw Ah¿°h- ≥ Hcp°- pI- bpw sNbXv nc- n-
°p∂p \nµy-I-c-amb in£ 58 iey-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h¿
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-sfbpw bmsXm-
∂√- mØ- X- ns‚ t]cn¬ Ah¿ {]h¿Øn®- n´- p≈ F∂m¬ Xo¿®-
bmbpw Ah¿ Gs‰-Sp-Øp, kzbw t]dn A]c- m[- w, I≈mt- cm]- Ww, \pW
]m]hpw, Ip‰hpw {]Xy-£-am-b, kv]jvSamb
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
A√ml- ph- ns‚ D¬IrjSv KpWß- ƒt°m, i‡na- l- mfl- yØ- nt- \m, A[nI- mc- mh- I- m-
iß- ƒt°m A\pt- bmP- ya- √- mØ- X- pw, Ahsb AhK- W- n°- p∂- X- pa- mb F√m {]kXv mh- -
\I- fpw {]h¿Ø\- ß- fpw A√ml- ph- ns\ ieys- ∏S- pØ- p∂- h- b- ms- W∂v samØØ- n¬
]db- mw. A√mlp {]kXv mh- n°- p∂- X- mbn \_n D≤c- n®- n´- p≈ c≠v Xncph- N- \- ß- -
fn¬ \n∂v CXv a\ - ne- m°mw:
1. "A√mlp ]db- p∂p: BZa- ns‚ ]p{X≥ Fs∂ hymPa- m°n: Ah\v AXv ]mSn√- m-
bnc- p∂- p. Ah≥ Fs∂°- pd- n®v ]gn ]d™p; AXpw Ah\v ]mSn√- mb- nc- p∂- p. Ah≥
Fs∂ hymPa- m°- ns- b∂v ]d™- Xv Ahs‚ Cu hm°mWv: "Fs∂ BZyw krjvSn®- X- p-
t]mse Ah≥˛ A√ml- p˛ Fs∂ ho≠pw krjvSn°- p∂- X- √- X- s- ∂.' Fs∂ ]gn ]d-
™X- mIs´, "F\n°v k¥m\- a- ps- ≠∂'v Ah≥ ]d™- X- mW- .v Hcp CWs- bt- bm, k¥m\- -
sØtbm kzoIc- n°- p∂- X- n¬\n∂v Rm≥ alm ]cni- p≤- \- pa- s{X!' (_p)
2. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: BZ-ans‚ ]p{X≥ Fs∂ iey-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. (A-Xm-b-Xv)
Ah≥ ImeØv NoØ ]d-bp-∂p. Rm\s{X Imew. cm{Xn-sbbpw, ]I-en-s\bpw
Rm≥ ssIImcyw sNbvXps- Im≠- nc- n°- pI- b- mW- v. (*) (_p; ap.) Cu lZoY- pI- ƒ apºn¬
sh®ps- Im≠v ]cnt- im[- n®- m¬, C∂v ]ec- n¬\n∂pw km[mc- W tIƒ°md- p≈ "{]IrXn
h©n®p; Imew NXn®p' apXe- mb hm°pI- ƒ A_≤w \nd™- h- b- ms- W∂v ImWmw.
\_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS ÿm\]- Z- h- nI- ƒ°v \nc°- mØ- X- pw, AhnS- psØ Xcw-
XmgvØn°m´p∂- Xpa- mb F√m {]kvXmh- \- I- f- pw, {]h¿Ø\- ß- fpw \_nsb iey-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-X-s∂. Xncp-ta-\nsb ]cn-l-kn-°p-I, Ahn-SpsØ Ncy-I-sf-tbm, {]hr-
ØnI- s- ftbm ]p—n°- pI- , As√¶- n¬ hna¿in°- pI apXe- mbhs- b√mw CXn¬ Dƒs∏S- pw.
69-˛mw hN-\Ø- ns‚ hnh-cW- Ø- n¬ CXn\v Nne DZm-l-c-Wß- ƒ ImWmw. kz¥w
tZlsØ°mfpw, amXm]- nX- m°- ƒ, k¥m\- ß- ƒ XpSß- nb as‰√- mh- s- c°- mfpw \_n sb
ktv \ln°- mØ- h- s‚ "Cuam≥' t]mepw icn-bmb Cuam\- mh- pI- b- n√- t- √m. AXpt- ]m-
se, \_n sb GsX¶- nepw hnt[\ ieys- ∏S- pØ- p∂- X- pw, AhnS- pt- Ø°v at\m-
th-Z\ Df-hm-°p-∂Xpw IqSp-X¬ Kuc-h-s∏-´-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-sIm-≠v
X- s- ∂b- mW- ,v A√ml- ph- ns- \bpw dkqe- ns- \bpw ieys- ∏S- pØ- p∂- X- ns- \∏- ‰n Htc hm°n¬
Xm°oXv \¬Inb- nc- n°- p∂- X- pw. A√ml- ph- ns- \bpw, dkqe- ns- \bpw ieys- ∏S- pØ- p∂- h- ¿°v
e`n°- ph- m\- nc- n°- p∂ {]Xn^- e- s- Ø°- pd- n®v A√mlp {]kXv mh- n®- Xv t\m°pI! AXn¬\n∂v
B alm]- m]w F{Xt- a¬ `b¶- c- a- ms- W∂v Duln°- mh- p∂- X- mW- v. ClØ- nepw ]c-
Ønepw A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬\n∂- p≈ im]w! t]mcm, \nµyhpw A]a- m\- I- c- h- pa- mb ]ct- em-
Ii- n£- bpw!! (A√mlp \sΩ Im°s- ´. Bao≥.)
A√ml- ph- ns- \bpw dkqe- ns- \bpw ieys- ∏S- pØ- p∂- h- s- c°- pd- n®v {]kvXmh- n®- t- ijw
XpS¿∂ps- Im≠v kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- sf ie- ys- ∏S- pØ- p∂- h- sc kw_‘- n®pw A√mlp
Kuch- a- mbn Xm°oXv sNøp∂- p. Ah¿ AXva- qew A]c- m[- h- pw, {]Xy£- a- mb Ip‰hpw
kzbw Gs‰S- p°- pI- b- mWv sNøp∂- s- X∂v ]d™- ph- t- √m. Ah¿°v e`n°- ph- m\- nc- n°- p∂ A\-
¥c- ^- ew F¥mb- nc- n°- ps- a∂v Cu hmIyØ- n¬\n∂v A\pa- m\- n°- mh- p∂- X- mW- .v "Hcp
apkvenan\v Hcp apkvenans‚ k¿∆-Xpw˛ Ahs‚ c‡-hpw, Ahs‚ [\-hpw, Ahs‚
(*) "Rm\s{X Imew' F∂ hmIyws- Im≠- p≈ hnh£ XpS¿∂p≈ hmIyØ- n¬
\n∂v hy‡a- mWv. temIØv \S°- p∂ Imcyß- s- f√mw A√ml- ph- ns‚ \nb{- ¥W- -
a\- pk- c- n®- pa- m{Xw \S°- p∂- X- ms- W∂v kmcw.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
am\-hpw˛ ldm-amsW∂v \_n {]Jym]- n®- XmWt√m () F∂nc- ns- °,
Chb- n¬ GsX¶- nepw H∂n\v lm\n hcpØ- p∂- s- X√mw Ah\v ieya- p≠- m°- e- mb- nc- n-
°pw. ]cZ- qj- W- sØ () kw_‘- n®v {]kn≤- a- mb Hcp lZoY- n¬\n∂v CXv a\ - ne- m-
°mw. lZoYv CXmWv: "]cZ- qj- Ww' F∂m¬ F¥ms- W∂v \_n tbmSv tNmZn°- -
s∏´- p. AhnS- p∂v ]d™p: "\o \ns‚ ktlmZ- c- s- \°- pd- n®v Ah\v Xr]Xv nt- IS- ph- c- pØ- -
p∂Xv ]db- e- mW- v.' At∏mƒ tNmZn°- s- ∏´p: I≠pthm: Rm≥ ]db- p∂ Imcyw Ah-
\n¬ D≈X- mb- nc- p∂- mtem (F∂- me- Xv ]cZ- qj- W- a- mI- ptam)?! Xncpt- a\n ]d™p: "\o ]d-
bp∂ Imcyw Ah\- n¬ D≠mb- nc- p∂- m¬ \o Ahs\ ]cZ- qj- Ww ]d™- p. \o ]db- p-
∂Xv Ah\- n¬ Cs√¶- nt- em, \o Ahs- \∏- ‰n A]c- m[- w˛ \pW˛ ]d™- p.' (apkev nw.)
hn`mKw ˛ 8
59 tl, \_ntb!
\ns‚ `mcy-am-tcm-Spw, ]p{Xn-am-
tcm-Spw, kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS
kv{XoIt- fmSpw ]db- pI: Ah¿ Xß-
fp-sS-ta¬ Xß-fpsS taem-S-I-
fn¬\n∂pw (Ips- d `- mK- w) XmgØv nb- n-
´p-sIm-≈-W-sa-∂v. Ah¿ (Xn-cn-®v)
Adnb- s- ∏S- ph- m≥ hfsc Ffp∏- a- p≈- -
XmW- X- .v At∏mg- h- ¿°v ieyw_m[n-
°pI- b- n√- . A√mlp hfsc s]mdp°- p-
∂-h-\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
59 tl, \_ntb \ns‚ `mcy-am-tcmSv ]d-bpI
\ns‚ ]p{Xn-am-tcmSpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS kv{XoI-tfmSpw
Ah¿ XmgØv nb- nS- Ww, Xq°nb- nS- s´ Ahc- ps- St- a¬ Ahc- psS taemS
(Pn¬_m_- p)I- f- n¬\n∂v AXv IqSp-X¬ ASp-Ø-Xm-Wv, Ffp-∏-am-b-XmWv
Ah¿ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-hm≥ (A-hsc Xncn-®-dn-bm≥) At∏mƒ Ah¿
ieys- ∏S- pØ- pI- b- n√ A√mlp BIp∂p s]mdp°- p∂- h- ≥ Icp-
Wm-\n[n
dkq¬ Xncpt- a\n °pw, kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°pw ieya- p≠- m°- p∂- X- ns- \∏- ‰n i‡na- -
Ømb Xm°oXv sNbvXt- ij- w, Ahc- psS ]cni- p≤- X- bpw am\yX- bpw ImØpc- £- n°- p-
∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb Nne \nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ß-fmWv Cu hN\- Ø- n¬ A√mlp hy‡a- m°- p-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
∂X- v. Aapkvenw kv{XoIf- ps- Sb- pw, Nmcn{- Xyi- p≤- nb- n¬ Xm¬]c- ya- n√- mØ kv{XoI-
fpsSbpw thj-hn-[m-\ßfn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp \ne-]mSv apkvenw kv{XoI-
fpsS thjh- n[- m\- Ø- n¬ BNc- nt- °≠- X- ps- ≠∂v Cu hmIyw Nq≠n°- m´- p∂- p. ho´ne- m-
bnc- n°- pt- ºmƒ D]t- bmK- n°- md- p≈ Ip∏mb- w, a°\- , DSpX- pWn apXe- mb- h- °- v ]- pd- s- a, shfn-
bn¬ t]mIpt- ºmƒ apkev nw k{v XoIƒ, \_n -bpsS ho´p-Im¿ hnti-jn-®pw˛ icocw
adb- Ø- ° Hcp hk{v Xw [cn®- nc- n°- W- s- a∂v AXv imkn°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- p. Cu imk-
\b- n¬ ASß- nb bp‡nbpw A√mlp \ap°v hnhc- n®- pX- c- p∂- p. Cßs\ icocw aqS- na- -
d® Hcp kv{Xosb ImWp-tºmƒ, Ahƒ Hcp apkvenw kv{Xobm-sW∂pw, Nmcn-{Xy-ip-
≤nb- n¬ Xm¬]c- ya- p≈ am\yk- {v Xob- ms- W∂pw F√mh- ¿°pw a\ - ne- mI- p∂- p. AYhm a‰p-
≈h- c- n¬\n∂v Chsc thKw Xncn®- d- nb- ph- m≥ CXv ImcW- a- mI- p∂- p. am{Xa- √- , lrZb- -
ip≤- nb- pw, kz`mh- K- pW- h- pa- n√- mØ BfpI- ƒ A\yk- v{XoI- f- pa- mbn I≠pa- p´- pt- ºmƒ
D≠mt- b°- m\- nS- b- p≈ ieyß- ƒ°v ˛Al- nX- a- mb s]cpa- m‰- ß- ƒ°pw kwkmc- ß- ƒ°pw˛ CXv
XS - a- mb- nØ- oc- pI- bpw sNøpw. ()
"Pn¬_m_'v () F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ _lp-h-N-\-amWv "Pem-_o_v' ()
taemS F∂v CXn\v A¿∞w ]d-bmw. {][m\ X^vko-dp-I-fn-epw, Ad_n \nL-≠p-
°f- nepw Cu hm°n\v sImSpØn´- p≈ A¿∞ß- f- n¬ ]ck- ]v cw A£c- h- yX- ymkw ImWm-
sa¶- nepw kmcØ- n¬ GXms- ≠√mw tbmPn°- p∂- p≠- ,v "a°\- sb°- mƒ henb hk{v Xw,
aqSn∏- pX- °- p∂- X- ,v ]pX∏- ,v apJa- qSn (Bsf Xncn®- d- nb- mX- nc- n°- m≥th≠n Xebpw apJhpw
aqSp∂- X- )v . icocw apgph- ≥ ad°- p∂ hk{v Xw, Ip∏mb- Ø- n\pw a°\- °pw aosXb- mbn
k{v XoIƒ Np‰n∏- pX- °- p∂ aqSp]- S- w, apIf- n¬\n∂v ASnh- sc ad°- p∂- X- ,v hnime- a- mb
hk{v Xw' Fs∂ms- °b- mWv Ah. (*) "ta¬aqS- n, taemS- , Np‰n∏- pX- , tae¶- n, aqSph- kv{Xw'
apXe- mb hm°pI- f- n¬ aeb- mf- Ø- n¬ CXn\v hnh¿Ø\w \¬Is- ∏S- p∂- p. (**) "Ah-cp-
sSt- a¬ XmgØv nb- nS- Ww' () F∂v A√mlp ]d™- h- m°v {it≤b- a- mI- p∂- p. icocw
apgph- \- pw˛ Xeb- pw, IgpØ- pw, apJhpw AS°- w˛ "Pn¬_m_v' sIm≠v aqSn adt- °≠- -
Xps- ≠∂- mWv {]Xy£- Ø- n¬ CXn¬\n∂v hcp∂- X- v. ]t£, kqdØ- p∂- q¿ 31˛- mw hN-
\Ø- n¬\n∂- pw, AXns‚ hymJym\- Ø- n¬\n∂pamb- n, kv{XobpsS apJhpw ssI]S- -
ßfpw ad°- ¬ \n¿_‘- a- ns- √∂- pw \mw I≠p. AXps- Im≠v Chns- Sb- pw, ap≥Iøpw apJhpw
\n¿_‘- Ø- n¬\n∂v Hgnh- ms- W∂v a\ - ne- mt- °≠- nb- nc- n°- p∂- p. km[mc- W- \- ne- b- ne- mIp-
tºmƒ am{Xa- mWv kqdØ- p∂- qd- n¬ apJw Hgnh- m°- s- ∏´- nc- n°- p∂- s- X∂- pw, shfnb- n¬ t]mIp-
tºmƒ apJhpw adt- °≠- X- ps- ≠∂- mWv Cu hN\- Ø- ns‚ Xm¬]c- ys- a∂- pw, F¶nepw
IÆns‚ ImgNv °v `wKwh- c- mØ- h- Æw IÆpI- ƒ AXn¬\n∂v Hgnh- m°- W- s- a∂pw kzlm-
_nI- f- pw, Xm_nD- I- fpw AS°- a- p≈ ]e- al- m∑- mcpw A`n{- ]mb- s- ∏´- n´- p≠- v X- m\- pw.
]¿±s- b°- pd- n®v h∂n´- p≈ Izp¿B- s‚ {]kvXmh- \- I- fpw, \_nh- N- \- ß- fpw \njv]-
£a- mbn ]cnt- im[- n®- m¬ ChnsS \mw kzoIc- nt- °≠- p∂ \bw CXms- W∂v ImWmw:
k{v XoIƒ apJw ad°- W- s- at∂m ad°- c- ps- Xt∂m kzXth \n¿_‘- a- n√- . km[mc- W- K- -
(*)
(**) Gown, Flowing outer garment F∂v "Izmaqkv Akvco'bn-epw, Smock,
Women's gown F∂v "^dm-CZn'epw ImWmw.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
Xnb- n¬ Cu c≠ns- em∂- n¬ \n¿_‘w sNepØ- ph- m\pw ]mSn√- . ]cnX- xÿ- nXnI- f- ps- St- bm,
Np‰p]- mS- ns- ‚tbm hyXymkw A\pk- c- n®v apJhpw Ignb- p∂- {X ad°- p∂- Xv Nnet- ∏mƒ
\∂mb- nc- n°- pI- b- pw, Nnet- ∏mƒ AXymh- i- ya- mb- nØ- oc- pI- bpw sNøpw.(*)
kqdØ- p∂- qd- n¬sh®v Ckev manse ]¿±s- b∏- ‰n khnk- Xv cw hnhc- n°- s- ∏´- n´- p≈- X- p-
sIm≠v ChnsS IqSpX- ¬ Zo¿Ln∏- nt- °≠- X- n√- . Hcp Imcyw H∂pI- qSn Hm¿as- ∏S- pØ- p-
∂Xv C∂sØ ]cn-Xxÿ- nX- nb- n¬ A[nI- ∏- ‰- mh- pI- b- n√. Ckev manI kwk°v mc- ß- s- f-
bpw, [m¿anI- a- qe- yß- s- fbpw ]p—n®- ps- Im≠- p≈ `uXnI ]cnj- vImc- ß- f- psS tX¿hmgvN
\n¿hnLv\w \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ C°m-e-Øpw˛ Adnt™m Adn-bm-sX-tbm˛
apkvenwkv{XoI- f- psS ]¿±sb Ignh- Xpw sh´n°- pd- °- ph- m\- pw, AXn\- pt- h≠n Izp¿B- -
s\bpw kp∂-Øn-s\bpw Zp¿hym-Jym\w sNøp-hm-\pw, apkvenwI-fpsS ]¿±m-k-{º-
Zmbw Ahc- psS ]ptcmK- X- n°v XS - a- ms- W∂v tLmjn°- ph- m\pw apXnc- p∂ ]es- cbpw
C∂v ImWmw. Ch-cpsS sIWnb- - n¬ AIs- ∏S- mX- nc- n°- ph- m\- pw, Aßs- \, 57˛- mw hN\- -
Ønse Xm°oX- n\v ]m{Xa- mb- nØocmXnc- n°- ph- m\pw Hmtcm kXyh- ni- zmk- nbpw kq£n-
t°≠- X- mI- p∂- p.'
60 I]-S-hn-izm-kn-I-fpw, Xß-
fpsS lrZb- Ø- n¬ tcmKa- p≈- h- c- pw,
aZo-\x-bn¬ (I-≈-hm¿Ø {]N-
cn∏- n®- v) `oXn Dfh- m°- p∂- h- cpw hnc-
an°- mØ- ]- £- w, \n›b- a- mbpw (\_- n-
tb) \ns∂ \mw Ahc- n¬ Cf°- nh- n-
SpI- X- s∂ sNøpw. ]n∂oSv, Aev]am-
{X-a-√m-sX, Ah¿ Ahn-S-Øn¬
\nt∂mSv Ab¬hmkw \S-Øp-I-
bn√;
61 (AX- pw) i]n°- s- ∏´- h- c- mb
\ne-bn¬! Fhn-sS-sh®v I≠pap-´n-
bmepw Ah¿ ]nSn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw,
(\n¿±m-£nWyw) AdpsIm-e-
sNøs∏SpI- bpw sNøp∂- X- mW- .v
(*) () Ua-kvI-kvIm-c-\mb apl-ΩZv \mkn-dp-±o≥ A¬_m\o
( ) F∂ ]WvUn-X≥ (apkvenw kv{XobpsS
]¿±) F∂ t]cn¬ {]kn≤- oI- c- n®- n´- p≈ {KŸØ- n¬ Izp¿B- s- ‚b- pw, kp∂Ø- ns- ‚bpw
ASnÿ- m\- Ø- n¬ ]¿±b- psS \m\mh- i- ß- s- f°- pd- n®v khnk- Xv cw {]Xn]- mZ- n®- nc- n°- p∂- p.
CsXg- pX- ns- °m≠- nc- n°- pt- ºmg- mWv CXns‚ c≠mw]- X- n∏v ImWph- m≥ km[n®- X- v.
Cu hnj-b-I-ambn hfsc N¿® \S-Øn-b-tijw At±lw Cu A`n-{]m-b-Øn-
∂mWv ap≥KW- \ AXn¬ \¬Inb- nc- n°- p∂- X- .v ()
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
62 apºvIg- n™pt]mbn´- p≈- h- c- n¬
(kzoI- c- n-®) A√m-lph- ns‚ \S-]S- n-
{Iaw (X-s∂)! A√m-lp-hns‚ \S-]-
Sn-{I-a-Øn\v bmsXmcp am‰w hcp-
Øepw \o Is≠Ø- p∂- t- Xb- √- .
60 hnca- n®- ns- √¶- n¬ I]S- h- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ bmsXmcp
Iq´cpw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn-ep≠v tcmKw `oXnb- p≠- m°- p-
∂-hcpw aZo\- xb- n¬ \n›b- a- mbpw \ns∂ \mw Cf°- nh- nS- pw, t{]cn-
∏n°pw Ahc- n¬ ]n∂oSv Ah¿ \nt∂mSv Ab¬hmkw \SØ- pI- -
bn√ AXn¬ A¬]a- mb- n´- √- msX 61
i]n°- s- ∏´- h- c- mb- ns- °m≠v
Ah¿ Fhns- Ss- h®v ImWs- ∏´- me- pw, Ahsc I≠pap´- nb- mepw Ah¿
]nSn°- s- ∏Spw Ah¿ Adps- Ime- - sNøs- ∏S- pI- bpw sNøpw Hcp (\n-jvI-cp-
Wa- mb- ) sIme\- S- Ø- ¬ 62 bmsXmcp Iq´-
A√ml- ph- ns‚ \S]- Sn
cn¬ Ign™- pt- ]mb apºv \o Is≠Ø- p∂- t- Xb- √ A√ml- p-
hns‚ \S]- S- n°v Hcp am‰w hcp-Øepw
_mlyØ- n¬am{Xw apkev nwthjw [cn® ap\m^nI- zpI- f- pw, tZtl—- I- ƒ°pw tXm∂n-
bh- mk- ß- ƒ°pw A\pk- c- n®v Ign™- pI- qS- p∂ ]ng® a\xÿ- nX- n°- mcpw, apkev nwIƒ°nS- b- n¬
hymPh- m¿ØI- ƒ {]Nc- n∏- n®p `oXnb- pw, \Sp°- hpw D≠m°- ns- °m≠- nc- n°- p∂ BfpI- f- pw˛
Ahc- h- c- psS \ne]- mSv \ndpØ- ¬ sNømØ- ]- £w t\cnt- S≠- nh- c- p∂ `hnj- yØ- ns- \-
°pd- n®v A√mlp Xm°oXv \¬IpI- b- mW- .v F\nbpw Cu \ne Ah¿ XpS-cp-I-bm-sW-
¶n¬ Ahsc aZo\- xb- n¬\n∂v \nµy≥amc- mb \neb- n¬ B´n∏- pd- Ø- m°- ph- m≥ A√mlp
\_n °v I¬]\ sImSp°pw; ]n∂oS- h- ¿°v Ab¬]°- s- Øm∂pw Xmak- n°- ph- m≥ \n¿∆m-
la- p≠- mb- nc- n°- b- n√; h√ Ahkchpw AXn\- h- ¿°v e`n®- m¬Xs- ∂, i]n°- s- ∏´ Hcp h¿K-
amb- n´- √- msX Pohn°- ph- m\pw km[ya- mI- pI- b- n√; ImcW- w, In´nt- bS- Ø- ps- h®v Ahsc
]nSn®p \njvIc- pWw sIme sNbvXp-If- -bp-∂-XmW- v. CXmWv Xm°o-Xv. Cu hN\w
Ah-X-cn-
®X- n\- v tijw A[nIw Xmak- nb- msX apkev nwIƒ°v CØc- °- mc- psS ieyw C√mX- m-
bn-Øo-cp-I-bpw, aZo-\x-bn¬ Ah-cpsS {]Xm]w \mam-h-ti-j-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
63 a\p-jy¿ A¥y-k-a-b-sØ-
∏‰n \nt∂mSv tNmZn°- p∂- p. \o ]d-
bpI: "\n›b- a- mb- pw, AXns‚ Adnhv
A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬ am{Xa- mI- p∂- p.' (\_- n-
tb) \n\°v Adn-bn-®p-X-cp-∂Xv
F¥m-Wv. [\n\°v F¥-dnbmw]?!
A¥y-k-abw (H-cp-]-t£) ASpØ
Ahk- c- Ø- n¬ D≠mt- b°- mw.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
64 Ahni- zmk- nI- sf \n›b- -
ambpw A√mlp i]n-®n-cn-°p∂p;
Ah¿°v Pzen°- p∂ A·nsb Ah≥
Hcp°- pI- bpw sNbXv nc- n°- p∂p;˛
65 AXn¬ (Ah- ¿) Fs∂∂pw
\nXy-hm-kn-I-fmb \ne-bn¬.
bmsXmcp _‘ph- ns- \b- mI- s- ´, klm-
b-I-s\-bm-Is´ Ah¿ Is≠-Øp-I-
bn√- .
66 \cI- Ø- n¬ Ahc- psS apJ-
߃ adn®- nS- s- ∏S- p∂ Znhkw (A∂- v)
Ah¿ ]d™- ps- Im≠- nc- n°pw: "lm!
R߃ A√ml- ph- ns\ A\pk- c- n°- p-
Ib- pw, dkqe- ns\ A\pk- c- n°- pI- bpw
sNbvXnc- ps- ∂¶- n¬ \∂mt- bt\!'
63 \nt∂mSv tNmZn°- p∂- p, tNmZn°pw a\p-jy¿ A¥y-k-
a-b-sØ-∏‰n \o ]d-bpI \n›b- a- mbpw AXns‚ Adnh- ,v hnhcw
A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬ am{Xa- mWv Fs¥m∂- mWv \n\°- d- nb- n®p Xcp∂- Xv
A¥yk- a- bw Btb°mw D≠m-hpI ASpØv 64 \n›b- a- mbpw
A√mlp Ahni- zmk- nI- sf i]n®- nc- n°- p∂p Ah¿°v Hcp°- pIbpw
sNbXv ncn°- p∂p
Pzen°- p∂ Xo 65 imizX- c- mb \neb- n¬ AXn¬
F°me- hpw Ah¿ Is≠Ø- pI- b- n√ Hcp _‘ps- hbpw
klmb- I- s- \bpw C√ 66 ad-®n-S-s∏-Sp∂ Znhkw Ah-cpsS
apJß- ƒ \cI- Ø- n¬ Ah¿ ]d-™ps- Im≠- nc- n°pw lm Rß-fm-bn-
cp-s∂-¶n¬ \∂m-tb-t\ R߃ A√m-lp-hns\ A\p-k-cn-®n-cp∂p
dkqe- ns- \bpw A\pk- c- n®- nc- p∂p (F¶- n¬)
67 Ah¿ (C-ß-s\) ]d-bp-
Ibpw sNøpw: "Rß-fpsS c£n-
Xmth! R߃ Rßf- psS t\Xm°- -
sf-bpw, Rß-fpsS aq∏≥am-scbpw
A\pk- c- n®- pI- f- ™p; Aßs- \, Ah¿
Rßsf hgn ]ng∏- n®- nc- n°- b- mW;v
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
68 "Rß-fpsS c£n-Xmth!
Ah¿°v in£b- n¬\n∂v c≠nc- ´n \o
\¬tIW- ta! Ahsc hºn® im]w
i]n°- pI- bpw sNtøW- ta!!'
67 Ah¿ ]db- pI- bpw sNøpw RßfpsS c£n-Xmth \n›b- -
ambpw R߃ R߃ A\pk- c- n®p Rßf- psS t\Xm°- sf
Rßf- n¬ henb- h- sc (aq∏- ≥ams- c)bpw Aßs\ Ah¿ Rßsf hgn]ng-
∏n®p 68 Rßf- psS dt∫ \o Ah¿°v sImSpt- °W- ta c≠n-c´n
in£b- n¬ \n∂v Ahsc \o i]n°- pI- bpw thWta hep-
Xmb (h-ºn-®) im]w
A¥yk- a- b- a- mI- p∂ {]fb- L- ´- s- Ø∏- ‰n tNmZn°- p∂- h- t- cmSv AXns- \°- pd- n®v A√m-
lph- n\- av- m{- Xta Adnh- p≈- qs- h∂v adp]- Sn ]db- ph- m≥ \_n t- bmSv I¬]n°- p∂- p. A√m-
lph- √- mØ Hcmƒ°pw CXv kw_‘- n® hnhcw Ah≥ \¬Inb- n´- n√- mØ ÿnXn°v \_n
°v AsXß- ns\ Adnb- ph- m≥ km[n°pw?! F∂m¬, AXns- \°- pd- n®v tNmZyws- Nø- p-
∂h- ¿, hmkvXh- Ø- n¬ acW- m\- ¥- c- P- oh- nX- s- Øb- pw, ]ct- emI- s- Øbpw \ntj[- n°- p-
∂h- c- mW- .v BIb- m¬, A∂sØ Znhkw B \ntj[- nI- f- psS Ahÿ F¥mb- nc- n°- p-
sa∂v A√mlp XpS¿∂p hnhc- n°- p∂- p. AYh- m, A¥yk- a- bw Ft∏ms- g∂- √ Ah¿
At\zj- nt- °≠- Xv; AXns- \Ø- pS- ¿∂p≠- mI- p∂ kw`h- - hnI- mk- ß- s- fb- pw, A∂sØ
Ahc- psS ÿnXnK- X- nI- s- fbpw kw_‘- n®- mWv At\zj- n®- d- nt- b≠- Xv F∂v Ahsc Hm¿an-
∏n°- p∂- p.
hn`mKw ˛ 8
69 tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc,
\n߃ bmsXmcp Iq´-sc-t]mse
Bh-cpXv: Ah¿ aqkmsb iey-s∏-
SpØ- pI- b- pw, F∂n´v Ah¿ ]d™- -
Xn¬\n∂v A√mlp At±l- sØ Hgn-
hm(°n \nc]- c- m[- nXzw sXfnb- n)°- p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. At±lw A√ml- p-
hns‚ ASp°- ¬ {]apJ- \- mb Hcmf- p-
am-bn-cp-∂p.
69 tl, hn-iz-kn-®-htc \n߃ BIc- pXv
bmsXmcp Iq´-sc-t∏mse Ah¿ aqkmsb iey-s∏-SpØn -F-∂n-´-
t±l- sØ A√mlp Hgnh- m°- n, \nc]- c- m[- nb- m°n Ah¿ ]d™- X- n¬ \n∂v
At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p-Xm\pw A√ml- ph- ns‚ ASp°- ¬ {]ap-J≥
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
57, 58 F∂o Bb-Øp-I-fpsS hnh-c-W-Øn¬\n∂v "iey-s∏-Sp-ØpI' F∂-Xns‚
hnhn[ cq]ß- ƒ \mw a\ - ne- m°- nb- t- √m. aqkm \_n (A)°v At±l- Ø- ns‚ kapZ- mb- -
Øn¬\n∂v A\p`- h- s- ∏´ ieyß- ƒ \nch- [- nb- ms- W∂v ]dt- b≠- X- n√- . At±l- Ø- ns‚
{]hmN- I- X- zsØ \ntj[- n®- nc- p∂ {]Xy£ i{Xph- n`- mK- °- mc- n¬ \n∂v am{Xa- √- , At±-
lØ- ns‚ kz¥w P\X- b- mb CkvdmCue- yc- n¬\n∂- v t- ]mepw [mcmfw ieyß- ƒ At±-
lØ- n\v A\p`- h- nt- °≠n h∂nc- p∂- p. Ahb- n¬ GsX¶- nepw Nne hnjb- ß- s- f°- pd- n®v
ChnsS {]tXyIw kqN\- I- s- fm∂pw A√mlp \¬Inb- n´- n√- . F∂nc- ns- °, ChnsS Ah
samØ-Øn¬ Dt±-in-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Icp-tX-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Izp¿-B-\n-epw,
lZoYnepw, alm≥amc- psS {KŸß- f- nepw ImWs- ∏S- p∂ ]e kw`h- ß- fpw ChnsS
AXn\v DZml- c- W- a- mbn FSp°- mh- p∂- X- pa- mI- p∂- p.
i{Xp°- f- pa- mbn bp≤w \St- Ø≠- p∂ L´w h∂t- ∏mƒ CkvdmCu-ey¿ aqkm \_n
(A)t- bmSv ]d™p:"\obpw, \ns‚ d∫pw t]mbn bp≤ws- Nb- Xv ps- Im≈- pI- . Rßf- nh- nsS
Ccn°- pI- b- mW- .v ' ˛ ˛ () "Xol'v acp`- qa- nb- n¬sh®v
"a∂m'bpw"k¬hm'bpw(Hcp Xcw I´n-tØ-\pw,ImS-∏-£n-bpw) kp`n£w e`n-®p-sIm-
≠nc- p∂ Ahk- c- Ø- n¬ Ah¿ ]d™p: "\n›b- a- mbpw R߃ Htc `£W- Ø- n≥ta¬
£an®- ps- Im≠- nc- n°- pI- b- n√- .'˛(˛) as‰mc- h- k- c- Ø- n¬ Ah¿
iTn®p: "R߃ A√ml- ph- ns\ ]ck- ya- mb- n°- mW- pt- hmfw \ns∂ R߃ hnizk- n°- p-
Ib- n√- .' ˛ ˛() aqkm \_n (A) XudmØv G‰p-hm-
ßph- m≥th≠n ko\m]- ¿∆X- Ø- n¬ t]mbn h∂t∏mtg°pw Ah¿ ]ip°- p´- nsb ssZh-
am°n Bcm[- n® kw`hw {]kn≤- a- mW- v. Cßs\ ]eX- pw.
aqkm (A) hfsc e÷mi- oe- \- mb- nc- p∂- ps- h∂- pw, AXn\- m¬ icoc- Ø- ns‚ A¬]-
`mKw shfn-hm-Ip-∂-Xn¬ At±lw hfsc kt¶m-N-s∏-´n-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, At±-l-Øn\v
sh≈∏- mtfim at‰m D≈X- ps- Im≠- mW- s- X∂v P\ß- ƒ ]d™- p]- c- Ø- pI- b- p≠- ms- b∂- pw,
At±lw GI\- mbn Ipfn°- ph- m≥th≠n hk{v Xß- ƒ Agn®- ps- h® Hch- k- c- Ø- n¬ B
{]kvXm-h\ icn-b-s√∂v P\-ßsf t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ A√mlp Hcp Ah-kcw
D≠m°- ns- b∂pw \_n {]kvXmh- n®- nc- n°- p∂- p. XpS¿∂ps- Im≠v Cu Izp¿-B≥h-
N\w Xncpt- a\n HmXpI- bpw sNbvXp. (AlvaZv, _pJmcn (d) apXe- mb- h- ¿ CXv D≤cn®n-
cn°- p∂- p.) lmdq≥ \_n (A)sb ImWmX- mb Hch- k- c- Ø- n¬ aqkm (A) At±l- sØ
sImes- ∏S- pØ- nb- nc- n°- p∂p F∂pw a‰pa- p≈ thsd Btcm]- W- ß- fpw At±l- Ø- ns‚
t]cn¬ \SØ- s- ∏´- X- mbn Nne cnhmb- Ø- pI- ƒ ImWmw.
Cßs- \b- p≈ bmsXmcp ieyß- fpw \_n Xncpt- a\n °v kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- f- n¬\n∂v
D≠mI- c- ps- X∂pw Aßs\ h√Xpw Bsc¶- nepw {]h¿Øn®- m¬ AXns‚ ^ew Ah¿
A\p`- h- nt- °≠n hcps- a∂- √- msX \_n °v AXps- Im≠v tZmjs- am∂pw ]nWb- ph- m-
\ns- √∂- pw,- A√mlp Xncpt- a\- nb- psS \nc]- c- m[- nXzw sXfnbn°pI- X- s∂ sNøps- a∂pw
kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- sf A√mlp CXpa- qew Xm°oXv sNøp∂- p. \_n P\ß- ƒ°nS- b- n¬
s]mXpk- zØ- p°- ƒ `mKn®- ps- Im≠- nc- ns° Hcmƒ ]db- pI- b- p≠- mbn: "A√ml- ph- ns‚ {]oXn
Dt±i- n®- n´- n√- mØ Hcp Hmlcn sNøe- mW- nX- v.' CXpt- I´- t- ∏mƒ Xncpt- a\- nb- psS apJw
Nph∂- p. AhnS- p∂v ]d™p: "A√ml- ph- ns‚ ImcpWyw aqkm \_nb- ne- p≠- mI- s´! CXn-
s\°- mƒ henb tXmXn¬ At±l- Ø- n\v ieyw _m[n°- pI- b- p≠- mb- n´- p≠- .v F∂n´pw
At±lw AXv £an-®p.'
()
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
70 tl, hniz-kn-®-h-tc,
\n߃ A√ml- ph- ns\ kq£n°- p-
hn≥; t\sc sNm∆mb hm°p]- d- b- p-
Ibpw sNøph- n≥;˛
70 tl, hniz-kn-®-htc \n߃ A√ml- ph- ns\ kq£n-
°ph- n≥ ]db- pI- bpw sNøph- n≥ sNm∆mb (t\c- mb- ) hm°v
71 (F∂- m¬) Ah≥ \n߃ °v
\nßf- psS I¿aß- sf \∂m°- nØ- c- p-
Ib- pw, \nßf- psS ]m]ß- ƒ \n߃°v
s]mdpØ- pX- c- pI- bpw sNøpw. A√m-
lp-hn-s\-bpw, Ahs‚ dkq-en-
s\bpw B¿ A\pk- c- n°- p∂- pt- hm,
Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥ hºn® `mKyw
{]m]n-®p.
71 Ah≥ \n߃°v \∂m°- nØ- cpw \nß-fpsS I¿a-
ßsf, {]h¿Ø\- ß- sf \n߃°v s]mdpØ- pX- c- pI- bpw sNøpw
\nß-fpsS ]m]-ßsf Bsc-¶nepw A\p-k-cn-®m¬, B¿ hgn-s∏-´pthm
A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ dkq-en-s\bpw F∂m-e-h≥ `mKyw
{]m]n®p hºn® `mKyw, hnPbw
c≠v Imcyß- ƒ A√mlp ChnsS kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- s- f D]t- Zi- n°- p∂- p. c≠v Imcy-
߃ Aht- cmSv hmKvZm\- hpw sNøp∂- p.- A\pk- c- W- hpw k¬I¿ahpw hgn A√ml- p-
hns\ kq£n°- pI- , AYhm Aht- \mSv `b`- ‡- nb- p≠- mb- nc- n°- pI- , A{Ia- Ø- ns- ‚bpw
A\ymb- Ø- ns- ‚bpw Ie¿∏n√- mØ t\sc sNm∆mb hm°pI- ƒ ]db- pI- , CXmWv c≠v
D]t- Zi- ß- ƒ. Cu c≠v D]t- Zi- ß- ƒ kzoIc- n°- p∂ kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°v Ahc- psS I¿a-
ßfpw {]hrØ- nI- fpw Ah≥ \∂m°- ns- °mS- p°- pw. AYhm \√ {]h¿Ø\- ß- ƒ°v th≠p∂
klm-bhpw ]cn-Xxÿ- nX- nI- fpw {]Zm\w sNbIv bpw, AXn\v \√ {]Xn^- e- ß- ƒ \¬Ip-
Ibpw sNøpw. CXs{X hmKZv m\- ß- ƒ. Npcp°- n∏- d- ™- m¬, A√ml- ph- ns- ‚bpw dkqe- ns- ‚bpw
I¬]\- m\- n¿t±i- ß- ƒ A\pk- c- n®p Pohn°- p∂- X- mtcm Ah¿Xs- ∂b- mWv ClØ- nepw
]cØ- nepw hºn® `mKyw kn≤n°- p∂- h- ¿.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
72 BIm-i-ß-fp-sS-bpw, `qan-
bp-sS-bpw, ]¿∆-X-ß-fp-sS-bpw-ta¬
(Cu) "Aam-\Øn's\ \mw (F-Sp-
Øv) Im´p-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂m-eh
AXv Gs‰S- p°- p∂- X- n\v hnkΩ- X- n°- p-
Ib- pw, AXns- \∏- ‰n t]Sn°- pI- bpw
sNbvXp. a\p-jy≥ AXv Gs‰-Sp-
Øp. \n›b- a- mbpw Ah≥, A{Ia- I- m-
cn-bpw, Adn-hp-sI-´-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p.
72 \n›b- a- mbpw \mw \mw Im´n, {]Z¿in-∏n®p Aam-\-Øns\
BImi- ß- f- ps- St- a¬ `qan-bp-sSbpw ]¿∆X- ß- f- ps- Sbpw
At∏m-gh hnk-Ω-Xn®p Ah AXv Gs‰S- p°- p∂- X- n\- ,v hln°- p∂- X- n\v
Ah t]Sn°- pI- bpw sNbXv p AXn-s\-∏‰n AXv Gs‰-Sp-Øp,
hln®p a\p-jy≥ \n›b- a- mbpw Ah\- mI- p∂p A{I-a-Imcn
Adn-hp-sI-´-h≥, aqV≥
73 I]S- h- ni- zmknI- f- mb ]pcp-
j≥ams- cbpw kv{XoIs- fbpw, _lp-
ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb ]pcp-j≥am-
scbpw kv{XoI-sfbpw A√mlp
in£n°- ph- m≥ th≠nb- s{X (AX- )v ;
kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- f- mb ]pcpj- ≥amc- p-
sSbpw kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw ta¬
A√mlp ]›mØ- m]w kzoIc- n°- p-
hm\pw (th≠nb- mI- p∂- p). A√mlp
hfsc s]mdp°- p∂- h- \pw IcpW- m\- n-
[n-bp-am-Ip-∂p.
73 A√mlp in£n°- ph- m≥ th≠n I]Shnizmk- nI- s- f
I]Shnizm-kn-\n-I-sf-bpw _lp-ssZh hnizm-kn-I-tf-bpw -
_-lp-ssZh hnizm-kn-\n-I-sf-bpw A- √- mlp ]›mØ- m]w (aS- °- w) kzoIc- n-
°ph- m\- pw kXy hnizmk- nI- f- psS ta¬ kXy hnizm-kn-\n-I-fp-
sS-bpw A- √- mlp BIp∂- p h- fsc s]mdp°- p∂- h- ≥ - I-cpWm\n[n
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
"Aam-\Øv' ( ) F∂m¬, hnizmk- ]- q¿∆w Hcmf- psS ]°¬ kq£n°- ph- m≥ G¬]n-
°s- ∏S- p∂ A\maØ- v˛ AYhm kq£n∏- v hk- vXp˛ F∂mI- p∂- p. hnizk- vXX F∂s{X
hm°ns‚ km£m¬ A¿∞w. A√ml- ph- ns‚ \nba- \- n¿t±i- ß- f- mI- p∂ aXi- mk- \- -
Ifm ()Wv ChnsS hnh£- . \n¿_‘- \- nb- a- ß- ƒ () F∂pw, A\p-k-
cWw () F∂pw a‰pw Nne alm≥am¿ Cu "Aam\- Øn'\v hnh£ \¬Imd- ps- ≠-
¶nepw, Ahs- b√- mwX- s∂ kmcØ- n¬ ]ck- ]v cw tbmPn®- t- Xm, As√¶- n¬ Aam\- Ø- nse
Nne {][m\ hiß- sf Nq≠n°- m´- p∂- tXm BsW∂- vImW- mw.
hfsc A¿∞K- ¿`a- mb- X- pw, BgØ- n¬ Nn¥n®p {Klnt- °≠- X- pa- mb hN\- ß- f- m-
WnX- v. BImi- `- qa- nI- f- pw, ]¿∆X- ß- f- ps- a√mw krjvSnI- f- n¬ hºn®- X- v Xs- ∂. F¶nepw
Ahb- psS {]IrX- nk- z`- mh- ß- ƒ Cu Aam\- Ø- mI- p∂ imk\- m`- mcw G‰ph- mßn kzoI-
cn°- ph- m≥ ]cym]- Xv ß- f- √- . AYhm AXv Ahb°v v tbmPn®- X- √- . tIhew Hcp sNdpP- o-
hn-bmb a\p-jys‚ BIr-Xnbpw, {]Ir-Xnbpw H∂p-th-sd-bm-Wv. hnti-j-_p-≤n-bpw,
hnthN- \- mi- ‡- nb- pw, Ah\v {]Zm\w sNøs- ∏´- nc- n°- p∂- p. AXps- Im≠v Cu Aam-\Øv
G‰ph- mß- ph- m\- pw, AXv ssIImcyw sNøm\pw A¿l≥ Ah\- s- {X. AXv Ah∂- mWv
tbmPn∏- pw. Aßs- \, {]kvXpX kq£n∏vapX¬ A√mlp a\pj- ys- \b- mWv G¬]n®- -
Xpw, a\pj- y\- mW- Xv Gs‰S- pØ- X- pw. D]am cq]Ø- n¬ ]d™ BZysØ hN\- Ø- ns‚
cX\v ®- pc- p°w CXmI- p∂- p.
Cu Aam-\-Øns‚ Kuc-h-sØ-bmWv (Ah AXns- \∏- ‰n t]Sn°- bpw
sNbvXp) F∂ hmIyw Ipdn°- p∂- X- v. (a\- pj- y≥ AXv Gs‰S- p°- pI- bpw
sNbXv p) F∂v ]d™- X- ns‚ Xm¬]c- yw, Ahs‚ {]IrX- nh- nt- ij- X AXns\ A\pI- q-
en®- ps- h∂- pa- mI- p∂- p. As√¶- n¬ Nne Izp¿B- ≥ hymJymX- m°- ƒ {]kXv mh- n°- p∂- X- v -
t]ms- e, CXv Bflob temIØ- vsh®v \S∂ kw`h- sØ D≤c- n®- X- pa- mb- nc- n°- mw. AXm-
bXv: A√ml- ph- ns‚ GIX- zsØ kΩX- n®psIm≠p≈ Hcp Icm¿ Bflob- t- emI- -
Øvsh®v A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv a\p-jy-h¿Kw \S-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p-s≠∂v kq: AAv-dm^v
172 ¬ A√mlp {]kXv mh- n®- n´- p≠- .v AXtv ]me- b- p≈ Hcp kw`h- a- mb- nc- n°- pw.
GXm-bmepw Bb-Øn-e-S-ßnb XXzw \mw apI-fn¬ {]kvXm-hn-
®-Xv X-s∂.
aXi- mk- \- I- f- mI- p∂ Aam\- Øv Gs‰S- pØXv a\pj- y\- ms- W∂v ]d™- nc- n°- s- Im≠v
ae°- pI- f- nt- em, Pn∂pI- f- ntem A√ml- ph- ns‚ bmsXmc- ph- n[ imk\- I- fpw D≠mh- pI- -
bns- √∂v A¿∞a- n√- . Pn∂h-v ¿KsØ \ntj[- n°- p∂- h- c- pw, ae°- pI- sf hnZyp—- ‡- nt- ]m-
ep≈ Ft¥m Nne i‡nI- f- mbn Nn{XoI- c- n°- p∂- h- cpw Xßf- psS s]m≈h- mZ- ß- ƒ°v CXp-
t]ms- eb- p≈ Nne Izp¿B- ≥ hmIyß- sf NqjWw sNømd- p≠- v. kµ¿t`mN- nXw \ma-
Xns\ ]et- ∏mgpw Nq≠n°- m´- md- p≠- .v ae°- pI- s- f∏- ‰n kq: Xlcv oan¬
(A√- mlp Aht- cmSv I¬]n®- X- n\v Ah¿ A\pk- c- W- t- °Sv
sNbIv b- n√: Aht- cmSv I¬]n°- s- ∏S- p∂- Xv Ah¿ sNøpI- bpw sNøpw.) F∂v ]d™- n´- p≈- -
Xpw, Pn∂p-I-sfbpw a\p-jy-sc-bpw-Ip-dn®v kq: Zmcn-bm-Øn¬
(-Pn-∂n-s\bpw "C≥kns\' ˛a-\p-jys\ ˛bpw Fs∂ Bcm-[n-°p-hm-\-
√sX Rm≥ krjSv n®- n´- n√- .) F∂pwa- ‰pw A√mlp ]d™- nc- n°- p∂- Xpw ChnsS Hm¿t°≠- -
XmI- p∂- p. ]t£, ae°- pI- t- fmS- pw, Pn∂pI- t- fmSpap≈ imk\- I- ƒ Ahc- psS {]IrX- n-
kz`- mh- ß- ƒ°pw, {]tXyI- X- I- ƒ°pw A\pt- bmP- ya- mb- nc- n°- ps- a∂- pw, \ap°v AXns- \∏- ‰n
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
˛Izp¿-B-\ntem lZo-Yntem {]kvXm-hn-®p-I-≠-X-√m-sX˛ H∂pw Xo¿Øp-]-d-bp-hm≥
km[ya- s- √∂pw hy‡a- mW- v.
A√m-lph- ns‚ Aam-\Ø- mI- p∂ Cu NpaX- e- m`- mcw Gs‰S- p°- pI- h- gn a\pj- y≥
hºn® Hcp DØ-c-hm-ZnØw G‰n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. B DØ-c-hm-ZnØw th≠-Xp-
t]mse \ndt- h‰- p∂- ]- £w Ah≥ D¬Irj- vS\- pw, alm`- mK- yh- m\- pa- mI- p∂- p. F∂m¬,
Ahs‚ s]mXp-\ne t\m°p-tºmƒ Ah≥ A{I-a-Im-cn-bpw, A\oXn sNøp-∂-h
-\p-amWv; Ah≥ Adn-hp-sI-´-h\pw t`mj-\p-am-Wv. ]e hnUvVn-Ø-Ønepw Ah≥
sN∂p-Nm-Spw.
a\pj- yk- l- P- a- mW- s- X√- mw. ]e t{]cW- I- ƒ°pw, Xm¬°me- nI- a- mb tZtl—- I- ƒ°pw,
hnhn[ hnNmc- h- nI- mc- ß- ƒ°pw Ah≥ hnt[b- \- mI- pw. Aßs- \, `hnj- yØ- ns- \∏- ‰n
BtemN- n°- msX A\oX- nbpw hnUVv nØ- hpw Ah≥ {]h¿Øn°- pI- bpw sNøpw. CXn-
s\s- b√mw AXnP- b- n®- ps- Im≠v Xs‚ bYm¿∞P- oh- nX- Ø- n\- v th≠n ]cn{- ia- n°- m\- m-
h-iy-amb D]m-[n-Iƒ Ahs‚ hiw-X-s∂-bp-≠v Xm-\pw. \∑-I-sfbpw Xn∑-I-sfbpw
hnthN- n®- d- nb- ph- m\- p≈ _p≤ni- ‡n Ah\- ne- p≠- v. IqSms- X, Ahs‚ bYm¿∞a- mb
hnP-b-Øn\v Bkv]-Z-amb kIe am¿KZ¿i-\-ßfpw {]hm-N-I≥am¿ aptJ\ bYm-
hn[n A√mlp sImSpØ- c- pf- nb- n´- pa- p≠- v. Npcp°- Ø- n¬, Hcp hiØv Ahs\ hºn®
\mi-K¿ØØ- nt- e°v BgvØp∂ Zpjvt{]-cW- I- f- pw, as‰mc- ph- i- Øv Ahs\ alm-`m-
KyØ- nt- e°v Db¿Øns- °m≠- pt- ]mI- p∂ k¬t{]c- W- I- fpw Ahs‚ IqsSb- p≠- .v Ch
c≠n¬ GXmW- h- ≥ A\pk- c- n°- p∂- X?v GXn\- mWv Ah≥ ap≥KW- \ \¬Ip∂- X?v
Cu ]co£- W- a- s{X "Aam\- Øv' G¬]n°- s- ∏´- X- ns‚ Dt±i- yw.
Zpjtv {]c- W- I- ƒ°v hiwh- Z- \- mbn, A√ml- ph- ns\ [n°c- n°- p∂ apicv nt°m ap\m^- ntIzm
BbnØ- oc- pI- b- ms- W¶- n¬, A√ml- ph- n¶- ¬\n∂v Ah\v in£ e`n°- p∂- p. AX√- , k¬t{]-
cW- I- ƒ°\- pk- c- n®- ps- Im≠v A√mlphn\v Iogsv ]´v Pohn°- p∂ apAa-v n\- mh- pI- b- ms- W-
¶n¬, kzm`mh- nI- a- mbn hcp∂ Ahs‚ sX‰pI- p‰- ß- ƒ°v A√mlp am∏v \¬IpIbpw,
Ahs‚ Ir]mI- S- m£- Ø- n\v ]m{Xa- m°- pI- bpw sNøpw. ]pcpj- s- \t∂m kv{Xosbt∂m
ChnsS hIt- `Z- a- n√- . c£mi- n£- I- f- psS am\Z- WvUw F√mh- ¿°pw H∂pX- s- ∂.
A√mlp \aps- °√mw s]mdpØ- pX- c- pI- b- pw, IcpW \¬IpI- bpw sNøs- ´. A√mlp
G¬]n® Aam\- Øv th≠X- t-v ]mse ImØpk- q£- n°- ph- m≥ Ah≥ \ap°v Xu^oIzv
\¬Is- ´. Bao≥.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
hymJym\- °- pd- n∏v:
\_n Xncp-ta\n ()bpsS hnhml- ß- ƒ
Ckvemans‚ sshcn-Iƒ, AXn-s‚bpw, A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-cmb \_n Xncp-ta\n
bps- Sbpw t]cn¬ ]e Bt£]- ß- fpw A]h- mZ- ß- fpw Cd°- pa- Xn sNøpI ]Xnh- mW- v.
A°q´- Ø- n¬ H∂s{X \_n bpsS hnhml- ß- fpw. apkev nwIƒ°v Ihn™- ]- £w \mev
`mcya- msc kzoIc- n°- ph- mt\ ]mSp≈- q. (*) AtX ka-bØv \_n Ncaw {]m]n°- p-
tºmƒ AhnS- pt- Ø°v HºXv `mcya- mc- p≠- mb- nc- p∂- p. At∏mƒ \_n Hcp s]¨tam-
ln-bpw, Imam-k‡\pw Bbn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv ChcpsS Bt£-]-Øn-s‚bpw A]-
hm-Z-Øn-s‚bpw BsI-Øp-I. ]WvUn-tXm-Nn-X-hpw, hkvXp-\n-jvT-hp-amb F{Xtbm
adp]- S- nI- ƒ ]ec- mepw CXn\v \¬Is- ∏´- pI- g- n™- n´- p≠- .v ]t£, AsXm∂pw sNhns- °m≈- p-
hm≥ Ahc- psS ÿm]nX Xm¬]c- yß- ƒ Ahsc A\ph- Z- n°- md- n√- . {]hmN- I- ≥amc- psS
ÿm\]- Z- h- nI- f- pw, kapZ- mb- hpw Ahcpw XΩne- p≈ sI´p]- mSpw a‰pw a\ - ne- m°- pI- bpw,
hneb- nc- pØ- pI- bpw sNøp∂- h- ¿t° B adp]- S- nI- ƒ ^e{- ]Z- a- mI- pI- b- p≈- q. Cu hnj-b-
I-am-bn˛ Cu kqdØ- ne- pw, a‰v ]teS- ß- f- ne- pw˛ h∂n´- p≈ Izp¿B- s‚ {]kvXmh- \- -
Iƒ ]cnt- im[- n°- pI- b- pw, \_n Xncpt- a\n -bpsS Hmtcm hnhm-lhpw \S∂ ]cn-Xx-
ÿnX- nI- ƒ {Kln°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- ]- £w B¿°pw ChnsS bmsXmcp Bt£]- Ø- n\- pw,
Bib- °- pg- ∏- Ø- n\pw hgnb- n√- . \_n Xncpt- a\n bpsS hnhml- ß- s- f°- pd- n®v Hcp
Npcpß- nb hnhc- Ww \¬IpI am{Xa- mWv Cu Ipdn-∏ns‚ Dt±-iyw.
\_n bpsS H∂m-asØ hnhmlw
JZoPx (d)bpsS hnhm-l-amWv \_n bpsS H∂m-asØ hnhm-lw. A∂v Xncp-
ta\- n°v 25 hb v {]mba- mW- .v ZmºX- yP- oh- nX- Ø- n¬ {]thi- n°- ph- m≥ hfsc D]b- p‡- -
amb {]mbw-X-s∂. F∂m¬, JZoPx (d)-bm-I-s´, apºv c≠v hnhmlw Ign-bp-Ibpw,
40 hbs- Øn htbm[- nI- b- mb- nØ- oc- pI- bpw sNbXv nc- n°- p∂- p. A_Zv p¬ apØze- n_- ns‚
]u{X\- mb aplΩ- Z- ns‚ khnt- ij- k- z`- mh- ß- f- pw, At±l- Ø- ns‚ `mhns- b°- pd- n®- p≈
k¬{]X- o£- I- fpw B alX- nsb BI¿jn®- p. Izpssdi- nI- f- n¬ X\n°- p≈ Io¿Ønÿ- m\- -
ßt- fm, Xs‚ [\m[- nI- yt- am, As√¶- n¬ aplΩ- Z- ns‚ A\mY- mh- ÿ- t- bm, Zmcn{- Zyt- am˛
H∂pw-X-s∂˛ B alXn ]cn-K-Wn-®n-√. JZoPx (d)-bpsS A`n-em-j-a-\p-k-cn®v Xncp-
ta-\n-bpsS ]nXr-hy≥ A_q-Xzm-en_v apJm-¥cw B hnhmlw \S-∂p. 25 Imc-\mb
bphmh- pw, 40 Imcnb- mb htbm[- nI- bpw XΩne- p≈ B hnhml- _- ‘w 25 h¿jw \ne-
\n∂- p. CXn∂nSb°v v Fs¥¶- nepw s]mcpØ- t- °t- Sm, kzct- ®¿®b- n√- mb- av tbm Ah¿°n-
Sb- n¬ D≠mb- n√- . \_n as‰mcp hnhml- mt- emN- \ \SØ- pI- bpw D≠mb- n´- n√- . thW-
sa¶- n¬ AXn\v bmsXmcp XS - hpap≠mb- nc- p∂- n√- X- m\- pw. Xncpt- a\- nb- psS Ggpa- °- -
fn¬ C_dv mlow F∂ aIs- \mg- n®v _m°n F√mhcpw Cu hnhml- Ø- n¬ P\n®- h- c- -
s{X. \_n -bpsS k¥m-\-]-c-ºc tijn-®Xpw Ah-cn¬ \n∂p-X-s∂. \_n -
bpsS kt¥m-j-k-¥m-]-ß-fn-epw, {]t_m-[-\-Ir-Xy-ß-fn-ep-sa√mw JZoPx (d) hln®
(*) \mev `mcya- m¿hsc th≠nh- ∂- m¬ Hcmƒ°v hnhmlw sNøms- a∂ Ckev manI
\nba- s- Ø°- pd- n®v Ckev mans‚ sshcnI- ƒ°pw, bp‡nh- mZ- °- m¿°pw Bt£]- a- n√- m-
Xn√- . CXv kw_‘- n®v kq: \nkmC- ¬sh®v \mw ]cma- ¿in®- n´- p≠- .v
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
]¶v Ncn-{X-{]-kn-≤-am-Wv. Ah¿ Ncaw {]m]n® sIm√-Øn\v "ZpxJ-h¿jw' ()
F∂p-t]mepw \_n t]cn´- p. Xncpt- a\- nb- psS hntbmK- wh- s- cbpw Ahs- c°- pd- n®- p≈
{]iw-k-I-fpw, A\p-kva-c-W-Ifpw Xncp-ta-\n-bn¬ {]I-S-am-bn-cp-∂p.
BCix (d) ]db- pI- b- mWv: "F\n°v JZoPx (d)b- psS t]cn¬ tXm∂nb A{X
hnjaw \_n bpsS a‰v `mcy-am-cpsS t\sc-sbm∂pw D≠m-bn-´n-√. Rm≥ JZoPx
(d)sb I≠n´- pt- ]me- pa- n√- . ]t£, Xncpt- a\n Ahs- c°- pd- n®v [mcmfw {]kvXmh- n®- p-
sIm≠- nc- n°- pw. Nnet- ∏mƒ Hcp BSns\ AdpØ- m¬, AXv IjWv n®v JZoP- xb- psS tXmgn-
am¿°v Ab®- ps- ImSp°pw. Aßs\ Rm≥ ]dt- ™°pw: Clt- emI- Øv JZoP- xb- √- msX
thsd s]Æns- √∂v tXm∂p∂p! At∏mƒ Xncpt- a\n adp-]Sn ]dbpw: "AsX, Ah¿
Aßs- \b- mb- nc- p∂- p, Cßs- \b- mb- nc- p∂- p, F\n°v Ahc- n¬\n∂- mWv k¥m\- ß- f- p≠- m-
bXv Fs∂ms°'. (_p; ap.) H∂ma- X- mbn Ckveman¬ hnizk- n®- Xpw JZoPx (d)b- m-
sW∂mWv ]e Ncn-{X-Im-c≥am-cp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-bw.
CsX√mw ap∂n¬sh®- ps- Im≠v BtemN- n®- m¬, JZoPx (d)b- psS Imet- ij- w˛ 50
hb v {]mbs- aØ- nb \_n ˛ thsd hnhmlw \S-Øn-bn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXns‚ Dt±-
iyw, ZmºX- yP- oh- nXw A\p`- h- n°- e- mb- nc- n°- b- n√ F∂v ImWph- m≥ henb _p≤ni- -
‡ns- bm∂pw Bhi- ya- n√- . ]t£, Xpd∂ a\xÿ- nX- nb- pw, \njv]£ ho£W- K- X- nbpw
C√mØ- h- ¿°v AXv ImWm≥ Igns- ™∂v hcnI- b- n√. JZoPx (d)bpsS tijw \S∂- n´- p≈
hnhml- ß- ƒ°p≈ ImcW- ß- sf kmam\- ya- mbn BZyw \aps- °m∂v ]cnN- b- s- ∏Smw:˛
a‰v hnhml- ß- ƒ°v s]mXph- ne- p≈ ImcW- ß- ƒ
kq: Alkv m_nse 50, 51, 52 hN\- ß- f- nse D≈S- °w a\ - ne- m°- pI- bpw, A√ml- ph- n-
epw, \_nb- ne- pw, Izp¿B- \- nepw hnizk- n°- pI- bpw sNøp∂ GsXmc- mƒ°pwX- s∂ Xncp-
ta\n IqSpX- ¬ `mcya- msc kzoIc- n®- X- ns- \°- pd- n®v Fs¥¶- nepw Bib- °- pg- ∏w tXm∂p-
hm\- n√- . A√mlp \_n °v k]v jSv a- mb `mjb- n¬˛ A\ph- Z- n®- ps- ImS- pØ- X- √- msX
Ahn-Sp∂v bmsXm∂pw sNbvXn-´n-s√∂v Xo¿Øpw ]d-bmw. A√mlp A\p-h-Zn® hnj-
bØ- n¬ tNmZyw sNøm≥ a‰m¿°pw bmsXmc- [- nI- mc- h- pw, AhI- mi- h- pa- n√- . Ahs‚
A\ph- mZ- Ø- n¬ ASß- nb bp‡nc- l- k- yß- s- f˛ Ah apgph- \pw a\ - ne- m°- pI \ap°v
km[ya- √; Bcmb- pI am{Xta \mw sNtø≠- X- p≈- q. \_n °v {]tXyI- a- mbn IqSpX- ¬
`mcy-amsc A\p-h-Zn-®-Xn¬ AS-ßnb Nne cl-ky-߃ Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bm-Ip∂p:˛
1) tIhew Nne hnizm-km-Nm-c-߃ am{Xw AS-ßnb aX-a√ Ckvemw. a\p-jy-Po-
hnX- -Øns‚ kIe- -hi- ß- -sfbpw kv]¿in°- p∂ AXnh- ni- m-eh- pw, hn]p-eh- pa- mb Hcp
\nb-a-kw-ln-X-bs{X Ckvemw. AXns‚ {]mtbm-KnI amXr-I-bm-I-s´, \_n Xncp-
ta\n -bpsS Pohn-X-N-cy-bp-am-Ip-∂p. Ahn-SpsØ ZuXy-am-sW-¶n¬, Ime-tZ-i-hy-
Xymkw IqSmsX temImh- k- m\w htc°- p≈- X- pw. a\pj- yh- ¿KØ- ns‚ ]IpX- n`- mK- t- am,
AXne- [- nIw Xs∂tbm hcp∂ kv{Xohn`- mK- sØ {]tXyIw kv]¿in°- p∂ \nba- -
\n¿t±-i-ß-fpw, \S-]-Sn-{I-a-ßfpw Ckveman-ep-≠v. sshhm-ln-Iw, Km¿lnIw XpS-
ßnb PohnX- h- i- ß- f- ne- pw, tImSn°- W- °- mb apkev nwIƒ amXrI- b- mt- °≠- Xv \_n Xncp-
ta\n sb-bm-Wv. kv{XoIƒ˛ AsX, `mcy-am¿˛ hgn-b-√msX Adn-bp-hm\pw Adn-bn-
°s- ∏S- ph- m\pw kuIc- ya- n√- mØ ]eXpw CXn¬ Dƒs∏S- ps- a∂v ]dt- b≠- X- n√- . CØcw
hnjb- ß- f- n¬ am{Xa- √- , imJm]- c- a- mb CXc XpdI- f- ne- p≈ F{Xtbm aX\- nb- a- ß- fpw
kap-Zm-b-Øn\v \_n -bpsS `mcy-am¿˛ hnti-jn®pw BCix (d)˛ apJm-¥cw a\-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
ne- m°- ph- m≥ Ign™- n´- ps- ≠∂- Xv A\nt- j[- ya- s- {X.
apicv n°pI- f- n¬ s]´ Hcmƒ ]cnl- mk- ]- q¿∆w Cßs\ ]db- pI- b- p≠- mbn: "\nß-
fpsS Bƒ˛ \_n ˛ \n߃°v aea- q{- Xh- nk- ¿÷\w sNøm≥t]mepw ]Tn∏- n®p Xcp-
∂X- mbn ImWp∂- ph- t√m!' CXpt- I´v k¬am≥ (d) A`na- m\- t- ØmsS ]d™p: "AsX,
(ae- a- q{X hnk¿÷\ thfb- n¬) Izn_ev x°v t\sc Xncn™- nc- n°- c- pXv hetØ ssIsIm≠v
ip≤w sNøc- pX- .v (I√- sv Im≠v ip≤w sNøpt- ºmƒ) aq∂v I√n¬ Ipd™p aXnbm°c- pX- ,v
AXn¬ ImjSv hpw F√pw D≠mh- c- pXv Fs∂ms° At±lw Rßt- fmSv I¬]n®- n´- p≠- .v
(A: ap.) C{X sNdnb kwK-Xn-I-fn¬t]mepw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v \_n b- n¬ \n∂v
amXrI- b- pw, \n¿t±i- ßfpw e`nt- °≠Xp≠v F∂v kmcw. C∏d- ™h ]pcpj- ≥am¿ apJm-
¥cw At\ym\yw Adnb- mh- p∂- X- ms- W¶- ne- pw, CXvt]msebp≈ a‰v Nne Imcyß- ƒ
kv{XoIƒ apJm¥- cw Adnt- b≠- nb- nc- n°- p∂- p. EXpI- me- ß- f- n¬ ho´pI- mc- yß- f- ne- pw, `¿-
Øm°- f- psS Imcyß- f- ne- ps- a√mw k{v XoIƒ s]cpa- mt- d≠- s- Xß- ns\? AXn¬\n∂v hnc-
an°- pt- ºmƒ ip≤oI- c- nt- °≠- s- Xß- ns\? BZnb- mb ]eXpw CXn\v DZml- c- W- ß- f- m-
Wv. At∏mƒ, Cß-s\-bp≈ al-Ømb ]e Bh-iy-ßfpw \nd-th‰p-hm-s\∂
e£ysØ ap≥\n-dpØn \_n H∂ne- [- nIw hnhmlw sNtø≠- X- p-s≠∂v Duln-
°ph- m≥ {]bmk- a- n√- .
2) {]hm-N-IXzw kn≤n®-Xn-\v-tijw, \_n a°b- ne- mb- nc- p∂ BZyL- ´- Ø- n¬,
Ahn-SsØ {]t_m-[-\-hn-j-bw, {][m-\-ambpw Ckvemans‚ auenI kn≤m-¥-ß-
fmb- nc- p∂- p. AXns‚ {]Nc- W- Ø- n¬ kv{Xo]pc- pj- t- `Z- s- as\y F√m apkvenwIfpw Ah-
cpsS Ignhv hn\nt- bmK- n®- nc- p∂- p. ]n∂oSv ˛aZo\- xbn¬ h∂X- pa- pX- ¬˛ Ahb- v°p]- pd- sa
A\p-jvTm-\-]-chpw I¿a-]-c-hp-amb hniZ \nb-a-\n¿t±-i-ßfpw {]t_m-[\ hnj-b-
ßf- mb- nØ- o¿∂p. aXI- mc- yß- ƒ ]Tn∏- n°- ph- m\- pw, {]Nc- n∏- n°- ph- m\pw C∂s- Øt- ∏ms- e-
bp≈ ÿm]\- ß- ƒ A∂n√- t- √m. A∂p≠- mb- nc- p∂ GI aXh- nZ- yme- bw aZo\x ]≈nb- psS
hcm¥-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tIhew Zcn-{Z-cpw, ]m¿∏nSw t]mep-an-√m-Ø-h-cp-am-bn-cp∂ Nne
]mhß- ƒ˛ AsX, apkvenw temIØ- ns‚ DØa t\Xm°- fpw kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- f- psS
amXr-Im-]p-cp-j≥am-cp-amb A_q-lp-dbvdx (d), AΩm¿ (d), _nem¬ (d), kzpssl_v
(d), k¬am≥ (d) apX-emb alm≥am¿ Bbn-cp∂p B GI D∂X hnZym-e-b-Ønse
km[mc- W A≤ym]- I- ≥am¿. CtX kab- Øv apkvenw h\nX- I- ƒ°mbn \SØ- s- ∏´- n-
cp∂ Nne kzImcy h\nXm hnZym-e-bßfpw aZo-\x-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-Xm-\pw. aZo\x
]≈nb- psS ]cnk- c- ß- f- n¬ Aßnß- mbn ImWs- ∏´- nc- p∂ sN‰°- pS- ne- pI- f- mb- nc- p∂p AX.v
AsX, \_n Xncp-ta\n b- psS `mcya- mc- pw, kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- f- psS amXm°- fpw hkn-
®n-cp-∂Xv Ah-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw AX-Xnse A≤ym-]n-I-I-fm-bn-
cp∂- p. Chc- n¬ Nnes- c√mw \_n b- psS \maa- m{X `mcyb- mb- nc- n°- pI- s- b∂ `mKyw-
sIm≠v Xr]vXn-s∏´p Ckvemw aX-]-T-\-Øn-\pw, AXns‚ {]N-c-W-Øn-\pw, tkh-\-
Øn\- pa- mbn PohnXw Dgn™- ps- h®- h- c- mb- nc- p∂- p. (kq: Alvkm_- nse 28˛ 34 hN\- -
ßfpw AhbpsS hymJym\- hpw ]cnt- im[- n®- m¬ Cu hkXv pX icn°pw a\ - ne- mI- pw)
Jeo^x A_q_- I- ¿v (d) Da¿ (d) apXe- mb ]e {]K¬` kzlm_- nI- fpw X߃°v
t\cnS- p∂ F{Xtbm kwib- ß- ƒ°v \nhmc- Ww Is≠Ø- ph- m≥ Xßf- psS amXm°- -
sf˛ AsX, Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS `mcy-am-sc˛ kao-]n-°pIbmbn-cp∂p sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xv. lZo-
^{v KŸ- ß- f- pw, Ncn{- X{- KŸ- ß- fpw IÆXv pd- ∂p ]cnt- im[- n®- m¬ CXn\v [mcmfw DZml- -
cW- ß- ƒ ImWmw.
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
3) Ckvemans- ‚-bpw, apkvenwI-fp-sSbpw t\sc Ad-_n-tKm{- Xß- ƒ kzoIc- n-®ph- ∂
i{XpX- b- pw, A{Ia- a- ¿±\- ß- f- pw, bp≤k- wc- w`- ß- fpw hnkvac- nt- °≠- X- n√- . Cu Ah-k-
cØ- n¬, {][m\ Ad_- nt- Km{- Xß- f- pa- mbn sshhml- nI- _- ‘w D≠mb- nØ- oc- p∂- Xv ]e
\ne°pw D]I- c- n°- pa- mb- nc- p∂- p. C∂s- Øt- ∏ms- e˛ hntij- n®pw \ΩpsS \mSpI- f- ns- e-
t∏ms- e˛ IpSpw_- _- ‘- Ø- n\pw sshhml- nI- _- ‘- Ø- n\pw hne I¬]n°- s- ∏S- mØ k{º-
Zmb- a- √- mb- nc- p∂p Ad_- nI- f- ne- p≈- X- .v Hcp tKm{XØ- nse Hcp ho´pI- m¿°v hnhml- _- ‘w
D≠mb- n°- g- n™- m¬ B tKm{XØ- nse Bbnc- °- W- °- nt- em, AXne- [- nI- tam hcp∂ ho´p-
Im-sc√mw Xs∂˛ Ah-cpsS imtJm-]-im-Jm-hw-i-߃k-ln-Xw˛ ]c-kv]cw kvt\l-
Ønepw, kJyØ- nepw h¿Øn°- p-hm≥ AXv Imc-W-amI- p-am-bn-cp∂- p. ]e tKm{X-ß-
fn¬\n∂- mb- p≈ Xncpt- a\- nb- psS hnhml- ß- ƒ Nnet- ∏mƒ i{Xp°- f- psS Bt™‰w XSb- p-
hm-\pw, i{Xp-X°v emLhw hcp-Øp-hm\pw hfsc A[nIw klm-b-I-am-bn-´p-≠v.
Hmtcm∂pw DZml- c- W- k- l- nXw hniZ- oI- c- n°- p∂- ]- £w Cu Ipdn∏v hfsc Zo¿Ln-®p-
t]mI- pw. Hmtcm `mcya- mc- psS hnhml- s- Ø°- pd- n®pw Xmsg {]tXyIw {]kvXmh- n°- p∂- -
Xn¬\n∂- v Xs∂ Cu hkvXpX Gsd°- psd hy‡a- mI- p∂- X- pa- mI- p∂- p.
4) i{XpI- pS- pw_- ß- f- pa- mbn kulm¿±_- ‘w ÿm]n°- p∂- X- n¬ \_n -bpsS hnhm-
l_- ‘- ß- ƒ°v henb ÿm\w D≠mb- nc- p∂- X- t-v ]ms- eØ- s- ∂, apkev nwIpS- pw_- ß- sf IqSp-
X¬ ASp∏- n°- pI- bpw XymK k∂≤- c- m°- pI- bpw sNøp∂- X- nepw AXn\v ]¶p≠- mb- nc- p-
∂p. kz¥w hy‡nt- bms- Sm, kz¥w IpSpw_- t- ØmtSm Xncpt- a\- n°v hnhml- _- ‘- w˛
As√¶- n¬ at‰s- X¶- nepw ASp∏- w˛ D≠mh- pI- s- b∂- Xv kzlm_- nI- sf kw_‘- n®- nS- -
tØmfw F{Xa- m{Xw kt¥mj- I- c- hpw, A`na- m\- I- c- h- pa- mb- nc- p∂- ps- h∂v ]d™- d- nb- n-
°m≥ {]bmk- a- mW- .v t\sca- d- n®v Aßs- \b- p≈ Hcp _‘w apdn™- pt- ]mI- p∂- X- ns- \∏- ‰n
Ah¿°v Duln°- ph- m≥ t]mepw hømb- nc- p∂- pX- m\- pw.
\_n b- psS `mcya- m¿ H∂n®p tN¿∂v X߃°v Nneh- n\v XcW- s- a∂pw a‰pw
Bh-iy-s∏-´-Xpw, CXn-s\ØpS¿∂v ]e Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßfpw Ah-X-cn-®Xpw a‰pw
kq: Alvkm_- n¬ \mw hmbn®- ph- t- √m. Cu kw`h- Ø- n¬ Xncpt- a\n Xs‚ `mcya- msc
hnhml- t- amN- \w sNbvXnc- n°- p∂- ps- hs- ∂mcp InwhZ- ¥n ]c∂- p. Cu hnhcw Adn-bn-
°ph- m≥ Hcmƒ cm{Xn Da¿ (d)s‚ hmXn¬°¬ h∂v ap´pI- b- p≠- mb- n. K m≥ () tKm{X-
°m¿ apkev nwIf- pa- mbn bp≤Ø- ns- \mc- pß- nb- nc- n°- p∂- ps- hs- ∂mcp Dulw \S-∂p-sIm-
≠nc- n°- p∂ kµ¿`a- mb- nc- p∂p AXv. Da¿ s]s´∂v tNmZn®- Xv: "F¥m, K m≥Im¿
ht∂m?!' F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. {]kvXpX BK-X≥ Xncp-ta-\n-bp-ambn tIhew hnhm-l-
_‘- t- am, IpSpw_- _- ‘- tam C√mØ A\y\- mb Hcp A≥kzmc- nb- mb- nc- p∂- p. F∂n´- pw
At±lw Dad- nt- \mSv ]d™ adp]- Sn t\m°pI: "A√; AXns- \°- mƒ hºn®- X- pw, \o≠X- p-
amb Hcp kw`hw \S-∂n-cn-°p∂p! Xncp-ta\n Ahn-SpsØ `mcy-amsc hnhm-l-tam-N\w
sNbXv nc- n°- p∂p!!' F∂mb- nc- p∂- p. Cu adp]- S- nb- psS Bgw H∂v ]cnt- im[- n®v t\m°pI!
\_n b- psS `mcym_- ‘w e`n°- p∂- X- ne- p≈ B{Klw sIm≠v am{Xa- mW- ˛v sFln-
Ia- mb at‰sX¶- nepw kpJk- uI- c- yß- sf tamln®- ps- Im≠- √- ˛ Nne kv{XoIƒ Xßsf
hnhmlw sNøWs- a∂v Xncpt- a\ntbmSv tIWt- ]£- n®- X- pw. kq: Alvkm_v 50 ¬
hmbn-®-Xp-t]m-se, hnhm-l-aqeyw (alv¿) IqSmsX Aßn-s\-bp-≈-hsc hnhmlw
sNbXv ps- Im≈- ph- m≥ \_n sb A√mlp A\ph- Z- n®- Xpw AXv sIm≠- mW- .v "\n߃°v
A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw dkq-en-s\-bp-amtWm th≠-Xv˛ AX√m sFlnI kpJ-amtWm
th≠X?v ' F∂v tNmZn°- s- ∏´- t- ∏mƒ, Hs∂mg- nb- msX Hmtcm `mcybpw "R߃°v A√m-
lphpwdkqepwaXn'F∂v ZrVk- zc- Ø- n¬ DØcw \¬Inb- X- pw, kuZx(d)sbXncp-
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
ta\n ]ncn-®p-hn-Sm-\p-t±-in-®-t∏mƒ "Fs∂ ]ncn®p hnS-cptX, Aß-bpsS `mcy-sb∂
t]cpa- m{Xw \neh- ne- p≠- mb- ns- °m≠v Pohn®- m¬ aXn' F∂v kuZx (d) At]£- n®- X- p-
sa√mw CtX ImcWw sIm≠v-X-s∂.
CXv-t]mse, Cu hnjb- I- a- mbn ]eXpw D≤c- n°- ph- m\- p≠- .v Npcp°- Ø- n¬, \_n
IqSp-X¬ `mcya- msc kzoI-cn-®X- n-e-Sß- nb bp‡n clk- y-߃ Iqe-¶i- a- mbn ]cn-
tim[- n°- p∂- ]- £- w, AhnS- p∂v HºtXm ]tØm hnhmlw sNbvXX- ne- √ B›cyw
tXm∂ph- m-\-hI- m-iw. t\sc-ad- n®v AXnepw IqSp-X¬ hnhmlw sNøm-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-epw,
F\n ]pXpX- mbn hnhmlw sNøc- ps- X∂v (kq: Alvkm_v 50 ¬) A√mlp \n¿t±i- n-
®Xpa- mW- v˛ thWs- a¶- n¬˛ A¬`pX- Ø- n\- h- I- mi- a- p≈- X- v. A√ml- ph- ne- pw, dkqe- ne- pw,
Izp¿B- \- nepw hnizk- n°- p∂ kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- s- f°- pd- n®v ]db- pI- b- ms- W¶- n¬, \_n
\mene- [- nIw `mcya- msc kzoIc- n®- X- ne- S- ß- nb bp‡n clk- yß- ƒ a\ - ne- m°- pI F∂-
√ms- X, AXns- \°- pd- n®v AWpt- hmfw Bib- °- pg- ∏- t- am, AXns‚ \ymbX- b- n¬ kwi-
btam D¤ h- n°- pI F∂ {]iav ta C√. A√ml- ph- n\- mWv F√m hn[nh- ne- °- pI- f- ps- Sbpw
]ca- m[- nI- mcw. A√mlp Hcp Imcyw A\ph- Z- n°- pI- t- bm, hntcm[- n°- pI- tbm sNbXv m¬˛
AXne- S- ß- nb XXzß- ƒ {Kln°- ph- m≥ {ian°- pI- b- √- ms- X˛ AXn¬ hna¿i\- t- am, Bi-
b°- pg- ∏- tam D≠m°- ph- m≥ \_n°- pt- ]mepw ]mSn√; (kq: Alkv m_v 50, 51, 52 F∂o
BbØ- pI- f- nepw a‰pw A√mlp hy‡a- mb `mjb- n¬ Adnb- n® ]cn[- n°- p≈- n¬ HXpß- n-
bX- √- mØ Hscm‰ hnhml- hpw \_n -sN-bvXn-´n-√. \_n-am-sc˛ A¥y-{]-hm-N-I-
\mb apl-ΩZv Xncp-ta\n sb {]tXyI- n®- pw˛ a‰p≈- h- sc Af°- p∂ am\Z- W- Uv w-
sIm≠v Af°- ph- m≥ ]mSn√- mØXmW.v Fs∂ms° kXyh- ni- zmk- nI- ƒ°d- nb- mw. CXm-
WX- n\- pI- mc- W- w. F\n, JZoPx (d)°- pt- ijw \_n s- NbXv Hmtcm hnhml- s- Ø°- p-
dn®pw Hcp eLp ho£Ww \SØmw:˛
\_n Xncp-ta\n bpsS a‰v hnhm-l-ß-fpw,
Ah-bpsS kµ¿`-ß-fpw.
1. skuZx ()
a°mapicv n°pI- f- psS a¿±\w kln°- h- ø- msX A_nk- o\- nb- b- nt- e°v lnPdv x t]mb
kzlm_- nI- f- n¬ Hcmf- mb- nc- p∂p kIvdm≥ () At±lw kz]-Xv\n-bpw,
]nXr-hy-]p-{Xn-bp-amb kuZx (d)-sbbpw H∂n-®p-sIm≠pt]m-bn-cp-∂p. B alm≥
Ahns- Ss- h®v \ncymX- \- mb- n. JZoPx (d)bpsS \ncymWw Ign™Xns‚ ASpØ Ime-
Øm-bn-cp∂p AXv. A√mlp GI-\m-sW-∂pw, apl-ΩZv Ahs‚ ZqX-\m-sW∂pw
hniz-kn® Imc-W-Øm¬ \mSpw, hoSpw, IpSpw-_hpw XyPn®p kap{Zw IS∂p
`qJWvUw Xm≠n A]-cnNnX-amb A_n-ko-\n-b-bn¬ sN∂p acWw {]m]n® B
kzlm-_n-bpsS ZpxJn-X-bmb ]Xv\n-sb˛ kz-Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚ FXn¿∏pw {]Xn-tj-
[hpw hIs- h°- msX Xs‚ aXk- wc- £- W- m¿∞w \mSph- n´v hn[h- b- pw, D‰h- c- n√- mØhfp-
am-bn-Øo¿∂ kuZx (d)sb ˛\_n hnhmlw sNbvXp c£n-®p. {]kvXpX c≠p-
t]t- cmS- pa- p≈ [m¿anI- a- mb ISa \n¿hl- n°- p∂- X- n\v ]pdsa A√ml- pt- hmS- p≈ Hcp ISa
\n¿hl- n°- epw IqSnb- mb- nc- p∂p AXv. Xncpt- a\n Aßs\ sNømØ- ]- £- w, B alXn
Xs‚ IpSpw_Ø- ns‚ ITn\ ]oV\- ß- ƒ°v ]m{Xa- mI- pa- mb- nc- p∂- p. apºv \mw Nq≠n-
°m´- nb- X- tv ]ms- e, Xs‚ Znhk- ß- ƒ BCix (d)°v hn´ps- ImS- pØ- ps- Im≠v \_n bpsS
`mKw 22 A≤ymbw 33 Alvkm_v
`mcym_- ‘w acW- wh- sc \ne\- nd- pØ- nØ- ∂- m¬ aXns- b∂- t- ]£- n®- Xv Cu al-Xn-bm-
bn-cp-∂p. lnPvdx 54- emWv Ch-cpsS ac-Ww.
2. BCix ( )
lnPvdxbpsS c≠v aq∂v h¿jw apºmWv BCix (d)b- psS hnhml- w. Ah¿°v
A∂v Gsd°- psd Bdph- b- v {]mba- mb- nc- p∂- p. lnPdv x- °v t- ijw GXm≠v c≠v sIm√-
tØmfw Ign™- mWv h[ph- ns\ hcs‚ ho´nt- e°v Iq´ns- °m≠pt]mb- X- .v tIh- ew HºXv
hb - pI- mc- nb- mb B _menI- sb Iq´n Ab®- t- ∏mƒ Ahc- psS Ifnt- °m∏pw H∂n®- p-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ho´n¬ sN∂-ti-jhpw Xm≥ s]¨Ip-´n-I-tfm-sSm∏w
Ifn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v BCix (d) {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v.
(_p; ap.) F√m `mcy-am-cnepw sh®v Xncp-ta\n G‰hpw A[nIw CjvSs∏-´n-cp∂
`mcy Ah¿X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. I\y-Im-{]m-b-Øn¬ BCix (d)sb A√msX Xncp-
ta\n hnhmlw sNøpI- b- p≠- mb- n´- n√- . Xncpt- a\- nb- psS hntbmK- t- hf- b- n¬ Ah¿°v GI-
tZiw 18 hb- p-h-cpw. lnPvd 57 tem 58 tem Bbn-cp∂p BCix (d)-bpsS ac-Ww.
kzlm_- nI- f- n¬sh®v \_n °v G‰hpw CjSv s∏´ ktv \lnX- \- mb- nc- p∂p BCix
(d)-bpsS ]nXm-hmb A_q-_-Iv¿kn±oIzv (d). ]pcp-j≥am-cn¬ H∂m-a-Xmbn Xncp-ta-
\n-bn¬ hniz-kn® alm\pw At±lw Xs∂. Ckveman-\v -apºpw At±lw Xncp-ta-\n-
bpsS Hcp ASpØ Nßm-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu hkXv pX kzlm_- nI- ƒ°nSb- n¬ {]kXv m-
hyh- pa- mb- nc- p∂- p. A_q_- I- v¿ (d)s‚ KpWß- sf {]iwk- n®- ps- Im≠- p≈ [mcmfw lZo-
YpI- ƒ ImWmw. Hcn°- ¬ Xncpt- a\n ]db- pI- b- p≠- mbn: "\ap°v Ctßms- ´mcp D]I- mcw
sNbvXn´v AXn\v \mw {]Xyp-]-Imcw sNøm-Ø-Xmbn A_q-_-Iv-dn-s‚-X-√msX a‰m-
cps- Sbpw _m°nb- n√- . At±lw sNbvX D]I- mc- Ø- n\v A√ml- pX- s∂ Iznbma- Ø- p\- m-
fn¬ {]Xyp]- I- mcw \¬Ip∂- X- mW- v. A_q_- I- dv- ns‚ [\w F\n°v D]I- c- n®- {X a‰mc- p-
sSXpw D]I- c- n®- n´- n√- ......' (Xn.) as‰mc- n°- ¬ Xncpt- a\n ]d™p: "klh- mk- Ø- ne- pw, [\-
Ønepw a\pj- yc- n¬sh®v G‰hpw hnizk- \- ob- a- mb Bƒ A_q_- I- vd- mWv' (_p; ap.)
CXv-t]mse thsdbpw lZoY- p-Iƒ ImWmw.
Cu \ne°v A_q_- I- v¿ (d)s‚ aIf- mb BCix (d)sb Xncpt- a\n hnhmlw Ign-
®X- pw, Ahsc IqSpX- ¬ kvt\ln®- Xpw At±l- t- ØmS- p≈ kvt\lm[- nI- yØ- ns- ‚bpw,
\_n °pw Ckvema- n\- pwt- h≠n At±lw sNbvX XymKØ- ns- ‚b- pw, tkh\- Ø- n-
s‚bpw kzm`mh- nI- a- mb Hcp \µnb- s- {X. AXnc- n°- s- ´, Cu hnhmlw aqew Ckveman-
\p≠- mb t\´ß- s- fm∂v BtemN- n®- pt- \m°- pI: Ckev manI hn⁄m\ `WUv mc- Ø- n¬
BCix (d)-bpsS apX¬Iq´v kp{]-kn-≤-am-Wv. Izp¿-B≥ hymJym-\-cw-K-Øpw, \_n-
hN- \- ß- fpw NcyI- fpw D≤c- n°- p∂- X- nepw as‰√m k{v XoIs- f°- mf- pw˛ an°h- mdpw ]pcp-
j≥ams- c°- mf- pw˛ hºn® ]¶mWv Ah¿°p≈X- .v Km¿lnI- P- oh- nX- Ø- ns- ‚b- pw, ZmºX- y-
Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚bpw \m\m-h-i-ß-fnepw BCix (d) hgn kn≤n® Adn-hp-Iƒ Ipd-
s®m-∂p-a-√. kmln-Xyw, ]Zyw, Ncn-{Xw, sshZyw, cmjv{Sobw XpS-ßnb Xpd-I-fnepw
Ahc- psS t]cpw {]ik- Xv nbpw {]kn≤- a- mW- v. Ckev manI- N- c- n{Xw Adnb- p∂- h- ¿s°√mw
Adnb- mh- p∂- X- mW- nX- v. alm\- mb A_qa- qk- ¬ AivAcn (d) ]db- pI- b- mWv: "dkq¬
Xncpt- a\- nb- psS kzlm_- nI- f- mb R߃°v h√ hnjb- Ø- nepw kwibw t\cnS- pt- ºmƒ
AXn-s\-∏‰n BCix (d)-tbmSv tNmZn-®n´v Hcp kwK-Xn-bnepw icn°v Adnhv In´m-Xn-
cp∂- n´- n√- .' (Xn.)
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