English Skills 4

f. Bhanuisaverygoodrunner.Ithinkhewillwinthegold...............................
this time.

g. There is a chess tournament in our school. I’m going to .........................
h. I’m not in the drama club. I don’t like to ............................... in front of

people.
i. Bhola’s family is quite ........................... Everyone is fond of music.

13 Complete the word puzzle. The words are in the reading text
and meanings of the words are given below.

1D

2A 3 4C

E

5C

6E

7R 8E

ACROSS DOWN

3 Feeling or showing happiness 1 Having a very pleasant taste

5 Short form for champion 2 Someone who sings, dances or
6 The act of showing something, for paints
example works of art 4 An event in which people compete

7 Aplace where you can buy and eat 8 To be happy for doing something
a meal

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Grammar
like + -ing

We often use -ing form after the verb like or hate.
I like playing football.
I hate wearing black shirts.
I don’t like watching TV serials.

14 Complete the sentences. Use the –ing form of the
verbs given below.

drive swim play go
listen talk watch

Maria hates playing the piano.
a. My brother loves ......................... his car.
b. I like ......................... to my friends on the phone.
c. My dad doesn’t like ......................... to loud music.
d. My friends enjoy ......................... in the river.
e. We love ......................... to the cinema.
f. Punam hates ......................... horror movies.

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Speaking

15 Talk about hobbies with your partner. Practise saying at
least one sentence using each of the given structures.

I like… I don’t like… I love… I hate… I enjoy…

going to the cinema reading newspaper
swimming painting
playing computer games dancing
listening to music playing the guitar
going to the parties reading a novel

You can add a few more activities and talk.

Listening

16 Listen to Kate, Jimmy and Phurbu. Put (√) next to the
things they like and (×) next to the things they don’t
like.

Kate

football

tennis

karate

Jimmy Phurbu

reading comics climbing a mountain

going to the cinema talking to tourists

playing computer games taking photographs

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Speaking

17 Sit in pairs and talk about the three teenagers.

A: What’s Kate’s hobby?

B: Kate likes playing tennis, but she doesn’t like playing football.

A: Does she like Karate?

B: ....

Grammar

Negation

Reminder! If you have an auxiliary verb, add ‘not’ after it to make the
sentence negative.
She is smart. - She is not smart.
She has spent all her money. - She has not spent all her money.
If you do not have an auxiliary verb in the sentence use do/ does/ or did +
not + base from of the verb to change into negative.
They liked football. - They did not like football.
She goes to work on Saturday- She does not go to work on Saturday.

18 Change the given statements into negative.

a. Monika hates chocolates.

b. They are listening to music.

c. Sajana likes chow mein.

d. Sampanna is taller than me.

e. They have finished their work.

f. Anita loved eating vegetables.

g. I enjoy watching movies.

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Reading

19 Read and learn.

What to feed a dragon

-by Kimber Krochmal

I have a new pet dragon.
He followed me from a dream.
But I can’t tell my mom,
It would only make her scream.

I tried to feed him fried rice,
But he didn’t like the spice.
So I tried to feed him apple sauce,
But he said it made his eyes cross.

I tried to feed him gingerbread,
But he said it only hurt his head.
So I tried to feed him peanut butter,
But it got stuck and made him stutter.

I tried to feed him watermelon pie,
But that, he said, he wouldn’t try.
So I tried to feed him sprinkle cake,
But he said that would keep him awake.

I tried to feed him last night’s dessert,
But he said it made his stomach hurt.
So I tried to feed him some fish,
But he really didn’t like that dish.

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Then I tried to feed him cheese,
That’s when he said “more please”.
Now my mum is wondering why,
We can’t keep cheese in the house.
I heard her last night telling Dad,
She thinks we have a mouse.

Comprehension

20 Answer the following questions.

a. Why wouldn't the dragon eat rice?
b. Why wouldn’t the dragon eat sprinkle cake?
c. What type of poem is this, fiction or fantasy? Why do you think so?
d. Whichofthesesentencesdescribessomethingthatcouldhappenin

real life?
a. Last night’s dessert made my dragon’s stomach hurt.
b. I told my mum that I have a pet dragon.
c. I tried to feed my pet dragon applesauce.
d. My pet dragon said, “More please.”
e. Lines 27 and 28 of the poem say:

My mum is wondering why,
We can’t keep cheese in the house.

What do the lines mean?
a. Mum wonders why the cheese smells rotten.
b. Mum thinks the cheese needs to be kept outside.
c. Mum wonders why the store is out of cheese.
d. Mum wonders why the cheese keeps disappearing.

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14Lesson Expressing Abilities

Get started

1 Look at the pictures and discuss.

a. Can you identify the sports shown in the pictures?
b. Can you play the sports shown here?

2 Listen and sing. -by Nur Eagle fly Villarin
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If I can see it, then I can do it
If I just believe it, there's nothing to it
I believe I can fly
I believe I can touch the sky
I think about it every night and day
Spread my wings and fly away
I believe I can soar
I see me running through that open door
I believe I can fly × 3

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Conversation

3 Sit in pairs and practise. Then, discuss the questions.

Adil: So Anju, are you good at sports?
Anju: I am pretty good at sports. I can play basketball and baseball,
and I can run fast, but I cannot jump that high.
Adil: Can you play football?
Anju: No, I cannot play football well because I am not good at kicking
the ball.
a. What sports is Anju good at?
b. Why does Anju think she is not good at football?

Grammar

Can, could and be able to

Positive Negative Question Short answers

I/You/ He/ I/ You/ He/ Can I/ you/ Yes, I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ they/
She/It/They/ She/ It/ They/ he/ she/ it/ we can.
We can fly. We can’t / they/ we Or
cannot fly. fly? No, I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ they/
we can’t.

You can talk about present ability using can. Could is used to talk about
past ability. You can also use be (is/ am/ are) able to to talk about present
ability and be (was/were) able to to talk about past ability.

I could somersault, but now I can’t.

I couldn’t lift 20 kg before, now I can.

They can play the guitar now,
but they could not last year.
You can use was/ were able to +base form of a verb to talk about

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certain time when you could do something but not always.
For example, you play chess with your dad or brother. You might lose most
of the times but yesterday, you were able to defeat him.

4 Look at the activities in the box. Write sentences about
what you can or can’t do.

ride a bicycle play chess
draw cartoons cook a meal
sing a song in English swim underwater
swim 200 metres jump a metre
say the alphabet in English count to 100 in English

I can ride a bicycle. I can’t play chess.

Now write five sentences about what you couldn’t do before but now
you can.

5 Fill in the gaps with can, can’t, could, couldn’t and was/
were (not) able.

a. I’m right handed. I __________________ write with my left hand.
b. People think that witches ___________________ do magic.
c. I ___________________ pass through that small hole last year but

now I ___________________.
d. HeistallandstrongbutlastweekI___________________toknock

him down.
e. Therewasnointernet.ThusI___________________tosendyouthe

email.

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f. You don’t have to shout. I ___________________ hear you well.
g. He ___________________ play last week because he was hurt.
h. She is very good at music. She ___________________play three

instruments.
i. Madhuisbornformaths.She___________________dolargesumsin

her head.
j. He spoke so fast. I ___________________to understand.

6 Can you ….? Ask and answer. Use the clues given in
Exercise 15.

Yes, I can.

Can you ride
a bicycle?

No, I can’t.

Can you play
chess?

Reading

7 Read and learn.

Cricket

Cricket is a famous game across the world now. Cricket is a bat-and-
ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a field at the
centre of which is a rectangular 22 - yard long pitch. Each team takes
turn to bat, attempting to score runs, while the other team fields. Each
turn is known as an inning.

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Cricket is considered as the second most
popular game in the world, football being
the first. The game has more than 2.5 billion
fans. This is the only game in which Nepal
has made a way up to a notable ranking.
Cricket has different formats and rankings
depend on the format. There are only 12
Test Playing nations in the world and there
are 20 nations with One-Day status. Nepal
is not a country with Test status yet. In One-
Day International format, Nepal stands at
the 16th position now. In T-20 International
Nepal stands at the 12th position, ahead of
Ireland, a test playing nation.

When cricket is getting popular in Nepal, you might want to know the
history of this game. Here is a short history of cricket.

Some form of cricket was played as early as the 14th century in
England. The game was called Creag. But in the 16th century it got
a name creckett. However, it became a sport in the 17th century. It
started in the south-east of England. By the end of the 17th century
cricket had become an organised activity being played, and the first
professional cricketers appeared in 1660.

The game underwent major development in the 18th century and became
the national sport of England.

In the middle of the 19th century it became well established in India,
North America, the Caribbean, South Africa, Australia and New
Zealand. In 1844 the first international cricket match took place
between the United States and Canada. In 1859, a team of England
players went on the first overseas tour to North America.

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In Nepal, Madan Shamsher introduced cricket but it was for only the
Ranas and the rich. It took a long time for cricket to get popular in
Nepal. It was only in the 1990s, cricket started to be popular among
people here. Nepal played its first ever international match in 1996.
Since then, Nepal has taken part in several international matches.
The national team played the T-20 World Cup in 2014 in Bangladesh.

Vocabulary

8 Match the words with similar meaning.

a. overseas ____ popular
b. famous ____ be present
c. attempting ____ remarkable
d. notable ____ trying
e. professional ____ in, from or to other countries
f. appear ____ relatedtoworkthatneedspecial

training

Comprehension

9 Are these statements true or false? Write.

a. Cricket’s first name was Creag.

b. Cricket is a British sport at the origin.
c. There are 23 players in total.
d. Cricket became officially a sport in the 16th century.

e. First international match was held between England and New Zealand.

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10 Answer the following questions.

a. What is the aim of each team in cricket?
b. What does an inning mean?
c. What are the three major formats of cricket?
d. Who introduced Cricket in Nepal?
e. When was cricket introduced in Nepal?
f. Which cricket world cup did Nepal participate in?

11 Give time or date for the following.

a. First professional cricketers appeared.
b. Cricket was introduced in America, India and New Zealand.
c. Nepal participated in internaitonal cricket for the first time..

Listening

12 Listen and write Fatima, Norbu, Suman, Muna. They
are talking about their favourite TV show.

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13 Listen again and write true or false.

a. Fatima likes documentaries. _______
b. Last Friday she watched a documentary on space travel. _______
c. Mars is blue. _______
d. Norbu doesn’t like football. _______
e. Nepal won the match against India. _______
f. Nepal and India are playing another match next Sunday. _______
g. Suman does not watch TV much. _______
h. Suman’s family come together to watch the film. _______
i. They watch the film on Saturday after dinner. _______
j. Muna watches cartoons on TV. _______

Speaking

14 Write any ten words from the lessons you have learnt till
now. Sit in pairs and ask the spelling of the words to each
other.

A : Can you spell tennis? A : Can you spell pitch?
B : Yes, I can. T-E-N-N-I-S. B : Yes, I can. P-I-T-C-H.
A : Correct! A : Correct!

A : Can you spell professional?
B : Yes, I can. P-R-O-F-E-S-I-O-N-A-L.
A : I’m sorry. It’s incorrect. The correct spelling

is P-R-O-F-E-S-S-I-O-N-A-L.

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Vocabulary

We play different games in different places. For example, we play
football on the ground.

15 Choose the words and fill in the blanks correctly.

pitch court ring

board field table

a. We play volleyball in a ________________ .
b. We play chess on a chess ________________ .
c. We play boxing in a ________________ .
d. We play football in a football ________________ .
e. We play cricket on a ________________ .
f. We play table tennis on a _________ . It has court on the table.

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Pronunciation

16 Listen and say.

though although dough doughnut
thought bought brought fought
rough enough tough
plough drought
through

Writing

17 Write a paragraph describing your favourite sport.

Brainstorm it first. Here are some guiding questions.

What Why
do players do to win do you like this

the match? game?

How What
many players do do you need to

you need? play?

My

favourite game:

How ________ Who
do you feel when do you play

you play it? with?
Do you
Where know the history of this
do you play? game?

Some
famous players: _________

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Reading

18 Read and learn.

PAINTING COMPETITION FOR
JUNIORS

Nepal Art Academy has organised a painting competition
for juniors, between the age of 8 and 13. The competition
will be held on 5 February 2022 at the Academy. If you
can draw and paint, come and enter the competition.

Sujan is excited. He tells his mother,
“Mother, look here. There’s a painting
competition for juniors at the Art
Academy. Can I go in for it?” His mother
replied with a question : “Can you draw
good pictures?”

Sujan : Yes, mother, I can draw and
paint good pictures.

Mother : That’s good. What sort of pictures can you draw?

Sujan : I can draw things like a village hat, a school at break, city life, a
zoo, and so on.

Mother : But you haven’t shown me any of your pictures. Can you get
some for me?

Sujan : Yes, I can. (After a few minutes he comes back with some of his

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pictures.) Here they are.

Mother : Hmm! That’s good! . . . Ah, this is beautiful!

Sujan : My teacher says my painting is very good. So, can I enter the
competition, please?

Mother : Yes, you can. Good luck!

Sujan : Thanks, mum.

Sujan takes part in the competition. He aims to win the first prize.

Vocabulary

19 Find the words similar in meaning to the following.

a. feeling very happy : _________________

b. contest : _________________

c. a young person below a particular age : _________________

d. very attractive : _________________

e. award : _________________

Comprehension

20 Answer the following questions.

a. What was Sujan excited about?
b. When and where will the competition be held?
c. What sort of pictures can Sujan draw and paint?
d. What does Sujan’s teacher say about his paintings?
e. Sujan has a 14 year-old sister. Can she take part in the competition?

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Listening

21 Look at the picture and discuss.

a. What do you see in the picture?

b. Which game is it?

c. Have you ever played it?

22 Listen and fill in the blanks with one of the words given
below.

tournaments not so good play good basketball 5

a. People across the world _______________ various games.
b. People go to stadium to watch _______________.
c. A team of basketball has _______________players.
d. The speaker is _______________at playing _______________.
e. The speaker friend, Uma, is very _______________at basketball.

Writing

23 Find and mark the ten errors. They may be spelling,
punctuation, capitalisation, or grammar errors.
Welcome to the Jyoti Sports Report! we keep plaground sports events

posted on our web page.
In hopscotch, Luna hopped and hopped. then she fall down. “It’s not

fair!” said Luna.
In dodge ball, Tek got hit on the leg by a ball throne by Pemba. “Youre

out!” cried Pemba. “it didn’t hurt a bit,” tek said afterward.
In basketball, Jeevan got mad when he didnt get picked for the green

team. So he took its ball and went home.

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15Lesson Agreeing and
Disagreeing

Get started

1 Do you agree or disagree with the following?

a. Students should cook their own food at school.
b. Mathematics is less important than English.
c. All birds can fly.
d. Mobile phones are good for students.

2 Read and learn. -H. W. Longfellow

The Rain

How beautiful is the rain!
After the dust and the heat,
In the broad and fiery street,
In the narrow lane,
How beautiful is the rain!
How it clatters along the roofs,
Like the tramp of hoofs,
How it gushes and struggles out

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From the throat of the overflowing spout!
Across the window pane
It pours and pours;
And swift and wide,
With a muddy tide,
Like a river down the gutter roars
The rain, the welcome rain!

Comprehension

3 Read learn and perform the word.

a. Can you find any words in the poem that imitate sounds? Here are
two examples: clatters and tramp. This way of using words that imitate
sounds is called onomatopoeia.

b. Look at the following lines. Say what two things are being compared.
How it (rain) clatters along the roofs
Like the tramp of hoofs

c. Did you find what two things are compared? Yes, the sound of rain
falling on roofs is compared with the sound made by a horse’s feet.
The sound of rain is like the tramp of hoofs. Such kinds of comparison
using like or as is called simile.Asimile helps a writer to describe things
clearly.
Here are some pairs of things. Create interesting similes using them.
Look at the example first.
The room, hot/ oven
The room was hot like an oven. Everyone was sweating.

a. Raman, happy/ bird in flight
b. The house, quiet/ school at night
c. The boys, sad/ tigers in the cage
d. Quilt, white/ snow

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Grammar

Questions

Basically,inEnglishwehavetwotypesofquestions:informationquestions
and confirmation questions. The questions that start with wh-words like
who,whose,whom,what,when,where,why,andhow askforinformation.
We also ask questions to confirm something.

Information questions are also known as wh-questions.

What time is it? Who are you waiting for? When does your exam start?

Confirmation questions are also known as yes/no questions. They are
called yes/no questions because their answers come either in a ‘yes’ or ‘no’.

Are you grade 4? Are these pictures nice?

4 Change the following into yes/no questions.

a. They are students.

b. She can sing an English song.

c. Raman helps his mother in the kitchen.

d. Sunita works in an office.

e. Mangal and Subodh play together.

f. They played football yesterday.

g. He was at school on Sunday.

h. They were dancing in the hall.

i. Manika brought a doughnut.

j. Manish and Uma worked together in the project.

k. Kapil will visit us tomorrow.

l. We will meet at the park next Saturday.

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Speaking

Giving opinion, agreeing and disagreeing

Giving opinion Agreeing
a. I think/ I believe, ....... a. You're/ That’s right.
b. As far as I'm concerned... b. That's exactly how I feel.
c. If you ask me... c. That's so true.
d. You have a point there.

Disagreeing

a. I don't think so.

Asking opinions b. I am sorry, I disagree with
a. What's your idea/thought on this? you.
b. Would/ Do you agree?
c. How do you feel about that? c. I totally disagree.
d. What are your thoughts on this? d. I’m not sure about that.
e. That's not always true.

5 Talkingroupsofthreeorfourstudentsonthegiventopic.
Follow the example conversation.

a. There should be no homework. b. Dogs are the best pets.

c. Virtual classes are better. d. Eating chocolate is good.

e. Maths is the easiest subject. f. Aeroplanes are dangerous.

A: I think there should be no homework for students.
B: That’s right. Homework is a burden to students. Due to homework,

they can’t do what they want at home.
C: I don’t think so. Homework is a part of our learning. Doing homework

gives us time to revise what we do in the class.

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6 Sit in pairs and practise. Also learn how debate is done.

Teacher : OK, we’re going to debate whether chatting on Facebook is
good or bad for us. We’ll start with you, Krishna. Are you for or
against writing blog and chatting on Facebook.

Krishna : Well,IthinkchattingonFacebookisgood.Itisgoodformaking
friends and learning English. I believe it helps us relax, too.

Teacher : Great! Thank you! Now, your turn, Asha.

Asha : I’m against chatting on Facebook. First, it takes much of our
time. Secondly, it is not natural, not like talking face to face.

Expressing opinions in debate

Debating is a kind of discussion. We express our ideas and opinions
about something when we debate. Sometimes, we agree and
sometimes we disagree with something.
• When we agree, it’s for. When we disagree, it’s against.
• We must give reasons to agree or disagree.
• We must speak clearly and give our ideas in order (first, second,

third, etc.) when we debate.

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7 Now, hold discussion on the following topics using the
given guidelines.

a. Homework is good or bad.

Homework is good Homework is bad
• helps to revise things and be • homework is terrible, it does

clear about ideas not give time to students
• helps students get good • it is waste of time
• difficult to do without a
grades
• makes students active teacher or guide

b. Parents should send children some money instead of tiffin.

Money Tiffin
• easy to carry • healthy to
• can choose what they like
• makes children able to eat
• no waste of money
decide
• children may have problem to
decide

8 Make your own guidelines and discuss.

Books are better than internet for children.

Books Internet
•- •-

•- •-

•- •-

•- •-

•- •-

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Reading

9 Read and learn.

Long, long ago, there were two officers; one was a bull and one was
a tiger. They both lived in the same woods. One day, they met at a
watering hole. The tiger was very hungry. He turned to the bull and
told him that he would like to eat him. The bull replied, “We are both
officers having equal status. Neither of us can consume the other.
Let’s not say harmful words to each other. Let’s be friends.”

The tiger thought about it for a while and then said, “All right. Let us
make a living together. But we are really hungry; what should we do?”

The bull said, “Friend, let’s get out of these woods and go to town. I
heard that in Benares there’s a skilful potter who sells her pottery at
the market. We can stay with her and ask her to teach us how to make
pottery so we can sell it at the market, too. What do you think?”

The tiger was pleased. They both went to see the potter.

After staying there for a while, the bull and the tiger thoroughly learned
the potter’s skill. Their pottery was much better than that of the old
potter, and they sold it in the market.

One market day, the king of Benares came. He noticed that the pottery
looked better than any he had seen before. He asked, “Who made
this pottery? It looks well made and beautiful.”

The old potter answered, “My Lord, it was the bull and the tiger, the
two friends who came from the woods to learn how to make pottery.”

After hearing that, the king said, “Make a big basin for me by the next
market day. I will use it to hold water for bathing.”

At the end of the market day, the old potter told the bull and the tiger
to make a big basin. When the next market day arrived, the old potter
brought the big basin to the king. The king of Benares was very

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pleased, and he announced, “The two are skilful. I will appoint them
to be my ministers in Benares.” The king sent a messenger to call the
bull and the tiger to his house. The king then appointed the bull to be
his right-hand man and the tiger his left-hand man.

After he was appointed, the bull mastered his job. Whatever tasks he
faced, he did them very well. Everyone praised him as a good minister.

The tiger was unhappy to hear this. He then incited feelings in the
king. He said to the king, “My Lord, a person like the bull is not really
a good man. The bull is in fact secretly trying to revolt against you.”

Upon hearing this, the king didn’t think carefully, and he asked the
tiger, “So how do I punish the bull?”

The tiger offered a plan: “Send the bull to find the 1000 petal lotuses
for you. If he can’t find them, then either kill him or chase him out of
the kingdom.”

The king followed the tiger’s advice. He sent the bull to find the 1000
petal lotuses. Within seven days, the bull was to bring the 1000 petal
lotuses to the king. If he didn’t succeed, the bull would have to die.
The bull had no choice but to go look for the 1000 petal lotuses.

The bull was in tears when he went to the king of ants. He said, “My
Lord, I am a minister of the king of Benares, who ordered me to find
the 1000 petal lotuses. If I can’t find the flowers, I will have to die. I
am in trouble. Could you tell me what place would have the flowers?”

The king of ants stuck his wobbly head out and answered, “The ant
kingdom doesn’t have any. Why don’t you go ask the king of birds? If
you find the flowers, please give my kingdom one.”

The bull left the ant kingdom and went up to the bird kingdom. The
king of birds, flapping his wings, said, “Honourable bull, in this humble
bird kingdom, we don’t have any of those flowers. You should go to
the boar kingdom. If you get the lotuses, spare one for me.”

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The bull left for the boar kingdom. The king of boars said the same
thing: “My golden bull with branching horns, we in this wild kingdom
with cold weather wouldn’t have any of the fragrant 1000 petal lotuses.
You should roam around in the woods of the spirit kingdom. Try it. I
don’t know whether you will find them.”
The bull went to the spirit kingdom, where he found many beautiful
1000 petal lotuses. The flowers were just opening and floating in the
middle of a pond. The bull collected a number of them and brought
them back to Benares. When he passed the boar kingdom on the way
back, the bull gave the king of boars one of the 1000 petal lotuses.
The king of boars in return gave him his daughter. After that, the bull
came to the bird kingdom, and he gave the king of birds one of the
flowers. The bird king also gave him his daughter. From there, he
came to the ant kingdom and gave the king of ants one of the lotuses.
The king of ants was pleased, and he, too, gave the bull his daughter.
The bull then brought back with him the daughters of the wild boar, the
birds, and the ants.
After arriving in Benares, the bull gave the 1000 petal lotuses to the
king. The king, upon seeing the flowers, said nothing. The tiger then
plotted again: “My Lord, these lotuses look beautiful in bloom when
they are in a pond. Here there’s no pond, and the flowers are wilting.
You should order the bull to dig a pond and plant these flowers within
seven days. If he can’t finish the task in time, then expel him from the
kingdom.” The king then put out the order. The bull was very worried,
and he told the daughter of the boar king about it. Upon hearing that,
she said, “Brother, don’t you worry. I will dig the pond for you.”
She then went to the boar kingdom. The king of boars called upon
tens of thousands of boars to help. Not quite three days had passed
when the boars finished digging the pond. The boars then continued
to dig a way for water to flow in to fill the pond. The bull then planted
the flowers. When the seventh day arrived, the pond was filled with
blooming 1000 petal lotuses.

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The king of Benares saw the pond and the 1000 petal lotuses. He
was disappointed but couldn’t say anything. The king himself didn’t
want to test the bull any further at this point, but the tiger came up with
another idea: “My Lord, why don’t you order three heap of sesame
seeds to be scattered around the kingdom.
Then order the bull to collect them. The bull must collect them all to
fill exactly the containers to their original weight. This time the bull will
surely fail.”
Upon hearing this plan, the king felt confident. He then put out the
order for the sesame seeds to be scattered. He laughed cunningly
while he ordered the bull, “Collect them all in three days.”
Seeing that the bull was very sad, the daughters of the king of birds
and the king of ants said, “Brother, don’t worry about it. Three heaps
of sesame is nothing. We can collect them all in a short time.” They
then went to each of their kingdoms. They both brought back many
of their fellows. The whole city of Benares was blackened with the
enormous number of ants and birds. They all collected the sesame.
They retrieved the sesame in full. The bull then called the king and
the tiger to witness the accomplishment. The king and the tiger saw
thousands upon thousands of birds and ants surrounding the city.
They were so frightened that they got heart attack and died.

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Vocabulary

10 Choose the most suitable words to complete each of the
sentences.

harmful pottery fragrant scatter
enormous announced appointed frightened

a. Smoking is ___________________ to our health.

b. They sell ___________________ and other handmade goods.

c. Theheadmaster___________________thatwearegoingtohavea
football match tomorrow.

d. An___________________stonerolleddownthehillandfellintothe
river. Then the river stopped to flow.

e. Sonuturnedwhite!Hewasterribly___________________whenthe
teacher caught him cheating.

f. The house was surrounded by ___________________ flowers.

g. The class teacher ___________________ Anusha the monitor.

h. Keep your things properly. Don’t ___________________themhere
and there.

11 Match the words with their meanings.

a. thoroughly _____ something gained after hard work

b. incited _____ not proud

c. humble _____ to encourage someone to do something bad

d. heap _____ completely or in a detailed way

e. cunningly _____ a large pile or mass of things

f. accomplishment _____ dishonestly

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Comprehension

12 Thewordsdescribethetwomaincharactershere.Putthe
words in correct column.

faithful innocent corrupt dishonest jealous

cunning hardworking friendly troublesome grateful

The bull The tiger

Which words or sentences or events in the story make you put the word in
the particular column? Discuss.
Now find at least three words to talk about the character of the king.

_______________ _______________ ______________

13 Write number 1-6 to keep the events in order as per the
story. One is done for you.

a. The bores dig a well. 1
b. The potter gets orders from the king to make a basin.
c. The bull and the tiger go to Benaras.
d. The bull and tiger meet at the water hole.
e. The ants help the bull to find the sesame seeds.
f. The tiger wants to hurt the bull.
g. The lotus starts to grow in the king’s garden.

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14 Answer the following questions.

a. Why did the bull say that the tiger couldn’t eat him up?
b. Why did the kind appoint the bull and the tiger as his ministers?
c. Why did the king give the bull a difficult job?
d. Where did the bull find the lotus?
e. What did the ant, the boar and the bird give the bull?
f. How did the bull dug a pond within such a short time?
g. What happened to the king and tiger at the end?
h. What lesson does the story teach us?

Listening

15 Listen and choose ‘yes’ or ‘no’

a. Does the boy agree with the girl?

Yes No

b. Do the speakers have same view regarding the book?

Yes No

c. Does the girl think Sony is sad?

Yes No

d. Does the boy agree with the girl?

Yes No

e. Do both of the speakers hate mosquito?

Yes No

f. Do the speakers disagree?

Yes No

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Pronunciation

16 Listen and repeat the words.

friend famous father farmer
family from five love

village very vase
have seven vest

17 Listen to the first sound of the words. Then, put the
words in the right box.

There are 26 letters in the English alphabet. Among them a, e, i, o, u
are the vowels. The rest are consonants.
However, there are 44 sounds in English.A mong them 20 are vowel sounds
and 24 are consonant sounds.
Go to the last page to see the complete list.

first

vowel

Writing

Writing an Essay

Do you wear uniforms? Why should we wear uniforms?
Read the given paragraph and answer the questions below
it.

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Should students wear uniforms?
Students should wear uniforms for
many reasons. If students wear
uniforms, parents can save money.
They won’t need to buy many clothes
for their children. Moreover, wearing
uniforms make children happy
at school. All the students will be
wearing similar clothes. They won’t
be paying attention to clothes. This
will help them to remain focused
on study. Likewise, uniforms make
everyone equal. The rich and the
poor will sit together. That helps
them to be friendly with one another.
Thus, wearing uniform can be the
best part of the school.

What is the paragraph about? Underline the topic sentence.
______________________________________________________
Note the second main point in the body. Put ( ) around its details.
______________________________________________________
Underline the closing sentence.
______________________________________________________

Paragraph vs Essay
An essay is longer than a paragraph. Actually, an essay is written in
more than two paragraphs.
An essay tells more than a paragraph does.
An essay has three parts: introduction, body paragraph(s) and
conclusion.

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Compare the paragraph on page 38 and an essay below.
Should students wear uniforms?

Many students don’t want to wear school uniforms. However, there
are several reasons for wearing school uniforms.
Firstly, uniforms help parents save money. If children wear uniforms,
parents don’t need to buy different clothes for them. If they wear different
clothes to school, they will see their friends’ clothes and they also want to
have. Then parents have to buy new clothes. Uniforms help them in such
cases.
Secondly, uniforms help students to remain focused on the lessons. If
students wear different clothes, their attention will go to their friends’
clothes.Theyevenstartworryingaboutclothes.Thathamperstheirstudy.
Uniforms end the need to care about clothes and help students learn
better.
Lastly, uniforms make the students same. Students can be rich or poor.
Uniforms bring them together and make everyone equal. This will help
them to make friends among classmates.
To conclude, uniforms have many benefits to students and parents. Thus,
wearing uniforms can be the best part of being at school.

Analysis of an essay
Introduction: What to write in the introduction of your essay.
Introduction of an essay has two things: introductory idea and
controlling idea(s) for the essay.
‘Many students don’t want to wear school uniforms.’is the introductory
idea which includes the topic as well.
‘However, there are several reasons for wearing uniforms.’ is the
controlling idea of the essay. In the body of the essay, there will be
reasons for wearing uniforms.

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In the body of an essay, controlling idea is explained. Body paragraph
can describe, give reasons or give examples. Each body paragraph has a
point. The first sentence is the main point and the following sentences are
supporting details. The last sentence will conclude the paragraph

For example :
Main point 1: Uniforms help parents save money.

If children wear uniforms, parents don’t need to buy different clothes for
them. If they wear different clothes to school, they will see their friends’
clothes and they also want to have them. Then parents have to buy new
clothes. Uniforms help them in such cases.

Conclusion

A good essay ends with a good conclusion. In conclusion of an essay,
we can rewrite the controlling idea in other words. We can also share
a hope or summarise the essay. A conclusion of an essay also can be
written expressing our feelings, suggestions or predictions about the
topic.

For example: (summary + feeling) Uniforms have many benefits to
students and parents. Thus, wearing uniforms can be the best part of
being at school.

Connectors

While writing an essay, we need several ideas to go together. To
connect these ideas we need connectors. We need different types of
connectors to connect different ideas. Here are some examples:

To show order : First, Second, Third, Finally, Lastly
To add new ideas : Also, In addition, Moreover, Furthermore
To show time order : First, Then, Next, On Monday, Last day
To show reason : Because, Due to
To show similarities : Likewise, Similarly
To show difference : In contrast, However, But
To show effect : Thus, Therefore

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18 Look at the brainstorming. Then, prepare your own
brainstorming.

Example

Why do people religious reason Muslim and Brahmin people
become vegetarian? don’t eat pork.
Madwaris don’t eat meat.

love animals animals are friends

want to be healthy think meat has much fat
and want to avoid

Outline : Why do people become vegetarian?
Introduction
A vegetarian does not eat meat.
People become vegetarians for
different reasons.
Body
Main point 1: don’t eat meat due
to their religion
Supporting details: Muslim and
Brahmin people don’t eat pork,
Madwaris don’t eat meat
Main point 2: love animals
Supporting details: think animals are friends, they should not be killed
Main point 3: want to be healthier

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Supporting details: think meat has a lot of fat and too much fat is unhealthy.
Conclusion
Thus people become vegetarians to remain healthy, due to religion or
love for animals. I think it is good to be a vegetarian.

19 Use the given outline and write an essay. Use your
notebook.

There will be the following parts:
• Topic
• Introduction
• Three body paragraphs
• Conclusion

20 Use the process of writing and write an essay on “Why
should we play games?”
Now your brainstorming

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Grammar

21 Change the following into wh-questions.

a. They are sitting near the fire because it’s very cold. (why)
b. Bimal gave a doll to his sister. (who)
c. I will meet you tomorrow morning. (when)
d. She played chess with her father yesterday. (what)
e. We worked in the field yesterday. (what)
f. We will assembly at the station by 4 pm. (where)
g. She danced beautifully. (how)
h. She is Salina’s sister. (whose)

Listening script

a. Girl: Do you know the longest river in Nepal is the Karnali?

Boy: Are you sure? I thought it was Koshi.

b. Boy: The best book we have in our class is ‘Fantastic Mr. Fox’
written by Roald Dahl.

Girl: That’s right! It is a fantastic story.

c. Boy: It looks Sony is sad today.

Girl: It’s not true. She is just trying to focus on the maths
problem.

d. Girl: I think well all must avoid eating meat.

Boy: I disagree with your idea. Meat is necessary for our body.

e. Girl: As far as I am concerned I hate mosquitoes.

Boy: Absolutely! I too hate them. They are real trouble.

f. Boy: I believe all birds have wings although some cannot fly.

Girl: That’s not always true. A kiwi, a bird found in New Zealand,
has no wings at all.

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Lesson 16 Talking about Future

rocket space traveller domestic robot

a hotel on the moon electric car moveable house

Conversation

1 Listen and practise.

Tina : I don’t know what to do tomorrow.
Jeena : You can come to my house.
Tina : What will we do there?
Jeena : I have a new video game. We’ll

play the game. We’ll eat guava
from our garden and we’ll also go
for a short walk in the evening.
Tina : That’s OK. I’ll be at your house at 10 o’clock.

1. What will the girls eat? Short forms
2. What will they do? I will I’ll
3. What will they do in the evening? We will We’ll
You will You’ll

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Grammar

The future: will

Positive Negative Question Short answer

I will sing a song I will not / won’t sing a Will I sing a song Yes, I will. / No, I
tomorrow. song tomorrow. tomorrow? won’t.

You will sing a You will not / won’t sing Will you sing a Yes, you will. /
song tomorrow. a song tomorrow. song tomorrow? No, you won’t.

He will sing a He will not / won’t sing a Will he sing a Yes, he will. / No,
song tomorrow. song tomorrow. song tomorrow? he won’t.

She will sing a She will not / won’t sing Will she sing a Yes, she will. /
song tomorrow. a song tomorrow. song tomorrow? No, she won’t.

It will sing a It will not / won’t sing a Will it sing a song Yes, it will. / No,
song tomorrow. song tomorrow. tomorrow? it won’t.

They will sing a They will not / won’t Will they sing a Yes, they will. /
song tomorrow. sing a song tomorrow. song tomorrow? No, they won’t.

We will sing a We will not / won’t sing Will we sing a Yes, we will. / No,
song tomorrow. a song tomorrow. song tomorrow? we won’t.

2 Look at the given clues about life in the future and
write sentences. Use will or won’t. √ means positive
sentence and × means negative sentence.

People / make / houses / on the moon (√)
People will make houses on the moon.

Cars / use / petrol (×)
Cars won’t use petrol.

a. We / go / to school every day (×)
b. Teachers / come / on the computer screen (√)
c. Scientists / make / very fast rockets (√)
d. People / work in factories (×)
e. Robot / work in factories (√)
f. People / buy / books made of paper (×)
g. People / read / on their phones, tablets and laptops (√)

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3 Circle will or won’t.

a. The weather will / won’t be very hot in the next summer holidays. It is
already hot in spring.

b. My football team will / won’t win a lot of matches because they aren’t
very good.

c. Perhaps my uncle will / won’t visit us today. It’s my dad’s birthday.
d. My sister is good at maths. Maybe she will / won’t help me with my

homework.
e. It will/won’t rain very much in July this year.
f. I’m going to Juna’s party tonight. It will / won’t be great!

4 Write questions in the simple future. Use the clues given
below.

Nepal / win / the next Football World Cup?
Will Nepal win the next Football World Cup?

Who / come / first in the coming test?
Who will come first in the coming test?

Where / Sam / be / tomorrow?
Where will Sam be tomorrow?

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you / come / to school tomorrow?
Will you come to school tomorrow?

a. Who / teach / us mathematics next year?
b. Where / the next cricket game / be?
c. How / you / win the game?
d. you / be / famous?
e. the weather / be / nice in July?
f. you / be / a singer or a doctor?

Reading

5 Read and learn.

Things are changing fast. What will happen in the next forty years?
Well, you will be old enough to see the things. However, it can be
fun to guess or predict.
Sometimes, our guesses
are correct. Besides, we
must learn to see future.
Only then, we can invent
something new. It is sure
that things will continue to
change. Some of the things
that we don’t have now will
come in future.

Soon, we will see a lot of changes in the
way we travel. There will be flying cars in
the sky. In Dubai, in February 2017 this
flying taxi was tested. The Dubai flying taxi
can carry a person or 100 kg in a flight. So,
such flying cars will fly over the crowded
cities soon.

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Similarly, we won’t have
petrol or diesel cars. We will
have electric cars. Instead
of putting petrol or diesel,
we will charge our cars’
batteries like we do for our
mobile. Moreover, there will
come solar power cars and
aeroplanes.
There will be clean environment. There won’t be smoke everywhere
like today because we won’t use petrol and diesel. Actually, the petrol,
diesel and gas will be finished by then. We will not burn things much.
Space travel is another change.
People will be able to visit
the moon soon. There will be
restaurants in the space including
the moon. Most probably, people
will be able to go to the Mars.
Scientists will melt the ice in Mars
to make water. There will be cities
like the ones here on earth.
In the same way, schools will
also change. In future there will
be a robotic teacher. No human will teach students. A company will
produce a robotic teacher. Parents will buy the robotic teacher and
keep in a room. Children will push a button on it for study. Handwriting
will vanish. People won’t be writing anymore. They will speak to a
computer and it will write everything.
In addition, there won’t be paper books. All the books will come in
computers or tablets. Students won’t need to carry books in a bag.
Instead they will be carrying a tablet. Everything will be there.
Moreover, there will be audio books. Students will be listening to the
books. Besides, the books will be interactive. You can ask questions to

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the book. Listening to your command,
the electronic book will show the text on
the screen and tell you what to do as
well.
At home too we won’t use gas cylinders.
We will use electric ovens for cooking.
In some cities people have already
started cooking on electric ovens. Our
roof will completely change. We will
have many solar panels on our roof.
Everything is changing. In fifty years, the world will look completely
different. Everything will change: the way we use money, the way we
travel, the way we cook and the way we enjoy our holidays will all
change.

Comprehension

6 Circle the odd one.

a. gas stove petrol diesel
b. bus taxi passenger train
c. restaurant cafe hotel cook
d. computers reading tablets books teachers

7 Say “Yes” or “No”. Answer according to the reading
text.

a. Will there be flying cars soon?
b. Will there be diesel cars in fifty years?
c. Will people cook on gas stove in fifty years’ time?
d. Will there be robots as teachers?
e. Will people still be writing with a pen in fifty years?

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8 Answer the following questions.

a. Where was the first flying car tested?
b. What will happen to petrol, diesel and gas?
c. What will come in place of teachers?
d. How will the environment be?
e. Why will the environment not be like today?
f. How will students read books in future?

9 Discuss the following questions.

a. Will water be cheap or expensive in the future?
b. Where will you be in ten years from now?
c. What things will you find in a shop?
d. How will people build houses?
e. What kinds of food will people eat?
f. Will houses be bigger or smaller?

Conversation

10 Listen and practise.

Hari : Hi, Bob. How are you?

Bob : I’m fine. How about you? What’s
your plan for tomorrow?

Hari : I’m going to visit the library. I’m
going to return the book.

Bob : Well, I’m also going to visit the
library tomorrow. Let’s go together.

Hari : Fine. I’ll come to your house then.

Bob : OK. See you tomorrow.

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11 Sit in pairs and talk about your own plans for tomorrow.
Like in the conversation above, use going to.

Grammar

Future plan: be going to
We use be going to + verb to talk about our plans and intentions. We
use will + verb to tell our decision at the time of speaking.
Hari says: I’m going to visit the library.
Hari has a plan to go to the library.

But
When Henry says I’ll come to your house then, this is not his plan. He
decides to go to Bob’s house at the time of their talk.

12 Complete the sentences. Use will or is / am / are +
going to.

a. Oh, no! It’s nine o’clock. I ______________ leave for school now.
b. I have invited my friends. I ______________ have a party tomorrow.
c. IthinkI______________ visit my uncle on Saturday. But I’m not sure.
d. Dad______________takeustothemoviestomorrow.Hehasbought

the tickets.

13 Complete the text with is / am / are + going to or is /
am / are + not + going to.

I’m not going to go to school tomorrow because it’s Saturday. I’m really
tired so I ______________ get up early.

My brother Krishna ______________ go shopping because he

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______________ buy a birthday present
for his friend.
In the afternoon, Dad ______________
play football with Krishna in the park, but I
_____________ go with them because I
______________ help my mum at home.
On Saturday, Krishna ______________
watch a movie with his friends. But I have
an exam on Sunday so I ____________
study.

Speaking

14 WhatareyougoingtodonextSaturday?Shareyourplan
with the class.

I’m going to visit my uncle on
Saturday. I’m going to play
badminton with my cousin there.

I’m going to stay at home.
I’m going to help my mother

with her work.

I’m going to visit the
library. I’m going to return
the book there.

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Listening

15 Listen to a radio programme. Some children are
talking about their holiday plans. Write true or
false.

a. Mark is going to visit Pokhara.
b. Bina is going to visit Kathmandu with her dad.
c. Nabina is going to visit her maternal uncle.
d. Dolma is going to see her grandmother in the village.
e. Lata is going to start dance classes.
f. Mani is going to play for the local football club.

Pronunciation

16 Listen and practise.

I will / I’ll you will / you’ll he will / he’ll she will / she’ll
we will / we’ll
it will / it’ll they will / they’ll

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17 Listen and tick.

a. They will play tennis tomorrow.
They’ll play tennis tomorrow.

b. I’ll go swimming tomorrow.
I will go swimming tomorrow.

c. She will bring her notebook tomorrow.
She’ll bring her notebook tomorrow.

d. It’ll bark at you.
It will bark at you.

e. He will make a kite for you.
He’ll make a kite for you.

f. We will invite you to the party.
We’ll invite you to the party.

Writing

Writing about future plans and predictions
My Brother’s Next Birthday

Today is February 25, Friday. On
February 29, my family is going to
celebrate my brother’s birthday. For that,
tomorrow we are going to the cake shop.
We will order a big cake. After that, we

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