My Way Science Health and Physical Education 3

Health is our biggest wealth. A healthy person is a happy
person.He can perform his work better than unhealthy person.
Whenever we feel ill, we should always try to get better
treatment. Treatment helps us to cure our illness. There
are various places from where we can get treatment. These
places are called health services. Depending upon the facility
provided, health services can be categorized as health post,
clinics, hospital and nursing homes.

Health post
Nepal is a developing country. We have more villages than
cities. Health posts are situated in every village. Health posts
provide basic treatment. They are usually run by trained Health
Assistants (H.A). These health workers provide treatment to
minor health problems.

Have you heard advertisement about Did YOU know ?
polio campaign and different kinds
of vaccination on Radio or TV ? Bidyawati, Radhadevi,
Dharmadevi are the
first nurses in Nepal.

Polio campaign and vaccination programmes are usually
conducted by health post. These help to prevent various kinds of
diseases. Besides these, health posts provide basic treatment
to minor injuries and simple illnes like cold, fever, dysentery etc.

150 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 1: From your locality
1. Name a health post at your locality.
_______________________________________________
2. Where had you gone to get polio-vaccine ?
_______________________________________________

Clinic
Clinics are run by private sector. Clinics are smaller than
hospitals. They are usually run by one doctor or many doctors.
Clinics cannot provide treatment to all kinds diseases .They
only provide treatment to specific health problem. For example:
dental clinic only treats the problem related to teeth while eye
clinic provides treatment to eye diseases only.

Most clinics are located at developed city area. We hardly see
clinics in village. Even though we get faster treatment at clinics,
they are rather expensive.

Quick Test 2: From your locality
1. Name a clinic you have seen _______________________
2. Types of treatment available there __________________

MY WAY 151
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Hospital and nursing home

Hospitals are mostly situated at district headquarters. Hospitals
are bigger than health post and clinic. They also provide treatment
to various kinds of diseases. There
are many well trained doctors and THINK Critically

nurses. They can provide treatment A person has broken his leg.
to many people at the same time. Suggest, which one of the
Hospitals are also well equipped following is proper place to
provide treatment.
compared to other health services. i. Health Post ii. Clinics
So they can treat serious diseases. iii. Hospital

Some hospitals are run by government while others are run by private
sector. Some hospitals are general hospitals. They provide treatment
to all kinds of health related problems. Bir Hospital, Teaching Hospital,
Manipal Hospital are general hospitals in our country.

Some hospitals are of specific type. They only deal with specific
health problems. For example: Bharatpur Cancer Hospital,
Chitwan gives treatment to only cancer patients. Similarly,
Tilganga Eye Hospital is for eyes patients only, Neuro Hospital
for nervous system and Sahid Gangalal National Heart Centre
for patients heart disease.

152 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Main purpose of all kinds of health services is to make us healthy
and cure our diseases. Whether our illness is minor or major ,
we should always seek treatment. Always remember if we treat
our health problem as soon as possible, it prevents to develop
into serious health problem. Therefore, prevention is better than
cure.

Quick Test 3: From your home and surrounding

1. Name a hospital near your home.
_______________________________________________
2. Write the name of a doctor whom you have visited recently.
_______________________________________________

Quick Test 4: All in one

Fill in the blanks.

health posts / basic treatment / hospitals / doctors and nurse
/ diseases / well equipped

1. ............................... are situated in every village.
2. Health posts provide ...............................................
3. Clinics are smaller than ..................................
4. There are many well trained ....................................... in

hospitals.
5. Hospitals are also ......................................... compared to

other health services.
6. Main purpose of all kinds of health services is to make us

healthy and cure our .................................

MY WAY 153
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Work Further

Do the following activities : K

1. True or false ? Correct the false statements. K
a. A healthy person is a sad person. C
b. Various places from where we can get treatment A

are called health services. Ap
c. Health posts provide advanced treatment.
d. Clinics are bigger than hospitals.
e. There are many well-trained teachers in hospitals.

2. Answer the following questions.
a. What do you understand by health service?
b. When do we visit hospital ?
c. What kind of health service is provided by-
i. Health post ii. Hospitals
d. How are the hospitals different from clinic ?
e. List the types of treatment available in a hospital

near your home.

My way of doing science Ap

Visit your locality and write the name of health service
available there. Also write the names of health workers there.

Fun Science

Draw a picture of one health service present
in your locality and show it to your teacher.

154 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Personal Hygiene

18

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to By keeping your body clean, you can grow
healthier and become smart.
 list things needed to keep body clean.
 wash your different body part.
 separate clean cloths and dirty cloths.

Science in Our Way of Life
Traditionally people in Nepal used
wooden ash and water to wash
their hands and body. They even
used little amount of wooden ash
to boil the water. It was believed
that ash water can kill germs and
keep us away from diseases.

These days there are different types of soap. You can use
them for washing purpose.

Name a thing like ash that people use in washing at home.
_______________________________________________
What do you use to wash your hands at home ?
_______________________________________________
How often do you take bath ?
_______________________________________________

MY WAY 155
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Cleaning and grooming of external part of our body is called
personal hygiene. Personal hygiene helps us to lead a healthy
life. It also protects us from diseases and illness.

Which one would you like to be friend with?
Each part of our body has different function. If we keep them
neat and clean, they can perform their works more properly.
Here are some of the ways for taking care of our body.
Taking care of skin
Skin is the outermost covering of
our body. Bathing helps us to keep
our skin clean. We must take bath
regularly using soap and water.
Dirty skin carries germ which can
cause different diseases like scabies,
itching etc.
Taking care of hair
We must wash our hair with soap or shampoo regularly. We must
trim our hair from time to time. We should use our own brush to
comb our hair. We should put oil on hair.
Dirty and unmanaged hair easily gets lice. Lice suck our blood
from head. To avoid lice, we should keep our hair neat and clean.

156 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 1: From your surrounding

1. Name two things you use to wash your skin.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

2. What do you use to wash your hands at school?

_______________________________________________

3. How often do you wash your face?

_______________________________________________

Caring ears
Ear is very important part of our body. It helps us to hear. If you have
any problem with ears, you should visit a doctor as soon as possible.
We should not put water in ear. We must not poke it with sharp
objects. We must use soft cotton ear bud to clean our ears. As you
are still small, you must ask your elder to help you to clean your ear.

Caring eyes 157
Eyes help us to see things.

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

We should not see the sun directly. It can damage your eye sight.
We should always read in proper light. If we have any problem
related to eyes, we must seek treatment as soon as possible.
We must have eye check ups regularly to avoid any kind of eye
diseases. We should not watch television from near and we
should not play with computer a lot.

Wrong way Right way

Taking care of nose
Nose helps us to smell things. We should not put our finger in
nose. We can use soft handkerchief to clean our nose. We must
cover our nose while sneezing, otherwise it can spread germ.
We can use mask while walking in polluted area.

158 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 2: From your home

1. Do you watch television every day ?
_______________________________________________
2. What distance do you maintain between television and

you while watching it ?
_______________________________________________

Taking care of teeth and tongue
Teeth help us to chew our food. If food remains in our teeth for a
long time, it develops germ that can cause tooth decay. So we must
brush our teeth every morning and before going to bed. After having
food or any sweet things, we must rinse our mouth with clean water.

If we have teeth decay or any problem related to teeth, we must
visit dentist. It is advised to visit dentist
every six month. We can clean our tongue Did YOU know ?

with tongue cleaner. Many children in Nepal
suffer from Diarrhoea,
simply because they
Taking care of hand and nails do not wash hands
We play, eat and write with our hand. So properly with soap.
hands can carry germ very easily. If these
germs enter our body we may suffer from different diseases. So
we should wash our hand with soap and water to keep it clean.
Always remember to wash your hands before touching or eating
your food and after using toilets.

Health tips : Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

MY WAY 159
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

We must keep our nails trimmed and clean. Long nails carry
dust and germ with them. Do not bite your nail. Always cut them
with nail cutter.

Taking care of feet THINK Critically
Feet help us to walk and play. We should
wash our feet every day. Find out the odd one :
i. itching ii. lice
iii. scabies iv. soap

If you go bare feet outside and play, you may get hurt. So, always
wear shoes.

Quick Test 3: From your home
1. Name a thing that you put on your leg while going to toilet.
_______________________________________________
2. Name a thing used to trim your nail.
_______________________________________________

160 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Proper clothing

Summer clothes Winter clothes

We wear cloth to cover our body. We should always wear neat
and clean clothes. Clothes help us to protect our body from heat
and cold. So we should wear clothes depending on season.

During hot seasons we should wear thin and cotton clothes.
Cotton clothes help to absorb sweat from our body.

During cold season, we should wear woolen clothes. They keep
us warm. If we do not wear proper clothes during winter we may
get common cold and pneumonia due to cold.

Importance of rest, sleep and exercise
Extreme work can make us seriously ill. We must take rest from
time to time. Our body needs at least 8-10 hours sleep. So we
should not compromise with our sleep. If we sleep properly, we
feel fresh and active in the morning.
We should also do exercise every day. It helps us to be active and
fit. Physical exercise like morning walk, jogging, yoga keep us fit.

MY WAY 161
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Playing different types of sports like football, basketball,
volleyball, swimming also help us to be healthy.
What are you going to play today ?

Quick Test 4: From your habit

1. Name a game you mostly play ______________________
2. Dresses you mostly wear at home ___________________

Quick Test 5: All in one

Fill in the blanks.

teeth / bathing / soft cotton / nose / soap

1. ......................... helps us to keep our skin clean.
2. We must use .............................ear bud to clean our ear.
3. ......................... helps us to smell thing.
4. ............................. help us to chew our food.
5. We should wash our hand with ...................... and water to

keep it clean.

Work Further

Do the following activities : K

1. True or false ? Correct the false statements.
a. To avoid lice, we must keep our hair dirty.
b. We should watch television from very near.
c. After having food or any sweet thing we must clean

our mouth with clean water.
d. Clothes help us to protect our body from heat and cold.

162 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

2. Answer the following questions.

a. What is the importance of rest, sleep and exercise ? C
b. How can you take care of your hair ? Explain. K
c. How can you take care of your eyes ? Explain .
Ap
d. What do you mean by personal cleanliness ?

e. Write down the name of things you have used to
keep your body part clean today.

My body parts Things I use
My hair
Nails
Body
Eyes
Ear

My way of doing science Ap

Inspect nails of your friend. Find students with long nails.
Help them to trim nail with the help of nail cutter.

Fun Science

Draw pictures of different things that help
to maintain our personal hygiene. Colour it.

MY WAY 163
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Nutritious Food

19

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can choose to have balanced diet in dif-
ferent forms every day at home.
 identify energy giving food.
 identify protective food.
 identify body building food.

Science in your festival
We eat different types of special
food on the occasion of different
festivals. “Maghe Sankranti” is
a well known festival in Nepal.
People make different dishes
like boiled sweet potatoes, ghee,
laddu and chaku on this occasion.

These food items are rich in protein and carbohydrate.

Name a festival you celebrate in your locality.
_______________________________________________
Name two food items that are made at your home in the
festival.
_______________________________________________
Name any three food items commonly eaten at your home.
_______________________________________________

164 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

We cannot live without food. Foods give us energy to work, play
and read. Food consists of essential things needed for our
body. These essential things are called nutrients. Food consists
of various types of nutrients such as carbohydrate, protein,
vitamins and minerals. These nutrients not only help us to grow
but also protect us from diseases and illness.
Depending upon the function of food, it can be divided into
different types. They are energy giving food, protective food and
body building food.

Energy giving food
Some food items like rice, potatoes, wheat, millet give us energy
to work and play. These are called energy giving food. They are
rich in carbohydrate.

Have you ever drunk glucose after playing ? Glucose also
contains carbohydrate. But we should not eat too much
carbohydrate. It can make us fat and also can cause
diabetes.

Protective food
Some food items like cabbage, carrot, green leafy vegetable,
fruits protect us from diseases. These are called protective food.
They contain nutrients like vitamins and minerals.

MY WAY 165
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Green leafy vegetables contain vitamin A which is necessary
for our eyes. So always eat a lot of green vegetables. Without
protective food we may suffer from diseases like anaemia, night
blindness.

Quick Test 1: From your habit

1. What have you eaten today ?

_______________________________________________

2. Write any two energy giving foods you have at your kitchen.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

Body building food Did YOU know ?

Some foods like milk, meat, fish, beans, Small fishes have more
ghee help our body to grow. These are protein in their body
called body building food. They contain than big fishes.

nutrients called protein. Protein helps us to heal our wound and
injuries by forming new cells.

166 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Fats and oils
Fats and oils are also important for our body. They provide energy
and also help us to keep our body warm. Ghee, butter, cheese
are the fats we obtain from animals. Sunflower oil and soyabean
oil are obtained from plants.

Too much fat and oil are not good for our body. It can cause
heart diseases. So we should take them in small amount.

Quick Test 2: From your farm and surrounding

1. Write name of a protective food in your surrounding.
_______________________________________________
2. Write the name of a body building food obtained from animal.
_______________________________________________

Water THINK Critically
We cannot live without water. Water
helps food to reach different parts Our food must contain all
of body and also helps to maintain energy giving, protective and
body temperature (heat). Water body building food items.
also helps us to digest our food. It In a particular day, Samual
takes out harmful things from our has eaten bread, carrot and
body in the form of sweat and urine. butter. Find what Samual
has to eat to complete the
MY WAY food package that day.
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3
167

We should drink sufficient water. Drinking water must be clean
and pure.

Proper food habits
Good eating habits make us healthy and strong. Eating too much
food can make us fat and lazy and eating too little makes us
weak and tired. So we must eat in proper way at proper time.

We should always chew our food properly. We should not talk
while eating. We should always eat from our own plate. We
should not throw our food.
Food we eat must be fresh and clean.
Stale food can make us ill. We should
not eat uncovered food as flies can
leave germ in them.
We can keep vegetables and food
fresh by keeping in cold places like
refrigerators.

168 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

We should not eat street food as they contain dust. They are
not healthy food. We should not also eat junk food like noodles,
chocolates, potato chips as these food do not contain required
nutrients. They are good to taste but not healthy for our body.

Quick Test 3: From your farm and surrounding

1. How many glasses of water you drink in a day ?
_______________________________________________
2. What do you eat on your tiffin time ?
_______________________________________________
3. Do you eat street food ?
_______________________________________________

Quick Test 4: All in one

Fill in the blanks.
food / water / body building food / protective foods
1. ..................... contain nutrients like vitamins and minerals.
2. We must eat fresh and clean …………………........…………….
3. We cannot live without food and …….........…………………….
4. ......................................... contain nutrients called protein.

MY WAY 169
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Work Further

Do the following activities :

1. Write true of false. Correct the false statements. K
K
a. Those foods that protect us from diseases are
called energy giving food. Ap

b. Cabbage, carrot, green leafy vegetable, fruits are
protective food.

c. Those foods that help our body to grow are called
protective food.

d. Fats and oils provide energy and also help us to
keep our body warm.

e. We should always chew our food properly.
2. Answer the following questions.

a. Why do we need food ?
b. What is the importance of energy giving food ?
c. Name two foods that protect us from diseases.
d. Why should we not eat stale food ?
3. Make a list of foods you ate last week and

categorize them as protective food, energy
giving food and body building food .

Day Protective Energy Body
food giving food building food
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday

170 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

My way of doing science Ap

1. Record the no. of glasses of water you drink in a day.
a. Keep this record at a day in summer and a day in
winter.

2. Make your own food item that contains all types of
food which are locally available in your community.

Fun Science

Complete the dotted picture and colour it.
Also complete the given phrases.

…………………………..food. …………………………..food.

MY WAY 171
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Diseases And
Their Prevention
20

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You may be able to identify the diseases by
 list the symptoms of communicable observing its symptoms. It helps to care pa-
tient before visiting doctor.
diseases
 name few non–communicable diseases
 simple preventive method of controlling

diseases.

Child vacination programme
Small children are vaccinated to
increase the immune system in their
body. Child vaccination program is
available throughout our nation. These
vaccines make your immune system
strong to fight against diseases. You

can also see the mark of BCG vaccine on your right arm.
Do you have BCG vaccine mark on your right arm ?
_______________________________________________
What fights against diseases in our body ?
_______________________________________________
Have you seen vaccination program at your locality ?
_______________________________________________

Health tips : We should put safety masks while visiting hospital.

172 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Healthy person can perform all his work properly. Sometimes we
feel uneasy. We do not like to play and eat. That time we say we
are sick. We may also suffer from disease. During this time we
take medicine, take proper rest, and eat healthy and hygienic
food. Slowly we will recover from sickness and become healthy
once again.

There are different types of diseases which affect our health.
Some diseases are minor and curable while others are serious
and incurable. On the basis of transferring capacity, diseases
are divided into two types. They are Communicable diseases
and Non- communicable diseases.

Quick Test 1: From yourself

Fever is common to young children
1. Have you got fever in recent past days ?
_______________________________________________
2. How long did you take rest ?
_______________________________________________
3. Did you use medicine ?
_______________________________________________

Communicable diseases
Have you ever realized ? When you play with a friend having
common cold, you may also suffer from common cold. It is
because common cold is a communicable disease.
Diseases that can easily transfer from one person to other
persons are called communicable disease. Germs and virus are
the main causes of communicable diseases. Germ and virus are

MY WAY 173
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

tiny living things which cannot be seen with naked eyes. They
usually transfer diseases through cough, sneeze, urine, spit etc.
Some communicable diseases are common cold, conjunctivitis,
diarrhoea etc.

Common cold
Common cold is caused by virus. A
person having common cold suffer from
headache and running nose. He may feel
pain all over his body. He finds difficulty in breathing. If common
cold is not treated properly, person may suffer from high fever
which may lead to other serious diseases like pneumonia.
To avoid common cold
We must cover our mouth and nose while sneezing.
We must maintain distance with a person having common cold.
We must eat healthy food and drink boiled and filtered water.
We must have medicine properly and relax.

Eye disease
When person is suffering from eye
disease he feels itching and burning
sensation in his eye. That person’s eyes
look maze pink or reddish in colour. This
disease is called conjunctivitis.
To avoid conjunctivitis:
We must clean our eyes with clean and cold water.
We must not play in dust and dirt.
We must see doctor and take medicine.

174 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Diarrhoea
Person suffering from diarrhoea have stomach pain, watery stool
and vomiting. This disease is mainly caused by drinking impure
dirty water and having stale and unhygienic food. Usually flies
carry germs from dirty thing and transfer to our food.

To avoid diarrhoea Did YOU know ?
We must keep our food covered. We must
eat fresh food and avoid street food. We Approximately 8 million
must wash our hand before having food. people die of Cancer
each year in the world.

(We must keep our nails clean and short as long nail carry
dirt which can cause diarrhoea.) Some other communicable
diseases are scabies, malaria, cholera, plague etc.

Quick Test 2: From your family

Write a way you adopt to get rid of following diseases at your
home.
1. Common cold _________________________________
2. Eye diseases _________________________________
3. Diarrhoea _________________________________

Non-communicable disease

Some diseases do not transfer from THINK Critically
one person to other person. These are
Suggest ways how
called non- communicable diseases. Diarrhoea is different
Diabetes, cancer, tumor, migraine from Common cold and
(headache), blindness are some Eye disease.

examples. These are either cause by germ (or virus) or disorder

MY WAY 175
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

in body parts. Most of the non-communicable diseases are
difficult to cure.
To avoid non-communicable diseases :
We need to improve our habits.
We must eat nutritious food. We must not consume tobacco,
alcohol. We must adopt healthy life style i.e. eating properly,
doing exercises, keeping personal hygiene and taking proper
rest.

Quick Test 3: From your locality
Have you noticed person with the following non communicable
disease?
1. Person with diabetes ___________________________
2. Person with leg fracture ___________________________
3. Person with blindness ___________________________

Quick Test 4: All in one

Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
communicable disease / itching / healthy / medicine
1. ………............….. person can perform all his work properly.
2. When we become sick we take …......................………, take

proper rest and also eat healthy food.
3. Germs and virus are the main reason for ………..........…….
4. When person is sufferings from eye disease he feels

............…………. and burning sensation in his eye.

176 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Work Further

Do the following activities : K

1. Write true or false. Correct the false sentences. K
A
a. Some diseases are minor and incurable while C
some others are serious and curable.
Ap
b. Diseases which can easily transfer from one person to
other person are called non-communicable disease.

c. Germ and virus are large living things which can be
seen with naked eyes.

d. Common cold is caused by virus.
e. Bees are responsible for transfer of diarrhoea.

2. Answer the following questions.

a. Write the types of diseases with one example of each.
b. What is conjunctivitis ?
c. Write the symptoms of diarrhoea.

d. What happens when common cold is not treated
properly ?

e. What are non-communicable diseases ? Give any
two examples of non-communicable diseases.

2. Write a report on one disease you suffered
from recently with the help of the following
hints.

Name of disease: …….......................................…...…
Communicable/non-communicable: .………………….

………............................................................................
Name of health services you visit : . ...……………………

MY WAY 177
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

No. of days you take rest : .....………………………....……
Name of the medicine you take : ..….…………………… Ap

My way of doing science Ap

Observe your friend suffering from:

1. Common cold
Name ..............................................................................
2. Eye disease
Name ..............................................................................

Fun Science

Draw a picture of a syringe and needle,
then colour it .

178 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Safety And First Aid

21

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can keep yourself safe by following the
 apply the safety rules at home, road safety rule.

and playground.
 provide the first aid to some minor accident.

Science in game dress
Do you like cricket game? Have
you watched it live on television?
You must have noticed the dress
of the batsman. The batsman
wears special cap on head that
surrounds all the face. The players

also wear some special cloths throughout the body. These
dresses help not to get hurt while batting the cricket ball.

Name a thing that goalkeeper uses to be safe from
moving ball.
_______________________________________________
Name a thing that players use to keep foot safe during
football.
_______________________________________________
What do you do to save your eye while in wind ?
_______________________________________________

MY WAY 179
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

We may get hurt sometimes while playing or working. We also
get burn while using fire. These are called accidents. Accident
occurs due to our carelessness. Some accidents are simple
which can be treated easily while some are serious which can
also take our life. Most accidents can be avoided by following
simple safety rules.
Safety rules for different places are given below.

At home
We have to be very careful of avoiding an accident inside or
outside our home. We should not run down staircase. We should
not play with sharp things like knife, khukuri, otherwise we may
get cut. We should not play with gas stove or matchstick. We
may get burn. We should not touch electrical appliances like
fan, TV, switches with wet hand. We may get shock.

Do not play with knife Stay away from fire Do not touch switches

We should also put our things at proper place. By doing this we
can avoid tripping over them and falling.

Quick Test 1: At your home

Write the name of any three places at your home where you

have to be careful to avoid accident.

a. ...................... b. ...................... c. ......................

180 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

At playground
We all love to play different games. But always remember to
follow safety rule at playground to avoid accident. We should
not fight with our friends. We should always wait for our turn.
Always wear shoes while playing. Glass pieces, nail, stone, pins
can hurt you if you play barefoot. Always follow game rules.

Quick Test 2: In your school ground

Write any 3 things that should be removed from your school

ground.

a. ...................... b. ...................... c. ......................

At road
You must have heard about road accidents in television and
radio. Road accidents are usually serious and can cause loss of
life. So we should be very careful at road. We should use a zebra
crossing to cross road. Never get on and get off from running
vehicles. If sky bridges are present, always cross the road from
sky bridge.

Wait for green signal to cross road. 181

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

At swimming pool and river
We should go for swimming only when
we know how to swim, otherwise we
might be drown. Never go swimming
in deep river or pond. We should
always swim only when we are with
our elder person. We should also use
rubber ring filled with air.

Quick Test 3: At our swimming pool

Name two things that should be used while swimming.

a. ...................... b. ...................... c. ......................

First aid
If we are not careful we may get hurt. We should not panic at
that time, and we should get first aid as soon as possible.
First aid is a help given to injured person before seeing doctor.
We must have first aid box at our home. This box consists of
cotton, bandage, scissors, handiplast, dettol and some other
medicines for headache and fever.

First aid box has red plus sign (+) on it. This box provides us
basic treatment when we are injured.

182 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Some of the basic treatments given Did YOU know ?
to minor injuries are described below.
Every year approximately 1.3
milion people die as a result
Cut of road traffic accident (RTA)
in the world.
If we are not careful while using knife
or any sharp object, it may cut us. We may fall while playing
sometime. We should wash our wound with clean water and put
dettol on it.

If we have simple cut we can put handiplast on it. If we have major
cut or wound we should go to nearest health post or hospital, as
continuous bleeding causes loss of blood from our body.

Burn
Fire, hot iron and hot substance can
burn our skin. We must put clean and
cold water around the injured part
continuously until we feel less pain.
We should not tie any clothes around
burnt parts. If it is serious we should
go to hospital immediately.

Nose bleeding
When blood comes continuously from nose, it is called nose
bleeding. During nose bleeding we should keep our head up. We

MY WAY 183
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 4: From your home

1. Name any two things in First aid box at your home.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

2. Name any two things that can cause burning at your home.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

can put cotton in nostrils to stops bleeding. We should breathe
through our mouth. If it does not stop after few minutes then we
should visit nearest health centres immediately.

Nobody knows when accident occurs. It can cause anytime and
anywhere. So we must always follow safety rules to minimize
accident. If accident occurs, we should always try to get treatment
immediately. Besides this, if we
see injured person we must help THINK Critically
that person if we can, otherwise
we should inform the elder person Find out the odd things in the
immediately. following group of things.
i. First aid box ii. Match box
iii. Broken glass iv. Knife

Quick Test 5: At your home

Name any two things at your home that can be used to stop

nose bleeding.

a. ___________________ b. ___________________

184 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 6: All in one

Fill in the blanks with the words given below.

1. We spend most of our time at ......................
2. We stay safe if we follow the game .......................
3. First aid is given before seeing the ..........................
4. We do not know when ............................. occur.
5. We may need to visit doctor after ..................................

Work Further

Do the following activities : K
C
1. Answer the questions given below.
A
a. What is first aid ?
b. What are the things we find in the first aid box ?
c. Write the safety rules to follow in the playground.
d. How can you avoid burning ?
e. What should we do when we get burn ?

2. Choose the correct option to answer the
following questions.

a. Which is not an accident ?
i. We get hurt while playing or working.
ii. We get burn while using fire.
iii. We get suck when we touch electric devices.
iv. We meet friends incidentally.
b. Accident occurs due to
i. Carelessness ii. Seriousness
iii. When following simple safety rules iv. Happiness

MY WAY 185
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

c. We spend most of our time at A
i. home ii. school iii. tree iv. hospital
d. Which of the following does not match with each other ?
i. We should not run down staircase - we get hurt.
ii. We should not play with sharp things like knife,
khukuri we may get cut.
iii. We should not play with gas stove, matchstick - we
may get burn.
iv. We should not touch electrical appliances like TV
switches with wet hand - we may get laughed.
e. Always remember to follow safety rule at playground

to avoid
i. illness ii. accident iii. laziness iv. sleepiness

My way of doing science Ap

Open the first aid box at your school. FInd out the medicines
there. Check the expiry date of these medicines. If they are
out of date, then replace them with new ones.

Fun Science

Draw the traffic light and colour it.

186 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Tabacco And Drug

22

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can convince your friend or elders
 list the effect of smooking, alcoholism about the danger of abuse of drug, smoking,
and alcoholism.
and drug abuse.

Cancer causes many deaths in Nepal
Many people die due to cancer in Nepal
each year. This is ever increasing in
trend. Currently about 20,000 patients
die due to cancer in Nepal each year.
The main cause of this disease is yet
to be known. However, researchers

believe that the disease is mainly caused by excessive use
of alcohol, pesticide, pollution and tobacco. They suggest to
improve the food habit and do regular exercise to prevent
this disease.

Write any two causes of cancer.
_____________________ _____________________
Have you seen cancer patient in film or TV program ?
______________________________________________
Write an anti tobacco slogan.
______________________________________________

MY WAY 187
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

What do we do every day ? We play and read. We eat our foods
and visit different places. These are good habits. Habits are
the things which we do repeatedly. Some habits are bad. They
are: smooking, drinking alcohol and abuse of drugs. Bad habits
deteriorate our health, prestige and creativity. Bad habits are the
main cause of fighting, theft, depression and unhealthy living
which damage the quality of life and put us to untimely death.

People become habituated and later addicted to smoking, drug
and alcoholism due to different reasons. Mostly, it starts at the
stage of adolescence. And later it will be difficult to quit them.
But it is always a good idea to be far from these bad habits than
trying to prevent them after being addicted with them.

Quick Test 1: About yourself

Write any two ................................ ................................
a. Good habits ................................ ................................
b. Bad habits

Smoking Did YOU know ?

Using tobacco in any form is known as Nicotine is an addictive
smoking. It is a bad habit. It degrades drug found in tobacco.

the health. It even affects others nearby who are non-smokers.
People use tobacco in different forms like cigar, hokkas, kretak,

188 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Smooking is bad So, stop
for health. smooking.

tobacco packet. They cause mouth cancer, lungs diseases, blood
pressure, heart attack and asthma. Many people die untimely
every year in the world due to use of tobacco products.
Teenagers start smooking as fun and entertainment due to peer
pressure. Later, they become addicted to it. Some children start
it when they see their seniors smoking. Attractive advertisement
also lures people to smoking.
You should avoid your bad company because they can force you
to smoke. There should not be advertisement to promote tobacco
use in the media and film. We also should educate people about
its adverse effects.

Quick Test 2: From your locality

1. Write an anti-tobacco slogan that you have seen in your locality.
_______________________________________________
2. Name any two diseases caused by tobacco in people at

your locality.
_______________________________________________

MY WAY 189
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Alcohol

Rum, Beer, Wine, Whisky contain alcohol. They are also
known as alcoholic drink. Use of the drinks is bad habit which
is also known as alcoholism. One who drinks alcohol is called
a drunkard. Many people die untimely due to consumption of
alcohol every year in the world.
Consumption of alcohol causes stomach and
intestine diseases, heart attack, liver diseases
and blood pressure. It instantly makes a
drunkard uncontrolled and triggers into brutal
fight or action resulting in violent activities.
You should not drink alcohol. You should quit those friends who
force you to drink it. Many people start to use it thinking that it
entertains. But it is not true, rather it makes the user violent and
uncontrolled. In some cultures and celebrations, people use
alcohol which may later convert into habit. We should educate
people about the adverse effect of alcoholism. Government
should ban the production and sell of alcoholic drink.

Quick Test 3: From our health concern
1. Write a slogan against alcoholism.
_______________________________________________
2. Name any two diseases caused by alcoholism.
_______________________________________________

190 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Drugs THINK Critically

Drugs are useful to cure our diseases Which one of the
when used under recommendation following is odd ?
of doctor. Unauthorized use of these i. cigar ii. hokkas
drugs is called abuse of drug which iii. kretak iv. wine

can be converted into addiction. Once a person is addicted, it is
very hard to get rid of it.

Heroine, brown sugar, opium, cocaine are non-medicinal drugs
which strongly intoxicate the user. Addicted people are under
high risk of HIV-AIDS, hepatitis and other diseases. We should
not abuse drugs. You should stay away from the drug abusers.

Quick Test 4: From our health concern

1. Write a slogan against drug abuse.
_______________________________________________
2. Write name of any two non-medical drugs.
_______________________________________________

Quick Test 5: All in one

Fill in the blanks with the words given below.

smooking / drunkard / peer pressure / drugs

1. ………… are useful to cure our diseases when used under
recommendation of doctor.

2. One who drinks alcohol is called ………….
3. Teenagers start smooking as fun and entertainment due

to …………….
4. Using tobacco in any form is known as …………………

MY WAY 191
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Work Further

Do the following activities : C
K
1. Answer the following questions. K

a. What are the main causes of alcoholism ?
b. How can we help people stop smoking ?
d. What influences teenager to start using tobacco ?

e. What are the diseases caused by the use of alcohol ?
c. Write adverse effect of the use of drug.

2. Write true or false. Correct the false sentences.

a. It is good to drink alcohol.
b. Smoking is harmful only for teenager.
c. Addicted people are creative.
d. Tobacco can cause mouth cancer.
e. Drunkards are highly respected in the society.

My way of doing science Ap
Celebrate world anti-smoking day at your school.

Fun Science

Draw and design a board and write
anti-alcoholism slogan. Paste it on the wall of your
classroom.

192 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

UNIT 11 Unit Highlights

PHYSICAL EDUCATION You are going to learn about

Motor Skills
• Walking
• Running
• Jumping
• Skipping

Static Skills
• Body bending and hip rota-

tion
• Flap the legs and head

rotation
• Palm rotation and move-

ment of foot
• Throwing and climbing
Drills and Physical
Training
• Drills
• Attention, stand at ease

and rest
• Cover up
• Physical training
Minor & Local Games
• Chase in chain
• Capture the thief
• Pair chasing
• Dandi and Biyo
• Gatta
• Bagchal
• Ek khutte
Mimicry Games
Ball Games
Gymnastic

Visit : www.symphonypub.com for further learning 193

MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Chapter Motor Skills

23

What ? Why?

You’ll learn to You can move safely in your daily life.
 practice basic motor skills.

Dancing Culture Exercises Us
In our country, there are different types
of cultural dances in different seasons
and festivals. In dance the dancer has
to move all parts of body skillfully. There
are different movements like walking,
running, skipping and jumping along

with the dance. Hence cultural dance gives us good physical
exercise.

Name a cultural dance at your locality.
_______________________________________________
Do you like dance ?
_______________________________________________
Write the basic movement in dancing.
_______________________________________________
How does dance help our body ?
_______________________________________________

194 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

We involve in different activities. We use our different body parts
in motions which are simple as well as complex in nature. The
motion which helps us to cover some distance is also known
as locomotion. Body skills used in locomotion are known as
locomotor skills. The basic locomotor skills we are involved in
everyday life are walking, running, jumping and skipping. These
skills promote power, strength, agility, flexibility, speed and
disciplined work habits.
There are many other activities which we perform without
changing our position. They are bending, stretching, twisting,
turning, lifting and pushing etc. These skills are to develop
endurance, strength and group works.
Before doing any type of physical practice, we need to warm up
our body. Some warm-up exercises are joint rotation, bending of
body, hip rotation and head rotation etc.
Teacher/Instructor should guide them to do properly at least for 10
minutes before main activates. Here we discuss and perform basic
motor skills. They are walking, running, jumping and skipping.

1. Walking

Walking is basic skill. This skill is also basic for running. Hence
students should be instructed to walk properly.
Walking has following steps:
1. Stand straight with head up.

MY WAY 195
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

2. Move your right leg along with left hand forward.
3. Land your foot; touch the ground with the head

and then paw.
4. Move your left leg with right hand and land the

left foot on the ground.
Repeat steps 3 and 4 and walk gently.

Activity 1: Walk along line
Make line using powder or ribbon. Walk along
ribbon from an end to another.

Activity 2: Walk along rectangular track
Make rectangular track using powder as shown
in the picture. Start walking from a point. Walk
around and get back to the same point.

Activity 3: Walk along circular path
Make circle using ribbon or powder. Walk around
the circle both clock wise and anti-cock wise.

2. Running
Students love running. They should know how to run properly.
Each running has three commands. They are shown below:

On your mark Get set Go

During run, you should move your left foot along with right hand

196 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Quick Test 1: Doing activities

Go to your school ground and practice.

1. Walking along 20 meters along 2. Walking along line

3. walking along cirular path.

and left hand along with right leg. While landing on the ground,
we should touch the ground with paw and then by head.

Activity 1: Simple run
Run along a track of 50 m. Record the time you have taken to
cover the distance.

Activity 2: Competitive run
Run in a group of 5 simultaneously. Also declare the winner.
Winner is one who completes the run in short interval of time.

Quick Test 2: Doing activities

Go to your school ground and practice.
1. Steps of running 2. Simple run 3. Competitive run

3. Jumping ( Long jump and high jump)

Jumping is another useful skill. It helps to develop our muscles.
It has four steps. They are approach, take off, flight and land.
The jumper takes short run up to take off line. This is known as
approach. When you are about to jump you have to bend your
knee and take long breathe. Also press
the ground and move your body in the air. Did YOU know ?

While landing, touch the ground by your Usain Bolt set new world
paws and then ankle. Bend your knees record in 100 m race.

MY WAY 197
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

and come to rest position. You should
always perform jumping in a foam or sand
pit.
Activity 1 Jump across rope
Place a horizontal rope at
the height of 2 feet above
the ground. Jump up the
rope and land on the
other side. Increase the height and repeat the game again.
Activity 2: Long Jump
Place foam or sand on the ground. Make a jump
line. Take run up to the jump line. As you get to the
jump line, push up your body. You will be in the air
for a while and land on the sand or foam. Measure
the distance you have covered during jumping. One
who can cover the long distance will be the winner.

4. Skipping
Skipping is fun. There are many activities
in it which students can do to develop
their muscles and stamina. In skipping
you should not cover distance. You will
keep hopping at a place.
Activity 1: Jump on a leg
It is all about jumping in a leg and land on
another leg. Then change the role of your
legs. Repeat it at least five times.

198 MY WAY
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3

Activity 2: Hopping with rope
Five students can start the game separately. One who can skip
for long will win the prize.

Activity 3: Jump across bar
Make a horizontal bar at about 50 cm across the ground. Jump
from one side to another side of the bar.

Quick Test 3: Doing activities

Practice the following skill in presence of your teacher.

1. Jump across bar 2. Jumping 3. Hopping with rope

Work Further

Answer the following questions. K

1. What is motor skill ? C
2. Name any three activities related to motor skill. A

3. Explain the steps in running. Ap
4. Explain how warming up exercise helps us.

5. How does high jump differ from long jump ?
6. Schedule a running competition among students in

your class and declare the winner.

MY WAY 199
Science, Health and Physical Education - 3