kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 145 @= lzIfsn] NofPsf lrqkQLaf6 Pp6f lrqkQL lemSg'xf];\ . pSt lrqkQLdf ePsf] hgfj/sf] lxF8fO, cfjfh cflbsf] gSsn ug'{xf];\ . #= tkfO{Fsf] sIffsf] dlg6/n] af]Ng] h:tf] gSsn ug'{xf];\ . $= uLtsf] efjcg';f/ ldNg] xftsf] d'b|f;Fu hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M uLtdf ePsf zAb xftsf] d'b|f lr;f] kfgL lkP/ xfdL ;fgf sf]lknf kG5L eP hfGy]F p8]/ 9sdSs k"mn k'mn]sf] -3_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ u/f}F / l;sf}F != tkfO{Fsf] jl/kl/ b]lvg] ljleGg k|sf/sf hgfj/sf] rfn cjnf]sg u/L tflnsfdf juL{s/0f ug'{xf];\ M p8\g] 3;|g] lxF8\g] bf}8g] kf}8g] pk|mg] k/]jf ;k{ ufO{ d[u df5f plkofF
146 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t @= tnsf] h:t} p8\g], 3;|g], lxF8\g], bf}8g], kf}8g], km8\sg] / pk|mg] hgfj/sf] lrq 6Ff;L lrqk'l:tsf agfpg'xf];\ M p8\g] 3;|g] lxF8\g] kf}8g] pk|mg] km8\sg]
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 147 kf7 @ la?jf kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != la?jfsf ljleGg efu -h/f, 8fF7, kft, km"n / kmn_ klxrfg ug{ . @= la?jfsf] juL{s/0f ug{ -?v, a'6\ofg / emf/kft_ != o; kf7df xfdL la?jfsf ljleGg efu -h/f, 8fF7, kft, km"n / kmn_ klxrfg ug]{ 5f}F . @= xfd|f] jl/kl/sf la?jfnfO{ ?v, a'6\ofg / emf/kft_ df juL{s/0f ug]{ 5f}F . -s_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F, 5nkmn u/fF} cEof; -s_ != lrqdf b]vfOPsf ljleGg k|sf/sf la?jfsf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . @= dflysf la?jfx¿df tkfO{F d'Vo km/s s] b]Vg'x'G5 < #= dflysf la?jfdWo] Ps jif{eGbf sd afFRg] / nfdf] ;do afFRg] la?jfx¿ 5'6\ofP/ n]Vg'xf];\ . #= tkfO{Fsf] 3/ j/k/ kfOg] Psbd} xf]rf tyf e'mKk k/]sf / cUnf la?jfsf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . -v_ k9f}F / a'emf}F la?jfsf ljleGg efu x'G5g\ . h:t}M h/f, sf08, 8fF7, xfFuf, kft, km"n, kmn cflb . la?jfsf] hldgleqsf] efunfO{ h/f elgG5 . la?jfsf h/fx¿ hldgleq df6fdf k}mlnPsf x'G5g\ . h/fn] la?jfnfO{ df6fdf c8\ofpF5g\ / hldgaf6 kfgL / kf}li6s tŒj ;f]:5g\ .
148 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t la?jfsf] hldgaflx/sf] efunfO{ sf08 elgG5 . sf08sf] d'Vo efu 8fF7 xf] . 8fF7n] h/faf6 cfPsf] kf}li6s tŒj / kfgLnfO{ kft;Dd ;f5{ . 8fF7af6 xfFuf knfpF5g\ . la?jfsf xfFufdf kft, k"mn / kmn x'G5g\ t/ s'g} la?jfsf xfFuf x'Fb}gg\ . kftdf la?jfn] vfgf agfpF5 . k"mnaf6 kmn / lap aG5 . cEof; -v_ != vfnL 7fpFdf ldNg] zAb eg'{xf];\ M h/f, sf08, 8fF7, xfFuf, kft, k"mn, kmn, 8fF7, kmn, k"mn -c_ ============/ ===========la?jfsf d'Vo b'O{ efu x'g\ . -cf_ la?jfsf] sf08df ==========,===========,=============,===============/============== x'G5g\ . -O_ la?jfsf] =============af6 xfFuf knfpF5g\ . -O{_ la?jfdf ==============af6 ==========aG5 . la?jfsf efux¿sf] sfd k"mn lj?jfnfO{ cfsif{s agfpg] / kl5 kmn aGg] 8f“7 lj?jfnfO{ c8\ofpg] vfgf / kfgLnfO{ ;~rfng ug]{ kft lj?jfsf nflu vfgf agfpg] h/f lj?jfnfO{ c8\ofpg] lj?jfsf nflu hldgaf6 kf}li6s tŒj / kfgL ;f];]/ k7fpg]
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 149 @= k|To]s sf]7faf6 zAb 5fg]/ pko'St jfSo agfpg'xf];\ M la?jf n] sf] k"mn, kft, h/f, 8fF7 Aff6 n] kmn / kl5 aLp agfpF5 . vfgf agfpg] u5{ . h/faf6 cfPsf] kf}li6s tŒj / kfgLnfO{ kft;Dd ;fb{5 . kf}li6s tŒj / kfgL ;f];]/ lnG5 . pbfx/0fM la?jfsf] 8fF7n] h/faf6 cPsf] kf}li6s tŒj / kfgLnfO{ kft;Dd ;fb{5 . #= la?jfsf ljleGg efu / ltgsf] sfd;Fu hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M qm=;+= sfd efu != Vffgf agfpg] km"n @= la?jfnfO{ c8\ofpg] kft #= xfFuf lgsfNg] 7fF7 $= kmn agfpg] h/f $= sfdsf cfwf/df tn lbOPsf la?jfsf ljleGg efusf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ M qm=;+= sfd gfd != Vffgf agfpg] @= la?jfnfO{ c8\ofpg] #= xfFuf lgsfNg] $= kmn agfpg]
150 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t %= tn lbOPsf la?jfsf ljleGg efusf] sfd n]Vg'xf];\ M ^= la?jfsf ljleGg efusf] gfdfª\sg u/L pko'St /ª eg'{xf];\ M la?jfsf efux¿sf] sfd k"mn kft h/f 8f“7
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 151 -u_ k9f}F / a'emf}F xfd|f] j/k/ ljleGg k|sf/sf la?jf kfOG5g\ . ;a} la?jf Psgf;sf x'Fb}gg\ . s'g} la?jf 7'nf x'G5g\ eg] s'g} ;fgf . s'g} la?jf 5f]6f] ;do dfq afFR5g\ . s'g} nfdf] ;do;Dd afFR5g\ . s'g}df xl/of] / g/d 8fF7 x'G5 . s'g}sf 8fF7df af]qmf xF'b}g . ;fgf / g/d 8fF7 x'g] la?jfnfO{ emf/kft elgG5 . h:t}M tf]/L, s]/fp, wfg, ux'F, ds} cflb . emf/kftsf] 8fF7 dl;gf] x'G5 . w]/}h;f] emf/kft 5f]6f] ;do dfq afFR5g\ . s]xL emf/kft cf}ifwLsf ¿kdf k|of]u x'G5g\ . s]xL emf/kftaf6 cgfh, t/sf/L / u]8fu'8L k|fKt ul/G5 . s]xL la?jfx¿ h:t}M ;'Gtnf, sfutL, u'nfa, cgf/, nfn'kft] cflb demf}nf cfsf/ / s8f 8fF7 ePsf x'G5g\ . demf}nf cfsf/ / s8f 8fF7 x'g] la?jfnfO{ a'6\ofg elgG5 . h:t}M u'nfa, ;'Gtnf, sfutL, cgf/, nfn'kft] cflb . a'6\ofg ?veGbf xf]rf x'G5g\ . a'6\ofgsf 8fF7af6 w]/} xfFuf e'mKk k/]/ cfPsf x'G5g\ . a'6\ofgx¿ s]xL jif{;Dd afFR5g\ . s]xL la?jf 7'nf, df]6f / s8f 8fF7 ePsf x'G5g\ . 7'nf, df]6f / s8f 8fF7 ePsf la?jfnfO{ ?v elgG5 . h:t}M cfFk, lkkn, l;dn, ;fn, l;;f}, lgd cflb . ?vx¿ w]/} jif{;Dd afFR5g\ . ?vsf 8fF7df xfFuf cfPsf x'G5g\ . w]/}h;f] ?vsf 8fF7 s8f x'g] ePsfn] rflxg] sf7 xfdL ?vaf6 k|fKt u5f}{+ .
152 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cEof; -u_ != vfnL 7fpFdf ldNg] zAb eg'{xf];\ M 8fF7, sdnf], a'6\ofgx¿, ?vsf, ?vx¿ -c_ emf/kftsf] ===========dl;gf] / ===============x'G5 . cf_ emf/kftsf] ================ dl;gf] / =============== x'G5 . -O_ ============ 8fF7 df]6f / alnof x'G5g\ . -O_ ================= w]/} jif{;Dd afFR5g\ . @= hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M a'6\ofg ?v cf8 lnP/ a9\g] emf/kft t/sf/L vfg] emf/kft ?v 8fF7 df]6f], alnof] cUnf] / cfo' nfdf] a'6\ofg csf/M demf}nf, g 7'nf g ;fgf emf/kft cfo'M s]lx jif{ 8fF7 dl;gf] / g/d tyf 5f]6f] cfo'M s]xL dlxgf la?jf
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 153 #= lrqx¿ x]/]/ emf/kft, a'6\ofg / ?vsf ¿kdf 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ M s]/fp, ;Nnf], sfpnL, ds}, nfn'kft], afF;, 3G6L k"mn, wlgof, :ofp, n;'g, a/, plQ; ?v a'6\ofg emf/ $= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M -c_ la?jf slt k|sf/sf x'G5g\ < pbfx/0f;lxt n]Vg'xf];\ . -c_ 5f]6f] ;do dfq afFRg] la?jfnfO{ s] elgG5 < o:tf la?jfsf s'g} b'O{ cf]6f ljz]iftf / kfFr cf]6f pbfx/0f n]Vg'xf];\ . -cf_ s:tf la?jfnfO{ a'6\ofg elgG5 < o:tf la?jfsf s'g} b'O{ cf]6f ljz]iftf / kfFr cf]6f pbfx/0f n]Vg'xf];\ . -O_ s:tf la?jfnfO{ ?v elgG5 < o:tf la?jfsf s'g} b'O{ cf]6f ljz]iftf / kfFr cf]6f pbfx/0f n]Vg'xf];\ . -O{_ tkfO{Fsf] jl/kl/ ePsf rf/ rf/ cf]6f ?v, a'6\ofg / emf/ktfsf pbfx/0f n]Vg'xf];\ M ?v a'6\ofg emf/kft
154 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t -p_ ?v, a'6\ofg / emf/ktfsf pkof]lutf n]Vg'xf];\ M ?vsf pkof]lutf a'6\ofgsf pkof]lutf emf/kftsf pkof]lutf -3_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ u/f}F / l;sf}F != tkfO{Fsf] 3/ j/k/ ePsf la?jfsf] cjnf]sg ug'{xf];\ . tL la?jfdWo] s'g s'g ´f/kft, a'6\ofg / ¿v x'g\, 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ M ´f/kft a'6\ofg ¿v @= lbOPsf] lrq k"/f u/L pko'St /ª eg'{xf];\ M
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 155 kf7 # ljleGg k|sf/sf la?jf kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != cfkm\gf] j/k/ kfOg] ljleGg k|sf/sf af]6la?jfnfO{ lrGg / cfjZostfcg';f/ pkof]u ug{ != o; kf7df xfdL cfkm\gf] j/k/ kfOg] ljleGg k|sf/sf af]6la?jfnfO{ lrGg] 5f}F . @= cfkm\gf] j/k/ kfOg] ljleGg k|sf/sf af]6la?jfnfO{ xfd|f] cfjZostfcg';f/ pkof]u ug]{af/] cWoog / 5nkmn ug]{ 5f}F . -s_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F / 5nkmn u/f}F
156 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cEof; -s_ != lrqdf b]vfOPsf kmnk"mn, ;fukft, t/sf/L / cGgafnLsf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . @= tkfO{Fsf] ufpF3/df pAhfp x'g] cGgafnL, ;fukft, t/sf/L, u]8fu'8L / kmnk"mnsf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ M cGgafnL ;fukft t/sf/L u]8fu'8L kmnk"mn #= tkfO{Fn] vfPsf cGgafnL, ;fukft, t/sf/L, u]8fu'8L / kmnk"mnsf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ M cGgafnL ;fukft t/sf/L] u]8fu'8L kmnk"mn -v_ k9f}F / a'emf}F tNnf3/] xs{axfb'/ k];fn] ls;fg x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] w]/} lsl;dsf cGgafnL, ;fukft, t/sf/L, u]8fu'8L / kmnk"mnsf] v]tL ug'{ePsf] 5 . h:t}M wfg, uxF', ds}, sf]bf], kmfk/, /fof], kfns, cfn', sfpnL, aGbf, 6df6/, km;L{, s]/fp, rgf, e6df;, af]8L, l;dL, :ofp, ;'Gtnf, cfFk, cDaf cflb . pxfF w]/} k|sf/sf cGgafnLsf] v]tL ug'{x'G5 . h:t}M wfg, uxF', ds}, sf]bf], kmfk/ cflb . pxfFsf] af/Ldf /fof], kfns, cfn', sfpnL, aGbf, 6df6/, km;L{ h:tf ;fukft tyf t/sf/L 5g\ . pxfFn] u]8fu'8Lsf la?jf klg /f]Kg'ePsf] 5 . pgsf af/ Ldf s]/fp, rgf, e6df;, af]8L, l;dL, /fhdf cflb nufOPsf] 5 . pxfF kmnk"mnsf] klg lgs} ;f]lvg x'g'x'G5 . To;}n] v]taf/Lsf] l8n}l8n x'g] u/L ljleGg k|sf/sf kmnk"mnsf la?jf klg /f]Kg'ePsf] 5 . :ofp, ;'Gtnf, cfFk, cDaf, cgf/, cª\u'/
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 157 cflb kmnkm"n pgsf af/Ldf kfOG5 . xs{axfb'/ cfk"mn] pAhfPsf tfhf cgfh, ;fukft÷t/sf/L / kmnk"mn lgoldt vfg'x'G5 . a9L ePdf glhs}sf] ahf/df nu]/ a]Rg'x'G5 . cEof; -u_ != l7s eP l7s lrx\g - á _ / a]l7s eP a]l7s lrx\g - â _ nufpg'xf];\ M -c_ cDaf, cgf/, cª\u'/ cflb kmnk"mn x'g\ . -cf_ sfpnL, aGbf, 6df6/, km;L{ cflb cGgafnL x'g\ . -O_ ds}, sf]bf], kmfk/ cflb t/sf/L x'g\ . -O{_ :ofp, ;'Gtnf, cfFk cflb kmnkm"n x'g\ . -p_ wfg, uxF', ds} cflb cGgafnL x'g\ . @= hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M ;fukft u]8fu'8L cGgafnL t/sf/L kmnk"mn
158 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t #= cGgafnL, ;fukft, t/sf/L, u]8fu'8L / kmnk"mnsf kfFr kfFr pbfx/0f n]Vg'xf];\ M cGgafnL ;fukft t/sf/L u]8fu'8L kmnk"mn $= tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M -c_ xfdL af]6la?jfaf6 s] s] kfpF5f}F < -cf_ tNnf3/] xs{axfb'/sf af/Ldf ePsf ljleGg k|sf/sf la?jfsf] gfd tnsf] tflnsfdf n]Vg'xf];\ M cGgafnL ;fukft u]8fu'8L kmnk"mn -O_ tn lbOPsf la?jfnfO{ ljleGg ju{df 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ M cgf/, d]yLsf] ;fu, d]jf, af]8L, ds}, cª\u'/, wfg, :ofp, ;'Gtnf, kmfk/, /fof], cfn', aGbf, 6df6/, km;L{, s]/fp, rgf, uxF', sf]bf], e6df;, l;dL, /fhdf, kfns, cfFk, sfpnL, cDaf cGgafnL ;fukft u]8fu'8L kmnk"mn
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 159 -u_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ u/f}F / l;sf}F tkfO{Fn] ut Ps xKtfdf s] s:tf ;fukft÷t/sf/L, cGgafnL, kmnk"mn / u]8fu'8L vfg'eof] < tnsf] tflnsfdf n]Vg'xf];\ M ;fukft÷t/sf/L cGgafnL kmnk"mn
160 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t xfd|f] jftfj/0f PsfO ^ xfd|f] jftfj/0f kf7 ! j/k/sf] ;kmfO kf7 @ xfd|f] ;Dkbf kf7 # xfjf, kfgL / df6f] kf7 $ j:t'sf u'0fx¿
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 161 kf7 ! j/k/sf] ;kmfO kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != cfkm\gf] j/k/sf] jftfj/0f ;kmf /fVg @= kmf]xf]/ jftfj/0fn] kfg{] c;/ a'em\g #= ;kmf kfg]{ tl/sf eGg $= kmf]xf]/ / ;kmflar km/s vf]Hg !=;kmf jftfj/0fsf] dxŒj a'em\g ;Sg] 5f}F . @= kmf]xf]/sf k|sf/ a'em\g ;Sg] 5f}F . #= jftfj/0f ;kmf kfg{ ;Sg] 5f}F . -s_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F / 5nkmn u/f}F cEof; -s_ lrq x]b}{ sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ M != tkfO{Fsf] 3/ jl/kl/sf] jftfj/0f s:tf] 5 < @= tkfO{F cfkm\gf] 3/sf] kmf]xf]/ sxfF kmfNg'x'G5 < #= tkfO{Fsf] 3/ glhs}sf] vf]nfsf] gfd s] xf] < Tof] vf]nf] ;kmf ls kmf]xf]/ 5 < $= lrqdf b]vfOP h:t} tkfO{Fsf] ljBfno ;kmf 5 < %= tkfO{F af6fdf lxF8\b} ubf{ kmf]xf]/ sxfF kmfNg'x'G5 <
162 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t -v_ k9f}F / hfgf}F ;kmfOjfnf cª\sn ldng sIff @ df k9\5 . p;sf afaf kmf]xf]/ p7fpg], ;8s a9fg]{ sfd ug'{x'G5 . pxfF l;6\7L ahfpFb} 3/3/ uP/ ToxfFsf kmf]xf]/ p7fpg'x'G5 . dflg;x¿n] ;a} kmf]xf]/ Ps} 7fpFdf /fv]sf x'G5g\ . pxfF To:tf] kmf]xf]/nfO{ s'lxg] / gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/df 5'6\ofpg'x'G5 . kmnkm"n, t/sf/Lsf af]qmf, pa]|sf] vfgf cflb s'lxP/ dn aG5 t/ rfprfp, rSn]6sf vf]n, Knfl:6s s'lxFb}gg\ . pxfF s'lxg] kmf]xf]/af6 dn agfpg'x'G5 / t/sf/ Ldf xfn]/ cuf{lgs t/sf/L a]Rg'x'G5 . pxfF c¿nfO{ klg s'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 3/d} /fv]/ dn agfpg l;sfpg'x'G5 . pxfF af6fdf ePsf kmf]xf]/, w"nf] ;kmf u/]/ ;x/ g} ;kmf agfpg'x'G5 t/ dflg;x¿ pxfFnfO{ kmf]xf]/jfnf eg]/ 6f9f 6f9f efU5g\ . ldngnfO{ klg kmf]xf]/jfnfsf] 5f]/f] eg]/ s;}n] ;fyL agfpFb}gg\ . Ps lbg ldng sIffdf /f]O/x]sf a]nf lzIfsn] b]Vg'eof] . lsg /f]Psf] eg]/ ;f]Wbf p;n] ;a} s'/f ;'gfof] . lzIfsn] sIffdf ;a} ljBfyL{nfO{ xfd|f] jl/kl/ kmf]xf]/ w]/} eof] eg] xfdLnfO{ ljleGg /f]u nfU5, xfdL ;a}n] ldn]/ ;/;kmfO ug'{k5{ eGg'eof] . ldngsf afafn] t xfdLn] u/]sf] kmf]xf]/ ;kmf u/]/ xfdLnfO{ lg/f]uL agfpg'x'G5 . vf;df kmf]xf]/jfnf t xfdL xf}F, pxfF t To:tf] kmf]xf]/ ;kmf ug]{ ;kmfOjfnf xf] eg]/ ;Demfpg'eof] . pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ lg/f]uL agfpg] sfd ug'{x'G5 To;}n] xfdLn] pxfFnfO{ x]Kg' x'Fb}g, pxfFnfO{ t wGojfb eGg'k5{ eg]kl5 ;a} hgf ldngnfO{ ;fyL agfpg tof/ eP . To; lbgb]lv ;a} ljBfyL{ 8:6lagdf dfq kmf]xf]/ kmfNg yfn] . ldngsf afafnfO{ hxfF e]6] klg wGojfb eGg yfn] / cfkm\gf afafcfdfnfO{ klg of] s'/f ;Demfpg yfn] . clxn] pxfFnfO{ sf]xL klg kmf]xf]/jfnf eGb}gg\ . ;a}n] ;kmfOjfnf cª\sn eg]/ af]nfpF5g\ .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 163 cEof; -v_ != xfd|f] jl/kl/ kmf]xf]/ eof] eg] s] x'G5 < sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . @= lrq x]/]/ s'lxg] / gs'lxg] kmf]xf]/ 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ M #= ldNg] zAb /fv]/ vfnL 7fpF eg'{xf];\ M cfb/ 8:6lag dn vf]nfgfnf af6f -c_ ========================df 9n ld;fpg' x'Fb}g . -cf_ s'b\b} u/]sf] uf8Laf6 kmf]xf]/ ======================df kmfNg' x'Fb}g . -O_ kmf]xf]/ ======================df dfq kmfNg'k5{ . -O{_ xfdLn] ;a} dfG5]nfO{ ======================= ug'{k5{ . -p_ s'lxg] kmf]xf]/af6 ====================== agfpg'k5{ . $= lrq;Fu hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M t/sf/L lzIfs ljBfyL{ s'rLsf/
164 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t %= 3/ jl/kl/ kmf]xf]/ eof] eg] s] s] /f]u nfUg ;S5 < sIffdf 5nkmn u/]/ n]Vg'xf];\ M -c_ ================================== -cf_ ========================== -O_ ========================== -O{_ ============================== -u_ cjnf]sg u/f}F != tkfO{Fsf] ljBfnosf] j/k/ 3'Dg'xf];\ . s'g s'g 7fpFdf slt cf]6f 8:6lag 5g\ < n]Vg'xf];\ . 7fpF slt cf]6f < @= tkfO{Fsf] 3/ jl/kl/ ;kmf 5 ls kmf]xf]/ 5 < kmf]xf]/ eP s] s:tf] kmf]xf]/ 5 < To;nfO{ ;kmf agfpg s] ug{ ;lsG5 < sIffdf ;'gfpg'xf];\ . #= 3/ j/k/ ;kmf /fVg s] s] ug'{knf{ < sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . $= tkfO{Fsf] 3/ / ljBfno ;kmf ug{ k|of]u ul/g] j:t'sf gfd n]Vg'xf];\ M -c_ ============================= -cf_ ============================ -O_ ============================ -O{_ ============================= -p_ ============================= -pm_ =============================
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 165 -3_ ;+jfb k9f}F dfgj / sf}zn ag]/ sIffdf kfn}kfnf] ;+jfb k9\g'xf];\ M -Pp6f s]6f la/fdL eP/ n8]sf] lrq . p;sf] 3/ jl/kl/ kmf]xf]/ jftfj/0f b]vfpg]_ -dfgj / sf}zn ljBfnosf] rp/df a;]/ Pscsf{;Fu s'/f ub}{ 5g\ . _ dfgj M ;fy{s ljBfno gcfPsf] klg cfh % lbg eO;Sof] . lsg gcfPsf] xf]nf . ltdLnfO{ s]xL yfxf 5 < sf}zn M lxhf] ToxL a'em\g d p;sf] 3/ uPsf] lyPF . pm t k]6 b'v]/ 56kl6O/x]sf] lyof] . dfgj M xf] / < s] ePsf] /x]5 t < ;fy{ssL cfdfnfO{ ;f]w]gf} < sf}zn M emf8fkvfnf, ?3fvf]sL nfu]sf] /x]5 . h'sf klg k/]sf] 5 eGg'x'GYof] . dfgj M s] eP/ eP5 t p;nfO{ To:tf] < sf}zn M p;sf] 3/ glhs}sf] vf]nf] Psbd kmf]xf]/ 5 . p;sL cfdf ToxL vf]nfsf] kfgLdf efF8f dfem\g'x'G5, n'uf w'g'x'G5 . To;n] sL6f0f' 3/leq cfpF5 . jl/kl/sf] 3/sf] kmf]xf]/ klg ;a} ToxL vf]nf 5]pdf kmfn]sf] lyof] . To;}n] ubf{ pm la/fdL ePsf] xf] . dfgj M xfdLnfO{ cfh sIffdf u'?n] oxL l;sfpg'ePsf] lyof] lg x} . To;/L kmf]xf]/ jftfj/0fdf a:of] eg] t cg]s y/Lsf /f]u nfU5g\ lg . To;af6 aRg t cfkm" a:g] 7fpF jl/kl/ ;kmf /fVg'k5{ . ;kmf kfgL dfq lkpg'k5{ . vfgf vfg'cufl8 / zf}rfnoaf6 lg:s]kl5 /fd|f];Fu ;fa'gkfgLn] xft w'g'k5{ . vf]nf 5]p5fp kmf]xf]/ ug'{ x'Fb}g . To:t} kmf]xf]/ eO/x\of] eg] t x}hf km}lnG5 clg ;fy{s h:t} c¿ klg /f]uL x'G5g\ . sf}zn M xf] lg . To:tf] x'g'cufl8 g} xfdL uP/ ;fy{ssf cfdfa'afnfO{ of] s'/f
166 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t ;Demfcf}F clg rfF8} ;kmf ug{ egf}F . To;kl5 t ;fy{s klg l7s x'G5 . pm km]l/ ljBfno cfpg ;S5 . dfgj M xj;\, cfh ljBfnokl5 ;fy{ssf] 3/ hfcf}F x} t . -b'a} hgf sIff ;lsPkl5 ;fy{ssf] 3/ hfG5g\ / ;a};Fu ldn]/ p;sf] 3/ jl/kl/ ;kmf u5{g\ ._ cEof; -3_ != o;kl5 s] eof] xf]nf, sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . @= la/fdL x'gaf6 aRg s] s] ug'{kg]{ /x]5 < ;fyLnfO{ ;'gfpg'xf];\ . #= ;fy{s h:t} tkfO{F la/fdL x'g'ePsf] 5 < s] eP/ x'g'ePsf] /x]5 / lgsf] x'g s] ug'{ePsf] lyof] < sIffdf ;'gfpg'xf];\ . -ª_ tflnsf e/f}F != cfkm\gf] j/k/ ;kmf /fVg ug{ x'g] / gx'g] sfd n]vL tflnsf eg'{xf];\ M ug{ x'g] sfd ug{ gx'g] sfd @= tkfO{F cfkm\gf] 3/ / ljBfno ;kmf agfpg s] ug'{x'G5 < tnsf] tflnsfdf eg'{xf];\ M 3/ ;kmf agfpg ljBfno ;kmf agfpg
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 167 -r_ t'ngf u/f}F != b'O{ lrqlar s] s] km/s 5g\ < @= klxnf] lrqdf ePsf] 7fpFdf a:bf dflg;nfO{ s:tf] c;/ k5{ < #= klxnf]df b]lvPsf] lrqnfO{ bf];|f] h:tf] agfpg s] ug'{knf{ < $= tkfO{FnfO{ s'g 7fpFdf a:g dg k5{ < -5_ lrq agfcf}F != tkfO{FnfO{ s:tf] 7fpFdf a:g dg k5{ < To; 7fpFsf] lrq agfpg'xf];\ M -h_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ != $ hgf ;fyLsf] ;d"x agfP/ kmf]xf]/ jftfj/0f eof] eg] s] s:tf c;/ k5{g\ / To;af6 aRg s] ug'{knf{ < Kn] sf8{ agfpg'xf];\ . @= Kn] sf8{ lnP/ ljBfnosf] rp/df ;a}nfO{ :jR5 jftfj/0fsf] dxŒj a'emfpg'xf];\ .
168 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t kf7 @ xfd|f] ;Dkbf kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != ;fj{hlgs ;DklQaf/] hfGg @= ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ lrGg #= ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;/;kmfO ug{ $= ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f ug{ != ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] pbfx/0f eGg] 5f}F . @= ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] dxŒj a'em\g] 5f}F . #= ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ tl/sf l;Sg] 5f}F . -s_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F / 5nkmn u/f}F != oL 7fpFsf] gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . @= oL 7fpFsf] sfd s] xf] < #= tkfO{Fsf] 3/ j/k/ o:tf s'g s'g 7fpF 5g\ < -v_ k9f}F / hfgf}F xfdL cfkm\gf] kl/jf/;Fu 3/df a:5f}F . xfd|f] 3/df xfd|f] dfq clwsf/ x'G5 . ToxfF cfP/ c¿ sf]xL dflg; a:b}gg\ t/ af6f], k'n, ljBfno, kfs{, vf]nf, rf}tf/f cflb 7fpF ;a} dflg;n] k|of]u u5{g\ . o:tf 7fpFnfO{ ;fj{hlgs :yn elgG5 . To;df ;a}sf] ;dfg clwsf/ x'G5 . To:t}, dlGb/, dl:hb, u'Daf, rr{, kf}jf cflb ;fj{hlgs ;Dkbf x'g\ . ;a}n] k|of]u ug]{ ePsfn] ;fj{hlgs ;Dkbf tyf :ynnfO{
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 169 ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ jf ;femf ;DklQ elgG5 . jghª\un, hgfj/x¿ klg xfd|f ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ x'g\ . To;}n] xfdLn] o;sf] ;+/If0f ug'{k5{ . ;dfhdf /xg] ;a} dflg;n] o:tf ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / ;'/Iff ug'{k5{ . s;}n] klg o:tf 7fpF kmf]xf]/ ug{' x'Fb}g / ldn]/ ;/;kmfO ug{'k5{ . xfdLn] o;nfO{ s'g} xflggf]S;fgL k'¥ofpg' x'Fb}g / c¿nfO{ klg ug{ lbg' x'Fb}g . of] xfdL ;a}sf] ;femf st{Jo xf] . ;fj{hlgs ;Dkbf xfd|f klxrfg / lrgf/L x'g\ . o;nfO{ xfdLn] arfP/ /fVg'k5{ . cEof; -v_ != lrq;Fu hf]8f ldnfpg'xf];\ M kf6L kf]v/L dlGb/ k':tsfno jg rf}tf/L dl:hb k'n vf]nf kfs{ u'Daf
170 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t @= vfnL 7fpF eg'{xf];\ M klxrfg 3/ ;+/If0f ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ -c_ ;a}n] k|of]u ug]{ ;DklQ ============================================= x'g\ . -cf_ xfd|f] ========================== ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ xf]Og . -O_ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ xfd|f] =============================== xf] . -O{_ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ============================= ug'{k5{ . #= gldNg] zAbdf uf]nf] 3]/f nufpg'xf];\ M -c_ vf]nf kf]v/L s'jf dlGb/ -cf_ jg h/fof] u}F8f ufO{ -O_ ljBfno dlGb/ sn]h u'?s'n -O{_ 3/ k'n kf}jf s'jf -p_ u'Daf dlGb/ rr{ ljBfno -pm_ af6f] k'n b/fh s'jf $= l7s of a]l7s 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ M -c_ af6f] ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ xf] . -cf_ xfdLn] vf]nfdf 9n ld;fpg'k5{ . -O_ dlGb/df hyfefaL km"nkftL kmfNg'k5{ . -O{_ s'rLsf/n] dfq af6f] ;kmf ug'{k5{ . -p_ k':tsfnodf d]/f] clwsf/ 5 . -pm_ ;fj{hlgs :yndf kmf]xf]/ u/] klg km/s kb}{g . -P_ ;fj{hlgs :ynsf] ;+/If0f ;/sf/ dfq}n] ug{'k5{ . -P]_ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ wgL JolStn] dfq} k|of]u ug{ kfpF5g\ .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 171 %= tnsf k|zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -c_ ;fj{hlgs ;Dkbf eg]sf] s] xf] < -cf_ ;fj{hlgs :ynsf kfFr pbfx/0f lbg'xf];\ . -O_ ;fj{hlgs ;Dkbfsf tLg pbfx/0f lbg'xf];\ . -O{_ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] k|of]u s;n] ug{ kfpF5 < -p_ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f s;n] ug{'k5{ < -u_ cjnf]sg u/f}F != tkfO{Fsf] ljBfno glhssf] s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ x]g{ hfg'xf];\ / ToxfF s] s:tf s'/f 5g\ < x]/]/ tflnsfdf eg'{xf];\ M /fd|f s'/f g/fd|f s'/f @= ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ sltsf] kmf]xf]/ 5 < To;nfO{ ;kmf ug{ s] ug'{knf{ < sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . #= tnsf ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f s;/L ug{ ;lsG5, n]Vg'xf];\ M ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ ;+/If0f ug]{ tl/sf Pjd\ pkfo u'Daf ;8s rr{ dlGb/ v]nd}bfg Ogf/
172 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t ljBfno hª\un jGohGt' kfs{ -3_ lrq sf]/f}F s'g} ;fj{hlgs :ynsf] lrq agfpg'xf];\ / /ª eg'{xf];\ . -ª_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ ;fyL / lzIfssf] ;xof]udf cfkm\gf] ljBfno 5]p5fp ePsf] ;fj{hlgs :yn ;/;kmfO ug'{xf];\ / ToxfF cfPsf dflg;nfO{ klg ;/;kmfO ug{ l;sfpg'xf];\ .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 173 kf7 # xfjf, kfgL / df6fsf] pkof]lutf kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != xfjf, df6f] / kfgLsf] pkof]lutfsf af/]df hfGg != xfjf, df6f] / kfgLsf] k|of]u kQf nufpg] 5f}F . -s_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F / 5nkmn u/f}F cEof; -s_ != dfly lbOPsf lrqdf s] s]sf] k|of]u ePsf] 5 < sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . @= lrqdf b]vfOPsf dWo] tkfO{Fn] s] s] sfd ug'{ePsf] 5 < lrqsf] d'lg -l6s_ lrXg nufpg'xf];\ . #= lrq x]/]/ s] ePsf] 5 < To;sf cfwf/df tflnsf eg'{xf];\ M xfjfsf] pkof]lutf kfgLsf] pkof]lutf df6fsf] pkof]lutf
174 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t -v_ sljtf k9f}F df6f], kfgL / xfjf df6f] xfd|f] 3/ xf] kfgL lhGbufgL xfjf, df6f], kfgLnfO{ cd[t eGg] hfgL ;+/If0fdf nfuf}F xfdL hf]ufpgnfO{ geP oL tLg lrh hLjg x'G5 afO{ . w]/} y/L df6f] x'G5 cGg kmnfpg ;]tf], sfnf], /ftf], km';|f] 3/ /ª\ufpg . kfgLdf6f] ldn]kl5 lxnf] aG5 /fd|f] ;dodf wfg /f]k] hLjg rN5 xfd|f] . k|f0f /fVg ;f; km]5f}{+ leqaflx/ u5{ k|f0f p8] dfq klg hLj dg]{ u5{ xfjfaf6 u5f}{+ xfdL w]/} w]/} sfd htftt} kfOG5 klg kb}{g x} bfd . -u_ cEof; u/f}F xfdLnfO{ hGdb]lv d[To';Dd xfjf, kfgL / df6f] rflxG5 . xfd|f] hLjgdf oL j:t'n] dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]N5g\ . ;f; km]g{, lkpg / v]tL ug{ xfdLnfO{ xfjf, kfgL / df6f] rflxG5 . != tkfO{F s] sfd ug{ oL j:t'sf] k|of]u ug'{x'G5 < tflnsfdf eg'{xf];\ M xfjf kfgL df6f]
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 175 @= tn lbOPsf lrqdf xfjf, kfgL / df6f]dWo] s] sf] k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 < n]Vg'xf];\ M ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ ÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒÒ #= l7s of a]l7s 5'6\ofpg'xf];\ M -c_ xfdL df6fdf wfg /f]K5f}F . -cf_ rfdn s]nfpg xfdL kfgL k|of]u u5f}{+ . -O_ a]n'gdf kfgL e¥of] eg] xfjfdf p8\5 . -O{_ cfuf] km'Sg xfjf rflxG5 . -p_ sfu kfgLdf u'F8 agfP/ a:5 .
176 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t -3_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ != df6fdf kfgL xfn]/ To;af6 an, 8fO;, efF8f h:tf ljleGg ;fdfg agfP/ sIffdf b]vfpg'xf];\ . @= sfuhsf] lkm/lkm/] agfP/ xfjfdf p8fpg'xf];\ . #= sfuhsf] 8'ª\uf agfP/ kfgLdf aufpg'xf];\ .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 177 kf7 $ j:t'sf u'0fx¿ kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != kfgLdf 8'Ag] / pqg] j:t' kQf nufpg @= kfgLdf 3'Ng] / g3'Ng] j:t' kQf nufpg #= kf/bz{s / ckf/bz{s j:t' kQf nufpg !=kfgLdf 8'Ag] / pqg] j:t'sf] pbfx/0f eGg] 5f}F . @= kfgLdf 3'Ng] / g3'Ng] j:t'sf] pbfx/0f eGg] 5f}F . #= kf/bz{s / ckf/bz{s j:t'sf] pbfx/0f eGg] 5f}F . -s_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F / 5nkmn u/f}F != kfgLdf 9'ª\uf 8'A5 t/ skf; s] x'G5 < lsg < @= P]gfcufl8 pleFbf / vf]nfdf x]bf{ cfkm\gf] cg'xf/ b]lvG5 t/ leQfdf b]lvFb}g . lsg xf]nf < #= kfgLdf t]n, b'w, lrgL / afn'jf ld;fpFbf s] x'G5 < $= km's]sf] a]n'g xfjfdf p8\5 t/ kfgL e/]sf] rflxF p8\b}g, lsg xf]nf <
178 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t -v_ ;d"xdf sfo{ u/f}F != kfgLdf t]n, ;'Gtnf, lunf;, rDrf, sfF6f, sk, OF6fsf] 6'qmf, l;Ssf, ;fgf] an, u'Rrf, wft'sf] tf/, lrp/f, ;'s]sf] sf7, /ª, ld;|L, ;fa'g, 8f]/L, snd, k]lG;n, l;;f, ?dfn, 6f]kL, lunf;, df6f], rfdnsf bfgf, ds}sf bfgf, ux'Fsf bfgf, :s]n, sfuhsf] 6'qmf, k]lG;n, O/]h/, skf;, kft, b'w, lrgL, afn'jf tyf cGo tkfO{Fn] e]6\g] j:t' ld;fpg'xf];\ . s] s] x'G5, x]/]/ tflnsfdf n]Vg'xf];\ M j:t' lgisif{ skf; kft b'w lrgL afn'jf
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 179 @= o:tf] lsg x'G5 xf]nf < sIffdf 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ . #= tkfO{Fn] / ;fyLn] u/]sfdf s]xL km/s 5 ls 5}g < x]g'{xf];\ . -u_ k9f}F / hfgf}F xfd|f] j/k/ ljleGg lsl;dsf j:t' kfOG5g\ . tL j:t'sf cfˆg} u'0f x'G5g\ . afn'jf, 9'ª\uf, OF6f, l;;f cflb kfgLdf 8'A5g\ eg] ;'s]sf] kft, sf7, 8'ª\uf, skf; cflb pqG5g\ . xfd|f] j/k/ ePsf j:t' s]xL kfgLdf 8'A5g\ t s]xL 8'Ab}gg\ . kfgLdf lrgL / g'g xfNbf x/fpF5g\ t/ 9'ª\uf / afn'jf xfNbf st} x/fpFb}g . To;}u/L kfgLdf b'w xfNbf 3f]lnG5 t/ kfgLdf t]n xfNbf kfgL tn / t]n dfly t}l/G5 . kfgLdf 3'Ng] j:t'nfO{ 3'ngzLn / g3'Ng]nfO{ c3'ngzLn j:t' elgG5 . P]gfcufl8 pleFbf xfdL cfˆgf] cg'xf/ b]V5fF} eg] kvf{ncufl8 pleFbf b]Vb}gf}F . To:t}, ;kmf kfgLdf df5f kf}8]sf] b]V5fF} eg] wldnf] kfgLdf b]Vb}gf}F . s]xL j:t'df 5fof b]lvG5 t s]xLdf b]lvFb}g . j:t'af6 x]bf{ b]lvg]nfO{ kf/bz{s / gb]lvg]nfO{ ckf/bz{s j:t' elgG5 . cEof; -u_ != tkfO{Fsf] 3/df ePsf ;fdfg x]g'{xf];\ / s'g j:t' kfgLdf 3f]lnG5, s'g 3f]lnFb}g, n]Vg'xf];\ M kfgLdf 3f]lnG5 kfgLdf 3f]lnFb}g
180 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t @= tkfO{Fsf] 3/ / j/k/ kfOg] j:t'af6 csf{lt/ x]bf{ j:t' b]lvG5 ls b]lvFb}g, u/]/ x]g{'xf];\ / n]Vg'xf];\ M j:t' b]lvg] -kf/bz{s_ gb]lvg] -ckf/bz{s_ -3_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ @= sfuhn] ljleGg k|sf/sf j:t' agfpg'xf];\ . #= 3/df kmfn]sf af]tn k|of]u u/L s] agfpg ;lsG5 < agfP/ sIffdf b]vfpg'xf];\ .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 181 d]/f] l;h{gf PsfO & d]/f] l;h{gf kf7 ! lrq agfcf}F kf7 @ df6faf6 j:t'x¿ agfcf}F kf7 # uLt ufcf}F kf7 $ gfrf}F
182 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t kf7 ! lrq agfcf}F kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != l;wf, afª\uf tyf 7f8f /]vf sf]g{ @= dg kg]{ j:t'sf] /]vflrq agfpg #= cfk\mgf] ufpF÷6f]nsf] ;fdfGo gS;f sf]g{ / ToxfFsf vf]nf, gbL, kf]v/L, kxf8 cflb b]vfpg $= cfsf/, :j¿k / /ªsf] k'g/fj[lQ u/L ;fdfGo a'6\6f agfpg %= l/lnkm lk|G6 Ans (relief print block) k|of]u u/L ljleGg / ªdf 5kfO ug{ != o; kf7df xfdL l;wf, afª\uf tyf 7f8f /]vf sf]g{] cEof; ug]{ 5f}F . @= dg kg]{ j:t'sf] /]vflrq agfpg] 5f}F . #= cfk\mgf] ufpF÷6f]nsf] ;fdfGo gS;f sf]g{] 5f}F / To;df vf]nf, gbL, kf]v/L, kxf8 cflb b]vfpg] 5f}F . $= cfsf/, :j¿k / /ªsf] k'g/fj[lQ u/L ;fdfGo a'6\6f agfpg] 5f}F . %= l/lnkm lk|G6 Ans (relief print block) k|of]u u/L ljleGg / ªdf 5kfO ug{] 5f}F . -s_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F, 5nkmn u/f}F efOalxgLx¿ † tkfO{Fn] /]vf sf]g'{ePsf] 5 < /]vf s;/L aG5 < /]vf s:tf s:tf x'G5g\ < w]/} laGb' hf]8]/ /]vf aG5 . xfdL sfkLdf jf sf7sf 5]:sfn] e'OFdf /]vf sf]5f}{+ . ;a} /]vf l;wf x'Fb}gg\ . /]vf afª\uf, 58\s], uf9f jf lkmsf x'G5g\ . /]vf ldnfP/ lrq sf]g{ ;lsG5 .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 183 cEof; -s_ != /]vf lrgL gfd n]Vg'xf];\ M /]vfsf] lrq gfd t];f]{ /]vf afª\uf] /]vf 7f8f] /]vf 58\s] /]vf @= tkfO{F+n] s:tf s:tf /]vf sf]g{'ePsf] 5 < #= Pp6f 3/sf] lrq sf]bf{ s:tf s:tf /]vf hf]8\g'k5{ < -v_ u/f}F / l;sf}F Pp6f l;Gsf] jf sf7sf 5]:sfn] afn'jf jf df6fdf l;wf, afª\uf, 58\s], af6'nf cflb cfsf/sf /]vf sf]g'{xf];\ . olb sª\lqm6 u/]sf] 7fpF eP rs jf OF6fsf 6'qmf k|of]u u/L pSt /]vf sf]g'{xf];\ . tL /]vfnfO{ hf]8]/ ljleGg k|sf/sf cfs[lt agfpg'xf];\ .
184 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cEof; -v_ != hf]8f ldnfP/ lrq k"/f ug'{xf];\ M
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 185 @= lrqdf ePsf ljleGg lsl;dsf /]vf 5'6\ofP/ n]Vg'xf];\ M lrq lrqdf ePsf ljleGg k|sf/sf /]vf l;wf / uf]nfsf/ /]vf #= tnsf lrqdf slt k|sf/sf /]vf e]6\g'x'G5, 5'6\ofP/ n]Vg'xf];\ M
186 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t $= /]vfx¿ hf]8L lrq sf]g'{xf];\ M -u_ u/f}F / l;sf}F efOalxgLx¿ † 5fk s;/L aG5 < xfdL klg cfn', r'/f, l;Ssf k};f, Kofh, leG8L tyf la?jfsf kftaf6 ljleGg k|sf/sf 5fk agfpg ;S5f}F . pSt 5fknfO{ /ªdf rf]Kb} sfuhdf 5fk agfpg ;lsG5 . != Pp6f r'/fnfO{ 5fkbfgLdf rf]Kb} sfuhdf 5fk nufpg'xf];\ . pSt 5fknfO{ k]m/L k]m/L sfuhdf 5fk]/ ljleGg cfs[lt agfpg'xf];\ . @= Pp6f af]tnsf] lasf]{ 5fkbfgLdf rf]Kb} sfuhdf 5fk nufpg'xf];\ . pSt 5fknfO{ k]m/L k]m/L sfuhdf 5fk]/ ljleGg cfs[lt agfpg'xf];\ .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 187 #= e]6\gf];lxtsf] Pp6f lkknsf] kft lng'xf];\ . kftsf] e]6\gf] ;dft]/ 5fkbfgLdf rf]Kb} sfuhdf 5fk nufpg'xf];\ . $= Pp6f Kofh lng'xf];\ . pSt KofhnfO{ laraf6 sf6\g'xf];\ . sf6]sf] Kofhsf] efunfO{ 5fkbfgLdf rf]Kb} sfuhdf 5fk nufpg'xf];\ . %= tkfO{F cfkm\gf] xTs]nfnfO{ /ª ePsf] 5fkbfgLdf rf]Kb} sfuhdf 5fk nufpg'xf];\ . ^= Pp6f leG8L lng'xf];\ . pSt leG8LnfO{ laraf6 sf6\g'xf];\ . sf6]sf] leG8LnfO{ 5fkbfgLdf rf]Kb} sfuhdf 5fk nufpg'xf];\ .
188 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cEof; -u_ != cfn', Kofh, ufFh/, leG8L, e]8]v';f{gL, af]tnsf] lasf]{, r'/f / la?jfsf kftaf6 5fk]/ ljleGg cfsf/ agfpg'xf];\ . @= ljleGg /ª k|of]u u/L cfk"mnfO{ dg kg]{ a'6\6f agfpg'xf];\ . -3_ l/lnkm lk|G6 u/f}F / l;sf}F d'nf, ufFh/, cfn' sf6]/ To;df ljleGg k|sf/sf a'6\6f agfpg'xf];\ . pSt a'6\6fnfO{ 5fkbfgLdf rf]Kb} sfuhdf 5fKg'xf];\ M -ª_ d}gn] cfs[lt agfcf}F Pp6f d}gsf] 6'qmf Nofpg'xf];\ . pSt d}gsf] 6'qmfnfO{ kmn]s jf sfuhdfly / fv]/ s'g} cfs[lt agfpg'xf];\ . h:t}M r/f], 5ftf, afs;, dflg;, 3/, hgfj/ cflb . pSt lrqdfly tkfO{Fn] rfx]sf] /ª kf]Tg'xf];\ . o;/L d}gafx]ssf 7fpFdf /ª nfU5 / d}gn] agfOPsf] cfs[lt k|:6 b]lvG5 .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 189 -r_ t]n jf d}g k|of]u u/]/ lrq agfcf}F ;]tf] sfuhdf d6\6Lt]n, t]n of d}g bn]/ s'g} lrqdfly /fVg'xf];\ . tkfO{F+ lrq b]Vg'x'g] 5 . To;dfly k]lG;nn] /]vf sf]g{'xf];\ . ca ;'s]kl5 /ª eg{'xf];\ . tkfO{F p:t} lrq kfpg'x'g] 5 . -5_ cjnf]sg u/f}F / l;sf}F tkfO{F+sf] ufpF÷6f]nsf] gS;f cjnf]sg u/]/ o;sf cfwf/df lgDg hfgsf/L kQf nufpg'xf];\ M -c_ gS;fsf] k"j{, klZrd, pQ/ / blIf0f lbzfdf s] s] b]vfOPsf] 5 < -cf_ tkfO{F+sf] ljBfno / 3/ s'g lbzfdf k5{g\ < -O_ tkfO{F+sf] ufpFdf af6f], jg, vf]nf, k'n, kf]v/L cflb /x] jf g/x]sf] af/] gS;f x]/L kQf nufpg'xf];\ . dlGb/ ljBfno d]/f] 3/ Ogf/ uf]7 ;fyLsf] 3/ pQ/
190 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cEof; -3_ ;f]wvf]h u/L tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M -c_ tkfO{F+sf] 3/af6 ljBfno s'g lbzfdf k5{ < -cf_ tkfO{F+sf] 3/af6 dfdf3/ s'g lbzfdf k5{ < -O_ tkfO{F cfkm\gf] 3/af6 ljBfno hfFbf af6fdf s'g s'g :yfg k5{g\ < -O{_ tkfO{F+sf] 3/af6 tkfO{Fsf] ldNg] ;fyLsf] 3/ s'g lbzfdf k5{ < -h_ kl/of]hgf sfo{ u/f}F / l;sf}F lzIfs;Fu} tkfO{Fsf] ;fyLsf] ufpF e|d0f ug'{xf];\ . pSt ufpFsf jg, vf]nfgfnf, d'Vo af6f], ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ, kf]v/L, tfntn}of cflb cjnf]sg ug'{xf];\ . ca ;a} lrhnfO{ gS;fdf b]vfpg'xf];\ .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 191 kf7 @ df6faf6 j:t'x¿ agfcf}F kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != df6fsf ljleGg ;fdu|L agfpg != o; kf7df xfdL df6fsf ljleGg ;fdu|L agfpg] 5f}F . -s_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F / 5nkmn u/f}F cEof; -s_ != dflysf lrqdf df6f];DaGwL s] s] sfo{ ul/Fb} 5 < @= s] tkfO{F+n] klg lunf] df6f] agfpg'ePsf] 5 < #= lunf] df6faf6 s:tf] s:tf] cfsf/ agfpg ;lsG5 < $= tkfO{Fsf] 3/df s] s:tf df6fsf j:t' 5g\, ;"rL agfO{ ;fyLnfO{ atfpg'xf];\ .
192 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t -v_ u/f}F / l;sf}F tkfO{F+sf] 3/ j/k/af6 lrD6fOnf] df6f] Nofpg'xf];\ . pSt df6f] kfgLdf d'5]/ lunf] 8Nnf] agfpg'xf];\ . pSt df6f] lyr]/, tGsfP/, hf]8]/, lrdf]6]/ ljleGg k|sf/sf df6fsf cfs[lt agfpg'xf];\ . cfk"mn] agfPsf cfs[lt 5fof k/]sf :yfgdf /fv]/ ;'sfpg'xf];\ . -u_ df6faf6 /ª\uLg cfs[lt agfcf}F M df6faf6 ag]sf ljleGg k|sf/sf cfs[ltnfO{ ;'sfpg'xf];\ . ;'s]sf cfs[ltdf cfkm"nfO{ dg kg]{ /ª nufpg'xf];\ .
kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ 193 df6f] jf lk7f]nfO{ /ª\uLg agfP/ d'5\g'xf];\ . pSt /ª\uLg df6f] jf lk7f]af6 ljleGg cfs[lt agfpg'xf];\ .
194 cf]Pl;; xfd|f] ;]/f]k]m/f] sIff–@ kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|af6 :jLs[t kf7 # uLt ufcf}F kf7ut p2]Zo o; kf7df xfdL lgDg lqmofsnfkx¿ ug]{ 5f}F o; kf7sf] cWoogkZrft\ ljBfyL{x¿n] lgDglnlvt p2]Zo xfl;n ug{] 5g\ M != /fli6«o ufg, sIffut uLt, kf7\ok':tsdf ePsf afnuLt, cfk"mn] hfg]sf :yfgLo uLt no ldnfO{ ufpg @= nodf tfnL ahfpg != o; kf7df xfdL /fli6«o ufg, sIffut uLt, kf7\ok':tsdf ePsf afnuLt, cfk"mn] hfg]sf :yfgLo uLt no ldnfO{ ufpg] 5f}F . @= nodf tfnL ahfpg] cEof; ug]{ 5f}F . -v_ x]/f}F, lrgf}F / 5nkmn u/f}F cEof; -s_ != lrqdf b]vfOPsf lqmofsnfkdf s] eO/x]sf 5g\ < j0f{g ug'{xf];\ . @= lrqdf b]vfP h:t} tkfO{F +klg uLtsf ;fydf s] tfn ldnfP/ tfnL ahfpg ;Sg'x'G5 < #= s] tkfO{Fn] afhfsf] tfndf uLt ufpg'ePsf] 5 < $= tkfO{F+n] s] s:tf afhf b]Vg'ePsf] 5, gfd n]Vg'xf];\ . %= tkfO{F+n] :yfgLo ;fdu|Laf6 s'g} afhf agfpg'ePsf] 5 <