Berger. Rene - Mutatia semnelor

liir;rL cii ltrttlttr;rlit;rii itt'r'r,iIni .r,lrorl ri isirrrn de la in ii,irrnrrl cvrrnirrrc:rlLrlui rrilrr,r iir,ml sir schimbc.
i;lcir1irrl, d<: u,tuuri r':t'telilirtttu.lc: irr clrlr'. rlacii rrtr irrll sIJtlnc, isio|itr ornului 5i care u.rrna. sti si,rtisllacir,
irr Angliii, probl()rlril rrrir s;i so g^i:;cirrr:ii o r(fgi,i.r irr oricc t:,i\,/,, rrn,ir,1 rlirr,tr.c r:clc rlai vec[ri visc,
urlevi:ra.Lr1, inconju lairi rit' () ruili'o iigululie ilt' ,jrrrnalcic ciizuser;i t.l.e acold itsupri_r .acesLui gcn t{c
plincipi, rlrreri, jurle,clIoli si lo{i cr: trnifonnelc l;i *tqillhi11.r1lyi"-1;i1r1colonr:lecrxrtIar.tiilio:r,r.,lilnIxaigr"cn(.[.e.)lt.r..cCousrnnroNnaeuil(,,i1NoIrik9ci
irccesolii[r: irir...'l-oatir cur'Iea {iin,cl ircolo. in coslrr-
tlralia s1p1eccr!ilgcooll,ilir'"norrnrloab[ il(ilzoiltui ill)espl{o.ccia. lp,;setn, Irrl'rtrrr'cri],''l
utare 5i Ilru:z pr.rlclrr sii-j interescze pc sutcle rle nrili-
oiurc rle spcclaIofi ur1]lind iirdir,aIiile sevrlc r]ar
cle .N,-irfolli. Acr:s! pursona,i, r'r'r-rrnrlnbil, r'olbr.slt

{lu riliiidr';o desilt'r: iucsIcsuguI siru cltr rtralr.r qantlrt'- olici,ale dc la Nr\S,,\, care stripul,lur ca ei s;i pirsl.rczc

la,rr. <[e n'rarc irnp;'eser r(go!.'l irr zlror rrn caFflcIor ser,io:i. dcrrln de scopui si-ru. (lrr-
N-nr f i It-rir;zu si"l so l'en-ti.ri'(:r) acr:sto pasaic rllt:ii
clo rr-al lcflocll. pc rkr o prrltc" spilitui gi t,orrrri Ir:ri'rarea ormrlui 'pe irrrr;i. ll sfii.;itui aceritei prirrre
c;rr'o s{-} r'clevii 'irr 'loatir p}'csAl "') itr lre tlc aJl;r. ..(...) [rnpresia gernelalh
trutsionnareu pr:. ctLle r.ls u se producc srrl.r oclrli
rro5lli qi Ia cllr sc ltfeli"r lol, r'rrlrn ('e;lnt srrl,rliriial. ornisiuni dc o jurnirtatc dr: ori a fos,t exceir:nIij.
Ncil. 14iftc ii lluzz, {ru giiut sI-1i .ioace rolu[.
lritir de ri ci u ccrernoirio lrrovr,ninil tlin trad'i1io So'iozil.at.ca liLrner.ii in slccnii :l fosl respeciatii.
;i Iondaii"r pc r'r) ansarnltlrr dc valori 1;l caro sirll \4ikr: Coliins nc-a ficut, si-i vr';,:!linr nl\/il. asa {:ul}l
oliligali sir ptltir:ipc toli trti supuii incorontir,li. nirlcni n-o liicrise inaint,e,a lui.
Si apoi arn a\rllI gi noi un spcctacol.. [,ovitL.tra
rtr:r'ine uil mtu'e specl;ti'ol. rrn s/rortt. Ceeii c.r: s-al c.l,asicd, a efectelor iruponilcraLrili,t,ltii
inlelcgc plor-r1 {in iiarlcl il pittnr rnii dt specli}- $i acolo. echipa,iul dr' 1te ,\poll o 1-1 clar clriar
t.oli pliviletiiali calc ilr;islir la ce:'crrionic, rtrar ce'er clrfrclucctrrriacl,cmr-ailcntoiriuile--in{ascuilis,tasl.aeiat cu
in a gtiut sli

ce .qc cxpl!ci ;iliinr.lrr-se i':i l:r accasl-a pir;r'iici1-ra. rrlrritor (...). care Errzz qi-n
rlLrpI citnr r-iprrnc.l :rr't,icollr!. ..o auclient,ir inviziltilr'i
jos avca ccvl

cr';rluatii la vreo srrlii drt nriIio,irne rle te{especLal.o.l'i $i arri viizul iii noi l):inrlnlrrl. Piirrrinlrrl Nostlrr"
tlin intrcaga lrrnrc". $i ar {i glegit si sn ciear}ir c;I
ileciL;a lcplc:lirrli t,rrIcnsirrLea celor rle {a1h. l)c Iitt sltr r:tucttl rl.e rtt.trnt ittctlo t:!asir:. rlllr lrrlrlcarr-r:r
:rlil rlc fr.rrrrros." llt
1''r1it, t:eremonia lir calc asiritii curlen ;i invital,ii il,, r\r Ii nerji.cg.tt sir sril,idol rle occslc cortrcnlnlii
{)n{)nro 1a casielrrl clin {laor:lriir'\'on se lranslorrnir siirr sii-l acuziirr) pc ziarisl. rlc clczin'.'o1[ur.ii. [llr
iri slrcciarol pe'nLnr telelrllectill,oL'ii llle. in sa[on.
I;Lur:itirric sau allurd,eva" prirrcsc la rr..ricrrl cci',rrrr. rr:.flerrtir mclanror.[{)za ('iilc se opcrcazli in qi pr:in
tut,usstnt:tlia. Tr..lcljzirrrrr.'lr irnplicii o paltir:ipar.c tJr
lin'it,r1ii tle onoalc pirrIioipi {izic Ei spilitual lir illr Jloru gen {:ili'c Il{ille in;'lt,irtr ltllrn et:artintettlu!
strtectctct.ti,ari.zei (,Lt {.rfit\t nc scllirlltir scitla vlrlorici
rclc:rtoric. Pcntrrr sutcle tle rrrilioiiut: de tclespct:Ia-
loli rlirr inllcaga lrrnrc. iii tlin c:rt'c mrriii n-arr irlcc
ricsplc llrrdiiia cnglozri. irr'''r.:;titurr prinIrrlrri rli, ;i 1tc cerr a conlportafirenle]oi,. ,,Cci llci astlonatrli
rrcoperiii de corr{ttti. }Iai nrult clc ilouir rnilioarc
\\iirlls c" piisl,rirr,tl propor'1iiIc. o ltrodrtctie !cler,'1-
;olri. r'a rtrllarrsruisia ct'lor'2.4 olc clc la l-e, N'larrs. rIc nclvvor']iczi" aploaltt: rrn sfert din popu,lalie, au

;r lilru'i1lriri ponlificirl<r. siur ;r .jocirlilol olinrJrilc. irclanlat l.oalir ziua c]c ieri pc cosmonaufii clin
,'\ltolLo i 1 in cur.sul unoi nrilrrli piti,itzi,
+) r\nrr;tl.irLrr lrlr. [,c ;\lottrl.e- rirrrrl ililtlc zilrrcl,r cclt. 'i'ir,licr'", in tirrrpul cirreia se sllrnca'll crr ,,llara(la
pnmn,ul

rrai soriolsu. Si lr-irrrr irvcrr rlcirir si nc lilp{)rtiirn l:r.irrrnir- irorrl'ctli pe c,aprrl t roilor, zilei.

il:le rle r;cttzlrlic siLn lrr rnri,la:zirtc]o tlc rtr:tt'c lirl.i perrlltr a f,)ralrrl a r'li:rlljbuit J l-r0 de {,{r$rrri de hirLic in
j$tlr.r:;r rlinrtrrrrilr;rilc c:iirlrorrlinlrrc lir ltilorrli[c silrrlrte ilr lorurilo s{.r'lLt,'gice pclrll'rr crr
i;cca'i;"i ..ror.,islii rlc rrr:rle slrerl;rl'o1'' i'irrr1 il i)il1il1 'r.iililir'(' ?0,; ..rriirrriiiir" si rrLr lipserslii. Sr.:tfii"teclrr toatc hir-

?0Q

liilr:, ,jrn'n,rlele. llroqrrrilc ('.rre cirdenrr in tt-rinii, t'Lr aceeagi ['actulir cu per.cep[ia. Livr.incl corrlirrurl
o plcfci'in!ii s1-lccialii pcntlu vcr'hirrl irnrrar lelt:- univorsul in im,agini la ilorniciliu, nrass-rnediu nu
rre saturir l.olu;;i. Susceptibil de a prinde toate
l'onit:. forrnele, dc a lisptrncle tutulor clo,ringclor, irna-
ghrcet se reluzd atingerii, scirpi'ncl sirnlului prin care
,,[n ziua rlrrniioi.rle *'I'riuririului. rnirturirto,rii
Irr:irrr, in general, cunoll.ioIir clc o]riecte, de uoi
t'r'nj.ucazii t:iurtitatt:a pcie,cclor tlc ]rirtie crrlcsc, cct'li

t'c rlt'rrriLa fclLrl spcciaI cle nrirsirale rr poptrlaritirlii in;ine, clc realit,ateil noastlir fizic:i. '['e]e','iziuncn irr
troulrri srtrr a t,r'oilo'r'zilci.,\ccastir irlcrc rIc a tin-
lr'rli irirtiile lirsllindiltr po tos('ir lrninlc tle crrlor'i rni:rregto si ntai mulL palticiplrca senzoliali.
.lriurnflrrl- lui l.irrrlbe'r'g, rlc arhrce
Ir'avclsitt'r'rt llc uncle ;i f,aplill cl rrintirte pennattent, o artrtrnitti
rlrrpir ttci,oie dc a pi1ttii oltiec:!ele.
r\llant,icrrlui : (\r'nu irlrrnr'i (:irrll ll'c() ii nrilioanc rlc
[)cr]so.ane irr ,\clr' \'olk pcrrlrrr a-l aclitn'rt pi $i nevtiia tr ctr atil rirai sgrsilrilit ctt cil. llro-
1750 de tone tlr: Jrii'l ir. inrlrrstlialir ircIion,eazi-r in acelasi sens cu
duciia
n'tctsstttediu. (lec;r ct'. l:r prirna r-crlele apale dr:-a
l)ar lccolrlrrl ii,apariile astrolraulului,lohrr
(iienn. pcntm ('ill'o rle\\r-\rorkezii arr rispindit, in drept'uI partrrLrrll. Strpi'r'tttagazine ;i rnugazinc gcrrr
loue rle pertcrce de hirtie pc !osea." rle pr.oclusc. (,rrm sir sl)llncln aiunci cI ele ni sc
ll){ci2" :i47/t de s-a i.lsLituit un riou gest...Obieol sustlag. i\[,ai <legrabri ar.Irr.bui sI se rro,rbeascir
dcvine o dresliune dc rutini"r'' rie o co,rrstriugt'rt. l)e lir1,tt. t:onstringerea e rnull
(lu acens[a il trlsnc;tc pe Apollo 1ii, in

;rI cri lctuinlicrli,Ii'u\plgoclm[ol ruui puIirr prrternici-r rlocii s-irr.credc. Pr,odusc in
pinir
l; aprilic 1970 : .,...penlru antericani gi rest.ul seric:, olticclele valoreazi--r mrri puJin prin sillgu-

lrrr-nii, r,apir[ l-illrzaLd de aver]Lula spaliali gi trezigi lari,tatca Ior dct:iI pr.i,n frrnclic. N{ai nrult. condigiilc
pielcii sint, irr a5a l'el incit rxistenIa lo.r.este po
lcpcrlc ln con;rLiinIa prirnejcliilor a'ccsleia, a in- ciI cle cl'crrrelii, pe irtil ckt insla.lri,lii. Pentr.u a ]c
{r{'plrl. ur) intclrrrinalliI susl)ens... gi cilr:e, dintr'-o
rlalir, r'eaclurrlizt'iizir into't-'srrl inlregii lrrtni..." etc. accel(]r'a t'irculal.ia. obsolesctrrr!a lc solt,e5l.e inrbl-
.l)al t'irre-;i tlir olu'c scanlil rlc sclrirnl.rartl it tlinirii plcnlittur'{r. r:iurl rrrr sirrl, pur ;i simplu
rlatrtnato iir lada rlt corr-
\'lalc Sarrrlrclar ;i olclorraiot' al cet'cnrtlt'titti de gtrnoi rlupir folosirr:.
irrvcstilrrr'ir t plirrlLrlrri do \\'arlcs, cltrcele tlc Nor'[oili i\fai
rlr:r'lrrll"r: ..ljrr rru l)ru)ciu('. cu lcpt'o,tluc; sillcinlr r,rsistirni alroi ;i la all l'enorlen publicitar : obiectele
lncit (, sir l'0cotrstit,ui istoIia". F iirir ,a-ti tla sr:ama trec ;i ltublicitatea rdntine. Mu;ltiplicintl inLlun:r
t'ii irr caIilnic rlc ..irrrpresal regal" c reg;izonrI unei
srrperpror-lrrclii pr:ntnr ;500 clc rrri,lioane tie [e]c- nralcljal r,rl.rieclcle. ;tlotluc[ia rle ruasl sfir;eqtc pri,n
spcci.lrtoli. (lc sir tttri i sptttrertt apoi desp,1'g plii- lu nc lega doral clc irrraginea rnirrcii.
pastiir (rrir'(' s{' clt'r'lzii itrlrr: irlr:crr pc c:re ;i-o
face drrcclr' dlsple rrtisittrrt'l sir ..tlc a lr:consliltti liormiclabilrrl proces tle I'olclorizaxr la carc
isl.crliit" ;i reu!itolt'rt re..istei rle tttilre sltL't'laco! asisl,irrir rr o inc:cr'cArc ilc rerrrcrlicr.c a scr-rtirncntrr-
r,n r'r' rtre lor' ,'
Itri cle flustrar.c. Coana dupir ..o}iectrrl autelrlic".
Or'" rlrrilri plofirrr.rirrrcrr ilccstlri llris sc ritiisoitt'i
rrzi 1i riil'icrrllatca rrolrsllri rle intelt'gert'. sritt. r','-i rlupri.,obiectul pipiiibi[" so desfir5oarr"r in torrlc
nrai grar', rIifitrir lta,icir noAS[]'i-l rlc rr [i. $tloriac-anulll,tiirlten.acil)eninnrfrton-irlmoaaal{ri'coc1i (rl';le)i('vuiscl:orrrItcsixnrrprenfcrruineiolnurlinart,lcrerleucll)erapcsalrirt"'lr(-.]
sc-nl.ilne;tc in ci"rutar:ea di,n ct: in cc nrai ardentir it
Securizsreo prin folclor ontichitd[iLor / Odi,nioatii expusc do,a,r, in oraie, dc
lnfullr:r1ia rlc tttlsir il. ilrlrl)unF {} plltir'ii,ll'c ('ilrc.
trlicil. dc ..rllarluriizlilii" :rr' prrlcrr l'i. rrrr-i totrrri tlr, 202 obit:ei in ca,r-tierele r.cchi, iatir-lc acunl tle-a lungul

rnalilol arr [osl.rirzi pi-rr lo,curile t,uristice. $i totul
se l)cIrece ca ;i cuur cal'casa unui fotoliu. pi,atra

dcsplc carc sc pteIinde c-,ar.plo\reni dintr-rrrr ca-

203 pitcl roman. r)rilsil gararrlalir, stil ,.bimpirr"'. ar

avea puterea cle a ne restiiui co:nsis,tenla timpului, rrnr.lt t'tc-;rtt'r duce, ne esle asigrir,lil -* sl)un to,ale,
de a ne face piplibii ceea ce rln circulalia acceie- prospr:clcle spectacolul de
ral[ a irn.aginilol Ei a semnei'or nu inceteazir sii i-larrs, rnuzicd,
lcaosgtuinrcnleui;iLgurtunrirouirai cf caslclololriirr:rt:a.cAticrni
ne scape. Ilar antichitlgile se epuizeazi. $i penlr,u putr_.a j'nsir r:,irntrli
oa aceasta sI
nu se-ntirnple, obi'ec'tele auLenticc, qi rhiar binui cir
<lansurile,"autentice" nu nrai sinL altceva decit
in afara prelului, sint inlocuiLe prirr obiecte fai- ,orilr rrlcrc" ; am P]ntca apoi acuz'a c,hiar ..siiptlmirrrt
moase cle epocl, ele insele apoi inlocuite prirr
antichitlli {icuie din tot felul de buc5{i. E deaIi{el nrill'o" siill un otir.o{,{.u.o ",rorlcgitr tlc 1lcniterr1i.",
nevoia rr,oastrif cle a atinge ceea ce, penlru il cii n-;lr nlai {i riecil
(tatirnilc chiar', lnij lolce rle lr
lat:c si cur,gir devizelc... irntrtortant c insii irn lrrcru :
remedia o r]rare iruslrare, nu czitlm sd pr.onror'hrrr cons,[alarcit c[ depl,as,arca rapi,ilii produce aoela;i
la rangul de antichitale, adicir toomai obiectn] pt:
el'cct al irealizirii ca infolrrra!iu acccleraLS. Pi:rstr;intl
care Lehnologitr nroclerni il inistur5 : se face dcja ploporlia, clansrrrilc folclorice vizute pe li,ngir
conter! cu rofi cle car, cu qulubtrri cle Leasctrli ;i.
nu-i de rnirare irici cind se ved,e un felinar tlt: l{il,l,on siru 'la Clubrrl rnctlitcr,aneln ,&u acelagi rol
r;irnJ.rdlic po oare-l rro. pc,lingir lolcvizorrrI in
vint allturi de o lanLcr.ni venefia,nir. Arncninlrrii r,Lr lori, cuflml rustjc.
de irea,iizarca plogrcsivir pe care-o 1:rlo,duce asuprrl
noastrri schirnbarea acccleraill, rre prindern de 1ot in nr,utalia pe cal.{r o lll:iirrr, {:olclonrl exerrci'tii o
ccoa ce ,ar prr,Lca sir Ire pilsl.reze trun Lr,ecu sesi- IrrrrcIiu rcgularizatoalc. !irrrrr,lsi rl in oliicciur.ile secrr-
zabii. Lingula ti,e lernl qi loconrotiva cu aburi intrii lul'c;i zvi\,liqi in viit.or ca un pr.oi,crrlil, sjo:lrr\la
amindouil in nruzeu. Inr.esl,ind o,biec,tcle cu o cali- noasIrii lr rr cskl pr.ca cle oscLriLri do cea a cosr-l1o-
late r)lonurltt:tt.t.ald, ni le lricern rncmorabilc i nre-
noria de {rl'e rc r{ispenseazii cJc, ne lcagri insii nautilor., oaro, sus,Llrali glar-iLi1ii. s"ar <.]isl,ocll, tl:rci

fizrc dc tlaJiqie. caLlina lc;r nr.r le-ar ai';igur.a t:r'r'a rlirr atrnoslclir
lurniliar,ii. $i inl.ir-ne r:ii ilcrrrrr. in pliriir rrvoitrrrii
('xplrac'usni cnlinobIoielcclttenlo'iir.,'tic,altl.reearulreinpcLirepfeuctcl rtcleasedrnenaar.euitr: cosrnicir, lrunr:a igi lrrlcur,r.ii'uzii r.abi,rra. l)cjrr sc
profileazi ;i stafirrrrile or,J.;iiait,r...

riabiliza lrnnca. Cuiia r:alc se piaseazi alituri de Sri nu ccdirnr insi rlnLic!1.ia!ici, tru rriil rnli rrurll
postul de televiziiirrc, conjureazii, prin masa ci, clr ciI conrl.lariiIia e aprlrxiinu.Lir.ii. iiolt:lorizillca ille
rlrcpI dfLeuraclieasiingr-uelsal,imr.oaatcar.niaLrulugi,tiosr,lmoLbricoclitcetrcercielr]cui-l
pt'in gre,ut,at,e, opacitale sau pri,n s,clipirea slrr,dd a terea

lcrnnului siu, Iiirnul apari6iilor care se der'.uleazir intre Jurnea care se-ncle,pilrt,eazir ;i p:r:odigiosul me"
rliu de masii care s: elaboleazir. Or. clinlr:nsirurcn
pc rnicui ccran fIrI a IIsa nici o urmd . .,Ilea.litiyit
t'eal,e" pr: care o aprhu.l.ent gi o stingent i se opune
l'olcloricti nu sc confurrtlit nr uir c,rniincni. pierdtrt.;
tnerlitLl inr:onjurtitat' pe care-l ett.ingent qi.n core nr:
{)r-r esl,e ca in,srigi sr.lpu:ilir IraiantcnIu]rii llc masir 1tc
rni:;t:dtt't,. Opozilie sau raporI conrplerrrenl.ar ? Za- \'crlern insi'r alilrr Iolclol
ralr:-l s,u;:oltI senrncle.
rlalnirr se-rrtindc irrforura,lia pc-ntreagra planel.ri ;i
clriar clinco,lo ckr ca. p.'nti'u cir noi tot r:irninenr lrr r:i'neua 9i llir:','iziunc" irit dL,rrliiir,l ..pipirirn" ryi ltr
luti.ic:rr., irr inl.r:r.iolul r,asci
noastrc s.au in crrrsul
lcga1i rle losiia ,,-ic. corpu[. calnca 5i singclc no,s,tru. voiii.iolor'. la fel iri calaclcr.rrl au,l.errtic pc cau,r:-l
c$ei linllnr:iacgi crrineriazsoLrJicrr[,cairrinpsl,.ur.lu,emaedntcuvl ecnei] mai unrjl. r'rrlrl.lirn, r,czulli nllli pLrfin r.iin co,ni.aclu] nosl.r,n
un,.ai,de- ,'u,anumi[,e obicotc cil. riintr'-o tn.untild, irlee. de
nrclnoire", o niaqinifl pentr,lr a adLrna la un loc crr
t,til.e tt[,ic (sair o .an.uniilir irlag'ine) ca],e nc cst,c dal;i
irnaginilc unui trec,rrt ircal gi i,r-naginile ireale ak, tlc rnzr.s.s-nzeiJia. jtiscirnr inqir
prczenlului, adicir tocmai ceea ce o ncccsal pentnr tiinlrc r'is,cui'i -- 5i acest..ii e rrrruj
si np alasir-lt rnai rlruil. de cec;r
ir nc asiglira faptele ii g,e.sturi,le. ,-{ir-n za,dar face ct: nc cslc rIcsernnl.Ll. t]r'cii e lc cr.ti1 ,r:{) nc-al)l l)u [.eil
?05 rroi llc;",r." .. \irlonticrrl'' r' rrrrlrn'n{nl rlr' a ['i inlocrril
nsli't'l tulisrrr,ul o atrlr: eorisrrrnalic dc folclor. Or;- 2A1

p(rsIe tot crr ..tipit:". \reloarea oliier:telor tlepinde pr'islr?nd lrroporliilc, telcr,i:'tiunea. t'adiorrl ;i presn
rnai pu Iir de o]riectcle insele cit rle speci{icar:ea
lor tiatoritir irloducliei info,rmaliei gi r:onsuttrultri nu pjrea sint n:rLrlt i[coscJrirto de aviot'r.
tle rnasir. IJrrcirIirria ,,tipicI", cas,telul ,.Lipic", dan-
srrlile ",Lipicc" sinl toa[e efectiv ,,tipizaLe" de glrid. $i o;rrc r) u sc ptlnc acutrt llro,lrlcrrtl introbii'r'ii
gi as,tfel obiectui pe care asrrpra inforrnraqiei de masii, ir piindirii tlarrs{'olrnii-
lr'ospccl gi publicitate ; lilol in clrrs, [l sr:otocirii noilor rnol]trli tlc irrle-
rrrerlcnnr irr sl'ii';it cri-l votrr atingr'. ni se sttslrage 1t:gcrc ;i,n se'sizririi faptclol ct' tte' scrtpri 1) ilellt'c1itl
in ji,rc,ul ogl|l,zilo,r' sernrelor. i,, cr:lc ditr rtllttit. rru rtiai tr asigtrratii cle propi'iile-i lrrrlizr:: ca tlc-
r'slfcl $i invcs,tilura pri,nlu,lui dc \\'a'lcs c.tt'tttrti lrrrie si si li5te.
pulin o ccremonie lel.eviza[d cil un show desern-

naI ar]unle ca ,,tipic" de televjziune. llecupcrarea

L.r'ecut,ului o o r:ecuperare tle ordin secundar ; fol-
clonll e susceptibii de codificare I dealtfel, se ;i

r'odificI se na;tc insir aiunci sL'rania blmricrli cI
irrr.rilinrintul intr:eg s-ar putea indrepla atlnci ;i

el spre liolclor.,.

Reolitqteo monipulotd

irrcledcre,a in $tiinii, in transmiterea $tiinlci. irr
riisl ribuirea iclarhizatir a $,tiin!ei, ii descoperir trcp-
la[. ciu'ao[ertrl nilic. Cunttaqtel'o'a nlr rttai e acttrl
pnr nl gindirii, gi nici al;LiinEei. Tol.i ace5ti ter-
rncni pe r:arr: altidalii nc plircea sri-i situlm irrL,r'rtn

cc,r imuabil, rlenolir de fapt manipuliiri t,eres[re.

clrrc r-aljazir corrsitlclrabil cu sistemele Ei tehnici,ie

rle rt:.orfm'llturrniacasltifecl-intoptrdees,5a,unnaadiinot,r-teuluer.ciziriunnpec. levopirraajce-.
Nc
tici ;i in IirrIerior,tr cirlrptrlui azi ,,act,ivat" dtl
rnrrss^ntertia sc plochrc blora,je, decalule, rlistorshuti
7i de{a:ujc pc rillir ,rrr f i ncil,rept sir lc idcntiiicin-i
1;rr,r;i siilrplrr crt o proraslir frrnclio,n'rrle. Iar idco-
lrigiile ne asigut'ri t:-ar l'i sr-rficicnt, sir rest.abilint

doa,r stalca r'lc lLro'ir'r'i. Cinc ar irro'eclin[a ins:i pi-

lotarea rrnui avio'rt filosofultri sub pretexlul t:ii

accsl,a exceicr,lzi irr crinoarytcrea generuiir sau, cunr

sc obign'uiegie sir se spu,ni, irr runoaSIelca funcla-

rricntali,r ? '['alriorrl dc bolc] al rr-ra5irrilol rroastrc
plctinrlc insir 5i rr:r'izia responsabilitalilor. Iar. 206

l

I

di

CAPITOLUL 7 lin nr.r lrdeliil olriet,tiv vlrlnlril pr:nlrtr iottlcauna,
;rcesl.a estr. l,olusi I'onnulat irrl r'-ri linrllii lerrrpoliilr"r.
li voll,ia irr r'lc,!e;r{irurrelii supLrsc condil,iilor

is,l,olice. iLrclr!sc irr corri't'lilc condilionatt: tlc o atrrr'

rnitii cpor.'ri rr:rrr :ri,iIr'irr 5i ii:qit,c tlin,anrrmite situalii
conclete sarr <l inlr'-irn r,r'rrnirnernt hi'lre determinat..
latl fle cc clc t'-rpriruii into'tdcatnra adevriruI in-
lr-ulr rriurl ina'rl.cci'at. sulr un anumiL unghi. lrttn-
clrial" in l'rrnc!iu rle anurnil.e lrsti(]c,te qi rle un
tlcsiinalill prr:r-:is, ,\:;a rir perrIru a le inlelcgc Lrinc
c rrocesar si lr Iir: cuno,s'crule;i cletcrminirile".'l)
litind ute.astii :rfinua!ie. puicrn sli nc diinr sea-
De lo unicornunicqre iIl;r dr: llroclilqioarsir sclrinthalr: ire cule de a st:
lo multiconunicqre 1'rlo,lut:c. 0,r', circir'\tlcliiirrl rcligios crcccplir sr'i
fio cxiutrirral, irr l'nntrtic dc {irrrlx.r [r,nrporalii lrrle-l
S-rtr p,rrtca socoli avcltlrrros. rlaci rrrr clriar, le,n- fornrrrlcazir. irr {'irlrtie r[c concliliilc istolico irr
rlerrlios, iir r'{rcli iut lirivcgl.e Lirnba, lcr.urt,tnrrl tle ria:r'o a fosI stabilit r]o arrrirrriii o,a:ncni polrlr'u
..tuirnilrrrlare" in locul rrclui rlc Lll,tarc. Or. rln.ci iinrrinili oameri, pc .5rruril,. dncir dogn-ru irr,ri."r;i cslr:
rcalit,ateu so cunsl.ruiclle irr qi prirr rr,i,ilollr:eir, sot'ialinurLo lnzrrltatlrl rrnci condiIioniili. ce-o $i

t.lc contui-rici,ri('" inse;llnnri cri cl insli;i r-:stc o ircti, sr:-rrtir-rrple crr nraSlisb.critrl I'a,it cn,re nu are nici sr:rr:rt.
-:vi*ittt,largli.iiolritrs'rrot'oc*liia-c-lri-ir.'lcitAlrr:z;mi fri.cllrc)cltrsitrl(.,,icir.r1nlicr:narlirrniirjrtrrrr.rlirloiri,atilscrlirrcfrti-rnrltlc.lre,cltrcriuirrrto,niii
rilllc;.,;ii gi rrrror. ol.ricclive. lrl t,ijr.o.r, spr:r,ifil corr:ilri, nici pirierea, .niri alibiul invocirrii Rcvclaliei ? Cc
pertti'u I'irtr'':rlc ro,rrrrrrrilrtlc ;l {.t(:Jr;r c.r {) ['rilosesr., se va inl,iurpia crr aulo,rital.ca uroralii, politicr",r srru
lorrniri in 1':rpi,rri dc l sr. tleosolri rlr: slr,;lie;1i;r rii intelcr:tualri cal'{r pretin,de sir s'c insIi,tuit: in rtrr.nrclc
olritv.l il'tle,lil or, co;rrLr rr ii;ii.i. principiilor a cilror trau.qr-cur.lcrrtir. plclinsir. ilc{rcr)-
iarli"r salr im1'rtrsil, r'ezulLii de fapl d,i,ntr-o,rrg,anr-
zilrc sta'bili,t;i ? in lipsa ,\cler'5.rului. rlagi,sterirri
oficril'l cole-spunr.lc celci rrrai nrali plobabi)iti1i rllr
lgltil,ucli,ne. llar certi,trrdinc in r"apor[ rlr: cc.'
conTtlisldIoicl'liao,rifi,rirr:ruelilrasd;iinsiraJt,riitienr,arritinrsflloc,eriai sm[ar.illt_.iiprnlbci]e$i 'i'i'ruri;conrlcn[a c inlocuitir plin legca. ruarilr)r nu-
;i etiiriinuturiie sinl niuJl rnai strin.s asociate decit iu(rr'('. l1 {'c{ra ('c ar}r fi terrlati si"l rilsqlrrrrtkrrrr
re-arr) p'ul.el imagina. Sc poate ghici importallir rlarri lonorneuelc s'ocinlc ar arscul,[ir doar: dtr legilc
l)e cat'o o lrezef te ,o asl{eI ri,e presupune rc in iizic:c. I)ar' liniilc ilc srrc[urii (]ar'o sc virr] inlot,de'au-
uronrenItrl r'inrl nra.ss-rttail.iu sr. r'a intinde pc-sto rrr nrai birrc. nrr nr,ri ]''r,sir loc inrloiel.ii : socieIatc;r
loi pilrnintul. Dcja con!,innturilc rllr es[r.] un fcnonlor .,na[ulal"; clefinitia s,a sl
Iclr ric crr iiizalie" dcsplc carc culturale Ei fa;l- ri['lii in ll1llelc isloricc hinc riclci'nlinalc. SLrrrcIru';l
s-8 cr.r:zut. aiila irr rrlasrr si in casLc (r-lcorsc]rireir con'ieazi plea pulin
i lrliie r:ir sinI contpiiele, lasl sir li se vaclir liniilrr 1-rt'nllrr rrrriirlrrrl) i' () cr.-irtl,cntI. (l'r'litudirroa rlr,-
rltr srrdrrri. Pini rlriar qi instiiLrl,iiic care au iraver,
sil,t lir''torioase rrcacuri{e, pririncl a fi pei.rnanr:nl Jrintir: clc o $tiiri1,i-PrrIi'r'c (sarr <lc o ]:)rrlclc-Stiirr!ii I
nsi.fel I ,.Dccla,na1,iile magister.jului. chiar cln,cij siirt {'illcr o olgaliizclrzri ;i conllolrazi" Absolrr.lul Ir"ans-
rlognre in sensrrI siriot al ruvintuIrri. au nevoie r]c lcnrlcnltri . in la:,:trl Rise*it,!i sau rrl o:hiect,ivit;iIii clrr-
noi interpre'r,iiri"" declai,ii cardinajul l)oepfner, ar,-
iricpir;cop dc NIiincircn. lrr sinryroziolrriJ ca,lc reurrist, i,-lorrlll,icir t'lin socitilliIi1c norstri]. I rccc pr';n coll-

lroo su,tii cincizcr:i rlc r..1tisr:,opi ]a Coi,r.e" in 1g6f). l s!i'irrgtrrcll sociali. llc rrcc,'lr" tler:lalaliill caldiriit-
$i clrinl tlar.ri, crr lsisicrr{ii SfirrlrrJuj I)rrlr, cle cor.r- 209 I'rrlrri rlirr liiirr'lrcn i;r'rrl rr lil rlc irirDortrrrio,.'\r'irtrl
208 I
I

I

I

it

ilcfrll de a nu l)r'ili rlognra. trlc claL'ilit,ii dt: fulrt sec!ia rir. ..r:eernotttic :r irrvilrirrtinttthri" ,lr' la itr-
orice fiolrriri r[c 5t,iirr[,ti co,rrstiirri,tii 5i irrstittrli,r- stit utul rlc lcluetiili pcrlag'ogit'e al socictrilii N4a.r
rraliz,a,tir. Si {'ilir :r \-r'{ra sii r;irlcrrr iri rkrrrugog i,, Plancli" r:urn cii cvoIrr[ia sla,listic;'r ir t:heltrri'c]il'or
-- gi prisl.,r'incl clrjril tli.rcir, dr,.,si ilnlrlEi ca rezer.r,ir. rrltiorralc stalrilc;l.e cri" cltc'l[uit:'lilc cttnsat:t'atc in-
ipoleza tr,nui l)uh SfinI calc,i.rr'\'ogdrca Ia rlcsti-
I),ele soeictiIii, irrlt'eltalt'a lsupria acestei .,conrii- vriIirrrlinluitri ctrc-qc plopor'!io,nal c,rt pro,clttsul rla-
!ionili" ar Ii tol.rr$i lcgiti,urir. dacii nu lurnr.a. mai {ion.al bru,t. ira,p,t insii carc ntr a riltma,s l'ririr a
l)r'ovocia antrmite reec[ii : ideea ci air pu,tea fi trrr
tlegrabd, chri'ar o daLr,rlie ? lirpolt ciirecI inl,rr: econor]tic Ei invrilirtru';i naqte

Exominoreq condiliondrii 5igiinvdaiionariq. tleropralolil"ess'l.tie;.i atit din partea.,idc,a'li,9Li,lo'r''
pcdagogi) , ciL $i din par:tea
..neali1[ilor"' (crornelciar.r{.i, inclustria;i, politicicni).
[]eea cc sc nul]]e!r;,I.e irt rrtrt'cl lttrdric..crizi univcrr-
(lhiar reclus ln,:ea rrra.i siurplii cxlrr,csic. c-rrirrrc,rrul sitari" qi ca,r'c contintrl sii cilnl bintuie pes'te tol-.
conr'lilionirrii sor:i,lile nrrati"r cii. r:iuloaslclca. Iual.ii are legiturii cu itoeasl.,a, rtepu,tinclu-sc) n€'Sa sanr
ignora. Ar fi bine sir rilinr aten,tic asllel gi ccrce-
in a(:ceplia cea nra,i Iargir I termeriului, citr'r) tirto,r'ilior ca lIellnrut Recher, Chris'tian \\eiz:icltcr.2)
rlLrplin'de ;i noliunile de ;tiintrti. aut,ori[,ate, aclcr.iu' care igi g[sesc un ecou {iir"ir sealn[rr la trn eco-
;i itu[,c,re, plovine din ins'titutii care nu si,nl loc,uli
clet ilum'inare colectivir, ci de int'reprinderi orneneqli rromis[ de ,t,aiia lui Galb,raith : .,Eclucalorii au
al clror scop esle sI grupc'zc o,arneni dota,ti cu van,i,ta,tca clc a voi sir rnoclifice siistemul de echr-
anumite caliteqi pentru a realiza anumite obiec- ca[ie dupi irnaginea pl'e{crat,i. Poa'tc ci influenltr
tive. As,t{cl cii, dlacii ne convine s.au nu, cunoa$- Iti'r uu er negliiabili. dar dec'izia ii rlpar[inc nttiLrai
deci irn
[,erea are stalut do tntreprindere. $i nrr sirsl-eruLriLri t'conoriric. Ce,ca ce ed'trc,arlor'rtl face dupii
provinc
Lrunrai ci din autoritii!i administrative qi 1llac. e cir se pliazir conforrn r:xigenfelrir eco-
politice, drar cir r:xisIen!a gi f uncfionar.ea sa clc-
rronniei". (...).

pind der rnijlo,aceie financia,re sub formir de cledit,c ]i inlr[i] sii tlcttronstri:tnt cii trzi invrilirrninttrl
dc coinsltr\rc{ie, funcIionar,e, dezvo]tta,re, prorno- rLrl-rcriol e larg :,uLapiiri cx'igcn[clor :iislcrrtttltri

va,r,e ctc.." irlrlus t ria,l.'r')
Pentrlu a r)c ilenti,ne l,a un si,ngur aspccl sii
luirm cazul inr.irlrimintrrlni. car,.e mi.ilocul privi- intreplinclerea .!tiinlcr- PuLr:rc prrrte la tlispoz,i'
logiat, plin carc $tiinq,a-Putcre s'tabile5[e, nr.ntiut;
llicictr.anirsilrrncipiorirctlrcleclrienquelicn,vvtiafirloirr.irlient;uiluci ocmsp'o;,rtsatrrpnucsni-r tin inr.irfirmintului ins,[,runtcnltrl care-t'tst'itrtttrii ii
forlri ii prcstigirr in accla;i IinrJr. Traclilirr plirt
ca.re In'clurie ir.rIr',1cs rnsamblrrl dc faple,'.'lrlori ti

rrnei slrftrtegii care comporil-ii nurrleroase tacf,ici a *) inlrcbirrclrr-se irsupra accslci striri tlc lttcntri, lttt'
iirll,ri -uall{:rl'iirissllli.urricrolorrr:.ing,,rl:-rreeabulrielo.frirlrerdii'ts:(r'maecrttnoait.lilosrit su r-rrlii
{ri"rror expresie se aflfi in stabi]ilea prognamelor, ii prcle,linti
I'or'nrirrii pro[e.orilor. ;i in rrrod;rlitrri.iln rlr' nrnmi-
narcr. lirr sistonr cleci ,a cirrui cotrplexita,te. silvanL rlr r:olcgii trrtivtrtsiiittt: ciir oricc tcrrr.lirr[ir rcgrt:llrltili ar
inLrefirrrrt;i. nc este allroape intot,dearrna plezerr- l)i;ttl Ii cxori'izalir plirr solenltillttca <liscttrsttltri. Jiloc-
ta,tii in lunctie de conrplexi,ta,iea tl-ratr:riei d.o cu- vi'rr{oi i-rrr r-crri irrsii grctr sit tLitrtsl'ero crcrlitele crpitoltrlrri
intnivoisif,rcrucnoc[:m[ie[,p'nlreilrcx-eilfarisnleuaallit5saietcrsnapissulaclbr?ecrleiIinpsaealncete.xarIrs)ataiirlf)acccresrp:eelsoclro-, irrrirr:il,:ic rnocnnicir spre :rrtele I'lnttrritso ! 'l'tttrrli, olicii
simplit:i1ii. Fl dcrrltfcl cccl ce a,:rr.ritat bine F'rie- rlrr r i'lr'r ar li. lrt'e:i:t;i rctolic;i ric tlii o itico tlesprt
lrllllilririi". {lrr rrtarc c\rlrt:,istn prctirrtle qi clitir:1. ot'birt'n
i;r l,rrrncic rurci crrtntottii olicialc. .lolrrr litrttrctlr C,illirlritlr.
l,r ttitit.rcl l'.tnt ittdttslric/. 11it'Lt t,srrpt'lr sisloltlrlltti rri'Lrllorrlirr
;rrneliciut. Itrris. NllI', (lr.rllinr:rrcl" l1)C8. (lrl. Rililiotecn
1l;:icb ltirlcling. (,.r,r,{} coird,rrce. c!e i,.r infiinlar''-r. 21q ?.11 Siiirrlrlrrr Lirrrarrc (;r. ')44, lii(i, 31 i l.

cred,i,nle, soco,t,ite preponderente gi oare trebuicsc s-o atribu;rn prinrei copiiSrii. Ea so continui pe
transmise. \,[odel. in chrblu sens a,l l er.rnenullui : cle ca facem ttz tttunci cind
cxemplu erlilit,atol pc cle parcui'sul anilor. $i ctt semeriii, lra
iar. l,t, tlt: l)r.o!)us ponlr"rr irnitalc, avem de-a face fiille dr,agi,
o pirr'It'. aIta, sistr-.r'rr oxplicativ. r\slfel, crr
chiar qi cu animalclc : eiiui, pisic,i, cai, ;i rtr-r obi-
rtri,t:e si:stern 1i.1t1le c7i-s' tt'i'jcze propriq condiyie in ec[ele, dupi cuur o cii]\'edefte secre,ta cornplic,italc
care ne leagi ,cle rnc,l;ilc, bibelouri gi amintin'i. {)o-
sl.are cle iupt qi conteazir pe'n,[ru el doar obiectelc.
frrp,l.clc 5i rela[iilc car.e-i sint, compat,ibile i rest,ui rn,unicarea alectivir (-'ale s,e sustrage analizei ,si ptr
c Ilur,ii sinrp.lu ignorat, azvirlit. la o parir: snrr care, d'e,a,l,i{el, gi siniem prriin lenLali s-o analizrinl,
lrecrrl cu vedcrea. ,\lngerile pe care Ie lace r:ontLi-
f iortareu isaouc,ostiirtt,tr.dtlLlceup't tt.,ctarlo,natriteaatedegifaopatelitaFiteclenpeug,lil,oj.r.ir.-" chiar dacir joaci un roI plepoi]deren,t,. Accas'ltt
pentru cl aria sa e limitatti, deo,arece inslgi dcIi-
lrr.s[rrl o
rrilia ei irnplic[ candaclLILl prin ace,asl.a apar'finiud

lrili:i -rnr iluzoric. llodalitipile adevr"i'rului sa,u ale ;i inLimitcipii.
falsitr"llii sinl rnrri p,ugin,[cgale oLr notiunor,r rlr:
arlei'irl clocil, trli cxigen[,clc s,ist,ernului peltru a-i incepind dim rnonreninl cin,d in'cete'azI conl.ac-
lt;igulii {unciiorr:rlc:it. in ci;uda ordinatolrrjrii. ca,r'r'
Jrr sc llronrrnlri, sislcmrrl, cl insugi, ti,nde s;i preil lrl incepe contunicarea sintbolicd carc cstc ir-rlocuitri
irrf'onnatia pc care o irateazir drept ansarnblrr rle
infolrnal.ii. rlLrpii un dublu nrecr,r,nism: pn dc o rle la distanfri priu jn'tcrrnedi,ui mesct.ielor a ciitot'

Iransmiterc are drcpt, r:ilerct rn.{r'irea consider';r}tilir I
ariei schimburilor;i activarl:ea pl'ocesului dc so-
rializare. Se constit,uie astfel rlanlul iingvistic.
liarle. aiegcrilo, valorile gi relaliile pe cillc lc t1r,, ssrte vorlla de un progrcs linc,ar. $i ullr
stairile;tc i.lu singule cali,iateil ob!eotivitri['ii, irrr
ire tlc illta,,accasii calitate a obie,ctivitijIii g,ur.arr- r:ull1 se rrten!ine comunicarea priD oorllagiurlc in
teazir in schirnb ralabili,tatt:a sistenru,iui. J_r limitri irrtirnitaien viefii nurstre. la I'e,[ subzi:ll.ti ,si cont.u,'

insr"r. r.adiditatea li aclcviirui se confirndir: rsimir- n.ica,reu, prin gestu,ri. Si ne gin,c{inr nurtrai la roitrl
l,ola rougcit{} sir der.inii tangenlri ! Ociatri riltoi I)e cafe l-a jucat atii de nt,Lrll, 9i pentru mjlioarttl
conrlilionnlca uil,rrtii ._ s,ilru car.e
r.eLrscrilo:ii'r sc cle oarneni. salutul hi,i.lei'ist sau cel lascist. Sii ne
ginclim ia ceea cc inscanrlii in fic'ca,re mediu so,cirrl
liir:ii Lri,lalir sis.tcnrul r)chrr5eazi iu absolrrt: ,slotrcrarlnrrernglilraIcainlcvr,naigcciilrr.i,lronrc;tittbal,]t;.nt ipnlninit":i.i priin uarrf
;t,iinla lindc spr.c rrnir-ersri : plirrr.iiriil,'1i nonirt"ir
scapii !im;.rrrlrri : fol'ltralirrrnul clevinc Cclt:rlronii
vizibil ll []irlr:rii. rlo ll nrolor:ir:ii,qti jir r.c5ntirrlul
r.l);jcol,r. rrnivt:r'sitale sftll slior',tive, rounitrtri politir:e s,ittt
iirrrnclene, ,,cr:i. cn.rr: sint ittrytlicoli in ucest.r:u" stt
t{r' {n rrni{'orrn;r lilrclorrrrlui, la,,ea,r soltl',trilrri. il,t r'lrur?.Jsc; fr:lul de l rrrnbll, rlc a allorrla, rle .lt
lr It'lrrl tle rr olrlirrc o rliirlorrri. l,;r ltl r.[e;r 1t: lua un il bca, clc r se trgeza s;tu tlt' .1't
!irrr' pe picioare. vorhi, tlo.rztrltaalt.',itrd:ae
A crrnoairlr,r r'n:iii..crlrrrl iIiclln,r,t:.r''. e leva ce sernrrr: irlurrLifirir,to:rrt', lxr cltiar

nrt ctrle-rt sciuuit l.'ni,icoll,ilol I mai prrtcrni,cer dtcit r,ot'bi.rer:t .

In t ec:r cc plir-tr;r.te lirnlra lllollri'u-zisii, ..IJc l:l
ttiluoric'aazntii.pninoi,,[relaiizi]viPrsialrgi etll,cin7t:rs'a-put,8'o i:itrt'
eomurlicoreo ternporol& ; lle,rioaclii
eontdminsre, gesturi, sirnho!uri lingvistlce clli'i
ani, 1i n
i)rin r:e qi cind irr.c1.rr'(,n oar.rr.t {'}rlalir cir sirrisrrl :rpariiit e rrnrca'tr"r plin itil'tnalca fLrnc[,iei :lint]ro-
srrglcit-rlui -) l)nl cxi'rli irurirrllrt iy.nslrriir plinrcile lile satr serrriol.ice. .'\r:er,rst,l prrlrnite repre:zertl.itlt':r
Irrigrrirri. slrig;i11.p, lrlirr::rln" gcstiri" ztotnole, lni- obiecte,lor sau a elcninrcrrtt'lor inr-ri non-per{rcp-
rrrica. L) coiturrlir:ftre Tti itt t'rntlrtutinrtre tr Ii nedrept 212 iibilc evocincl'u-le pr"in inter"rnciliul sirnlro-
lulirlor sau al semneior dil'crorlierte : ca jocul sir.rr-
bolic, imitalia difeliLi, irnaginen inainiatri, clesenul

213 elc. ;i mai a,les lirnbajul insrrqi. I:rrnr:{ia simbolicir

ii 1;t'r'r;rii c. ,lc asernenea! inicligi.rrtrti :rcrrzori:rlo- canr irr Iuhrl in cartt liccltt'tl dirt st'rltirtrctttclql rtorts-
rtrotlirc clc a sc ploIungi in ginrlir:e (...i". I r'c no tlirtruisiortt nzti lttlrcclllii'lc [:otlt'olrtl'cIo;tiritilra
rtoi o contltinalo lntnti trsltr
Ji r.'olba r'.rr,l.ottlcauna, cLlrrr sLrltliliirzir l)iilgri. glrrrr[r'u rrnui
tle o consIr'uclit: carc plo0edcazii lrrri.n ,,1utr,,. t"
tirnpul ciro,ra copillul este iln poscsia,insIr,trrrren- crrloli (climcnsittnt' r'iz'Lralir), n rrntti rniros (dirnen-
o'll'aclivir). a unui g,ust (dirrrcnsiunc glrstahivi,r).
{ rrlui siru. ;t) siu rrc
clacl elertrentr:lc sinL ctt',t'ogerrt: qi unelc 5i
(iruuparaq,i,a cu cornunicrarea pli'rr girrdtn.i. cu Chiar intle cceii cc
i'ru'e s{) poalo la irervoic satisf.acc cerlula {anriliiln"r r(liri,.lcs-terlterrtlc;evnrIit-rezninuclle.ifinrgticerict,lileetianpcilccaiteil,euernscietoerncapsxp[ceioLnmrul'lrilc;uJluotttgt-ioi-]ci
srru rneclirurl lirni,ta,t. coLnunicarea lingvisticir per,- ele consLilltritl
rtriter sii se e rrrilii ltn ll{lutiu' consjtler,abil cl,' ltesa.jc
r:illc sillilial, rr5or. rnai.i distan!,c ;i chiar bar,icrele porlocala' l-l
lr:rupolalc. (,rr rrrr nunrii, Iimi,tar tlc fo'nernc, liLrrbl crlun[' vcr].r'al,
asig'Lrrl uri rruruihr irr{'iqlit cle senrnificaqii. lJescom-
punr)nd irrsii Iransni,[cr"ea in unitir1i iuultipie , e;_r lcferirrdu-sc la funclii clivc'rse, in Iinril tronstiltritl,
lur[iculc,azri g'irr,rlirea. preci.zind rnodaliti6ile cle
cle insclc. o tol,nliLrte.
(iondilion,alea internii a o'r'iciilLri slstenl irrrlllit:i
ii[,rrnltttitc]irnu"tl,carlecrgeliiann'rrtcubititun-rfoorrrarpnuieat slsieeulo:h'lcli'nasiaalIclcza.curlIlLair,ifsiolldrtmi*n*atpilalou'^shiell'sialti('-]
sclii,nrb. liIile de prog,ra,maire ;i din r:ondiiii]e frrnc(ionirlii
sfltiitrsrrli.caemkn:iurpnluelia.caNarc'eIeaaoisArtanlnu-elnt i-iqlies'-las;irun3tilnlccvbes'util'n[i,cat 'Ip.nr1oediinuccsocensllata'rl"rrtslii-iti
Sii ne arnirrLinr apoi cole;'ase func[ii de ltazii (xr anu;niLe scopuri. [,ilnba ntl stl tllitrgit'lc$[c, curtt
l)c L:alr) i ic di,stingc .Jakolrso,n :

l. lrrrrcqia ..clenot,ativ-<tognitrivir"" referen,lia!,ii

r:irrc or.iciLr[:c,nzii rrrt,sa.iul sprc con[t:xI I
errri2lr.iL[oulnqci1ci:ar.l.i'cx..pr.rizecsaivzilr"prsi'na,ut.r-eontcoxpti,vreris.aiexar,lli,rhcolttti:
l sr.r bicctrrilri tor-.nrai confinrrrtul trtrnsnris" il,tr-'.aliilsiliarlilii"ngpvliingtiiinsticr rsner'cntIleiulelagsiirrr.r:lJloailn-t.rrielopr'lo:zern'rtal ler-:il-
ii. fLr.nc!ia r:tntatio,it a.riiti pe clesli,natar ; ze.azir f i 11,i,,.'u,',1,'eo. ctttn tlbsc tvir sorirl,iog^ii. tl nci
care pretlispozilii pelrlru ac[irrnea viiloa'r'e. ..Cotttttrti,rit-
;i
colcsltrrncle gran'raticirl vocativuh.ri sarr iurlterati-
vrrlui; t:a orice t'omurti'rritt'c. tlozviilu:ic iot-
rr,l'a liugvislit:it"
4. irrnclia /ailrri cure scr'\'ef tc csont.ialmento la dclunlr Ei rtn c'ar"aotcr anticilri'rto,r (..') devains'inrl
intr-o oarecilt't: rtti-tsur:i ct'enilttcnrttrlc. $i apoi sji
..qinlrili.r'olr. lirtrlringir.tl srrrr irrlr.tlrrl'rerr.cn conrrrni,ciu.ii infornraIia I)e clt{t ne-o tlit c o infornlaIic in ilc-
Iiunc ii p.,itt",, a(][ilrne ; la oligirle rrefiincl nicicintl
si ll r.r:ri|ica,r,t'a {iu,ncIiorrir,rii cir.cui,i rrlui" ; o ".Stiinlir p{)rtlrtt ;'tiinlii". Neonortrinailirsnlul' pentttt
;1. frrrrctia tnt:luli.rL;ti'is!.ir:ti prirr clll,{} lor:rrtorii ,,,,". 611rl,nlclo sirrl. simple etitlrt'ttr. rtn-i <lc admis ;

s*' iirlrloglrcll;zir lsrrltr.lr t,orl'ulrii ;

{i. {'Lrrrt'ti,:r 1toi,!i.t:ri." ) ,; rr,t 6b-scn'i ftrzit.rtreit oat'atrltlristirli a pr:rxistrhri

l't','r"r!rt,.rorrp.i rtriliriolii,oi'lilii{i}il,iglrrl,irs,oi,,uirsrecIii:iilc. r]ra,; put,;r stallili- 5i a terolici in lirnba.j qi nici ci frrnctia prirni"r a
accstuia c'slc inIelcget'ea irr vcr.lcrcn acliunii; ha.
sulrlirrili.ea nroilrrlrri
p:rrl'i,rirzrirc''llrciiesl'au.rjucl.ri.ii.,lcl-ir"r.rrllriuarrncnrrsiro.crrilc,r,ar'zlelir",i spauur'";"icosrirnrrlilltilorr-
ruai rtrult, nir:.i fap'trrl cir lirnb:r It'c].luier privitil in

,lrllinlr r,olrrrr n:'t,:it'ii Pt.in gcstrrli. ..Dirnerrsiorrir,ilt,, funcl,ic rlc rliverscle salc tr,tilizirri".'r)
ilr r,lrt'e
cil icciilgc ronstiltri,e ltn ltou sistern r:irro *) .ltrsi' [,. .\t'ntrgtttctt. Stx:itiogie tlt: ["irtlurtnatil-'rt- lraris,
r'onj''rlrilllzii i.crrlill rr,llur,ii slrlr'. Sc l)a$to irstft:l
IJlclrcttc. l!ti7. col. tirrivcrstrl cLtttortstelii, lr'. t{l (p. ii6).
reclilu! t,u I,irt gt,isticti. l)t. rrolal cri. t,hirrr,lrtt'it t'r'ttrbir tlc o rtrtittrlit..,ntiliziuilc"
rlc clrl l,rltclt.c.\rrttLlitlcn tllr st'{r{rt}[lln(lit t:rl..frrrrcliile"
liilt,;ri'r. rlilr frrnctiiitr pe care lc rlislingt'.Ilirob" ( ilr'(r lt' rlisrirrlr' ,Iitlioltsott. Srtt'it,logrrl plltrl] ilc{iellllll
:irln (s-rrr' lrulr,:i rlislinge intr-alLfel 5i rrllele) corr- l)o Prarisrrl l)e ('irl'i) lirrgvistrrl lintlr'. rlrtr:i tttr sii-l igrrort'.
siituic o tlinrt'rtsiutrc a r,calitirIii lingr.istir:c" lrrrIiu Pr,
215 ccl ptrlirt n;l-i rritttsirlett' sft''l;t,lrlt,''
214

( )t tli. ',icl,''tt I t'r'irtri, ,l, ;'i r'()tlsi{l('t;ll si rlrtpir 216 Irrl,r'riortrl lrviottttltti
r,(:(!ll{rLriria lrri irrl,'r'rra :ri rlrril;i ('{r{rt ('{r s-ill' l)ul0il (lotrt'orcle il {.irrlprrl
nuiui ..r.1'1';1,1';;j1' (.\11't,n:r". it,i]('il irr l.:tp{}tluril('
lillile (:rr rio{';(riill(':r ('ili ('-l l'(}lorj1'r'rl('. ir rt't'r'r'itt il,tr tlr'
trlilrrrtliz;trll ;i
lirrilirlclr l!;rr-;','i:itili l;rvoi,zlir;ri un;lirl(,jl rurli,,.
Jl;rlii s; I'c(';l)r()('. .-;rrr r','l ;rrtirr. scrrlirncrrttrl {'(}ulr- l) l ('5ll I iriit c
nilirtii. Cirrrl frirnltrlrl i.i:('i' ..iuj)r'c", gcr.rrtartrrl zill
..llilunr". olielilrrl l'!r'cirlc rlrlri rrrr littral dcos+rlrit. jir:.r.s*;
l)cpar,lc rlrrci rlc ir l'i rrlrcllrrr'!ir. cc,ntrrni('ill'('ir vor'-
llrrlii,'rrrtrilrrmilc u,rr,i,tittlerii'iortice l)e r-ilre {'iec"r',' qkt,l..
lirlirii o Ii'allrrzii rlifn'il. irr {'rrnclir. tlc sislp;trtl
i,,11t'!ttiirt ll 1;t'rtr'ii, uni;l(): -' ,ll rrrxlo 5i scritirrrr';tirri
rl,' r'*rtrrrrilrrr',' llr''rrlii :ri"'rrrri ll'r'q. r'lrilr ilr' r!lr,i
ii::ili,,rtir',i ill ('u'(' 'i!, 1r'lr'i;! ri'rri ;rlcs l;r ,
voi ii,'',r' :r'r'r.,tsi ]lrrrlr,;. {lr'1r1','1;11'1.. irrselt'. rlti"u1tr'1r'
,i,' :r Ii lrrrr' ;tlrrilir, l('. r;l' 1',r;1rljl11!p ii;'lirlt'-o lrrrr,i
Itlr';ri,.ir. ilt 1iri,:.,Ltl 1':;;;,'f i1'1'lllrlt' tppllefoitre si t.''
i'1'llil1' ('rr lr-i {'(' itii irrl';'rl;,t irc('('ilr.ii lrrlill: rl,'
rrrllt' sr sciriirlrr'rrirl tli' ai'it!t,niti. tt.ultrrnli ('iu'r',1,
i)r.{}{llr('{' t'ilui rl-irtrlill'lr irii,cl;,' r.ri l tr l'ollrlrilllr 1l'ilr
ri','li.:r,;i i'r\';n{{'. l.il:rl:l sfi.sr';lr: rr;lfcl })r'ilr n l;
tln rtrtirxti t!ii iit:ii ltrntlilt rll' l:ttttttntillltt',' li tt:r'i
.rrirli\i ir,r] r'nrllrr rll lli'r'i'inli r*r sr,,lrirnbrrli. r'i
rj'rltl in';usi irr i,ir.{) .ri 1ll,in lll'o vorlritolii sinl
r'lrorrlrli sii cxisir. o r.r. l":rsiirlr, rlcci 1i rrrto'ialri si
l'izirrlor"ici :;i conli'lllurl:'i in accll;i linrp a. c(:t i)u-

Iir'i six'tit!.

!io.r'il rlr' 1','r'.,1ii1,,' i\'{}i}l'lr. l'iccit'rri iiisIg111 l'11,''-
r !:ilil sc irrli"rrr';rli' ''i rllrr l'ir1.'tril cr'i fictirlrt sis'r'n!
...,1.1y1yi111,," rrn;ri,:l1rri;r,rrrr] lrrrliir solicl:rlr,ttcltil:rl.
{l'r si lrtrat'it'r'rrl rliilllrr{irrl prtrc rr J.i apoi qi ftrrrrlrr-
rlrr.rrlrrl lirrrlrifor'. [) )ro;rilir. rllaltfel si ".clorronrici''
:ti lr,lln;('i. drrlrla!;i rrrrrlll vlcutc (r,lriar ti azi) rl,'
o ;rr;;ri I it, rr ;'. io'll;rir-',i.

.\r'r,slt ili..rilrni,.irr! ;r'r'r':rlrllt I'olrrrrrlalc plirr
iiplii'. r'ttttr ttlr.r'i'i;l i,lr'I r;l:;rrr in tttrr5critoitt't'lc s;rlr'

i t'2r,.

..1'silt,rlogir'^ r';ulr,il irnl,r'irrnlli. pl'l'lrtLrgili, ;,
:.irrri.rrlrri rizul:ri. rr irrli';rril'ir;rt ltcls;tcirlit'a ;i
irrrrrr,lrrl rlt vt'llt,r'c {'ir. /...i''

."Str,iologi'r'. pr','lrrrr.lilrir tiPogr,l l'icii rt orrirrlu i
r! l'ricrrt si irlru'i n:lllorliiicrrrrrl^ irrdll.lrialisnrlrl.

Anglia : Boeing decollnd

:;;1-.::::: : tltrlor{er: llltirlia lui ,\lexandru, lii2!1. rlctaliu

i:qsj!iait+rii ,".W"tr-

fh"f:.i*-kS#:*i?E b,:rl ,6 .t..i:...

Robert Rauchenberg,
Odalisca, 1955-1958

l

I

, ["rrti crr ttrlbal, rlctrriiu,
| 1.,. \l"rr,l". l-l ,lec, rrrl'r'i,' llrtiS

NIai 1968 : rnanifcstalie sturlcnlcasc:i lf lirgnrrt t'rl.

.,i&r$* tS**is*fu l** x* #xrcry*{-pq* Iratir citind,
.Iorr rs rle Fratrcc,
w 8 lr:u tic {9(i1).

s.q

${
*rl
3rfl"ul-e

tr

m

su
ns

ft

p
f

ll

.l

i,

pl:.

R:,

i,

Prrirlit:it:rte Citroiln

ffi
I ;,i,11*-1R""",1riil$1i fu:*{,full[f#X#i a&InfiTestrffie'* F!He lr;alti'r@"dr dedrldc@qtrqc
ai.*e
ffffi'i/fDflifwfifkfiffffiiffi ffiL| ,1:j-.l:f\fi'j:iW*J 3 }L:iWllWff;i:.f.f,ii.r3 ql$ffffiiffffiiSffiiffi*S*
. t. 0r*:a..rr'l,cnsifmt€r.r'i.dn.r, i 'J.. I l*.cf0*a r'1'^r'!&t@r @ & .0$r sirslte ds Sd{W
.1. " ..l:i lilt_'*."

ffiWffi ffi
::lig1,g1Ytt.t*t 1{. p$rlri ide:!!l*atw ffi1l-Pl'rd.2;ti,q1$ : tlsle ffi1!. frisenllalldieirrdliu**pals"
i'n:!rste.
',,,1 lr:$*i*r5st.sleidi1. Hr*fWTfi :i: da.'! r".rBai.. $rordlilqi4!€ne,ierp! t {rd

l'rg-.iri rlilr zirrrrr ffi I H

I'ribrrrtr: tlr: il;$i;i;Yiil't,ii1:i[il: f;"!ili,X'i,;i" i",11il',iii
Latrslnrrc.

27 fchrrrrrio 11)61)

,,. , fs nisi6rru*&j bIq ! ia bi ffiffi.-ffi
,,'.isl n].Ml h
L"s-deirdddsffi:-!.fr
lq ks'6id *arfineao.

I t*r'r!rd
,:;lJ:iBn{@ 'ffi

l)rrlrlicitatr: Serseg :
tr,c NIorrdc, l1) rlt'ctrttlrlir

r 968

-Tp*ffiM, P;rqirrir rlirr zinrul
'l'rilrurrc tlc Lirusanttc.
ffi*Tf,ffi'* 2zi scPturrltic l1Xil)

t,ffi'#,# ,'ji:l:$W.',.!'{i
ilil $*

,,-st ffie*nmme ck s***Hw *+}#"&s!

Uorilth : Teuplul lui Apollo, secolu.l VI ffi
-F&

&l ( Irrcs 0lrlr.rrltrrlg :
I'rr x il'orr rnoalc, 1 968
rLq.F

.lrrclisorr l)ollor*. .ir:iff:*ffi
0orrrgrozilic in
i!]tir-$Si.;S:'
a Ib-rrcgru.

\r'r:itlunt. in aplopiere
rlc Namur,

22 iurric l!)70

.tir:: ! ,\lrrrnrrtrrl". l 900
i!.i'd

if ,\uLomobil prcsat,

l 968

I lrrrninarcn lirrnnlrri
l,lillcl dc ciitlc
t itloirn, 1925

,\lig puLlicat rlc sccuriLatea rutierd, 19ti9

liscadrilir tlt' itvi,rlltLe
il tirrrltrrl cclrli
ilc:rl rloilca
rizhoi rirori,lilr'l

Ccrnini IV :
rstrorrrrrLrrl .liisrrrrl \\'lritc irr spa!iri, I{)(i.-r

Jean Dubuffet,
['Ias[ cu obiecte

qi proiectc, t96B

Equipo Cronica :
..Salrhat 71", l97l

Arlii brrrti,

J):rsc;rl-
D6sir6
XIaiso r r ncrrr-e,

Teutonrrl

N(ltc'nr'-trYrlorl)liirr:li.

l l rr lrpcni rrq

.! *.':r! '..! -1

.;.,rJ,!i!;- "q
i i 'j'r'-ii .!- ,

Qrgis *F,l?sK$s ".. slls Qrl8ts *nI?sn

(.icolut: St,grLl. lltrnzirrirlic, tlotrrliu, 11)61.1

Jcan-Pierre Zaugg; 8U $i{l*r$r*&\i
l)lajir, l)C. 8, 1908
4S, si*&uss
lii.r,pozilia
Ilxpozilil Tutankhamon : 'fu riq t i r,
Trrlarrlihlmon: vizitutorii [a.cinali
sosilca cxpolrtLclot Jr TiF{$rfr;??Iry I Pirarnida lui l(loops ,l t*rrlrl;t
,lt. mr.e,r frrt;tottttltti
I)et;aliu W&, ffiW#

'i s. ..r.!... li ..ii!:.d.

f*iuf&i '.{t*..-F'd" .f$$d#'g1aiffi"+::-t.

\lcnl : r.iziLrrrtir I);rlllrcrrorrrIrri

'l'rrri5li. r,:rr3Jczi

irr T'lacc rle lrr

( rirrlorlt'

l,rrrrzit'r' : rlosL)lr,

l1)71

Ii-rpozilic \\-ar.Lol, Nr:u. Yorli, Slable Gal]cry, 1964

nxpozigic Napolcor.r, Cranrl Palais, Paris, 1969

li-rpozitria Anuory SIrou', Ncl. yorli. lglJ



Sah-ador Dali,

ic;irrrl rlirr st:rIia rlc ntctrou BrrsLillc

I)r'irrtt'lc t'rrlri rri'
rlc tclelon publir:

Salvarlor
\rcn rrs ctr

I {):10

\Iizita papoi
irr I.srircl

inloronlrca IJrin!ulLri rlr. \\'rlc.

I ncoron nrer
prin[ului

dc Walcs :

(,ollcgirrl

Pro[csoli rlc ia Ilnivcrsitatca Calilonril

Dctnlii

Excmplu tlc mirrrit'i i{,
glolcscii: ,\rlolI
IIitlrr pronurrlind rff"ri;-lt4*;..J{-r-**0' 7*f"'{rl,-
rufu&h
rrn tliscurs, tu@
rlcccrnbrie 193!J
ffi*
I rr vad:rrca
( clroslolircieri rle le--

t'ilt'tr lt'ttltt'lc *f, ,ffi },ryfff F".Wqi;t:it :; &t{,fp."f?{ii-,;"i,i:*"re",--","*.&#-n,'I.-"r*J""r.\{;;6ry1{fl"..JTq;4;";"l.d4}#-;*;.":'-"*$*d,3""a*,&-.;rt";y}e*""'q{"};r'y,. *

g{!'nLit lr('. (lltgolv Iicll, rrrt'rl;rliirt.rtl ctr ;trtr' l:L -iiriturit il lungirnc
Jo,rLrrilc Olinlricc tlc la NJelLotLlrre, tl)ir[i
oclorrrlrlic i flilS
s *'\: *

Roy Licirtenstcin, Lliotto, Noli nre tangcre, dchliu

Soare risarc ;ffi:Afiq al Pregici Ir:rncezc (lc tutrtr.I
I I i::::ii'
dcialiu, I {l(i5
,nrsq

Pagin i rl intr-u n
zial clin Lausannc,
6 deccmbrie, f 968

dr."w-r::y..:.".: (ll;r Lrrlc l{onet.
Irnprcssion. solcil
levant, rlctaliu,

IU7:l



\rictor Vasarol;' : Vcgn lrcil, tlctrrlirr, 1970

l)irnintui virzut de pc lrrni (Clar dc terra)
Portavion amcrican participirrd la rccttper:tlta crpstrltli r\llollo Xl

7

Cratcl lunlr

l)r'r'oliu'c:r l.r'rn-Lrlui

dc 1)c lrrlri, Apollo XI

l):rris: prezentarea
rnotl:lclor Iui

Iraeo ll.rbarrc

Iorrr (lnincc:

rlrrrrsrrli indigerre

:1* :9::..t:i;:;;1 .:.. Vcnus din h{ilo, seoolul II i.e.n.

t .:ii!t'.ihtl' .L::; .:' Slirr,ta Maria cgipteanca, 1313-1.355, Ilcorrs, Eurc
\/irtutea, mormintul Xlargaretei dc Austria, 1522, Brou

u3fut W,'r,":m,:4f-ijjfrg'^i"'t"."e"', !4

,. "

Ilac,ultatea dc

mcdicinl din Paris:
dccanul Millicz
la cateilrd.

_Dcgas, l)ansatoare in repaus cu rniinile in gold
Picasso, F.lmcic cu cirrrcirl do
r:opil, 1gJO

Uldc sii te uili ?

'I

i

i,
ri
.l

:,

:

Dctalitr i , '

ffiffiffi

l'it rtsto,

l)orrrni5oaltlr" rlirr
Avigrron, 11)07

lt

I lrrir : srrl. rlr' irrrligrrri

I
rl
I
I
tl
rl
I
I
I

Noilc shlolrrr.: ( lr,rr rr uit;r Ic irr l lir rr tr'- I)r.or-crrr:c
fcrncic ritirrd

rcr-is1r..l'llL"'

Scrrpi,, rlr

I1)70

*;

r& .; v*
1 '. .'

lr

1;

!:+{
j' {

I rrrrrrlriLirIr. irr
I',lllrctrlrrtrli.r-rltjror crrr.c

I):rgirrii rlirr ziartrl

'l'ribrrrrc tle Li,tts:rtrnc

lli *i'pterrrlrlic l9(i9

:-- l$n*Ji$qffi!&*r#&ftwfftrrmdMr**p
I
,"'

i { {)(ii:}

\\'cssr'lrrriurrr. t\I:rrcle nutl arrrcriclrr,

l,rr ()lrrnl,iir ',r.ie(lirltelc Ni-rotr la lclcr-izirrnc irr timprrl clrrrp:rnici clectoriilc,

[.rt tt'rrttrtl rlrr pt I I r(;8

(.lLarr r 1,s-lil 1 si,rs

ffiw

l:r'rrrtccsco lIafft'i.
,l ud ith.
scr:r'lnl irl XVIT-lcl,

rletali u

Fotogralic artistici

Eugdne Delacroix : Wi$,'H
:"iffl.:p,
Cucerirea Constanliuopolului de cdtre cruciali in 1204, 18111
i il* (\,F
f.\\.nql

.:*i-;:{

I **,i,.j"

.ll.ffi,t-

/ ;' _., -". S,lrr.ttrr lrrirlizoi tirbloului.
: lrri I'"r'rrrrrr''r'o \lrrl'fci
I'1l)::f, 'j .lt'r'luirlr'r rlr, lllr irr l);rtttrl'slir
;
,r.tri.l s

- **.'{.7&'r

I)ulrlicilrrlc li,rrlsirt

'T QUAND-ON
1 MAN.GE

DU-BOUR- SIN
ON.MAN. OE
DU.BOUR.SIN

.",l.,:iisffisd* re?,:.

(llrrr rl-r'cs. lirrtcdlirla

'!ti'

tr[ltclnil;rtc

Copil 5i tclefon

Corrida, fotogrrrfic. Nllqinii rlc inv5!al
Pablo Picasso, 0orritla, 1937 ;i qocul lcsimlit rk:
urr copil

,* 0t-

s\

,!u$, .

$:@1*,p.:

\lrrr l.llrrsl.

l,i'r'i o:r rrr

ptrlr'1rsirrrIrr-I
pc colrilrrl

lsus irr l'ir!tr
ir trr.i nurltoi.i
\. li..1,. I,l.
ii nltislrrl,
I t)l{i

(l{'r'rrlrI Plrililipc fwfi O bicrinie la Nlilan<r
irr Prrrv lllirs
Ia 'l'. N. P, ' '', !r

ft'blrr:rr"ic. ll)54

l:rrrnk Fr:rzetta,
flucli liogcrs. L)
intilnirc rcaqteptatii
a lui But'k llogcrs.

I

{
I

i
i

{

Itrrris: gnrlrul fIrlirssis iii lct.r'agc l.rrJ.rlorrlilt' di: la c-rpozitil
,,1)oisprczcct arri rlr: rltir corrlorrpor';urii irr lrllrnIrr", nrtri. [1)72.

ffiJBsll@rr$!]#iMdtsd+6"[email protected]&eei!-.l{"pi
iM!@qs4l9;s{&&tWrMtud'd]sd*4S
&Slmk's!
isffi;#ffi
i-;i' ffif;fi.':..,r:
, ffii .
I rrir cr'.ilrrtclr
l'rrlilrrr,:.rrlr
lrrrlrlicitrilii ;i rr
olrlinrrtolilor" 1.1i.\1.,
'l'r'il,rltro tl.:
l,ttttsatlttt'.
lJ rrrrrltic I 1)70

l)irginii tlin zirrlrrl'l'rilrrrrrrr r[.: Lirrrslrrrrt..

l1) rrIr'ilic 11)7[)

Uuivcrsitalca din C c'orgctox'n : Plri[: dcsen
invilarea Iimbilor strriinc
prin metode aurliovizr.rale []lrrbul rncrlitcl'irnr)ln: inrb:rrcrrrca pentru Cythera

\1. {}t{e{M$$}**t{rf r

Pcrsonirlul nzinclor Forrl

l';rr'l'irrq : lr,l,'11111111,,.i

(iirt,tclc !:ilr rlrton)r)l)illrl :
rr .irrnritirlr" rlc lit'rrrrrrlt,,'r (,\

-..-n lrir'{t'll tle rlirsi'i. ir11'rrlrcliznlcrr ;i irrsllrtr'li;t trni-

*'dtl*p' \ i't sitlit (... i

. ,ii:#.,.".d.,t.J"i%i*, ' ..[]rrilolrriitrrtr:rr ;i cai'act(]r'ul rt,lrcl.itir' ;ll irrr-
lrrirrtatrrlrrl rru irrrlrlirnat llcirrr;telii ic[t:ca cr"r tirrrlrrrl
,..1;ig$+{ff ':Fr ;i spal,irrl si,ul carr.l itilli rt,rrlirrui ;i rrrirsur';rlri,lc".i')
r, !@+
!f- {q*- i.d Lirrrlra rr t'onslilrrit rirrrllir vlcure irpal'illa,iul ccI
rrrai 1.rer'i'cr'1ionirt. JrLrs !ir llrrnct clc corrrrrnitrl!i 1ri:n-
ffi
Iru ir lc l'cgll lctivilrrtc'a ; irzi irrsir noilc lricdlo
*T-* ('ar'(' s(! lrrrlpagir .int pr) r'llc rlr' l i)r'oclircc {)
..opr:r'alic rlc inglo,lralc''. l,'nrr'r,!i,iIr' Iirrr]rii sirrt, cir:
TffiShb-*f;*fgi irrstlc pt: r'ltie tle ir sc st'hinrlla. \'il"t'zir;i rrrotlir-
i;1,:lirle rlcr Ir'lrr..rrriIelr. tlirrrsl'olrrri tulrrLlri(:iu'trr.
'. . iitilf li::.;,

.fr"qild
,*q

iirii:ri'i*r.r

*bi

Tronsmitereq mesojelor

l} 'l'iur1, rli' rrrilr.rrii rrrlsrjt'!c s-irir !r";rnr;,rris irr lilrirul
i,rr:I1iel)loi.!rio.rllgcrtor'rlrrrn{iair"r.rrr.i'tit'ra'lrlergarriu}sllo'-[ll)rlr!rlrlnlccitnr'rrIli'rrgrr,riltrro,riil.rtr')llr',i'rrlcrrirlipscarrilnrc, irr rirz
I fi:ii::i.'
I sct:olc
I ii* 4Y caclrul
I rrrrui cirr,crrr iil irrnlris. irr[olrn:llia lin'urrla ptrtin iri
ir-'nl : costrrl s;irr litl it'irl. o lrrsesc il rniini[r: irtol-
Viitorul nostru : p'utt,r'nicilor car'c clln rslft'l srirrgrrlii in sllrrc sil o

marcca nc:rgrl ? i'rn it ii qi p,r'ir nerrst,ii.
l)upii irri-cnlirr liprrlirlrri. r'iu'c plotlrrrc plirr;r
rorrrrrrri<rale scr,ialli. nral'cir lllcs;i ('r'r,(-irzi. sJ)r.
nri.ilocul socGlulril -\1.{. prinrr lorrrrltit'!r'r, rl"
rrrasii. lf i i scr rlir!orlazii rrotorriclltt'rr <lesr',rperililor'
lehrricc, crt zboltrl lrri l,orris lli(ri'iol . rlc lrilcli. tlin
li irrlic lf)09; r'i i sc tlrloli'rrzir. iilll'()iii)(' tot. rrlil
rlc rrnrlrl ci,t qi lrio,rr it'r'ililr'. rle ll irrtr'1rtrl. rrlnilorrlcir

l'airrrii a rvirirliei.

'li.iefonul p('r'nritc l)r'ntlu irrtiirr o.alit rlt, r'itcvrr
rlerrcnii si-r sc (,()r-r\'{'r:;r'zc rlt. la tlistanIi: inlorur-
li:i. rlelritul. at'r'r'rrlclr'. {'irt l){r}'[{.' t]irr rrtr'sir.itrl ir
r':ilili rrlcclivilirlc o rrrlir-,,rrzli.'l'r,arrsririIiltl. irr
li)l?, apclrrrilt' rlislrt:r'irle irlr.'l'it.ritit'ului, rarlirlrrl
1..;111'1.rii1 i-il irlir,tlil.al cir irr*rrii ftrrto-
l)l'o\'()acir - ..o crrrrsirlt:r'aliili turril ie irr intt'cr;tg;r

ttttrrtttl

Irrnlr,". ]',aclioul 5i lclcfr,nnrl sint aslfcl la oligi,ncrr,
nil ttrrrttai l lrt'r'r'lr.r'ilii rrrcsir.iulrri. r'i .i il ulrci
sditttbtlri rr cot t;! eiii.t t ! t'pt'i, pl o(t ct' ('irle-$j dr.scolleri
-lI7 rIirucnsirrrrj si rrlrrlrlitr"rti rrcbiirr,rritc-rtrirrlr'. Rcccrrt,

irr sl'i19it. lt,ltliziLtut'it rr irrvilir'i llco (itX) tltr rrlili- ca eea suferitd efectiv do rrn fluttrre in cursul
olrirt, tlc sllccrl;ttot'i sl-t ltsistc itt rlirctL ll pri;rrlr
tltbnlcalc a nrtltrlrri pr ltrnli. l)e cinrl lrr lili;llltrltrl r rir:larriorfozei sal,e.

..llacii irnr cxpi,imal, aceste idei, subliniazd
1i crr riiltctr Lipilitli. nriu'cil Jrrcsii" r'adioul si tc'lc- alrunrc :rrr,tor,u,l. rr-anr f?icurl.-o cliu cloi.in{,a de a
i'ir;,,,r,,," lrr.rlyiii'slitzii lritnLutrit-at'e'it trelni s,rcrriepoosilp,iolirta.'etrs-taire..lcelrler garn.rrtil'cieipr.iili.r.err;,nt,riiri,irr,[,rin[.irc.o-,f.ainptaesn[iLedrll
; gi ilr

citatc 1i fotoglafia. r,rirttrntalo$rafu'1, rrlagnetofonu]. a nc ajrrta sit-rr!clegent cii icleetr corllalir r, aor,,,n-
cliscul, nii.lgnclost'oprri" liir:ii a ottritc 1i lrrloniobi- iric:itii c Iransirniterea mcsa.ierlor'."(j) (.r:ea ce
lLrl, ir'r'iottul. lr.rlisilitrl {:iIi'e. irr ilriul lrir -- atll
virzut-ti dcaltfe] -- -s'i11l qi t,,lc rtrass-rner1ia. ]liri creeazir, cleald'el, ;i faim,a acestor ,itlei crt.rase din
sinL atr;oi incir tl'ci o:bsclvaIii cit sit 1;tttcrtt ctttt' irce'la;i c,apilol. Orguniun qi j:nt,esu ..rrrdii,iduali-
cl'rirle 1.rc tleplin : lrtca bi'o,logi:cir a orga,nisrnr.rl ri pirrr: ,ir sc baza pe
o anunri,tl con,l,inu,itatc ri procosrrJLri 5i 1tc:rmin-
'l ) pu!!n riirlrrr"t'{)i.tsc : llrrtr' qi rli!tir,ilc. ,,ttttutri- t irea Lrecritului sirrr pc cale ;i-o piisireazir org,a-
luliilr- rl,:r'in ilr un :t't'oil l':r;it'it' iltllllt'l'();'\r' 'i riisur'ul. (...) ()r'ganis,mul sc oprrrrr- iraosrrlui, dezlm-
r'upirll. irr:r;a l't'1. irrt,it {;i IintiLa s-r aliits.\,"i'crri- lcg'r'i'rrii q;i rnorIii lrrt fliil i)rr,.,ur:r se oj)lrne ;i
rttr'tttrr! $ i.'i:,irtttr:u lLi trtittt:id (liirrlrrtJrr-srt sli,tlrrir ,rlice mesaj zg.onloiului. OriciL rlc -ru;nar.e ii parli-
ri rrtcsi.t,jul li'le:'iri;l st' t.[c1llitstrirzi i'rr lilt'z;t ltttlri-
rrii, li(X) {)0(} lirrr,/iccrrirtlii. allftl spits ittlt'-o st:ltrttrIii :iirrlrcuarri.in1i,eu[eccusrrt"rm: trrilcoai loe,ltlese:rr.laa,lil]ier,lrcr,ririuerl.n,,reiLrrnsuiinidceagicai-l
si rur si'cll slliiilrlirrrl tlistanIa tlc lir l.Lrrri.t iir prin volliirt) .ltll o ple,lunge;tc pc {rci_t
p- rin gest,,uri.
Piinrint...). lla)(.'le(,le5ili cornuiiicar,en clr, r-.;lrsi rrrr o prelinge;te
irlr-un nou
2) rrrrnrirltrl f:it''i-ltcrrl r.rltt t'r''.,scitttI rtl itplt,t atttIttt Iingvislicir; ci o irrvi\lrric
ric lclr,ri'iziLrrri-'. rliiLrzult'a iriri,rrent,.i 5i gcrrttL'alizalrr
prin sa,itlili" l'itt lit i,rrl'ornri'.lla sli I'i,l clil ilt'ttrrr :rsrr'l.i;n',rrus's:iritipn,torlr:lrttlllcrulr'str;,ll1iiljllco.f.le,llotilrrit,1..ciIsr:i.rlvnosrcPlirrrirlliiirirrl.i;rrr.zirrlr'lrrc,liirrrunJlll,leir,rrlrdl"tat,litirrs.ualiccnrtciecsaairnl,icti.iI
r'rririrri r srr sccpi ibi iii ris lti ntlirii t'rtrtt: ttttrilr rtt e !)(:il (
iitlrtn.grt, lrrrne. Si nir c voi'l;,;l n'tttttlti rltr o ttt:tit-
si'cii;'lii.lsrr'lrrrlrtoirnrrtplt'lgii'!rp'ir.rirrrrirt!tclnt'iilr.liit'rttlotnitsll(or iq. pctttlltt'ce.locIi'
ht:rr
clr: o

lclrnicil rrlila pusi'i 'la ptr,ntt : Discursul,

ii) irrnuliilca rrti,iloar.elot' rlc I'r'artsl-ror'l 1i s.tlti- un itinerqr sccidentut

rlr,r'cir 1ri'cirrlrri r:!rr r'(is,l " I'ir.r' ltosilti[fi, rlcplus,:trtrt lrirl{il!l,'r:ouii{l,rtr.,ril!:ri.{rl)tri,'c1rnri,'rrrnr:.riii.,i'..ilrrrr.,'uotirrclrilsliiriirc.nsa,rl'jcrrrlir'lz,r1irits!,rl;lr.*.ii:.rr,ri.isitr.g,v;|llc1ii1ilrr'.ilr;.er;1r,"r1pli,ii1i,:',rei.rirasLr,lrf6irr*..rr,nre:0lr,li1nllrr,itr,it{lrlr'rric{l,'iiaii,na,rsrztl,ncoitis,.sisr.ia,niir,rlrs,.lr,a.iiltrsnltr"scicr.cirrlpolrrrclerin{lnrrrsnr,l]tr,rr;r.,,-.,,l
tlitt t:c: itt le ntui rultirl[r.1t{: o ru:ti t/irt ct: irt t't:
r:elc din t-t-liriisi--ill'llariric'l;'il (ltl
ttt,ui rttttrc. lii-rr \'orJ)il
o,*illrlriio incii ilto'ltrticil ci'lcltl t'i

Ir,iur:ririicrcir nrlsrr.it:lol si lircr-rli.r[,in oarltttitilrti' sl

vi)r rrl'rllrnr irr ar:t"la;i lrrl. (',lt iicoi)a{; irrIcll;i...
,.irrp*rsilrilitiLl.r,:r ric rr ilrtttstttilc clittIt'-lttt iot

ir!,:'-irll.u| :rrlr-ir: lril urnri otti. st'.r,ic Nolbc.iti Wiurttr'. ;iir'r;rtir.c":rtorrtrilo;"rr'rt,rlarlllr.r..iE;lriiirnrqiriirc,ic.pir:arrliti.i,irritllscrlll),u.!inriinisrbliiittilii:sicslrrl,t.lr.fiiotrrr:rlrna.n.rrrrs,l"nrrt,rr'gi,ll,inii

sl rInlulrlzr'-r. lrlolrirlrii. obslatoit:]oi ti:hrt,icc. ritlti
iries rliliirrlL:{ii (l{) l rrrr:ntirrtr in r ial;"r un oi'g,tl-
iris;n in r':r,rli'rrl rrllri i'r'r'orr:iLilrrii'i t'ornpleLe si dcci
nll iiin'tr'-o !rnlrtrsilrilitrii(\ {)ilf{'r'irrc l itlt'ii ins:i5i. lrr,iri iti.i'f!(',r,(.'l.l'r,,,i,it,zr,;rilr'r,lr rrri'larlri a r,irsri_
irI r,ccl r',' liliver5lt' r'r'corisiniiri,i'a lni.llli rr orlql- r'it*lrri sr^i'r'lrii. spLririr',I rriri
rristririllri virr. l;ilr:rr tlr: irnagilrt,l urlir rna; ,"t1lia":rll"r 2lE iirlr,,r'lrtrirri{r,;-r lt!} ir*riirr.,."iir)ir.c,rr."
{'*rlrrepte (lrr'i.
'2 l9 {,(}t}r,rtt_ti Pt, r,:,r r,r,r-l rli:rl.i,*r; di. a}tc
r,rotiiqtl'r. t.oi
rr'ir'r'c'r ; irilirrrluirrrl

sijabe lnlc rlt:cttl.lclrzli o ..tralt;ii'o sor.iririt tlislirrcli Siatclc t-'nitr...\r'li insai nerllr'1it sl'r crertlcnr ilorrr
tlc altc,le : so'a-re-]c. l\ctrstei pli,rnc ctape i stl pt'o- intr-o simptlii opclaIier de tlanscoclaj. Nici o
lrrrn apoi ahe t.rci dileclii d,iIeritc : sottlelc c I'o!su Iinrbi nrr t'sltr rrrrnuri rrrr ansanr]rlrr clc sirrrllolur,i
-l)ars,e;cl1li'nslgnsroLrlrinluecncI lc[ec -a.]tlasroungl',g.s]coairriecllclzseeq.[.c."-, etc. rrsr:uitiud tlc rrnrrrritc lcguli ; r.ir c 5i urr arsarirblrr
dircrl-
rlc cornpor'[ar)ienlo lesate de {'rnomcrrrr fiziologicc.
Liile corupalibiie cll colt jttgarca pror-romi,rlali (iri
l'rancczir) se descruue'azri'cle la sitrc. (lot'ecta,t'clt ps,ilro,iogice. ('(.ononlicr.. li o o1;cralic dificilir in
I laiector.iei oda't,ir cfeotuatir, ni sc prczintl tttiti l'ond r.frrre c(ll,c o ilnngii ,ucerricic; o o r,1rer.aIi,'
rnulte sui,tc posibilc ca : soarcllc aplrne, t'itsare, str .,costisitoale" ;i ltlin tirrrltul ;i pri,n nrunca solici-

as.cundc, pdlcqte etc. I)acir fraza sc coniinrLi llrirl late lr,arlucirtonrlui irr vcclcr.ea diluzirrii. [,ega,tl rlc
^,zoxt", probabilit5lile ..pilca'tc'',,,s€ ascunt[c''. eondilii cultur"arie. oa cslc prinsii insir si rle cclt'
scad in I'avoal'ca ,noliunii ,,rdsare", care ajrlugc si
tlevinl aproape o ceriLitudine. Com,unicarea vel'bali sociale qi po.li,tice. Parrl IIaz,atd obscrr-i'i in Cri:n
1irrr'to.ecreiodteual ztirnpuriincoimpepraa[iicpimariliainlefoqrni tralist'ccr.rcrriilrcrrgr.liirtiirrr
llrrridnilsr-crurnrsufalucitoar'udleocprpoubnaebriliit1aatep. uinncfti,cocaercsticttttnltltl'rrt' t:ort;tiinlei eutopene cir hegenro,r.ria lirar.r{.r:i anllc-
;i o vizare cale permit, pe de o l)arte, sii sc eli- ncazri in secolrri X\rlI o i,nfluen,tri t]c o rnlrr' ,irrrlo-
rninc tr.aiectoriile striiine obicct,ivultri, iar r,i,tatc i,r-r toatc do,nreniilc: ..Cu toalt' ca pentl,rr
pc tlc lrrist.ocrafia intc'lcc[unlii din Tlrrlopa. traduccrile nrr
rnai si,nt chiar neccsa.r'e. franceza clevcnind o
ir'lta, sI ilsigure legiiturile pen'trrLr a-l puLea atingtl.
llelcurile sint tic,ci cons.tituite prin pa'rctustn'i irltt'r'- lirnbii rrrrive'rsalir".7) J.a fel se irr-ipune ;i rrrorlul rltr
rrrecliare calc, depili.indu-se de t,r.aicclolie, sl'ir'-
;csc prin a a.iungc la (el.'lransmiLcrea vet'bali viaIri liran[uzesc! l-llr 1tr.i,n presiune sall conslrirr-
lscrrltI de legirle t i,nrltri indirccl ; t'cspectlrca ;tc gor,e. ci prinl,r-un fel tle milcalc. cnrc anllenerzi
lilre o vehicrrle-azii cuvintele qi stll'rclclc tttr c nit'i
slobaiir, nici clircctii: coduI lirtgi'istic irnpiita (r itclnrusrttietoBnnacauotvemrlceacl .rirtitrcenfligiiovoceor.eeillsrae'a:.rcl.elrlnefs-aniemitlrprbirriasoapfr"irn.inlndlacrepln.snstrrecnntor'snrcritllleaeslnrcrrll'irpi;lcirlroirn"crnrrrliur;rrt-ii
srr'iitir dc opelalii complexe c'arc sc leagiir irr ilanlrrl nitirlii sau al soc.iolr"rlii cll'ol)clre" ..opinil leatlcr'''
lolbit. :\ccslc consider,alii r)-ar irvcrl rlccit rrrl ('are oo'nfig'u'r'eazir faplele. gesiurilc ii iir finlrl
irrler,cs lt-orcil itr dacir ntrtss-rtterlia tt-al fi llc ctllt'
rlrr a scltin.rbit ftrrtrl.attrttnl,al silrritIirr. $i irpr,i rrr;ri i s t oria.
llt-lruic inlelcs faptrrl t'i"r rirotltrrilt t!r' lottrrttti,'1,t,
rroi nu sc rtritt'gittcsr: t'tt ittlricttil'ttlt ttttt'i si! rr:rlii A Ince istorie, exprcsie g'r'orsolalril in aproxi-
nratia ci. rlar calc pune-n I'rrrninir falllul ci hegt',
;rrin llt,a. nr,ortia lrolilicir tinrlc sri tnodele:e 7i firplelc rle

De lo troducitor cirilizaIie Ei pe ccrlc cle expresic. -{zi c insli rinrlul
lo mogino de trodus englczi sir tlevini ..liniltri Irlrnsccncleutal,.i" tin,r.j,r
rni-rsurii inciI bilr,.lele rlt'aviorr sint [ormrr]alr,- irr
..Soalcle lirslt,t'c". lrrIelcgelcii cslt: inledillii inllc
i'oririlorii ar:ek:iaqi lirnbi. Ce se-ltirt.rplir irtsir t'irtcl r.rtglezii chiar'la Or'lr'. ('il ilcaltfol peste lot iir
irrr'r'gi in stritirlirtlrte i) .\j,-rngr: tlolrt' :rcltirnliltL't'a
cotlulrri .): ",..rlllircc SSornrrt'trcisgerlirst,irragr"r.I"i,rrtla;\tririJlcli;at'isfilrtrl lrrme).
( lllrrrrrri'it ; 22A
lrilirrrttul Jingr istic sc lr,atlrrce pe planrrl rrmi-

siunii (ccea c(:) o l)r.odus in r:ng,iezir tinde dir cc
irr ce nriri rn,rrll sir l'ic trirrlus 5i in lrrlte lirnlli) ;1rc

plnrrul transrrrisiunii (StaLt.le ['rritc- scr s,[r'iduir,rcri

rrcon [:inrr sil-;i facir retelele dr: conrrrnical.ic nia i

rlcrtr;e, rnai rlivcr,se, rnai rapiclt:. nrai c,ficact-.). pt-'
pliruul reccpfici (englcza multiplicir rrrijloaccle rlrr

221 It'acluccle a coea ce cslc ernis alLunderva 5i dirr

care s-€ir p,utea profita)' Sint insd atitea presiuni IanIc :tlapdcncclr.:criu.olpilaorr';tr.,l)1ereij[rcrrrariilltaat.c ascurrsc, ca,bi-
care modificd sistemele inconiuriloare. Etiemble rre'le
se nelinigtelte, pe buni tlreptate, {ranco-engleza ascrir]titorii li.r
rrllsci*r cale pern'ri.l participanfilor sil uuuiirersrinr
cxirunelcil oira,l,o,rilor in propr,ia lor limbd. Solutrie
$e rispindel;te irezistibi;l ; clrupir ,,week-end'., tl'n
tcnrlen atit de farrriliar, urmeazi un val de ter- rrlega:nl.I, cc pernri'tc teoL'etic s'u,orima,r:ea barie,relor
rnt-'ni telinici ctilora ni'rtric ntr ic scapit, de la
gesiitrnea irrt.r'eplinderii, pirli I'a olclinator, tre- cliningevia'srtiecec.xpCeurieconalard,illticar,-u,lugi,i 'termenul este, pent,ru
de ,o importanf[ deci-

linilu-sc ;i prin rneiii'eind. .,llarhet'i'ng", ..Lnana' 9siividre- cle a avea tradu,cit,tori tleosebit de calificapi
1;r:inonL'', ,,lcasing", ,,'Litlle shiaring", ..stl'ess",
.,clr'ti'lil'ii-t'trtiu1-c1 "t,r,,,rpcaa'crcrtuuaskee,ttt"r'iiergtci.negtc nulna,i ia asig'u' rlacir a disprLrne de insta,laiii tehnice perfecte. Or.
ac(lslea sin't in goncral de o,,fiabililate"
s:rtisf{citoa,r'e (li si nu aibii defrecliuni !), se glscsc

i.li'ea [,iccL]r'ii fronticrclor Iimgvistice : ar'tI snu tli- lotrrgi foartc g,reu, a$a r:ii J'ormalea gi s,elviciilc lor:
iLrlii, eir c ltrgatl dc soa'r[a giobaiir a r:oinuniiSlii lcvin foa'rlc F,cirrnp. Inlrr:p'r'i,rr,clcre iu,uritate urnnnii,
n,,i, ,, gJ",,p,rltti talc de!i'ne plr'lclera cle ilel'izie' dc
9i sot'iit1i. irrntrjIatc ntcr'anicii. l,raducerea, sinr,ultanii c rrlzer-
rrrrrir Li ini'[ia,lirtl priJ'i'iicir. etorn'o'ntirir vati iu,stit,rrliilol sarr illlcptinrlerilor <;u mijloiltc
ii, r:iur.la il ceea te llatlui:el'ea rura,l.er:ialc gi calc sc Jiriritcazi la rrn nurntir Iimitat
jtisii sit sc .inIerle'agit
rrolisili ttlllitrrrisIri, rttt su t't'aclrirce 'ioiuli tit-ltnai 11c i1r16.;'lo,'l.rioli. Iiiilii-ntli;;alri insli li'r rrlilizarca ei

plrillu ,,il c'{ri}oitlle capotlopcl'erle sLrline" sa(l se liirgcgtc.

pcnt;'ir ..i;rbivii'ca sufiehlui" I se 'trrrardLlce, mai inLii $i pen't,r'u a-i rtrrx'cli;i aircsl. cArriicler hihnid.
rlc oL'jcc. pcutr"u a iicfiona. 'l'raclucc'r't-'a, ca 9i liinlba, rilrelne[ica sc fo'r'],eazii rii punil Ja punr:l nlalina
r'iispiiuclc unei ttevoi s'.rat.cgicc. Riin'iirle lnsl dc pdreonlrraitcrl5uts,oaalree.c'fiuco'elierte.izcu, l,ptar,otcltlsciinnta deecoinncscirtasinmiepL$i.i
vi:L::,ut crirlr llspunde gi rrlidirlii inforlriairiei gene' S;i presupunem ci i s-ar putea incr:edinfa ordi-

lirlizitLc Ai acceJeraLc. na)t,or'uhri t'oarte probabiJitrilile ocurente ale unui

,\tr fosL inven!.ate cliie,ri,te r-lisl.lozitir.e 1i expc- cuvint, Ei alc une,i stito clc cuvinte ; aiunc.; c rvi-
dirrife. ca llasic-linglish. Dcsple c{-' c vot:}.la i' tlenl cir va fi in ntirsuril r.l-. a traclrrce fiirri rt]proq;
(ilicc iirnbir are o infinitatc clc c'rl'trnlrrri dar utt suJr rezerva totuqi c[ in-nremrot.izarca sil se extin'dd
rruirriir l'ilit dc rclalii ,care ie lcagii irl,tr-o situaq.ie lir-ntrcg dircl,ionanrl... Ar ii sr,rficienit atunci sI apX-
oil.rei:,iri.'e :;iirt itrIt'-uu a,rtsamblu <[e siLualii cla'le. sinr 1it.crelabulgr;t"orn^.:.."rd,easr!.ucl ,oilntlh.acrcfnorrnnruolie".i lui Kodak,
..tJazificir,r'r:a" cottstit itt a pttne ln punct in fiecate
lirnbi Lrrr sisletrt rla relalii tle l;azi, t-'it't'r,r s:-i penr-ritil trare cclr:c'tHtorii

gata u lAlcit, irr tlesaj lrl ttirc'ulirrcl diin'i'r'-LrLra itltr-a'lta, pi-arr tlal s,eami cri Ir,ar.!ucei.en e imposi]ril, fir,'i o
lr gt'.ailtrltri. tIc erhir'iilerrlti lliiixirrrri tletelrninatir, ..,desrivirqiti teor,ic";r Iirnbajulrri 5i r::i aceasta nu
rror,ninrI de ia ctra ttrli nrarc l"rccven!ri tle t.rctr- cxisth cel prrfin pinir :lcunr. T)e undc i;i olalto,ralea
rn.orlclelol op'cra{ionale l;r carc lrrclcn;ri"r.
rcirfe. It ie atnelicau, I'iatlccz, gL''irllltll) sflrLl l'tls'
..basic"-til se p.r.e'tmzir rniii alcs [a Ioln'reL: sirnple' Ilupr-i lfrrlcuk. ..slrategia gen+.r.rrlr'r consti
la lr'adr-rcorea mesajelo'r tt,nivocc, tla tlelt: tli: tip ;ti-
ilrtr'-a,ceas,t:r: rnai intii. fieclirrri crn.inl. i.rl fra;rci isr-.
i;rl ific =arr irr lt-,r'mal ir . rirlicri t,ri'ntc i,1t6it'zcrlc irstrlllq yclafiilor si'tactic.
posibilc -- arlic;i sc loagii ipolc,t,iu rlc ilr:esI cur.i'nf
;\lilur'i rle .,basic" trtrtlucr:rea sitnitlt.anci pare a Ioale rrur.irntctle suscep,tibile. in principiu, de il
rI:;prrntle la oricc. Sc cunos'tl ins'talaIiile, fixe sa'tl put'ea fi legate cu cl. Se ob;in'e astfe,l u,n ansanrblu
rnc-rbile. Lll carc sinL ec,hipate organiz'afiile interna'
Iiuropean sarr clc sLnr'oluri ipoteticc. ltrc,esiLc strrctir-rri sin,t si,s,t.e-
lcioonlealpec, ONU, UNIISCO, []onsi;lirrfl instaleazl ctr
care m,atic vcrifri,caic cllin prlno-t de vcclere :r1 condiliirlol
anurnite i,nstiLr-rlii le
ocrazia con{erin}e;lor gi a co'ngi'eselor mai i:rpor' 223 g,cuera'l'e pe care t L,e,brlie si lc s'at.isfacil o struc-
222

Itirti sintac',ticir coleolir in Iilu]ra clati"r..\ceste con- iirnbi specinJ,S 9i care di,n aceastd pricinl e ]i,milat
rlilii joacir rolLrl de f i,lii'c ca,r'c nrr lasi s5 trea.cfi de frontiercle iirnbii. IJnele irrrrnale;i peri,ociico
remedia.zi ,aceastA sitrra,tie pub,licind
decit, stluctrrrile coreclc. Se alcg apoi ca struc'tr-rri traduoeri I
coreote numai ccle cale rlspund rlut,ur'or irnperati- pentru a trstompa limitarea l'ront.i,orelor lingvistice
;i relrativa {e,ntroalc ,l, rtr615;1,iului r-errital, presil
velor. $i aceastd mctodii se nunreqte lrit orletorla recurge apoi $i La lotografie. Sclri'rnbare capi,tali.
filt'relor-. Cercetitorii trebuie sI punri in evidenlii Con'tttnicarea, lotogroiicri, e ,lipsitri c1e concepte, pro-
qi s5 form'uleze Loate legi[e gener.rJe clupl care sint.
pu,nind o inrag.i,ne gl'olia,lii r'n care. cllrpti o privi,r'c
construijte propoziqiile in limba dat5. [,1n atar.c ritpridii a r,itito.ruiui st. sclrile,azh u,n mesaj incl
lez'ulta't se ara,tI a {i foarte in[eres'ant pe'ntnr sin- difuz. Sple cleosebire rlc lirnbir care se ar.ti,culeazi
i'n sec\renle qi in fraze, care sr] clezvolti deci in
taxa ..uzualir.. N[ai rnult, algoritmul gener,al este. timp, iinmacgaitn'eelapestenu.nodfeerrirird, cnnJat,lrrrreimpia'at
in principiu, foarte simpl'u : e,l ser exprimi pr,iutr,-o cimp vedere ca un
vizdri
set'ie tl'e I'iste, enunrelincl to,ate co,nd,iliile cemte tlc gi prin
s,r.rccesive, ci prin oJtera.;ii de ,,ansa,ntblare" Si de
o slln,clurr"r sint.aciicir core,oti, clacir Loate acestu puneri Ia ptutcL aproope ittslantanee. I'Iesaj,ul foto-
gnafic ntr este iinsil nicio'datri singur in presi ; o
liste sint corecte, ,al,goritmul gcneral galanteazir cr
ari;rlizi colecli a oriciilei fr,aze, oricit de cornplcxii legendl ii cxpli'cirterazir iri,to,bclcau'nra senr nificalia. Po

ilr fi ea, toale structLrrile posibile {iind exani-

ttale".8) cJe o parle, im,aginea al1€) Lllt irnpacl cal.e aclionea.:zir

Oricurn al fi, fie cir este l'or,ba de o Lraducerc aproape inslantaneu asrrpra ,cititorului oriclrei co-
iradil,ionali -sarr sirrrultanii. de o recur.ge !,e la
,,Ba,sic" sau ia rnaqiniLe de h'adus, in orice caz mu'nitiii lingvis,Lice i-ar aparlilc e1 : pe de alt.a,
o Lraducere dephtde de tut. sitr,gttr sistem lingttistir:.
$i chi,air dacii igi extincle raza cle aictirrnc a mesa- ,textul ordoneazir imragi.nea,drrpir iriteligibilitatea
jclor gi le accederearzri Llansmilerea. operaliunile pc pr:oplie limbii clestinalarrr-r'lui. Sc pro,duce cleci, cL,.

la i,magine la imp,rimat qi dc la imprimat la ima-

cate le plesiupune rirrnin 't,o'tlrFi complexe, costis,i- gi,ne, cr drrltlir rnigcalc care .si or:t:elereazd ;i rnodi,-
tri,bulare conclilionirii limbii. pIicrodcecdce;mulw, iccai rcan'b.iaSicnla,l,ecmii ninesdiiiiar'ni,i'isec].eanrriabidgontrrrilnieclue
to,arc ;i

d i'nlr,e efe'ctele sale.

Cind comunicoreq O fotografie apirutri in pres.l lre arninte$le
se schimbd
cle ter:tra iconografiei cre$line 'in 'c,aire se vede Iisus
I-iinecuvintindu-l pe umrl dinlre c,redincioqi sau nu

Ce se pe,trece insir ele lapt atu,nci cin,d informa[ia rna'i rufi,n frecventu'l l,loli rne !,o,ngere... Ti,tlul ar:t,i-
coluhri ilacc o 'tabula rasa a tutur.or reminiscci'rl,e-
oere, ca-n cazurile de aou.rn, trans,miter.ea cle qtiri lor iroastle: ".lJniversi,t.atea clin San Francisco. Pn-
la un nrrmir rnai ma'r'c de des,t;inatari, rnai repede
;i cit se po,ate de ieftin. Ea-qi llo'ate m5ri qi acce- loh'ul arest,a,t o,clatir ou studeniii siii...", Crr ocazir
noilor dezordini produse la Linil"ersitate'a dc stlt
Iera ritmul de d'istribuire. E ceea c,e se intirnplH cu
rii,n San liranc.isco, scrie zi,aristul, ..prir.rtrc arcsl.ali
ples,a rle nla'r'c tiraj care nunrirrir nrilioane de
pDexaaerrml,eopdrla"iinlccittrqediczcairnn,rrreiecci -oanrIi.frnineap,-r'i.enlurpureilltneelrpueicgclcirleaiiumtcaotateiidaimehnaeilrr.-: s-it refiIarca,l, parohul colegiului, Jcmv Pcderson, lir
iilninproozbai'linzeoaaszlirrriiriIsui,cninm,dormr-iengt'iut,]ulincrcr abracstuon-
tlreapta

polilist
nrrl". Or, dacii presa previnc in g'eneral scur"t-
liei ;i or{cit ,ar fi r,le rapide rliilo,acele de transport circrritele, publicitarea profitti d,in *.rceasta, +rirrstin-
c(cicalricstEpi ianzii rnerg cle la vi,nzirt,ol:ul pcdestrr sau
presa, ca ;i rln-;i corlirnioarea verbali"r qi era[i,cl rlupir pro-
l'a ar.io,nul crr reaclie), 225 priile-i sco,puri. \''ir intrebali apoi, acopelind iru:r-
carbea, r'irline uD obiect,.sclis ca,re recirrge la o 221

girrca, carc o {i acrtl ,.blulrii it:locrti penLnr e ll'ii i'rr i.r'nnsririlcrca rlrilrnrc!lrii pc ltrn;i. o origirrc tcle'
intr-.n's". l)escopcrind inieginea, ligareta r'[ dir ',,izuali, lirnirilc rcceptol'iJor r'especlivi rlu sinl- suf;-
i.i:t,spunsul. J)enotarea ,;i cono,tar'ea sc conf'undir : cirrnlre llclilLr n cxpiicita irnagi'ni,le, 5i irir'agilile
{igareta cu lutun b'rrrn detinc 'tini.tla fatl cu plr ilcprigirrci llelLr,l conrcrtariului, it,ntlencazI trrt l]otr
nep;ru, dLrpit cLrm aceasta se rnctamorf'ozeraz[ irr gt,rilul aI rrt'csiijtt,l'ui itt citl'c iotu] e concepttl. lt'atls-
i.igarciii poLriviL inscri,p;iei echivoce in oblicl 9i rrris. rlil'rrzrt, explicat 7:;olriril. irttugit'tii in rni,lcare
saltul pe i:ale-l {ace tiniir't.rl sriir gocul revela1iei... ccrrrut1re.(',-1i1,,[sriil,1(.ioiuinl ssl-iitrtrifeil,tp]li'tirtilcllirlotiauipl cdecxbca'lztrds.ivTrp,aetlitleiornl.al':
Sc rnai poalc apLli [*ce Ei exper'ienla tltrilertillui
umoristir e ciiril i leplerrtlir sc asr:'n,nde' u'rmi'nd sii ;1losc. adnotirli. cotnt'niai'ii, inici'irretirli elt'. i'r
se ilcscopclc n'urnr i dupir cc tt{l-at-l} irneeinai gi schimlr romcntariurl lrlcr-izat se iiirce niltrtni llo
irlagini, polnirtd rli' l,a o i,ttiorrnaqie in pre,alabil
rroi unil. i-lorlunicarr.a grln['icir 1i cea verbalir ntr ..ling-r'isticii" ;i a ciirci t-rilisie irr tlirect' il pule ptr
lczulLri din arli!io,rrarca celoa riotrii rrrijionco; e:ltr lourt:nltal,o,rouI ce[ .mai vo,lubil. pe spera]icrirl ceI rrr;ri
l)ropun r,rleciiv o i:t;ttittttica,l'{:} tl€ ttll uo'tl t.ip ptr
care-l folcos,t'sr,i rrnlalrlc. tlrrg:rzinerlt'" I roltzile rlestr- pi'iclcpui irr in'rposlbil,i,tatea cle a ..r'erllalizil" col]t't)-
rrrilcnl ('rr ri,'sl'ii;irrrr'cu li.
lla'lcC, epirocs-upctitn:tiepkrrli,rtr'liinslsr'i'rl:'cs'Litiiirrstigio-'rrtnl'lrr'a. Iirl cirri] r'iteza FenorncnrI esle notr. Dtipi spttsa lingvi;til'or'"
ei dr: tra,nrrnritt:ic va ("rf)$l-c s,lritlincl trittlttce,l'ca rlrttclura lin;bii lrr se schirnbii clecil foarte plrlin.
l'o:t,r'ic-ircol qi corrfolm rno,tiali,ti:rliior pe cal'e le dn-
i;irnu[t'anI ri'lri]lri'r[lLrea tex','trl-ilna*{iue a cirrei lolerzir rlcaltfe,l rnai rnul'i ecorrorl]iei lo'i' in'lertrt:
linlitir e,stc dcsiLrl de lt:Dctle lrli,rtsir I Ar:treleraren rlecit, acIitlni,lol' exterioare : ".Sis4emul 1onetic si
informa[iei ntl sc .roarlizcazit c'ti'ttl ne'drm l)tltea liprrl lttntlarne,trtal s,inL extrelll de cc.lttsorr'"tLoare"
im,agina. plin acce,lclarca ltro'drtt:erii gi a cl'ifrrziunii ii[rsen'rj Sapir'. desi a,pa'ren!e,le ar cont,razictr
rne,r.rje!o,' irrili,r'inrllc s:tLt plirr a,'ci:lt't'alcn tratlrr- irt't',ilrsla. (...) l)olirrtqa dtr,a nrenIini] sisleillul, terrdiirIti
{'eIri : col;r.r:il('(ri{'[t 'r't':'bitlii gi.f sou icttrtiL.ti sc trorts-
Irtrinti in inttgittt tc!'.'i"ieati. \rizualizalca t:ineticri rlr: a cotrlt'itbalnnsa o inf'ractittlltl la ltlt'csl acestlri
ile giarlr.rl rloi 1;r'crlui:r' utt ..teletrtcrl'irr 9,encra,lizat". sislettt prinl r-o stt.iti"t cottrp,licatri tle tla'nsfoi trtit'i
5.' q;r'rllrr,,. rl,.r'i ,' i,tttlnli,'.
sttplitnonl rtt't', tlttt'eazi seco'le satt cllriar milerlii',." li)'
rlntuaritealienstreirltlf,raltr'cmaadliaacviiizcuoanldiri,lililtcu
tlr' \'li tbir-tri;r tr;ttili ci iri,itg;trr::l. rl'rill irr lie l,roittc insii noi-
rirt;rrilcl,iziuno, riir sriiiritJlii nir.ttic diii i.iutul)oln;it lor rirerlin, ;i sinl

i rcirilrri'; ! r;iern u pe pe cale dc it luoriifica accas'iir starc dc iucruli- i-lr
Iir i,.4l' i s,t.il. lJ i l'u zarctr p r-,i,me cleba sc dii nlai inLii in.ragi,lr'elr in nrilcalrr
]rrn;i" cale se :ldrcsl r'.ir cUrect la 600 de miilioane ic[eviz,iunc !i tlacir t,omentariu'l continuit si tlcacii
rlt: r;iie,claloli, a fosL co,rtrentatii in ]imb;i fiecirrci 1i rtpoi, c.hitrr
pliit folrntt lirrgvisticc. spectaLonr,l urlnfu'e$tc cmi-
{ir'i lt-'ccptoalc. Sir l'lrn ilqit alt-'nIi 1a conclrrzii. Pr: siurrca, l"irri irttlr.'ialir, tlc l'ci-,t'cl crr cxplic:iliile vet'-
rlc o pllle, e l'apt cc'.r'i t'ii co,metlll,ll.orii sc expr"i- lrailrr. ri:ri' rit:ri irriii 1tt' Ioirt.lul' crtnlitrr'nt u! inlag'iti!or
rrrau {'iellrre il sislcnrul lingvistic prtrpr'!rr. Rrinri- !u rrte e crt rtlit. rttui sertsibil. t:t.t ti,L' (tc(ts!ea ttrt sirt'l
rrirrd iirsl la rccrisll al irtscttittit ittt ntiti 1'rulin sli
! r'i:lr.[(]ils{'i tt:llufit tt0it'ltti {'apl citre sc iscii di'rr- ,rri irili nIt poL li det:it forrte. pu!itt rerbaliznte,
Ir''r.rr.:cils.i:r: r:intl llr, ('\'{'tlirtrcrtl. arc' tt origine t'er' .\rrr viizrit dealtfel foarte llinc accasla cle la
ilrlliinrrer:at maisuer,letct.tizcailte'cla{'itirlcrlirazi'ielvritrsit.rcdcaesciivelle' -iandutcota:n;ttr:
/rrilij r:urn si--nlinrplr"r rli-- ollict'i. 1i cttrn s-ir 1,i in- :,lrrtliorrlile. conrettllttorii a'll {lvtlI de lulcir crr multe
lirriirlal pint"r lrtrttt. lttt acon ce itr'c lt'giilrtrli ctr
;r{,esl ;'r'enitnt-nl, e crutt'elrrrl. lnutqnris. rlillrzrr!.
c-rr-.liriit si cllneritat in f unct ie tlc statrrtrr | '.'cllrrl .,tlloirrellIt' tihc". ctt ..gitttt'i" ca]'c al' fi p'tltrrt fi
r::ii'c i-il rltit nagter.e 1i crlc si's,liilr!le;lt'irr qi llrin irr)tti1)lit'ale ('ll adcvirl'ate l)crtc tle 1lr:ogram Si
ll

liirilr:i. tlrl tintl cvcrrirnurlrrl ilrc.r.uirr a Lrst laztrl 226 227 r:ral'(' rltr sc t)t'riI a5i'eptatr. $i lotrrli I Cl s':rrrtirn-