Applied Grammar 3

Book

3

Author
Narayan Karki

Editor
Sedunath Dhakal

Tel : +977-1-4313205
Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 1

Bo3ok

Publisher:

Oasis Publication Pvt. Ltd.

Anamnagar, Kathmandu

Copyright : Publisher

First Edition : 2066
Second Edition : 2067
Third Edition : 2073
Re-print : 2075, 2076
Fourth Edition : 2078 (Thoroughly revised)

Layout:

Oasis Desktop Group

Printed in Nepal

2 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Foreword

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition is a series of Graded
English Grammar Books (I-X) for school students. Although
some people think that grammar teaching and learning is rigid
as well as tasteless, I hope this newly written grammar series will
really quench the deep thirst of learners. During the course of 20
years of my experience in the field of English language teaching,
I have faced practical and actual difficulties because of the lack
of availability of proper teaching learning materials for school
children. This updated series has been designed to inculcate
the real and practicable skills for the young users of English.
‘Learning by doing’ is very effective to get the knowledge
and skill in English. All lessons included in each book of the
series have varieties of interesting, enjoyable, stimulating and
useful illustrations. Selected and situational pictures have been
included for balancing conceptual base. This series is useful to
both students as well as teachers. Inductive method is applied
to prepare each unit which makes the learning easier for not
only the fast tyros but also for slow learners.

I thank Mrs. Laxmi Karki who encouraged me to address the
real demand of the students throughout Nepal. I would like
to thank Oasis Publication Pvt. Ltd. for publishing this series.
I cannot stay without thanking Oasis Desktop Group and Mr.
Ramesh Bhattrai for the computer typing and setting.

Finally, I am grateful to all the personalities who helped to
prepare and publish this new series.

Constructive comments, suggestions and feedback are always
welcome for further development of the series in its upcoming
edition.

Author

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 3

Contents

1. Words and Sentences ............................................................. 5
2. Subject and Predicate ............................................................ 10
3. Parts of Speech........................................................................ 15
4. Sentence: Positive and Negative........................................... 18
5. Sentence and Its Types .......................................................... 27
6. Articles .................................................................................... 35
TEST PAPER – I ............................................................................. 41
7. Noun and Its Types ............................................................... 44
8. Noun Number (Singular/Plural) ......................................... 53
9. Pronoun and Its Types .......................................................... 62
10. Verbs: Uses and Types ........................................................... 73
11. Helping Verbs ......................................................................... 79
12. Verb: Transitive and Intransitive ......................................... 84
13. Adjectives and Their Types .................................................. 89
TEST PAPER – II ............................................................................ 100
14. Adverb and Its Types............................................................. 103
15. Conjunctions ........................................................................... 110
16. Prepositions ............................................................................ 115
17. Interjections ............................................................................ 123
18. Tense: Simple .......................................................................... 127
19. Tense : Continuous ................................................................ 140
20. Case and Its Kinds ................................................................ 144
21. Punctuation ............................................................................ 148
22. Reading Comprehension....................................................... 152
23. Composition Writing.............................................................. 158
TEST PAPER – III .......................................................................... 174

4 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Lesson

1 Words and Sentences

Before you begin

Read the clues and put suitable words. All are in our houses.
The place where we cook
.....................................................................

The place where we sleep
.....................................................................

The place where we eat
.....................................................................

The place where we study
.....................................................................

The place where we sit and talk
.....................................................................

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 5

Did you put suitable words for different places? Now make sentences
with each of them.

Words Sentences

Read and learn. Correct sentences

Incorrect sentences My name is Subodh.
I read in Class Three.
My name Subodh is. I am first in class.
I class Three in read. I like Applied Grammar and
I in class first am. Composition much.
I Applied Grammar and
Composition much like

6 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

For Your Memory

• Aword is a group of letters arranged in the correct order. Jumbled letters
without meaning cann't make a word. A word must have a meaning.

e.g. M, a, t = Mat
• A word must have one or more than one letters.
e.g. I, we, cow, hand, spider, beautiful, etc.
• Most of the words have at least one vowel.
e.g. cat, pen, sing, cow, jug, etc.
• Some words have no vowel letters. But pronounciation is vowel.
e.g. ply, fly, fry, cry, why, etc.
• Jumbled words without proper meaning can't make a sentence.
e.g. I rice eat.
• A sentence must have meaning.
e.g. She is dancing beautifully.
• The words in a sentence must be arranged correctly.
• A sentence always begins with a capital letter.
e.g. You are my loving friend.
• A sentence ends with a full stop (.), question mark (?) or

exclamation mark (!)
e.g. I am here.
Alas! He fell down from the tree.
What happened there?

Exercise-1 Class Activity

1. Find the number of words in the following sentences.
a. Education serves as light for man. ...............S..i..x................................ .

b. She is singing. ........................................................ .

c. They are dancing. ........................................................ .

d. I would like to speak. ........................................................ .

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 7

e. The monkey is on the tree. ........................................................ .
f. Pokhara is a beautiful city. ........................................................ .

2. Cross the group of letters which is not a word.

a. umbrella soil rain nypelee

b. epokl cable window radio

c. rubber nestik watch ring

d. sky market bird pimst

e. donkey tiger kromto biscuit

3. Match the parts of sentences of column 'A' with the remaining
parts of 'B' and write meaningful sentences in the space given
below.

A B

a. These are of milk. ..................................
b. Suresh
my books. T...h..e..s..e...a..r.e...m....y...b..o..o...k..s.

c. Dogs bark at night. ..................................

d. Neeru their lesson. ..................................

e. Stars shine in the sky. ..................................

f. The students learn on the tree. ..................................

g. My sister is writes a letter. ..................................

h. Birds are sitting is a small girl. ..................................

i. The glass is full playing a match. ..................................

j. They are playing with her doll ..................................

8 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Exercise-2 Homework

1. Arrange the words correctly to make meaningful sentences.
Begin the sentence with a capital letter.

a. my / you / are / friend
.................................................................................................. .
b. can / pictures / she / draw / beautiful
.................................................................................................. .
c. come / you / when / will / ?
.................................................................................................. .
d. car / has / Rabina / a / red
.................................................................................................. .
e. my / where / is / umbrella?
.................................................................................................. .
f. the / story / did / tell / you?
.................................................................................................. .
g. him / yesterday / met / she.
.................................................................................................. .
h. a / song / girl / the / beautiful / sang.
.................................................................................................. .
i. have / this / read / book / you?
.................................................................................................. .
j. she / read / a / letter / has.
.................................................................................................. .

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 9

Lesson

2 Subject and Predicate

Before you begin

Read and learn.

Subject Verb Predicate
can speak Object
I father teaches
My play English
We eats Maths.
The cow opened football.
I bought grass.
She the door.
some sugar.

Look, read and learn.

• An aeroplane flies in the sky.
• The sun sets in the west.
• Dr. Ram Baran Yadav is the first President of Nepal.
The above sentences have two parts: the subject and the predicate.

Subject Predicate
an aeroplane flies in the sky.

The sun sets in the west.

Dr. Ram Baran Yadav is the first president of Nepal.

In the above table, the words in the first column are subjects because they are
denoting the person or thing. The words in the second column are predicate
because they say something about the subjects.

10 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Read the conversation.

What is called a subject? The noun or pronoun
which is used before
What do you mean by an a verb in a sentence is
object? known as a subject.

Please give the definition The noun or pronoun
of a sentences. which is used after a verb
in a sentence is known as
Can you tell me the parts
of a sentence? an object.

Please give the examples A combination of words
of subject and predicate. that gives a complete
sense is known as a
sentence.

They are subject and
predicate.

Gita is dancing
subject predicate

Here 'Gita' is subject and is
dancing is predicate.

Listen and speak

Sound /d /
dog, down, dice, den, doll, desk, donkey, dam, drink, diet

Sound /tf/

chain, cheese, chess, chest, chance, chalk, China, change

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 11

Exercise-1 Class Activity

1. Match the subjects and predicates.

Subjects Predicates
a. My uncle's friend, Binod tells us the time.
b. Ramu is dancing very well.
c. Roshan cannot see in the daylight.
d. Usha are buzzing now.
e. Flies had come.
f. The sun is talking to her.
g. The clock rises in the east.
h. Owls is singing a song.

2. Match the following subjects and predicates.

Subjects Predicates

a. Stars kill the mice.

b. Birds are twinkling in the sky.

c. Cats teaches us.

d. Kathmandu are flying in the sky.

e. The teacher is the capital of Nepal.

f. An aeroplane flies very fast

g. Bhanubhakta was great poet

h. Our success has fan-like ears.

i. Smoking is injurious to health.

j An elephant depends on our labour.

k. Nepal arrested the thief.

l. The police is a beautiful country.

12 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Exercise-2 Homework

1. Divide the following sentences into subject and predicate and
write them in separate columns.

Subject Predicate

a. The sun is hot. …………… ……………

b. The grass is green. …………… ……………

c. I like to drink milk. …………… ……………

d. Ramu is a dancer. …………… ……………

e. The beggar was hungry. …………… ……………

f. We play cricket. …………… ……………

g. The leaves are dry. …………… ……………

h. The bird is wounded. …………… ……………

i. The table is broken. …………… ……………

j. Green vegetable gives strength. …..…..…… …….....……

2. Add the predicates to complete the following sentences.

a. Many people …………………………………………..

b. Our school …………………………………………..

c. The gardener …………………………………………..

d. Our national animal ……....…………....……………………..

e. The sun …………………………………………..

f. The boys …………………………………………..

g. The girls …………………………………………..

h. The moon …………………………………………..

i. Farmers …………………………………………..

j. My teachers …………………………………………..

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 13

Exercise-3 Class Activity

1. Add the suitable subjects to the following predicates:
a. ………………… taught us grammar.
b. ………………… has two long tusks.
c. ………………… is a useful metal.

d. ………………… gives us wool.
e. ………………… collect honey.
f. ………………… cuts hair.
g. ………………… is our national festival.
h. ………………… look at the boy.
i. ………………… is raining heavily today.
j. ………………… have got good marks.
k. ………………… is my loving sister.
l. ………………… reads in our school.
m. ………………… is a faithful animal.
n. ………………… are well today.
o. ………………… sits on the tree.

2. Answer the following questions.
a. What is a subject? Give an example.
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
b. Do you know about predicate? Give an example.
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................

14 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Lesson Parts of Speech

3

Before you begin

Read the text below.
My name is Lalita. He is my son, Krish.
He is very intelligent and lovable. We
live at Shukra Path in Butwal. Krish
spends most of his time playing the
madal. He sometimes goes to musical
concerts with me. He watches musical
programmes on television.

He also plays the guitar. He has won several prizes in singing and
dancing. He wants to be a musician.

Now, think and introduce parts of speech among your friends.

Read and learn.

We use different types of words in sentences. Those different types of words

are called parts of speech. The parts of speech are divided into eight groups.

They are:

Pronoun:

Noun: Adjective:

Interjection: Parts of Verb:
Conjunction: Speech Adverb:

Preposition:

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 15

1. Noun: Noun is a naming word (name of a person, thing or
place)
Example: ‘Ram, Hari, Sita, Punam, Saroj, Subash, Doll, Kite, Pen,
Book, Window, Bird, Flower, Nepal, India, China, Pokhara,
Chapur, Lumbini’ etc.

2. Pronoun: Pronoun is a word used in place of a noun.
Example: ‘they, he, she, him, her’ etc.

3. Verb: Verb is a doing or action word.
Example: ‘play, sing, go, cut, dance, write, read’ etc.

4. Adjective: Adjective is a describing word. It describes a noun
or a pronoun.
Example: ‘white, big, fat, tall, black’ etc.

5. Adverb: Adverb is a word that modifies a verb and tells how
an action is done.
Example: ‘fast, slowly, suddenly’ etc.

6. Preposition: Preposition is a word which relates nouns or
pronouns.
Example: in, on at after, before, from with by, to, for, etc.

7. Conjunction: Conjunction is a word which joins words, clauses
or sentences.

Example: ‘and, because, but, so, though, although’ etc.
8. Interjection: Interjection is a word which shows sudden

emotions and feelings.
Example: Ouch!, Oh!, Hello!, Ah!, Alas!, Wow!, Hurrah!, etc.

16 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Exercise-1 Class Activity

1. Read the given story and write the parts of speech of the
highlighted words from the story.
The Foolish Boy

Once upon a time there was a carpenter in a village. He had a

foolish son named Vivek. One day the carpenter was at work. He

was working actively. A fly came and sat on his head. He said to

Vivek, "There is a fly on my head. Drive it way." The song got up

quickly and picked up an axe. Foolishly he struck it on his father's

head. The fly few away. But his father died. The boy wept bitterly
and he said, "Alas! My father is dead.".

Noun ...............................................................................

Pronoun ...............................................................................

Adjective ...............................................................................

Verb ...............................................................................

Adverb ...............................................................................

Preposition ...............................................................................

Conjunction ...............................................................................

Interjection ...............................................................................

2. Write four examples for each of the following parts of speech.
a. Noun ...................... ...................... .................... ...................
b. Pronoun ...................... ...................... .................... ...................
c. Adjective ...................... ...................... .................... ...................
d. Verb ...................... ...................... .................... ...................
e. Adverb ...................... ...................... .................... ...................
f. Preposition ...................... ...................... .................... ...................
g. Conjunction ...................... ...................... .................... ...................
h. Interjection ...................... ...................... .................... ...................

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 17

Lesson Sentence: Positive
and Negative
4

Before you begin

Answer the following:

1. Can you cross the Sunkoshi river? No, I can’t

2. Can you climb the Mt. Everest? .........................

3. Can you play football? .........................

4. Can you dance? .........................

5. Can you speak Chinese? .........................

6. Are you a student of Class Three? .........................

7. Do you help your friend? .........................

Read and learn. Negative Sentences

Positive Sentences

I am happy. I am not happy.
You are honest. You are not honest.
We are lazy. We are not lazy.
He is handsome. He is not handsome.
She is beautiful. She is not beautiful.
It was fine. It was not fine.
They were present. They were not present.
Ram is a player. Ram is not a player.
Indira is kind. Indira is not kind.
They are good singers. They are not good singers.

18 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

For Your Memory
• The sentence having 'not' are called negative sentences. 'Not'

comes after the auxiliary verb.
• Positive structure: Sub + is / am / was / were + ...
• Negative structure: Sub + is / am / are / was / were + not...

Look, read and learn.

I read this book. I do not read this book.
They come here. They do not come here.
We play football. We do not play football.

• Positive structure: Sub + V1 + obj.
• Negative structure: Sub + do not + V1 + obj.

Radha sings songs. Radha does not sing songs.
Nitu reads well. Nitu does not read well.
Ram plays football. Ram does not play football.

• Positive structure: Sub + V5 + obj.
• Negative structure: Sub + does not + V1 + obj.

They made dolls. They did not make dolls.

Sabin played Sabin did not play
volleyball. volleyball.

• Positive structure: Sub + V2 + obj.
• Negative structure: Sub + did not + V1 + obj.

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 19

I am playing chess. I am not playing chess.
He is saying a titbit. He is not saying a titbit.
You are talking with me. You are not talking with me.
They were laughing at us. They were not laughing at us.
She was signing a song. She was not signing a song.

• Positive structure: Sub + is/am/are/was/were + V4 + obj.
• Negative structure: Sub + is/am/are/was/were+not + V4 + obj.

I have a book. I have no book.
She has a watch. She has no watch.
Nitu had a dog. Nitu had no dog.

• Positive structure: Sub + have / has / had + noun
• Negative structure: Sub + have / has / had + no + noun

I shall read. I shall not read.
You may go. You may not go.
She can write. She can not write.
They will play. They will not play.

• Positive structure: Sub + shall / will / can / may + V1
• Negative structure: Sub + shall / will / can / may + not + V1

Go there. Don't go there.
Come here. Don't come here.
Stand up. Don't stand up.

Note: The sentences above both side are imperatives.
• Positive structure : V1 + obj.
• Negative structure: Don't + V1 + Obj.

20 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Exercise-1 Class Activity

1. Change the following sentences into negative.
a. I am poor. ……………….....………………….....……....................
b. We are rich. ……………….....……………….....…….......….........
c. He is a teacher. ……………….....…………….....…...……….........
d. They were absent. ……………….....………….....…………….......
e. This book is yours. ……………….....……….....………………......
f. She was a nurse. ……………….....………….....…………….........
g. The water is clean. ……………….....…….....…………………......
h. You are a beggar. ……………….....………….....…………….........

2. Change the following sentences into negative.
a. I shall do my duty. …….............………….....…….………............
b. We shall work hard. ………............……….....………...…….........
c. They can wait for us. ……………..........….....…………...…..........
d. Boys will work daily. ……………….....…............……….….........
e. You may come here. ……………….....…………..............….........
f. You will write a letter. ……….....…...……….................................

3. Change the following sentences into negative.
a. I see a tiger. ………………...........................……........……….........
b. They look like players. ……………….....….........…………..........
c. I love you. ……………….....………................................…….........
d. She ate banana. ……………….....…………......................…..........
e. We know them. ……………….....……………...............................
f. You like him. ……………….....……………....................................
g. She looked happy. ……………….....……………...........................
h. He helped me. ……………….....…………….................................

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 21

Exercise-2 Homework

1. Change these sentences into negative.
a. I have money. ……………………………………………………….
b. Hehasaradio.……………………………………………………….
c. She has a dog. ……………………………………………………….
d. You have lunch. …………………………………………………….
e. He had a horse. ………………………………………………….
f. I have a note book. ………………………………………………….
g. She has a T.V. set. ………………………………………………….
h. You had a camera. ………………………………………………….
i. They have balls. ………………………………………...………….
j. I have a car. ……………………………………..............………….

2. Change the following sentences into negative.
a. Look forward. ………………………………....................……….
b. Sing a song. …………………………...………….....................….
c. Buy a book. ……………………..………………......................….
d. Sit on a bench. ………………………………..................….…….
e. Go in front. ……………………………………........................….
f. Leave me alone. ………………………………................……….
g. Please, help me. ………………………………................……….
h. Sing a song, Jeevan. ………………………………....…….......….
i. Please, count them. ………………………………….............…….
j. Go out, Ranju. ………………………………………......................

22 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

3. Fill in the blanks with should or should not.

should should not

a. You ........................ smoke cigarette.

b. We ........................ help our friends.

c. I ........................ do my homework.

d. We ........................ go to school late.

e. Everybody ........................ get up early.

f. We ........................ respect our elders.

g. They ........................ kill the wild animals.

h. He ........................ steal money.

i. Every one .................... wash hands before eating.
j. The students .................. make a noise in the class.

4. Give order to them from the order bank.
a. You are a student. ............................................................

b. You are a driver. ............................................................

c. You are a nurse. ............................................................

d. You are in the classroom. ............................................................

e. You are in hospital. ............................................................

f. You are on a bus. ............................................................

Order bank: Consult the doctor.
Don’t miss your class. Do your classwork.
Don’t drive fast. Don’t jump from a moving bus.
Take care of patients.

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 23

5. Make sensible sentences.

work hard.

drink a lot of water.

You should play cards.

shouldn't clean your house.

be dirty.

eat much sugar.

6. Change into negative.

Example:

Positive Negative

I went to the zoo. I did not go to the zoo.

I stayed at home. I did not stay at home.

a. He visited his aunt last week.
...................................................................................................
b. I watched a film yesterday.
...................................................................................................
c. We went to Pokhara last week.
...................................................................................................
d. She liked yesterday’s soup.
...................................................................................................
e. The boys helped each other.
...................................................................................................
f. The girls did their homework yesterday.
...................................................................................................

24 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Exercise-3 Class Activity

1. Change the following sentences into negative.
a. Anjan is my uncle’s son.
………………………………….......…………………................….
b. Open the locked door.
………………………………….......…………………................….

c. Our Prime Minister has visited China.
………………………………….......…………………................….

c. Our Prime Minister has visited China.
………………………………….......…………………................….

d. Nepal was a peaceful country.
………………………………….......…………………................….

e. Refugees are going abroad from Nepal.
………………………………….......…………………................….

f. Tell your teacher about it.
………………………………….......…………………................….

g. He quenched his thirst.
………………………………….......…………………................….

h. Our President is a respected personality.
………………………………….......…………………................….

i. Sakriya Thapa attracts people by dancing.
………………………………….......…………………................….

k. Diwan hurried to meet her.
………………………………….......…………………................….

l. It is going to rain soon.
………………………………….......…………………................….

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 25

2. Change the positive sentences into negative and negative
into positive.
a. Binod has eaten four eggs.
……………………………………………………………………….
b. Ambika and Bimala have won the match.
……………………………………………………………………….
c. Birbahadur had planted the paddy.
……………………………………………………………………….
d. Chandrakala has turned back.
……………………………………………………………………….
e. Nitu and Usha have employed Ramesh.
……………………………………………………………………….
f. Kali had made a beautiful picture.
……………………………………………………………………….
g. Farmers have cultivated mushroom.
……………………………………………………………………….
h. The army had won the war.
……………………………………………………………………….
i. Suman had got the prize.
……………………………………………………………………….
j. UNO has solved the conflict.
……………………………………………………………………….

26 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Lesson

5 Sentence and Its types

Before you begin My name is Rabin
I am eight years old.
Read the conversation. I live in Patan.
Yes, I am from village.
What is your name? Yes, I want to visit.
How old are you?
Where do you live, now? I arrived at 5:30. P.M.
Are you from a village?
Do you want to visit your I am not feeling well.
village? I want some medicines.
When did you arrive
home from school?
Why are you so sad?
What do you want
from me?

Now, write any five statements and questions from the above conversations.

Statements Questions

..................................................... .....................................................

..................................................... .....................................................

..................................................... .....................................................

..................................................... .....................................................

..................................................... .....................................................

Read the following suggestions.

You are a student. Study well.

You are in the classroom. Don’t make a noise.

You are a patient. Don’t forget to take your medicine.

Now, go in front of the class and make any two suggestions or requests.

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 27

Types of sentence Types of sentence
Statement
Look, read and learn. Imperative
Interrogative
There are mainly four Exclamatory
types of sentences.
They are:

Statement, Imperative,
Interrogative and
Exclamatory.

1. Statement

The sentence which says or states something is a statement. There is
a full stop (.) at the end of a statement.

‘Statement’ is also called an Assertive Sentence. Statement begins
with a subject and ends with object or complement.

Examples: • I am singing a song. (s + v + o)

• He has opened the door. (s + v + o)
• They are beautiful (s + v + c)

2. Imperative Sentence

The sentence that expresses order, suggestion, request, etc. is called
an imperative sentence. It begins with a main verb.

Examples: • Go out

• Be quiet.

• Follow me.

• Please help me.

28 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

3. Interrogative Sentence

It is a question sentence. The sentence that asks something is called
a question. It begins with helping verb or auxiliary verbs (Yes/No
question) or Wh (Wh question) words and ends with a question
mark(?).

Read the following examples:

Statements Questions

Suman is a wise man. Is Suman a wise man?
They are rich. Are they rich?
The bus will arrive. Will the bus arrive?
He can speak English Can he speak English?

You eat meat. Do you eat meat?
Cows eat grass. Do cows eat grass?
Girls play the ball. Do girls play the ball?

She cooks food. Does she cook food?
He helps me. Does he help me?
Rita handles the bike. Does Rita handle the bike?

He ate rice. Did he eat rice?
She wrote a letter. Did she write a letter?
They quarrelled. Did they quarrel?

She is cooking rice. What is she cooking?
Rita has gone there. Where has Rita gone?

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 29

Conversation practice

What do you mean The sentence that asks
by interrogative a question is known as
sentence, Miss? interrogative sentence, Bivu.

It has two types. They are:

1. Yes / No question

2. Wh question

4. Exclamatory Sentence:
Exclamatory sentence is an expression of sudden emotion or feeling

of a person.
Examples: • Alas! My brother is injured.
• Hurrah! I got the prize.
• Ah! How slim she is.

Exercise-1 Class Activity

1. Write whether these sentences are statement, question or
imperative.

a. We are eating apples. ..................................................

b. He is using my pen. ..................................................

c. She is driving a car. ..................................................

d. Where is the bank? ..................................................

e. Do not kill butterflies. ..................................................

f. Be silent in class. ..................................................

g. Is this your pencil? ..................................................

30 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

2. Change the following statements into questions.
a. We should abolish bad customs. ...........................................
b. I am late today. ...........................................
c. We have finished our work. ...........................................
d. I shall learn it quickly. ...........................................
e. An ass can carry a heavy load. ...........................................
f. They are ready to play. ...........................................
g. The earth goes round the sun. ...........................................

3. Change the following questions into statements.
a. Are the stars very big? ............................................
b. Do cows differ from buffaloes? ............................................
c. Does he speak Newari? ............................................
d. Does Asha do it well? ............................................
e. Does this man repair bicycles? ............................................
f. Should we talk here? ............................................
g. Is his mother at home? ............................................

4. Give two examples each of the following sentence types.
a. Statement ................................... ...................................
b. Imperative ................................... ...................................
c. Interrogative ................................... ...................................
d. Exclamatory ................................... ...................................

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 31

Exercise-2 Homework

1. Give true answers. ..Y..e..s.,..I...c.a..n...i.r..o..n...m...y...c..l.o.t..h..e.s....
a. Can you iron your clothes? N..o..,..I..c..a.n...n..o..t..l.i.f.t...a..h..e..a..v..y...l.o..a.d. .

b. Can you lift a heavy load?

c. Can you switch on the fan? ............................................

d. Can you cook meat? ............................................

e. Can you ride a bike? ............................................

f. Can you play marbles? ............................................

g. Can you type on laptop? ............................................

h. Can you draw a picture? ............................................

i. Can you speak Chinese? ............................................

j. Can you go to the temple? ............................................

k. Can you tell a story? ............................................

l. Can you write a poem? ............................................

2. Change into yes/no question. Yes/No question
Statement ...D...o..e..s..s..h..e..w...o..r..k..a..t..s..c..h..o.o..l.?.....

a. She works at school.

b. You work at hospital. ..............................................

c. They play volleyball. ..............................................

d. He comes late. ..............................................
e. Kabita lives in Gorkha. ..............................................
f. The dogs eat meat. ..............................................
g. She goes to school. ..............................................
h. Your sister comes here. ..............................................
i. You get up early. ..............................................
j. It gives milk. ..............................................

32 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

3. Identify the imperative sentences and write them in the space
given.

a. Arjun is reading a book. ...........................................

b. Read your book. ...........................................

c. She does not love me. ...........................................

d. Help your friends. ...........................................

e. Don’t steal other’s things. ...........................................

f. Who is the thief? ...........................................

g. Do they obey her? ...........................................

h. Did she find her lost pen? ...........................................

i. Find her lost pen. ...........................................

j. Please, give me some change. ...........................................

k. Would you please help me? ...........................................

l. Could you please lend me your umbrella? ...........................................

m. Do or die. ...........................................

n. Please, pass these things to him. ...........................................

o. Astha invited me. ...........................................

p. Reena calls me. ...........................................
4. Make yes/no questions. eat rice

I
You
Did They
He
She

It

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 33

5. Make five sensible sentences.

Please give your book.
do your head.
touch me some water.
read your homework.

6. Change into who-question.
Statement who-question

a. He is a doctor. ..............................................

b. She is a nurse. ..............................................

c. They are teachers. ..............................................

d. Kabita is a student. ..............................................

e. You have bought a car. ..............................................

f. Arjun can speak English. ..............................................

g. The girl is beautiful. ..............................................

h. You are lazy. ..............................................

7. Change the following sentences as directed in the brackets.

a. The teacher was teaching. (Interrogative)

b. Deepa loves me. (Negative)

c. Usha was going by bus. (Negative)

d. Subash was feeling happy. (Interrogative)

e. I was not doing exercise. (Affirmative)

f. The teacher was writing on the board. (Interrogative)

g. They were waiting for us. (Negative)

h. Indira was driving her car. (Interrogative)

i. He plays badminton well. (Negative)

j. Farmers are working in the filed. (Interrogative)

34 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Lesson Articles

6

Before you begin

Put 'a', 'an' or 'the' in the blanks.

Yesterday, I saw ........... man walking on the bank of ...........Sunkoshi
river. ........... man had ........... umbrella. ........... umbrella was black.
He had .......... horse. ........... horse was black too. .............. man was
crossing ............... river. ........... I had to cross ............ river. ..............
horse man helped me. I thanked ........... man for his help.

Read and learn. Articles

'A', 'an' and 'the' are articles. They are used Indefinite Definite
to describe words in general and to give
specific meaning. A An The
There are two types of articles. They are
indefinite and definite.

Examples: Use of 'An' Use of 'The'
Use of 'A' An orange The Sun
A friend An umbrella The Rising Nepal
A kite An egg The Ramayan
A goat An axe The Titanic
A bag An elephant The East
A fan An inkpot The Moon
A crab An owl The guitar
A dog

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 35

A hen An ant The Pacific Ocean
A jug An enemy The Taj Mahal

For Your Memory

• 'A' and 'An' are indefinite articles. They give general meaning to
a person, place or thing.

• 'The' is called definite article. It gives definite meaning to a
person, place or thing.

• 'A' is used before a countable, singular noun, having a consonant
sound in the beginning.

• Consonant letters:

bcd f gh j k lm
n p q r s t vwx y z

• 'An' is used before a countable singular noun beginning with a
vowel sound in the beginning.

Vowel letters: a e i o u

Use of definite article: The
1. We use ‘the’ for a noun which is only one of its kind.

The Earth The Moon The Sun

2. We use ‘the’ with the musical instruments: the Madal, the
harmonium, the flute, the guitar, etc.

3. We use ‘the’ with the names of newspapers.

The Kathmandu Post The Annapurna Post

The New York Times The Himalayan Times

4. We use ‘the’ with the names of mountains, rivers, oceans, etc.
The Ganga The Himalayas

The Amozon River The Atlantic Ocean

The Karnali River The Arctic Ocean

36 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

5. We use ‘the’ with the names of public structures, hotels, and
religious books.

The Tripitak The Ramayana

The Keshar Library The Clock Tower

The Everest Hotel The Hanumandhoka Durbar Square

The City Museum The Soaltee Crown Plaza

6. We use ‘the’ for the noun used earlier.

For example:

A woman came to our home. The woman was with a child.

7. We use ‘the’ with the parts of the house.

In the kitchen In the drawing room

In the bathroom In the dining room

8. We use ‘the’ with the superlative degree of an adjective.
He is the tallest boy in his group.
It is the most expensive watch in this shop.

Listen and speak

Sound /t/
learnt, laughed, asked, touched, pushed, helped
Sound /d/
opened, hobbled, carried, called, changed
Sound /ei/
hey, may, ray, face, race, lace, say, today

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 37

Exercise-1 Class Activity

1. Fill in the blanks with ‘A' or An’.

a. An honest man. b. ...........................bird.

c. ......................... flower. d. ...........................apple.

e. ......................... bus. f. ...........................man.

g. ......................... elephant. h. ...........................owl.

i. ......................... girl. j. ...........................boy.

k. ......................... coat. l. ...........................ox.

m. ......................... woman. n. ...........................hat.

o. ......................... north. p. ...........................pen.

q. ......................... school. r. ...........................oldman.

s. ......................... useful book. t. ...........................American.

u. ......................... European. v. ...........................house.

w. ......................... university. x. ...........................inkpot.

2. Put ‘a’ or ‘an’ in the following blanks.
a. Bring ............. basket.
b. Keep it in ............. pot.
c. He has ............. large family.
d. Do you have............. cousin?
e. There is ............. olive tree.
f. ............. horse is standing there.
g. .............fly is............. insect.
h. There is ............. laptop on the table.
i. ...........apple a day keeps the doctor away.
j. I saw.........man coming towards the gate.

38 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Exercise-2 Homework

1. Fill in the gaps with a or an.
a. He is .............. engineer.
b. .............. ant has six legs.
c. She got ..............prize of Rs. 100.
d. I saw .............. old man with .............. stick.
e. I take a rest after.............. hour of work.
f. Take .............. orange and .............. guava.
g. ..............school principal is in this office.
h. They are looking for .............. beautiful house.
i. I met .............. young man on the way.
j. There is .............. umbrella in my bag.
k. .............. house is to live in.
l. .............. owl sees only at night.
m. They come here once .............. day.
n. Could you give me .............. stamp please?
o. He presented me with ..........dozen of colour pencils.

2. Put ‘the’ in the blanks.
a. .............. sky is blue.
b. .............. clouds bring rain.
c. .............. sun shines brightly.
d. .............. dog is a faithful animal.
e. Have you read .............. book I gave you yesterday?

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 39

f. ..............Seti flows through Pokhara.
g. .............. moon shines with the help of sunlight.
h. He was .............. man I was looking for.
i. .............. earth is round in shape.
j. .............. rose is beautiful.

Exercise-3 Class Activity

1. Fill in the blanks with 'a', 'an' or 'the'.
a. That is .............. owl.
b. This is .............. elephant.
c. There is .............. map on the wall.
d. They sit on .............. benches.
e. Sunday is ..............first day of the week.
f. .............. apple a day keeps the doctor away.
g. Nisha sings .............. song.
h. .............. cow is .............. domestic animal.
i. There is .............. egg in the nest.
j. I take .............. bath every day.
k. Manoj is .............. best boy in my class.
l. He was sitting on.............. chair.
m. Can you give me .............. umbrella?
n. Every morning, he has to take ..............egg.

40 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Test Paper-I F. M.
P. M.
First Terminal Examination

Subject : English Grammar
Class : Three

1. Match the subjects and predicates

I • is a beautiful girl

Ram • are playing outside

They • am not feeling well

She • is a strong boy.

2. Rearrange the following words to make sentences.
a. my / cat / that / is
.....................................................................................................
b. holiday / be / will / tomorrow / a
.....................................................................................................
c. lives / my / father / in / Rajbiraj
.....................................................................................................
d. clever / a / Virbal / was / man
.....................................................................................................
e. the / in / working / farmers / are / field / the
.....................................................................................................

4. Complete the following sentences.
a. ........................................ the capital of Nepal.

b. .........................................brings our letters.

c. Many people ................................................ .

d. My father ...................................................... .

e. Our country ................................................... .

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 41

3. Match the following subjects and predicates
Subjects Predicates
There • bought a pen.
I • is full of water.
The glass • shine in the sky.
Stars • comes after Saturday.
Mohan • speaks slowly.
Sunday • are many birds.

5. Change the following sentences into negative.
a. I am rich.
.....................................................................................................
b. You had a car.
.....................................................................................................
c. Suman went to market.
.....................................................................................................
d. Kabita plays football.
.....................................................................................................
e. Open your mouth.
.....................................................................................................

6. Make any five yes / no questions.
a. .....................................................................................................
b. .....................................................................................................
c. .....................................................................................................
d. .....................................................................................................
e. .....................................................................................................

7. Fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’.
a. He is ....................... honest man.
b. Bring ....................... umbrella for me.
c. Hemanta is ....................... tallest boy.
d. Kathmandu is ....................... capital of Nepal.
e. It is ....................... most expensive bicycle in this shop.

42 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

8. Give two examples each for eight parts of speech.
9. Make sentences using the following words and phrases.

a. in the story
.....................................................................................................
b. in my bag
.....................................................................................................
c. picked up
.....................................................................................................
d. really
.....................................................................................................
e. teacher
.....................................................................................................
10. Answer the following questions.
a. What is conjunctions? Give examples.
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
b. What is a sentence? Give examples.
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
c. What are parts of speech?
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
d. What is an imperative sentence? Give any two examples.
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 43

Lesson

7 Noun and Its Types

Before you begin

Write one word in the blanks and show your teacher.
Present president of Nepal .......................................
You are a .......................................
A vehicle to carry sick people to hospital .......................................
A book is made of .......................................
Opposite of hate .......................................

Read the following story.

Bhawani was a good woman. She had
a small house. She had a cow and three
goats. One day her friend Josana came
to her house. She asked Bhawani to give
her some money. Bhawani said that she
did not have money. So she gave Josana
a goat. Josana gave a beautiful shining
stone to Bhawani. After many days, Bhawani also needed some
money. She had nothing left to sell. She took that beautiful stone to
sell in the market. The stone was diamond. She got a lot of money
and she became rich.

• In the above story 'Bhawani, woman, house, cow, goat, day, friend,
Josana, house, money, stone, market, diamond' are nouns.

• Nouns are names of persons, animals, places, things, etc.
• Nouns are also called naming words.

44 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

There are five types of noun

1. Proper Noun (particular name)
2. Common Noun (class name)
3. Collective Noun (group name)
4. Material Noun (substance name)
5. Abstract Noun (quality name)

1. Proper Noun: The name of a particular person, place or thing is
called proper noun.

Example: ‘Ram, Nepal, the Geeta,’ etc.

2. Common Noun: The name of persons, places or things of the same
kind or class is called common noun.

Example: ‘a boy, a girl, a city, a table,’ etc.

3. Collective Noun: The name of group of persons, animals or things
is called collective noun.

Example: class, clock, bunch, assembly, army, etc.

4. Material Noun: The name of a substance of which things are made
is called material noun.

Example: ‘gold, iron, wood, paper,’ etc.

5. Abstract Noun: The name of a quality, action or state belonging to
a person or thing is called abstract noun.

Example: ‘love, honesty, truth, wisdom,’ etc.

For Your Memory

• The things which can be counted are called countable nouns.
Example: 'boy, cow, pen, class', etc.
• The things which can't be counted are called uncountable nouns.

Example: 'milk, gold, love' etc.
• Common nouns and collective nouns are countable nouns.
• Material nouns and abstract nouns are uncountable nouns.

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 45

Common nouns Proper nouns
Boy Manoj, Rabin, etc.
Girl Sadhana, Manita, etc.
King Tribhuvan, Mahendra, etc.
Minister Ramchandra, Shambhu, etc.
Teacher Mr. Krishan Lal, Meena Gurung, etc.
Shopkeeper Trigharaj, Bhekha, etc.
Country Nepal, India, Japan, etc.
Town and city Pokhara, Kathmandu, London, etc.
School Surya Secondary School
Shanti English Boarding, etc.
Place Biratnagar, Nepalgunj, etc.
Day Sunday, Monday, etc.
Month January, February, etc.
River Bagmati, Mechi, etc.
Building Singha Durbar, Narayanhiti Palace, etc.
Book The Ramayan, The Mahabharat, etc.
Goods Brighter tooth paste, Lily soap, Pen, etc.
Television Samsung, Philips, etc.
Bicycle Hero, Atlas, Royal, etc.

Exercise-1 Class Activity

1. Fill in the puzzle with five kinds of nouns.

CN

O

C EI E

AA

AE A

46 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

2. Pick out the word which is not a noun and write in the blank
spaces:

a. bus, ticket, driver, move .....................................

b. teacher, read, student, book .....................................
c. ball, bat, player, throw .....................................
d. milk, tea, drink, coffee .....................................
e. make, chair, table, door .....................................
f. cat, fat, rat, hit .....................................
g. flower, leaf, tree, beautiful .....................................
h. pen, pencil, write, paper .....................................
i. buy, machine, trade, needle .....................................
j. policeman, thief, night, catch .....................................

3. Underline the nouns in the following story.

Birbal was a clever man. He could outwit anyone.
One night a thief came to his house to steal valuable
things. He hid himself outside the house and waited
for Birbal to sleep. Birbal saw him but pretended to
be inattentive.

After some time Birbal said, "I have put all the silver
coins and gold ornaments in a pot and hung on the
guava tree behind the house for safety."

The thief heard this. He climbed the tree and stretched his hand to
take the pot. As soon as he grabbed the pot, a swarm of wasps stung
him. In fact, it was a wasp hive. He cried in pain and ran away.

Listen and speak

Silent letter / h / Silent letter / n /
honour, honest, hour Autumn, column

Silent letter / b /
bomb, comb

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 47

Exercise-2 Homework

1. Write common noun for the following groups of proper nouns.

a. Toyota, Maruti, Fiat, Mazda .................................

b. Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, Nepal ..................................

c. football, hockey, tennis, cricket ..................................

d. Patan, Mumbay, Colombo, Sanghai, Paris ..................................

e. guava, apple, orange, pineapple, grapes ..................................
2. Write the names of the following.

a. Your full name : ..................................

b. Your school’s name: ..................................

c. Your mother’s name: ..................................

d. Name of the place where your school is located: .......................

e. Name the place you come from: ..................................

f. Name of your country: ..................................

g. Your father’s name: ..................................

h. Your best friend’s name: ..................................
3. Circle the proper names in the following sentences.

a. The capital city of Nepal is Kathmandu.

b. Palpa is a beautiful place.

c. Arniko visited Tibet several centuries ago.

d. Have you been to Bhaktapur?

e. Sarala gave me an apple.

f. Sagarmatha is the highest peak in the world.

g. I have never visited China.

h. Ratan and Anmol are close friends.

48 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3

Exercise-3 Class Activity

1. Tick against the correct noun to fill in each space.
a. A .....................has two wheels. (bullock-cart/bus/jeep)
b. A .............works with a needle and thread. (butcher/tailor/
barber)
c. A ...................... is a place where we read books. (restaurant/
salon/library)
d. People drink milk of a ............................ . (dog/hen/cow)
e. We get wool from a ........................... . (stork/ship/sheep)
f. A.....................barks. (dog/jackal/lion)
g. The ...................... is a direction. (west/waste/waist)
h. The person who writes a book is a ........... . (reader/rider/writer)
i. The teacher writes on the ................ . (duster/mark/white board)

2. What are they called?
a. I am connected to electricity. They watch and listen to
me. .......................................
b. I carry water from sea and ocean to many other places. I fall
on the earth as rain ...............................
c. People live inside me. I have doors and windows. .......................
d. I fly from flower to flower. I collect pollen and nectar from
flower to make honey...............................
e. They read me. I have lots of interesting things inside
me. .................................
f. I am round in shape. But I change my shape and size. I shine in
the sky at night ...................................

Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3 49

g. I have branches and leaves. I give flowers and fruits.
...............................

h. I live under water. I swim. I have fins, scales and
tail. .................................

i. Many people come to sit inside me. I have four wheels and
I take them from place to place. ..............................

j. I also carry people and things. I have wings and I can fly.
3. Give five examples for each of the following.

Proper Noun .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............
Common Noun .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............
Collective Noun .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............
Material Noun .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............
Abstract Noun .............. .............. .............. .............. ..............
4. Match the following by putting correct numbers in the boxes.
A poet 1. Who brings letters for us
A dancer 2. Who writes books
A singer 3. Who treats patients
An artist 4. Who dances very well
An author 5. Who mends shoes
A scientist 6. Who does art work
A journalist 7. Who makes furniture
A teacher 8. Who sings songs
A carpenter 9. Who teaches in school
A postman 10. Who reports the news
A doctor 11. Who writes poems
A cobbler 12. Who invents new things

50 Oasis Applied Grammar and Composition Book-3