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Published by Oasis Publication, 2021-05-23 06:10:28

baikhari Nepali 2

baikhari Nepali 2

x'G5 . pm To; Kjfnaf6
kmQ' aflx/ lg:sG5 .
aflx/sf] km/flsnf] af6f] /
af6fkfl/sf] rp/ b]v]/ pm
dVv k5{ . rp/df s]6fs]6Lx¿
v]ln/x]sf xG' 5g\ . ;fg]
s]6fs]6L v]ln/x]sf] rp/lt/
hfG5 .

æslt /fd|f] kKkL †Æ

s]6fs]6Lx¿ ;fg]nfO{ ;dfTg cfpF5g\ . ;fg] efUb} csf]{ uNnLlt/
k:5 . uNnLsf] kNnf] s'gfdf b'O6f e':ofxf ss' /' x¿ x'G5g\ . tL
e':ofxf ss' /' n] ;fg]nfO{ b]V5g\ / 6f]Sg emD6G5g\ . ;fg] s'OF s'OF ub}{
kR' 5/ ns' fP/ efU5 .

æef} ef} †Æ 7n' ] ss' /' ;fg] 5fp/f] vf]Hb} cfOkU' 5 . 7'n]nfO{ b]Vg]lalQs}
e':ofxf ss' /' x¿ ;fg]nfO{ nv]6\g 5f8]/ kms{G5g\ . ;fg] 7n' ]sf] v6' \6fdf
n6' kl' 6g cfpF5 . 7n' ]n]
lsg eflu;\ eg] h;/L
;fg]nfO{ cfFvf t5{ .
uNtL u/]F, dfkm kfpmF eg]
h;/L ;fg]n] xfpefp
b]vfpF5 . To;kl5 ;fg]
7'n]nfO{ k5\ofpFb} 3/
kms{G5 .

kf7o\ qmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t j}v/L sIff @ 95

k9fO÷n]vfO

@= Ps zAbdf pQ/ lbgx' f];\ M

-s_ 7n' f] s's/' sf] gfd s] xf] < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-v_ ;fg]n] s] s'/f s;}nfO{ klg 5g' lbFb}g < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-u_ s]6fs]6Lx¿ s] ;dfTg cfpF5g\ < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-3_ ;fg] s] n'sfP/ efU5 < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-ª_ ;fg] s;nfO{ k5\ofpFb} 3/ kms{G5 < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= Ps jfSodf pQ/ nV] gx' f;] \ M

-s_ ;f]gLsf 3/df ePsf s's/' x¿sf] gfd s] s] x'g\ <

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-v_ ;fg]n] 7'n]nfO{ s;/L x}/fg kf5{ <

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-u_ ;fg] s;/L aflx/ lg:sG5 <

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

-3_ 7'n]n] ;fg]nfO{ s;/L cfFvf t5{ <

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ª_ ;fg]n] s:tf] xfpefp b]vfpF5 <

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

$= …;fg] / 7'nÚ] syfnfO{ 5f6] s/Ldf n]Vgx' f];\ M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

96 j}v/L sIff @ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gba| f6 :jLst[

k9fO÷nv] fO

%= tnsf zAbx¿ lzIfsaf6 ;g' /] sfkLdf n]Vgx' f];\ M

/xG5 nfU5 lbFb}g lnG5 lbG5 pk|mG5 kf5{ u5{
rfxG5 x'G5 hfG5g\ lg:sG5 k5{ cfpF5g\ k:5 efU5

^= kf7sf] t];|f] cgR' 5b] ;kmf / /fd|f cIf/df sfkLdf ;fg'{xf];\ .
&= tnsf k|f0fL / ltgsf cfjfhsf] hf8] f ldnfpg'xf;] \ M

ef}F ef}F u5{ .
uh{G5 .
DofF DofF u5{ .
eg' eg' u5{ .
ª\ofp ª\ofp u5{ .
lr/la/fpF5 .
6\of/ 6\of/ u5{ .
af]N5 .
lrF rLF u5{ .
cfOF cfOF u5{ .
eF' eF' e'ge'gfpF5 .
lxglxgfpF5 .

*= tnsf lrhlahnfO{ ;fgf aRrfx¿ s] eG5g\ < hf8] f ldnfpgx' f;] \ M

cfuf] kfkf lxF8\g ' g'g' ug{'

bw' gfgf k9\g' xfDdf ug{'

ld7fO{ dg] ;T' g' tft] ug{'

vfg]s/' f kmO' { skfn sf]g{' ly/L ug'{

kf7f] ld7L lk6\g' ssgg ug{'

df; ' aa' ' vfg ' sfOFsf]/L ug'{

n'uf lrrL pleg' kfOof ug{'

kf7o\ qmd ljsf; s]Gba| f6 :jLs[t j}v/L sIff @ 97

k9fO÷n]vfO

(= ki[ 7 () / (! sf] kf7 k]ml/ dgdg} k9g\ x' f;] \ . To;kl5 tnsf

jfSonfO{ !, @, #=== sf qmddf /fVgx' f];\ M

- _ To;s} 5]psf] csf]{ nx/f rflxF uh' f]{ xf] .

- _ cln ptf gf;kftL, cDaf, cf? tyf sfutL 5g\ .

- _ clg Tof] sg' fsf] ;'Gtnf xf] .

- ! _ P Tof] † Tof] t Pef]sf8f] eGg] kmnsf] af]6 xf] .

- _ uh' f]{df w]/} cf}ifwLo u0' f x'G5 .

- _ Tof] nx/f rflxF nx/] cfFk xf] .

!)= dflysf qmddf /flvPsf jfSox¿nfO{ Ps cg'R5b] df kg' n{]vg

ug'{xf];\ M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

!!= …tfÚ yk/] jf lems]/ gofF zAb agfpg'xf;] \ M

ldq Ö ldqtf Pstf Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

;Eo Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ jL/tf Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

slj Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ dfgjtf Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

pRr Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cfTdLotf Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

z'4 Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ gd|tf Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

98 j}v/L sIff @ kf7\oqmd ljsf; sG] ba| f6 :jLs[t

;dx" df efiff

-s_ rf/ rf/ hgfsf] ;d"x aGg'xf];\ . ca x/s] ;dx" n] tflnsfcg;' f/sf
xfdf| cf;kf;df pknAw xg' ] gfdx¿ nV] g'xf];\ M

hgfj/ km" n ?v lrhlah

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLst[ jv} /L sIff @ 99

l;h{gf÷kl/of]hgf

-s_ tnsf] lrq x]g'x{ f;] \ . To;kl5 To; lrqsf af/d] f Ps cgR' 5b] df
j0f{g ugx{' f];\ M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
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100 j}v/L sIff @ kf7o\ qmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLst[

PsfO– ^

d]/f] l;h{gf

kf7o\ qmd ljsf; sG] ba| f6 :jLst[ jv} /L sIff @ 101

kf7 !

;g' fO

!= klxn] ;G' gx' f];\ . To;kl5 no xfnL jfrg ugx'{ f];\ M

d/] f] l;h{gf

/ªu\ bnL /v] f sf/] L
lrq sf5] {' cfh
dfG5,] 3/, ;k,{ xfQL
/fd|f] aG5 afh .

nf]s xf;] \ ls cfw'lgs
zf:qLo gfr gfR5'
h'Daf, r08L, nfv] gfRb}
:j:y eO{ afFR5' .

lunf] df6f] v]nfP/
dl" t{ agfp5F '
xfQL, 3f]8f agfP/
3/df ;hfpF5' .

skbL{ / 8lG8laof]
lqms6] klg vN] 5'
k'm6an v]Nbf s}n] n85\ '
3fp rf]6 lg em]N5' .

sfuhsf] cg]s y/L
k"mn agfp5F '
8'ªu\ f, rªu\ f, hxfh aG5
/s6] p8fpF5' .

102 jv} /L sIff @ kf7\oqmd ljsf; sG] b|af6 :jLst[

af]nfO÷n]vfO

@= lrq x]/L sf] s] ub}{ 5 < atfpgx' f];\ M

g'df dbg cho, wL/h / bfjf

xldbf kjg lxdf+z'

#= tkfO{F s] s] l;hg{ f ug{'xG' 5 < ;fyLx¿nfO{ ;'gfpgx' f;] \ .

$= dflysf] sljtfdf /ª\uLg cIf/n] nl] vPsf zAb ;fg{'xf;] \ M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

kf7\oqmd ljsf; sG] b|af6 :jLst[ j}v/L sIff @ 103

k9fO

%= tnsf] lgb]z{ g k9g\ x' f;] \ M

sfuhsf] 8'ª\uf agfcf}F

!= ;aeGbf klxn] Pp6f kmf]6f]skL
k]k/ -kfgf_ lngx' f];\ . To;nfO{
nfdf] efuaf6 k6\ofpgx' f];\ .

@= Tof] k6\ofPsf] kfgfnfO{ km]l/
lardf k6\ofpgx' f];\ .

#= To;kl5 km]l/ dWo efudf kg]{
u/L ba' } 5]pnfO{ k6\ofpg'xf];\ .

$= ca nfdf] ePsf] b'a} 5]pnfO{
b'a}k6\l6 k6\ofpgx' f];\ .

%= To;kl5 laraf6 To;nfO{ tfg]/ kf7\oqmd ljsf; sG] b|af6 :jLst[
r]K6o\ fpg'xf];\ .

104 jv} /L sIff @

^= ca km]l/ ba' } k6\l6af6 rR' rf]
lg:ss] f] efu k6\ofpg'xf];\ .

&= To;kl5 To;nfO{ laraf6
km' sfpg'xf];\ .

*= clg 5]p5]psf kv]6fx¿nfO{
l;wf xg' ] u/L tfGg'xf];\ .

(= cGTodf 5]p5]psf r'Rrfx¿nfO{
7f8f] kfg'{xf];\ / larsf] efunfO{
yK] rfpgx' f;] \ .

!)= ca x]g{'xf];\ t † kfgLdf t}/gsf
nflu tkfO{Fsf] 8'ª\uf tof/
eof] .

^= tkfOsF{ f] 8ª' \uf s;/L aGof] < sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf;] \ . sg' } ;fyLn]
/fd/| L agfpg g;s] ;xof]u ug'{xf;] \ .

kf7\oqmd ljsf; sG] ba| f6 :jLst[ jv} /L sIff @ 105

k9fO÷nv] fO

&= dflysf] lrqdo kf7df ePsf /ª\uLg zAbx¿ ;fgx{' f];\ M
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

*= tnsf lrqx¿ x/] L l7s lgb]{zg nV] g'xf];\ M

!= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

#= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

%= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ^= ca tkfO{Fsf] xjfO{hxfh tof/ eof] .
ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cfsfzdf p8fpgx' f];\ .

106 jv} /L sIff @ kf7o\ qmd ljsf; s]Gba| f6 :jLs[t

zAbe08f/

(= tnsf lrqx¿sf] gfd tflnsfaf6 5fg]/ n]Vgx' f;] \ M

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

l9sL hfFtf] xnf] hj' f dbfgL 7]sL
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ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ
ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ
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ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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# ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

$ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ

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