LEA. Ross, and Gloucester branch of the Great Western railway is in this parish. It is distant 4! miles E.S.E. of Ross, I I~ N. W. of Gloucester, and 18 S.E. of Hereford; is in Greytree hundred, Ross union, petty sessional division and county court district and Linton polling district and electoral division of the county council; part of Lea was in Gloucestershire until 1844, and the township was divided into Lea Hereford, and Lea Gloucester, but by the Acts of 2 and 3 William IV., cap. 64, and 7 and 8 Vie., cap. 61, it was added to Herefordshire. The total population of Lea, Upper and Lower, in r871 was 199; in 1881, the population of Lea (Lower), was So; and Lea (Upper), 103 -total 183 ; the inhabited houses in Lea (Lower), 17 ; and Lea (Upper), 24 total 41 ; the families or separate occupiers were, Lea (Lower), 18 ; Lea (Upper), 25 total, 43; the area of the parish is 763 acres; annual rateable value, £I,8go. By orders which came into operation on 25th March, 1883, under the Divided Parishes Act, three detached parts of Lea Bailey were amalgamated with Lea (Upper), and all the parts of a parish known as Lea (Lower) were amalgamated with Lea (Upper). Maynard Willoughby \\TemyssColchester, Esq., J.P., of Adsett Court, Westbury-on-Severn, is lord of the manor and principal landowner. The soil is loamy; subsoil, marl and rock; chief produce, wheat, barley, roots, &c. Lea is in the diocese of Gloucester and Bristol, archdeaconry of Gloucester, and rural deanery of The Forest; living. a rectory; value,£xso, with residence and 2 acres of glebe; patron, the Vicar of Linton; rector, Rev. Richard Charles Dickerson, M.A., of Worcester College, Oxford, who \Vas instituted in 1883. The church, dedicated to St. :John the Baptist, is a handsome old red sandstone building in the Transition Norman style, consisting of chancel, nave, north aisle, north porch and a western tower with spire containing three bells. The north aisle is terminated by a chapel probably erected by the family of Grey ofWilton whose arms are placed there. The church was restored in 1854, and fitted with open seats, at a cost of £8oo, defrayed by subscription. The earliest register is dated I s88. The charities amount to about £6 yearly. The national school for boys and girls is a well designed building, situate near the church, having accommodation for So children ; average attendance, 70. PosTAL REGULATIONS. George Christopher, Sub -Postmaster. Letters arrive by messenger from Ross, at 7 ·45 a. m. and 2.0 p.m.; despatched thereto at 6.10 p.m. Letters can be registered here. This is a money order office and ~avings bank; annuity and insurance business transacted and licenses granted. Mitcheldean Road station is the nearest telegraph office. Post town, Ro~s. Part'sh Church (St. :John the Baptzst ). Rev. Richard Charles Dickerson, M.A., Vicar/ Messrs. Charles Y emm and Thomas Little, Churchwardens~· Henry James, Par·ish Clerk. National School (boys and girls). Mrs. Elizabeth King, Mistress. Mz'tcheldean Road Railway Station (Hereford, Ross, and Gloucester branch of the Great Western Raz1way.) Charles Buroughs, Statio1t Master. Assistant Overseer. Mr. William Chinn.
LEA LEDBURY. PRIVATE RESIDENTS. Ben nett, John, Moors cottage CacHe, Mrs. Cornelius, Lea cottage Dickerson, Rev. Richard Charles, M.A., (rector), The Rectory Ford. Mrs. Ann, The Firs Samhlyn, Capt., Blenheim house Woolley, William, Lea Lawn COMMERCIAL. Abrahall, George, farmer Bennett, Henry, farmer, Moors farm and Castle End farm Bennett, Mrs. Robert, farmer, Rock farm Bennett, William. farn1er, Norton fann Berkeley, Michael, farmer, res. Eccleswall court, Linton Buroughs, Charles, station master, Mitcheldean Road railway station Chinn, William, farmer and innkeeper, Railwa.l/ Inn, assistant overseer Christopher, George, shoeing & general smith, and sub-postmaster Dowding, John Oswell, frmr., Old l\fill farm, 'l'e8. Deans common, N ewland, Gloucestershire Downham, Albert, gardener Gooch, George, farmer, Lea. line Hatton, Thomas, butcher, farmer, and innkeeper, Crown Inn Hodges, Charles, grocer Hunt, Richard, farmer J ackson, :Mrs. Wm., farmer and haulier, Blythe fields J ames, Gilbert Thomas, Lea villa, agent for the Tewkesbury Brewery Co. James, Henry, wheelwright& parish clerk Jordan, Jos., wheelwright, ROck cottage King, Mrs. Elizabeth, schoolmistress, School house Little, Thomas, grocer and baker Lloyd, John, cot. farmer, White house Pope, Henry, rope maker, Lea line Pnce, Richard, threshing machine proprietor, The Moors Rudge, Amos, timber haulier, Brook ho. Scudamore, John, fanner, Bay Tree farm Taylor, William, cottage farmer, Noakes Yemm, Charles, farmer, New house LEDBURY, WITH WELLINGTON HEATH, LEADON AND HAFFIELD, MITCHELL AND NETHERTON, WALL HILLS, ETc. LEDBURY is a market town, delightfully situated on the main road leading from Hereford to Tewkesbury, Great Malvern, and Worcester, in the eastern angle of the county, on the western flank and near to the southern extremity of the Malvern hills, and on a declivity within a small valley, formed by the Dog hill and other eminences, about one mile east from the river Leddon or Leadon, from which it derives the fint syllable of its name. It is distant r4~ miles E. of Hereford, 16 S.W. of Worcester, 16 N.N.W. of Gloucester, 13 N.E. of Ross, 14 S.S.E. of Bromyard, 8 S.W. of Great Malvern, and 120 N.W. by W. of London. The west midland section of the Great Western railway connects the town with the cities of Hereford and Worcester ; the station being distant about half a mile on the north side. A railway from Gloucester vz"d Newent to Ledbury was opened in the month of July, 1885, and an Act has been obtained for a line from Ross to Ledbury. Ledbury is the head of a union, county court district, polling district. highway district and petty sessional division, an electoral division of the county council, and is locally situated in the hundred of Radlow. The parish is divided into five partsThe Borough, Wall Hills, Wellington Heath, Leadon and Haffield, Mitchell and Netherton; the last four of these form the foreign of the manor. The Right Hon. Lady Henry Somerset, Eastnor castle, who is lady of the manor, and James Henry Savile Miles, Esq., of Cardigan, W. A. H. Martin, Esq., of Upper hall, Ledbury, Michael Biddulph, Esq., M.P., of Ledbury Park, and the Rev. George Woodyatt, of Repton Vicarage, Burton-on-Trent, who are lords ofthe manor, are the principal landowners. Wm. Masefield, Esq., is steward of the manor.
LEDBURY. Property in this borough is subject to the custom of "Borough English," z".e., in cases of intestacy, the freehold property descends to the youngest son, to the exclusion of the elder and other sons. The area of Ledbury parish is 7,706 acres, and the rateable value, £24 1101. The population, according to the census returns in I8oi, was 3,058; in 1851, 4,624 j in 1861, 5,598 ; in 187 r, 4,473 j in 1881, 4,276, divided as under :- Ledbury (civil parish) ... Parkhold (township) • • • ••• ••• Population. 4,226 50 Inhabited Houses. 922 11 Families or Separate Occupiers. 942 13 4,276 933 955 The town consists of two principal streets, lying north and south, intersected by smaller streets at right angles. In many parts are houses of the Tudor period, with projecting stories, and some of still greater age; but there are several excellent modern residences. Pure water, from a tank in the Coneygre wood, is supplied to part of the town by the rural sanitary authority, and the drainage has been greatly improved. The town is lighted with gas by the Ledbury Gas, Coal, and Coke Company, Limited. The works are situate in New street, and are managed by the directors, elected annually by the shareholders. New works were completed in 1875· The cost per I,ooo feet is 4s. 9d. The principal commerce depends on the produce of the neighbouring orchards and hop-grounds, the hops from the adjacent district being of excellent quality. The celebrated barland, old:field, and huff-cap perry, made in Ledbury and surrounding parishes, is highly esteemed. Brewing, malting, and vinegar-making are carried on, and steam saw mills are in course of erection. Ledbury is also a glove-making district. The clothing trade was at one period very flourishing in this locality. There are two excellent hotels and posting houses (The Feathers, and the Royal Oak), two banks (a branch of the Capital and Counties Bank, Limited, and a branch of the National Provincial Bank of England, Limited), and several good shops and respectable inns. There is a newspaper (the Free Press), published by Mr. Luke Tilley every Tuesday. The market is held on Tuesday. The whole of the old fairs are now abolished, and a monthly fair substituted on the second Tuesday in each month. The market-house in High street is a quaint structure of Elizabethan character, built by the celebrated John Abel, upon sixteen substantial pillars of Spanish or sweet chestnut obtained from the once extensive Malvern "chace." It was restored a few years since. A portion of the Feathers Hotel is now used as the Corn Exchange, and is fitted up with stalls for the numerous dealers who frequent this market. The union workhouse is a substantial brick structure opened in 1837. It has, since its erection, undergone considerable improvement, and is now capable of accommodating about 170 inmates. The average number at present is 100. The guardians meet at the board-room every alternate Tuesday. The Ledbury union district comprises an area of 49,170 acres, and a population in 1881 of 12,605, being the total contained in 22 parishes. The magistrates for Ledbury petty sessional division meet every alternate
LED BURY. Wednesday, at the Police court, in Church street. The highway board also meets here on the first Tuesday in each month. The county court sittings are held every alternate month at the Court house in the Southend. Ledbury is included in circuit No. 23 of the county courts. The dispensary in New street was established in 1824. The Ledbury cottage hospital, in the Homend, was opened in February, r873. It is designed for the reception of accidents and diseases occurring in Ledbury and the neighbouring parishes, and requiring immediate surgical and medical treatment. The funds for the support of the hospital are raised by donations and annual subscriptions. The post, telegraph, and stamp office is in New street, and the inland revenue office in the Homend. The reading room in Worcester road is well supplied with papers, periodicals, etc. There is a well supported reading room in the Church lane, with a valuable library of upwards of r,ooo volumes. Members are admitted upon payment of an annual subscription of ss. There are clubs, benevolent institutions, a burial board, rifle corps, &c. HISTORY, PLACEs OF WoRSHIP, ETc. In Domesday, this town was called Leideberge. It belonged to the see of Hereford before the Norman Conquest, and the Bishops of Hereford had a palace here which stood on the site of Saint Katherine's Hospital; a small fragment of the old structure may yet be seen in the wall of a cottage in Bye street, formerly Bishops street. The generally received statement that Ledbury in Herefordshire was given by Edwin the Saxon to the see of Hereford is erroneous. The gift he made was Lidbury, or Led bury North, in Shropshire Ledbury ba~·eaNs and it was not given until after the compilation of Domesday, whereas, at that time, Ledbury, in Herefordshire, already belonged to the Bishop of Hereford; the best proof whereof, is that it is clearly stated in Domesday, Harold, Earl of Herefordshire, in the time of Edward the Confessor, had taken away part of the manor from the Church, and Godric held it under Harold. \Villiam the Conqueror restored to the church the stolen portion then called "The Hasles," and known to this day as the" Hazel Farm." Bishop Bohun procured the charter of a market for this manor, from King Stephen, to be held on Saturdays; but this falling into disuse, Queen Elizabeth, A.D. I 584, granted new charters for a Tuesday market, and two annual fairs, and "gave all the profits thereof, to the poor of Ledbury for ever," as appears by an entry made in the parish register, in the year rs85. Ledbury is an ancient borough, and returned two members to the parliament summoned in 1265. The members for Ledbury in 1295, were Rogerus Caperun and Johannes Basevylle. The next and last record of Ledbury members, is for the parliament that met at Westminster, February 16th, 1305. Their names were Willielmus Esegare, and Rogerus Fortherick. The privilege of sending members to parliament was surrendered on the plea of inability to support them. Bishop Trevenant, or Treffnant, is said to have founded a college about the year 1401, for a master, or deacon, and eight secular priests, besides clerks and other servants; and the fact of the existence of this college formed an important feature in a legal dispute (about thirty-five years ago} between the ~ 7h
LED BURY. Ecclesiastical Commissioners and the then vicar, as to the title to the Nether Hall estate ; but the dispute was settled by the annexation of a considerable portion of the property to the living, and the conversion of the living from a vicarage to a rectory. The church, dedicated to SS. Mz"chael and All Angels, is a spacious and handsome edifice. It was founded previously to the 2oth William I., 1086 (for mention is made in a return of the manor of Ledbury in Domesday book, of a priest being established there), and exhibits beautiful examples of pure Norman, Early English, and Decorated styles of architecture. The west front has a perfect Norman doorway in excellent preservation, with circular mouldings and the characteristic dog-tooth ornamentation. The north porch is a fine specimen of Early English work. The building consists of a nave, chancel, two aisles, with chapels dedicated to St. Catherine and St. Anne, a gallery in the north aisle, and an organ. It will seat about 900 persons. The west gallery, an unsightly structure of the last century, was removed at the time of the Restoration in 1876. The tower, which is detached from the church (as are also those at Bosbury, Garway, Holmer, Pembridge, Richard's Castle, and Yarpo]e ), is in the Early English style, and is surmounted by a finely-proportioned spire, which has been twice struck by lightning, but without any serious effect. The tower and spire are about 2 I o feet high. There are eight bells and clock (without dial) ; the clock chimes at 12, 3, 6, and 9 o'clock. Numerous sepulchral memorials are contained in this church; among them are several ancient and curious tombs, but greatly mutilated. There are also a few brasses. Over the altar is a painting of "The Lord's Supper," after Leonardo da Vinci, painted by the late Thomas Ballard, of Ledbury. The pulpit, reading desk, and altar rail were carved by the rector, the Rev. John Jackson, and dedicated to the church, in memory of his only son, who died in the year 1873: they are objects of great beauty and interest, and valuable monuments of his taste, skill, and industry. At the east end of the south aisle is a stained glass window, representing, in large figures, Faith, Hope, and Charity; a handsome window has been placed over the west doorway of the church, to the memory of the late Thomas Webb, Esq., and Ann, his wife (a member of the Thackwell family, ofBerrow court, Worcestershire), who died at Ledbury, 4th August, 1881, aged 102 years ; there are several other stained glass windows. St. Catherine's chapel, adjoining the church on the north side, is in the Decorated style of architecture, and is now used as a baptistry. A female of the name of Catherine Audley, a religious woman, in the reign of Ed ward II., who had a maid called Mabel, but not being fixed in any settled place, had a revelation that she should not set up her rest till she came to a town where the bells should ring of themselves. She and her maid coming near Ledbury, heard the bells ring, though the church doors were shut and no ringers there. Here then she determined to spend the remainder of her days, and built an hermitage, living on .herbs and milk. The king, in consideration of her birth or piety, or both, granted her an annuity of £30. The parish registers commence with the year 1556,
LED BURY. and are unusually well-preserved. The living is a rectory, in the diocese and archdeaconry of Hereford and rural deanery of South Frome; value, £460, with residence and 4! acres of glebe; patron, the Lord Bishop of Hereford; rector, Rev. John Jackson, M.A., of St. John's College, Cambridge, who was instituted in r86o, and is also a surrogate for the diocese of Hereford. The chapel of ease, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, is in New street. The hospital of St. Katharine, situated in High street, was founded by Bishop Ffolliott, about the year 1232! for six single men, two men and their wives, and two widows. At the Dissolution, the revenues of this establishment were valued at £32 7s. 11d. annually. It was refounded, or rather reestablished by an Act of Parliament passed A. D. I 5 8o, obtained by the Dean and Chapter of Hereford, with the full approval of Queen Elizabeth, who is consequently named as the restorer of the said hospital. The Dean and Chapter of Hereford are the trustees and patrons. An Act of Parliament was obtained in 1819 to enable the Dean and Chapter to rebuild the almshouses, and for the better regulation of the charity. The hospital is now, and must be hereafter, governed in strict conformity with the enactments of this statute, which, after giving powers for raising money on mortgage of the estates to erect the new almshouses, directs that the number of almsfolk shall be 24 at the least, without any limitation as to sex, as soon as the mortgage to be then created shall have been discharged. In 1822 the present hospital was designed by Mr. Smirke, but only one wing, containing twelve residences, was erected. Under the management of the late Dean of Hereford (Very Rev. Richard Dawes, M.A.), the mortgage debt was largely reduced by regular instalments, and a new wing, containing 12 residences, was added in 1866 to complete the building. There are now 7 male and 17 female inmates; each of whom receives 7s. 6d. per week, a ton of coal at Christmas, and clothes every second year. The master or warden of the hospital is bound by the statutes to reside not less than four months in the year. His house of residence, or mansion house as it is statutably called, with a garden attached, is situated within the gates of the hospital, westward. The present master is the Rev. W. P. Musgrave, senior canon of Hereford cathedral. He receives i,.ths of the net income, in addition to the rent of 70 acres of land and 40 acres of coppice-wood, and he has the appointment of the brethren and sisters. The chapel attached to the hospital is a fine example of Early English architecture. Herein morning prayer is daily read by the master, when resident, or, in his absence, by the chaplain, except on Sundays and festivals, when there is service in the parish church. A small marble tablet was erected by the inmates, in r87o, to perpetuate the memory of the late Very Rev. Richard Dawes, M.A., dean of Hereford and former master of the hospital. P. J. Miles, Esq., of Bristol, left about £24 per annum to the deserving poor of Led bury. This with other charities amounting in the whole to about £65 annually, are distributed on St. Thomas, day by the rector and churchwardens for the time being. Orlam farm, in this parish, contributes nine bushels of wheat to the poor yearly; this dole is of unknown origin. The Congregatioaal chapel
LEDBURY. was rebuilt in 1852, at a cost of about £8oo. It is a plain structure of brick with Bath stone facings, and is situate in High street, nearly opposite the Market-house. The Baptist chapel, in the Homend, was erected in 1831, at a cost of £I,ISO. It has since been enlarged, and will now seat about 450 persons. The W esleyan chapel, also in the Homend, was built in 1849. It was re-pewed a few years since, and will seat about soo persons. The boys' Church of England school was erected in 1868 on a site in the Homend, given by John Martin, Esq., of Upper hall. It was opened in May of that year, and is a commodious structure of red brick. There is accommodation for 235 boys. The average attendance is about 150. The ancient grammar school is incorporated with the boys' school as a permanent endowment, under the title of "King Edward VI.'s Grammar School," to be free to four boys. The girls' and infants' national schools are situate in the Hall end ; average attendance, girls, Ioo, and infants, 76. The girls' school, in the Southend, supported by Mrs. Hall's charity, educates 30 girls. . There is a cemetery about half a mile from the town, on the Ross road, with stone mortuary chapels. It was opened in 1861. The members of the burial board are elected annually by the vestry. Wellington Heath, distant 3 miles N. of Ledbury, is now a separate ecclesiastical parish, and will be found fully described under a separate heading. Parkhold, formerly a township in the parish of Ledbury, and distant about 4 miles W.N.W., has by the operation of the Divided Parishes Act been amalgamated with Pixley, by a Local Government order dated 25th March, I88-t-- SEATS IN THE VICINITY. Ledbury is surrounded by many beautiful seats: Eastnor Castle, the princely mansion of the Right Hon. Lady Henry Somerset, elder daughter of the late Earl Somers, occupies a fine commanding situation, and has a most imposing appearance. Hope Etzd is the magnificent mansion of Charles Archibald Hewitt, Esq., J.P., D.L., the park is well wooded and extensive, and is partly in Colwall parish. Upper Hall, the seat of W. A. H. Martin, Esq., J.P., is a spacious red brick mansion, situated on an eminence, with a park of oak trees. Ledbmy Park is the residence of Michael Biddulph, Esq., M.P. for South Herefordshire, built in 1595 in the Elizabethan style of architecture ; Underdown House is the residence of Captain Audley Mervyn Archdale, ].P.; Haffield is the seat of William Charles Henry, Esq., M.D., J.P.; Bosbury House, the seat of Captain Willoughby Mynors, J.P., D.L.; Domz£ngtotz Hall, lately occupied by J ames Wickens, Esq., J .P -~ but now void ; Cmzo1zFfroome Court, John Hopton, Esq., J.P., D.L.; Pulley Court, John Riley, Esq., J.P. ; Homme House, Lieut.-Col. John Ernle MoneyKyrle, J.P., D.L.; Old Colwall, Mrs. E. T. Holland; Barton Com-t, Benjamin Bright, Esq., D.L. NoTABILIA. About I!- miles N.W. from Ledbury is a tabulated eminence called Wallhz1ls, the lower part of which is surrounded by large trees, and the summit crowned by a spacious camp, the probable site of an ancient British town. The name of Wall hills is supposed to be derived from the word Waal, an appellation given
LED BURY. to the Britons by the Saxons, and meaning with them, strangers; pointing out that it was occupied by the natives of the country up to the time of the latest Saxon invasion, and until the Saxons obtained permanent possession of Herefordshire. The area comprehends between 30 and 40 acres, now appropriated to the growth of corn and hops. It had three entrances, one of them called the " King's Gate." In ploughing the area, spear and arrow heads have been found, together with brass coins, horse-shoes of antique form, human bones, and flint implements. About 2 miles S. from Ledbury is the Vineyard camp, the works of which have been almost defaced by the plough. The battle of Ledbury: Prince Rupert on his way from Hereford to Shrewsbury had reached Leominster with his army, when he heard that Colonel Massey, the Governor of Gloucester, had advanced to Ledbury with a considerable body of horse and foot. The Prince determined to surprise him there, and having marched all night, reached Ledbury on the morning of Wednesday, 22nd April, 1645. Massey had barely time to raise a barricade of carts, &c., in the Homend, to check the advance of his impetuous adversary. Here the attack was made by Lord Astely's and Colonel Washington's foot, and after desperate fighting, the barricade was opened, and Lord Loughborough, at the head of the cavaliers, charged down the street, and encountered the round-bead cavalry led by Massey in person. Meanwhile another body of cavaliers passed along the back Homend, and after an encounter in the churchyard attested by bullet marks still visible on the church walls, and the presence of slugs and bullets lately extracted from the north door of that edifice pushed forward across the grounds now forming Mr. Biddulph's park, to cut off the enemy's retreat towards Gloucester. In the streets the combat raged fiercely; Prince Rupert and Colonel Massey, both of them conspicuous for unflinching courage, took part in the fray as though they were as irresponsible as their troopers, and each had his horse killed under him, but Massey knew his men were beaten, and in his account of the battle, he says, ''We made it good against them (the enemy) so long till my foot might retreat a secure way to Gloucester." Massey was driven out of the town, and his army broken up; some retreated through Dymock, others by Redmarley; and Massey himself with eighty horse, got away to Tewkesbury. The pursuit was entrusted to Colonel Thomas Sandys. In Prince Rupert's account of the battle he says, "Massie was soundly beaten yesterday, his foot quite lost, and his horse beaten and pursued within six miles of Gloucester," and generously adds, " He, himself, and some of his officers made a handsome retreat." Of the rebels 120 were killed; amongst them Major Backhouse, and Captain Kyrle, of Much Marcle, very many were wounded, and near 400 taken prisoners, including in the latter, 27 round-bead officers. Massey alleged Prince Rupert's army to be 6,ooo or 7 ,ooo horse and foot, and that his own force was about s,ooo foot and 350 horse: but it is believed these numbers are over-stated. Prince Rupert allowed his weary soldiers to rest at Ledbury on the night following the battle, and then resumed his march to Ludlow.
470 LED BURY. POSTAL REGULATIONS. Post and Telegraph Office, New Street. Mr. William Augustus Baker, Postmaste1·. Despatch of Lette1·s. - • LINES OF RoAD AND CHIEF PLACES OF DESTINATION. • Day Mail, Gloucester • • • • •• 10.30 a.m . North Mail, Malvern, Worcester, Birm- ~ 6.45 p.m. ingham, Stafford ••• London, Gloucester, West of England ... 8. 5 p.m . Ledbury Postal District . ... • •• 6.0 a. m . • . - Delivery of Letters . • - LINES m' ROAD AND CHIEF PLACES FROM WHICH DELIVERY BY LETTER CARRIERS AND TO CALLERS MAILS ARE RECEIVED. BEGINS AT London, Gloucester, and North of England 7.0 a.m. Day Mail, London, Gloucester, &c. s.o p.m. • ••• . - Letters can be registered up till half an hour before the despatch of any mail. Money orders are granted and paid, Post Office Savings Bank, Insurance, Annuity, Inland Revenue stamps, and Licence business transacted from 7.0 a.m. till 8.o p.m. daily, except on Sunday, Good Friday, and Christmas Day. For Telegraph and ordinary business this office is open from 7.0 a.m. till 8.o. p.m. on week-days, and from 7.0 a.m. till Io.o a.m. on Sundays. The Wall Letter Box, Homend terrace, is cleared at 8.o a.m. and 6.0 p.m. on week-days only. Sub-Post Ojjice, Wellington Heath; James Price, Sub-Postmaster. -Letters arrive by messenger from Led bury at 7.30 a. m.; despatched thereto at 5.30 p.m. Letters can be registered here. Ledbury is the nearest money order and telegraph office and post town. Sub-Post O.ffice, The Trumpet, Pixley; Mrs. Stokes, Sub-Postmz'stress. Letters arrive by mail-cart from Led bury at 7. I 5 a.m. ; despatched thereto at 5.30 p.m. Letters can be registered here. Tarrington is the nearest money order office. Ashperton station is the nearest telegraph office. Post town, Ledbury.
LED BURY. Rural Letter Carri'e1's. To Trumpet, Eastwood, Tarrington, Pixley, Putley, Munsley, Ashperton, Aylton, Canon Frame, Stretton Grandison, Frame Hill, Woolhope, Eggleton, ,, Wellington Heath and Coddington ... , Bosbury, Staplow, Swinmore, &c. . .. , Haffield, Donnington, Greenway, Leadington, Preston, & Little Marcle , Eastnor, Bromsberrow, and Berrow ... , Ludstock, Hambrook, Falcon Lane, Plaistow, Marley Hall, and Wallhills ... , Bradlow, Chance's Pitch, and Massington Depart at 6.30 a.m. 6.30 a.m. 6.30 a.m. 6.30 a.m. 6.30 a. m. 6.30 a.m. 47I Return at 6.15 p.m. 6.15 p.m. 6.15 p.m. 6.15 p.m. 6.15 p.m. 11.30 a. m. 10.0 a.m. ACTING 1\fAGISTRATES FOR LEDBURY PETTY SESSIONAL DIVISION. -(The justices meet in petty sessions every alternate 'Vednesday at 11 a.m., at the Police Court, Church street). Lieut.-Colonel John Ernle Money-Kyrle, Homme House, Cha£rman,; John Hopton, Esq., Canon Ffrome Court; William Charles Henry, Esq., M.D., Haffield; Lieut.-Colonel Richard Frederick W ebb, London ; W. A. H. Martin, Esq., Upper Hall; M. Biddulph, Esq., M.P., Ledbury Park ; Rev. John Buckle, M.A., Ashperton; Charles Archibald Hewitt, Esq., Hope End; John Riley, Esq., Putley Court; Audley Mervyn Archdale, Esq., Underdown; Edward John Webb, Esq., Ledbury; C. W. Radcliffe Cooke, Esq., M.P., Hellens; W. B. Mynors, Esq., Bosbury House; W. S. Broad wood, Esq., Malvern Wells; Major Audley Money-Kyrle, Homme House; Frank Ricardo, Esq., Bromesberrow Place, Ledbury; and C. W. Bell, Esq., Bronsil, Eastnor, Ledbury. Clerk to the Magzstrates, William Masefield, Esq. The followz"ngz"s a Lz"st of Parishes and Places comprised z1z the Petty Sessiotzal Division: Ashperton, Aylton, Bosbury with Upleadon, Canon Frame, Castle Frame, Coddington, Colwall, Donnington, Eastnor, Eggleton, Ledbury, Marcle (Little), Marcle (Much), Munsley, Pixley, Putley, Stretton Grandison, Tarrington, W oolhope, and Yarkhill. BANKS. Capital and Comzft"es Bank, L£mz"ted (bra11ch of}, draw on head office, 39, Threadneedle street, London; bank hours, 10 till 3, on Tuesdays, 10 till 5, and on Saturdays, 10 till 1 ; Archibald Brown, Esq., Manager, High Street. Natio1zal Prov£nc£al Bank of England, Lim-ited (branch of), draw on the head office, Bishopsgate street, corner of Threadneedle street, London, E.C. ; Bank hours 10 till 3, on Tuesdays, Io till 5, and on Saturdays, 10 till I; Edward Maddison, Esq., Ma1zag-er, Homend. NEWSPAPER. Ledbury Free .A·ess and Herefordshire Advertiser, published every Tuesday, by Mr. Luke Tilley; price, one penny; established 1869 : office, High street. See advertz'sement at end of .Directory.
LED BURY. PLACES OF WORSHIP. Par£sh Church (SS. Mz"chael and All Angels). Rev. John Jackson, M.A., Rector; Edward Maddison, Esq., and Dr. Thomas Hill, Chu1·chwardens .; Mr. Thomas W. Peake, Organ-ist and Choir Master; Edwin Smith, Parz"sh Clerk. Christ Church, Wellington Heath. Rev. F. Salter StookeVaughan, M.A., Vt:car.; Charles Archibald Hewitt, Esq., and Mr. Edward Pritchett, Churchwardens.; Henry Lane, Parz"sh Clerk. Chapel of Ease, New street. Rev. L. B. Bubb, M.A., of Pembroke College, Oxford, Curate. Bapt-ist Chapel, Homend. Rev. H. D. Brown, Mim"ster. Congregat£onal Chapel, High street. Rev. Cuthbert Y. Potts, JVIz"nister. Wesleymz Chapel, Homend. Rev. Henry Cotton, Minister. Mzsszon Hall, Bye street. Mr. Neighbour, Evangelz"st. Plymouth Brethren, Southend. SCHOOLS. Natzonal (boys), Homend. Mr. George W. Paul, Master. Nat£onal (gz1·ls), Hall end. Mrs. Sarah Jane Caldwell, lUistress. Infants, Hall end. Miss Harrell, JUistress. Girls' Charity, Southend. Miss Pickard, Mistress. Hope End Nat£onal (boys and girls), Wellington Heath.--. Mr. John \Vay, Master. Infants Miss Ann Ford, lJtfzsb·ess. PUBLIC BUILDINGS, INSTITUTIONS, OFFICES, SOCIETIES, ETC. Anc£ent Order of .Fo1·esters (Court "Good Samaritan," No. 3730, held at the Royal Oak Hotel, first Wednesday in each month). Mr. J. Kings, Secretary . . Assembly Room at Feathers Hotel (used for public meetings, &c.) Brz"tz"sh Women's Temperance Assoc£at£on. Lady Elizabeth Biddulph, Preszdent; Mrs. Maddison, Vice-President; Miss Burden, Secretmy. Meet fortnightly at the Town hall. Cemetery, New street. William Masefield, Esq., Clerk to Burz'al Board.; Robert Summers, Supen'ntendent at Cemetery. Corn Exchange (held in a commodious room attached to the Feathers Hotel), High street. County Court held every alternate month at the Court house, Southend). Sir Rupert Alfred Kettle, Merriyale, Wolverhampton, Yudge ( CZ:rcuit 23); The Superintendent, County Court Department, Treasury, Whitehall, S.W.; George Harry Piper, Esq., Ledbury, Registrar.; Francis Wyatt Dyer, Esq., Worcester, High Bailiff./ Harry Barnham, Sub-Bailiff~ The following t's a Lz'st of Places z1z the ju1·z"sdt"ctz'on of the Ledbury County Court Ashperton, Aylton, Bosbury, Canon Frome, Castle Frome, Coddington, Colwall, Donnington, Eastnor, Eggleton, Ledbury, Marcle (Little), Marcle (Much), Munsley, Pixley, Putley, Stretton Grandison, Tarrington, Wellington Heath, W oolhope, and Y arkhill.
LEDBURY. 473 Depot of the Chrz'stimz Knowledge Society at Mr. Luke Tilley's. Dispensmy, New street. Miles Astman Wood, Esq., Surgeon. Gas Works, New street. The Ledbury, Gas, Coal, and Coke Co., Proprzetors.; Mr. James Owen, Secretary.; Mr. Robert Hiner, Jlfanager. Good Templars (St. Catherine's Lodge, ATo. I,5o1, and .fuvenz"le Temple in connection with the Lodge). Meetings held at the Commercial School, Southend. Independent Order of Oddfellows, MU. (Lodge" St. Catherine," No. 6,315, held at the Plough hm, every fourth Wednesday). Henry Griffiths (grocer), Secretary~· Huberty Bray, Hon. Treasurer. Inland Revenue Office at The Willows, Homend. Mr. J. Pickering, Officer. Ledbury Band of Hope. Rev. C. Y. Potts, President; Mr. C. H. Hill, Secretmy. Meet at Town hall. Ledbury Cottage Hospital, Homend street. The Right Hon. Lady Henry Somerset, Patroness.; Dr. Henry, President; Edward John Webb, Esq., Hon. Treasu1·e1'; Edward W. Forward, Esq., Hon. Sec.; M. A. Wood, Esq., Hon. Phys£cz"an; Miles A. Wood, Esq., and Dr. "\Vood, Hon. Surgeons./ Sister M. A. Foster, JJfatron. Ledbu1-y Cricket Club. E. W. Forward, Esq., Hon. Sec. and Treasurer.; Rev. L. B. Bubb, Captaz"n. Ledbury Cycl-ing Club. Mr. T. S. S. Gardner, Captain. Ledbury Cycling Touring Club. Mr. T. S. S. Gardner, Consul; Mr. H. Harrington, Homend, Repairer; Feathers Hotel, Headquarters; .Royal Oak, Quarters. Ledbury Excelsior Cricket Club. Major Palairet, Presz'dent; Mr. T. H. Pickering, Hon. Sec.; Mr. F. Carless, Hon. Treasurer,; Mr. F. ·w. ] uckes, Captain. Ledbury Freehold Buildi1zg Socz"ety. Mr. Henry Morgan, Sec1·etary; ]esse Garrood, Esq., SoHcz'tor. Shares, £25 each; pay nights, third Monday in each month, at the Masonic hall, High street. Ledbury Horticultm·al Society (established 1875). John Basil Masefield, Esq., Hon. Sec. Ledbury Hounds (the kennels are near the Railway station).- C. Gordon Canning, Esq, Hartpury, Gloucester, Master. LedbU1:J Hunt Steep!echases (established 1884). Major Scobell, The Down House, Redmarley, Newent, Hon. Sec. Annual Meeting in April. Ledbury Markets and Fairs Company, Limited. Market-day, Tuesday. Fairs held second and last Tuesday in every month. Auctions commence at 11 o'clock. A pleasure fair is held on the second Tuesday in October. ]esse Garrood, Esq., Secretary,- Luke Tilley, Market 1Jfanage1·. Ledbu.ry News Room, Worcester road. E. J. Webb, Esq., Hon. Sec. Ledbut-y Temperance Union (established r882). Lady Elizabeth Biddulph, Pres£dent; C. A. Hewitt, Esq., Vice-R-esident ; Rev. C. Y. Potts, Secretary and Treasurer. Meetings at the Town hall. Masonic Lodge (Eastnor, No. 751). Held at the Masonic hall first Friday in each month. z
474 LEDBURY. Police Statz"on and Mag-istrates' Rooms (Hereford County Constabulm-y), Church street. Mr. A. T. Cope, Superintendent for LedbU1'.J Dzv£s£on; with one sergeant and five men. Reading Room and Library, Church lane. M. Biddulph, Esq., M.P., President; E. Maddison, Esq., Hon. Treasurer; Mr. T. S. S. Gardner, Hon. Sec. Rechabi'te Tent (Good Samaritan, No 1,497). Mr. Leonard H. Richards, Secretary; meet at the Coffee House, Homend, last Monday in each month. St. Kathan.1ze's Hospital, High street. The Rev. Canon Musgrave, Jtfaster; Rev. L. B. Bubb, Chaplain. Town Hall or Market House. Available for public meetings. UNION WoRKHOUSE. (The guardians meet at the Board-room, Ist and 3rd Tuesdays in each month, at I I a. m.) C. A. Hewitt, Esq., ].P., Hope End, Ledbury, Chairman_; Mr. E. Pritchett, Woodleigh, V£ce-Cha1·1·man _; Edward John Webb, Esq., Ledbury, T1·easurer j G. H. Brett, Esq., Auditor~· Rev. F. S. Stooke-Vaughan, Wellington Heath, Chaplain; Richard Homes, Esq., Ledbury, Clerk to the Guardimzs and to the Rural Sanitary Authority .i Miles A. Wood, Esq., M.R.C.S., Ledbury, Medical Officer to Ledbu1y Dzstrict and to the Union House/ Thomas Hill, Esq., M.D., Ledbury, Medical Officer to Bosbury Distrz'ct ~· John Henry Wood, Esq., M.B., M.R.C.S., Tarrington, Medical Officer tu Yarkhzll Dzstrict _; Mr. John Dillon, Dispenser_; Mr. Henry Morgan, Master/ Mrs. Fanny Morgan, Matron_; Mr. A. G. Smith, Ledbury, Relz'eving Officer and Vaccz"nation Officer for No. I Dzstrz"ct / Mr. John Stratton Stevens, Hazle, Tarrington, Relieving Officer and Vacci-nation Officer for No. 2 Dt'strict. The Umon comprises the following Parzshes: Ashperton, Aylton, Bosbury, Canon Frame, Castle Frame, Coddington, Colwall, Donnington, 'Eastnor, Eggleton, Ledbury, Marcle (Little), Marcle (Much), Munsley, Pixley, Putley, Stretton Grandison, Tarrington, Woolhope, Y arkhill, and Mathon in Worcestershire. REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS, DEATHS, AND MARRIAGES. Richard Homes, Esq., Superintendent Regz'strm·, office, Union Workhouse; Mr. James Owen, New street, Regz'strar of Marri'ages / Mr. Albert G. Smith, New street, Regt'strar of Births and Deaths for No. I Distr-ict, and Mr. ] ohn S. Step hens, Hazle, Tarrington, fo·r No. 2 Dz"sb·z"ct. No. I (or Ledbury) dzstrz'ct comprises the Parishes of Ledbury, Bosbury, Canon Frame, Castle Frame, Coddington, Colwall, Donnington, Eastnor, and Mathon in Worcestershire. No. 2 (or Yarkhzll) Dt'strz'ct comprt'ses the Parishes of Ashperton, Aylton, Eggleton1 Marcle (Little), Marcle (Much), Munsley, Pixley, Putley, Stretton Grandison, Tarrington, Woolhope, and Yarkhill. PUBLIC OFFICERS. Assz'stant Overseer. Mr. Joseph Charles Riley, Newbury Park. Clerk to the Burial Boa1·d. William Masefield, Esq. Clerk to the Comm£sst'one1·s of Taxes. William Masefield, Esq. ; Surveyor of Taxes, W. Sharland, Esq., Inland Revenue office, Hereford.
• LED BURY. 475 Clerk to the Guardians of Ledbury Union. Richard Homes, Esq., offices, The Workhouse. Clerk to the Magistrates for Ledbury .Division. William Masefield, Esq. Clerk to the School Attendance Committee. R. Homes, Esq. Conse1vati've Registration Agents for Ledbury District. George H. Piper, and Charles E. Lilley, Esqs., Court house, Southend . .Di'stnoutor of Stamps, and of Excise Lt"cences. Mr. William Augustus Baker, Post office. First Herefordshire Rifle Volunteer Corps, Armoury, Hall end.- Major F. N. Dew, Hereford, Acting Captain; Mr. W. Jones, Quartermaster-Sergeant/ Mr. John Edwards, Colour-Sergeant~· Sergeant John Lewis, .Dn'll Instructor. Inspector of Weights and Measures, and Common Lodging Houses.- Superintendent Cope, Police office, Church street. Ledbury Fz're Brt'g6lde (under the superintendence of the Lighting Inspectors). Mr. James Dawes, Captain/ Mr. S. Wargent, Forema1Z; Engine house, Hall end ; Fire bell situate on the Feathers Hotel; there are three engines and a fire escape. Ledbury Hz'ghway Bom·d. (The members meet on the first Tuesday on each month.) W. B. Mynors, Esq., Bosbury House, Chairman; William Masefield, Esq., Clerk; Mr. G. V. Kings, Ashperton, and Mr. Caleb Spencer, Preston, Surveyors. Ledbury Lighting Inspectors (meet on the first Monday in each month, at Jesse Garrood's, Esq., Southend). ]esse Garrood, Esq., Messrs. W. ]. Brown, G. C. Spencer, Wm. Forder, Wm. Hampton, John Davies, Thomas Badsey, Benjamin Bastow, John S. Webb, John Pedlingham, Major Smith, and \Vm. Manton; Mr. John Preece, Clerk. Ledbury Rural Sanitary Authority (meet at the Board-room, Union Workhouse, third Tuesday in each month, at 12 o'clock. The poor law guardians constitute the sanitary authority.) Rev. M. Hopton, M.A., Chairman~· H. V. Sandford, Esq., M.D., Hereford, Medical Officer of Health,; Richard Homes, Esq., Clerk/ Mr. William Dingley, Inspectorof Nitisances. Liberal Registrat-ion Agent. ]esse Garrood, Esq. Registrar of the County Court. George Harry Piper, Esq., Court house. Steward of the Manor of Ltdbury. William Masefield, Esq. CONVEYANCES. Railway Station (Great Western and Midland Razlway Companies).- Mr. Richard Roberts, Station Master and Goods Agent. Omnibuses from the Feathers and the Royal Oak Hotels attend the arrival and departure of all trains. Great Western and Midland Parcels Rece£ving Ojjice at the Royal Oak Hotel, Southend. Mr. E. H. Hopkins, Agent. Carners by Raz'l to all Parts. R. T. Smith & Co., agents for the G.W.R. Co. ; office Railway station. .J.V.fidland Railway Agent, Mr. Joseph Baker, Rose Mount, Homend. Can·i'ers to London (Parcels). Sutton & Co., Parcel Delivery office, High street. Mr. Luke Tilley, Agent.
476 LEDBURY ALPHABETICAL DIRECTORY. CARRIERS. Destination. Name of Carrier. Days. Depart from. Ash pert on Aylton Bishop Frome Bosbury ""Bosbury Bosbury Bromes berrow Canon Frome Castle Frame / Coddington Col wall Donnington Dymock Dymock Kempley _Much Marcle Much Marcle Pendock, Berrow Ed ward N ewman William Mattey Thomas Gregory Mrs. Cartwright Mrs. Da.vies James Pullen Henry Hardman Ed ward N ewman Thomas Gregory John Powell John Powell John F encott Charles Davies John Fencott Mrs. Mason Charles Davies John F encott Tuesday do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. Tues. & Fri. Tuesday Tues. & Fri. Tuesday do. Tues. & Fri. • New Inn White Lion Ring of Bells Seven Stars Seven Stars The Plough Royal Oak New Inn Ring of Bells Seven Stars Seven Stars The Oak Seven Stars The Oak Old Talbot Seven Stars The Oak and Eldersfield Putley Redmarley George Shaw William Mattey ]. Bailey Tuesday do. do. do. do. do. do. New Inn White Lion Seven Stars Seven Stars Seven Stars Seven Stars White Lion Ross Stanley Hill Tarrington Woolhope Charles Davies Mrs. Hawkins Thomas Smith Henry Cox LEDBURY ALPHABETICAL DIRECTORY. PRIVATE RESIDENTS. Adams, Mrs. Harriet, Homehd Archdale, Captain Audley Mervyn, J.P., Underdown Ash win, The Misses, N ewtown Badsey, Thomas, Worcester road Ballard, Henry, New street Ballard, Miss C. A., Homend Barnes, Mrs., Victoria cottage, Newtown Barnett, Benjamin, Homend Baylis, Miss, Homend Baylis, Philip, barrister at law, Homend, and 12, Kings' Bench Walk, Temple, London Biddulpb, Lady Elizabeth P., Ledbury park Biddulph, Michael, M.P. for the southern or Rossdivisionof Herefordshire, D.L., J.P., Ledbury park, 19, Ennismore gardens, Prince's Gate, London, S. W., & Brooks's and Refonn Clubs, S. \V. Blunsden, Wm., Audley cottage, Worcester road Bosley, Benjamin, Southend Bowler, Samuel, Church street Brown, Archibald, High street Brown, Henry David, Baptist minister, N ewbury park Bubb, Rev. L. B., M. A., curate, & chaplain to St. Katharine's hospital Burrows, Charles, Knole view Cale, John, N ewtown Carr, Miss, Albert road, N ewtown Clark, Edwin J ames, Hawthorne villa, New street Cotton, Rev. Henry, W esleyan Minister, The Manse Oowmeadow, Mrs., Southend Davies, Mrs. Evan, New street Davies, The Misses, South Parade, Southend Dickson, David, New street Eman, Mrs. Ann, Newtown Freeman, Mrs. Thomas, Bridge street. Gardner, Thomas Stephen, South Parade Garrood, J esse, Southend Gregg, Miss M., New street Grundy, Thomas, New street
LEDBURY ALPHABETICAL DIRECTORY. 477 Hampton, William, Sen., Southend Harenc, Mrs. E., Lower Hall Henry, William Charles, M.D., F.R.S., J.P., Haffield Hill, Mrs. Chas., Oaklands villa., Horn end Bill, Thomas, M.D., Eastnor house, \Vorcester road House, William, Southend street Hunt, Mrs., Southend Jackson, Rev. John, M.A. (rector of Ledbury and surrogate for the diocese of Hereford) The Rectory Jay, Miss, New street J enkins, Miss, Horn end J essett, J ames, Ho mend Jones, Mrs. Hannah, Homend Jones, Wm., Jubilee villas, Newbury park Jukes, Miss, Southend Jukes, Mrs., Southend Maddison, Edward, Homend Manton, William, Southend Martin, W aldyve Alexander Hamilton, J.P., Upper Hall Marsh, lJr. Henry, The Bolts Masefield, Basil, The Knapp, Homend Masefield, George Edward, The Priory Masefield, William, Gloucester house Matthews, Edward, Newbury park Matthews, Mrs., South parade Mutlow, J oseph Wickes, Homend Musgrave, Rev. Wm. Peete, M.A. (canon of Hereford cathedral and master of St. Katharine's hospital) Neighbour, G., Evangelist, Foley house, Bye street Palairet, Major Charles H., West hill, Worcester road Parlour, Mrs., Southend Piper, George Harry, The Court house Potts, Rev. Cuthbert Y., Congregational minister, High street Poytherus, Richard, Bankside, New street Preece, Mrs., New street Pritchett, Edward, W oodleigh, Staplow Ricardo, Frank, J.P., Bromesberrow place Richards, Rev. John., Primitive Methodist, Southend Russell, Mrs., William, The Woodlands, Parkway Smith, John Russell, Homend lodge Smith, Miss E., Southend Stephens, Charles W esley, county councillor, The Cross Stooke-V aughan, Rev. F. Salter, M. A., Wellington Heath Sugden, John Per<Jy, Park cot., Southend Thomas, Mrs. N., New street Vallender, Mrs. C., Laurel villa, Newtown W ebb, Edw. John, Bank House, Homend W etson, Miss, Homend White, Charles, Newbury park Whitefoord, Rev. Philip, M.A. (rector of Aylton), Worcester road Willcox, Mrs., Brook house, Newtown Wood, Miles Astman, M.R.C.S., L.S.A., F.R.C.S., Orchard Leigh, New street Wood, Miles Astman, Junr., L.R.C.P., F.R.C.S., Orchard Leigh, New street COMMERCIAL. ALL EN, EDWIN J AMES, wholesale and retail pork butcher, sausage and pig's pudding manufacturer, home-made brawn, lard, &c., bacon curer, & general provision stores. Shops supplied on good terms. Homend ALLEN, MRS., WILLIAM, dress and mantle maker, ladies' own materials fashionably made up, terms most reasonable, Church street Alien, Richard, Lower Mitchell farm Allgood, Miss E. C., jeweller, Southend Badcock, Daniel and Matilda, drapers, milliners, &c., High street Baggott, Robert, cabinet maker, Homend Baker, .Toseph, accountant, Midland railway agent Baker, Wm. Augustus, postmaster, New st. BALLARD, J. E., grocer and provision merchant ; agent for W atkins & Son's Golden Sunlight ale, and Sun }'ire and Life office. High street Banks, J ames, shopkeeper, Ho mend Banks, William, White Horse Inn, Homend Barnett, George, signalman, Homend BARNETT, JAMES, Jun., dairyman, coal and coke merchant, Homend Barnett, J ames, W allhill farm BARNHAM, HARRY, agent for the Prudential Assurance Co., Limited, county court bailiff, &c., The Elms, New street Bastow, Benjamin, auctioneer and valuer, New street Bastow, Charles Herbert, manager for Lane & Son, brewers, Vine house, New street Bayley, George, carpenter, Newtown Baylis, Phillip, barrister-at-law, Homend Bebbington, Samuel, grocer, &c. Homend Bennett, George, grocer, &c., Homend BENNETT, Mrs. SARAH ANN, 2, Beulah villa, Newbury park. Comfortable apartments. Terms moderate Bennett's Wine and Spirit Stores, High st. ; Miss Speakman, manageress BERKLEY, LUCAS, watch and clock maker, jeweller, silversmith, optician, &c., Homend Best, George, Hill Top farm Bibbs, The Misses, dressmakers, Southend Bill, Mrs. Harriet, dairy, Homend Birchley, John, Middle W allhill farm Bishop, John, watchmaker, New street Boaz, Elijah, W oodfields farm BOSWORTH, HENRY, coal, coke, and salt merchant ; depot at Ledbury station. Coalville house, Newbury park Boyd, James, vet. surgeon, M.R.O. V.S., New street Bray, H., clothier and boot dealer, Bomend Brewer, Neighbour Henry, Ockridge farm BROOKES, THOMAS, shoeing and general smith, New street
478 LEDBURY ALPHABETICAL DIRECTORY. Brown, Archibald, manager of Ledbury branch of the Capital and Counties Bank Brown, Edwin. drapers' assistant, Southend Brown, John, Upper Wallhill farm BROWN, Miss E. M., bookseller, stationer, and fancy repository, Berlin wools, fancy work, &c., High street Brown, William John, grocer, High street Burden, Frederick, draper, High street Caldwell, Mrs. (mistress of national school for girls, Hall end), The Laurels, Homend Cale, Joseph, castrator, Homend Cale, Miss Eliz., dressmaker, Homend CALE, WILLIAM, cider and perry grower & merchant, Vale lodge, Ludstock Capital & Counties Bank (Mr. A. Brown, manager), High street Carter, Ueorge, Prince of Wales Inn, Church street Chadd, Benjamin, postman and shoemaker Bridge street CHADD, CHARLES, basket and sieve maker and cane worker, New street Chadd, Henry, shoemaker & town postman, Bridge street Chandler, A. B., bank clerk, New street Chichester, Mrs. M., Highbridge farm Christopher, Henry, shopkeeper, Homend Clare, Thomas, saddler, Southend Clark, J ames, A.rgus farm Clark, S., coal dealer, New street Clarke, Miss, & Amyes, Miss, eating house, Homend Clarke, R., fruiterer, &c., Bye street Comley, Thomas, Bell Inn, New street Cope, A. T., supt. of police, Church lane Cotton, Mrs. Maria, W oodhouse farm Daffern, William George, shopkeeper, Church street DALLOW, FRANK CHARLES, general smith, all kinds of shoeing done on the latest principle, agricultural implements, iron hurdles, edge tools, &c., made and repaired. Wellington Heath Danes, Mrs. Mary, toy & tobacco dealer, Ho mend Davies, Daniel & Charles, shoeing and general smiths, New street Davies, Henry James, postman, Newtown Davies, James, grocer, Bye street DA VIES, JOHN CHARLES, brick and pipe works and bone grinding mills, Fair tree DAVIES, JOHN, furnishing and general ironmonger, bell hanger, gas fitter, zinc & tin plate worker, High street Davies, Miss, dreRsmaker, Homend DAVIES, THOMAS FREDERICK, professor and teacher of music, organist, pianoforte tuner, and dealer in musical instruments, New street Davis, William, builder, Bridge street DAW, ROBERT, wholesale & retail English oak spoke manufacturer & merchant, Bye street Dawe, Edward Shepherd, Hall house farm Dawe, J ames Shepherd, Hazle farm Dew, Hy., ironmongers' assistant, Southend Dickson, lJavid, surgeon, dispensary, New street Dingley, William, sanitary inspector, South Parade, Southend Dobbs, Hannah, lodging house, Bye street Drinkwater, Richard, farrier and horse breaker, Homend Ed wards, Richard, superintendent of police, Market Hall street Ellsmore, G., White Lioo Inn, Bye street Evans, Benjamin, carpenter, Church street Evans, Charles, Dunbridge Farm EV ANS, J. D. (late A. Spencer), family draper, tailor & outfitter, Homend Fawke, Miss Harriet Ann, fancyrepository Homend Finch er, William, Jug's Green farm Fleetwood, John, shoemaker, Bye street Ford, Charles P., saddler and harness maker, New street lilfp, Ford, Miss Ann, (mistress of Hope End national school for infants), Wellington Heath Ford, Mrs. E., confectioner, New street FORDER, WILLIAM, family grocer and provision merchant, noted for 2s. tea, Lower Cross, Homend Fowler, Thomas, Siddiugton farm Freeman, Ernest, pharmaceutical chemist, High street Freeman, J ames, baker, Worcester road Gabb, Wm. Armell Cotterell, wine & spirit warehouse, Church street, and 7, High st. Garrood, Jesse, solicitor, (steward to M. Biddulph, M.P. & J.P., and solicitor to Ledbury Building Society ; also to the Market & Fair Co., Ledbury), Southend Gibbs & Son, stationers, Homend Gravenor, Richard, refreshment rooms, Southend Green, Mrs. Eliza, laundress, Homend GREENWAY, CHARLES, shoeing and general smith, Parkway Griffin, James, milkseller, Oatleys, New st. GRIFFITHS, HENRY, family grocer and provision merchant, corn and meal stores, Homend Gurney, Charles, tailor, Church street Gurney, Mrs. Elizabeth, White Hart Inn, Church street Guy, Mrs. Henry, New mills farm Haines, John, chimney sweep, Homend Hamblin, Thomas Charles, greengrocer, New street HAMPTON, WILLIAM, family boot and shoe maker ; sole agent for the waterproof " K " boot, Upper cross and New street Harbour, Mrs., dressmaker, Southend HARDING, JOSIAH, bacon curer, cornfactor, cheese factor, &c., Homend, and at Hereford. See Advertisement at end of Directory
LEDBURY ALPHABETICAL DIRECTORY. 479 HARRINGTON, HENRY, agricultural engineer, machinist, brass founder, implement manufacturer, &c., Homend Hartland, Wm., grocer & baker, Newtown Hatton, William Henry, plumber, &c., New street Haynes, Wm., huntsman, The Kennels Henry, Wi1liam Charles, M.D., F.R.S., J.P., Haffield Hill, Andrew, shoemaker, Homend HILL, CHAS. & SONS, Carrara Works. Every description of architectural and monumental sculpture, plain stone, marble, granite, and slate works, New street Hill, George, builder, &c., Homend Hill, J ames, The N oad farm Hill, Thomas, M. D., physician & surgeon, Eastnor house, Worcester road Hiner, Robert, manager of gas-works, New street Hinton, Chas., fruit & fish salesman, Homend Hodges, Arthur, clerk, Homend Hodges, Benjamin, shopkeeper and tailor, Bridge street Hodges, ,John, grocer, &c., Homend Hodges, Samuel, coal agent, N ewtown HODGES, TOM, auctioneer, surveyor, and appraiser, land agent, timber valuer, &c. ; sales of stock in Led bury markets on the second Tuesday in each month ; agent for the Ocean Insurance Co., and l{oyal Fire and Life Ass. Co.; cash advanced to any extent on approved security ; Oaklands Hollings, ,John, Fox Inn, Homend Homes, Richd., solicitor, clerk to the Ledbury Board of Guardians and Sanitary Authority, clerk to W oolhope School Board, and superintendent registrar, Homend Hopkins, E. H., Royal Oak Hotel, Southend HO:PKINS, GEORGE, carriage and coach builder ; repairs in all its branches, New street. Hopkins, George, wheelwright, Staplow Howard, Thomas Harry, Plough Inn (and dealer), Homend street J ames, Benjamin, Brewery Inn, Bye street Jeffs, Miss :3arah Ann, shopkeeper, Bye st. J enkins, Mrs. Ann, Bargain's farm J essett, William, shoemaker, Church street Johnson, Mrs., dressmaker, New street J'OHNSON, THOMAS, hairdresser and tobacconist, Lower Cross, Homend Jones, George Bradford. Woolpits farm J ones, John, blacksmith, Ho mend Jones, Lewis, stationer, Homend J'ONES, THOS. CHARLES, grocer and baker, Homend Jones, William, miller, New mills Jones, William, tailor, New street J ukes, N athaniel, furniture dealer, Homend Keeley, Alien, clothier, High street XING, CHARLES, wheelwright, and carpenter, Southend Kirk, Richard Henry, boot maker, New st. Lamb, J., photographer, Homend Lambert, Mrs. Emma, shopkeeper, Homend Lane, Edward Thomas, Baynham farm Lane, Edward Thomas, Rea farm Lane & Sons, wine and spirit merchants, High street Lane & Son, brewers, Vine brewery, New st. Lewis, Albert Charles, shop assistant, Bridge street Lewis, John, drill instructor, Back lane Lewis, Michael, ironmonger's assistant, New street Lilley, Charles Edward, solicitor (firm of Piper & Lilley); hon. sec. Ledbury branch of Herefordshire Conservative Union, Southend street, and Deep Dene, Bodenham road, Hereford Lloyd, J ames, chimney sweeper, Bye street Lloyd, ,J ames, temperance lodging house, Bye street London 'l'ea Co. (R. H. Wilks, manager), High street Lucy, John, law clerk, Southend McDonald, Horace Sidney, fishmonger, New street Madders, William, grocer, &c., Homend Maddison, Edward, manager, Ledbury branch National Provincial Bank Maddox, Austin, china and seed dealer, Homend Maddox, John, Hill house farm MADDOX, RICHARD, plumber, glazier, painter, paperhanger, house decorator, and dealer in oils, paints, and paperhangings, Homend MANNING, JAMES P., seed merchant and nurseryman, Southend house MAN TON, WILLIAM, auctioneer and valuer, offices, New street; Feathers Hotel, High street; res. Southend Marsh, Dr. Henry, The Bolts Masefield, William, solicitor, commissioner for oaths, clerk to the magistrates, clerk to the burial board, clerk to the highway board, clerk to the commissioners of taxes, steward of the manor of Ledbury, Gloucester house, Southend MAYO, THOMAS EDWARD, butcher, High street Meacham, Vincent W., chemist, High st. MEATS, JOHN & SONS, coal, coke, salt, tile, fllate, and brick merchants. Truck loads sent to any station at wholesale prices; retail depots, Colwall, Ledbury, and Newent Stations MEREDITH, Mrs. J. V., private boarding house, superior and pleasant apartments, with or without board ; every home comfort; 1\ioderate terms; highest references from late boarders and others. Rose mount, Homend terrace MERRICK, SAMUEL, wholesale and family grocer, and provision merchant; agent for Harris's Wiltshire bacon, High street
LEDBURY ALPHABETICAL DIRECTORY . • Mills, E., proprietor Victoria Temperance and Commercial Hotel, Homend Mitchell, Jas. Henry, shoemaker, Homend Morgan, Frederick, watchmaker, New st. Morgan, J. H., milkman, New street Morgan, Thomas, bootmaker, Homend Morris, James, Seven Stars Inn, Homend Morris, Miss Mary, dressmaker, Homend MOSS, GEORGE, coal merchant, haulier, &c., Homend Murdock, W., New Lily Hall farm Mutlow, John, solicitor, 1, Beulah villa, N ewbury park, office, New street Mutlow, John V., Plaistow farm MUTLOW, JOSEPH HANKINS, wine and spirit merchant, large room, tent and grounds for parties, also private rooms, Biddulph Arrns Hotel NATIONAL PROVINCIAL BANK of England (branch office). Hours 10 till 3, Tuesdays, 10 till 5, Saturdays, 10 till 2 ; Edward Maddison, manager ; agent for Phomix fire ; Life Association of Scotland, and Lancashire and Yorkshire accidental Assurance Co.'s. Homend Norman, John, shopkeeper, New street Oakley, Miss Olive, furniture dealer, New street Owen, J ames, law clerk, Laurel mount, New street Painter, Thomas, coachman, Homend :P ALMER, WILLIAM, cider and perry manufacturer and merchant ; agent for the Sutton Oak Manure Co.'s blood and bone manures, The Burton's farm, Wellington Heath. &e Advertisement at end of Directory Palmer, Wm., Old Talbot Inn, New street Parkes, J. Stephen, surgeon, Southend st. Parr, John, china, glass, and seed dealer, High street Parry, John, Old Lily Hall farm Parsons, Mrs. George, shopkeeper, Staplow Parton, Chas., The Ring of Bells, New street :PASSEY, ALBERT JOHN, miller, corn, meal, and flour factor, Hazel mill Paul, G. W., master of the national school for boys, Homend Peake, Thomas William, organist of parish church, Worcester road Pedlingham, Charles, grocer, High street PEDLINGHAM, HARRY, sign writer, grainer, plumber, glazier, coach and furniture painter, paperhanger, decorator, &c., dealer in oils, colors, varnishes, paper hangings, &c., Bye street Pedlingham, John, grocer, Southend Pedlingham, Samuel, greengrocer, Church street Pickard, Miss, schoolmistress of the national school for girls', Southend Pickering, J oseph, Inland Revenue office, The Willows Piper, George Harry, F.G.S., solicitor, Southend (firm of Lilley and Piper) ; registrar of the county court ; perpetual commissioner ; commissioner for oaths;. conservative registration agent; hon.local sec. for Royal agricultural benevolent institution; agent for the London assurance, and Alliance fire and life insurance offices, Court house Powell, J ames, signalman, N ewtown Preece, George, grocer & baker, Newtown Preece, Robert, plumber, Southend Preece, William, painter, New street Price, Charles Wm., Lily Hall house Price, John, wheelwright, New street Price, William, sergeant of police, Church street Pulling, Henry, carpenter, Homend street Rayner, Matthew W., shop assistant, Homend Restell, Thomas, Horse Shoe Inn, Homend RICHARDS, L. H., Commercial School, Southend. Member of Phonetic Society. Sound commercial education, &c. ; also infants' department Riley, J oseph Charles, rate collector and assistant overseer, N ewbury park Robbins, W. A., confectioner, New street Roberts, J ames, confectioner, High street Roberts, Richard, station master RUSSELL, ELIZABETH, Abbey House School (established 1875). Boarding and day school for young ladies, with home comforts, Homend Russell, J ames, Marley Hall farm Scattergood, Wm., horse dealer, Homend Shinn, John, grocer, Homend Shinn, William, carpenter, Hornend Skittery, William M., Flights farm Smart, William Henry, Vine Brewery Tap, New street Smith, A. G., registrar of births & deaths, New street . SMITH, DA VID, builder and contractor, monumental sculptor, &c., works, Homend, office, Bridge street Smith, Edwin, parish clerk, Worcester road Smith, H. V., solicitor, Ankerdine house, South Parade Smith, Thomas, hairdresser & tobacconist, Southend Smith, William, grocer, &c .. , Homend South, Richard, Mitchell farm Spencer, G. C., draper, High street Starkey, Harry, New Inn, Homend iltreet STEPHENS, CHARLES WESLEY, furnishing general ironmonger, iron and oil merchant, implement agent, locksmith and bellhanger, hot water fitter, swing bedstead and bedding warehouse, The Cross Stephens, Charles, gardener, Homend Stinton, Edw. :Francis, cooper, Homend Suter, G. A., general draper, High street TALBOT, MARTIN RICHARD, Steam Saw Mills, South Parade, New street. See Advertisement at end of Directory
LEDBURY TRADES DIRECTORY. TILLEY, LUKE, printer, bookseller, and stationer, High street. Depot of the S.P.C.K. ; Ledbury Free Press office ; Sutton's Parcels office; agent for Norwich Union Fire, and London Accidental Insurance Companies. See advt. at end of Di1·ectory. Townsend, William, blacksmith, Staplow Tyler, Mrs. Ann, laundress, Bridge street Underwood, Wm., fish salesman, Homend VICTORIA TEMPERANCE COMmercial Hotel, commercial, private and large dining rooms. Hot dinners daily ; well-aired beds ; good accommodation for cyclists. E. Mills, proprietor WALKER & SONS, butchers, Homend. Families waited upon for orders daily Wargent, George, builder, Bridge street W argent, Stephen, grocer's porter, Horn end Warren, Andrew, hoopmaker, Newbury park WARREN, GEO., manufacturer of wood hoops, hurdles, pick and hammer shafts, spreaders, &c., works, Union lane W atkins, Henry, Dingwood park farm Watkins, J ames, Orlham farm W atkins, Step hen, pump maker, New street Watts, William, tailor, Worcester road Way John, (master of Hope End national school for boys and girls), Wellington Heath W ebb, Edward John, Bank house, Homend 'V ebb, George, tobacconist, Homend street Webb, George, Swan Inn, Homend \V ebb, J. S., grocer, High street W ebb, Thomas Chas., butcher, Homenil Went, George, cow keeper, StorPs' brook W etson, Frederick, Massington farm Wetson, Mrs., dressmaker, Southend "\Vhittenbury, Miss M., ladies' school, New street Williams, Ern est, shop assistant, N ewbury park Williams, Samuel, police constable, Market Hall street Wintle, Miss Mary, income tax: collector, Worcester road WITTS, CHARLES, tailor and hosier, High street Wood, Charles, hairdresser, Ho mend Wood, Miles Astman; F.R.C.S., Orchardleigh, New street Wood, Miles, Astman, Jun., L.R.C.P., F.R.C.S.; medical officer to Ledbury district, and to the Union house, New st. Wright, Charles, stud groom, The Kennels LED BURY TRADES DIRECTORY. Accountant. Baker, J oseph, M.R. agent, Led bury . Agent Coal. Hodges, Samuel, N ewtown Agent-House and Estate. Hodges, Tom, Oaklands Agents-Insurance. .Alliance (fire and life)-Geo. Harry Piper, F.G.S., Southend Eagle (life)-Jesse Garrood, Southend Lancashire & Yorkshire (accident)- E. Maddison, National Provincial Bank Life .A:Jsociation of Scotland-E. Maddison, National Provincial Bank Lond<Jn-Geo. H. Piper, F.G.S., Southend London (accident)-Luke Tilley, High st. Manckester(fire )-Jesse Garrood, Southend Norwich and London (accident)- Luke Tilley, High street Norwich Union (fire & life)-Luke Tilley, High street ' Ocean-Tom Hodges, Oaklands Pkrenix (fire)- E. Maddison, National Provincial Bank Prudential-Harry Barn ham, New street Railway Passenge1·s-J esse Garrood, Southend Royal (fired: life)-Tom Hodges, Oaklands Bun (fire & life}-J. E. Ballard, High st • Agricultural Implement Manufacturers. Dallow, ]frank Charles, Wellington Heath Harrington, Henry, Homend Stephens, Charles W esley, The Cross Ale and Porter Merchants. Ballard, J. E., High st. (agent for Watkins and Son's Golden Sunlight ale) Bennett, J. G., & Co., High street Lane & Sons, High street Appraiser. Hodges, Tom, Oaklands Auctioneers. Bastow, Benjamin. New street Hodges, Tom, Oak]ands :Man ton, William, New street
LEDBURY TRADES DIRECTORY. Bacon Curer. Harding, J osiah, Homend Bakers. Freeman, J ames, Worcester road Hartland, William, N ewtown Jones, Thomas Charles, Homend Preece, George, Newtown Bankers. Caeital and Counties Bank (branch of). Hours, 10 till 3: Tuesdays, 10 till 5; SaturdayH, 10 tilll. A. Brown, Manager National Provincial Bank of England (branch of). Hours, 10 till 3 ; Tuesdays, 10 till 5 ; Saturdays, 10 till 1. E. Maddison, Manager (agent for Phamix Fire, Life Association of Scotland, and Lancashire and Yorkshire Accidental Assurance Companies), Homend Basket Maker. Chadd, Charles, New street Bedding Warehouse. Stephens, Charles W esley, The Cross Berlin Wool Repository. Brown, E. M., High street Bill Poster. Tilley, Luke, High street Blacksmiths. Brookes, Thomas, New street Dallow, Frank Charles, Wellington Heath Davies, Daniel and Charles, New street Greenway, Charles, Parkway Jones, John, Homend Townsend, William, Staplow Boarding Houses. Bennett, Mrs. S. A., 2, Beulah villa, Newbury park Meredith, Mrs. T.V., Rose mount, Homend terrace Bone Grinding Mill. Davies, John Charles, Fair Tree Bookbinder. Tilley, Luke, High street Booksellers. Brown, E. M., High street Tilley, Luke, High street Boot and Shoe Makers. Bray, H., Homend Chadd, Benjamin, Bridge street Chadd, Henry, Bridge street Fleetwood, John, Bye street Hampton, Wm., Upper Cross and Newst. Hill, Andrew, Homend Jessett, William, Church street ~ Kirk, Richard Henry, New street Mitchell, J ames Henry, Homend Morgan, Thomas, Homend Brewers. Bennett, J. G., & Co., High street Lane & Son, Vine Brewery, New street Brick and Tile Maker. DAVIES, JOHN CHARLES, brick and pipe works and bone grinding mills, Fair Tree Builders. • Davis, William, Bridge street Hill, George, Homend · Smith, David, works, Homend st., Bridge street office, W argent, George, Bridge street Building Material Dealers. Meats, John, & Son, Led bury station Butchers. Alien, Edwin James, Homend Mayo, Thomas Edward, High street Walker & Sons, Homend W ebb, Thomas Charles, Homend Cabinet Maker. Baggott, Robert, Homend Carpenters and Joiners. Bayley, George, N ewtown Evans, Benjamin, Church street King, Charles, Southend Pulling, Henry, Homend Shinn, William, Homend Smith, David, Homend Castrator. Cale, Joseph, Homend Cattle Dealer. Howard, Thomas Harry, Homend Chemists and Druggists. Freeman, Ernest, High street Meacham, Vincent W., High street
LEDBURY TRADES DIRECTORY. Chimney Sweepers. Haines, John, Homend Lloyd, J ames, Bye street China and Glass Dealers. Maddox, Austin, Homend Parr, John, High street Cider & Perry Manufacturers Cale, William, V ale lodge, Ludstock Palmer, Wm., Burton's farm, Wellington heath Clothiers. Bray, H., Homend Keeley, Alien, High street Coach Builder. Hopkins, George, New street Coal Merchants. Barnett, J ames, Homend Bosworth, Henry, depot at Ledbury station, res. Newbury park Clark, S., New street Hodges, Samuel, Newton Meats, John, & Sons, Led bury station Moss, George, Homend Confectioners. Ford, Mrs. E., New street Robbins, W. A., New street Roberts, J ames, High street Cooper. Stinton, Edward Francis, Homend Corn Factors. Griffiths, Henry, Homend Harding, J osiah, Horn end Passey, Albert John, Hazel mill Dairymen. Barnett, J ames, Homend Bill, Mrs. Ha.rriett, Homend Griffin, J ames, New street Morgan, John H., New street Went, George, Stores brook Drain Pipe Manufacturer. Davies, John Charles, Fair tree Drapers. Badcock, D. & M., High street Burden, Frederick, High street Evans, J. D., Homend Spencer, G. C., High street Suter, G. A., High street Dressmakers. Alien, ~frs. Wm., Church street Bibbs, The Misses, Southend Bill, Mrs., Ho mend Cale, Miss Elizabeth, Homend Davies, Miss, Homend Harbour, Mrs., Southend J ohnson, Mrs., New street Morris, Miss Mary, Homend W elson, Mrs., Southend Fancy Repositories. Brown, Miss E. M., High street Fawke, Miss Harriett Ann, Homend Tilley, Luke, High street Farmers. Alien, Richard, Lower Mitchell Barnett, J ames, Wall hill Best, George, Hill Top Birchley, John, Middle W allhill Boaz, Elijah, W oodfields Brewer, Neighbour Henry, Ockridge Brown, John, Upper W allhill Chichester, Mrs. 1\l., High bridge Clark, J ames, Argus farm Cotton, Mrs. M aria, W oodhouse farm Dawe, Edward Shepherd, Hall house Dawe, J ames Shepherd, Hazle Evans, Charles, Dunbridge farm Fawke, Miss Harriett Ann, Homend Fincher, William, Jug's Green farm Fowler, Thomas, Siddington Guy, Mrs. Henry, New mills Hill, James, The Noad farm J"enkins, Mrs. Ann, Bargain's farm J ones, George Bradford, Wool pits farm Lane, Edward Thomas, Rea farm Lane, Edward Thomas, Baynham farm Maddox, John, Hill house farm Murdock, W., New Lily Hall farm Mutlow, John V., Plaistow farm Patty, John, Old Lily hall farm Russell, J ames, Marley hall farm Skittery, Wm. M., :Flight's farm South, Richard, 1\litchell farm Watkins, Henry, Dingwood park farm W a.tkins, J ames, Orlham farm W etson, Frederick, Massington farm Farrier. Drinkwater, Richard, Homend Fishmongers. Hinton, Charles, Homend McDonald, Horace Sidney, New street Underwood, Wm., Homend Fruiterers. Clarke, R., Bye street Hinton, Charles, Homend
LEDBURY TRADES DIRECTORY. Furniture Dealers. J ukes, N athaniel, Horn end Oakley, Miss Olive, New street Game-Dealer in McDonald, Horace Sidney, New street Gardener. Stephens, Charles, Homend Gas Fitter. Davies, John, High street Greengrocers. Hamblin, Thomas Charles, New street Pedlingham, Samuel, Church street Grocers. Ballard, J. E., High street Bebbington, Samuel, Homend Bennett, George, Homend Brown, Wm. John, High street Davies, J ames, Bye street Forder, Wm., Lower Cross, Homend Griffiths, Henry, Homend Hartland, Wm., Newtown Hodges, John, Homend J ones, Thomas Charles, Homend London Tea Co., High street Madders, William, Homend Merrick, Samuel, High street Pedlingham, Charles, High street Pedlingham, John, Southend Preece, George, N ewtown Shinn, John, Horn end Smith, Wm., Homend Webb, J. S., High street Hairdressers. Johnson, Thomas, Homend Smith, Thomas, Southend Wood, Charles, Homend Haulier. Moss, George, Homend Hoop Makers. Warren, Andrew, Newbury park Warren, George, Union lane Horse Breaker. Drinkwater, Richard, Homend Horse Dealer. Scattergood, Wm., Homend Hosier. Witts, Charles, High street Hotels. Biddulph .Arms.-J os. H. Mutlow, High st. Feathers.-Wm. Manton, High street Royal Oak.-E. H. Hopkins, Southend Vwtoria Temperance and Cornmercial.-E. Mills, proprietor, Homend Inns and Taverns. Bell.-Thomas Comley, New street Brewery.-Benjamin J ames, Bye street Fox.-J ohn Hollings, Homend Horse Shoe.-Thomas Restell, Homend New.-Harry Starkey, Homend Old Talbot.-William Palmer, New street Plough.-Thomas Harry Howard, Homend Prince of Wales. -Geo. Carter, Church st. Ring of Bells.-Chas. Parton, New street Seven Stars.-J ames Morris, Ho mend Swan.-George Webb, Homend Vine Brewery Tap.-Wm. Henry Smart, New street White Hart.-Mrs. Elizabeth Gurney, Church street White Horse.-Wm. Banks, Homend White Lion.-George Elsmore, Bye street Ironmongers. Davies, John, High street Stephens, Charles Wesley, The Cross Jewellers. Allgood, Miss E. C., Southend Berkley, Lucas, Homend Laundresses. Green, Mrs. Eliza, Homend Tyler, Mrs. Ann, Bridge street Locksmiths & Bellhangers. Davies, John, High street Stephens, Charles Wesley, The Cross Lodgings. Dobbs, Hannah, Bye street Lloyd, J ames, Bye street Machinist. Harrington, Henry, Homend Maltsters. Lane & Sons, High street Manure Dealer & Agent. Palmer, William, Barton's farm; agent for Sutton Oak Manure Co. Millers. J ones, William, New mills Passey, A.lbert John, Hazel mill
LEDBURY TRADES DIRECTORY. 485 Milliners. Badcock, D. & M., High street Evans, J. D., Homend Monumental Sculptors. Hill, Charles & Son~, Carrara. works, New st. Smith, David, works, Homend, (office, Bridge street) Musical Instrument Dealers. Davies, Thomas Frederick, New street Tilley, Luke, High street Music Sellers. Davies, Thomas Frederick, New street Tilley, Luke, High street Newsagent. Tilley, Luke, High street Newspaper. Ledbury Free Press, published every Tuesday. Office-Luke Tilley's, High street Nurseryman. Manning, James P., Southend house Optician. Berkley, Lucas, Homend ' Outfitter. Evans, J. D., Homend Painters and Decorators. Maddox, Richard, Homend Pedlingham, Harry, Bye street Preece, William, New street Paperhanging Warehouses. Maddox, Richard, Homend Pedlingham, Harry, Bye street Photographer. Lamb, J., Homend Physician. Henry, William Charles, Haffield Pianoforte Tuner. Davies, Thomas Frederick, New street Picture Frame Makers. Preece, R., Southend Tilley, Luke, High street Plumbers and Glaziers. Hatton, Willia.m Henry, New street Maddox, Richard, Homend Pedlingham, Harry, Bye street Preece, Robert, Southend Posting Houses. Hopkins, E. H., Royal Oak Hotel Manton, William, Feathers Hotel Printer. Tilley, Luke, High street Professor and Teacher. Davies, Thomas Frederick (of music and organ), New street Provision Dealers. Alien, E. J., Homend Ballard, J. E., High street Bebbington, Samuel, Homend Bennett, George, Homend Brown, William John, High street Davies, J ames, Bye street Forder, William, Lower Cross, Homend Griffiths, Henry, Homend Hodges, John, Ho mend London Tea Company, High street Madders, William, Homend Merrick, Samuel, High street Pump Maker. W atkins, Stephen, New street Refreshment Rooms. Clarke, Misses, Homend Gravenor, Richard, Southend Saddlers & Harness Makers~ Clare, Thomas, Southend Ford, Charles P., New street Salt Merchants. Meats, John, & Son, Led bury station Saw Mill. Talbot, Martin R., New street, res. South Parade Schools (Private). Richards, L. H., Commercial School, Southend Russell, Elizabeth, Abbey House Ladies School Whittenbury, Miss 1\f., Ladies' School, New street Seedsmen. Maddox, Austin, Homend Manning, James P., Southend house Parr, John, High street
486 LEDBURY TRADES DIRECTORY. Servants' Registry Office. Tilley, Luke, High street Shoeing Smiths. Brookes, Thomas, New street Dallow, Frank C., Wellington Heath Davies, Daniel & Charles, New street Greenway, Charles, Parkway Shopkeepers. Banks, J ames, Ho mend Christopher, Henry, Homend Daffern, William George, Church street Hodges, Benja.min, Bridge street J effs, Miss Sarah Ann, Bye street Lambert, Mrs. Emma, Homend Norman, John, New street Parsons, Mrs. George, Staplow Solicitors. Garrood, Jesse (Com'missioner for oaths; solicitor to National Provincial Bank of England Lim. (Ledbury branch); solicitor to Ancient Order of Foreste1·s, Ledbury Building Society and Mm·ket Company; steward to M. Biddulph, Esq., M.P.,; agent to Eagle Life Office, Manchester Fire Office, and Railway Passengers' Assurance Company against accidents) office, Southend Homes, Richard (clerk to the Ledlntry board of guardians, a.nd sanitary authority; clerk to the W oolhope school board, and superintendent registrar, Homend Lilley, Charles Edward, (firm of Piper and Lilley), Southend Masefield, William, solicitor, (commissioner for oaths; steward of the manor of Ledbury; clerk to the highway board; clerk to the magistrates ; clerk to the burial board ; clerk to the commissioners of taxes; Gloucester house, Southend Mutlow, John, Newbury park; office, New street Piper, George Harry, F.G.S., (firm of Piper and Lilley), registrar of the county court; perpetual commissioner; commissioner for oaths; conservative registration agent; Hon. Local Sec. for Royal A qricultural Benevolent Institution, agent for the London assurance and the Alliance fire and life insurance offices); Court house, Southend Smith, H. V., Ankerdine house, South parade Spoke Manufacturer. Daw, Robert, Bye street Stationers. Brown, E. M., High street Gibbs & Son, Homend J ones, Lewis, Horn end Tilley, Luke, High street Stone Masons. Hill, Charles & Sons, Carrara. works, New street Surgeons. Dickson, David, New street Hill, Thomas, M.D., Eastnor house, Worcester road Parkes, T. Stephen, Southend Wood, Miles, Astman, F.R.C.S., Orchardleigh, New street Wood, Miles Astman, jun., L.R.C.P., and F.R.C.S., New steet Surveyor. Hodges, Tom, Oaklands Tailors. Evans, J. D., Homend Gurney, Charles, Church street Hodges, Benjamin, Bridge street J ones, William, New street Watts, William, Worcester road Witts, Charles, High street Tin-plate Worker. Davies, John, High street Tobacconists. Danes, Mrs. Mary, Homend J ohnson, Thomas, Ho mend Smith, Thomas, Southend Webb, George, Homend Toy Warehouse. Danes, Mrs. Mary, Homend Tilley, Luke, High street Valuers. Bastow, Benjamin, New street Hodges, Tom, Oaklands Man ton, William, New street Veterinary Surgeon. Boyd, James, M.R.C.V.S., New street W at eh and Clock Makers. Berkley, Lucas, Homend Bishop, John, New street Morgan, Frederick, New street Wheelwrights. Hopkins, George, Staplow King, Charles, Southend Price, John, New street Wine and Spirit Merchants. Bennett, J. G. & Co., High street Gabb, Wm. A. C., 7, High st. & Church st. Lane & Sons, High street Mutlow, Joseph Hawkins, Biddulph Arms Hotel
LEINTHALL EARLES LEINTHALL STARKES. 487 LEINTHALL EARLES. LEINTHALL EARLES, or LITTLE LEINTHALL, is a township and chapelry in the parish of Aymestrey, distant about 2 miles N.E. of that village, 9 S.W. of Ludlow, 9 N.W. of Leominster, and 20 N.W. of Hereford ; is in Wigmore hundred, Leominster union and county court district, Wigmore petty sessional division, and Kingsland and Aymestrey polling district and electoral division of the county council. The population is included in the returns for Aymestrey parish (see Aymestrey, page 89). The area of the chapelry is 991 acres. Mrs. Dunne is lady of the manor and chief landowner. The soil is loam and gravel; subsoil, limestone ; products, wheat, barley, &c. The living is a perpetual curacy in the diocese and archdeaconry of Hereford and rural deanery of Leominster; patron, the Vicar of Aymestrey; vicar, Rev. E. Barton, LL.B., of Christ's College, Cambridge, vicar of Wigmore, and residing at Wigmore vicarage, Kingsland, R.S.O., Herefordshire, who was instituted in 1879. The chapel, dedicated to St. Andrew, was partially restored in 1872, at the expense of the late Thomas Dunne, Esq., of Bircher hall. The register begins with the year 1591. There is a national school for boys and girls endowed with £9 yearly, to educate six poor children of this township. The school-room has been enlarged to accommodate 44 children ; average attendance, 26. PosTAL REGULATIONS. Letters are received through Kingsland about 9 a.m. ; despatched thereto at 5 p.m. Kingsland is the nearest money order and telegraph office. Letters should be addressed.- Leinthall Earles, Kingsland, R.S.O., Herefordshire. Chapel of Ease (St. Andrew's). Rev. Edwin · Barton, LL.B., Vicar/ Mr. Matthew Jones, Churchwarden/ Richard Turner, Parish Clerk. National School (boys and g£rls). Miss Batten, Mzsb·ess. Assistant Overseer. Mr. I. L. Watkins, Covenhope, Aymestrey. CARRIER TO LUDLOW. Name Days Mrs. Meyrick Mon. & Sat. PRIVATE RESIDENT. Dunne, Mrs., Gatley park COMMERCIAL. Bamett, J ames, farmer, The Mansion Batten, Miss Mary Ann, schoolmistress Berry, Sarah, cottage farmer, The Wylde Berry, William, woodkeeper, The Wylde Bowen, John, cottage farmer, Gogin Bowkett, Henry, farmer, Dyne's court LEINTHALL Stopping Place The Globe Return at 4 0 Dunne, Mrs, farmer & landowner, Gatley park Gale, Thos., cottage farmer, The Wylde Griffiths, Mrs. Mary, farmer, Lower Gatley farm Jones, Matthew, farmer, The Hall J ukes, Richard, cottage farmer Partmgton, J no., gamekeeper, The Wylde Powis, John, farmer, Oldfield Thomas, John, cottage farmer Turner, Richard, parish clerk, Brook cottage STARKES. LEINTHALL STARKES is a small parish situated on the main road between Ludlow and Wigmore, distant 6 miles S.W. of Ludlow, II
LEINTHALL ST ARKES. N.W. of Leominster, II E.S.E. of Knighton, 9 N.E. of Presteigne, and 22 N.N.W. of Hereford. It is in Wigmore hundred and petty sessional division, Ludlow union and county court district, and Burrington and Wigmore polling district and electoral division of the county council. The population in 1871 was 146; in 1881, 133 ; inhabited houses, 30; families or separate occupiers, 30; area of parish, 991 acres; annual rateable value, £I,099· A. ]. Rouse Boughton-Knight, Esq., of Downton Castle, is lord of the manor and principal landowner. The soil is loam and gravel, with a clayey subsoil ; chief produce, wheat, beans, peas, turnips, and barley. Leinthall Starkes is in the diocese and archdeaconry of Hereford and rural deanery of Leominster; living, a vicarage; value £22, with 6o acres of glebe; patron, A. J. R. Boughton-Knight, Esq.; the Rev. Alfred Bannister, M.A., of Oxford, rector of Aston, is at present the officiating minister. The church, dedicated to St. Mary Magda!ene, is an old Norman structure, with a small Norman east window, and windows of later date inserted in the south wall, a very handsome open timber roof, and a chancel screen. Other small Norman windows are, a high one in the west gable and two in the north wall.. This church, which, though possessing many very interesting features, had fallen into a sad state of dilapidation and decay, was-,:estored in 187 5· It has a small belfry with two bells, porch, and a fairly good old font. There is a free school for boys and girls, endowed with £14 per annum by Thomas Alien, Esq., in 1704. There are a few small charities belonging to the parish, annual value, £2 ros. PosTAL REGULATIONS. Letters arrive by messenger from Ludlow at 9 a.m. ; despatched thereto at 4.30 p.m. Leintwardine is the nearest money order and telegraph office. Post town, Ludlow. Parish Church (St. )Jfary Magdalene). Rev. Alfred Bannister, M.A., Officiating Minister.; Mr. William Tudge, Churchwardm ,· William Preece, Parish Sexton. Endowed School (boys and girls). Miss Rosa Turner, Mistress. CARRIERS TO LUDLOW. Name Days Return at · Elias Williams Charles Bennett Mon. & Sat. do. Stopping Place Rose & Crown Blue Boar 4 0 4 0 PRIVATE RESIDENTS. Bowen, John, freeholder, The Cottage Gri:ffiths, Mrs., freeholder COMMERCIAL. Bennett, Charles, cottage farmer EASTHOPE, JOHN T., wheel· wright and carpenter ; all charges for repairs strictly moderate Franklin, William, blacksmith PREECE, CHARLES, tailor and draper, 33 years experience, good fit and workmanship guaranteed. • Price, Thos., farm bailiff for A. J. R. Boughton-Knight RICKARDS, WILLIAM, Fox Inn, licensed retailer of wines, spirits, beer, &c., comfortable accommodation for travellers; good stabling Tudge, William, farmer & cattle breeder Turner, Miss Rosa, schoolmistress V enables, Rd., cottage farmer, Leinthall common Ward, Thomas, shopkeeper and cottage farmer Williams, Elias, gardener and freeholder
,LEINT\VARDINE. LEINTWARDINE, WITH THE TowNSHIPS OF LEINTWARDINE, KINTON, WHITTON AND TRIPPLEToN, BRAKES, MARLow, HEATH AND JAY (NoRTH SmE); "WALFORD, LETTON AND NEWTON, ADFORTON, STANWAY, PAYTOE AND GRANGE (SouTH SIDE). LEINTW ARDINE, a very extensive parish on the borders of Shropshire, consists of the places above named. The village is situated on the main road leading from Ludlow to Knighton, and on the river Teme, near its confluence with the Clun. These streams are famed for trout and grayling fishing, and the village has become a favourite resort for anglers. The scenery in this neighbourhood is very fine, the Teme running most fantastically between the finely-wooded heights, which lend so great an attraction to this spot. Leintwardine is distant 9 miles W. of Ludlow, 13 N.W. of Leominster, 23 N.N.W. of Hereford, 5 S.W. of Onibury station on the Shrewsbury and Hereford railway, 4 E. of Bucknell, and 3 S.E. of Hopton Heath stations on the Knighton and Central Wales railway. It is in Wigmore hundred, and Leintwardine polling district and electoral division of the county council. Leintwardine, north side, is in Ludlow union and county court district, and Wigmore and Clun and Purslow petty sessional division ; the south side is in Knighton union and county court district, and Wigmore petty sessional division. The total population of Leintwardine parish in 1871 was r,668; in 1881, 1,570; inhabited houses, 328 ; families or separate occupiers, 391. The following is the population, &c., of the townships :- Leintwardine, north side (part of), in Ludlow union . . . . . . .. . .. <::<=l W alford, Letton, and Newton . . . ·;; B ~ Adforton, Stanway, Paytoe, and ij:§·a Grange ... ... ... ui~ ::1 Pop. r871. 1,229 211 228 Pop. x88r. 1,179 187 204 Inhabited houses. 243 40 45 The area of the entire parish is 8,574 acres, viz., Leintwardine, north side, 5,507 acres, and Leintwardine, south side, 3,067 acres. The rateable value of Leintwardine, south side, is £3,197, viz : Adforton, £1,662, and Walford, £1,535, and Leintwardine, north side, £8,196. Byorders which came into operation on 25th March, 1885, under the Divided Parishes Act, a detached part of Downton was amalgamated with Leintwardine (north side); and detached parts of Leintwardine (north side) were amalgamated with Down ton and Burrington. Andrew Johnes Rouse Boughton-Knight, Esq., of Downton castle, and Robert William Daker Harley, Esq., of Brampton Brian, are the lords of the manors and principal landed proprietors. The soil is loamy; subsoil, limestone; chief produce, wheat, barley, roots, and pasture. A pleasure fair is held on May 7th. Leintwardine, the Bravinium of the Romans, is situated on the old Roman road (Watling street) from W roxeter to Kenchester. A bout one mile south of the village is Brandon camp. This camp, which is of a square form, with a single ditch and rampart, is thought to have been occupied 2 A
490 LEINT\VARDINE. by Ostorius Scapula previous to his decisive victory over Caractacus. Wigmore abbey was the burial-place of three, or four, of the Earls of March, and other m em hers of the Mortimer family. Leintwardine is in the diocese of Hereford and arch deaconry and rural deanery ofLudlow; living, a vicarage; value, £400, with residence; patron, Rev. ]. W. Colvin ; vicar, Rev. John William Colvin, M.A., Corpus Christi College, Oxford, who was instituted in 1885. A. J. R. BoughtonKnight, Esq., Robert W. Daker Harley, Esq., and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners and others are the lay impropriators. The church, dedicated to St. Mary Magdale11e, is a large and remarkably fine structure, in the Early English style of architecture. It consists of nave, north and south aisles, north transept, chancel, sub-chancel, vestry, apparatus crypt, and south-western tower, containing six bells. A general restoration of the fabric was effected in I 86 5-66 at a cost of nearly £3,ooo. The work was carried out under the superintendence of Thomas Nicholson, Esq., F.I.B.A., of Hereford. A very handsome west window was erected in I867 by]. C. Prescott, Esq., of Manchester, in memory of his father, formerly resident in the parish. The chancel window has been filled with stained glass in memory of the late Lieut.-Colonel John Colvin, C.B., by members of his family. The parish register commences with the year I 545· There is a reading-room in the village, built by subscription in commemoration of Her Majesty's Jubilee, with an abundant supply of newspapers and various games. There is a national school for boys and girls, endowed with £ 6o per annum, with accommodation for 226 children; average attendance, I I4- An infant school-room for 6o children was erected in I 872. The parochial charities are distributed to the deserving poor in bread, clothes, and coal. There is a Congregational chapel in the village, with a private school in connection. The Primitive Methodists have also a chapel here. By the bridge, at Leintwardine, stand the new water works. There are some handsome residences in this parish ; Heath House, a modern mansion, the property of Sir Edward Ripley, Bart., and now occupied by Major Sunderland and C. C. Seton, Esq, ; St01·mer Hall, the seat of Herbert Crawshay, Esq.; Seedley House, the property and residence of Charles L. Clerke, Esq.; Marlow Lodge, that of J oseph Beddard Green, Esq., and George Smythies, Esq., J.P. ; Lez"ntwardz"ne House, the residence of A. C. Sim, Esq., and Hz'gh Tree Bank, W. King, Esq. Kinton is a township in Ludlow union, Leintwardine north side, distant about half-a-mile N. of the church. Whitton and Trippleton form a township in Ludlow union, Leintwardine north side. Whitton is about half a mile E., and Trippleton about I mile S.E. of the village. Brakes is a township in Ludlow union, Leintwardine north side, distant 4 miles E.N.E. of the church. It joins Downton parish, and is close to Shropshire. Marlow is a township about a mile and a half N. of Leintwardine village, and the same distance S.E. of Hopton Heath railway station. It is in Ludlow union, Leintwardine north side, and borders on Shropshire. Heath and Jay form a township of Leintwardine, but belong to the county of Salop. The Heath is distant about 2~ miles N.W. of the village, and is near the Central
LEINTWARDINE. 491 Wales railway. It is in Purslow hundred, Ludlow union, Leintwardine north side. Jay is distant about a mile from the village. Walford, Letton, and Newton form a township in Knighton union, Leintwardine south side. Walford is a little over a mile S.S.W. of the village, near where the road from Leintwardine branches off to Presteigne, and the road from Knighton branches off to Wigmore. Letton and Newton are on the Presteigne road, between 3 and 4 miles S.W. of Leintwardine village. Adforton, Sta.nway, Paytoe. and Grange form a township in Knighton union, Leintwardine south side, and are distant about 2 miles S. of the church. A chapel of ease, dedicated to St. Andrew, has been erected at Adforton, on a site given by R. W. Daker Harley, Esq., at a cost of £965 15s., and was opened in 1875· This work was originated by £400 being given by the late Lieut.-Colonel Colvin, of Leintwardine, for church extension in the parish. There is a board school at Adforton. for the united district of Adforton, Stanway, Paytoe, Grange, Walford, Letton and Newton, with accommodation for 75 children; average attendance, 52. The Primitive Methodist chapel at Adforton was erected in 1863. PosTAL REGULATIONS. Sarah Overton, Sub-Postmistress. Letters arrive by rail, via Bucknell, at 5.30 a.m.; despatched at 7 p.m. Money order, telegraph, and savings bank business transacted from 9 a.m. till 6 p.m. Inland Revenue licenses are granted at this office. Letters, etc., should be addressed Leintwardine, R.S.O. (Herefordshire.) The letter-box at Adforton is cleared at 7.30 p.m., and that at Walford at 7.30 p.m. Parish Church (St. Mary Magdalene). Rev. John William Colvin, M.A., Vicar/ Messrs. Charles L. Clerke and Benjamin Newton, Churchwardens,; Mr. E. Charnock, Organist/ John Evans, Parish Clerk. Chapel of Ease (St. A11drew's ), Adforton. Natzonal School (boys and girls). Mr. E. Charnock, Master; Mrs. Charnock, Sewing Mistress. School Board for the United District of Adforton, Stanway, Paytoe, Grange, Waiford, Letton, and Newton. John E. Nott. Esq., Chairman; Frank C. Herbert, Esq., Vice-Chairman; James Brown, Clerk/ Mr. W. Freemantle, Master. Infant School. Mrs. Charnock, Mistress. Congregational Chapel. Rev. E. E. Ingham, Minister. Primitive Methodist Chapel, Leintwardine. Rev.]. Davies, Minister. Primitive Methodist Chapel, Adforton. Ministers various. Congregational Private School, Leintwardine. Rev. E. E. Ingham, Master. North and South Wales Bank (sub-agency of). Open every Friday, from 12 to 3 o'clock; under the management of Mr. J. P. Medlicott, of Knighton. Established at Leintwardine, June 23rd, 1876. Police Station. Thomas H. Marston, Resident Constable. Registrar of Births, Deaths, and Marriages for Leintwardine District of Ludlow Union. Mr. Richard J ones. Assistant Overseer for Le.i'ntwardine (south side). Mr. James Brown, Adforton.
492 LEINTW ARDINE. Assista11t Overseer for Lez1ztwardt'ne (north side). Mr. Richard ]ones. • CARRIERS TO LUDLOW. Name Richard Jones George Mellings ] ames Saviger Days Mon. & Sat. do. Stopping Place Rose & Crown The Star The Corn passes Return at 5 0 4 30 do. 4 0 PRIVATE RESIDENTS. Cartwright, John A. T., Esq., M.R.C.S. Clerke, Charles L., Seedley house Colvin, Rev. John William, M. A., (vicar), The Vicarage Crawshay, H., Stormer Hall Davies, Mrs., Old Vicarage Davies, Uev. J., (Primitive Methodist), Poplar cottage :Ellis, Robert, W atling street Evans, Hugh Thomas Go ode, Edmund, W alford cottage Grassett, Edward, W etmore Green, George Hall, Whitton villa Green, J oseph Beddard, Mar low lodge lng-ham, Rev. E. E. (Congregational minister), Bridge house Jones, Mrs., Burton cottage King, William, High tree bank Middleton, James E., Brockley villa Nott, John E., Walford lodge Oliver, Thomas Page, Mrs., Rosemary Lane Roberts, George, Adforton Seton, C. C., Heath house Sheriff, The Misses J a ne and Mary Ann, Brandon villa Sim, A. C., Leintwardine house Smythies, Geo., J.P., Marlow lodge Sunderland, Major, Heath house Taylor, Mrs. C. M., Church street Thomas, The Misses, Old Vicarage COMMERCIAL. All en, J ames, gardener and seedsman Amphlett, .John, brick and tile manufacturer, Brakes Beavan, James, butcher and farmer Beavan, John, farmer, Kinton Beavan, Richard, blacksmith, Wbitton Beddoes, William, farmer Bowdler, Thomas, farmer, Letton Bridgwater, Wm., farmer and haulier, Adforton Brown, Jas., assistant overseer, Adforton Cartwright, John A. T., M.R.C.S., surgeon Charnock, E., schoolmaster, Leintwardine Clerke, Charles L., farmer & landowner, Seedley house Crawshay, Herbert, farmer & landowner, Stormer hall Evans, John, tailor and parish clerk Fenn, Andrew, farmer, Kinton farm Fenn, Thomas, farmer and estate agent, Brakes ; res., Stonebrook house, Downton, Ludlow Freemantle, Wm., schoolmaster,Adforton Gittins, Jas., farmer, Adforton Gittins, Samuel, woodkeeper, Adforton Gittins, William, farmer and lime burner, 1\Iocktree Goodwin, James, farmer, Trippleton Gough, Thomas, mason and stone cutter Griffiths, George & Charles, saddlers & harness makers Griffiths, Mrs., boot and shoemaker Grove, Thomas, fishing tackle maker Gwilt, Richard, farmer, Whitton HALL, CHARLES SAMUEL, Lion hotel, comfortable accommodation for travellers and visitors, good posting house HARLEY, FRANCIS, boot and shoe maker, W alford. Shooting boots, warranted good wear. Practical workmanship. Repairs neatly executed Howells, Misses L. & E., shopkeepers, Walford Hughes, John, shoemaker Hughes, Richard, farmer, Adforton James, William, wheelwright, Adforton J ones, Charles, blacksmith, 'Valford Jo:ries, Charles, lime burner, Corverland Jones John, shoemaker, and daily carrier to Hopton Heath station J ones, Richard, assistant overseer, registrar of births, deaths, and marriages for Leintwardine district of Ludlow union JONES, WILLIAM, builder, contractor, undertaker, and pumpmaker. West street. Estimates for general • repa1rs. Lawrence, William, shoemaker and letter • earner Lippett, John, beer retailer, Sun Inn Lucas, John, cooper 1\Ialpas, W., blacksmith, Watling street 1\'Iansell, John, farmer, Jay farm Marston, Thomas H., police constable Medlicott, (bailiff to A. J. R. BoughtonKnight, J.P.), Gravel farm Mellings, Geo., carpenter, wheelwright, and carrier Meredith, Edward, river keeper 1\Ieredith, Mrs. Margaret, shopkeeper Meredith, Samuel, grocer, &c. 1\'Ierrick, William, cottage farmer and threshing machine proprietor, Mocktree
LEINTW ARDINE LEOMINSTER. 493 Monmngton, Frederick, shopkeeper, Brakes Monnington, Richard, farmer, Letton Monnington, William, farmer, W alford Newton, Benjamin, miller and fariner, Grange mill Overton, Sarah, stationer and subpostmistress Overton, Thomas, mason Parr, Alfred, farmer & landowner, Paytoe Phillips, Benjamin, wheelwright Plant, John, farmer, W alford Preece, John, lodging house keeper PRICE, ALBERT, builder and contractor, estimates given for repairs, Watling street PRICE, EDWIN, corn, meal, and flour factor, baker, confectioner, &c., Church street; goods delivered free of charge PRICE, RICHD., draper, grocer, ironmongery, drug, & tea dealer, agent for Gilbey's wines and spirits, estab. over lOO years ; High street Pritchard, J ames, grocer Pritchard, John, farmer, Adforton Pugh, George, relieving officer Pugh, William, farmer, The Pools Randle, Caleb, cottage farmer, Adforton Rawlings, John P., grocer, draper, &c., REYNOLDS, GEORGE, tailor & breeches maker, Watling street; good workmanship guaranteed Saviger, James, farmer and beer retailer, Cooper's ArrM STAINES, JOHN, builder, contractor, joiner, cabinet maker, upholsterer, and agent for Monsell Bros., furniture removers. Estimates for hot and cold water fittings. West street STEPHENS, JAS., agricultural implement maker, shoeing and general smith. Special attention to the repairing of steam threshing machines, reapers, mowers, &c. Stokes, John, letter caJTier Tipton, John, beer retailer, Cottager's Comfort WALL, WILLIAM, plumber, glazier, painter, printer, and pictureframe maker, W atling street Watkins, John, farmer, Kinton W ellings, William, farmer, Hull pike, Brakes Winter, Mrs., farmer, Cop hall WOLLASTON, ELIZABETH, The Swan Commercial Inn, \V atling st. Lodge of the Foresters and Oddfellows LEOMINSTER. LEOMINSTER is an ancient municipal borough and market town, pleasantly situated in a fertile valley watered by the river Lugg, and the brooks Pinsley and Kenwater. It is a polling place for the northern division of the county, and the borough and county council elections; is the head of a poor-law union of 27 parishes, county court district, and petty sessional division ; and is an important railway station on the Shrewsbury and Hereford joint line, being the junction of the Leominster and Kington, and the Leominster and Bromyard railways; the latter line being completed as far as Steen's Bridge, and opened in 1884. It has since been acquired by the G.W.R. It is distant 157 miles \-V.N.W. of London, 12i N. of Hereford, rrt S. of Ludlow, 14 E. of Kington, 12 S.W. of Tenbury, 12 W.N.W. of Bromyard, 26 W.N.W. of Worcester, 24~ N.N.,V. of Ross, 26! N.W. of Ledbury, 47 S.\V. of Birmingham, 42! N.W. of Gloucester, 50 from Cheltenham, 8o from Bristol, 92 from Bath, 3R! from Shrewsbury, 97 from Liverpool, 8o from Chester, n8 from Manchester, II4 from Oxford, and 120 from Reading. The parish of Leominster, which is locally situate in the hundred of Wolphy, comprises, in addition to the borough, the four townships of Eaton, Hennor, and Stretford; Broadward, Brierley, and Wharton ; Newtown, Stagbatch, and Cholstrey; I vington, Hyde Ash, and Wintercott; the extreme length of the parish being upwards of seven miles. The area is 8,796 statute acres; the parish is divided into two parts, viz., the borough proper, or ancient borough, and the out-parish ; the borough of Leominster is
494 LEOMINSTER. conterminous with the parish. A portion of the out-parish, comprising 57401 acres, chiefly in the townships of Ivington, Hyde Ash, Wintercott, and Wharton, was severed .for ecclesiastical purposes in 1844, and designated " The district Chapelry of St. John, Ivington." The following table exhibits the comparative number of houses and population ·of the municipal borough of Leominster at each of the censuses I8oi-I88I :- • . . . . No. of Houses, Period. Inhabited Total and . Population. Uninhabited . • 1801 Borough and Out-Parish ••• 687 3,019 1811 " " ... 730 3,238 1821 ., " ••• 771 3,651 1831 " " ••• 886 4,300 1841 . 965 4,916 " " ... 1851 " " ... 11 183 5,214 1861 " " ... I, 193 s,6s8 1871 ., " ... 1,329 s,863 1881 " " ... 1,361 6,044 • . . The actual population of the town, as shown by the authoritative returns of the census, attests a gradually progressive increase during the eight decades of this century. In 1881 the borough proper contained 4,939 persons, and I ,oso inhabited houses. The out-parish contained I,ros persons, and 231 inhabited houses. The following table gives official returns up to date:- . Popu- Number of Inhabited ,Acreage, lation. Municipal Voters. Houses. I 1881 1881 1889 1881 1889 1881 The Borough Proper ... 4,939 8oo 890 11261 11260 11150 . The Out-Parish ... 17105 180 187 248 7,654 • • Totals ... 6,044 980 I,077 1,261 1,5o8 8,8o4 - . . - - HISTORY. Although no trustworthy records exist in history regarding the origin of the town of Leominster, yet there are reasons to suppose thar it dates back to the third and fourth centuries. The etymology of the name has been a fertile subject of controversy, and many fantastic fables and legends have been put forward in support of different theories. It is remarkable how the most marvellous fictions spring from facts ; indeed, as an old author puts it, fact is the source the well head of the stream; fiction, the mud that defiles it. So with regard to all local legends, we are glad to make use of them, though we may be foiled in all attempts to strip them of their fictitious
LEOMINSTER. 495 garb. Still, after all, they help in giving a clue to an obscure etymology, or a doubtful site. One of the earliest legends is to the following effect : Merevald, or Merowald, or Merwald, or Merewalch, was king of Hereford, A.D. 62 5. This kingdom originally formed part of the great kingdom of Mercia, founded by Crida A.D. 584, but was separated therefrom by Ethelred in favour of his brother Merowald. Now Ethelred himself had no title to the kingdom of Mercia, but therein supplanted his nephew Kenrid, the son of Wolpher, the son of Penda. Merewald was a man of very good intentions, but it does not appear that he had the honesty to act on them. He was always lamenting that his brother Ethelred and himself should usurp that which belonged to their nephew Kenrid, but he had not the honesty to give up even that portion which he himself held. His heart constantly wavered between avarice and generosity. Merewald held his court at Llednau, now Lemster,* the principal town in his kingdom, and his mind was ill at rest ; so he left his palace one night, and wandered down to the banks of the Lug, and made as though he would have drowned himself in its waters. And he reasoned with himself: "wherefore," said he, "do I hold a kingdom that is not mine ? I will hold it no longer ; I yet will not turn out a beggar and a vagabond ! I will die, and my kingdom will pass to its rightful owner." He stood on the river bank. There was a loud rushing noise, and a huge lion came up out of Lug, and shook himself thrice, and came and stood before him. Merewald trembled with affright. Then the lion said, " .Merewald, I know thy determination, and I come to turn thy mind to better things : thy life will be short enough, so hasten not its end. Kenrid shall rule over all Mercia; but go thou and build a house for religious virgins; and build it over the brook called Oney, so that the brook may flow through the house and refresh it. Do this and thy mind shall be at peace." Then the lion returned to the river, and Merewald went home to his palace; and he arose the next morning, and called together the masons, and the builders, and the drawers of plans; and he forthwith began, and he built a nunnery over the brook Oney; and from that day the house was called Le-Oney-minster, and the town was known by the same name. When the religious house was completed, Merewald died, and his brother Mercelin succeeded to his kingdom. Mercelin died without issue, and the kingdom of Hereford was again united to the kingdom of Mercia. Ethelred, the king of JVlercia, then resigned his kingdom to his nephew, Kenrid, to whom it of right belonged, and retired to the .monastery of Bardney, of which he became abbot.t Leland and Camden make '' Llanlieni" the British name, which signifies a "Church of the nuns." Williams' Leominster Guide, r8o8, says : "The British appelation of Leominster is characteristic of its peculiar situation. Llan-llienu, or, as it ought to be spelled, Llan- * Lela.nd says that King 1\Ierewald had a. castle or palace on a hillside by the town of Lemster. "The place," he adds, "is now called Comfort castle, and there are to be seen token of ditches where buildings have been." "Comfort Castle" is a corruption of the word "Cwmfordt "-the "d.ingle Castle." t Cam den, in his " Britannia," treats this story with disdain, but it is as near an approach to the truth as most other legends in the histories. ·
LEOMINSTER. lleonau, signifies the church or town in the marshes; three principal streets in the town retaining, at this day, the name of Marsh." Mr. Williams conceives the word to be partly British and partly Saxon, Leon, or its plural, Leonau, or Lienu, meaning marshes. Giraldus Cambrensis, in his narration of a journey through this part of the country, speaks of this town under the title of '' Leonis Monasterium." According to Hill, the place derives its present appellation from its situation at the conflux of the rivers Lugg and Oney (the latter name appearing to be the original denomination of the stream now called the Pinsley); thus Lug-Oney-Minster, which he supposes to have been its former name, would be softened into Leonminster and Leominster. In Blount's MSS. the following succinct account of the origin of the present name is given: ''And since we are upon the derivation of the town's name, though it is not much to the purpose, yet I am willing to cast in my own opinion. Domesday is the most ancient and authentic record we have, and, without doubt, the survey therein contained was made by persons of great knowledge and industry. There we find this town written, 'Leofminstre' (Rex tenet Leofminstre) quasi, the Minster or Church of Leof, the usual contraction of Leofric, who was Earl of the Mercians, husband ofthe celebrated Lady Godiva, of Coventry notoriety. He was both valiant and pious, for King Canutus made him Captain-General of his forces. He founded the great monastery of Coventry, and either built, or was benefactor to the church at Leominster; so that whatever name the town went by before, it is probable, in deference to him, it was thenceforth called Leofminstre. Besides, we find· this Leofric was, in the beginning of Edward the Confessor's reign, styled only 'Comes Herefordiensium,' Earl of the Herefordshire men, and died in the thirteenth year of that king. Afterwards, as was usual in such names, the 'f' was left out, to render it more easy of pronunciation, so it became 'Leominster,' or, more vulgarly,' Lemster.'" The Rev. George Fyler Townsend, D.l)., late vicar of Leominster, in his "History of the Town and Borough of Leominster," says "The probable solution of these various accounts is this: that there was a two-fold name given to the town. It would be originally known, and is probably still known among the Welsh borderers, by the name given it in Cam den, 'Llanlieni.' But as the language of this district gradually became more prescribed and settled, and as the English element obtained greater preponderance, theW elsh name of Llanlieni would, by common consent and usage, be superseded by the English name of Leofminstre. The word thus written in the Domesday Book, prepared by the order of William the Conqueror, seems to sanction its derivation from Leofric as being the most probable origin of the present name of Leominster." In the year 98o, a great part of the town, with the nunnery erected by Merewald, was destroyed by the Danes. This invasion led to the establishment of a new religious institution, which in a few years obtained the patronage and protection ofLeofric as its benefactor. Leofric was possessed of large estates in Herefordshire. From these he amply endowed various churches and monasteries, particular 1 y those of ·wenlock, Coventry, and Leominster.
LEOMINSTER. 497 In 1055 the town appears to have been fortified, and to have taken part in the wars at that time carried on against the Welsh, after which a garrison was put here by command of King Harold. The manor of Leominster, with all its appurtenances, then valued at £666 19s. 8d. annually, was given by Henry I. to Reading Abbey, which he· had founded for the maintenance of the two hundred Benedictine monks, and the refreshment of travellers, on the site of a more ancient religious establishment. In consequence of this grant, the Priory of Leominster became subordinate to the Abbots of Reading ; and the town itself was governed by officers who held their places under their charter, and were chosen or approved by them, or by the Prior of Leominster. The principal officers were an upper and under bailiff, who appear to have been assisted by a common council, formed of the principal burgesses. Henry II. granted the town its first annual fair in I 1 70 ; two additional fairs were granted by Edward I., each of six days' continuance. During the reign of John the town suffered much by the incursions of William de Braos, Lord of Brecknock and Abergavenny, a man of violent disposition, who, about the year 1210~ in the absence of the troops from this town, burst into it with great impetuosity, took possession of its extensive works and the inhabitants, and plundered and burnt the priory, together with great part of the beautiful church, and reduced the town to a heap of ruins. It was afterwards rebuilt, but suffered many subsequent misfortunes during the baronial wars. The priory said to have been built by Merewald over the Oney, a little to the north-east of the church, one of the richest of its kind in England, having larger revenues than many abbeys, was greatly despoiled by Owen Glendower; for, after defeating Edmund Lord Mortimer, near Eardisland, and taking that nobleman prisoner, he made himself master of Leominster, imprisoned Mortimer in the monk's dungeon, some of the walls of which are ~till standing in Church street, then plundered and stript the church of its richest ornaments, and laid the priory under very heavy contributions. The unhappy reign of Henry VI. was remarkable for the bitter contests between the rival houses of York and Lancaster, known in history as the Wars of the Roses. One of the most important and deCisive battles was fought at Mortimer's Cross, near Leominster, on February 2nd, Candlemas day, 1461, between the forces of Edward Mortimer, Earl of March, afterwards Edward IV., on the side of York, and those of Henry VI. on the side of Lancaster. The contest lasted from nine in the. morning till sunset, the Lancastrian army being entirely routed, four thousand good men and true being left dead and dying on the field. Owen Tudor, great grandfather of Henry VIII., and many Welsh chiefs and Englishmen of distinction, were taken prisoners, some being executed at Leominster, others at Hereford. The year 1539 saw one John Glover the last prior of Leominster; and the manor belonging to the priory, with its appendages, was transferred to the Crown; its courts were abolished, and the inhabitants subjected to the control of the Lords Marchers. Shortly after this event the inhabitants of Leominster, in large numbers, supported the
LEOMINSTER. interest of the Princess Mary against those of the Lady Jane Grey, and effectively defeated the Protestant party, who had taken possession of the old British entrenchments at Cursneh Hill, on the banks of the Pinsley, killing nearly the whole of them in open combat, and summarily executing the few who survived the contest. This blow was thought by Mary to be of such importance to her cause that she heaped individual honours and preferments on those who were instrumental in obtaining the victory, and granted to the inhabitants in general their first charter of incorporation, dated 28th March, I 55 3, by which charter the Court of Record was established, power was given to have a separate court of quarter sessions, a gaol, coroner, certain markets, annual fairs, and many other privileges; and the corporation were directed for ever to maintain a free grammar school out of the lands and hereditaments thereby granted to them, but this foundation has been carelessly lost. After the dissolution of the monasteries, Leominster, with its various manors, was held by the Crown till the time of James I., when it was granted by that sovereign to his favourite, the Duke of Buckingham, with the whole of its appendages, on condition of paying into the exchequer the yearly rent of£ 305 liS. sd. Part of this sum was probably intended to be paid over to the queen, Anne of Denmark, wife of James I., in whom Leominster, with four of its dependent manors, had been vested, as parcel of her jointure. During the interregnum, the estates which had belonged to the queen were in the possession of Henry Marten, Esq., but after the Restoration the whole appears to have been restored to the then Duke of Buckingham, the spendthrift and profligate Villiers, of whom Pope has drawn such a masterly character in his Moral Essays. This nobleman sold a very considerable part of the estates to different purchasers about the year 1662; and ten or twelve years afterwards the remainder, including the manor and borough of Leominster: was taken possession of by Major Wildman, who had been an active supporter of the Parliament during the Civil Wars, and to whom the Duke was indebted in the sum of £1,400. The Major obtained a regular conveyance of these estates in 1675; and, after the Revolution in 1688, sold several of them, and leased so many others for twenty-one years, that the proceeds of the residue scarcely amounted to £30 more than the fee-farm rent payable to the Crown. He, therefore, in 1692, sold all the remainder, including Leominster, to Lord Coningsby, who was then Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, for £3,060. It afterwards passed to the Earl of Essex, a descendant from his lordship by the female line. The manor of Leominster is now vested in John Hungerford Arkwright, Esq., J.P., D.L., of Hampton Court, High Steward of Leominster. In A.D. 16o5, James I. gave, on his accession, a renewal of the charter, which contained these words : "Whereas from that time until now the borough and town aforesaid has in a wonderful manner been growing and flourishing, as we11 in wealth as in population, and yet doth flourish : we, intending the better sale and dispersion of the fine wool produced in that neighbourhood into different parts of our kingdom, and being persuaded that the assemblage of buyers and
LEOMINSTER. 499 sellers of that commoditie there, may be a great encouragement of the woollen manufacture in this kingdom, do grant to the Bailiff, &c., to keep one other fair on the feast of Saint Bartholomew (August 24th), or, on the morrow of that day." The wool of Leominster was, in the time of J ames I., at the height of its fame. Camden, in his "Britannia, 17 vol. i., page 690, thus speaks of it : " The greatest name and fame that it bath this day, is of the wooll in the territories round about it. Lemster Ore, they call it, which, setting aside that of Apulia and Tarentum, all Europe counteth it to be the very best." It affords, also, a fruitful source of allusion to the poets. Drayton speaks thus rapturously of it :- "Where lives the man so dull, on Britain's farthest shore, To whom did never sound the name of Lemster Ore ? " The year 1610 gave birth to a contagious disorder at Hereford, and during its continuance the summer assizes were held in this town. One cause then decided here, shows the severity of the religious statutes then in force. This was the case of the Rev. Father Roger Cadwallador, a Roman Catholic priest, a native of Stretton-Sugwas, near Hereford, who, for "being ordained beyond sea," was cruelly condemned and brutally executed and quartered, his head being placed at the Town Hall, and his four quarters set up on different sides of the town, viz., Lug Bridge, South street, Bargates, and Etnam street. Father Cadwallador suffered August 27th, I 610. "As soon as the head was cut off, one of the sheriff's men lifted it up on the point of a halbert, expecting the applause of the people, who made no sign that the fact was pleasing to them. Nay, they that were present were struck at the sight, and said 'this Priest's behaviour and death will give great confirmation to all the Papists of Herefordshire,' which saying fell out to be true, for it ministered to them great courage and comfort." During the Civil wars that raged with such desolating fury between King Charles I. and the Parliament, the inhabitants of Leominster adhered to the royal cause, and their efforts to support it obtained the distinguished merit of extorting from their Parliamentarian opponents the honourable appellation of Malignants. The town being destitute of fortifications, and commanded on all sides by eminences, was incapable of making any resistance to artillery ; and therefore in the year 1643, Sir William Wailer, the Parliamentary general, took possession of it, after a smart skirmish, and finding it a post of consequence, as well as on account of its population and opulence, as of its communication with \Vales, placed in it a strong garrison of troops commanded by the famous Colonel John Birch, who, from his original profession of a pack-horse carrier, rose by his military talents to the rank of a field officer, and was very instrumental in subduing this district to the Parliament. In order to keep the town in subjection, and the inhabitants in awe, he erected a battery of cannon in the churchyard, traces of the trenches being still apparent, which effectually destroyed the two covered ways that led from Broad street and the Priory to the Church, the painted glass windows of which were at the same time demolished by the Cromwellian warriors, and other considerable injury was done to the interior of the sacred
soo LEOMINSTER. fabric, by the plunder of its valuable contents, and the mutilation of its few remaining curious monuments. The town remained in the hands of the Parliamentarians until the year 1645, when King Charles, having compelled the Scots to raise the siege of Hereford, marched towards Leominster, which, on his near approach, was hastily deserted by its Parliamentary guests. GovERNMENT, ETc. The borough of Leominster returned two representatives to Parliament from the year 1297, temp. Edward I., but this privilege was superseded by the "Representation of the People Act, r867," which reduced the members to one. The borough now forms part of the northern division of the county, and is represented in parliament by Major Rankin, of Bryngwyn. The first royal charter of incorporation, granted by Queen Mary, constituting a bailiff and twenty-four capital burgesses the governing body of the borough, has received from various successive sovereigns renewals and confirmations, with the grant of additional privileges. By the Municipal Reform Act, passed in 1835, the government of the borough was vested in a corporation, consisting of a mayor (in lieu of the former bailiff), four aldermen, and twelve councillors, with a town clerk, treasurer, and the usual auxiliary officers. In 1879, the borough was divided into two wards for municipal purposes; the north or borough ward, and the south or out-parish ward; one alderman and three councillors being allotted to the latter, and three aldermen and nine councillors to the former. The aldermen are elected for six years, and three borough and one out-parish councillors have to seek re-election yearly. In 1889, another division into wards was made in accordance with the requirements of the Local Government Act, the wards being in this case the eastern electoral division, comprising part ofthe borough proper with the townships ofBroadward, Brierley and Wharton, Hennor and Stretford, and portions of Ivington, Newtown and Ryelands, on the east side of the boundary line; and the western electoral division, comprising the remaining portion of the borough proper with the townships of Cholstrey and Stagbatch, Upper Hyde, Wintercott, and portions of Ivington, Newtown and Ryelands on the west side of the boundary line. The mayor is by virtue of his office, a justice for two years. The number of magistrates is not limited, as many justices as are appointed by the Crown being entitled to act. The magistrates meet in the Town Hall every Thursday morning at eleven o'clock, for the transaction of ordinary business, but minor cases are adjudicated upon during the week at the offices of the magistrates' clerk in Corn square. The control of the police is now in the hands of the joint committee of the county council, Supt. Strangward and two sergeants with six constables, constifuting the borough portion of the force. The county justices for Leominster petty sessional division meet at the· County Police station, Burgess street, every alternate Friday at twelve o'clock. This town is included in circuit 27 of the county court. The Leominster county court has jurisdiction in bankruptcy, and attached to it are the county court districts of Bishop's Castle, Kington, Knighton, Ludlow, and Presteigne. The" Public Health Act," 1872, is now in operation in the
LEOMINSTER. sor borough of Leominster, and the council of the borough is the "Urban Sanitary Authority." Leominster is one of a few boroughs in which the town council and urban sanitary authority, or local board, act independently, although the members of the town council constitute the sanitary authority. On the death of the present clerk to the urban sanitary authority, his duties will devolve upon the town clerk, and there will be an amalgamation of the existing dual system of government and officials. The council, acting as the local board, has expended upwards of £13,000 in perfecting a system of water supply and drainage, the town being drained with pipes, from 6 inches to 16 inches in diameter, to one main brick sewer forming the outlet. Since then, owing to the number of new houses built along the Hereford road, it was found necessary to extend the sewerage in that direction, and to propose considerable alterations in the main sewers in South street, Etnam street, and Worcester road; accordingly, Mr. John W. B. Rooke, the borough surveyor, was instructed in 1889 to draw up plans and prepare an estimate of the cost. This was done, and application having been made by the urban sanitary authority to the local government board for sanction to borrow £2,ooo, the estimated cost of the alterations, a commissioner was sent to Leominster to make necessary enquiries. The commissioner's report was, to the effect, that the local government board hesitated to sanction the scheme unless a system of sewage purification was adopted. At present the sewage, largely diluted with water, is allowed to empty itself into the Arrow near its confluence with the Lugg. The town water is not pumped or abstracted from any river or stream, but is obtained from a well which has been sunk within the borough 7 feet 6 inches in diameter and 6o feet deep, and a bore hole about 110 feet farther. The town is situated on the old red sandstone formation, and slightly above the valley of the river Lugg. The strata passed through were the surfacesoil, consisting of about 6 feet of compact and nearly impervious red clay; a bed of river gravel a few inches thick, forming the water-bed of the valley, on a level with, and no doubt communicating with, the river itself 200 yards distant; and below this, red and blue marl, with occasional lumps of sandstone rock for the remainder of the distance. No considerable supply of water was found below the gravel stratum, but that which found its way into the well through the fissures in the lower marl was of a remarkably soft character. A collecting drain was therefore made in the gravel for I so yards in a direction away from the river. The quantity of water was found to be ample in the very dry season I869-7o, but during the last ten years the supply has fallen off, and although an additional supply has been obtained, it has been found necessary to turn the water off at the mains during the night. The quality is uniform, and is always clear and bright, requiring no :filtration. The water is pumped direct from the well into the supply reservoir, which is about 140 feet above the well and three-fourths of a mile distant in a direct line, and it passes fro:QJ. thence into the mains for distribution. The pumping station is at the well ; there are two high-pressure engines of a nominal power of I 2 horses each. The annual cost of pumping, including labour, fuel, and materials, is
soz LEOMINSTER. about £230. About 1 1024 houses are now supplied for domestic purposes very little for trade purposes. The quantity of water pumped is about I 30,000 gallons per day for all purposes. The water is supplied direct from the mains without cisterns. The water was .analysed by Dr. Letheby of London in the month of January, 1874, .and the following is a copy of his analysis:- Carbonate of lime ... Carbonate of magnesia Sulphate of lime ... Sulphate of magnesia Chloride of sodium .. . Organic matter · .. . Silica . . . . .. Earthy nitrates ... ••• • •• ... ••• ••• ... • • ... ... • •• ••• ••• ... ... • • • ... Total solids per gallon grains Grains per Gallon. ... 16·6o •.• 0'45 . . . 3' 53 . .. I.S I .. . 2"64 ... . .. ... ••• 0'12 o·ss 0 ·35 2 5"75 Degrees of hardness before boiling .. . . .. 2o·o Degrees of hardness after boiling ... ... s·r Another analysis made in 1890, shewed that the water had not materially changed in character, the total solids per gallon being 27·20 grains; hardness before boiling, 18·8 ; hardness after boiling, 3·5. These results are exceedingly satisfactory, and prove that the water is in every respect well suited for a town. A further supply is being sought for. A remarkable improvement in the health of the borough has taken place since the introduction of a system of drainage and .a supply of good water in 1869, as the following figures prove:- DEATHS IN LEOMINSTER BoROUGH, PER 1 1000. 1861-5 I 866-70 187r-s r876-8o 188r-s ... ... ... ... • • • Without Union. 24"05 20'68 1 9"79 18"97 14"28 ... ... ... ... ... With Union. 27'2 24'4 22"8 23'7 17'2 The average death rate may be placed at 16 per rooo. . The rateable value of the municipal borough is £28,997, the mcome of borough from the borough rate being £487 ; from tolls, £I82; and from rents, £s6. The total income of the municipal borough is £r,oJo. The rateable value of the urban sanitary authority is the same as the municipal borough. The total income is borough £2,745, and .out-parish £91 r. The expenditure of the borough is £2,42o, and the out-parish £853· MARKETS, FAIRs, TRADE, RAILWAYS ETc. On June 28th, 1853, the royal assent was given to an "Act for the establishment or improvement and regulation of markets and fairs in the borough of Leominster, &c.," whereby many important privileges were conferred. "The first stone of the new market house was laid by the mayor, on
LEOMINSTER. September 7th, I 8 54· The premises afford ample accommodation for the storage and sale of commodities of every description. The market day is Friday, but there is a fortnightly cattle sale every other Monday. The sheep and pig market is in Rainbow street. Fairs are held on February 13th, Tuesday after Mid-Lent Sunday, May 2nd, second Friday in June, July 1oth, August 4th, September 4th, Monday before third Wednesday in October, November 8th, and a market on the first Friday after December IJth, called "the great market before Christmas." The borough of Leominster was never, in the whole course of its history, in a more flourishing condition than at the present time. The number of purchasers in its general markets has greatly increased in late years, owing to the facilities offered by the Great Western and London & North Western railways for the transportation of home produce, in the shape of butter, eggs, fruit, and poultry, to the various large centres of industry. During the last ten years there has been a remarkable increase of trade in Herefordshire cattle, the growing demand for that favourite breed in. America and other parts of the world, for breeding purposes, having stimulated the local farmers in and near Leominster, "the home of the Herefords," to apply their talents and industry in a direction that has proved most remunerative. The branch lines to Kington and New Radnor, as well as to Presteign, have also encouraged trade; and when the Great Western railway company have carried out their agreement with the shareholders of the Leominster and Bromyard railway to complete the line from Steen's Bridge to Bromyard, trade will be still further augmented by the opening out of a direct communication with Worcester and London, which cannot but prove advantageous to the hop and fruit growers of Leominster and its immediate vicinity. A commodious railway station, with extensive yards and premises for the storage of goods and the exportation of merchandise and produce from the neighbourhood, is erected immediately adjoining the town. There are three rivers running through Leominster (the Lugg, Pinsley, and Kenwater) besides the river Arrow and other streams in the immediate vicinity. There are man ctures of any importance, which is to be regretted, owing to t e facility of water power ; but the town is situated in the midst of a most luxuriant and fertile district, abounding with orchards, hop grounds, and fruitful valleys; producing large quantities of corn, timber, wool, bark, cider, and other inland produce. There are, however, a few trades carried on, such as the manufacture of agricultural implements and machines; brewing; the tanning and dressing of leather; woolstapling; malting; brick-making; several corn mills, 1 &c. The building trade is also well represented. There are two banking establishments, viz., a branch ofthe National Provincial Bank of England, Lim., in Broad street, and a branch of Lloyd's Banking Company, Lim. The Savings Bank was erected in 1857, and is one of the oldest and most substantial trustee savings banks in England. The general aspect of the town indicates prosperity and improvement.;<. It is clean and neat in appearance, well-paved, and lighted with gas. Some of the streets are spacious; the shops are large and modern, and
LEOMINSTER. give evidence of spirited commercial enterprise, and many of the houses display architectural features of no mean order; there are, also, some fine specimens of timber-framed houses, with ornamental brackets, heads, gable boards, &c. A new street, named Victoria street, was opened in I 885, leading from High street to Corn square, giving additional access to the latter, and to the railway station, as well as providing an outlet for the congested traffic in the former. The principal hotels are the Royal Oak, a first-class family, commercial, and posting establishment, and the Talbot, an old-established, comfortable, well-conducted inn. There are numerous markethouses, where extensive trades are done on market and fair-days. Punuc BUILDINGS, INSTITUTIONS, ETC. The Town Hall is a commodious structure of brick, erected in 1855, in a mixed style of Italian architecture, having door and window dressings, pilasters, cornices, &c., of Bath and Grinsel stone, with a frontage of nearly so feet, and about 160 feet in length. In the front are the main entrance gates and two side arched entrances, the latter leading to the council and magistrates' apartments, &c., the former to the market. On entering through the gates, there are four shops on each side, and at the end of the corridor is the market, a building I25 feet long, upwards of 40 feet wide, and 23 feet high, conveniently fitted up with stalls, stand~ ings, and similar arrangements, and packing-rooms, back and side entrances, and other places of convenience adjoining; the whole being covered with a corrttgated galvanized iron roof, supported on two rows of light iron columns, with side lights along the whole length of the building, and having ten circular ventilators in the roof. There is a spacious room on the first floor, which is used for the county court, for public meetings, for the weekly petty sessions, and for other purposes of general interest, and adjoining is the council chamber, a handsome room, 45 feet long, 30 feet wide, and 20 feet high, in which is a half-length portrait of Sir Charles Hanbury Williams, Bart., K.B., M.P. for Leominster in 17 54, and framed originals of two of the ancient charters granted to the borough. Over the roof rises a lofty cupola and clock turret, in which is fixed a handsome clock, having four dials, visible from all parts of the town, and a bell for summoning the fire brigade, the whole being surmounted by a vane, &c. The Royal arms, carved in wood, and picked out in heraldic colours, which were set up on the old Town hall at the period of the Restoration, are placed in the front of the turret. Underneath the building are spacious cellars, capable of stowing away large quantities of produce and merchandise. The building was erected under the superintendence of Mr. James Cranston, of Birmingham, at a cost of nearly £ 3,ooo ; Mr. Joseph Poulton, of Leominster, having contracted for the erection of the building (exclusive of the ironwork), and Mr. J. E. Hodgkin, of Suffolk Works, Birmingham, having taken the ironwork at a cost of nearly £900. · The Corn Exchange, situate on the west side of Corn square, is a substantial building in a mixed style of architecture, with brick front and Bath stone copings, and some well carved emblematical devices of wheat-ears and sheaves. The hall, containing an area of 2,8oo
LEOMINSTER. square feet, has a roof of glass, and is well provided with desks for the use of the merchants who frequent this market; when arranged for public meetings, it will accommodate soo persons. On the north and south sides of the building are commodious offices, with rooms above, in the occupation respectively of Messrs. Alfred & Dearman Edwards, and Mr. Henry F. Russell, auctioneers, and Messrs. E . . H. Davies & Co., coal agents and railway carrier contractors. The building was opened June 9th, 1859· The whole cost, with site and compensation to tenants amounted to about £4,000. It is the property of the Corn Exchange Company, Limited. It is available for lectures, balls, entertainments, &c., and is let at a reasonable charge. The County and Borough Police Station, situate in Burgess street, was erected upon the site of the old theatre, but a new Police court and magistrates' retiring room was erected immediately adjoining the old building, in 1883. The old Borough Gaol, situate in New street, now disused, was erected in 1750. The Fire Engine House is also in New street, and a good engine is always in readiness. The Engine house contains a curious relic of bygone days, and which was formerly kept in the Norman nave of the church, viz., a ducking-stool, one of the few perfect specimens still left in this country : the latest recorded example of its use in England occurred in Leominster in 1809. The Gas Works, situate in Upper Marsh, were erected in 1836 by Messrs. Stears & Co., of Stroud, at a cost of £2,987, and have since been considerably enlarged. They are the property of the Leominster Gas and Coke Company, Limited. The price of gas has been reduced to 3s. 9d. per I,ooo feet; the original charge was 12s. 6d. per I,ooo feet. Alderman Stallard is chairman of the company, and Mr. Alderman Southall the managing director. The company obtained a provisional order in 1873, under which they are bound to supply 14-candle gas at a price not exceeding ss. Iod. per I ,ooo feet. The average illuminating power is over 16-candle power. The Orphan Homes, in Ryelands road, were established in 1873 for the reception of destitute boys and girls, who have lost both parents by death. The institution is entirely supported by annual subscriptions and donations. Orphans under ten years of age are received from any place (in order of application), upon approval of the managers, without any sectarian distinction, and are cared for and educated until they are capable of taking situations. The religious and moral culture of the children receives careful consideration. There are at present two cottage homes, each containing about 20 children and superintended by a matron. The printing establishment in Broad street, called the Orphans' Printing Press, belongs to the Orphan Homes and is carried on for their benefit. The boys in the Homes, who wish it, are apprenticed to the business and thoroughly taught general and commercial printing. The ancient Priory has passed through many vicissitudes since the Dissolution. At one time it was a county gaol, it was subsequently rented by the corporation, and in the year 1718, was fitted up for the social festivities of the local civic rulers. In 18 3 7, it was sold to 2 B
so6 LEOMINSTER. ·the Guardians of the poor for £745 1 and has since formed part of the Workhouse buildings. The chapel of the Forbury, ( Chapelle in le Forbury ), was erected by John Peckham, Archbishop of Canterbury, A.D. 1292, It was for some time used for divine worship, but is conjectured at a later period to have been part of the endowed School house. The chapel ·was used for divine service during the rebuilding of the parish church after the disastrous fire, A. D. I 700. John Price, in his history of Leominster, published 1795, says : "The old School house, which was erected for the worship of God, and within this century made use of for the parish church, during the time the church was rebuilding, has been appropriated to very different uses, that of a play-house, or for exhibiting any other kind of shows, also as a place of conviviality for an electioneering party, where the greatest profusion of provisions was wasted, and scenes of rioting and drunken .. ness, almost daily exhibited for a considerable period of time. 0 tempora, 0 mores ! " The building was purchased by the late Thomas Sale, Esq., town clerk, in 186r, who converted it into offices. NoTABILIA. The old Town hall, or Butter Cross, erected in 1633, -is deservedly preserved as a most interesting reminiscence of the ancient town of Leominster. The original designer of this fabric was John Abel, a noted architect of his day, who built the Town hall at Hereford, and several other market-houses in this and adjoining counties. It was a wooden structure, supported by twelve oak pillars of the Ionic order, with massiv:e beams, quaint carvings, curious semiproverbial and semi-religious mottoes in Latin and English, and having spacious rooms over for the transaction of public business. This beautiful example of Elizabethan timber-work is without doubt one of the most interesting buildings of the kind in the kingdom. It originally stood in the centre of the town, at the junction of the four main thoroughfares of High street, Broad street, Church street, and Burgess street. It was found to incommode the traffic, and was sold by public auction in 1853, for the sum of £95· The late John Arkwright, Esq., re-erected it on the east side of the Grange, and converted it into a handsome dwelling-house, retaining all the characteristics of its ancient style of architecture. The Grange, once a fortified or entrenched camp, is a pleasant and attractive promenade, planted with flower-beds and shrubberies, and is quite an ornament to the town. Its walks afford excellent views of the surrounding scenery, and its sward for the practice of cricket and lawn tennis. It is the property of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and is rented by a committee of gentlemen, and supported by public subscriptions and x:_ents obtained from the cricket, lawn tennis, and other clubs. There is a subscription news-room in Corn square; and, by a vote of the ratepayers, taken in 1889, aided by the generosity of the · Member for North Herefordshire, Major Rankin, a free library and reading-:room have been decided upon. The Conservative and Liberal Associations have committee rooms in the town. · PLACES OF WoRSHIP. The venerable Priory church ofLeominster (SS. Peter and Paul), formerly two separate churches the church
LEOMINSTER. of the monks, and the church of the parish is a spacious edifice, abounding with fine specimens of Late Norman and Early English architecture. The length of the church is 125 feet, the breadth 124 feet, and the height 52 feet. In the year 1863 it was proposed to effect a thorough restoration of the whole edifice, both internally and externally ; and in order to carry this out, a committee was appointed, who consulted the late Sir George Gilbert Scott, R.A., the noted ecclesiastical architect, who shortly afterwards made a careful survey and report of the whole structure. The committee determined to proceed with the work in sections, and commenced with the Norman nave and aisle in the month of May, 1864, and this first section was completed and opened for divine worship June 30th, 1866, at a total cost of restoration of £3,012. The Norman nave, a part of the ancient church of the monks, is considered one of the finest specimens of Late Norman architecture in the kingdom, and contains several curious pillars of great girth supporting round arches. The doorway at the north-west end of the church, which is ornamented with pillars and receding arched mouldings, is extremely beautiful. After the Dissolution, the Norman nave went into disuse as regards worship, and subsequently became a place of interment only; by the gradual accumulation of soil thrown out from the vaults, the floor was raised to some height up the shafts of the Norman columns, entirely burying the bases. This floor had to be lowered to the depth in some places of a yard, the arches of the vaults lowered, and the whole covered with a layer of concrete of a foot in thickness, by an order of Her Majesty in Council. This floor is covered with Godwin's encaustic tiles. The old lean-to roof has been entirely taken off, and a roof, mostly new, of a moderate pitch substituted, surmounted at the eastern end by a parapet and cross, covered entirely with new lead, and finished internally as a level framed and panelled timber ceiling. This is decorated in colours. The side walls of the nave, above the clerestory windows, have been raised so as to exhibit the heads of the windows. The arcade on the south side of the nave has been opened, the bases, shafts, and capitals of the massive columns carefully restored, and the ravages caused by the fire in I 699 made good, this part of the masonry being the heaviest in the section. The north arcade has been similarly restored. The roof of the north aisle has been strengthened and repaired, covered with asphalted felt, and re-tiled, and the ancient timbers, which vary in each bay, have been carefully preserved. The two Early English triplet windows in the north aisle (constructed partly of timber and partly of stone) have been repaired, as also the stone mullions and heads of the quintuplet adjoining. The whole interior has been denuded of its coats of whitewash, scraped, cleaned, and pointed in white mortar, and all the dressings of the windows, arches. triforium, &c., which were mutilated or decayed, have been restored and pointed in cement. During the removal of the many coats of whitewash on the walls immediately above the baptistry door, a curiqusly painted circle, or'' wheel of time," in Saxon characters, was exposed to view. A vestry has been arranged at the N.E. angle of the nave and aisle, which is entered by an old
soB LEOMINSTER. Norman doorway hitherto blocked up. The southern side has been described by an eminent architect to be one of the noblest examples of the "Decorated" architecture in existence. It includes the porch and a row of five windows of almost unequalled splendour. The sedilia and piscina formerly in the chapel of the Blessed Virgin, and other objects of interest to the antiquary, yet remain. On the west is a large and stately front, with a noble central window in the Perpendicular style, and a smaller one of a later period, richly decorated with a profusion of ball flowers. The middle compartment of the central window is filled in with Munich glass representing Christ the Good Shepherd, Christ at Gethsemane, and the Conversion of St. Paul. In the baptistry is a stained glass window, representing the baptism of Christ This window is the gift of the present vicar in commemoration of the fiftieth year of his ministry, and the twenty-ninth of his incumbency of the parish. At the north-west corner is a massive tower, built in the Perpendicular style within the Norman portion of the fabric, and exhibiting externally, at the upper half, decorated windows, with em battled parapet and pinnacles; whilst the lower half comprises the round-headed Norman window and the western doorway below it. In the tower is a good peal of eight bells, to which is attached a fine set of chimes which play every four hours. The tower is, unfortunately, in so dilapidated a condition as to be dangerous, and a large and influential committee has been appointed for carrying out its complete restoration at an estimated cost of £r,2oo. The centre one of the five noble south windows has been recently restored (leaving one still awaiting the generous restorer's hand), and is filled with stained glass, contributed by Miss Elrington, a resident of the borough, as a memorial window to her late father and sister. The subject of the window is the Adoration of the Magi. A fine oak screen has also been erected in the south nave in commemoration of the Queen's Jubilee, at the joint expense of the vicar (the Rev. A. G. Edouart, M.A.) and Mr. Charles Edwards, the contractor for the restoration of the parish church. The sum of £ro,887 has been altogether expended in the restoration of the church. The ancient churchyard is noted for its beautiful avenue of trees, as well as for its curious and ancient monuments ; among others, one to the memory of the gTandfather and grandmother of the celebrated Mrs. Siddons and Mr. Kemble calls for special attention. The parish registers commence with the year 1549; they are missing from r6o4 to 1669. The living is in the diocese and archdeaconry of Hereford and rural deanery of Leominster; it is a discharged vicarage, endowed by private benefaction, and augmented by Queen Anne's bounty; value, £3001 with residence and 3~ acres of glebe ; p.atron, the Lord Chancellor; vicar, Rev. Augustin Gaspard Edouart, M.A., ].P. (Lancashire), of St. John's College, Cambridge, who was instituted in 1862, and is also a surrogate for the diocese. The two parishes of Stoke Prior cum Dock low and I vington have been formed out of the old parish of Leominster, the presentations to which are still continued to the vicar. The first of these was formed into a separate parish about the middle of the last century, and the township oflvington was made a separate parish by Order in Councils dated January 31st, 1844.
LEOMINSTER. The Congregational (or Independe1zt) Chapel, in Burgess street, was erected on the site of an old chapel dating back for 200 years. The chapel was opened for service in I 867. It is a brick building, with frees tone dressings, in the Decorated style of Gothic architecture. A tower with spire rises on the north-west angle to a height of nearly So feet, and forms a prominent object from all parts of the town. The total cost of the building was about £1,600. The Wesleyan Chapel, also in Burgess street, was erected in 1861 near the site of a former· structure. It has accommodation for 300 persons. The total cost of building (including site) was about £1 ,ooo. There is a mission room and Sunday school in Rainbow street. The Morav£an Chapel, in South street, was erected in 1759. The schools, which adjoin the chapel, were almost entirely rebuilt in 1874 at a cost of about £250. They are built of red-brick with Bath stone facings. The F1·£ends' Meet-ing House, in South street, is a plain building of red brick. The Baptist Chapel, in Etnam street, was erected in 1771, and further restored in 1857 and I 884. There is a burial-ground attached. The Pr£m£tz"ve Methodist Chapel, in Green lane, was erected in 1873 near the site of a former building. It is built of red brick with Bath stone dressings, and cost about £soo. The Plymouth Brethren meet at the Waterloo House, at the bottom of Broad street, where they have a large room for public worship, with a number of smaller rooms, furnished for the accommodation of the brethren from a distance who attend the various conferences. St. Ethelberfs Roman Catholic Church, Bargates, of which the Rev. Athanasius Rogers is priest, is a handsome Gothic structure in the Perpendicular style, designed by Messrs. Pugin & Pugin, of London. The building, which cost over £2,300, is of Godsall stone, with dressings of Bromsgrove stone. It consists of entrance porch, nave, sanctuary, side chapel, and sacristy. It is lit by twelve windows filled with tinted glass. The south window has four lights with richly traceried head ; the finely carved label beneath bearing the words "Ad Majorem De£ glon·am." The high altar, designed by Mr. Peter Paul Pugin, is of Runcorn stone. The reredos contains statues of the Blessed Virgin Mary with the Divine· Infant, and of St. Joseph. They are the work of Mr. A. B. Wall, of Cheltenham, and Mayer & Co., of Munich. The porch is of oak and glass. The church has accommodation for 200 persons, and all the seats are free. The cost of the church itself was defrayed by Mrs. Herbert, of Buckfield, who also gave the land. The side-chapel was erected by public subscription as a memorial to the Venerable Roger Cadwallador, who was executed for conscience sake, at Leominster, in 1610. ScHooLs AND CHARITIES. For many years an old-established middle-class school existed at the S.E. corner of the Grange, having, in its day, given more or less satisfaction to the tradesmen and farmers of the town and neighbourhood. Some two or three years since, Miss Davis having closed the servants' home in Corn square, Mr. Lees, the principal of the Grange school, took the premises, and, having fitted up a large school-room with suitable class-rooms, changed the old name of the school to that of" The Grange College."
510 LEOMINSTER. Mr. Lees, with the help of Mr. Rankin, M.P., Mr. C. D. Andrews, and other gentlemen, had, for seven years, carried on Science and Art classes in Church street, in connection with the South Kensington Science and Art Department. Seeing the advantages of combination in one establishment, these classes were removed to the Grange College, where an expensive and complete laboratory had been erected. With the best teachers procurable in each subject, it is no wonder that the classes have proved so successful, and that at the examina~ tions so many passes have been secured. The National Schools were opened August 1oth, 1858. They were erected from the designs of Thomas Nicholson, Esq., F.I.B.A., of Hereford, at a cost of £z,ooo. They form a pretty pile of stone buildings near the church, and consist of a master's house, and three capacious and separate apartments for boys, girls, and infants. The average daily attendance during 1889 was 377· The ancient grammar school, founded prior to the Reformation, formed the subject of litigation between the charity commissioners and the mayor and corporation of Leominster about thirty years ago, but the suit was withdrawn. The corporation increased their payment to £25 annually, and, with the sanction of the Court of Chancery, the old foundation having ceased to exist, attached the stipend to the national schools for ever. The Brzfi'sh Schools for boys, girls, and infants, is a neat brick building situate in the Bargates. It was erected in 1861 at a cost of about .£5oo, and an additional wing was attached in 1889. The average daily attendance in 1889 was 265. Nearly opposite the British school are the Almshouses founded by Mrs. Rester Clarke, A.D. 1736, for four poor widows. The houses were rebuilt in 1874 from the designs of Mr. Haddon, of Hereford, at a cost of about £soo ; they are of white brick with Bath stone facings. In the centre of the building there is a ludicrous-looking figure of a man in a cocked hat, holding an axe in his hand, with these lines beneath:- "He that gives away all before he is dead, Let 'em take this Hatchet and knock him on ye head." The principal benefaction belonging to the borough is Cornwall's Charity, amounting to £450 invested in consols, the interest being distributed to poor women in sums of 4s. 6d. and 2s. each, by the trustees, on Christmas and New Year's eves. The other charities are chiefly distributed in bread. TowNSHIPs, ETc. The ecclesiastical parish of IVINGTON comprises the chief part of the township of Ivington, Hyde Ash, Wintercott, and Wharton, and consists of the western portion of the parish of Leominster, being bounded on the north by Kingsland, on the north-west by Monkland, on the west by Stretford and Birley, on the south by Hope-under-Dinmore, on the south-east by the river Lugg, and on the east by the remaining part of the parish of Leominster. A church, dedicated to St. Yohn, was erected in 1842, mainly through the exertions and contributions of Robert Lane, Esq., of the R yelands, Mrs. Lane, and of their friends. It underwent some repairs
LEOMINSTER. 5II in 1868, at a cost of £30. The east window is filled with stained glass to the memory of Mrs. Ann Lane, who died November 2nd,. I 8 51. There is also a memorial window in the south aisle to Mrs. Juliana Bloomfield, daughter of the above, who died November nth, r86o. The living is a vicarage endowed by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners with £Ioo yearly (without residence or glebe), but it has been augmented at various dates since I875 : sums amounting to £285 having been added, making the living of a nominal value of £385 ; patron, the vicar ofLeominster, who presented the living to his curate, the Rev. Robert Horton, and who was instituted, St. Michael's day, 1889. An addition was made to the churchyard, in I889. Ivington is distant about 2 miles S.W. ofLeominster. Broadward, Brierley, and Wharton comprise a township in the out-parish of Leominster. Brierley is distant about 2 miles S .. of Leominster. On Brierley hills, about 3 miles S. of Leominster, is Ivington Camp, the outlines of which are very distinguishable. The site is reputed to have been one of the Druidical sacred places of worship, but it was probably occupied, alternately, by the British and Roman armies, during the retreat of the hordes under Caractacus before the conquering legions commanded by Ostorius Scapula. Some antiquarians believe it to have been one of the fortified camps held by the Romans, in their series of defences against the ancient Britons, extending from the Severn to Chester. Wharton is distant about 2 miles from Leominster, on the Hereford road. The Ford bridge station on the Shrewsbury and Hereford railway is in this township, being divided from Ford parish by the river Lug g. N ewtown, Stag batch, and Cholstrey form a township in Leominster parish. According to tradition, Cholstrey was formerly a Roman camp or colony, and traces of an old Roman road are to be found extending from Cholstrey, through Stagbatch, in the direction of Ivington camp and the old Watling street. It is distant about two miles W. of Leominster. Eaton, Hennor, and Stretford likewise form a township of Leominster. Eaton is distant about I mile S.E. of the town, and was formerly the seat of the Hackluyts, of whom Waiter de Hackluyt was high sheriff of this county during the first four years of Edward II. The illustrious Adam de Eaton, who was raised to the dignity of a cardinal for his great learning, was a native of this township. He died at Rome, A.D. 1397. SEATS IN THE VICINITY. Among the seats of the nobility and gentry in the neighbourhood of Leominster are Shobdon Court, the handsome mansion of the Right Hon. Lord Bateman (Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the county); Berr£ngton Hall, the seat of the Right Hon. Lord Rodney; Hampton Court, John Hungerford Arkwright, Esq., M.A., J.P., D.L.,; Croft Castle, Rev. William Trevelyan Kevill Davies, J.P. ; Puddlesfo1z Court, Anthony Benn, Esq., ].P.; BU1·ton Court, John Clowes, Esq., J.P., D.L.; Street Court, Benjamin Lawrence Sanders, Esq., LL.B., J .P., D.L. ; Broxwood Court, Lieut.-Col. Richard Snead Cox, ].P., D.L.; The Rye!ands (in the parish of Leominster, about I mile S.W. of the town), Miss Wood; Hennor House (also in the parish of Leominster and on the borders ofKimbolton), Major Charles Benjamin Stevenson,