08 المقاومة الوطنية العراقية (الكتاب الثاني

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫¯‬ ‫»א‬ ‫א א א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪J‬‬
‫א‪K‬‬ ‫«‪ ،‬א א א »א × א ‪« Ù‬‬

‫‪úĨ‬‬ ‫‪ī‬‬ ‫‪ ª‬א א א‪ ª‬א א א‪ ª‬א ‪ Ë ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫‪ ġ» ħ‬א‪ ğ‬א «‪،‬‬
‫א ‪KE١F‬‬

‫‪ĩ‬‬ ‫»א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ Ĩ‬א א א‬
‫א‪ª‬‬ ‫‪ KE‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‪ ú‬א‬ ‫א א א ‪Ĝ‬‬
‫‪ħ‬א‬ ‫‪F‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪Ù‬א‬ ‫א «‪KE٢F‬‬ ‫ א‪، Ğ‬‬ ‫א א¯ א א‬
‫א‪ Ĝ‬א‪ ª‬א א ‪Ù‬‬
‫א ‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א‪ ú‬‬

‫‪ J‬א‪ Ğ‬א ‪W‬‬

‫‪ ª‬א א‪ ª‬א א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ª‬א א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬
‫ א א ‪Ħ‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪K‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‪ ª‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‪ ª‬א א א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ª‬א‪ Ó‬א‬
‫א ‪»W‬‬ ‫‪…ª‬‬
‫‪ ª‬א‪ ğ‬א א‪ ª‬א א א ‪ K‬א ‪ ،‬א ‪Ù‬‬
‫א א‪Ù‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ª‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫…‬

‫א א א ‪KE٣F« Ħ‬‬ ‫‪ Í‬א ‪،Ħ‬‬

‫‪Ù‬א‪K‬‬ ‫א ‪ ª‬א ‪،‬‬ ‫א ‪ħ ª‬‬ ‫‪Ù‬א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪ ،‬א א‪ ª‬א א ‪ª‬‬
‫‪ ħ‬א א‪ ، Ó‬א ‪K‬‬

‫‪K‬‬ ‫א א א¯ «‪ W‬א א ‪F L‬א ‪ E‬א‬ ‫‪» E١F‬‬
‫א א¯ ‪ī‬‬ ‫‪ ٢٠٠٣L١٠L٢٣E٢F‬א א ‪ » W‬א א ‪ Ù‬א ‪ª‬‬
‫ «‪K‬‬
‫‪ E٣ F‬א‪ Ğ‬א ‪ » W‬א א א¯؟«‪K‬‬

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫א ‪Û ،ª‬‬ ‫א‪ ª‬א א א‬ ‫‪ Í‬א ‪ Ø‬א‬
‫א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א ­ ‪٢٠٠ J ٥٨ Ħ » W‬‬
‫א א‪ Ħ Ó‬א ­…‬ ‫‪ ª‬א א‪،‬‬
‫א א‪،ª Ğ‬‬ ‫א ‪Ù‬א א א‬
‫א ­ א‪KE١F«Ħ ØÒ‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Ù‬‬

‫»א ‪ª‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א­‬ ‫‪J‬א‬
‫‪ K ،‬אא‬ ‫א א¯ ‪Ě‬‬ ‫א «‪،‬‬
‫‪ ª‬א‪ « » ، Ğ‬א‬ ‫א ‪،ª‬‬ ‫אא א‬
‫א‪Ú‬‬ ‫א‪K‬‬ ‫ א א¯ א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫¯ ‪KE٢F Ù‬‬ ‫א ‪K‬‬

‫א ‬ ‫א‪ ª‬א ‪ Ù‬א × ‪ ،‬א ‪ Ù ،‬א ‪Ħ‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א ‪ª‬א‬ ‫‪ ī‬אא‬ ‫א אא‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪ª‬א ‪ ،‬א ‪ª‬א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪KE٣F‬‬ ‫‪ę‬‬

‫‪ ª‬א א א‪ ª‬א ‪ Ù Ù‬א א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫‪J‬‬
‫‪ ª‬א א ‪ K‬א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א א¯‬
‫א ‪ ª‬א‬ ‫‪ K ġ Ù ،‬א ¯ א‬
‫א‪ħ‬‬ ‫א‪ Û ª‬א א ‪ Ħ ī‬א א ‪ Ħ‬א א‪Ġ‬‬
‫‪ ª‬א ‪ Ù‬א א ‪KE٤F‬‬ ‫א א¯‪،‬‬

‫‪K K E١ F‬‬
‫‪ E٢F‬א א¯‪ K W‬א ‪ ġ » W‬א‪ ğ‬א‪ ħ‬א א ­ א א‬
‫א‪ Ó‬א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫ א א‬ ‫«‪W‬‬
‫ ­ א א¯ א א ‪ģ‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ª ħ‬א ‪Ĩ،‬‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א ‪ Ħ‬א ‪.ª‬‬ ‫‪Ë‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪Ĝ‬‬ ‫ א‪ ª Ò‬א‪Ğ‬‬ ‫א ‪ª‬‬ ‫‪ W K E٣F‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪Ë‬‬ ‫א א‪ ª‬א ×‬ ‫א‪ ª‬א א ‪ú‬‬
‫א א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א ‪ª‬‬ ‫א ‪، K Ħ‬‬
‫א א א א ‪K‬‬ ‫א א א ‪ú‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪K K E٤F‬‬

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫א א‪W‬‬ ‫‪ J‬א‬

‫א א א א‪ğ‬‬ ‫ א ‪،١٩٤٦‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪، Ġ‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‪ ، Ġ‬א‬ ‫א אא‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ª‬‬
‫»א א «‬ ‫א‪ W‬א‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א ‪ ،ª‬א‬
‫‪ ،‬א ‪ĩ‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫» א «‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‪K‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪Kª‬‬ ‫א¯ ‪ħ‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،Ħ‬‬

‫‪،‬א ‪، Ħ‬‬ ‫א ×א א א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ J‬א א ‪ J‬א ‪ ª‬א ‪ª‬‬ ‫א‪،‬‬
‫»א‪ Ğ‬א א «‪KE١F‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪ ª‬א ‪ Ħ‬א א א‪ª‬‬ ‫א א‪ ª‬א ‪KE٢F‬‬
‫‪ª‬א ‪F‬‬
‫‪ ­ ģ Ě Ø E‬א ‪W ،‬א‬ ‫‪ª‬‬
‫‪ F‬א א ‪ E>> ĜF E‬א‪ Ğ‬א א ؛ ‬ ‫‪،‬א‬
‫א א ‪ ،‬א‪ ğ‬א ‪ ħ ª‬א א‬
‫א א ‪KE٣F Ħ‬‬

‫א ¯ א ‬ ‫–‪J‬‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ E١ F‬א א ‪ » W‬א א א¯ א‪ Ğ‬؟‪ W‬א א «‪F W‬‬
‫» ¯«‪ ٢٤٣ W‬א‪ ª‬א א ‪KE‬‬
‫‪F‬א א א א ‪ ī‬א ‪ WE‬א א א א‬ ‫‪ĦW‬‬ ‫‪ W K E٢ F‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א‪ ª ğ‬א ‪ ī‬א א‬ ‫ א ‪ª‬א‬ ‫א א ‬
‫א א ‪ Wª ،‬א א ‪K W‬‬
‫א¯‪ ª ­ W‬א ‪ ª‬א ‬ ‫‪ E٣F‬א ‪ W‬א א‪ » Wú‬א ‪ ª‬א‬
‫א א א¯ ‪ Ĝ‬א א א × «‪ K‬א א‬
‫א א א‬ ‫א ‪] KW٥٠٧٥‬‬ ‫א ‪ Ù‬א ‪١٩٨٨L٩L١٤ ، ،‬‬
‫‪ ،‬א ‪ W‬א א א א¯‪،‬‬ ‫‪ Ĝ‬א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪F‬‬ ‫א‪ ğ‬א‬ ‫א ‪ ، ١٩٨٨‬א א ‪ K[٩٥‬‬
‫‪ F،‬א א ‪ Ħ‬א א ‪Ħ‬‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪E‬‬ ‫‬
‫ ‪ ١٦‬א א ‪KE١٩٨٨‬‬ ‫א א א א‪ ª‬א‬

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫‪W،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‪ ª‬א א ‪Ĩ ،‬‬ ‫א‪ĝ‬‬

‫א א א ‪F‬א א‬ ‫‪ ª ،١٩٦٦ ١٢‬א‬ ‫‪ J‬א ‪،‬‬
‫א‪ª‬‬ ‫‪،E ú‬‬ ‫א א א א א‬
‫א‬
‫א א ‪ ،Ħ‬א‪ ú‬א א‬ ‫א ‪ Ĩ،‬א‬
‫א ­ א ‪K‬‬

‫‪ Jª‬א א ‪ ،١٩٦٩‬א א א א ‪ ،‬א‬
‫‪ ĝ‬א ¯‪ ġ ª ،‬א‬
‫א‪ Ħ ğ‬א ‪ F Ħ‬א ¯‪٢‬‬ ‫א ‪Ħ‬‬ ‫א ‪F‬‬
‫‪ ،ú‬א‬ ‫אאא‬ ‫‪،E‬‬ ‫‪،E ٢٠٠٤‬‬
‫¯‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪ Ĩ W‬א א‪Ĝ‬‬ ‫א‬
‫ א ‪KE١F‬‬ ‫א א‪ ª‬א ‪،‬‬

‫א א‪ Ğ‬א א ‪KE٢F‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪ĢJ‬‬

‫‪Ù‬‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫‪ ġ‬א‪ě ، ğ‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪J‬‬
‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪Ģ،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪ú‬א‬
‫א אא‬
‫א‪K‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‬ ‫‪ª‬א‬

‫‪ Ħ‬א א א¯‪،‬‬ ‫‪ J‬א א ‪ ،١٩٨٨‬א‪ª ğ‬‬
‫‪KE٣F‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א א א‪،‬‬ ‫א ‪ Ĝ‬א א‬

‫א‪K‬‬ ‫‪ J‬א א ‪ Û‬א א¯‪ ،‬א א ‪ ،‬א‪ ª‬א‬

‫א‪ ī‬א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ę،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‪ħ‬‬ ‫‪Ĩ‬‬ ‫‪J‬א‬
‫א ‪KE٤F‬‬ ‫א א ‪ ،‬א‪ğ‬‬ ‫‪ī‬א‬

‫‪ª‬‬ ‫‪W ٢٠٠٤L١L٢٧ W‬‬ ‫‪ K‬א א ‪ W‬א‪ W Ğ‬א ‪ ě‬א‬ ‫‪K K E١ F‬‬
‫א‬ ‫ א א¯ א‪ Ğ‬א ‪KE‬‬ ‫‪F W K E٢ F‬‬
‫‪ F ī‬א ‪ W‬א‬ ‫א ‪ ī‬א× א א‬
‫«‪F W‬‬ ‫‪ E٣ F‬א א ‪ » W‬א א א¯ א‪ Ğ‬؟‪ W‬א א‬
‫«‪K‬‬ ‫» ¯«‪ ٣٠٨ W‬א‪ ª‬א א ‪KE‬‬
‫‪ E٤F‬א א ‪ » W‬א א א¯ א‪ Ğ‬؟‪ W‬א א‬

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫א‪W‬‬ ‫א‪ ğ‬א‬ ‫‪Ħ Õ‬א‬ ‫‪J‬‬

‫‪ ،‬א ‪ĩ‬‬ ‫א‪ ğ‬א א‬ ‫‪Ħ‬א‬ ‫¯‪Õ‬‬
‫‪Ī‬‬ ‫א א א¯‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫ אא א ‪W‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫א‪ Ğ‬א א‬

‫א‪ Ğ‬א א‬ ‫א א¯ ‬ ‫‪ģ‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪K‬א אא‬ ‫א א א א‬
‫‬ ‫א ‪ ª‬א א¯‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ģ‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪Ħª‬‬ ‫אא ‪K‬‬ ‫אא ‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א ‪ Ù‬א ‪ Ù‬א א ‪ ª‬א ‪ú Ø‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ú‬‬ ‫ ‪ Û‬א א¯‪KE١F‬‬
‫ א‪ Ğ‬א‬ ‫א‪Õ‬‬ ‫א‬
‫אא ‪K‬‬

‫‪ Ĩ ،‬א א‬ ‫ א ‬
‫‪ ª‬א א ‪K‬‬ ‫א ‪ª ª‬א‬

‫‪W‬א א א א‪ ª ğ‬א‪Ġ‬‬

‫א‪ Ğ‬א א‪ Ğ‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א א‪،‬‬ ‫ א‪ ú‬א‬
‫א א א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א¯‪ Ĝ ،‬א א ‪ ،‬א‬
‫א ‪ ، Ù‬א א א¯‬
‫‪W‬‬

‫א‪Û‬‬ ‫אאא‪Ù‬‬ ‫‪ ª‬א א ‪ ª‬א ‪Ø‬א‬

‫‪Ī‬א‬ ‫ א א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ¯ E١F‬א ‪ Ù‬א א ‪ ħ Ù‬א‬
‫א א א¯‪W‬‬ ‫א ‪» W ٢٠٠٣ L١١ L١٠‬א א ‪Ù‬‬ ‫א‪، Ù‬‬
‫א‪ Ğ‬א ‪ » W Ø‬א ‪Ø‬א א ‪F‬א א¯‪E‬‬ ‫‪ ĝ‬א א «‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א א¯ ‪ħ‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪Ù‬‬ ‫א אא‬
‫א ‪Ù ،‬א ‪ ħ‬א ‪ ħ Ù‬א א «‪ ħ » ،‬א א א‬
‫אא‬ ‫? ? ‪ Ģ Í‬א א¯‪K‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א «‪K‬‬ ‫ ‪ Û‬א א¯‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‪Ĩ‬‬
‫אא‬ ‫ א ‪K‬‬ ‫‪ ú‬א א » א‬
‫«‪K‬‬

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫‪ ª Ģ‬א‬ ‫א א¯ ‪ ،‬א א א‬
‫¯ א ‪ ،‬א ‪W ،ª‬‬ ‫אא‬

‫א א ×‬ ‫א אא‬ ‫‬
‫»א‬ ‫א א¯‪،‬‬ ‫‪Ħ‬‬ ‫א‪ Ù‬א‬
‫א א «‪» W K‬‬
‫ א ‪ ،‬א א¯ ­ «‪KE١F‬‬ ‫א א‬

‫‪Ę ،‬‬ ‫א‪× ،‬‬ ‫‪ġ‬‬
‫‪ Í ، ،‬א‬ ‫א ‪» W‬א א‪ ª‬א א‬
‫¯ א א א «‪» W K‬‬ ‫‬
‫א‪ Ğ‬א א א א «‪KE٢F‬‬

‫‪Ħ‬א ‪Ħ‬‬ ‫א‪ª‬‬ ‫א ‪ Ħ‬א ‪ Ħ‬א א ‪Ħ‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪W،‬‬ ‫א‪ ª ğ‬‬

‫א‪ª‬‬ ‫‪Ħ‬‬ ‫‪ ġ‬א א אא‬ ‫‪J١‬‬
‫‪KE٣F‬‬ ‫‪ Ħ‬א ‪ ª‬א א ‪ ،‬‬

‫א ‪ª‬א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪ª J٢‬‬
‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫אא ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ Ħ‬א ‪ ª‬א ‪K‬‬
‫‪ Ù‬א ‪ Ħ ª‬א ‪ ª‬א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ª‬א‬
‫‪ ، ،‬א‬
‫א א¯‪K‬‬

‫‪»W‬‬ ‫א א‪ Ġ‬א ‪، Ù‬‬ ‫א א‪Ú‬‬ ‫‪J٣‬‬
‫א א‪ Ġ‬א‬ ‫א «]‬ ‫א א‪ ĩ‬א‬
‫א ‪K[ Ø‬‬

‫¯‬ ‫א‪ ª‬א א‬ ‫א‪ Ġ‬א‬ ‫‪ J٤‬א‬

‫א א‪ ª‬א ‪ ª‬א‬ ‫‪ ĩ‬א‪ ª Ĝ Ġ‬א א‬ ‫‪ E١F‬א ‬
‫ א ‪٢٠٠٤L١L١٥‬‬ ‫א ‪Ø‬א‬
‫א ¯ א ‪K ٢٠٠٢L٢L٩‬‬ ‫‪E٢F‬‬
‫‪ ١٥‬א ‪K ٢٠٠٢ L‬‬ ‫‪ E٣F‬א א‬

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫א ‪Ħ‬א ‪Ó‬‬ ‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪ ª‬א ‪K‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪[ ٢٠٠٢L٧L٢٥‬‬ ‫א א א‪Ğ‬‬
‫]‬ ‫א א ‪ » W Ħ ،‬א‪F ­ Ġ‬א א‬
‫‪ × ī‬א «‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ħÙ‬א‬
‫א‪ ī‬א ¯‬ ‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪ Ĝ‬אא ‪K‬‬
‫‪،‬‬

‫א א¯ א‬ ‫‪ ħ‬א א¯‪،‬‬ ‫א א א¯‬ ‫‪J٥‬‬
‫‪ ħ J‬א א¯ ‪، Ī‬‬ ‫א א ‪ Ħ‬א‬ ‫א א‪Ħ‬‬
‫א אא‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪ Ħ Ò‬א ‪ Ħ‬א × ‪KE١FĦ‬‬
‫‪ú‬‬

‫א ‪ª WĦ‬‬ ‫×‬ ‫ א א¯‬ ‫‪ J٦‬א‬
‫א א א¯ א ‪F‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‪ Ó‬א‬ ‫אא‬
‫א א‪ ª‬א א א א ‪ Ħ‬א א¯‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ × KE‬א ‬ ‫א א ‪ Ħ‬א א א א א א‪ ª‬א א ‪Ħ‬‬
‫א ‪» ę،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Ù‬א א ‪W‬א‬ ‫א א¯‬
‫א א‪ ª‬א א א א‪ ğ‬א א א ‪ħ‬‬
‫‪ª‬א ‪ª K‬‬ ‫ א‪ğ‬‬ ‫א‪ K‬א א א ‪، Ě‬‬
‫‪ ħ‬א «‪KE٢F‬‬ ‫א‪Ë ª‬‬ ‫א ‪ ú‬א א‪ ª‬א ‪ ª ª‬א א­ א‬

‫אא‬ ‫א א‪Ğ‬‬ ‫א «א א‬ ‫א »א א‪ ª‬א‬ ‫‬
‫ א א¯ א א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪Ġ‬‬
‫‪ª‬א ‪ħ‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‪ Ó‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ª‬‬ ‫‪Ĝ‬‬
‫‪×،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א ‪ ġ‬א‪ ğ‬א ‪KE٣F‬‬
‫א א א ‪KE٤F‬‬

‫א «‪K‬‬ ‫‪ W ٢٠٠٤ L٣ L٤ E١ F‬א ‪ » W‬א‪ Ó‬א ‪W‬‬
‫>« ‪ W‬א א א א‬ ‫‪ E٢ F‬א‪ Ğ‬א ‪ » W‬א א א¯؟«‪K‬‬
‫‪» Wú E٣F‬א א א‬
‫ ‪ ،ª Ù‬א ‪K ٢٠٠٤‬‬ ‫א ‪ª‬א א‬ ‫א ‪ĩ‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪K K E٤F‬‬

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫‪ ª W‬א ‪ ª‬א א א‬

‫ א א¯‪Ù ،‬‬ ‫»א א א « ‪ ª‬א‬ ‫א ‪ª‬א‬
‫‪ ª‬א ‪W Kª‬‬

‫א ‪ ú‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א ‪Ĝ‬‬ ‫א‪ ī‬א‬
‫؟‬ ‫א א‬

‫‪ ،‬א ‪» ،‬א א‪ª‬‬ ‫‪ Ĩ‬א א א‬
‫א ‬ ‫א‪… ğ‬‬ ‫א‪ ª Ğ‬א א ‬
‫– ‪J‬א א‬ ‫א ‪ ª‬א … ‪Ù‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫א ‪KE١F«ú‬‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‪،‬‬

‫‪، ، Fú‬‬ ‫א א‪ Wú‬א‪ ú‬א א א‬
‫א ‪ ،E‬א‪ú‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‪ª‬‬
‫א ‪ K‬א‪ Ğ‬א ‪ Ħ ¯Ø‬א‪ ª‬א א‬ ‫‪Ī،‬‬
‫א ؟ א‪ Ğ‬א ‪ Ħ ¯Ø‬א‪ ª‬א א א א א‪ú‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ħ‬א ‪ Ù‬א ‪ Ù‬א ؟‬ ‫‪Ħ‬‬

‫‪W‬א‬ ‫א ‪،ª‬‬ ‫א ‪WÙ‬‬
‫א‪ ğ‬א ‪ ī‬א‬ ‫א א ‪ ī‬א ؟‬ ‫א‪ Ġ‬‬ ‫א‬
‫ ‪ĠĦ‬‬ ‫‪ ª‬א ­‬
‫‪ħ‬‬ ‫א ­‬ ‫א‪ ğ‬א ‪ ī‬א‬ ‫א‪ ğ‬؟‬
‫א‪ ğ‬א ؟‬ ‫א א ­א‬ ‫אא‬

‫א‪ ú‬א א א‬ ‫א ‪Ħ ،‬‬ ‫א א‪ ú‬א א‬
‫א‪ ú‬א ‪ú‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪ ú‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‬
‫א א‪ Ħ‬א‬ ‫א ‪ ،Ù‬א ‬ ‫‪ ú‬א‪J‬‬ ‫‪ħ‬‬
‫»א א א «‬ ‫–‬
‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪ú‬‬ ‫א‪K ğ‬‬
‫‪ ،‬א ‪ħ‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬

‫א‪ğ‬‬ ‫‪ú‬‬ ‫א‪ ī‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א ‪ ª‬א ‪K‬‬ ‫א א א‬

‫א ‪ ª‬א ‪K٢٣١ ­ W١ W ١٩٩٠ Wª Ù W‬‬ ‫א ‪ WE٦ F‬א א‬ ‫‪E١F‬‬

‫‪ɳɳ‬‬

‫‪­ ú Ħ‬א ‪ú‬‬ ‫‪ ħ‬א‪K‬‬ ‫א‪ú‬‬
‫א‪ ī‬א א ‪K‬‬ ‫‪ħ‬‬

‫…א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ī »W‬‬ ‫ א‪ Ġ‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫¯ א א ‪ ،Ħ‬א‬
‫‪ ª‬א‪ Ġ‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Ù‬א‬
‫א א…‬
‫¯ א «‪KE١F‬‬

‫‪Ġ‬‬ ‫א‪Ù‬‬ ‫א ‪ ª‬א‬ ‫‪Ĩ،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א «‪J‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪ª‬א ‪W‬‬ ‫»‬ ‫‪ ī‬א‪ Ġ‬א‬
‫א‪ J‬א‬
‫‪ ę‬א א¯‪،‬‬

‫א א א¯‪، » ،‬‬ ‫‪ W‬א‪ Ó‬א‬ ‫‪J‬‬
‫א א¯‪، ،‬‬ ‫‪ª‬א א «‬
‫‪ Ì‬א‪ Kª‬א‬ ‫א א א א¯‬
‫א אא‪،‬‬ ‫‪ĩª‬‬ ‫א ‪ ª‬א א ‪ Ù‬‬
‫א ‪ ،‬א‪K‬‬ ‫א א¯‪ ،‬א א‪ª ğ‬‬

‫‪ę ،‬א‬ ‫א ‪ W‬א‪، Ğ‬‬ ‫‪J‬‬
‫א ×א א ‪KE‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‪ Ħ ğ‬א ‪F Ħ‬‬
‫א א‪ ª‬א א א ‪ Ù‬א × »א א א «‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ª‬א א¯‪ ،‬א א‪، ª ğ‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪K‬א‬
‫א א…‬ ‫‪ Ħ ĩ‬א‪ ª‬א‬

‫‪ ª‬א ‪ ª‬א ‪ ª ،‬א א‪ ī ،ª‬א‪ Ġ‬א ×‬
‫א א‪ ī‬א ‪ ،‬א‪ ī‬א‬ ‫א ‪ú Ī‬‬
‫א‪ Ġ ğ‬א ‪K‬‬

‫א ‪ ª‬א ‪W٦٣٤ ­ W١ W ١٩٨١ Wª Ù W‬‬ ‫א ‪ WE٢ F‬א א‬ ‫‪E١F‬‬
‫‪W‬א ‪ª Ę‬‬ ‫ א ‪ E ١٩٥٣F‬א‪ Ġ‬א‬ ‫‪ª‬‬
‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪Ħ ĩ‬א‬ ‫א א‪K‬‬ ‫­ א א א‪ ğ‬א ‪،‬‬
‫¯ אא‬ ‫‪ K‬א ‪ ª‬א א ‪Ù‬‬ ‫‪ªğ‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،ī ،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫… א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‪K‬‬

ɳɳ

@ @sÛbrÛa@Ý—ÐÛa@Õyýß
@@

@ @Öa‹ÈÛa@À@«ïÛbÔnãüa@áبa@ܪ»@õb›Çc@Œ‹ic

@Nòí‹q@òîÓa‹Ç@ñ‹c@åß@Š‡zäí@LìËbØî’@òÈßbu@åß@pbîšbí‹Ûa@À@Šìn׆@µà©aë@òäß@ brÛa@À@Z ܧa@‡¼c
@ @@NRPPS@æbîã@OÝí‹ic@À@òî× ßþa@paìÔÛa@Éß@éîÛg@†bÇë@QYUX@âbÇ@Öa‹ÈÛa@Š†bË

@@ÀŠb@Àjo×@à@òµèîã†i@Šcå@þµaß@íò@ý|îØj¾—Üb¾ia@@ÍîñÛÛ‹@bÕjßí@ÿ‹‘Û@ýÛa@nÇé‚ëßac@NbÀßNÞc@@ýò‡îØnèíyß‹@üßbaþß@pa@@@ìé@aNìnçbîßÓë@@bÉLäÇÖuß@aå@@‹@Ýíü‹ÌÈgnÛ“@aé@ÇÀaÜ@@‚bå@ßµ‡v@íæî@bØÇÛÜb뾋ia@@@ÉïL@òåißäb@ØîòËÛÔ@@@HiQ@bá@TõØ@aêyÛ‹a@@jàåêÛ‡Çaß@ëÛÙ@@aéÖëiä@ëaiò‹‹@‹ÓçÈíýÛë‡a@@ÈßLåÙi@@Ißpä@@jµbxÛaî‹î@ä‘Ïî‚‹ãb—ýàrϾÛaag
@@@@òplîaþØ‹aíi@‹b•߃þì¾aai@@@ñáñŠŠèaa†n†igŠ@†éÛ@n@åà@òíÇî‰Û†aÛ@ìa‡¾@LaÓ@Hëp@Lb@Šµàa@‹îî@ÄÛòybîäþ¨ÓnaÛa‹a@aëæ@È@òÛì†îaîa@Ø‹pÓía‹Ïb‹ßþØÈÜþaÛn@aàaåI@¾ñ@ßaéŠë@aÛ@ò†bÚuÇìaìŠ@äàëlj@ªÛ¶abå@ìÓánßcš@@Ébß@Ïðj@@ò×L‰í†@ŠÛ†aab‡‡@¤QÇÌYi@@ó@YpÂQÜÇb@ìÓï@ÔýLÓòaÈî‹@Ói‡È@‹ÁÛÈ“ai@jÛ@maÒŠ@ba i‹@ëpìŠÛbëaÛîc@aä@@‹@Þîé¸Èëä†ûÇ@¾nÀ@Ûaoa@@@‰ò›îäîØßËíë@‹dßm@þÀÛaa
@@@ñp⊇baŒÓÓëcý@@åpÈÛaßa‹@@Ši‡bìÈ¬m@u@@@чÛaßä@ðI×@@†À†ììè@èï@îîÛÜiaÛ@‹@ÊÝmbîÏ@àð‡§‰Ûa@Ûaòa@@†‹iia@ŠÜñ§@‡énÇaÐ@@‡–p¼bëj@ðc@‰bìäÛèßaÏ@@ìÀ@ç@ë‡@ÜèLÁbÈßmb@aÇé@aã@‰þT@çUL@@òÝÀíj‹@Ó¨Ò@Öaìa@ЋʗbÈäÛ–aÛ@aå@âßå‡@ßxÔ@‹néí‚ã@dá@i‰@èLänòßßî@ã@LìåòîßîèØ—@æí‹Ûbß×a@þ@paaˆb@gÊàëbÄχä¾Ûaa
@óÜÇ@ÙÛˆ@‹qûí æc@æë†@L«Ýîöa‹g»@¶g@ñ‹v bi@á @bàÛaë@Öa‹ÈÛa@†ìèí@òíbÇŠë@ïãìîè—Ûa@æbîØÛa@Éß

@ @.HQI@µnîä§bi@áèÃbÐnya
@@æìËbnäjÛa@À@bíìÓ@bàdž@‡°@ ܧa@‡¼a@æc@üg@CIA @Þaë@òîØí‹ßþa@òîuŠb©a@ô‡Û@lìj«@ Ë@éãa@áËŠë
@@‡ycë@N@  ìÛa@‹¸û¾a@Þý‚@åß@µy@âa‡–@òšŠbÈß@À@éàLJÛ@bîÛbß@Lâ‹Øi@Lê‡ßc@@ð‰Ûa@ ï@ Øí‹ßþa@‘‹−ìØÛaë
@@æcN@æ|ì›Ëbman@ä@jÛa@ÛÀa@L@@ÝŠaß‹b“ÔÛÛaa@Ê@Š@bbäß–‡Û@Àa@ò@zsÜÛbrcÛ@aå@ìÇç@ëp@ bLßÕìiÜ@bÈ¾b@iâ@b«ܧ@Las@†aî‡Ï@ß‘g@ÉýßË@Lël†@‹ìzçÜ@Ûå@ ›ä’zaën@ÛÀa@À@é@Ûb@ȵß@àýÇàa‡Ç@Ûæa@b‹äqrü×ca
@@‡Çbܧnaë@ë@s@†îýÏ@jáÛa@óbÔÜmÇ@@Ù@ñÛ‹‰Ûî@L@bíÛ†a@bÉßî@ñ†nìum@ìÖßa@‹åÈØÛam@@Ý‚@òa؆j@Ý“àÛÈa@mæ@ c@ò@t틇y@é@bØßjë’@@Ö@é@aNí‹ò‡ÈîÛÛÛ@abæ@¨bbØiaí@@‹óßšcÜ@§ëìÐaÌ@Ûóam@@óçbßb܇Çjmä@ëâÇ@Nì@ø‡ÜÛÜa j@Ûåba‚@ß@@aéîõjÜËunia

@ @Záèäßë@LòíŠbvnÛa@Ãb—¾a@Àë@Láبa@À@æì׊b“ß@õbi‹Óc@ ܧa@‡¼þë
@@@åòòÔÔÇîîÔÔ@Ù’’@@îåòçÐbiîãaö@@a슉@çåçë@ß@Lñ‹@ŠxíbŒëvìÛnnaÛß@aá@@‹@ðÇí@ëŒåýëi@aÇ@ð@ì@ëçý@ðßÇþëýa@@‡Çßj@áÇþ’@a†@‡bbçíjg@Ç@†á@bïíÈgÏ@ÜÇæ@@L@h@ÏÞ@ñýÜŠ§bnvya@nü@‡Ûaa¼@@‹píŒbcëë@ÜÞ@ðbë‚@ýá@ìèÇçn@@ä†îbÇíÜ@g§å@µía‰@iæÛ@abÁ@×õ@iaa‹Šˆ@mŒg@@ìëNHÛRa@@ÛINµa@kiÜÜ@§§ZüäaaÛë@@a‡‡c@ò¼¼Ü–cc
@Éß@ñ‡î ë@pbÓýÇ@óäi@Lb ý‚@åßë@N@òÜíì @òçìj“¾a@ñŠbvnÛa@Éß@én—Óë@LH@ @éZÔ@áîèÔä’ß@ëå@LiòaîIã@ìîè—ܧÛaa@@lb@bÓ@Zcb@îåãßbq@†‡Ç

@ @!! « µy@âa‡–@‡Èi bß@Öa‹Ç@æìàر@õüûç»@Zðìí‡i@‡¼c@HQI
@ @@N«ñ‡í‡§a@òîÓa‹ÈÛa@òßìبaë áبa@ܪ@µi@ñ‹çb—ßë@òia‹Ó»@ZÝîà§a@‡ubß@HRI

ɳɳ

@À@òîãìîè—Ûa@émbßbànça@pc‡ië@LHbßbÇ@UPI@‹àÈÛa@åß@ÍÛbjÛaë@‡Ûì¾a@ï× ßc@ÝíŒ@ÚŠbß@ïãìîè—Ûa@MQ
@@•ìË@NN@H@@òib—Ç@I@ÝjÓ@åß@bèÜíì¸@ @paŠbíÛa@ê‰ç@ô‡yë@pa‹ß@ñ‡Ç@«Ýîöa‹g»@ŠaŒë@L@pbäîãbàrÛa@Ñ—näß
@@@@Àlkt@È‡”“zyînÛ@ßaÀÈ@î@¶ì@Ûì@çé›g@ën@ÜNöÇ@bH@aÇN@@båQ@ÉîY²ßßX@@XŠòH@b@ÀmjÝ@çŠ@ íN@Œoò@îßÚÜîî@öŠab‹ÇËß cë@@I@Qæ@YÝaìV@ãòÔbWîÔn@ãÛâca@b@ä¶À§Ç@@ëéa«þÛ@@óa݆@îòìÜöuîÇaä‹@ëîÝü—@µg»zÜîÐ@äîÛ@îÛbaë@òè@ònšÜÜînÐiybÜ‹ÐÛaÌ@n@ñãÛüa†@ìaò@ÈÐÛòÛa›a@í@ïaÕ‡Ûyšia@@IÀÀa@Š@æëþH@cQa@@@pòYæiXììcÐX@nïØî@â¾Ç’ab‡@@Çéæöm@ì@aÀŠ Ûeëe@@@åNIÛïaß@ëòÜë@îä@âö Na솋ììînØäîîÜßÛßcaa
@@ì@@ñç‡Çbîbänîßã@@µbè@ßnNàbHîRèäIßi@N@@INòNî@µãÃìãbb—Ó@òÛÜ@Ï×ò@‹@î¶i’bƒg@@ïånãçía‹ë@ò@vHܼè@êú¾ba@×@áñ‹Ç†’ìÇëm@@@ÎQYYiχV‹Û@íìâëË@b†È@ÝìÛ@aèí@ŒîÀÛIaë@@@@áòN×H‹QbI’i@x@@ïŠb@‘©ca‹‹@ÀíÛëa@@@Þtòäb‡àíbzÇècn—@¾‰aÛ@îa|Ð@µäjn–Ûä@ òc@îoìÜînöÓa싾Ûaa@@áÙaÛ@ˆbpi@@‰bï×ä‹ß“ë@ÛHŠa
@N@åä’aë@À@ÝíŒ@ÚŠbß@Ùí‹’@H@òb¼@ïãìîè—Ûa@µàîÛa@ð‡íûß@ @‹r×cë@LæìËbnäjÛa@‹Ô–I@@sîÏ@‘ýuë†@MR
@@ìÕÇ퇇m–@ò@Ôì@îçqëë@@ÀNï@Ú@ãìŠîèb’—@QÛaY@YæVb@îÀØÜ@ÛN@@Hb@ïÐîvyî@mka îibãcü@Áa@Á‚@îñ †bÇaIg@@ÝîÇØ@“ïmÓ@añ‹†ÈbÛÇa@Á@¶ÐäÛëbci@@ñ«ì݃îö×a@‹µg»y@@@‡@âíaë‡—m@Šib@—òyãbc @åßa@@æ¶b×g
@æg@ÞbÓë@N@æëŠb’@ÝîíŠa@ò–b‚ë@LïÜîöa‹@ @NHaT@†I@ìòØÐîÜnÜÛ¬a@l@òîãyìã@båÓ@ßò@Ûébyjí@b‹èÓã@dÁi@òiÜanëŠ@éa@íµ‡Ûë@NHÜSÏI@ ÜŠ§c@óa@܇Ç¼@pbþä áìîn¼¾a
@@Lô@@æ‡byí†g@Šïb§ç@ab@ÀîÛb@yp@‹H“@òãî@ãòìîÛèbÔ—ß@Ûa@òÇî@ÓïaÓ‹aÈ‹ÛÈa@Ûòa@ÇòÇìàìÁàÁaIa@@ÉòÓibì—¾@ÝÈíÛŒa@@@êÚ‰Šçb@ß‹@@òÔîßØëÜ@ßN@@òÔîÜuÔy@â@@ob@†za@›‡¶ÌnigÏ@@Àab@ÈR@íµ‹PPS@OòYÜîÏØO@ÜÖR@¾aU‡@@äÝÀÏÔ@ëÒã@á‹nËÏ
@@@À‹¶¸@g‘@ûñ¾ŠŠab†@“å@@NnÇ@ @üòÜai§@bâîaä‡@Û‡bÔim¼@@ÑæbaÜ@§×Õ@îá@ÔÀq’@@ìò@›íå‹iÇa@@ì@ìçòç@àHëè@@ßN@@oÀÜu@í@ëìâØbÛÌaÛ@@aÀI@Ý@@@æðjìÓ†Ë@ìÖbèaní‹ä@ájÈÛÛaa@@ÕaÞ@í¶b‹Ïg@@Ééß@¶@ægaë@@bÝ‹ÈînÔËÛnbã@iLa@@Hò@îNòã@äìbãØb@ÓíT‹@PâßIbcè@IÀ·@@@@lïÜŠÓ§‡a‹amÈ@ëÛ@añ@bÜ −ìÛga

@ @N@HUI@òíŠbàrnüaë@òíŠbvnÛaë@ òîÛb¾a@bíb›ÔÛa@À@òîÓa‹ÈÛa@òßìبa
@µßb«@S@ë@µîÓa‹Ç@µßb«@S@á›m@ò׋’@ïçë@H@ïÛë‡Ûa@æìãbÔÜ@Û@òîÓa‹ÈÛa@òÇìàÁaI@À@ÝíŒ@ÚŠbß@Ùí‹’
@éí‰Ìíë@LÝíŒ@ÚŠbß@éÛìºë@éØܺ@oîã ãüa@óÜÇ@bÈÓìß@b @ò׋“Ûa@p‰ƒmaë@ NH@ÝíŒ@ÚŠbß@ïãìîè—Ûa@áèäßI@µîÛë†
@@pïãbì@×ã‹b“ÔÛÛa@aŠ@‡b“íënm@¾baè@Šnëà‡èßi@@@âN@ì«Ôm@Ýëî@öòa‹îÓa‹gÈ»Ûa@@ÀÖ@ìH@êúÛ@ba@ë×N@‹HÖV’Ia‹µëÈ@îÎÛÓa@aÖ‹iÈa‡ÛÛaì@˵‚@aÝî@ÇåíŒbßä@ò—@b×è‹Ûaä’@؆I¸b¥@k@ anëØ@ßÛ†a@a@À‡kÌ@îiÑÛ@bñÊbþì¤ßaë@p@@òpÏbãb‹ßbÌîìjÛÜ@ÛÈHa¾ëï@bpiã@ìòbîßîèjì—äÜuÈÛ¾þabIia
@@@ìüHòè@åîÏã@ìÖãäba‹Ô’ÛÈaaÛ@ëpa@@ŠÀaìŠÔ@bÉ“–í‹n@ÀüÛ@aap@ëk@bñÓbßýØbzÇÛa@àëå@ÜŠÛÇ@bïà@srÓna‹zÈýjÛÜaÛ@Û@ï@xéÛnbë–‡n¥Ûa‹@ÏLkÖ@naØ‹¾ÈÈaÛ¾@aI@aÞ@@‡™ý°nby—@æan@c‡‚@ÝaÈ@uiå@þLßÞë@b@ïN¾éèaÏ@äk@ipaëb@Óá×ý@ÈÀÛÈaÛ@@aòp@bjýßËca@–‹NpÛa@å@bpÓÇýb×@Ça‹@“¶rÛ×ga@@@ÑòæugÜbn¢¦

@æbí‹iI@òÛbÔß@@åß@@‘bjnÓa@Z«@ïÓa‹ÈÛa@ñ†aë‹ @æb—yë@æìËbnäjÛa@‹Ô–ë@ï@ã@ì@îNèR—PPÛSa@@µÞëiþ@a@ò@×åa‹í‹““Ûma@@W@å@æÇb»í†Š@bZ§Ö@aa‹@ÀÈÛ@aH@‹@ò×íŠbnëí†ë@HQI
@@Éß@ Üu@Þe@†b¥g@»Zæb톊bÌÛa@Nhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/P~SVPT~QPUWTWP~PP.htmlHRI

@ @NïîÔÛa@æýè×@Zò»‹m@Z‡îjÇ@ @Z‹“ãë@˜îƒÜm@Zñ‹—jÛa@òØj’@ @NZ«Öa‹ÈÛa@†b—nÓa@Öa ‚ü@òäíbè—Ûa
@ @N‘@Nâ@Z«ïÓa‹ÈÛa@ñ†aë‹ @æb—yë@æìËbnäjÛa@‹Ô–ë@ïãìîè—Ûa@µi@ò×a‹“Ûa@åÇ» @ZÖa‹ÈÛa@òíŠë†@HSI

@æbºg@Z@@ò»‹m@N@ íŒ@åy@Z@@òÈibnß Z@pbibn×@ÉÓìß@Z@Z«@Öa‹ÈÛa@ÉîjÛ@ñ‹b @æìzj—í@áب@a@@NæbÜíª†Šb@§Ýöaa@ìåÇÇë@@õNbæÓ뇇–Èa»Ûa@HTI
@ @@N‘@Nâ@Z«ïÓa‹ÈÛa@ñ†aë‹ @æb—yë@æìËbnäjÛa@‹Ô–ë@ïãìîè—Ûa@µi@ò×a‹“Ûa@åÇ» @ZÖa‹ÈÛa@òíŠë†@HUI
@ @@N‘@Nâ@Z«ïÓa‹ÈÛa@ñ†aë‹ @æb—yë@æìËbnäjÛa@‹Ô–ë@ïãìîè—Ûa@µi@ò×a‹“Ûa@åÇ» HVI

ɳɳ

@aˆg@Ú‡Çbí@æþ@Ýçû¾a@‡îyìÛa@knؾa@@ìçë@Léi@Þb—müa@åغ@ï@ã@ë@NÖØaÛ‹gÈ@ÉÛaÓ@ìåßß@k@ÉníØ‹¾a@Ûaa‰@õa‹ër@ÛHa@Iì.®I.L@ñ.GÐIÔ@iê@‹o—àÜny¬@bßë
@@üá@ç@bãÛúa@ýòíàŠÇbjëƒ@Ln‡í‡ü§a@pa@Öbaß‹ìÈÜÈÛ¾a@bÞi@ìá‚燆Ûë@‡íä‹Ûm@@bäjÛnaØ@pß@aaë놊þbanë‚@pa@‡bßÓì@ÜáȾè@bÈiî@Ú»‡ºë@æ@bìäjØnØÛaß@À@æ@@gp@»b×@‹Z@k“nØÛa¾ëa@@pòbÏbí@Þû¾ìaÔ@m ×c

@ @N«b›íc@ÑÛbznÛa@pbÜ@åß@üë@òîÜ«@kmbØß@åß@ü@bèîÜÇ@Þì—¨a@æìÈîní
@@@@p¶Ùaíg@‹ò¥©–ëab@ë©@òaîî@ÌpunÛìa@ŠÛLìbõàäðØrnnÛaëÛü@aòa@î@âköìb“ÜÜÄuã¾@áaa@è@‡@pÔÜmjbbÛ×aÇ‹@a@“‰óÛçaÜÇ@@pŠ@babëàí‰Ç‚g×@cñ@@µ†á@bièÇ@@@ãÁgNg@ò@ÀaÜiöì‹@bÛòÜìÛj@ÔaËî@Ûòa‚@‹íL†Ûêþabì@—aßò@‡bîn«ÓíÓaü‹a@ÈÛ@baÛpè@aõ@yapbŠ‹‡b“Ç×Ô‹Ûgî@a“ÏÕ@ì@Ûík®a‹ë @n‡@؇@¾çåíab‡@ÇÈò§¾@àáaëèan@@íßïp@@aÓå‰baàç‹ÇÄÈë@Û@äbaL¾ß@ÖaÉc@aÓµ‹aÈìiÛÛëaa
@N@Öa‹ÈÛa@@À@ïÛë†@ñbßb«@knØà×@Þëþa@éãc@‹ƒnÐíë@énÛbš@LéäÇ@æýÇa@ÞìÔí@bà×@L‡uë@HI.I.L.GI@knØß@æg
@@bÀß@ìòíjëË@La@å‹ÛØa@mp@ b×@b‹ß“@ÖÜÛa@‹pÈaÛŠab@“åÇn@pa@aáŠíb‡“Ônm@óa@ÜáÇí@‡bèÔmmŠ@ɇîÓ@ïnÇm‡@mü@Ö@Ùa‹ãÈc@Ûìa@çx@Š|bî‚z@—ñbßÛab@æg@ab@kmìbÔØãß@ò@ åßb@ jirë×@N@»Öa@‹Z@ÉÈÛÓaì@¾Àa@@ÞÝìàÔÈíÛëa
@@@@Á…ñŠcbÐ@åväÛibnaÛ×@a@@@ò‡ÏÜÜj‹uÛËa@@@aô‰b‡çÛ@@À@ì@µè@ÏÝî@ÛàéëØȆmÛ@@båßíëŠ@Ûkba“@npØn¾aŠaß@aŒ@ÉìÛîßaö@@ŠÖl@ba‹ß‹cÔÈ@iÛNëaò@@îLä« Š@ïìcÛÛ@abó@ÉÔÜãnÇbã—ü@Ýaà@àáÜÇÛØ@@¨µpØýa@Ûb–¾aÜ@@ªLÒkü@nÀØ@eà@@ÉܵßÛëëî@@NÉ@Ýîàä‹—ÈÛÛaanë@Ûµ@aò@òîÐÇ÷Ã@îbç@àì@¾@nNÉua@ßlüëÜ@a§‹L@æÔòaîië@Ó@û‡La“⼋ìÈÛaîÛëica
@ïÔíìnÛa@Š@b“n¾a@ì@ç@@ÝíŒ@‡îÛa@æc@ ànj@QS@ÀNational Journal @À@ ܧa@ b@‹×ˆ@b¾@bÔÏëë
@À@ÝàÈÛbi@æìjË‹í@áèí‡Û@õý@àÇ@Úbäç@æb×@æc@òϋȾ@ÚŠìíìîãë@åä’aë@À@ñbßb a@kmbØ·@Ý—ma@‡Óë@IILG@Û
@ÉšìÛa@Éß@ÝßbÈnÜÛ@ÝàÇ@ôìÓ@oÈšë@bèãdi@Zell,Goldberg &CoÞ@|í‹—m@Éß@Ájm‹ß@|í‹—nÛa@a‰çë@NÖa‹ÈÛa
@ @|í‹—nÛa@À@p‹׈@ Ûa@ pb b“äÛa@ê‰ç@‡yc@ @Öa‹ÈÛa@óÜÇ@l‹¨a@õbènãa@‡Èi@b¾@ òÜ—n¾a@pbîÜàÈÛaë@Öa‹ÈÛa@À
@ @Öa‹ÈÛa@ŠbàÇc@ñ†bÇg@Êë‹“·@áènÜ—Û@òîØí‹ßþa@òßìبa@Éß@áèmbÓýÈi@ òîØí‹ßþa@@ @p@N@bµ×‹í“Šb“Ûa@nñ‡aÇë@bµÛßë@bæÔbà××
@À@ÝàÈm@bèãc@p‹×ˆ@åØÛë@Öa‹ÈÛa@ÀIILG @ëc@ ܧa@ b@Éß@ bènÜ–@ò׋“Ûa@‹×‰m@ @éÐã@oÓìÛa@À
@À@ @ò——ƒnß@ @bØí‹ßc@ @ @aN@H@ÚQIŠ@EbjYîPÛ@@ñïŠçbj@Çbè@yïãbë−@ØòÛja@ãb@èæÈcÓ@ïìßÇ@‡åmíë@Nmòë@îFßìeØd¨era@aplbM—Óabräk¾beit@ŒGìÐrÜÛo@pupb׋“@ÛÉa@ßñ@‡bÇØíb‹ßßc
@@@@@@@@ï‹@ÞINòHó@Nà@âýîã@@Ö@ÊÜjìNnbÇbaäHîn‹ÏèuR@yáI‡íÈ@þh–ëaèÛ@Û@@OaataȇN@@@t@Ó@@ÖÀpñïpÈìŠai:@b‹aß@òÓ/Œb/îÜaÈ@ëw§ä‹ÞÜÛ@îÜaǵýöÇ@wûaa@Ý@@@‹¾ðòi‚wa‚@î@Šò܆@babî.å†ëÓiö¤@rýaaß@‹ë@añm@@@Èq@I@Šòò†Ûïb@laîbÓva@ÛØýï‡a¥wÛn@§@ÛòçÈÜìaf§×aÛ@@@îiaaÀañ@@r@Û‹I‹aòoìm@@“í×ßæñ‡@za‡b.OaÛ‹¼cìÌa›ÇŒ@“@¾oäÊìbaÈmëcÛ@ϸ@iaZ‹@…@@@ÞàN“@Þ@@cNÜìÀ@Ûì@b@ßåÔ@ò@yéî@bîØ@Ûçim@¾Š@@mabpb@úë@ìß@ñÈæb@bb臋Ûo“@gaävÂß@@îéãpbàäã@@g¶aÛ@Ìî@¦b‹aϾ×@i@æag‹@Þë@@‹@@b@“p@@ìáàÚÈïÛ†íÔšaÐ@ìÛcí@@a@Øz@pÝcëLë@’@Rí—@bbõŒòíPè@üÛ@ÚîîPaÚÜûÓÜëÛSÇ×@baç@ŠL‹@ü@@äbñO@ÉÕÈçßbò‡ßQÛ×@@ÜaÔ@@Pío ‹@pð߇ÖO“c@§ã†bì@WHbÓêìÛ×@@‹ýØ@aÀæ@@îÔÛÖòÇbÜa@ÐßÛ@aÙî@íai@‹ŠÓá@†Þ@@aÁ@cÈŠÛï‹ì‡Ûˆb‚Èa’Ìç@jë@ÛæÛ‡îÀ@abëaÛH@äc@@@òÛ@@IÛ@H@@@‡aÖæßÝZò@ë×@bwaìÐbö@›‹ûíïØbî†íÜz¨í×È@ŠíðcÛbc@ìaa–@ÌI‰@ÛëLÛßÀa@@ÞÛaë@òHaþ@p@ì@ë×@@pŠaÔ@@æ‹@‹Àboíïbàìë“’@îËrß@ßkãnN@ìbb†ãåÜmnaÈbä‡ãØÿ¾ØjþÌÛabÛÛëëiiÛaaa

@ @N‘@Nâ@Z«Öa‹ÈÛa@ÉîjÛ@ñ‹b @æìzj—í@áبa@ܪ@ÝöaìÇë@õbÓ‡–c»@HQI
@ @‘@Nâ@Z«Öa‹ÈÛa@†b—nÓa@Öa ‚ü@òäíbè—Ûa@@Éß@ Üu@Þe@†b¥g@»NNNæb톊bÌÛaHRI

ɳɳ

@ @«ïÛbÔnãüa@áبa@ÜÁ@òîÔîÔ¨a@pbàè¾a@|›Ðí@ ܧa»
@òîØí‹ßc@òí‹ØÇ@‡ÇaìÓ@†ìuìÛ@òuby@ò ë@LÖa‹È@Û@aN@À@Üò§Üíìa@ ‡@¼ñ aÐ@@Ûåë@òîäØ’í‹aëß@þåaß@p@bèaìÔÔÜ Ûa@cõ@bÔjÛÛa@@ñLpbjà×Ü@ØòÛua@bêy‰ç@ò@NDòCàöa†
@@@˜aò‰îuçî@Š‚Ýb©Šç@É@a@L@îòåiî@ðßØí@c‹ëß@@îþ@_Ûa@ï@LpÝØaííìì‹ÔàßÛnþai@@aõ‡@b@ðÔÔ‹ÈimØ@ò@òîÈÓzÛaaÜ‹@߆È@ìÛòau@@uòìbšÛya@Š@lòb@Èb¾îaË@@æ@p@Ýc@bÊÇa@‹bÀà–n@u†hýai@ëo@jÛãab@×ñܧŠ@ba߆a@‡gô@åä‹ÇÇí@@Õ@aïˆibÛbb¾Ô@@nÉLãaüî‰jai@ç@éb@㇋ÜÈתi‰@áí@@èð¾v‰a@ÇÛÞa@@aóaû‰ÜçÇÛ@@ap‹ë’a‰ûÜßÛ

@ @@_bèäß@ñ‹’bjß@òíbÇ‹ië@CIA@Ûa@òãŒaìß@åß@åØÛë@LòîØí‹ßþa
@@@òÉriÛŠbcr@ÛÀa@ë@@áLlöaì‡äÛ§a@ï@a@ØÀí‹@òßíþ‹a–@ðb‹äÛØa@lÈ‹ÛaÓ@†@ÝìuîÜ ìÛ@aÀ@o@@òîjîrãmb@rÛa@ëÇ@†@a‡@_òÌià@öåa†ß@@òkí‹íØ‹ÔÛÇa@@ï‡ÛÇë‡aìÛÓa@@Šòbßb¾Óag@@Àk@ܶÛë@þ‹ía@[@òníÛ‹a@Øìç@Çbà@‡ÏÇaìÓ

@ @@Šì’bi@Šbß@a‡í‡¥ë@ò톋ØÛa@òÔä¾a@À@òÈia‹Ûaë@LHQÛa@Šbß@À@Öa‹ÈÛa@l‹Ë
@@@òLòõîí—ï‹y’ƒ@@’Ý×@îò@Ûí@@kúŠu@îådÌnmÛÇ@@sñ@ ‡îÈyjnÈ@Lmò@ßåß@ìLßò@—õ‹ßîu‚@ò@Šë@c@ò@‚LÛéb@àåîÇÇà@ëš†@åì@ëu@Ç@ZïëH@@RkÇoIìïöiîbÈ@jËîérim@È‹ì@ßÝÛç@a@Ã@åë@Õ@@@NßÏÀHìëQëß@ÜI§@åLé aÜ@Û§ìbìèÛybaÔi@@Üb@ï õçbà‰cè@îÐnpÜãäÓaíb@±@Laò@Š‹îîØaÛ—ìëí@‹§mòß@îòa—c@Û@òdòƒíî‹v“ßyî@Ûmoëaa@@Ýòßiî@aÛé‹@ajL@ØÈbòÛè’Ûadã@ëgå@@L¾ßÖña@a‹a‹õiÈb‡ÛÇia
@@@@‡‰Âì›äîbÔßÇÈëÛ@ë@aïóc@@ïNÀÈ܆ÇîÈý@i@îñ‹ÒijÛ‹Ûa‹Ûa@r@aÕ×À@È‹@nÏb@íßì×ñ@ßb†ì@ÇØìæ@u@’Öck@ìa@†ß‹îbÈ@−ÔÛraní@@ÇË@@ÀÞðü@é@ba‰ïn@ÓÜaÛÈ@ö‰aZîb@µÇ“ç‹@@ÛßîæŒaÓþëaa@ëa‹È@@LLíȆò@Ûbîaa‡×@ßÛòaëÌÈ@@ibîNßè@“@ÝÞþîjÔýÛaÔ“a@n@pnæiy@aýa@aiÈ‡@ÇbîÀƒigÈ@‹@i¾òï@Ûa†ai@@Âbýñnb×bjî@jÛÀ“ša@Û@Ƕa@Ú@É@êåßgŠŠ@@bßëõ††’@baaëu‡‡@@NÌÝy@ñiðuì@cÖ@lj拇ۇÛcaäa@@Û@Ïïïaò@@ÓÈÀlíîaì‹i@ç‹áÈ@yÛÛîÞaaÔ@@@ìíÕ”À@yÏÖ@îì@Õaï§ß‹i@ÈbÓáaÛa@aØ‹å@@¨ÈïìßÛ›Û@aag@‡@@ÊéÇÇŠÛbbìÔÜ“–ªn¾Ûëaa
@ïÔîÔ¨a@é a@æaë@LbîÓa‹Ç@îÛ@ïÈîi‹Ûa@ÕÏìß@æc@éÛìÓ@ïàîÛ‡Ûa@‹bí@ŠìnׇÛa@åÇ@òí‹ÔÛa@òía‹Ûa@oÜÔã
@@@ÝÝòjjî@ÔÔ×nnßß¾þa@@ÀaÀ@p@@éêaŠnìÐbÔîÄÛÃan@ëãÝëa@@jÀêÓŠ@@ëåa†Œ@ߊÞb@ïìi@yÈbîî@iÙ‹b“Ûîa@Ûéa@@iaå@Šóë߆Ä@@Þæ±ýdi@@Äð@aŠ@i‰ì@@NïÈÛòa’î@Ôï×Ü@íá@ðèßbíî‰þ‡ÛaÛ@aÛ@ò@a‡‹@îáãÛ߇ëÇþ@¾‡ðaa@@Û‰Lña«@ŠÛ‹aa@ò†@‹î@Èßaåj@þnÝÇÛaja@@ÓëæL@@áìÝåîØ–ßÓ¨a@‹bþèÇaa@i@@@ïÞÉnõãàÜbaª‹níí@mgë@@õ@ìNbçÛï@›aë@@ñŠÇìbìÄîcj@狨Ûöba’ba@@Ö@káa@‹æjíÈ‹ëÛ׆ia

@ @ZðëýÇ@†bíg
@@@@@p†æ‡ÉbbßÈüÇ×i@bá@ëëÔò@@nNLîQòÓnîYaÓÜ@b‹îYaiÈëö@Qaï@Û‹La@@Õ‹áiíböbaîbaä@ÌÛÏ@pÛaÛa@@a@Oaâ@b‹åÂbèiÄjbßbnƒj@äØ@é’Ûß¾aja@@@î@ÊÀp—åb@ajqï†ãma@‹baÓÞ@îaåibÓ‹@ã@ÀÈßåëÛ@N@aábNß@@@è†@_ãý‡ Þc@ý@bÇ‚ìàÛ@@naâÇÉ@yÖ‡ÓaŒüëbÔÏ@@am@LLì@@µæpÛba߇@îaò‡äìÓ×ÛaÓä@‹‹¶Ç@ÉyÇ@Lßg@b@d@Ób“µ@òèb×Ôãää@cß‹“@ Në¨N@ãa@Lòaìa@Qî@·éã@òYan‹W@ß×òíQõ‹–a@yìâaß@@bbpp‚ÈÛŠ@a@‡aa‹å@‹èÀi×àb’ƒb@npë¾@ëaßNa@Þ@@Éóïýßi@@ÜÜnǶŠÇyì@@bïgü@šÛuÖaì@ana@‡‹‡ÈÈ·ÇÛia@a@@aˆ@†b@ŠaègL†‡@òÔLbîjéÌËÇim@b†¶@»‡ìÇÓg

@ @.HSIòîÓa‹ÈÛa@ÚìäjÛa åß@òiìèä¾a@Þaìßþa@ ܧa

@òßbÓhië@òîØí‹ßþa@paìÔÛa@@õbÔji@@kÛb @Zï@ ÛbÔnãüa@áبa@ÜÁ@òîÔîÔ¨a@pbàè¾a@|›Ðí@ ܧa»@ZlìèÜ’@x‹Ï@ZÝîjÛa@HQI
@ @«@Öa‹ÈÛa@À@b @òàöa†@òí‹ØÇ@‡ÇaìÓ

@ @N«__õbu@åíc@åßë@NNNïÈîi‹Ûa@ÕÏìß@ìç@åß@NNNæìÛõbní@æìîÓa‹ÈÛa»@Zâýa@ñ‹ØÐß@RPPSO@QRO@QY@HRI
@ @!! « µy@âa‡–@‡Èi bß@Öa‹Ç@æìàر@õüûç»@Zðìí‡i@‡¼c@HSI