j}v/L sIff % 97 clvn]z M of] ;"rgf -;"rgf kf6L b]vfpFb}_df t laxfg bz ah]b]lv g} ;'? x'g] s'/f n]v]sf] 5 . xfdL rflxF P3f/ ah] dfq k'U5f}F xf]nf . lbkf;f ld; M P Tolt a]nf t d klg cfOk'U5' lg ToxfF . ;Fu} leq k;f}Fnf lg . g'R5]dfg M ToxfF gfrufg klg x]g{ kfOG5 ls ld; < lbkf;f ld; M gfrufg klg snf xf] . t/ Tof] cud cf6{ Uofn/Ldf x'g] snf k|bz{gL eg]sf] lrqsnf k|bz{gL xf] . ToxfF gfrufg xf]Og, /fd|f /fd|f lrqx¿ x]g{ kfOG5 . gfrufg rflxF ;ª\uLt tyf g[To snf;Fu ;DalGwt x'G5 . To;} u/L d"lt{snf, ;flxTo / jf:t'snf klg snf x'g\ . cem l;g]df / clego klg snf g} x'g\ . onDa/ M cxf], snf t w]/} lsl;dsf kf] x'g] /x]5g\ t Û k'maf{ M ld;sf] s'/fcg';f/ ufpg] tyf afhf ahfpg] snf t ;ª\uLtleq k5{g\ . gfRg] s'/f klg g[To snfleq k5{ . d"lt{ snfdf klg d"lt{ agfpg] sfd k5{ eGg] a'lemG5 . ;flxTo eg]sf] rflxF s] xf] lg ld; < lbkf;f ld; M xfdL sljtf, syf, gf6s cflb k9\5f}F lg . o:tf sljtf, syf, gf6s cflb s'g} efiffdf n]lvG5g\ . o:tf s'/fx¿ k9\bf xfdLnfO{ cfgGb k|fKt x'G5 . slxn]sfxLF s]xL lzIff jf ;Gb]z klg kfOG5 . efiffdf n]lvPsf o:tf cfgGbbfoL s'/f g} ;flxTo xf] . ;flxTo klg snf g} xf] . sfof M lbkf;f ld;, Tof] jf:t'snf eg]sf] rflxF s:tf] snf xf] lg < lbkf;f ld; M s'g} 3/ tyf ejgx¿ ;'Gb/ x'G5g\ . s'g} k'n tyf kvf{nx¿ klg ;'Gb/ x'G5g\ . 6fj/ tyf sltko ef}lts ;+/rgfx¿ klg ;'Gb/ x'G5g\ . o;/L 3/, ejg, k'n cflb ;+/rgfx¿nfO{ /fd|f] b]lvg] u/L agfpg] snfnfO{ jf:t'snf elgG5 . onDa/ M l;g]df rflxF s;/L snf xf] lg ld; <
98 j}v/L sIff % lbkf;f ld; M dgnfO{ cfgGb lbgsf nflu dflg;åf/f agfOPsf jf l;h{gf ul/Psf ;a} s'/fx¿ snf x'g\ . l;g]df x]bf{ xfdL /dfpF5f} . o;df b]vfPsf JolSt jf 36gfx¿ ;a} agfOPsf x'G5g\ . o;df snfsf/n] clegoåf/f s'g} 36gf jf cj:yfnfO{ k|:t't u5{ / bz{snfO{ cfglGbt t'NofpF5 . To;}n] l;g]df klg snf xf] . l;g]dfdf ;ª\uLt;Fu} k|ljlwsf] klg ;xof]u lnOPsf] x'G5 . l;g]df jf rnlrq snf c¿ snfx¿sf] t'ngfdf ;a}eGbf kl5 ljsl;t ePsf] snf xf] t/ of] cToGt nf]slk|o klg 5 . g'R5]dfg M ld;, dfly pNn]v u/]afx]s c¿ klg snf 5g\ ls < lbkf;f ld; M c¿ klg w]/} lsl;dsf snfx¿ x'G5g\ . kfssnf, kf]6/L, uf8]{lgª, km];g l8hfOg, kmf]6f]u|fkmL cflb cg]s snf 5g\ . o:tf ;a} snfnfO{ ;lhnf]sf nflu nlnt snf / pkof]uL snf u/L b'O{ lsl;ddf klg 5'6\ofpg] rng 5 . sfof M nlnt snf / pkof]uL snflar s] leGgtf x'G5 ld; < lbkf;f M nlnt snf / pkof]uL snfdf Pp6f ;fgf] leGgtf x'G5 . nlnt snf eg]sf] cfgGbsf nflu dfq tof/ kfl/Psf snfx¿ x'g\ . uLt;ª\uLt, lrqsnf, g[To cflb nlnt snf x'g\ . pkof]uL snf eg]sf] xfd|f] b}lgs hLjgdf pkof]udf cfpg] snfTds s'/fx¿ x'g\ . snfTds ¿kdf agfOPsf 3/, s';L{, knª cflb pkof]uL snf x'g\ . kfssnf, km];g l8hfOg cflb klg pkof]uL snfsf gd'gf x'g\ . l6lkmgsf] ;do l;l4Psf] 306L aH5 . km'af{ M lbkf;f ld;, xfdLnfO{ 5f]6f] ;dodf snf;DaGwL w]/} s'/f atfOlbg'eof] . To;sf nflu tkfO{FnfO{ w]/} wGojfb . ef]ln cud cf6{ Uofn/Ldf P3f/ ah] e]6\g] x} t . lbkf;f u'?cfdf tyf cGo ;a} ljBfyL{x¿ x'G5 x'G5 eGb} cfcfºgf sIff sf]7flt/ nfU5g\ .
j}v/L sIff % 99 k9fO / n]vfO != dflysf] s'/fsfgL xfpefp;lxt k9\g'xf];\ . @= tnsf] jfSo s;n] eg]sf] xf] < jStf 7Dofpg'xf];\ M -s_ ltdLx¿ sf] sf] hfg] xf] t < -v_ cxf], snf t w]/} lsl;dsf kf] x'g] /x]5g\ t Û -u_ jf:t'snf eg]sf] rflxF s:tf] snf xf] lg < -3_ gfRg] snf klg g[To snfleq k5{ . -ª_ xfdL rflxF P3f/ ah]dfq k'U5f}F xf]nf . -r_ dfly pNn]v u/]afx]s c¿ klg sNff 5g\ ls < #= dflysf] s'/fsfgLnfO{ 5 hgfsf] ;d"xdf clego;lxt k|:t't ug'{xf];\ . $= tnsf lrqx¿ x]g'{xf];\ . ToxfF n]lvPsf s'/fx¿ k9\g'xf];\ . df]6/;fOsn rnfpg] nfO;]G; -;jf/L rfns cg'dltkq_ lng ;f]x| jif{ k"/f eO{ g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq lnPsf] x'g'kg]{5 . r'gfjdf ;xefuL eO{ dtbfg ug{ c7f/ jif{ k"/f ePsf] x'g'kg]{5 . ;]gfdf egf{ x'g c7f/ jif{ k"/f eO{ rf}la; jif{ ggf3]sf] x'g'kg]{5 . lghfdtL ;]jf k|j]z ug{ c7f/ jif{ k"/f eO{ k}Flt; jif{ ggf3]sf] / dlxnfsf] xsdf rfln; jif{ ggf3]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .
100 j}v/L sIff % %= pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M -s_ dflysf] snf;DaGwL s'/fsfgLdf slt hgf / sf] sf] ;xefuL 5g\ < -v_ dflysf] s'/fsfgLaf6 s'g} ;ft lsl;dsf snfx¿sf] ;"rL agfpg'xf];\ . -u_ ;flxTo s:tf] sNff xf] < lrgfpg'xf];\ . -3_ jf:t'snf eg]sf] s:tf] snf xf] < -ª_ nlnt snf / pkof]uL snfsf] leGgtf atfpg'xf];\ . ^= lbkf;f u'?cfdfsf] clGtd ;+jfb ;'g]/ n]Vg'xf];\ . cfkm"n] n]v]sf] z'4 eP gePsf] cfkm}F k/LIf0f ug'{xf];\ . &= dflysf] s'/fsfgL k9]/ cfkm"n] a'em]sf] s'/fsf] ;f/ Pp6f cg'R5]bdf n]Vg'xf];\ . *= pko'St s'/f n]vL tnsf] ;+jfb k"/f ug'{xf];\ M s}nfz M cf]xf] ;'lDgdf Û cfh t ltdLn] leGg lsl;dsf] kf];fs kf] nufPsL 5f} t < cfh lsg o:tf] kf];fs nufPsL < ;'lDgdf M cfh xfdL lnDa"x¿sf] dxŒjk"0f{ rf8 rf;f]s tª\gfdsf] lbg xf] . To;}n] xfd|f] ;+:s[lt emNsg] kf];fs nufPsL lg -tª\gfd eg]sf] kj{ xf] . …rf;f]sÚ rflxF afnL leœofpg ul/g] k"hf xf] ._ s}nfz M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;'lDgdf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ (= tkfO{F ;xefuL x'g'ePsf] s'g} sfo{qmd -lax], j|taGw, k"hf, ljBfnosf] jflif{sf]T;j cflb_ df s]s:tf ultljlwx¿ ul/P < s'g} Pp6f sfo{qmddf ul/Psf ultljlwx¿nfO{ j|mdzM n]Vg'xf];\ .
j}v/L sIff % 101 zAbe08f/ != tnsf zAb / cy{sf] hf]8f ldnfpg]xf];\ M -s_ jf:t'snf -v_ kfssnf -u_ k|ljlw -3_ nlnt snf -ª_ pkof]uL snf @= tnsf zAbx¿nfO{ cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ M -s_ k|bz{gL M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ ;flxTo M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ ;+/rgf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ ;ª\uLt M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= tnsf zAb / ltgsf cy{x¿ k9\g'xf];\ M -s_ dfgf M bz d'7L a/fa/sf] kl/df0f jf gfkf] -v_ kfyL M cf7 dfgf a/fa/sf] kl/df0f jf gfkf] -u_ d'/L M la; kfyL a/fa/sf] kl/df0f jf gfkf] -3_ wfgL{ M afx| kfpsf] tf}n -ª_ la;f}nL M 5 kfp cyjf cfwf wfgL{sf] tf}n -r_ nfn M Ps tf]nfsf] ;of}F efu a/fa/sf] tf}n -5_ tf]nf M ;o nfn a/fa/sf] tf}n -h_ df]x/ M krf; k};fsf] l;Ssf -em_ ;'sL M klRr; k};fsf] l;Ssf -`_ kfp M b'O{ ;o krf; u|fd a/fa/sf] tf}n $= tnsf kl/df0faf]ws zAbx¿nfO{ cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ M dfgf, d'7L, df]x/, kfp, wfgL{
102 j}v/L sIff % Jofs/0f / j0f{ljGof; != tnsf] kf7 k9\g'xf]; / ToxfF k|o'St lrXgx¿ sfkLdf ;fg'{xf];\ M æcfxf Û slt ;'Gb/ lrq ÛÆ onDa/ cud cf6{ Uofn/Ldf k'Ug]lalQs} v';Ln] k'nlst eof] . onDa/ v';L ePsf] b]v]/ sfof, g'R5]dfg, km'af{ / clvn]z klg v';L eP . onDa/ lsg v';L eof] < tkfO{FnfO{ onDa/ v';L x'g] sf/0f yfxf 5 < @= tnsf jfSodf pko'St lrXg /fvL k'gn]{vg ug'{xf];\ M -s_ lbkf;f u'?cfdf lsg cfpg'ePg -v_ k|bz{gL x]g{ /fh' /lhtf nfafxfª / c;nd Uofn/L uP . -u_ dbgn] eGof] d b;}Fdf dfdf3/ hfG5' -3_ cfR5' slt lr;f] kfgL #= tflnsfdf ldNg] tLg tLg cf]6f zAb n]Vg'xf];\ M gfd ;j{gfd ljz]if0f lj|mof cJoo ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= z'4 zAbdf /]hf nufpg'xf];\ M -s_ ;dfh ifdfh zdfh -v_ j};fv j}zfv j}iffv -u_ ef;f efzf efiff -3_ s[l; s[lif s[lz -ª_ ;fyL iffyL zfyL -r_ b]; b]if b]z %= dflysf] snf;DaGwL s'/fsfgLaf6 …;Ú k|of]u ePsf bz cf]6f, …zÚ k|of]u ePsf kfFr cf]6f / …ifÚ k|of]u ePsf] Pp6f zAb l6Kg'xf];\ .
j}v/L sIff % 103 ;d"xdf efiff != sIffsf kfFr hgf ;fyLsf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . pgLx¿nfO{ dg kg]{ snf / rf8 s'g xf] < ;f]w]/ n]Vg'xf];\ M qm=;= ;fyLsf] gfd dg kg]{ snf dg kg]{ rf8 != dlGhn lnDa" ;ª\uLt Rff;f]s @= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ %= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ^= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= tLgrf/ hgfsf] ;d"x aGg'xf];\ . ca x/]s ;d"xn] tnsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf 5f]6f] ;+jfb agfpg'xf];\ . cfºgf] ;d"xn] agfPsf] ;+jfb sIffsf] cu|efudf uO{ k|:t't ug'{xf];\ M ;+jfbsf nflu zLif{sx¿ -s_ g[To k|ltof]lutf -v_ dg kg]{ rf8 -u_ ;f+:s[lts kf];fs -3_ rf8kj{df kmh'n vr{ /f]sf}F -u_ ljBfnosf] jflif{sf]T;j
104 j}v/L sIff % l;h{gf÷n3' kl/of]hgf != tnsf] af/u|fkm x]g'{xf];\ . To;kl5 tkfO{Fsf] sIffsf ljBfyL{x¿ emNsg] o:t} af/u|fkm agfpg'xf];\ M d}qL kf7zfnf sIff kfFrsf ljBfyL{x¿ @= tkfO{Fsf] kl/jf/df ljleGg rf8x¿ dgfOG5g\ . kl/jf/df dgfOg] o:tf rf8x¿dWo] tkfO{FnfO{ dg kg]{ rf8 s;/L dgfOG5 < Tof] rf8 dgfpFbf ul/g] ultljlwx¿ ;'?b]lv cGTo;Dd j0f{g ug'{xf];\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $) #) @) !) ) #% !^ !( hDdf ljBfyL{ 5fq 5fqf
j}v/L sIff % 105 kf;fªNxfd' z]kf{ kf7– *
106 j}v/L sIff % jL/fª\ugf M jL/gf/L v'Ng' M p3|g'Ù ;'xfpg' ;u/ M csf;Ù cfsfzÙ uug e'Ng' M la;{g'Ù x/fpg' lxdfgL M lxpFsf] y'k|f]Ù lxpFsf] /f; ;'gfv/L M ?vsf] sfkdf pd|]/ cg]s /ªsf k"mn x'g] jg:klt axfb'/L M jL/tf r'GgL M kxf8sf] 6'Kkf]Ù 6fs'/f] zAb / cy{
j}v/L sIff % 107 õ tnsf] lrq x]g'{xf];\ . lrqd'lg n]lvPsf s'/fx¿ ;u/dfyf;Fu ;DalGwt 5g\ . ltgn] ;u/dfyf;Fu ;DalGwt s] s] s'/f atfpF5g\ < 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ / atfpg'xf];\ M k"j{k7g • **$*=*^ ld6/ • t]lGhªgf]u]{ z]kf{ • rf]df]n'ª\df • kf;fªNxfd' z]kf{ • t]Dafl5/L z]kf{ • afa'/fd cfrfo{
108 j}v/L sIff % ;'gfO != * ;'Gg'xf]; / 5'6]sf zAb e/L tnsf] Znf]s k"/f ug'{xf];\ M hxfF hfpm ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ nfU5 x]l//x"F h:tf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ kmlsP/ v]ln/x"F h:tf] . @= * ;'g]/ pQ/ eGg'xf];\ M -s_ g]kfnnfO{ lsg :ju{e"ld elgPsf] xf] < -v_ sljnfO{ h'gL h'gL;Dd s] ul//x"F h:tf] nfU5 < -u_ xfdLn] ;a}n] ldn]/ s] ug'{k5{ < #= * af6 p:t} ;'lgg] tLg hf]8L zAbx¿ l6Kg'xf];\ M -s_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= cfºgf] 7fpFdf k|rlnt s'g} nf]suLt ;'g]/ ;a} ldnL ufpg'xf];\ M
j}v/L sIff % 109 af]nfO != tnsf] lrq x]/L cfkm"n] a'em]sf s'/f atfpg'xf];\ M @= tkfO{FnfO{ cfºgf] ;dfhsf] s'g s'g s'/fx¿ /fd|f nfU5g\ < s'g s'/f rflxF abNg kfP x'GYof] h:tf] nfU5 < /fd|f nfUg] b'O{ cf]6f s'/f / abNg rfx]sf] Pp6f s'/f ;'gfpg'xf];\ . #= tkfO{Fsf] 6f]n÷a:tLsf dflg;x¿ s]s:tf k];f jf Joj;fo u5{g\ < tkfO{Fsf] 6f]n÷a:tLsf] ef}uf]lns cj:yf / xfjfkfgL s:tf] 5 < atfpg'xf];\ . $= tkfO{F eljiodf s:tf] ;dfhdf a:g] sNkgf ug'{x'G5 < To; ;dfhsf tLgrf/ cf]6f ljz]iftf atfpg'xf];\ .
110 j}v/L sIff % k9fO kf;fªNxfd' z]kf{ – If]qk|tfk clwsf/L jL/fª\ugf kf;fªNxfd' † lxdr'nLdf v'Nof} ltdL kmls{P/ cfOgf} k]ml/ ;u/d} e'Nof} ltdL . ;u/dfyf dflydfly lxdfgLdf 8'Nof} ltdL cf“vfel/ kfvfel/ ;'gfv/L k'mNof} ltdL . sf] k'mN5 / em/]kl5 k'mNg] u/L em¥of} ltdL sf] af“R5 / d/]kl5 af“Rg] u/L d¥of} ltdL .
j}v/L sIff % 111 g]kfneGbf dfly lxdfn lxdfneGbf dfly ltdL efOa}gLsf nflu lbbL xf};nf / ;fyL ltdL . ltd|f] h:tf] axfb'/L n]Vb}k9\b} uPkl5 r'nLdfly r'nL yK5f}“ xfdL 7'nf ePkl5 .
112 j}v/L sIff % k9fO / n]vfO != dflysf] sljtf lgDgfg';f/n] no xfnL k9\g'xf];\ M -s_ klxn] sIffdf ;a}hgf ldn]/ -v_ To;kl5 Pp6} a]Gr jf nx/df a:g] ljBfyL{ ldn]/ -u_ cGTodf PSnf PSn} @= l7s a]l7s 5'6\ofpg'xf]; M -s_ kf;fªNxfd' z]kf{n] ;u/dfyfdf cfˆgf] k|f0f Tofu ul/g\ . ÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ kf;fªNxfd' z]kf{n] g]kfnLx¿sf] gfd pFrf] agfOg\ . ÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ kf;fªNxfd' gk'mNg] u/L eml/g\ . ÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ kf;fªNxfd' xfd|f nflu xf};nf / k|]/0ffsL ;|f]t x'g\ . ÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ 7'nf] sfd u/]kl5 g]kfnsf] gfd ;+;f/el/ k}mlnG5 . ÒÒÒÒÒ #= Ps jfSodf pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -s_ jL/fª\ugf kf;fªNxfd' sxfF v'lng\ < -v_ kf;fªNxfd' sxfF e'lng\ < -u_ kf;fªNxfd' s] s]df ;'gfv/L e}Fm k'mlng\ < -3_ kf;fªNxfd' sxfF 8'lng\ < -ª_ s] u/]kl5 r'nLdfly r'nL yKg ;lsG5 < $= 5'6]sf zAb e/L Znf]s k"/f ug'{xf];\ M g]kfneGbf dfly ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ lxdfneGbf ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ltdL ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ nflu lbbL ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ / ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ltdL Û
j}v/L sIff % 113 %= tnsf] sljtf no xfnL k9\g'xf];\ M aHof] 9f]nsL – /d]zrGb| l3ld/] cfh ufpFdf s;}sf] lax] xf]nf ls aHof], aHof] 9f]nsL aHof] 9f]nsL . g/l;ª\ufsf] k'x'F k'x'F ;gxLsf] KofOF ;'g]kl5 ‰ofnLsf] w'g ‰ofOF ‰ofOF cfh b'nxL /fgLsf] dg /f]nf ls aHof], aHof] 9f]nsL aHof] 9f]nsL . k'6'ª k'6'ª 6\ofDsfsf] cfjfh ;'lgof] bdfxfn] ;ftf] nUof] sfg y'lgof] ggfr]/ :oflGbbL lsg 6f]nfsL aHof], aHof] 9f]nsL aHof] 9f]nsL . 3/a]6L / hGtL eO{ ;Fu} gfrf}Fnf kGr] afhf tfndf sDd/ efFrf}Fnf o;f] eGb} piffn] ;fyL af]nfsL aHof], aHof] 9f]nsL aHof] 9f]nsL . ^= uBdf ¿kfGt/0f u/L n]Vg'xf];\ M -s_ ;u/d} e'Nof} ltdL ltdL ;u/d} e'Nof} . -v_ lxdfgLdf e'Nof} ltdL -u_ sf] k'mN5 / em/]kl5 -3_ afFRg] u/L d¥of} ltdL
114 j}v/L sIff % &= tnsf] sljtfsf] efj j0f{g ug'{xf];\ M sf] km'N5 / em/]kl5 km'Ng] u/L em¥of} ltdL sf] afFR5 / d/]kl5 afFRg] u/L d¥of} ltdL . *= tkfO{Fsf] 3/af6 ljBfno k'Ug] af6fsf] lrq agfpg'xf];\ M p ↑ (= sljtfsf] rf}yf] Znf]s >'ltn]vg u/L cfkm}F k/LIf0f ug'{xf];\ . !)= tnsf] kª\lStdf ldNg] zAb /fvL sljtf agfpg'xf];\ M xfdL /fd|f] ePkl5 b]z =============x'G5 kl/>dn] ;d[l4sf] lzv/ rfF8}========== .
j}v/L sIff % 115 zAbe08f/ != tn cy{ lbOPsf 5g\ . tL cy{nfO{ ldNg] zAb kf7af6 vf]h]/ n]Vg'xf];\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ – jL/ gf/L ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ – ?vsf] sfkdf pd|]/ cg]s hftsf k"mn x'g] Ps lsl;dsf] jg:klt ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ – kxf8sf] 6'Kkf]Ù 6fs'/f] @= tnsf zAb / cy{sf] hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M lxdfgL lxpFsf] y'k|f]Ù lxpFsf] /f; r'nL jL/tfÙ axfb'/ ePsf] axfb'/L kxf8sf] 6'Kkf]Ù 6fs'/f] #= tnsf] kf7 k9\g'xf];\ / ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M pd]z cfºgf] 3/af6 pQ/tkm{ nfUof] . w]/} dfly k'u]kl5 p;n] Pp6f j/sf] 5xf/L b]Vof] . j/sf] 5xf/Lg]/ a6'jfx¿sf nflu agfOPsf] Pp6f kf6L lyof] . kf6Lsf] d"n 9f]sfdf tfNrf nufOPsf] lyof] . ;fFrf] 5]pd} em'G8\ofOPsf] lyof] . k|Zgx¿ -s_ o; kf7df …pQ/Úsf] cy{ …blIf0fsf] l7s pN6f] lbzfÚ xf] ls …hafkmÚ xf] < -v_ o; kf7df …j/Úsf] cy{ …a]x'nfÚ xf] ls …Ps lsl;dsf] ?vÚ xf] < -u_ o; kf7df …kf6LÚsf] cy{ …wd{zfnfÚ xf] ls …v/Ln] n]Vg k|of]u ul/g] ;fwgÚ xf] . -3_ o; kf7df …;fFrf]Úsf] cy{ …rfaLÚ xf] ls …;ToÚ xf] < $= tnsf zAbx¿sf] b'O{ b'O{ cf]6f cy{ n]Vg'xf];\ M -s_ s/ cy{ ! M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cy{ @ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ k]6L cy{ ! M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cy{ @ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ %= p:t} ;'lgg] cf7 hf]8L zAb n]Vg'xf];\ .
116 j}v/L sIff % Jofs/0f / j0f{ljGof; != tnsf zAbx¿nfO{ j|mddf /fvL jfSo agfpg'xf];\ M -s_ eft bfn / vfof] efOn] efOn] bfn / eft vfof] . -v_ u[xsfo{ xfdLn] a'emfPsf 5f}F ;dod} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ ;fyLx¿ kf}8L kf]v/Ldf v]Ng uPsf 5g\ d]/f ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ 3fd cfh ufn]sf] 5 laxfg}b]lv ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ lxhf] uof}F a'af d]nf cfdf d / x]g{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= tnsf zAbx¿ k9\g'xf];\ / tflnsfdf ldNg] u/L eg'{xf];\ M kIf 5ftf sIff la5\of}]gf k5\of}/L Ifdtf 5\ofKg' cIftf kG5L Iflt 5]kf/f] cWoIf …5Ú nfu]sf zAb …IfÚ nfu]sf zAb ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= z'4 rflxF vfnL 7fpFdf ;fg'{xf];\ M 5ftL 5\odf IfftL Ifdf 5l/tf Iflqo Ifl/tf] 5\olqo
j}v/L sIff % 117 != tkfO{Fsf] sIffdf ePsf ljBfyL{x¿dWo] sf]xL sIff k|ltlglw -SofK6]g÷ df]lg6/_ x'G5 . o:tf sIff k|ltlglwn] sIffsf] g]t[Tj s;/L u5{g\ < sIff k|ltlglwsf] 5gf]6 / pgLx¿sf] lhDd]jf/Lsf af/]df rf/kfFr hgfsf] ;d"xdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . To;kl5 Ps hgfn] sIffsf] cu|efudf uO{ atfpg'xf];\ . @= tLg tLg hgfsf] ;d"x aGg'xf];\ . ca k|To]s ;d"xn] tnsf] tflnsfdf o; dlxgfsf] kfqf] -leQ]kfqf]_ agfpg'xf];\ M ;fn ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ dlxgf M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cfOtaf/ ;f]daf/ dª\unaf/ a'waf/ lalxaf/ z'qmaf/ zlgaf/ ;d"xdf efiff
118 j}v/L sIff % l;h{gf÷n3' kl/of]hgf != tn lbOPsf a'“bfx¿ /fv]/ kf;fªNxfd' z]kf{sf] 5f]6f] hLjgL n]Vg'xf];\ / ;fyLnfO{ ;'gfpg'xf];\M kf;fªNxfd' z]kf{ ™ lj=;+= @)!& ;fn dª\l;/, ;f]n'v'Da'sf] rf}F/Lvs{df hGd]sL ™ ;fg}b]lv pT;fxL, hfFul/nL, cfFl6nL ™ ;a};Fu ldNg ;Sg] u'0f ™ ;fg}b]lv kj{tf/f]x0f ug]{ ;f]v ™ klt ;f]gfdnfSkf z]kf{ klg kj{tf/f]x0f;DaGwL sfd ug]{ ™ ;u/dfyf r9\g] c7f]6 ™ ljleGg tflndx¿ lnP/ @)%) ;fn j}zfv !) ut] ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/fdf k'Ug ;kmn ™ ;u/dfyfsf] cf/f]x0fkl5 kms{Fbf af6fdf pgsf] lgwg ™ ;u/dfyf r9\g] klxnf] g]kfnL dlxnf ™ g]kfnL gf/L hfltsf] OHht a9fpg] dlxnf ™ d/]/ klg y'k|} k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sL ™ d/]/ klg ;bf cd/ @= …d]/f] ufpFÚ zLif{sdf tkfO{F cfkm}F sDtLdf rf/ x/kmsf] Pp6f sljtf n]Vg'xf];\ . cyjf, tkfO{Fsf] ufpF÷6f]ndf k|rlnt s'g} nf]suLtsf] sDtLdf 5 x/km l6kf]6 ug'{xf];\ . cfkm"n] n]v]sf] sljtf cyjf cfkm"n] ;ª\sng u/]sf] nf]suLt ;'gfpg'xf];\ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
j}v/L sIff % 119 SofG;/ / o;sf] hf]lvd kf7– (
120 j}v/L sIff % hf]lvd M vt/f b[li6 M x]/fO pkef]Stf M k|of]u ug]{Ù pkef]u ug]{ k|f0f3fts M Hofg;d]t lng] Jofofd M s;/t ljz]if1 M s'g} klg ljifodf hfgsf/ JolSt ;ª\If]k M 5f]6s/LÙ 5f]6f]df b'3{6gf M crfgs x'g] 36gf :jf:YosdL{ M :jf:Yosf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ ;f}o{ls/0f M ;"o{af6 lg:sg] ls/0f k|lts"ntf M jftfj/0f cfºgf] kIfdf gx'g] cj:yf zAb / cy{
j}v/L sIff % 121 õ slxn]sfxLF xfdLnfO{ /f]u nfU5 . xfdLnfO{ /f]u nfUg] s'g} rf/ cf]6f sf/0fx¿ n]Vg'xf];\ M != ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ õ tkfO{Fn] hfg] hlt /f]usf gfdx¿ n]Vg'xf];\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ k"j{k7g
122 j}v/L sIff % ;'gfO != ( ;'Gg'xf];\ / tnsf egfOx¿ s'g cg'R5]bdf 5g\, 7Dofpg'xf];\ M -s_ hyfefjL vfgfn] :jf:Yo¿kL wg s'lxP/ hfG5 . -v_ v/fa vfgf g} p;sf] sfn eP/ cfpF5 . -u_ hyfefjL vfgfn] lbdfunfO{ g} afwf k'¥ofpF5 . -3_ :jf:Yo l7s 5}g eg] xfdL /fd|/L sfd ug{ ;Sb}gf}F . @= ( ;'g]/ To;;Fu ;DalGwt rf/ cf]6f k|Zg lgdf{0f ug'{xf];\ M -s_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= ( ;'g]/ To;af6 tLg cf]6f d'Vo aF'bfx¿ l6Kg'xf];\ . tL a'Fbfsf cfwf/df ;'gfO kf7sf] ;f/ atfpg'xf];\ .
j}v/L sIff % 123 af]nfO != dflg; slxn]sfxLF ladf/L x'G5 . tkfO{F klg slxn]sfxLF ladf/L x'g'ePsf] xf]nf . kl5Nnf] k6s slxn] ladf/L x'g'ePsf] lyof] < tkfO{Fsf] ljrf/df tkfO{F ladf/L x'g] sf/0f s] lyof] < ladf/L x'Fbf s] s] eof] < cGTodf s;/L lgsf] x'g'eof] < ;a} s'/f sIffdf ;'gfpg'xf];\ . @= cfkm" ladf/L ePsf] ;a}sf] cg'ej ;'lg;s]kl5 s'g} kfFr hgf ;fyLx¿nfO{ slxn], s] ePsf] lyof] < k'gs{yg ug'{xf];\ . #= tnsf /f]usf nIf0f / /f]syfdsf af/]df sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . To;kl5 Pscsf{lar /f]usf] nIf0f / /f]syfdsf af/]df k|Zgf]Q/ ug'{xf];\ M -s_ ?3fvf]sL -v_ emf8fkvfnf -u_ dw'd]x÷lrgL /f]u -3_ SofG;/ -ª_ Uofl:6«s -r_ n'tf] $= tkfO{F slt jif{;Dd afFRg'x'G5 < s'g pd]/;Dd tkfO{F+ lqmofzLn x'g ;Sg'x'G5 < a'9\of}nLdf tkfO{F+ s]s:tf ultljlw ug'{x'G5 < sNkgfsf cfwf/df atfpg'xf];\ .
124 j}v/L sIff % k9fO SofG;/ / o;sf] hf]lvd SofG;/nfO{ g]kfnLdf ca'{b /f]u elgG5 . of] xf8, 5fnf, df;', /ut cflbdf c;/ u/]/ la:tf/} a9\b} hfg] / cGTodf d[To' u/fpg] Ps lsl;dsf] eoª\s/ /f]u xf] . o;n] z/L/sf] h'g efudf cfqmd0f ub{5, ToxL gfd kfp“5 . cyf{t\, kmf]S;fdf nfUg] SofG;/ kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/, d'6'df nfUg] SofG;/ d'6'sf] SofG;/, /utdf nfUg] SofG;/ /utsf] SofG;/ cflb cg]s lsl;dsf SofG;/x¿ x'G5g\ . of] /f]u vfgkfg tyf zf/Ll/s ultljlwx¿sf] k|lts"ntfn] nfUg] /f]u xf] . o; kf7df kmf]S;f], cfGb|f, d'6' / 5fnfdf nfUg] SofG;/sf sf/0f / tL SofG;/x¿af6 aRg ;lsg] s]xL pkfox¿sf af/]df ;ª\If]kdf rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 . jif{el/df kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/n] dg]{x¿sf] ;ª\Vof jif{el/df cfk/flws ultljlwdf dg]{ / cGo b'3{6gfdf k/]/ dg]{x¿sf] of]ueGbf klg a9L x'G5 . of] tYofª\sn] eofjx l:yltsf] ;ª\s]t ub{5 . t/ klg v';Lsf] s'/f s] 5 eg] k|foM ;a} dflg;x¿nfO{ kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/ nfUg] sf/0f af/] yfxf 5 . cfkm"n] r'/f]6 gvfP jf vfg 5f8] kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/sf] hf]lvdaf6 aRg ;lsG5 eGg] klg dflg;x¿nfO{ yfxf 5 . b'ef{Uo g} eGg'knf{, c¿ vfn] SofG;/ nfUg] sf/0f / aRg] pkfosf af/]df rflx“ dflg;x¿df o:tf] :ki6 1fg 5}g .
j}v/L sIff % 125 dflg;sf] :jf:YonfO{ kmfObf ug]{ w]/} lsl;dsf vfgfx¿ 5g\ t/ cfhsn w]/}h;f] dflg;x¿ x\ofdau{/, lrh, k|m]Grk|mfO{ / lkHhfh:tf vfgfx¿ vfg dg k/fp“5g\ . oL vfgfx¿ lgs} nf]slk|o 5g\ tfklg logLx¿df To:tf vfn] af];f]sf] ld;fj6 x'G5, h'g :jf:Yosf] b[li6n] k|lts"n x'G5 . To;f] t ahf/df xNsf tyf af];f] gePsf vfgfx¿ klg kfOG5g\ tfklg dflg;x¿ af];f]o'St vfgf g} lsG5g\ lsgeg] o:tf vfgfx¿ a9L :jflbnf x'G5g\ . t/ o:tf af];f]o'St vfgfsf] pkef]uaf6 SofG;/ nfUg] ;Defjgf a9L x'G5 . cfhsn klxn]sf dflg;x¿n] vfP hlts} dfqfdf tfhf ;fu;AhL / kmnkm"n vfO“b}gg\, a? sf/vfgfaf6 w]/} k6s k|zf]lwt vfgfx¿ ?rfOG5 h;df k|fs[lts kf}li6stf Hofb} sd x'G5 . k|fs[lts kf}li6stf sd ePsf vfgf vfgfn] sf]nf]g gfds -cfGb|f;DaGwL_ SofG;/ nfUg] ;Defjgf a9\5 . klxn]sf dflg;x¿df kf}li6stfsf] af/]df sd hfgsf/L lyof] tfklg pgLx¿ cfhsf dflg;x¿n] eGbf a9L ;Gt'lnt ef]hg vfg] uy]{ . To;}n] pgLx¿ SofG;/h:tf] k|f0f3fts /f]uaf6 sd kLl8t x'Gy] . cfhsf w]/}h;f] dflg;x¿ df]6fpg] /f]usf l;sf/ ePsf 5g\ . o:tf df]6f dfG5]x¿nfO{ s]xL lsl;dsf SofG;/n] ;tfpg] vt/f x'G5 . :jf:Yo ljz]if1sf cg';f/ df]6fpgfn] d'6'sf] /f]u dfq xf]Og, s]xL lglZrt k|sf/sf SofG;/sf] l;sf/ x'g] klg ;Defjgf a9L x'G5 . df]6f]kgaf6 d'lSt kfpg] pQd pkfo eg]sf] vfgfsf] dfqf 36fpg' / lgoldt Jofofd klg ul//xg' xf] . klxn]sf dflg;x¿ clxn]sf dflg;sf t'ngfdf Hofb} w]/} zf/Ll/s Jofofd ub{y] . lsgeg] To; ;dodf cfhsf] h:tf] df]6/sf/, cfw'lgs d]l;gx¿, sDKo'6/ cflb s]xL klg lyPg . To;}n] To; ;dosf dflg;x¿ cfhsf] h:tf] df]6f]kgsf] l;sf/ x'g'k/]sf] lyPg . cGTodf, :jf:YosdL{x¿ lbgfg'lbg a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5fnfsf] SofG;/k|lt cGToGt} uDeL/ x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . cfhsf dflg;x¿ ;fd"lxs¿kdf ;d'b|L lsgf/f
126 j}v/L sIff % jf kf}8Lkf]v/Ldf hfg] / 3fddf klN6g]h:tf lqmofsnfkx¿nfO{ a9fjf lbO/x]sf 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ w]/}h;f] dflg;x¿ 3fdn] 89\g] /f]uåf/f ;tfOPsf 5g\ . 3fdn] 5fnf 89\bf 5fnf lau|G5 / o;/L lau|]sf] 5fnf k'gM lau|]df 5fnfsf] SofG;/ x'g ;S5 . olb 5fnf PskN6 lalu|;s]sf] 5 eg] To;nfO{ km]l/ lau|g lbg'x'“b}g . To;}n] ;'/Iff ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f xf] . Pp6f /dfOnf] tYo s] 5 eg] klxn]klxn]sf dflg;x¿ ;"o{sf] l;wf x'g] u/L 3fddf kN6b}gy] . o;y{ pgLx¿nfO{ cfhsf dflg;x¿nfO{ nfu]hlt 5fnfsf] SofG;/ nfUb}gYof] . lxhf]cfh dflg;x¿ o;;DaGwL 8fS6/sf] r]tfjgL ;'Gg yfn]sf 5g\ . To;}n] w]/}eGbf w]/} dflg;x¿ ;"o{af6 aRg] pkfox¿ ckgfO/x]sf 5g\ . b'ef{Uosf] s'/f, o;/L ;r]t x'g'eGbf klxn] g} bz nfveGbf a9L dflg;x¿ SofG;/ x'g ;Sg] 5fnf;DaGwL o:tf /f]ux¿sf] l;sf/ eO;s]sf 5g\ . dfgjhfltsf] pTklQb]lv g} SofG;/sf] cl:tŒj /x]s} lyof] t/ ev{/} dfq dflg;x¿ o;af6 x'g;Sg] vt/fk|lt ;r]t x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . /]l8of], 6]lnlehg, kqklqsf hxf“;'s} w'd|kfglj/f]wL cleofgx¿ b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ . o;/L oxL lsl;dsf] Wofg plrt lsl;dsf] vfgf, Jofofd / ;f}o{ls/0fx¿dfly klg lbg ;lsof] eg] SofG;/;“u ;DalGwt w]/} 36gfx¿ lgZro g} sd x'g] s'/fdf ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 .
j}v/L sIff % 127 k9fO / n]vfO != dflysf] kf7sf] x/]s cg'R5]b km/s km/s ljBfyL{n] l56f] ;:j/ k7g ug'{xf];\ . @= kf7 k9L pQ/ eGg'xf];\ M -s_ …SofG;/ / o;sf] hf]lvdÚ slt cf]6f cg'R5]bdf /lrPsf] lgaGw xf] < -v_ SofG;/sf] kl/ro s'g cg'R5]bdf lbOPsf] 5 < -u_ kmf]S;f]sf] SofG;/sf] af/]df s'g cg'R5]bdf rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 < -3_ kf7sf] kfFrf}F cg'R5]df s:tf] /f]usf af/]df rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 < -ª_ kf7sf] clGtd cg'R5]bdf s] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 < #= l7s pQ/df l7s lrgf] - á _ lbg'xf];\ M -s_ SofG;/sf] g]kfnL gfd s] xf] < -c_ ca'{b /f]u -cf_ Ifo/f]u -O_ dxf/f]u -O{_ lg/f]u -v_ 3fdaf6 s'g SofG;/ x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5 < -c_ /utsf] -cf_ 5fnfsf] -O_ d'6'sf] -O{_ kmf]S;fsf] -u_ tnsf dWo] ;+;f/df ;aeGbf a9L dfG5] s'g sf/0fn] d5{g\ < -c_ b'3{6gfaf6 -cf_ cfk/flws ultljlwaf6 -O_ kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/af6 -O{_ /utsf] SofG;/af6 -3_ dflg;x¿ af];f]o'St vfgf vfg lsg dg k/fpF5g\ < -c_ kf]l;nf] ePsfn] -cf_ :jflbnf] ePsfn] -O_ gld7f ePsfn] -O{_ :jf:Yos/ ePsfn] $= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -s_ SofG;/ s:tf] /f]u xf] < -v_ kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/ x'g] k|d'v sf/0f s] xf] < -u_ s:tf vfnsf vfgfaf6 SofG;/ x'g;S5 < -3_ klxnfsf dflg;x¿ lsg df]6f]kgsf] l;sf/ ePgg\ < -ª_ w'd|kfg lj/f]wL cleofgx¿ lsg b]lvg yfn]sf x'g\ <
128 j}v/L sIff % %= nfdf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M s_ dflg;x¿nfO{ s]s:tf SofG;/ /f]un] ;tfPsf 5g\ < v_ SofG;/af6 aRg] pkfox¿ s] s] x'g\ < ^= tnsf] lrq x]/L 36gfj|md ldnfpg'xf];\ . j|mddf ldnfPsf lrqx¿sf] 36gfj|md j0f{g ug'{xf];\ M & tnsf] cg'R5]b dg dg} k9L rf/ cf]6f k|Zg agfpg'xf];\ M jif{el/df kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/n] dg]{x¿sf] ;ª\Vof jif{el/df cfk/flws ultljlwdf dg]{ / cGo b'3{6gfdf k/]/ dg]{x¿sf] of]ueGbf klg a9L x'G5 . of] tYofª\sn] eofjx l:yltsf] ;ª\s]t ub{5 . t/ klg v';Lsf] s'/f s] 5 eg] k|foM ;a} dflg;x¿nfO{ kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/ nfUg] sf/0f af/] yfxf 5 . cfkm"n] r'/f]6 gvfP jf vfg 5f8] kmf]S;fsf] SofG;/sf] hf]lvdaf6 aRg ;lsG5 eGg] klg dflg;x¿nfO{ yfxf 5 . b'ef{Uo g} eGg'knf{, c¿ vfn] SofG;/ nfUg] sf/0f / aRg] pkfosf af/]df rflx“ dflg;x¿df o:tf] :ki6 1fg 5}g . *= …:jf:Yo g} ;a}eGbf 7'nf] wg xf]Ú eGg] zLif{sdf Pp6f cg'R5]b n]Vg'xf];\ .
j}v/L sIff % 129 zAbe08f/ != s, v, u=== n]vL zAb / cy{sf] hf]8f ldnfO{ k9\g'xf];\ M -s_ k|lts"ntf - _ x]/fO -v_ pkef]Stf - _ Hofg lng] -u_ b[li6 - _ kL8f kfPsf] -3_ k|f0f3fts - _ :jf:Yosf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ -ª_ kLl8t - _ s'g} If]qdf hfGg] JolSt -r_ :jf:YosdL{ - _ cg's"n gePsf] cj:yf -5_ ljz]if1 - _ k|of]u ug]{ dfG5] @= tnsf kbfjnL / cy{sf] hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M ca'{b /f]u ck/fwo'St lqmofsnfk zf/Ll/s ultljlw SofG;/ /f]u cfk/flws ultljlw 5flgPsf, k|zf]wg ul/Psf vfgf ;Gt'lnt ef]hg z/L/sf] ljleGg sfd k|zf]lwt vfgf z/L/nfO{ rflxg] cfjZos vfgf #= kf7df cª\u|]hL efiffsf y'k|} zAbx¿ 5g\ . tL zAbdWo] bz cf]6f zAb vf]h]/ n]Vg'xf];\. tL zAbnfO{ cfºg} tl/sfn] jfSodf k|of]u ug'{xf];\ . $= tnsf gfd / tL;Fu ldNg] ;d"xjfrs zAbsf] hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M ufO{a:t' kmf}h dflg; yfs cª\u'/ ayfg lstfa /f; rfaL d'7f] sldnf x'n l;kfxL em'Qf] cGg uf]nf] ;fu em'Kkf] cl/ª\ufn tfFtL %= tnsf ;d"xjfrs zAb /fvL Ps Ps cf]6f jfSo agfpg'xf];\ M rfª le8 em'Qf] aufn la6f]
130 j}v/L sIff % Jofs/0f / j0f{ljGof; != vfnL 7fpFdf clxn]sf] ;do -jt{dfg sfn_ a'emfpg] lqmof k|of]u ug'{xf];\ . efO skfn ÒÒÒsf]5{ÒÒÒ . skfn sf]b}{ P]gfdf ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . P]gfdf cfkm}FnfO{ b]v]/ d';'Ss ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . To;kl5 :s'n ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . :s'ndf Wofgk"j{s ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . cfkm"n] NofPsf] vfhf ;fyLx¿;Fu afF8]/ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . cGTodf :s'n 5'6\6L ePkl5 ;/f;/ 3/ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . @= pbfx/0f x]/L tnsf wft'af6 5 cf]6f jt{dfg sfn a'emfpg] lqmof agfpg'xf];\ M wft' jt{dfg sfn a'emfpg] lqmofx¿ k9\ lxF8\ hf lb Nofp k9\5' k9\5f}F k9\g'x'G5 k9\5 k9\5] ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ hfG5' ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ #= tnsf zAbx¿ tflnsfdf ldNg] u/L eg'{xf];\ M ufpFn], s+z, 3fF6L, ;+/rgf, ;+jt\, ufF;, ;fFrf], x+z rGb|laGb' - F _ nfu]sf zAb lz/laGb' - + _ nfu]sf zAb ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= tLg tLg cf]6f rGb|laGb' / lz/laGb' nfu]sf zAbx¿ n]Vg'xf];\ .
j}v/L sIff % 131 ;d"xdf efiff != rf/ hgfsf] ;d"x aGg'xf];\ . ca x/]s ;d"xn] tnsf] tflnsfdf /f]u / tL /f]u nfUg] sf/0fx¿ n]Vg'xf];\ . cfºgf] ;d"xn] n]v]sf s'/fx¿ ;d"xaf6 Ps hgfn] sIffsf ;a}nfO{ ;'gfpg'xf];\ M j|m=;= /f]usf] gfd /f]u nfUg] sf/0fx¿ != ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ %= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ^= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= xfdLn] :j:Yo /xg s] s] ug'{k5{ < sIffsf ;fyLx¿lar 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . 5nkmnkZrft\ :j:y /xg xfdLn] ug'{kg]{ s'g} kfFr cf]6f s'/f n]Vg'xf];\ . ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
132 j}v/L sIff % l;h{gf÷n3' kl/of]hgf != cfºgf] rf/ cf]6f ?lr / rf/ cf]6f afgLx¿ n]Vg'xf];\ M j|m=;= d]/f ?lrx¿ d]/f afgLx¿ != km'6an v]Ng] lbgx'F g'xfpg] @= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ %= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= tnsf a'Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df Pp6f 5f]6f] cg'R5]b n]Vg'xf];\ M cdnf cdnfnfO{ ;+:s[tdf >Lkmn, cd[tkmn, lzjf / wfqL elgg] kmnx¿df >]i7 ePsfn] cdnfnfO{ >Lkmn elgPsf] cd[th:t} ePsfn] o;nfO{ cd[tkmn elgPsf] cdnf :jf:Yosf nflu sNof0fsf/L ePsfn] lzjf elgPsf] cdnf cfdfn] h:t} xfd|f] z/L/ tGb'?:t agfpg] ePsfn] wfqL klg elgPsf] cdnf ax'u'0fsf/L, :jfbdf rflxF cldnf] / u'lnof] ldl;P h:tf] kmn
j}v/L sIff % 133 lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] oGq kf7– !)
134 j}v/L sIff % j}1flgs – lj1fg;DaGwL hfGg] uj{ – 3dG8 k|ltefzfnL – k|ltef ePsf]Ù Ifdtf ePsf] nuQ} – tTsfn} crfgs – PSsfl; l6eLsf] kbf{ – 6]lnlehgsf] b[Zo b]lvg] efu sG6]g/ – kmf]xf]/ p7fpg] jf xfNg] efF8f] lat]sf] ;do – uPsf] ;do cg'dlt – :jLs[lt ufoa – x/fpg] sfdÙ nf]k x'g] sfd zAb / cy{
j}v/L sIff % 135 k"j{k7g õ tnsf lrqx¿ x]g'{xf];\ . To; lrqdf ePsf] afnsn] s] s] ug]{ sNkgf u/]sf] 5 < atfpg'xf];\ M
136 j}v/L sIff % ;'gfO != !) ;'Gg'xf];\ / To;kl5 ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] l7s pQ/df /]hf nufpg'xf];\ M -s_ ldbf; s:tf /fhf lyP < -c_ bfgL -cf_ nf]eL -O_ cN5] -v_ /fhf ldbf;n] tflGqs ;fw'nfO{ s] eg] < -c_ ;fw' dxf/fh Û -cf_ ;Gt dxf/fh Û -O_ >L % dxf/fh Û -u_ sfvdf a:g cfPsL /fhfsL 5f]/L s] eOg\ < -c_ lx/fsf] d"lt{ -cf_ 9'ª\ufsf] d"lt{ -O_ ;'gsf] d"lt{ @= !) sf] syfn] s:tf] lzIff lbG5 < tkfO{FnfO{ nfu]sf s'/f eGg'xf];\ . #= !) ;'lg;s]kl5 tkfO{FnfO{ s:tf] nfUof] < cfºgf] k|ltlqmof lbg'xf];\ . $= tnsf zAbx¿sf] pRrf/0f lzIfsaf6 ;'Gg'xf];\ / cfkm" klg pRrf/0f ug'{xf];\ . To;kl5 tL zAbnfO{ cy{ v'Ng] u/L jfSodf k|of]u ug'{+[xf];\ M tflGqs, blIf0f, tyf:t', d"lt{
j}v/L sIff % 137 af]nfO != !) sf] cGTodf ldbf;sL 5f]/L ldbf;sf] sfvdf a;]kl5 d"lt{ ePsf] s'/f pNn]v 5 . To;kl5 ldbf;sf] hLjgdf s] s] eof] xf]nf < sNkgf u/L pSt syfsf 36gfx¿ lj:tf/ ug'{xf];\ . @= !) df ePsf] syfsf] d'Vo ;d:of s] xf] < To:tf 36gf s;/L eof] xf]nf < atfpg'xf];\ . #= tkfO{Fsf] hLjgdf 36]sf] s'g} Pp6f ljz]if 36gf ;fyLx¿nfO{ ;'gfpg'xf];\ . $= c;n efj jf ljrf/nfO{ ;b\efj elgG5 . cyjf c¿sf] lxt xf];\ eGg] :jR5 ljrf/ g} ;b\efj xf] . ca tkfO{Fsf] ljrf/df s] s:tf ultljlwn] ;b\efj j[l4 x'G5 < s'g} tLg cf]6f ;b\efj km}nfpg] ultljlw jf ljrf/ atfpg'xf];\ . %= tkfO{FnfO{ dg kg]{ s'g} Pp6f r'6\lsnf sIffsf ;fyLx¿nfO{ ;'gfpg'xf];\ .
138 j}v/L sIff % k9fO lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] oGq – ljsn a:tL cfh lbj; Ps xKtfkl5 dfq :s'n cfof] . To;}n] d}n] ;f]lwxfn]“, æltdL lsg Ps xKtf;Dd :s'n gcfPsf] x“ <Æ p;n] d]/f] sfg}g]/ d'v NofP/ eGof], æyfxf 5 /fh' † d}n] cl:t eg]sf] ;fdfg agfP“ lg †Æ lbj; Pp6f Hofb} k|ltefzfnL s]6f] lyof] . pm yf]q] /]l8of] jf 38Lx¿af6 kª\vfx¿ agfpg ;SYof] . slxn]sfxL“ tf/lagf aHg] /]l8of] klg agfp“Yof] . Psk6s t Pp6f yf]qf] lk|G6/af6 u[xsfo{ ug]{ oGq klg agfPsf] lyof] . o;/L s]6fs]6Ld} y'k|} ;fdfgx¿ agfPsfn] ;a}n] p;nfO{ km'Rr] j}1flgs eGy] . xfdL rflx“ p;nfO{ r:d] eg]/ af]nfp“Yof}“ lsgls xfd|f] sIffdf r:df nufpg] pm dfq lyof] . æ/fh' † e/] l6lkmgdf nfOa|]/L hfg] xf] <Æ p;n] sIffdf u'? k:g'eGbf cufl8 dnfO{ ;f]Wof] . ælsg <Æ æd}n] lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] oGq agfP“ lg †Æ p;n] uj{;fy eGof] . lbj;;“u p;sf] b;f}“ hGdlbgsf] lel8of] Sof;]6 lyof] . pm k|foM km';{bsf]
j}v/L sIff % 139 ;dodf nfOa|]/Ldf k;]/ ToxL x]l//xGYof] / eGg] uYof]{– æd]/f] of] hGdlbg d]/f] hLjgsf] ;a}eGbf /dfOnf] lbg xf] . d km]l/ s;/L oxL lbgdf af“Rg kfp“nf <Æ ln;fn] KofRr eg]sL lyO{, æcfpg] dª\l;/ & ut] ltd|f] hGdlbg xf]Og < ToxL lbg /dfOnf] u/ g . eOxfN5 lg .Æ lbj; eGYof], æxf]Og, d t cfºgf] b;f}“ hGdlbgd} af“Rg rfxG5' .Æ ln;f lbj;sf] s'/f ;'g]/ cf]7 n]Ko|fp“yL . xfdL klg xf“;]/ p8fp“Yof}“ . l6lkmgsf] 306L nfUof] . lbj; p;n] agfPsf] gof“F s'/f b]vfpg dnfO{ k':tsfnodf lnP/ uof] . ln;f klg xfdLnfO{ k5\ofp“b} cfO{ . lbj;n] k':tsfnosf sd{rf/L;“u l6eL x]g]{ cg'dlt dfUof] . p;n] l6eLsf tf/x¿ hf]8hf8 kf¥of] . To;kl5 p;n] agfPsf] lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] oGq klg hf]8\of] . Tof] oGq Pp6f yf]q] l6gh:t} lyof] . æx]/, ca of] 6f]kL d}n] nufPkl5 ltdLn] of] /ftf] a6g bafOb]pm, To;kl5 d l6eLsf] kbf{df k:5' / d}n] rfx]sf lat]sf lbgx¿df k'Ug ;S5' . :s'nsf] 306L nfUg] a]nfdf of] csf]{ kx]“nf] a6g bafpg". d aflx/ lg:sG5'.Æ lbj;n] p;sf] oGqaf/] atfof] . d}n] klg æx'G5Æ eg]“ . lbj;n] Tof] rf/kf6] oGq cfºgf] 6fpsfdf l5/fof] . d}n] /ftf] a6g bafP“ . oGqn] Pp6f cgf}7f] cfjfh lgsfNof] . To;sf] nuQ} lbj; t l6eLsf] kbf{leqaf6 s/fpg yfNof], æx]Nnf] /fh' † x]Nnf] ln;f ††Æ lbj;nfO{ l6eLsf kbf{leqaf6 af]n]sf] b]Vg]lalQs} ln;fn] egL, ælbj; †
140 j}v/L sIff % d klg Toxf“ cfpg rfxG5' . d klg lat]sf lbgx¿df af“Rg rfxG5' .Æ lbj;n] ToxL“af6 eGof], æcl3 d}n] u/]h:t} u/L Tof] 6f]kL nufpm g .Æ ln;fn] Tof] oGq lbj;n] h:t} u/L 6fpsfdf nufO{ . d}n] /ftf] a6g bafOlbP“ . km]l/ cgf}7f] cfjfh cfof] . Ps}l5gdf ln;f klg lbj;;Fu} l6eLsf] kbf{df b]vf k/L . pgLx¿ b'a}n] dnfO{ xft xNnfP . To;kl5 lbj;n] 6fpsfdf xft /fv]/ eGof], æd]/f] b;f}“ hGdlbg .Æ geGb} l6eLsf] kbf{df lbj;sf] b;f}“ hGdlbgsf] ef]hsf] b[Zo b]vfk¥of] . To; ef]hdf d klg lyP“ . lbj;sf] cfºgf] b;f}F hGdlbgsf] ef]hdf cfºgf bz hgf ;fyLx¿nfO{ af]nfPsf] lyof] . xfdLn] To; ef]hdf Hofb} /dfOnf] u/]sf lyof}“ . tL ;a} b[Zox¿ kbf{df h:tfsf] To:t} b]vf k/] . lbj; / ln;f klg dSv kl//x]sf lyP . crfgs lah'nL ¤ofKk uof] . d s]xLa]/ lah'nL cfp“5 ls eg]/ ToxL“ a;]“ . Ps}l5gdf :s'nsf] 306L nfluxfNof] . To;kl5 d cfºgf] sIffsf]7flt/ nfu]“ . kf“rf}“ 306Lsf] k9fO ;lsof], lbj; / ln;f sIffdf cfPgg\ . 5}6f}“ / ;ftf}“ 306L klg ;lsP, t/ pgLx¿ cfPgg\ . :s'n 5'6\6L ePkl5 d bf}8“b} k':tsfno uP“ . Toxf“ l6eL klxn]s} 7fp“df lyof] . t/, lbj;sf] gof“ oGq lyPg . d}n] Toxf“sf sd{rf/LnfO{ Tof] ;fdfgsf] af/]df ;f]w]“ . pxf“n] Tof] yf]q] l6g :s'naflx/sf] sG6]g/df kmfn]sf] s'/f atfpg'eof] . d xtfl/“b} sG6]g/ ePsf] 7fp“df uP“ . t/ sG6]g/sf] kmf]xf]/ t cl3 g} 6«sn] nlu;s]5 . e/] a]n'sL lbj; / ln;fsf afcfdfx¿n] pgLx¿ ufoa ePsf] s'/f yfxf kfpg]5g\ . To;kl5 pgLx¿sf] vf]hL xf]nf . :s'ndf klg lbj; / ln;fsf] af/]df dnfO{ ;f]Wg] xf]nfg\ . d}n] s] hafkm lbg] xf]nf < lbj; / ln;f sxf“ xf]nfg\ <
j}v/L sIff % 141 k9fO / n]vfO != dflysf] kf7 rf/ ldg]6leq ;:j/ k9\g] cEof; ug'{xf];\ . @= s;n] s;nfO{ eg]sf] xf] < n]Vg'xf];\ M -s_ ltdL lsg Ps xKtf;Dd :s'n gcfPsf] x“ < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ d}n] cl:t eg]sf] ;fdfg agfPF lg † ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ e/] l6lkmgdf nfOa|]/L hfg] xf] < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ d km]l/ s;/L oxL lbgdf afFRg kfpFnf < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ cfpg] dª\l;/ & ut] ltd|f] hGd lbg xf]Og < ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= kf7sf] t];|f] cg'R5]b k9L pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -s_ lbj; s:tf] s]6f] xf] < -v_ lbj; s]af6 kª\vfx¿ agfpg ;SYof] < -u_ lbj;n] u[xsfo{ ug]{ oGq s]af6 agfP5 < -3_ lbj;sf ;fyLx¿ p;nfO{ lsg r:d] eGy] < -ª_ tnsf zAbsf] cy{ eGg'xf];\ M yf]q], u[xsfo{ $= pQ/ eGg'xf];\ M -s_ dflysf] syfdf slt ;dosf] 36gf pNn]v 5 < -v_ dflysf] syfdf slt hgf kfq 5g\ / tL sf] sf] x'g\ < -u_ dflysf] syfdf ePsf s'g} tLg cf]6f 36gfx¿ atfpg'xf];\ .
142 j}v/L sIff % %= tnsf 36gfx¿nfO{ qmddf /fVg'xf];\ M - _ lbj;n] k':tsfnosf sd{rf/Lsf] cg'dlt lnP/ l6eLdf tf/x¿ hf]8hf8 kfg'{ - _ aQL ‰ofKk uPsf] s]xL a]/df :s'nsf] 306L ah]kl5 /fh' sIffdf hfg' - _ lbj;n] lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] afs; h:tf] oGqdf 6fpsf] l5/fPkl5 /fh'n] a6g bafOlbg' - ! _ /fh', lbj; / ln;f k':tsfno hfg' - _ lbj; l6eLsf] kbf{df b]lvPkl5 ln;f klg lbj;n] u/]h:t} u/]/ l6eLsf] kbf{df b]lvg' - _ :s'n labf ePkl5 klg lbj; / ln;f gkms]{kl5 / lbj;sf] lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] oGq klg kmf]xf]/sf] sG6]g/af6 6«sn] nu]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 /fh' lrlGtt x'g' - _ To;kl5 lbj; / ln;f lat]sf] ;dodf 8'Ng yfn]sf] s'/f /fh'n] l6eLdf b]Vg' ^= pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M -s_ lbj; s]s:tf ;fdfg agfpg ;SYof] < -v_ lbj;sf s'/f ;'g]/ ln;f lsg cf]7 n]Ko|fpFyL < -u_ lbj; / ln;f s;/L x/fP < -3_ /fh' lsg lrlGtt eof] < &= lbj; s:tf] afns xf] < …lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] oGqÚ syfsf cfwf/df lbj;sf] kl/ro n]Vg'xf];\ . *= …lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] oGqÚ syf tkfO{FnfO{ s:tf] nfUof] < cfkm"nfO{ nfu]sf ljrf/x¿ ;d]6L pSt syfsf] 5f]6f] ;dLIff ug'{xf];\ . (= s] dflg; lat]sf] ;dodf kms{g ;S5 < cfºgf ts{x¿ ;d]6L Ps cg'R5]b n]Vg'xf];\ . !)= …lat]sf] ;dodf n}hfg] oGqÚ syfnfO{ 5f]6s/Ldf k'gn]{vg ug'{xf];\ M
j}v/L sIff % 143 zAbe08f/ != tnsf zAb / cy{sf] hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M j}1flgs tTsfn} uj{ PSsfl; k|ltefzfnL 6]lnlehgsf] b[Zo b]lvg] efu nuQ} b]lvg] j:t'Ù x]g{ ;lsg] j:t' crfgs kmf]xf]/ p7fpg] jf xfNg] efF8f] l6eLsf] kbf{ lj1fg;DaGwL hfGg] b[Zo 3dG8 sG6]g/ k|ltef ePsf]Ù Ifdtf ePsf] @= tnsf kbfjnLsf] cy{ 5fg]/ n]Vg'xf];\ M lat]sf] ;do Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cf]7 n]Ko|fpg' Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ k':tsfnosf sd{rf/L Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cg'dlt dfUg' Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cgf}7f] cfjfh Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ufoa x'g' Ö ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= kf7df cª\u|]hL efiffsf zAbx¿ klg 5g\ . tLdWo] bz cf]6f zAb vf]h]/ n]Vg'xf];\ . $= tnsf zAbx¿sf] ;fgf] a'emfpg] zAb;Fu hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M 8fnf] vl6of lrD6f y}nL y}nf] 8fnL vf6 sf]bfnL sf]bfnL lrD6L km"n ufu|L emf]nf km'nL ufu|f] emf]nL :jLs[lt dfUg' crDdsf] cfjfh uPsf] ;do x/fpg' cf]7 afª\uf] agfpg' k':tsfnodf sfd ug]{ dfG5]
144 j}v/L sIff % Jofs/0f / j0f{ljGof; != tnsf kf7df ePsf] vfnL 7fpFdf lat]sf] ;do -e"t sfn a'emfpg]_ pko'St lqmof k|of]u ug'{xf];\ M lbj;n] Pp6f oGq ÒNofof]ÒÒ . p;n] /fh'nfO{ Tof] oGq ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . Tof] oGq ln;fn] klg ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . To;kl5 lbj;, /fh' / ln;f k':tsfno ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . lbj;n] Tof] oGq sDKo'6/df ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . To;kl5 p;n] Tof] afs; h:tf] oGqdf 6fpsf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ / ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ æ/fh' ca Tof] /ftf] a6g bafOb]pm .Æ /fh'n] lbj;n] eg] h:t} ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . lbj; t sDKo'6/sf] dlg6/df kf] ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ . @= tnsf wft'af6 e"t sfnsf 5 5 cf]6f lj|mof agfpg'xf];\ M wft' M e"t sfnsf lj|mof n]v\ M n]v]F nVof}F n]Vof] n]Vg'eof] n]Vof] n]vL a;\ M ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ vf M ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ Nofp M ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒ #= z'4 zAb rflxF vfnL 7fpFdf ;fg'{xf];\ M s0f{ ÷sg{ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ kGr÷k~r ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cª\s÷cGs ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ dx]Gb|÷dx]+b| ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ;DaGw÷;+aGw ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ c08f÷cG8f ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ kGvf÷kª\vf ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cGrn÷c~rn ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ vG8÷ v08 ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ cDaf÷c+af ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
j}v/L sIff % 145 ;d"xdf efiff != kfFr hgfsf] ;d"xdf 5nkmn u/L sDtLdf bz cf]6f pvfg ;ª\sng ug'{xf];\ . tL pvfgsf] cfzo s] x'g ;S5 < Tof] klg 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . cfºgf] ;d"xn] ;ª\sng u/]sf pvfg / ltgsf] cfzo 6f]nLsf Ps hgfn] sIffsf ;fyLx¿nfO{ ;'gfpg'xf];\ . cGo 6f]nLn] eg]sf t/ tkfO{Fsf] 6f]nLn] ;ª\sng gu/]sf pvfg eP tL klg tn hKb} hfg'xf];\ M -s_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -v_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -u_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -3_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -ª_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -r_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -5_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -h_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -em_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -`_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -6_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -7_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -8_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ -9_ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ
146 j}v/L sIff % l;h{gf÷n3' kl/of]hgf != tkfO{Fsf] ljBfnoaflx/sf kfFr hgf ;fyLx¿sf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . tL ;fyLx¿ s:tf x'g\ < Ps jfSodf ;fyLsf] ljz]iftf n]Vg'xf];\ M j|m=;+= ;fyLsf] gfd ljz]if0f != /fhg e6\6 /fhg ;fgf ;fgf s'/fdf /dfOxfNg] lsl;dsf] 5 . @= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ $= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ %= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ^= ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ @= tnsf a'Fbfx¿sf cfwf/df 5f]6f syf agfP/ sIffdf k|:t't ug'{xf];\ M nlS;dfsf] ljBfnodf km'6an v]n x'g' km'6an v]Ng hfg] a]nfdf ofbjn] nlS;dfnfO{ p;sf] 38L /fVg lbg' km'6an v]n cToGt} /f]rs x'g' nlS;dfsf] ;fyL ofbjsf] 6f]nLn] v]n lht]kl5 nlS;df klg v';Ln] pkm|Fb} gfRb} bf}8g' ofbjn] nlS;dfnfO{ cfkm"n] /fVg lbPsf] 38L dfUg' nlS;dfn] cfºgf] uf]hL 5fDg' t/ 38L ge]6\6fpg'