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- CHUNG MOT • BONG CO evE MAT TRAN DAN TOc GIAI pH6NG . MIEN NAM 'll$T NAM) NHA XUAT BAN CHfNH TR{ QU6c GIA HA N(>I - 1993

NGUYi:N vAN L1NH . q",o;'" J' T1!.AN B",CtI DA.."IG • CM UNG NGQC KY - tIO xuAN SON 1'6 LAM - NGUYi:N TRONG XUAT Bm CONG DANG - DuONG MINH HO I # I f CHU TICH H6 CHI MINH (1890 - 1969) Ji"

) NGuytN Hl1u THQ - eM ticb HQi THAN vAN TRA - THAN NAM TRUNG PHAN vAN DANG - THAN a,.CH DANG .. """ ..... ' .• ;,"",'t . 0'.' , , -..... -

5 PHAN - MO .-DAU ,. " "" ., La! NHA XUAT BAN Trang loon M dl¥dng lOi chien 11¥q'c vd ngh~ thuljt lanh dqo clla Dting la, van de M(11 trljn, cang Idc M(11 Irljn va vi~c xac dinh cac /Unh thuc M(1t Irljn phil hq'p vui nh~m VI! ella lli'ng Ihdi kj, luan /uan chi~m mgt vi trl d(1c bi#1 quan trqng. No khong chi Id van de chi~n 11¥q'C md cOn Iii sach 11¥q'c vii ngh? Ihuljl edch mqng. Thdnh I[ch I'd va; Iro 10 lun clla M(11 mjn lrang cac giai doqn k1 Itl nl1m 1930 trd Iqi ddy dli dl¥q'e lieh 5'; khltng dink ThiJng Jq'i vC dqi clla 51{ nghilp gidi ph6ng mmn Nam, thong nhifl dOl nl¥UC mang 111m vOe dan It)c I'd f nghCa Ihui dqi 5du s6c. Caeh dlly 32 nltm, 51{ ra ddi I'd uy ltn hoqt dOng clIa M(11 trtJn Ddn tt)c gidi phOng mmn Nam V~I Nam, mq/ Ii1n mia, cluing minh hUng hOn suc mqnh lat lhiJng ella ngqn cd dqi dodn Kit toiln dlln - mgt lroog nhting bai hqc lhanh cOng Jun clla edch mqng V* Nam. M(1t mjn Ddn tt)c gidi phong mmn Nam V~t Nam. tli khi ra ddi cho aen khi hodn thdnh trQn v!'n su mgnh lieh sli clIa minh, dil liln II!C giLtang cao ngqn cd dan ttic, vi the dli dQng viI!n dUq'e cao dQ tinh thifn ylu nuuc d mqi liJng Jup nhtin dan, tranh tht1 duq'C 51{ lIng hQ t[ch CI{C ella bqn be, dong chl gi'ln xa. Dieu do cdng th~ h~n ban linh chinh lrj thao II¥q'C vd day dqn kinh nghi/m clla Dting ta trong lanh dqo cach mqng d mgt thdi kj day Ih'; thach, phllc Iqp I'd gian nan nhill. Tren cu 5d kien dinh dudng loi va chren II¥q'C each mqng dung dlin, veii I'~C hinh Ihilnh I'd phat lnen Clia MI,lI mjn Ddn tt)c gidi phOng mmn Nam V~t Nam. Dting la dd /(j ra ral linh hoql, mem deo trong chi dqo sach IllQ'c nhl1m doiln

gg Bg sdch c£l ba plWn: PMn 1: gi'Jm cdc chllung vlel W cuQc chi1n dllu cdc dia bdn chi1n Illq'c Itt nIJng tMn dl'ing Mn&; m/ln nrIi den cdc dt! lhi. cUa cdc 1l(C lu<?"1IfJ chInh tri. I'll tl'tlng; binh VI)n, un cdc m(11 tn1n chink tri. qulin SI(, ngoqi giao, crIo mqi tang luI' sl, nOnIf, cOnIf, thllong; c/La cdc nhdn sl, tri IhIic yeu nlltfc, c/La di5ng bdo cdc tf4n IQc, cdc IOn gido ... vdi cdc hinh Ihlie dllu trank phong pIuI ch6ng ki! Ihll mqnk hun minlt glip nhieu mn. 1'hi1n II: gi'Jm nhllng mIlu sinh dgnlf, do chink cdc nMn chtlng /ich sri ghi 1'hi1n Ill: KhlJc hQa mQi s6 grrung mill tU!u breu clla cutjc khdng chief< Bt) sdch li'fn dau tiPn cOng M bill tlch crla ChrI tich Hi5 Chi Minh vrel vi' Mill IriJn Drln Itjc gidi phang nuM Nom Vllt Nom. "Chung m{lt MIg """ dllq'c hinlt IMnh Itt nhiEu Mi viiil dlldl hJnh Ihtlc mO td hOile nhting Mj lUling crla nhllng ngu:dl ,rang cutjc vii nhting vile do llim. nklfng gian kho do lTdi qua, nhllng dnh hu/Jng phtlc tqp phdi d/Ji I'M, nhImg $I{ k#n dllq'c ,ham dl{, nhling chiln cOng dli dOng!¢p, cung nkllng mlil '> dliu dwl ld cd bdch chiln bdch tMng crIa Ddng cqng sdn I'd Hl! gUlnh lqi cho Mng dllq'c dQc 141', I1f do, thlfc hitn cho dltqc 1h6ng nhlfl dllt nltde. Nd cd WC dllllfJ to ldn khang chi doi wi qud khtl md eho cd hifn 191 vd tllUng lot gUlp cdc Ihl M ngudi Vllt Nom hilu them truyen th/Jng cdeh mqllg crIa eM anh tit gid vling, k!l llula I'd phdt tran trang dilu kifn mdl, cung ciIp ngui'fn sri Ii/u quy giJi cho cdc nhli vilt lich sll W cutjc dllu c/La ddn Itjc 14 trong tht kj xx, 141' hqp cdc elln crl Ihl{c fl dO cdc nM nghiin aJu, l/Jng k!ll If Iu4n vii mrJt giai doqn khd liiiu bilu crla cdch mqng VIII Nom. gql cdm hting cko cdc nkil Vl1n h6a trrmg hoqt sang Iqo CUD minh vi! mQt tMI dqi ldn c/La dan Itjc 14 crlng nhUng con ngudi c/La tluJi dqi tly. Mong rlIng ri'Ji dlly, qua 1111' /hu y kiln bgn d,!c I'd co them nhUng Mi vI1it mdl, culln sdch dltqc wi Mn se phdn dnk dily drI hon nhi?u Itnk vl(C CU4C khdn!! chien chOng ngaal .ufm oanh liit nh/ft crlo adn tI}c 10. Xin ",'n Irong gufi thlfu cuOn slick wi bgn d(iC. TIYng 12 "lim 1992 NHA XuAT sAN cfflNH TRl Qu6c GIA

r )......... . . .. I 6 CH.lNG M¢T aciNG cO k!lt mqi Iqr: Iltqng ddn t{k co tM dodn k!lt drrqc, c6 141' ki! llul ngoan ell, Ihem bqn IxIt 1IuI, k!lt h'lP slie mqnh crla todn ddn IQc wfi S1Ic mqnh cua 1M; df; nhlIm dlinh IMng Ice djcl!, gUlnk IMng lqi /ling budc, lren len ddnk bgi Mn chUng, gUlnk tMng Iqi hodn IO<ln. NIlm nay, nMn dip kj nilm mn tIuI 31 ngrly th4nh 141' M(11 IrQn Drln IQc gidi phOng m/ln Nom VIII Nom. Niul mlil Mn Chink t.i qu& gia cha ra mill bgn d(!C sdch -a.....r m[Jt MIg """ Yill cU4c chien dffu anh hUng crla qudn vd ddn 'a, SI{ I4nk dqo sling sulfI. t4i tlJrh W dltdllfJ 10i, phlt(111fJ phdI' va ngll{! IhU41 cdch mqng crla ChrI Ijch HO ChI Minh va c/La DrIng 14 trong cU4c khdng chi1n ch6ng My, aJu nltdc rong nt 11 nllm lich sri. Bi) slich dllq'c llure hiIn dJrdi SI{ liinh dqo c/La H4i, dl5ng bib! liJp gi'Jm cdc di5ng chi: Nguyin Hliu 'l"hQ, Triln Nom TIUII& Tliln I>?1n 1hl, Plum I>?1n Ddng. TIiI" Bqch DrIng do di5ng chi Nguyln I>?1n Linl!, ngurln TOng bl IhIt BCH ThIng It(1ng Ddng slin V<j!t Nom. C6 vlin Ban chffp hdnh Tnmg /lUng Ddng. Idm c6 vlin. '--- CH.lNG MOT B6NG cO 7 mdl crIa dling dt;ii Mn lhan. nhllng Mn hoan vii nilm vinh dl{ lrong eU4c chien dilu V.v.. No; mQt cdch khlic, ddy In nhUng lit st>ng phdn anh cuQc dllu qUylt Ii/t "mrJt milt mQt cOn" gilla cdi thitn I'di cdl de. gilla chink nghta vdi bao tiln. gilla luang tdm . dank dl{ . nklln phlfm wi mqi mltU ma chwc qUj crla cdc Iqr: phdn dqng diln TO nkieu Ilnk vl{c dltdi nhieu hlnh thtic. Phdn dnk dify drI cdi Ih/{C phong pIuI, .& dqng I'd phllc laP hun hai mlW"i nl1m iIy vdo mgt cuD" sdeh "gay lrong mn xulit bdll dou tiPn qud lil vilc lam khang dun gitfn, kho trdnk khdi thIlu sOL Chlnh vi th1. cu6n sdch tlUd< lilt mdi dem den CM ngu:t1i d(IC mgl cdi nhln IO<ln ednh m.ng tim hltling chrI dqo crlo mQt bIln .nh hUng ca vi! $I{ nghilp ch6ng My aJu Illtdc crIa nhdn ddn la. Xel tOng tht, ddy lil mQt cOng lrinh quy mO I'd 14m ctf, co giIi iii ve chlnh iii I'd lit titling. lil mt)t btic tl'tlnk hodnh ITdIlfJ phdn dnh /fUIIg llure Cdi kh[ .1Il luIo hdng, cdl stlc mqnk "ddi non IiII' biln" crlo cd ddn tt)c quyel chiln dliudwlldcdbdchchilnbdchtMngcrIaDdngcqngsdn

• 9 cUNG BAN DOC • • Ni!m 1990, nhan ky ni~m 30 ni!m thimh I~p M~t tr~ Dll.n t~ giai ph6ng milln Nam Vi~t Nam, nhillu &lng bao trong va ngoIU nlldc c6 it kHln n41n xua't ban m~t t~p sach ghi IIi\i m()t giai do~ Ijch sU hoo hUng, tM hi~n sU'c m~h dli\i doan k6t dan t()c chong My CUll nllde a milln Nam Vi~t Nam. Y ki6n do duqc Uy ban Trung U'<1Ilg M~t tr~ Til Quoo Vi~t Nam, dttng ~u Iii lu~t ell Chd t\ch Nguy~n HU'u The;> hoon ngh41nh. Thang 7-1990, Ban chi d~o va Ban bi41n ~p cOng trlnh Chung ~t b6ng cCI (vll Mtt tr~ Dan t()c gi81 ph6ng milln Nam VI~t Nam) dllqc thimh l~p. Sau h<1ll hai ni!m khan trll<1llg chudn bi v(1\ khOng it kh6 khiln, chUng tOi rA't vui mUng trlnh b~ dQC ~p sach nay. Ngay tit dAu, 81/ nhlft tri trong ehl d~o bi41n ~p c6 hai di€m Idn: - Ddy khOng phrii Iii m~t cOng trlnh khoa hQC ljch Bll' nhhm tOng Mt M rut ra nh11ng van dl mang tinh quy I~t, nh11ng bid hQC: kinh nghi~m ell dong eua cu()c ch6ng My CUll nude • do Iii nhi~m V\I cUa Dang va cae nhli BII hQC. N~i dung ~p Bach phrii th€ hl~n chd y6u dll(1\ hlnh th~c mil t8. llili nh11ng con ngttin vii 81/ ki~n dung nhll no dii diAn ra trong cu()c s6ng ho~t d~ng vii chilfn dlfu - dll<1llg nhi(!n Iii khllng hll clfu. COn tir do c6 tM rUt ra nhtu xet, k6t Jutn ccr nilo Iii phAn cila b~ dQC. V (1\ tinh thAn do, til li~u d€ vilft chil y6u Iii til 1i~u Being, tit trong ky ~c, bao dam trung thl/C nhung co tM chlla dly dil vll rni,lt noo do, xin b~ dQC thOng cam. - Saeh bao vi6t vl dl tlU nily, trong nude ciing nhll tr4ln tM gi(1\ d1i qua nhillu, Hnh thea thin di€m va gial d~ cua cu()c dlfu tranh. Mong muCin cda nhtlng ngttin bi41n t~p ~p sach Iii c6 g4ng W nl!n m~t bt1'c tranh tOOn canh, v(1\ nhtlng mlt cham pM ban dliu, tuy cOn BU sai nhung tll<1llg dOl ~p trung - thutn I¢ cho d()c gia r~ng rlil h<1ll la cho cae nhi!. nghil!n ctlu. Vi bill va chUs tMt dAy dil trong Iln xua't blin dlu til!n nay cho nl!n chung tOi ~ chi a ~p Bach thanh cae pbln soo ddy: Sau Phln rna d'llu, Phln thtl' nhlft mO ta cu()c dli'u tranh trl!n cae dis ban, cac -' I

.. ..... T 01 rJ(t pMn kMI vlJ OOIlif trIDh 'ChUllif m(lt b6ng elf' (VI\ t$ dAn * gW pb61l1f mQn N..... VI.t N ..... ) gb1 L\tI m(lt thbi di&m diiIlIf tv Iu\o eUa IIlQI IlgIt'iJf VI+t Nam chq ta. SIf hlnh tluOnh I;oim b(I Itch III dAn * Vltt N ..... .,00 d6n hOm nay. qua nhl'l!u ngtm nAm. 1ft m(lt qua trlnh tI6p n6l cae gIal dOlpl. Wa hAo hUng, Wa bi tntng, SOIlif vU<tt Iiln t.lt .,.;, yo .,hi t'lIn eUa dAn * dB chi6n thllng nhot Ly Thltimg KJtt l19i "l',p thUD thU" (ehq ta hi4!u dO 1ft fill tv kbina 4jnh eUa dAn *. qu6c gIa, Iiinh tb6 VI+t Nam). 'i'rong "hulll bitl'n A'y. lit DAm cb61l1f My cdu n.me diAn ra dn Nam Vltt N..... mli 16n WI plUUn .,hJ(t dAn * cO .qe, m(lt llIn nita pluin IInh sU'e eUa nlln vi.n hitI'n Vitt N ..... mit Ngu,m. Trlii nh4c trong "Blnh Na6 DfP. c8D". Mtt t$ DAn * gW pb6ng dB N ..... Vt+t Nam. eon de eUa phOIlif trao Il'l>IlIf kIWi nAm 1_. miIi miIi a61l1f trong kho tang "Kh6ng cO gl quy bon d(lc Jtp, tv do", co nhin d d&nh gI4 dUng qua khli' eUa minh, m(lt dAn * mlil dU Iuin IInh di do tamIg 1aI; tr6n tn,>ng qua khot chinh 1ft tr6n ttvIlIf fill tb4t, nil Wa thu(lc plupn tm nit klnh IlIfhi+m Wa thu(lc plupn trU luAn IY, l. Ngtly6n T,mg 8t tIur Ding tin VJl1; NaIrn, nay ,. C6 'II'In Ban chip hiltItI 1rung tDfIg Dang, ----------- -".-.,. -.. ,-----.',--", ... ".-._-" '---"'-.-

JUaU J--.... 10 CHUNG M¢T BONG CO hIe II1\1tlg tham gia va cJlc hlnh tbl.!c difu tranb tb'l'e t6 dA fa. Pbll> tbd' bai d{Ic ta titng titng vifn .ll! trong t.:tng kbfa C{IIlh M dung pbong pbU, smh ban. Blil tOng .; cum phll> vili !Wi y d6 "'" dll< tbam, khao trong tlIm nhin tOng quat. Pbln tM ba gbi eacb t6m W nbang gtfdng dl qua elf. Pblm nay chile chAn cOO chl1a dll Phln pb.,. lye 00 aIf tl1 lifu va hinh :inb elm tbil!'t. TJIc gia sJlch dung ra kboog ehi Ihu trong vili cbye dang Un il <Illy mil cion baa gam tal ell nhang al dii t1lng "val sat val cbung bOng cl:f' trong nhang nAm thOng .dl dQng dd, Vi V#y, chUng Wi rift mung n,*, dl!<;IC nbillu :Y kll!'n ph@ blnh va sa dt1l;ie nbillu bili viift kbJlc dinh va W sung t$p .h cho nbang Ill> xuift b:in sau. Xin chAn thllnh cam an CBe C<I quan, dolln thi, cB. nhan dii quan tAm vi6t b1li, kbuy6n khich tinh thlm, ung VA v3t chift cho deh dlt!;rc hoan thilnh, bitt Iii Thll tl1dng vB ChCnh pbu, Ban Thl! kj Uy ban Tnmg .-g Mlt T<S qut'fc Vitt Nam, BQ Van hOO ThOng tin, ngu'l)! Vltt Nam tIjl PIuIp vii COng ty Sano Promlnt, ThAnh Uy vii Uy ban nhan d4n tWlnb pM Hb ChI MInh, Tinh tly vii Uy ban nhan dan eJic dnh Long An, Tilln Giang, Bifn Trs TMp, Uy ban Td qut'fc tlnh An Giang ... -, £0. • , l .. ...... , .. ...... -- .. - .. -- ... un Glm THltv NGI.lViN VlN L1NH' Nguy60 81 1IV XiI Uy Nom B(I NIJ.IYM Sf 1IV Trung UOI'19 Cue 11 Mi1ln Nam OiIng C¢ng .an Viii! NIlm.

Dang C\)ng sin, tdc h1. tbAp tltm v6c eft ml)t dAn Y cr.; cOa ke thii nie Ph1.'m tho "'" long t11 tavng cUa "'9i ng..-M Vl\lt Nom. Til" 19M d"n 1959, DAm DAm rUng ..... nb4n dan mIlIn Nom k.Uln trl ott dyng cBc blnh tbac dA'u tranb bOa blnh dol thl bAnh Hl\lp d¥th Gene",,; dOl chlnh quy"l\n SOl GOn Itp quan bt blnh th ... bDg vcH mllm B.4c, tlEn hBob hltp tbltdng b8n vi.., t4ng tuy4l"n ca d4I" tb6ng nbA't n1t<\'c nhB; va dol ehim dlh kbling M, cb4Jn dlh CIt6p ",*ng cUa nllng dAn, tint" hltn dAn ehU v.v •• clW hqp !Y. hqp pblip, hlnh thlic ..... dyng on bOa, thli Dhltng nhBn dAn milIn Nom dU\IC tni 1M bAng cae chHin cJtch dAm maa. NhAn dAn mi"iln Nam bi ke thil Cltt van tlnh thli pluiJ. vUng 16n gilt slob mtnb vB tOi ..m, 'lOa n61 dau nO It vB ai.nh nltdc nhB bi cbia cAt d.i JIIaDg hoa blnh, 4'm no, phu" w; coo mqi nI/U"M.. Cn\)c lllIng kbdI mlinb lI\It cu61 1959 dIi cbuy4\"D thl!" vB Iq:c cBch I!UplII mIlIn Nom I4n m\)t blob d{i 01<11. Phong irAn cBch I!UplII dA pbAn hoa nI)l U thu. Nguyin Cblinb Thl Hji"n bJmb ctao chlnh ngay 1l·1I·1116O. Tmllll b6l cAnb do, then tnayl>n th61111 'doAn JUlt, doAn JUlt, d1.li _ Wt' cUa t4 tl4n, do oBng kiji"n cUa nblhtg ngU"ili C{illll ..m, M4t trtn DAn * giiIl phOlIII Nom Vltt Num cRo tbAnh ltp, quy ty lIhleu t4 chm:, _ th', ca nbAn y6u n<tac a nong th6n, tbUnh thl, riIl>g nw, c6 tin ngm'Ing va khOOg tin ngltang, ngu"M Klnh va ngu"Cti cBc dAn t\)c thl,"u e6, ng..-iIt tU" sin vB nl!U"ili lao d{ing, Vitt kil\u ytlJu n ... ac a hW nll"'P, ngay sf quan vB nbAn vii-a chlnh quy"l\n Ng6 Bloh OI+m, k4I" eft cilp coo, t1t sOng Hllln Llt<mg d .. tl mw Ca Mau. Cae 1'IJb 1It<1Dll vol trang t., v\I cUa cBc dta phltUng va Ph.tt. qu6c My kb/ing nit hOi hqc t1t th1fC *'i!' a mllm Nam, lao van con dltiJng phl6u IU'II mM. Til" 1961i, My Iln lut,tt dUll!. th1(c binh va kbi tOi quAD Sl( vBo mQn Nom va M4t ' ..... DAn * giiIi phOng ngbl6m nhl4n dill dlIu vM dl)J quAD vlin chlnh My kbiSng fl> cO 1'Iie 16n dAo han nd'a trltu. Cu\)c khBng chlji"n chllllll MY cUa nb4n dAn mil\n Nom • va sau do. cWo mAin B.4c VI.t Nam, cUa Kampucbia va cUa LAn • vii ciing ac ll(!t. B6 lii m\)t trong nbilng cu{ie cbi4i"n tranb gW phOlIII vB t11 vt vi dyi DbA't cUa cac dAn * nhO ytl'u va ehill'n tbAng nPy 30-4-1&76 dong j!6p coo to8n cAnb tM glOi ml)t bU'c tranb hoBnh tnmg hHim Co. Sau ZI DAm hy sinh. nbAn dAn Vltt Nom hoAn tbAnh ........ tob ve V8JIII IA thu hlli t'Vn ",n nen d\)c ltp dan *" tb1fC hltn thllng nbA't dA't Vliqt mulln trUng thtt tlulcb, song thAng M" dAn * Vitt Nam th4lm nJu"h tlf hiw tiiP b ... {Ic con dU"i'lng chiob phye TIl do, HIJ1Ih phuc rnA Chu tjch lib Chl Mlnh sut>t dM 11m lip, d4n do lIP chUng to. Chung ta chHin tMng vi hI«t th..... k€ tinh thiln dAn *. nol gU"ang cac thjj' ht di tru'{Ic, hitlrt pJuit huy kbi thl!' cUa cul)c Cach I!UplII Thong Tam va cul)c kIulng chHin cMng th1(c dAn PIulp, dU\IC Dang CI)IIII .an Vi(!t Nom I4nh d,o. d ... qc tlt tuitng HO Chi Minh sol s8ng, eft nwe ml)t lOng, dU\IC thE! !lim Ung M. Nhlhtg biii hqc Ian d/i luOn lulln gill y nghla quan tavng d61 vOl chUng to. bAt k4I" trong gIai d"", eftch D1IiU1g nan.

rr:- ·r----:-"7 .. a mae; 1.. . _ 12 CI-IJNG M9T sONG CO NAm tbang dA dl qua, song obilDg III nb4n dAn milln Nam 'dl t ..... de vll sau' d ... qc nhAn dAn eft n1t<\'c t'Vb HiP kl> vai .at ai.n.b, nbilDg edng hU'n vi Sl( ngbltp glal ph6ng milln Nam, th6ng obA't dA't nU"dc, d ... M nll9n 00 M$t tr(ln Giill phong liy mAl mal c6 ch6 dlhtg tr&.bg tn;mg trong 1jeb stf. M$t trtn DAn * giiIi phllng mIlIn Nam Vltt Nam .... dM nblt ml)t tit ytl'u, pban anb dol hOI cUa th1fC *'i!' dA'u tranb CIich I!Uplg is mAin Nam tntde Am mU'll thttc dAn mM hOng chia e.it lAu <W Vlt. Nam, rum ntra, hong dUng mAin Nom IBm bim .... P tlin c6ng to8n rutde Nom vB ban dao ll6ng Du'cntJr. nol Chung. Stt pbAn cUa My va toy oai dOl vcH r Hitp d¥th Geneva vl> Vitt Nom dli dua plUl.n dA't Vitt Nom pbia Dam vi tuylin 17 vcH han hal m_ trltu con ngWi vao ai.nh dau d"" chua tilDg i co. d day, cM dl) d\)c tal, pMt xlt tbling trI. a day nl>n d\)c Itp va t11 I do bi ehB d1.iP· Nhdng ntWe, nhlhtg nI/U"M day rong khBng ! chi"n, lu6n ca nbdng ngu"M ehi mung e6ng .so dllu bi kbling M tan Ke tM chU tnttIng b61 x6a co\)c Cacb I!UplII Thling Tam, co\)c khBng chiAo ch6ng Pblip, b61 x6a tbimb qua DI\ln 816n Pbu, IJ!II 'lOa "'1 lib vB DangC\)ngsintd'ch1'tbA'pt'ltmv6ceftml)tdAn*"Ycr;cOakethii \l '{: , , CI-lJNG M9T BONG CO '" efte gi80 phw eh6ng My-Ditm t., nguytn tilling obAt thanh QuAn Gi.n pb6ng, dlhtg dltM 00 M\lt trtn DAn * glaJ phOng. Nhmu dAn *. phong trao vB t6 chUe quAn chung, e6 chlob phu d4 ling bl) trtn DAn * giiIl phOng, tlOJIII dO, 1'IJb lU"<:lng nhAn dAn M" cac nwe :m ehu ngbla, cac n ... ac thul)c gI<II thti" ba, cac trl thm:, nbAn sf, nhB viin, nhB ,",0 tlEn b{i kitlIp thl!' glM ngily cAng bi<ll"u II) thoil k.Uln quytlrt dll:ng vl> pbla M4t trtn DAn t\)c giiIl pb61111 mIlIn Nom. M4t trtn DAn * giiIi phOng mIlIn Nom ki'm ...at nbil>u wng n6JIII tMn va ......... nw I"", gIIm lIhleu trltu dAn. Npy khl vil'a tbAnh J.t.P. M4t trtn dIi tb1fC "" 14m nhl.m V\I qwin !Y ehlnh !,uy"l\n vM ht tb6ng til" '" Ap, bulln lang 16n huy\ln, dnh va trung ltdng. Uy ban 'I'rung ... ang M4t trtn DAn * pi ph61111 th1fC Sl( lii ml)t ChInh phU <i mAin Nam, SOIlll SODg ti'ln ttl v<ll chlnh quyl>o SOl GOn. CBch I!UplII mllm Nom 141 m\)t Iln nlht th'lie dly kilt thil pbim hoa: ngi'ty 01·11·1963, ttWng Du'cntg VAn MInh J.t.t d6 cbinh quyl>n 111116 Dlnh Dlflm khl rnA ehlnh quy"lln nay Wt cbA'p dfo Iy thollll thU'irng, dAn lip dA man nbilDg ngu"M theo d1.io Phtt

Vito blnh thAnh M4t trtn DAn tOe gill! ph6ng mi'An Nam Vi.t N am vOo cum nIlm 1960 chlnh lA mQt 8" kitn bitt, mQt 81/ kltn trung t4m trong trang aU oanh Iitt Ity. B6i eOnh vA cae diAn blll'n cila tlnh hlnh milo Nom Vi.t Nom trong thOi gian til 1964 dUll d4ih 8" kitn d6 nhlt Iii oon trel 4 ow. can trOo each m\Ulg nhltt <IInh s6 bUng vl dto Ilt1;It n6, M4t trtn DAn t(Ic gim ph6ng TO dOl bilo tn.«lc ngay toAn tiWlg ew. dAn t(Ic tao ChUng ta lUi I¥J thOi glan: ngay 20-7-1964, Hltp dlnh dlt\fC Icy kll't. Cae dillu khoQn ew. H1tp dlnb vl ban be' cbung l\Ii hila blnh el VI.t Nam dlt\fC hal Me PIuIp, Nom ky vl dlt\fC eac n\!do dl/ HOi nghl Gooev. nllm Ity chJrp nh.... ttp trung cbU yltu cl hal dlim: 1. cae nude d" hQI .nghi c6ng nh." d¢<' eM quylln, thelng nMt va toiIn VIln llinh thtl cila Vitt Nom, quy dlnh ae ttlng tuyin cU tl/ do trang eO ntt<lc vOo thting 1·1956 di tMng nMt dltt nltdo. . 2. Trottg lthi eM dl'l tlltn hAnh ulng tuyin cU hila blnh tMng nhAl; Mt n\!do, hai Mn nglhlg ban, ehuyGn quAn ttp kft vll hal milln Bile va Nam, lily vi tuyltn 17 lAm gi<!i tuyltn thOi. Trang ll1i kAu gQl ngay 22-7·1964 Bae H.1! dm de djnh: .... Dltu tranh M cUng cIS hila blnb, thl/C hitn tMng nUt, hnim thlwh d¢<' dAn t¢<' cang mQt euQc Mu tranh IAu diIi, gIan lth&.l Trang IIll gQl ngay 19·12-1964 Bae 1¥J n6;: ·Cbung 18 cia doAn diu tranh, ctlnh giae va till tltcJng, cho nAn chUng t. diI 1 liCh $V DAng m VlfIt Ham, trfch kiJn OOng, til NXB S6ch 9i*o khoe We-Lenin. He N(>i. 1978, tr.403, iioooI •• ___________ ___ • _ -- ..

) '4 CHUNG MOT eONG CO T*p ..reh tuy c6 gAng ... ng kMng th' phin Bnh tAt ea khfa ..,.u. v(\ "u"g 04c sao, d(lc d8o, phong ph" cUa "'Ot thi1l ky dJlu tranh dl>n cJ.t.p lie Hlmg tri(lu JllIlibi dii lAm n6n Itch !Ill' IDA mill xttna ding d1!l;fC di1l oau nhtt on; ..reh chi cMp If! trong mu6n m(lt 8If deh thll.n leY liy. sach ron clIon dltqc h6 IIIIIlIf, coo n6n till vi'. mil)' 10:\. nay nhlt vl«t chI> m(lt IJI1 thio. Viii tit each IA trong "'*" till ..... an HOI dlIng chi d'l'o bI"'n dlIng cht eM bI"" eac dlIng chi kIUie dODJil a6p 000 ..reh vii. trAIl t'Vng gIcI1 th!(lu cling trlnh vttI hjm doc- :l'fwfHZ , l .' MAT TRAN DAN TOe GIAI PHONG "... MIEN NAM " NAM - MOT GI!,I "HQP THANH LlCH SU' DAN TOe NAM " ". NGlIYiN HiJrJ TH(I 15 CUOe Mu tranh ehelng Mj cdu n\!do cila nhAn dAn 18 dill 21 nllm. DO Iii mOt trang cqc kY oanh Iitt trong Ilch s,} IAu diIi ehelng dIn IItqC cila nhAn dAn tao

Nhan dan ta nghiam chlnh eMp hanh Ifnh ngt'.\'ng Mo, 1\10 IlfI;1ng vi! !reng th11e hlfn ttp klft n<li quy dlnh tntdc khl "u6ng tau ra Bile. Tranh thll tht'Ii glen It 01 Con ctic chiEn .1 giup dan dl[ng nha, tntl1ng hQC, '>1Y mQ U.t 81, a Cao Ulnh xAy mQ C\l PM Bang than sinh clla B8c Hli. N gulrl dU'\1C phAn COng a 1\Ii Nam tra thAnh dan thllilng, chwin bi mQt ct$: dlfu tranh Dldi trong dll!u kifn kMng c6 chlnh th\1O tr III khOng cO gI t11 ... BA rna gOi n4m dlt Nam, hac nOng dan bitng c>1Y vU stl"a giao tay bQ dQI dtts ra BI!c biA"u Btic Hli va <!ling baa ml"!!n Bile. al cUng gi<1 hat ngOn tay nhtl Ill! thlf hili nAm sau sli cO USng mI til do th6ng nMt d!a nttdc, Nam • Bile sum h9P nba. 'I'M nhung, khi Hi.p dinh Ganev. vita dttqc kY, mau <lA cMy IT4n dl1i1ng pM Sili Gon, ngoy bUng biob chq Bln ThAnh: My • DiQm n6 sUng dan ap eu¢<: bit!"u tinh mCtng hOe blnh clla mOt V,," dan thanh pM. Va, mau chay kh4p Nam. Truac khi tM bCtng bCtng cUa dAn tOo ta sau t$ Phil "chEn dQng dja My " r6 i djnh quylt dung nht1ng th1.i dO'll' tan kMc nhat. nhlll:Jg vv tMm sat kinh kbUng nhil"t k"!!m Mm i chi dlln t(\<:, xOs nhOe thllnh qua chin DAm khang chil!"n. (1 Trung Nam chung tra th" dii man nht1ng ngum khang chil!"n. nhtt ,; DlIng Thap Mttm (Binh Thimh) chling dUng kem gsi x6 "au vAo ban tay ba chvc ngttOi rill dim xu6ng kinh Dttang Van DtMlg. Nhillu VI,I khtic ij Bln Tr. (M<l cay), Tan An Hoa), Vilm C<\ TAy. TIl" 1954 Mn 1959 chUng dA giil"t h\li 68.000 ngtti1l, giam clim 400.000 ngum. 1 HO Chi Minh" 1r1 d¢C fitp b;1 do vi coo nghia til h(i. NXa Hit 1970, tt,t69. 2. add. Ir, 172.173 NiM Sdn, Chi (Phil nn), Chq DuI;c, Chiang Dan, Cay CISo (QuAng Nom), chUng dll glA"t d lAm bl thtlmg h<!ll 700 ngttlIi. Trl HuAf trtIdc t$p kift cO 23.400 dSng vl4n can dEn ngay <!ling khclI (1960) cOn h<!ll 160 <!ling chi. Nhang <lQI cOng t4c dt<> "H1!c boo", nhoJng bl!m giam nglt/l!, girt ngttt'll v<ll nhl,lC blnh tht'Ii trong cd cw. tan b", chUa NgO Dlnh c.fn lJ Trung. mite man r<1 khOng bUt ni>o ttl xl!!"t. orn ",,01 nAtn 1967, c4c tlnh <!ling hang Khu 5 cO 70'1 c4"p Uy "A, 60'1 h"l1n Uy vlan, 40'1 t1nh Uy bl d\ch bit bot<> glAt. Ngey a S8i Goo, thll dO clla eM dQ " chUng .sa '" sat anh Ph"" Van Ngil, bilt va tra t4"n <lrn cMt gilIo Itt Van Dwlng, dUng nhl,lC hinh co,rn kY tan b,o gilt chAt chi Thl gioo tntl1ng We Tn trong Ide chi l\lBng thai; cae d1)ng chi Nguy6n Tr9ng Thyin (B. Thi), BI thtt dnb Uy Gis Dlnh, Trln QuISo Thoo, Bf thtt thAnh Uy Sili GOn - Gia Dlnh, DolIn van B<1, Th_g VI,I thAnh uy .sa !lOh dUng hy sinh. Nhll!u <!ling chI, d1)ng baa yau nttde bi chUng bilt bd", tra t4"n, d>1Y iI Mn chlt lJ COn 000 ... Cae d'1t "\:6 ,*"" "dlft '*>( n6l tllfp nbau, vdl c4c blnh thite trln lip, '811m hOi", Iy khat Dang, Iy khal ch"Ong t$p kAt, v'l oiln hQ t$p klt Ilfy bQn tay sai he$: blnh Hnh n&"\IY tic On... nhang chlrn dlch tuytln t4c dQng tam It chiro hang dil !Ill» IU$n vA tM dOljD nham hlim Iy glan tttng mm, tang Ifp, tttng ilia <!lnh .•. Thy c4c tho dOljD lfy, di.\ tAn b", cullng hay ngoa Xlio vAn khOng khult phl,lC dU'\1C eon ogtl(Ji Nam. • ph9.i gia dEn phtt<1ng stich ella b9n ph8t"xlt: ra lu;lt 10159 "* cQng cOn ra ngoiU vlmg phap lu;ll" va

t.. ___ 16 CHUNG l\1¢T B6NG CO thling l<;li trong khang chi€n. Thl nay cbung ta phd! doim k£t .vng rill dling bilo ehuQng hOB binh toilo tM gi&i, nang cao chi khl d<!U tranh VB Iinh thlIn conh giBC han nola. tin tl1i1ng han nola vao 1\10 IlfI;1ng ",,,,h mii va dli ve vang clla dan tQc ts. Nhtt v$y chUng ta nhfft d(n.h tMng 1[Ii. trang COng cu¢<: cung elf hOa blnh, th\1O hit!) tMng nMt, hoilo thAnh dQc I$p vii • eM trang eo nttde ta"l. Thy vito ttp kift ehuy.i"n qUlIn ra BI!c, giao mllln Nom eho quan Philp quan Ii khOng ph81 khOng ra nht1ng xao xuy.i"n nMt dlnh. Nhlft Ill, tft lau dIl" quOC M)1 d. tr4ng tr<;1n tr\1C tlA"p can thitp vila N am, kh! Silp kY dinh Genhe thJ dlta NgO Dlnh v1l nh4m they Bao Dill th\1O hi." am mttll thOn tlnh mibn Nom, dilng mibn Nom lam him d,p tlEn eOng mllln Bk Nam, tip d$t ehA" dQ th\1O dan kilu m<ll clla chUng ij DOng Dttang. Trttt!c nht1ng ban khoan ella oiln hQ, chiln .1, dling bBo. Bac Hli d4 dUng mQt hinh anh sinh dQng <II xtic djnh i chi c4ch m"", "" Co nglt/l! hOI rangl ••. Nru h\>n M)1 " cit ! ra thl tM ni>o? Cau tnI It'll la: B8n eMt clla Mn dtI 18 cit i ra khOng nbuc nhleh. Nhttng khl nhllu nglt/l! dling tam 1\10 ma ,,0 &(y thl d" tang d. to mlfy, mlfy cl1ng ph81 land. . NhandantanghiamchlnheMphanhIfnhngt'\'ngMo1\10IlfI;1ngvi!!reng CttJNG MOT B6NG cO 17 d milln DOng Nam BQ, dich ciin quet .au v80 can eli, biln gilt, clim til nhiliu can bQ. d1)ng bilo. C<1 sa cQch tIl\Ulg a XuAn L<)c bi gl!n trdng; chllng giift nba vAn Dtt<1ng 'I'll Gieng trang trlli giom Elan HOe. (1 clie tlnh Thu DlIu __ vian. trong dO"! s6ng blnh thl1i1ng, viln bl Mt, bi giam, tra U"n, gilt eMt .. , TIl" TAy Nam SQ 000 <lEn nlng nui TAy NguyAn, chUng vita tiln sRt, vita dlln dan I$p khu dinh khu trU m$t. A"p chlA"n 1U'qc. giam hllm .. xii, .. buOn IIlng vSo nhilng tr\ti t$p trung, rna ndi Urng tan khOO md bvng m6c gao, u6ng mau ngttlIi •.• la khu HlIi Ylfn (Blnh Hung • CA Mau). d" cae tlnh Trung SQ. tinh blnh .au h<In. a khu 6, chUng dung <I. d$p cMt 32 ·oiln bQ dSng vl4n b6 vSo baa tai nem xoong Vinh Trinh (QuAng Nom). a Htldng Oiln (Quang Trl) chUng gtA"t 34 nglt/l! dSn Ong bang caeh ra 111m ba khUc, ham hiifp 27 ph\l nit rbl OOtt eft chan tay, chQC ttrt 31 tra con... Ctl thOn chi cO 2 ngtl(Ji ch\\Y th04t. d Nam Trung SQ, Irong khAng ehillit c6 vUng giil phOng $g va m",h, 000 nen khI dQI t$p Wt ehuy.i"n qulin tbl can 1>0, chiEn ai, dbnll bSo pbili chiu ciinh qulin thil .. t hill rit men r'1. Chi trong 2 tMog /I va 9 nAtn 1954, c4c VI,I tan Silt <llin blnh d Hlun ThU$n (Blnh ThU$n), NiMSdnChi(Philnn)ChqDuI;cChiangDanCayCISo(QuAngNom)

khq thl hi. a.. y 10 JIbt cb6 oPla tit bin bin :ot cUo M.t iI milo N""" villi bjo 8l/ dill kb8ng 1lIIY aM fIIII* c.bl .... tfiDb "1 cUa cblllli vdI cdc tlu£ 1"1> nh4n dan Nam. CM yi!'u _ bin dO cUo Mt - Diem tIA tnl thAob "IIhtfl;lll dllfm tri """I" WI, n6! OOIt ngU'tll XUlI.: 'ng\t\Jc Ibng ngue\, n£hlch t trill·. Cbo nOo trooc ouon 6 Dl!m, tU 1954 un 1960. diI M.9 - Diem tIA ..... tu" tAn cUo vA cOIlg .ol; thI h8nh mQI thd cIotn tan kb/iC nhft., nhAm ft bfp y chl cIIch ""'" cUo nhAD dan ..., Nom, dtp t4t phong tTII.. qulin chUng. nlntog pbong t:nlo cdeh ""'" milo Nam vin gia..rng vA pbat trilfn. Cbng nh4n do Nom kbOng ngilIlg dlIU tranh cb6ng dan th\1. dOl gW quy€t "'" thAt nghltp, dOl tArig I.mog. eil thlfa eM lam v1tc. eMng Phtt .... dOl dy d>;tog klOO t6 * Itp, dOl cdc qU)4n til do dan cln1, dOl hila bInh tbq nh4t 1<*1c nhA. Tfnh Mn eu/ll nIim 1969 tIA c6 clIn 1500 c,* dlIU tranh cUo cOng nhAn, :roag a6 c6 27 e,* Idn ma tlAu bllfu !II hal cUOc bllfu tlOO tulln hImh kh60g III :Ua cOng ohAn va nh4n dan lao dOng S8i GOn troag ngAy Qu/IC t6lao dOng 1-6-1966 'Ilo 1-6-1966, thu hUt 200.000 va 500.000 "gue\ tham gla m& cUOc. o thbn, nOog dAn blI" bl cMog IQl thd cIotn cU\!p ru¢ng d(t troag eil 8Ql I "clll e&ch dllIo djo', eb6ng tAng "'" dOl glim tbu€, ch6ng t4 eOng, ch6ng ItbUng bd, Mng b4t IInh, Mt :du x.ty d>;tog Itbu tnJ 111ft, kbu cIIOO dIln. RiAng {s milo 'I'rurl& "'n Tl\}' Nam 110 <fA n6 ra hI1II 3000 vy. un tranh VII ,,*,g d(t, c6 cUOc bllfu tlOO , 500 a60 700 nguIII, Ndi btt h\ "'* dAn Inmb t4 dio tOl '" Mt • Dlfm d' Np ha him Chi", 114.9 Tho, bl djch khdng b6' dan 'P, nhung nguOl _ nllJl. ngue\ aau vin '(n; tdI, iiAng .... quyft lIet vdI djob, c6 dfn 5 ngAn ngU'tII tham g1a. J 'i I trinh dO tOl glole vdI nhang ,11c dO khoIe nhau d m6i tlng 11 nh4n dAn, bIJIt phAn nbuyia. tranh thil t4\ ... nhlhlg It,1\) IUI;Ing c6 tb4 tranh th6 - kI c8 "hang it,1\) ltil;lllg IR>ng tlnh chI _ mQl. • .skblfu h1f .. nh4t dlnh- it« c6 Itp cao dO bQn ta;J ,1181 dll' qu/IC Mg. RIl rAng Mt . Dltm IA 'ling dA", ching ooang n6 "I 1'8' ma cOn mu6n sI1c neng kbiing khlA'p clla n6 d6 bQp t4\ c8. Vi.., 'dnAn k6l: hqp It,1\)" 1/1. dIlu klfn t4\ yi!'u phlll c6 dlf 'llin' ling dA. Tuy ohiO", diu c6 Y chi tbtt kiAn cU"/rng, ma chi dAn tranh chlOO trI dan IhulIn trltlJll m¢t k8 thi> phBt-xlt et,1\) kY tAn hao thi c6 thlf illY chqyh IInh tb€ N6i day ddt a6. II8U ngl\Y 20·7-1956 - tl1c hal nAm 88U np,. kY Hltp dlOO G.mAva - chqydn thAnh dbl hill mm cUo cdcb _. Tm,rc II' ooang nIim 88Il khl Mt - Di"" yjln cdc gi.w phAl, pliong trAo dlIU tranh cblnh trJ cUo qulin chUng ngAy clog kb6 kbAn. Tntdc tlnh tM Intc bach bj dlch nIo rilt truy bl1c,' kbUng b6', dA kbllng clIn IInh tr..,g ngUill dan millo Nam chi bIJI't !Ill nltlltl milt thUc thil dIta ta;J do xlq lIIch k8 thu. nhi'lu ndi dA til dOng dllt IAn OOIhlg ngQn lola "1thdI nghle tUng nhLf a 'I'nII1i co (Tay Nlnh) qulin cbUng dA dllng l"'1t clift tl! "g1,1y dlf glimh lam chll. Tuy dOng chI IAnh d(lO c'* n61 d$y d' Tnlng co bl lr;Y lU$t, OOLfllg ctIc 8l/ kIfn ,,61 db tilng phlln d6 dA IA dlfu hlfu "ngU'tll dAn cOn c6 tblI tlA'p t...., 8/fng nhlt trIIItc DiIB". Cuol nAm 1956 HOi nghj l!n thd n XI! Uy Nam DO do dOng chI lA Du4n eM tri 1 dii ban _ nhillu VII vtrn em nl\y va tIA nghj: "Con dUilng til'" IAn cUo clich ml,lng'dn Nam plull diinghao It,1\) ella qulin chUng dl l&n t6ng kb<l1 ngh!a. 1. "" nohI .... "'" .... ..." """ _ , ... b .................. .,.,. ......

J Ii al( I '8 i CHJNG M¢r BONG cO ' .. liy eheD! 41 kbdp nm gliI't OO1l'ng oguOl ytu nltlltl. VI.., hImh quy€t DgIlI'lI yOu nt6c Holing Lt Kh. d- Tay Nlnh cIA pM IAn milo Nom mOt m&l u lim cblta !;!)ng en N gil DlOO DI"" tqyAn b6' 00ng khai: "KhOng hi Hitp djOO Geoeve m,. buQc', VI' n6i thAng: .* dlft cOng sin khOng fUll tq', .gIft 0lIl1 100 ogu!Il cbn ban b6 e<it m¢t tAn cOng ..m •... T\U sao Mt • DI"" plull tht,1\) hlfa nIn!og tbd cIotn ph8t-zIt • kY lAo .,.., olnr tb€ trang khI reu I'l1O chd thqyft '4qy llOO - nhAD vt·, "thArIc WID em lao' thaa eAl 1191 1A "thl eld! t11 do" do MI ......... 7. , &1 kbUng b6' II1IIl>g tirJh cba trio thU II ,t " milo Nom cUo MI -DItm kbOng I eli a6ag kbuntI trang mill tAc 400g cdcb mtog - phin cIIch """g " Vltt Nam; , nO lIeo quft mOt p. vi $g bl1ll WI tblIng l\!I cbq tbt,1\) dan cd cUo nhAD • d/a; Vltt Nom do Ding sin Viet Nam IInb "'" inh hl160g sAn "'" dil'n pbong , - gllII pb6ag dan tOe khlIp thl gIdI. all .. mA M qu&: M.t ra I\Y 1I;r. Cb6 yfu _ bin cUo M.t vl I"IY oaI ., milo Nam till hIto lit" baI .mm: M¢t IA e4I .0 til do, dan cbd lila blP cUo eb6 D/Ihla tht,1\) dan mm kbOng tb4 4h bOa "'" tht,1\) chAt * tAl pba-1IIt, We vl bJjIU cbliI'n cUo M.t - Ditm. Hal Ia, DI"" vl bf. vdI Y tIu1c bot vl I'll Ieb qlB> lti pboo.. klfo, ,villi khqthlhi"ay10JIb'tcb6oPlatitbinbin:otcUoMtiImilo CHJNG M¢T BONG cO 19 (I ctIc V1lng ritng nw, dOng bila dan tOe it ngUlIi dB c6 nhi1lu h1r.>h thl1c dlfu tranh phong phd ch6ng thu!!', ch6ng cAn quOt eWlp hOC, cMllg t4-P trong dAn. NIll'Y d- ctIc thj trlln M. Thu¢t, PIAyku etlng dB n6 ra phong tr80 tranh dOl tOl trI. 101 !WO hAng ngbln ngUill tham 8'1. vilo cuIIl nl!m 1958. Glm tri thl1c, thanh nlfn h9C sinh, sinh vlAn, ph'! nil cdc dO thl dA'u tranh ch6ng 1iAn hOO auy cue My, dOl bOO vii ph8t hqy van hOO dan tOe. nd'l IAn IA phong trilo btIo .. hila blnh, phong tr80 dAn tOe t1f quyi!'t, phong tTilo dOl dOng tl60, lam chuyln nf!\l ., cole trU"/rng, phong trilo bOO nhAn phAm vA quylm 1(11 pb ... n1l, dOl eil thIfo chI' dO 1110 ti .... ERlng bOO c6 """ nbang nhi tit sin dAn tOe cang doAn k8't vd! cdc tlIng 1"1> nhAn dan thAnh thi dlfu tranh dOl qU)4n dAn sinh, dan cbU. ch6ng cM dO gie c!inh trI, cMng b<;>n tay SIll My • lang cIotn klnh t6, v.v .. VII'n em dan tOe vii dAn chil' ngl\Y cAng tnl nAn Mc bach dOl vd1 IR>ng bOO mi1ln Nan>, hl nOng dl'n thAnh tbj. 'QIc "'* dAn tranh cUo cole tlIng Idp nhAn dan xuJft pluit hl tlnh cim ytu nl!tl!l nan, til quylln 1(11 ri3ng ella g1d! va qqyln I'll chung ella qu&: eJa dAn tOe, k6l: hqp vd1 nI)fn tlntc sAu "'" nhlhlg vtrn em ella thlll dQl. ClIcl1 m"" milln Nam dA til tht,1\l tiki d6, nOog can ban rilllt trinhdOtOlglolevdInhang",11cdOkhoIenhaud'm6itlng1"1>nh4ndAn,bIJI't

lUOn md quy IW &Inh pM ngBy cGng '" 11ft vWlg eGo cd, 00_ tIfp tyc kMrlI cbr tUng IiGn {IIa bang bqn '" On 191 ch<\ pbti hlen vii pb4 .0. nbI'lu C<I IIIl 110\ t\\JA'n cUa ta trong Illng <IIch, k6t h\fP &(y mtnh chIfD djch ttl' '*'" dltt cOni III'i la "tilt nud!: Mt cA" dlI' lam phong tr1lo dtu tmnh chlDh trj cUa quan ooUng bI nUng tbr. Nim 1958 III DIm kho khGn nbfi cUa eAch Dl\Uli mllIn Nam. DI tto khI tht' cho phong tr1lo ehlnh trj cUa quan ehllng vii dI gtJII quyfi; ph'On n1lo nhill1g kh6 khAn vii btu cln, trang ill cho 11Jll IUl;lng ...:I trang dang d.., xlI;y d1/Dg Dh6m nbO, XIl I\:r Nam qua HQI nghl !'On th.r m, dA quyfi; th4ng IqI 06 DbJ.'tu j ngbla III trtn dlinh chl khu Dllu TilfDg (th8ng 8-19158). B9n elm quyl!n Ie baing III qnAo Vlft dA vii Nom. nhlfng SOl .hUIl cO chlm si milln me cbl co qnAo du klch mIlIn Nom elmb dOn c8nh c8o; th1Jll ttl' nlIY ngoy ccr quan nflhiGn cdu qnAo .tI cUa My <l' mIlIn Nam. khI dA'n xem th1Jll <II .. cang phil cOng nbtn. cae tr$n VIl trang phtn h\fP Dh1.t _ dA 06 lAc dtplg 18m "dOn xeo' cho phong tr1lo cblnl! trl. !1Ong chi IA Du4n, trong lAc pbAm "D1l clfllllg eAch Dl\Uli mIlIn Nom' villi: th.mg dA chi ra phlfllllg ph.6p eAch m\llti 'd4U tmnh cblnh trI k6t h{1p d4U tnmh va trang"; ..... nlIY, Irong tbtt "GUI Anh MI.WI Cdc va edc 4Ilng chi Nam Il¢' (7·2-1961). 4Ilng cbl dA ph.6n tleh r6 "Con d\l!Jng IUn IGn cUa edch m\llti mIlIn Nom khOng tlrn b1lDh bllng edch trlfOng k$' d4U tnmh v(I trang, Illy nOng thOn baa vAy' th.6nb thl. tlrn Ian dUng 11Jll IlfQng qnAo IJIf {liS! phOng Mt nud!:... me di thea con d_1I cJc. Vi;!t Nom, nllMa l<I 06 kh41 "liMa ph;n, ?: '"1 I • vii eblob 08ch h.6n nud!: cUa bII III NIIO 9IDh Di$nl·... Con d\l!Jng pbM triln 00 bin .. eAch """" mllIn Nam III kMI ngbIa gl8Dh cblob quyl!n -.l tay IlhGn dan. .. BdI: Dl\Ulb quan chtln& d..... vito 11Jll IUI;Ing cblnb J;t1 cUa quan chUng II cbIl yA'u, kft. h{1p vdI 11Jll lUl;lng VIl lrang dI dAM &I th6'ng trj cUa 4A' qu6c vii phong klA'n, d1/ll8' cblDh eAch Dl\Uli cUa IlhGn elm', "Trung WIlg ebo kMI ngbla gi1lDh chlDh quylln·. Tin dO 4em dA'n kMp mllIn Nam mOt nllim h.6n boan chUll tL1IIg 06. ClIo dAM ml)t tr$n tb/51 dl)ng dlI' b6 tn;I eho to1ln mIlIn Nom 4Ilng I.,.t kMI nghl. giImb ehiDh quym,. XIl' Uy dA eh4'p thutn pblfllllg lin dAM eGo cd Tua Hal (TlI;y NInh). Cbim th4ni Tua Hal' th1Jll Stf dA tto t!I1Iu klto tbutn Iq! eho phong tr1lo dllng kMI <l' Nam dlIu DIm 1960. GIan nilm 1960, XIl' I\:r hQp HOI ngbj !'On tbd V, bI;y gJ.:r dA 06 ddn Vi tW trung q'IJ IW tilu dolm vii dA cO vWlg can OIl, vWlg gtJII ph6ng rOng· ilA'n cutn _ 1960, nh.6n dan vii 11Jll IUI;Ing edcb Dl\Uli dA gtJII phOng m(It nda slf lIA to1ln nrl!n Nam. m(It coo tr1lo eAch m\llti tbft Stf xufi hlfn. SI,! pb4t triln nMy v¢ cUa CIlch mIlD' ytu elIu phil 06 ml)t bIoh tblll: td cMc cOn, kbeI t$p h\fP IO!I' IU'Qng yGu nud!: to1ln mll1n Nom dttdi ml)t ngQn eb duy nhrt, cbung quanb ml)t ch1.ldng trlDh b1lDh dl)ng ey. thl. Ng1ly 20-12-1960, 191 xii TGn Lfp, huytn CbGu Th8nh th* vWlg gill! phOng TlI;y Ninh, 11,1 bi;!u c8c glal Cil'p. edc dan cae tIIn gilIo va elle dang phil dA hllP D9I vii thllnh Mtt trtn Dan * gilll ph6ng m!ln Nam Vitt N ...... Mtt 1. 1.6 !:'AM: ThfIm Nwn. NX8 -.. ........ 1_. 1r.31-32. 2. TIJIII, Hal cGh ny Nlnh $lim iii htu w c:Ua au doln bO tinit 13, bt ;..c 'J6 Iran; cacit tI4n oemg 26-1·1960.

) tr - 4111!1 20 CItJNG MOT B6NG cO Do nhu cllu eAch Dl\Ulg, trong chUng m1Jll nAo cIO phil 06 11Jll lUl;lng VIl trang dA h3 tn;I cho dtu tranh chlnh Irl vii tirn WI ..... n8y dimg n6 dA dlinh &I My • Difm'· Nflhi quyft cw. HOi nflhl XIl' dy Il!.n thll II dA gtJII !tie m(lt pbl!.n n3I day dll't bAn khaln cUa em bQ. chim 01. a nrl'On DOns. ml'On TlI;y. mO$, 06 .s.m vi nhO d.., thAnh IW glIm hinh, <Itc cOn" trIIlh .at, boG<: ........ daIIh gIlIo phil nhit TIIu <loAn 91nh Unh. D¢ dOl 12 BlDh Xuyen, dOl 'TrAm nhL1llg td VIl tnmg tli .. cUa TlI;y Dlu2hg ti4u dOl til .. cUa L1Gn khu II .• , MOt 06 tr$n pb4l h\fP vdI danh ngblo 11Jll IUl;lng Blnh XU74n dA 06 lAc d.,mg cUng c{l d.., can cd nrl'On DOng Nam nhlf tr$n t6n c6ng TrQl Be DiGn HIle, ccr IIIl khaI tb'c sa cUa 'Mn Lf XnAo. Tbf nh.mg trong ngbj quylll: cUa Xd I\:r IDll'e dl) "bfO 11Jll edch Dl\Ulg" .s.., ... '" chUll ro, va, do .hUIl 06 nghl qu,yft cUa Trung UIIII& cho ... td chili: vii bO\It *' VIl tnmg cOn "'" chr. chi ehll yfu dl tli .. vii ...:I tnmg tru,b &lI;y dij:bg ccr rKi, Trang hie do. IlhL1IIg !tho khGn vii tnmg bl ccr IIIl 'ftt cb.4\, 1$1 olin cho 11Jll Ilf\Illg ...:I tnmg chUli 06 emu kleo khko pb...... 00" mtnh d(m &lI;y d1/Dg edc 10\11 vWlg eGo cd Yllng chk, edc 16m pM 'Um qp cO bO\It *' ...:I trang ph6l h{1p dA hf 'IV tb6 bqn '" On. QuAD djch thI tnmg bI • ttn ....,. lUOnmdquyIW&InhpMngBycGng'"11ftvWlgeGocd00tIfptyckMrlI , '---------- CltJNG M¢T BONG cO 21 c/In ell t1lo. 06 clUln tmn" du klch, rill litn Un tIng kh41 nghIG, ehll yfu dUng l1Jll lUl;lng cblnh trl 06 phtn h{1p v"; 11Jll lUI;Ing va trang dI glanh eblnh vii tay nh.6n dAn. il day, 11Jll IIJI1ng chlDh trI d6ng val tr6 ebinh. 06 .tI them g!a cw. l1Jll hlI\Ing ...:I trang va dA'u tmnh ...:I trang trong m(lt mite nh.6t <ltnh·.. Vl tbA' ta ' _ dOac kh.6I dA'u tranh tbeo 'dlllJng 1/51 hl>o blob'. CbUng ta quan n1.... r6 ring '. phil tlA'n tdi .tohdI "liMa '*'11 l/ll! bJVng chin" tri 10 cIIinA, cO I/II! lJl1lng va -. pMJ Iu/p, /7'1" "" II.t do4n W't 10M d4n """" Mil II1n d4n I(lc Wfng Mdt, m4 nlm{J c6t l<I "'''II . """II -bini> iii" hi,p·l. dWlll chU yfu cIO cUa d\l!Jng k!l eAch Dl\Ulg m!ln Nam dA duI1c dang chl IA Du4n ph8c th8o, d\I9C nflhl Ban chA'p h.6nb Tnmg lfllIIg I)8ng !'On thll' 111 (kh60 ill) holm chlnh vii n.mg ClIO vito dlIu DIm 1969. TMng 9-1969. dcGn 11,1 XIl' I\:r Nom Il¢ dtf HOI ngbj Tnmg lfllIIg !'On tb.r 111 vii dA'n Nom XIl' dy hQp Hl)i ngbj lin th.r IV. Th.6ng 10 vii 11 elle <Ita ph1.tCl>. mIlIn Nam dA d.., trlln khaI Nghl qu,yft Tnmg Utmg vii <fA ra kf """'" td chili: tb1Jll hit" ... Nghl quyft. villi:: 'Iqc ph81 dUng nhill1g thll d"", tan lie va Illit blP :do qU)1t, ehlnh lIlI'ln Nom vAn khOng xlI;y dl/Di 4.., m(It C<I .a lIA hOi rl)ng r6I vii ..:Ing eM<:, tril lfl, dOng d80 edc tl!.ng lap IlhGn dAn a nrllln Nam ngBy .g d4U tmnh kiOn quyft. cb6ng ... chlDh a8cb ..mp nme cUa III qu6c viieblob08chh6nnud!:cUabIIIIINIIO9IDhDi$nl·"Cond\l!JngpbMtriln00

IIU trsnh anh dIlng cb6ng cM d() tan bto cUa M:f - Dlfm. oiling biIo to millD "'am cOng c6 "M$t Ir$n dan t()c gli! phOng" vdI cbmlng trinh .... d()nt thllR tb1/I' ft phil h{1p vll! nguytn "9'lII cb1nh ddng cUa nhAn' d&n. Do d6, as thl dolm rlinc IIbng bIlo mJltn Nom nhi\l; dlnh se thilng 1<;11, nU\lie nhil nhill; dinh se tMng nh.IR, Nam - Bile nhill; dlnh se sum h9P milt nbA", • • • Ta' thilnh 1$1' M$! Ir$n DAn t()c giali phOOg mlltn Nam Vltt Nam d€n ngily toIln thAng 30-4.1975 Iii cl$>g dl1l1og 15 Dlim 'dAnh cbo 149 cUt, dlinb cho nwy nhao', BI€t boo thllng tr'llm dB diAn ra trong thlli gion *Y, va dA c6 Will; boo 8I'lh hUng, 11$1 .i vi nguIJi dan binh tbl1l1ng di ngil :ru6ng con dl1l1og ti€n Mn d()c 1$1', t" do, tb6ng nhi\l; nU\lie nhli. Nl!Qn eo) M$t tr$n DAn t()c glli! ph6ng IlIibn Nam dU>;tc chi€n _, vi nhAn dan Nam ttf;mg nhlt bilu tu\;lng ow. chfnh nl!QD ci} TI5 qu6c Vitt Nam duy nhA't, dUll! ." IAnh d\!o duy nhi\l; cUa Dang CQng .an Vi9t Nam, klrong thl khic dt1l;Ic, vi 'NU\lie VIti; N am la milt, dan t()c Nom iii milt. SOng c6 thi C(ID, mli 00 tM mon, song chAn IY dO klrong boo gilJ thay diS,', Llch .Il ew. Mtt Ir$n DLIn t()c gW phOng Nam III lich II1l milt f,iai dC(ID h{1p thLlnh cUa toIln bQ Ilch .Il dLln t()c, qu6c gia. Sll' cUa Mtt tr$n lil ttl' hqp II,fc 1lfl,Ing nhAn dLln Nam, vdl "" chi ow. milln Bile, hoLln thAnh phM cOn l'li cUa euQc c8ch mljDg dan t()c dan chll , MIt t+r D&n * giN pht71g mJIn ,.,. \fiIIt NBnI, NX8 SV tbk Hk 1981, tr.f. 2 Mlt I7fn d& a.>e gill ph6ng m6J NI#tt Nan, Nxt> sv 'fHIit. .... 1961, tr,t3. 3. 14 CN Minh: va U/It IfIn £l&'r ., m6lg ¥thAt, NXB Sv th$I:, Al N6i, 1'91'2, tr.92. JUlIn lUIIn ghI oM "" gldp <It! tinh th)n .. ..t ella cUa cae nlttl<: x4 b(II chtl nghla, iii cb6 .. cUa M$t Ir$n phwng d19n <I<'lI 1lgOfI. Dtftmg cu()c chifn diu npm cI1I1ng vi "" by alnh cao cpzj cUa nh8n dan milln Nam, cw. nhAn dan oS nU\lie to vila, 111m Buy yt'u chd nghIa dlf qu& qu6c II, _ trI,fc tidp t\IO <IIl!u 1d9n cho dan t()c d1.ll;ll: bOa blnh plult triA ... Mill tulIng tile iIY b4t ngulIn ttl chlnh ngilia vi silo cUa cIlch ""'" mJb Nam mil Mtt tr$n DAn t()c gli! plWng bliu. M$t Ir$n DAn t()c glli! pb6ng mibn Nam cUDg 21 nllm diu tranh ch6ng M)' cdU nU\lie cho phop chUng fa nit ra nhilDg k6t It.... gI phil hqp vdl thl,1l: II xAy d\Sllg dIR nU\lie chUng fa trnng bill o8nh th€ gld! hitn nsy? Ia, cu()c Uu trsnh eMng M)' cdo nlttl<: kif thira toin bQ "" ngbltp va truyb the'ng d\Sllg nUde .. gi.:l nU\lie cUa Ong eM fa mi InI" tilfp la cu()c khllng cb1€n ch6ng thl,fc dAn Phap 1945-1954, vila dug >1lu clIu dAn t()c, vila gii! dill' dOl hOi cUa thM d!ll: xOa ebU nghIa thl,fc dAn, oS cll, oS md!, 111m tib glali phOng con Ilg\1'01 khai tnli buQc dI trinh dQ pMt triln kinh II, x4 hOI cau, Wn con .tueng V\li:tn d€n t" do dieh th...,. Mtt Ir$n DAn t()c th6ng nhill; trong ChMg 149 cdo nU\lie la M$t Ir$n DAn t()c giali ph6ng mJbn Nem Vltt Nom • chfnh la nl!QD cit t$p h{1p 11,11: It1\IIlg, vi d" 19i feh cUB m.3i tlng Idp xii khlie nhau, song dbu tb6ng nbAt co .& d()c Itp dan tQc. Co tM' n6! vAn cit! dan t()c III vAn cit! tnmg lAm cw. euQc diu tranh IdLln cI1I1ng bill; khuill; cUa nhAn dAn' to trong cae chang dll""g dll. qua. Chfnh ding cue glal dp cOng nhAn chi e6 thi huy dOng dm;rc 11,11: lU\tllg dAn t()c khl chinh mlnh "Ira thllnh dAn t()c", • __ At •

) "".,- - ------ 22 CHJNG M¢T e6NG CO 'r$n cit! ra tu>1ln ngOn. vA chlAAlg trinh hAnh 10 dlim vdI n(ll dung: "PhAI hila blnh! PMl d()c I$p! PhAJ dan cbtll PhAI rom no, 010 1m I PhAI bOa blnh th6'ng .. bAt TiS qu6c!"l, llIi Uu l!Qi coo Mtt Ir$n as d.." vltt: 'Till; oS bay dtlhg lan, till; oS hAy dolm ktt HAy _itt cl$ hAng ngU dl chl€n tIlu dUll! DI!QD eo) cUa Mtt Ir$n DAn t()c gilll plWng &lnh dl5 8clJ th6'ng trI cda til qu(IiolU)' .. NjJ6 Blnh IJitm.2, M()t Uy bon Tnmg IAAlg Mtt Ir$n _ bl.., gl!m nbau nhAn ott _ hl4u, 14$! Ir$n quy€t dlnh chqn eo) ndB unb DdB dO gllllI as __ g nIID .anh .a bill 'GlaIi plWng miltn Nam' cUa Hutnh MInh SI6ng 111m cb .. biI ca .hlnh thU'c coo M$t Ir$n. cae tIS chilo cllinh trI. thAnh cUa M$t Ir$n dO plult triin nhanh cb6ng. nhll HOI Lao d()ng gili! "lWng, HOI LI'n bit!> 8Inh vi." il9C alnh, HOI NhIt gIoIo _u nU\lie, HOi Ph.,. D.:I gI&l ph6ng. HQI NhIt bolo J1!u DU\lie .. &In cbd, MOl Nhao, agu01 ClIng gi80 kinh Chua J1!u nU\lie, H¢I L.... HOa Ph$! til' milln Nom, DAng X4 b(II cap ti€n cda tri thdo J1!u nU\lie, DBng DAn cbtl milln Nam cola ttl .an dAnt()c. mbag mQt Till; Tan 8du (15-2-1961), c8e II,fc lut;tIIi ...:I trang c8clJ _g th6'ng nhi\l; thAnh QUIln Glli! pbtIng milln Nom. Ddnh gla c8e SOl !<In nAy, Bole HlI diI n6!: "MOt Mtt Ir$n cUa nhAn Mn do.m ktt cb$t chi! r()ng rlil Is milt II,fc till; th8og. Hitn nay trang cu()c IIUtrsnhanhdIlngcb6'ngcMd()tanbtocUaM:f- DlfmoilingbiIoto"millD '-- CH:JNG MOT e6NG CO 23 hl$n 00 thd cblnh cUa Mtt Ir$n III d€ qu6c My va toy sal va blnh thll'c diu tranh chu y€u Ia klft hqp ehinh Irl va quAD 811, blnh v$n thOng qua milt cu()c ehi€n tranh dai ding, lie mil oS bs vUng chiol'n Im;rc n)ng nu;, nOng tMn dllng bllng .. dt) thj dbu cUDg ti€n ct)ng dich, DIfdi nl!Qn cit dsp ngills clla Mtt Ir$n. th80 dl1l1og IOl cw. Ding C()ng ..... Vi9t Nam do Bic Hb Wi Tnmg IAAlg Dang ..,eh...... nhAn dan milID Nam diI ..... g t\IO phlAAlg phap d4'u tranh muOn hlnh "IIbIA vi, viii nhltt Ilnh J1!u nlttl<: C80 dQ, vttQt muon !rUng thll thich <Ii v1! d€n dlch. CO 16 rill; It phong trao gii! ph6ng dAn t()c trong tht'li chUng ts l'li d1.ll;ll: "" dlIn, Ilnh, h6 tr<T r()ng rill, cUa nh8n dan thol' pdt nhll phon, tHo gloll ph6ng mIlIn Nam, nhill; 1a "" dlIng tlnh, h6 tr<T ngay b!l s80 huytt cw. kIl giIy cbI€n. KhOng cbl nhAn dan th€ gllIi do.m kft vdI nh8n dan mibn Nam, nhAn dAn Vltt Nam mil mOt s6 cb1nh phd, milt s6 gI<l! chinh trl d milt .6' nlttl<: chUll phAI x4 hQl ehU nghia diI c6 tIuIi d() tbltn .am vdI M$t Ir$n DAn t()c giali phOOg mibn Nam ""'" de dtt _ chinh s8clJ cUa 149- M,t tr$n DAn t()c giii phOOg miltn Nrun diI lea tbAnh ca mQt phong tHo nhAn dan th€ gill! 'ri hOa blnh va cOng IY • n61 nhlt thl cang kMng as gI qua &iI:\g. M.tc dil hit" nay hi) _ cUa tM gIilI dA tIpn tht'Ii blifn ddi, chUng fa vAn JUlIlUIIghIoM""ld<It!tihh)tllcUacaelttl<4b(IIchtl

gQg, gdn b6 vdi quID chUng, blAl pbfto !feb chlnh Dc th\tC tI6n Idnh ill' • xil chi to con dUI)ng va cO ngb9 thutt Ihh dfo, chi dfo d4'u tranb, xit Ij <lUng 4l!n eSc ..... ella tblli <bp; dO 110 pbtfnt chlt va ngbl 11/1' cUa <101 ng(! olin b<) cw. DOng dAm <l1lllg " dlIu sOng nmm gl6 nh.:mg Ille gion nguy, y6u thl1l1ng quy tr.;mg con ngWi, dtlm d thlin vi h,nh phlle con DgI:Il)I, '10 trlf&: ea! 10 thifn h\I, vuI 88U ea! vuI thlAn s/lhg Irong ""'h, tbu ph .... dU\fC bang trifu qwl tim kh'" 6c vi 81/ ehfnh nghTa. Cac bAi bQC d6, trang glaJ dO(ln Dtlz>g cb! coo gill nguyb gbi trI, vi Mti trong tblli kbling chl6n cUng nhlt mng x4y dyng vii bio Ttl quO(; chI tbt,lC 81/ thi hlfn dU\1C &<k cUa khtll dtl <loan k6t toiln dan khi cO Dang llinh d,o, c6 tri tuf cUa du'1rng 161 chd tn1l1ng. cblnh s8cb, cO nb gUtlng d thlin ella dOl ng(!. Cblnh dlfn Diog, ddi mdi DOng thee tit tltdng B8c Hll trong dllu "*' Dang cbJ quylon eblnb III 1$0 fX1 sa cho 141 t$ huy dOng sde ",."h cw. db tb\tC hlfn Cttt1ng I!nh Cbl6n 1U\1C clla DOng ra d' DIP hOi vn. I ::------- c. , " 20 DIm. SO nllm dA qua. Bi6t: b80 'tbQy ddl. .. Tb€ mil nb.:h:lg iI;Y vii Bac HlI, Bac Hll vdi milIn Nam. vdi Mtt Diln t(le gi81 pb6ng cilng ngAm chg dAm thllm! Ca mQt tAin lOng tr.;m "",n Bac Hll thea d61 tilng blf&: ell IAn ow. mIlD Nam. Cil mOt tinh ctIm trAn dlIy. Nam lin b$n chUB dU\1C d6n Bac. TII'm lOng va tinh ctIm II'y dA tra tbAnh tblhg Ufog. Nbc! hlIi DIm 1957. 88U· hl1n 50 nllm x. each. B4c m vii thtIm qn6 hltl1ng An Iln dlIu. Bac d6n tbtlm ca Thanh H6s, IU 'I'lnh, Quang Blnh va cbl d6n dID1c £Jlmg Hdi. hltdng vA m1b Nam. D€n euOi DIm 'Yo dOm cbi! nMt 16-6-1957. trung vdi d!m 19-5 mnh D.tu. trAng to. trlli dll.y sao. .6ng biln x/l Iinh trbg vfto bIr ill! lIP kio dai ra "" nhlt dila g1.:h:l. M'y al bitt d\ll1C trang khung CIInb 1I'y, ng'ai trb bBi billn Nh$t Bac Hll ttIm tlnh vdl chUng t61 nhlt dang ttIm !lnh cbl1ng ciI vdI 401lg chi. dlIng baa mlln Nsm NOt thit . ... Mlnh sinh ra d' xd as di tim du'1rng ctlU nltde tit bll'n Nba Rang. Qua Phap. qua Ngs, qua Trung Qu&. cO hie dl!'n ciI s6 mtCtc d' Cbb Phi, Ch4u My. ChAu Au. Tb6 mil dAm nay mdl vao tdI D!lng Hdi. chUB vl! dU\1C vdi Nsm. M, mJI't d' Hul!'. Mt} Cbs d' Coo LAnh. QuO m1nh th\tC sl/ k'o dai ciI d6t nUtk. Minh tI/ cho 110 d4 d! d6n nol nbUIIg chua vl! d6n chll'n ... 1, hr kj ritng cia, Chii Tjcl\. "guy'n d6I; If"" bAoo 'lMQ HieI Chi Minh_

) 24 CtfJNG "":>T B6NG 00 Hoi Id, vlfn dan ph8l di chung dOOg vdl dan ch1l, hOa blnh thq nhAl iI4l nit&:, gjIn vdi my<: tlW "vi tl/ do va h,nh phUc' nhlt Bac Hll d4 Dc djnh \rong tl6u ow. eM dO khl tuyAn M d(le &aU Cach _ thmg T6m: DOc 18> - TIl do - ffilnh phlle. Thl/l' eMt d6 la nOl dung cUa xu th6 thlli cIfI, v.- till tl6n b<) x4 thea con cMIng x4 hOi oM nghla nhlt Dmlg ta dA dlnh. Bo Iil, vito hlnh thftnh 14t trtn, lltil1ng ClIO n89D eft dan t(Ic thl bl", bin liDb chlnh trI ew. dOng IAoh dfo mng nMng lIal ""'" glon ....., nh.4l; cUa d4l; ,...,.,: KlAn dlnb I'" cblnh trI, tRmg thiII rAl d4Io mng o8ch IlfI,I<; ell ClIO dQ bQn ngllan cO hifu chi6n. !bAm ... belt thu, pbat huy sdt: ",."h ala ca thill dtl <l1lllg vii phi. chlnh nghla cUa m1nb, va vdi ttil1ng qwm 11/1> II1!1Ilg dol, dAM thlIng dU\1C 1m thi! m""h bl1n m1nh g(p b<)I quAD sl/. Mn. Id, con dUllng d! din thling iq! la cute tnl!!ng ehinh CI/C kji JIan khIl, 'kbOng e6 vbng nguytt quA' nfto ta Wn trill I'tl\ xuong". N61 eScb kh8c, thlIng It,lI la k6t qua ew. sde bl chlu dt,mg glen khd, by sinh, kg CII nhang tbAl btl i<ml thill, nhang Ille thOl!! traa va blA rut ra Idnh nghlfm tiJ nhIlllg sal llIm, khuyft dl4m cw. bOn thAn pbong trao tr<lng t1lhg hie. Ndm Iil, t6' I4nh <I"" cUa Dling la "'>1t dtll clln thlAl vi kMng cO dUI)ng 161 eScb m\IDg va pblil1ng ph8p c8ch _ do Dmlg tlb phong dll rs, tbl khbng th& cO thlIng IQ'I. Val tro Ihh dfo cUa Dmlg th\tC cbAl Il &11 DIl Iii tri tut, blA ) . £DIJ T.J£D DO OIl MIND 11'0. M..J.T TR,N DAN· T(t£ GIM PDONG JIIEN NAM VI*T NAM I'ii xtt 20DImSOnllmdAqua r 25

dlIng tnlnb sAp tranb du\1c thAng I¢ cwlI .ung. Ca bQl cho dan t¢c ta gi8l pb6ng cbl d trong m{\t .- bote .-rtJIlI no1li. Tb/JI glaD rft pp. TIl pbllJ lam nbanh! ... RGi &l'n th6ng 12-1944. khI chI tht tlu\nb Vlft Nam Tuytn truylIn glllJ phOng quAn. B8c Hll cO m{\t dol Ii.., mll mAl dfn nhd'ng .- 60, sau 16, 16 nAm, chUng ta mdl hi4!u r6. DO 18: Vift Nom Tuytn gjM ph6ng quAIl Ille dlIu quy mil can nM nhlhlg tllIn dlI "'t vtl vang, lA khdi \II4'm cUe gi8l ph6ng quAn, co thl di su6t tit Nam chI HAc. khlp d4t no.n!c Vitt Nom. .. . Tit thOng 12-1960, Mft trOn DAn t¢c glllJ pbo", mIlin Nam Vift Nam cblnh tMe dlim nhlfm val tm Ilcb .ot vdI dan t¢c. HAc Hll chti Y thea d6i td'ng bo.n!c di d qua trinb pbat trltln cw. MGt tr$n. d\lng vilIn kjp thlrl quAIl va dan mIlin Nom <ll>t dltqc nhd'ng cbifn tbAng vtl VIlllg. al gOp phlln vdI H{li dlIng ttp ttp .1Ich vll 1ich Bot MGt trOn Dan t¢c gjllJ pMng mil!n Nam Vltt Nom. Bilo tang Hll ChI Minh e6 trOOh nhlOm nhAn dip nay cung c€p m¢t e6 bUt tfch va blnb IIoh cUa B8c Hll klnh cw. chUng ta vdl trOn Dan t¢c gitIl pbOng dl dlIng bBo. dlIng cbi mil!n Nam tl'liC tlfp XAm va nghiEln cUll. B8c Hll rill tin tltOng nhAn dan mil!n Nom doan klI't chi!t cbe, cbU,n dlfu anh d']ng nhll\ dtnh ell thAng IQl. Nhlhlg B8c vAn tMy clln tbli!l; Uu I!I'i BIf Ung b¢ quO<: til. "HOm n,,¥ 20·12 ngay kj 3 .- ngay thbnb Ifp trtn Dan t¢c gH11 phOng Nom VI\\t Nom ..... ChUng t. hay cung d9C kj bin thllo villt tay ew. Bile tMng 12·1963 fy; ehU Ii 1 , < wI!!, Boo Hll di bAt dl!u ohInh thdl:! vilt biln Di chile llch ml mll cbling ta nguy9n ghi nbd mili mAl d lam tb .... f; =4, ta:a:

) 26 CHJNCl M¢T B6NG cO Gio biiin nbe sOng rl rae nhlt dang chuy4n tAm tlnh cw. B8c vb Nom. ChUng ta co tM hifu III tit clmg Sill GOn, nll!1<ri thanh cnn cw. &l't nttl!c dii di nhillu nd!. Bn\lt d\lng a PMp tham gift .ang Dang C¢ng 81m. HOIIt a Ngs tham gla cae d'll h¢l qu& ta'. RlII mang Iinh IIIing cw. chu nghla M8c-lAnin .ung vdI nghilln ngim Dbtlng hQc EIODg d 11 tlu\nh hill trong Ilch ml Vitt Nam vll gjllJ phOng dan t¢c, mang lI,Il d¢C Ifp til do cho no.n!c nba. Nhlt tM III di di d4fu nat. Thoo U» hU!u chlta vll dfn chIlD y mwlh mIl .bUII vlI tdi miliD Nam cw. chUng ta d6. Tit lbng Dltde chan chinh, V\lng tin d nhAn dan, vd! klnh nghitm bOllt d'{lng each """g phong phil, vd! nbin chInh tri xa rOn& Boo Hll ds cO nbd'ng nhfn dlnh :uIc cI8ng vl "., ph8t triln cUa dan t¢C. KIll cbo mat biln bai Itch ml no.n!c ta vao thOng 2-1942 d Cao Bins. N&UI'I ehti tblch: 1945 Vift Nom d¢C ifp. • Trang tblt g\II dlInll bBo toan qu& thling 1()"1944, !lin dl!u kj tan Hll ChI Minh. NgIt/ri. 1\11 khAng dinh: '" Pb. xAm hIQe gIIn dfn bl tlO\1 111ft. Clie no.n!c dlIngtnlnbsAptranbdu\1cthAngI¢cwlIungCabQlchodant¢ctagi8lpb6ng 1 '1-- _ ..... CIiJNG M¢T B6NG co 27 y nbd'ng eM tMm b<lt, d' 4uqc hltOng cBi giAy phtit thlmg liAng ngN Mn bim vita nghl vita vii!l; v1l miln Nam ... Tlfp dAy nile la bdl:! thlt difn hel trang dinh may d1f thao g\II Chu tiob H1l\I 'l'b? 'thAng 12 ollm 1960. Clleh li1m ,,* cw. Boo Hll mill miil Il tAin gIt<lDg cbo m& ngIt/JI cbUng ta c6 &fog b90 tOP vl 1i1m thao. SOng ng8y 10 thAng 12 nAm B8c him VAn pMng nhAc bAn Ban Tuytn huil'n dol thIIo cbUe ",.tog trtn DAn t¢c glllJ phOng milln Nom Vltt Nam. Chlllu ng/ly 13 Boo ngl)l eilD, ibI bBo dllnb may gill ct!c anb B¢ Chfnh ttl va ghl 1'6: NM cbo y klfn rbI gill I'll ngay. DUng 2 gill rtJIlI chlJu thd nAm 16 thllng 12, Bac cUng dlIng chi T6 Ht1u ella Illn cuOl. T«t ca nhd'ng Y klfn cw. ct!c dlIng cbl B¢ Chinb trj g\II I'll cfI!u d\tQC hi! sung vao bin chlnh thu.:. Bt!c VAn pbbng cho 4l9n ngay nhltng ngay 19 md! cOng b6 ca hel mlJn. Va 7 gill un ngay 19, Chll tjeb m CbI Minh rAt vui. dfn b¢i tnmng & mnh dol mIt tlnb kj san Nh.An DAn vii cae boo it '1M dt'I m ng/Iy 2Q..12-1966 dang trang trQllg tr6n trang dlln. Cllng nAm .- 1965, cbling ta nh" r6 nhAn dip ky ngay sinh 75 wI!!BooHlldibAtdl!uohInhthdl:!viltbilnDichilellchmlmllcblingtang9n

.... CHUNG MOT BOOa CO 29 , , , , . BUT TICH CUA HO CHU TICH At v At At At' .. • VE ~T TR~N DAN TQC GIAJ PHONG MIEN NAIl YIET NAM (COng b6 lin diu tien) •

30 CHJNG MOT OONG cO BAN THlJYkr MINH BUT 'riCH CUA HO COO TICH • Hom nay 20·12 la ngay kY ni~m 3 nam ngay thimh l~p Mit , , tr~ dim t9c giM phOng mien Nam Vi~t Nam. Chimg nhUng nhim dim cli. mrac Vi~t Nam tung bimg kY ni~m bang ddu tranh va lao dQng, ma thl1c hi~n nghi quy~t ella hQi nghi Cong doan qu5c ~, ir cae mr6'c xii hQi ehU nghia anh ... va ir nhi~u nl.lac tren th~ gim ciing W chue tuk l~ Ung hQ dang bao mi~n Nam chUng tOi. Do 811 doan k~t nhdt trf va ehi~n ddu anh diing ella minh va 811 nhi~t tinh Ung hQ ella nhim dim yeu chuQng chinh nghia va hOa blnh tren th~ gim, nhim dim mi~n Nam Vi~t Nam nhdt dtnh ae thang lvi, d~ qu~e My va bQl1 tay sai nhdt dinh se thdt b~. B~ gi8.i quy~ van d~ mi~n Nam Vi~t Nam, d~ qu5c My phM rut khOi m do, va d~ nhim dim Vi~t Nam tv: giMquy~t 1dy cong vi~e nQi bQ ella nrlnh theo hi~p nshi GiO'-ne-vO' nam 1954. Nluin dtp nay, tOi xin thay mit nhim dim Vi~t Nam, gUo] 1m cam an nhim dim Lien XO va nhim dim cae nl.lae anh em, cimg nhim dan- th~ gim dang nhi~t li~t Ung hQ d5ng bao mi~n Nam chUngtOi. " , " ~-' . . ' J .•• .Jj . t

Luat SLf NGUYEN HUu THQ "'guylln ChU tlcn Ooan cn':' lien UBW Mal trim D"'GPMNVN, nguy~n Cnu lien Ht;>i dOng C6 van CP CML TCHMNVN, PHAM HUNG Ngu~n 61 IhLf Trung uung O!c milln Nam, nguy~n Uy viM 6CTBCHW Dimg Ct;>ng san VN "'~--'-- D~i lu6ng NGUY~N CHi THANH Nguyen Uy ViM BCT BCHW Dang COng san VN, VQ cHi CONG Nguyen Ph6 bl IhLf Trung uung C\lC mirln Narn, dlili di$n Dang NDCM Viet Nam Ircng Mal Irim, Ph6 chU lien Ooan em. lien UBTUMTDTGPMNVN D Vi~ aile mu Na, d'!! mil til, thj cO trj Tr< trj htJI 01· tOB d\lJ 1,

Nam, t trim INV~ Mc)T V AI Y KItN CHi D.~O cmtN LUqC s\f NGHI$P CH6NG MY COO NUdc COA D()NG cHi L~ Du1N 33 Dong chi L@ Du4n, c() T6ng Bi thll Ban chA'p htmh Trung U'!1ng Dang C¢ng san Vi~t Nam, Ie. m{lt hQC tro xuA't sAc cUa CM tich In) Chi Minh, m{lt lanh tl,l xuA't siic cua Dang tao DOl vdl Cach mlP1g ml~n Nam trong hal tMi kY ch()ng Pbap vii ch()ng My, tRtng chi c6 nhl~u sang ~o vdl tit each Ie. Bi tblt Xli' Uy, Bi thlt Trung Itang Cyc vii BaU d6, trong cU'!1ng vi T6ng Bi thlt, tRtng chi theo dO! vii chi d(lo sat sao cac chuy€n t!{lng cUa m!~ Nam. D?lng chi Yilt rA't nhi~u tBc ph4m v~ Cach mfPlg ml~n Nam. a t!Ay, chtlng tOI xin trich viii dolP1 ngAn, t6m tiit viii y chinh trong m{lt s6 bli'c thlt vii cOng trlnh cUa d?lng chi lA Du4n mil chtlng tOI thA'y CM tnte tilp phl,lC VV blP1 dQC "Chung m{lt b6ng cff'. 1. Tblt ~ ngay 07-2-1961 gU'i Xli' uy Nam B{I e6 dOfPl Yilt: • ... Trude hlt, tOI mu()n n61 ra thtm nhU'ng suy nghi v~ con dztiJnll. tiln Un cua Crich TfUl.ng mt!n Nam, Yi trude kia cling nhlt hl~n nay, tOl c6 trach nhi~m ~ dq.t Y kiln v~ vln dl! nAy. Khl cOn d ml~n Nam, trong nhU'ng 1M thao 11$1 ~ d\tOng 101 Cach mfPlg ml~n Nam vdl cBc d?lng chi, tOI dli nMn dinh rlng each mq.ng ml~n Nam khOng ti€n htmh bling cach tntimg kY dA'u tranh vii trang, liy nOng thOn bac vAy thAnh thi ... nul iii con dtUJng clla fa., nghia La. c6 kh4i nghia ~ phq,n. L@ c4n. ell dia, c6 chiln tranh du kich ,.:oi tiln len to"ng kh4i nghia, cM y€u dUng 11Ic Il.fI;1ng chinh trj c6 ph01 hqp vdl It,tc !ltqng vii trang d~ giAnh ehinh quylln vll tay nMn dAn ... Trong khl nhA'n mq,nh phU'!1ng hltd'ng ti@'n tm khOi nghia bling 11Ie tl.fl;1ng ehinh trj IA ehinh, co tllc Iltqng vii trang phOi hqp, tOI con n(\u y kiln phdi ndm vilng hrm nda vite .my dl/ng Lfle lfP/ng vIZ trang .. ."\ 2. R~ng v~ cu!Sc ddU tranh 11 eric thanh thi mt'en Nam, trong bd'e thlt ~ ngily 01-7-1967 gU'i Khu uy Sm Goo - Gia Djnh, tRtng chi lA Du4n dB ~ ~p m{lt clich toan dl~n v~ vi trl, life Iltqng cBch mlP1g, kMu hl.u va tel ehd'c diu tranh, lqi dl,lng mAu thuAn n{li b{I dieh va vA'n ~ tlKli ca. 1, I.b DuM: Tlill vii> NIlIfl. Nxb lilt ~ Ha ~. 1985. I •. 31-3:2,

Vl! val tro cw. gi4i tr! thrk, co do!m vi€t: 'HI'C sinh, sinh cac nbA khoa lye, nhlhtg ngm:rJ lAm van hl'C, ngM thu(lt, n6i chung la gl6I trf thll'c, cO dla Vi 'iii hQi quan trlmg trong cIIc tAng Idp nhlln dan thAnh thj, c6 8nh hlfllng dang kA dti vdi nillY qulin, nw quyl\n... Tntilc 0" xAm 1"'1<' tAn "'" va trang tn;tn cii.a d€ :pSo My, tinh lhAn dlln tQc cii.a tti tMc dlf\1C thole tlnh. Khi chlII'n tranh tro nan 11ft vii 6" ma't cOn cii.a dan tQc d.t TO thl Irong coo tAng Idp tn thll'c cO thll' c6 mQt bQ tntdt: hit 1& trong hl'C ainh, slnb viOn cUng vd\ cOng-nOng :rOng ra chli!'n da'u quylt lift vdi qulin thu .. : Vl! cOng t8c binh !JtIn. cO <1"", vilt: .... Chling 18 pbai dft cOng too blnh v." g&. v!lI cOng t8c dQng cOng nhOn, nOng dan, dOng thanb nlGn. ph,! "'1: phlU col blnh v." la mQt quan tl'\>og trong cOng t8c thAnh thl .. ,'. Khi n61 klufu hiru va M chrk ddU trrmh, <fOng chi LoI Dwi'n cho rlng: khOng chi nOu khiu truylIn: 'Chfnh quylln tay nhlln dan' m8 cbn pbai dUll r. nhtJng kMu hanh dOng nhlf: "tt{ do, Cd!n 110, hOa blnh, ruQng dA'I ... ". ,61 16m nay chUng ta clln nhAm van coo vll'n dlI bll'c xoo oMt vi! dan "nh, dan chU rna d'o ra kMu hanh dQng thich h\1P, c6 sole 101 cull'n. dOng ",An dOng dao qulin chUng da'u tranh, thOng qua d6, nang coo gioo ngQ chlnh trl 0':0 qulin chling, tr.nh tM uy dl/Dg vii pMt thl/O 11/0 eAch IDI/Dg, th&l Ijp dlfgt vii chuAn bl ti€n MI tOng kMi nghia .. ." LII D.An; Thu .., Nam, Nxb SV H; Nell. 198!. r .43 pg;e;",,; (I I thj, mu6n thAnh cOng thl qulin .., phlll giSnh dll'\1C tMng IQi Cf! boln, lAm cho qulin MY bl thltt hili 'i chi xAm Ilf\1C lung lay gtfc, lAm cho qulin ngyy bl IIGu ditf; mOt bQ ph." quan trl"'g di d€n tan rt khOng cOn khA nang pb"", hlll... ... Troog khl mAu thuiin nOI bO chling cling thOrn .. aile, hAng ngll k" tbit ngily cling phan h6a, chis re thl qulln chling cf! bIIn " thSnh thj cAng to TO quy€t tAm cOOh ml/Dg. coo tAng Idp trung glan ngily cling co colnl tinh v61 coob NhtJng dlI cbo khdl nghis ;; thlmh thi dil 06. .. Co kh. nang khiri nghi. il' thlmh thi sii ra trong mOt qui! trlnh u6l tiO'p nhau, cuQc khiri nghia tnt<lc tao cho cuQc khdl nghi. 88U .. ,". 3. NAm 1970. trong t8c pM'm "D/tIJi 16 c<r ve vane ella DOng. vi d!lc ttl do, vi ehrJ. "gMa .m h(Ji, til'n Itn lfiitnh nhillte tJu1nlf I¢ m4i", khl d'.l "p dll'n cooh milln Nam va tranh nhlln dan chll'ng My cU'u nltdc, dang chi LoI DuAn dli nhtJng net nal trong cuQc da'u trsnh cw. nhan dan Nom va xsc <!jnh phlfdl'lg phdp cach ml/Dg ;; milln Nom. Cu61 nAm 1959, dllu 1960, trWc Bt{ dan lip dll. man cii.a kt thit va tinh khclng hOOng nghlem tr9ng eUs chlnh quyl\n SId Gon il' nOng thOD, nOng dlln milln Nem dil "nO'i d4y khdi. nghfu timg pM./t, dI)p tan khAu ylSu nMt tTOng thll'ng eai trj cUa dich", Qua '<fOng khdl" phSi cO 51/ kit hllP hal hlnh thU'c da'u tranb chlnh trl V8 dlfu tranh qulin st{. Cooh ml/Dg Nom pMt trU!n thAnh mOt cu¢C chl€n tranh quyi!'t Iitt tbi val tro cw. dilU tranh qulin .., ngily cang tang. "Dd'u tronh qudn IMf.' /.Ij '...- . -.,----...

) 34 CHJNG BONG CO Philn dlIu bole thlf noi vi! Vf tr! cua thimh lhi tronlf ctich TnlJnlf Nam co dOfn vilt: •... Noi d€n cOng t8c thanh thj, trlfdc h€t pbai no trong toAn bQ cuQc da'u tr.nh va trong m6i quan gitla b • .ung chiG;, 1"'1<' ma chllng to dil ra. Trong khAng chJ€n cMng Phdp, cMng ta cang chia ba vilng: vilng can ctl', .ung du klch, vUng !{1m bj chi€ID vii dlI r. phlfOng' cham chltn thu(lt cbo mOi · ... ng. Ngily nay chia milln Nam thilnh ba vilng: rUng noll, nOng thOn dang ling, thilnh thj cOng nhlf vifo v." d\IDg phU\1ng cham kj'I, blIP dil'u tranh qulin "1 vdl. da'u tranh chinh trj " ma! vUng eIlu "em ltdt tntn qusn dlll'm chlrn ;1t<;Ic. VIl'n ell! nay khOng chi olin ctl' v80 II/c lU\;1ng 10 IIlinh gltla t. vii dlch " til'hg vilng', mil cbn xuA'i pMt ttl' m"", cooh m,ng, dQng IlfC cllch vA phlJ<1ng jluIp tlrn hAnh eAch m_ .. :'. Trong philn noi vi! IlfC UJvnlf ctich TnIJnlf d thanh tlti. O8U khi xoo djnh val to cw. mn minh cdng Mng Ihd hifn bllng sl/ pMi h\1P hAnh dQng gill. phong 12'00 cooh ""I"g thAnh thj vii nOng thOn, dang chi LoI Dwi'n dli nhJl'n ml/Dh val tro cw. thanh ni!n, phil n11, trl thole, blnh oi trong hAng ngU dlch, lrong IlfC hl(tng cooh ml/Dg " thAnh thi· DlIng chi rO: .... Chling t. nbin rAng mong coo tAng Idp lao dQng, thanh vii n!l' pbai chiu nMng Mu qui! cw. abiA'n tranh nJ! hdl'l al hit. Vi v$y thanh vii phil n11 cO val trO IOn IrGng cllch IDI/Dg .. : Cl-UNG BONG cO 35 Vl! M chU'c h<1P ll{C luvne, d6ng chi LoI Dwi'n IlfU yl " ... NhAm t$p h\1P dOng dao qulin chling, clln pMt trlAn to chole giao th&l dmli coo hlnh bi!!n tltdng rQng nli, tMt Jinh M c6 tM tlln 4U cOng khai holjc nils cOng khai, eli qulin chUng dA dang hlfang U'ng nhtJng kMu da'u tranh do 18 ell rs; thil'i d6 cOng 1ft <!Ii che gla'u coo 11/0 IU\;1ng nOng c6t cola ta h"",t dQng th* 1",1. . ." MQt vGil ell Idn 18 1(Ii dl,lng mdu tltulin n9i b(j dich d"'l<' <fOng chi LoI Dwi'n ell "p nhlf oau: " ... Hlfn nay mAu thuiin nQI bQ b9n th<l'ng trj va gitla coo phe pMI dang gay gjlt. Bitt IqI d\lng nhtJng m4u IhuAn d6, cMng ta khOng chi cO tM nhanh chOOg dy dl/Dg va BOO !fch d"'l<' 11/0 llf\1Cg cooh """II', rnA cbn tl!<> ra khll nang II/c cooh Mnh dQng val eSc tilng Idp trung glan, v!lI canh IS trong cOO ph. phw, coo to chU'c tOn gioo, v!lI csc nh6m Iy khai, holje trung I$p hOO mOt bO trong hang ngU dich. Lam nhlt thi! I .. tMc dAy nhanh .., tan ra trong nw quOn, nw tao thOrn thu(ln IQi d6 tii!'n hlmh tOng cOng Wch, Idng khdi nghla ... •. Cu6l bole thlt, khi nol van cfe thi1i cd, co d"", vii!'t: ' ... Chi€n tranh cllch rnl/Dg cw. nhan dan ta il' Nom vtl'a III chill'n trsnh chll'ng xAm hll;tc, vtl'a 18 nOI chle'n cllch ml/Dg. CuQc t6ng khdl nghla, nMt lil cae cuQc khiri nghia a tbAnh thjmu6'nthAnhcOngthlqulinphlllgiSnhdll'\1CtMngIQiCf!bolnlAmcho

chOm d11nh dlch ca ba vUng chilfn IIJ1;Ic la nel dao Irong phU'l:lng phap eUa each m\Ulg milm Natn; n6 dli dl1l;1C ra Ilt all t6'ng klfl va nllng ClIO nhUng k!nh ngh!fm eUa each m\Ulg Nam til tnt"" dlfn nay". TOm tlil nhang y trim. dbng chi U Duln lu+n' "KhiIi. nghEa timg ph1Jn, ddU tranh qudn 61/ ud chink II'! /lOng eong, /iln kilnh danh dich hdng ba mlIl tiln e"ng qudn 81/, chlnh II'! ud bink "!In. kli h{1J> kM! npia ella qulin ehUng VOl chiln tranh cOck dilnh dick llin ca ba vLing chi(n 1,* nhung net ndl b$1 nhlft ew. phuerng pMp each milln Ntml.· 4. Bu-c lhu gill Trung U'<1Ilg CIlC 14 gilt npy 1·4-1975 (IU-C m¢1 thang 1I1Mc ngay gilU ph6ng Nam). co dO\Ul vilt: ••.. Cach rnfng nli\lc fa dang ph.t vdi nhlp "m¢t ngily bling hai Iltl1dl Mm". Do ehlnh Irl dlnh: ChUng fa phS; n.!Im vIl'ng tM! ccr ehlln 111l;1C, quytil tAm thllC tOng tllfn cOng va n6i klft thUe tMng 1<;11 chien tranh giiil pMng lrong tMI glan ngin nMt. 'I'6t hern ci\ I. bllt va thUe trong tkllng tu nAm nay, khOng di!' chtro. Phill hlmh dOng "tblln t6c, tao hilt ngil". Phil; llllin cOng ngay lu. dlch hoang mang. suy sIlP. /rung 11fe luqng lun hern mI. vilo nhung 1;1lu ch" ylfu tren tlmg h<ftlng, trong lung hic. PMt huy sac monh CUB b. don chillin luge, kel hIT ti€n cOng va nO! d$Y, W ngold danh vao, tit trong dlinh ra. Tren tling hu<lng va trong tling tr4". phlU trung ll/c Iw;rng lip dao tieu dift gQn, lam tan ra nhanh qull.n d!ch; t*n dt,mg thOi ,," V8 l<;ti rna; ma don II€n c6ng, phlit trl6n IhAng 1<11 ..... .... -"" ... "-,,,.,,- ""-- ...

) ) 36 eKING M(ir OONG 00 hinh tht1c ddU tranh CI1 Ixln. cO t<fu drpag quyt/ dlnh In{< lifp trong ll/c ilb;1ng quan 01/ dlch va do dd. d(ip tan. m9i am nutU quan 61/ va chinh II'! coo chring" cilng vdi dl!'u Iranh quan sll. 'Mu tronh chlnh Irj coo qulin chring cUng Iii hinh thri'c ddit tratth "" /xln cO lac dqng quytl dink trong tal cd cOc tlWi ky phdt tne'n c,;" cOch m9ng Nam va vOl 61/ thiinh cOng cria cOch _g Nam' ... "Ddu lranh qudn alf, d6u tranh chlnh II'! /lOng song ill JUnh Ihri'c b9'J il,{C ccT Ixln. cria cach lW,Itlg Nam vii lilt h{1J> ddit lronh qudn '1/ udi ddit lrunh chlnh trl Iii quy lulU ccr Ixln. cd" phlbJng phdjl cach _g Nam'. val Iro eUa cOng t<fu hinh t4n, dllng chi DuAn neu cO: "DO cung Iii mil! tilfn cOng chllfn 111l;1C. mOl v€n co biln trong cOng tac vtn dOng each m\Ulg milln Nam dl!' thl,{C khau 'cOng ,?Ong blnh ... mOi quan gI.:ta khdi nghla cd4 qulin chring vii chi£n tranh cOch lW,Itlg. <fOng chi U! Duln x.c dlnh: "Khili nghis me r(lng djs blm. lilng 1\11' 111\1llg, thiic dAY chllfn Iranh cach phOt v!li thanh tM npy c11ng Dl\Ulh va nguqc 1lIi. chllfn Iranh cach m\Ulg c11ng dl1l;1C dlly c11ng lam cho nh1lhg dillu kitn cUa khdi nghls npy c11ng chin mulll va ma rOng trin quy mO npy c11ng lan". MOl van n.:ta cO y nghia chllfn IIJ1;Ic la x8c djnh dUng vi lri chllfn II1l;1C eUa ba ..ung (rang nlli. dbng bling va Ihlmh thl). dllng chi U! DuAn "PhU'l:lng chOmd11nhdlchcabavUngchilfnIIJ1;IclaneldaoIrongphU'l:lng \ 37 PHAN THIJ NHAT s1[ NGH$P CHONG MY CtYU Nl1(JCHAl cHAN, BA M·VI

CHuONG 1 £A£ UIA 13~ U.{U T~ti 39

T D~I hOI t tr(in DTGPMNVN IiIn thli nhilt (2-1962). DM HOI M~T T~~M DAN TOc GlAI PHUNG MiEN NAM VIET N~ M LAM THU- n Dai h¢i M~t tran DTGPMNVN ian thCr hai (1964) .

Ho. r,ghi bli!u Lilln minh cAe LlOTDC va H8VN (1968). Ole..; qu6c dAn Nam V.el Nam INlnh lap Chfnh phu CML T va H¢i dOng C6 wn Chinn phJ (6-6-1969)

h¢I ba:t IhLimg o'.t\.al .ran OTGPMNVN th6ng qua Cuong flnh ehrnl'l U, (1967) . HOI ng/lj Inuung gllj a lr?;n DTGPMNVN va mmh cae lLDTOC va H8VN (1969)

Ban Kh.J sal GOn • Gla Olnn (4·'965) Van lInh (nguOi Ihl.1 8 r.ang dUng Iu tra.1 sang phil l) , V6 (ngu6'l lhi 5, hang dLing), Huynh Pntl1 (ngu6'l Ih,i 2 l...ang Dang (ngv;)i dUng emu nang tllln Idb) Chu Hliu Tho dQc Tuysn ngOn lai h¢i MTDTGPMNVN I§.n tIl..r I (1962) ChU tlCh Huynn Mn PM! oon b.?c cOng rae v6i cae INnh ."iQn Chinh phu CML T

'T .. • D{li hOi Ii&n hC$n ann rung, Chl'n 51 !hl aua Nsm Nam Ian Ul.i nNIiI (1965) Chu uch Nguy&n Hliu Tho "'(fl dong baa ray Nguybn (Nglloi 0961 ben C<,1 nh la ong Y 8,h Alec;

~~ ~* ~ @ ~ " ~ <0 s: , !l. 3 ~ 2 " '" n <l' 2, '0 ~ " '"

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Vu khi 1h6 50 cOO du klch. Nh8 bao arlJCMtt (Uc) va Madeleine RitaId (phap) tMrn wng glill pl"K'lng Nam Viet Nam 'I I SOng HUtlng Nui Ng1f th<l, kinh dO Hue cil kinh c6 nhllng cOng tnnh nguy nga thlli x\1a du."" xep lol'i di tich vi!n hOa ella tbe giOi. eGng I. noi ghi II'i bao st! Hch anh hOOg trong "If eh6ng ngn\li xam, gill gin d¢C I$p Clla Til qu/ic, Trong khllng chien eMng PhBp de. nlli Mn nhllng dia danh ghi chie'n COng rlfc r(j ella nhAn <LIn nhlt DU'c1ng Hoa, Ho. My, Ba Limg, Hili VAn, v,v ... Trong ch6hg My c6 thimh cil Quiing Tri, Khe Sauh, Limg VAy, ClIn Ti&n, DIic Mi(u .. , va ca thimh pM Hu€ cuimg, Sau djnh Ganeva nam 1954, tr6 thanh mQt vi trl chi(n Jltt;<: c6 tfun quan tr,>fig Diliu d6 xu!! phSt tlr Am mttu cUa My • mulln bi€n viing nay thimh h¢ th6ng cWl cll quAn 8If mQIlh dii sl1e Jam bim M "lip sbng B€n lIiii" va "Hlk li<l'n", khAng khi!ng elf hba bloh th6ng nMt mmc nh. bIlng mQt cue)<: tOng tuylin eli, H<1n th( mm, c6 [lie NgO Dlnh oiIn trllng trc,m tuyin h6 gld! nltd<: My keo did d€n vi tuy€n 17, t'l ".<1 mQIlg" bi<!'n Nom thanh phong tuy(n ch6ng elkh mQIlg, chllng <$lg san " DOng Nam A, xuc tIlm [i diln Ie)<: cua mQi ngl1l1i Nam y@u nltd<:. 1. M9T Il!A BAN mQNG mM TRONG cAC CHIIiN DICH DAN AP ciJA Mulln tJ;to dlfng m¢t dia ban chie'n Iltt;<: nhlt dlt<IDg nhien ke djch phru lip d4ng nhang pblip Chung thlra hi4u rhog day I;' 001 tilfp giap vOl milln Bac dil dttqc gii\i ph6ng, NMn diln vimg nay the thil!t vcJi ttlog luyin eli 1, CiI& chi: NQuv'n "gyye" pM 81 ltv u)' Tri-Thien-Hu6; NlJ1yftn Van, nguy.n khu Uy VifIn, Si thu linh Uy Tl'd fhi6n-HtA. tA H/lnh, nguy6n 131 ttu tinn U)' QuMg Tn; Hoang LAnn, nguy." Bl ltv th60h Uy Hu6, '-""' .... --

rn II ,. _ Anh van Tt6i tfl.l6c rue I"!y sinh, ngay 14-10-1964 II I il fi 'I 41 TRI .. THIEN .. HUE • NGfJyh; nUNG • NGUYEN V1N • LE nANH· Ha..NG LANni Nhln vila ban db Nom, t. c6 th6 thfy hal tinh Quang TTi va Th.:m nAnt tmng khiie cu. '!'rung BQ, N(u Hnh theo duimg ehim bay noi $lg "hill tU tIly sang dOng khOng qua 9Okm, noi nhft chi 40km. DB nhlt fill co dja hinh pbhn IOn I. nui nl'llg, tva vao day 'I'nt1tng S<1n phia tIly nhln ra bi41n DOng vcJi ti Hch trong cI\y ht<1ng th<IC chi khoang 11%, vOl khoang 80 VQIl thili chllng My. A; cUng bi€t nw rll:ng d9P, sOng nUlle hilU tinh, cO dlro Ngsng gcfi cam, dlro Hai nMt hUng quan' c6 Phong Nha nOi ti€ng ciing SOHUtlNiN1fthlkihdOHilkih6hllOth

£)jch tile khling b6 kMp cae lip xom, tra hOi, Mt ngttill vll glam it etlc trung tAm thAin vlln, eac dlln bot. M91 nglt!)i <Illu bi ,It.. k. vI!, Mnh vi qt:!I khtr, Ij I!eh ti:r <1i11 chs. vl! ngu'ili tMn Tift c8 <Illu dU'<;1c xll'p M d61 pM VB pMn dill x.t, tbe ciln ClfflC, gla dinh, J.P gla <Ii do 106m tra nhau. Ral: nhillu nglt!)i, nhil!u gia dlnh bi glam glti', tra tIIn bj thtl mil khang elln «lng khai xct x.:t. Ti<l'p do, nhung d<;tt "15 dlf<;1c tllrn himh blmg • ., ph<!l h<;1p ch1!t che gltl'a I.,c Ilfgng quAn 81/, canh ";t, boo an diln tham boo, 06C lang xii dum thiift qUAn cIlin dl II}i Illm iIn blnh thtdrng glti'a ctlc vtlng. CtIc dill «lng ttI.c t6 cOng rnii nhung lap hQC t9p k<!o da; hang thimg, th.,., chi thAng, nlf! dl md I;U nhillu IAn kern thao bilt bd, giBln cllm vil thu nhung nglfi'li bi Unh nghi. KhAu hitu 'Co thi Mt oan mOt tr!lm ngttiri ehtl kMng b6 s6t cOng" dii dlfl!c triCt M th1/e hifn. vi dll Iii x. Glo Linh (Quang Tri). Thill eMng Philp ";ch Mo de vll "lIit Gio Linh" lIat h." va dau kho 111m lal dl tim con bi chern <Illu trpn cQc, dung Vlilt aD cUa m'il b9C dAu can, dUB chOn cIt. Gio Linb c6 cOng chong thi/C dan Pbap, co ngu'ili than dl t9p k€t, nay trer thanh milt x4 nguy IlJo'm s6 mOt d<!l vm chinh quylln NgO Dinh Ngsy sau 1954, Gio Llnh bl quAn lu.t mQt thang, elm di M t$p trung 200 nglfi'li Unh nghl van hQC va sau do hi dua dl tMm vln, giam gil? TMng 4-1955 chung to ehlfe mQt kho.. "to' c¢ng, cQng" nti'a: 150 nglfbi bi Mt Cae chilin dieh "15 C¢ng, e¢ng" diin ra a khllp Nam nhung d c6 muc d¢ tan 8C kMc cso, vi ke tM quan Mm Tang tOe, dau' kh$, Ie au, khung khil!'p trum es nglt!)i, nhllng e!lm hi:ln u"t eung trlin ng9p con tim nhan dan Trl·Thlen·Hul!'. 2. DAil TRANH GIANH OIJY£N sONG. cliNG cO 00 sa, ro CHUt: 4\1 I..\lC D6l vdi nhiln diln, cling dAn Ap IDI)nh thi st1c chOng tn. cling mlinh Iitt, do da dlf<1C chung minh trong th.,c t€ cul)c Mu tranh ctla nhlin dlin Trj·Thien-Hu€. [,Uc <Illu, nhim dan dii t9p h<;1p lsi trong ctlc hinh thuc dJlu tranh dol dan sinh, dan cM Mt h<;1p val dlu tranh dol thi h1mh nghiilm chinh Http dinh Geneva, t/lng e.:t th6ng nMt nlt<lc nbS. Ngily 9·9·1954 d1>ng boo x;; C"", Thily Cam U} • Quang Trj) da'u tranh ch5ng ehu truong ctla chinh dia phl!m1g bdt dOl eh.; Tam Hifp • mgt ehg dlt\fc xay dl/llg trong thill kY ch6ng Pbap, dol boo dam sinh blnh thlfi:lng ctla dan. Nhtl'ng cul)c dilu tranh eMng Kio clip TU9ng di!'t, ch6ng thu phlln tugng cua nil va cila nhung ngttiri di k€t, V.v. de ra i'J nm. Co nm gill dlf<;1C tinh nguy@n canh elf nhlf i'J thOn Long Hung (xii Hiii Phd, Hiii Lilng) tim mgl etlch day dlfa keo dBI vifc thu h1>i TUQng di!t nhlf i) Linh nn (Tritu Phong), NMt Blnh Xa (Com L(i) ... Phong trao bOa blnh doi khOl phyc dm .6og binh thuang sau chiiin tranh, dol thUl1ng Wng tuylin eil dB t9P h<;1p dlf<;1e himg V\lll dllng bao n6ng tMn VB 1. n" pm My eO 9 t\&.M, m6i: cAl eO 20-40 xa 11m, '>to! !den thu50c 1,eifn )( a,em, tr&n eO eono .at eo". = • ___ . ; .' ___ _ ..... -- ... ----------- ... ---

------- .2 CHUNG M6T BONG cO t.h6ng nM't Mt nttcrc khOng chi do ngu)'\\n V9ng chung ctla dan * rna con xu.lt pMt tu tlnh citrn mu5n doim tv gla dlnh 88u bao n!lm chi€n tranh glly Iy tan rnA dong 86ng Hiii hlh hoo khOng tM. mlU mill ngan eAch cAc gla dlnh va h9 tQc dlf<;1e. Nhlfng dlf<jj con milt ke tM thi Yilng nAy phru I. Yilng "trong 8/ICh', khfmg "'n mAm m5ng nao eMng d61 Iq./ chung. Ngay .au khl dinh Geno .. cO hll'u hIe, nhllng e,*, thOm sat himg 10000t .. ra kMp Yilng chUng kioi'm BOat, dido hlnh II! i) H"""g Dllln, Ch.; C>m IQulmg Tri), Kim DOl, A Treo tThllll IlQn tic lin <hi ch9t <Illu, m6 byng nbung nglfm chUng nghi Iii aiin'. DO la nhllng nglt!)i bi vIIo 10l,l! 'cO hl}i eho an nlnh qullC gla' baa g&m nhung nglt!)i khtl.cg ehl(fn cU, nhung gla <linh co nglffli thim dl t9p Mt, kl c8 nhung nglt!)i clnta tung tham gla ctlch m\lllg nhlfng to j kh6ng tan thimh chinh ";ch b,o tan cua chUng. Luc dllu, 'dIlng boo dUng hlnh tlu:tc d4U tranh 15 e.o tOi tic ctla ehling trode Uy ban qu6C t(f 806t va glOm •• t dlnh chi€n ii Kim DOi (Qudng Di?!n • QuAng Tri) hay (j Vilng Clla (Cam L(> • Quang Trj). Uy ban qullC tif dB pMi d€n t9n ndi tra kift IU1m va eanh eao dill ph"""g <hi vi dinh o"nllva. Nhlfng do khOng lam ehUn tay dill phU'Ong vlfu dB cM tAm pba hoq./ dinh ngay lit khl chlfa rao ml,lC. , l , • .t j ] t.1 I , cAc OIA BAN oiW TRANH 43 trong d6 c6 c8 uy dbng hl!m1g chfnh xii. Thang 5·1955 dich mer lap 15 c¢ng ti€p thao. Ta't cli cae gia dinh trong 19 Ifp phru ky glay nh." \:(I! tham gla cMng Phlip va pMi hoo cMng cOng san. DlIu 1958, mQt l,jp 15 ngAy nti'a dlf<;1e to chtle, co 32 nglt!)i bi tra tan va dlfa di giam gitl' ... Clf rnbl Illn " Mn kla glm tuylfn phia Bile dlfa tin nhtl'ng t¢1 ae xsy ra aGio Linh hay " m¢t xii nAo do ctla I. tli'c khiie elinh •• t, vy, tMm bao 80 Mn xa do bIlt M, tra tIIn nhtl'ng nglt!)i bi tlnh nghi dltB tin . Ph8l nol rlIng trong thlli ky nay er tAt ca ctI.c xa ctla Trj-Thl@n-Huif <Illu e6 ttt;lli t,tp trung va nha giam xn, co khi n6 DArn ngoal trm va Tao bbg dAy kem gal, dlf<;1c canh gtI.c cdo Xli trlfang, cOnh ";t XB du<1C glao bilt nglf/l! dlfa dl til h09c hilt 06C gla dinh _ C8c tr'li tTUng. M61 nna glam ella xa chlta va; eh\1c gia dinh, co lta nhlf Ch.; Niu giam 72 gia dlnh. Dino CIn "Ianh chUa Trung" vdi may dan ap khling khi<'ip Mt bul)c tay chan phlli tim cho bbng dlfl!c nhUng "duang day glan nOi tuy€n, glao liim I.c' m. chile rllng Bile cO to chlfc. Clin dA chi dqo nhung "d¢1 cOng ttI.c d9c bitt ml@n Trung" dl pMt va biit nhtl'ng "nhlin v4t" kb8 ngh! nh5t va tra ttin " trqi glam Chin Hllm', dlf<;1c !:\Ii I. '<lia n!!'lc trim glan', xay dl/'llg dlf<jj mfy ng9n dlli chi each dinh clio 300 met. Chilidih"15C¢¢"diiakhllNhd

gpp,gg chi con l\ll 160 ngttili. D€ khdl phyc phang trllO, mOt phw cUng c6 h,tc ll1!;1ng cr dang bbng, dd thi nhltng, khftc, phill xay dVOg cAn cd dia c!leh cr rung rung nul, Day lil m¢1 phuflng hutlng giai quy<ft dung dlln Irltdc tinh 1M do. d nul co nhll!u dan t(lc Ihi<!'u .6 nhlf Van Kll!u, P. Co, T. Oi, Khua, RlIC, Soch, V,v ... Dllng baa VAn Kil!u, TO 6i, Pa Co Irong thm ch6ng PhRp do to long tin Chii tjch m Chi Minh bbng c!leh h9 cho dan t(lc minh Iii h9 H1). Nay di vila cMng My . baa ,lin sang Ihorn gill c!leh .£ chile eftc "h¢1 thl!". Trang ngay h¢1 do nhAn dan Cftc ban Ian cIjn t6 chile gi€1 trau u6ng ru<!U An th)!, Co nhung buili h¢i thll kba long tr9ng nhu a Ra Ro (Rlfflng Hoa - Quang Tri) trong pn 500 Trong buOi can dung Ihll vdi dan: "C!leh knOng bao giil bO dan, nll'u bO dan la c!leh IMt b!'i", nhan dAn Ihll: "Cung nhau daan kilt m¢t long thea c!leh Mn cUng, kian quy€1 dil'u tranh ch6ng My - cho d!i'n Ihllng lQi hoan 101m". Nhung h¢i thll do co lac dyng nhftc nhd d¢ng vio§n can b¢ vn dling biro phdi gi\n b6 val nhau nhlf ru¢t Ihlt, vtro;tt qua U!t cit nhung kh6 khan dlfilng Iranh dll'u. Nhil kian tri v.n d¢ng va t6 chtre ehu dao, Il,!c Ilfqng va C<I sa cftch da dlf\1C dun dlln kh6i phyc, dung vU'ng cr ca ba vimg chi!!'n lugc, cha Mn nAm 1909, da .Ii dVng co qua cac hinh thd'c da'u tranh chfnh U!. v(j trangl binh vOn. lien tl,lC tiI'n cOng djch, Nam 1909 di! to' chdc dlfr;tc h¢i Doan Mt Ihllhg nMI cU<' din t(lc mll!n mil. Tri-Thien-Hu€, h'1» dlf\1C Il,!c Ilfr;tng r¢ng r>IJ ch6ng m(lt budc d€ hlnh thanh DAn U)c gia\ phong mien Nam Nam. & g,gp,(), TrOOI Mui:ii (Quang Trj) v. v ... mn Ihang 10.1960, quan dAn ml1!n nUi dii no'! gi.u phong rung nui va 10 xA yen dlfilng 9 (Quang Trll hlnh thOOh mQI rung gilli phong tan d€n gial Dlfilng hanh lang chill'n Ilfr;t'C Bile - Nam qua dllt Tri·Thian·Hu6 dii co dillu boo Til cu01 nam 1960, nMI II! III nam 1961 Ira di, dlfdi ngvn cit cUa DAn gi.u ph6ng milln Nom Nom, cac doiln th<i qulin chUng dlf\1C Ihanh thu hUl leng l&p nhAn dAn, rna MAt trong Cftc dO Ihi. Mua h. 1961, hQI dang Quang Trj·Thl1a Thio§n t6ng kil cOng lac lanh dao W 1954, rul nhang bOi h9C kinh de ra V1,I mal sal hgp tinh hlnb hal linh. Bjch rao rilt hiinb xAy dlfl1g a'p chiln 1lfr;tC nhltng cho nam 1962 vAn chlta roo xang cae ifp vi> nam 1963 dAu bj pM. NMn dAn 86 ndi nhlf Hbe My, Nam Dong, Ba LOng". phO; h'1» vOi Il,!c Ilfqng va Irang dJI noi dAY plui banh Ifp chlln Ilf\1C Irer lang cu lam An. Dich vUu lung tung dOl ph6 vdi vUng nOng thlJn vita dim lip me phong trao nban dAn eac d6 Ihi. M¢t sl,! nOI bAI trang clic dO thi Ibiri ky nay III chinh NgO Dlnh dan ap PMI giao nhan Dan (8·5·1963) d Hull', TIl IMi d¢ khinh re dQo Phlil Mn ch6 cOng kbai blln Ifn gleo, ehlnh quyl!n Sill Gbn da cham ngOi phln cUa hilng tli !rang cil nlf&c, keo Iheo sl,! xUc d¢ng va phiin dO! cua dlf luIjn tM glOi. S\I idn eua phong trao difu tranh cua nhan ddn Nam, sl! cO chinh trong sl! dilO up gino .-. • $914 o:s • -_ .. _. --_.,

r--- 44 M¢T e6NG eo thimh Ihi, dlfr;tc nhieu binh Hnh, 01 quan chlnh quyen SM Gim dOng Iinh vii truun gia. hlnh Ii! cu(lc mit tlnh ngay 22·8·1956 d thimh phil' Hu€. Khoiing 10 V$n ngttili do trung cr Phu VOn Lilu dill ddp An ngAn dOl I hlfdng t6ng tuy4n cd va keo 1M! si1 chlnh quyen tinh dllu tranh. NgO Dlnh tlt Siii Gon ra da xoa diu va hila .. giii quy<fl s!leh eua d'bng bao cho qua Bitt rO 811 lua do, trong cuOc "trung clu dan y" ngay 23-10·1955 M dua ngOl, dllng bito d" thy chay bAng hlnh thilc, Irang do cO CR ehuYCn gi>i h,m vila thimg phii!'u he$: vt1t Ihung phi€u )fuOng BOng ... d nhleu nai, nMn dim da til' dung ra t6 chtre nhung nMm lulln tra canh gAc ch6ng cUOp, vii trang bAng gt)y g()c, giao mac bito tinh m,!;lng. tai san) d'bng thm ch6ng bQn !Ie On, c<lng an, V1,I dl noh mo, bllt cOe am snl nhang ngltm bi chung tinh nghi. C6 nhung cu(lc YAy bdt va du6i 8C 6n voo silo huyCt, Ix. Tuy Irlfdc oil' dan 'p cO bal ban vdi phlfdng h,te to Idn nhlf 51,! t6n thin eUa phong trllO h€t slle nljng ne. Cho Mn nam 1956 hllu MI nhung ngltm khang chilln cu bi gi€1 C<1 sa c!leh bl danh phil, sO' can b¢ s6ng ,6t phili phan tan, d& rung, dang Ilt 2,3 & cAe DlA BAN DAu TRANH 40 3. OIA BAN CHIEN I,J,JQC, CHEN T'fIUONG Ac THANG lQI vE VANG Nl'1m 1959 cling In nAm co chuyc!n bi€n quan trQng d6i vdi nMt I. sau khl c6 Nghi quy€1 10 cua Trung u(mg Dang. D€n lhOi duim nay, rO rang khOng con mOl lia by V9ng nl!o chi cua Mji . mu6n thllc dinh Geneve. Khi nhan dAn Nem iJ khllp nai dd dung dW difu tranh gianb quylln s6ng thi nhAn dAn Bilc khOng 1M ddng nhln baa ruQI Ihjt cila mlnb bj dim trong mau Ilia. SI,! chi vl! ngltiri vii eUa cbo each milln Nam lil Ie 56ng cua tailn Ih<i dan l(lc. Duilng himh lang chilfn 1lfr;tC men Ihea diiy Trlfilng S<1n hUng vi hdl dllu dlfl'C xAy dVOg· Nhfin dAn tr" d dia bito tilfp giap vdi mi1!n BAc, npl V1,I eUa dja phlfdng mlnh con sAn sang ganh vOc V1,I ph"c vy va bao con dlMng huya't mljlCh lI'y. Cung III Ihiri di<i'm nl!y, djch dii tAng clf6ng xay dVOg cac ca di<!m quan sli dft Trj· Hull' di chlln ngang, pM hOlli con dlf6ng tillP van do, Born My IMn I,!c dan .<li titng dA'u vEl khi nghl, quan sli djch d6 vll dAy kha tan M nglln cbl)n 81,! chi III milln Blic. Til eu61 1909, dllu nam 1960 cac 10 chtre va Irang tI,f vC cUa nhAn dan da danh Ira tijch, Clf&P dlfgc nhillu sung, vAy dlln !Ie 60, h6 trl' d4e II,fC cho cae dA'u Iranh ehinh trl nhu a lang Dut, eOng A Xep, Tam D\1a (Thlta-Thian),

qgpgg, nat tlnh, Cac Uy ban trlln xii lam chile nllng chlnh quy1;n tv: qulin, thl/l' hl.n ngay chlnh stich ru¢ng Mt cua c5p hilng mlfy nglm bCe·ts ru¢ng cling ru¢ng vAng chu cho nOng Phong trao qulin chllng tham gia dan quAn, du kich baa xom lang, bao thlmh qua c8.ch mllIlg dB phst trl6n mllIlh, sin sang dsnh tril dich pbao kich vlie vitng giiil phOng. Nlim 1965, thl/l' chi€n 1\1110 "ehi€n tranh c;te bI,\". My d,; d6 vlie chiil"n Irlfi1ng m¢t 11/1' IU<;lllg quan 0" Illn. N€u tlnh ca c8.c blnh chling qulin Mji va chlnh Sill Gon thi ty quAD olf 90 vdl dAn alf Iil. 7/1. Tit d6 co tM thily duge ml1e d¢ Be cUa chi€n tranh, d oat gid1 tuy6n phi. Nom, My d. xAy dl!llg bang rao ditn tll MIlC Namara nui xuO"ng biin M ngAn chlln chi cua mifln Bile. Tren da't tholl ky nay d" hlnh thilnh mOt tM chllng chit gilla hai va; chillu dlli kholing 150km, N6u phAn thea hlfi1ng tac chi€n, co thi phlln b(f 11/1' luqng chu y€u trl!n hal B5 • dlfi1ng 9 lil hu6ng ttIc ehi€n cua cac blnh dolm chu 11/1' QuAn giai phOng co ov: b6 tTg cUa nMn dan d!a phU'!:!llg va trlln B4 :il hullng tlie ehll!n cila quAn dAn dis phu'ong co a" pMi h'iP cua qulin cbU l;te. Vi eimg va; nh(lng chi€n thl!ng vang d¢1 cUa nhillu tr;\n cOng kien chl€n Ian til!u cae can cd' quiiln Slj cua djch con c6 chi€n cOng cUe cae vanh dai Mji nCll Wlng nhu Ai N, DOng Hil (Quang Tr!), Nul BUi, Son An Nguyen IThll'a Thien), Thang 11·1967, Dac TO ra lie 1* trong 22 ngay, My dua V80 tMng phOng thu c6 nMt, tan b¢ may klm eua dtch 56ng B€n Hal Un oOng My Chlinh, Lao Bao, Khe Sanh d€n cling Clia Vi*t, Tlnh Quang Trl duqc giru pMng ngily 1·5·1972, Cay eu tru'Oc thltt nil.y, My Thi.u dii rna m¢t cu¢c hllnh qulin llln M phlin k[eh tal ehl€m Quang TTl, Tit ngay 29-6.1972, cu¢< ehi€n dl(u d. rB lie soot 82 ngay " m¢t thi xli chi rOng khaling 2 km'. Co ngay My dii dung 23 dqt may hay B52 nem bam cung phao llln til ngaili khC1l bAn vao. CO ngily, quAn ta dii dAy IUJ 18 d"" phlin cling bang CO' gidl vii b¢ blnh cUa dich. Tinh TO Mji dii nem xu6ng thlinh cd Quang Tri nbi> be nay mOt 56 born d!IIl co slle cling pM g/lp 7 Illn qua bom Iii nem xulfng IIiToshima BIin) cuOl cung chi6m thlmh eO va mOt 56 xii Nero sOng Hlin, Co thlmh Quling Trl moo mBI tU<;!llg trung cho "gao vimg nl!9C" cUa quAn dlin va cUa qulin dan Nom n6; chung, Dling chi Trlln Dlmg xtic clim llim tM: ., M eo Nam, co cd thllnh K€t vi>ng hoa llla, n6i Rhe Sanh HuAn chU'!:!llg kho du, tullg TAC dilt, tttng giay, m61 h, clmb", Cam th5y ngl.ly e<1 tMl. h\tl glIn c\lng trong nAm 1972, 0- ehinh d. ra sile clin quet S"m dan, bilt di hilng Vilil nglfi1l V8 dus ra COn Dao nglfoll. DO I. sv: hll't hoang M d6i pM vel! phong trilo each mllIlg khl bi My bO rC1l. ---,-----