English Skills Book - 5 101 Group work Sit in groups of four or five students. Write a special thank you card to one of your teachers. Then show it in the class. Vote which group has got the best one. You can vote one for yourself and one for the next group. Then, see which team wins. Then write a congratulatory note to the group. Speaking 26 Sit in pairs and hold conversations in the following situations. a. Your friend has given a gift for you. b. Your friend became the vice-captain of the school for the year. c. Your brother/ sister has come first in the exam. d. Your brother gives you a new book. e. Your brother is getting married. f. A stranger helped you stand up after you fell. g. Your friend has congratulated you. h. Someone gives you back your lost bottle. i. Your uncle and aunt have got a new baby. j. Your teacher found a mistake and helped you correct it. k. It is your friend’s birthday today.
102 English Skills Book - 5 Crazy Shopping Dialogue “Thirty goats, and fifty cats Forty coats, and eighty hats Eighty boats, and ninety rats and one hundred acrobats. No speck of dust clean it must Not a blot nor a dot Make it clean and fair it looks Reading all the piles of books.” “A pinch of salt or a tube of gum Don’t look dumb make a hum Tell me now where’re you from? What do you need, a bread crumb? Neither a goat nor any cats Not a coat nor any hats Neither I sell boats or rats I don’t have any acrobats.” 1 Listen and sing. Then pick the quantifiers and numbers. Expressing 6 Quantity Listening
English Skills Book - 5 103 Conversation 2 Sit in pairs and practise. Rohan: Dad, our new school is very nice. We have small classrooms and good teachers. Father: Really? How many students are there? Rohan: Twenty–five. There are about twenty– five students. Father: Well, how many teachers are there then? Rohan: Er. fifty, maybe. I’m not sure. I’m still new in the school. But there are many teachers. I could see them everywhere! Listening 4 Listen and complete the quantities of the food items. a. ______________ bottles of vinegar b. ______________ kilos of rice c. ______________ litres of yoghurt d. ______________ kilos of sausage e. ______________ dozen eggs f. ______________ kilos of fish g. ______________ litres of oil 3 Sit in pairs and talk about your school in a similar way.
104 English Skills Book - 5 Pronunciation 5 Listen and practise. a. a litre of petrol b. a kilo of flour c. a set of dishes d. a bottle of milk e. a slice of cake f. a jar of jam Vocabulary rice chicken oil fish eggs vinegar milk potatoes sausages bread fruit yoghurt a. fifty kilos of _______________ b. twenty kilos of _______________ c. ten litres of _______________ d. five kilos of _______________ e. fifty loaves of _______________ 6 The word of is often mispronounced by most Nepali speakers. So, listen carefully and practise saying the word correctly. Max interviews the cook in the school canteen. She tells him the quantities of food in a day. Look at the list and write the name of the food.
English Skills Book - 5 105 7 Look at the picture. Match the food and the phrase that describes the food. Then, write a complete phrase. a. pizza a cartoon of a slice of pizza b. flour a tin of ___________________ c. jam a slice of ___________________ d. water a can of ___________________ e. cola a bottle of ___________________ f. chocolate a kilo of ___________________ g. milk a jar of ___________________ h. oil a bar of ___________________ i. noodles a packet of ___________________
106 English Skills Book - 5 Grammar Uncountale Nouns Unlike countable nouns, uncountable nouns are substances or concepts that we cannot divide into separate elements. We cannot “count” them. For example, we cannot count water but we can count jars of water or bottles of water. Here are some examples: music, art, love, happiness, advice, information, news, furniture, luggage, rice, sugar, butter, water, electricity, gas, power, money, currency. Remember, we usually treat uncountable nouns as singular. We use a singular verb. Your luggage looks heavy. This news is very important. We do not usually use the indefinite article a/an with uncountable nouns. We cannot say “an information” or “a music”. But we can say a “something” of: a piece of news, a bottle of water a grain of rice We can use some and any with uncountable nouns. I’ve got some money. Have you got any rice? We can use a little and much with uncountable nouns. I’ve got a little money. I haven’t got much rice. Many and a few come with countable plural nouns. Many people like rock music. I have a few marbles. To count or quantify an uncountable noun we use a unit of measurement - a measure word. For example: a loaf of bread a tablespoon of honey one cup of coffee a slice of bread three pieces of furniture a bag of rice
English Skills Book - 5 107 8 Are the nouns in blue countable or uncountable? Say. Example: towel- countable a. She folded the clean towel and put it in the closet. b. Mum thinks there is enough time to complete another chore. c. I would like another plate of pasta, please. d. The man’s generosity is remarkable. e. I can see the rain through the windows. f. The sand is nice and warm under my feet. 9 Complete the given questions with How much or How many. a. How many cups of tea do you drink in a day? b. _____________ money do you spend for your tiffin? c. _____________ sugar do you put in your coffee? d. _____________ hours do you spend at school? e. _____________ films do you watch in a month? Sit in pairs. Ask and answer the questions above. 10 Underline the correct answer. a. We eat too many / much sweets. b. You don’t eat enough / many fruits. c. Italian people eat many / a lot of pasta. d. He sometimes drinks too much / many cups of coffee. e. I eat a lot of / enough chocolate. f. She doesn’t eat many / much fresh vegetables. g. Students eat too much / many fried food. h. You don’t drink too many / enough water. _____________
108 English Skills Book - 5 Speaking 11 Sit in pairs. Ask your partner about his or her food habits. A : How many cups of tea do you drink in a day? B : Three cups of tea. A : How much sugar do you take in tea? B : Two spoonful. A : How many oranges do you take in a day? B : I don’t eat any oranges these days. A : How much salt is necessary? B : Just a pinch will be OK. Reading 12 Read and learn. Then act it out. Shopkeeper: Namaste! How can I help you? Luna: Namaste, I’m looking for some apples. Shopkeeper: We have several different kinds. Which one do you want: Fuji, Kashmiri or Mustang? And how much do you need? Luna: Well, I’ll take Mustang apple. Just two kilograms. Shopkeeper: Alright, two kilograms. It’s Rs. 300. Luna: And can I also get half a kg of grapes, please? Shopkeeper: Sure. That’ll be Rs. 75. Luna: And do you have any milk? ___ cups of tea ___ packets of biscuits ___ oranges ___ apples ___ bowl of soup ___ spoonful of sugar ___ bananas ___ a piece of cloth ___ a pinch of salt
English Skills Book - 5 109 Shopkeeper: Yes, we have several different sizes. How much would you like? Luna: I think I’ll just get a half a liter pouch. Shopkeeper: Fine, that’ll be Rs.50. Luna: And do you have any yoghurt? Shopkeeper: Yes, we have several different flavours. Would you like Jujudhau? It’s fresh from Bhaktapur. Luna: Well, I will take just one full pot. That’s one litre, right? Shopkeeper: Yes, and that’ll be Rs. 150. Luna: And do you have any bread? Shopkeeper: Yes, we have several different kinds. Which type would you like? Luna: I think I’ll just get a loaf of white bread. Shopkeeper: Alright, that’ll be Rs. 95. Luna: And do you have any eggs? Shopkeeper: Yes, we have several different sizes. How many would you like? Luna: I think I’ll just get a dozen. The big ones, OK! Shopkeeper: Alright, that’ll be Rs. 450. Luna: And do you have any butter? Shopkeeper: Yes, we have several different brands. Which one and how much would you like? Luna: I think I’ll just get a stick of the DDC’s (Dairy Development Corporation). Shopkeeper: Alright, that’ll be Rs. 50. Luna: And do you have any pasta?
110 English Skills Book - 5 Shopkeeper: Yes, we have several different types. Which kind would you like? Luna: I think I’ll just get a box of spaghetti. Shopkeeper: Alright, that’ll be Rs. 150. Luna: And do you have any tomato sauce? Shopkeeper: Yes, we have several different brands. Which one and how much would you like? Luna: I think I’ll just get a jar of ketchup. Shopkeeper: Alright, that’ll be Rs. 150. Luna: Well, how much in all? Shopkeeper: That makes Rs. 1470 in total. Luna: Thanks! Here you are! By the way, could you pack them in a box, please? I will just keep at the front while I ride my scooter. Shopkeeper: Sure! Here you are. Luna: Thank you! Shopkeeper: You are welcome! Comprehension 13 Discuss the following questions. a. What three kinds of apples did the shopkeeper offer Luna? b. How many kilograms of apples did Luna buy? c. How much did Luna pay for grapes? d. How much milk did Luna buy? e. What flavour of yogurt did Luna buy? f. What type of bread did Luna buy? g. How many eggs did Luna buy?
English Skills Book - 5 111 h. What brand of butter did Luna buy? i. What type of pasta did Luna buy? j What brand of tomato sauce did Luna buy? 14 Write the answers. a. List all the items Luna bought. b. Based on the dialogue prepare a price list of the shop. c. Which of the items Luna bought have you or your family bought? d. Suppose you are going for shopping this weekend. Prepare a shopping list you may take with you. Write quantities to buy as well. Speaking 15 Act like a customer and a shopkeeper. Suppose you need various items in your home. Now, make a shopping list that includes grocery items. Then, sit in pairs and act like a customer and a shopkeeper. Items you may select: rice milk soap wheat flour oil salt fenugreek cabbage turmeric powder Harpic coriander leaves tomato shampoo onions chillies potatoes biscuit toothpaste cumin powder broom mop dish washing soap
112 English Skills Book - 5 Grammar Articles: a/an A/an are indefinite articles. We use these indefinite articles before a singular countable noun. We use a/an when we want to say one but we don’t know which one. a goat, an alligator a horse an eye We use a before a word that begins with a consonant sound. a bag a shopping-mall a store We use an before a word that begins with a vowel sound. an umbrella an orange an apple Be careful! Letters are not sounds. Some letters remain silent and they are pronounced differently. For example: an hour an honour an honest man an MP an LG TV set an LCD monitor an FM radio an x-ray a Euro a one rupee note a unicorn a ewe We do not use a/an with uncountable nouns and plural nouns. We can use some instead. Would you like some milk? Yes, please! I would like to have some biscuits as well. 16 Fill in the gap with a or an. One day, _____ little girl named Alice went for _____ walk in the park. She saw _____ amazingly beautiful butterfly fluttering among the flowers. As she walked further, she heard _____ strange noise coming from behind _____ bush. She peeked behind the bush and saw _____ small rabbit with _____ analog watch, talking to himself.
English Skills Book - 5 113 17 Complete the sentences using a or an. a. I am going to wear _____ orange dress to the party. b. ____ elephant is a large animal. c. Give me _____ one-way ticket to Pokhara, please. d. I saw ____ UFO last night! e. I’m going to take ____ nap before dinner. f. She has ____ unusual name. g. Can you pass me ____ pen, please? h. He is _____ honest person, you can trust him i. _____ x-ray machine is used to see inside the body. j. I’m taking ____ nap before the teacher arrives in the class. k. I am going to wear _____ undershirt to stay warm. l. My brother is _____ SEE candidate. m. _____ MP lives near my house. 18 Find the mistakes if any and correct them. a. I saw an elephant at the zoo yesterday. b. I’m going to the store to buy a bread. c. I’m going to the library to borrow a new book. d. I can’t wait to try an new restaurant downtown. e. Please pass me a pencils from the desk. f. I need to go to the store and buy an apple for lunch. g. Can you please give me a umbrella, it’s raining outside.
114 English Skills Book - 5 Reading 19 Discuss the given questions. Then, read and learn. a. Do you fancy imagining something? b. What would you buy if you got a million rupees? If-ing -by Langston Hughes If I had some small change I’d buy me a mule, Get on that mule and Ride like a fool. If I had some greenbacks1 I’d buy me a Packard2 , Fill it up with gas and Drive that baby backward. If I had a million I’d get me a plane And everybody in America’d3 Think I was insane4 . But I ain’t5 got a million, Fact is, ain’t got a dime6 — So just by if-ing I have a good time! Key words 1 paper dollars (slang term) 2 a brand of American luxury car 3 America would 4 seriously mentally ill 5 has not or have not also isn’t, am not, are not 6 a coin worth one tenth of a dollar
English Skills Book - 5 115 Comprehension 20 Are the following true or false? a. The speaker thinks riding a mule would make him look like a fool. b. Greenbacks refers to money. c. Packard is a kind of card. d. The speaker seems to be a millionaire. 21 Fill in the blanks with the given words to summarise the poem. mad petrol car African fancy happy million imagines plane mule laugh money If-ing is a short poem written by an _________ American poet Langstan Huges. This is a simple poem like a child’s _________. First the poet _________ to have some change to buy a _________. He imagines himself ride on the mule and going around the city. He knows people would _________ at hime when he rides on the mule. Then he imagines to have enough _________ to buy a car. After buying the _________, he wants to fill it with _________ and give a ride to his girl friend. Then again he imagines to have a _________ dollar. He wishes to buy a _________. When he talks about a plane, people find him to be _________. It is because he is a poor fellow having no money. Finally, he says he was keeping himself _________ by imagining things or just if-ing.
116 English Skills Book - 5 Grammar Singular or Plural Look at the following examples and derive the rules of making plural in English. a friend many friends a brush two brushes a car a few cars a bus several buses a bird a couple of birds a box many boxes a bag several bags a match three matches a sack three sacks a fez five fezes a boy many boys a fly two flies a donkey a few donkeys a family several families a guy two guys a country many countries a day several days a baby three babies a radio many radios a hero two heroes a video a few videos a potato several potatoes a zoo many zoos a tomato many tomatoes Do you have any exception to this rule? Do you find any? a knife many knives a sheep two sheep a leaf a few leaves a deer several deer a wolf many wolves a species many species Exceptions: roof-roofs/ cliff-cliffs • Do you think some nouns do not change their form in plural? Do you know any of them? • Do you think some nouns do not follow any rules? Do you know any of such nouns?
English Skills Book - 5 117 22 Rewrite the sentences using plural nouns. a. The cat is sleeping on the couch. b. The boy is eating a sandwich. c. The goose is swimming in the pond. d. The child is playing with a toy. e. The tooth is hurting me. f. The foot is sore after running. g. The box is full of toys. h. The cherry tree is blooming. i. The mouse is running through the house. j. The woman is carrying a bag. 23 Rewrite each sentences so the plural nouns are spelled correctly. a. The childs saw deers. b. Deers walk in a group. c. The farm has oxes and gooses. d. The mans have big foots. e. Mooses have big babys. f. Womans love their grandchilds. 24 Rewrite the paragraphs below correcting mistakes in plural nouns and in punctuating items in a series. a. My brotheres play football, and basketball at school. I’m not good at sports. Instead, I like to draw paint, and sculpt. My parentes say I don’t have to be like my siblings. I’m special just the way I am. b. Do you like to sing dance and laugh? Then Catch the Beat is the perfect game for you. Groups of playeres take turns singing and dancing for each other. The fi rst one to make the other group laugh wins! Buy it today. You’ll be sure to make girles boys, and even babys giggle with joy!
118 English Skills Book - 5 Listening 25 Listen to the audio and find if the following statements are true or false. a. The speaker went shopping with her parents. b. The speaker found a pink dress with a bow on the back. c. The speaker’s parents ordered sandwiches for lunch. d. The speaker only bought new clothes and shoes. e. The speaker did not have a good time at the restaurant. 26 Listen to the audio and choose the correct answer. a. What colour were the sneakers the speaker bought? pink white rainbow black b. Where did the speaker go shopping? a grocery store a department store a clothing store all of the above c. What did the speaker’s parents order for lunch? cheeseburgers sandwiches onion rings all of the above d. What did the speaker order for lunch? a salad a sandwich a cheeseburger and fries a bowl of soup e. Did the speaker have a good time shopping? No Yes It is not mentioned
English Skills Book - 5 119 Writing 27 Write a couple of paragraphs about your shopping experience. You may listen to the shopping experience once more. Then, you reflect on your own shopping experience. Make a list of things you bought. Then, note the day and date you went shopping. Also reflect on if you felt cheated by a shopkeeper. Or if you felt you did not pay the fair price. How do you feel about paying higher or unfair prices? How can you avoid such situations later? After noting or discussing among your friends, you may write your experience now.
120 English Skills Book - 5 Listening 1 Listen and sing. Then, answer the following questions. Green Frog and Brown Bear Which one is faster, which one is stronger Which one has more fun, which one is longer The little green frog or the little brown bear Which one do you think is more rare? The frog is quick and agile on land He hops and jumps with a quick hand The bear is slow and lumbering, but strong He roars and plays all day long So which one is better, which one is greater Which one is more fun, which one is smarter The little green frog or the little brown bear Which one do you think is more rare? Making Comparison 7 a. How are these two animals similar? b. Which animal do you think will be faster? Do you know their speed? c. How many times the weight of a frog would be the weight of a bear? d. Which one do you think is better for the environment?
English Skills Book - 5 121 Conversation 2 Sit in pairs and practise. Also pick words used for comparing. Harry and Kate are from London. Harry has just returned from Nepal and shares his experience with his friend Kate. Harry: Have you ever been to Nepal? It’s such an interesting country! Kate: No, I haven’t. But I’ve always wanted to go. What’s it like? Harry: Well, it’s known for some of the highest mountains in the world. The Himalayas run through Nepal. It has the highest peak, Mount Everest, which is the tallest mountain on Earth. Kate: Wow, that’s impressive. Do they have any other notable mountains? Harry: Yes, there are many other mountains in Nepal that are also quite high. For example, Annapurna I is the tenth-highest mountain in the world, and Lhotse is higher than that, it is the fourth-highest. Kate: That’s really cool. Are there any other interesting features? Harry: Yes, Nepal is also home to the deepest gorge in the world, the Kali Gandaki Gorge. It’s located between Dhaulagiri and Annapurna, and it’s deeper than the Grand Canyon in the United States. There are also some rarest animals like red panda, one-horned rhinos and snow-leopard. Kate: That’s amazing. Harry: Yes, it’s a very beautiful country. You must visit Nepal once.
122 English Skills Book - 5 Speaking 3 Compare the following animals. Use the given words. cute furry heavy shy big restless scary 4 Look at the above picture and discuss with your pair. a. Which of these animals are found in the higher altitude? b. Which of these animals are found in the lowlands? c. Put the animals in an order from commonly found to the most endangered one. d. If you had to feed these animals for one day, how much food would you estimate? Which one would need the most and which one would need the least? Consider the types of food and amount of food as well. e. If you can save only one of the above animals, which one would it be and why?
English Skills Book - 5 123 Listening 5 Listen and complete the note about the hippopotamus. habitat : rivers/ lakes in warm Africa size : height : ___________ length : ___________ weight : ___________ physical characteristics : big body ______________eyes and ear behaviour : lives in groups of 10–15 with one superior male not aggressive lives in water during the day looks for food at _____________________________ food : grass, plant and ____________________________ 6 Listen again and fill in the blanks. The hippopotamus lives near rivers or lakes in some warm areas of __________________ . It is one of the ____________________ mammals. It is about _________ centimetres high and nearly _________ metres long. It weighs around _________ kilos. The hippo has dark _________ , a very big body and _________ eyes and ears. It lives in groups of _________ females and young with one superior _________ . The hippo is not an angry animal. It spends the day in
124 English Skills Book - 5 _________ and comes out at night to look for grass, plants and fruit. Baby hippos are often born in the _________ after a period of 230 days in their mother’s womb. Hippos are not in danger of disappearance. However, their number is much _________ than before. Reading 7 Read and learn. Then say which animal can be described using the given words. beautiful solitary playful strange sleepy slow thin delicate A The loris is not the most active animal in the world. It lives and sleeps in the rainforests of South Asia. It is known with different names in different places. Tamil people call it Tevenga. In Bengali, it is called Lajjawati–bandar and in Hindi it is called Sharmili–billi. It is called a shy creature because it does not come out during the day. The loris is careful when it climbs. It doesn’t swing or jump like any other monkeys. It can’t be much energetic! It is small and brown and has very large eyes. It is nocturnal and omnivorous. That means it goes for hunting at night and eats both meat and vegetables. Particularly, it feeds on insects and plants. It also likes small birds but it cannot catch many. It is the slowest animal in the rainforest.
English Skills Book - 5 125 B The red panda is a cat-like creature in the mountain regions of Asia. It has thick reddish–brown fur with white marks on its face and tail. It has a fluffy tail and small ears. It can be 4–6 kilograms in weight and about two feet in length. Its whiskers are white and long. It is found in central China, Nepal, Myanmar and Bhutan. However, due to loss of habitat, it is rare. It lives for about 8 to 12 years and feeds mainly on bamboo leaves and shoots. However, it also eats a variety of other foods such as fruits, nuts, eggs, flowers and seeds. Sometimes, it hunts some small animals like mice and squirrels and small birds. The red panda is solitary and arboreal. That means it loves to live alone and lives in the trees. Like the loris, it is also nocturnal; it is active from dusk to dawn. Mostly, the red panda is haunted by snow leopards. C Perhaps the most beautiful and delicate bird in the world is the humming bird. Humming birds are tiny, brightly coloured creatures. Humming birds live in the forests and feed on the nectar of flowers. The smallest of all the humming birds is the bee humming bird. The bee humming bird weighs only two grams. Humming birds can hover in the air just like helicopters. They move their wings two hundred times per second.
126 English Skills Book - 5 D Do you know this creature? What do you call it? In English it is called centipede. ‘Centipede‘ means one hundred legs. With its busy little legs and long thin body, the centipede is one of the strangest common insects. Centipedes can be brown or grey. They love to live in dark, wet places and eat worms and insects. Most centipedes are less than ten centimetres long. But the world’s longest centipede, the giant centipede from Madagascar, can be as long as 30 centimetres. Comprehension 8 Look at the network about the centipede. Then, read the given texts and take note about other animals. Food : worms and insects Colour : brown/grey Habitat : dark, wet places Size : a few millimetres to 30 cm 9 Read the passages again and match the title for each. a. Lots of legs b. Nature’s helicopter c. Lonely fellow in the mountains d. Shy and slow
English Skills Book - 5 127 10 Answer the following questions. a. Where does the loris live? b. What does nocturnal mean? Give at least two examples of nocturnal animals. c. Describe the tail of the red panda. d. What is the life span of the red panda? e. What does arboreal mean? Is a monkey an arboreal animal just like the red panda? Why? f. Why is the humming bird called nature’s helicopter? g. What is the size range of a centipede? h. Where is the centipede found? Vocabulary 11 Choose the correct words from the box and complete the sentences. habitat solitary delicate nectar arboreal nocturnal a. Tina is a _______________ child. She loves to be alone. b. The flowers in the garden are so ________________ . Please, be careful so that you don’t damage them. c. Monkeys are ________________ . They don’t live or sleep on the ground. d. The bee collects ________________ from flowers and prepares honey. e. Bats are ______________ . They look for their food only at night. f. Many wild animals are losing their natural _____________ because people are destroying the forest.
128 English Skills Book - 5 Across 5. need careful treatment 6. a natural place where animals or plants live 7. living in trees 8. soft and woolly 9. forest in hot and wet areas 10. active during the night Down 1. sweet liquid produced by flowers 2. living or being alone 3. to think or talk carefully about something 4. a country in southern Africa 1 2 3 4 9 7 6 5 8 10 delicate Grammar Adjectives An adjective is a word that describes a noun (things or persons). Many adjectives answer the question What kind? These adjectives describe colour, shape, size, sound, taste, touch or smell. • What kind: The cook put the black pot on the stove. Other adjectives answer the questions How many? or Which one? 12 Solve the crossword puzzle.
English Skills Book - 5 129 blue sky red rose • How many: She filled six pots with water. Then, she lifted a pot. • Which one: This pot is for the soup. 13 Read each sentence. Write which underlined adjective answers which of the question, What kind?, How many? or Which one? a. The chicken walked by a small stream. b. Three deer watched the chicken. c. These deer wanted to meet the chicken. d. They jumped over a high wall. e. The friendly chicken greeted the deer. 14 Write an adjective to complete each sentence. a. My grandmother told me a story about _____________ goats. b. They lived in a _____________ forest by a river. c. One day, the goats saw a woodcutter fall into _____________ river. d. The _____________ goat jumped into the river and swam to woodcutter.
130 English Skills Book - 5 Spelling 15 We can add ful at the end of some nouns and make them adjectives. beauty + ful = a beautiful picture duty + ful = a ____________________ person plenty + ful = ___________________ supply of rice truth + _____ = a ____________________ answer power + _____ = a ____________________ man wool + ly = woolly hats love + ly = a ____________________ house friend + _____ = ____________________ teachers comfort + able = a comfortable chair read + able = ___________________ handwriting understand + _____ = an ____________________ situation magic + al = magical powers music + al = ____________________ instruments comic + al = a ____________________drama end + less = endless talks motion + less = ____________________ cars care + _____ = a ____________________ student
English Skills Book - 5 131 Position of Adjectives We put adjectives before nouns (things or persons). Manita has short hair. I don’t like a lazy person. A good person never harms others. We also put an adjective after be verb or verbs like: like, become, feel, look, seem, etc. Garima looks tired. Anjana is helpful. In questions with the verb be, we put the adjective after the noun. Is your bag big? Are the apples fresh? When we use two or more adjectives to describe a noun, we usually put them in the order like in the table below. Karun bought a small blue bag. She was wearing an old woollen shawl. opinion size age colour nationality materials beautiful horrible smart small big huge old young middle aged blue purple grey Chinese American Nepali cotton plastic wooden When we use two adjectives after the verb be, we use and between the adjectives.
132 English Skills Book - 5 16 Choose the correct order of adjectives to complete the sentences. a. My grandfather always sits in his ________________ armchair. i. old, favourite, leather ii. favourite, old, leather iii. leather, old, favourite iv. leather, favourite, old b. We all sat around our ________________ table. i. wooden, old, dining ii. old, wooden, dining iii. old, wooden, dining iv. wooden, dining, old c. My father gave my mother a________________ vase for her birthday. i. beautiful, Chinese, flower ii. Chinese, beautiful, flower iii. flower, beautiful, Chinese iv. beautiful, flower, Chinese d. I put on my ________________ shirt. i. cotton, white, new ii. white, new, cotton iii. new, cotton, white iv. new, white, cotton 17 Arrange the adjectives in brackets in the correct order to fill in the gaps. The Witch in the Wood Hey! I am telling you a story about an ________________ (old / ugly) monster. He lived in a ________________ (cold / dark) castle in the side of a ________________ (old-fashioned / small) village. Everyday he went out to look for the ______________________ (lost / little) children. When he found them, he took them back to his
English Skills Book - 5 133 __________________ (big / frightening) castle. There, the children had to wash the monster’s ________________ (china / best / tea) set without breaking a single plate! Then they had to iron all his ________________ (black / long) monster coats. They also had to scrub the ________________ (dirty / wooden / long) corridors! When all the jobs were finished, he let the children go. One day he found two brothers, Pemba and Phurba. They were very different. Pemba was a ________________ (dark / tall) boy but Phurba was a ________________ (short / fair) child. The monster took the boys to his castle and made them work. But the boys were terrible! They broke his ________________ (china / precious) plates. They burnt all his coats with the iron. They spread ________________ (cold / dirty) water all over the floor. The monster was very angry.
134 English Skills Book - 5 Reading 18 Read and learn. “Louder than a clap of thunder; louder than an eagle screams, louder than a dragon blunders, or a dozen football teams, louder than a four alarmer, or a rushing waterfall, louder than a knight in armour jumping from a ten-foot wall. Louder than an earthquake rumbles, louder than a tidal wave, louder than an ogre grumbles as he stumbles through his cave, louder than stampeding cattle, louder than a cannon roars, louder than a giant’s rattle, that’s how loud my father SNORES!” -by Jack Prelutsky Comprehension 19 Based on the poem, match the following. a. eagle’s ___ rattle b. tide’s ___ scream c. cannon’s ___ rumbles d. earthquake’s ___ waves e. giant’s ___ roars
English Skills Book - 5 135 20 Answer the following questions. a. What is the rhyming pattern of the poem b. Do you find any use of onomatopoeia in the poem? c. What sounds does the speaker use to compare his/her father’s snores with? d. Do you think the author is using hyperbole or exaggeration? Pick a couple of examples. e. Do you know anyone who does something in extreme? Can you find any five things to compare him/ her? Then, write a poem like the one given here. Grammar Comparative and superlative Did you know? We use the comparative form of an adjective to compare two things. A giraffe is taller than a rhino. “than” comes just after the comparative word. We use the superlative form of an adjective to compare more than two things. The giraffe is the tallest animal in the world. We use article the before the superlative form of an adjective. thin thinner thinnest
136 English Skills Book - 5 21 Complete the information with the correct form of the given adjectives. Then, guess which animal this description is about. This animal is _________ (small) than a whale but _________ (big) than a dog. It is one of the _________ (large) land animals in the world after the African elephant and possibly the hippopotamus. Its legs are _________ (short) than a giraffe’s but it’s body is _________ (heavy) and it has a very big head with one or two horns. It is _________ (slow) than a lion or cheetah but it is _________ (fast) than a bear. It is _________ (dangerous) than a hippopotamus. It is not a _________ (delicate) animal in the world. Now, it is in the real danger of extinction. 22 Choose the correct adjective. a. My pet dog is as ___________ as your dog. i. fast ii. faster iii. fastest iv. more fast b. Kamal is the ___________ boy in the class. i. fast ii. faster iii. fastest iv. more fast c. Biratnagar is ___________ than Kathmandu. i. hot ii. hotter iii. hottest iv. more hot d. The ___________ peak in the world is Mt Everest. i. high ii. higher iii. highest iv. most highest e. For me, English is ___________ than Mathematics. i. interesting ii. more interesting iii. most interested iv. most interesting
English Skills Book - 5 137 Reading 23 Read and learn. The Poles The South Pole and the North Pole are two very interesting and unique places on Earth. They are both located at opposite ends of the planet and have many differences and similarities. One of the biggest differences between the South Pole and the North Pole is their location. The South Pole is located in Antarctica, which is a continent covered in ice and snow. The North Pole is located in the Arctic Ocean, which is a large body of water surrounded by land. Another difference between the two poles is the weather. The South Pole is much colder than the North Pole because it is located further away from the equator. In fact, the South Pole is the coldest place on Earth, with temperatures often reaching -100 degrees Fahrenheit! The North Pole is also cold, but not as cold as the South Pole. The average temperature at the North Pole is around -20 degrees Fahrenheit. One similarity between the South Pole and the North Pole is that they both have long periods of darkness and sunlight. At the South Pole, the sun does not rise for six months and then does not set for six months. This is because the South Pole is tilted away from the sun during the winter months and tilted towards the sun during the summer months. The North Pole also has long periods of darkness and sunlight, but the length of the days and nights are not as extreme as at the South Pole.
138 English Skills Book - 5 Both the South Pole and the North Pole are home to a variety of wildlife. In Antarctica, you can find penguins, seals, and whales. In the Arctic, you can find polar bears, wolves, and arctic foxes. One final difference between the South Pole and the North Pole is the way they are used by humans. The South Pole is mostly used for scientific research, as it is a very isolated and uninhabited place. The North Pole, on the other hand, is used for transportation and is a popular destination for tourists who want to see the Northern Lights. In conclusion, the South Pole and the North Pole are two very unique and interesting places on Earth. They are located at opposite ends of the planet and have many differences and similarities. The South Pole is colder, located on a continent, and mostly used for scientific research, while the North Pole is warmer, located in the Arctic Ocean, and used for transportation and tourism. Comprehension 24 Match the words with their meanings. a. South Pole - a continent covered in ice and snow located in the southern hemisphere b. North Pole - animals that live in a particular place or habitat c. Antarctica - the northernmost point on Earth d. Arctic Ocean - not lived in by people e. equator - far away from other places or things f. Fahrenheit - a temperature scale where water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees g. wildlife - the southernmost point on Earth h. isolated - an imaginary line around the Earth’s middle that divides the planet into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres i. uninhabited - a large body of water located in the northern hemisphere
English Skills Book - 5 139 25 Answer the following questions. a. What are the main locations of the South Pole and the North Pole? b. What is the average temperature of the South Pole? c. How do the South Pole and the North Pole have long periods of darkness and sunlight? d. How is the wildlife at the South Pole and North Pole different? e. Why do you think the South Pole is more isolated and uninhabited than the North Pole? f. How might the popularity of tourism to the North Pole affect the use of transportation in the region? g. How might the difference in location and use of the poles affect the long-term preservation of these unique regions? h. How might the different environmental issues affecting the poles be addressed and mitigated by scientists, governments, and the general public? 26 Look at the map and name the continents. Antarctica
140 English Skills Book - 5 Listening 27 What kind of extreme weathers can you see in the picture? Discuss. 28 Match the words with their meanings. a. insulated __ long period of dry and hot weather b. panes __ to cover not to let heat or sound or electricity out c. drought __ the facility of supplying land with water d. irrigation __ flat pieces of glass 29 Listen and fill in the blanks. a. Houses in the far north are well insulated to keep ___________ in. b. The windows in these houses often have two panes of thick _________. c. The roofs in these houses are designed to make __________ slide off. d. Snow plows remove snow from _________-_, and chains are wrapped around car tires to stop them from sliding on icy roads. e. A ___________ is an extreme form of dry weather over a long period of time. f. People can reduce their water use by recycling the water they use for washing and cleaning, and installing _________ to collect rainwater.
English Skills Book - 5 141 Grammar Article: The We use the when the noun is repeated in the context. I bought a book yesterday. The book has interesting stories. With superlative degrees Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world. With religious books: the Mahabharat, the Tripitak With names of countries that have common nouns: the United Kingdom, the UAE, the USA, the Bahamas, the Philipines, With names of mountain ranges: the Himalayas, the Andes, the Alps With the names of newspapers: The Rising Nepal With the names of the rivers: the Ganges, the Bagmati, the Amazon With names of deserts, canals, trains, ships and monuments: the Sahara, the Thar, the Suez Canal, the Panama Canal, the Rajdhani Express, the Dharahara With numerical positions: the first, the second, the hundredth With nouns that refer to only one as such: the sun, the moon, the sky With nouns that represent the whole class: The lion is a carnivore. 30 Use a/an or the in the given blanks. a. Here is __________ pen that you have been looking for. b. __________ industrial fair was inaugurated in __________ city. c. _________ moon was not visible in ____________ sky. d. Would you show me __________ letter you have received?
142 English Skills Book - 5 e. Please get me _________ cake from the bakery. f. __________ more you read, __________ more you know. g. __________ sun rises in __________ east and sets in __________ west. h. __________ fox is __________ very clever animal. i. I read __________ interesting story in __________ Bible. j. __________ stone hit him on __________ head. Writing Writing Comparison and Contrast We often have to talk about how two things are similar or different from each other. When we do so, we often use a pattern as shown in the table below. Talk about similarities Talk about differences Both A and B are/ have.... A ....while B is .... A and B are both .... A is ...whereas B is.... A and B have .... Unlike A, B is ... An eagle is a bird. An ostrich is a bird. These sentences talk about similarities. Thus we can write: Both eagle and ostrich are birds. An eagle can fly. An ostrich cannot fly. These two sentences talk about differences. Thus we can write: An eagle can fly while an ostrich can’t fly. Ramita is wearing a dress. Sumita is wearing a dress. Similarity: Both Ramita and Sumita are wearing dresses. Ramita’s dress is red. Sumita’s dress is green. Difference: Ramita’s dress is red whereas Sumita’s dress is green.
English Skills Book - 5 143 Kamal has a blue bag. Krish has a blue bag. Similarity: Kamal and Krish have blue bags. Kamal’s bag is big. Krish’s bag is small. Difference: Unlike Kamal’s bag, Krish’s bag is smaller. 31 Write similarities and differences between these animals. Similarity : ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ Difference: ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ Similarity : ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ Difference: ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________
144 English Skills Book - 5 Ocean dolphins River dolphins are the members of whale family s are the members of whale family live in the ocean and stay away from people live in rivers, many of them are very familiar with people like to leap out of the water like to jump above the water can live even in aquariums usually die if they are caught have good eyesight and can see well under the water have very poor eyesight and some of the types are almost blind 33 Using the ideas in the above table, complete the paragraphs given below. There are some similarities between ocean and river dolphins. Both ocean and river dolphins are the members of __________ both the dolphins love to jump out __________ Most importantly, both types of dolphins are water creatures. There are some major differences between _______________ and __________ Unlike river dolphins, ocean dolphins __________ Ocean dolphins __________ while river dolphins __________ Possibly their most important difference is that ocean dolphins __________ 32 Look at the facts about ocean and river dolphins. Write ‘s’ for similar facts and ‘d’ for different facts in the column given in the middle.
English Skills Book - 5 145 The giant panda The red panda Found in mountains of China Found in mountains of China and the Himalayas eats bamboo shoots and leaves eats bamboo shoots and leaves belongs to bear family belongs to cat family can grow big, around 100 kg, much bigger than red pandas grows slightly bigger than a domestic cat very few are found very few are found has black and white colour has red and white colour cannot climb trees can climb trees powerful plentiful dutiful truthful beautiful handful shameful grateful Pronunciation 34 Use the ideas given below and write a couple of paragraphs comparing and contrasting the giant panda and red panda. 35 Brainstorm about any two ideas. Then, follow the pattern and write a couple of paragraphs. 36 Listen and learn to pronounce ful (/f l/) at the end of the word.
146 English Skills Book - 5 Listening 1 Listen and sing. Then, answer the following questions. Oh! My Mother In the corner of my room There’s a picture of you On the wall by my bed I see you in my head Oh! My mother! Cause you’re always in my mind Of every place I find In my heart and in my soul You’re the one that makes me whole At the end of the day You’re the one that guides my way With you by my side I’ll never have to hide. Oh! My mother! Cause you’re always in my mind Of every place I find In my heart and in my soul You’re the one that makes me whole 8 Describing Location
English Skills Book - 5 147 a. The speaker’s mother is present in different places. Can you say where s/he finds her? b. How does the imagery of the “corner of my room” and the “picture of you” on the wall convey the relationship between the speaker and their mother? c. How is your relationship with your mother? d. Now note the preposition of place in the given song. Discuss Conversation 2 Sit in groups of three and practise. Hari: Hey boys, do you want to hear about the coolest place I discovered last weekend? Binod: Sure, tell us about it! Hari: It’s a park near my house. It has a huge playground, with slides and swings and monkey bars. Aman: That sounds fun! Is there anything else in the park? Hari: Yeah, there’s a pond with ducks and a little bridge over it. And there’s a big field where we can play soccer or frisbee. Binod: That sounds great! Do they have any picnic tables or benches to sit on? Hari: Yeah, they have a lot of picnic tables and benches scattered around the park. And there’s a big shady tree where we can sit and eat our lunch. Aman: That sounds like the perfect place for a picnic! Can we go there tomorrow? Hari: Sure, we can meet there at noon. It’s the best place to hang out with friends and enjoy the outdoors. Binod: Sounds like a plan! See you there tomorrow!
148 English Skills Book - 5 Place prepositions: in, on and at We use in with three-dimensional spaces like rooms, houses, bags, cities and countries. We use on to say something remain on an open surface like table, palm, wall or map We use at to show where things happen: Do you know what three dimensional means? It means having length, breadth and height. We also say in the photo, in a car, in the picture and in a taxi. We also say on the internet, on the radio, on TV and on the screen. Note: We can use in, on at looking at where the things are. a. The man is at the gate. b. The notice is on the door. c. The key is in the door. the cupboard the space my room the box the fist the sack in the table the wall my palm the map the ceiling the floor on the school the airport my station the cinema the party the top at Grammar
English Skills Book - 5 149 a. You've got a mark in / on your arms! b. There's some tea in / at the cup. c. We are going to meet at / on the party. d. It was very dark in / on the forest. e. They live on / in Brazil. f. Don't put your bag on / at the ground! It's wet! g. Kelly's on / at school. h. Are you in /on this photo? i. I'll see you in / at the bus stop at eight o'clock. j. Let's sit on / at the grass. 3 Ring the preposition. My Bedroom Hello my name is Sumina. I live in a tall building _______________ Kathmandu. My bedroom is __________ the third floor of the house. My bedroom is next to the kitchen. _________ my bedroom you can see things around. There is photo hung ___________ the wall. Most of my clothes are _______________ the cupboard. There are a couple of pairs of slippers _______________ my bed. My books and notebook are _______________ the shelves. However, my English book is _______________ the table. There is a big mirror _______________ the shelves and cupboard. There are some stickers ______________ the mirror. There is a table _______________ by bed. I have kept my heater _______________ the table. _______________ winter, sitting inside my bedroom makes me feel happy. 4 Complete the description of Sumina’s bedroom using prepositions.
150 English Skills Book - 5 a. The mouse is under the table. b. The mouse is behind the freezer. c. The cat is jumping over the wall. d. The mouse is near the shoes. e. The mouse is next to the table. f. The fan is above the table. g. The temple is opposite the bank. h. The train is going through the tunnel. i. The mouse is between the bucket and the table. j. The mouse is in front of the girl. k. The mouse is in the bucket. l. The rainbow is behind the hills. 5 Read the sentences here and match them with the pictures given on the next page.