My Way Science Health and Physical Education 3

is cold. All insects, fishes, frog, turtle and snakes are cold
blooded animals. They are very much active in summer when
the environment is warm. Most of the food they eat is used up in
growth of their body compared to warm blooded animals.

Quick Test 7: From our surrounding

1. Name any two cold blooded animals found in pond.

___________________ ___________________

2. Name a cold blooded animal that is used as our food.

___________________ ___________________

Quick Test 8: All in one

Write true or false . If they are false, correct the false statements.
1. All animals are active at different seasons.
2. Some animals active in winter season grow new thick hair.
3. There is surplus of food in the summer.
4. Some birds and insects appear in the winter season.
5. Diurnal animals have certain special features which help

them survive in the dark.
6. Warm blooded animals have to eat a lot.
7. Cold blooded animals are very much active in summer

when the environment is warm.

Work Further

Do the following activities : K

1. Answer the following questions.
a. What are the major causes of change in behaviour of

animals at different seasons ?

50 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

b. What is hibernation ? K
C
c. Why is winter season always stressful for plants and animals ?
d. Why do some animals grow new thick fur in winter season ? A
e. Why do some animals migrate during winter ? A
f. Why should we not let water stagnant around our homes ?
g. How do warm blooded animals keep their body

temperature same ?

2. Explain the following terms.

a. Diurnal animals b. Nocturnal animals
c. Warm blooded animals d. Cold blooded animals

3. Write differences between :

a. Hibernation and aestivation b. Bat and hen
c. Diurnal and nocturnal

My way of doing science Ap

Animals have different behaviours. Some appear at
summer season while others become very active in winter.
Find the animals which are active at your locality and list
them in the table given below.

Animals active in Animals active in Animals active in
winter summer rainy season

Fun Science

Collect the pictures of diurnal animals from
newspaper and other sources. Display them on the wall
of your classroom.

MY WAY 51
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

3UNIT

THE WORLD OF PLANTS

Unit Highlights

You are going to learn about
Different Types of Plants
• Habitat
• Terrestrial plant
• Plants in hills and cold region
• Plants in plain and hot region
• Plants found in desert
• Aquatic plant
• Life time of plant
• Annual plant
• Perennial plant
• Flowering and non-flowering

plants

Visit : www.symphonypub.com for further learning
52 MY WAY

Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

5Chapter Different Types Of Plants

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can choose suitable plants that fit in
 list the different habitats of plants. your locality and house garden.
 explain the features of plants and their

life time.

Science in Our Practice
We grow different types of plants
at our garden. Some of them are
Tulsi, different types of flowers,
and fruit bearing plants. People
also grow neem plant in their
garden.

The Neem plant has great medicinal value in our culture.
Its leaves can serve as medicine for many skin diseases.
People believe that the neem juice helps to keep our stomach
healthy and eradicates many gastro-intestinal diseases.

Have you seen neem tree ?
_____________________ _____________________
Name any two plants you have seen in your school garden.
_____________________ _____________________
Name any two fruit bearing plants in your locality.
_____________________ _____________________

MY WAY 53
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

There are different kinds of plants around us. Some plants are
big and strong while others are small and weak. Plants are
important part of our living world. Depending upon their size,
plants are divided into three groups. They are tree, shrub and
herb.

You can complete the table by writing the features of plants.

Tree Shrub Herb

Trees are tall and .................................... ................................
strong.
.................................... ................................

They have big trunk .................................... ................................
with lots of branches. .................................... ................................

They live more than .................................... ................................
two years.
.................................... ................................

Besides differing in size, plants also differ in terms of habitat,
life time and flower bearing capacity.

Habitat
Plant can grow in different places like land, water and desert.
The place where plant grows and lives is called its habitat. Plants
in different habitats have developed different types of features
to adopt in the environment.

54 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Terrestrial plants
Most of the plants grow on land. These plants are called terrestrial
plants. Different parts of the land have different climate and
temperatures. The features of plants at certain part of land
depend on the climate and temperature there.

Quick Test 1: From our surrounding

1. Name the type of habitat for plant where you live in.

___________________ ___________________

2. Name any two shrubs you have at your garden.

___________________ ___________________

Plant in hills and cold regions
Tree like pine, fir, cedar, walnut are common in hilly region. They
are tall and strong. They have needle like leaf. They are evergreen
so they do not shed leaf in winter.

Good manner: We should not plug out plants in garden. 55

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 2: From our surrounding

1. Name a small terrestrial plant that gives you salad item

for your food.

___________________ ___________________

2. Name a plant that gives you fruit in rainy season.

___________________ ___________________

Plants in plain and hot regions
Trees like mango, coconut, litchi are found in plain. The weather
is hot over the plain. These trees can bear this heat. These trees
are tall and strong. They bear lots of leaves in them.

Mango tree Coconut tree Litchi tree

Plants found in desert
Plants that are found in desert are called desert plants. These
plants are also known as xerophytes. Desert has very high
temperature and very little water. Plants in desert have deep
roots which help them to search water. Cactus, aloe and prickly
pear are some examples of desert plant.
Due to high heat and less water resources, desert has less
number of plants. These plants have leaf which is in shape of
thorn and spines.

56 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 3: From our surrounding

1. Name a plant with thorny leaves.

___________________ ___________________

2. Name a plant with biggest leaf.

___________________ ___________________

Aquatic plant
Some plants are found in water. Plant that grows in water is
called aquatic plant.

Have you ever Yes I do…, the whole
seen pond covered pond appears green.
with green algae That is one example

or hyacinth? of aquatic plant.

MY WAY 57
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Some aquatic plants have light and hollow stem.They have broad
leaves which help them to float on water. Some examples of this
category are water lily, lotus and hydrilla.

Quick Test 4: From our surrounding

1. An aquatic plant you have seen in the pond.

___________________ ___________________

2. An aquatic plant edible as green vegetable.

___________________ ___________________

Life time THINK Critically

Plants have their own specific life- Which two of the plants are
time. Some plants live for many older in your region ?
years while some live for a very
i. coconut ii. cactus iii. pine

short time. Depending on their life time plants are divided into
two types. They are annual plants and perennial plants.

Annual plant
The plants which live for less than a year are called annual plants.
During this time they germinate from seed and produce flower
and seed and then die within short time. Rice, wheat, corn and
most of the vegetables are annual plants. Some of them grow
in particular season, like summer or winter. So, these plants are
also called seasonal plants.

58 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Summer season Winter season

Perennial plant Did YOU know ?
Plants which can live for more than
Biennial plants are called perennial Brist lecone pine tree
plants. Most of the trees and shrub are in California white
perennial plants. These plants produce
seed, flower and fruit year after year. mountain is thought to
be the oldest non-clonal

tree in the world.

Banana China Rose Tea

Quick Test 5: From our surrounding

1. Which is the oldest plant at your home ? Write its age.

___________________ ___________________

2. Name a plant recently planted at your home garden.

___________________ ___________________

2. Name short lived plant that gives you vegetable.

___________________ ___________________

MY WAY 59
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Flowering and non-flowering plants
Some plants bear flower while others do not.

Those plants which bear flower are called flowering plant.
Flowering plant germinates from seeds. Then, it becomes plant
and produces flowers which further make seeds. This process is
known as life cycle of plant.

Some examples of flowering plants are rose, marigold, jasmine,
rice.

Those plants which do not bear flower are called non-flowering plants.
Fern, moss and mushroom are some examples of non-flowering
plants. Baby plants of them are produced from roots or stem.

60 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 6: All in one

Fill in the blanks as directed below.
1. Write the names below from smallest to largest plant.
coconut, banyan, rose
______________ ______________ ______________
2. Name three plants that:
a. are found on hills and cold regions.
_____________________ _____________________
b. are found on plains and hot regions.
_____________________ _____________________
c. have thorns.
_____________________ _____________________

Work Further

Do the following activities : K

Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
Aquatic plants / Terrestrial plants / Deep root
Xerophytes / Perennial plant / Flowering plant
Annual plants / Seasonal plant
a. Those plants found on land are called ....................
b. Desert plants are also known as ...............................
c. Plants in desert have ..................................... which

help them to search water.
d. ................................. have broad leaves which help

them to float on water.
e. .......................................... live for a short time.
f. Plants which grow in particular season are called

................................

MY WAY 61
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

g. Plants which can live for more than two years are K
called ......................................................

h. Those plants which bear flower are called ................

My way of doing science Ap

Go to your school garden. Find flowering and non-flowering
plants there. Pluck out few of them and complete the
following table with your observation.

Name of Nature of Nature of
flowering plants leaves roots
a. .......................
b. ....................... a. ....................... a. .......................
Name of non- b. ....................... b. .......................
flowering plants
a. ....................... Nature of Nature of
b. ....................... leaves roots

a. ....................... a. .......................
b. ....................... b. .......................

Fun Science

Visit the botanical garden near your school.
List out the annual and perennial plants you see there. Also
tick them whether they are flowering or non-flowering.
Annual plants Perennial plants Flowering Non-flowering

62 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

4UNIT

CARE OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Unit Highlights

You are going to learn about
Importance of Plants and Animals
Plants as source of food
• Pulse
• Cereal
• Root as vegetables
• Leaves as vegetables
• Stem as vegetables
• Fruits
• Flower as vegetable, oil and fiber
• Medicinal plants
Animals as source of food
• Milk
• Meat
• Eggs
• Wool
• Honey and wax
• Skin and bone

Visit : www.symphonypub.com for further learning 63

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Importance of
Plants and Animals
6

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can grow and rear the plants and ani-
 explain how plants and animals are mals that help to make different dishes.

helpful to us.
 tell the food items we obtain from

plants and animals.
 list the importance of plants and

animals.

Plant and animal in our medicine
Yarshagumba is half animal and
half plant. It is found in western
Himalayan region of our country,
Nepal. It has very high demand in
national and international market.
It can be used to make medicine
of many types of diseases.

Have you seen Yarshagumba ?
_______________________________________________
Name any two other plants with medicinal value.
_______________________________________________
Name an animal at your home.
_______________________________________________

64 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Plants and animals are important for us. They not only provide
us food but also are helpful to us in many other ways. Plants are
sources of food, furniture and medicine.

Plant as a source of food
We get pulse, cereal, vegetables and fruits from plants.
Pulses

Plants give us pulses like pea, gram, kidney beans etc. These
are the seeds of plant. They are rich in protein. They help to build
our body.
Cereals

Plant gives us cereals like rice, corn, wheat and maize. They are rich
in carbohydrate, protein and fiber. They help keep our body healthy.
Some plants are eaten as vegetables. Vegetables are rich in
vitamin, minerals and carbohydrate. We eat different parts of
plant as vegetables. They help us to fight against diseases.

MY WAY 65
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 1: From our surrounding

1. Name any two pulses in your kitchen.

___________________ ___________________

2. Name any two cereals at your kitchen.

___________________ ___________________

Root as vegetable

We eat root of some plants like carrot, radish, and turnip.
Leaves as vegetables

We eat leaves of some plants like cabbage, lettuce, green vegetables.

Stem as vegetable
We eat stem of some plants like potato, onion and ginger.

66 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Fruits
Some plants have edible fruits. Fruits are juicy and tasty. They
are rich in vitamins and minerals.

Flower as vegetable
We eat the flower of some plants like cauliflower and broccoli.

Other things we get from plant are oil, fibre, medicine, wood and
perfume.
Oil
Seeds of some plants are used to make oil.

Good manner: We should not waste foods and fruits. 67

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Fiber
We get fibre from plant. Fibre is used for making clothes, paper,
ropes and sack.

Quick Test 2: From our surrounding
1. The oil you have at your kitchen is obtained from .............

....................... of plant.
Medicinal plants
Plants like tulsi, neem, mint, peepal, aloevera can be used as
medicine. These plants are also known as medicinal plants.
They help us to cure many diseases.

Wood (timber)
Wood is used for making furnitures like bed, chair, tables etc.
We get wood from tree like sal, teak, shisham etc.

Perfumes
Flowers of some plants are used for making perfumes.

68 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

THINK Critically

Which one of the
following is different ?
i. furniture ii. fruit
iii. decoratives iv. meat

Quick Test 3: From our plants

Plant as a source of food: Complete the following table.

Plants Part For Other examples
Bean seeds protein ..............................
Rice cereals carbohydrate ..............................
.................. leaf vitamins ..............................
Carrot .................. .................. ..............................
Potato .................. .................. ..............................

Animals as source of food
Animals also provide us food like milk, egg and meat.

Milk
We drink milk of animals like cow, goat, yak and buffalo. Many
other products like ghee, butter, curd are made from milk.

MY WAY 69
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Meat
Some animals like goat, sheep, fish, chicken provide us meat.

Eggs
Some animals like hen, duck, geese and ostrich provide us eggs.

Other things we get from animals are wool, honey, wax, leather and bone.

Quick Test 4: From our surrounding

1. An animal that gives you egg. ___________

2. An animal that gives you egg and meat. ___________

70 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Wool
Wool of some animals like sheep, rabbit etc. is used for making
woolen clothes.

Silkworm is a kind of insect which makes silk. Silk is used for
making silk clothes.

Honey and wax
Honey and wax are made by honeybee. We use honey in our
food. Wax is used for making candles.

Skin and bone
Skin of dead animals is used for making leather. Leather is used
for making shoe, bag, belts.

MY WAY 71
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Did YOU know ?

The elephant is the
biggest animal on the
land. It is herbivorous.

Ox helps us to plough our field.
Manures of cow, buffalo are used as fertilizer in field.

Bones of dead animals are used for making buttons.

We keep some animals like dog, cat and rabbit in our home as
pet. They provide good company. These home kept animals are
known as pet animals.

Some animals like donkey, horse, camel are used as means of
transportation. They also help us to carry our loads.

72 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 5: From our surrounding

Animals are useful in many ways. Complete the
following table.

Animals.................... ....For........... Other examples

Sheep wool Yak
.................. meat ..................

Work Further K
C
Do the following activities :
K
1. Answer the following questions.
a. List the things that we get from animals.
b. Write the names of three medicinal plants.
c. What are the foods we get from plants ?
d. How do animals depend on plants ?
e. How do animals help us ?
2. Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
vitamin / silk / diseases / transportation / bones
a. Camels are used as means of ………………
b. …......... of dead animals are used for making buttons.
c. ………………… is used for making silk clothes.
d. Medicinal plants help us to cure many ………...……..
e. Vegetables are rich in ……, minerals and carbohydrate.

MY WAY 73
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

My way of doing science Ap

You enjoy picnic program with your friend or with your
family. People make different types of foods to eat together
in the picnic. They also use different things. Celebrate the
picnic program with your friend along with your teacher.
Also list out the food items you made and things you used.
Also categorize them as animal product or plant product.

Foods or things Animal product Plant product

Fun Science

Colour the following diagram.

74 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

5UNIT

THE WEATHER AND WATER

Unit Highlights

You are going to learn about
Windy Day
• Air
• Atmosphere
• Storm
Cold Day
• Different seasons
• Days in winter
• Winter can harm us
• Animal migration in winter
• Ice
• Water
• Water vapour
• Water resources
• Water cycle
• Use of water

Visit : www.symphonypub.com for further learning 75

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Windy Day

7

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can enjoy flying kite in windy day. You
 explain about air and atmosphere. can keep yourselves safe within house in
 list the use of air. storm.

Wind in agriculture harvest

Farmers separate husk
from paddy with the
help of wind. Therefore,
wind is helpful to our
farmers. Wind also
helps in pollination of
plants.

Have you seen people winding paddy ?
_______________________________________________
Write any two other uses of wind.
_______________________________________________
Is there any game to enjoy with wind in your locality ?
_______________________________________________

76 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Air

Air is everywhere. We cannot
see air but we can feel it. When
air moves slowly we call it wind
or breeze. During day time when
sun shines brightly, it heats the
air. Hot air is lighter than cold Cold air Hot air

air. So heated air moves upward and cold air moves toward that
place. In this way air moves.

We have more windy days in summer than winter. Evening breeze
in summer gives us pleasant feeling but when wind blows in
winter it make us colder.

You can see more kites in sky during afternoon than morning
because wind blows more strongly in afternoon and evening
than in morning.

Quick Test 1: From your game at home

1. Name two things you can fly in air.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

2. Name an instrument to wind in the room in hot day.

_______________________________________________

Safety tips : We should not move out of house in windy day. 77

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Atmosphere
Earth is surrounded by the atmosphere.
Atmosphere is the layer of air. Atmosphere
is more dense and thick near the earth
surface and becames thinner as we go up.
Atmosphere contains different gases like oxygen, carbondioxide,
nitrogen etc. We use oxygen to breath and give out carbon dioxide.

Plants use carbon dioxide to make food
and give out oxygen in presence of
sunlight.
Wind is useful to us. It helps us to dry our clothes. Farmers
use wind for separating husk from rice and wheat. People also
generate electricity using wind turbine.

When fan of wind turbine moves fast along with wind, it can
generate electricity. Moving air can also run wind mill. Wind mills
are also used to generate electricity. When wind moves, it also
spreads seeds of certain plants. These seeds are blown away by
wind to other places where they can germinate to new plants.

78 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

What is Well, I remember..
photosynthesis ? it is food making
process of plant.

Quick Test 2: From your surrounding

1. Write any two uses of wind at your locality.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

2. Name any two gases in atmosphere.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

Storm THINK Critically

Fast moving air is called storm. It Which one is dangerous ?
flows with high speed and produces i. breeze ii. wind iii. storm
sound. Storms are destructive in
nature. Some examples of storm are hurricane, tornadoes and
cyclone etc. Strong storm may blow away tin roofs of houses,
and uproot tree. It can cause the loss of life and property.

So during storm we should Did YOU know ?
stay inside house or stay at
safe place. We should not go Jomsom is the place where there is
outside during storm. strong wind throughout year in Nepal.

MY WAY 79
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 3: From your home and surrounding

1. Name any two things that can be easily shaken by storm.
_______________________________________________
2. Name a safe place to stay in storm.
_______________________________________________

Quick Test 4: All in one

Fill in the blanks.
plants / hurricane / electricity / storm / air
1. ............................ is the mixture of different gases like

oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc.
2. ............................... use carbon dioxide to make food and

give out oxygen.
3. During ..................................... we should stay inside

house or stay at safe place.
4. ……..................…. is a source of storm.
5. People also generate …………..........…. using wind turbine.

Work Further C

Do the following activities :
1. Answer the following questions.
a. How does air move ?
b. In what ways are the wind helpful to us ?
c. Why is it said that storm is harmful ?

80 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

d. How does wind help plants ? C
K
e. What is breeze ?
f. What is atmosphere ?

My way of doing science Ap

Make paper wheels of different size. Face them towards
the wind. Observe which one rotates faster. You can get
help from your teacher or parents.

Fun Science

Make your own paper aeroplane. Take
help from your teacher.

MY WAY 81
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Cold Day

8

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can use hot drink and woolen clothes
 identify cold day. to protect yourself from the cold in cold day.
 list the effect of cold days.
 identify the animal behaviors in cold

day.

Festival in Cold Day
Makar Sankranti is well celebrated
festival in Nepal in winter. On this
occasion people make and eat
boiled sweet potato, Tarul, Chaku
and special Laddu. It is believed
that these foods help us to be safe
and healthy in winter.

Name a festival in your locality that is celebrated in winter.
_______________________________________________
Name any two foods you eat on the occasion.
_______________________________________________
Name any two clothes your wear in winter.
_______________________________________________

82 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Different Seasons THINK Critically

There are four seasons in a year. They Which one of the
are summer, spring, autumn and following is odd ?
winter. Summer is the hottest season i. heater ii. warm clothes
of the year and winter is the coldest iii. fire iv. cold drink

one. During summer, days are longer and nights are shorter. But
in winter, days are shorter and nights are longer.

Quick Test 1: From our surrounding

1. Name the season in which you are reading this chapter
at your school.

_______________________________________________
2. Mention the type of day which you are reading.
_______________________________________________

Days in Winter
In winter, mornings are foggy. So it is difficult to see things at
distance. Sun appears late in the morning. Due to being cold
(low temperature), water vapour freezes and becomes dew. We
can see dew when sky is clear and blue.

Days are colder in mountain and hilly regions. Due to low
temperature rain freezes and comes to ground as snowfall.
Mountains are seen covered with snow. Sometimes lake and
ponds are also covered with snow.

MY WAY 83
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 2: From our surrounding

1. Write the time in a day you see dew.
_______________________________________________
2. Name the month you see snow in the mountain.
_______________________________________________

Winter season can harm us

During winter season our body becomes Did YOU know ?
inactive. Exposure to extreme cold might
result into frost bite on us. Frost bite mainly January is the coldest
month in Nepal.

affects our hands and makes them unable to move. Because of
cold, children usually suffer from common cold. If they are not
taken proper care, they might suffer from pneumonia.

To avoid illness and injuries, we must protect ourselves from
cold. People wear thick woolen clothes. They drink hot beverages.

84 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

They bask themselves in the sun. At night, they either use fire or
electric heaters to keep themselves warm.

Animals migrate in winter
People at mountain region often move to warmer place. During
the winter season, not only human being but also animals take
several steps to protect themselves from cold. Many birds fly to
warmer places. Some animals remain in tree, trunk, holes and
underground places to avoid cold.

Quick Test 3: From our surrounding

1. Name two things you use to protect from cold.
_______________________________________________
2. Name a bird that is normally not seen in your locality in

winter.
_______________________________________________

Good manner: We should switch off light and A.C. when we are out of a room. 85

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 4: All in one

Fill in the blanks.

1. There are four seasons in a year. They are ...........................,
..........................., ............................, and ..............................

2. ............................... is the hottest season of the year and
........................ is the coldest one.

3. In ....................... days are longer and nights are shorter.
While in ................, days are shorter and nights are longer.

4. In ........................... mornings are foggy .
5. During ........................ season our body becomes inactive.

Work Further

Do the following activities : K
C
1. Write true or false. Also correct the false sentences.
a. In the winter mornings, it is easy to see things at

distance due to fog.
b. To avoid illness and injuries, we must protect

ourselves from hot.
c. In winter season mountains are seen covered with

snow.
d. People wear thin woolen clothes in cold days.

2. Answer the following questions.
a. How many seasons are there in a year ? What are

they ?
b. How does snowfall occur ?

86 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

d. When and why do people in mountain move to C
warmer places ?

e. How do animals avoid cold in colder regions ?
c. How can we protect ourselves from cold ?

My way of doing science Ap

If you have A.C. in your classroom, you can feel the cold day.
Close all the windows and door. Switch on the A.C. Set it
to low temperature around 10 degree for few minutes. You
will feel the cold. You need to get help from your teacher to
do this experiment.

Fun Science

Colour the picture and write its name.

MY WAY 87
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

6UNIT Unit Highlights

MATTER You are going to learn
about

Water
• Ice
• Water
• Water vapour
• Water resources
• Water cycle
• Use of water

Matter and Energy
• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
• Solubilty
• Lighter and heavier

substances

Visit : www.symphonypub.com for further learning

88 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Water

9 Why?

What ? You can identify water resources to get wa-
ter for your daily use.
You’ll learn to
 explain about importance of water.
 list 3 states of water.
 explain water cycle.

Water resource in our culture
Have you seen people
celebrating Chhatha ?
On this occasion, sun is
worshipped for peace,
power and prosperity from
near by water resources.
People first take bath in
a special way. Then, they
pray to the god “the sun.”

Name another festival celebrated near water resource
at your locality.
_______________________________________________
Name the biggest water resource at your locality.
_______________________________________________

MY WAY 89
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Water is important for living things

Water is very important for all living things.
Life cannot exist in absence of water. Water
is found in three states solid, liquid and
gas. At low temperature, water freezes
and becomes ice. You can form ice by putting some water in
refrigerator at your home.
Did YOU know ?

Ice There is much rainfall in
Ice is the solid state of water. The process pokhara in our country.

in which water changes into ice is called freezing. Snow, hail,
frost are the solid states of water.

Quick Test 1: From our home
1. Name an instrument used to freeze water at home.
_______________________________________________
2. Name any two solid forms of water.
_______________________________________________

Water
When ice is heated it melts to form water. This process is called
melting. Most of rivers in Nepal are formed by melting of ice of
Himalayas. Water in river, pond, lake and sea are in liquid state.

90 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 2: From our surrounding

1. Name any two places you can see water at your locality.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

Water vapour
When water is heated, it changes into water
vapour. Water vapour is gaseous state
of water. The process of water changing
into vapour is called evaporation. Fog
and clouds contain water in gaseous
state. When water vapour is cooled, it
again changes into water. This process
is called condensation.

The water in the sea and lakes evaporates
due to sun heat. When the water vapour
moves up it gets converted into water
droplets due to cooling. These droplets
precipitate in the form of rain.

Quick Test 3: From your kitchen

Any two processes in kitchen that produce vapour

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

MY WAY 91
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Water resources
Water covers about 70% of earth surface. There are three main
sources of water. They are surface water, underground water
and rain water.

Underground water
Water that is present inside the surface of earth is called
underground water. When rainfall occurs, some seep into the
ground and get stored. This water can be obtained by digging
well, by using tube well, pump set etc.

Well Tube well

Surface water
Water present on the surface of earth is called surface water. Sea
and oceans are large masses of bodies containing water. Water
in large masses like sea and ocean is salty so, ocean water is not
suitable for drinking. River, pond, lake are other examples of surface
water. Water in these places is not salty in taste. Water in river flows
from higher to lower level while water in ponds and lake do not flow.

Quick Test 4: From our surrounding

Name any two sources of surface water in your locality.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

92 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Rain water
Rain is another important source of water. We get rain due to
water cycle.

Water cycle
Due to the heat of sunlight, water from river, pond, lake, seas and
oceans are changed into vapour by evaporation. Water vapour
is lighter so it goes up. The water vapour slowly cools down and
changes into water droplet. Water droplets slowly join together
and form cloud. When cloud becomes heavy it falls as rain.
We usually assume to have rainfall when the sky is covered
with black clouds. Black clouds carry more water droplets
than white clouds. This process of
evaporating water from the surface
to form cloud and fall back as rain is
called water cycle.
Water cycle helps to maintain the
balance of water level in the earth,
almost to the constant level.

Uses of water THINK Critically
Water is used for generating electricity.
Flowing water is powerful enough to Why does black cloud
produce electricity. produce rain ?

MY WAY 93
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Water is also used for drinking, cooking and bathing in our daily
lives.

Quick Test 5: From Yourself

Mention any two uses of water for you.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

Quick Test 6: All in one

Fill in the blanks.

Condensation /water vapour /melting /evaporation /freezing
1. The process in which water changes into ice is called ........
2. When ice is heated, it melts to form water. This process is

called ............................
3. The process of water changing into vapour is called ..........
4. .............................. is gaseous state of water.
5. When water vapour is cooled, it again changes into water.

This process is called .........................................

94 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Work Further

Do the following activities : K
C
1. Answer the following questions. A
a. What is water cycle ?
b. Write any three uses of water in our daily life.
c. What are the main water resources ?
e. What percent of the land is covered with water ?
d. Why is water so important to us ?

2. Differentiate between
a. Melting and evaporation
b. Freezing and condensation
c. Water cycle and rain
d. Underground water and surface water

My way of doing science Ap

Below picture shows different layers of earth surface.
When rain falls, water seeps into the layer and gets stored
and forms underground water. You
can observe this process by making
simple model using plastic bottle.

Instructions:
1. Take transparent bottle and cut its upper half. Fill

small rock pebbles at the bottom of the bottle.
2. After that put some sand and some soil on the topmost.
3. Pour some water and see how water seeps through

these layers, and then observe the bottom of the bottle.

MY WAY 95
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Fun Science

Identify the process represented by letters.

Solid C
Gas B
A

D Liquid

A ……………………………………. B …………………………………….
C ……………………………………. D …………………………………….

96 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Matter and Energy

10

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can dissolve the required amount of
salt or sugar to make your soup tasty. These
 identify the shape of objects. substances are soluble in water.
 list three states of subtances.
 identify light and heavy objects.
 identify soluble and insoluble substances

using water.

Food material in our eating - culture
We enjoy eating different types
food. Daal, Bhat, Tarkari is our
famous dish to eat almost
everyday. We prefer eating salty
food mostly in our culture. We also
use sugar in some of our food items
like milk and ricepudding. Rice is in

solid form. Daal, milk and soup are in liquid form. You might
also have seen vapour coming out from hot daal or milk.

What have you eaten today ?
_______________________________________________
Write any two food items in solid form.
_______________________________________________
Write any two food items in liquid form.
_______________________________________________

MY WAY 97
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

There are different kinds of things around us. These are called
the matter. The cloths you wear is matter. The liquid you drink
is matter and the air you breathe is also matter. They occupy
space and possess mass and weight. All the matters have three
different states. They are solid, liquid and gas.

Solid
All solid substances have fixed shape and volume. Books, chair,
coin, wood are some examples of solid. What is the shape of
your book? It is rectangular in shape. Can you name the shape
of the following substances ?

.............................. .............................. ..............................

Quick Test 1: From your home and surrounding

Name a solid object with the following shapes.
a. Rectangular _____________ c. Cone ________________
b. Spherical _______________ d. Cylindrical ___________

Liquid Did YOU know ?
A liquid substance does not have fixed
Camphor directly
converts into gas from
shape and form. It takes the shape and its solid state.
form of the container in which liquid is
kept or poured. But liquids have fixed volume. Water, milk, juice
and perfume are some of the examples of liquid.

98 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Liquid substances have property
of flowing from higher to lower
level. Have you seen water
coming out from tap which is
joined to tank at the top of your
home? All rivers also flow from
mountains to plain region.

Can you name a Oh yes..it
river that flows near is……………..river.

your locality?

Quick Test 2: From drinking habit

1. Any two drinks suitable to our health

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

2. Any two drinks unsuitable for our health

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

Gas
Some substances are in gaseous state. Air and water vapour
are some examples of gaseous state. Gas does not have fixed
shape and volume.

MY WAY 99
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3