SIF Yearbook 2015.indd 1 11/9/2015 8:41:43 PM
SIF Yearbook 2015.indd 2 11/9/2015 8:41:44 PM
His Majesty
King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
The King of Bahrain
His Royal Highness
Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa
The Prime Minister
Kingdom of Bahrain
His Royal Highness
Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa
The Crown Prince and Deputy Supreme Commander
and First Deputy Prime Minister
Kingdom of Bahrain
Shri. Pranab Kumar Mukherjee
President of India
Exploring the science world...
We are living in an era of pioneering developments in science and technology and
those who make the most of it excel in all areas. Kingdom of Bahrain pays greatest
importance to the youth and their exposure to the changing world of science and
technology.
I am very much impressed with the voluntary work of Science India Forum Bahrain
(SIF) encouragingly supported by the Indian Embassy and Indian Space Research
Organization. Let me also appreciate your task of promoting science education among
our children and Kingdom of Bahrain is a fertile soil for young scientists and
technocrats to showcase their talents and inventions.
Beloved SIF people, go on with your great work to put Bahrain shining in the world of
emerging trends and science and let me extend all the best wishes for your innovative
projects and the forthcoming Annual Award Ceremony 2015.
Nasser bin Hamad Al Khalifa
His Majesty the King's Representative for Charity and Youth Affairs
Chairman of the Supreme Council for Youth and Sports
President of the Bahrain Olympic Committee
Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Royal Charity Organisation
Exploring the science world...
We are living in an era of pioneering developments in science and technology and
those who make the most of it excel in all areas. Kingdom of Bahrain pays greatest
importance to the youth and their exposure to the changing world of science and
technology.
I am very much impressed with the voluntary work of Science India Forum Bahrain
(SIF) encouragingly supported by the Indian Embassy and Indian Space Research
Organization. Let me also appreciate your task of promoting science education among
our children and Kingdom of Bahrain is a fertile soil for young scientists and
technocrats to showcase their talents and inventions.
Beloved SIF people, go on with your great work to put Bahrain shining in the world of
emerging trends and science and let me extend all the best wishes for your innovative
projects and the forthcoming Annual Award Ceremony 2015.
Nasser bin Hamad Al Khalifa
His Majesty the King's Representative for Charity and Youth Affairs
Chairman of the Supreme Council for Youth and Sports
President of the Bahrain Olympic Committee
Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Royal Charity Organisation
Message From
The Revolutionary world of Science and Technology
In a time of revolutionary advances in technology and science it is essential
to invest in our younger generations and expose them to the broadening
fields of science and technology.
It is encouraging to see that the Science India Forum Bahrain (SIF),
through voluntary work, engages directly with our youth to promote the
importance of science and technology education.
I wish the Science India Forum Bahrain the very best in the forthcoming
annual award event ceremony 2015 and look forward to the continuation
of its efforts in the future.
Lieutenant-General Yusuf bin Ahmed Al-Jalahma
Minister of Defence Affairs
Bahrain Defence Force
Kingdom of Bahrain
SIF Yearbook 2015.indd 12 11/11/2015 9:57:50 PM
Message From
Alok Kumar Sinha
September 23, 2015
Message
I am glad to know that the Science India Forum Bahrain will be
awarding certificates and medallions to winners of Sastra Pratibha Contest
(SPC) 2015 to encourage and promote scientific temper among children.
The Science India Forum has been organizing the event to highlight the
achievements of India in science & technology and to encourage students
to inculcate scientific composure.
I wish the Science India Forum, Bahrain all the very best for arranging
th
Sastra Pratibha Contest Award Ceremony on 13 November 2015.
(Alok K Sinha)
DR. HARSH VARDHAN
-110001
MINISTER
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
NEW DELHI - 110001
MESSAGE
I am very glad to know that Science India Forum Bahrain is
organizing an award ceremony for the Sastra Pratibhas (toppers of the
th
Sastra Pratibha Contest) on 13 November, 2015.
Science India Forum Bahrain (SIF Bahrain) is a voluntary
organization comprising of professionals in the fields of education,
science and technology, business and philanthropy in Bahrain. It
would be a good platform to identify, appreciate and guide young
talents with interest in science and technology.
I convey my best wishes to the Science India Forum Bahrain on
this occasion and wish for its successful completion.
(Dr. Harsh Vardhan)
209, 2 110001 :+91-11-23316766, 23714230; : +91-11-23316745
209, Anusandhan Bhawan, 2, Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001 Ph.: +91-11-23316766, 23714230; Fax : +91-11-23316745
Message From
DR. HARSH VARDHAN
-110001 A. Jayakumar
MINISTER
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES Secretary General
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Vijnana Bharati
NEW DELHI - 110001
Science India Forum (SIF) is an initiative by Vijnana Bharati,
to inculcate scientific temper in the young minds and lead
them into the area of research and development. India and the
world at large is experiencing a vacuum in the R&D field and
this could lead to an era of no innovations for the betterment
of the society.
The Science Talent Search Contest (Sastra Pratibha Contest)
conducted every year is one such activity which has gained
popularity among the students in Bahrain. This year we
introduced the second level screening to give a different
exposure to the young talents. This talent search is no doubt
a valuable opportunity for the younger generation to present
their innate talents and capabilities. SIFBahrain is a platform
to nurture their skills as future scientists and researchers,
also help them to move further in their chosen field of science
and technology.
Vijnana Bharati takes this opportunity to congratulate the
winners of the contest, parents, teachers and the management
of institutions and also for the continuous support given to
SIFBahrain. The efforts put by the Bahrain team to inculcate
science and technology among school children is praiseworthy.
With Best Regards
A. Jayakumar
209, 2 110001 :+91-11-23316766, 23714230; : +91-11-23316745
209, Anusandhan Bhawan, 2, Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001 Ph.: +91-11-23316766, 23714230; Fax : +91-11-23316745
www.sifbahrain.com
Message From
Ravindra Khot
Chief Operating Officer
Ithmaar Bank
The Science India Forum (SIF) Bahrain initiative to encourage
science students and, once again, honour winners of the
Sastra Pratibha Contest (Science Talent Search Examination)
is indeed commendable, and I am pleased to note the event’s
growing success.
The influence of science on people’s lives is growing in
almost all aspects, including medicine, banking and finance,
construction and manufacturing, and the recent benefits
to humanity are unparalleled in the history of the human
species. In fact, the applications of science today affect
virtually everyone in areas as diverse as food production,
genetic research in medicine, global change and energy. The
impact, however, of technological interventions on individual
people, communities and the environment must be carefully
considered, and scientific findings must be applied at the
right scales.
Today’s budding scientists, for example, have increasing
obligations to become more involved with both policy-makers
and the general public to help find and implement solutions
- or other means - of adapting to issues that are both local
and global such as reconciling the present competitive profit
motive with the common good, ensuring contributions from,
as well as benefits to, marginalized elements of society and
minority cultures; justifying current expenditures to prevent
damage to future generations; and rewarding collective rather
than individual efforts. The role of science in society and
governance really has never been more important.
Science also helps instil, and subsequently nurture, a culture
of innovation. This is of critical importance, particularly for
today’s youth, the budding scientist, who will ultimately
shape our collective futures: every effort to develop scientific
innovation among the youth is a solid, long-term investment,
and I am pleased to note the growing achievements of SIF in
this regard.
I congratulate the winners of the Sastra Pratibha Contest,
and wish them continued success. I take this opportunity,
also, to thank the SIF Bahrain team of their efforts, and to
congratulate them on having developed a popular platform
that helps nurture scientific innovation among the youth.
With best regards,
Ravindra Khot
Message From
Prakash Kumar Devji
Managing Director, Devji Group
Patron, SIF Bahrain
Science India Forum, is truly creating a worthy platform for
students in Bahrain. This forum has ignited a keen interest in
students and adults alike. I take this opportunity to congratulate
the managing committee of Science India Forum for their
initiative and dedication.
Science is an integral part of every day life for all of us. Even
economics and finance have hints of science. Economics as a
subject is science in its methodology and an art in its application,
mainly because it has theoretical as well as practical aspects.
A life without aspects of science in it is near impossible.
India as a culture, is a land of seekers and not believers. This
fundamental make up of the Indian psyche was the foundation
for the vast number of scientific discoveries that are attributed
to our great nation. Today the brilliance of Indian minds is
recognized across the world, however, if we as a society are not
careful we might very soon lose this privilege. It’s our duty as
parents, teachers and societies to fuel the curiosity of young
minds, bringing to the forefront the seeker in each one of them.
The young mind is filled with a variety of questions, stemming
from the fountain of curiosity. Fuelling this curiosity, allowing it
to blossom and flourish should be the goal.
If this aspect is ignored and we continue to “educate” our
children in the traditional sense, where we convert them into
believers rather than seekers, we will soon have a vast young
population on hand that excels in carrying out instructions, but
fails to imagine and invent. Traditional education practices are a
necessity of today’s world. They are required for survival, but, in
the quest of survival, we as a society should ensure that India’s
legacy as an innovator remains intact.
Science India Forum is one such initiative - an initiative to fuel
this curiosity and imagination in the minds of young Indian
minds and I sincerely hope that this forum will continue its
quest and will not rest till it has given the motherland either a
C.V. Raman or a Sir M. Vishweshwariah or a Jagdish Chandra
Bose.
Jai Hind. Bharat Mata ki Jai.
Prakash Kumar Devji
Message From
Dr. Ravi Warrior
Chairman,
SIF Advisory Board
Desperate attempts sometimes leads to disaster. Hard work
with dedication bear good end results and happiness as well.
Science India Forum in Bahrain aims to bring out the best
and talented students with fine-tuned scientific aptitude to
lime light. We show them the path to march ahead in the field
of science and Technology. This century is looking forward
to nurture and create talented scientists who can contribute
to curb disaster and aim development. India has trust upon
these young brains. They should be channelized to the right
logical and creative thinking; scientific thinking as we may
say. While we discuss this, please allow me to jolt down a few
lines from the autobiography of an unknown neuro scientist…
“Long before I ever wanted to be a neuroscientist, I wished
to become a Broadway star. But despite my early showbiz
dreams, I quickly and easily fell into a life of total science
geekdom, and followed those scientific aspirations to the
University of California, Berkeley my family’s alma mater”
Inspiration from every corner should escalate your creativity
and failure in many attempts should be a lesson for the next
step’s fine time preparations.
We, at Science India Forum, are a group of dedicated people
and we are here to support you for all your progress. I wish
and pray for all these today’s young kids to be at the helm of
their aim and shine as tomorrow’s scientists.
As I conclude let me quote Swami Vivekananda’s few lines.
“The rain drop from the sky, if it’s caught in your hands is
pure enough for drinking. If it falls in gutter its value drops so
much that it can’t be used for washing the feet. If it falls on a
hot surface, it perishes. If it falls on a lotus leaf, it shines like
a pearl and finally if it falls on oyster, it becomes a pearl. The
drop is the same, but its existence and worth depends on with
whom it associates”…….
Best Wishes...
Dr. Ravi Warrior
Message From
T. M. Nanda Kumar
G.C.C. Coordinator, Science India Forum
Member of the Governing Council, Vijnana Bharati, India.
I am really happy to learn that Science India Forum – Bahrain
is coming out with yet another Science Year Book which will be
th
released during their Gala on 13 November 2015. As always,
I am sure that this informative Year Book also would provide
abundance of knowledge and information to all the readers.
In Science India Forum we sincerely believe that the future of
any Nation depends entirely on the shoulders of their Younger
Generation and the progress made in the field of Research and
Development by them especially in the field of Science and
Technology.
The Vision and Mission of Science India Forum is to impart the
scientific knowledge from time immemorial to our children and
to nurture their propensities to become the future leaders of
this world. I am sure with this noble endeavor of SIF- Bahrain,
the students in Bahrain would be provided with a platform to
realize their inherent potential and become contributors to the
betterment of humanity.
This year we have lost a wonderful personality, an eminent
Scientist our beloved APJ, who taught us to dream high and
showed us the way how to succeed in life with sheer determination
and concentration. India needs many more Scientists to complete
his mission “BEYOND 2020 – A VISION FOR TOMORROW’S
INDIA” and it is the endeavor of Science India Forum to provide
the necessary platform to the young minds.
I wish Parents, Teachers and the Science loving community
would join as a team to accomplish this dream of shaping an
erudite and exuberant society where Science holds a prominent
role.
Let me take this opportunity to congratulate the entire team of
Science India Forum- Bahrain for their sagacity and relentless
efforts that made this venerable mission a reality in a very short
time.
T. M. Nanda Kumar
ARYAN TRAVEL & TOURS
Tel: 17100083 – 33879900
www.aryantt.com
HOLIDAY PACKAGES
CRUISE PACKAGES
PILGRIM PACKAGES
ADVENTURE TOURS
HONEYMOON PACKAGES
LUXURY TRAIN JOURNEY
MEDICAL PACKAGES
LUXURY RESORTS
BUSINESS TOUR PLANNING
Your Vation-Our Devotion
www.sifbahrain.com 20 Scientech 2015-16
ARYAN TRAVEL & TOURS
Tel: 17100083 – 33879900 Message From
www.aryantt.com
Vinod Manikkara
Hon. President
Science India Forum - Bahrain
We are about to complete the third annual cycle of events now.
Looking back, the last three years have been very encouraging,
the popularity and acceptance of Sastra Pratibha Contest (SPC)
has steadily increased and SIF Bahrain has become a familiar
name in the households of students community.
HOLIDAY PACKAGES The encouragement we received from HRH Shaikh Nasser bin
Hamad Al Khalifa for the noble cause of promoting science
CRUISE PACKAGES among children in Bahrain has helped us to explore higher
volunteering potential to bring excellence in the field. His
Excellency Alok Kumar Sinha, Ambassador of India to Bahrain
PILGRIM PACKAGES along with the embassy staff was with us whenever we needed
support.
ADVENTURE TOURS
This year out of 7563 students appeared for the SPC, 79
HONEYMOON PACKAGES students qualified for the level 2 assessments which were held
as a Science Camp. They were assessed for multiple intelligence
with the support of international education experts from
LUXURY TRAIN JOURNEY Australia and New Zealand. I wish, the 16 Sastra Pratibhas all
success to become leaders in their respective fields.
MEDICAL PACKAGES I have immense pleasure in dedicating this yearbook to all those
LUXURY RESORTS Science loving community here. I wish to express my sincere
gratitude to our sponsors, well wishers, parents, teachers,
BUSINESS TOUR PLANNING students and great volunteers of SIF Bahrain for their unwavering
support and efforts which made this mission possible.
Let almighty give us enough strength and commitment to make
the vision of our patron and mentor late Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam
a reality.
With Best Regards
Vinod Manikkara
Your Vation-Our Devotion
www.sifbahrain.com
ScieNce iNDiA FoRuM BAhRAiN
Scientech 2015-16
59 World’s First Digital Camera
61 Sastra Pratibha Contest 2015
Science Camp (Level 2)
62 Can Machines Think
Cover Image Courtesy : Unknown Artist 67 Sastra Pratibhas - 2015
CONTENTS 68 Sastrayaan - 2015
71 Communication Satellites
23 From Editor’s Desk 72 Nature Our Teacher
25 Advisory Board 73 How Dose A Satellite Function?
27 Why National Science Movement 75 Bon Voyage Of Science
28 The Geometer Par Excellence 76 A+ Grade Winners
31 Why We Don’t Feel Earth’s Rotation? 79 Batteries From Mushrooms...
32 Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Legacy 80 “A” Grade Students
40 The Glimpses of APJ’s Glorious Life 86 How To Be A Leader
43 The Other Side of Moon 89 Blood Donation Camp/Parents Meet
44 Award Ceremony 2014 93 IT - An Epicenter of Change
47 Coordinator Photos/Coodinator’s Meeting 94 Meet The Scientist
49 Sastra Pratibha Contest 2015 97 Remote Sensing Satellite
51 Yoga - The Awakening of Subtle Energy 98 Ancient Indian Researchers
54 Sustainability - A Balancing Act 99 News Paper Clippings
57 Sastra Pratibha Contest Level 2 Qualifiers 100 Annual Report of SIF Bahrain 2014-15
Editiorial Team
Sham Kutty Renjith Gopalkrishnan Deepthi Rajeesh Sabeesh Machery
From Editor’s Desk
Dear Readers,
SCIENCE INDIA FORUM, BAHRAIN (SIF Bahrain) is publishing the yearbook on the
occasion of honouring the Sastra Pratibhas & Toppers of the Sastra Pratibha Contest. The
contest was conducted in two phases this year.
This year we dedicate our yearbook as a tribute to the “People’s President” & “Missile Man
of India” Dr. APJ Abdulkalam. It is a great loss to all of us, specially the younger generation,
for them he was a great teacher and an inspirational leader. Today, as we celebrate the
success of our young budding scientists, Science India Forum Bahrain is committed to
fulfill the vision of our mentor and patron Dr. APJ Abdulkalam.
Science India Forum, Bahrain provides a platform for young talents to identify their
scientific temper and nurture them to the benefit of the individual and in turn for the well-
being of mankind. Last year’s “Meet the Scientist” program was one such event which was
attended by students in large numbers. During the event, it was seen that the students
were making good use of the opportunity provided to them, the questions were pouring out
of their inquisitive minds looking for answers.
The objective of SIF Bahrain is to share information about the glorious scientific tradition
that India had in the ancient times to the latest developments in Science & Technology,
this can generate confidence and collective self-esteem in our young generation of budding
scientists.
SIF Bahrain is highly indebted to the Honorable Royal Family of Bahrain and
HRH Shaikh Nasser bin Hamad Al Khalifa, for encouraging us to pursue the noble cause of
promoting science among children in Bahrain. We also take this opportunity to thank the
authors & reviewers for their contribution towards this yearbook. We wish to express our
deepest gratitude to the officials of the Embassy of India, Bahrain, Indian Space Research
Organisation (ISRO) and Vijnana Bharati for their assistance and guidance through this
journey. A special thanks goes to our well-wishers & sponsors who have continued their
support for this noble cause.
Thanking you all once again !
Jai Hind
Sham Kutty
Chief Editor
www.sifbahrain.com 24 Scientech 2015-16
Our Advisory Board
Dr. Ravi Warrior
Chairman
Dr. Thajudeen Bhagwan Asarpota
John oommen R. Pavithran
Shyam Kumar Dr. Babu Ramachandran
Kalyan Kumar Murali Warrier
P.K Prasad Shyla Somakumar
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 25
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Why National Science
Movement... Courtesy : Vijnana Bharati
ndia faces critical challenges as a nation contributions from India which kindles the
Iin its march towards a welfare state. spirit of creativity and science. This activity
Considering the nature of the challenges has resulted in locating the scientific talent
which are so unique, only rapid strides in among the youth and it is spreading year by
the sector of science and technology, in year among the youth.
resonance with India’s heritage can meet Vijnana Bharati has already earned
those challenges. In this context Vijnana its niche as a trendsetter in imparting
Bharati, a science movement with swadeshi
spirit has a greater role to play. Vijnana knowledge to the young generation across
Bharati has units in 22 states across India and lately abroad through various
the country. It is working in 11 different activities, one of them being the Sastra
areas through autonomous institutions, Pratibha Contest.
independent organizations & also as project Sastra Pratibha Contest is an inter-school
entities. science talent search contest initiated by
Vijnana Bharati which has been conducting
National Science Movement was started this contest for years among the students
by a few eminent scientists from Indian in India and lately abroad.
Institute of Science - (Bengaluru) under the
guidance of Prof. K. I. Vasu. This movement The objectives of SPC are to:
gradually gained momentum and emerged
as an organization with national presence. • Introduce the youth to the rich scientific
In 1991 (Oct 21-20), at the Nagpur meet, heritage of India in the field of Science
it was decided, to launch the Swadeshi and Technology in order to kindle a flair
Science Movement at all India Level and within the students for Science and
name it as Vijnana Bharati. Technology and to take up the subject
as a career.
The foundation principle of Vijnana Bharati
is made • Provide opportunities for students to
realize their potential and nurture their
• As a vibrant movement for the talents.
development of Swadeshi Sciences.
• Identify, appreciate and guide the
• As a dynamic Science Movement with a students with special aptitude for
Swadeshi Spirit, interlinking traditional Science and Technology.
and modern sciences on one hand,
natural and spiritual sciences on the • Contribute towards INDIA VISION 2020
other hand. conceived by the former President of
India, Late Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
• As a Swadeshi Movement with modern (www.indiavision2020.org)
sciences adapted to national needs.
Vijnana Bharati imbibes the spirit of The toppers of the SPC have an opportunity
scientific inquiry in the young by inculcating to interact with top Indian scientists and
the ancient and modern day scientific also get career guidance
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 27
The geometer par
excellence
Abu Al Wafa Al Buzajani
Abu Al Wafa, an innovator whose contributions believed to be Abu al-Wafa’s own invention. He
to science include one of the first known studied and discussed different movements of
introductions to negative numbers, and the the Moon and discovered variations. Sometime
development of the first quadrant, a tool between 961 and 976 CE he wrote Fima yahtaj
used by astronomers to examine the sky. His ilayhi al-kuttab wal-ummal min `ilm al-hisab
pioneering work in spherical trigonometry was (The book on what men of knowledge, workers
hugely influential for both mathematics and (in the field) and arithmetic require). In the
astronomy. introduction to this book, he wrote that his book
comprised all that an experienced or novice,
In our innovative society, we don’t always stop subordinate or an expert in arithmetic needs to
to reflect on the historical figures whose work know, the art of civil servants, the employment
makes our own advances possible. Abu al- of land taxes and all kinds of business needed
Wafa’s legacy demonstrates the monumental in administrations, rations and proportions,
importance of some of history’s lesser known multiplication, division, measurements, land
scientists taxes, distribution, exchange and all other
practices used by various categories of men for
A leading astronomer, mathematician, and doing business and which are useful to them in
engineer of the middle ages, Abu al-Wafa their daily life.
Muhammed al-Buzajani was a Persian-born
scientist who migrated to settle in Baghdad. As It is interesting that during this period there
the name indicates, Abu al-Wafa hailed from were two types of arithmetic books, those using
Buzajan, now a deserted land in the vicinity of Indian symbols and those of finger-reckoning
the small town of Torbat-e-Jam of Khurasan type. The business community and laymen in
province, where he was born in 328 H/ 940 CE. general continued to use their finger arithmetic
throughout the tenth century. Abu al-Wafa, in
Abu al-Wafa obtained his basic education spite of his being an expert in Indian numerals,
in Mathematics in his hometown, or nearby adopted finger arithmetic throughout the
Nishapur, before leaving for Baghdad. teaching material he authored for the business
community. In this system, known as Hisab al-
His life coincided with political upheavals in the Jumal, the numbers were represented by letters
Islamic world and there occurred a transition of in the ancient order of Arabic alphabets, abjad-
power to a new dynasty that ruled from 940 to hawwaz, etc.
1055 CE, the Buwayhid family. The Buwayhids,
during their golden phase, were credited with
sponsoring and patronizing scientific projects
like building observatories, Bimaristans,
irrigation dams, and other such projects.
They also encouraged scientific research and
patronized many scientists in that period.
Abu al-Wafa worked, along with other scientists,
in this observatory which was commissioned
in 988 CE. Among the instruments in the
observatory was a quadrant over six meters
long and a stone sextant of eighteen meters, the
first instance in history where a wall quadrant Image developed by Reza Sarhangi and Robert Fathauer inspired
by Abul Wafa Buzjani,s construction of a regular heptagon
was used for the accurate measurement of contained in his treatise,”on those parts of Geometry needed by
the angular distance from the equator on the Craftsmen”.His construction is illustrated by the line work in the
celestial sphere located midway between the center portion of the print.The characters around the perimeter of
the design repeat Buzjani’s name in recognition of Abdul Wafa’s
fixed points of the North and South poles. This is contributions
www.sifbahrain.com 28 Scientech 2015-16
The book, one of the few extant treatises for Abu al-Wafa’s contributions in the field of
Abu al-Wafa, dwelt into ratios and fractions trigonometry were extensive and recognized
that involved business dealings and gave for the first use of the tan function and for the
good explanations to arithmetical operations compilation of tables of sines and tangents at
employing integers and fractions. 15’ intervals. He also introduced the sec and
cosec and studied the interrelations between
He gave a demonstration of one of his riddles for the six trigonometric lines associated with an
numbers that produce the same sum whether arc. His new methods of calculating sine tables
added to each other or multiplied: made them accurate to eight decimal tables
1 + 2 + 3 = 1 * 2 * 3 = 6. (converted to decimal notation); Ptolemy’s were
only accurate to three places.
His other manual Al-Handasa is believed to
have been written much later than the earlier In the words of EI: The chief merit of Abu
manual, although, as the Encyclopedia of Islam ‘l-Wafa consists in the further development of
suggests, it might have been a collection of his trigonometry; it is to him that we owe, in spherical
lectures penned down by one of his students. trigonometry, for the right-angled triangle,
It mentioned the interactions of artists and the substitution, for the perfect quadrilateral
artisans with mathematicians on topics such as with the proposition of Menelaus, of the so
geometric constructions of ornamental patterns called from these formulae he further infers :
and the application of geometry to architectural cos c = cos a cos b.
construction.
Another interesting aspect of this particular work
of Abu al-Wafa’s is that he tries, where possible, You have to do something pretty great
to solve his problems with ruler and compass to get a moon crater named after you !!!
constructions. When this is not possible, he Abu Al Wafa’s works on the orbit of
uses approximate methods. However, there are the moon earned him lasting fame,
a whole collection of problems which he solves a crater in the moon is being named
using a ruler and fixed compass, that is one after him next to many other such
where the angle between the legs of the compass craters named after great astronomers,
is fixed, which he believed would give more exact mathematicians, and other scientists.
results than can be obtained by changing the
compass opening.
Abu al-Wafa was given the title Mohandes by
the mathematicians, scientists, and artisans
of his time, which meant “the Geometer par
excellence.”
Moon crater named after Abu Wafa
For the oblique-angled spherical triangle he
probably first established the sine proposition
(cf. Carra de Vaux, loc. cit., 408-40). We are also
indebted to him for the method of calculation of
the sine of 30’, the result of which agrees up to
8 decimals with its real value (Woepke, in JA,
1860, 296 ff.).”
There are other works of al-Buzajani which
include his Kitab al-Kamil (The Complete Book),
a simplified version of Ptolemy’s Almagest.Apart
from those above – mentioned, he wrote many
other books of which only titles remains, the
books are lost
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 29
For eve BD 400or eve BD 400
F
worth of purchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewel
worth of pur
worth of pur
worth of pur
worth of pur
worth of pur
win v
win v
win v
win v
win vouchers for ouchers for ouchers for ouchers for ouchers for ouchers for
win v
the aabhushan collectionollection
the aabhushan c
Complimenta silv
Complimenta silver coin on aller coin on all
pur
purchases made on 9th November, 2015chases made on 9th November, 2015
to celebrate the auspicious occasiono celebrate the auspicious occasion
t
of Dhanteraseras
of Dhant
@devjisince1950
/devji1950
/devjisince1950vjisince1950
/de /devji1950 @devjisince1950
www.sifbahrain.com 30 Scientech 2015-16
Why we don’t feel
Earth’s rotation?
Article by SIGNE DEAN
Here’s the scientific explanation !
You’re travelling at 465 metres per second right now.
It should not come as a surprise to you that our planet, with its atmosphere and everything on
it, is constantly spinning. At the equator the speed of rotation is about 1,675 kilometres per
hour (1,040 mph), which means that right this very moment, you’re travelling at something
like 465 metres per second, or a little less if you›re located closer to one of the poles.
So why can›t we all feel it? The answer lies in the nature of Earth’s movement. Think of being
on an aeroplane when it’s smoothly travelling at a constant speed and constant altitude. You’ve
unbuckled your seatbelt to go on a walk down the aisle, but you can’t feel the movement of
the plane. The reason is simple: you, the plane, and everything else inside it is travelling at the
same speed. In order to perceive the movement of the plane, you have to glance at the clouds
outside.
It›s the same with Earth’s rotation - our planet completes a full turn around its axis every 23
For eve BD 400or eve BD 400 hours and 56 minutes, spinning incessantly at an almost entirely constant rate. One way to
feel motion is to feel wind on your face - but remember that Earth’s atmosphere is travelling
F
worth of pur
worth of pur
worth of pur
worth of purchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewelchase on branded jewel
worth of pur
worth of pur with us at the same speed.
win v
win vouchers for ouchers for ouchers for ouchers for ouchers for ouchers for
win v
win v
win v
win v
the aabhushan collectionollection If Earth were to change acceleration, we’d certainly feel that, and it wouldn’t be pleasant, like
the aabhushan c
a sudden slam on the brakes at a planetary scale (while the atmosphere would keep moving
at the same 465 metres per second and wipe the surface of the planet). But just like we
can’t feel the constant movement of a plane, the spin of our gigantic space ride is normally
imperceptible, too.
So why does Earth spin so constantly? Because there’s nothing stopping it. When our Solar
System formed out of a collapsing dust cloud and spun out into a flattened accretion disk with
a bulge in the middle, all the planets inherited that rotation. The Sun, all our neighbouring
planets, their moons, and everything else scattered in our system is still spinning after billions
Complimenta silver coin on aller coin on all of years because of inertia.
Complimenta silv
pur
purchases made on 9th November, 2015chases made on 9th November, 2015
t to celebrate the auspicious occasiono celebrate the auspicious occasion To interfere with that, an external unbalanced force would have to be applied - in simple
of Dhant terms, the whole shindig would have to collide with some other object, and throw the rotation
of Dhanteraseras
into disarray.
Now, as the author mentioned earlier, the spin of our planet is happening at an almost constant
rate. If we’re being precise, Earth is slowing down ever so slightly thanks to the Moon being a
bit of a gravitational drag. It pulls on the tidal bulge of our planet, which causes tidal friction,
putting energy into the Moon’s orbit.
As a result, sometimes we need to add an extra second to our clocks, because Earth’s rotation
is slowing down by two-thousandths of a second every day. However, because this change
in speed is so infinitesimally small, for our purposes, it still feels like Earth is rotating at a
constant rate. In other words, it feels like nothing at all
Courtesy http://www.sciencealert.com
Compiled by Sham
/devji1950
@devjisince1950
/de /devji1950 @devjisince1950
/devjisince1950vjisince1950
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 31
haratratna,
Dr. APJ Abdul
BKalam will remain
imprinted in the
golden pages of Indian
history not only as the
nation’s 11th President,
but also as a multi-
disciplinary planner
who endowed India
with a sense of self-esteem and honor all
through these decades. Having been one
of the most prominent figures produced
by Bharatvarsha, post- independence, the
Missile Man has immortalized himself with
contributions mainly in three sectors- space
research, defense and social welfare. These
achievements which have gone a long way
towards indigenization and development of
various technologies, have resulted not just in
fortifying India›s muscles in space and defense
arena, but also in bracing Indian youth.
A visionary with universal ideology, whose as scientist. Starting his career as rocket
mantra was ‘world is one family’ Dr. Abdul engineer, Dr. Kalam developed India›s first
Kalam was undeniably a legend. A human indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle SLV- III
being of sterling order whose ideology was after strenuous work. SLV III, which has the
universal, but whose deeds were homebound. capacity of sending rockets in space, paved
A great scientist, author, paramount motivator way for future PSLV and GSLV system. The
and an excellent teacher, the former first Missile Man was designer of India’ indigenous
citizen of India has been a nationalist to the missile programmes like Prithvi, Agni, Trishul,
core and has contributed to the nation, in Nag and Aakash.
ways more than one. Especially inspiring the
young generation to dream ‘big’. In 1980’s when numerous restrictions were
slapped by developed countries to stop India
The glorious journey began in 1960, when from acquiring nuclear technology. Dr. Kalam
Abdul Kalam joined the Aeronautical came up with indigenous solutions to develop
Development Establishment of Defense nuclear weapons for India. This also led to
Research and Development Organization advancement of various auxiliary devices for
(DRDO) as scientist. An invitation by Raja missiles and rockets, enabling them to carry
Ramanna to witness India’s first nuclear extended payloads. These achievements paved
test Smiling Buddha as TBRL representative the way for India’s development clubbed with
was yet another turning point of his career defense and strategic power.
www.sifbahrain.com 32 Scientech 2015-16
Image Credits : Varjan Varja Photography
Dr. Kalam encouraged DRDO to bring out Minister in Indira Gandhi’s cabinet, worked on
India’s first ICBM, the Agni Series leading to the suggestion by R Venkataraman (who was
Agni V of 2011 and the making of supersonic Union Defense Minister then) on a proposal
cruise missile BrahMos. What followed that simultaneously developed a quiver of
were various programmes like Mars Orbiter missiles instead of taking planned missiles
Mission, Civil Nuclear Energy Cooperation one after another. He served as the Chief
and Defense Upgrading. The Missile Man Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and
was a revolutionary scientist in the arena of the Secretary of the Defense Research and
space and nuclear technology. He has been Development Organisation from July 1992 to
credited with conducting conclusive nuclear December 1999.
tests which established India as a reckoning
nuclear power, during his tenure as project
director of ISRO, director of Defense Research The Pokhran-II nuclear tests of 1998 were
and Development Organization and in-charge conducted during this period. Kalam’s role
of the military nuclear program. in this stands paramount. He later served
as Chief Project Coordinator, along with
bdul Kalam along with Dr. V.S Rajagopala Chidambaram, during the testing
Arunachalam, metallurgist and phase, which led to his exaltation as India’s
Ascientific adviser to the former Defense best known nuclear scientist.
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 33
Kalam’s Vision
for nation was
anchored in
freedom and
strength: Modi
BHARAT has lost a Ratna, but the light it rested on a foundation of realism. Every
from this jewel will guide us towards APJ child of deprivation is a realist. Poverty does
Abdul Kalam’s dream-destination: India as not encourage illusions. Poverty is a terrible
a knowledge superpower, in the first rank inheritance; a child can be defeated even before
of nations. Our scientist-President -and he or she has begun to dream. But Kalamji
one who was genuinely loved and admired refused to be defeated by circumstances.
across the masses - never measured As a boy, he had to support his studies by
success by material possessions. For him, earning money as a newspaper vendor; today,
the counterpoint to poverty was the wealth page after page of the same newspapers are
of knowledge, in both its scientific and filled with his obituary notices. He said that
spiritual manifestations. As a hero of our he would not be presumptuous enough to say
defence programme, he shifted horizons; that his life could be a role model for anybody;
and as a seer of the spirit, he sought to but if some poor child living in an obscure
liberate doctrine from the narrow confines and underprivileged social setting found
of partisan tension to the transcendental some solace in the way his destiny had been
space of harmony. shaped, it could perhaps help such children
liberate themselves from the bondage of
Every great life is a prism, and we bathe illusory backwardness and helplessness. He
in those rays that find their way to us. His is my marg darshak, as well as that of every
profound idealism was secure because such child.
In 1998, Abdul Kalam, along with cardiologist Management Shillong, Indian Institute
Soma Raju, developed a low cost coronary of Management Ahmedabad, and Indian
stent, named the “Kalam-Raju Stent”, a rugged Institute of Management Indore; an
tablet computer for health care in rural areas honorary fellow of Indian Institute of
named “Kalam-Raju Tablet”. Science, Bangalore; Chancellor of Indian
Institute of Space Science and Technology
Having served a dynamic career in Indian Thiruvananthapuram; Professor of Aerospace
Space arena, Dr.Kalam again served the Engineering at Anna University; Information
nation. This time as President of India, Technology at International Institute of
succeeding K.R Narayanan. He won the 2002
presidential election with an electoral vote of Information Technology, Hyderabad, and
922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won Technology at Banaras Hindu University and
by Lakshmi Sahgal thus becoming the 11th
President of the nation. His term lasted from
25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007. He however
chose not to seek a second term in office, in
spite of having unanimous national support.
Post Presidency, Abdul Kalam served as
visiting professor at Indian Institute of
www.sifbahrain.com 34 Scientech 2015-16
His character, commitment and inspirational India the muscle to be confident of her place
vision shine through his life. He was in the region and the world.
unencumbered by ego; flattery left him cold.
He was equally at ease before an audience His memory is best honoured by the creation
of suave, globe-trotting ministers and a of new institutions that nurture science and
class of young students. The first thing that technology, and enable us to find a beneficial
struck one about him was that, uniquely, equation with the awesome power of nature.
he combined the honesty of a child with the Too often, greed makes us predators of our
energy of a teenager and the maturity of environment. Kalamji saw poetry in a tree,
an adult. He took little from the world, and and energy that could be harnessed in water,
gave all he could to society. A man of deep wind and sun. We should learn to look at our
faith, he epitomised the three great virtues of world through his eyes, and with the same
our civilization: dama, self-restraint; dana, missionary zeal.
sacrifice; and daya, compassion.
Human beings can shape their lives through
will, persistence, ability and sheer courage.
But this persona was powered by the fire But we have not been given the right to script
of endeavour. His vision for the nation was where we are born, or how and when we
anchored in freedom, development and die. However, if Kalamji had been offered an
strength. Given our history, freedom had a option, this is how he would perhaps have
political context of course; but it also included chosen to say goodbye: on his feet, and in
freedom of the mind and expansion of front of a classroom of his beloved students.
intellectual space. He wanted India to leap out As a bachelor, he was childless. But that is
of the under-developed trough, and eliminate wrong. He was a father to every Indian child,
the curse of poverty through inclusive economic teaching, cajoling, urging, exciting, clearing
growth. Wisely, he suggested that politicians darkness wherever he found it with the
spend only 30% of their time on politics, and radiance of his vision and the passion of his
70% on development; a suggestion which he involvement. He saw the future, and showed
often followed up by calling in MPs from a state the way. As I entered the room where his
and discussing the socio-economic issues body lay in state, I noticed the painting at
of their region with them. The third pillar, the entrance that depicted a few lines from
strength, was not born of aggression, but of an inspirational book he wrote for children,
understanding. An insecure nation will rarely Ignited Minds. The good that he did will not be
discover the route to prosperity. Strength interred with his bones, because his children
commands respect. His contributions in our will preserve his memory through their lives
nuclear and space achievements have given and work, and gift it to their children
Anna University; and an adjunct at several as it came along. His rise to eminence was
other academic and research institutions from the most humble of dwellings. The
across India. Abdul Kalam had also launched son of an ordinary Muslim boatman who
a programme for youth, aimed at defeating ferried pilgrims to Dhanushkodi, was equally
corruption, named “What Can I Give influenced by Islamic tenets as well as the
Movement”, it was launched in 2012. legends of Rama and the famous Shiva temple
near his home.
Abdul Kalam was called a ‘Karma Yogi’ by
many of his associates, for his dedicated A practicing Muslim whose daily routine had
selfless service, choice of the righteous path the Namāz and fasting during Ramadan, he
while following duties and accepting destiny was exposed to the value of interfaith respect
and dialogue. He believed that “respect for
other faiths” was one of the key cornerstones
of one’s existence. The reason is remarkably
striking and worth pondering over- his innate
love for the nation, the zeal to be productive
is unmistakably the result of his innate
commitment towards his motherland and
everything she possessed.
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 35
Abdul Kalam’s association with Sanskrit declared India’s glorious son as a state guest.
scholars began from childhood- Siva A royal welcome was given to Dr.Kalam in
Subramania Iyer, a science teacher in Bahrain. His Majesty, King Hamad Bin Isa
primary school and Thothathri Iyengar, Al Khalifa, The King of Bahrain, His Royal
who taught mathematics in college, were Highness Prince Khalifa Bin Salman Al Khalifa,
Sanskrit scholars. “Mr. Iyengar taught me The Prime Minister, His Royal Highness Prince
complex numbers and the number theory. Salman Bin Hamad Al Khalifa, The Crown
While both the teachers dealt with science Prince welcomed Dr. Kalam in Bahrain. The
and mathematics, their lives were shaped by overwhelmed Indian community organized
ancient Sanskrit wisdom,” he said. He even a gala function at the Indian School and
gave clarion calls for preserving palm-leaves another corporate function was organized
manuscripts, digitize the same and launch at Crown Plaza. Needless to say, Dr. Kalam
websites that contain this priceless wisdom. inspired not only the Indian community,
Abdul Kalam had always laid emphasis on but also the entire country. Science India
the need for researching the ancient Indian Forum, Bahrain organized a 30mins exclusive
manuscripts. In one of his addresses, at interaction for the Sastra Pratibhas (winners
Vedic Research Centre, Brahmaswom Math of the Sastra Pratibha Contest 2014) with the
Kalam had remarked, “Research into ancient former President. The students were excited
Indian mythos will yield valuable information and inspired by the wisdom that they received
on science and technology, medicine, flight during this interaction.
sciences and material sciences. I understand
there is a wealth of knowledge available in Months later, the sad news that came on
Sanskrit. Cryptology liberally uses Sanskrit 27th July 2015. India’s most loved President
language.” Dr. Kalam’s sudden demise disheartened
the nation and international community.
In February 2015, Dr. Kalam visited Kingdom The entire nation fallen into cavernous grief.
of Bahrain. Though the Programme of the The divine soul entered into eternity, while
former President was initially organized by a delivering a lecture on “Creating a Livable Planet
private Indian community in association with Earth” at Indian Institute of Management,
Indian Embassy, soon after the news came Shillong. The passing away of Abdul Kalam
out, the Honorable Royal Family of Bahrain was not just the loss of a former President.
www.sifbahrain.com 36 Scientech 2015-16
MY DREAM INTERACTION A Tryst with
CAME TRUE... WITH DR. APJ the Pole Star
ABDULKALAM
th
My dream came true on 5th 5 February, 2015, 5.30pm An ignited mind that radiates
February 2015 when I got the - this was the scheduled date virtue and intellect is the
opportunity to meet Dr. APJ and time when the Sastra most powerful resource on
Abdul Kalam, ex- president Pratibhas had an opportunity the earth, above the earth
and missile man of India. to interact with the former and under the earth. With
President and Missile Man of these words, a charming smile
The interactive session was India, Dr. APJ Abdulkalam. and an astonishing aura, the
lively, inspirational and Missile Man of India, Dr. APJ
exciting. He interacted with It was a one in a lifetime Abdul Kalam, instilled the
us like a friend and enjoyed opportunity and my excitement aurora of imagination and the
our company. He answered can not be expressed in words. spark of innovation into our
our questions with great At 5.30 pm sharp all the inquisitive minds.
enthusiasm and cleared Sastra Pratibhas reported at
our doubts in a very simple the Ritz Carlton Hotel,Bahrain Dr. Kalam reflected on his
language. I got the great and were taken in complete vibrant Vision 2020 and
opportunity of asking two security to his room. emphasized on how the
questions to him about his The interaction lasted for only effervescent 356 million youth
Vision 2020 for India and his can metamorphose India into
latest invention called cardio half an hour but the scene will a force to be reckoned with
always be fresh in my mind.
stent. Some of us asked our doubts in the near future. Narrating
his most trying times and
to the Missile Man and he how he overcame them, Dr.
He also had a great sense of clarified it immediately. Kalam resonated that we are
humour and cracked a few born with wings and meant
jokes during the photo session We were indeed very fortunate to soar the skies. Such was
to make us laugh. I took his to be able to meet such human the humility of this pioneering
autograph in a book authored as noble as him, I managed to luminary that the interaction
by him which I will preserve as get an autograph and also we with him felt like a rendezvous
a treasure. had a group photograph with with God. As I exited the
Dr. APJ. I feel very lucky to be Ritz that evening, I was truly
It was an unforgettable able to meet such a humble captivated, mesmerized and
experience and I would like personality and a great spellbound. It was indeed a
to thank Science India Forum teacher. I would like to thank tryst with the Pole Star, one
Bahrain for providing us with SIF Bahrain for providing us that I will cherish for years to
this great opportunity. this wonderful opportunity. come.
R.K.Kapil Varsha Suresh Utso Roy
Grade: VII Grade VII Grade X
The Asian School The New Horizon School New Millennium School
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 37
Civil Contracting.
Paper Products, Garbage bags
and other Cleaning accessories.
www.sifbahrain.com 38 Scientech 2015-16
The nation lost a soul, who was sincerely priceless. In his own words, “Every nation
involved in getting the nation adopt major needs a mission bigger than its people, and
scientific advancement. The substantial role beyond its national boundaries. Can we evolve
played by this seer in indigenizing technologies and present a greater vision where the nation
hitherto denied to India by other nations of will be committed, work globally, regionally,
the developed world by means of sanctions and nationally resulting in a conflict free,
and embargos remain irreplaceable. peaceful and prosperous societies of the
world? Yes, it is possible by evolution of the
Dr. Abdul Kalam published numerous books, planet earth with clean energy driven from
all of them treasure solar power, both
houses containing from terrestrial
action plans for and space-based
self evolvement, systems. This
thereby making the
nation a knowledge huge programme
super power. The spanning 25 years
books, with their can be called
spiritual aura offered “World Knowledge
integrated action Platform” to bring
plan to foresee the multiple nations
emergence of India together and work
among the world’s for sustainable
four major economic powers by 2020, the most earth.”
significant being ‘India 2020’ which he co-
authored with Y.S Rajan. His autobiography, A distinguished scientist, prolific writer and
“Wings of Fire” and the political years memoir, staunch nationalist, Dr. Abdul Kalam was a
“Turning Point” have inspired more people passionate dreamer; who brought to reality
to walk the path he chose- that of courage, what he envisaged. The immense contribution
righteousness and a success saga. he made towards national progress and
welfare of mankind earned for him the warm,
The legacy left behind by Dr. Kalam is affectionate designate ‘People’s President’
[email protected]
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 39
The Glimpses of APJ’s
Glorious life
Dr. Kalam’s House in Rameshwaram Schwartz High School, Ramanathapuram Madras Institute of Technology
(Graduated in Aerospace Engineering)
Dr. Kalams with Vikram Sarabhai SLV-III review meeting Agni Ballistic Missile
Receiving the Padma Bhushan from Dr. Neelam Receiving Bharath Ratna from At Pokhran nuclear tests site with
Sanjeeva Reddy President K R Narayanan Vajpayee
Receiving King Charles II Medal Doctor of Laws (Honoris Causa) Taking oath as the 11th President of India
Simon Fraser University
www.sifbahrain.com 40 Scientech 2015-16
with H.H Prince Salman Bin Hamad Al Khalifa, Being received at a Public function in Bahrain
The Crown Prince, Kingdom of Bahrain
Inspiring the Youth with his GOLDEN words The musical soul of APJ
With Science India Forum Officials and Sastra Pratibhas
Dr.APJ Abdul Kalam Interacting with
Sastra Pratibhas
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 41
www.sifbahrain.com 42 Scientech 2015-16
The other side of
Moon...
A unique picture taken by Nasa’s Deep
Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR).
The moon passing in front of our own dear
mother Earth. The photographer Observa-
tory has taken this picture from 1.5 Million
kilometers away from the earth. Anoth-
er distinctive factor is that, the orbit of this
Observatory is set on a Lagrangian point
where it can always watch the earth on day
light.
Since the Moon is four hundred thousand
kilometers away only (!), during his way, it
passes through the field of DSCOVR’s view.
This is how, we get to see the far side of
moon which is impossible to see from earth
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 2015-16 43
AWARD CEREMONY 2014
Lighting the Lamp Mr. Vinod Manikkara Dr. Manoj Kumar Patairiya
Shri. Jayant Sahsrabuddhe Mr. T.M Nandakumar Dr. Babu Ramachandran Dr. Ravi Warrior
Mr. Rajeesh Kumar Releasing the year book
Honouring the School Coordinators
www.sifbahrain.com 44 44 Scientech
www.sifbahrain.com
Scientech 2015-16 2015-16
AWARD CEREMONY 2014
Honouring the Sastra Pratibhas Website Launch
Honouring the Bahraini Students Shri. T. Radhakrishnan, Minister, Govt. of Kerala
www.sifbahrain.com
www.sifbahrain.com Scientech 45 45
Scientech 2015-162015-16
www.sifbahrain.com 46 Scientech 2015-16
SASTRA PRATIBHA CONTEST 2015
SCHOOl COORDINATORS
Santosh Sharma Maria Bindu Rubi John Shahina Sathish
New Millenium School Quality Education School The Asian School The New Horizon School
Sheba Mathew Manogaran Soumi Mondal Susheela Mohan
Al Noor International School The Indian School The New Indian School The New Indian School
SCHOOl COORDINATOR’S MEETINg-25 APRIl 2015
TH
www.sifbahrain.comwww.sifbahrain.com Scientech 47 47
Scientech 2015-16 2015-16
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SASTRA PRATIBHA CONTEST 2015
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