Allied Publication Pvt. Ltd. Sitapaila, Kathmandu By Romharsh Panthi Edited By Bijaya Kumar Basnet Krishna Prasad Marasini Approved by the Government of Nepal, Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, as an additional material for schools 1 Allied Publication Pvt. Ltd. Sitapaila, Kathmandu By Romharsh Panthi Edited By Bijaya Kumar Basnet Krishna Prasad Marasini Approved by the Government of Nepal, Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, as an additional material for schools 1 A Truely Communicative Textbook 2
Publisher : Allied Publication Pvt. Ltd. Sitapaila, Kathmandu Phone: 01-4278629, 4288827 Author : Romharsh Panthi Copyright : All rights reserved with the copyright holder. Edition : First 2074, Second 2078 (Based on New Curriculumn) ISBN : 978-9937-682-06-0 Computer : Icon Design House, Bagbazar (9849098999) Illustration : Creative Brush (Prem Lamsal) Printed in Nepal
About Pathfinder..... This English series, Pathfinder English Reader, is a breakthrough as well as a complete package in the presentation of its contents. It has been prepared and designed incorporating its activities with the latest technologies of ICT (Information and Communications Technologies). It has tried to assimilate all the activities which are very essential to make comprehensive English language study. It has equally focused on both language and literature. The contents of each unit in the books are completely based on language and literary activities and flavours. The students are encouraged to explore their horizon of knowledge by using ICT and communicative approach of English language beyond the traditional boundaries of classroom and textbook. The students will find themselves true learners and explorers while reading and doing in every activity of the unit; and the teachers will find and play themselves the role of true facilitators while teaching each item of the unit. Concept of Pathfinder English Reader The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines pathfinder as: • a person, group or thing that goes before others and shows the way over unknown land. • a person, group or thing that finds a new way of doing something. Pathfinder English Reader has tried to translate the sense of pathfinder into concrete form in its contents and presentation. Highlights of Pathfinder Completely new concept in the contents and presentation Relating textbook activities to the latest ICT Fully based on Communicative Approach Based on Continuous Assessment System (CAS) A complete package of all the skills of English language About Pathfinder..... This English series, Pathfinder English Reader, is a breakthrough as well as a complete package in the presentation of its contents. It has been prepared and designed incorporating its activities with the latest technologies of ICT (Information and Communications Technologies). It has tried to assimilate all the activities which are very essential to make comprehensive English language study. It has equally focused on both language and literature. The contents of each unit in the books are completely based on language and literary activities and flavours. The students are encouraged to explore their horizon of knowledge by using ICT and communicative approach of English language beyond the traditional boundaries of classroom and textbook. The students will find themselves true learners and explorers while reading and doing in every activity of the unit; and the teachers will find and play themselves the role of true facilitators while teaching each item of the unit. Concept of Pathfinder English Reader The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines pathfinder as: • a person, group or thing that goes before others and shows the way over unknown land. • a person, group or thing that finds a new way of doing something. Pathfinder English Reader has tried to translate the sense of pathfinder into concrete form in its contents and presentation. Highlights of Pathfinder Completely new concept in the contents and presentation Relating textbook activities to the latest ICT Fully based on Communicative Approach Based on Continuous Assessment System (CAS) A complete package of all the skills of English language This book ‘Pathfinder English Reader-2’ is fully based on the new curriculum and objectives prescribed by the Curriculum Development Centre (CDC). The book follows the inductive method and the communicative approach of language learning but in different ways. It has creatively integrated four language skills in 13 steps. Students find different flavours of learning in different steps. Each unit begins with the pre-reading activity and ends with the project work. The first page of each unit foreshadows its contents and activities. The page highlights: Title of the unit Objectives of the unit Thematic pictures Learning items and steps of the unit: Ò Pre-reading activity Ò Let’s talk Ò Let’s recite Ò Let’s read Ò Let’s enrich word power Ò Let’s learn pronunciation Ò Let’s use words Ò Let’s learn spellings Ò Let’s learn grammar Ò Let’s punctuate Ò Let’s write Ò Dictation: listening test Ò Project work The sole objective of learning English is developing communication skill. So the book has given emphasis to thematic communication through ‘Let’s talk,’ which is given in Step Two. This step helps studentsdevelop communicative skill in them through conversation and acting in pairs and groups. The book is fairly pictorial to make it more attractive, effective and child friendly. It tries to explain the themes of the lesson through pictures. It is a passion and promise of the writer and the publisher to make the book a brand of quality and more reliable, practical and useful. This second edition of the book has tried to incorporate all the suggestions and remarks given for the first edition by the subject experts, principals, teachers, students and parents. The writer and the publisher are highly thankful to them and hope the same kind of appreciations for this edition as well. - Author Salient Features: based on new curriculum 13 steps of elucidation variety in activity inductive method communicative approach graphic and colourful easy and effective students centered textbook cum workbook
CONTENTS UNIT TITLE PAGE 1 Me and My Family 9 2 My Daily Life 33 3 Our School 54 4 Our Environment 87 5 My Belongings 110 6 Our Culture 127 7 Communication, Technology And Market 145 8 Fruits and Vegetables 168 9 Hobbies and Interest 195 10 Birds and Animals 218
UNIT 1 Me and My Family Pre-reading activity Let's use words Let's write Let's talk Let's learn pronunciation Dictation Let's recite Let's learn spellings Project work Let's read Let's learn grammar Let's enrich word power Let's punctuate STEP 1 STEP 6 STEP 11 STEP 2 STEP 7 STEP 12 STEP 3 STEP 8 STEP 13 STEP 4 STEP 9 STEP 5 STEP 10 Learning Items and Steps of the Unit OBJECTIVES OF THE UNIT After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò tell about their family relations, their ages and occupations Ò make a family tree to show their family relation Ò use the vocabulary of family relation and occupation Ò distinct proper and common nouns Ò identify the punctuation marks Ò identify the sound symbols of the alphabet Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 7
STEP 1 PRE-READING ACTIVITY Look and know. Family Tree Great Grandfather Great Uncle Uncle Sister Nephew Niece Nephew Niece Son Daughter Brother Me Cousin Cousin Cousin's wife Brother-in-law Sister-in-law Wife Aunt Father Mother Uncle Aunt Grandfather Grandmother Great Aunt Great Grandmother 8 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Language Functions Ò Greeting and leave taking Ò Introducing others Ò Talking about ages Ò Talking about home and family Good morning, dad! Good morning, mum! I am fine. Thank you. And you? We are also fine. Good morning, dear! How are you? Talking 1 Read and act the following conversations. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 9
Talking 3 Puja : Hello, Rima! How old are you? Rima : Hello, Puja. I am seven years old. And you, Puja? Puja : I am eight years old. How old is your father, Rima? Rima : My father is thirty-five years old. And yours? Puja : He is thirty-two years old. How old is your mother? Rima : She is thirty-three years old. And yours, Puja? Puja : She is thirty years old. How old is your brother? Rima : He is five. And yours? Puja : He is four. Nice to talk to you! Rima : Me too. Bye! Puja : Bye, bye. Goodbye! Goodbye, ma’am! Talking 2 10 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Talking4 Nita : Hi, Kopila! How are you? Kopila : I am fine. And you, Nita? Nita : I am fine too. Who is he? Kopila : He is my father. He is a doctor. Nita : Good morning, uncle! Father : Good morning, Nita. Nice to meet you. Nita : Nice to meet you too. Who are in your family, Suraj? We are five. Grandfather, dad, mum, sister and me. There are seven members in my family. They are parents, grandparents, sister, brother and me. And yours? Talking 5 Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 11
STEP 3 LET’S RECITE LEARNING PROCESS Listen and say: phonic awareness Look at the lines of the poem; listen to your teacher and say. Read and say: Communication skill a. Who are in your family? b. How do you express your love to your family members? I Love My Family I love my family with my heart and soul, They make me happy, they make me whole. I love my family with my heart and soul; They stand by me, when I have a goal. Grandma, grandpa, mother and father Uncle, aunt, brother and sister We live together, loving each other Without family, we have no fun and future. 12 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Post-reading activities 1. Write the words that rhyme with: a. soul ----------------- -------------------- b. father…………….. ……………….. 2. Write true or false. a. We hate our family because they don’t support us. b. We love our family because they always support us. c. Our parents help us in every step. d. Our grandparents do not love us. e. We have no future without family. f. We get love, care and fun in our family. 3. Answer these questions. a. Who are in your family? b. How old are they? 4. Let’s learn from the internet. Read some poems about family on the internet. Write one of them that you like most in your notebook. Recite it to your family and class. 5. Creative Work Compose a poem about your family and recite it to your class. whole Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 13
STEP 4 LET’S READ Note to the teacher: Follow the given procedure while teaching the lesson. LEARNING PROCESS Pre-reading WORD GAME Complete the following crossword puzzle. happy parents student cute joyful grandpa family domestic h p f g s c j d 14 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
ROLE-PLAY Taking a turn, ask and answer in pairs: Who are in your family? What do they do? While- reading activity Listen and say: phonic awareness Look at the lines, listen to your teacher and say after your teacher. Read and say: communication skill Read the lesson thoroughly and tell your friend: a. Who are in Eliza’s family? b. How old are they? c. What do they do? I am Eliza Yadav. I am seven years old. I study in grade two. I am going to tell you about my family members. This is my family. There are nine members in my family. I have my parents. I have my grandparents. I have my uncle and aunty. I Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 15
have a brother and a sister. We have a pet dog and a cat. My father is a teacher. His name is Rudra Yadav. He is forty-two years old. He teaches at Ganes Secondary School. It is in Saptari. My mother is a nurse. She works at a hospital. Her name is Rupa Devi Yadav. She is thirty-seven years old. My grandfather is a retired army. His name is Prem Yadav. He is eighty- two years old. My grandmother is a retired teacher. She is seventy- six years old. Her name is Parmila Yadav. My uncle is a doctor. His name is Ganesh Yadav. He is thirty –two years old. My aunty is also a doctor. Her name is Sarita Yadav. She is a dentist. She is twenty-nine years old. Both uncle and aunty live in Kathmandu, but we live in Saptari. My elder sister is a student. She studies in grade eight. Her name is Saru Yadav. She is thirteen years old. My elder brother is Murali Yadav. He is a student. He is sixteen years old. He studies in grade eleven. My family is a happy family. I love my grandparents and parents. I love my brother, sister, uncle and aunty. I love my dog, Sheri, and cat, Cheri. Sheri is small. It is brown and cute. Cheri is black and white. I play with my Sheri and Cheri. Post-reading activities : revisiting the text PLAYING WITH WORDS 1. Match the words with their similar meanings. parents tell cute pet happy student say learner father and mother attractive joyful domestic 16 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
2. Choose the opposite word from the box and write. teacher sad children wild young hate a. student : ………………………………. b. happy : ………………………………. c. parents : ………………………………. d. pet : ………………………………. e. old : ………………………………. f. love : ………………………………. 3. Which words don’t go with family? Circle them. minors outsiders unknown seniors dad teens daddy broods refugees youngsters infants babies kids toddlers juveniles parents alien family relatives kinsmen home foreigners strangers father non-relative mother offspring issues children unfamiliar mommy guests aunt niece visitors outcast uncle nephew kin and kith Comprehension Check Factual questions: Let’s read and find facts. 4. Let’s fill in. a. Eliza is …………….years old. b. She studies in grade………………… c. There are……………in her family. d. Her grandfather is a retired……………. e. Her grandmother is a retired ……………. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 17
5. Let’s decide true or false. a. Eliza has a joint family. b. She lives in Saptari. c. Cheri is a dog. d. Prem Yadav is a retired army. e. Murali studies in grade twelve. 6. Let’s complete the table. Name Relation to Eliza Age Work Rudra Yadav Father 42 years old Teacher Rupa Devi Yadav Prem Yadav Parmila Yadav Ganesh Yadav Sarita Yadav Murali Yadav 7. Let’s answer. a. Where does Eliza live? b. How old is Rudra Yadav? c. What does he do? d. What is Eliza’s mother? e. Where does she work? f. Who is a dentist? Let’s read between the lines 8. What do you call them? a. A person who takes care of our teeth : ..................... b. A person who looks after the patients in a hospital : ............. c. A person who goes to school to study: ................................. dentist 18 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
d. A person who checks-up our health: .................................... e. A person who teaches students : .......................................... f. A person who works in army : ................................................. 9. Let’s rewrite. Read about Eliza’s Family and write about your own family. I am ................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................... STEP 5 LET’S ENRICH WORD POWER THE IN-LAWS The in-laws are the members of the family of your spouse (the person you are married to) or via a marriage in your family. Look at the following words about the- in- laws. father-in-law the father of your spouse mother-in-law the mother of your spouse son-in-law the husband of your daughter daughter-in-law the wife of your son brother-in-law the husband of your sister sister-in-law the wife of your brother Step - means that you are related as a result of one parent marrying again. stepfather : the (new) husband of your mother but not your biological father stepmother : the (new) wife of your father but not your biological mother Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 19
stepson : the son of your (new) husband / wife (he is not your biological son) stepdaughter : the daughter of your (new) husband / wife (she is not your biological daughter) stepsister : the daughter of your stepmother or stepfather stepbrother : the son of your stepmother or stepfather STEP word LET’S USE WORDS use 6 What do you call? a. The son of your parents : ............................... b. The daughter of your parents : ............................... c. The brother of your father : ............................... d. The sister of your father : ............................... e. The brother of your mother : ............................... f. The sister of your mother : ............................... g. The parents of your parents : ............................... h. The parents of your parents’ parents : ............................... i. The father of your mother : ............................... j. The mother of your mother : ............................... k. The son of your uncle and aunt : ............................... l. The daughter of your uncle and aunt : ............................... m. The new husband of your mother : ............................... n. The new wife of your father : ............................... o. The son of your father’s new wife : ............................... p. The grand parents of your parents : ............................... brother 20 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
q. The parents of your great grandparents : ............................... r. The son of your wife is your : ............................... s. The daughter of your wife is your : ............................... t. The daughter of your daughter is your : ............................... Let’s choose. nephew great grandmother uncle aunt cousin great grandfather niece stepfather a. The father of your grandfather or grandmother : ........................ b. The mother of your grandfather or grandmother: ........................ c. The brother of your mother or father : ........................ d. The sister of your mother or father : ........................ e. The child of your aunt or uncle : ........................ f. The male child of your brother or sister : ........................ g. The female child of your brother or sister : ........................ h. The (new) husband of your mother but not your biological father : ........................ Let’s match. grandparents the daughter of one of your children grandfather the son of one of your children grandmother the children of your children grandchildren the mother of your father/mother grandson the father of your father/mother granddaughter the parents of your parents Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 21
Let’s play a quiz. 1. My mother's daughter is my……………. a. aunt b. cousin c. sister 2. My mother's mother is my……………. a. auntie b. great aunt c. grandmother 3. My father's son is my……………. a. uncle b. cousin c. brother 4. My step-mother's son is my……………. a. step-brother b. brother-in-law c. step-son 5. My brother's daughter is my……………. a. nephew b. niece c. cousin 6. My aunt's children are my……………. a. step-children b. cousins c. nephews and nieces 7. My grandpa's father is my……………. a. great uncle b. great grandpa c. great great-grandpa 8. My dad's brother is my……………. a. uncle b. cousin c. brother-in-law 9. My sister's husband is my……………. a. sibling b. brother-in-law c. husband-in-law 10. My female spouse is my……………. a. wife b. mother-in-law c. grandmother 22 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP 7 LET’S LEARN SPELLINGS 1 4 5 7 8 3 10 11 12 9 13 14 15 6 Down 1. The male parent of a child 5. A male child 7. A female child 9. The father of your mother or father 13. Your aunt’s husband Across 3. The daughter of your brother or sister 4. The son of your uncle is your 6. Male partner in a marriage 8. The female partner in a marriage 10. The mother of your mother or father 11. Your uncle’s wife 12. The son of your daughter is your 14. The daughter of your son is your Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 23
STEP GRAMMAR 8 LET’S LEARN GRAMMAR PARTS OF SPEECH: PROPER AND COMMON NOUNS Read these sentences. My father’s name is Mohan. My mother’s name is Monika. My grandfather’s name is Jagat. My grandmother’s name is Rima. My brother’s name is Parash. My friend’s name is Pari. My principal’s name is Ganesh. In the above sentences, the words Mohan, Monika, Jagat, Rima, Parash, Ganesh and Pari are persons’ names. Persons’ names are known as proper nouns. The words father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, brother, friend, and principal are common nouns. Remember! Your friends’ names, teachers’ names, your family members’ names, your principal’s name, and your relatives’ names are also proper nouns. These are proper nouns names of family members names of friends names of teachers names of persons names of countries names of districts names of cities names of towns 24 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Let's practise 1. Complete the table with proper nouns. Names of friends Ramesh Names of teachers Sony Names of cities Kathmandu Names of countries Nepal Names of districts Lalitpur Names of mountains Mt. Everest Names of Lakes Rara Lake Names of books Muna Madan Names of Capitals Delhi Names of Rivers Seti River Names of temples Ghadimai Temple Names of schools Moon Light School Names of Hospital Patan Hospital 2. Complete the table with common nouns. The names of: Relation brothers Persons farmers Animals cows Birds crows Fruits apples Vegetables potatoes Stationery books Clothes caps Furniture chairs Dishes plates 3. Identify the proper nouns and underline them. Circle the common nouns. pens, books, Pokhara, ribbon, Ramesh, Gulmi, grapes, Kathmandu, Sita, cap, Annapurna, house, school, Pashupatinath, Lumbini, Japan, bicycle, laptop, eraser, doves, Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 25
parrots, dogs, rose, Palpa, China, India, Madhab, Rita, Rima, rat, mouse, cat, tree, mango, star, sun, Surya, Ben, Bejnu, Lalit, soap, sugar, table, bench, Babloo, rabbit, glass, cup, Cripa, Komal, kite, pant, shirt, mobile, chalk, Chandra, Parsa, Bara, Lamjung, lotus, pill, leaf, lamp. STEP 9 LET'S PUNCTUATE Punctuation marks 1. Identify the punctuation marks and match them with their names. Names Marks Full stop ? Comma ! Question mark () Exclamation mark , Brackets . Quotation marks : Ellipsis - Semicolon __ colon “ ” Hyphen … Dash ; At sign / Asterisk @ Slash ’ Apostrophe comma * The first letter of a proper noun must be a capital letter. Common nouns are written in small letters. 26 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP 10 LET’S WRITE Sunil’s Family Read about Sunil’s family. My name is Sunil Rai. I am seven years old. I am a student. I study in grade two. My father’s name is Ramesh Rai. He is thirty-two years old. He is a teacher. My mother’s name is Sobha Rai. She is twentyeight years old. She is a house-maker. She cooks food, cleans house and looks after us. I have a sister. Her name is Lira Rai. She is five years old. She studies in grade one. I love my sister. We go to school together. We play together. I have my grandparents. They love us very much. I like to eat momo and ice cream. I like green colour. Our family is happy. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 27
Let's do exercise 1. Complete the paragraph. wonderful members engineer teacher grandfather lawyers brothers love care happy I am Anita. I have a .................... family. There are ten ................. in my family. They are grandparents, parents, uncle, aunt, two brothers, two sisters and me. My father is an ........................ My mother is a school ................... My ..................... is a retired teacher and my grandmother is a housewife. My uncle and aunt are ....................... All of my .................... and sisters go the same school. All my family members .................... each other. They ................... for each other. We live together. We are ....................... 2. Write a paragraph about your family. 3. Write about your father with the help of the given questions. What is your father’s name? How old is he? What does he do? What is his father’s name? What is his mother’s name? 28 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
What does he wear? What does he like to eat? What does he like to watch on the TV? What does he do in his free time? Who is his favourite leader? Who is his favourite actor and actress? 4. Write ten sentences about your mother. ........................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................... STEP 11 LET’S LEARN PRONUNCIATION Pronunciation of the English alphabet: revision Look at the letters and say after your teacher. Write the symbols. Letters Pronunciation A a /eɪ/ B b /biː/ C c /siː/ D d /diː/ E e /iː/ F f /ef/ G g /dʒiː/ H h /eɪtʃ/ I i /aɪ/ Letters Pronunciation J j /dʒeɪ/ K k /keɪ/ L l /el/ M m /em/ N n /en/ O o /əʊ/ P p /piː/ Q q /kjuː/ R r /ɑː(r)/ Letters Pronunciation S s /es/ T t /tiː/ U u /juː/ V v /viː/ W w /ˈdʌbljuː/ X x /eks/ Y y /waɪ/ Z z /zed/zi: Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 29
Letters Pronunciation A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H h I i Letters Pronunciation J j K k L l M m N n O o P p Q q R r Letters Pronunciation S s T t U u V v W w X x Y y Z z Let's do exercise Read and write. Note to the teacher: Students should be made familiar with the sounds and letters of the English alphabet. Though there are twenty-six letters, there are forty-four sounds of these letters. There are twenty vowel sounds and twenty-four consonant sounds. Show students how a letter is spoken differently in different words. For example, the prefix ‘-s’ is pronounced ‘s’, ‘z’ or ‘iz’ in different words such as; caps /kæps/, bags /bæɡz/ and prizes /praɪziz/. When you show them with examples, they can understand easily. Start teaching pronunciation with the correct pronunciation of the English alphabet. You can get better ideas about vowel and consonant sounds using the internet. Some tricky symbols /æ/ sound such as; cat, bat, fat, mat /tʃ/ sound such as; catch, match, batch, chair, /θ/ sound such as; think, thought, thank, throw /ð/ sound such as that, the, them, this /dʒ/ ledger, badge, pleasure, measure 30 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP 12 DICTATION: LISTENING TEST 1. Listen and write. Learn the given words for dictation. family relatives parents grandparents nuclear family female woman grandson generation granddaughter nephew cousin language husband brother-in-law divorce sibling spouse joint family mother-in-law niece function dictation marriage step-father 2. Listen and tick. Listen to the teacher or the audio disc and tick the correct option. a. Sara is from: i. Kathmandu ii. Pokhara iii. Butwal b. Rupa is from: i. Pokhara ii. Butwal iii. Kathmandu c. Sara is ……years old. i. six ii. seven iii. eight d. Rupa is ….years old. i. six ii. seven iii. eight e. Sara’s father is …..years old. i. thirty-five ii. thirty-six iii. thirty-seven f. Rupa’s father is ….years old. i. thirty seven ii. forty-two iii. fifty Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 31
g. Sara’s brother is ….years old. i. twelve ii. fourteen iii. fifteen h. Rupa’s mother is …years old. i. thirty-eight ii. forty-two iii. fifty STEP 13 PROJECT WORK Take a chart paper. Draw an attractive family tree on it. Paste the photos of the family members. Write their names and ages. 32 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
UNIT 2 My Daily Life Pre-reading activity Let's use words Let's write Let's talk Let's learn pronunciation Dictation Let's recite Let's learn spellings Project work Let's read Let's learn grammar Let's enrich word power Let's punctuate STEP 1 STEP 6 STEP 11 STEP 2 STEP 7 STEP 12 STEP 3 STEP 8 STEP 13 STEP 4 STEP 9 STEP 5 STEP 10 Learning Items and Steps of the Unit OBJECTIVES OF THE UNIT After the completion of the unit, students will be able to: Ò tell about their daily life activity Ò tell about their present action and activity Ò tell about their past action and activity Ò use vocabulary of daily activity Ò use present and past forms of verbs Ò use capital letters properly Ò use personal pronouns Ò articulate the words of silent ‘b’ Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 33
STEP 1 PRE-READING ACTIVITY Look and say. What activity do you see in each picture? Tell your friend. 34 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP 2 LET'S TALK Talking 1 Tina : What do you do in the morning, Mina? Mina : I wake up at six o’clock. Then I go walking. I come back at seven. I take my breakfast. I study till nine o'clock. Then I go to school. And what do you do, Tina? Tina : I wake up at 6: 30. I also go walking. I return at 7:30. I take my breakfast. I study till 9:30. Then I go to school. Talking 2 Mina : Where did you go yesterday? Tina : I went to the cinema with my parents. Mina : Wow! Which movie did you see? Tina : We saw The Little Mermaid. Mina : How was the movie? Tina : It was wonderful. Won’t you see it? Mina : Yes, I will see it next week. Tina : You will have to go and see it while it’s in the cinema hall. Mina : OK, I will. Talking 3 A : Excuse me. What time is it now? B : It is half-past eight. A : Thank you. B : It’s OK. Language Functions Ò Talking about daily habits and activities Ò Telling the time Ò Describing past actions and events Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 35
Talking 4 A : At what time do you go to school? B : I go to school at nine o’clock. A : When do you come back home? B : I come back home at four o’clock. Let's practise ROLE-PLAY Ask and answer to your friend taking a turn. a. What do you do in the morning? b. What do you do at day time? c. What do you do in the evening? d. What did you do from morning to evening yesterday? STEP 3 LET’S RECITE LEARNING PROCESS Listen and say: phonic awareness Look at the lines of the poem; listen to your teacher and say. Read and say: communication skill a. What does the poet do from morning to late evening? My Daily Routine This is something I do everyday The same routine all the way I wake up early and wash my face Take my breakfast and start my race 36 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Whatever weather_ hot or cool I always walk to my school After school I come back Take a rest and some snack I watch TV or play a game This is my routine always the same I read and write till late night I go to bed and turn off the light. Understanding the poem 1. Match the words with their meanings. A series of actions regularly done weather The first meal eaten in the morning snack A light meal eaten between heavy meal breakfast The state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time routine 2. Answer these questions. a. What does the poet do daily? Write any five activities. b. What does the poet do when he goes to bed? Calligraphy (Handwriting) 3. Write the above poem in your notebook. Creative work 4. Compose a poem about your daily routine and recite it to your class. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 37
STEP 4 LET’S READ (Karan's Daily Life) LEARNING PROCESS PRE-READING ROLE-PLAY: Taking a turn, ask and answer a. What do you do in the morning? b. What activities do you do at school? c. What do you do in the evening? d. What do your parents do from morning to evening? WHILE -READING Listen and say: phonic awareness e. Look at the lines, listen to your teacher and say after your teacher. Read and say: communication skill Read the lesson thoroughly and tell your friend: a. What does Karan do in the morning? b. What does Karan do at school? c. What does Karan do in the evening? I am Karan. My daily life starts from five thirty in the morning. I get up at 5: 30. But on Saturdays, I wake up at seven. All my family members get up at 5:30 in the morning. I go to the toilet. I wash my hands and mouth. I drink a glass of warm water and get ready for a morning walk. My father, mother, and sister also get ready for a morning walk. I go with them to View Park. There is a tall tower in the park. Our dog, Lucky, also goes with us. It is one kilometer far from our house. In the park, we walk and run. My parents do 38 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
meditation after walking. My sister and I play with our dog. Sometimes, we do meditation with our parents. We come back home at seven thirty. We take breakfast at 7:30. We study till nine o’clock. We get ready for school. We go to school at 9:30. We go to school on foot. Our school begins at 10:00 a.m. We study till 4: o’clock. We come back home at 4: 30. We change our school dresses. We wash our hands and mouth with soap. In the summer, we usually take a bath. We play till 5: 30. We sit for reading at 5:45 and continue till 8 o’clock. After that we take our dinner. We watch TV till 9:30. Then we go to bed. I say ‘good night’ to my father, mother and sister. Post-reading activities : revisiting the text PLAYING WITH WORDS 1. Let’s match the words with their similar meanings. daily generally start sight morning prepare ready everyday view begin usually sunrise Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 39
2. Let’s match the words with their opposite meanings. continue evening summer give morning cold warm winter take stop 3. Choose the correct word for each definition from the box. meditation morning school dinner breakfast a. The act of sitting and thinking closing eyes: ................ b. The part of the day from the time when the sun rises: ............ c. A place where children go to be educated: ................ d. The main meal that you eat in the evening: ................ e. The first meal of the day eaten in the morning : ................ COMPREHENSION CHECK Factual questions: Let’s read and find facts 1. Let’s complete. a. Karan gets up at……………………………… b. He gets up at………………………………on Saturdays. c. He takes his breakfast at……………………………… d. He goes to school at……………………………… e. His school begins at……………………………… f. He goes to sleep at……………………………… 2. Let’s answer. a. When does Karan wake up? b. Where does he go for a morning walk? 40 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
c. Who goes with him? d. How far is the park from Karan’s house? e. What is in the park? f. What do his parents do in the park? g. When do they take their breakfast? h. When does Karan go to school? 3. Let’s complete: time-table 5:30 a.m. Karan gets up from his bed. 7:30 a.m. 7:0 - 9:00 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 10:00 a.m. 4:30 p.m. 4:30-5:30 p.m. 5: 30-8:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 9:30 p.m. Let’s read between the lines 1. How can you say that Karan is aware of his health? Write three things. Karan is aware of his health because he washes his hands with soap. a. .................................................................................................... b. .................................................................................................... c. .................................................................................................... Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 41
2. A punctual person does his work in time. Can you say that Karan is also a punctual boy? How? Write three things in your answer. Karan is also a punctual boy because: a. He ............................................................................................... b. .................................................................................................... c. .................................................................................................... STEP 5 LET’S ENRICH WORD POWER 1. Read and rewrite. morning day afternoon evening night wake up sleep eat get up dress up bathroom toilet sunset breakfast lunch dinner supper snack bathing sweeping cleaning jogging reading writing teaching reading doing homework 42 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
2. Match and make new words. mor fast breakfast eve y da ht nig ning break ning lun ool sna per din ch sup ck sch ner ho wn sun ce da ok offi set co me sl g wa t jo ke wa lk ea eep ba ep cle te swe sh wri an was th PRESENT AND PAST FORMS OF VERBS Read these verbs. Present Past Present Past go went help helped see saw come came Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 43
Present Past Present Past write wrote teach taught eat ate make made do did work worked run ran talk talked look looked ask asked answer answered jump jumped wash washed ride rode cook cooked sing sang take took give gave Let's do exercise Write the past form of the given verbs. Present Past Present Past teach lock clean write sweep sing sit laugh see jump pray fill talk pull learn push erase put comb look fly meet 44 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP word LET’S USE WORDS use 6 Let's do exercise 1. Put the correct form of the verb in the blanks. a. I am ………………TV now. (watching/ watch/ watched) b. She ……………early in the morning daily. (wakes up/ woke up/ wake up) c. Our teachers ……………..to class in time. (comes/ coming/ come) d. Let’s ………………..skipping now. (play/played/ playing) e. Yesterday I ……………late. (wake up/ woke up/ wakes up) f. Where did you ……………..yesterday? (go/went/ going) g. Do you …………. to music daily? (listened/ listen/ listening) h. Does your mother ………………..you with your homework? (help/ helps/ helped) i. We ……………..a lovely party last week. (have/ had/ has) j. Our school ……………………..at ten o’clock daily. (began/ begins/ beginning) 2. Use the given words in your own sentences. Wake up: I wake up at 6 a.m. Brush: I brush my teeth before going to bed. shower bath exercise pray walk read sleep mediation study arrange paint school lunch learn breakfast snack watch eat take bed iron omework drink comb clean sweep Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 45
3. Make as many sentences as possible in present and past. I We He She It They My father is am are was were eat eats ate eating sing sings sang singing an apple today yesterday Present activity I sleep today. I am sleeping today. Past activity I slept yesterday. I was sleeping yesterday. STEP 7 LET’S LEARN SPELLINGS Do You Know Some Spelling Rules Every word has at least one vowel such as; ant, but, ink, owl, end Always capitalize a proper noun such as; Deepakk, Nepal, Kathmandu, G may say /j/ before an e, i, or y (gem, giant, gym). It says /g/ before everything else (garden, glad, gun, great). C can say /k/ or /s/. C says /s/ before an e, i, or y (cent, city, cycle). It says /k/ before everything else (cat, click, come, climb) Q is always followed by a u (queen, quilt, question). Words do not end in v or j Contractions replace letter(s) with an apostrophe to shorten a phrase (I’ve represents I have, I'll represents I will) 46 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
STEP GRAMMAR 8 LET’S LEARN GRAMMAR VERBS Talking about present activities Read these sentences. I wake up early in the morning. I take a bath. I go out. I do exercise. I take my breakfast. I read my books. I go to school. I study there. I listen to my teachers. I don’t disturb in the class. I come back home. I take rest. I do my homework. I watch TV. I take my dinner. I go to bed at nine o’clock. I say good night to my parents while going to bed. Let's do exercise 1. Write about your daily work. I wake up .......................... 2. Write about your father’s daily work. He wakes up at .......................... 3. Write about your mother’s daily work. My mother wakes up at .......................... She takes a bath. Talking about past activities Yesterday was Saturday. I woke up at seven o’clock. I took a bath. I went out for a morning walk. My parents were with me. We walked for an hour. We came back home at nine. We took our breakfast. I watched TV. My mother cooked food. We took our lunch at half past twelve. We went out to visit. In the evening, we went to a restaurant. We took our dinner. We came back at seven. We were very happy. We enjoyed the day. Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 47
Now write. a. What did you do in the morning yesterday? b. What did you do at day time yesterday? c. What did you do in the evening? d. What did your mother do yesterday? PRONOUNS My name is Deepak. I am a student. My father’s name is Anmol. He is a teacher. My mother’s name is Kalika. She is a nurse. My grandparents love me. They tell me stories. We live together. Our family is happy. NOTE: - In the above sentences the coloured words I, he, she, we, they are pronouns. They are used in place of nouns. Remember ! A pronoun is used in place of a noun. FORMS OF PRONOUNS Look at these. Subject I We You They He She It Object me us you them him her it Possessive form my our your their his her its Let's do exercise 4. Use the appropriate pronoun in each blank choosing from the above table. My name is Pukar. ___________ seven years old. ___________ father’s name is Purna. ___________ is a teacher. ___________ teaches students. _____________ respect him. He teaches me. I love ___________ He loves _________________love each other. 48 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal
Rima is my mother. ___________ is a house maker. ___________ wears a sari. ___________ is red. My grandfather is a retired teacher. ___________ is eighty years old. ___________ hair is white. Ramesh and Rita are my friends. I like___________ They are ___________ best friends. They always help ___________ You are my best friends. ___________ like me and I like ___________ Kamala is___________ sister. I love___________ She loves___________ hair is long. ___________ is black. 5. Fill in the pronoun me, you, him, her, it, us, you or them. a. I am talking to you. Please listen to …………….. b. These photos are nice. Do you want to look at ……………..? c. I like that camera. I am going to buy ……………... d. I don't know Prem’s girlfriend. Do you know ……………..? e. Where are the tickets? I can't find ……………...here. f. We are going to the disco. Can you come with ……………..? g. I don't like dogs. I'm afraid of ……………... h. Where is she? I want to talk to …………….……………... i. Those apples are bad. Don't eat …………….. j. I don't know this girl. Do you know ……………..? k. Bir never drinks milk. He doesn't like ……………... l. Where are the children? Have you seen ……………..? m. I can't find my pencil. Can you give one to ……………..? n. Who is that woman? Why are you looking at ……………..? o. Do you know that man? Yes, I work with ……………... Approved by CDC, Nepal Pathfinder English Reader 2 49
STEP 9 LET'S PUNCTUATE USE OF CAPITAL LETTERS (1) We should write the first letter of proper nouns in capital letters. Incorrect Correct anita Anita keshab Keshab bikash Bikash palpa Palpa Let's do exercise Rewrite the sentences using the capital letters where necessary. My name is tara magar. My father’s name is salik magar. My mother’s name is sumnima magar. My grandfather’s name is kedar magar. My grandmother’s name is dina magar. My sister’s name is pari magar. My brother’s name is begam magar. My school’s name is baleswori school. My district’s name is bara. My country’s name is nepal. Its capital is kathmandu. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. STEP 10 LET’S WRITE 1. What do you do daily? Write your activities serially. 50 Pathfinder English Reader 2 Approved by CDC, Nepal