DC014 Lecture Note & Tutorial

5. Monitoring Performance

















































































Activity to monitor performance of CPU, Disk, Network and Memory in



computer

6. Establishing an Internet Connection















• OS includes a Set Up a Connection or Network





wizard that guides users through the process of





setting up a connection between a computer and




an Internet access provider.







• For example, Windows automatically configures





some broadband Internet connections as soon as





you connect to the broadband line.

6. Establishing an Internet Connection















• OS includes a Set Up a Connection or Network





wizard that guides users through the process of





setting up a connection between a computer and




an Internet access provider.







• For example, Windows automatically configures





some broadband Internet connections as soon as





you connect to the broadband line.

6. Establishing an Internet Connection

















































































Internet connection options for desktop and mobile operating systems

6. Establishing an Internet Connection

















































































Internet connection options for desktop and mobile operating systems

7. Providing File, Disk and





System Management Tools












• Operating systems often provide users with a variety of tools



related to managing computer, its devices, or its programs



with the capability of :



1. managing files,



2. searching for files,



3. viewing images,



4. securing a computer from unauthorized access,



5. uninstalling programs,



6. cleaning up disks,



7. defragmenting disks,



8. diagnosing problems,



9. backing up files and disks,



10. setting up screen savers.

7. Providing File, Disk and





System Management Tools












• Operating systems often provide users with a variety of tools



related to managing computer, its devices, or its programs



with the capability of :



1. managing files,



2. searching for files,



3. viewing images,



4. securing a computer from unauthorized access,



5. uninstalling programs,



6. cleaning up disks,



7. defragmenting disks,



8. diagnosing problems,



9. backing up files and disks,



10. setting up screen savers.

8. Controlling a Network















• A server operating system is an operating system





that organizes and coordinates how users access




and share resources on a network.







• Resources include hardware, software, data, and





information.







• For example, a server operating system allows




multiple users to share a printer, Internet access,





files, and programs.

8. Controlling a Network















• A server operating system is an operating system





that organizes and coordinates how users access




and share resources on a network.







• Resources include hardware, software, data, and





information.







• For example, a server operating system allows




multiple users to share a printer, Internet access,





files, and programs.

Summary














Explain the functions of operating system






i. Starting and Shutting Computers



ii. Providing a User Interface





iii. Managing Programs




iv. Managing Memory





v. Monitoring Performance




vi. Establishing an Internet Connection





vii. Providing File, Disk and System Management



Tools





viii. Controlling a Network

Summary














Explain the functions of operating system






i. Starting and Shutting Computers



ii. Providing a User Interface





iii. Managing Programs




iv. Managing Memory





v. Monitoring Performance




vi. Establishing an Internet Connection





vii. Providing File, Disk and System Management



Tools





viii. Controlling a Network

System Software












• 2.7.2 Utility Program





–2.7.2.1 Identify types of utility programs





i. File Manager




ii. Disk Cleanup




iii. Compression Tools




iv. Antivirus Program




v. Spyware Remover




vi. Disk Defragmenter





vii. Back-up and Restore Utility





–2.7.2.2 Explain the functions of the utility




programs

System Software












• 2.7.2 Utility Program





–2.7.2.1 Identify types of utility programs





i. File Manager




ii. Disk Cleanup




iii. Compression Tools




iv. Antivirus Program




v. Spyware Remover




vi. Disk Defragmenter





vii. Back-up and Restore Utility





–2.7.2.2 Explain the functions of the utility




programs

2.7.2 Utility Programs















• A utility program is a type of system software





that allows a user to perform maintenance-





type tasks, usually related to managing a




computer, its devices, or its programs.







• Most OS include several utility programs for





managing disk drives, printers and other





devices.

2.7.2 Utility Programs















• A utility program is a type of system software





that allows a user to perform maintenance-





type tasks, usually related to managing a




computer, its devices, or its programs.







• Most OS include several utility programs for





managing disk drives, printers and other





devices.

7 Types of Utility Programs















1. File Manager







2. Disk Cleanup






3. Compression Tools







4. Antivirus Program







5. Spyware Remover






6. Disk Defragmenter







7. Back-Up and Restore Utility

7 Types of Utility Programs















1. File Manager







2. Disk Cleanup






3. Compression Tools







4. Antivirus Program







5. Spyware Remover






6. Disk Defragmenter







7. Back-Up and Restore Utility

1. File Manager











• A file manager is a utility that performs functions




related to file management.






• Some of the file management functions are:






 displaying a list of files on a storage medium






 organizing files in folders






 copying, renaming, deleting, moving, sorting files



and folders






 creating shortcuts






• Examples are Windows File Manager and macOS Finder.

1. File Manager











• A file manager is a utility that performs functions




related to file management.






• Some of the file management functions are:






 displaying a list of files on a storage medium






 organizing files in folders






 copying, renaming, deleting, moving, sorting files



and folders






 creating shortcuts






• Examples are Windows File Manager and macOS Finder.

2. Disk Cleanup












• A disk cleanup tools searches for and removes





unnecessary files on computers and mobile





devices.






• Unnecessary files may include:







downloaded program files







temporary Internet files






deleted files







unused program files.







• Examples are CCLeaner and CleanMyPC.

2. Disk Cleanup












• A disk cleanup tools searches for and removes





unnecessary files on computers and mobile





devices.






• Unnecessary files may include:







downloaded program files







temporary Internet files






deleted files







unused program files.







• Examples are CCLeaner and CleanMyPC.

3. Compression Tools














• A file compression tools shrinks the size of





a file(s).





• Compressed files sometimes are called





zipped files. When receive or download a





compressed file, the file must be




uncompressed it.





• To uncompressed a file, restore the file(s) or





folder(s) it contains to their original form.




• Examples are WinRAR and WinZip.

3. Compression Tools














• A file compression tools shrinks the size of





a file(s).





• Compressed files sometimes are called





zipped files. When receive or download a





compressed file, the file must be




uncompressed it.





• To uncompressed a file, restore the file(s) or





folder(s) it contains to their original form.




• Examples are WinRAR and WinZip.

4. Antivirus Program













• An antivirus program protects a computer





against viruses by identifying and removing




any computer viruses found in memory, on





storage media, or on incoming files.





• The term, computer virus, describes a





potentially damaging computer program that





affects, or infects, a computer negatively by




altering the way the computer works without





the user’s knowledge or permission.

4. Antivirus Program













• An antivirus program protects a computer





against viruses by identifying and removing




any computer viruses found in memory, on





storage media, or on incoming files.





• The term, computer virus, describes a





potentially damaging computer program that





affects, or infects, a computer negatively by




altering the way the computer works without





the user’s knowledge or permission.

4. Antivirus Program














• Examples of antivirus programs are:






1. McAfee VirusScan







2. Norton Antivirus







3. Windows Live

4. Antivirus Program














• Examples of antivirus programs are:






1. McAfee VirusScan







2. Norton Antivirus







3. Windows Live

5. Spyware Remover












• A spyware remover is a program that detects and





deletes spyware and other similar programs.





• Spyware is a program placed on a computer




without the user’s knowledge that secretly





collects information about the user and then





communicate the information its collect to some





outside sources while the user is online.





• Examples are Spy Sweeper and Spybot.

5. Spyware Remover












• A spyware remover is a program that detects and





deletes spyware and other similar programs.





• Spyware is a program placed on a computer




without the user’s knowledge that secretly





collects information about the user and then





communicate the information its collect to some





outside sources while the user is online.





• Examples are Spy Sweeper and Spybot.

6. Disk Defragmenter













• A disk defragmenter is a tools that reorganizes the files




and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the




operating system accesses data more quickly and




programs run faster.





• When an operating system stores data on a disk, it places




the data in the first available sector on the disk.






• It attempts to place data in sectors that are contiguous




(next to each other), but this is not always possible.






• When the contents of a file are scattered across two or




more noncontiguous sectors, the file is fragmented.

6. Disk Defragmenter













• A disk defragmenter is a tools that reorganizes the files




and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the




operating system accesses data more quickly and




programs run faster.





• When an operating system stores data on a disk, it places




the data in the first available sector on the disk.






• It attempts to place data in sectors that are contiguous




(next to each other), but this is not always possible.






• When the contents of a file are scattered across two or




more noncontiguous sectors, the file is fragmented.

6. Disk Defragmenter













• Fragmentation slows down disk access and thus the




performance of the entire computer.






• Defragmenting the disk, or reorganizing it so that the




files are stored in contiguous sectors, solves this



problem.






• Examples are MyDefrag and Defraggler.

6. Disk Defragmenter













• Fragmentation slows down disk access and thus the




performance of the entire computer.






• Defragmenting the disk, or reorganizing it so that the




files are stored in contiguous sectors, solves this



problem.






• Examples are MyDefrag and Defraggler.

7. Back-Up and Restore Utility















• A backup tools allows users to copy, or back up,





selected files or an entire hard disk to another





storage medium such as another hard disk,




optical disc, USB flash drive, or the cloud.





• Restore tools reverses the process and returns





backed up files to their original form.





• Backup tools work with a restore tools.




• Examples are BackupPC and Super Backup.

7. Back-Up and Restore Utility















• A backup tools allows users to copy, or back up,





selected files or an entire hard disk to another





storage medium such as another hard disk,




optical disc, USB flash drive, or the cloud.





• Restore tools reverses the process and returns





backed up files to their original form.





• Backup tools work with a restore tools.




• Examples are BackupPC and Super Backup.

Functions of Utility Programs












Tool Function





File Manager • Performs functions related to displaying files;



organizing files in folders; and copying, renaming,




deleting, moving and sorting files





Disk Cleanup • Searches and removes unnecessary files





Disk • Reorganizes the files and unused space on a




Defragmenter computer’s hard disk so that the operating system



accesses data more quickly and programs and apps




run faster

Functions of Utility Programs












Tool Function





File Manager • Performs functions related to displaying files;



organizing files in folders; and copying, renaming,




deleting, moving and sorting files





Disk Cleanup • Searches and removes unnecessary files





Disk • Reorganizes the files and unused space on a




Defragmenter computer’s hard disk so that the operating system



accesses data more quickly and programs and apps




run faster

Functions of Utility Programs












Tool Function




Antivirus • protects a computer against viruses by identifying




Programs and removing any computer viruses found in




memory, on storage media, or on incoming files





Spyware • detects and deletes spyware and other similar



Remover programs





File • Shrink the size of file(s)




Compression





Backup and • Copies selected files or the contents of an entire




Restore storage medium to another storage location

Functions of Utility Programs












Tool Function




Antivirus • protects a computer against viruses by identifying




Programs and removing any computer viruses found in




memory, on storage media, or on incoming files





Spyware • detects and deletes spyware and other similar



Remover programs





File • Shrink the size of file(s)




Compression





Backup and • Copies selected files or the contents of an entire




Restore storage medium to another storage location

Summary












2.1 Motherboard







2.2 Processor







2.3 Memory







2.4 Input And Output Devices







2.5 Storage







2.6 Adapter Cards







2.7 System Software

Summary












2.1 Motherboard







2.2 Processor







2.3 Memory







2.4 Input And Output Devices







2.5 Storage







2.6 Adapter Cards







2.7 System Software

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022








CHAPTER 2
















2.0 HARDWARE



AND



SOFTWARE














DC014 TUTORIAL







UNIT SAINS KOMPUTER


KOLEJ MATRIKULASI KEDAH



1

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022


Hour 11 - 13
2.0 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
2.1 Mother Board

1 Define motherboard.
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2 Give two (2) functions of motherboard.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________


3 Differentiate between attach components and built-in components.
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


4 List three (3) attach components and three (3) built-in components of a motherboard.

Attach components Built-in components






5 Explain the function of each built-in component listed above.

Built-in components Function







6 List two (2) types of adapter card slots and state their functions.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________






2

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022


7 Identify the hardware component on the motherboard based on the given statements.

Statement Hardware component


a) To connect devices such as network cards, sound cards,
modems extra ports such as USB or serial TV tuner cards and
disk controllers.


b) Houses of CPU and forms the electrical interface with the
CPU.


c) Consists of memory chips that can be read from and written
to by the processor and other devices.


























































3

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022

Hour 14 - 17

2.0 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

2.2 Processor

1 Describe the functions of the processor/CPU.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2 List two (2) components of the CPU.
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


3 Describe the functions of each component of the CPU.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________


4 Give two (2) leading manufacturers of processor.
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

5 Draw block diagram of components in a machine cycle.











6 Explain four (4) main operations in a machine cycle drawn above.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________



4

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022



7 Describe the first and the last processes involve in the Machine Cycle.
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


8 Name two (2) steps of machine cycle that involve memory directly.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________


9 Scenario : Umar entered an instruction to his computer to calculate A= 30-24.
Identify the component involved for each step in machine cycle to accomplish his order.


Step component
1

2

3
4


10 A student types from keyboard a mathematic problem: 100 - 60 into a computer.
Explain how the computer solves the problem using steps in a machine cycle.


a) The _____________________ fetches the mathematic problem’s ______________ and
_________ from ________________ ; 100 – 60.

b) The _______________________ decodes the mathematic problem’s and ____________
the instructions and data to the _________________ .

c) _______________ performs the calculations on the data; 100 – 60 = 40
d) The results of the mathematic problem are stored in ____________________________ .


11 A student enters a mathematic problem: 899 x 4 into a computer.
Explain how the computer solves the problem using steps in a machine cycle.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

5

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022


12 Explain how the computer solves the problem below using steps in a machine cycle.
Scenario: A user enters an instruction (M=PxQ) and data (P=10, Q=50) into the memory.


Steps Operation








13 Explain the steps involved when you are given 2000 X 2000 to be processed.

Steps Operation

1

2
3

4


14 Identify and state the step in a machine cycle based on the given description

Description Step

a) The process of carrying out the commands.
b) The process of translating the instruction into signals that the computer
can execute

c) Writing the result to memory

d) The process of obtaining a program or an application instruction or data
item from memory


15 State the unit to measure CPU speed.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________










6

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022


Hour 18 - 21
2.0 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
2.3 Memory

1 State the function of memory.
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________


2 Memory can be classified in two (2) types.
a) List two (2) types of memory.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________


b) Differentiate two (2) types of memory.








c) Name three (3) examples for each type of memory.
________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

3 Identify the name of memory that:

a) Mounted inside the system
__________________________________________________________________________



b) Can be removed from the computer

__________________________________________________________________________

4 Describe RAM.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________




7

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022


5 State three (3) types of RAMs.
__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

6 Describe ROM.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________


7 List three (3) types of ROMs.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________


8 Give one (1) example of program that stored in ROM.

__________________________________________________________________________


9 Differentiate between RAM and ROM.


RAM ROM








10 Explain the connection or the consequence between RAM and the performance of the
computer.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________












8

DC014 Computer Science 1 Session 2021/2022


11 Identify the type of memory (E.g: RAM, ROM or others) based for each the statement below:

No. Statement Type

a) Retains its memory even after the computer is turned off.

b) My capacity is measured in only a few thousand bytes.

c) I forget everything when the computer switches off.

d) I have the booting instructions stored for when the
computer is switched on.

e) The computer can only read data from me.

f) My capacity is measured in gigabytes.

g) Stores the data being processed.

h) Data is fixed when the chip is made.

i) . _______ is a method of storing data bits using magnetic
charges instead of the electrical charges

j) ______ must be periodically refreshed in order to be able
to retain data.


12 Explain the role of memory in a machine cycle.

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________


13 State the advantage of memory that have bigger capacity rather than smaller capacity memory.

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________
















9