Modul Fizik SPM Kertas 2 & 3

PROGRAM NEAR MISS CEMERLANG / HALUS 2015

MODUL FIZIK SPM

KERTAS 2 & 3

1. Modul soalan ini adalah berbentuk topikal dan mengikut format peperiksaan.
2. Calon cemerlang boleh menjawab kesemua soalan manakala calon halus

menjawab soalan mudah mengikut tahap kesesuaian.

Bab 1: Pengenalan Kepada Fizik Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics

1. Sebuah kereta bergerak dengan laju purata 75 km j-1 dari Bandar A ke Bandar B
dalam masa 2 jam seperti yang ditunjukkan pada Rajah 1.
A car moves with an average speed of 75 km h-1 from town P to town Q in 2 hours
as shown in Figure 1.

Rajah 1
Figure 1

(a)(i) Berdasarkan maklumat di atas, nyatakan dua kuantiti asas dan unit SInya
Based on the information given, state two basic quantities and their
respective SI units
[1 markah]
[1 marks]

(ii) Nyatakan kuantiti terbitan dan unitnya. [1 markah]
State a derived quantity and its SI unit [1 marks]

(b) Tukarkan 75 km j-1 kepada unit SI [2 markah]
Comvert the value 75 km h-1 to SI unit [2 marks]

Bab 1: Pengenalan Kepada Fizik Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics

2. Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebuah ammeter.
Diagram shows an ammeter.

P

Q [2 markah]
[2 marks]
(a) Nyatakan nama dan fungsi komponen berikut:
State the name and function of the component [1 markah]
[1 mark]
(i) P:
(ii) Q:

(b) Nyatakan sisihan terkecil ammeter.
State the smallest division of ammeter.

(c) Nyatakan bacaan ammeter pada Rajah di atas. [1 markah]
State the reading of the thermometer [1 mark]

(d) Nyatakan langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil semasa menggunakan

termometer.

State the precautions to be taken while taking measurements by using the

ammeter. [1 markah]

[1 mark]

Bab 1: Pengenalan Kepada Fizik Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics

3. Rajah 3 di bawah menunjukkan sebuah termometer.
Diagram 3 shows a thermometer

Rajah 3 [2 markah]
Diagram 3 [2 marks]
(a) Namakan komponen berlabel
Name the component [1 markah]
[1 mark]
P:
[1 markah]
Q: [1 mark]

(b) Nyatakan kepekaan termometer
State the accuracy of the thermometer.

(c) Apakah bacaan termometer?
What is the reading of the thermometer?

(d) Mengapakah dinding bebuli kaca termometer adalah nipis? [1 markah]
Why does the glass stem wall of the thermometer is thin? [1 mark]

(e)Apakah yang anda harus lakukan untuk meningkatkan kepekaan
termometer.
How should you do to increase the accuracy of the thermometer? [1 markah]
[1 mark]

(f) Mengapakah merkuri digunakan dalam termometer? [1 markah]
Why does the thermometer use mercury? [1 mark]

Bab 1: Pengenalan Kepada Fizik Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics

4. Diagram above shows the reading of a micrometer screw gauge for the thickness of

5 sheets of paper

Rajah di atas menunjukkan bacaan sebuah tolok skru mikrometer untuk ketebalan

5 helai kertas

(a) Name the N [1 markah]

Namakan N

(b) Determine the thickness of a sheet of the paper in mm
Nyatakan ketebalan kertas tersebut dalam mm

[1 markah]

(c) Give the name and the function of M.
Nyatakan nama dan fungsi bahagian berlabel M

[2 markah]

(d) State two precaution to be taken while taking measurements by using the
micrometer screw gauge.
Berikan dua langkah berjaga-jaga yang patut diambil semasa melakukan
pengukuran menggunakan tolok skru mikrometer.

[2 markah]

Bab 1: Pengenalan Kepada Fizik Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics

5. Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan bacaan satu alat pengukur apabila tiada objek diletakkan
di atas. Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan bacaan alat pengukur tersebut apabila satu objek
diletakkan di atasnya.
Diagram 5.1 shows the reading of a measuring instrument when there is no object
on it. Diagram 5.2 shows the reading of the measuring instrument when an object
is placed on it.

Rajah 5.1
Diagram 5.1

Rajah 5.2
Diagram 5.2

Bab 1: Pengenalan Kepada Fizik Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics

(a)(i) Namakan kuantiti fizik yang boleh diukur oleh alat pengukur pada Rajah 5.1.

Name the physics quantity that can be measured by the measuring instrument in

Diagram 5.1. [1 markah]

(ii) Namakan jenis ralat yang terhasil dalam rajah 5.1 [1 markah]
Name the type of error produced in Diagram 5.1

(iii) Berapakah nilai ralat yang terhasil dalam rajah 5.1 [1 markah]
What is the value of error in Diagram 5.1

(iv) Berapakah bacaan sebenar kuantiti fizik yang diukur dalam Rajah 5.2?
What is the actual reading of the physical quantity measured in Diagram 5.2?
[1 markah]

Rajah 5.3
Diagram 5.3

(b) Nyatakan kepekaan bagi alat pengukuran di atas. [2 markah]
State the accuracy for each of the apparatus above
(i) X

(ii) Y

(c)(i) Alat pengukur yang manakah lebih sesuai untuk mengukur ketebalan dawai itu?
Which instrument is more suitable to measure the thickness of the wire?
[1 markah]

(d) Nyatakan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di (c)(i). [1 markah]
State one reason for your answer in (c)(i).

Bab 1: Pengenalan Kepada Fizik Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics

Skema jawapan:

1. 1
(a) Jarak, m / distance,m 1
1
Masa,s / time, s 1

(b) laju/ speed, m s-1 1

(c) 75 103 1
3600
1
= 20.83 m s-1 1
1
2 1
(a)(i) Cermin/ mirror
1
Untuk mengelakkan ralat paralaks / 1
to avoid parallax error 1
1
(ii) skru pelaras sifar / skru 1
Untuk melaraskan jarum penunjuk pada bacaan 0
1
(b) 0.1 A

(c) 0.4 A

(d) Apabila membaca skala ammeter, kedudukan mesti tegak
supaya penunjuk menutupi imejnya di dalam jalur cermin

3.
(a) P: tiub kapilari

Q: bebuli merkuri

(b) 1°C

(c) 84°C

(d) supaya haba dapat dikesan dengan
Cepat

(e) Menggunakan bebuli kaca yang berdinding nipis/
Menggunakan tiub kapilari yang berdiameter lebih
kecil/Menggunakan bebuli yang lebih kecil

(f) konduktor haba yang baik/Mudah dilihat/Mengembang (atau 1
mengecut) dengan cepat pada sebarang suhu./Tidak melekat
pada dinding tiub kapilari

Bab 1: Pengenalan Kepada Fizik Chapter 1: Introduction to Physics

4 (a) Skala vernier 1

(b) 3.70 mm 1

(c) bidal 1
Untuk mengelakkan tekanan terlampau pada objek 1

(d) mata hendaklah berserenjang dengan skala bacaan 1
Ulangi eksperimen bagi mendapatkan nilai purata 1

5 1
(a)(i) jisim 1
1
(ii) ralat sifar 1
1
(iii) 6 g 1
1
(iv) 24 g 1

(b)(i) X: 0.1 cm
(ii) Y: 0.01 mm

(c) Y

(d) kerana sisihannya paling kecil

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Section A
Bahagian A

1. Diagram1 below shows a light spring placed horizontally on a smooth surface. One end of the
spring is fixed to a wall.

Rajah 1 di bawah menunjukkan suatu spring ringan terletak secara melintang di atas suatu
permukaan yang licin. Satu hujung spring itu diikat pada suatu dinding.

DIAGRAM1 / RAJAH1
(a)(i) The light spring obeys Hooke’s law, F = k x, where k = spring constant. Explain what is

meant by Hooke’s law.
Spring ringan itu mematuhi Hukum Hooke, F = kx, di mana k = pemalar spring.
Terangkan apakah yang dimaksudkan oleh hukum Hooke.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks/2 markah]

(ii) What is the SI unit of the spring constant, k?
Apakah unit S.I. bagi pemalar spring, k?

__________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(b) The light spring is compressed by a plastic ball as shown in Diagram above. State what type
of enerstored in the spring.
Spring ringan itu dimampatkan oleh suatu bola plastik seperti ditunjukkan pada Rajah di
atas Nyatakan jenis tenaga yang tersimpan dalam spring itu.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[ 1 mark/ 1 markah ]

2. Diagram below shows a hot air balloon floating at rest in the sky.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan belon udara panas terapung dalam udara

(a) Draw and label the forces acting on the balloon. [3 marks/3 markah]
Lukis dan labelkan semua daya yang bertindak pada belon

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(b) State the relationship between the forces mentioned in (a)i.
Nyatakan hubungan antara daya-daya yang dinyatakan dalam (a)i.

[1 mark/1 markah]

(c) If the volume of the displaced air is 800 m3 and the density of air is 1.25 kg m−3, what is the
mass of the balloon?
Jika isi padu udara yang tersesar ialah 800 m3 dan ketumpatan udara ialah 1.25 kg m−3,
apakah jisim belon itu?

[2 marks/2 markah]

(d)What should be done to lower the hot air balloon?
Apakah yang harus dilakukan untuk merendahkan kedudukan belon udara panas itu?

[1 mark/1 markah]

3. Table below shows the change of distance s with the time t, travelled by an aeroplane as it
starts moving along a runway.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan perubahan jarak s dengan masa t yang dilalui oleh sebuah
kapal terbang apabila ia mula bergerak di sepanjang laluannya.

t/s 0 1 2 3 4 5

s/m 0 2 12 16 36 66

(a) On the graph paper below, draw a graph of s against t.
Di atas kertas graf di bawah, lukiskan graf s melawan t.

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Diagram3/Rajah3

[2 marks/2 markah]

b. i.State whether the speed of the aeroplane increases, decreases or remains constant.
Nyatakan sama ada kelajuan kapal terbang meningkat, berkurang atau kekal malar

______________________________________________________________________
[1 mark/1 markah]

ii.Give a reason for your answer in (b)i.
Berikan alasan untuk jawapan anda di (b)i.

_______________________________________________________________________

[1 mark/1 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

c. A parachutist falls from a helicopter which is flying horizontally. The parachute opens
sometime after the start of the fall.
Seorang penerjun payung terjun, terjun daripada sebuah helikopter yang terbang secara
mendatar. Payung terjun terbuka beberapa ketika selepas terjunan bermula.
i.Why is the initial vertical acceleration of the parachutist approximately 10 m s–2?
Mengapakah pecutan tegak awal penerjun tersebut kira-kira 10 m s-2 ?

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

[2 marks/2 markah]

4.Diagram 4.1 shows a cradle that uses a strong spring. Diagram B shows the graph of the
weight of the baby,W, against the extension, x, produced by different springs. All the three
springs have the same initial length

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan satu buaian yang menggunakan satu spring yang kuat. Rajah B
menunjukkan graf berat bayi, W melawan pemanjangan spring, x, yang dihasilkan oleh
spring-spring yang berbeza. Ketiga-tiga spring itu mempunyai panjang asal yang sama.

Diagram4.1 / Rajah 4.1

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Diagram 4.2 / Rajah 4.2

i) Among the springs, which is the strongest?
Antara spring itu, yang manakah paling kuat?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[ 1mark/ 1markah]

ii) Explain your answer in (a)i
Terangkan jawapan anda di (a)i.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1mark/ 1markah]

iii) If spring X is made of the same material as spring Q, state two possibilities
that cause spring X to differ from spring Q.
Jika spring X dibuat daripada bahan yang serupa dengan spring Q, nyatakan dua
kemungkinan yang menyebabkan spring X berbeza daripada spring Q

………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[2mark/2markah]

iv. A researcher plans to place another spring parallel to the spring that is already there.
Explain whether his suggestion can be accepted or not
Seorang penyelidik mencadangkan untuk meletakkan satu lagi spring secara selari
dengan spring yang sedia ada. Terangkan sama ada cadangan penyelidik itu boleh
diterima atau tidak.

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2mark/2markah]

v. If a kid of mass 20 kg sits in the cradle, the spring will break. Explain how this
happens
Jika seorang budak kecil berjisim 20 kg duduk dalam buaian itu, spring buaian
itu terputus. Terangkan bagaimana hal ini berlaku.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1mark/1markah]

5. Diagram 5.1 shows a parachutist who had just pulled open his parachute several
seconds after he had jumped out from an aircraft. Diagram B shows the graph of
velocity against time for the motion of the parachutist. Points P, Q, R, S, T and U show
different stages of the motion during his fall.

Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan seorang ahli payung terjun yang baru membuka payung
terjunnya beberapa saat selepas dia telah melompat keluar daripada sebuah kapal
terbang. Rajah B menunjukkan graf halaju melawan masa bagi pergerakan ahli payung
terjun itu. Titik P, Q, R, S, T dan U menunjukkan keadaan-keadaan berbeza bagi
pergerakan semasa ia menurun

Rajah 5.1/Diagram 5.1

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Diagram 5.2/Rajah 5.2
i) At which point did the parachute begin to open?

Pada titik manakah payung terjun itu mula terbuka?

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark/1markah]

ii) Explain your answer in (a)i
Terangkan jawapan kamu di (a)i.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1mark/1 markah]

iii)Calculate the acceleration of the parachutist during the stage PQ
Hitungkan pecutan ahli payung terjun semasa keadaan PQ

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………….
[3marks/3markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

iv) Sketch a graph of acceleration against time for the motion of the parachutist at the
various stages P, Q, R, S, T and U.
Lakarkan satu graf pecutan melawan masa bagi pergerakan ahli payung terjun
itu pada pelbagai keadaan P, Q, R, S, T, dan U

[3marks/3markah]

6. Diagram below shows a smooth pulley system. The weight of the spring can be ignored.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu sistem takal licin. Berat spring boleh diabaikan

Diagram 6 /Rajah 6

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

i. Calculate the additional forces that are involved in the system when the 0.5 kg load
is released
Hitungkan daya paduan yang terlibat dalam sistem tersebut apabila beban 0.5 kg
dilepaskan.
…………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2marks/2markah]

ii. Based on the additional force that is calculated in (a), determine the extension of the
spring.
Berdasarkan daya paduan yang dikira dalam (a), tentukan pemanjangan spring itu.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[2marks/2markah]

iii.What is the acceleration of the trolley?
Berapakah pecutan troli itu?

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2marks/2markah]

iv. Calculate the tension of the rope in the system
Hitungkan tegangan tali dalam sistem tersebut.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2Marks/2markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

7. Diagram A shows that the mattress of a bed contains springs. Diagram B shows the change
that takes place when a person lies on the bed

Rajah A menunjukkan tilam katil yang mengandungi spring. Rajah B menunjukkan
perubahan yang berlaku apabila seorang berbaring di atas katil

Diagram A/Rajah A

Diagram B/Rajah B
i) How do the springs change when a person lies on the bed?

Bagaimanakah spring itu berubah apabila seorang berbaring di atas katil?

……………………………………………………………………………………
[2marks/2markah]

ii) On a copy of Diagram B, circle the spring that has the greatest force acting on
it.
Pada salinan Rajah B, bulatkan spring yang mempunyai daya yang paling
besar bertindak ke atasnya.
[1mark/1markah]

iii) How can you tell that this spring has the greatest force acting on it?
Bagaimanakah anda boleh katakan bahawa spring ini mempunyai daya
yang paling besar bertindak ke atasnya?

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

……………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………

[2marks/2markah]

iv) A manufacturer makes a mattress that sags less in the middle when a person
lies on it.Suggest two ways of doing this.
Seorang pengilang membuat satu tilam yang kurang melentur di tengah
apabila seorang berbaring di atasnya. Cadangkan dua cara untuk melakukan
hal ini.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[2marks/2markah]

v) One force acting on the person is the upward push of the springs.
Satu daya yang bertindak ke atas orang itu adalah tolakan ke atas spring itu.

Another force acts on the person. Draw an arrow on your diagram to show the
direction of this force
Satu daya yang lain bertindak ke atas orang itu. Lukis satu anak panah di
atas rajah anda untukmenunjukkan arah daya ini.

[1mark/1markah]

Use some of the words from the box below to complete a copy of the
following sentence
Gunakan sesetengah perkataan dari kotak di bawah untuk melengkapkan ayat
yang berikut.

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

The other force acting on the person is the __________ pull of the __________.

Daya lain yang bertindak ke atas orang itu adalah tarikan __________ bagi __________
[2 marks/2 markah]

8. A experiment is performed to measure the velocity of a 1 kg mass as it passes through the
vertical position AB as shown in Diagram below. The mass is drawn aside through an angle of
30° and released. The velocity is measured experimentally.
Satu eksperimen dilakukan untuk mengukur halaju bagi jisim 1 kg apabila ia melalui kedudukan
tegak AB seperti ditunjukkan pada Rajah di bawah. Jisim itu ditarik ke tepi melalui satu sudut
30° dan dilepaskan

(a) Describe briefly the arrangements necessary for measuring the velocity of the mass.
Huraikan secara ringkas susunan-susunan yang perlu untuk mengukur halaju jisim itu.
[2 marks/2 markah]

(b) Explain how the velocity is deduced from the result of the experiment.
Terangkan bagaimana halaju itu ditentukan daripada keputusan eksperimen itu.
[2 marks/2 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(c) Calculate theoretically a value for its velocity from the diagram.
Hitungkan secara teori satu nilai untuk halajunya daripada rajah itu.

[3 marks/3 markah]

(d) How would you compare the value obtained experimentally with the one calculated
theoretically? Explain briefly.
Bagaimankah anda akan membandingkan nilai yang diperoleh secara eksperimen dengan
yang dihitungkan secara teori? Terangkan secara ringkas.
[3 marks/3 markah]

(e) What would happen to the experimental result if the 1 kg mass is replaced with another
mass of 0.1 kg?
Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada keputusan eksperimen itu jika jisim 1 kg itu
digantikan dengan jisim 0.1 kg yang lain?
[2 marks/2 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Section B
Bahagian B

9. Diagram A shows a balloon being released from a grip. Diagram B shows a cuttlefish moving
forward by releasing a big volume of black ink backwards.
Rajah A menunjukkan sebiji belon dilepaskan dari ikatannya. Rajah B menunjukkan seekor
sotong bergerak ke depan apabila melepaskan sejumlah dakwat hitam yang banyak ke belakang.

Diagram A/Rajah A Diagram B/Rajah B

(a) (i) What is meant by force?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan daya?

[1 mark/1 markah]

(i) Using Diagrams A and B compare the direction of motion of the balloon and the
cuttlefish. Relate the direction of motion to deduce a relevant physics concept.
Menggunakan Rajah A dan B, bandingkan arah pergerakan belon dan sotong.
Kaitkan arah gerakan untuk menyimpulkan satu konsep fizik yang berkaitan.

[5 marks/5 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(b) Using suitable examples, explain the ways to utilise impulse force.
Dengan menggunakan contoh-contoh yang sesuai, terangkan cara-cara untuk
menggunakan daya impuls.
[4 marks/4 markah]

(c) Football is one of the most popular games in the world. The goalkeeper always gets
injuries when playing football. Using a suitable physics concept, suggest and explain
adaptations that can be made to avoid injuries and also to improve/increase achievement
in the football game. Your explanation should include the following aspects:
Bola sepak adalah salah satu sukan yang paling popular di dalam dunia. Penjaga gol
selalu mendapat kecederaan apabila bermain bola sepak. Dengan mengunakan konsep
fizik yang sesuai, cadangkan dan terangkan adaptasi yang boleh dilakukan bagi
mengelakkan kecederaan dan juga untuk memperbaiki/meningkatkan pencapaian di
dalam sukan bola sepak. Penerangan anda hendaklah merangkumi aspek berikut :

(i) The type of clothes worn.
Jenis pakaian yang digunakan.

(ii) The type of football used.
Jenis bola yang digunakan.

(iii)The ways of playing football.
Bagaimakah bola sepak dimainkan.

[10 marks/10 markah]

10. Diagram A shows a bullet being shot from a rifle. Diagram B shows a passenger walking in
a boat.
Rajah A menunjukkan sebutir peluru yang ditembak keluar dari sepucuk senapang. Rajah
B menunjukkan seorang penumpang yang sedang berjalan di atas sebuah perahu.

Diagram /Rajah A Diagram/Rajah B

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(a)(i) What is meant by velocity?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan halaju?

[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii) Using Diagram A and Diagram B, state the property which is common to the bullet
being shot from the rifle and the passenger walking on the boat. Then relate the property
to explain a physics concept and name the concept.
Menggunakan Rajah A dan Rajah B, nyatakan ciri-ciri sepunya keadaan peluru yang
ditembak keluar dari senapang dan penumpang yang sedang berjalan di atas perahu.
Seterusnya hubungkaitkan ciri-ciri itu untuk menjelaskan suatu konsep fizik dan
namakan konsep itu.

[5 marks/5 markah]

(b) When a porcelain cup falls onto a concrete floor, it breaks into pieces. However, when the
porcelain cup falls onto a carpet from the same height, it does not break. Explain why.
Apabila satu cawan kaca jatuh ke atas lantai konkrit, ia akan pecah. Namun begitu,
apabila cawan kaca itu jatuh ke atas permaidani dari ketinggian yang sama, ia tidak
pecah. Terangkan mengapa.

[4 marks/4 markah]

(c) Diagram C shows a rocket.
Rajah C menunjukkan sebuah roket.

DIAGRAM C / RAJAH C

Using appropriate physics concepts, explain the necessary modification which can be made
to the rocket to enable it to travel safely with a higher acceleration.
Menggunakan konsep fizik yang sesuai, terangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan
ke atas roket itu untuk membolehkannya bergerak dengan selamat pada pecutan yang
tinggi.

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Your answer should include the following aspects:
Jawapan anda hendaklah merangkumi aspek-aspek berikut:

(i) the design of the body of the rocket,
reka bentuk badan roket itu,

(ii) the properties of metal used for the frame of the rocket,
sifat-sifat logam yang digunakan untuk rangka badan roket itu,

(iii) the outer layer used for the frame of the rocket,
lapisan luar yang digunakan untuk rangka badan roket itu,

(iv) the important equipment to be used in the rocket.
alat penting yang digunakan dalam roket itu.

[10 marks/10 markah]

Section C
Bahagian C

11. Diagram A shows that a stationary ball is released from a tall building.
Rajah A menunjukkan bola yang berada dalam keadaan pegun dilepaskan dari bangunan yang
tinggi.

Diagram A/Rajah A

(a) (i)What is meant by energy?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan tenaga?

[1 mark/1 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(iii) State the energy possessed by the ball at positions X, Y and Z. Explain the change
in the energy after the ball has hit the floor.
Nyatakan tenaga yang dimiliki oleh bola pada titik X, Y dan Z. Jelaskan
perubahan tenaga setelah bola mengena lantai.
[4 marks/4 markah]

(b) Table A shows the characteristics of five F1 racing cars, A, B, C, D and E.
Jadual A menunjukkan ciri-ciri untuk lima jenis kereta lumba F1, A, B, C, D dan E.

Characteristics Mass/kg Reaction Braking Type of tyre
Ciri-ciri Jisim/kg time/s distance/m Jenis tayar

Cars/Kereta Masa tindak Jarak semasa
balas brek ditekan/m

A 800 With tread pattern
6 15

Berbunga

B 1 000 With tread pattern
5 12

Berbunga

C 1 200 Without tread pattern
4 10

Tanpa bunga

D 1 500 Without tread pattern
5 10

Tanpa bunga

E 2 000 Without tread pattern
6 12

Tanpa bunga

Table A/Jadual A

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Explain the suitability of the characteristics shown in Table A to determine the most suitable F1
racing car to be used on a hot and sunny day. Give reasons for your choice.
Jelaskan mengenai kesesuaian ciri-ciri dalam Jadual A untuk menentukan kereta F1 yang paling
sesuai untuk digunakan pada hari yang panas dan cerah. Berikan sebab untuk pilihan anda.

[10 marks/10 markah]

Diagram B/Rajah B

(c) Diagram B shows a trolley with a mass of 2 kg moving down a slope of height 20 m.
After moving down the slope, the trolley moves 5 m along the flat and rough surface
before stopping. Calculate the frictional force acting on the trolley.
Rajah B menunjukkan troli dengan berat 2 kg bergerak menuruni satah condong
setinggi 20 m. Setelah bergerak menuruni satah, troli bergerak 5 m sepanjang
permukaan kasar dan rata sebelum berhenti. Hitung daya geseran yang bertindak ke
atas troli itu.
[5 marks/5 markah]

12. Diagram below shows a strong spring that is used to make a cradle for babies. Table
below shows the characteristics of different types of springs that can be used for making a
cradle.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu spring yang kuat yang digunakan untuk membuat
buaian bayi. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan ciri-ciri spring yang berlainan jenis yang
boleh digunakan untuk membuat buaian bayi.

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Diagram
/Rajah

Characteristic Spring Diameter of Diameter of Type of
Ciri constant(cm-1) spring wire (cm) spring coil (cm) material

Spring Pemalar spring Diameter dawai Diameter lilitan Jenis bahan
Spring (cm-1) spring (cm) spring (cm)

P 40 5.0 0.2 Alloy/aloi

Q 100 2.0 0.5 Iron/besi

R 50 4.0 0.8 Steel/keluli

S 150 5.0 0.5 Steel/keluli

T 20 1.0 0.4 Iron/besi

(a)(i) What is the meaning of spring constant?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan pemalar spring?

[1 mark/1 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(ii) You are assigned to investigate the characteristics of the springs in Table above to make
a cradle for babies.
Anda ditugaskan untuk mengkaji ciri-ciri spring dalam Jadual di atas untuk digunakan
bagi membuat buaian bayi seperti pada Rajah di atas.

Explain the suitability of each characterisitc shown in Table above. Then suggest the
most suitable spring to be used and give your reasons.
Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri dalam Jadual di atas. Seterusnya tentukan spring
yang paling sesuai digunakan untuk membuat buaian bayi itu dan berikan sebab untuk
pilihan anda.

[10 marks/10 markah]

(b) The original length of a spring is 20 cm. When a load of 10 N is hooked onto the spring, its
length becomes 25 cm. When a load of more than 50 N is hooked, the spring does not return
to its original length even after the load is removed.
Satu spring mempunyai panjang asal 20 cm. Apabila beban 10 N diletakkan, panjang spring
itu menjadi 25 cm. Apabila beban lebih daripada 50 N diletakkan, spring ini tidak kembali
ke panjang asal apabila beban itu dialihkan.

(i) Sketch a graph of extension against stretching force for the spring. Use your graph to
explain the process.
Lakarkan graf pemanjangan melawan daya regangan bagi spring itu. Gunakan graf
anda untuk menerangkan proses itu.

[4 marks/4 markah]

(ii) Calculate the amount of work done by the spring when a load of 25 N is hooked onto
it.
Hitungkan kerja yang dilakukan oleh spring apabila beban 25 N diletakkan.

[2 marks/2 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(iii) Which type of arrangement of springs will cause the springs to be stronger, the
parallel arrangement or the series arrangement? Explain this observation.
Susunan spring yang manakah akan menjadi lebih kuat, susunan secara selari atau
sesiri?
Jelaskan pemerhatian ini.
[3 marks/3 markah]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Skema Kertas 2( Force and Motion)

1. (a) (i) The force applied is directly proportional to the extension produced.
Daya yang dikenakan adalah berkadar secara langsung dengan pemanjangan.

(ii) N m–1

(b) Elastic potential energy
Tenaga keupayaan kenyal

(c) (i) Speed increases
Laju bertambah

(ii) Speed decreases
Laju berkurang

2. (a)

(b) Upthrust buoyant force = weight

(c) W = buoyant force
mg = Vρg
m = 800 × 1.25 = 1 000 kg

(d) Reduce the volume of the air in the balloon

3. (a)

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(b) i. The speed of the aeroplane increases.
Kelajuan kapal terbang bertambah.

ii. This is because the distance travelled for every equal time internal increases.
Ini kerana jarak yang dilalui bagi setiap sela masa yang sama bertambah.

(c) i. The force acting on the parachutist is free fall gravity, i.e. the acceleration downwards
is g, or 10 m s–2. This is because at the point where the parachutist falls the aeroplane, there
is no air resistance.
Daya yang bertindak ke atas ahli payung terjun ialah graviti terjun bebas, iaitu pecutan ke
bawah ialah g, atau 10 m s-2. Ini kerana tiada rintangan angin pada kedudukan di mana
penerjun terjun daripada kapal terbang tersebut.

ii. At the beginning, the acceleration is 10 m s–2. The speed increases and force of air
resistance acting to retard the speed also increases. When the gravitational force is equal to
the air resistance, the speed is maximum and remains constant. At this point, the
acceleration is zero.
Pada mulanya, pecutan tersebut berada pada 10 m s-2. Kelajuan bertambah dan daya
rintangan udara yang bertindak untuk melambatkan kelajuan juga bertambah. Apabila
daya graviti sama dengan rintangan udara, kelajuan berada pada tahap maksimum dan
kekal sama. Pecutan sifar pada titik ini.

4. (a) i. Spring P
ii. Spring P has the largest stretching force which is the highest spring constant.
With that, spring P is the strongest.

(b) The diameter of the coil of spring X is smaller, the diameter of the wire of spring X is
bigger than spring Q.

(c) Yes. By arranging the springs in parallel can strengthening the spring.
This allows the cradle to be able to withstand the weight of bigger babies.

(d) The weight (force) of the child has already exceeded the elasticity limit of the spring,

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

causing the spring to lose its elasticity.

(e) Spring constant = = 5 N cm–1

5. (a) i. At point S
Pada titik S.

ii. When the parachute opens, air resistance increases suddenly to a large value. The speed
of the parachutist decreases to a small value.

Apabila payung terjun terbuka, rintangan udara bertambah dengan tiba-tiba kepada satu
nilai yang besar. Laju ahli payung terjun berkurang ke pada satu nilai yang kecil.

(b) Acceleration,
Pecutan,

a = gradient of line PQ
a = kecerunan garis PQ

40 m s-1
=

5s

= 8.0 m s-2

(c)

6. (a) Additional force = 5 N – 2 N = 3 N

(b) Spring extension = = 6 cm

(c) Total mass of system = 0.5 kg + 1.0 kg = 1.5 kg

Acceleration of system a = = 2 m s–2

Acceleration of the trolley is 2 m s–2.

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(d) Force acting on trolley = tension of rope, T, – frictional force
1.0 × 2 = T – 2
T=4N

(e) When 0.5 kg load is released, gravitational potential energy changes to kinetic energy.
Part of the energy

changes to heat and sound. Lastly, the energy changes to elastic potential energy

7. (a) (i) The springs are compressed and become shorter.
(ii)

(iii) -It is most compressed

- its length after compression is the shortest

(b) – Put more springs in parallel at the middle
– Use springs with which are made of wire. With a larger diameter
– Use springs with smaller diameter of coil

(c) (i)

(ii) The other force acting on the person is the downward pull of the Earth.

8. (a) The 1 kg mass is attached to a ticker tape through a ticker timer, the timer is switched
on and the 1 kg
mass is then allowed to swing.

(b) The distance between 2 most widely separated dots is measured from the tape, say d m.

The velocity is given by .

(c) 1.64 m s–1.

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

(d) The experimental result should be smaller. This is because of energy lost as friction.

(e) The velocity measured would become smaller because air resistance exists.

9. (a) i. Force is the change of momentum. [1 m]
Daya ialah perubahan momentum.

ii. – They move forward. [1 m]
Ianya bergerak ke hadapan.
– They release something for motion, the balloon releases air while the cuttlefish releases a
big volume of black ink. [1 m]
Ia melepaskan sesuatu untuk pergerakan, belon tersebut melepaskan udara sementara
sotong melepaskan isipadu dakwat hitam yang banyak.
– The balloon moving forward has an equal momentum as the air releasing from its mouth.
The cuttlefish moving forward has an equal momentum as the black ink releasing by it. [1
m]
Belon yang bergerak ke hadapan mempunyai momentum yang sama dengan udara yang
dilepaskan daripada bukaannya. Sotong bergerak ke hadapan mempunyai momentum yang
sama dengan dakwat hitam yang dilepaskan olehnya.
– The total momentum in a closed system is constant. [1 m]
Jumlah momentum di dalam sistem tertutup adalah tetap.
– Principle of conservation of momentum [1 m]
Prinsip pengabadian momentum

(b) – Hockey sticks are made of hard wood while golf clubs are made of hard alloy. [1 m]
Kayu hoki diperbuat daripada kayu yang keras sementara kayu golf diperbuat daripada
aloi yang keras.
– The hard surface will shorten the time of contact of the stick with the ball. Hence, the
impulsive force is big and the ball is able to travel a far distance. [1 m]
Permukaan keras akan memendekkan masa sentuhan kayu itu dengan bola. Maka, daya
impuls menjadi tinggi dan bola dapat melantun dengan jauh.
– A piledriver is made of hard steel alloy. [1 m]
Penghentam cerucuk diperbuat daripada aloi besi yang kuat.
– While hitting the pile, the pile driver is released very fast to hit the hard pile. Hence the
time taken to hit the pile is short and a big impulsive force is produced. [1 m]
Semasa menghentam cerucuk, penghentam cerucuk itu dilepaskan dengan sangat laju untuk
mengetuk cerucuk yang keras itu. Maka, masa hentaman cerucuk menjadi pendek dan

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

menghasilkan daya impuls yang besar.

(c) – A glove is worn [1 m]
Memakai sarung tangan
– This reduces the painful of the player’s hands when touching the ball with big impulsive
force because glove which is made of soft material lengthens the time of impact. [1 m]
Ini mengurangkan kesakitan pada tangan pemain apabila menangkap bola yang
mempunyai daya impuls yang tinggi kerana sarung tangan yang diperbuat daripada bahan
yang lembut memanjangkan masa hentaman.
– When catching the ball, the goal keeper should move his hands back-wards. [1 m]
Apabila menangkap bola, penjaga gol hendaklah menggerakkan tangannya ke belakang.
– This action will lengthen the time of impact between the ball and his hands and reduces
the impulsive force. [1 m]
Tindakan ini akan memanjangkan masa hentaman antara bola dan tangannya dan
mengurangkan daya impuls.
– The base of the shoe of the player has studs on the soles and heels. [1 m]
Tapak kasut pemain mempunyai paku pada lapik kasut dan tumit.
– The surface area in contact with the ground is reduced and this gives a big pressure to
make the studs sink into the ground and give a stronger support without slipping. [1 m]
Kawasan permukaan yang bersentuh dengan tanah dikurangkan dan ini memberikan
tekanan yang tinggi untuk membenamkan paku ke dalam tanah dan memberikan sokongan
yang kuat daripada tergelincir.
– The cloth worn is made of material which has moderate specific heat capacity. [1 m]
Pakaian yang dipakai diperbuat daripada bahan yang mempunyai haba tentu yang
sederhana.
– It can then absorb more heat where the player is and maintain the body temperature of the
player. [1 m]
Ia boleh menyerap lebih banyak haba di mana pemain sedang berpeluh, dan mengekalkan
suhu badan pemain tersebut.
– Football should have enough air pressure inside it. [1 m]
Bola sepak hendaklah mempunyai tekanan udara yang secukupnya di dalamnya.
– If the air pressure is small, this lengthens the time of impact between the foot and the ball
and reduces the impulsive force when the ball is kicked. Hence the ball does not travel far
away or has less speed. [1 m]
Jika tekanan udara kecil, ini akan memanjangkan masa hentaman antara kaki dan bola dan
mengurangkan daya impuls apabila bola itu ditendang. Maka bola itu tidak dapat disepak
dengan jauh ataupun mempunyai kelajuan yang rendah. [1 m]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

10. (a) (i) Velocity is the rate of change of displacement or the speed in a specified direction.
(ii) – The bullet and the rifle, the passenger and the boat, move in opposite directions.
– An object with a small mass (the bullet or the passenger) moves with a larger

velocity
compared with an object with a big mass (the rifle or the boat)

– The bullet and the rifle, and the passenger and the boat, move in opposite directions
so

that the final total momentum of the system will be maintained as zero.
– m1v1= m2v2
– m1v1 = m2v2 = 0
– Physics concept: The principle of conservation of momentum

(b) – The hard surface of the concrete floor results in a short impact time. This impulsive
force produced

is big enough to break the porcelain cup.
– The soft surface of the carpet increases the time of impact, reducing the impulsive
force acting on

the porcelain cup. The cup does not break.

(c) – A multistage rocket is invented.
– Each stage has burning fuel, pump and combustion chamber. When the fuel at each

stage is completely
burnt, it will slip off. When the mass of the rocket decreases, its acceleration increases.

– The frame of the rocket is made of metal with low density.
– So that the mass of the rocket is not too heavy and the acceleration can be increased.
– The metal chosen should have high strength and hardness.
– So that its shape will not change easily.
– The frame of the rocket is painted with silver paint.
– So that it can reflect light away more efficiently and the temperature of the rocket will
not rise.
– The frame of the rocket is covered with a layer of heat insulator.
– So that heat conductivity is reduced.
– The rocket needs to carry a tank containing oxygen.
– To enable the combustion of fuel in space because there is no oxygen in space.

11 (a) (i) Potential or the ability to do work. [1 m]
. Keupayaan atau kebolehan melakukan kerja.

(ii) X – Gravitational potential energy. [1 m]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

Tenaga keupayaan graviti.
Y – Gravitational potential energy + kinetic energy. [1 m]

Tenaga keupayaan graviti + tenaga kinetik.
Z – Kinetic energy → sound energy + heat energy. [1 m]

Tenaga kinetik → tenaga bunyi + tenaga haba.

(b)

(c)

12. (a) (i) – The stretching force divided by the spring extension. [1 m]
(ii) – A spring that is strong and suitable has a large spring constant. [1 m]

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

– This spring is stiffer, so it will need a bigger elasticity force. With this, the spring
will not

break easily. [1 m]
– The diameter of the spring wire should be big. [1 m]
– This type of spring is stiffer than a spring made of wire with a smaller diameter. [1
m]
– The diameter of the coil of the spring should be big. [1 m]
– This spring is stiffer. [1 m]
– The spring should be made of alloy or steel. [1 m]
– Steel and alloy springs are stronger than metal springs. [1 m]
– Spring S is chosen. [1 m]
– Spring S has the biggest spring constant, the diameter of the spring wire is big, the
diameter

of the coil is big and it is made of steel. [1 m]

(b) (i)

– The extension of the spring changes with the stretching force until the elasticity
limit is

exceeded. [1 m]
– If the elasticity limit is exceeded, the spring will not return to its original shape, or
the spring will

break. [1 m]
(ii) – Work done,

= 1.5625 J [1 m]
(iii) – The springs that are arranged in series. [1 m]

– When springs are connected in series, the result is the same as using a longer
spring. With this,

the stiffness of the spring will decrease. [1 m]
– When springs are connected in parallel, the extension of the springs is the same.

Bab 2: Daya Dan Gerakan Chapter 2: Force and Motion

With this,
the stiffness of the spring increases. [1 m]

Bab 3: Daya dan tekanan Chapter 3 : Forces and Pressure

Bahagian A

[60 markah]
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini

1 . Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan tolok Bourdon yang digunakan untuk mengukur tekanan gas di
dalam kelalang dasar bulat .
Diagram 1.1 shows a Bourdon gauge which is used to measure gas pressure inside a round
bottom flask .

Rajah 1.1

(a) Nyatakan kepekaan bagi tolok Bourdon tersebut. [1 markah]
State the sensitivity of the Bourdon gauge.

(b) Nyatakan kedudukan mata yang betul semasa mengambil bacaan pada tolok Bourdon.
(i) [1 markah]

State the correct position of the eye while taking reading from the Bourdon gauge.

(ii) Berapakah tekanan gas di dalam kelalang dasar bulat seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh
tolok Bourdon itu? [1 markah]
What is the pressure of the gas inside the round bottom flask as shown by the Bourdon
gauge?

(c) Kelalang dasar bulat itu kemudian dipanaskan. Adakah bacaan Tolok Bourdon akan
meningkat atau menurun? [1 markah]
The round bottom flask is then heated. Would the reading of the Bourdon increase or
decrease?

Bab 3: Daya dan tekanan Chapter 3 : Forces and Pressure

2. Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebuah tangki air yang membekalkan air ke sebuah blok rumah pangsa.
Air mengalir ke setiap rumah itu disebabkan oleh tekanan air.
Diagram 2 shows a water tank that supplies water to a block of flats. The water flows to each
unit of the flat due to water pressure.

(a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan tekanan? [1 markah]
What is meant by pressure?

(b) Tangki air setinggi 3.0 m diisi penuh dengan air . Hitung tekanan air pada dasar tangki itu.
( Ketumpatan air = 1 000 kg m-3 )
[2 markah]

A water tank with a height of 3.0 m is fully filled with water . Calculate the water pressure at
the base of the tank . ( density of water = 1 000 kg m-3 )

(c) Berdasarkan rajah 2, bandingkan tekanan air di P dan di Q . Jelaskan jawapan anda .

[2 markah]
Based on Diagram 2, compare the water pressure at P and at Q . Explain your answer .

Bab 3: Daya dan tekanan Chapter 3 : Forces and Pressure

3. Rajah 3.1 dan Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan dua buah tiub venture untuk tujuan mengkaji
perhubungan antara halaju bendalir dan tekanan.
Diagrams 3.1 and 3.2 shows two ventury tubes used to study the relationship between the
velocity of fluid and pressure .

Rajah 3.1

Rajah 3.2

(a) Nyatakan persamaan diantara luas keratan rentas, halaju dan tekanan pada kawasan A dan E ,
jika A dibandingkan dengan kawasan B dan C dalam rajah 3.1 dan E dibandingkan dengan

kawasan D dan F dalam rajah 3.2 .
State the similarities of cross section area, velocity and pressure at point A and E, if A is

compared to point B and C in diagram 3.1 and E is compared to point D and F in diagram
3.2.

(i) Luas keratin rentas / Cross section area :

(ii) Halaju/ Velocity :

(iii) Tekanan / pressure :

[3markah]

(b) Berdasarkan jawapan di 3(a), namakan prinsip fizik yang terlibat. [1 markah]
Based on the answer in 3(a), name the physics principle involved.

(c) Tandakan kenaikan aras air di A, B dan C dalam rajah 3.1. [1 markah]
Mark the water level at A, B and C in diagram 3.1.

(d) Bandingkan tekanan di D, E dan F dalam rajah 3.2 apabila air mengalir. [1 markah]
Compare the pressure at D, E and F in diagram 3.2 when water is flowing.

Bab 3: Daya dan tekanan Chapter 3 : Forces and Pressure

4. Rajah 4.1 dan Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan dua hidrometer ringkas direndam dalam cecair X dan
cecair Y masing-masing. Isipadu cecair X dan cecair Y adalah sama.
Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2 show two identical simple hydrometers are immersed in
liquid X and liquid Y respectively. The volume of liquid X and liquid Y is the same.

Rajah 4.1 Rajah 4.2

(a) Apakah maksud ketumpatan? [1 markah]
What is the meaning of density?

(b) Perhatikan Rajah 4.1 dan Rajah 4.2.
Observe Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2.

Bandingkan / compare :
(i) panjang kedua-dua hidrometer yang tenggelam dalam cecair X dan cecair Y.

[1 markah]
the length of both hydrometers that sink in liquid X and liquid Y.

(ii) isipadu cecair yang disesarkan oleh kedua-dua hidrometer itu. [1 markah]
the volume of liquid displaced by both hydrometers

(c) Nyatakan hubungan antara isipadu cecair tersesar dengan ketumpatan cecair. [1 markah]
State the relationship between the volume of liquid displaced and the density of liquid.

(d) daya keapungan yang bertindak ke atas kedua-dua hidrometer itu. [1 markah]
buoyant force acting on both hydrometers.

Bab 3: Daya dan tekanan Chapter 3 : Forces and Pressure

(e)

(i) Apakah yang berlaku kepada panjang hidrometer yang terendam dalam cecair X bila
jisim pasir yang lebih banyak ditambah? [1 markah]

What happen to the length of hydrometer that sinks in liquid X when a larger mass of
sand is added?

(ii) nyatakan satu sebab bagi jawapan di 4(e)(i). [1 markah]
state one reason for the answer in 4(e)(i).

5. Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan dua bekas yang serupa berisi air pada kedalaman
berbeza. Apabila pili dibuka, air memancut keluar pada jarak ufuk yang berlainan

disebabkan oleh tekanan dikenakan ke atas dinding bekas itu.
Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two identical containers filled with water at different

depth. When the tap is opened, water spurts out at different horizontal distance due to the
pressure exerted on the wall of the container.

Rajah 5.1 Rajah 5.2

(a) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan tekanan? [1 markah]
What is the meaning of pressure?

(b) Perhatikan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2
Observe Diagram 5.1and Diagram 5.2.

(i) Bandingkan kedalaman pili dari permukaan air. [1 markah]
Compare the depth of the tap from the surface of the water.

Bab 3: Daya dan tekanan Chapter 3 : Forces and Pressure

(ii) Bandingkan jarak ufuk pancutan air. [1 markah]
Compare the horizontal distance of the water spurting out.

(iii) Hubungkaitkan jarak ufuk pancutan air dengan tekanan air pada pili. [1 markah]

Relate the horizontal distance of the water spurting out to the pressure of water at the
tap.

(iv) Hubungkaitkan tekanan air dengan kedalaman air. [1 markah]
Relate the pressure in the water to the depth of the water.

(c) Apakah yang berlaku kepada jarak ufuk pancutan air dalam Rajah 5.2 jika penutup
(i) bekas itu dibuka? [1 markah]
What happens to the horizontal distance of the water spurting out in Diagram 5.2 when
the lid of the container is opened?

(ii) Terangkan jawapan di 5 (c)(i). [2 markah]
Explain the answer in 5(c)(i).

6. Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan sebuah tangki konkrit yang diisi dengan air.
Diagram 6.1 shows a concrete water tank filled with water.

Rajah 6.1
(a) Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan air di dalam tangki. [1 markah]

State one factor that affects the water pressure in the tank.

(b)
(i) Bandingkan tekanan air pada P dan Q. [1 markah]
Compare the water pressure at P and Q.

(ii) Hitung tekanan air pada Q. [1 markah]
Calculate the water pressure at Q. ( ketumpatan air / water density = 1000 kg m-3)

(c) Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan air mengalir dari tangki konkrit ke tangki air di rumah.
Diagram 6.2 shows water flows from the concrete tank to the house water tank.

Rajah 6.2
(i) Apakah faktor yang menyebabkan air boleh mengalir dari tangki konkrit ke tangki air di

rumah? [1 markah ]
What is the factor that causes the water to flow from the concrete tank to the water tank
in the house?

(ii) Pengaliran air dari tangki konkrit ke tangki air di rumah akan terhenti pada paras P.
Terangkan mengapa pengalirannya berhenti.[1 markah]
The flow of water from the concrete tank to the house will stop at level P. Explain why
the supply stops.

(iii) Cadangkan dua pengubahsuaian yang boleh dibuat untuk memastikan air dapat
mengalir secara berterusan ke tangki di rumah kediaman. [2 markah]
Suggest two modifications that can be done to ensure the water flow continuously to the
house water tank.

(iv) Lukiskan tangki air yang boleh menampung tekanan yang tinggi. [1 markah]
Draw a water tank that can withstand high water pressure.

7. Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan satu system hidraulik. Suatu daya F dikenakan keatas omboh kecil.
Diagram 7.1 shows a hydraulic system. A force F is exerted on the small piston.

(a)
(i) Namakan prinsip yang terlibat dalam system hidraulik ini. [1 markah]
Name the principle involved in this hydraulic system.