New Gateway to Computer Science 6

files with its own code. These viruses can target specific files or applications or
systematically overwrite all files on an infected device.
Polymorphic viruses: A polymorphic virus is a type of malware that has the ability
to change or mutate its underlying code without changing its basic functions or
features.
System or boot-record infectors: These viruses infect executable code found in
certain system areas on a disk. They attach to the DOS boot sector on diskettes and
USB thumb drives or the Master Boot Record on hard disks.

Symptoms of virus infection

Virus is the major problem that appears in most of the computer system. It is very
difficult to know whether a computer is infected with virus or not. We can observe
some symptoms if a computer is infected from the viruses. Some of the symptoms
are listed below.

A computer programme may disappear from its
memory itself.

Unwanted music or sound unexpectedly starts
playing through the speakers.

Icons and programmes may disappear from the desktop.

Previously installed antivirus programme will suddenly disable and can not be
restarted.

Files that have been recently opened suddenly have more than one extension,
such as .exe, .vbs, .gif, or .jpg.

Unnecessary dialog boxes and menus may appear on the screen.

Items are not printing correctly.

Disk drives or disks become inaccessible.

An application or applications may not working correctly.

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The computer isn’t running as well as usual, or the computer reboots on its
own.

The speed of the computer will slow down.

Prevention from computer viruses

As we know that computer is an essential tool for us. The documents that are
stored on computers are very important for the user. A computer virus may damage
our data, programmes, software and even hardware component at any time. For
this, we can use some preventive measures that are given below to protect our
computer from viruses.

Install Anti-Virus software and update it regularly.

Do not use pirated software for which you have not paid.

Always scan removable storage devices such as pen drive, hard disk, memory
card, etc. before using it.

Do not open unnecessary emails and browse web sites.

Quick Learn

 File infector virus, macro virus, overwrite virus, polymorphic virus, etc.
are the types of the computer viruses.
 Your computer may get restart time and again if it is infected from the
virus.
 If a computer is infected from a virus, it may display unwanted message
on the screen time and again.
 We can use antivirus software programme to protect our computer from
virus infection.
 If possible we should not use pirated software and programmes

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 151

Evaluation Activities

1. Choose the best answer from the given alternatives.

a. What is a computer virus?

i. Special Programme ii. Destructive Programme iii. Useful Programme

b. Which of the following is a type of computer virus?

i. File infector virus ii. Macro Virus iii. Both

c. Which of the following is the root cause of virus transformation?

i. removable storage devices ii. power protection devices

iii. antivirus Programme

d. What is the use of antivirus programme?

i. protect the computer from the virus. ii. modify the computer files.

iii. install computer virus.

e. Which of the following is antivirus programme?

i . NOD 32 ii. C-brain iii. I love you

2. Fill in the blanks with suitable answer.

a. A …………… consists of a set of instructions that attaches itself to other
computer Programmes.

b. I love you, Yankee Doodle, Nimda, Morris Worm, Conficker, Storm Worm,
etc. are the popular and dangerous computer ……………..

c. Your computer may get restart time and again if it is infected from the
…………………….

d. If a computer is infected from a virus, it may display …………….
message on the screen time and again.

e. AVG is a …………………….software.

f. Morris Worm is a popular computer …………………

3. State whether the given statements are true or false.

a. A computer antivirus is a computer programme that can copy itself and
infect a computer without the permission or knowledge of the user.

b. A virus is usually designed to execute when it is loaded into a computer’s
memory.

152 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

c. A virus can be spread by opening an email attachment.
d. File infector virus, macro virus, polymorphic virus, etc. are the types of
computer antivirus.
e. We can use virus software programme to protect our computer from virus
infection.
f. If possible we should not use pirated software and programmes.
4. Write down a single technical term for the followings.
a. It is a destructive computer programme.
b. The viruses that are attached themselves to programme files, usually selected
.com or .exe files.
c. A virus that has the ability to change or mutate its underlying code without
changing its basic functions or features.
d. This software is essential to remove the viruses from the computer.
e. It is pen like removable media from which virus may transfer very easily to
the another system.
5. Answer the following questions.
a. Define computer virus with some examples.
b. Name any three types of computer viruses?
c. What are the root causes of virus transformation?
d. Write any four symptoms of virus infection.
e. What is antivirus software? Name any four antivirus software.
f. Write any four ways to prevent your computer system from viruses.

Project Work & Activity

a. Prepare at least 4 pages project report about the computer virus and
antivirus.

b. Prepare a class presentation about the “Computer virus” and “Computer
Antivirus”.

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12Lesson Introduction to Internet

Learning Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:

• tell about the internet.
• describe various internet terminologies.
• sending and receiving the mails appropriately.
• browse the web sites.

Lets Update

• In 1913 AD, the first telephone lines in Kathmandu was established.
• The World Wide Web (WWW) was developed by Tim Berners-Lee.
• Nepal Doorsanchar Company Ltd. is popularly known as Nepal
Telecom these days.
• Mercantile became the First ISP (Internet Service Provider) of
Nepal.
• Nepal Telecom launch broadband ADSL Service in Nepal in 2008
AD.

Introduction

The Internet is a global network of computer networks that
enables information to be exchanged all over the world. It is also
called the network of networks. The Internet links are computer
networks that are linked all over the world so that the users
can share resources and communicate with each other. The
popular name for the Internet is the information superhighway where you can
browse lots of things and ideas. The history of the internet began in 1969 AD,
when US Department of Defence sponsored a project named ARPANET
(Advance Research Project Agency Network).The goal of this project was to
connect computers at different universities and US defence.

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Internet connects millions of computers together globally, forming a network in
which any computer can communicate with any other computer as long as they
are both connected to the Internet. The World Wide Web, or Web, is a way of
accessing information over the medium of the Internet. It is an information-sharing
model that is built on the top of the Internet.

Components of Internet

Internet provides us with various services. Various components are used to get
such types of services. Some of the components of internet are explained bellow.

World Wide Web

The World Wide Web is the collection of web pages, pictures,
videos and other online content that can be accessed with
the help of a web browser. The www is a set of programmes,
standards and protocols governing the way in which multimedia
files are created and displayed on the Internet. The early Web was
a collection of text-based sites hosted by some organizations.

Web browser

A web browser is an application programme used to access and
view websites. Microsoft Internet Explorer, Google Chrome,
Mozilla Firefox, and Apple Safari, etc. are the popular web
browsers. The primary function of a web browser is to render
HTML, which is used to design or “mark up” webpages.

Web server

A Web server is a computer system that hosts websites. Most web servers are
connected to the internet through a high-speed connection or faster data transmission
rates.Afast Internet connection allows Web servers to support multiple connections.

Web page

The web page documents are written in HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language)
and are translated by Web browsers. Web pages can either be static or dynamic.
Static pages show the same content each time they are viewed. Dynamic pages
have content that can change each time they are accessed.

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Hyperlink

Hyperlink is an element in an electronic document that links to another place in
the same document or to an entirely different document. Typically, you click on
the hyperlink to follow the link. Hyperlinks are the most essential element of all
hypertext systems, including the World Wide Web.

Web Chat

A web chat is a special feature of the internet which
allows users to communicate in real time using easily
accessible web interfaces. It is a type of internet online
discussion. Skype, Yahoo and Messenger are the popular
web chat Programmes.

Home page

A home page is the initial or starting page of a website or a browser. The initial
page of a website is sometimes called main page as well as start page. We can use
various links of home page to move on different page or sections of web site.

Working with Email

An electronic mail is the easiest way for exchanging the
information with one or more than one users. An email address
is required to send and receive email, and that address is
unique to the user. Some people use internet-based applications
and some of them use programmes on their computer to access
and store emails. An e-mail is a message that may contain text, files, images, or
other attachments sent through a network to a specified individual or group of
individuals. Some advantages of using email are listed below.
a. It has very limited cost.
b. It is very easy to use
c. It can send and receive message instantly.
d. It is easy for record maintenance.
e. It allows sending image, sound, audio and videos.

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Quick Learn

 The Internet is a global network of computer networks that enables
information to be exchange all over the world.
 The Internet is also called the network of networks.
 The World Wide Web is the collections of web pages, pictures, videos and
other online contents.
 A web browser is an application programme used to access and view
websites.
 Microsoft Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Apple
Safari, etc. are the popular web browsers.
 A Web server is a computer system that hosts websites.
 Hyperlink is an element in an electronic document that links to another
place in the same document or to an entirely different document.
 A web chat is a special feature of internet which allows users to
communicate in real time using easily accessible web interfaces.
 A home page is the initial or starting page of a website or a browser.
 Electronic mail is the easiest way for exchanging the information with
one or more than one users.

Creating an email

You can create your web-based free email account upon many sites. Some of them
are listed below. You can log on to any of these sites and then register there as a
new user.

a. http://www.gmail.com

b. http://www.outlook.com

c. http://www.yahoo.com

Creating a Gmail account

Get connected to the internet system.

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Now log on to the site http://www.gmail.com with the help of any web browser
like opera or chrome.

To register for the very first time click on the create account.
A member registration form will appear as below.

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Fill up the details and click on the Next step.

A privacy and terms information box will appear.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 159

Click on the I agree or Next.
Now Gmail will ask for the verification of the account as below.

Type your accurate phone number and click on continue to get the verification
code.

Enter the verification code that you have received on your mobile number and
click on verify option.

Now, you will get a welcome screen as below.

Click on the continue to Gmail button to create your final account or press
Next button.
160 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

Finally you will get the box as below.

Click on the Go to Gmail to continue your inbox. Now, you will get the mail
box as below.

Checking mails 161

Once you have created your email account, you
can log on in it and view your email.

Open any web browser and type the address
www.gmail.com on the address bar.

Type username and password to log on in it
and click on the next button.

Now, check your mails from inbox.

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Sending mails
We can use the following steps to send the mail.

Open Gmail account at first.
At the top left, click on Compose button.
At the “To” field, add recipients. If you want, you
can also add recipients in the “cc” and “bcc” fields.
Add a subject.
Write your message.

Receiver

Message

Send button

At the bottom of the page, click on Send.

162 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

Browsing web sites

Browsing web site refers to the way of searching
the web information, web documents and web sites
with the help of various web interface. We can browse
the web site with the help of a web browser and search
engines. You must have a web browser to view the web
site. You can use the following steps to start browsing:

Open web browser by double clicking on the name of the web browser from
desktop or start menu that you have installed.

You will get the web browser system, type the web site address and press
enter.

For example type: www.shubharambhapublication.com

Now browse each page for getting information about the respective web
sites.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 163

Search engine

These are the websites that allow the users to search information based on keywords.
Search engines are used to locate sites and information. www. google.com, www.
yahoo.com, www.ask.com, etc. are the popular search engines. The following is
the dialog box of Google search engine.

Quick Learn

 A Browsing web site refers to the way of searching the web documents and
web sites with the help of various web interface.
 We can browse the web site with the help of web browser and search
engines.
 You must have a web browser to view the web site.
 Search engines are the websites that allow the users to search information
based on keywords.
 Search engines are used to locate web sites and information.
 www. google.com, www.yahoo. com, www.ask.com, etc. are the popular
search engines.

164 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

Evaluation Activities

1. Choose the best answer from the given alternatives.
a. Which of the following is related to the internet?
i. Sending and receiving mails.
ii. Searching information on the web site.
iii. Both of the above
b. Which of the following is a search engine?
i. Google ii. Opera ii. Firefox
c. Which of the following is a popular free mail service provider?
i. Office ii. Gmail iii. Internet
d. What does E-mail stand for?
i. Visiting web pages ii. Searching documents
iii. Sending and receiving mails
e. Which of the following is a valid email address?
a. shubharambha@mail@com
b. [email protected]
c. [email protected]
2. Fill in the blanks with suitable words/phrases.
a. ………………………..is a global network of computer networks that
enables information to be exchange all over the world.
b. The …………………………… is the collections of web pages, pictures,
videos and other online contents.
c. Microsoft Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Apple
Safari, etc. are the popular web ……………………...

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 165

d. A …………………………is a special feature of internet which allows users
to communicate in real time using easily accessible web interfaces.

e. ………………………. is the easiest way for exchanging the information
with one or more than one users

f. Browsing web site refers to the way searching the web documents and web
sites with the help of various web …………………..

g. You must have ……………………. to view the web site.

h. www. google.com, www.yahoo. com, www.ask.com, etc. are the
popular…………………….

3. State whether the given statements are true or false.
a. The Internet is also called the network of networks.
b. A web browser is an application programme used to access and view
websites.
c. A Web server is a computer system that hosts websites.
d. Home page is an element in an electronic document that links to another
place in the same document or to an entirely different document.
e. A home page is the initial or starting page of a website or a browser.
f. We can browse the web site with the help of email address.
g. Web sites are the sites that allow the users to search information based
on keywords.
h. Search engines are used to locate web sites and information.

4. Write down a single technical term for the following.

a. It is a initial or starting page of a website or a browser.

b. It is a special feature of internet which allows users to communicate in real
time using easily accessible web interfaces.

c. An element in an electronic document that links to another place in the
same document or to an entirely different document.

d. It is an application programme used to access and view websites.

166 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

e. It is the collections of web pages, pictures, videos and other online content
that can be accessed with the help of a web browser.

f. The way of searching the web information, web documents and web sites
with the help of various web interface.

g. These are the websites that allow the users to search information based on
keywords.

5. Answer the following questions.
a. Define the term ‘Internet’. Name any four components of the internet.
b. What is web browser? Write with some examples.
c. Define hyperlink and web chat.
d. Name some popular web chat interface that you know.
e. What is a home page?
f. Define an E-Mail. Write any four advantages of using mail.
g. What do you mean by browsing website?
h. What is a search engine? Name some popular search engines.

Project Work & Activity

a. Visit your school’s computer lab and do the following tasks:
• Create your E-mail ID on Gmail.
• Write an E-mail to your parents or relatives or your school principal
describing about the facilitates that you are getting at your school.
• Compose the E-mail.

b. Visit the website “www.moecdc.gov.np” and note down the information
that you can observe.

c. Observe the differences between the two web browsers ‘Opera’ and
‘Google Chrome’ and prepare a report.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 167

Computer Graphics

Unit

3

This unit covers the following Lessons.

Lesson 13 Working with Paint Brush
Lesson 14 Introduction to Multimedia

13Lesson Working with Paint Brush

Learning Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:
• tell about the drawing programmes.
• use various drawing tools in paint brush.

Lets Update

• The first version of Paint was introduced with the first version of
Windows, Windows 1.0, on November 1985 AD.
• On April 2017 "Creators Update" for Windows 10, Microsoft
released Paint 3D alongside Paint.
• JPEG stands for Joint hotographic Experts Group.
• MPEG stands for Moving Picture Experts Group.
• MP3 stands for MPEG Audio Layer 3.

Introduction

Microsoft Paint is a simple graphic package which allows preparing various types of
drawing. Paint programme is available in each version of windows. It is a drawing
tool that can be used to create simple or elaborate drawings. These drawings can
be either black-and-white or colourful. Drawings can be printed, used as desktop
background or pasted into another document. Microsoft Paint also allows you to
open various picture formats. We can also create, open, view, and edit .bmp, .jpg,
.gif, .tiff and .png format files.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 169

Starting Paint in Windows 8

Press the Windows key from the keyboard.
Type Paint and click on the Paint in the search box as below.

Now, you can see the paint windows as below.

Scan Here

For video tutorials

Working with the Home ribbon

We can use the home tab for various options which helps to create a drawing and
painting. It has a group like Clip board, Image , Tools , Shapes, Colours and Edit
colours.

12 3 4 56

170 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

1. Clipboard 2. Image 3. Tools
4. Shapes 5. Colours 6. Edit Colours

The details are given below:

1. Clipboard: It has the options like copy, cut and paste. Cut
The functions of each options are listed below.

a. Cut: It allows to cut the required part of the image. Copy

b. Copy: It allows to copy the selected items and put it Clipboard
in the clipboard.

c. Paste: It allows to paste the items that we have copied or cut after selection.

2. Image: It has the options like Select, Crop, Resize and Rotate. The function of
each options are listed below.

a. Select : It allows us to select items with Crop
rectangular selection box.

b. Crop: It allows us to cut the selected part of the Resize
picture or text.

c. Resize: It allows us to change or skew the Rotate
height or width of the picture.
Image
d. Rotate: It allows us to flip the selected part of
an object.

3. Tools: It has various options like pencil, text, eraser, colour picker, fill with
colour, magnifier, brushes, etc. The function of each options are listed below.

a. Pencil: It allows to draw free from Fill with colour
lines and curves.

b. Fill with colour: It allows to fill in an Pencil Text
entire area with a single colour.

c. Text: It allows to type the text into a Eraser Magnifier
file or inside a drawing.
Eye dropper
d. Eraser: It allows to erase the part of Tools
the picture or drawing.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 171

e. Colour Picker(Eye Dropper): It allows to use an exactly the same colour in the
next figure.

f. Magnifier: It allows to zoom in or out (view as a larger or smaller) the paint
drawing or items.

g. Brushes: It allows to draw free from lines and curves. It works like an ordinary
brush that is used to paint the wall at home.

4. Shapes: It has various drawing options like line, curve, oval , rectangle, square,
triangle etc. It has also outline, fill and size options. The function of each

options are listed below.

a. Outline: It is used to select the outline of the figure.

b. Fill : It is used to select the medium of our fill.

c. Size: It is used to select the width of the picture.

5. Colour Selection: It helps to select different colours on the picture or the text.

Colour

a. Colour 1: It helps to give foreground colour of the pictures or drawings.
b. Colour 2: It helps to give background colour to the picture.
c. Colour Palette: It is a default colour that we can use to draw or fill the colour.

6. Edit Colour: It helps to select new (modify colour) colours for the colour

pallete.

Colour
172 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

Working with tab

After we open paint programme in windows 8,we can see various tabs like File,
Home and view. In previous class, we discussed about the home tab. Now, in this
class we are going to discuss about the file and the view tab.

File tab

This tab has various options like New, Open , Save, Save as, Print , From scanner
or camera, Send in e-mail, set as desktop background, Properties, About Paint and
exit options

Let’s discuss the function of each option.

1. New: To start a new paint programme.

2. Open: To view the existing file that is 1
already made. 2
3
3. Save: To store the file for future use. 4
5
4. Save as: To save a file with a new name.

5. Print: To get the picture in paper as a
hard copy format.

6. From Scanner or camera: To get the 6
picture from scanner or camera. 7

7. Send in email: To send or compose your 8
file or picture to the next person using an 9
10
email address.

8. Set as desktop background: To place the
picture on the desktop background.

9. Properties: To display the details 11
information about the paint file.

10. About paint: To get help about the paint program.

11. Exit: To quit from the paint programme.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 173

Saving the document

You have to save the document after preparation so that you can get it whenever
you need. You can use the given steps to save the documents:

Click on the file tab.
Select the save option.
A window will appear as below.

Scan Here

For video tutorials

Select the required location and type the name of the file on the file name box.
Finally click on the save button to save your document.
Opening the document

You can open your saved document whenever you need. You can use the given
steps to open a file in paint.

Click on the file tab.
Select the open option.
A window will appear as below.

174 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

Select the location where you have saved your document.
Select your document that you need to open.
Finally click on the open button to open or view your file.

Creating new document

We can create a new document in paint with the help of given steps.
Click on the file tab.
Select the new option.
A new working screen will appear as below.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 175

Printing the drawing

We can print the creation of a painting or drawing file. We must have a printer to
print the documents. With the help of given steps, we can print the paint file.

Make sure that you have a printer and it is connected
properly with the computer system.

Be sure that you have loaded the papers on printer’s tray
to print.

Create a drawing in paint.
Click on the file tab from paint windows.
Move your mouse on the print option.
Another list of options will appear at the right side.

Click on the print option. Scan Here
Following box will appear afterwards. For video tutorials

176 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

Select the name of the printer that you have installed on
your system.

Click on the Print button.
Now printer will start to print the document.

Set as desktop background

You can set your drawing or picture as a desktop background. When you open the
computer, each time, you can see as your desktop image.

Create a drawing or painting in paint brush
and save it.

Click on the file tab.
Move your mouse on the Set as desktop
background option.
A list of sample will appear as given in the
right side.
Select any one option to make appear in the desktop. (Fill , Tile or Centre.)
Now, your picture will appear in the desktop background as below.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 177

Properties

It is used to check the status of the pictures such as
last saved date and time, Size on disk, Resolution,
Units, Colours, Width and Height of the image.

Create a drawing.
Click on the file tab.
Select the properties option.
Now you can check the properties of the
pictures, as shown in the right side.

Exit from paint Programme

You can use this option to quit from the paint programme.
t Click on the file tab.

Click on the exit from the options.
Now, paint programme will close.

Working with View Tab

This tab has various options. We can use this tab to work with
zoom, show or hide and display group.

Zoom Show or hide Display
178
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Zoom group
Zoom in : It is the way of changing the viewing size of
picture in a large format.
Zoom out : It is a way of changing the viewing size of the
picture in a small format.
100%: It is the fix value of viewing a size of the image.
Steps to zoom in

Create an image.
Click on the view tab.
Move the mouse on the zoom group and click on the Zoom in.
The viewing size of the image will be larger as below.

Steps to zoom out 179
Create an image.
Click on the view tab.
Move the mouse on the zoom group and click on the Zoom out.
The viewing size of the image will be smaller as below.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

When you make the viewing size of image either larger or smaller,
you can click on 100% option in zoom group so that you will see the
actual size of your image again.

Show or hide group
This option helps to show or hide the ruler, gridlines and status
bar.
To show

Click on the Rulers check box option to display the scale of the screen.

Rulars

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Click on the Gridlines check box to fill the gridline on the screen.

(Gridlines)
Click on the Status bar check box to display the position of your cursor.

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181

To hide
Click on the Rulers check box (remove the tick sign) to

hide the scale of the screen.
Click on the Gridlines check box (remove the tick sign)

to hide the gridline of the screen.
Click on the Status bar check box (remove the tick

sign) to hide the status bar of the screen.
Full screen

This option is used to view the picture in full screen mode. In this mode you cannot
see any tab and editing tools.

Create a drawing.
Click on the view tab.
Now move the mouse on the display group.
Click on the Full Screen button.
Now, you can see the picture in the full screen
mode as below.

Working with shapes
You can draw various shapes with the help of different shape styles. The different
shapes available in paint are shown in the box given below:

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Drawing the shapes

Select the required shape style
from the shapes group.

Place your mouse on the
working area of paint.

Click and drag the mouse on
the working screen.

Release your mouse button to
apply the shape.

If you select a pentagon shape, drag the mouse on the working screen.The picture
looks like below.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6 183

Practice Time
You can practise to draw the following shapes at your school lab or home.

Filling colour on the shape
You can fill various colours on the shape with the help of colour box. To fill up the
colour on a particular shape, you have to make a closed drawing area. If the picture
is not closed then your colour may spoil on the whole screen.

Colour
Prepare a drawing with closed area.
Click on the fill with colour tool from tools area.
184 New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

Move the mouse inside the picture.
Press the left mouse button to fill the colour.

Working with Copy, Cut and Paste 185

Copy Paste:
Simply copy paste means making the duplicate copy of
the text or pictures.

Prepare a drawing and select it.
After selection, click on the Copy from the
clipboard.
Click on Paste from the clipboard.
Now, click and drag the picture to move at
your desired location with the help of a
mouse.
You can see the result as below.

New Gateway to Computer Science Book-6

Cut Paste
Simply cut and paste means removing the picture
from one location and placing it to the new location.

Prepare a drawing and select the required part of
the picture.

After selection, click on the Cut from the
clipboard.

Click on the Paste from the clipboard.
Now, click and drag the picture to move at your
desired location with the help of a mouse.
You can see the result as below.

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Crop, Resize and Rotate Picture

We can use this from the image tool. Crop the picture means
hiding the unwanted part from the picture.
Cropping a picture

Prepare a picture.
Select a picture that you want to crop.
Click on the crop from the image group.
The image looks like as given in the right side.
Now, click and drag the mouse on the pointer to crop
the image.
The image looks like in the right side.

Resize picture
Resize tool is used to change the size of the picture either larger or smaller.

Prepare an image as given in the right side.
Click on the Resize from the image group.
A Resize and Skew box will appear as below.
Change the Horizontal and Vertical resize
value as required.
Change the Skew (degree) value as required in
Horizontal and Vertical box.
Click on the OK to see the effect.

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Rotate picture
Rotate picture means turning an image in a clockwise
or counter clockwise direction.

Prepare an image and select the image.
Click on the Rotate from the image group.
A list of options will appear as in the right side.
Select the required option to see the effect on the
picture.
(If you rotated a picture as Rotated 180o, the figure
would look as below.)

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Working with Tools

There are various tools with paint like text, rubber, colour picker, Tools
magnifier, etc. Here, we are going to discuss each of them in
detail.

Colour picker tool

This tool is used to copy colour from one part of the drawing to another. The
function of colour picker is same as fill with colour tool.

Create one picture with a colour and next picture without colour as below.

Click on the Colour Picker tool.

Move the mouse inside the first picture and press the left mouse button. (picker
tool looks like a fill with colour tool.)

Move the mouse pointer to the next figure and click the left mouse button
inside the picture to apply the same colour.

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Rubber tool
This tool is used to erase the part of a picture from the drawing area which you do
not need.

Prepare a drawing with colour.
Left click on the rubber tool.
Move the mouse cursor to the drawing area.
Press the left mouse button and drag the mouse on the part of the picture which
you want to remove as given below.

Pencil tool
This tool is used to draw pictures with free hand. You can draw in your own way
as you want.

Left click on the pencil tool.
Move the mouse to the drawing
area.
Press the left mouse button.
Drag the mouse as your requirement
to draw on the screen as in the given
figure.
You can press the shift key together while drawing with pencil tool, so that the
line will be straight.

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Text Tool

This tool helps to write in the drawing area. You can type the text as your
requirement.

Click on the left mouse button over the text
tool.

Move the mouse to the drawing area and
press the left button of the mouse.

A small rectangle dotted boundary will
appear with a cursor as below.

Type the required text from the keyboard in the text area.

Again press the left mouse button on the blank area to close the dotted
boundary.

Magnifier tool

A Magnifier tool is used to get a closer view of an image.

Click on the Magnifier icon from the
Tools group.

Click on the left mouse button to
zoom in (Large) the image and right
click to the zoom out (small) button of
the image.

Now the picture will appear as in the
right side after zoom in.

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Quick Learn

 Microsoft Paint is a simple graphic package which allows to prepare
various types of drawing.

 Paint Programme is available in each version of windows.

 File tab has the various options like New, Open, Save, Save as, Print, from
scanner or camera, Send in e-mail, set as desktop background.

 The open command is used to view the existing file that is already made.

 The save as option allows the user to save a file with new name.

 After the creation of painting or drawing file, we can print it with the help of
printer.

 You can set your drawing or picture as a desktop background. When you
open the computer, each time, you can see as your desktop image.

 The properties is used to check the status of the pictures such as last saved
date and time, Size on disk, Resolution, Units, Colours, Width and Height
of the image.

 We can use view tab to work with zoom, show or hide and display group.

 Zoom in is the way of changing the viewing size of the picture in large
format.

 While viewing the image in full screen mode, you cannot see any tab
and editing tools.

 You can draw various shapes with the help of different shape styles.

Evaluation Activities

1. Choose the best answer from the given alternatives.

a. Which of the following option is available in file tab?

i. NEW ii. PRINT iii. Both

b. In which option can you click to save a file with new name?

i. Save as ii. Open iii. Print

c. To create a new file in paint, we can go on:

i. File …..New ii.View…..New iii. Edit…..New

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d. To print the document in paint, we can click on…………...

i. File …..New ii. File…..Print iii. Home…..Print

e. It is used to check the status of the picture.

i. View ii. Help iii. Properties

f. Which of the following is available in zoom group?

i. Print ii. Save iii. Zoom out

g. To show the picture in full screen mode, we can go on …………...

i. File ……display group ii. Home ……display group

iii. View……display group

h. From which tab you can work with shapes?

i. File ii. Home iii. View

2. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

a. Paint is available in each version of ……………………..

b. The …………..command is used to view the existing file that is already
made.

c. The ……………….……. option allows the user to save a file with new
name.

d. After the creation of painting or drawing file, we can print it with the help
of ………………..

e. You can set your drawing or picture as a ………………When you open the
computer, each time, you can see as your desktop image.

f. The …………………..is used to check the status of the pictures such as last
saved date and time, Size on disk etc.

g. You can use view tab to work with ……………….., show or hide and
display group.

h. ………………… is the way of changing the viewing size of picture in large
format.

i. While viewing the image in ………………….mode, you cannot see any tab
and editing tools.

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3. Write down the steps to do the following task.
a. Saving the document.
b. Opening the documents.
c. Setting the background image.
d. Zoom out.
e. To view picture in full screen mode.
4. Answer the following questions.
a. What is a paint brush programme?
b. Name the options available in file tab.(Any Six)
c. What are the proper steps to print the paint document?
d. What is desktop background?
e. What is the use of properties?
f. What are the options available in zoom group?
g. What is the use of full screen mode?

Project Work & Activity

a. Draw at least 10 shapes in the screen and colour them.
b. Draw a picture of the kite.
c. Use pencil tool and draw some pictures.

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14Lesson Introduction to Multimedia

Learning Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:

• define the multimedia.
• tell the advantages and disadvantages of multimedia.
• identify the components of multimedia.
• tell the uses of multimedia.
• introduce windows media player.

Lets Update

• An animated cartoon is a film for the cinema, television or computer
screen, which is made using sequential drawings.
• The first animated projection (screening) was created in France, by
Charles-Émile Reynaud, who was a French science teacher.
• VLC media player is a free and open-source, cross-platform media
player and streaming media server developed by the Video LAN
project.
• The VideoLan software originated as an academic project in 1996
AD.
• The first version of Windows Media Player appeared in 1991, when
Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions was released.

Introduction

Multimedia is an interaction with multiple forms of media supported by the
computer. The computer is both the tool of multimedia and its medium. It is an
integration of animation, audio, graphics, text, and full-motion video through
computer hardware and software used for various purposes. The word
‘Multimedia’ is made up of two word multi’ and ‘media’ where ‘multi’ refers

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to more than one and ‘media’ refers
to the way through which one can
express information to another. In the
last few years, multimedia became a
common expression every day you are
confronted with multimedia applications
without really realizing it. It is to say
that multimedia does not only exist on a computer’s screen, but also in today’s
newspapers and online mechanism. The most common multimedia machine
consists of a PC with a digital speaker unit and a CD-ROM (Compact Disk
Read-Only Memory) drive, which optically retrieves data and instructions
from a CD-ROM. Many systems also integrate a handheld tool (e.g., a control
pad or joystick) that is used to communicate with the computer. Such systems
permit the users to read and rearrange sequences of text, animated images, and
sound that are stored on high-capacity CD-ROMs.

Advantages and disadvantages of using multimedia

Advantages of multimedia
It is a very powerful tool for the teaching learning activities so that learning

process is becoming easier.
It is used to prepare an interesting and eye catching advertisement to promote

the business.
It can be used for a variety of listeners, ranging from one person to the whole

group.
It helps to create interesting types of video games, movies and cartoons.
It is used to develop an interactive web page.

Disadvantages of multimedia

It is an expensive system.

A trained person is required to work with this.

The multimedia files are difficult to attach within an email because it has a
large file size.

It may not be suitable for every user.

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Components of multimedia

A multimedia is completely meaningful because of its some elements which are
given below.

Text

A text has the most impact on the quality of the multimedia interaction. It acts as
the keystone for tying all of the other media elements together. Text in multimedia
systems can express specific information, or it can act as support for information
contained in other media items.

Image or Graphic

It is a visual multimedia element which represents a photo, illustration, 3D or
diagram. In the computer, a graphic is a file such as JPEG or GIF, there is graphic
format. Graphic is a picture image in the computer. We can use the computer
graphic to design a picture, flash or game. We can make more effect in the picture,
make a flash video or make a game by using graphic software.

Audio

An audio is one of the multimedia elements. It is sound within the audio range
available to humans. Commonly we can hear many audio from Internet, Radio,
MP3, Computer and so on. Now, we can listen to music or download music from
the website.

Video

A video is another multimedia element. It is a technology of electronically
capturing, recording, processing, storing and transmitting of images that show
scenes in motion. We can find many videos from the Internet. Some people make
a flash video and upload to website to share with others. We also can use a video
conference to communicate with friend or family. We can watch movie from online
or download the movie.

Animation

An animation is one of the multimedia elements. It is a visual technique that
provides the illusion of motion by displaying a collection of images in rapid

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sequence. When the images are viewed rapidly, your eye fills in details and the
illusion of movement is complete. Images can be animated by using software. The
purpose of an animation is to make entertainment to everyone.

Quick Learn

 Multimedia is interaction with multiple forms of media supported by the
computer.
 The word ‘Multimedia’ is made up of two word ‘multi’ and ‘media’ where
‘multi’ refers to more than one and ‘media’ refers to the way through which
one can express information to another.
 The most common multimedia machine consists of a PC with a digital
speaker unit and a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read-Only Memory) drive,
which optically retrieves data and instructions from a CD-ROM.
 Text, image, audio, video and animation are the most important components
of multimedia.

Uses of multimedia

These days, the use of multimedia is rapidly increasing. It is a chief source of
entertainment. It plays a vital role in every sector. Multimedia technology is used
in games, movies, advertisement, virtual reality and some other fields. Some of the
popular application areas of the multimedia are explained below.

Education

The impact of a multimedia technology in education is rapidly increasing
these days. There is a great impact of multimedia in the field of education. The
students do not entertain with the traditional types of learning activities. The
use of multimedia in education can make the teaching and learning activities
interesting. The interactive CD for different subjects is available by which
students can learn easily. The concept of distance learning is also based on
multimedia. Universities and colleges can provide multimedia CD and DVD to
their students as a study material.

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Health

The flow of information related to health service can be exchanged with the help
of multimedia. It is mainly used to provide telemedicine services in the remote
area. Multimedia tools are also used to provide health services all over the world
with the help of video conference. Multimedia technology and devices are used to
diagnoses about the diseases. Multimedia technology can be used to transform the
information about the health services and produce public awareness programmes
which can be broadcast from different media.

Entertainment

These days, without multimedia, entertainment is almost impossible. With the help
of multimedia, we can record the music; create a video, movies and animated
documents, 3D, 8D, 16D types of movies, digital movies, and animated cartoon
films are possible because of the use of multimedia.

Business

To create and promote the business and products we can use multimedia. We can
add animation in the advertisement to make it effective and interesting. For the
marketing strategy, the use of multimedia in business is essential.

Virtual reality

Virtual Reality (VR) is the use of computer technology to
create a simulated environment. Unlike traditional user
interfaces, VR places the user inside an experience. By
simulating as many senses as possible, such as vision,
hearing, touch, even smell, the computer is transformed
into a gatekeeper to this artificial world. The only limits
to near-real VR experiences are the availability of content and cheap computing
power. For this all, multimedia system and technology is playing a vital role.

Multimedia Hardware and software

To work with multimedia technology, we must have different types of multimedia
hardware and software. Some of the multimedia hardware components are listed
below with their figure.

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