Oasis Applied Grammar 9

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 243 Apply within ten days of the publication date with photocopies of certificates and bio-data with contact number (is must) in the address given below. Only short listed candidates will be called for an interview. G.P.O. Box 6062 Principal Koteshwor Mt. SES A. Answer the following questions. (a) What's this advertisement for? (b) Who would you write the application to? (c) Where would you send your application? (d) What essential things are to be submitted along with the application? (e) Why is phone number a must? B. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the advertisement. (a) ........... is a system of communication. (b) All the details of the applicant is given in his ........... (c) Level wise ........... is required for applying to the job. (d) Rules and regulations are ........... for the students. (e) The preferable qualification for the post is .................... 12. Read the text and answer the following questions. Vacancy Announcement A social welfare agency concerned with children in communities is looking for interested and qualified Nepali citizens for the post of Programme Coordinator: Responsibilities : – Manages all programmes related to children development. – Invites and manages sponsors. – Administers effectively and utilises optimum resources. – Monitors and evaluates all projects run under the agency. Required Competencies : – MA in sociology from a reputed academic institution. – Minimum 5 years experience in social development work. – Fluency in written and spoken English and Nepali. – Computer literacy. – Child sponsorship experience is an added advantage.

244 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 Job description is available at www.socialwelfare.com. Dynamic and result oriented candidates are requested to send their applications along with recent CV, a passport sized photograph and two references not later than March 28, 2018. Applications can be submitted through e-mail, post or hand delivered to the address mentioned below: Nepal Children Welfare Committee, Putalisadak, Kathmandu. G. P. O. Box 9676 E-mail : [email protected] A. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) The candidates must have a skill of computer uses. (b) Detailed information can be obtained from the office. (c) The required work experience is of 5 years in child sponsorship. (d) Candidates can log in to [email protected] for job description. (e) Applications must be hand delivered. B. Answer the following questions. (a) What is the academic qualification for the candidates? (b) Write any two jobs that the personnel has to do. (c) When should the candidates apply for the post? (d) How can the applications be delivered? (e) What kind of organisation is Nepal Children Welfare Committee? 13. Read the following diary of Ann and answer the questions given below.[10] Sept: 30 – I moved into the hostel today – an ugly concrete building and near a busy main road too. My room is small but quite pleasant. I must get some posters for the walls, though. I met a few fellow students at supper (the food was awful!). They all look much younger than me. They are, of course! Oct 7 – Lectures began last Monday. So far they haven't been very interesting (except for the man who lectures on drama. He's first class). Personally, I'd much rather go to the library and read, but I have to attend ten lectures a week. Those are the 'rules'! Well, at least you meet people there. Oct 12 – I really don't like life in the hostel at all. The food is bad and the students are noisy. They stay up half the night and play games in the corridor outside my room. When on earth do they sleep? When do they work? And on the top of that, I don't like my room. It's just like living in a box! It looks even smaller now, with the posters on the wall!

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 245 Oct 26 – I tried to explain some of my problems to my supervisor today. She listened-but that was about all. "You have to go to lectures, you know, Ann, "She told me." And the hostel is cheap and convenient." 'Cheap and convenient' if you can't sleep at night! Oct 30 – I can't believe it. Three other students – I met them at a lecture and they're all about my own age – have invited me to share a flat with them. And my room-right at the top of house – is fantastic! Nov 10 – I moved into my new room last Sunday. I felt happy. Life is going to be so much more fun from now on! A. Answer the following questions. (a) What are the three reasons that Ann did not like the hostel? (b) Why did Ann complain about the students? (c) What did Ann discuss with her supervisor? (d) How did some students help Ann? (e) Did Ann move to the new flat or she continued in the hostel? B. Rewrite the following sentences using these words. attends, cheap, fantastic, library, rather, awful, convenient, first class, posters, share (a) When he is busy, he hardly ever ......... lectures. He stays in the ......... all day and reads. (b) Thanks for those ......... you gave me for my room. They are ......... (c) What's the hostel like? Well, personally, I think it's ....... except for the food. That's .......! (d) Which would you ......... do-live alone or ......... a house with other students? (e) I took that flat because it was ......... But I'm afraid it's not very ......... because it's so far from the main road. 14. Read the following text and answer the questions given below. NEPAL TELEVISION 6:05 Sadhana Sangam (morning transmission) 7:00 News 7:25 Image Channel Presentation 7:30 "Ayo Ki Gayo" 8:30 "Hit gives you seat" 9:00 "Image hot pop miracle"

246 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 9:30 TV Shop 9:45 Griha Batika 10:00 Sangrila Channel Presentation 10:00 "Ramayila Sangrila" 10:30 "Hindi feature film, 'Saloer" 12:30 Documentary 1:00 TV Shop A. Answer the following questions: (a) When does NTV start? (b) Which programme is followed by 'Griha Batika'? (c) How long is the presentation of Image Channel on NTV? (d) How can they answer? (e) Which programme is repeated twice? B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) There is not any Hindi programme. (b) NTV starts with a morning prayer. (c) News broadcasting ends at 7:05. (d) Documentary is shown twice. (e) The duration of all programmes is more than minutes. 15. Read the following recipe and do the activities that follow. [10] Recipe for Dhindo Ingredients: Water: 1 litre Corn flour: 200g (for 2 to 3 people) Method 1. Heat a karahi or kasaudi on the gas stove. 2. Put the water in the karahi/kasaudi adding a pinch of flour in it and let it boil. 3. Let the water boil properly, if the water is not boiled well Dhindo may not be cooked well. 4. After the water is boiled, add the flour in the water and stir it properly. 5. You have to continuously stir it till it gets cooked. 6. Let it cook for about five minutes and then serve it hot. A. Put the following sentences in the correct order. (a) Add the flour in the water and stir it.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 247 (b) Add a pinch of flour and boil the water. (c) Cook it for five minutes. (d) Stir the mixture continuously. (e) Boil the water properly. B. Answer the following questions. (a) What things are necessary to prepare Dhindo? (b) What utensil is used to cook Dhindo? (c) How long do you need to cook after you add all the flour you need? (d) What happens if the water is not boiled properly? (e) How is Dhindo served? 16. Read the following manual and do the activities that follow. STAND FAN: INSTALLATION INSTRUCTION Caution: Please unplug the appliance before installation. 1. Base and motor installation • Loosen the height adjustment ring, then put the base cover on the outer pole. • Lift the inner pole to a certain height and screw the height adjustment ring in clockwise direction. • Fit the outer pole into the centre section of the base plate. • Fasten the base knob at the bottom of the base plate to fix the position of the outer pole with the base plate. • Loosen the screw on the bottom of the head unit but do not unscrew it totally. • Place the head unit on the inner pole and tighten the screw. 2. Grille and fan blades installation A. Rear grille • Unscrew the fan blade knob from the motor shaft in clockwise direction. • Unscrew the grille knob from the motor shaft in anti-clockwise direction. • Set the rear grille and fit it well on the three position poles and make sure these poles are properly put through the holes on the rear grille. Hold the rear grille and tighten the grille knob in clockwise direction on the motor shaft. B. Fan blade • Install the fan blade through the fan blade position hole. Ensure the fan blade grooves fit the motor shaft fixing pin and push in until it reaches the fixing pin. Install the fan blade knob in anti-clockwise direction onto the motor shaft until it is tightened. Please hold the fan blade when installing the fan blade knob. C. Front grille • Normally, the grille ring is installed with the front grille. Loosen the screw on the bottom of the grille and fit the front grille with grille ring into the rear grille. After that, lock the guard clip and tighten the screw.

248 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 A. Choose the best alternatives. (a) When you begin to install, you must ………………………….. the fan. (i) plug in (ii) connect to the electricity (iii) disconnect from the source of electricity (b) We first install ……………….. while installing a stand fan. (i) base (ii) grille (iii) blades (c) We lift ……………………………… for height adjustments. (i) the adjustment ring (ii) the outer pole (iii) the inner pole (d) The front grille is fit into the rear grille with……………………………….. (i) a screw (ii) a grille ring (iii) a guard clip (e) We unscrew the grille knob…………………………………… . (i) before fan blade knob is unscrewed (ii) after fan blade knob is unscrewed (iii) after fan blade knob is screwed B. Answer the following questions. (a) What precaution should be taken before you begin to install a stand fan? (b) How is the height of a table fan adjusted? (c) What are the different parts of a fan to be installed? (d) Where is fan blade fixed? (e) How do you fix the position of the outer plate with the base? 17. Read the following news story and do the activities that follow. Highway Hotels Put Wildlife To Risk THT Reporter Mahendranagar, April 14 There are a number of hotels along the Bhimdatta Highway, mainly at Bhatkada, Gaira, Sahukharka, and Budar, that sell the meat of wild boars, ghorals, deer, swamp deer, and many birds including pheasants. "They cost around 700 to 2000 rupees per kg,” said a local, Prem Bhandari. Dadeldhura, Doti’s Tele Lekh, Achham’s Chaukhutte, Bajhang’s Satbajh, and Baitadi’s Khopde are known for the sale of wildlife meat. A Gaira-based hotelier, on condition of anonymity, said, “We don’t poach any animals. Hunters come to sell their game, and customers are willing to buy them, so we keep the meat.”

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 249 Interestingly, prospective buyers of the meat are often government officers, businesspersons, contractors, and officers of state security agencies. DIG Bijaya Kumar Bhatta, chief at the Far-western Regional Police Office, Dipayal conceded that he was aware of the illegal practice, but never found anything during monitoring. “In order to prevent it, we’ve been collecting guns from villages and monitoring on the highway,” he said. As per the National Park and Wildlife Conservation Act-2029, a person convicted of hunting of protected bird and animal species is subjected to five to 15 years in prison, and a fine up to one lakh rupees. A. Choose the best alternative to complete the following sentences. (a) It is ………………. who are involved in the sale of wild life meat. (i) far western people (ii) highway hotels (iii) government officials (b) The hoteliers keep the wild animal meat because ……………………. . (i) they hunt the animals themselves (ii) they want to earn more money (iii) the customers demand it (c) The security officers are involved in …………………………… . (i) consuming the wildlife meat (ii) protecting the wildlife (iii) poaching the wildlife (d) The police officers …………………. in the far western region. (i) had found a lot of cases of illegal poaching of wildlife (ii) were well known about the poaching of wildlife (iii) had controlled the poaching of wildlife (e) A person involved in ………………… a protected wildlife is subjected to punishment by law. (i) poaching (ii) consuming the meat (iii) preserving B. Answer the following questions. (a) Name any four animals which are hunted for their meat. (b) Which part of the highway are mostly involved in the sale of wildlife meat? (c) How do the hoteliers get the meat? (d) What is the police's effort to control the poaching? (e) What punishment is given to the poachers?

250 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 18. Read the following menu and do the activities given below. A. Fill in the blank space with the appropriate information from the above menu. (a) This is a menu of ………………………………………………… . (b) You can have the dinner from ………………. on Sundays. (c) The most expensive desert is …………………………… . (d) You have to pay…….if you have a paneer paratha with aaloo mutter. (e) You can log in to ……………… to know about the company. B. Answer the following questions. (a) What is the time table for lunch? (b) How can you contact to the hotel? (c) Which food item is the cheapest one? (d) How many food items are served all together? (e) What type of food items are available? Butter Naan Garlic Naan Bullet Naan Onion Kulcha Gobi/Aloo Parata Paneer Parata Poori Batura Tandoori Roti Rs. 20 Rs. 30 Rs. 44 Rs. 30 Rs. 40 Rs. 40 Rs. 20 Rs. 30 Rs. 10 Masala Tea Rs. 20 Madras Coffee Rs. 30 Lassi (Mango/Sweet/Salt) Rs. 45 Chikoo Shake Rs. 30 Soft Drinks Rs. 35 Gulab Jamun Rs. 30 Gulab Jamun with Ice Cream Rs. 50 Rasmalai Rs. 30 Gajar Halwa Rs. 30

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 251 19. Read the following menu and do the activities given below. Hot Drinks/ Beverages Tea Price Rs. 15 Dip Tea 20 Coffee 25 Black Tea 15 Black Coffee 15 Lemon Juice 15 Lemon Soda 20 Grape Juice 20 Mango Juice 40 Orange Juice 40 Pineapple Juice 35 Mosambi 35 Apple Juice 40 Lassi 35 Sharja Shake 40 Mineral Water 15 Desserts Price Rs. Ice Cream 40 Chocolate 50 Choco Bar 60 Faluda 45 Fruit Salad 75 Paradise Special Fruit Salad 110 A. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) The restaurant serves both veg and non veg food items. (b) The management of the restaurant has recently been changed. (c) You are unlikely to get the food delivered to your home. (d) Lemon juice is the most expensive item. (e) The restaurant delivers the food to any distance you want. B. Answer the following questions. (a) Where is the restaurant located? (b) Write one of the features of the restaurant. (c) Which items cost the highest and the lowest? (d) What desserts are served there? (e) How can you order the food for home delivery?

252 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 20. Read the letter and do the activity that follows: [10] A Letter from a Patient Dear health care worker, I recently experienced a parent's worst nightmare. One evening my nine-week old baby developed an extremely high fever. We rushed to our local community hospital and were admitted through the emergency department to the pediatric unit. We were discharged three days later. Thanks to the skilled doctors and nurses who cared for our precious little one. While our infant's care and health outcomes were fantastic, our experience was less than satisfactory. At every opportunity the parent in me wanted to scream at the top of my lungs "Can everyone stop complaining about each other and look after my sick baby?" From my vantage point, it seemed that everyone was so focused on their own needs and skills that they appeared completely insensible that there was a sick baby that needed their help. In fact, it was downright disappointing. This did nothing other than state to me that egos were taking priority over my daughter's care. A. Compete the sentences with the appropriate information from the text. [5 × 1 = 5] a. The speaker lately experienced _____ at a hospital. b. The speaker’s baby was suffering from _____ . c. The baby was taken to the _____ immediately. d. The pediatrician complained about the pediatric nurse's _____. e. The pediatrician complained about orders made by _____. B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1= 5] a. Who are addressed in the letter? b. What is called a physician who deals with the children and their diseases? c. Where are the patients taken and admitted for their most urgent and immediate treatment? d. What do you call a group of persons who work together in a profession? e. The speaker found an opportunity of hearing of bad-mouth from the people. What does bad-mouth refer here?

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 253 21. Read the given narrative and do the activities that follow: [10] My Struggle for an Education One day, while at work in the coal–mine, I happened to overhear two miners talking about a great school for coloured people somewhere in Virginia. This was the first time that I had ever heard anything about any kind of school or college that was more pretentious than the little coloured school in our town. So I instantly determined to go there and get education. After facing many obstacles, I reached the school and asked for admission. In place of taking my admission, the head teacher asked me to clean the recitation room. I swept the recitation–room three times. Then I got a dusting–cloth and dusted it four times. All the woodwork around the walls, every bench, table, and desk, I went over four times with my dusting–cloth. Besides, every piece of furniture had been moved and every closet and corner in the room had been thoroughly cleaned. I had the feeling that in a large measure my future depended upon the impression I made upon the teacher in the cleaning of that room. When I was through, I reported to the head teacher. She was a "Yankee" woman who knew just where to look for dirt. She went into the room and inspected the floor and closets; then she took her handkerchief and rubbed it on the woodwork about the walls, and over the table and benches. When she was unable to find one bit of dirt on the floor, or a particle of dust on any of the furniture, she quietly remarked, "I guess you will do to enter this institution." I was one of the happiest souls on Earth. The sweeping of that room was my college examination, and never did any youth pass an examination for entrance into Harvard or Yale that gave him more genuine satisfaction. I have passed several examinations since then, but I have always felt that this was the best one I ever passed. A. State whether the following sentences are true or false: [5 × 1 = 5] a. The speaker worked in a coal mine. b. The speaker was a white man. c. He had a desire to get higher education. d. He suffered a lot to reach the school. e. The head teacher immediately took his admission at his request. B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. How did the speaker come to know about the school? b. Where was the school situated? c. What did the ‘Yankee’ do in place of taking his admission? d. What did she do to inspect his work? e. What was his college examination?

254 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 22. Read the text and do the activities that follow: [10] A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life Ladies and gentlemen, I’m delighted to have the honour of opening this international conference on the Joint Programming Initiative "A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life". It's a topic that's never out of the media, with endless variations on whether carbs, fat, sugar or protein are good or bad, or reports on the latest wonder-food that will stop cancer in its tracks or help us live longer. We are now relying on science and innovation to help us tackle the new public health challenge that is diet and lifestyle-related diseases such as overweight and obesity - sometimes described as the greatest public health challenge of our times. It's a challenge that all member states are facing to different degrees, so it makes perfect sense - both scientifically and economically - to pool our knowledge together. That's why this Joint Programming Initiative is so important. When Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life was launched, the Council of the European Union noted that in the last three decades the levels of overweight and obesity in the EU have risen dramatically, particularly among children, and that the trend of poor diet and low physical activity is getting even worse. A. Choose the best alternatives to complete the following sentences: [5 × 1 = 5] i) Through this speech, the speaker wants to _____. a. invite new public health challenge b. launch the programme ‘A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life’ c. open the conference on the Joint Programming Initiative d. appeal the members of EU for collaboration for research and innovation ii) The greatest public health care challenge at present is: a. obesity b. cancer c. diabetes d. cardiovascular diseases iii) The Joint Programming Initiative will bring the _____ of member states together. a. knowledge b. economy c. challenge d. lifestyle iv) The health care innovation chain begins from _____. a. researchers b. biomarkers c. diagnostics d. Regulators v) The need behind multidisciplinary approach is _____ a. the poor quality of life b. the lack of progress in research and innovation c. the lack of effective treatments for patients

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 255 d. the unchanged pattern of food purchase and consumption B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. What type of conference is it? b. What is the slogan of the conference? c. What are the causes of obesity? d. What results the poor diet and low physical activity? e. What has dramatically risen in EU? 23. Read the following advertisement carefully and do the activities that follow: [10] Gandaki College of Engineering and Science (Affiliated to Pokhara University) Lamachaur, Pokhara [An extension of Gandaki Higher Secondary Boarding School] LECTURER WANTED Gandaki College of Engineering and Science is looking for a lecturer who is proficient in: » Object Oriented Software Engineering » Client Server Architecture » Principle of Programming Languages » Network Programming and other software engineering subjects at Bachelor's level. Qualification: Master Degree or B.E. with experience in relevant subjects. Preference will be given to candidates with software Engineering experience, Research interests and ability to guide students' projects. Salary/Benefits is according to GCES policy. Please send applications by fax/e-mail to the principal within a week from the date of advertisement. Suitable candidates will be called for interview. (The college reserves its right not to select any candidates) Tel: 61-440866 Fax: 061-440958, E-mail: [email protected], Principal A. Choose the best answer from the given alternatives: [5 × 1 = 5] a. The selected candidate has to teach at _____ i. PCL level ii. Bachelor’s level

256 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 iii. master’s level iv. SEE level b. The minimum qualification required for the post is ...... i. Bachelor in Engineering. ii. Master in Engineering iii. Master’s degree in any discipline iv. Bachelor degree in any discipline c. A candidate can apply by _____. i. post ii. fax iii. hand delivery iv. email d. The college will invite _____ candidates for interviews. i. all ii. selected iii. suitable iv. none e. The college runs the program under ........ i. Gandaki Higher Secondary School ii. Gandaki College of Engineering & Science. iii. Pokhara University iv. Gandaki College of Science B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. What is the advertised post? b. What is the deadline for the application? c. What type of candidates will be given preference? d. Where can the candidates send their applications? e. How will the candidates be selected? 24. Read the text and do the activities that follow: [10] "How much will you pay us?" Sarah asked. "Let me see how you get on, first. If I am happy with your work, I'll not disappoint you with the pay. I'll be in the greenhouse. Get started and I'll see you later." Shortly, armed with a pail each, the children approached the cabbage patch. It was so enormous." There must be a million cabbages here!" Jamie said. ''At least!" Sarah said. ''And if there are ten caterpillars on each cabbage that makes there a billion caterpillars!" Sarah stood open-mouthed. The job looked really tough. Jamie wondered about her arithmetic, but knew better than to dispute. They started on the first row of cabbages. It was really a hideous job. The caterpillars wriggled as they were picked up. It took the two children ages to finish the first row, and already they couldn't see the bottom of their buckets for caterpillars. And all around them, the air was filled with Cabbage White butterflies. The insects seemed to be mocking them. They seemed to be saying: "We don't care if you kill our caterpillars. We can lay millions of eggs."

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 257 Sarah and Janie were now very desperate. Sarah struck out at a butterfly. She missed, of course. She watched it fly gaily away. Then she had an idea, as brilliant in its way as Einstein coming up with e=mc2 . "Jamie, caterpillars come from eggs, right?" He nodded at her remarks. ''And where do eggs come from?" she inquired further. "The Butterflies lay them." "Right. So", she reasoned, "if we get rid of the butterflies, there won't be any more eggs or caterpillars." "Right." Jamie agreed. "So, why don't we get rid of the butterflies?" "How?" he asked. Nearby, there were beans climbing up bamboo poles. Sarah removed two poles. Two bean plants died. She handed one of the poles to Jamie, and then rushed into the cabbage patch, swinging her pole round and round trying to hit the butterflies. This seemed to Jamie like a good game, so he followed her. It is not easy to hit flying butterflies, but it is not difficult to hit them when they settle on cabbages. Soon the ground was covered with dead butterflies. Sarah and Jamie fought on until they were completely exhausted. Then they stood back to admire their work. There were hardly any butterflies left. There were hardly any cabbages left, either. It is difficult to hit a butterfly on a cabbage without hitting the cabbage too. The cabbage patch looked like a battle-field. Not a cabbage was left standing. The children looked at each other. Without a word, they put down the bamboo poles and tiptoed out of the garden. "He knows our names," Jamie said. "But he does not know where we live," Sarah said. "Thank goodness," they both said. A. Write the given statements in the correct order. [5 × 1 = 5] a. The man asked Jamie and Sarah to eliminate the caterpillars from the cabbages and promised them to give a good salary. b. Jamie and Sarah found the work hideous and started to think over an easy plan to eradicate the caterpillars. c. They thought that the source of caterpillars was butterflies. So, they planned to remove butterflies first. d. They took two bamboo poles in their hands and started hitting the butterflies that would sit on the cabbages. They didn’t look back. e. They were so excited that they kept on hitting and killing all the butterflies. When they were tired and came to know that they had spoiled all the cabbages too, they ran away from there.

258 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. What did the man reply when he was asked about the payment? b. What did the man assign the children to do? c. Why do they think the job really tough? d. What did Einstein invent? e. Where do caterpillars come? 25. Read the given self-narrative and do the activities that follow: [10] My First Trousers My parents did not believe in boys wearing trousers, so I wore shorts to school. I wanted to wear trousers, but every time I opened my mouth my parents told me to shut up. One day the class teacher told us that we were going to have a group photograph taken and he asked us to wear trousers for the occasion. I was in dilemma, as I did not possess a pair of trousers. After school, I asked some of my friends to lend me a pair of trousers, but no one had a pair which would fit me. I even tried on a pair of my father's trousers. They were too short for me and much too large at the waist. I gave up in despair. The next day arrived. I thought of not going to school but my parents told me to get ready. They told me to stop grumbling because there was nothing wrong in wearing shorts. So I turned up as usual at school. The class teacher was aghast when he saw me. He and some other students wanted me to be excluded from the photograph but the head teacher intervened. She asked me to join the group. The class teacher told me to sit in the front with two students on either side of me. The photograph was duly taken. A few days later a copy of the picture appeared on the notice board. Crowds of students gathered to see it. It was a well– taken photograph. All the students were there in their well–ironed, spotlessly white shirts and trousers—except me in the front row, with my knobbly knees conspicuously exposed! Needless to say, the picture gave rise to a lot of laughter and unkind remarks. You can imagine how I felt! But the incident had a happy ending. I bought a copy of the photograph and showed it to my parents. My father immediately asked my mother to buy some white trousers for me – my very first pair. A. Choose the correct option. [5 × 1 = 5] a. The speaker’s parents always tried i. to make him quiet by force ii. to fulfill his demands iii. to listen to him carefully iv. to buy things he needed

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 259 b. The writer’s parents always encouraged him to be in ______ while going to school. i. half-paint ii. trousers iii. suit iv. jacket and trousers c. The writer was in dilemma because: i. he got his new school uniform. ii. he was going to be excluded from photo session. iii. he did not have a pair of trousers iv. he didn’t like to go to school d. On the day of photo session, the writer went to school wearing ….. i. his father’s trousers ii. his usual dress iii. his friend’s long pant iv. his night clothes v) The copy of the school photograph resulted the __ ending in his life. i. sad ii. tragic iii. fruitful iv. exciting B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. Why did the writer’s parents force him to wear shorts? b. Why could he not wear his father’s trousers? c. Why was the class teacher angry with the writer? d. How did the head teacher save the writer from class teacher’s anger? e. What was the happy ending of the story? 26. Read the text and do the activity that follows: [10] Yes, You Can Boil Water at Room Temperature Sometimes, it’s right on the box of rice mix-the high altitude version of cooking instructions. Usually this means that your rice will have to cook a little bit longer if you are in Denver or at the top of Mount Everest. Of course, that’s just a joke. No one cooks rice at the top of Everest. But why are the instructions even different? Why does it matter where you cook? The answer has to do with boiling water. You ask some people on the street about the boiling temperature of water. Some might say 212’’F or even better 100°C-but that’s not always true. As you increase your altitude above sea level, the boiling point of water decreases by about l°F for every 500 feet increase. That means your water in Denver is going to be 203°F and this will have an impact on your cooking. But why? Water Vapor Pressure There are many awesome things about water-one interesting factoid is that on the surface of the earth you can find water in all three phases: solid, liquid and as gas. We call the gas phase of water ‘water vapour’. You might think that you need to boil liquid water to create water vapour-but you do not. You just need some liquid water at room temperature. Picture a glass of

260 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 water. If you could zoom in with super vision (not actually possible), you would see that this water is made of a bunch of molecules-water molecules. Although these molecules are themselves made of three atoms: two hydrogens and one oxygen. Let’s just think of them as tiny balls. These tiny water balls are moving around in the water but stay fairly close to their ball neighbours. This motion isn’t due to currents in the water instead this is thermal motion imagine these tiny balls jiggling around in a giant collection of balls: The hotter the water. the greater the motion of these water balls. But wait! The speed of the water particles is not all the same. Although there is an average ball speed, some are going faster and some are going slower. It’s just like the height of a group of adult humans. There is an average height, but everyone is not the same. Some people are very tall, but that’s just a small fraction of the total group. If you have a glass of water sitting out on a table, the water balls don’t just stay as a liquid. Some of these balls have enough thermal energy to break away and become free. Free from the liquid stage means the water ball is now a gas-water vapour. Boiling is not needed to get this water vapour. But wait! It works the other-way too. Some of the water balls in the gas stage can interact with the liquid water and join the liquid water balls. Water in a closed container will eventually reach an equilibrium state between water vapour and liquid water. At this equilibrium state the rate that water balls are freed from the liquid state are the same as the rate of water balls entering the liquid state. The pressure of this water gas in equilibrium is called the vapour pressure. You can see evidence of this water vapour in a closed container by looking at the water that condenses on the walls. A. Write whether the following sentences are true or false: [5 × 1 = 5] a. We can cook rice on the top of Mt. Everest. b. As the altitude increases, the boiling point of water also increases. c. There are three stages of water. d. The liquid phase of water is vapour. e. It is always required to boil water to get vapour state of water. B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. What are the three stages of water? b. What is the relationship between the increasing altitude above sea level and boiling point of water? c. Which stage of water is called water vapour? d. What creates an atom of water? e. What is thermal motion?

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 261 27. Read the given notice and do the activities that follow: (10) GODAVARI ALUMNI ASSOCIATION Notice to members of Godavari Alumni Association Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of the members of Godavari Alumni Association will be held on Saturday, December 29, 2018 at 16:00 hours at GAA Lunge, Bhagwan Bahal, Thamel, Kathmandu to consider the following agenda: 1. Presentation of the annual report by the president. 2. Adoption of financial statement comprising of the balance sheet, income and expenditure statement and audit report for the Fiscal year 2074/075 (2017/018). 3. Appointment of the auditor and fixation of the remuneration for the fiscal year 2075/076 (2018/019). 4. Miscellaneous. By the order of the Executive Board General Secretary A. Write ‘True’ for true statements and ‘False’ for false statement. 5 × 1 = 5 a. The notice intends to inform the share holders of GAA. b. The annual report will be presented by the president. c. The Annual General Meeting will pass the audit report for the Fiscal year 2074/075. d. The remuneration of the auditor will be fixed for Fiscal year 2075/076. e. The notice is published by the order of General Secretary. B. Answer the following questions. 5×1=5 a. What is the notice about? b. When will the meeting be held? c. Where will the meeting take place? d. What does the financial statement consist of? e. Who has issued the notice? 28. Read the text and do the activity that follows: [10] You Inspire Others by learning, not by Teaching (Nepali chef Santosh Shah is now shortlisted in the semis for the title of Master Chef: The Professionals 2020 on BBC one. Nepali Times caught up with Santosh Shah in London to talk about his life and career so far.) From Siraha to Cinnamon Kitchen! Quite a journey)'.How did it begin?

262 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 I come from a very humble background. My father passed away when I was five years old. I started to work when I was around 9-10, engaging in petty trade. After I failed SEE, I followed what others in my village did _go to India. I used to wash the skewer of a chef who worked in the tandoor section. I told him that I wanted to be a chef as well, and wanted to help him. He advised me to talk to the Executive Chef. One day, when I was serving tea to the Executive Chef, I requested him to give me a shot, and he did. I started helping the chef in the tandoor section who had originally recommended me. From there I transferred to another hotel. I started taking a hotel management course, learnt English and computers on the side. Within seven years of hard work, I became an executive chef. How does it feel to be in Master Chef? What has the experience been like? In many ways, it feels the same. I am the same person experimenting with recipes and enjoying my job to the fullest. It also feels great to have the platform to introduce Nepali food to the world. I am glad to have made it this far. Even if I don't win, I am glad I was able to put the spotlight on Nepali cuisine. It is difficult to say what "Nepali" cuisine is, as it is so diverse. How do you answer when your international audience asks you the question? I have been experimenting with Nepali food for the last two years. Our food, especially along our borders, is influenced by Tibetan and Indian cuisine, but that is not the entirety of our diverse dishes. That is what I want the world to know. There is no yomari. choilla, kachilla, tama, gundruk outside Nepal. Our food is unique and diverse and varies by castes or geography, we have different techniques and ingredients. Personally, what are the best aspects of Nepali cuisine for you? How much do you experiment, or do you try to keep to traditional ingredients and preparations?' Let me share an example. I know sukuti is a familiar, nostalgic food, and I am fond of sukuti dishes. But to outsiders unfamiliar with the texture, the hardness of the meat may not be palatable. So, I experiment with it and try to dehydrate it for different periods of time to soften it while making sure the original taste is not lost. Food trends are dynamic. The Indian food trend has been there for long while in the last few years, I have seen an increase in the trend for Sri Lankan food. These come in waves, and I want a trend for Nepali food as well, beyond just momo and

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 263 dal-bhat, so people actively seek out Nepali food and appreciate it for its diversity and richness. In one of your shows you prepared an octopus dish in Nepali style. How did it go? We need to understand that this is a global competition for a global audience. When I was working in an Indian kitchen, I had experimented with octopus recipes with Indian flavor. Having made that a few hundred times, I had the urge and confidence to try it with Nepali ingredients and it worked great. So, I went with it in the show. It was described by the judges as “The most beautiful plate of food I have ever been served in Master Chef." What advice do you have for other Nepal is who are also going abroad to make a future for themselves? My advice to young Nepalis is to never stop learning, you are never too old to learn new things and to improve your craft. Asking what is next is important. Keep learning and be a positive force to others. You inspire others by learning, not by teaching. So, what is next? I am now set to start a high-end fine dining Nepali restaurant in London. The tentative name is: ‘Ayla' by Santosh Shah. I am hopeful that this will help create a separate identity for Nepali cuisine. My ultimate goal is the Michelin Star for Ayla, which is the Oscar equivalent for Chefs. That would further help elevate the profile of Nepali cuisine globally. A. Complete the sentences with the correct information from the text.[5 × 1 = 5] a. Santosh Shah was born in _____. b. He _____ the SEE exam and went to India. c. He lost his father when he was just _____ old. d. The profession of Santosh Shah is _____ . e. While doing job in a hotel, he also learnt _____. B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. Why did Santosh go to Indian in his early age? b. Besides working in a hotel, what did he learn to develop his career? c. What was the remark of the judges on his dish in the show? d. How does Santosh want to promote Nepali foods in London? e. According to Santosh, how can we inspire people?

264 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 29. Read the given story and do the activities that follow: [10] I met Rick in 1997 while hiking through his village in Oregon. He is a cheery individual who stands at approximately 5 feet 7 inches tall, is in good health, and is a kind sort of guy. I enjoyed staying with him and working on his dairy farm where I experienced a new mode of living. Professionally speaking, for a living I am a fashion designer, so it was a new life style and entirely a new set of circumstances for me. We worked together with over 200 cattle, and six cowboys. Rick, the master, was interesting and friendly to everyone. In the mornings and evenings, we had to milk cows, and in the afternoons, we led the cows to the pasture in order that they could graze. We had to go across many fields and meadows to get there. Due to spending so much time together, the cattle and people almost seemed to be accustomed to one- another! The fields were a vivid green, and the sky was particularly blue, and all of us looked around in amazement at the contrast of colours. It was like being in an entirely different world. I had not planned to stay for a whole month however, but the novelty of the situation made me forget my home and career. Rick looked after everything for me and gave me a great deal of his attention and time. I found Rick different from my other friends; interested about me, caring, and highly amicable. A. Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct answer: [ 5 × 1 = 5] a. Cows gave milk _______ a day. (once/twice/thrice/four times) b. The writer was greatly _______ with the beauties of nature. (pleased/ impressed/amazed/ excited) c. The writer’s boss was a _______ person. (amicable/fashionable/familiar/ joyful) d. The writer knew Rick when _______ (he was a child/he went to Oregon/ he worked in his dairy farm/he played with him) e. The speaker is a _______ (trekker, fashion designer, cowboy/mountain climber) B. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. How tall was Rick? b. How did the speaker meet Rick? c. What do cows do during the day? d. What made the speaker forget his home and career? e. How was Rick?

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 265 Exercise for Practice as Question No. 4 1. Read the following text and solve the problems given. The honeybee is one of the man's best insect friend. It has been valued for centuries as the source of honey. However the honeybee's greatest value is the role it plays in distributing pollen among plants. In olden days farmers in the USA took pollination for granted when they discovered that honeybee colonies placed near their fields doubled and trebled the crop yield; they gained a new respect for the busy bee. Now in the USA beehives are moved from crop to crop as needed and farmers are glad to pay for the service. When a bee finds a particularly rich source of nectar and wants to tell his fellow workers the good news he goes in to a special twist dance. The movements tell the other bees how far to reach the nectar loaded blooms and in what direction. The number of turns indicates the distance and the direction is given in relation to the sun! I live in the country and there is a large garden round my house. I have a lot of bees in this garden and they make honey for me. It is very good honey, because there are a lot of flowers in my garden, and the bees make their honey from these flowers. Sometimes a bee stings me, but I don’t mind. When I collect the honey, wear a net over my face and cover my face and cover my hands. When I have collected a lot of honey, I put in pots and take most of it to the town. I put a small table at the side of the road and put lots of honey on it. When I shout, "Honey! Beautiful honey! Who wants my sweat honey?" My honey is not expensive, and soon I have sold all the pots. Of course, I keep some of my bees' honey at home and my family eat it. We never buy any honey or jam in the shops; because, my wife makes all our jam from the fruit in our garden. It tastes much better than the jam from shops, we think. A. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) To be the source of honey is the greatest value of honeybees. (b) Honeybees help to increase the food production. (c) Farmers in the USA move the bee hives from crop to crop to enjoy bee dancing. (d) Bees can communicate with each other. (e) The speaker consumes all the honey he collects. B. Put the sentences in the correct order. (a) I sell some of it shouting at the roadside. (b) My wife makes all our jam. (c) I live in a village.

266 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 (d) I collect honey. (e) There is a garden around my house where there are a lot of flowers. C. Answer these questions. (a) Why does the writer have a lot of bees? (b) What does the writer do to protect himself from the bee sting? (c) What does the writer do with the honey? (d) What is the difference between honey and jam? (e) Why does the writer never buy any jam in the shops? 2. Read the text below and answer the questions. Nowadays everybody is talking about wildlife conservation. Many animals are in danger of extinction and must be saved: this is the plea of the conservationist. You may be wondering what it means when a particular animal belongs to an endangered species. An animal may be said to be endangered when people begin to kill it indiscriminately. Elephants are killed for their ivory: alligators are killed for their skin; and several kinds of birds are killed for their feathers. If such killing is not checked, these animals may become extinct. A. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words. (a) …… of wild life is a great problem. (b) People …… the animals for many purposes. (c) …… are killed for their beautiful feathers. (d) Many animals are in danger of……............... . (e) People ...................... kill the animals making them endangered. B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) No one is serious about the protection of wildlife. (b) The conservationists request the people to save the wild animal. (c) An endangered animal is likely to live long. (d) Wild animal should be killed systematically. (e) Elephants are killed for their skin. C. Answer the following questions. (a) What is being talked about nowadays? (b) What is the plea of conservationists? (c) What do you mean by endangered species? (d) What makes the animal become extinct? (e) What should be done for the conservation of wildlife?

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 267 3. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. It was a cold winter's afternoon. Robert paused for a moment as he crossed the bridge and looked down the river below. There were hardly any boats on the river. Near the bridge however, almost directly below, there was one small boat, a canoe, with a boy in it. He was not even wearing many clothes. Robert noticed, he shivered and walked on. Just then he heard a cry. "Help! Help!" The cry definitely came from the river. Robert looked down. The boy was in the water and his canoe was floating away. "Help! Help!" he called again. Robert was a good swimmer and he hesitated for only a moment. Taking off his coat, he dived into the river. The icy water almost took his breath away but in a matter of seconds, he reached the boy. "Don't panic!" he said as he caught hold of him. "Just relax – and I'll soon get you out of the water." But the boy began to struggle and shout something at him. Robert could not make out his words. "Don't panic," he said again and started to swim towards the bank, dragging the boy with him. He noticed a large motor boat under the bridge. There were several people on board all looking in this direction. Robert decided to swim towards the boat. "Give me a hand," he shouted as he got near the boat. He looked up into a row of faces. "It's funny," he thought. "They look angry." Silently the people on the boat helped the boy aboard and wrapped him in a blanket. But they made no move to help Robert. "Aren't you going to pull me out too?" Robert asked. "You!" said one of the men. Robert noticed that he was standing next to a large camera. "You!" Why, we were making a film and you spoilt a whole afternoon's work! You can stay in the water!" A. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. (a) When Robert heard the cry for help, he was ......................... . (i) still on the bridge (ii) looking at the river (iii) taking off his Jacket (b) Robert dived into the river ................................ . (i) to have a swim (ii) to get his coat (iii) to save the boy (c) The people on the boat .............................. . (i) laughed at Robert (ii) did not speak to Robert (iii) left Robert in the water (d) The people on the boat wanted to make the film of a boy .......................... . (i) with Robert (ii) in the wateriii) in his canoe (e) Robert was not helped by the people on the boat because..... (i) he didn't help the boy (ii) he helped the boy (iii) he interrupted their work

268 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 B. Put the following sentences in correct order. (a) Robert knew that the people were making a film. (b) A boy was shouting for help. (c) Robert ruined the shooting of the movie. (d) Robert was a good swimmer. (e) Robert rescued the boy. C. Answer the following questions. (a) What was the weather like ? (b) Who was in the canoe? (c) What did the boy do? (d) What were the people on the boat doing? (e) Why did the people on the boat become angry? 4. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. Swami Vivekananda said, "Whatever you think that you will be. If you think yourself strong, strong you will be, if you think yourself weak, weak you will be." Both strength and weakness are the stages of human mind. Teach men about strength that is already within them. Everyone should think of strength and know what strength and weakness are. All good and divine qualities are strength and bad qualities are weakness. We should always keep in mind some of the qualities that lead to strength and weakness. Here they are: Ability is strength, inability is weakness; Courage is strength, cowardice is weakness; dignity is strength disgrace is weakness; efficiency is strength, inefficiency is weakness; faith is strength, doubt is weakness; intelligence is strength, foolishness is weakness; kindness is strength and wickedness is weakness; obedience is strength, disobedience is weakness; patience is strength, anger is weakness; tolerance is strength, intolerance is weakness; wisdom is strength, ignorance is weakness; zeal is strength, idleness is weakness. A. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words from the passage. [5×1=5] (a) If you think yourself ......... strong you will be. (b) According to the passage both strength and weakness are the state of ......... (c) Weakness is a bad quality and ......... qualities are strength. (d) If anger is weakness ......... is the strength. (e) Efficiency and intelligence lead to ................... B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) If you think strong, you will be strong.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 269 (b) Both strength and weakness are within us. (c) Good and divine qualities are strength. (d) Dignity, ignorance and doubt are our strengths. (e) If you stay idle, you become weak. C. Answer to the following questions. (a) What does Vivekananda think about strength and weakness? (b) What is strength and where is it? (c) What are good and divine qualities? (d) Write two qualities that lead to strength. (e) What do you need to think to avoid weakness? 5. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. Football is the world's most popular sport. It is the national sport of most European and Latin American countries and of many other nations. It is known simply as a football in most English speaking countries. It is also called by its popular name soccer. Millions of people in more than 160 countries play football. The most famous international competition, the world cup, is held in every four years. The finals are watched by a worldwide television audience of hundreds of millions. Football, as it is played today, began in England in the mid 1800s. The game grew rapidly in England and Scotland, and soon spread to other parts of the world. The governing body for world football, the Federation International Football Association (FIFA) was established in 1904. FIFA staged the first Olympic Football Competition in 1908 and the first World Cup in 1930. At the highest level, football is a professional game. It is played by mainly boys and men but it is becoming increasingly popular with female players, especially in Scandinavia and some other European countries. A. Fill in the blank spaces with appropriate words from the text. (a) If something is known to many people, it will be _____________ . (b) A group of people gathered together to watch a match is called _____ . (c) The synonym of 'quickly' is __________________ . (d) The opposite of 'alien' is _____________________ . (e) The word 'alliance' can be used instead of the word ______________ . B. Put the following sentences in correct order. (a) It is becoming popular with female players. (b) At the highest level, football is a professional game. (c) FIFA staged the first Olympic Football Competition in 1908.

270 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 (d) Millions of people in more than 160 countries play football. (e) It is also called by its popular name, soccer. C. Answer the following questions. (a) What is another popular name for football? (b) When is the World Cup Football held? (c) When and where did modern football begin? (d) What does FIFA stand for? (e) When did the first World Cup take place? 6. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. One of the reasons why so many children start smoking is that they see adults smoking. They smoke in order to impress their friends and also because they don't really believe that cigarette will do them any harm. Quite reasonably, they're not impressed when adults warn them about the dangers of smoking; if smoking is so dangerous, why do so many adults do it? Smoking can cause cancer, bronchitis and heart disease. The nicotine inhaled from cigarettes makes the heart beat faster, and makes the arteries contract: this can lead to blockages in the arteries, particularly in the legs. Cancer and bronchitis are caused by the tar and carbon monoxide taken into the lungs. Although these harmful effects are well known, people continue to smoke. Some people carry on even after having a heart attack or a leg amputated. Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) exists in order to make the public more aware of the dangers of smoking. It tries to make people give up the habit by organising anti- smoking campaigns, and it is especially concerned in persuading the government to ban cigarette advertising on television. A. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) Smoking is grown up thing to do. (b) Children easily see the adults smoking. (c) The smokers are not aware of the dangers of smoking. (d) The children want to give impression to their friends by smoking. (e) Anti smoking campaigns promote the habit of smoking in the people. B. Put the following sentences in correct order. (a) Smoker's warning doesn't affect their children. (b) Cancer, bronchitis and heart attack can be caused by smoking. (c) ASH has been successful to run anti-smoking campaigns and advertisements. (d) Children smoke because of bad company as well. (e) Cigarette smoking is injurious to health.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 271 C. Answer the following questions. (a) What disease can be caused by smoking? (b) How are cancer and bronchitis caused? (c) What is the main reason of heart-attack? (d) How does ASH try to persuade the people to give up smoking? (e) What does ASH persuade the governments to do? 7. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. I always enjoy the drive into Marley. It is a good straight road, with some pleasant views of the countryside on either side. There are woods and hills, villages and farms and about halfway, a large lake. And because there is rarely much traffic in the road, I can usually enjoy the view as I drive along. Again I began to drive a little faster but the little car caught up with me whenever I slowed down, "Perhaps I am doing something wrong," I thought, I checked my lights and my indicator, but they were both in order. And I certainly had not a puncture. The man was a lunatic, I decided. Feeling rather cross, I drove off very fast, leaving the small green car behind. I did not slow down until I got to Marley. There are some traffic lights just before you cross the railway bridge into Marley and, as it happened, the lights turned red as I approached. I was still waiting there when the little green car caught up with me. The driver got out and tapped on my window. I opened it. "Can I help you?" I asked rather coldly. "I'm trying to help you!" the man said. " You see, your number plate fell off about fifteen miles back, I tried to attract your attention, but you didn't take any notice!" A. Choose the best answer from the given alternatives. a. The driver of the small green car annoyed Alex because he wanted to ______ . (i) enjoy the view (ii) drive slowly (iii) stop halfway b. Alex got away from the small green car by _____________ (i) driving very fast (ii) the traffic light (iii) the traffic c. The driver of the small green car wanted to ____________ (i) talk to Alex (ii) help Alex (iii) annoy Alex d. The man in the green car wanted to tell Alex that ________________ . (i) he had problem with the lights (ii) he had a puncture (iii) the number plate had fallen off e. The driver of the green car............... . (i) did not notice the narrator

272 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 (ii) saw the narrator (iii) called the narrator B. Complete the following sentences using the sutable words. (a) I think the car in front has a .............................. . (b) I'm trying to attract the driver's ............................. . (c) You'd better.......... There are some .......... just ahead. (d) We'd better.......... the car before we leave. C. Answer the following questions. (a) What was the road to Marley like? (b) Why did Alex usually drive slowly? (c) Who was in the small green car? (d) Why did Alex stop at the railway bridge? (e) Why did the driver of the blue car follow the writer? 8. Read the passage and answer the following questions. One cold afternoon the postman was slowly pushing his bicycle up the hill that led out of village. He was walking very carefully because there was a lot of ice on the ground. He had only one letter to deliver: this was for an old lady who lived at the top of the hill. Everyone called her "grandmother". She had lived alone ever since her daughter immigrated to Australia many years before. She always used to invite the postman in for a cup of tea whenever he took her a letter and told her about her two grand children in Australia, whom she had never seen. Of course she had a lot of photographs of them which she used to know him. Just as the postman approached her gate a small boy came running down the hill. Suddenly the boy slipped on the icy road and fell. The postman let his bicycle fall and hurried across the road to help the boy. After a quick examination he found that the boy had hurt his leg very badly. In fact, he thought that the boy's leg might be broken. He knew that "grandmother" didn’t have a telephone so he stopped a passing motorist and asked him to take the boy to Dr. Stone, who lived in a village. Dr. Stone had just retired, after returning from a voyage round the world, but he looked after the boy until they could get an ambulance to take to the hospital. A. Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the text. (a) The antonym of followed is ____________________ . (b) A person __________________ to a place is called an immigrant. (c) We can also use the word journey instead of ________________ . (d) __________ is the opposite of unmindful. (e) To hand over something is to _______________ the very thing.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 273 B. Read the text again and put the sentences in correct order. (a) The boy slipped and fell. (b) The postman stopped the motorist and took the boy to Dr. Stone. (c) The boy was taken to hospital in an ambulance. (d) A small boy came running down the hill. (e) Dr. Stone looked after the boy. C. Answer the following questions. (a) Why was the postman walking up the hill carefully? (b) Where did the grandmother live? (c) What did the postman do when the boy fall? (d) Why did the postman stop a passing motorist? 9. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. After taking the children to school one rainy morning, I stopped at a fast-food restaurant and ordered breakfast. Except for some unclear paper cups, boxes and potato chips littering the tables, there was no sign of other customers in the restaurant. A young woman walked in with a boy, aged five or six. They had no sooner sat down to order than a man, slightly hunched and wearing a tattered coat, came in. He inched towards a littered table and slowly examined each of the Boxes, looking for leftovers. When he picked up a cold French fry and put it to his mouth, the boy whispered to his mother, "Mum, that man is eating others' food!" "He is hungry and doesn't have any money," the mother whispered back. "Can we buy him a burger?" "I think he'll take only what others don't want" A. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) When the writer went to a restaurant, it was raining. (b) There were lots of customers in the restaurant. (c) Only the boy whispered to his mother. (d) The boy wanted to help the man with some food. (e) The man ate the best food that everyone liked. B. Put the following sentences in correct order. (a) A slightly hunched man in a torn coat came in. (b) A young lady with a six year old boy sat at a table. (c) The man ate a cold French fry.

274 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 (d) The man will take only leftovers. (e) The writer ordered breakfast. C. Answer the following questions. (a) Why did the boy want to buy a burger for the man? (b) What was the environment of the restaurant when the writer came in? (c) What did the man do when he moved towards a table? (d) What do you think of the boy and why? (e) Why did the man eat other's food? 10. Read the following letter and do the activities given below. 54 Manville Road, Muswell Hill, London, No 10 2nd April 2018 Dear Mr. Ratcliffe, John Smith is such a common name that I had better remind you when we met. It was at your daughter's wedding last year. Her husband David is a very old friend of mine. In fact, we were at school together- and I came up from London for the occasion. You and I had quite a long chat at the reception and I told you a great deal about my work as a journalist here in London. You said that I should get in touch with you if I ever decided to come back to Durham. At that time I had every intention of remaining in London, but since then I have changed my mind and I am now very much inclined to come back to work in my native town. My problem is this: I have been away now for so long (since 1994, in fact) that I have very few contacts in Durham. That is why I am waiting to you now. I should really be most grateful if you could put me in touch with anyone who could help or advise me. But please don't put yourself to a lot of trouble on my behalf. My best wishes to you and your wife. Yours sincerely, John Smith A. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words from the above letter. (a) The letter was sent from ................... . (b) .................... is John's occupation. (c) John asked Mr. Ratcliffe ....................... on his behalf. (d) John has been living in ....................... . (e) The writer is originally from ........................ . B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) The letter was sent to David. (b) Ratcliffe is from Muswell Hill.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 275 (c) David and John Smith were friends. (d) Ratcliffe's daughter was married to Smith. (e) Smith worked as a journalist. C. Answer the following question: (a) Where did John meet Mr. Ratcliffe? (b) What was the relationship between Mr. Ratcliffe and David? (c) What did John Smith ask Mr. Ratcliffe to do for him? (d) What is the name of John Smith's home town? (e) Why does the writer want to return to his home town? 11. Read the following film review and do the activities that follow. Chhakka Panja : Have a Journey of Laughter Chhakka Panja Genre : Comedy and social drama Director : Deepa Shree Niraula Producers : Deepak Raj Giri, Deepa Shree Niraula, Kedar Ghimire Cast : Deepak Raj Giri, Priyanka Karki, Aaryan Sigdel, Jeetu Nepal, Kedar Ghimire, Buddhi Tamang, Shivahari Poudel and Aruna Karki Release Date : 9 September 2016 The film Chhakka Panja revolves around four friends in a village — Raja (Deepak Raj Giri), Saraswoti (Jeetu Nepal), Magne (Kedar Ghimire) and Buddhi (Buddhi Tamang). Raja is rich but illiterate and enjoys life, and tells his friends to not get married or hold any job. However, he secretly has affairs with married women. Then one day Raja gets married to Champa (Priyanka Karki), and the story enters a serious mode when Champa elopes with someone else. The lives of Raja and his friends are turned upside down. Chhakka Panja is a total comedy and social drama, a story of friendship, love and revenge. It is hilarious from start to finish. With comedy and satire on society, it ‘is’ funny and takes you to Raja’s land. Deepa Shree Niraula as the debutant director has done a good job. The storyline and setting is nothing new, but the way it has been presented is different, hence refreshing. Giri’s look resembles that of Govinda’s in the Bollywood film Raja Babu. Except for Dayahang Rai and Dhurmus of Wada No. 6, the other characters are the same. One may see these characters regularly on television, but the director has presented these characters in new avatars. The first-half of the film moves with Giri and his friends’ mischievous acts and social problems — leaving one’s wife to work in a foreign country, unemployment, society’s culture to show off, poverty, domestic violence and

276 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 so on. In the middle of the second-half, the story takes a turn surprising the audience with its terrific ending. Giri justifies his role as Raja. His cunning nature, Raja Babu-style get-up and perfect comedy timing steal audience’s heart as Raja. Karki as Champa and Poudel as the mystery man do a decent job. Nepal and Ghimire tickle your funny bone with their gags and humour. Tamang as the coward husband is apt and really funny. Aruna Karki as the tigress wife Devi is natural. Aryan Sigdel in a cameo as an NRN is a treat to watch. The songs Purba Pashchim Rail and Dekhan Champa Sunana Champa — Rajan Raj Shiwakoti and Deepak Sharma’s composition — will thrill you. The background score is awesome. A. Fill in the blank spaces with appropriate words/ phrases. a. The above text is an example of …………………. . b. The first movie directed by Deepa is …………………………… . c. Deepak's performance is compared to the performance of ……………………… . d. The movie has an awesome ……………………………… . e. Raja gives his opinion against………………….though he has affairs with the married women. B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. a. Deepa is an experienced director in the film industry. b. Aryan Sigdel is the main protagonist of the movie. c. The movie is very funny from the beginning to the end. d. The actors have justified their roles in the movie. e. The songs of the movie are poor in comparison to other aspects. C. Answer the following questions. a. What is the movie about? b. Who are the major actors of the film? c. What kind of character is Raja in the movie? d. How is the second part of the movie? e. What effect the songs will have on the audience? 12. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. It was my birthday last Thursday and I decided to celebrate it by inviting a few friends out to supper. I chose a restaurant in a quiet part of the town. It is good and the waiters are friendly. It is hardly ever crowded, however, because few people know about it. So it is not usually necessary to book a table, in my case, Thursday is not a busy evening as a rule.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 277 When we entered the restaurant, I was surprised, therefore, to find it completely full. I looked around but not a single table was free. One of the waiters recognised me. He came across and explained the situation. "A party of tourist came in about half an hour ago," he said, "It was like an invasion!" Suddenly the place was full. We can hardly manage. The waiter then pointed to a table in the corner. "The people there are just about to leave," he said. "Just hold on and you'll find a place there." He was right. Fifteen minutes later, the people at the corner table paid their bill, got up and left. I led my friends across and we all sat down. Unfortunately, our table was almost out of sight. We tried to attract the attention of the waiter who sent us there but like all other waiters, he was busy with the party of tourists. They ordered enormous quantities of food. But at last nearly an hour later, the tourists were finishing their meal and looking very pleased with life. The waiter, now very tired, appeared at our table. I advised the best dishes to my friends and finally the waiter went off with our order. A few moments later he came back to our table. We could tell from his face that he had bad news for us; full of apologies, he informed us that there was no meat or fish left. "All we can offer you," He said, "is an omelette." A. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given and rewrite the sentences. (a) The restaurant was favourite because ___________________. (i) it was cheap (ii) the food was good (iii) it was quite near (b) The writer was surprised in the restaurant when he found _________ . (c) (i) the restaurant was full (ii) the writer was busy There was nothing left except _____________________ . (iii) the food was nasty (i) fish (ii) meat (iii) omelette (d) The tourists looked _____________________________ . (i) very tired (ii) very pleased (iii) very excited (e) The restaurant was located ______________________ . (i) in a crowded part of the city. (ii) in a quiet part of the town. (iii) away from the town. B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) The waiter invited some friends out to lunch to celebrate his birthday. (b) The waiter did not come to their table nearly half an hour. (c) The waiter who apologised didn't take their order. (d) He was able to advise his friends about the food. (e) The restaurant was full that evening.

278 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 C. Answer the following questions. (a) Where was the restaurant? (b) Why did the writer choose that restaurant? (c) Why was he surprised? (d) Why did the waiter apologise? (e) What was the bad news for the writer and his friends? 13. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. Rebuja was a young priest in the temple of Aplirodite at Sestos, a small town by the sea. One day she was serving in the temple and a young man called Leander saw her and fell in love with her. He soon discovered that she also loved and he promised to visit her secretly every night. Leander lived at Abelos. And between Abelos and Sestos, there ran the narrow sea passage called the Hallespont. The way across the Hallespont was dangerous: the sea near was often stormy and it was full of hidden rocks. Leander however was a good swimmer, and he said he would swim across the Hallespont every night. Rebuja promised to put a lamp in the temple tower and the light showed him the way across the sea. One dark stormy night, however the lamp was blown out by the wind. Poor Leander struggling in the stormy seas, couldn't find the way. Restless, he drowned. The next morning Rebuja found his dead body lying in the seashore. Realising that he had lost his way because of her carelessness and she, too, drowned. A. Choose the best answer. (a) Leander saw Rebuja first while she was .............................. . (i) lying beside the seashore (ii) praying in the temple (ii) waiting for love (b) The Hallespont was ....................... . (i) a small river coming from the hill (ii) temple situated between Abelos and Sestos (iii) narrow passage of the sea (c) Leander told him that he could swim .......................... the river. (i) across (ii) through (iii) on (d) Leander got drowned because ................................ . (i) he didn't know well to swim (ii) the way was dangerous (iii) the lamp was blown out

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 279 (e) Rebuja realised that .......................... . (i) it was his mistake to lose his way (ii) it was her mistake that he lost way (iii) no one was responsible for this B. State whether the following statements are true or false. (a) Leander was priest in the temple of Apilodite. (b) Rebuja was married to Leander. (c) Both Leander and Rebuja loved each other. (d) Rebuja didn't light the lamp. (e) This is a tragic story. C. Answer the following questions. (a) Who was Rebuja? (b) Where was the temple situated? (c) How did Leander come from his village to meet Rebuja every night? (d) Why was the way from Abelos to Sestos dangerous? (e) Why was Leander drowned? 14. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. Examinations are formidable even to the best prepared. It is because that greatest fool may ask more than the wisest can answer. The fear of examinations saps the courage of examinees. The bright as well as the weakest examinees tremble with unexpected fear on the night before the examination. The night before the examination is a test of the examinees' fortitude and endurance. They prepare the selected questions holding their breaths. Even the brilliant ones are cautious about their exams because a single bad performance is enough to ruin their career. Uncertainty of results upsets brilliant students and the ideas of failure make the poor ones nervous. The average students are the luckiest among all. They are neither ambitious nor nervous. They take examinations as a matter of fun. They neither weep if they get a third division nor cry if they get plucked. There are some other students who are proud of studying in the same class for four or five years. The average dunces eat, drink and remain merry. They don't burn midnight oil like the bright ones and so face the failure like the poor ones. They are border line cases. They pass if they get their choices. A. Match the words in Column A' with their meaning in Column 'B'. Column A Column B (a) sap (i) to make somebody/something weaker (b) formidable (ii) the ability to do something difficult for a long time (c) fortitude (iii) a child at school who is slow to learn (d) dunce (iv) bravery over a long period (e) endurance (v) fearful

280 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 B. Write whether each of the following sentences is true or false. (a) Examinations frighten all the examinees. (b) The average students are neither ambitious nor nervous. (c) Brilliant students take examination as a matter of fun. (d) The brilliant students are the luckiest among all. (e) Average students are either nervous or ambitious. C. Answer the following questions. (a) In what sense are the examinations formidable? (b) How do the brilliant students prepare for their examinations? (c) Why are the brilliant students cautious about their exam? (d) What effect does exam fear have on students? (e) Why does the author think the average students are lucky? 15. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. One day Mr. and Mrs. Brown went up to London to do some shopping. They had a busy day, though in the end, they did not buy very much, and by about four o'clock they were both looking forward to having a cup of tea. They found a restaurant but, just before they went in, Mrs. Brown remembered that she had to buy some medicine for their son, who had a bad cough. While she was in the chemist's, her husband noticed a bookshop on the other side of the street. He went across to have a look in the window and saw a copy of a novel written by an author who was famous in the last century. He had always been especially, interested in this writer, so he went in and bought the book. His wife was waiting for him when he came out. He showed her the book, but she did not look at all pleased; she always used to say that the old books he bought made her house look dirty. After they had their cup of tea, they caught the train back to the seaside town where they lived. Much to their surprise, an ex-neighbour of theirs, whom they had not seen for years, got into the same compartment. They were both pleased to see him, after all these years, but, as they soon remembered, he was a great talker. If he got the opportunity, he would talk for hours. However, he happened to notice the book which Mr. Brown had bought and he picked it up to examine the title. He opened the book and as he did so, his eyes lit up. He asked Mr. Brown how much he had paid for it. Mrs. Brown told him: Only a few shillings. The man said he was very lucky: the book was rare edition and was worth several pounds. A. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) Mr. and Mrs. Brown bought a lot of things in London. (b) Mr. Brown did not like her husband to buy old books.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 281 (c) Browns met their ex-neighbour on a train. (d) Mr. Brown showed the book he bought to his ex- neighbour. (e) The book was worthy. B. Rewrite the following sentences in a correct order. (a) He took and opened Mr. Brown's books (b) Mr. and Mrs. Brown had a cup of tea each. (c) In the train, they met their old neighbour. (d) Mrs. Brown went to a medicine store to buy some cough syrup. (e) Browns were travelling on train. C. Answer the following questions. (a) Why did Mrs. Brown go to the chemist's? (b) What did Mr. Brown do while his wife was at the chemist's? (c) Why didn't Mrs. Brown like old books? (d) What remark did the man make about the book? (e) Why did the Browns look happy when they met their neighbour in the compartment? 16. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. When Tom decided to go on a holiday to England, he wrote to a friend of his who was living in London and asked if he could meet him at the airport. The friend wrote back to say that he would be there. So Tom was rather surprised when he reached the airport to find that his friend had not turned up. He walked around for a short while and then, because he had a slight headache, went into the restaurant and had a cup of strong, black coffee. After that he felt much better. He bought a couple of magazines at the bookstall and went into the lounge to read them. He felt sure that his friend would come fairly soon, though he was beginning to get worried. He had just started to read his magazine when his friend arrived, with a young lady. Tom's friend apologised for being late and explained what had happened. Apparently he had arranged to meet the young lady at six o'clock, just outside the underground station not far from where he was living. The young lady, who had only travelled on the underground ones before, had set out in good time but unfortunately she had got on a train going in the wrong direction. She travelled for several steps before she realised this, because the train was very crowded and she could not see the names of stations. By the time she got to the right station, she was nearly three quarters of an hour late. A. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) Tom expected to find his friend waiting at the airport. (b) He went to look for his friend in the restaurant. (c) He went back to the restaurants to read his magazines.

282 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 (d) Tom's friend lived far from the underground station. (e) Tom was beginning to get angry with his friend. B. Re-write the following sentences in correct order. (a) He started telling Tom the cause of being late. (b) Tom's friend did come there, even if it was late. (c) Tom made sure he would find his friend at the airport. (d) The young lady made Tom's friend wait for her about 45 minutes. (e) Tom was going on a holiday. C. Answer the following questions. (a) Why did Tom write to his friend? (b) Why did Tom want a cup of black coffee? (c) What did Tom's friend do when he arrived? (d) How often had the young lady travelled on the underground? (e) Why did Tom become late? 17. Read the passage and do the activities that follow. As soon as Philip came from work, he decided to cook dinner. He put some oil in a pan on the stove. Then he went into his drawing room and watched a football match on TV. When he watched football match for about ten minutes, it was 8 o'clock in the evening. It was time for news. The news came on TV. He was watching the news. In the middle of the news broadcast, the newsreader said that a house was on fire. He saw the house burning on TV. He gave much attention to the news. He wanted to know whose house it was, where it was, how it caught fire and whether any people were killed, injured or rescued. Suddenly he remembered the pan of oil on the gas stove. The stove was on. He was going to fry some chicken which he liked very much. But he supposed that some dangerous thing happened in the kitchen. He thought that the oil on pan was burnt down. He was very worried and rushed into the kitchen. He found that the oil on the pan was burning down. His kitchen was full of smoke. He saw the flame coming from the pan. Luckily, he was able to put out the gas. A. Match the remarks in Column 'A' with their right continuations in column 'B'. Column A Column B a. Philip began to cook dinner i. he had left the gas stove on. b. He watched football ii. the oil on the pan was burning. c. A house was on fire iii. as soon as he had come from work. d. When he entered into the kitchen iv. while cooking dinner. e. He remembered that v. while he was watching the news.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 283 B. Put the following sentences into correct order. (a) Philip got relief when the kitchen became free from smoke. (b) He remembered the oil on pan and rushed into kitchen. (c) He decided to cook dinner and put oil in a pan. (d) He started watching news on TV. (e) He saw the house was burning. C. Answer the following questions. (a) What did Philip do as soon as he came home? (b) What did he see on TV? (c) What did he want to know when he saw the burning house? (d) What was he worried about? (e) Why did he get relief? 18. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. Mother Teresa, a brave woman learned a few basic medical skills and began to live among the poor with only five rupees with her. In December 1948, she started her first school in the slums of Kolkatta. She wore blue bordered white sari with a cross on the shoulder which later on became the dress of sisters of missionaries of charity. Her first recruit, a Bengali girl, came to her to be a part of her work. The nuns at first worked only in the slum schools, but soon they found that there were around them people dying in the streets of Kolkatta, people who were unloved and unwanted. These people had to be helped. Mother Teresa worked for the dying destitute for her whole life. She was given the Novel Prize for her work. A. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) Living among the poor made Teresa learn the basic medical skills. (b) In 1948, Teresa joined the school for her study. (c) It was a Bengali girl who first came to work with Teresa. (d) Missionaries of charity worked for the poor. (e) The nuns only worked in the slum schools. B. Put the sentences in correct order. (a) She established a mission of charity. (b) Later, the mission started working for the poor. (c) Mother Teresa learned a few basic medical skills to live among the poor. (d) The mission gave the poor love and medical support. (e) At first the nuns taught in slum schools. C. Answer the following questions. (a) What helped Mother Teresa work for the poor?

284 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 (b) What dress do the sisters of missionary of charity wear? (c) When did the first recruit join Mother Teresa and who was she? (d) Who do the sisters of missionaries of charity help? (e) How was Mother Teresa honoured? 19. Read the passage given below and do the activities that follow. There was once an honest gentleman who took his second wife, the proudest and most disagreeable lady in the whole country. She had two daughters exactly like herself. He himself had one little girl, who resembled her dead mother. Scarcely had the second marriage taken place before the stepmother became jealous of the good qualities of the little girl, who was so great in contrast to her own two daughters. She gave her all the hard works of the house, compelling her to wash the floors and staircases, to dust the bedroom, and clean the gates. With mirrors, where the two daughters could see themselves from head to foot, this poor little girl was sent to sleep in an attic, on an old straw mattress, with only one chair and no looking-glass in the room. She suffered all in silence not daring to complain to her father, who was entirely ruled by his new wife. When her daily work was done, she used to sit down in the chimney corner among the ashes, from which the two sisters gave her the nick-name of "Cinderella". But Cinderella, however shabbily clad, was more beautiful than they were, with all their fine clothes. A. Rewrite the following sentences putting in the correct order. (a) The stepmother was very jealous of Cinderella. (b) Cinderella couldn't complain to her father. (c) The gentlemen's second wife was very proud and disagreeable. (d) Cinderella's father married his second wife after her mother's death. (e) She used to sit down in the chimney-corner. B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) Cinderella was similar to her two sisters. (b) She was jealous of her step-mother. (c) Cinderella's father was fully controlled by his second wife. (d) Cinderella's two sisters were so great in comparison to her. (e) Cinderella was the most beautiful member of the family. C. Answer the following questions. (a) What kind of woman did Cinderella's father marry after her mother's death? (b) In what way was Cinderella different from her step-sisters? (c) What sort of work was Cinderella given? (d) What did Cinderella use to do after her daily work? (e) Why did Cinderella not complain against her stepmother to her father?

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 285 20. Read the following passage and do the tasks given below. A man is usually very afraid of death. Truly, the death ceases a beautiful life. He doesn't wish to be dead because there is much pleasure in life in this world. There are some people like Socrates and Rabindranath Tagore who believed that a man must not be afraid of death. After death, he enters into the heaven of pleasure. This ideology has not been universal. Most people do not believe that there is life after death. Neither any biologist can prove Socrates's idea. After death a man is no more than a non-living thing. The body becomes a stone or soil having no any life. A Hindu may be scared from such idea. He will claim that the body must be burned. A Muslim will say that it should be buried. Likewise, most people will like to follow the ritual. A. Match the words in column 'A' with their meanings in column 'B' . Column A Column B a) pleasure i) existing at all times and in all places b) universal ii) worthy of religious worship c) ideology iii) a feeling of happiness or satisfaction d) sacred iv) a formal ceremony which is always performed in the same way e) ritual v) the set of beliefs of a person or a group. B. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements. (a) No men get afraid of death. (b) Truly, the death ceases the beautiful life. (c) After death men enter into the pleasure of heaven. (d) Biologists have proved Socrates's idea. (e) People want to keep themselves away from death rituals. C. Answer the following questions. (a) Why doesn't a man wish to be dead? (b) What does death do? (c) Why are Socrates and Rabindranath Tagore different from others? (d) Why do many people not believe about re-birth? (e) How do Hindus and Muslims differ in their funeral rituals?

286 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 21. Read the given text and do the activities that follow: [15] Laxmi Prasad Devkota, son of Tilmadhav Devkota and Amar Rajya Laxmi Devi, was born in Dillibazar, Kathmandu in 1909 at a time when the Hindus including, his family, were worshiping Laxmi, the goddess of wealth, his parents took his birth as the greatest gift of the Goddess and accordingly, named him Laxmi Prasad— the blessings of Goddess Laxmi. Devkota’s father was a scholar in Sanskrit language. Laxmi Prasad Devkota got his basic education at home under the custodianship of his father. He completed Bachelor’s Degree in liberal arts and law. Right after earning his bachelor’s degree, Devkota started working as a personal tutor—a rigorous job, that lasted for hours every day. He had to do that to support his family. During Devkota’s time, the country was under Rana’s dictatorial regime. Young Devkota knew the importance of education and he vowed to do something to help educate the mass, but the idea was not well received by the then Rana rulers who believed in the idea that the general people should continue to remain illiterate so that any chance of gaining anti-establishment consciousness always remained bleak. Devkota knew this, and was therefore, determined to foiling the Rana’s insidious design as much as he could. Devkota went to Banaras, India, where he used to sell his poems for survival. He also worked as an editor of Yugvani a Nepali magazine in Banaras and gave continuity to his writing. After he returned to Kathmandu, he wrote Muna Madan—an epic poem based on folk verses. This book is about a poor man’s hunt for wealth in order to fulfill his mother’s dream. Madan, the protagonist, goes to Lhasa in the present-day China to earn his fortune. It is said that Devkota, when he was in death bed, had asked his friends and relatives to preserve Muna Madan even if all other works were to be burnt. Muna Madan’s popularity made the Ranas appoint Devkota a member of the Nepal Bhasanuwad Parishad. During this period, Devkota wrote the epic, Shakuntala, in three months. Devkota is a versatile writer and has tried with hands with extraordinary success in many genres, including poems, epics, prose, essays, plays and fictions. But he is basically a poet. The influence of western romantic poets like William Wordsworth, John Keats and PB Shelley is seen quite apparent in him. Devkota, throughout his life, wrote in favor of the human, and to him, an egalitarian society with faith in work and the primacy of humanity and love was central. He located divinity in human beings and argued that service to the humanity was the only path to attain divinity. His poem “Yatri” claims that God kisses hands that are working, and he appeals human to wash the wounds off the hands of ailing men.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 287 Devkota has also written essays, one act plays and novels. Despite holding some important and high-ranking positions—a lecturer, a minister, for example—Devkota’s financial status was always precarious and he had to struggle a lot for survival. But the difficulties he suffered never deterred him from writing and making contribution to Nepali literature. The contribution Devkota made to enrich the Nepali literature will always be written down with golden letter. We cannot imagine the state of Nepali literature without Laxmi Prasad Devkota. Recognizing his unprecedented contribution in the field of literature, he was honored as a life member of the Nepal Academy. Devkota was conferred with the title of ‘Mahakabi’ (Poet the Great). He died of cancer in 1959. A. Rewrite these sentences in correct order. [5 × 1 = 5] a. Devkota went to Banaras, India. b. He got basic education from his father. c. He worked as an editor of Yugvani. d. Devkota was conferred with the title of ‘Mahakabi’. e. Devkota started working as a personal tutor. B. Match column 'A' with its proper continuation in column 'B'. [5 × 1 = 5] Column 'A' Column 'B' a. Laxmi Prasad Devkota i. discouraged b. Muna Madan ii. Mahakabi (poet the Great) c. Versatile iii. an epic poem d. Protagonist iv. embracing a variety of subjects, skills. e. Deterred v. the leading actor vi. encouraged C. Answer these questions. [5 × 1 = 5] a. Why did Tilmadhav name his son Laxmi Prasad? b. How did Devkota survive when he went to Banaras? c. When did he write Shakuntala? d. What should we do to attain divinity according to his poem ‘Yatri’? e. Why was he honoured as a life member of National Academy?

288 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 22. Read the following story and do the tasks that follow: (15) A woman was waiting at an airport one night, with several long hours before her flight. She hunted for a book in the airport shops, bought a bag of cookies and found a place to drop. She was engrossed in her book but happened to see, that the man sitting beside her, as bold as could be, grabbed a cookie or two from the bag in between. She tried to ignore to avoid a scene. So she munched the cookies and watched the clock, as the gusty cookie thief diminished here stock. She was getting more irritated as the minutes ticked by, thinking, “If I wasn’t so nice, I would blacken his eye.” With each cookie she took, he took one too. When only one was left, she wondered what he would do. With a smile on his face and a nervous laugh, he took the last cookie and broke it in half. He offered her one of the halves and ate the other. She snatched it from him and thought, “This guy has some nerve and he’s also rude. Why he didn’t even show any gratitude!” She had never known that she had been so galled and sighed with relief when her flight was called. She gathered her belongings and headed to the gate, refusing to look back at the thieving ingrate. She boarded the plane, and sank in her seat, and then she sought her book, which was almost complete. As she reached in her baggage, she gasped with surprise, there was her bag of cookies, in front of her eyes. “If mine are here”, she moaned in despair, “the others were his, and he tried to share.” Too late to apologize, she realized with grief, that she was the rude one, the ingrate, the thief. A. As per the instructions below, suggest a word from among the underlined ones in the text. [5 × 1 = 5] a. The word ______ is the antonym of increased. b. We can use the word ______ instead of many. c. The word ______ gives the opposite meaning to pleased. d. The word ______ means thankfulness. e. When we have no hopes we are said to be in ______. B. Answer the following questions. [5 × 1 = 5] a. What two things did the lady buy at the airport? b. Why do you think the man must have been surprised? c. How was the last cookie eaten? d. Why did the woman think the man was rude? e. Did the woman apologize for her mistake? Why not?

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 289 C. Put the following sentences in the correct sequence so that they make the summary of the story. [5 × 1 = 5] a. A man with a bag of cookies was sitting next to the woman. b. Both the man and the woman ate the cookies from the same bag. c. The woman realized her mistake as she found her cookie bag safe after boarding the plane. d. A woman was waiting for her flight reading a book. e. The woman was, in fact, the ingrate which she thought the man was. 23. Read the text and do the activities that follow: [15] Air quality in New Delhi plummeted to a dangerous level on Wednesday, putting residents at risk, mainly due to dust storms from western India, a senior official at the pollution control board said. The air quality index, which measures the concentration of poisonous particulate matter in the air, hit the "severe" level of 445, on a scale where the maximum reading is 500 and where anything above 100 is considered unhealthy by the Central Pollution Control Board, its website showed. "Due to the high wind speeds, dust particles are being transported from Rajasthan," said VK Shukla, the scientist in charge of the Air Lab at the Central Pollution Control Board. At the severe level, even healthy people will be affected while those who have existing diseases will be severely impacted, the board's website showed. "The situation is likely to remain the same for the next 2 days." Shukla said, citing the weather office's forecast. Air quality has worsened in New Delhi in recent years, prompting Prime Minister Narendra Modi's office to directly monitor measures to clean up the capital's air. Vehicle exhaust emissions in a city with limited public transport, emissions from thermal power stations and swirling construction dust are the main pollutants of air in New Delhi, which worsens in winter months due to illegal crop burning in the farm states surrounding the landlocked capital city. A damning report by the world Health Organisation last month said India was home to the world's 14 most polluted cities, with Delhi ranked sixth most polluted. According to the US Embassy's real – time air quality index, the air quality was so poor in some parts of Delhi on Wednesday that it was beyond the maximum level. It stood at 999, beyond which no readings are available, for RK Puram, Wazirpur and Okhla area among others.

290 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 A. Match the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’. [5 × 1 = 5] Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’ a. plummeted i. making follow up b. severe ii. fell suddenly c. exhaust iii. extremely bad d. swirling iv. waste gases e. damning v. moving around in a circle vi. critical of somebody/something B. Write ‘True’ for true statements and ‘False’ for the false ones. [5 × 1 = 5] a. Above the index of 100, air pollution level is considered unhealthy. b. At the severe level, healthy people are also affected. c. According to the official forecast, the worse situation remains for a week. d. The Ministry of Environment is applying direct monitoring measures to improve the pollution. e. On Wednesday, air pollution level reached beyond the maximum level in some parts of Delhi. C. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. What is the main cause of falling air quality to a dangerous level in New Delhi? b. What does the air quality index measure? c. What causes dust particles being transported from Rajasthan? d. What are the main air pollutants in New Delhi? e. According to the World Health Organization, what is the rank of New Delhi among the most polluted cities? 24. Read the given text and do the activities that follow: [15] Nepalaya publication house is all set to release 'Kabi Shiromani Rachanawali' a five–volume compilation, which includes all the literary works of Kabi Shiromani Lekhanath Paudel. Born in Arghaun Archale, a village east of Pokhara, Poet Lekhnath Paudel (1884– 1966) is towering icon of Nepali Literature. He was praised as an 'Academician of Saintly Imagination' by Mahakabi Laxmi Prasad Devkota. Issuing a press statement today, Nepalaya said, "Poet Lekhnath Paudel; also known as Kabi Shiromani's unpublished works, as well as a collection of other published works, have been complied in this collection." Kiran Krishna Shrestha of Nepalaya said the initiation was taken to preserve important works of Nepali literature by legendary author; is to be cherished and enjoyed by reader now and in the future.

Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 291 "I remember writer Jagadish Ghimire expressing his wish to see Baba's work being published," says Dr. Prativa Pandey, Paudel's grand daughter. His wish coupled with Professor Sanat Wasti's initiative and support from family members along with members of Lekhnath foundation have resulted in this publication, it said in the statement. "I am extremely glad to see the quality of work put into this publication", she added. The book edited by Sanat Kumar Wasti will be released on Monday, which coincides with the Poet's death anniversary. The value added limited edition of 'Kabi Shiromani Rachanwali' comes as a set of five hardbound books with a price tag of NPRs. 6975, as stated in the statement. A. Match the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’. [5 × 1 = 5] Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’ a. release i. a plan for dealing b. icon ii. have a pleasant feeling c. cherish iii. to make something available to the public d. initiative iv. takes place at the same time e. coincides v. makes a part of something vi. famous person B. Write ‘T’ for true statements and ‘F’ for the false statements. [5 × 1 = 5] a. Kabi Shiromani Rachanawali is the collection of all the published works of Lekhanath Paudel. b. Lekhnath Paudel was born in Pokhara. c. Dr. Prativa Pandey is poet’s granddaughter. d. Sanat Kumar Wasti is the writer of the Rachnawali. e. Kabi Shiromani Rachanawali is a set of five hundred books with a price tag of NPRs. 6975. C. Answer the following questions: [5 × 1 = 5] a. What does Kabi Shiromani Rachanawali include? b. How did Mahakabi Laxmi Prasad Devklota praise Lekhnath Poudel? c. Why was the collection published in the complied form? d. How was Nepalaya able to publish the Rachanawali? e. Why has the publication house planned to release the book on Monday? 25. Read the following text and do the tasks that follow: [15] The more you know about plants and foods, the healthier you will be. Some foods can provide you with essential vitamins to keep you healthy, but some foods can make you sick. It is very important to know how to distinguish between the two.

292 Oasis Applied English Grammar Book-9 You also need to learn how to keep foods safe and prevent them from spoiling. There’s so much to learn. There is a lot to learn about plants people eat, such as how to grow them and how to prepare them for eating. Scientists can learn how to keep them safe to eat. Sometimes people who don’t know something can make a mistake. For example, some mushrooms are poisonous, and people need to know which those are so they don’t eat them. People need to know about plants in order to stay healthy. If you don’t know about foods and plants, you can make a big mistake. You need to know which plants are safe to eat. At one time, people feared the tomato, because they believed it to be poisonous. They thought it was dangerous because it grows on a vine that looks like a poisonous plant called nightshade. Therefore, in the early 1800s, people in the United States were afraid to eat it. It took several years before the tomato was accepted as a food in the United States. Today, it is a big part of the American diet. It’s found in things like soup and ketchup. Any food can become a source of sickness if it’s not stored safely. Tomatoes can be dangerous if they rot, and so can most other foods if they are not stored properly. One way to store food safely is to dry it. Before people invented cans, they used to dry food to store it for long periods of time. For example, they would dry tomatoes in the sun. Today, people still eat sun-dried tomatoes. A. Write ‘True’ for true statements and ‘False’ for false statements. (5 × 1 = 5) a. Many of the edible food items give us significant vitamins. b. Some plants are really good for consumption while others are not. c. People knew that they should not eat the plant called mushroom. d. Today, many fast food items are consumed with rotten tomatoes. e. In the past, people in the United States used to dry tomatoes to store them for a long time period. B. Match the descriptions in column ‘A’ with the correct words in column ‘B’. One word does not have a match. (5 × 1=5) Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’ a. Involving possible injury, pain, harm or loss i. essential b. Of the utmost importance ii. sickness c. Produced for the first time iii. poisonous d. To make as separate or different iv. dangerous e. Producing a toxic substance that causes v. invented injury or death vi. distinguished C. Answer the following questions: (5 × 1 = 5) a. In what way does knowledge of plants and foods help us? b. Why is it important to learn more about plants we eat? c. How do scientists help us? d. What is the mistake that people sometimes make? e. “Today it is a big part of the American diet”. What does ‘it’ in this sentence mean?